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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy hague.de.html hague.it.html hagu... |
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Date: |
Wed, 8 Sep 2021 03:04:22 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/09/08 03:04:22
Modified files:
philosophy : hague.de.html hague.it.html hague.nl.html
hague.pl.html
philosophy/po : hague.nl-diff.html
Added files:
philosophy/po : hague.de-diff.html hague.it-diff.html
hague.pl-diff.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/hague.de.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.19&r2=1.20
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/hague.it.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.24&r2=1.25
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/hague.nl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.12&r2=1.13
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/hague.pl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.28&r2=1.29
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/hague.nl-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.6&r2=1.7
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/hague.de-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/hague.it-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/hague.pl-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: hague.de.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/hague.de.html,v
retrieving revision 1.19
retrieving revision 1.20
diff -u -b -r1.19 -r1.20
--- hague.de.html 31 May 2021 13:39:52 -0000 1.19
+++ hague.de.html 8 Sep 2021 07:04:19 -0000 1.20
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/hague.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/hague.de.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/hague.de.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/hague.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/hague.de-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-07-10" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/hague.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.de.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -8,6 +13,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/hague.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.de.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.de.html" -->
<h2>Gefahr aus Den Haag</h2>
<p>
@@ -348,7 +354,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Letzte Ãnderung:
-$Date: 2021/05/31 13:39:52 $
+$Date: 2021/09/08 07:04:19 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: hague.it.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/hague.it.html,v
retrieving revision 1.24
retrieving revision 1.25
diff -u -b -r1.24 -r1.25
--- hague.it.html 30 Apr 2021 06:36:16 -0000 1.24
+++ hague.it.html 8 Sep 2021 07:04:19 -0000 1.25
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/hague.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/hague.it.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/hague.it.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/hague.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/hague.it-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-07-10" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/hague.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.it.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -9,6 +14,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/hague.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.it.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.it.html" -->
<h2>Pericolo dalla convenzione dell'Aia</h2>
<p>
@@ -320,7 +326,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ultimo aggiornamento:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 06:36:16 $
+$Date: 2021/09/08 07:04:19 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: hague.nl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/hague.nl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.12
retrieving revision 1.13
diff -u -b -r1.12 -r1.13
--- hague.nl.html 31 May 2021 09:06:20 -0000 1.12
+++ hague.nl.html 8 Sep 2021 07:04:19 -0000 1.13
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/hague.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/hague.nl.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/hague.nl.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/hague.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/hague.nl-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-07-10" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/hague.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.nl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -8,6 +13,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/hague.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.nl.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.nl.html" -->
<h2>Hommeles in Den Haag</h2>
<p>
@@ -293,7 +299,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Bijgewerkt:
-$Date: 2021/05/31 09:06:20 $
+$Date: 2021/09/08 07:04:19 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: hague.pl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/hague.pl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.28
retrieving revision 1.29
diff -u -b -r1.28 -r1.29
--- hague.pl.html 16 Jan 2016 00:04:59 -0000 1.28
+++ hague.pl.html 8 Sep 2021 07:04:19 -0000 1.29
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/hague.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/hague.pl.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/hague.pl.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/hague.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/hague.pl-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-07-10" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/hague.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.pl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -9,6 +14,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/hague.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.pl.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.pl.html" -->
<h2>NiebezpieczeÅstwo z Hagi</h2>
<p>
@@ -337,7 +343,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Aktualizowane:
-$Date: 2016/01/16 00:04:59 $
+$Date: 2021/09/08 07:04:19 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/hague.nl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/hague.nl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/hague.nl-diff.html 12 Apr 2014 13:58:58 -0000 1.6
+++ po/hague.nl-diff.html 8 Sep 2021 07:04:21 -0000 1.7
@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- Parent-Version: 1.77
--></em></ins></span>
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
<title>Harm from the Hague
-- GNU Project - Free Software <span class="removed"><del><strong>Foundation
(FSF)</title></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Foundation</title></em></ins></span>
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/hague.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<h2>Harm from the Hague</h2>
@@ -244,27 +244,17 @@
-->
<p>
There is more information about the problems with the Hague
-at <a
href="http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html</a>.</p>
-
-<span class="removed"><del><strong></div></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div><!-- for id="content", starts
in the include above --></em></ins></span>
+at <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210507012748/http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">web.lemuria.org</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p>
-Please</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="unprintable">
-
-<p>Please</em></ins></span> send <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>general</em></ins></span> FSF & GNU inquiries to
<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><em>gnu@gnu.org</em></a>.</strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>.</em></ins></span>
There are also <a
-href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF.
