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From: |
Therese Godefroy |
|
Subject: |
www/philosophy rms-patents.html savingeurope.ht... |
|
Date: |
Wed, 22 Sep 2021 04:18:39 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /webcvs/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Therese Godefroy <th_g> 21/09/22 04:18:39
Modified files:
philosophy : rms-patents.html savingeurope.html
second-sight.html
software-libre-commercial-viability.html
trivial-patent.html w3c-patent.html
wassenaar.html why-audio-format-matters.html
philosophy/sco : sco-gnu-linux.html sco.html sco-preemption.html
sco-v-ibm.html sco-without-fear.html
subpoena.html
Log message:
* Add breadcrumb; update to boilerplate 1.96; only list
copyrightable years.
* As needed: use byline class; move non-essential data to the end;
update links; make link text meaningful; http > https;
non-free > nonfree; standardize quotes & dashes, uncapitalize
'free software', etc.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/rms-patents.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/savingeurope.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.37&r2=1.38
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/second-sight.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.30&r2=1.31
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/software-libre-commercial-viability.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.13&r2=1.14
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/trivial-patent.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.31&r2=1.32
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/w3c-patent.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.44&r2=1.45
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/wassenaar.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.26&r2=1.27
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/why-audio-format-matters.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.27&r2=1.28
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.28&r2=1.29
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/sco/sco.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.34&r2=1.35
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/sco/sco-preemption.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.19&r2=1.20
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/sco/sco-v-ibm.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.23&r2=1.24
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/sco/sco-without-fear.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.26&r2=1.27
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/sco/subpoena.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.19&r2=1.20
Patches:
Index: rms-patents.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/rms-patents.html,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- rms-patents.html 10 Sep 2016 18:23:12 -0000 1.3
+++ rms-patents.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.4
@@ -1,19 +1,30 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
-
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Solutions to the Software Patent Problem
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="screen"><!--
+#content span { font-style: italic; color: #505050; }
+--></style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/rms-patents.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Solutions to the Software Patent Problem</h2>
-<p>by <strong>Richard Stallman</strong></p>
+<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address>
-<p><em>Speech given at the Locatelli Center, Santa Clara University,
-in November 2012</em> (<a
+<div class="infobox">
+<p>Speech given at the Locatelli Center, Santa Clara University,
+in November 2012 (<a
href="//audio-video.gnu.org/video/keynote-what-is-the-problem.webm">video</a>,
<a href="//audio-video.gnu.org/video/#2012">metadata</a>)</p>
-<hr />
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p><b>Andrew Chen:</b> Thank you, Eric.</p>
@@ -39,7 +50,7 @@
<p>Dr Stallman.</p>
-<p>[applause]</p>
+<p><span>[applause]</span></p>
<p><b>Richard Stallman:</b> Can the tech people please confirm that
the streaming is off?</p>
@@ -168,7 +179,7 @@
idea.</p>
<p>So, that's the case I want to get at, and I'm trying to separate it
-from a case like that in <cite>Diamond vs. Diehr</cite> where there
+from a case like that in <cite>Diamond v. Diehr</cite> where there
was a patent for a system, a method of curing rubber. The
implementation involved a computer, but it also involved special
purpose hardware, not a general purpose universal machine, and that
@@ -235,13 +246,14 @@
<p>So, there I go.</p>
-<p>[applause]</p>
+<p><span>[applause]</span></p>
<p><b>Andrew Chen:</b> Thank you, Dr Stallman.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -259,13 +271,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -296,10 +308,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2016/09/10 18:23:12 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: savingeurope.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/savingeurope.html,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- savingeurope.html 15 Dec 2018 14:02:38 -0000 1.37
+++ savingeurope.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.38
@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
-
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Saving Europe from Software Patents - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/savingeurope.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Saving Europe from Software Patents</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>
Imagine that each time you made a software design decision, and
@@ -93,13 +98,14 @@
that respects users' freedom. Giving the public the full spectrum of
general-purpose software is within our reach—unless giving
software to the public is prohibited.</p>
-<p>
+<p class="important">
Software patents threaten to do that. The time to take action is now.
-Please visit <a href="http://www.ffii.org/";>www.ffii.org</a> for more
+Please visit <a href="https://ffii.org/";>ffii.org</a> for more
information, plus detailed suggestions for action. And please take
time to help.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
-<h4>Footnotes:</h4>
+<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3>
<ol>
<li id="ft1">The European Patent Office, used by many European
@@ -118,18 +124,12 @@
<li id="ft3">As of 2017 the patents on playing MP3 files have
reportedly expired.</li>
</ol>
-
-<hr />
-<h4><a href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">Other Texts to Read</a></h4>
-<ul>
- <li>Get the latest threats to Europe's internet
- from <a href="http://www.ffii.org";>ffii.org</a></li>
-</ul>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -147,13 +147,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2018/12/15 14:02:38 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: second-sight.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/second-sight.html,v
retrieving revision 1.30
retrieving revision 1.31
diff -u -b -r1.30 -r1.31
--- second-sight.html 15 Dec 2018 14:02:38 -0000 1.30
+++ second-sight.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.31
@@ -1,19 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
-
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural society" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Free Software and (e-)Government - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/second-sight.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Free Software and (e-)Government</h2>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>This article originally appeared in The Guardian
-— March 3, 2005</p></blockquote>
-</div>
-
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>
The UK government has funded the development of software useful for
@@ -27,8 +28,8 @@
to make them pay, now, for permission to use it? Isn't it absurd to
restrict what they can do with it? Alas, such absurdity is not
unusual; it is standard practice for governments to deliver publicly
-funded software into private hands, to companies that make the public
-— and even the government — beg for permission to use it
+funded software into private hands, to companies that make the
+public—and even the government—beg for permission to use it
afterwards.
