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www/prep/standards index.html standards.dvi.gz ...
|
From: |
Therese Godefroy |
|
Subject: |
www/prep/standards index.html standards.dvi.gz ... |
|
Date: |
Sun, 21 Jun 2020 07:33:11 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /webcvs/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Therese Godefroy <th_g> 20/06/21 07:33:10
Modified files:
prep/standards : index.html standards.dvi.gz standards.html
standards.html.gz standards.html_node.tar.gz
standards.info.tar.gz standards.pdf
standards.texi.tar.gz standards.txt
standards.txt.gz
prep/standards/html_node: CPU-Portability.html
Change-Log-Concepts.html
Change-Logs.html Character-Set.html
Command-Variables.html
Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html
Comments.html Compatibility.html
Conditional-Changes.html
Conditional-Compilation.html
Configuration.html Contributions.html
DESTDIR.html Design-Advice.html
Directory-Variables.html
Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html
Documentation.html
Dynamic-Plug_002dIn-Interfaces.html
Errors.html File-Usage.html
Finding-Program-Files.html
Formatting.html
GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html
GNU-Manuals.html
Graphical-Interfaces.html Index.html
Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html
Install-Command-Categories.html
Internationalization.html
Legal-Issues.html Libraries.html
License-for-Manuals.html
Makefile-Basics.html
Makefile-Conventions.html
Man-Pages.html Managing-Releases.html
Manual-Credits.html
Manual-Structure-Details.html
Memory-Usage.html Mmap.html
NEWS-File.html Names.html
Non_002dGNU-Standards.html
OID-Allocations.html Option-Table.html
Preface.html Printed-Manuals.html
Program-Behavior.html
Quote-Characters.html
Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html
Reading-other-Manuals.html
References.html Releases.html
Semantics.html Simple-Changes.html
Source-Language.html Standard-C.html
Standard-Targets.html
Style-of-Change-Logs.html
Syntactic-Conventions.html
System-Functions.html
System-Portability.html
Trademarks.html User-Interfaces.html
Using-Extensions.html
Utilities-in-Makefiles.html
Writing-C.html _002d_002dhelp.html
_002d_002dversion.html index.html
Log message:
Regenerate the GNU Coding Standards from Texinfo sources (RT #1553937).
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/index.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.100&r2=1.101
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.dvi.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.96
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.96&r2=1.97
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.html.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.97
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.html_node.tar.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.97
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.info.tar.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.96
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.pdf?cvsroot=www&rev=1.96
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.texi.tar.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.96
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.txt?cvsroot=www&r1=1.93&r2=1.94
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.txt.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.96
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/CPU-Portability.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Change-Logs.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Character-Set.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.74&r2=1.75
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Command-Variables.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Comments.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Compatibility.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Conditional-Changes.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Configuration.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.84&r2=1.85
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Contributions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/DESTDIR.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.71&r2=1.72
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Design-Advice.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Directory-Variables.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.87&r2=1.88
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Documentation.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Dynamic-Plug_002dIn-Interfaces.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.41&r2=1.42
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Errors.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/File-Usage.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Finding-Program-Files.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.2&r2=1.3
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Formatting.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.84&r2=1.85
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/GNU-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.83&r2=1.84
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Index.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Install-Command-Categories.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Internationalization.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Legal-Issues.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Libraries.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/License-for-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Makefile-Basics.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.87&r2=1.88
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Man-Pages.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Managing-Releases.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Manual-Credits.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Manual-Structure-Details.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Memory-Usage.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Mmap.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/NEWS-File.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Names.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Non_002dGNU-Standards.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.72&r2=1.73
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/OID-Allocations.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.57&r2=1.58
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Option-Table.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Preface.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Printed-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Program-Behavior.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Quote-Characters.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.74&r2=1.75
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Reading-other-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/References.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Releases.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Semantics.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Simple-Changes.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Source-Language.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Standard-C.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Standard-Targets.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.85&r2=1.86
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/System-Functions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/System-Portability.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Trademarks.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/User-Interfaces.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Using-Extensions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.84&r2=1.85
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Writing-C.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/_002d_002dhelp.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.66&r2=1.67
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/_002d_002dversion.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.67&r2=1.68
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/index.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.82&r2=1.83
Patches:
Index: index.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/index.html,v
retrieving revision 1.100
retrieving revision 1.101
diff -u -b -r1.100 -r1.101
--- index.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:19 -0000 1.100
+++ index.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:05 -0000 1.101
@@ -1,37 +1,47 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.78 -->
+
+<!--
+Copyright (C) 2006-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
+are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
+notice and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is,
+without any warranty.
+-->
+
<title>GNU coding standards - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<h2>GNU coding standards</h2>
<address>Free Software Foundation</address>
-<address>last updated December 09, 2019</address>
+<address>last updated June 21, 2020</address>
<p>This manual (standards) is available in the following formats:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="standards.html">HTML
- (360K bytes)</a> - entirely on one web page.</li>
+ (368K bytes)</a> - entirely on one web page.</li>
<li><a href="html_node/index.html">HTML</a> - with one web page per
node.</li>
<li><a href="standards.html.gz">HTML compressed
(88K gzipped characters)</a> - entirely on
one web page.</li>
<li><a href="standards.html_node.tar.gz">HTML compressed
- (104K gzipped tar file)</a> -
+ (108K gzipped tar file)</a> -
with one web page per node.</li>
<li><a href="standards.info.tar.gz">Info document
- (72K bytes gzipped tar file)</a>.</li>
+ (76K bytes gzipped tar file)</a>.</li>
<li><a href="standards.txt">ASCII text
- (220K bytes)</a>.</li>
+ (232K bytes)</a>.</li>
<li><a href="standards.txt.gz">ASCII text compressed
- (72K bytes gzipped)</a>.</li>
+ (76K bytes gzipped)</a>.</li>
<li><a href="standards.dvi.gz">TeX dvi file
- (120K bytes gzipped)</a>.</li>
+ (124K bytes gzipped)</a>.</li>
<li><a href="standards.pdf">PDF file
- (436K bytes)</a>.</li>
+ (448K bytes)</a>.</li>
<li><a href="standards.texi.tar.gz">Texinfo source
- (72K bytes gzipped tar file).</a></li>
+ (76K bytes gzipped tar file).</a></li>
</ul>
<p>You can <a href="https://shop.fsf.org/";>buy printed copies of
@@ -56,10 +66,10 @@
<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org";><gnu@gnu.org></a>.
There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
-to <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org";><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+to <a
href="mailto:bug-standards@gnu.org";><bug-standards@gnu.org></a>.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
Index: standards.dvi.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/standards.dvi.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.95
retrieving revision 1.96
diff -u -b -r1.95 -r1.96
Binary files /var/tmp/cvspHaUk4 and /var/tmp/cvsLOTLDq differ
Index: standards.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/standards.html,v
retrieving revision 1.96
retrieving revision 1.97
diff -u -b -r1.96 -r1.97
--- standards.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:20 -0000 1.96
+++ standards.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:05 -0000 1.97
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
<li><a name="toc-The-NEWS-File" href="#NEWS-File">6.7 The NEWS
File</a></li>
<li><a name="toc-Change-Logs-1" href="#Change-Logs">6.8 Change Logs</a>
<ul class="no-bullet">
- <li><a name="toc-Change-Log-Concepts-1"
href="#Change-Log-Concepts">6.8.1 Change Log Concepts</a></li>
+ <li><a name="toc-Change-Log-Concepts-and-Conventions"
href="#Change-Log-Concepts">6.8.1 Change Log Concepts and Conventions</a></li>
<li><a name="toc-Style-of-Change-Logs-1"
href="#Style-of-Change-Logs">6.8.2 Style of Change Logs</a></li>
<li><a name="toc-Simple-Changes-1" href="#Simple-Changes">6.8.3 Simple
Changes</a></li>
<li><a name="toc-Conditional-Changes-1"
href="#Conditional-Changes">6.8.4 Conditional Changes</a></li>
@@ -173,12 +173,12 @@
<a name="GNU-Coding-Standards"></a>
<h1 class="top">GNU Coding Standards</h1>
-<p>The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<p>The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
</p>
<p>Copyright © 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
</p>
<p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
<a
href="https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/hello.html";>https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/hello.html</a>.
</p>
<p>This release of the GNU Coding Standards was last updated
-November 17, 2019.
+June 12, 2020.
</p>
<hr>
@@ -1138,7 +1138,7 @@
the working directory that was current when the program started.
</p>
<p>If this procedure finds the executable, we call the directory it was
-found in the <em>iinvocation directory</em>. The program should check
+found in the <em>invocation directory</em>. The program should check
for the presence in that directory of the associated files it needs.
</p>
<p>If the program’s executable is normally built in a subdirectory of the
@@ -3694,7 +3694,7 @@
when there is a higher-level alternative (<code>readdir</code>).
</p>
<a name="index-non_002dPOSIX-systems_002c-and-portability"></a>
-<p>As for systems that are not like Unix, such as MSDOS, Windows, VMS, MVS,
+<p>As for systems that are not like Unix, such as MS-DOS, Windows, VMS, MVS,
and older Macintosh systems, supporting them is often a lot of work.
When that is the case, it is better to spend your time adding features
that will be useful on GNU and GNU/Linux, rather than on supporting
@@ -4463,7 +4463,69 @@
Often a new bug can be found by looking at what was recently changed.
More importantly, change logs can help you eliminate conceptual
inconsistencies between different parts of a program, by giving you a
-history of how the conflicting concepts arose and who they came from.
+history of how the conflicting concepts arose, who they came from, and
+why the conflicting changes were made.
+</p>
+<a name="index-software-forensics_002c-and-change-logs"></a>
+<p>Therefore, change logs should be detailed enough and accurate enough
+to provide the information commonly required for such <em>software
+forensics</em>. Specifically, change logs should make finding answers to
+the following questions easy:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li> What changes affected a particular source file?
+
+</li><li> Was a particular source file renamed or moved, and if so, as part of
+what change?
+
+</li><li> What changes affected a given function or macro or definition of a
+data structure?
+
+</li><li> Was a function (or a macro or the definition of a data structure)
+renamed or moved from another file, and if so, as part of which
+change?
+
+</li><li> What changes deleted a function (or macro or data structure)?
+
+</li><li> What was the rationale for a given change, and what were its main
+ideas?
+
+</li><li> Is there any additional information regarding the change, and if so,
+where can it be found?
+</li></ul>
+
+<a name="index-VCS"></a>
+<a name="index-version-control-system_002c-for-keeping-change-logs"></a>
+<p>Historically, change logs were maintained on specially formatted
+files. Nowadays, projects commonly keep their source files under a
+<em>version control system</em> (<acronym>VCS</acronym>), such as Git,
+Subversion, or Mercurial. If the <acronym>VCS</acronym> repository is publicly
+accessible, and changes are committed to it separately (one commit for
+each logical changeset) and record the authors of each change, then
+the information recorded by the <acronym>VCS</acronym> can be used to produce
+the change logs out of <acronym>VCS</acronym> logs, and to answer the above
+questions by using the suitable <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands. (However, the
+<acronym>VCS</acronym> log messages still need to provide some supporting
+information, as described below.) Projects that maintain such
+<acronym>VCS</acronym> repositories can decide not to maintain separate change
+log files, and instead rely on the <acronym>VCS</acronym> to keep the change
+logs.
+</p>
+<p>If you decide not to maintain separate change log files, you should
+still consider providing them in the release tarballs, for the benefit
+of users who’d like to review the change logs without accessing the
+project’s <acronym>VCS</acronym> repository. Scripts exist that can
produce
+<samp>ChangeLog</samp> files from the <acronym>VCS</acronym> logs; for
example, the
+<samp>gitlog-to-changelog</samp> script, which is part of Gnulib, can do
+that for Git repositories. In Emacs, the command <kbd>C-x v a</kbd>
+(<code>vc-update-change-log</code>) does the job of incrementally updating a
+<samp>ChangeLog</samp> file from the <acronym>VCS</acronym> logs.
