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www/philosophy computing-progress.es.html copyr...
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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy computing-progress.es.html copyr... |
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Date: |
Sun, 12 Sep 2021 06:34:33 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/09/12 06:34:33
Modified files:
philosophy : computing-progress.es.html
copyright-and-globalization.es.html
danger-of-software-patents.es.html
ebooks.es.html floss-and-foss.es.html
philosophy/po : computing-progress.es-en.html
computing-progress.es.po
copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html
copyright-and-globalization.es.po
danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html
danger-of-software-patents.es.po
ebooks.es-en.html ebooks.es.po
floss-and-foss.es-en.html floss-and-foss.es.po
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/computing-progress.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.40&r2=1.41
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/danger-of-software-patents.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.12&r2=1.13
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/ebooks.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.31&r2=1.32
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/floss-and-foss.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/computing-progress.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.2&r2=1.3
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/computing-progress.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.15&r2=1.16
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.15&r2=1.16
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.31&r2=1.32
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.20&r2=1.21
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/ebooks.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/ebooks.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.25&r2=1.26
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/floss-and-foss.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/floss-and-foss.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.10&r2=1.11
Patches:
Index: computing-progress.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/computing-progress.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- computing-progress.es.html 3 Sep 2021 09:58:40 -0000 1.5
+++ computing-progress.es.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:32 -0000 1.6
@@ -186,6 +186,22 @@
el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web.</p>
</div>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
<p>Copyright © 2007, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
@@ -202,7 +218,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/09/03 09:58:40 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:32 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: copyright-and-globalization.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.40
retrieving revision 1.41
diff -u -b -r1.40 -r1.41
--- copyright-and-globalization.es.html 5 Sep 2021 08:35:41 -0000 1.40
+++ copyright-and-globalization.es.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:32 -0000 1.41
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
software que utilizan para transmitir imagen y sonido en vivo por Internet
requiere que el usuario descargue cierto software para recibir la
transmisión. Ese software no es libre. Está disponible a precio cero pero
-sólo como código ejecutable, que es un misterioso montón de números.</p>
+solo como código ejecutable, que es un misterioso montón de números.</p>
<p>
Lo que hace ese código es secreto. No se puede estudiar, no se puede
modificar, y ciertamente no se puede publicar una versión modificada por uno
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
libre o no de hacer copias realmente adquirirán importancia. Veremos
empresas agroindustriales intentando impedir que la gente copie alimentos, y
eso se va a convertir en una cuestión polÃtica de primer orden; si es que
-esa capacidad tecnológica llega a existir. No sé si será asÃ, es sólo
+esa capacidad tecnológica llega a existir. No sé si será asÃ, es solo
especulación.</p>
<p>
Pero para otros tipos de información se puede traer el asunto a colación,
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
<p>
Hasta donde yo sé, no habÃa copyright en el mundo antiguo. Cualquiera que
quisiera copiar un libro podÃa copiarlo. Más tarde se inventó la imprenta, y
-los libros empezaron a copiarse en la imprenta. La imprenta no era sólo una
+los libros empezaron a copiarse en la imprenta. La imprenta no era solo una
mejora cuantitativa en la facilidad de copiado, sino que afectaba de manera
dispar a los distintos tipos de copiado, ya que introducÃa una economÃa de
escala inherente. Era mucho trabajo preparar cada página y mucho menos
@@ -177,18 +177,18 @@
se considera que esto contribuye al incremento de la actividad literaria,
más literatura acerca de la ciencia y otros campos, y la sociedad entonces
aprende a través de esto. Es ese el propósito. La creación de monopolios
-privados era sólo un medio en procura de un fin, y este fin es un fin
+privados era solo un medio en procura de un fin, y este fin es un fin
público.</p>
<p>
El copyright en la era de la imprenta era bastante indoloro, pues era una
-regulación industrial. RestringÃa sólo las actividades de los editores y de
+regulación industrial. RestringÃa solo las actividades de los editores y de
los autores. Bueno, en un cierto sentido estricto, también los pobres que
copiaban libros a mano podrÃan haber infringido la ley de copyright. Pero
nunca nadie trató de forzarlos a respetar el copyright porque se lo
consideraba una regulación industrial.</p>
<p>
El copyright en la era de la imprenta también era fácil de hacer cumplir
-porque tenÃa que hacerse cumplir sólo cuando existÃa un editor, y los
+porque tenÃa que hacerse cumplir solo cuando existÃa un editor, y los
editores, por su naturaleza, se hacen conocer. Si lo que se quiere es vender
libros, hay que decirle a la gente dónde ir a comprarlos. No es necesario ir
a la casa de todo el mundo para hacer cumplir el copyright.</p>
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@
beneficia con la escritura y la publicación de una mayor cantidad de
libros.</p>
<p>
Pero, ¿es éste un acuerdo ventajoso? Bueno, cuando el público en general no
-puede hacer copias porque sólo pueden hacerse eficientemente en las
+puede hacer copias porque solo pueden hacerse eficientemente en las
imprentas —y la mayorÃa de las personas no poseen imprentas— el
resultado es que el público en general está cediendo una libertad que no
puede ejercer, una libertad sin ningún valor práctico. Luego, si se tiene
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
indoloro e incontrovertido. No restringÃa al público en general. Hoy en dÃa
eso ya no es asÃ. Los editores consideran que restringir a quien posee una
computadora es su más alta prioridad. El copyright era fácil de hacer
-cumplir porque era una restricción que pesaba sólo sobre los editores, que
+cumplir porque era una restricción que pesaba solo sobre los editores, que
eran fáciles de encontrar y lo que publicaban fácil de ver. Ahora el