</p>
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@
Even worse, they impose frustrating restrictions on the users, denying
them access to the software's source code, the plans that a programmer
can read and understand and change. All the users get is an
-executable, a “black box”, so that they cannot adapt it,
+executable, a “black box,” so that they cannot adapt it,
understand it or even verify what it does.
</p>
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@
<p>
The word “free” refers to freedom, not price; think
-“free speech”, not “free beer”. When there are
+“free speech,” not “free beer.” When there are
users that value support and are willing to pay for it, free software
means a free market for support, instead of a monopoly. Free software
also offers government agencies a way to fulfil their responsibility
@@ -68,9 +69,9 @@
<p>
Since 1984, groups of volunteers have developed and maintained
-powerful and useful free programs — a few at first, then entire
+powerful and useful free programs—a few at first, then entire
operating systems such as GNU/Linux and BSD. Today,
-the <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page";>Free Software
Directory</a>
+the <a href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page";>Free Software
Directory</a>
lists almost 4,000 free software packages. The UK government has already
decided to increase its use of free software; here is a perfect opportunity to
both use it and contribute.
@@ -89,15 +90,17 @@
leadership.
</p>
-<pre>
--- Richard Stallman launched the GNU operating system (www.gnu.org) in
- 1984 and founded the Free Software Foundation (fsf.org) in 1985.
-</pre>
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>This article originally appeared in <cite>The Guardian</cite>,
+March 3, 2005, under the title “Second Sight.”</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -115,13 +118,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2018/12/15 14:02:38 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: software-libre-commercial-viability.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/software-libre-commercial-viability.html,v
retrieving revision 1.13
retrieving revision 1.14
diff -u -b -r1.13 -r1.14
--- software-libre-commercial-viability.html 12 Apr 2014 12:40:46 -0000
1.13
+++ software-libre-commercial-viability.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000
1.14
@@ -1,29 +1,34 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="thirdparty" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Software Libre and Commercial Viability
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/software-libre-commercial-viability.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Software Libre and Commercial Viability</h2>
-<blockquote>
-<p>(Nov 12th 1998, published in February 1999)</p>
-</blockquote>
+<address class="byline">by Alessandro Rubini
+<a href="#rubini"> <sup>[*]</sup></a></address>
-<p>
-by <strong>Alessandro Rubini</strong></p>
+<p><i>Nov 12th 1998, published in February 1999</i></p>
<p>Fortunately, Linus' project of world domination is going to come true
fairly soon. The trend toward this goal can be verified by checking
how the press is behaving towards GNU/Linux solutions, looking at how
-several educational entities are going to introduce Free Software in
+several educational entities are going to introduce free software in
the schools and verifying its usual technical excellence.</p>
<p>Today in 1998 (yes, it is still 1998 as I write), the most
important job remaining, in my opinion, is propagating the social and
-commercial implications of Free Software. While I greatly appreciated
+commercial implications of free software. While I greatly appreciated
Russell Nelson's article “Open Source Software Model” in
-the July issue of <i>LJ</i>, I feel the need to expand on the points
+the July issue of <cite>LJ</cite>, I feel the need to expand on the points
he briefly touched.</p>
<p>Please note that I'm not an expert in economics or politics. I'm
@@ -31,20 +36,20 @@
based on his own experience in the battle for survival, in the hopes
of helping someone else adapt to new environmental conditions. Some of
these ideas have already been discussed with friends or on the Free
-Software Business mailing list
-(<a
href="mailto:fsb-subscribe@crynwr.com";><fsb-subscribe@crynwr.com></a>),
+Software Business mailing list,
+<a href="mailto:fsb-subscribe@crynwr.com";><fsb-subscribe@crynwr.com></a>,
which I joined after reading Russell's article.</p>
<h3 id="sec1">Viability for Individual Consultants</h3>
-<p>The best feature of any computer system is flexibility —
-allowing users to tailor its behaviour to their own needs. This
+<p>The best feature of any computer system is flexibility—allowing
+users to tailor its behaviour to their own needs. This
flexibility is often completely unknown to the general computer user,
because proprietary software solutions tend to hide functionality
behind a rigid external interface which denies any divergence from the
expected behaviour—a <i>user's</i> behaviour.</p>
-<p>When adopting Free Software, users are able to discover the real
+<p>When adopting free software, users are able to discover the real
power of computer systems. Today I talked with a commercial consultant
who never thought that programs could be adapted to one's needs. He
confessed his company has always acted the other way around—they
@@ -70,18 +75,18 @@
be more expensive in the end than some of the commercial
alternatives. This fact is not relevant to my clients, as they have
exactly what they want and they know they can have more should the
-need arise. The program is obviously Free Software and other centers
+need arise. The program is obviously free software and other centers
expressed interest in getting a copy.</p>
-<p>As more and more people are choosing Free Software to address their
+<p>As more and more people are choosing free software to address their
needs, I'm sure some software companies will try to demonize GNU/Linux
-and both the Free Software and the Open Source movements because they
+and both the free software and the Open Source movements because they
are losing their own market share. Such companies will probably try to
demonstrate that IT employment is decreasing and that humankind is
-being damaged by the general adoption of Free Software. This whole
+being damaged by the general adoption of free software. This whole
argument is bogus; computers exist to be programmed, and the more you
allow programming them, the more you build employment opportunities.
