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www/gnu po/first-hackers-conference-1984.transl...

From: GNUN
Subject: www/gnu po/first-hackers-conference-1984.transl...
Date: Tue, 20 Sep 2022 13:31:42 -0400 (EDT) 
CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     GNUN <gnun>     22/09/20 13:31:42

Modified files:
        gnu/po         : first-hackers-conference-1984.translist 
Added files:
        gnu            : first-hackers-conference-1984.fr.html 
        gnu/po         : first-hackers-conference-1984.fr-en.html 

Log message:
        Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.fr.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/first-hackers-conference-1984.translist?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/first-hackers-conference-1984.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1

Patches:
Index: po/first-hackers-conference-1984.translist
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/first-hackers-conference-1984.translist,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/first-hackers-conference-1984.translist  2 Jun 2022 15:31:12 -0000       
1.3
+++ po/first-hackers-conference-1984.translist  20 Sep 2022 17:31:42 -0000      
1.4
@@ -4,11 +4,13 @@
 <p>
 <span dir="ltr" class="original">[en]&nbsp;<a lang="en" hreflang="en" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.en.html">English</a> &nbsp;</span>
 <span dir="ltr">[es]&nbsp;<a lang="es" hreflang="es" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.es.html">español</a> &nbsp;</span>
+<span dir="ltr">[fr]&nbsp;<a lang="fr" hreflang="fr" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.fr.html">français</a> &nbsp;</span>
 <span dir="ltr">[zh-cn]&nbsp;<a lang="zh-cn" hreflang="zh-cn" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.zh-cn.html">简体中文</a> 
&nbsp;</span>
 </p>
 </div>' -->
 <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.html" hreflang="x-default" />
 <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" lang="en" hreflang="en" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.en.html" title="English" />
 <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" lang="es" hreflang="es" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.es.html" title="español" />
+<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.fr.html" title="français" />
 <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" lang="zh-cn" hreflang="zh-cn" 
href="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.zh-cn.html" title="简体中文" />
 <!-- end translist file -->