copyright es una restricción que pesa sobre cada uno de nosotros. Hacerlo
cumplir requiere vigilancia e intrusión, como asà también duros castigos, y
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
copyright cubriendo el copiado textual comercial pero permitir a todos el
derecho al copiado textual no comercial. De esta manera, el copyright sobre
el copiado textual comercial, asà como sobre todas las versiones modificadas
--sólo el autor podrÃa aprobar una versión modificada- seguirÃa proveyendo
el
+-solo el autor podrÃa aprobar una versión modificada- seguirÃa proveyendo el
mismo flujo de ganancia que provee ahora para costear la escritura de estos
trabajos, en cualquier grado que sea.</p>
<p>
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@
escritores y a los músicos.</p>
<p>
Asà que si te gusta el trabajo que estás leyendo o escuchando, eventualmente
-dirás: «¿Por qué no he de darle a esta gente un dólar? Es sólo un
+dirás: «¿Por qué no he de darle a esta gente un dólar? Es solo un
dólar. ¿Qué es eso? Ni siquiera lo extrañaré.» Y las personas empezarán
a
enviar un dólar. Lo bueno sobre esto es que hace del copiado el aliado de
los autores y los músicos. Cuando alguien le envÃa por correo electrónico a
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@
común. Pero la gente que oye el término «propiedad intelectual» es
conducida
a una falsa imagen, donde creen que hay un principio general de propiedad
intelectual que es aplicado a áreas especÃficas. Entonces asumen que esas
-variadas áreas de la ley son similares. Esto conduce no sólo a pensamiento
+variadas áreas de la ley son similares. Esto conduce no solo a pensamiento
confuso acerca de qué es correcto hacer; conduce a la gente a no poder
entender qué es lo que de hecho dice la ley, porque suponen que la ley de
copyright, la ley de patentes y la ley de marcas registradas son similares,
@@ -1078,7 +1078,7 @@
lÃnea en varios lugares diferentes. ¿Qué libertades cede el público y
cuáles
conserva?</p>
<p>
-<b>PREGUNTA:</b> Para extender la conversación sólo un momento: en ciertos
+<b>PREGUNTA:</b> Para extender la conversación solo un momento: en ciertos
campos del entretenimiento, tenemos el concepto de presentación
pública. AsÃ, por ejemplo, el copyright no nos impide cantar villancicos en
Navidad pero impide su ejecución pública. Y yo me pregunto si no serÃa
útil,
@@ -1127,7 +1127,7 @@
información digital da a cada usuario la facultad de crear copias. Bien, no
hay nada que nos dé la facultad de crear copias de medicamentos. No tengo la
posibilidad de copiar un medicamento que conseguÃ. De hecho, nadie puede; no
-es asà como son hechos. Estos medicamentos sólo pueden hacerse en costosas
+es asà como son hechos. Estos medicamentos solo pueden hacerse en costosas
fábricas, y se hacen en costosas fábricas centralizadas, ya sean
medicamentos genéricos o importados de los EE. UU. De cualquier manera,
se harán en un pequeño número de fábricas, y las cuestiones son,
@@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@
en Ãfrica pueda pagar.</p>
<p>
Asà que es una cuestión tremendamente importante, pero es una cuestión
-totalmente diferente. Sólo hay un área donde surge una cuestión con las
+totalmente diferente. Solo hay un área donde surge una cuestión con las
patentes que es de hecho similar a estas cuestiones de libertad de copiado,
y es en la agricultura. Porque hay ciertas cosas patentadas que pueden ser
copiadas, más o menos: las cosas vivientes. Se copian a ellas mismas al
@@ -1159,7 +1159,7 @@
patentes cubriendo compañÃas vendedoras de semillas, pero no deberÃan cubrir
a los granjeros.</p>
<p>
-<b>PREGUNTA:</b> Para hacer un modelo exitoso hay más cosas que sólo la
+<b>PREGUNTA:</b> Para hacer un modelo exitoso hay más cosas que solo la
licencia. ¿Puedes responder a eso?</p>
<p>
<b>STALLMAN:</b> En absoluto. Bien, ya saben, no conozco las
@@ -1315,7 +1315,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/09/05 08:35:41 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:32 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: danger-of-software-patents.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/danger-of-software-patents.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.12
retrieving revision 1.13
diff -u -b -r1.12 -r1.13
--- danger-of-software-patents.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:03 -0000 1.12
+++ danger-of-software-patents.es.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:32 -0000 1.13
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
-<div class="reduced-width">
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>El peligro de las patentes de software</h2>
<address class="byline">por <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
</div>
<hr class="thin" />
-<div class="article">
<dl>
<dt>SF:</dt>
<dd><p>Me llamo Susy Frankel, y en nombre de Meredith Kolsky Lewis y en el mÃo
@@ -1383,7 +1382,6 @@
disertación. Gracias, Richard.</dd>
</dl>
-</div>
<hr class="no-display" />
<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Esta conferencia está publicada en el
libro <a
@@ -1471,7 +1469,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:03 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:32 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: ebooks.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/ebooks.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- ebooks.es.html 3 Sep 2021 11:32:11 -0000 1.31
+++ ebooks.es.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:32 -0000 1.32
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@
copyright proporcionaba un beneficio público, tal y como se pretendÃa, con
escasa molestia para el público. Por aquel entonces cumplió su cometido.</p>
-
-
<p>Luego llegó una nueva manera de distribuir la información: los
ordenadores y
las redes. La ventaja de la tecnologÃa digital es que facilita la copia y la
manipulación de la información, incluyendo software, grabaciones musicales y
@@ -132,7 +130,7 @@
deben aumentar nuestra libertad, no disminuirla</a>.</p>
</div>
-<div class="infobox">
+<div class="infobox extra" role="complementary">
<hr />
<p>Esta es una versión ligeramente modificada de un artÃculo publicado en
<cite>Technology Review</cite> en el año 2000.</p>
@@ -182,6 +180,22 @@
el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web.</p>
</div>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
@@ -198,7 +212,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/09/03 11:32:11 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:32 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: floss-and-foss.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/floss-and-foss.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- floss-and-foss.es.html 19 Aug 2021 08:13:18 -0000 1.5
+++ floss-and-foss.es.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:32 -0000 1.6
@@ -14,12 +14,11 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
-<div class="reduced-width">
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>FLOSS y FOSS</h2>
<address class="byline">por Richard Stallman</address>
-<div class="article">
<p>Las dos corrientes polÃticas dentro de la comunidad de software libre son
el
movimiento de software libre y el código abierto. El movimiento de software
libre es una iniciativa en favor de la <a