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><br />
-Please send broken</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Broken</em></ins></span> links and other
-corrections or suggestions <span class="inserted"><ins><em>can be
sent</em></ins></span> to <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><em>webmasters@gnu.org</em></a>.
-</p>
-
-<p></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
+href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. There are also
<a
+href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and
other
+corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a
+href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p>
<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
replace it with the translation of these two:
@@ -278,34 +268,25 @@
<p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
- README</a>. --></em></ins></span>
+ README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this <span
class="removed"><del><strong>article.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Copyright</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>article.</p>
+information on coordinating and submitting translations of this
article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright</em></ins></span> © 2001 Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman
-<br</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman<br</em></ins></span> />
-Copyright © 2001 Free Software Foundation, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Inc.,
-</p>
-<address>51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110,
USA</address></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Inc.</p></em></ins></span>
+<p>Copyright © <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2001</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2001, 2021</em></ins></span> Richard Stallman<br
/>
+Copyright © <span class="removed"><del><strong>2001</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>2001, 2021</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States <span
class="removed"><del><strong>License</a>.
-</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>License</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p>Updated:</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p
class="unprintable">Updated:</em></ins></span>
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:58:58 $
+$Date: 2021/09/08 07:04:21 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/hague.de-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/hague.de-diff.html
diff -N po/hague.de-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/hague.de-diff.html 8 Sep 2021 07:04:20 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/hague.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<title>Harm from the Hague
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/hague.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Harm from the Hague</h2>
+
+<p>
+By <a href="http://www.stallman.org">Richard Stallman</a>, June
2001</p>
+
+<p>
+Europeans have energetically opposed and thwarted the attempt to
+introduce software patents in Europe. A proposed treaty, now being
+negotiated, threatens to subject software developers in Europe and
+other countries to U.S. software patents — and other harmful
+laws from around the world. The problem is not just for programmers;
+authors of all kinds will face new dangers. Even the censorship laws
+of various countries could have globalized effect.</p>
+
+<p>
+The Hague treaty is not actually about patents, or about copyrights, or
+about censorship, but it affects all of them. It is a treaty about
+jurisdiction, and how one country should treat the court decisions of
+another country. The basic idea is reasonable enough: if someone hits
+your car in France or breaks a contract with your French company, you
+can sue him in France, then bring the judgment to a court in whichever
+country he lives in (or has assets in) for enforcement.</p>
+
+<p>
+The treaty becomes a problem when it is extended to distribution of
+information — because information now travels normally and
+predictably to all countries. (The Internet is one way, but not the
+only way.) The consequence is that you could be sued about the
+information you distributed under the laws of <strong>any</strong>
+Hague country, and the judgment would probably be enforced by your
+country.</p>
+
+<p>
+For instance, if you release a software package (either free or not)
+in Germany, and people use it in the U.S., you could be sued for
+infringing an absurd U.S. software patent. That part does not depend
+on Hague — it could happen now. But right now you could ignore
+the U.S. judgment, safe in Germany, and the patent holder knows this.
+Under the Hague treaty, any German court would be required to enforce
+the U.S. judgment against you. In effect, the software patents of any
+signatory country would apply to all signatory countries. It isn't
+enough to keep software patents out of Europe, if U.S. or Japanese or
+Egyptian software patents can reach you there.</p>
+
+<p>
+But patent law is not the only area of law that could wreak havoc if
+globalized by the Hague treaty. Suppose you publish a statement
+criticizing a public figure. If copies are read in England, that public
+figure could sue you under the strict U.K. libel law. The laws of your
+country may support the right to criticize a public figure, but with the
+Hague treaty, they won't necessarily protect you any more.</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you publish a statement comparing your prices with your
+competitors' prices. If this is read in Germany, where comparative
+advertising is illegal, you could be sued in Germany and the judgment
+brought back to you wherever you are. (Subsequent note: I've received
+word that this law may have been changed in Germany. The point is the
+same, though—any country could have such a law, and some other
+European countries may still have one.)</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you publish a parody. If it is read in Korea, you could be
+sued there, since Korea does not recognize a right to parody. (Since
+the publication of this article, the Korean Supreme Court affirmed the
+right to parody, but the general point remains.)</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you have political views that a certain government prohibits.