+</p>
+<p>If separate change log files <em>are</em> maintained, they are normally
+called <samp>ChangeLog</samp>, and each such file covers an entire
+directory. Each directory can have its own change log file, or a
+directory can use the change log of its parent directory—it’s up to
+you.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a href="#Change-Log-Concepts"
accesskey="1">Change Log Concepts</a>:</td><td> </td><td
align="left" valign="top">
@@ -4484,40 +4546,42 @@
<p>
Next: <a href="#Style-of-Change-Logs" accesskey="n" rel="next">Style of Change
Logs</a>, Up: <a href="#Change-Logs" accesskey="u" rel="up">Change Logs</a>
[<a href="#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents"
rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="#Index" title="Index"
rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
-<a name="Change-Log-Concepts-1"></a>
-<h4 class="subsection">6.8.1 Change Log Concepts</h4>
+<a name="Change-Log-Concepts-and-Conventions"></a>
+<h4 class="subsection">6.8.1 Change Log Concepts and Conventions</h4>
-<a name="index-change-set"></a>
-<a name="index-batch-of-changes"></a>
+<a name="index-changeset_002c-in-a-change-log"></a>
+<a name="index-batch-of-changes_002c-in-a-change-log"></a>
<p>You can think of the change log as a conceptual “undo list”
which
states how earlier versions were different from the current version.
People can see the current version; they don’t need the change log to
tell them what is in it. What they want from a change log is a clear
explanation of how the earlier version differed. Each <em>entry</em> in
a change log describes either an individual change or the smallest
-batch of changes that belong together, also known as a <em>change
-set</em>.
+batch of changes that belong together, also known as a <em>changeset</em>.
</p>
<a name="index-title_002c-change-log-entry"></a>
-<a name="index-description_002c-change-log-entry"></a>
-<p>It is a good idea to start the change log entry with a description
-of the overall change. This should be as long as needed to give
-a clear description.
-</p>
-<p>Then give a list of names of the entities or definitions that you
-changed, according to the files they are in, and what was changed
-in each one. See <a href="#Style-of-Change-Logs">Style of Change Logs</a>.
-</p>
-<p>The change log file is normally called <samp>ChangeLog</samp> and covers an
-entire directory. Each directory can have its own change log, or a
-directory can use the change log of its parent directory—it’s up to
-you.
+<a name="index-header-line_002c-change-log-entry"></a>
+<p>It is a good idea to start the change log entry with a <em>header
+line</em>: a single line that is a complete sentence which summarizes the
+changeset. If you keep the change log in a <acronym>VCS</acronym>, this
+should be a requirement, as <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands that show the
+change log in abbreviated form, such as <kbd>git log --oneline</kbd>, treat
+the header line specially. (In a <samp>ChangeLog</samp> file, the header
+line follows a line that says who was the author of the change and
+when it was installed.)
</p>
-<p>Instead of using a file named <samp>ChangeLog</samp>, you can record the
-change log information as log entries in a version control system such
-as RCS or CVS. This can be converted automatically to a
-<samp>ChangeLog</samp> file using <code>rcs2log</code>; in Emacs, the command
-<kbd>C-x v a</kbd> (<code>vc-update-change-log</code>) does the job.
+<a name="index-description_002c-change-log-entry"></a>
+<p>Follow the change log entry’s header line with a description of the
+overall change. This should be as long as needed to give a clear
+description. Pay special attention to aspects of the changeset not
+easily gleaned from the diffs or from the names of modified files and
+functions: the overall idea of the change and the need for it, and the
+relations, if any, between changes made to different files/functions.
+If the change or its reasons were discussed on some public forum, such
+as the project’s issue tracker or mailing list, it is a good idea to
+summarize the main points of that discussion in the change’s
+description, and include a pointer to that discussion or the issue ID
+for those who’d like to read it in full.
</p>
<p>The best place to explain how parts of the new code work with other code
is in comments in the code, not in the change log.
@@ -4532,14 +4596,73 @@
explanation.)
</p>
<p>The best place for other kinds of explanation of the change is in the
-change log entry.
+change log entry. In particular, comments usually will not say why
+some code was deleted or moved to another place—that belongs to the
+description of the change which did that.
+</p>
+<p>Following the free-text description of the change, it is a good idea
+to give a list of names of the entities or definitions that you
+changed, according to the files they are in, and what was changed in
+each one. See <a href="#Style-of-Change-Logs">Style of Change Logs</a>. If a
project uses a modern
+<acronym>VCS</acronym> to keep the change log information, as described in
+<a href="#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a>, explicitly listing the files and
functions that
+were changed is not strictly necessary, and in some cases (like
+identical mechanical changes in many places) even tedious. It is up
+to you to decide whether to allow your project’s developers to omit
+the list of changed files and functions from the log entries, and
+whether to allow such omissions under some specific conditions.
+However, while making this decision, please consider the following
+benefits of providing the list of changed entities with each change:
</p>
-<p>The easiest way to add an entry to <samp>ChangeLog</samp> is with the Emacs
-command <kbd>M-x add-change-log-entry</kbd>. An individual change should
-have an asterisk, the name of the changed file, and then in
-parentheses the name of the changed functions, variables or whatever,
-followed by a colon. Then describe the changes you made to that
-function or variable.
+<ul>
+<li> Generation of useful <samp>ChangeLog</samp> files from
<acronym>VCS</acronym> logs
+becomes more difficult if the change log entries don’t list the
+modified functions/macros, because <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands cannot
+reliably reproduce their names from the commit information alone. For
+example, when there is a change in the header part of a function
+definition, the heading of the diff hunk as shown in the VCS log
+commands will name the wrong function as being modified (usually, the
+function defined before the one being modified), so using those diffs
+to glean the names of the modified functions will produce inaccurate
+results. You will need to use specialized scripts, such as gnulib’s
+<samp>vcs-to-changelog.py</samp>, mentioned below, to solve these
+difficulties, and make sure it supports the source languages used by
+your project.
+
+</li><li> While modern <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands, such as Git’s
<kbd>git log -L</kbd>
+and <kbd>git log -G</kbd>, provide powerful means for finding changes that
+affected a certain function or macro or data structure (and thus might
+make <samp>ChangeLog</samp> files unnecessary if you have the repository
+available), they can sometimes fail. For example, <kbd>git log -L</kbd>
+doesn’t support syntax of some programming languages out of the box.
+Mentioning the modified functions/macros explicitly allows finding the
+related changes simply and reliably.
+
+</li><li> Some <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands have difficulties or
limitations when
+tracking changes across file moves or renames. Again, if the entities
+are mentioned explicitly, those difficulties can be overcome.
+
+</li><li> Users that review changes using the generated <samp>ChangeLog</samp>
files
+may not have the repository and the <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands available
+to them. Naming the modified entities alleviates that problem.
+</li></ul>
+
+<p>For these reasons, providing lists of modified files and functions
+with each change makes the change logs more useful, and we therefore
+recommend to include them whenever possible and practical.
+</p>
+<p>It is also possible to generate the lists naming the modified entities
+by running a script. One such script is <samp>mklog.py</samp> (written in
+Python 3); it is used by the <code>GCC</code> project. Gnulib provides
+another variant of such a script, called <samp>vcs-to-changelog.py</samp>,
+part of the <code>vcs-to-changelog</code> module. Note that these scripts
+currently support fewer programming languages than the manual commands
+provided by Emacs (see <a href="#Style-of-Change-Logs">Style of Change
Logs</a>). Therefore, the
+above mentioned method of generating the <code>ChangeLog</code> file from
+the <acronym>VCS</acronym> commit history, for instance via the
+<code>gitlog-to-changelog</code> script, usually gives better
+results—provided that the contributors stick to providing good
+commit messages.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="Style-of-Change-Logs"></a>
@@ -4554,30 +4677,47 @@
<p>Here are some simple examples of change log entries, starting with the
header line that says who made the change and when it was installed,
followed by descriptions of specific changes. (These examples are
-drawn from Emacs and GCC.)
+drawn from Emacs.) Keep in mind that the line which shows the date of
+the change and the author’s name and email address is needed only in a
+separate <samp>ChangeLog</samp> file, not when the change logs are kept in a
+<acronym>VCS</acronym>.
</p>
<div class="example">
-<pre class="example">1998-08-17 Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
+<pre class="example">2019-08-29 Noam Postavsky <npostavs@gmail.com>
+
+ Handle completely undecoded input in term (Bug#29918)
-* register.el (insert-register): Return nil.
-(jump-to-register): Likewise.
+ * lisp/term.el (term-emulate-terminal): Avoid errors if the whole
+ decoded string is eight-bit characters. Don't attempt to save the
+ string for next iteration in that case.
+ * test/lisp/term-tests.el (term-decode-partial)
+ (term-undecodable-input): New tests.
-* sort.el (sort-subr): Return nil.
+2019-06-15 Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
-* tex-mode.el (tex-bibtex-file, tex-file, tex-region):
-Restart the tex shell if process is gone or stopped.
-(tex-shell-running): New function.
+ Port to platforms where tputs is in libtinfow
-* expr.c (store_one_arg): Round size up for move_block_to_reg.
-(expand_call): Round up when emitting USE insns.
-* stmt.c (assign_parms): Round size up for move_block_from_reg.
+ * configure.ac (tputs_library): Also try tinfow, ncursesw (Bug#33977).
+
+2019-02-08 Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
+
+ Improve documentation of 'date-to-time' and 'parse-time-string'
+
+ * doc/lispref/os.texi (Time Parsing): Document
+ 'parse-time-string', and refer to it for the description of
+ the argument of 'date-to-time'.
+
+ * lisp/calendar/time-date.el (date-to-time): Refer in the doc
+ string to 'parse-time-string' for more information about the
+ format of the DATE argument. (Bug#34303)
</pre></div>
-<p>It’s important to name the changed function or variable in full.
Don’t
-abbreviate function or variable names, and don’t combine them.
-Subsequent maintainers will often search for a function name to find all
-the change log entries that pertain to it; if you abbreviate the name,
-they won’t find it when they search.
+<p>If you mention the names of the modified functions or variables, it’s
+important to name them in full. Don’t abbreviate function or variable
+names, and don’t combine them. Subsequent maintainers will often
+search for a function name to find all the change log entries that
+pertain to it; if you abbreviate the name, they won’t find it when
+they search.
</p>
<p>For example, some people are tempted to abbreviate groups of function
names by writing ‘<samp>* register.el
({insert,jump-to}-register)</samp>’;
@@ -4591,13 +4731,22 @@
</p>
<p>Break long lists of function names by closing continued lines with
‘<samp>)</samp>’, rather than ‘<samp>,</samp>’, and
opening the continuation with
-‘<samp>(</samp>’ as in this example:
+‘<samp>(</samp>’. This makes highlighting in Emacs work better.
+Here is an example:
</p>
<div class="example">
-<pre class="example">* keyboard.c (menu_bar_items, tool_bar_items)
+<pre class="example">* src/keyboard.c (menu_bar_items, tool_bar_items)
(Fexecute_extended_command): Deal with 'keymap' property.
</pre></div>
+<p>The easiest way to add an entry to <samp>ChangeLog</samp> is with the Emacs
+command <kbd>M-x add-change-log-entry</kbd>, or its variant <kbd>C-x 4 a</kbd>
+(<code>add-change-log-entry-other-window</code>). This automatically
+collects the name of the changed file and the changed function or
+variable, and formats a change log entry according to the conventions
+described above, leaving it up to you to describe the changes you made
+to that function or variable.