@@ -70,7 +69,6 @@
polÃtica. Nosotros defendemos la libertad y lo demostramos siempre que se
presenta la ocasión diciendo «free» y «libre» o «free/libre».</p>
</div>
-</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -118,6 +116,22 @@
el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web.</p>
</div>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
<p>Copyright © 2013, 2015, 2016, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
@@ -134,7 +148,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/08/19 08:13:18 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:32 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/computing-progress.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/computing-progress.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/computing-progress.es-en.html 3 Sep 2021 09:58:41 -0000 1.2
+++ po/computing-progress.es-en.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000 1.3
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@
<p>
My vision of the world is different. I would like to see a world in
-which all the software in our computers — in our desktop PCs, our
-laptops, our handhelds, our phones — is under our control and
+which all the software in our computers—in our desktop PCs, our
+laptops, our handhelds, our phones—is under our control and
respects our freedom. In other words, a world where all software is
<a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html"><em>free</em></a> software.</p>
@@ -164,6 +164,23 @@
information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
<p>Copyright © 2007, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
@@ -174,7 +191,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/09/03 09:58:41 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:33 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/computing-progress.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/computing-progress.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/computing-progress.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:06:40 -0000 1.15
+++ po/computing-progress.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000 1.16
@@ -175,12 +175,6 @@
"compañÃas que querrÃan restringir el contenido al que el usuario tiene "
"acceso basándose en su ubicación."
-# | My vision of the world is different. I would like to see a world in which
-# | all the software in our [-computers — in-] {+computers—in+}
-# | our desktop PCs, our laptops, our handhelds, our [-phones — is-]
-# | {+phones—is+} under our control and respects our freedom. In other
-# | words, a world where all software is <a
-# | href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\"><em>free</em></a> software.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"My vision of the world is different. I would like to see a world in which "
Index: po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html 5 Sep 2021 08:35:43 -0000
1.15
+++ po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000
1.16
@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@
<b>DAVID THORBURN, moderator</b>: Our speaker today, Richard Stallman,
is a legendary figure in the computing world, and my experience in
trying to find a respondent to share the podium with him was
-instructive. One distinguished <abbr>MIT</abbr> professor told me
+instructive. One distinguished MIT professor told me
that Stallman needs to be understood as a charismatic figure in a
-biblical parable — a kind of Old Testament anecdote-lesson.
-“Imagine,” he said, “a Moses or a Jeremiah —
-better a Jeremiah.” And I said, “Well, that's very
+biblical parable—a kind of Old Testament anecdote-lesson.
+“Imagine,” he said, “a Moses or a Jeremiah—better
+a Jeremiah.” And I said, “Well, that's very
admirable.”</p>
<p>
That sounds wonderful. It confirms my sense of the kind of
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@
writing a book and copying a book, there were other useful things you
could do. For instance, you could copy a part of a book, then write
some new words, copy some more and write some new words and on and on.
-This was called “writing a commentary” — that was a
-common thing to do — and these commentaries were
+This was called “writing a commentary”—that was a
+common thing to do—and these commentaries were
appreciated.</p>
<p>
You could also copy a passage out of one book, then write some other
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
<p>
Now, is this an advantageous trade? Well, when the general public
can't make copies because they can only be efficiently made on
-printing presses — and most people don't own printing presses
+printing presses—and most people don't own printing presses
— the result is that the general public is trading away a
freedom it is unable to exercise, a freedom that is of no practical
value. So if you have something that is a byproduct of your life and
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@
priority. Copyright was easy to enforce because it was a restriction
only on publishers who were easy to find and what they published was
easy to see. Now the copyright is a restriction on each and everyone
-of you. To enforce it requires surveillance — an intrusion
+of you. To enforce it requires surveillance—an intrusion
— and harsh punishments, and we are seeing these being enacted
into law in the U.S. and other countries.</p>
<p>
@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@
Clearly, this kind of campaign comes from somebody paying for it. Now
why are they doing that? I think I know. The reason is that e-books
are the opportunity to take away some of the residual freedoms that
-readers of printed books have always had and still have — the
+readers of printed books have always had and still have—the
freedom, for instance, to lend a book to your friend or borrow it from
the public library or sell a copy to a used bookstore or buy a copy
anonymously, without putting a record in the database of who bought
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@
<p>
We see at the same time efforts to take away people's freedom in using
other kinds of published works. For instance, movies that are on DVDs
-are published in an encrypted format that used to be secret — it
-was meant to be secret — and the only way the movie companies
+are published in an encrypted format that used to be secret—it
+was meant to be secret—and the only way the movie companies
would tell you the format, so that you could make a DVD player, was if
you signed a contract to build certain restrictions into the player,
with the result that the public would be stopped even from fully
@@ -325,8 +325,8 @@
Act was passed in the first place. The reason is the campaign finance
system that we have in the U.S., which is essentially legalized
bribery where the candidates are bought by business before they even
-get elected. And, of course, they know who their master is —
-they know whom they're working for — and they pass the laws to
+get elected. And, of course, they know who their master is—they
+know whom they're working for—and they pass the laws to
give business more power.</p>
<p>
What will happen with that particular battle, we don't know. But
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@
anyone caught doing forbidden copying. You could be sent to Siberia.
