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From: |
GNUN |
Subject: |
www/licenses po/identify-licenses-clearly.trans... |
Date: |
Thu, 28 Jun 2018 12:29:21 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 18/06/28 12:29:21
Modified files:
licenses/po : identify-licenses-clearly.translist
Added files:
licenses : identify-licenses-clearly.ru.html
licenses/po : identify-licenses-clearly.ru-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.ru.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/po/identify-licenses-clearly.translist?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/licenses/po/identify-licenses-clearly.ru-en.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: po/identify-licenses-clearly.translist
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/licenses/po/identify-licenses-clearly.translist,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/identify-licenses-clearly.translist 19 Apr 2018 11:00:45 -0000
1.3
+++ po/identify-licenses-clearly.translist 28 Jun 2018 16:29:21 -0000
1.4
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
<span dir="ltr" class="original"><a lang="en" hreflang="en"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.en.html">English</a> [en]</span>
<span dir="ltr"><a lang="fr" hreflang="fr"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.fr.html">français</a> [fr]</span>
<span dir="ltr"><a lang="pt-br" hreflang="pt-br"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.pt-br.html">português do Brasil</a> [pt-br]</span>
+<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ru" hreflang="ru"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.ru.html">ÑÑÑÑкий</a> [ru]</span>
</p>
</div>' -->
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.html" hreflang="x-default" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" lang="en" hreflang="en"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.en.html" title="English" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" lang="fr" hreflang="fr"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.fr.html" title="français" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" lang="pt-br" hreflang="pt-br"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.pt-br.html" title="português do
Brasil" />
+<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" lang="ru" hreflang="ru"
href="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.ru.html" title="ÑÑÑÑкий" />
<!-- end translist file -->
Index: identify-licenses-clearly.ru.html
===================================================================
RCS file: identify-licenses-clearly.ru.html
diff -N identify-licenses-clearly.ru.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ identify-licenses-clearly.ru.html 28 Jun 2018 16:29:19 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/licenses/identify-licenses-clearly.en.html" -->
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ru.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.84 -->
+
+<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
+<title>Ðе говоÑиÑе “лиÑензиÑовано по GNU GPL
2”! - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
+Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/licenses/po/identify-licenses-clearly.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ru.html" -->
+<h2>ÐÐ»Ñ ÑÑноÑÑи не говоÑиÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа,
“лиÑензиÑовано по GNU GPL
+2”!</h2>
+
+<p><a href="http://www.stallman.org/"><strong>РиÑаÑд
СÑолмен</strong></a></p>