Index: first-hackers-conference-1984.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: first-hackers-conference-1984.fr.html
diff -N first-hackers-conference-1984.fr.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ first-hackers-conference-1984.fr.html       20 Sep 2022 17:31:42 -0000      
1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/gnu/first-hackers-conference-1984.en.html" 
-->
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.97-->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnu-history" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
+
+<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
+<title>Richard Stallman à la première Hacker Conference (1984) - Projet GNU 
- Free
+Software Foundation</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/first-hackers-conference-1984.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
+<h2>Richard Stallman à la première <i>Hacker Conference</i> (1984)</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
+
+<p>La première <i>Hacker Conference</i> s'est tenu à Sausalito (Californie) 
en
+novembre 1984. À cette occasion, les auteurs du documentaire <cite>Hackers:
+Wizards of the Electronic Age</cite> (Hackers, sorciers de l'ère
+électronique) se sont entretenus avec Richard Stallman.  Ils n'ont inclus
+dans le film qu'une partie des entretiens, mais ont rendu disponibles
+certaines autres séquences. Les déclarations de Stallman à ce congrès vont
+au-delà de ce qu'il avait écrit dans l'<a
+href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">annonce initiale de GNU</a>.</p>
+
+<p>C'est à ce congrès que Richard Stallman exprime pour la première fois
+publiquement et explicitement l'idée que  tout logiciel doit être libre
+<i>[all software should be free]</i>, et précise que <i>free</i> se réfère 
à
+la liberté et non au prix <a id="TransNote1-rev"
+href="#TransNote1"><sup>1</sup></a> en disant que le logiciel doit être
+librement <i>[freely]</i> accessible à tout un chacun. C'est probablement la
+première fois qu'il a fait cette distinction en public.</p>
+
+<p>Stallman continue en expliquant pourquoi il est mal d'accepter un programme
+en donnant son accord à la condition de non-partage avec des tiers. Que
+peut-on dire alors d'une entreprise basée sur le développement de logiciel
+non libre et incitant les autres à accepter cette condition ? C'est mauvais
+pour la société et il ne faut jamais le faire (dans les années ultérieures,
+il condamnera ces pratiques en termes plus forts).</p>
+
+<p>Voici ce qu'il dit :</p>
+
+  <blockquote>
+  <p><i>Mon projet est de rendre libres tout les logiciels.</i></p> 
+  </blockquote> 
+          
+  <blockquote>
+  <p><i>Imaginez que vous achetez une maison dont le sous-sol est fermé à 
clé, et
+que seul l'entrepreneur qui l'a construite possède cette clé. Si vous avez
+besoin de faire une modification ou de réparer quelque chose, vous devrez
+vous adresser à lui. Et s'il est trop occupé à faire autre chose, il vous
+dira d'aller au diable et vous serez coincé. Vous êtes à la merci de cette
+personne, vous déprimez et vous vous résignez. Voilà ce qui arrive quand les
+plans d'un programme informatique sont gardés secrets par l'organisation qui
+le vend. Voilà la manière habituelle de procéder.</i> <a
+href="//audio-video.gnu.org/video/rms-at-first-hackers-conference-1984.webm">Vidéo</a>
+(1:59-2:13 / 2:28-2:41)</p> 
+  </blockquote> 
+  
+  <blockquote>
+  <p><i>Si l'on m'offre la possibilité d'utiliser un logiciel pourvu que je
+consente à ne le partager avec personne, je ressens ceci comme une faute ;
+cela me ferait mal spirituellement <a href="#Note1" id="Note1-rev">[1]</a>
+de donner mon accord. Donc je ne veux pas qu'ils investissent dans un
+logiciel qui a un propriétaire. Et je ne crois pas que quoi que ce soit
+justifie de les encourager à investir dans un logiciel qui a un
+propriétaire. Je pense que que les logiciels d'exception ont été créés par
+des hackers qui le faisaient parce qu'ils adoraient ça, parce que cela les
+amusait d'exercer leur astuce ; cela continuera de toute façon. Je pense
+qu'il y a des moyens alternatifs de s'arranger pour qu'une certaine somme
+d'argent paie les salaires des gens, les paie pour passer leur temps à
+écrire des programmes. Si les gens veulent que certains types de programmes
+soient écrits, ils peuvent trouver d'autres formes d'organisation ; je peux
+en suggérer quelques unes. Mais le plus important, c'est qu'il y a beaucoup
+des moyens alternatifs de procéder. Celui-ci a été choisi parce que, de tous
+les moyens disponibles, il assure aux gens qui investissent dans l'édition
+de logiciel le rendement maximum .</i> <a
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161107235202/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/at-the-first-hackers-conference-in-1984-richard-stallman-news-footage/146485179";>Vidéo</a></p>
 
+  </blockquote>
+  
+  <blockquote>
+  <p><i>Je ne pense pas que ce soit un impératif sociétal de leur donner le
+rendement le plus élevé possible. À mon avis, l'impératif sociétal est que
+l'information développée soit accessible à tous aussi librement que
+possible. Si nous examinons le principe sous-jacent – le principe de
+l'incitation : donner aux gens des incitations pour faire les choses qu'on
+souhaite encourager – et que nous nous demandons ensuite « Pourquoi
+donnons-nous aux gens des incitations ? », nous constatons que nous ne 
leur
+donnons aucune  incitation pour faire les chose les plus profitables à la
+société. Si quelqu'un a le choix, il peut écrire un programme, puis
+encourager chacun à l'utiliser de la  manière qui lui convient, ou bien il
+peut écrire le programme, puis le mettre sur le marché en accaparant les
+plans et en disant aux gens qu'ils n'ont pas le droit de le partager avec
+leurs voisins, autrement dit en se montrant odieux et en faisant de
+l'obstruction. Nous voyons que cette personne est incitée à se montrer
+odieuse et à faire de l'obstruction, mais n'est pas incitée à coopérer. Je
+pense que c'est malsain, je pense que cela reflète une mauvaise organisation
+de la société, car nous encourageons de préférence ce qui n'est pas bon 
pour
+nous.</i> <a
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161108001731/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/at-the-first-hackers-conference-in-1984-richard-stallman-news-footage/146484701";>Vidéo</a></p>
 