Third, soliciting informers, asking everyone to rat on their neighbors
and co-workers to the information police. Fourth, collective
-responsibility — You! You're going to watch that group! If I
+responsibility—You! You're going to watch that group! If I
catch any of them doing forbidden copying, you are going to prison.
So watch them hard. And, fifth, propaganda, starting in childhood to
convince everyone that only a horrible enemy of the people would ever
@@ -438,7 +438,7 @@
companies have more power than citizens of the country.</p>
<p>
There are attempts being made to extend this
-beyond <abbr>NAFTA</abbr>. For instance, this is one of the goals of
+beyond NAFTA. For instance, this is one of the goals of
the so-called free trade area of the Americas, to extend this
principle to all the countries in South America and the Caribbean as
well, and the multilateral agreement on investment was intended to
@@ -554,13 +554,13 @@
The next question is: Should people have the right to do commercial
verbatim copying? Or is non-commercial enough? You see, these are
two different activities we can distinguish, so that we can consider
-the questions separately — the right to do non-commercial
+the questions separately—the right to do non-commercial
verbatim copying and the right to do commercial verbatim copying.
Well, it might be a good compromise policy to have copyright cover
commercial verbatim copying but allow everyone the right to do
non-commercial verbatim copying. This way, the copyright on the
commercial verbatim copying, as well as on all modified versions
-— only the author could approve a modified version — would
+— only the author could approve a modified version—would
still provide the same revenue stream that it provides now to fund the
writing of these works, to whatever extent it does.</p>
<p>
@@ -568,8 +568,8 @@
copyright no longer has to intrude into everybody's home. It becomes
an industrial regulation again, easy to enforce and painless, no
longer requiring draconian punishments and informers for the sake of
-its enforcement. So we get most of the benefit — and avoid most
-of the horror — of the current system.</p>
+its enforcement. So we get most of the benefit—and avoid most
+of the horror—of the current system.</p>
<p>
The third category of works is aesthetic or entertaining works, where
the most important thing is just the sensation of looking at the
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@
The other thing is, we do not have this digital cash payment system;
so we can't really try it today. You could try to do something a
little bit like it. There are services you can sign up for where you
-can pay money to someone — things like PayPal. But before you
+can pay money to someone—things like PayPal. But before you
can pay anyone through PayPal, you have to go through a lot of
rigmarole and give them personal information about you, and they
collect records of whom you pay. Can you trust them not to misuse
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@
We are gradually moving from the age of the printing press to the age
of the computer network, but it's not happening in a day. People are
still buying lots of records, and that will probably continue for many
-years — maybe forever. As long as that continues, simply having
+years—maybe forever. As long as that continues, simply having
copyrights that still apply to commercial sales of records ought to do
about as good a job of supporting musicians as it does today. Of
course, that's not very good, but, at least, it won't get any
@@ -893,8 +893,8 @@
<b>THORBURN</b>: I guess one question that occurred to me while you
were speaking, Richard, and, again, now when you're responding here to
this question is why you don't consider the ways in which the
-computer, itself, eliminates the middle men completely — in the
-way that Stephen King refused to do — and might establish a
+computer, itself, eliminates the middle men completely—in the
+way that Stephen King refused to do—and might establish a
personal relationship.</p>
<p>
<b>STALLMAN</b>: Well, they can and, in fact, this voluntary donation
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@
problem, you know. Which do we do first? How do we get the world
where people don't have to desperately get money except by removing
the control by business? And how can we remove the control by
-business except — Anyway, I don't know, but that's why I'm
+business except—Anyway, I don't know, but that's why I'm
trying to propose first a compromise copyright system and, second, the
voluntary payment supported by a compromise copyright system as a way
to provide a revenue stream to the people who write those works.</p>
@@ -1044,7 +1044,7 @@
years in a way that had never been in place before. If I write an
essay in which I want to use still images, even from films, they are
much harder to get permission to use, and the prices charged to use
-those still images are much higher — even when I make arguments
+those still images are much higher—even when I make arguments
about intellectual inquiry and the legal category of “fair
use.” So I think, in this moment of extended transformation, the
longer-term prospects may, in fact, not be as disturbing as what's
@@ -1158,7 +1158,7 @@
issue. There's just one area where an issue arises with patents that
is actually similar to these issues of freedom to copy, and that is in
the area of agriculture. Because there are certain patented things
-that can be copies, more or less — namely, living things. They
+that can be copies, more or less—namely, living things. They
copy themselves when they reproduce. It's not necessarily exact
copying; they re-shuffle the genes. But the fact is, farmers for
millennia have been making use of this capacity of the living things
@@ -1200,8 +1200,8 @@
in various different areas, but I think that in the area of education,
when you're looking for textbooks, I think I see a way it can be done.
