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www/philosophy free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.... |
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Date: |
Sun, 26 Sep 2021 06:02:15 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/09/26 06:02:15
Modified files:
philosophy : free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.html
lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.html
philosophy/po : free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn-en.html
free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.po
lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn-en.html
lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.po
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.10&r2=1.11
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.11&r2=1.12
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.2&r2=1.3
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.14&r2=1.15
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=1.5
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.11&r2=1.12
Patches:
Index: free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.html,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.html 28 Oct 2020 06:59:35 -0000
1.10
+++ free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.html 26 Sep 2021 10:02:15 -0000
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value="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.en.html" -->
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+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays aboutfs free-open" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
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<title>为ä»ä¹“èªç±è½¯ä»¶”好亓å¼æº” -
GNUå·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.translist" -->
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+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.zh-cn.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.zh-cn.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>为ä»ä¹“èªç±è½¯ä»¶”好亓å¼æº”</h2>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>æ¬æå·²ç»è¢«å
¶ä¸»è¦éåçæ¿ä»£ï¼<a
-href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">“å¼æº”é失äºèªç±è½¯ä»¶çéç¹</a>ï¼éåçè¦å¥½å¾å¤ã为äºåå²åå
ï¼æ们è¿æå®æ¾å¨è¿éã</p></blockquote>
+<div class="infobox" style="font-style: italic">
+<p>æ¬æå·²ç»è¢«å
¶ä¸»è¦éåçæ¿ä»£ï¼<a
+href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">“å¼æº”é失äºèªç±è½¯ä»¶çéç¹</a>ï¼éåçè¦å¥½å¾å¤ã为äºåå²åå
ï¼æ们è¿æå®æ¾å¨è¿éã</p>
</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>
è½ç¶èªç±è½¯ä»¶ä¸ä»¥èªç±å½åï¼ä¹è½ç»ä½ åæ
·çèªç±ï¼ä½æ¯ä½¿ç¨å
¶ä»çååä¼é
æé大çä¸åï¼ä¸åçè¯æ±<em>ä¼ è¾¾ä¸åçç念</em>ã</p>
@@ -131,11 +139,11 @@
ååä¹æ¾åå¸æä¹ä¸æç¡®çå
¬å¼å£°æï¼ä»¥ä¾¿ä½¿äººä»¬å¯¹å
¶äº§åèç“å¼æº”çå°è±¡ãä¾å¦IBM对å®çä¸ä¸ªä¸ç¬¦å¼æºå®æ¹å®ä¹ç产åå¦æ¤å£°ç§°ï¼</p>
<blockquote><p>
-ä¸å¦å¼æºç¤¾ç¾¤ï¼......ç§æ产åç使ç¨è
ä¹è½åä¸IBMçåä½......
+ä¸å¦å¼æºç¤¾ç¾¤......ç§æ产åç使ç¨è
ä¹è½åä¸IBMçåä½......