+
+<p>Ðогда Ñ Ð² 1989 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¸Ñал СÑандаÑÑнÑÑ
обÑеÑÑвеннÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ GNU (GNU GPL), Ñ
+Ñознавал, ÑÑо могÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑебоваÑÑÑÑ
изменениÑ: Ñ Ð¤Ð¡ÐРмогÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð°-нибÑдÑ
+поÑвиÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑиÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑбликоваÑÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ
веÑÑиÑ. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð» ее
+“веÑÑией 1” и ÑÑÑановил ÑÑ
емÑ, по
коÑоÑой полÑзоваÑели могÑÑ
+обновлÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾ более поздниÑ
веÑÑий лиÑензии.</p>
+
+<p>ÐбÑепÑинÑÑÑÑ
ÑпоÑобов обновлÑÑÑ
ÑвободнÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ðµ бÑло; наÑколÑко Ñ
+знаÑ, до ÑÑого Ñакого никÑо не делал. Ð
азÑабоÑÑики вÑпÑÑкали новÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ
+пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ дÑÑгой лиÑензией, а можеÑ
бÑÑÑ, они делали новÑе вÑпÑÑки
+ÑÑаÑÑÑ
веÑÑий под дÑÑгой лиÑензией, но они
никогда не ÑÑÑанавливали ÑпоÑоба
+ÑиÑÑемаÑиÑеÑки пÑедлагаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑм
вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð±ÑдÑÑей веÑÑии лиÑензии длÑ
+Ñже вÑпÑÑеннÑÑ
веÑÑий пÑогÑамм.</p>
+
+<p>Я не знал, как ÑазÑабоÑÑики оÑнеÑÑÑÑÑ Ðº
ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑеÑÑвÑ, Ñак ÑÑо Ñ ÑеÑил
+оÑÑавиÑÑ Ð½Ð° вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑазÑабоÑÑикÑ,
ÑазÑеÑаÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ бÑдÑÑие веÑÑии. ÐÑо
+знаÑило, ÑÑо ÑазÑабоÑÑики могли вÑпÑÑкаÑÑ
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ лиÑензии GNU GPL
+<b>ÑолÑко</b> веÑÑии 1 или вÑпÑÑкаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ GPL
веÑÑии 1 <b>или лÑбой
+более поздней веÑÑии</b>. РазÑабоÑÑики
ÑказÑвали Ñвой вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ
+<b>лиÑензионного ÑведомлениÑ</b>, коÑоÑое наÑ
одиÑÑÑ Ð² наÑале каждого Ñайла
+иÑÑ
одного ÑекÑÑа. Там-Ñо, ÑоглаÑно GPL, и
вÑÑказÑваеÑÑÑ ÑÑо ÑеÑение.</p>
+
+<p>Фонд Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного
обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑизÑвал ÑазÑабоÑÑиков
вÑбиÑаÑÑ
+<b>или лÑбÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ позднÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ</b>,
поÑколÑÐºÑ ÑÑо ознаÑало, ÑÑо
+полÑзоваÑели бÑдÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ
ÑÑой пÑогÑаммой по GNU GPL
+веÑÑии 1, или по веÑÑии 2 (поÑле Ñого
как поÑвиÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ 2),
+или по веÑÑии 3 (поÑле Ñого как поÑвиÑÑÑ
веÑÑÐ¸Ñ 3). Рони бÑдÑÑ
+волÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾ веÑÑии 4, еÑли
Ð¼Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð°-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð²ÑпÑÑÑим
+веÑÑÐ¸Ñ 4.</p>
+
+<p>С ÑеÑ
Ð¿Ð¾Ñ Ð¤Ð¡ÐРвÑпÑÑÑил в 1991 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ 2
GNU GPL, а в 2007
+Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ — веÑÑÐ¸Ñ 3. Ркаждой веÑÑии
ÑазÑабоÑÑикам пÑедлагаеÑÑÑ
+вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑаиваÑÑ ÑолÑко на ÑÑой веÑÑии
лиÑензии или допÑÑкаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ñзование на
+ÑÑловиÑÑ
бÑдÑÑиÑ
веÑÑий лиÑензии. (GPL 3
допÑÑÐºÐ°ÐµÑ Ñакже возможноÑÑÑ
+“поÑÑедника”, когда на Ñказанной
ÑÑÑаниÑе в ÐнÑеÑнеÑе могÑÑ