-If you count the number of people who offer Free Software consulting,
+If you count the number of people who offer free software consulting,
you will greatly exceed any shrinkage of proprietary companies.
Sticking to my previous example, the physiology lab hired my company
to write the program, and other centers interested in the product are
@@ -90,14 +95,14 @@
program working? Yes, the program is working well, but there <i>is</i>
room for enhancement of the product. The local lab decided to stop
development “because we must run our experiment rather than
-invent new software features”. As anyone knows, every program
+invent new software features.” As anyone knows, every program
has a bug and a missing feature, and this is where we build our
credibility: bugs <i>can</i> be fixed and features <i>can</i> be
implemented. As I suggested before, the more you make things
programmable, the more they will be programmed.</p>
<p>Why should there be more employment opportunities in IT than there
-are now? First of all, because Free Software users have more requests
+are now? First of all, because free software users have more requests
for new features than users of proprietary products do, as explained
above. Next, because anyone can build her own professionalism without
paying tributes to access the sources of information. I built my own
@@ -127,14 +132,14 @@
leverage technical knowledge to anyone willing to learn. Whereas a
proprietary product can be supported only by a limited number of
qualified consultants (whose number and quality is centrally managed),
-the number of consultants supporting a Free Software solution is
+the number of consultants supporting a free software solution is
virtually unlimited and the offer can quickly adapt to the request.</p>
<p>In a world where computers are just tools to accomplish some other
goals, easy customization and quick maintenance are basic requirements
-of power users. In my opinion, Free Software will quickly gain the
+of power users. In my opinion, free software will quickly gain the
trust it needs to be a real market phenomenon. As soon as you start to
-trust some Free Software products, you learn that they deserve more.
+trust some free software products, you learn that they deserve more.
GNU/Linux fans must be ready to offer support in order to fulfill the
upcoming need for consultants.</p>
@@ -182,8 +187,8 @@
<h3 id="sec3">Viability for Education Centers</h3>
<p>Needless to say, schools and universities have the best interest in
-teaching information technologies using Free Software tools. Due to
-its technical superiority, Free Software environments have more to
+teaching information technologies using free software tools. Due to
+its technical superiority, free software environments have more to
offer to the students, but also need more technical knowledge to be
proficiently administered. I see no money saved here in choosing Free
operating systems over proprietary ones, but educational entities
@@ -195,7 +200,7 @@
France, for example, have announced plans to use GNU/Linux in their
public schools.</p>
-<p>One more point leads toward Free Software in education: when
+<p>One more point leads toward free software in education: when
students get jobs, they prefer to use tools they learned at school in
order to minimize extra learning efforts. This fact should lead
colleges to teach only those tools not owned by anyone—those
@@ -212,7 +217,7 @@
implications as well.</p>
<p>
-While Free Software may not be cheaper than proprietary software if
+While free software may not be cheaper than proprietary software if
you bill for your own time, some environments use different rates in
converting time to money. Most emerging countries have good
intellectual resources but little money, and they usually have many
@@ -222,14 +227,14 @@
point by underlining that “Linux” is growing very fast in
the Far East. Charity organizations usually have this same
environment—little money and a good amount of human
-resources. This leads straight to the Free Software model for any IT
+resources. This leads straight to the free software model for any IT
requirement.</p>
<p>These ideas will probably suggest that free availability of
information looks fairly leftist in spirit, as “information to
the masses” looks quite similar to the old adage “power to
-the masses”. What is usually ignored is the strong rightist
-flavour of the Free Software movement. The Free Software arena is
+the masses.” What is usually ignored is the strong rightist
+flavour of the free software movement. The free software arena is
fiercely meritocratic and a perfect environment for free competition,
where the laws of the market ensure that only the best ideas and the
best players survive. Proprietary standards, on the other hand, tend
@@ -239,7 +244,7 @@
<h3 id="sec5">Limits of the Free Software Model</h3>
<p>Naturally, I'm aware that not every software package can easily be
-turned into Free Software. I'm not talking about office
+turned into free software. I'm not talking about office
products—I'm confident some good projects will supply this need,
sooner or later.</p>
@@ -267,19 +272,23 @@
technological content is usually worth reusing and adapting to new
problems.</p>
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>Alessandro writes Free Software for a living and advocates Free
-Software for a mission. He hopes his upcoming child will keep off
+<p id="rubini">[*]
+Alessandro writes free software for a living and advocates free
+software for a mission. He hopes his upcoming child will keep off
computers, recalling the good old times when such beasts where
confined to their technical zoos. He reads e-mail
-as <a href="mailto:rubini@gnu.org";><rubini@gnu.org></a> trying
+at <a href="mailto:rubini@gnu.org";><rubini@gnu.org></a>, trying
to reply to everyone.</p>
-<p>Reprinted with permission of Linux Journal.</p>
+<p>Reprinted with permission of <cite>Linux Journal</cite>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -297,33 +306,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
- files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
- without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
- document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
- document was modified, or published.