+</p>
<p>When you install someone else’s changes, put the contributor’s
name in
the change log entry rather than in the text of the entry. In other
words, write this:
@@ -4616,7 +4765,24 @@
* sewing.c: Make it sew. Patch by jdoe@gnu.org.
</pre></div>
+<p>When committing someone else’s changes into a <acronym>VCS</acronym>,
use the
+<acronym>VCS</acronym> features to specify the author. For example, with Git,
+use <kbd>git commit --author=<var>author</var></kbd>.
+</p>
<p>As for the date, that should be the date you applied the change.
+(With a <acronym>VCS</acronym>, use the appropriate command-line switches,
+e.g., <kbd>git commit --date=<var>date</var></kbd>.)
+</p>
+<p>Modern <acronym>VCS</acronym> have commands to apply changes sent via email
+(e.g., Git has <kbd>git am</kbd>); in that case the author of the changeset
+and the date it was made will be automatically gleaned from the email
+message and recorded in the repository. If the patches are prepared
+with suitable <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands, such as <kbd>git
format-patch</kbd>,
+the email message body will also have the original author of the
+changeset, so resending or forwarding the message will not interfere
+with attributing the changes to their author. Thus, we recommend that
+you request your contributors to use commands such as <kbd>git
+format-patch</kbd> to prepare the patches.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="Simple-Changes"></a>
@@ -4630,6 +4796,15 @@
<p>Certain simple kinds of changes don’t need much detail in the change
log.
</p>
+<p>If the description of the change is short enough, it can serve as its
+own header line:
+</p>
+<div class="example">
+<pre class="example">2019-08-29 Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
+
+ * lisp/simple.el (kill-do-not-save-duplicates): Doc fix. (Bug#36827)
+</pre></div>
+
<p>When you change the calling sequence of a function in a simple fashion,
and you change all the callers of the function to use the new calling
sequence, there is no need to make individual entries for all the
@@ -4645,6 +4820,22 @@
entry for the file, without mentioning the functions. Just “Doc
fixes” is enough for the change log.
</p>
+<p>When you make changes in many files that follow mechanically from one
+underlying change, it is enough to describe the underlying change.
+Here’s an example of a change that affects all of the files in the
+repository:
+</p>
+<div class="example">
+<pre class="example">2019-01-07 Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
+
+ Update copyright year to 2019
+
+ Run 'TZ=UTC0 admin/update-copyright $(git ls-files)'.
+</pre></div>
+
+<p>Test suite files are part of the software, so we recommend treating
+them as code for change-log purposes.
+</p>
<p>There’s no technical need to make change log entries for non-software
files (manuals, help files, media files, etc.). This is because they
are not susceptible to bugs that are hard to understand. To correct
@@ -4653,7 +4844,9 @@
</p>
<p>However, you should keep change logs for non-software files when the
project gets copyright assignments from its contributors, so as to
-make the records of authorship more accurate.
+make the records of authorship more accurate. For that reason, we
+recommend to keep change logs for Texinfo sources of your project’s
+manuals.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="Conditional-Changes"></a>
@@ -7022,6 +7215,8 @@
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-G"><b>G</b></a>
+<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-H"><b>H</b></a>
+
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-I"><b>I</b></a>
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-K"><b>K</b></a>
@@ -7074,7 +7269,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-avoiding-proprietary-code">avoiding proprietary
code</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Reading-Non_002dFree-Code">Reading Non-Free Code</a></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-B">B</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-batch-of-changes">batch of
changes</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log Concepts</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-batch-of-changes_002c-in-a-change-log">batch of changes, in a
change log</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log Concepts</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-behavior_002c-dependent-on-program_0027s-name">behavior, dependent
on program’s name</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#User-Interfaces">User Interfaces</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-binary-packages">binary
packages</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Install-Command-Categories">Install Command Categories</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-bindir"><code>bindir</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="#Directory-Variables">Directory Variables</a></td></tr>
@@ -7091,7 +7286,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-change-logs">change
logs</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Change-Logs">Change
Logs</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-change-logs_002c-conditional-changes">change logs, conditional
changes</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Conditional-Changes">Conditional Changes</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-change-logs_002c-style">change
logs, style</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Style-of-Change-Logs">Style of Change Logs</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-change-set">change
set</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log Concepts</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-changeset_002c-in-a-change-log">changeset, in a change
log</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log Concepts</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-character-set">character
set</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a href="#Character-Set">Character
Set</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-clang"><code>clang</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="#Syntactic-Conventions">Syntactic
Conventions</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-command_002dline-arguments_002c-decoding">command-line arguments,
decoding</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Semantics">Semantics</a></td></tr>
@@ -7154,6 +7349,9 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-GTK_002b">GTK+</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Graphical-Interfaces">Graphical Interfaces</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-Guile">Guile</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Source-Language">Source Language</a></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-H">H</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-header-line_002c-change-log-entry">header line, change log
entry</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log Concepts</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-I">I</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-implicit-int">implicit
<code>int</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Syntactic-Conventions">Syntactic Conventions</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-impossible-conditions">impossible
conditions</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Semantics">Semantics</a></td></tr>
@@ -7248,6 +7446,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-signal-handling">signal
handling</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Semantics">Semantics</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-single-quote">single
quote</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Quote-Characters">Quote Characters</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-SNMP">SNMP</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#OID-Allocations">OID Allocations</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-software-forensics_002c-and-change-logs">software forensics, and
change logs</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-spaces-before-open_002dparen">spaces before
open-paren</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Formatting">Formatting</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a href="#index-staged-installs">staged
installs</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#DESTDIR">DESTDIR</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-standard-command_002dline-options">standard command-line
options</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line Interfaces</a></td></tr>
@@ -7269,6 +7468,8 @@
<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-V">V</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-valgrind"><code>valgrind</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="#Memory-Usage">Memory Usage</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-VCS">VCS</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-version-control-system_002c-for-keeping-change-logs">version
control system, for keeping change logs</a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="#index-version-numbers_002c-for-releases">version numbers, for
releases</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="#Releases">Releases</a></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-W">W</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
@@ -7298,6 +7499,8 @@
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-G"><b>G</b></a>
+<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-H"><b>H</b></a>
+
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-I"><b>I</b></a>
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-K"><b>K</b></a>
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===================================================================
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===================================================================
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===================================================================
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===================================================================
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Index: standards.txt
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.93
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diff -u -b -r1.93 -r1.94
--- standards.txt 9 Dec 2019 17:25:20 -0000 1.93
+++ standards.txt 21 Jun 2020 11:33:08 -0000 1.94
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
6.6 Printed Manuals
6.7 The NEWS File
6.8 Change Logs
- 6.8.1 Change Log Concepts
+ 6.8.1 Change Log Concepts and Conventions
6.8.2 Style of Change Logs
6.8.3 Simple Changes
6.8.4 Conditional Changes
@@ -71,11 +71,12 @@
GNU Coding Standards
********************
-The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012,
-2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free Software Foundation,
+Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -136,8 +137,8 @@
coding standards for a trivial program.
<https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/hello.html>.
- This release of the GNU Coding Standards was last updated November
-17, 2019.
+ This release of the GNU Coding Standards was last updated June 12,
+2020.
2 Keeping Free Software Free
****************************
@@ -762,7 +763,7 @@
directory that was current when the program started.
If this procedure finds the executable, we call the directory it was
-found in the "iinvocation directory". The program should check for the
+found in the "invocation directory". The program should check for the
presence in that directory of the associated files it needs.
If the program's executable is normally built in a subdirectory of
@@ -2663,7 +2664,7 @@
Avoid using the format of semi-internal data bases (e.g.,
directories) when there is a higher-level alternative ('readdir').
- As for systems that are not like Unix, such as MSDOS, Windows, VMS,
+ As for systems that are not like Unix, such as MS-DOS, Windows, VMS,
MVS, and older Macintosh systems, supporting them is often a lot of
work. When that is the case, it is better to spend your time adding
features that will be useful on GNU and GNU/Linux, rather than on
@@ -3237,10 +3238,63 @@
Often a new bug can be found by looking at what was recently changed.
More importantly, change logs can help you eliminate conceptual
inconsistencies between different parts of a program, by giving you a
-history of how the conflicting concepts arose and who they came from.
+history of how the conflicting concepts arose, who they came from, and
+why the conflicting changes were made.
-6.8.1 Change Log Concepts
--------------------------
+ Therefore, change logs should be detailed enough and accurate enough
+to provide the information commonly required for such "software
+forensics". Specifically, change logs should make finding answers to
+the following questions easy:
+
+ * What changes affected a particular source file?
+
+ * Was a particular source file renamed or moved, and if so, as part
+ of what change?
+
+ * What changes affected a given function or macro or definition of a
+ data structure?
+
+ * Was a function (or a macro or the definition of a data structure)
+ renamed or moved from another file, and if so, as part of which
+ change?
+
+ * What changes deleted a function (or macro or data structure)?
+
+ * What was the rationale for a given change, and what were its main
+ ideas?
+
+ * Is there any additional information regarding the change, and if
+ so, where can it be found?
+
+ Historically, change logs were maintained on specially formatted
+files. Nowadays, projects commonly keep their source files under a
+"version control system" (VCS), such as Git, Subversion, or Mercurial.
+If the VCS repository is publicly accessible, and changes are committed
+to it separately (one commit for each logical changeset) and record the
+authors of each change, then the information recorded by the VCS can be
+used to produce the change logs out of VCS logs, and to answer the above
+questions by using the suitable VCS commands. (However, the VCS log
+messages still need to provide some supporting information, as described
+below.) Projects that maintain such VCS repositories can decide not to
+maintain separate change log files, and instead rely on the VCS to keep
+the change logs.
+
+ If you decide not to maintain separate change log files, you should
+still consider providing them in the release tarballs, for the benefit
+of users who'd like to review the change logs without accessing the
+project's VCS repository. Scripts exist that can produce 'ChangeLog'
+files from the VCS logs; for example, the 'gitlog-to-changelog' script,
+which is part of Gnulib, can do that for Git repositories. In Emacs,
+the command 'C-x v a' ('vc-update-change-log') does the job of
+incrementally updating a 'ChangeLog' file from the VCS logs.
+
+ If separate change log files _are_ maintained, they are normally
+called 'ChangeLog', and each such file covers an entire directory. Each
+directory can have its own change log file, or a directory can use the
+change log of its parent directory--it's up to you.
+
+6.8.1 Change Log Concepts and Conventions
+-----------------------------------------
You can think of the change log as a conceptual "undo list" which states
how earlier versions were different from the current version. People
@@ -3248,26 +3302,27 @@
what is in it. What they want from a change log is a clear explanation
of how the earlier version differed. Each "entry" in a change log
describes either an individual change or the smallest batch of changes
-that belong together, also known as a "change set".
+that belong together, also known as a "changeset".
- It is a good idea to start the change log entry with a description of
-the overall change. This should be as long as needed to give a clear
-description.
-
- Then give a list of names of the entities or definitions that you
-changed, according to the files they are in, and what was changed in
-each one. *Note Style of Change Logs::.
-
- The change log file is normally called 'ChangeLog' and covers an
-entire directory. Each directory can have its own change log, or a
-directory can use the change log of its parent directory--it's up to
-you.
-
- Instead of using a file named 'ChangeLog', you can record the change
-log information as log entries in a version control system such as RCS
-or CVS. This can be converted automatically to a 'ChangeLog' file using
-'rcs2log'; in Emacs, the command 'C-x v a' ('vc-update-change-log') does
-the job.