+поÑледоваÑелÑно вÑдаваÑÑÑÑ ÑазÑеÑениÑ
полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð¹ конкÑеÑной бÑдÑÑей
+веÑÑией.)</p>
+
+<p>ÐÑбликоваÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñ ÑазÑеÑением
обновлÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ñензии жизненно важно, ÑÑобÑ
+избежаÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑи междÑ
пÑогÑаммами, вÑпÑÑеннÑми под ÑазнÑми
веÑÑиÑми
+GPL.</p>
+
+<p>Ðве ÑазнÑе лиÑензии Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑким левом
поÑÑи неизбежно неÑовмеÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ñ Ð²
+оÑÑÑÑÑÑвие какого-Ñо Ñвного меÑ
анизма
ÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑи. Ðело в Ñом, ÑÑо каждаÑ
+из ниÑ
ÑÑебÑеÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñе веÑÑии
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð²ÑпÑÑкалиÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ Ñой же
+Ñамой лиÑензией. Ðак ÑледÑÑвие, пÑогÑаммÑ,
вÑпÑÑеннÑе под GPL ÑолÑко
+веÑÑии 2, нелÑÐ·Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑединÑÑÑ Ñ
пÑогÑаммами, вÑпÑÑеннÑми под GPL ÑолÑко
+веÑÑии 3.</p>
+
+<p>ÐеÑ
анизм ÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑи Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑми GPL
ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñом, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²ÑпÑÑкаÑÑ
+пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ “веÑÑией N или лÑбой более
поздней
+веÑÑией”. ÐÑогÑаммÑ, вÑпÑÑеннÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´
GPL-2.0-или-более-поздней, можно
+обÑединÑÑÑ Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммой, вÑпÑÑенной под
GPL-3.0-или-более-поздней, поÑомÑ
+ÑÑо “3 или более позднÑÑ” ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ
подмножеÑÑвом “2 или
+более поздней”.</p>
+
+<p>ÐекоÑоÑÑе ÑазÑабоÑÑики говоÑÑÑ: “Я
вÑпÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ° под GNU GPL ÑолÑко
+веÑÑии 3. Ðогда Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¸Ð¶Ñ GPL веÑÑии 4,
еÑли она мне понÑавиÑÑÑ, Ñ
+пеÑелиÑензиÑÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, ÑазÑеÑив
полÑзование по
+веÑÑии 4”. ÐÑе бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¾ÑлиÑно, еÑли вÑ
единÑÑвеннÑй авÑоÑ, пÑи
+ÑÑловии, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ðº ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ñемени еÑе бÑдеÑе
живÑ, здоÑовÑ, Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ можно бÑдеÑ
+ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ Ð²Ñ ÑможеÑе ÑделиÑÑ ÑÑомÑ
внимание. Ðо авÑоÑÑкое пÑаво в наÑе
+вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ безобÑÐ°Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð³Ð¾; еÑли не
бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑеннÑÑ
ÑеÑоÑм, Ñо
+авÑоÑÑкое пÑаво на ваÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð±ÑдеÑ
длиÑÑÑ 70 Ð»ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ñле ваÑей ÑмеÑÑи в
+СШРи 100 Ð»ÐµÑ Ð² ÐекÑике. ÐÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÑали Ñвоим
наÑледникам ÑаÑÑмоÑÑеÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑоÑ
+пеÑелиÑензиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑиÑ
пÑогÑамм на GPL
веÑÑии 4 на ÑлÑÑай, еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ
+ÑможеÑе ÑаÑÑмоÑÑеÑÑ ÑÑо Ñами?</p>
+
+<p>Ðо непÑиÑÑноÑÑи наÑнÑÑÑÑ Ñже пÑи ваÑей
жизни. ЧÑо, еÑли Ð¼Ñ ÑеÑез деÑÑÑÑ Ð»ÐµÑ
+вÑпÑÑÑим GNU GPL веÑÑии 4, а к ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ñемени 50