There are a lot of teachers in the world, teachers who are not at
-prestigious universities — maybe they're in high-school; maybe
-they're in college — where they don't write and publish a lot of
+prestigious universities—maybe they're in high-school; maybe
+they're in college—where they don't write and publish a lot of
things and there's not a tremendous demand for them. But a lot of
them are smart. A lot of them know their subjects well and they could
write textbooks about lots of subjects and share them with the world
@@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@
will have learned from them.</p>
<p>
<b>QUESTION</b>: That's what I proposed. But the funny thing is, I do
-know the history of education. That's what I do — educational,
+know the history of education. That's what I do—educational,
electronic media projects. I couldn't find an example. Do you know
of one?</p>
<p>
@@ -1322,7 +1322,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/09/05 08:35:43 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:33 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:06:40 -0000
1.31
+++ po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000
1.32
@@ -46,15 +46,6 @@
"<cite>Communications Forum</cite>, el jueves 19 de abril de 2001, de 17:00 a "
"19:00."
-# | <b>DAVID THORBURN, moderator</b>: Our speaker today, Richard Stallman, is
-# | a legendary figure in the computing world, and my experience in trying to
-# | find a respondent to share the podium with him was instructive. One
-# | distinguished [-<abbr>MIT</abbr>-] {+MIT+} professor told me that Stallman
-# | needs to be understood as a charismatic figure in a biblical [-parable
-# | — a-] {+parable—a+} kind of Old Testament anecdote-lesson.
-# | “Imagine,” he said, “a Moses or a [-Jeremiah —
-# | better-] {+Jeremiah—better+} a Jeremiah.” And I said,
-# | “Well, that's very admirable.”
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<b>DAVID THORBURN, moderator</b>: Our speaker today, Richard Stallman, is a "
@@ -225,17 +216,6 @@
"copias tomaba diez veces más tiempo que hacer una sola. Tampoco habÃa nada "
"que forzara la centralización; un libro podÃa copiarse en cualquier lugar."
-# | Now because of this technology, because it didn't force copies to be
-# | identical, there wasn't in the ancient world the same total divide between
-# | copying a book and writing a book. There are things in between that made
-# | sense. They did understand the idea of an author. They knew, say, that
-# | this play was written by Sophocles but in between writing a book and
-# | copying a book, there were other useful things you could do. For
-# | instance, you could copy a part of a book, then write some new words, copy
-# | some more and write some new words and on and on. This was called
-# | “writing a [-commentary” — that-]
-# | {+commentary”—that+} was a common thing to [-do — and-]
-# | {+do—and+} these commentaries were appreciated.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Now because of this technology, because it didn't force copies to be "
@@ -443,15 +423,6 @@
"autores. El público cede algunos de sus derechos naturales y a cambio se "
"beneficia con la escritura y la publicación de una mayor cantidad de libros."
-# | Now, is this an advantageous trade? Well, when the general public can't
-# | make copies because they can only be efficiently made on printing
-# | [-presses — and-] {+presses—and+} most people don't own
-# | printing presses — the result is that the general public is trading
-# | away a freedom it is unable to exercise, a freedom that is of no practical
-# | value. So if you have something that is a byproduct of your life and it's
-# | useless and you have the opportunity to exchange it for something else of
-# | any value, you're gaining. So that's why copyright may have been an
-# | advantageous trade for the public in that time.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Now, is this an advantageous trade? Well, when the general public can't make "
@@ -513,20 +484,6 @@
"centralización y la economÃa de escala introducidas por la imprenta y "
"tecnologÃas similares están desapareciendo."
-# | And this changing context changes the way copyright law works. You see,
-# | copyright law no longer acts as an industrial regulation; it is now a
-# | Draconian restriction on a general public. It used to be a restriction on
-# | publishers for the sake of authors. Now, for practical purposes, it's a
-# | restriction on a public for the sake of publishers. Copyright used to be
-# | fairly painless and uncontroversial. It didn't restrict the general
-# | public. Now that's not true. If you have a computer, the publishers
-# | consider restricting you to be their highest priority. Copyright was easy
-# | to enforce because it was a restriction only on publishers who were easy
-# | to find and what they published was easy to see. Now the copyright is a
-# | restriction on each and everyone of you. To enforce it requires
-# | [-surveillance — an-] {+surveillance—an+} intrusion —
-# | and harsh punishments, and we are seeing these being enacted into law in
-# | the U.S. and other countries.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"And this changing context changes the way copyright law works. You see, "
@@ -612,18 +569,6 @@
"precedentes de los poderes del copyright. Se le están quitando al público "
"las libertades que solÃa tener en la era de la imprenta."
-# | For instance, let's look at e-books. There's a tremendous amount of hype
-# | about e-books; you can hardly avoid it. I took a flight in Brazil and in
-# | the in-flight magazine, there was an article saying that maybe it would
-# | take 10 or 20 years before we all switched to e-books. Clearly, this kind
-# | of campaign comes from somebody paying for it. Now why are they doing
-# | that? I think I know. The reason is that e-books are the opportunity to
-# | take away some of the residual freedoms that readers of printed books have
-# | always had and still [-have — the-] {+have—the+} freedom, for
-# | instance, to lend a book to your friend or borrow it from the public
-# | library or sell a copy to a used bookstore or buy a copy anonymously,
-# | without putting a record in the database of who bought that particular
-# | book. And maybe even the right to read it twice.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"For instance, let's look at e-books. There's a tremendous amount of hype "
@@ -682,19 +627,6 @@
"que les fueron quitadas, un momento en el que habrÃan podido luchar para "
"conservarlas."
-# | We see at the same time efforts to take away people's freedom in using
-# | other kinds of published works. For instance, movies that are on DVDs are
-# | published in an encrypted format that used to be [-secret — it-]
-# | {+secret—it+} was meant to be [-secret — and-]
-# | {+secret—and+} the only way the movie companies would tell you the
-# | format, so that you could make a DVD player, was if you signed a contract
-# | to build certain restrictions into the player, with the result that the
-# | public would be stopped even from fully exercising their legal rights.