+ It is a good idea to start the change log entry with a "header line":
+a single line that is a complete sentence which summarizes the
+changeset. If you keep the change log in a VCS, this should be a
+requirement, as VCS commands that show the change log in abbreviated
+form, such as 'git log --oneline', treat the header line specially. (In
+a 'ChangeLog' file, the header line follows a line that says who was the
+author of the change and when it was installed.)
+
+ Follow the change log entry's header line with a description of the
+overall change. This should be as long as needed to give a clear
+description. Pay special attention to aspects of the changeset not
+easily gleaned from the diffs or from the names of modified files and
+functions: the overall idea of the change and the need for it, and the
+relations, if any, between changes made to different files/functions.
+If the change or its reasons were discussed on some public forum, such
+as the project's issue tracker or mailing list, it is a good idea to
+summarize the main points of that discussion in the change's
+description, and include a pointer to that discussion or the issue ID
+for those who'd like to read it in full.
The best place to explain how parts of the new code work with other
code is in comments in the code, not in the change log.
@@ -3281,13 +3336,70 @@
simple reason would not need this kind of explanation.)
The best place for other kinds of explanation of the change is in the
-change log entry.
-
- The easiest way to add an entry to 'ChangeLog' is with the Emacs
-command 'M-x add-change-log-entry'. An individual change should have an
-asterisk, the name of the changed file, and then in parentheses the name
-of the changed functions, variables or whatever, followed by a colon.
-Then describe the changes you made to that function or variable.
+change log entry. In particular, comments usually will not say why some
+code was deleted or moved to another place--that belongs to the
+description of the change which did that.
+
+ Following the free-text description of the change, it is a good idea
+to give a list of names of the entities or definitions that you changed,
+according to the files they are in, and what was changed in each one.
+*Note Style of Change Logs::. If a project uses a modern VCS to keep
+the change log information, as described in *note Change Logs::,
+explicitly listing the files and functions that were changed is not
+strictly necessary, and in some cases (like identical mechanical changes
+in many places) even tedious. It is up to you to decide whether to
+allow your project's developers to omit the list of changed files and
+functions from the log entries, and whether to allow such omissions
+under some specific conditions. However, while making this decision,
+please consider the following benefits of providing the list of changed
+entities with each change:
+
+ * Generation of useful 'ChangeLog' files from VCS logs becomes more
+ difficult if the change log entries don't list the modified
+ functions/macros, because VCS commands cannot reliably reproduce
+ their names from the commit information alone. For example, when
+ there is a change in the header part of a function definition, the
+ heading of the diff hunk as shown in the VCS log commands will name
+ the wrong function as being modified (usually, the function defined
+ before the one being modified), so using those diffs to glean the
+ names of the modified functions will produce inaccurate results.
+ You will need to use specialized scripts, such as gnulib's
+ 'vcs-to-changelog.py', mentioned below, to solve these
+ difficulties, and make sure it supports the source languages used
+ by your project.
+
+ * While modern VCS commands, such as Git's 'git log -L' and 'git log
+ -G', provide powerful means for finding changes that affected a
+ certain function or macro or data structure (and thus might make
+ 'ChangeLog' files unnecessary if you have the repository
+ available), they can sometimes fail. For example, 'git log -L'
+ doesn't support syntax of some programming languages out of the
+ box. Mentioning the modified functions/macros explicitly allows
+ finding the related changes simply and reliably.
+
+ * Some VCS commands have difficulties or limitations when tracking
+ changes across file moves or renames. Again, if the entities are
+ mentioned explicitly, those difficulties can be overcome.
+
+ * Users that review changes using the generated 'ChangeLog' files may
+ not have the repository and the VCS commands available to them.
+ Naming the modified entities alleviates that problem.
+
+For these reasons, providing lists of modified files and functions with
+each change makes the change logs more useful, and we therefore
+recommend to include them whenever possible and practical.
+
+ It is also possible to generate the lists naming the modified
+entities by running a script. One such script is 'mklog.py' (written in
+Python 3); it is used by the 'GCC' project. Gnulib provides another
+variant of such a script, called 'vcs-to-changelog.py', part of the
+'vcs-to-changelog' module. Note that these scripts currently support
+fewer programming languages than the manual commands provided by Emacs
+(*note Style of Change Logs::). Therefore, the above mentioned method
+of generating the 'ChangeLog' file from the VCS commit history, for
+instance via the 'gitlog-to-changelog' script, usually gives better
+results--provided that the contributors stick to providing good commit
+messages.
6.8.2 Style of Change Logs
--------------------------
@@ -3295,28 +3407,43 @@
Here are some simple examples of change log entries, starting with the
header line that says who made the change and when it was installed,
followed by descriptions of specific changes. (These examples are drawn
-from Emacs and GCC.)
+from Emacs.) Keep in mind that the line which shows the date of the
+change and the author's name and email address is needed only in a
+separate 'ChangeLog' file, not when the change logs are kept in a VCS.
+
+ 2019-08-29 Noam Postavsky <npostavs@gmail.com>
+
+ Handle completely undecoded input in term (Bug#29918)
- 1998-08-17 Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
+ * lisp/term.el (term-emulate-terminal): Avoid errors if the whole
+ decoded string is eight-bit characters. Don't attempt to save the
+ string for next iteration in that case.
+ * test/lisp/term-tests.el (term-decode-partial)
+ (term-undecodable-input): New tests.
- * register.el (insert-register): Return nil.
- (jump-to-register): Likewise.
+ 2019-06-15 Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
- * sort.el (sort-subr): Return nil.
+ Port to platforms where tputs is in libtinfow
- * tex-mode.el (tex-bibtex-file, tex-file, tex-region):
- Restart the tex shell if process is gone or stopped.
- (tex-shell-running): New function.
+ * configure.ac (tputs_library): Also try tinfow, ncursesw (Bug#33977).
- * expr.c (store_one_arg): Round size up for move_block_to_reg.
- (expand_call): Round up when emitting USE insns.
- * stmt.c (assign_parms): Round size up for move_block_from_reg.
+ 2019-02-08 Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
- It's important to name the changed function or variable in full.
-Don't abbreviate function or variable names, and don't combine them.
-Subsequent maintainers will often search for a function name to find all
-the change log entries that pertain to it; if you abbreviate the name,
-they won't find it when they search.
+ Improve documentation of 'date-to-time' and 'parse-time-string'
+
+ * doc/lispref/os.texi (Time Parsing): Document
+ 'parse-time-string', and refer to it for the description of
+ the argument of 'date-to-time'.
+
+ * lisp/calendar/time-date.el (date-to-time): Refer in the doc
+ string to 'parse-time-string' for more information about the
+ format of the DATE argument. (Bug#34303)
+
+ If you mention the names of the modified functions or variables, it's
+important to name them in full. Don't abbreviate function or variable
+names, and don't combine them. Subsequent maintainers will often search
+for a function name to find all the change log entries that pertain to
+it; if you abbreviate the name, they won't find it when they search.
For example, some people are tempted to abbreviate groups of function
names by writing '* register.el ({insert,jump-to}-register)'; this is
@@ -3329,12 +3456,20 @@
same file.
Break long lists of function names by closing continued lines with
-')', rather than ',', and opening the continuation with '(' as in this
-example:
+')', rather than ',', and opening the continuation with '('. This makes
+highlighting in Emacs work better. Here is an example:
- * keyboard.c (menu_bar_items, tool_bar_items)
+ * src/keyboard.c (menu_bar_items, tool_bar_items)
(Fexecute_extended_command): Deal with 'keymap' property.
+ The easiest way to add an entry to 'ChangeLog' is with the Emacs
+command 'M-x add-change-log-entry', or its variant 'C-x 4 a'
+('add-change-log-entry-other-window'). This automatically collects the
+name of the changed file and the changed function or variable, and
+formats a change log entry according to the conventions described above,
+leaving it up to you to describe the changes you made to that function
+or variable.
+
When you install someone else's changes, put the contributor's name
in the change log entry rather than in the text of the entry. In other
words, write this:
@@ -3349,7 +3484,23 @@
* sewing.c: Make it sew. Patch by jdoe@gnu.org.
+ When committing someone else's changes into a VCS, use the VCS
+features to specify the author. For example, with Git, use 'git commit
+--author=AUTHOR'.
+
As for the date, that should be the date you applied the change.
+(With a VCS, use the appropriate command-line switches, e.g., 'git
+commit --date=DATE'.)
+
+ Modern VCS have commands to apply changes sent via email (e.g., Git
+has 'git am'); in that case the author of the changeset and the date it
+was made will be automatically gleaned from the email message and
+recorded in the repository. If the patches are prepared with suitable
+VCS commands, such as 'git format-patch', the email message body will
+also have the original author of the changeset, so resending or
+forwarding the message will not interfere with attributing the changes
+to their author. Thus, we recommend that you request your contributors
+to use commands such as 'git format-patch' to prepare the patches.
6.8.3 Simple Changes
--------------------
@@ -3357,6 +3508,13 @@
Certain simple kinds of changes don't need much detail in the change
log.
+ If the description of the change is short enough, it can serve as its
+own header line:
+
+ 2019-08-29 Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
+
+ * lisp/simple.el (kill-do-not-save-duplicates): Doc fix. (Bug#36827)
+
When you change the calling sequence of a function in a simple
fashion, and you change all the callers of the function to use the new
calling sequence, there is no need to make individual entries for all
@@ -3370,6 +3528,20 @@
an entry for the file, without mentioning the functions. Just "Doc
fixes" is enough for the change log.
+ When you make changes in many files that follow mechanically from one
+underlying change, it is enough to describe the underlying change.
+Here's an example of a change that affects all of the files in the
+repository:
+
+ 2019-01-07 Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
+
+ Update copyright year to 2019
+
+ Run 'TZ=UTC0 admin/update-copyright $(git ls-files)'.
+
+ Test suite files are part of the software, so we recommend treating
+them as code for change-log purposes.
+
There's no technical need to make change log entries for non-software
files (manuals, help files, media files, etc.). This is because they
are not susceptible to bugs that are hard to understand. To correct an
@@ -3378,7 +3550,8 @@
However, you should keep change logs for non-software files when the
project gets copyright assignments from its contributors, so as to make
-the records of authorship more accurate.
+the records of authorship more accurate. For that reason, we recommend
+to keep change logs for Texinfo sources of your project's manuals.
6.8.4 Conditional Changes
-------------------------
@@ -5391,235 +5564,241 @@
* Menu:
-* #endif, commenting: Comments. (line 2450)
-* --help output: --help. (line 1018)
-* --version output: --version. (line 867)
+* #endif, commenting: Comments. (line 2451)
+* --help output: --help. (line 1019)
+* --version output: --version. (line 868)
* -Wall compiler option: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2483)
-* accepting contributions: Contributions. (line 184)
-* address for bug reports: --help. (line 1023)
-* ANSI C standard: Standard C. (line 354)
-* arbitrary limits on data: Semantics. (line 513)
-* ASCII characters: Character Set. (line 2905)
-* autoconf: System Portability. (line 2656)
+ (line 2484)
+* accepting contributions: Contributions. (line 185)
+* address for bug reports: --help. (line 1024)
+* ANSI C standard: Standard C. (line 355)
+* arbitrary limits on data: Semantics. (line 514)
+* ASCII characters: Character Set. (line 2906)
+* autoconf: System Portability. (line 2657)
* avoiding proprietary code: Reading Non-Free Code.
- (line 150)
-* batch of changes: Change Log Concepts.
- (line 3244)
-* behavior, dependent on program's name: User Interfaces. (line 698)
+ (line 151)
+* batch of changes, in a change log: Change Log Concepts.
+ (line 3298)
+* behavior, dependent on program's name: User Interfaces. (line 699)
* binary packages: Install Command Categories.
- (line 4666)
+ (line 4839)
* bindir: Directory Variables.