дÑÑгиÑ
добавÑÑ ÑÑо-Ñо к
+ваÑей пÑогÑамме, вÑпÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ñвои
добавленнÑе ÑекÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ GPL-ÑолÑко-3.0 пÑоÑÑо
+поÑомÑ, ÑÑо Ñак Ñделали вÑ? ÐÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ бÑ
одобÑиÑÑ GPL 4 Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ,
+коÑоÑÑÑ Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑвонаÑалÑно вÑпÑÑÑили, но к
ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ñемени бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñак-Ñо
+пÑоÑÑо ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ñеми 50 поÑледÑÑÑими
ÑазÑабоÑÑиками и полÑÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
+ÑазÑеÑение пÑименÑÑÑ GPL 4 Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸Ñ
дополнений.</p>
+
+<p>ÐзбежаÑÑ ÑÑиÑ
пÑоблем можно, одобÑив
бÑдÑÑие веÑÑии GPL в лиÑензионном
+Ñведомлении Ñ Ñамого наÑала. РазмеÑайÑе,
пожалÑйÑÑа, в каждом неÑÑивиалÑном
+Ñайле вÑпÑÑка иÑÑ
одного ÑекÑÑа
лиÑензионное Ñведомление в виде,
показанном в
+конÑе Ñой веÑÑии GPL, коÑоÑÑÑ Ð²Ñ
пÑименÑеÑе.</p>
+
+<p>ÐоÑколÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ñ ÑпÑавлÑем лиÑензионной
ÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑÑÑ Ñаким ÑпоÑобом, Ñо когда
+лÑди вам говоÑÑÑ, ÑÑо пÑогÑамма
вÑпÑÑкаеÑÑÑ “под GNU GPL
+веÑÑии 2”, они оÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑÑноÑÑÑ Ð²
лиÑензиÑовании
+пÑогÑаммÑ. ÐÑпÑÑкаеÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ она под
GPL-ÑолÑко-2.0 или
+GPL-2.0-или-более-поздней? Ðожно ли обÑединÑÑÑ
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑами,
+вÑпÑÑеннÑми под GPL-3.0-или-более-поздней?</p>
+
+<p>Ðогда Ñакие ÑайÑÑ, как GitHub, пÑиглаÑаÑÑ
ÑазÑабоÑÑиков вÑбÑаÑÑ ÑÑеди пÑоÑиÑ
+возможнÑÑ
лиÑензий “GPL 3” или
“GPL 2” и
+не поднимаÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¾ бÑдÑÑиÑ
веÑÑиÑÑ
, ÑÑо
пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ðº ÑомÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑÑÑÑи
+ÑазÑабоÑÑиков оÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑÑноÑÑÑ Ð²
лиÑензиÑовании ÑвоиÑ
пÑогÑамм. ÐÑли бÑ
+иÑ
пÑоÑили вÑбиÑаÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ “ÑолÑко” и
“или более
+поздней”, они лиÑензиÑовали Ð±Ñ Ñвои
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑÑно. ÐÑо бÑл Ð±Ñ Ñакже
+повод обÑÑÑниÑÑ, ÑÑо вÑоÑой ваÑианÑ
Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð±ÐµÐ¶Ð°ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑи в
+бÑдÑÑем.</p>
+
+<p>СокÑаÑеннÑе индикаÑоÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ñензий, Ñакие
как “GPL-2.0” или
+“GPL-3.0”, Ñоже бÑдÑÑ Ð¿ÑиводиÑÑ Ðº
пÑÑаниÑе. ÐÑди и оÑганизаÑии,
+коÑоÑÑе не видÑÑ ÑазниÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ
“ÑолÑко 2” и “2 или
+более поздней”, заÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð±ÑдÑÑ Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑÑ
“GPL-2.0” в обоиÑ
+ÑлÑÑаÑÑ
, не оÑознаваÑ, ÑÑо нÑжно пÑоводиÑÑ
ÑазлиÑие.</p>
+
+<p>Таким обÑазом, когда Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзÑеÑеÑÑ
индикаÑоÑами лиÑензий SPDX, полÑзÑйÑеÑÑ
+Ð²Ð¾Ñ ÑÑими:</p>
+
+<ul><li>GPL-2.0-only или GPL-2.0-or-later</li>
+<li>GPL-3.0-only или GPL-3.0-or-later</li>
+<li>LGPL-2.0-only или LGPL-2.0-or-later</li>
+<li>LGPL-2.1-only или LGPL-2.1-or-later</li>
+<li>LGPL-3.0-only или LGPL-3.0-or-later</li>
+<li>AGPL-3.0-only или AGPL-3.0-or-later</li>
+<li>GFDL-1.3-only или GFDL-1.3-or-later</li></ul>