-# | Then a few clever programmers in Europe figured out the format of DVDs and
-# | they wrote a free software package that would read a DVD. This made it
-# | possible to use free software on top of the GNU+Linux operating system to
-# | watch the DVD that you had bought, which is a perfectly legitimate thing
-# | to do. You ought to be able to do that with free software.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We see at the same time efforts to take away people's freedom in using other "
@@ -750,14 +682,6 @@
"enorgullece decir que firmé un breve alegato en aquella apelación, aunque "
"juego un rol bastante pequeño en esa batalla en particular."
-# | The U.S. government intervened directly on the other side. This is not
-# | surprising when you consider why the Digital Millennium Copyright Act was
-# | passed in the first place. The reason is the campaign finance system that
-# | we have in the U.S., which is essentially legalized bribery where the
-# | candidates are bought by business before they even get elected. And, of
-# | course, they know who their master [-is — they-] {+is—they+}
-# | know whom they're working [-for — and-] {+for—and+} they pass
-# | the laws to give business more power.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The U.S. government intervened directly on the other side. This is not "
@@ -793,20 +717,6 @@
"lÃder mundial en el intento de impedir que el público distribuya
información "
"que ha sido publicada."
-# | The U.S. though is not the first country to make a priority of this. The
-# | Soviet Union treated it as very important. There this unauthorized
-# | copying and redistribution was known as Samizdat and to stamp it out, they
-# | developed a series of methods: First, guards watching every piece of
-# | copying equipment to check what people were copying to prevent forbidden
-# | copying. Second, harsh punishments for anyone caught doing forbidden
-# | copying. You could be sent to Siberia. Third, soliciting informers,
-# | asking everyone to rat on their neighbors and co-workers to the
-# | information police. Fourth, collective [-responsibility — You!-]
-# | {+responsibility—You!+} You're going to watch that group! If I catch
-# | any of them doing forbidden copying, you are going to prison. So watch
-# | them hard. And, fifth, propaganda, starting in childhood to convince
-# | everyone that only a horrible enemy of the people would ever do this
-# | forbidden copying.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The U.S. though is not the first country to make a priority of this. The "
@@ -1023,12 +933,6 @@
"según consideran, interfiere con sus beneficios en aquel paÃs. AsÃ, las "
"compañÃas extranjeras tienen más poder que los mismos ciudadanos del
paÃs."
-# | There are attempts being made to extend this beyond
-# | [-<abbr>NAFTA</abbr>.-] {+NAFTA.+} For instance, this is one of the goals
-# | of the so-called free trade area of the Americas, to extend this principle
-# | to all the countries in South America and the Caribbean as well, and the
-# | multilateral agreement on investment was intended to spread it to the
-# | whole world.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There are attempts being made to extend this beyond NAFTA. For instance, "
@@ -1281,19 +1185,6 @@
"hacer copias textuales."
# FALTA REVISAR
-# | The next question is: Should people have the right to do commercial
-# | verbatim copying? Or is non-commercial enough? You see, these are two
-# | different activities we can distinguish, so that we can consider the
-# | questions [-separately — the-] {+separately—the+} right to do
-# | non-commercial verbatim copying and the right to do commercial verbatim
-# | copying. Well, it might be a good compromise policy to have copyright
-# | cover commercial verbatim copying but allow everyone the right to do
-# | non-commercial verbatim copying. This way, the copyright on the
-# | commercial verbatim copying, as well as on all modified versions —
-# | only the author could approve a modified [-version — would-]
-# | {+version—would+} still provide the same revenue stream that it
-# | provides now to fund the writing of these works, to whatever extent it
-# | does.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The next question is: Should people have the right to do commercial verbatim "
@@ -1322,12 +1213,6 @@
"cualquier grado que sea."
# FALTA REVISAR
-# | By allowing the non-commercial verbatim copying, it means the copyright no
-# | longer has to intrude into everybody's home. It becomes an industrial
-# | regulation again, easy to enforce and painless, no longer requiring
-# | draconian punishments and informers for the sake of its enforcement. So
-# | we get most of the [-benefit — and-] {+benefit—and+} avoid
-# | most of the [-horror — of-] {+horror—of+} the current system.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By allowing the non-commercial verbatim copying, it means the copyright no "
@@ -1872,13 +1757,6 @@
"participando, podrÃa funcionar."
# FALTA REVISAR
-# | The other thing is, we do not have this digital cash payment system; so we
-# | can't really try it today. You could try to do something a little bit
-# | like it. There are services you can sign up for where you can pay money
-# | to [-someone — things-] {+someone—things+} like PayPal. But
-# | before you can pay anyone through PayPal, you have to go through a lot of
-# | rigmarole and give them personal information about you, and they collect
-# | records of whom you pay. Can you trust them not to misuse that?
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The other thing is, we do not have this digital cash payment system; so we "
@@ -1923,13 +1801,6 @@
"ganarse la vida con su música por haber alentado a sus <cite>fans</cite> a "
"grabarla y copiar las cintas. Ni siquiera perdieron sus ventas de discos."
-# | We are gradually moving from the age of the printing press to the age of
-# | the computer network, but it's not happening in a day. People are still
-# | buying lots of records, and that will probably continue for many [-years
-# | — maybe-] {+years—maybe+} forever. As long as that continues,
-# | simply having copyrights that still apply to commercial sales of records
-# | ought to do about as good a job of supporting musicians as it does today.
-# | Of course, that's not very good, but, at least, it won't get any worse.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We are gradually moving from the age of the printing press to the age of the "
@@ -2055,12 +1926,6 @@
"que todo deberÃa estar permitido. Estoy proponiendo reducir los poderes del "
"copyright, no abolirlos."