-
- If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
- Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
- years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
- year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
- being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
-
- There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
- Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-
<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 Alessandro Rubini</p>
<p>Verbatim copying and redistribution of this entire article are permitted
@@ -334,10 +326,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:46 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: trivial-patent.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/trivial-patent.html,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- trivial-patent.html 18 Nov 2016 06:31:39 -0000 1.31
+++ trivial-patent.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.32
@@ -1,14 +1,19 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
-
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Anatomy of a Trivial Patent - GNU project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/trivial-patent.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>The Anatomy of a Trivial Patent</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>Programmers are well aware that many of the existing software patents
cover laughably obvious ideas. Yet the patent system's defenders often
@@ -89,7 +94,7 @@
<p>It is a basic principle of computer science that if a computer can do
a thing once, it can do that thing many times, on different data each
time. Many patents pretend that applying this principle to a specific
-case makes an “invention”.</p>
+case makes an “invention.”</p>
<blockquote>
<p>using a computer, a computer display and a telecommunications
@@ -214,7 +219,7 @@
<p>Trivial as it is, this patent would not necessarily be found
legally invalid if there is a lawsuit about it. Not only the US
Patent Office but the courts as well tend to apply a very low standard
-when judging whether a patent is “unobvious”. This patent
+when judging whether a patent is “unobvious.” This patent
might pass muster, according to them.</p>
<p>What's more, the courts are reluctant to overrule the Patent
@@ -242,11 +247,12 @@
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000815064858/http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf";>researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf</a>
on web.archive.org.) There is no reason why society should expose software
developers and users to the danger of software patents.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -264,16 +270,33 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
<p>Copyright © 2006, 2016 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
@@ -284,10 +307,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2016/11/18 06:31:39 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: w3c-patent.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/w3c-patent.html,v
retrieving revision 1.44
retrieving revision 1.45
diff -u -b -r1.44 -r1.45
--- w3c-patent.html 21 Aug 2014 15:01:29 -0000 1.44
+++ w3c-patent.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.45
@@ -1,18 +1,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
-
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>FSF's Position on W3 Consortium “Royalty-Free” Patent
Policy - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords"
content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation, Linux, patent, general,
public, license, gpl, general public license, policy, freedom, software, Eben,
Moglen, Eben Moglen" />
<meta http-equiv="Description"
content="The W3C RF patent policy seems on its surface to be helpful to
Free Software, but in fact it is not. FSF encourages the public to say so in
response to the last call." />
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/w3c-patent.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>FSF's Position on W3 Consortium “Royalty-Free” Patent
Policy</h2>
-<p style="text-align:center">
+<p>
<i>Rewritten 1 June 2003</i>
</p>
@@ -34,7 +38,7 @@
that patent holders are allowed to put in their royalty-free patent
licenses. Such restrictions say that you are allowed to practice the
patented idea, but only for implementing the standard precisely as
-specified — not in any other way. Thus, if you change the code
+specified—not in any other way. Thus, if you change the code
to depart from the spec even slightly, the patent license no longer
protects you from against being sued for infringing the patent.</p>
@@ -73,7 +77,7 @@
<p>
Freedom to modify software can always be limited by third-party
patents in ways that the software copyright license doesn't disclose.
-This is why software patents are <a href="http://www.ffii.org/";>so
+This is why software patents are <a href="https://ffii.org/";>so
dangerous to software freedom</a>.</p>
<p>The FSF plans to continue to participate in the implementation
@@ -81,11 +85,12 @@
“field of use” restrictions, and we encourage all those
who care about the right of Free Software developers to implement all
future web standards to do the same.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -103,30 +108,47 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
<p>Copyright © 2002, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/08/21 15:01:29 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: wassenaar.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/wassenaar.html,v
retrieving revision 1.26
retrieving revision 1.27
diff -u -b -r1.26 -r1.27
--- wassenaar.html 12 Apr 2014 12:40:48 -0000 1.26
+++ wassenaar.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.27
@@ -1,10 +1,18 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural evils" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Wassenaar Arrangement
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/wassenaar.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>The Wassenaar Arrangement</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>
Our first information about the new Wassenaar Arrangement came in the
@@ -18,7 +26,7 @@
Subsequently the actual text of the new version of Wassenaar Arrangement was
published. Then we saw that it continues to have an exception that
seems to cover free software. (They use the term “public
-domain”, but they seem to mean something like free software by
+domain,” but they seem to mean something like free software by
that.) So the problem seems to have been a false alarm.</p>
<p>
@@ -34,7 +42,7 @@
<p>
According to the General Software Notes, entry 2, the agreement does
-not cover software which is in “the public domain”. This
+not cover software which is in “the public domain.” This
is defined in the definitions as technology or software which has been
made available without restrictions upon its further dissemination.