+
+<p>ÐожалÑйÑÑа, не полÑзÑйÑеÑÑ ÑÑаÑÑми
неоднознаÑнÑми индикаÑоÑами лиÑензий,
+коÑоÑÑе бÑдÑÑ Ð²ÑводиÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð·
ÑпоÑÑеблениÑ:</p>
+
+<ul><li>GPL-2.0</li>
+<li>GPL-3.0</li>
+<li>LGPL-2.0</li>
+<li>LGPL-2.1</li>
+<li>LGPL-3.0</li>
+<li>AGPL-3.0</li>
+<li>GFDL-1.3.</li></ul>
+
+<p>Ð 1989 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð°ÑÑ ÑазÑабоÑÑикам вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ
GPL веÑÑии
+“ÑолÑко 1” и GPL веÑÑии “1 или
более поздней”
+пÑедÑÑавлÑлоÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ
одимÑм, но ÑÑо
пÑивело к ÑложноÑÑи, коÑоÑой бÑло бÑ
+лÑÑÑе избежаÑÑ. ÐÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ñем полÑÑили ÑиÑокое
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанение неÑколÑко
+лиÑензий, коÑоÑÑе даÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑм
безÑÑловнÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾
+более поздниÑ
веÑÑий лиÑензии. РиÑ
ÑиÑло
вÑ
одÑÑ ÐбÑеÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑензиÑ
+Mozilla, ÐбÑеÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Eclipse и вÑе
лиÑензии Creative Commons. Ð
+каждой лиÑензии Ñказано, ÑÑо полÑзоваÑелÑ
волен пÑименÑÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ более
+поздними веÑÑиÑми Ñой же Ñамой лиÑензии,
еÑли ÑаковÑе имеÑÑÑÑ.</p>
+
+<p>Ðозможно, нам ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÐµÑейÑи на ÑÑоÑ
подÑ
од в бÑдÑÑиÑ
веÑÑиÑÑ
GNU GPL. Ðо
+об ÑÑом нÑжно подÑмаÑÑ Ð² бÑдÑÑем.</p>
+
+<p>ÐÑ Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ñим SPDX за ÑеÑение замениÑÑ
кÑаÑкие иденÑиÑикаÑоÑÑ ÑемейÑÑва
+лиÑензий GNU, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑделаÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ
“или более поздней” и
+“ÑолÑко” ÑвнÑм. Ð ÑледÑÑÑей веÑÑии
СпиÑка лиÑензий SPDX бÑдÑÑ
+пÑименÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑиÑикаÑоÑÑ,
ÑекомендованнÑе вÑÑе. ÐеÑÑнÑе
иденÑиÑикаÑоÑÑ,
+Ñакие как “GPL-2.0”, бÑдÑÑ Ð²ÑводиÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð·
ÑпоÑÑеблениÑ. ÐÑ
+пÑизÑваем как можно ÑкоÑее замениÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
на
новÑе однознаÑнÑе иденÑиÑикаÑоÑÑ.</p>
+
+<p>ÐÑименÑÑ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑиÑикаÑоÑÑ, Ñвно говоÑÑÑие
<b>ÑолÑко</b> или <b>лÑбой более
+поздней веÑÑии</b>, Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ¼ оÑведомлÑÑÑ
ÑообÑеÑÑво о ÑазлиÑии Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸, а
+Ñакже пооÑÑÑÑÑ ÑазÑабоÑÑиков ÑÑно
вÑÑажаÑÑ Ñвои ÑеÑениÑ.</p>
+
+<div class="translators-notes">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
+ </div>
+</div>
+
+<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.ru.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе обÑие запÑоÑÑ
ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð¸ GNU по адÑеÑÑ <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже <a
+href="/contact/">дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ</a> Ñ
Ñондом. ÐÑÑеÑÑ Ð¾
+неÑабоÑаÑÑиÑ
ÑÑÑлкаÑ
и дÑÑгие попÑавки
или пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ пÑиÑÑлаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾
+адÑеÑÑ <a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p>
+<!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм и
каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ
+возможноÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñибки Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ можем.
ÐÑиÑÑлайÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, Ñвои замеÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸
+пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ пеÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+</p><p>Ð¡Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ кооÑдинаÑии и
пÑедложениÑм пеÑеводов наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей Ñм. в
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">“Ð
ÑководÑÑве по
+пеÑеводам”</a>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+<p>Copyright © 2017, 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>ÐÑо пÑоизведение доÑÑÑпно по <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.ru">лиÑензии
+Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>ÐÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ñ —
Ðез
+пÑоизводнÑÑ
пÑоизведений</em>) 4.0
ÐÑемиÑнаÑ</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.ru.html" -->
+<div class="translators-credits">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
+<em>Ðнимание! РподгоÑовке ÑÑого пеÑевода
ÑÑаÑÑвовал ÑолÑко один Ñеловек. ÐÑ
+можеÑе ÑÑÑеÑÑвенно ÑлÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑевод, еÑли
пÑовеÑиÑе его и ÑаÑÑкажеÑе о
+найденнÑÑ
оÑибкаÑ
в <a
+href="http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ru">ÑÑÑÑкой гÑÑппе
пеÑеводов
+gnu.org</a>.</em></div>
+
+<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
+Ðбновлено:
+
+$Date: 2018/06/28 16:29:19 $
+
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
Index: po/identify-licenses-clearly.ru-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/identify-licenses-clearly.ru-en.html
diff -N po/identify-licenses-clearly.ru-en.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/identify-licenses-clearly.ru-en.html 28 Jun 2018 16:29:21 -0000
1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.84 -->
+<title>Don't Say “Licensed under GNU GPL 2”!
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+ <!--#include virtual="/licenses/po/identify-licenses-clearly.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>For Clarity's Sake, Please Don't Say “Licensed under GNU GPL
2”!</h2>
+
+<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/"><strong>Richard
+Stallman</strong></a></p>
+
+<p>When I wrote the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL), in 1989, I
+recognized that changes might be necessary: the FSF might someday have
+reasons to publish a new version. So I called the license “version
1,”
+and set up a framework to enable users to upgrade programs to later
+license versions.</p>
+
+<p>There was no customary way of doing this with a free license; as far
+as I know, it had never been done before. Developers had released a
+new version of a program under a different license, and maybe they had
+made new releases of old versions offering use under a different
+license, but they had never set up a systematic way to offer users the
+choice of using a future license version for already-released versions
+of a program.</p>
+
+<p>I did not know how developers would respond to this innovation, so I
+decided to give each developer a choice about allowing future
+versions. This meant developers could release a program under GNU GPL
+version 1 <b>only</b>, or release it under GPL version 1 <b>or any later
+version</b>. The way developers state their choice is in the <b>license
+notice</b> that goes at the start of each source file. That's where the
+GPL says the decision is stated.</p>
+
+<p>The Free Software Foundation urged developers to choose <b>or any
+later version</b>, since that meant users would be free to use that
+program under GNU GPL version 1, or under version 2 (once there was a
+version 2), or under version 3 (once there was a version 3). And they
+will be free to use it under version 4, if we ever have to make a
+version 4.</p>
+
+<p>Since then, the FSF has released GNU GPL version 2 in 1991 and version
+3 in 2007. Each version offers developers the choice to insist on
+that one license version only, or permit use under future license
+versions. (GPL 3 also permits the “proxy” option, where a specified
+Web page can subsequently give permission to use a particular future
+version.)</p>
+
+<p>Publishing programs with license upgrade permission is vital to avoid
+incompatibility between programs released under different GPL versions.</p>
+
+<p>Two different copyleft licenses are almost inevitably incompatible in
+the absence of some explicit compatibility mechanism. That is because
+each one necessarily requires modified versions of a program to be
+released under that very same license. As a consequence, code
+released under GPL version 2 only can't be merged with code released
+under GPL version 3 only.</p>
+
+<p>The mechanism for compatibility between GPL versions is to release a
+program under “version N or any later version.” A program released
+under GPL-2.0-or-later can be merged with code under GPL-3.0-or-later,
+because “3 or later” is a subset of “2 or later”.</p>
+
+<p>Some developers say, “I will release now under GNU GPL version 3 only.