</p></blockquote>
<p>
-æ¤å£°æ并æªæ确说该ç¨åº<em>æ¯</em>“å¼æº”ç¨åºï¼ä½æ¯è®¸å¤è¯»è
å´ä¸ä¼æ³¨ææ¤ç»èãï¼æå¿
é¡»åç¥è¯»è
ï¼åæ¥IBMçè¯å°è¯ç让å®åæèªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼å¹¶å¼å
¥ä¸ä¸ªæ°è®¸å¯è¯ä½¿å®åæèªç±è½¯ä»¶å“å¼æº”ï¼åªä¸è¿ï¼ä¸è¿°ç声æå表ä¹åï¼å®åªä¸ªé½ä¸æ¯ã</p>
+æ¤å£°æ并æªæ确说该ç¨åº<em>æ¯</em>“å¼æº”ç¨åºï¼ä½æ¯è®¸å¤è¯»è
å´ä¸ä¼æ³¨ææ¤ç»èãï¼æå¿
é¡»åç¥è¯»è
ï¼åæ¥IBMçè¯å°è¯ç让å®åæèªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼å¹¶å¼å
¥ä¸ä¸ªæ°è®¸å¯è¯ä½¿å®åæèªç±è½¯ä»¶å“å¼æº”ï¼åªä¸è¿ï¼ä¸è¿°ç声æå表ä¹åï¼å®åªä¸ªé½ä¸æ¯ãï¼</p>
<p>
å
¶æ¬¡çæ¡ä¾æ¯ï¼Cygnus
Solutionså¦ä½ä»åæ¥è¦æ为ä¸å®¶èªç±è½¯ä»¶å
¬å¸ï¼èç»æåæä¸å±è½¯ä»¶å
¬å¸çåæ¯ï¼å®ä¸ºä¸å±è½¯ä»¶ä½å¦æ¤å®£ä¼ ï¼</p>
@@ -190,8 +198,7 @@
<p>
æ£æèªç±æççç念æ¯è°å·¨çäºä¸—å®éè¦ä½
ç帮å©ãé£ä¹æ¯æ们åæ为GNUå·¥ç¨ä½¿ç¨“èªç±è½¯ä»¶”è¿ä¸æªè¾çç¼æ
ï¼å®æå©äºå®æè¿ä¸ªäºä¸ãå¦æä½
æå°èªç±æçä¸ç¤¾åºæ¬èº«çéè¦æ§—ä¸åªä¸ºå¾å®å¸¦æ¥ç便婗请å
å
¥æ们ä¸èµ·ä½¿ç¨“èªç±è½¯ä»¶”è¿ä¸ªæªè¾ã</p>
-
-<hr />
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<!-- The archived version is truncated.
<p>
@@ -200,14 +207,16 @@
<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080703140137/http://www.itworld.com/LWD010523vcontrol4";>Live
and
let license [archived]</a> that gives his perspective on this issue.</p>
-->
+<h3 class="footnote">注</h3>
<p>
LakhaniåWolfå¨<a
-href="http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf";>å
³äºèªç±è½¯ä»¶å¼åè
ä¹å¨æºç论æ</a>ä¸è¯´ï¼ç¸å½ä¸é¨åå¼åè
çå¨æºæ¯è®¤ä¸ºè½¯ä»¶åºè¯¥æ¯èªç±çãèè¿ä¸ªç»æè¿æ¯åºäºä»ä»¬çè°æ¥æ¯é对å¨SourceForgeä¸çå¼åè
ï¼èé£æ¯ä¸ä¸ªå¹¶ä¸æ¯æèªç±è½¯ä»¶çéå¾·è§ç¹çç½ç«ã</p>
+href="https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf";>å
³äºèªç±è½¯ä»¶å¼åè
ä¹å¨æºç论æ</a>ä¸è¯´ï¼ç¸å½ä¸é¨åå¼åè
çå¨æºæ¯è®¤ä¸ºè½¯ä»¶åºè¯¥æ¯èªç±çãèè¿ä¸ªç»æè¿æ¯åºäºä»ä»¬çè°æ¥æ¯é对å¨SourceForgeä¸çå¼åè
ï¼èé£æ¯ä¸ä¸ªå¹¶ä¸æ¯æèªç±è½¯ä»¶çéå¾·è§ç¹çç½ç«ã</p>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>æ¬æå表äº<a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>èªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±ç¤¾ä¼ï¼Richard
-M. Stallmanéé</cite></a>ã</p></blockquote>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">æ¬æå表äº<a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>èªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±ç¤¾ä¼ï¼Richard
+M. Stallmanéé</cite></a>ã</p></div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -221,7 +230,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.zh-cn.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>请å°æå
³èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼ï¼FSFï¼&GNUçä¸è¬æ§é®é¢åéå°<a
@@ -240,15 +249,32 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
-è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã</p>
+æ们尽æ大åªåæ¥æä¾ç²¾ååé«è´¨éçç¿»è¯ï¼ä½é¾å