There is also a statement that copyright by itself does not deny a
@@ -46,9 +54,9 @@
something that will be clarified at future meetings.</p>
<p>
-Finnish officials have stated that <cite>“nothing will change as
+Finnish officials have stated that “nothing will change as
far as the “public domain” software and the Dec 3
-Wassenaar Arrangement are concerned.”</cite></p>
+Wassenaar Arrangement are concerned.”</p>
<p>
In Denmark, we are told, there has been an incident where the Ministry
@@ -60,10 +68,11 @@
export of free software for encryption by modifying the Wassenaar list
that related to the definition of software “in the public
domain.”</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -81,19 +90,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -112,17 +121,17 @@
Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:48 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: why-audio-format-matters.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/why-audio-format-matters.html,v
retrieving revision 1.27
retrieving revision 1.28
diff -u -b -r1.27 -r1.28
--- why-audio-format-matters.html 22 Jul 2020 12:11:15 -0000 1.27
+++ why-audio-format-matters.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.28
@@ -1,29 +1,33 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.84 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="thirdparty" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why Audio Format Matters
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+h2 { margin-bottom: .1em; }
+h2 + h3 { margin: 0 0 1.2em; }
+--></style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/why-audio-format-matters.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Why Audio Format Matters</h2>
-<h3 class="subtitle">An invitation to audio producers to use Ogg
+<h3>An invitation to audio producers to use Ogg
Vorbis alongside MP3</h3>
-<p>by Karl Fogel</p>
-
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p><a href="http://xiph.org/about/";>More information</a> about
Xiph.org (the
-organization that created Ogg Vorbis) and the importance of free
-distribution formats <a href="http://xiph.org/about/";>is available</a>.</p>
-
-<p>The Free Software Foundation have also produced <a
href="http://playogg.org";>a user-friendly guide to installing Ogg Vorbis
support in Microsoft
-Windows and Apple Mac OS X</a>.</p>
+<address class="byline">by Karl Fogel</address>
+<div class="infobox">
<p>The patents covering MP3 will reportedly all have expired by 2018,
but similar problems will continue to arise as long as patents are
permitted to restrict software development.</p>
-</blockquote>
</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>If you produce audio for general distribution, you probably spend
99.9% of your time thinking about form, content, and production
@@ -72,7 +76,7 @@
free for everyone to use. But until those same liberties are extended
to newer, less familiar methods (like particular standards for
representing sounds via digital encoding), we who generate audio
-works must take care what format we use — and
+works must take care what format we use—and
require our listeners to use.</p>
<h4 class="sec">A way out: Ogg Vorbis format</h4>
@@ -88,8 +92,18 @@
to your tracks, and at the same time help the push for patent-free
standards in distribution formats.</p>
-<p>The Ogg Vorbis home page, <a href="https://xiph.org/vorbis/";
->www.vorbis.com</a>, has all the information you need to both listen
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<p>More information <a href="https://xiph.org/about/";>about Xiph.org</a> (the
+organization that created Ogg Vorbis) and the importance of free
+distribution formats.</p>
+
+<p>The Free Software Foundation has produced a user-friendly <a
+href="https://www.fsf.org/campaigns/playogg/how";>guide to installing Ogg
+Vorbis support in Microsoft Windows and Apple Mac OS X</a>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The <a href="https://xiph.org/vorbis/";>Ogg Vorbis home page</a>
+has all the information you need to both listen
to and produce Vorbis-encoded files. The safest thing, for you and
your listeners, would be to offer Ogg Vorbis files exclusively. But
since there are still some players that can only handle MP3, and you
@@ -110,13 +124,13 @@
in a position to pay: some of your listeners use free software
programs to play audio files. Because this software is freely copied
and downloaded, there is no practical way for either the authors or
-the users to pay a patent fee — that is, to pay for
+the users to pay a patent fee—that is, to pay for
the right to use the mathematical facts that underly the MP3 format.
As a result, these programs cannot legally implement MP3, even though
the tracks the users want to listen to may themselves be perfectly
free! Because of this situation, some distributors of the GNU/Linux
-computer operating system — which has millions of
-users worldwide — have been unable to include MP3
+computer operating system—which has millions of
+users worldwide—have been unable to include MP3
players in their software distributions.</p>
<p>Luckily, you don't have to require such users to engage in civil
@@ -130,10 +144,11 @@
all. But even before that day comes, Ogg Vorbis remains the only
portable, royalty-free audio format on the Internet, and it's worth a
little extra effort to support.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -151,33 +166,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
- files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
- without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
- document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
- document was modified, or published.