-# | <b>THORBURN</b>: I guess one question that occurred to me while you were
-# | speaking, Richard, and, again, now when you're responding here to this
-# | question is why you don't consider the ways in which the computer, itself,
-# | eliminates the middle men [-completely — in-]
-# | {+completely—in+} the way that Stephen King refused to [-do —
-# | and-] {+do—and+} might establish a personal relationship.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<b>THORBURN</b>: I guess one question that occurred to me while you were "
@@ -2270,19 +2135,6 @@
msgid "<b>THORBURN</b>: Well, what about the other two categories?"
msgstr "<b>THORNBURN:</b> Bien, ¿qué hay de las otras dos categorÃas?"
-# | <b>STALLMAN</b>: For the other two classes of work, I don't know. I don't
-# | know whether people will write some day novels without worrying about
-# | whether they make money from it. In a post-scarcity society, I guess they
-# | would. Maybe what we need to do in order to reach the post-scarcity
-# | society is to get rid of the corporate control over the economy and the
-# | laws. So, in effect, it's a chicken-or-the-egg problem, you know. Which
-# | do we do first? How do we get the world where people don't have to
-# | desperately get money except by removing the control by business? And how
-# | can we remove the control by business [-except — Anyway,-]
-# | {+except—Anyway,+} I don't know, but that's why I'm trying to
-# | propose first a compromise copyright system and, second, the voluntary
-# | payment supported by a compromise copyright system as a way to provide a
-# | revenue stream to the people who write those works.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<b>STALLMAN</b>: For the other two classes of work, I don't know. I don't "
@@ -2397,18 +2249,6 @@
"información, serán probablemente dolorosas y extensas."
# FALTA REVISAR
-# | For example, as a teacher of media, my access to images has been
-# | restricted in recent years in a way that had never been in place before.
-# | If I write an essay in which I want to use still images, even from films,
-# | they are much harder to get permission to use, and the prices charged to
-# | use those still images are much [-higher — even-]
-# | {+higher—even+} when I make arguments about intellectual inquiry and
-# | the legal category of “fair use.” So I think, in this moment
-# | of extended transformation, the longer-term prospects may, in fact, not be
-# | as disturbing as what's happening in the shorter term. But in any case,
-# | we need to understand the whole of our contemporary experience as a
-# | renewed version of a struggle over the control of technological resources
-# | that is a recurring principle of Western society.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"For example, as a teacher of media, my access to images has been restricted "
@@ -2667,18 +2507,6 @@
"en Ãfrica pueda pagar."
# FALTA REVISAR
-# | So that's a tremendously important issue, but it's a totally different
-# | issue. There's just one area where an issue arises with patents that is
-# | actually similar to these issues of freedom to copy, and that is in the
-# | area of agriculture. Because there are certain patented things that can
-# | be copies, more or [-less — namely,-] {+less—namely,+} living
-# | things. They copy themselves when they reproduce. It's not necessarily
-# | exact copying; they re-shuffle the genes. But the fact is, farmers for
-# | millennia have been making use of this capacity of the living things they
-# | grow to copy themselves. Farming is, basically, copying the things that
-# | you grew and you keep copying them every year. When plant and animal
-# | varieties get patented, when genes are patented and used in them, the
-# | result is that farmers are being prohibited from doing this.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that's a tremendously important issue, but it's a totally different "
@@ -2771,17 +2599,6 @@
"dictarnos qué es lo que podemos hacer»."
# FALTA REVISAR
-# | This tremendously boosts it. But I don't know how much it will work in
-# | various different areas, but I think that in the area of education, when
-# | you're looking for textbooks, I think I see a way it can be done. There
-# | are a lot of teachers in the world, teachers who are not at prestigious
-# | [-universities — maybe-] {+universities—maybe+} they're in
-# | high-school; maybe they're in [-college — where-]
-# | {+college—where+} they don't write and publish a lot of things and
-# | there's not a tremendous demand for them. But a lot of them are smart. A
-# | lot of them know their subjects well and they could write textbooks about
-# | lots of subjects and share them with the world and receive a tremendous
-# | amount of appreciation from the people who will have learned from them.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This tremendously boosts it. But I don't know how much it will work in "
@@ -2807,10 +2624,6 @@
"de aprecio de la gente que aprenda de ellos."
# FALTA REVISAR
-# | <b>QUESTION</b>: That's what I proposed. But the funny thing is, I do
-# | know the history of education. That's what I [-do — educational,-]
-# | {+do—educational,+} electronic media projects. I couldn't find an
-# | example. Do you know of one?
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<b>QUESTION</b>: That's what I proposed. But the funny thing is, I do know "
Index: po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000
1.5
+++ po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000
1.6
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
-<div class="reduced-width">
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>The Danger of Software Patents</h2>
<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
</div>
<hr class="thin" />
-<div class="article">
<dl>
<dt>SF:</dt>
<dd><p>My name is Susy Frankel and on behalf of myself and Meredith
@@ -613,7 +612,7 @@
himself in his attic coming up with a better way to do whatever it is.
And now that it's ready, he wants to start a business and mass-produce
this thing; and because his idea is so good his company will
-inevitably succeed— except for one thing: the big companies will
+inevitably succeed—except for one thing: the big companies will
compete with him and take all his market the away. And because of
this, his business will almost certainly fail, and then he will
starve.</p>
@@ -1413,7 +1412,6 @@
you Richard.</dd>
</dl>
-</div>
<hr class="no-display" />
<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">This speech is published in
@@ -1479,7 +1477,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:33 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.20
retrieving revision 1.21
diff -u -b -r1.20 -r1.21
--- po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:06:40 -0000 1.20
+++ po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000 1.21
@@ -1288,14 +1288,6 @@
"mueren de hambre. Presentan un escenario con una serie de supuestos que es "
"muy improbable que se produzcan."