ä¼åå¨é误åä¸è¶³ãå¦ææ¨å¨è¿æ¹é¢æè¯è®ºæä¸è¬æ§ç建议ï¼è¯·åéè³
<a
+href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã</p><p>å
³äºè¿è¡åè°ä¸æ交翻è¯çæ´å¤ä¿¡æ¯åè§
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">ãè¯è
æåã</a>ã</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2007, 2016, 2020 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+<p>Copyright © 1998-2003, 2007, 2010, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
<p>æ¬é¡µé¢<a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative Commons
@@ -263,16 +289,17 @@
<b>å®¡æ ¡</b>: åæå® <a
href="mailto:chliu@gnu.org";><chliu@gnu.org></a><br></br>
<b>ç¿»è¯å¢é</b>ï¼<a rel="team"
-href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn/";><CTT></a>ï¼2018ï¼2020ã</div>
+href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn/";><CTT></a>ï¼2018ï¼2020ï¼2021ã</div>
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
æåæ´æ°ï¼
-$Date: 2020/10/28 06:59:35 $
+$Date: 2021/09/26 10:02:15 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.html,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.html 28 Oct 2020 06:59:35 -0000 1.11
+++ lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.html 26 Sep 2021 10:02:15 -0000 1.12
@@ -1,19 +1,25 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/lessig-fsfs-intro.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.zh-cn.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="thirdparty" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>ãèªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±ç¤¾ä¼ï¼çæ¥å¾·Â·é©¬ä¿®Â·æ¯ææ¼ééãçå¼è¨
- GNUå·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.zh-cn.html" -->
-<h2><a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><i>ãèªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±ç¤¾ä¼ï¼çæ¥å¾·Â·é©¬ä¿®Â·æ¯ææ¼ééã</i></a>çå¼è¨</h2>
-
-<p>
-Lawrence Lessigèï¼æ¯å¦ç¦å¤§å¦æ³å¦é¢æ³å¦ææ
-</p>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.zh-cn.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.zh-cn.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
+<h2><cite>ãèªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±ç¤¾ä¼ï¼çæ¥å¾·Â·é©¬ä¿®Â·æ¯ææ¼ééã</cite>çå¼è¨</h2>
+
+<address class="byline">
+Lawrence Lessig <a href="#lessig"><sup>[*]</sup></a> è
+</address>
<p>
æ¯ä»£äººé½æå®çå²å¦å®¶—ä¸ä½è½å¤ææ¡æ¶ä»£æ³è±¡åçä½å®¶æèºæ¯å®¶ãææ¶è¿äºå²å¦å®¶è¢«è®¤ä¸ºæ¯è¿æ
·çï¼é常è¦å 代人ä¹åï¼ä»ä»¬çæ¶ä»£å
³èæä¼åæç°å®ãä½æ¯æ
论æ¯å¦è¢«äººä»¬è®¤è¯ï¼ä¸ä¸ªæ¶ä»£ç±è¯´åºå
¶çæ³ç人ä½ä¸ºæ
å¿ï¼ä¸ç®¡æ¯éè¿åè¯è¿æ¯å¨æ¿æ²»è¿å¨çé£æ´ä¸ã
@@ -54,13 +60,13 @@
æ³å¾çè¿ç§ç¶åµè¶
åºäºç«æ³å·¥ä½æ¬èº«ãèèä¸ä¸ç¾å½æ³é¢å¯¹æ³å¾çå®æ½ãå½äºäººéç¨å¾å¸æ¥æåå
¶å©çï¼ææ¶åè¿ç§å©çéè¿è¯è®¼å¾ä»¥æåãå¨è¯è®¼è¿ç¨ä¸ï¼å¾å¸ååºæ¡æ