-
- If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
- Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
- years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
- year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
- being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
-
- There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
- Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-
<p>Copyright © 2007 Karl Fogel</p>
<p>Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are
@@ -188,10 +186,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/07/22 12:11:15 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: sco/sco-gnu-linux.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html,v
retrieving revision 1.28
retrieving revision 1.29
diff -u -b -r1.28 -r1.29
--- sco/sco-gnu-linux.html 12 Apr 2014 12:40:51 -0000 1.28
+++ sco/sco-gnu-linux.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.29
@@ -1,18 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws sco" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>SCO, GNU and Linux
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/sco/po/sco-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>SCO, GNU and Linux</h2>
-<p>
-by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a>
-</p>
-
-<p>
-<i>This article was first published on ZDNet.</i>
-</p>
+<address>by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>
SCO's contract dispute with IBM has been accompanied by a smear
@@ -36,7 +38,7 @@
<p>
We developed GNU starting in 1984 as a campaign for freedom, whose aim was
-to eliminate non-free software from our lives. GNU is free software,
+to eliminate nonfree software from our lives. GNU is free software,
meaning that users are free to run it, study it and change it (or pay
programmers to do this for them), redistribute it (gratis or for a fee),
and publish modified versions. (See <a href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">an
@@ -56,21 +58,21 @@
<p>
Those who combined Linux with GNU didn't recognize that's what they
-were doing, and they spoke of the combination as “Linux”.
+were doing, and they spoke of the combination as “Linux.”
The confusion spread; many users and journalists call the whole system
-“Linux”. Since they also properly call the kernel
-“Linux”, the result is even more confusion: when a
-statement says “Linux”, you can only guess what software
+“Linux.” Since they also properly call the kernel
+“Linux,” the result is even more confusion: when a
+statement says “Linux,” you can only guess what software
it refers to. SCO's irresponsible statements are shot through with
-ambiguous references to “Linux”. It is impossible to
+ambiguous references to “Linux.” It is impossible to
attribute any coherent meaning to them overall, but they appear to
accuse the entire GNU/Linux system of being copied from Unix.
</p>
<p>
-The name GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. The whole point
+The name GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” The whole point
of developing the GNU system is that it is not Unix. Unix is and
-always was non-free software, meaning that it denies its users the
+always was nonfree software, meaning that it denies its users the
freedom to cooperate and to control their computers. To use computers
in freedom as a community, we needed a free software operating system.
We did not have the money to buy and liberate an existing system, but
@@ -93,13 +95,13 @@
<p>
Another SCO tool of obfuscation is the term “intellectual
-property”. This fashionable but foolish term carries an evident
+property.” This fashionable but foolish term carries an evident
bias: that the right way to treat works, ideas, and names is as a kind
of property. Less evident is the harm it does by inciting simplistic
thinking: it lumps together diverse laws—copyright law, patent
law, trademark law and others—which really have little in
common. This leads people to suppose those laws are one single issue,
-the “intellectual property issue”, and think about
+the “intellectual property issue,” and think about
“it”—which means, to think at such a broad abstract
level that the specific social issues raised by these various laws are
not even visible. Any opinion “about intellectual
@@ -145,9 +147,9 @@
but today it also runs with two BSD kernels and the GNU kernel. Our
community cannot be defeated by this.
</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
-<h3>Footnotes</h3>
-
+<h3 class="footnote">Footnote</h3>
<ol>
<li id="footnote">Since this statement directly contradicts the
establishment views of the proprietary software developers, some
@@ -157,14 +159,15 @@
software should be free.</li>
</ol>
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-
-<p><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">Other Texts to Read related
-to SCO</a>.</p>
+<p>This article was first published on <cite>ZDNet</cite>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -182,19 +185,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -209,20 +212,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2003 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2003 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:51 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: sco/sco.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/sco/sco.html,v
retrieving revision 1.34
retrieving revision 1.35
diff -u -b -r1.34 -r1.35
--- sco/sco.html 12 Apr 2014 12:40:51 -0000 1.34
+++ sco/sco.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.35
@@ -1,10 +1,18 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws sco" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>FSF's Position regarding SCO's attacks on Free Software
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/sco/po/sco.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>FSF's Position regarding SCO's attacks on Free Software</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>Much press coverage has been given in the last months to SCO's press and
legal attacks on Free Software and the GNU/Linux system. Even though
@@ -25,23 +33,24 @@
<p>On this site, we will publish documents related to our work opposing
SCO.</p>
<ul>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/subpoena.html"><cite>The SCO Subpoena of
FSF</cite></a>, by
+<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/subpoena.html">The SCO Subpoena of FSF</a>, by
Bradley M. Kuhn, released on Tuesday 18 May 2004.</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-without-fear.html"><cite>SCO: Without Fear
and Without Research </cite></a>, by
+<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-without-fear.html">SCO: Without Fear and
Without Research</a>, by
Eben Moglen, released on Monday 24 November 2003.</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-preemption.html"><cite>SCO Scuttles Sense,
Claiming GPL Invalidity</cite></a>, by
+<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-preemption.html">SCO Scuttles Sense, Claiming
GPL Invalidity</a>, by
Eben Moglen, released on Monday 18 August 2003.</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/questioning-sco.html"><cite>Questioning SCO: A
Hard Look at Nebulous Claims</cite></a>, by
+<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/questioning-sco.html">Questioning SCO: A Hard
Look at Nebulous Claims</a>, by
Eben Moglen, released on Friday 1 August 2003.</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html"><cite>SCO, GNU, and
Linux</cite></a>, by
+<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html">SCO, GNU, and Linux</a>, by
Richard Stallman, released on Sunday 29 June 2003.</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-v-ibm.html"><cite>FSF Statement on <em>SCO v.