+  </blockquote> 
+
+<hr class="thin" />
+
+<h3 class="footnote">Note</h3>
+
+<p> <a href="#Note1-rev" id="Note1">[1]</a> Plus tard, Stallman a décidé de 
ne
+plus utiliser le mot « spirituellement » pour éviter que les gens ne 
pensent
+qu'il se référait à quelque chose de surnaturel.</p>
+
+</div>
+<div class="translators-notes">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
+ <hr /><b>Note de traduction</b><ol>
+<li><a id="TransNote1" href="#TransNote1-rev"
+class="nounderline">&#8593;</a>
+<i>Free</i> veut dire « libre », mais aussi 
« gratuit ».</li></ol></div>
+</div>
+
+<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à &lt;<a
+href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org";>gnu@gnu.org</a>&gt;. Il existe aussi <a
+href="/contact/">d'autres moyens de contacter</a> la FSF. Les liens
+orphelins et autres corrections ou suggestions peuvent être signalés à
+&lt;<a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org";>webmasters@gnu.org</a>&gt;.</p>
+
+<p>
+<!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+        replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+        We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+        translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+        Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+        to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
+
+        &lt;web-translators@gnu.org&gt;</a>.</p>
+
+        <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
+        our web pages, see <a
+        href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+        README</a>. -->
+Merci d'adresser vos commentaires sur les pages en français à &lt;<a
+href="mailto:trad-gnu@april.org";>trad-gnu@april.org</a>&gt;, et sur les
+traductions en général à &lt;<a
+href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>web-translators@gnu.org</a>&gt;. Si
+vous souhaitez y contribuer, vous trouverez dans le <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">guide de traduction</a>
+les infos nécessaires.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+     files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+     be under CC BY-ND 4.0.  Please do NOT change or remove this
+     without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+     Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+     document.  For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+     document was modified, or published.
+     
+     If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+     Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+     years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+     year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+     being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+     
+     There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+     Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+<p>Copyright &copy; 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
+rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0 internationale (CC BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
+<div class="translators-credits">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
+Traduction et révision : <a
+href="mailto:trad-gnu&#64;april.org";><em>trad-gnu&#64;april.org</em></a></div>
+
+<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
+Dernière mise à jour :
+
+$Date: 2022/09/20 17:31:42 $
+
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
+</body>
+</html>