- (line 4000)
-* braces, in C source: Formatting. (line 2266)
-* bug reports: --help. (line 1023)
-* bug-standards@gnu.org email address: Preface. (line 113)
-* C compatibility: Compatibility. (line 291)
-* C library functions, and portability: System Functions. (line 2754)
-* canonical name of a program: --version. (line 873)
-* casting pointers to integers: CPU Portability. (line 2742)
+ (line 4173)
+* braces, in C source: Formatting. (line 2267)
+* bug reports: --help. (line 1024)
+* bug-standards@gnu.org email address: Preface. (line 114)
+* C compatibility: Compatibility. (line 292)
+* C library functions, and portability: System Functions. (line 2755)
+* canonical name of a program: --version. (line 874)
+* casting pointers to integers: CPU Portability. (line 2743)
* CGI programs, standard options for: Command-Line Interfaces.
- (line 858)
-* change logs: Change Logs. (line 3233)
+ (line 859)
+* change logs: Change Logs. (line 3234)
* change logs, conditional changes: Conditional Changes.
- (line 3385)
+ (line 3558)
* change logs, style: Style of Change Logs.
- (line 3294)
-* change set: Change Log Concepts.
- (line 3244)
-* character set: Character Set. (line 2905)
+ (line 3406)
+* changeset, in a change log: Change Log Concepts.
+ (line 3298)
+* character set: Character Set. (line 2906)
* clang: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2490)
-* command-line arguments, decoding: Semantics. (line 544)
+ (line 2491)
+* command-line arguments, decoding: Semantics. (line 545)
* command-line interface: Command-Line Interfaces.
- (line 833)
-* commenting: Comments. (line 2396)
-* compatibility with C and POSIX standards: Compatibility. (line 291)
+ (line 834)
+* commenting: Comments. (line 2397)
+* compatibility with C and POSIX standards: Compatibility. (line 292)
* compiler warnings: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2483)
+ (line 2484)
* conditional changes, and change logs: Conditional Changes.
- (line 3385)
-* conditionals, comments for: Comments. (line 2450)
-* configure: Configuration. (line 3517)
-* control-L: Formatting. (line 2388)
+ (line 3558)
+* conditionals, comments for: Comments. (line 2451)
+* configure: Configuration. (line 3690)
+* control-L: Formatting. (line 2389)
* conventions for makefiles: Makefile Conventions.
- (line 3695)
+ (line 3868)
* CORBA: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 817)
-* credits for manuals: Manual Credits. (line 3198)
+ (line 818)
+* credits for manuals: Manual Credits. (line 3199)
* D-bus: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 817)
-* data structures, in Gnulib: System Functions. (line 2792)
-* data types, and portability: CPU Portability. (line 2695)
+ (line 818)
+* data structures, in Gnulib: System Functions. (line 2793)
+* data types, and portability: CPU Portability. (line 2696)
* description, change log entry: Change Log Concepts.
- (line 3252)
-* DESTDIR: DESTDIR. (line 3905)
+ (line 3314)
+* DESTDIR: DESTDIR. (line 4078)
* directories, creating installation: Directory Variables.
- (line 3963)
-* documentation: Documentation. (line 2970)
-* doschk: Names. (line 2625)
-* double quote: Quote Characters. (line 2921)
-* downloading this manual: Preface. (line 97)
+ (line 4136)
+* documentation: Documentation. (line 2971)
+* doschk: Names. (line 2626)
+* double quote: Quote Characters. (line 2922)
+* downloading this manual: Preface. (line 98)
* dynamic plug-ins: Dynamic Plug-In Interfaces.
- (line 1037)
-* encodings: Character Set. (line 2905)
-* enum types, formatting: Formatting. (line 2305)
-* error messages: Semantics. (line 523)
-* error messages, formatting: Errors. (line 633)
-* error messages, in Gnulib: System Functions. (line 2792)
+ (line 1038)
+* encodings: Character Set. (line 2906)
+* enum types, formatting: Formatting. (line 2306)
+* error messages: Semantics. (line 524)
+* error messages, formatting: Errors. (line 634)
+* error messages, in Gnulib: System Functions. (line 2793)
* exec_prefix: Directory Variables.
- (line 3982)
-* expressions, splitting: Formatting. (line 2351)
+ (line 4155)
+* expressions, splitting: Formatting. (line 2352)
* FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: GNU Free Documentation License.
- (line 4912)
-* file usage: File Usage. (line 2241)
-* file-name limitations: Names. (line 2625)
-* formatting error messages: Errors. (line 633)
-* formatting source code: Formatting. (line 2263)
-* formfeed: Formatting. (line 2388)
+ (line 5085)
+* file usage: File Usage. (line 2242)
+* file-name limitations: Names. (line 2626)
+* formatting error messages: Errors. (line 634)
+* formatting source code: Formatting. (line 2264)
+* formfeed: Formatting. (line 2389)
* function argument, declaring: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2479)
-* function definitions, formatting: Formatting. (line 2266)
-* function prototypes: Standard C. (line 370)
+ (line 2480)
+* function definitions, formatting: Formatting. (line 2267)
+* function prototypes: Standard C. (line 371)
* getopt: Command-Line Interfaces.
- (line 833)
+ (line 834)
* gettext: Internationalization.
- (line 2810)
+ (line 2811)
* GNOME: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 817)
-* GNOME and Guile: Source Language. (line 280)
-* Gnulib: System Functions. (line 2785)
-* gnustandards project repository: Preface. (line 113)
-* gnustandards-commit@gnu.org mailing list: Preface. (line 107)
+ (line 818)
+* GNOME and Guile: Source Language. (line 281)
+* Gnulib: System Functions. (line 2786)
+* gnustandards project repository: Preface. (line 114)
+* gnustandards-commit@gnu.org mailing list: Preface. (line 108)
* GNUstep: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 806)
+ (line 807)
* graphical user interface: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 806)
-* grave accent: Quote Characters. (line 2921)
+ (line 807)
+* grave accent: Quote Characters. (line 2922)
* GTK+: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 806)
-* Guile: Source Language. (line 280)
+ (line 807)
+* Guile: Source Language. (line 281)
+* header line, change log entry: Change Log Concepts.
+ (line 3306)
* implicit int: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2479)
-* impossible conditions: Semantics. (line 570)
+ (line 2480)
+* impossible conditions: Semantics. (line 571)
* installation directories, creating: Directory Variables.
- (line 3963)
-* installations, staged: DESTDIR. (line 3905)
+ (line 4136)
+* installations, staged: DESTDIR. (line 4078)
* interface styles: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 806)
+ (line 807)
* internationalization: Internationalization.
- (line 2810)
+ (line 2811)
* keyboard interface: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 817)
-* LDAP: OID Allocations. (line 2157)
-* left quote: Quote Characters. (line 2921)
-* legal aspects: Legal Issues. (line 144)
-* legal papers: Contributions. (line 184)
-* length of source lines: Formatting. (line 2263)
+ (line 818)
+* LDAP: OID Allocations. (line 2158)
+* left quote: Quote Characters. (line 2922)
+* legal aspects: Legal Issues. (line 145)
+* legal papers: Contributions. (line 185)
+* length of source lines: Formatting. (line 2264)
* libexecdir: Directory Variables.
- (line 4013)
-* libiconv: Semantics. (line 518)
-* libraries: Libraries. (line 605)
-* library functions, and portability: System Functions. (line 2754)
+ (line 4186)
+* libiconv: Semantics. (line 519)
+* libraries: Libraries. (line 606)
+* library functions, and portability: System Functions. (line 2755)
* library interface: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 817)
+ (line 818)
* license for manuals: License for Manuals.
- (line 3179)
-* line length: Formatting. (line 2263)
+ (line 3180)
+* line length: Formatting. (line 2264)
* lint: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2490)
-* locale-specific quote characters: Quote Characters. (line 2921)
-* long option names: Option Table. (line 1069)
+ (line 2491)
+* locale-specific quote characters: Quote Characters. (line 2922)
+* long option names: Option Table. (line 1070)
* long-named options: Command-Line Interfaces.
- (line 839)
+ (line 840)
* makefile, conventions for: Makefile Conventions.
- (line 3695)
-* malloc return value: Semantics. (line 529)
-* man pages: Man Pages. (line 3447)
+ (line 3868)
+* malloc return value: Semantics. (line 530)
+* man pages: Man Pages. (line 3620)
* manual structure: Manual Structure Details.
- (line 3152)
-* memory allocation failure: Semantics. (line 529)
-* memory leak: Memory Usage. (line 2233)
-* memory usage: Memory Usage. (line 2216)
+ (line 3153)
+* memory allocation failure: Semantics. (line 530)
+* memory leak: Memory Usage. (line 2234)
+* memory usage: Memory Usage. (line 2217)
* message text, and internationalization: Internationalization.
- (line 2833)
-* mmap: Mmap. (line 2953)
+ (line 2834)
+* mmap: Mmap. (line 2954)
* multiple variables in a line: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2516)
-* names of variables, functions, and files: Names. (line 2593)
-* NEWS file: NEWS File. (line 3219)
-* non-ASCII characters: Character Set. (line 2905)
-* non-POSIX systems, and portability: System Portability. (line 2665)
-* non-standard extensions: Using Extensions. (line 323)
-* NUL characters: Semantics. (line 518)
-* OID allocations for GNU: OID Allocations. (line 2157)
-* open brace: Formatting. (line 2266)
-* opening quote: Quote Characters. (line 2921)
-* optional features, configure-time: Configuration. (line 3609)
-* options for compatibility: Compatibility. (line 299)
+ (line 2517)
+* names of variables, functions, and files: Names. (line 2594)
+* NEWS file: NEWS File. (line 3220)
+* non-ASCII characters: Character Set. (line 2906)
+* non-POSIX systems, and portability: System Portability. (line 2666)
+* non-standard extensions: Using Extensions. (line 324)
+* NUL characters: Semantics. (line 519)
+* OID allocations for GNU: OID Allocations. (line 2158)
+* open brace: Formatting. (line 2267)
+* opening quote: Quote Characters. (line 2922)
+* optional features, configure-time: Configuration. (line 3782)
+* options for compatibility: Compatibility. (line 300)
* options, standard command-line: Command-Line Interfaces.
- (line 858)
-* output device and program's behavior: User Interfaces. (line 709)
-* packaging: Releases. (line 4693)
+ (line 859)
+* output device and program's behavior: User Interfaces. (line 710)
+* packaging: Releases. (line 4866)
* PATH_INFO, specifying standard options as: Command-Line Interfaces.
- (line 858)
+ (line 859)
* plug-ins: Dynamic Plug-In Interfaces.
- (line 1037)
+ (line 1038)
* plugin_is_GPL_compatible: Dynamic Plug-In Interfaces.
- (line 1048)
-* portability, and data types: CPU Portability. (line 2695)
-* portability, and library functions: System Functions. (line 2754)
-* portability, between system types: System Portability. (line 2639)
-* POSIX compatibility: Compatibility. (line 291)
-* POSIX functions, and portability: System Functions. (line 2754)
-* POSIXLY_CORRECT, environment variable: Compatibility. (line 306)
+ (line 1049)
+* portability, and data types: CPU Portability. (line 2696)
+* portability, and library functions: System Functions. (line 2755)
+* portability, between system types: System Portability. (line 2640)
+* POSIX compatibility: Compatibility. (line 292)
+* POSIX functions, and portability: System Functions. (line 2755)
+* POSIXLY_CORRECT, environment variable: Compatibility. (line 307)
* post-installation commands: Install Command Categories.
- (line 4592)
+ (line 4765)
* pre-installation commands: Install Command Categories.
- (line 4592)
+ (line 4765)
* prefix: Directory Variables.