IBM</em></cite></a>, by
+<li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-v-ibm.html">FSF Statement on <cite>SCO v.
IBM</cite></a>, by
Eben Moglen, released on Friday 27 June 2003.</li>
</ul>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -59,19 +68,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -90,17 +99,17 @@
2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:51 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: sco/sco-preemption.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/sco/sco-preemption.html,v
retrieving revision 1.19
retrieving revision 1.20
diff -u -b -r1.19 -r1.20
--- sco/sco-preemption.html 12 Apr 2014 12:40:51 -0000 1.19
+++ sco/sco-preemption.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.20
@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws sco" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>SCO Scuttles Sense, Claiming GPL Invalidity
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/sco/po/sco-preemption.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>SCO Scuttles Sense, Claiming GPL Invalidity</h2>
-<p>by <strong>Eben Moglen</strong></p>
-<p>Monday 18 August 2003</p>
+<address class="byline">by Eben Moglen
+<a href="#moglen"><sup>[*]</sup></a></address>
+
+<p><i>Monday 18 August 2003</i></p>
<p>
Now that the tide has turned, and SCO is facing the dissolution of its
@@ -108,21 +117,18 @@
freedom.
</p>
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-
<p>
-<em>
Eben Moglen is professor of law at Columbia University Law School.
He serves without fee as General Counsel of the Free Software Foundation.
-</em>
</p>
-
-<p><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">Other Texts to Read related
-to SCO</a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -140,33 +146,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
- files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
- without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
- document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
- document was modified, or published.
-
- If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
- Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
- years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
- year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
- being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
-
- There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
- Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-
<p>Copyright © 2003 Eben Moglen</p>
<p>Verbatim copying of this article is permitted in any medium,
@@ -176,10 +165,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:51 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: sco/sco-v-ibm.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/sco/sco-v-ibm.html,v
retrieving revision 1.23
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -b -r1.23 -r1.24
--- sco/sco-v-ibm.html 12 Apr 2014 12:40:51 -0000 1.23
+++ sco/sco-v-ibm.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.24
@@ -1,15 +1,24 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws sco" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>FSF Statement on SCO v. IBM
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta name="description" content="FSF Statement on SCO v. IBM lawsuit" />
<meta name="keywords" content="SCO, IBM, GPL, infringement, violation, FSF,
GNU, Linux, freedom, software" />
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/sco/po/sco-v-ibm.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>FSF Statement on <cite>SCO v. IBM</cite></h2>
-<p>by <strong>Eben Moglen</strong></p>
-<p>June 25, 2003</p>
+<address class="byline">by Eben Moglen
+<a href="#moglen"><sup>[*]</sup></a></address>
+
+<p><i>June 25, 2003</i></p>
<p>
The lawsuit brought by the SCO Group against IBM has generated many
@@ -72,7 +81,7 @@
things—that contributors must not enter into non-disclosure
agreements for technical information relevant to their work on GNU
programs, and that they must not consult or make any use of source
-code from non-free programs, including specifically Unix. The
+code from nonfree programs, including specifically Unix. The
Foundation has no basis to believe that GNU contains any material
about which SCO or anyone else could assert valid trade secret or
copyright claims. Contributors could have made misrepresentations of
@@ -139,21 +148,18 @@
community.
</p>
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-
<p>
-<em>
Eben Moglen is General Counsel to FSF, and serves on its board
of directors.
-</em>
</p>
-
-<p><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">Other Texts to Read related
-to SCO</a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -171,19 +177,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -201,17 +207,17 @@
<p>Copyright © 2003, 2013 Free Software Foundation Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:51 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: sco/sco-without-fear.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/sco/sco-without-fear.html,v
retrieving revision 1.26
retrieving revision 1.27
diff -u -b -r1.26 -r1.27
--- sco/sco-without-fear.html 12 Apr 2014 12:40:51 -0000 1.26
+++ sco/sco-without-fear.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.27
@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws sco" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>SCO: Without Fear and Without Research
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/sco/po/sco-without-fear.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>SCO: Without Fear and Without Research</h2>
-<p>by <strong>Eben Moglen</strong></p>
-<p>Monday 24 November 2003</p>
+
+<address class="byline">by Eben
+Moglen <a href="#moglen"><sup>[*]</sup></a></address>
+
+<p><i>Monday 24 November 2003</i></p>
<p>
There's a traditional definition of a shyster: a lawyer who,
@@ -187,29 +196,25 @@
What will we see next from SCO, an attack on the umpire?