ï¼è¿äºæ¡æ
åè¿æ¥å½±åæ³å®åä¸çæè§ãè¿äºæè§å³å®è°è½å¤å¨æ¡ä»¶ä¸è·èï¼æè
ææ¡æ³å¾æ¯å¦è½å¤å宪æ³ä¸è´ã
</p>
<p>
-è¿ä¸ªè¿ç¨ä¸çææææé½æ¯æ¯ææ¼æææä¹ä¸çèªç±ãè¯è®¼æ¡æ
æè¦æ¯å
¬å¼çï¼å«äººå¯ä»¥èªç±ä½¿ç¨ã论æ®æ¯éæçï¼è¿ä¸åäºè¯´å®ä»¬æ¯å¥½çï¼ï¼æ¨çå¯ä»¥æ
é¡»å¾å°åå¾å¸å
许è被æ¿èµ°ãå®ä»¬äº§ççè§ç¹å¯ä»¥å¨ä»¥åçæ¡æ
æè¦éé¢å¼ç¨ï¼å¹¶å¯ä»¥å¤å¶æ综åè¿å«çæ¡æ
æè¦ææè§ä¸ãç¾å½æ³å¾ç“æºä»£ç
”å¨è®¾è®¡ä¸åååä¸ï¼å¯¹ä»»ä½ä½¿ç¨å®ç人é½æ¯å¼æ¾åèªç±çãæ¿å¾å¸æ¥è¯´ï¼éè¿éå¤ä½¿ç¨ä»¥ååççæ¡ä»¶ï¼ä¸ä¸ªä¼å¤§çæ¡æ
æè¦å°±è·å¾äºåé
åï¼è¿æ¯è¡¡éæè¦çæ¹æ³ãåå§èµææ¯èªç±çï¼åæ°åç»æµç§©åºå¨å
¶ä¸å»ºç«ã
+è¿ä¸ªè¿ç¨ä¸çææææé½æ¯æ¯ææ¼æææä¹ä¸çèªç±ãè¯è®¼æ¡æ
æè¦æ¯å
¬å¼çï¼å«äººå¯ä»¥èªç±ä½¿ç¨ã论æ®æ¯éæçï¼è¿ä¸åäºè¯´å®ä»¬æ¯å¥½çï¼ï¼æ¨çå¯ä»¥æ
é¡»å¾å°åå¾å¸å
许è被æ¿èµ°ãå®ä»¬äº§ççè§ç¹å¯ä»¥å¨ä»¥åçæ¡æ
æè¦éé¢å¼ç¨ï¼å¹¶å¯ä»¥å¤å¶æ综åè¿å«çæ¡æ
æè¦ææè§ä¸ãç¾å½æ³å¾ç“æºä»£ç
”å¨è®¾è®¡ä¸åååä¸ï¼å¯¹ä»»ä½ä½¿ç¨å®ç人é½æ¯å¼æ¾åèªç±çãæ¿å¾å¸æ¥è¯´——éè¿éå¤ä½¿ç¨ä»¥ååççæ¡ä»¶ï¼ä¸ä¸ªä¼å¤§çæ¡æ
æè¦å°±è·å¾äºåé
åï¼è¿æ¯è¡¡éæè¦çæ¹æ³ãåå§èµææ¯èªç±çï¼åæ°åç»æµç§©åºå¨å
¶ä¸å»ºç«ã
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<p>
èªç±ä»£ç ï¼è¿éææèªç±çæ³å¾ä»£ç
ï¼å½¢æçç»æµç§©åºå¹¶æ²¡æ饿æ»å¾å¸ã尽管任ä½äººé½å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨åå¤å¶ä»ä»¬åæçä¸è¥¿ï¼å¾å¸äºå¡æä»ç¶æ足å¤å¨æºæ¥ä½åºå¥½çæ¡æ
æè¦ãå¾å¸æ¯è½å·¥å·§å ï¼ä»ï¼å¥¹ç产åæ¯å
¬å¼çãä½æ¯è¿ç§å·¥èºä¸æ¯æ
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¥ï¼å
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¬ãç¸åï¼éè¿åæ¥çå·¥ä½è¡¥å
以åçå·¥ä½ï¼è¿ç§ç»æµç¹è£èµ·æ¥ã
</p>
<p>
-æ们å¯ä»¥æ³è±¡ä¸ç§ä¸åçæ³å¾å®æ½æ¹æ³—ä¿å¯çæ¡æ
å论æ®ï¼åªæç»æ没æ论è¯çå¤å³ãè¦æ¹ææèä¸åå«äººåå¸çæ³å¾ãä¸è§£éæ¡ä»¤èå®è¡çæ³è§ã
+æ们å¯ä»¥æ³è±¡ä¸ç§ä¸åçæ³å¾å®æ½æ¹æ³——ä¿å¯çæ¡æ
å论æ®ï¼åªæç»æ没æ论è¯çå¤å³ãè¦æ¹ææèä¸åå«äººåå¸çæ³å¾ãä¸è§£éæ¡ä»¤èå®è¡çæ³è§ã
</p>
<p>
æ们å¯ä»¥æ³è±¡è¿ä¸ªç¤¾ä¼ï¼ä½æ¯æ们æ æ³æ³è±¡ç§°å
¶ä¸º“èªç±”ãä¸ç®¡è¿æ ·ç社ä¼æ¯å¦è½æ´å¥½å°æè
æ´ææå°åé
è½å¨æ§ï¼è¿ä¸ªç¤¾ä¼ä¸è½ç§°ä¸ºæ¯èªç±çãèªç±ççæ³ï¼å¨èªç±ç¤¾ä¼çæ´»ççæ³ï¼è¦æ±çä¸åªæ¯é«æçåºç¨ãç¸åï¼å¼æ¾åéææ¯å»ºç«èªç±ç¤¾ä¼æ³å¾ä½ç³»çéå¶æ¡ä»¶ï¼èä¸æ¯å¦æ对é¢å¯¼æå©å°±æ·»å
è¿æ¥çå¯é项ãç±è½¯ä»¶ä»£ç
æ§å¶ççæ´»ä¸åºè¯¥æ¯è¿ä¸ªæ´ä¸èªç±ã
@@ -81,14 +87,15 @@
ç¶èï¼æ们è¿æ²¡æè·å¾èªç±ãæ们å¨ä¿æ¤å®çæ¶åå¾å¯è½å¤±è´¥ï¼ä½æ¯ï¼ä¸ç®¡æè´¥å¦ä½ï¼è¿äºæç«
é½å±ç¤ºäºè¿ä¸ªèªç±ãå¨äº§çè¿äºæ¼è®²åèä½ççå½éï¼æç对ææ象æ¯ææ¼ä¸æ
·ä¸ºèªç±èæç人çé¼èã
</p>
-<p>
-<strong>Lawrence Lessig</strong><br />
-<strong>æ¯å¦ç¦å¤§å¦æ³å¦é¢æ³å¦ææ</strong>
-</p>
-
+<div class="infobox extra" role="complementary">
<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>请äºè§£æ´å¤<a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>èªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±ç¤¾ä¼ï¼çæ¥å¾·Â·é©¬ä¿®Â·æ¯ææ¼éé</cite></a>ã</p></blockquote>
+<p id="lessig">