Index: po/first-hackers-conference-1984.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/first-hackers-conference-1984.fr-en.html
diff -N po/first-hackers-conference-1984.fr-en.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/first-hackers-conference-1984.fr-en.html 20 Sep 2022 17:31:42 -0000      
1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.97-->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnu-history" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
+<title>Richard Stallman at the First Hackers Conference in 1984 
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/first-hackers-conference-1984.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
+<h2>Richard Stallman at the First Hackers Conference in 1984</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
+
+<p>The first Hackers Conference was held in Sausalito, California, in
+November 1984. The makers of the documentary <cite>Hackers: Wizards of 
+the Electronic Age</cite> interviewed Richard Stallman at the event. 
+They included only parts of the interviews in the film, but made some
+other footage available. Stallman's statements at the conference went 
+beyond what he had written in the <a
+href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">initial announcement of GNU</a>.</p>
+
+<p>It was at this conference that Richard Stallman first publicly and 
+explicitly stated the idea that <em>all software should be free</em>, 
+and makes it clear that &ldquo;free&rdquo; refers to freedom, not price, 
+by saying that software should be <em>freely</em> accessible to 
+everyone. This was probably the first time he made that distinction to 
+the public.</p>
+
+<p>Stallman continues by explaining why it is wrong to agree to accept a
+program on condition of not sharing it with others. So what can one
+say about a business based on developing nonfree software and luring
+others into accepting that condition? Such things are bad for society
+and shouldn't be done at all. (In later years he used stronger
+condemnation.)</p>
+
+<p>Here are the things he said:</p>
+
+  <blockquote>
+  <p><i>&ldquo;My project is to make all software free.&rdquo;</i></p> 
+  </blockquote> 
+          
+  <blockquote>
+  <p><i>&ldquo;Imagine if you bought a house and the basement was locked 
+  and only the original building contractor had the key. If you needed 
+  to make any change, repair anything, you'd have to go to him, and if 
+  he was too busy doing something else he'd tell you to get lost and 
+  you'd be stuck. You are at that person's mercy and you become 
+  downtrodden and resigned. That's what happens when the blueprints to a 
+  computer program are kept secret by the organization that sells it. 
+  That's the usual way things are done.&rdquo;</i>
+  <a 
href="//audio-video.gnu.org/video/rms-at-first-hackers-conference-1984.webm">
+  Video</a></p> 
+  </blockquote> 
+  
+  <blockquote>
+  <p><i>&ldquo;If I'm offered a chance to use a piece of software 
+  provided I would agree not to share it with anyone, I feel that it 
+  would be wrong, it would spiritually&#8239;<a href="#Note1" 
id="Note1-rev">[1]</a> 
+  hurt me to agree. So I don't want them investing in software that's owned. 
+  And I don't believe that anything is justified to encourage them to invest 
in 
+  software that's owned. I think the really great software has been done by 
+  hackers who were doing it because they loved it, because it was playful 
+  cleverness, and that will continue in any case. I think there are 
+  alternative ways of arranging for some amount of money to go into 
+  paying salaries of people, paying them to spend their time writing 
+  programs. If people want certain kinds of programs to be written, they 
+  can come up with other forms of organization&mdash;I can suggest a 
+  few&mdash;but the important thing is there are lots of alternative 
+  ways of doing things. This one has been chosen because it gets the 
+  people investing in software companies the most profits of any of the 
+  available ways.&rdquo;</i>
+  <a 
+  
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161107235202/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/at-the-first-hackers-conference-in-1984-richard-stallman-news-footage/146485179";>Video</a></p>
 
+  </blockquote>
+  
+  <blockquote>
+  <p><i>&ldquo;I don't think it's a social imperative to give them the 
+  most possible profit. I think the social imperative is that 
+  information that's developed should be accessible to everyone as freely 
+  as possible. If we look at the principle underlying&mdash;the incentive 
+  principle, give people incentives to do the things you wish to 
+  encourage&mdash;and then we say, &lsquo;what are we giving people 
+  incentives for?&rsquo; we see that we are not giving them any 
+  incentives to do the things that benefit society most. If a person has 
+  a choice, he can write a program and then encourage everyone to use it 
+  in any way that's good for him or he can write the program and then 
+  market it hoarding the plans, telling people they are not allowed to 
+  share it with their neighbors, being very obnoxious and obstructive. 
+  We see he has an incentive to be obnoxious and obstructive, he doesn't 
+  have an incentive to cooperate. I think that's sick, I think that's a 
+  bad social organization, because we are encouraging most what's not 
+  good for us.&rdquo;</i>
+  <a 
+  
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161108001731/https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/video/at-the-first-hackers-conference-in-1984-richard-stallman-news-footage/146484701";>Video</a></p>
 
+  </blockquote> 
+
+<hr class="thin" />
+
+<h3 class="footnote">Footnote</h3>
+
+<p> <a href="#Note1-rev" id="Note1">[1]</a>
+Subsequently Stallman decided to stop using the word 
&ldquo;spiritually,&rdquo; 
+so that people would not think he meant to refer to anything supernatural.</p>
+
+</div>
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org";>&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org";>&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+        replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+        We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+        translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+        Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+        to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
+        &lt;web-translators@gnu.org&gt;</a>.</p>
+
+        <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
+        our web pages, see <a
+        href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+        README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+     files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+     be under CC BY-ND 4.0.  Please do NOT change or remove this
+     without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+     Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+     document.  For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+     document was modified, or published.
+     
+     If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+     Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+     years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+     year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+     being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+     
+     There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+     Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright &copy; 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2022/09/20 17:31:42 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
+</body>
+</html>
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