</p>
-<h3>Footnotes</h3>
-
+<h3 class="footnote">Footnote</h3>
<ol>
<li id="foot17">The most complete review of the SCO Las Vegas
presentation was written by Bruce Perens, and
-is <a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20030828144050/perens.com/Articles/SCO/SCOSlideShow.html";>archived</a>.</li>
+is <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030828144050/perens.com/Articles/SCO/SCOSlideShow.html";>archived</a>.</li>
</ol>
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-
<p>
-<em>
Eben Moglen is General Counsel to FSF, and serves on its board
of directors.
-</em>
</p>
-
-<p><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">Other Texts to Read related
-to SCO</a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -227,33 +232,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
- files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
- without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
- document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
- document was modified, or published.
-
- If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
- Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
- years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
- year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
- being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
-
- There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
- Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-
<p>Copyright © 2003 Eben Moglen</p>
<p>Verbatim copying of this article is permitted in any medium,
@@ -263,10 +251,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:51 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: sco/subpoena.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/sco/subpoena.html,v
retrieving revision 1.19
retrieving revision 1.20
diff -u -b -r1.19 -r1.20
--- sco/subpoena.html 12 Apr 2014 12:40:51 -0000 1.19
+++ sco/subpoena.html 22 Sep 2021 08:18:39 -0000 1.20
@@ -1,14 +1,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws sco" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The SCO Subpoena of FSF
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/sco/po/subpoena.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>The SCO Subpoena of FSF</h2>
-<p>by <strong>Bradley M. Kuhn</strong></p>
-<p>Tuesday 18 May 2004</p>
+<address class="byline">by Bradley M. Kuhn</address>
+
+<p><i>Tuesday 18 May 2004</i></p>
<p>
Late last year, we were subpoenaed by SCO as part of the ongoing dispute
@@ -42,9 +50,9 @@
was not succeeding, has instead bought their FUD at a bargain price
from a third party. The “license” that Microsoft bought
for SCO's “technology” was, more than anything else, a fee
-for the service of attacking the Free Software Movement and its
+for the service of attacking the free software movement and its
lowest-level program, the kernel named Linux. Now that there has once
-been a “SCO”, there will always be some “SCO”
+been a “SCO,” there will always be some “SCO”
to come and attack our movement and our work.
</p>
@@ -55,7 +63,7 @@
would attack only the kernel Linux, or the entire GNU/Linux operating
system. As copyright holder on most major components of the GNU/Linux
system, we of course feared that even while our copyright assignment
-process is the best and most diligent in the whole Free Software world, we
+process is the best and most diligent in the whole free software world, we
would still be required to expend great effort in showing a judge how
exactly we did this job. We are grateful for SCO's tactical error of
attacking one of the deepest pockets on earth, IBM, who has the checkbook
@@ -68,7 +76,7 @@
why it is that Linux was attacked and GNU was not. For more than a
decade, FSF has urged projects to build a process whereby the legal
assembly of the software is as sound as the software development itself.
-Many Free Software developers saw the copyright assignment process used
+Many free software developers saw the copyright assignment process used
for most GNU components as a nuisance, but we arduously designed and
redesigned the process to remove the onerousness. Now the SCO fiasco has
shown the community the resilience and complete certainty that a good
@@ -85,18 +93,18 @@
momentous task.
</p>
-<hr style="text-align:left; margin: 0 auto 0 0; width:30%;" />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
As always, we at FSF look to the long-term future. SCO is a
-blip—a precursor to the challenges Free Software will face. We
+blip—a precursor to the challenges free software will face. We
strive to be ahead of that curve and lead the way for a legally
-certain future for Free Software.
+certain future for free software.
</p>
<p>
We need your support to continue this work. We ask that if you are not yet
-<a href="http://member.fsf.org";>an associate member of FSF, that you
+<a href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/";>an associate member of FSF, that you
join now</a>. If you join before 15 June 2004, you will receive a
complimentary print copy of Lawrence Lessig's new book, <cite>Free
Culture</cite>. We are happy to celebrate the addition of Professor
@@ -105,15 +113,13 @@
</p>
<p>
-If you already an associate member, please encourage a friend to join!
+If you are already an associate member, please encourage a friend to join!
</p>
-
-<p><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">Other Texts to Read related
-to SCO</a>.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -131,19 +137,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -161,18 +167,18 @@
<p>Copyright © 2004, 2008, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:51 $
+$Date: 2021/09/22 08:18:39 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
- www/philosophy rms-patents.html savingeurope.ht...,
Therese Godefroy <=