+[*] Lawrence Lessig å½æ¶æ¯æ¯å¦ç¦å¤§å¦æ³å¦é¢æ³å¦ææã</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">请äºè§£æ´å¤<a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>èªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±ç¤¾ä¼ï¼çæ¥å¾·Â·é©¬ä¿®Â·æ¯ææ¼éé</cite></a>ã</p></div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -98,7 +105,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.zh-cn.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>请å°æå
³èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼ï¼FSFï¼&GNUçä¸è¬æ§é®é¢åéå°<a
@@ -117,15 +124,32 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
-è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>è·åæå
³åè°åæ交翻è¯çç¸å
³äºé¡¹ã</p>
+æ们尽æ大åªåæ¥æä¾ç²¾ååé«è´¨éçç¿»è¯ï¼ä½é¾å
ä¼åå¨é误åä¸è¶³ãå¦ææ¨å¨è¿æ¹é¢æè¯è®ºæä¸è¬æ§ç建议ï¼è¯·åéè³
<a
+href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã</p><p>å
³äºè¿è¡åè°ä¸æ交翻è¯çæ´å¤ä¿¡æ¯åè§
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">ãè¯è
æåã</a>ã</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2013, 2017, 2018, 2020 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>æ¬é¡µé¢éç¨<a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative Commons
@@ -137,12 +161,12 @@
<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
<b>ç¿»è¯</b>ï¼æ½æ°¸ä¹ï¼2014ã<br></br>
<b>ç¿»è¯å¢é</b>ï¼<a rel="team"
-href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn/";><CTT></a>ï¼2018ï¼2020ã</div>
+href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn/";><CTT></a>ï¼2018ï¼2020ï¼2021ã</div>
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
æåæ´æ°ï¼
-$Date: 2020/10/28 06:59:35 $
+$Date: 2021/09/26 10:02:15 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn-en.html 28 Oct 2020 06:59:36 -0000
1.2
+++ po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn-en.html 26 Sep 2021 10:02:15 -0000
1.3
@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays aboutfs free-open" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why “Free Software” is better than “Open Source”
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Why “Free Software” is better than “Open
Source”</h2>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>This article has been superseded by a major rewrite,
+<div class="infobox" style="font-style: italic">
+<p>This article has been superseded by a major rewrite,
<a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">“Open
Source” misses the point of Free Software</a>, which is much
-better. We keep this version for historical reasons.</p></blockquote>
+better. We keep this version for historical reasons.</p>
</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>
While free software by any other name would give you the same
@@ -20,7 +28,7 @@
<p>
In 1998, some of the people in the free software community began using