- (line 3972)
-* program configuration: Configuration. (line 3517)
-* program design: Design Advice. (line 256)
-* program name and its behavior: User Interfaces. (line 698)
-* program's canonical name: --version. (line 873)
-* programming languages: Source Language. (line 262)
+ (line 4145)
+* program configuration: Configuration. (line 3690)
+* program design: Design Advice. (line 257)
+* program name and its behavior: User Interfaces. (line 699)
+* program's canonical name: --version. (line 874)
+* programming languages: Source Language. (line 263)
* proprietary programs: Reading Non-Free Code.
- (line 150)
-* quote characters: Quote Characters. (line 2921)
-* README file: Releases. (line 4708)
-* references to non-free material: References. (line 4777)
-* releasing: Managing Releases. (line 3506)
-* right quote: Quote Characters. (line 2921)
-* Savannah repository for gnustandards: Preface. (line 113)
+ (line 151)
+* quote characters: Quote Characters. (line 2922)
+* README file: Releases. (line 4881)
+* references to non-free material: References. (line 4950)
+* releasing: Managing Releases. (line 3679)
+* right quote: Quote Characters. (line 2922)
+* Savannah repository for gnustandards: Preface. (line 114)
* sbindir: Directory Variables.
- (line 4006)
-* signal handling: Semantics. (line 559)
-* single quote: Quote Characters. (line 2921)
-* SNMP: OID Allocations. (line 2157)
-* spaces before open-paren: Formatting. (line 2345)
-* staged installs: DESTDIR. (line 3905)
+ (line 4179)
+* signal handling: Semantics. (line 560)
+* single quote: Quote Characters. (line 2922)
+* SNMP: OID Allocations. (line 2158)
+* software forensics, and change logs: Change Logs. (line 3243)
+* spaces before open-paren: Formatting. (line 2346)
+* staged installs: DESTDIR. (line 4078)
* standard command-line options: Command-Line Interfaces.
- (line 858)
+ (line 859)
* standards for makefiles: Makefile Conventions.
- (line 3695)
-* struct types, formatting: Formatting. (line 2305)
+ (line 3868)
+* struct types, formatting: Formatting. (line 2306)
* syntactic conventions: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2479)
-* table of long options: Option Table. (line 1069)
-* temporary files: Semantics. (line 584)
+ (line 2480)
+* table of long options: Option Table. (line 1070)
+* temporary files: Semantics. (line 585)
* temporary variables: Syntactic Conventions.
- (line 2504)
-* texinfo.tex, in a distribution: Releases. (line 4765)
+ (line 2505)
+* texinfo.tex, in a distribution: Releases. (line 4938)
* title, change log entry: Change Log Concepts.
- (line 3252)
-* TMPDIR environment variable: Semantics. (line 584)
-* trademarks: Trademarks. (line 228)
+ (line 3306)
+* TMPDIR environment variable: Semantics. (line 585)
+* trademarks: Trademarks. (line 229)
* user interface styles: Graphical Interfaces.
- (line 806)
-* valgrind: Memory Usage. (line 2233)
-* version numbers, for releases: Releases. (line 4693)
-* where to obtain standards.texi: Preface. (line 97)
-* X.509: OID Allocations. (line 2157)
-* xmalloc, in Gnulib: System Functions. (line 2792)
+ (line 807)
+* valgrind: Memory Usage. (line 2234)
+* VCS: Change Logs. (line 3268)
+* version control system, for keeping change logs: Change Logs.
+ (line 3268)
+* version numbers, for releases: Releases. (line 4866)
+* where to obtain standards.texi: Preface. (line 98)
+* X.509: OID Allocations. (line 2158)
+* xmalloc, in Gnulib: System Functions. (line 2793)
Index: standards.txt.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/standards.txt.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.95
retrieving revision 1.96
diff -u -b -r1.95 -r1.96
Binary files /var/tmp/cvsysv9Ca and /var/tmp/cvs2V7Gax differ
Index: html_node/CPU-Portability.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/CPU-Portability.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
retrieving revision 1.83
diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/CPU-Portability.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/CPU-Portability.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:08 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
retrieving revision 1.83
diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:08 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -68,40 +68,42 @@
Next: <a href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#Style-of-Change-Logs" accesskey="n"
rel="next">Style of Change Logs</a>, Up: <a href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs"
accesskey="u" rel="up">Change Logs</a> [<a
href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents"
rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html#Index" title="Index"
rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
</div>
<hr>
-<a name="Change-Log-Concepts-1"></a>
-<h4 class="subsection">6.8.1 Change Log Concepts</h4>
+<a name="Change-Log-Concepts-and-Conventions"></a>
+<h4 class="subsection">6.8.1 Change Log Concepts and Conventions</h4>
-<a name="index-change-set"></a>
-<a name="index-batch-of-changes"></a>
+<a name="index-changeset_002c-in-a-change-log"></a>
+<a name="index-batch-of-changes_002c-in-a-change-log"></a>
<p>You can think of the change log as a conceptual “undo list”
which
states how earlier versions were different from the current version.
People can see the current version; they don’t need the change log to
tell them what is in it. What they want from a change log is a clear
explanation of how the earlier version differed. Each <em>entry</em> in
a change log describes either an individual change or the smallest
-batch of changes that belong together, also known as a <em>change
-set</em>.
+batch of changes that belong together, also known as a <em>changeset</em>.
</p>
<a name="index-title_002c-change-log-entry"></a>
+<a name="index-header-line_002c-change-log-entry"></a>
+<p>It is a good idea to start the change log entry with a <em>header
+line</em>: a single line that is a complete sentence which summarizes the
+changeset. If you keep the change log in a <acronym>VCS</acronym>, this
+should be a requirement, as <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands that show the
+change log in abbreviated form, such as <kbd>git log --oneline</kbd>, treat
+the header line specially. (In a <samp>ChangeLog</samp> file, the header
+line follows a line that says who was the author of the change and
+when it was installed.)
+</p>
<a name="index-description_002c-change-log-entry"></a>
-<p>It is a good idea to start the change log entry with a description
-of the overall change. This should be as long as needed to give
-a clear description.
-</p>
-<p>Then give a list of names of the entities or definitions that you
-changed, according to the files they are in, and what was changed
-in each one. See <a
href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#Style-of-Change-Logs">Style of Change Logs</a>.
-</p>
-<p>The change log file is normally called <samp>ChangeLog</samp> and covers an
-entire directory. Each directory can have its own change log, or a
-directory can use the change log of its parent directory—it’s up to
-you.
-</p>
-<p>Instead of using a file named <samp>ChangeLog</samp>, you can record the
-change log information as log entries in a version control system such
-as RCS or CVS. This can be converted automatically to a
-<samp>ChangeLog</samp> file using <code>rcs2log</code>; in Emacs, the command
-<kbd>C-x v a</kbd> (<code>vc-update-change-log</code>) does the job.
+<p>Follow the change log entry’s header line with a description of the
+overall change. This should be as long as needed to give a clear
+description. Pay special attention to aspects of the changeset not
+easily gleaned from the diffs or from the names of modified files and
+functions: the overall idea of the change and the need for it, and the
+relations, if any, between changes made to different files/functions.
+If the change or its reasons were discussed on some public forum, such
+as the project’s issue tracker or mailing list, it is a good idea to
+summarize the main points of that discussion in the change’s
+description, and include a pointer to that discussion or the issue ID
+for those who’d like to read it in full.
</p>
<p>The best place to explain how parts of the new code work with other code
is in comments in the code, not in the change log.
@@ -116,14 +118,73 @@
explanation.)
</p>
<p>The best place for other kinds of explanation of the change is in the
-change log entry.
-</p>
-<p>The easiest way to add an entry to <samp>ChangeLog</samp> is with the Emacs
-command <kbd>M-x add-change-log-entry</kbd>. An individual change should
-have an asterisk, the name of the changed file, and then in
-parentheses the name of the changed functions, variables or whatever,
-followed by a colon. Then describe the changes you made to that
-function or variable.
+change log entry. In particular, comments usually will not say why
+some code was deleted or moved to another place—that belongs to the
+description of the change which did that.
+</p>
+<p>Following the free-text description of the change, it is a good idea
+to give a list of names of the entities or definitions that you
+changed, according to the files they are in, and what was changed in
+each one. See <a href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#Style-of-Change-Logs">Style
of Change Logs</a>. If a project uses a modern
+<acronym>VCS</acronym> to keep the change log information, as described in
+<a href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a>, explicitly listing the
files and functions that
+were changed is not strictly necessary, and in some cases (like
+identical mechanical changes in many places) even tedious. It is up
+to you to decide whether to allow your project’s developers to omit
+the list of changed files and functions from the log entries, and
+whether to allow such omissions under some specific conditions.
+However, while making this decision, please consider the following
+benefits of providing the list of changed entities with each change:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li> Generation of useful <samp>ChangeLog</samp> files from
<acronym>VCS</acronym> logs
+becomes more difficult if the change log entries don’t list the
+modified functions/macros, because <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands cannot
+reliably reproduce their names from the commit information alone. For
+example, when there is a change in the header part of a function
+definition, the heading of the diff hunk as shown in the VCS log
+commands will name the wrong function as being modified (usually, the
+function defined before the one being modified), so using those diffs
+to glean the names of the modified functions will produce inaccurate
+results. You will need to use specialized scripts, such as gnulib’s
+<samp>vcs-to-changelog.py</samp>, mentioned below, to solve these
+difficulties, and make sure it supports the source languages used by
+your project.
+
+</li><li> While modern <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands, such as Git’s
<kbd>git log -L</kbd>
+and <kbd>git log -G</kbd>, provide powerful means for finding changes that
+affected a certain function or macro or data structure (and thus might
+make <samp>ChangeLog</samp> files unnecessary if you have the repository
+available), they can sometimes fail. For example, <kbd>git log -L</kbd>
+doesn’t support syntax of some programming languages out of the box.
+Mentioning the modified functions/macros explicitly allows finding the
+related changes simply and reliably.
+
+</li><li> Some <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands have difficulties or
limitations when
+tracking changes across file moves or renames. Again, if the entities
+are mentioned explicitly, those difficulties can be overcome.
+
+</li><li> Users that review changes using the generated <samp>ChangeLog</samp>
files
+may not have the repository and the <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands available
+to them. Naming the modified entities alleviates that problem.
+</li></ul>
+
+<p>For these reasons, providing lists of modified files and functions
+with each change makes the change logs more useful, and we therefore
+recommend to include them whenever possible and practical.
+</p>
+<p>It is also possible to generate the lists naming the modified entities
+by running a script. One such script is <samp>mklog.py</samp> (written in
+Python 3); it is used by the <code>GCC</code> project. Gnulib provides
+another variant of such a script, called <samp>vcs-to-changelog.py</samp>,
+part of the <code>vcs-to-changelog</code> module. Note that these scripts
+currently support fewer programming languages than the manual commands
+provided by Emacs (see <a
href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#Style-of-Change-Logs">Style of Change
Logs</a>). Therefore, the
+above mentioned method of generating the <code>ChangeLog</code> file from
+the <acronym>VCS</acronym> commit history, for instance via the
+<code>gitlog-to-changelog</code> script, usually gives better
+results—provided that the contributors stick to providing good
+commit messages.
</p>
<hr>
<div class="header">
Index: html_node/Change-Logs.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Change-Logs.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
retrieving revision 1.83
diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Change-Logs.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Change-Logs.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -78,7 +78,69 @@
Often a new bug can be found by looking at what was recently changed.
More importantly, change logs can help you eliminate conceptual
inconsistencies between different parts of a program, by giving you a
-history of how the conflicting concepts arose and who they came from.
+history of how the conflicting concepts arose, who they came from, and
+why the conflicting changes were made.