-# | So let's look at it. According to this scenario, there's a brilliant
-# | designer of whatever, who's been working for years by himself in his attic
-# | coming up with a better way to do whatever it is. And now that it's
-# | ready, he wants to start a business and mass-produce this thing; and
-# | because his idea is so good his company will inevitably succeed—[-
-# | -]except for one thing: the big companies will compete with him and take
-# | all his market the away. And because of this, his business will almost
-# | certainly fail, and then he will starve.
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"So let's look at it. According to this scenario, there's a brilliant "
Index: po/ebooks.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/ebooks.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- po/ebooks.es-en.html 3 Sep 2021 11:32:11 -0000 1.16
+++ po/ebooks.es-en.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000 1.17
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@
as intended, with little burden on the public. It did its job
well—back then.</p>
-
-
<p>Then a new way of distributing information came about: computers
and networks. The advantage of digital information technology is
that it facilitates copying and manipulating information, including
@@ -76,7 +74,7 @@
<p>We still have the same old freedoms in using paper books. But if
e-books replace printed books, that exception will do little good.
-With “electronic ink”, which makes it possible to download
+With “electronic ink,” which makes it possible to download
new text onto an apparently printed piece of paper, even newspapers
could become ephemeral. Imagine: no more used book stores; no more
lending a book to your friend; no more borrowing one from the public
@@ -114,7 +112,7 @@
<p>Eventually, when computer networks provide an easy way to send
someone a small amount of money, the whole rationale for restricting
verbatim copying will go away. If you like a book, and it pops up a
-box saying, “Click here to give the author one dollar”,
+box saying, “Click here to give the author one dollar,”
wouldn't you click? Copyright for books and music, as it applies to
distributing verbatim unmodified copies, will be entirely obsolete.
And not a moment too soon!</p>
@@ -126,7 +124,7 @@
increase our freedom, not decrease it</a>.</p>
</div>
-<div class="infobox">
+<div class="infobox extra" role="complementary">
<hr />
<p>This is a slightly modified version of an article published in
<cite>Technology Review</cite> in 2000.</p>
@@ -162,6 +160,23 @@
information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
@@ -172,7 +187,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/09/03 11:32:11 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:33 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/ebooks.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/ebooks.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- po/ebooks.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:06:40 -0000 1.25
+++ po/ebooks.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000 1.26
@@ -152,16 +152,6 @@
"<a href=\"https://www.defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html\";>Ãnase a nuestra "
"lista de distribución sobre los peligros de los libros electrónicos</a>."
-# | We still have the same old freedoms in using paper books. But if e-books
-# | replace printed books, that exception will do little good. With
-# | “electronic [-ink”,-] {+ink,”+} which makes it possible
-# | to download new text onto an apparently printed piece of paper, even
-# | newspapers could become ephemeral. Imagine: no more used book stores; no
-# | more lending a book to your friend; no more borrowing one from the public
-# | library—no more “leaks” that might give someone a chance
-# | to read without paying. And judging from the ads for Microsoft Reader, no
-# | more anonymous purchasing of books. This is the world publishers have in
-# | mind for us.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We still have the same old freedoms in using paper books. But if e-books "
@@ -244,13 +234,6 @@
"modificadas también deberÃa estar permitida, ya que esto alentarÃa a la "
"sociedad a mejorarlos."
-# | Eventually, when computer networks provide an easy way to send someone a
-# | small amount of money, the whole rationale for restricting verbatim
-# | copying will go away. If you like a book, and it pops up a box saying,
-# | “Click here to give the author one [-dollar”,-]
-# | {+dollar,”+} wouldn't you click? Copyright for books and music, as
-# | it applies to distributing verbatim unmodified copies, will be entirely
-# | obsolete. And not a moment too soon!
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Eventually, when computer networks provide an easy way to send someone a "
Index: po/floss-and-foss.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/floss-and-foss.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/floss-and-foss.es-en.html 19 Aug 2021 08:13:24 -0000 1.3
+++ po/floss-and-foss.es-en.html 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000 1.4
@@ -9,12 +9,11 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
-<div class="reduced-width">
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>FLOSS and FOSS</h2>
<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address>
-<div class="article">
<p>The two political camps in the free software community are the free
software movement and open source. The free software movement is a
campaign
@@ -61,9 +60,8 @@
<p>We in the free software movement don't use either of these terms,
because we don't want to be neutral on the political question. We
stand for freedom, and we show it every time—by saying
-“free” and “libre”— or “free
-(libre)”.</p>
-</div>
+“free” and “libre”—or “free
+(libre).”</p>
</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
@@ -97,6 +95,23 @@
of this article.</p>
</div>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
<p>Copyright © 2013, 2015, 2016, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
@@ -107,7 +122,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/19 08:13:24 $
+$Date: 2021/09/12 10:34:33 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/floss-and-foss.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/floss-and-foss.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- po/floss-and-foss.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:06:40 -0000 1.10
+++ po/floss-and-foss.es.po 12 Sep 2021 10:34:33 -0000 1.11
@@ -125,11 +125,6 @@
"de código abierto, y ser claro al respecto, la manera de conseguirlo es "
"decir «FLOSS», en lugar de «FOSS»."
-# | We in the free software movement don't use either of these terms, because
-# | we don't want to be neutral on the political question. We stand for
-# | freedom, and we show it every time—by saying “free” and
-# | “libre”—[- -]or “free [-(libre)”.-]
-# | {+(libre).”+}
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We in the free software movement don't use either of these terms, because we "
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