-the term <a href="https://opensource.org/";>“open source
+the term <a href="https://opensource.org";>“open source
software”</a> instead of <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">“free
software”</a> to describe what they do. The term “open
source”
quickly became associated with a different approach, a different
@@ -36,8 +44,8 @@
movement, the issue of whether software should be open source is a
practical question, not an ethical one. As one person put it, “Open
source is a development methodology; free software is a social
-movement.” For the Open Source movement, non-free software is a
-suboptimal solution. For the Free Software movement, non-free
+movement.” For the Open Source movement, nonfree software is a
+suboptimal solution. For the Free Software movement, nonfree
software is a social problem and free software is the solution.</p>
<h3 id="relationship">Relationship between the Free Software
@@ -72,7 +80,7 @@
obscured behind a group with different views. To prevent people from
thinking we are part of them, we take pains to avoid using the word
“open” to describe free software, or its contrary,
-“closed”, in talking about non-free software.</p>
+“closed,” in talking about nonfree software.</p>
<p>
So please mention the Free Software movement when you talk about the
@@ -83,7 +91,7 @@
<p>
This rest of this article compares the two terms “free software”
and
-“open source”. It shows why the term “open source”
does not solve
+“open source.” It shows why the term “open source”
does not solve
any problems, and in fact creates some.</p>
<h3 id="ambiguity">Ambiguity</h3>
@@ -200,7 +208,7 @@
talk too.</p>
<p>
-At present, we have plenty of “keep quiet”, but not enough
+At present, we have plenty of “keep quiet,” but not enough
freedom talk. Most people involved with free software say little
about freedom—usually because they seek to be “more
acceptable to business.” Software distributors especially show
@@ -213,8 +221,8 @@
<p>
We are failing to keep up with the influx of free software users,
failing to teach people about freedom and our community as fast as
-they enter it. This is why non-free software (which Qt was when it
-first became popular), and partially non-free operating system
+they enter it. This is why nonfree software (which Qt was when it
+first became popular), and partially nonfree operating system
distributions, find such fertile ground. To stop using the word
“free” now would be a mistake; we need more, not less, talk about
freedom.</p>
@@ -250,13 +258,13 @@
official definition, said this:</p>
<blockquote><p>
-As is common in the open source community, users of the ...