+When I see GPL version 4, if I like it, I will relicense my program to
+allow use under version 4.” That will work fine if you are the only
+author, provided you're still alive, healthy, contactable, and paying
+attention at that time. But copyright lasts an insanely long time
+nowadays; in the absence of major reforms, the copyright on your code
+will last 70 years after your death, in the US (and 100 years, in
+Mexico). Have you made arrangements for your heirs to consider the
+question of relicensing your code to GPL version 4 if you are no
+longer around to consider it?</p>
+
+<p>But trouble will happen even during your lifetime. What if we release
+GNU GPL version 4 ten years from now, and by that time 50 others have
+added to your program, releasing their added code under GPL-3.0-only
+simply because you did? You could approve GPL 4 for the program you
+initially released, but it would be a big job to contact the 50
+subsequent developers at that time to get their permission for GPL 4
+usage of their additions.</p>
+
+<p>The way to avoid these problems is by approving future GPL versions in
+the license notice at the outset. Please put on each nontrivial file
+of the source release a license notice of the form shown at the end of
+the GPL version you are using.</p>
+
+<p>Because we handle license compatibility this way, when people tell you
+a program is released “under GNU GPL version 2,” they are leaving
the
+licensing of the program unclear. Is it released under GPL-2.0-only,
+or GPL-2.0-or-later? Can you merge the code with packages released
+under GPL-3.0-or-later?</p>
+
+<p>When sites such as GitHub invite developers to choose “GPL 3”
or “GPL
+2” among other license options, and don't raise the issue of future
+versions, this leads thousands of developers to leave their code's
+licensing unclear. Asking those users to choose between “only” and
+“or later” would lead them to make their code's licensing clear. It
+also provides an opportunity to explain how the latter choice avoids
+future incompatibility.</p>
+
+<p>Abbreviated license indicators such as “GPL-2.0” or
“GPL-3.0” will
+lead to confusion too. People and organizations that don't recognize
+the difference between “2 only” and “2 or later” will
be prone to
+write “GPL-2.0” in both cases, not realizing there is a
distinction to
+be made.</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, when you use SPDX license indicators, please use these:</p>
+
+<ul><li>GPL-2.0-only or GPL-2.0-or-later</li>
+<li>GPL-3.0-only or GPL-3.0-or-later</li>
+<li>LGPL-2.0-only or LGPL-2.0-or-later</li>
+<li>LGPL-2.1-only or LGPL-2.1-or-later</li>
+<li>LGPL-3.0-only or LGPL-3.0-or-later</li>
+<li>AGPL-3.0-only or AGPL-3.0-or-later</li>
+<li>GFDL-1.3-only or GFDL-1.3-or-later</li></ul>
+
+<p>Please do not use the old, ambiguous license indicators, which will be
+deprecated:</p>
+
+<ul><li>GPL-2.0</li>
+<li>GPL-3.0</li>
+<li>LGPL-2.0</li>
+<li>LGPL-2.1</li>
+<li>LGPL-3.0</li>
+<li>AGPL-3.0</li>
+<li>GFDL-1.3.</li></ul>
+
+<p>Giving developers the choice of GPL version “1 only” or GPL
version “1
+or later” seemed obligatory in 1989, but it has created a complexity
+that we would be better off without. Meanwhile, several licenses that
+unconditionally give users the choice to upgrade to later license
+versions have become widely accepted. These include the Mozilla
+Public License, the Eclipse Public License, and all the Creative
+Commons licenses. Each version says that a user is free to use the
+work under later versions, if any, of the same license.</p>
+
+<p>Perhaps we should switch to that approach for future versions of the
+GNU GPL. But that is something to think about in the future.</p>
+
+<p>We thank SPDX for deciding to change the the short identifiers for the
+GNU family of licenses to make the “or later” versus
“only” choice
+explicit. The upcoming version of the SPDX License List for license
+identifiers will use the identifiers recommended above. The confusing
+identifiers, such as “GPL-2.0,” will be deprecated. We ask people
to
+replace them with the new unambiguous identifiers as soon as possible.</p>
+
+<p>By using identifiers that are explicit as to <b>only</b> or <b>any later
+version</b>, we can make the community aware of the difference and
+encourage developers to state their decisions clearly.</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 2017, 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2018/06/28 16:29:21 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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