+</p>
+<a name="index-software-forensics_002c-and-change-logs"></a>
+<p>Therefore, change logs should be detailed enough and accurate enough
+to provide the information commonly required for such <em>software
+forensics</em>. Specifically, change logs should make finding answers to
+the following questions easy:
+</p>
+<ul>
+<li> What changes affected a particular source file?
+
+</li><li> Was a particular source file renamed or moved, and if so, as part of
+what change?
+
+</li><li> What changes affected a given function or macro or definition of a
+data structure?
+
+</li><li> Was a function (or a macro or the definition of a data structure)
+renamed or moved from another file, and if so, as part of which
+change?
+
+</li><li> What changes deleted a function (or macro or data structure)?
+
+</li><li> What was the rationale for a given change, and what were its main
+ideas?
+
+</li><li> Is there any additional information regarding the change, and if so,
+where can it be found?
+</li></ul>
+
+<a name="index-VCS"></a>
+<a name="index-version-control-system_002c-for-keeping-change-logs"></a>
+<p>Historically, change logs were maintained on specially formatted
+files. Nowadays, projects commonly keep their source files under a
+<em>version control system</em> (<acronym>VCS</acronym>), such as Git,
+Subversion, or Mercurial. If the <acronym>VCS</acronym> repository is publicly
+accessible, and changes are committed to it separately (one commit for
+each logical changeset) and record the authors of each change, then
+the information recorded by the <acronym>VCS</acronym> can be used to produce
+the change logs out of <acronym>VCS</acronym> logs, and to answer the above
+questions by using the suitable <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands. (However, the
+<acronym>VCS</acronym> log messages still need to provide some supporting
+information, as described below.) Projects that maintain such
+<acronym>VCS</acronym> repositories can decide not to maintain separate change
+log files, and instead rely on the <acronym>VCS</acronym> to keep the change
+logs.
+</p>
+<p>If you decide not to maintain separate change log files, you should
+still consider providing them in the release tarballs, for the benefit
+of users who’d like to review the change logs without accessing the
+project’s <acronym>VCS</acronym> repository. Scripts exist that can
produce
+<samp>ChangeLog</samp> files from the <acronym>VCS</acronym> logs; for
example, the
+<samp>gitlog-to-changelog</samp> script, which is part of Gnulib, can do
+that for Git repositories. In Emacs, the command <kbd>C-x v a</kbd>
+(<code>vc-update-change-log</code>) does the job of incrementally updating a
+<samp>ChangeLog</samp> file from the <acronym>VCS</acronym> logs.
+</p>
+<p>If separate change log files <em>are</em> maintained, they are normally
+called <samp>ChangeLog</samp>, and each such file covers an entire
+directory. Each directory can have its own change log file, or a
+directory can use the change log of its parent directory—it’s up to
+you.
</p>
<table class="menu" border="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">• <a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts" accesskey="1">Change Log
Concepts</a>:</td><td> </td><td align="left" valign="top">
@@ -93,6 +155,11 @@
</td></tr>
</table>
+<hr>
+<div class="header">
+<p>
+Next: <a href="Man-Pages.html#Man-Pages" accesskey="n" rel="next">Man
Pages</a>, Previous: <a href="NEWS-File.html#NEWS-File" accesskey="p"
rel="prev">NEWS File</a>, Up: <a href="Documentation.html#Documentation"
accesskey="u" rel="up">Documentation</a> [<a
href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents"
rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html#Index" title="Index"
rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
+</div>
Index: html_node/Character-Set.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Character-Set.html,v
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--- html_node/Character-Set.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.74
+++ html_node/Character-Set.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.75
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Command-Variables.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Command-Variables.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Command-Variables.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html,v
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diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000
1.82
+++ html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000
1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Comments.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Comments.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Comments.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Compatibility.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Compatibility.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Compatibility.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
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"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Conditional-Changes.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Conditional-Changes.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Conditional-Changes.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html,v
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1.82
+++ html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000
1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Configuration.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.84
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--- html_node/Configuration.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.84
+++ html_node/Configuration.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.85
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Contributions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Contributions.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Contributions.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Contributions.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/DESTDIR.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/DESTDIR.html,v
retrieving revision 1.71
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--- html_node/DESTDIR.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.71
+++ html_node/DESTDIR.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.72
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Design-Advice.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Design-Advice.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Design-Advice.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Directory-Variables.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Directory-Variables.html,v
retrieving revision 1.87
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diff -u -b -r1.87 -r1.88
--- html_node/Directory-Variables.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.87
+++ html_node/Directory-Variables.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.88
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html,v
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1.82
+++ html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000
1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Documentation.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Documentation.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Documentation.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Dynamic-Plug_002dIn-Interfaces.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Dynamic-Plug_002dIn-Interfaces.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21
-0000 1.41
+++ html_node/Dynamic-Plug_002dIn-Interfaces.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09
-0000 1.42
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Errors.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Errors.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Errors.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/File-Usage.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/File-Usage.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/File-Usage.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Finding-Program-Files.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Finding-Program-Files.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000
1.2
+++ html_node/Finding-Program-Files.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000
1.3
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
the working directory that was current when the program started.
</p>
<p>If this procedure finds the executable, we call the directory it was
-found in the <em>iinvocation directory</em>. The program should check
+found in the <em>invocation directory</em>. The program should check
for the presence in that directory of the associated files it needs.
</p>
<p>If the program’s executable is normally built in a subdirectory of the
Index: html_node/Formatting.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Formatting.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Formatting.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html
===================================================================
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/webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html,v
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--- html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21
-0000 1.84
+++ html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09
-0000 1.85
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/GNU-Manuals.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.83
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--- html_node/GNU-Manuals.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.83
+++ html_node/GNU-Manuals.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.84
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
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diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Index.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Index.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
retrieving revision 1.83
diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Index.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Index.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -88,6 +88,8 @@
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-G"><b>G</b></a>
+<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-H"><b>H</b></a>
+
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-I"><b>I</b></a>
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-K"><b>K</b></a>
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html#index-avoiding-proprietary-code">avoiding
proprietary code</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html#Reading-Non_002dFree-Code">Reading
Non-Free Code</a></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-B">B</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#index-batch-of-changes">batch of
changes</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log
Concepts</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#index-batch-of-changes_002c-in-a-change-log">batch
of changes, in a change log</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log
Concepts</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="User-Interfaces.html#index-behavior_002c-dependent-on-program_0027s-name">behavior,
dependent on program’s name</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="User-Interfaces.html#User-Interfaces">User Interfaces</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Install-Command-Categories.html#index-binary-packages">binary
packages</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Install-Command-Categories.html#Install-Command-Categories">Install
Command Categories</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Directory-Variables.html#index-bindir"><code>bindir</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="Directory-Variables.html#Directory-Variables">Directory
Variables</a></td></tr>
@@ -157,7 +159,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Logs.html#index-change-logs">change
logs</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Conditional-Changes.html#index-change-logs_002c-conditional-changes">change
logs, conditional changes</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Conditional-Changes.html#Conditional-Changes">Conditional
Changes</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#index-change-logs_002c-style">change logs,
style</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#Style-of-Change-Logs">Style of Change
Logs</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#index-change-set">change
set</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log
Concepts</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#index-changeset_002c-in-a-change-log">changeset,
in a change log</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log
Concepts</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Character-Set.html#index-character-set">character
set</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Character-Set.html#Character-Set">Character Set</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#index-clang"><code>clang</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a
href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#Syntactic-Conventions">Syntactic
Conventions</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Semantics.html#index-command_002dline-arguments_002c-decoding">command-line
arguments, decoding</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Semantics.html#Semantics">Semantics</a></td></tr>
@@ -220,6 +222,9 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Graphical-Interfaces.html#index-GTK_002b">GTK+</a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a
href="Graphical-Interfaces.html#Graphical-Interfaces">Graphical
Interfaces</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Source-Language.html#index-Guile">Guile</a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="Source-Language.html#Source-Language">Source
Language</a></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-H">H</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#index-header-line_002c-change-log-entry">header
line, change log entry</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts">Change Log
Concepts</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-I">I</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#index-implicit-int">implicit
<code>int</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#Syntactic-Conventions">Syntactic
Conventions</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Semantics.html#index-impossible-conditions">impossible
conditions</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Semantics.html#Semantics">Semantics</a></td></tr>
@@ -314,6 +319,7 @@
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Semantics.html#index-signal-handling">signal
handling</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Semantics.html#Semantics">Semantics</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Quote-Characters.html#index-single-quote">single
quote</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Quote-Characters.html#Quote-Characters">Quote Characters</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="OID-Allocations.html#index-SNMP">SNMP</a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="OID-Allocations.html#OID-Allocations">OID
Allocations</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Logs.html#index-software-forensics_002c-and-change-logs">software
forensics, and change logs</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Formatting.html#index-spaces-before-open_002dparen">spaces before
open-paren</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Formatting.html#Formatting">Formatting</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="DESTDIR.html#index-staged-installs">staged
installs</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="DESTDIR.html#DESTDIR">DESTDIR</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#index-standard-command_002dline-options">standard
command-line options</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></td></tr>
@@ -335,6 +341,8 @@
<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-V">V</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Memory-Usage.html#index-valgrind"><code>valgrind</code></a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="Memory-Usage.html#Memory-Usage">Memory
Usage</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Logs.html#index-VCS">VCS</a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Change-Logs.html#index-version-control-system_002c-for-keeping-change-logs">version
control system, for keeping change logs</a>:</td><td> </td><td
valign="top"><a href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td valign="top"><a
href="Releases.html#index-version-numbers_002c-for-releases">version numbers,
for releases</a>:</td><td> </td><td valign="top"><a
href="Releases.html#Releases">Releases</a></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"> <hr></td></tr>
<tr><th><a name="Index_cp_letter-W">W</a></th><td></td><td></td></tr>
@@ -364,6 +372,8 @@
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-G"><b>G</b></a>
+<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-H"><b>H</b></a>
+
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-I"><b>I</b></a>
<a class="summary-letter" href="#Index_cp_letter-K"><b>K</b></a>
Index: html_node/Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html
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1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Install-Command-Categories.html
===================================================================
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1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Internationalization.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Internationalization.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Internationalization.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Legal-Issues.html
===================================================================
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@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Libraries.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Libraries.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Libraries.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/License-for-Manuals.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/License-for-Manuals.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/License-for-Manuals.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Makefile-Basics.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Makefile-Basics.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Makefile-Basics.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.87
+++ html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.88
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Man-Pages.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Man-Pages.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Man-Pages.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Managing-Releases.html
===================================================================
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@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Manual-Credits.html
===================================================================
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@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Manual-Structure-Details.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
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1.83
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Memory-Usage.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Memory-Usage.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
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@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Mmap.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Mmap.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
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--- html_node/Mmap.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Mmap.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/NEWS-File.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/NEWS-File.html,v
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+++ html_node/NEWS-File.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Names.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Names.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Names.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:09 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Non_002dGNU-Standards.html
===================================================================
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1.72
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1.73
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/OID-Allocations.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/OID-Allocations.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.57
+++ html_node/OID-Allocations.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.58
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Option-Table.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Option-Table.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Option-Table.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Preface.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Preface.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:21 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Preface.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
<a
href="https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/hello.html";>https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/hello.html</a>.
</p>
<p>This release of the GNU Coding Standards was last updated
-November 17, 2019.
+June 12, 2020.