-technology will also be able to collaborate with IBM ...
+As is common in the open source community, users of the …
+technology will also be able to collaborate with IBM…
</p></blockquote>
<p>
This did not actually say that the program <em>was</em> “open
-source”, but many readers did not notice that detail. (I should note
+source,” but many readers did not notice that detail. (I should note
that IBM was sincerely trying to make this program free software, and
later adopted a new license which does make it free software and
“open source”; but when that announcement was made, the program did
@@ -275,19 +283,19 @@
<p>
Unlike IBM, Cygnus was not trying to make these packages free
software, and the packages did not come close to qualifying. But
-Cygnus didn't actually say that these are “open source software”,
+Cygnus didn't actually say that these are “open source software,”
they just made use of the term to give careless readers that
impression.</p>
<p>
These observations suggest that a trademark would not have truly
-prevented the confusion that comes with the term “open source”.</p>
+prevented the confusion that comes with the term “open source.”</p>
<h3 id="newinnovember">Misunderstandings(?) of “Open Source”</h3>
<p>
The Open Source Definition is clear enough, and it is quite clear that
-the typical non-free program does not qualify. So you would think
+the typical nonfree program does not qualify. So you would think
that “Open Source company” would mean one whose products are free
software (or close to it), right? Alas, many companies are trying to
give it a different meaning.</p>
@@ -314,16 +322,16 @@
<p>
Over the years, many companies have contributed to free software
-development. Some of these companies primarily developed non-free
+development. Some of these companies primarily developed nonfree
software, but the two activities were separate; thus, we could ignore
-their non-free products, and work with them on free software projects.
+their nonfree products, and work with them on free software projects.
Then we could honestly thank them afterward for their free software
contributions, without talking about the rest of what they did.</p>
<p>
We cannot do the same with these new companies, because they won't let
us. These companies actively invite the public to lump all their
-activities together; they want us to regard their non-free software as
+activities together; they want us to regard their nonfree software as
favorably as we would regard a real contribution, although it is not
one. They present themselves as “open source companies,” hoping
that we will get a warm fuzzy feeling about them, and that we will be
@@ -339,11 +347,11 @@
<p>
At a trade show in late 1998, dedicated to the operating system often
referred to
-as <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">“Linux”</a>, the
+as “<a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</a>,” the
featured speaker was an executive from a prominent software company.
He was probably invited on account of his company's decision to
“support” that system. Unfortunately, their form of
-“support” consists of releasing non-free software that
+“support” consists of releasing nonfree software that
works with the system—in other words, using our community as a
market but not contributing to it.</p>
@@ -378,9 +386,8 @@
Project, so we can help do that job. If you feel that freedom and
community are important for their own sake—not just for the
convenience they bring—please join us in using the term
-“free software”.</p>
-
-<hr />
+“free software.”</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<!-- The archived version is truncated.
<p>
@@ -388,24 +395,25 @@
<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080703140137/http://www.itworld.com/LWD010523vcontrol4";>Live
and
let license [archived]</a> that gives his perspective on this issue.</p>
-->
-
+<h3 class="footnote">Note</h3>
<p>
Lakhani and Wolf's
-<a
href="http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf";>paper
on the
+<a
href="https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf";>paper
on the
motivation of free software developers</a> says that a considerable
fraction are motivated by the view that software should be free. This
was despite the fact that they surveyed the developers on SourceForge,
a site that does not support the view that this is an ethical issue.</p>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This essay is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">This essay is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -423,16 +431,33 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2007, 2016, 2020 Free Software
Foundation,
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 1998-2003, 2007, 2010, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
@@ -443,10 +468,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/28 06:59:36 $
+$Date: 2021/09/26 10:02:15 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.14
retrieving revision 1.15
diff -u -b -r1.14 -r1.15
--- po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.po 26 Sep 2021 09:53:50 -0000
1.14
+++ po/free-software-for-freedom.zh-cn.po 26 Sep 2021 10:02:15 -0000
1.15
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-08-20 20:25+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
Index: po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn-en.html 28 Oct 2020 06:59:37 -0000 1.4
+++ po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn-en.html 26 Sep 2021 10:02:15 -0000 1.5
@@ -1,22 +1,26 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="thirdparty" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Introduction to Free Software, Free Society
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<h2>Introduction
-to <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><i>Free
-Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</i></a></h2>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
+<h2>Introduction to
+<cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of
+Richard M. Stallman</cite></h2>
+
+<address class="byline">
+by Lawrence Lessig <a href="#lessig"><sup>[*]</sup></a>
+</address>
<p>
-by Lawrence Lessig, Professor of Law, Stanford Law School
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Every generation has its philosopher — a writer or an artist who
+Every generation has its philosopher—a writer or an artist who
captures the imagination of a time. Sometimes these philosophers are
recognized as such; often it takes generations before the connection
is made real. But recognized or not, a time gets marked by the people
@@ -36,7 +40,7 @@
“Code” is the technology that makes computers run. Whether
inscribed in software or burned in hardware, it is the collection of
instructions, first written in words, that directs the functionality
-of machines. These machines — computers — increasingly
+of machines. These machines—computers—increasingly
define and control our life. They determine how phones connect, and
what runs on TV. They decide whether video can be streamed across a
broadband link to a computer. They control what a computer reports
@@ -142,7 +146,7 @@
briefs. They can be copied and integrated into another brief or
opinion. The “source code” for American law is by design,
and by principle, open and free for anyone to take. And take lawyers
-do — for it is a measure of a great brief that it achieves its
+do—for it is a measure of a great brief that it achieves its
creativity through the reuse of what happened before. The source is
free; creativity and an economy is built upon it.
</p>
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@
flourishes, with later work added to the earlier.
</p>
<p>
-We could imagine a legal practice that was different — briefs
+We could imagine a legal practice that was different—briefs
and arguments that were kept secret; rulings that announced a result
but not the reasoning. Laws that were kept by the police but
published to no one else. Regulation that operated without explaining
@@ -189,7 +193,7 @@
known, and among these, an especially insightful account of the
changed circumstances that render copyright in the digital world
suspect. They will serve as a resource for those who seek to
-understand the thought of this most powerful man — powerful in
+understand the thought of this most powerful man—powerful in
his ideas, his passion, and his integrity, even if powerless in every
other way. They will inspire others who would take these ideas, and
build upon them.
@@ -202,8 +206,8 @@
</p>
<p>
Yet when our world finally comes to understand the power and danger of
-code — when it finally sees that code, like laws, or like
-government, must be transparent to be free — then we will look
+code—when it finally sees that code, like laws, or like
+government, must be transparent to be free—then we will look
back at this uncompromising and persistent programmer and recognize
the vision he has fought to make real: the vision of a world where
freedom and knowledge survives the compiler. And we will come to see
@@ -218,20 +222,22 @@
fight to create this freedom.
</p>
-<p>
-<strong>Lawrence Lessig</strong><br />
-<strong>Professor of Law, Stanford Law School.</strong>
-</p>
-
+<div class="infobox extra" role="complementary">
<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Learn more about
-<a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<p id="lessig">
+[*] Lawrence Lessig was then Professor of Law at Stanford Law
+School.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Learn more about
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -249,17 +255,34 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2013, 2017, 2018, 2020 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -269,7 +292,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/28 06:59:37 $
+$Date: 2021/09/26 10:02:15 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.po 26 Sep 2021 09:37:10 -0000 1.11
+++ po/lessig-fsfs-intro.zh-cn.po 26 Sep 2021 10:02:15 -0000 1.12
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-08-20 20:26+0000\n"
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