</p>
<hr>
Index: html_node/Printed-Manuals.html
===================================================================
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Program-Behavior.html
===================================================================
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--- html_node/Program-Behavior.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Program-Behavior.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Quote-Characters.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Quote-Characters.html,v
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--- html_node/Quote-Characters.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.74
+++ html_node/Quote-Characters.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.75
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html,v
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1.82
+++ html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000
1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Reading-other-Manuals.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Reading-other-Manuals.html,v
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--- html_node/Reading-other-Manuals.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000
1.82
+++ html_node/Reading-other-Manuals.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000
1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/References.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/References.html,v
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--- html_node/References.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/References.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Releases.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Releases.html,v
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--- html_node/Releases.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Releases.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Semantics.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Semantics.html,v
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--- html_node/Semantics.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Semantics.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Simple-Changes.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Simple-Changes.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
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diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Simple-Changes.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Simple-Changes.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -74,6 +74,15 @@
<p>Certain simple kinds of changes don’t need much detail in the change
log.
</p>
+<p>If the description of the change is short enough, it can serve as its
+own header line:
+</p>
+<div class="example">
+<pre class="example">2019-08-29 Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
+
+ * lisp/simple.el (kill-do-not-save-duplicates): Doc fix. (Bug#36827)
+</pre></div>
+
<p>When you change the calling sequence of a function in a simple fashion,
and you change all the callers of the function to use the new calling
sequence, there is no need to make individual entries for all the
@@ -89,6 +98,22 @@
entry for the file, without mentioning the functions. Just “Doc
fixes” is enough for the change log.
</p>
+<p>When you make changes in many files that follow mechanically from one
+underlying change, it is enough to describe the underlying change.
+Here’s an example of a change that affects all of the files in the
+repository:
+</p>
+<div class="example">
+<pre class="example">2019-01-07 Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
+
+ Update copyright year to 2019
+
+ Run 'TZ=UTC0 admin/update-copyright $(git ls-files)'.
+</pre></div>
+
+<p>Test suite files are part of the software, so we recommend treating
+them as code for change-log purposes.
+</p>
<p>There’s no technical need to make change log entries for non-software
files (manuals, help files, media files, etc.). This is because they
are not susceptible to bugs that are hard to understand. To correct
@@ -97,8 +122,15 @@
</p>
<p>However, you should keep change logs for non-software files when the
project gets copyright assignments from its contributors, so as to
-make the records of authorship more accurate.
+make the records of authorship more accurate. For that reason, we
+recommend to keep change logs for Texinfo sources of your project’s
+manuals.
</p>
+<hr>
+<div class="header">
+<p>
+Next: <a href="Conditional-Changes.html#Conditional-Changes" accesskey="n"
rel="next">Conditional Changes</a>, Previous: <a
href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#Style-of-Change-Logs" accesskey="p"
rel="prev">Style of Change Logs</a>, Up: <a href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs"
accesskey="u" rel="up">Change Logs</a> [<a
href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents"
rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Index.html#Index" title="Index"
rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
+</div>
Index: html_node/Source-Language.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Source-Language.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
retrieving revision 1.83
diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Source-Language.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Source-Language.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Standard-C.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Standard-C.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
retrieving revision 1.83
diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Standard-C.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Standard-C.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Standard-Targets.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Standard-Targets.html,v
retrieving revision 1.85
retrieving revision 1.86
diff -u -b -r1.85 -r1.86
--- html_node/Standard-Targets.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.85
+++ html_node/Standard-Targets.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.86
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
retrieving revision 1.83
diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -75,30 +75,47 @@
<p>Here are some simple examples of change log entries, starting with the
header line that says who made the change and when it was installed,
followed by descriptions of specific changes. (These examples are
-drawn from Emacs and GCC.)
+drawn from Emacs.) Keep in mind that the line which shows the date of
+the change and the author’s name and email address is needed only in a
+separate <samp>ChangeLog</samp> file, not when the change logs are kept in a
+<acronym>VCS</acronym>.
</p>
<div class="example">
-<pre class="example">1998-08-17 Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
+<pre class="example">2019-08-29 Noam Postavsky <npostavs@gmail.com>
-* register.el (insert-register): Return nil.
-(jump-to-register): Likewise.
+ Handle completely undecoded input in term (Bug#29918)
-* sort.el (sort-subr): Return nil.
+ * lisp/term.el (term-emulate-terminal): Avoid errors if the whole
+ decoded string is eight-bit characters. Don't attempt to save the
+ string for next iteration in that case.
+ * test/lisp/term-tests.el (term-decode-partial)
+ (term-undecodable-input): New tests.
-* tex-mode.el (tex-bibtex-file, tex-file, tex-region):
-Restart the tex shell if process is gone or stopped.
-(tex-shell-running): New function.
+2019-06-15 Paul Eggert <eggert@cs.ucla.edu>
-* expr.c (store_one_arg): Round size up for move_block_to_reg.
-(expand_call): Round up when emitting USE insns.
-* stmt.c (assign_parms): Round size up for move_block_from_reg.
+ Port to platforms where tputs is in libtinfow
+
+ * configure.ac (tputs_library): Also try tinfow, ncursesw (Bug#33977).
+
+2019-02-08 Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
+
+ Improve documentation of 'date-to-time' and 'parse-time-string'
+
+ * doc/lispref/os.texi (Time Parsing): Document
+ 'parse-time-string', and refer to it for the description of
+ the argument of 'date-to-time'.
+
+ * lisp/calendar/time-date.el (date-to-time): Refer in the doc
+ string to 'parse-time-string' for more information about the
+ format of the DATE argument. (Bug#34303)
</pre></div>
-<p>It’s important to name the changed function or variable in full.
Don’t
-abbreviate function or variable names, and don’t combine them.
-Subsequent maintainers will often search for a function name to find all
-the change log entries that pertain to it; if you abbreviate the name,
-they won’t find it when they search.
+<p>If you mention the names of the modified functions or variables, it’s
+important to name them in full. Don’t abbreviate function or variable
+names, and don’t combine them. Subsequent maintainers will often
+search for a function name to find all the change log entries that
+pertain to it; if you abbreviate the name, they won’t find it when
+they search.
</p>
<p>For example, some people are tempted to abbreviate groups of function
names by writing ‘<samp>* register.el
({insert,jump-to}-register)</samp>’;
@@ -112,13 +129,22 @@
</p>
<p>Break long lists of function names by closing continued lines with
‘<samp>)</samp>’, rather than ‘<samp>,</samp>’, and
opening the continuation with
-‘<samp>(</samp>’ as in this example:
+‘<samp>(</samp>’. This makes highlighting in Emacs work better.
+Here is an example:
</p>
<div class="example">
-<pre class="example">* keyboard.c (menu_bar_items, tool_bar_items)
+<pre class="example">* src/keyboard.c (menu_bar_items, tool_bar_items)
(Fexecute_extended_command): Deal with 'keymap' property.
</pre></div>
+<p>The easiest way to add an entry to <samp>ChangeLog</samp> is with the Emacs
+command <kbd>M-x add-change-log-entry</kbd>, or its variant <kbd>C-x 4 a</kbd>
+(<code>add-change-log-entry-other-window</code>). This automatically
+collects the name of the changed file and the changed function or
+variable, and formats a change log entry according to the conventions
+described above, leaving it up to you to describe the changes you made
+to that function or variable.
+</p>
<p>When you install someone else’s changes, put the contributor’s
name in
the change log entry rather than in the text of the entry. In other
words, write this:
@@ -137,7 +163,24 @@
* sewing.c: Make it sew. Patch by jdoe@gnu.org.
</pre></div>
+<p>When committing someone else’s changes into a <acronym>VCS</acronym>,
use the
+<acronym>VCS</acronym> features to specify the author. For example, with Git,
+use <kbd>git commit --author=<var>author</var></kbd>.
+</p>
<p>As for the date, that should be the date you applied the change.
+(With a <acronym>VCS</acronym>, use the appropriate command-line switches,
+e.g., <kbd>git commit --date=<var>date</var></kbd>.)
+</p>
+<p>Modern <acronym>VCS</acronym> have commands to apply changes sent via email
+(e.g., Git has <kbd>git am</kbd>); in that case the author of the changeset
+and the date it was made will be automatically gleaned from the email
+message and recorded in the repository. If the patches are prepared
+with suitable <acronym>VCS</acronym> commands, such as <kbd>git
format-patch</kbd>,
+the email message body will also have the original author of the
+changeset, so resending or forwarding the message will not interfere
+with attributing the changes to their author. Thus, we recommend that
+you request your contributors to use commands such as <kbd>git
+format-patch</kbd> to prepare the patches.
</p>
<hr>
<div class="header">
Index: html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html,v
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--- html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000
1.82
+++ html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000
1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/System-Functions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/System-Functions.html,v
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--- html_node/System-Functions.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/System-Functions.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/System-Portability.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/System-Portability.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
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diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/System-Portability.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/System-Portability.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
when there is a higher-level alternative (<code>readdir</code>).
</p>
<a name="index-non_002dPOSIX-systems_002c-and-portability"></a>
-<p>As for systems that are not like Unix, such as MSDOS, Windows, VMS, MVS,
+<p>As for systems that are not like Unix, such as MS-DOS, Windows, VMS, MVS,
and older Macintosh systems, supporting them is often a lot of work.
When that is the case, it is better to spend your time adding features
that will be useful on GNU and GNU/Linux, rather than on supporting
Index: html_node/Trademarks.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Trademarks.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
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diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Trademarks.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Trademarks.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/User-Interfaces.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/User-Interfaces.html,v
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diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/User-Interfaces.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/User-Interfaces.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Using-Extensions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Using-Extensions.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
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diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Using-Extensions.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Using-Extensions.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html,v
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diff -u -b -r1.84 -r1.85
--- html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000
1.84
+++ html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000
1.85
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/Writing-C.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Writing-C.html,v
retrieving revision 1.82
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diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/Writing-C.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/Writing-C.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/_002d_002dhelp.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/_002d_002dhelp.html,v
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diff -u -b -r1.66 -r1.67
--- html_node/_002d_002dhelp.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.66
+++ html_node/_002d_002dhelp.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.67
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/_002d_002dversion.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/_002d_002dversion.html,v
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diff -u -b -r1.67 -r1.68
--- html_node/_002d_002dversion.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.67
+++ html_node/_002d_002dversion.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.68
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
Index: html_node/index.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/index.html,v
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retrieving revision 1.83
diff -u -b -r1.82 -r1.83
--- html_node/index.html 9 Dec 2019 17:25:22 -0000 1.82
+++ html_node/index.html 21 Jun 2020 11:33:10 -0000 1.83
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd";>
<html>
-<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<!-- The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
<li><a name="toc-The-NEWS-File" href="NEWS-File.html#NEWS-File">6.7 The
NEWS File</a></li>
<li><a name="toc-Change-Logs-1" href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs">6.8
Change Logs</a>
<ul class="no-bullet">
- <li><a name="toc-Change-Log-Concepts-1"
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts">6.8.1 Change Log
Concepts</a></li>
+ <li><a name="toc-Change-Log-Concepts-and-Conventions"
href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts">6.8.1 Change Log Concepts
and Conventions</a></li>
<li><a name="toc-Style-of-Change-Logs-1"
href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#Style-of-Change-Logs">6.8.2 Style of Change
Logs</a></li>
<li><a name="toc-Simple-Changes-1"
href="Simple-Changes.html#Simple-Changes">6.8.3 Simple Changes</a></li>
<li><a name="toc-Conditional-Changes-1"
href="Conditional-Changes.html#Conditional-Changes">6.8.4 Conditional
Changes</a></li>
@@ -175,12 +175,12 @@
<a name="GNU-Coding-Standards"></a>
<h1 class="top">GNU Coding Standards</h1>
-<p>The GNU coding standards, last updated November 17, 2019.
+<p>The GNU coding standards, last updated June 12, 2020.
</p>
<p>Copyright © 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
-2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.
+2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
+Software Foundation, Inc.
</p>
<p>Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
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Therese Godefroy <=