+You could be sued in that country, and the judgment against you there
+would be enforced wherever you live.</p>
+
+<p>
+Not long ago, Yahoo was sued in France for having links to U.S. sites
+that auctioned Nazi memorabilia, which is lawful in the U.S. After a
+French court required Yahoo France to block such links, Yahoo went to
+court in the U.S., asking for a ruling that the French judgment cannot
+be applied to the parent company in the U.S.</p>
+
+<p>
+It may come as a surprise to learn that exiled Chinese dissidents
+joined the case in support of Yahoo. But they knew what they were
+doing — their democracy movement depends on the outcome.</p>
+
+<p>
+You see, Nazism is not the only political view whose expression is
+prohibited in certain places. Criticism of the Chinese government is
+also prohibited — in China. If a French court ruling against
+Nazi statements is enforceable in the US, or in your country, maybe a
+Chinese court ruling against anti-Chinese-government statements will
+be enforceable there too. (This might be why China has joined the
+Hague treaty negotiations.) The Chinese government can easily adapt
+its censorship law so that the Hague treaty would apply to it; all it
+has to do is give private individuals (and government agencies) the
+right to sue dissident publications.</p>
+
+<p>
+China is not the only country to ban criticism of the government; as
+of this writing, the government of Victoria (Australia) is suing to
+suppress a book called Victoria Police Corruption on the grounds that
+it “scandalizes the courts.” This book is available on the
+Internet outside Australia. Australia is a Hague treaty participant;
+if the treaty applies to such cases, an Australian court judgment
+against the book could be used to suppress it elsewhere.</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile, works that criticize Islam have faced increasing censorship
+in Egypt, a Hague treaty participant; this too could be globalized by
+the Hague treaty.</p>
+
+<p>
+Americans may turn to the First Amendment to protect them from foreign
+judgments against their speech. The draft treaty permits a court to
+ignore a foreign judgment that is “manifestly incompatible with
+public policy.” That is a stringent criterion, so you cannot
+count on it to protect you just because your conduct is legal where
+you are. Just what it does cover is up to the particular judge. It
+is unlikely to help you against broad foreign interpretations of
+copyright, trademarks or software patents, but U.S. courts might use
+it to reject outright censorship judgments.</p>
+
+<p>
+However, even that won't help you if you publish on the Internet,
+because your <abbr title="Internet service provider">ISP</abbr>
either
+has assets in other countries or communicates to the world through
+larger <abbr>ISP</abbr>s that have them. A censorship judgment
+against your site, or any other kind, could be enforced against
+your <abbr>ISP</abbr>, or your <abbr>ISP</abbr>'s
+<abbr>ISP</abbr>, in any other country where it has assets —
and
+where there is no Bill of Rights, and freedom of speech does not enjoy
+the same exalted status as in the U.S. In response, the ISP will shut
+off your site. The Hague treaty would globalize pretexts for
+lawsuits, but not the protections for civil liberties, so any local
+protection could be bypassed.</p>
+
+<p>
+Does suing your <abbr>ISP</abbr> seem far-fetched? It already
+happens. When the multinational company Danone announced plans to
+close factories in France, Olivier Malnuit opened a site,
+jeboycottedanone.com, to criticize this. (The name is French for
+“I boycott Danone.”) Danone sued not only him but his site
+hosting company and domain name registrar for “counterfeiting of
+goods” — and in April 2001 received a ruling prohibiting
+Malnuit from mentioning the name “Danone” either in the
+domain name or in the text of the site. Even more telling, the
+registrar removed the domain in fear before the court made a
+ruling.</p>
+
+<p>
+The natural response for French dissidents is to publish their
+criticism of Danone outside France, just as Chinese dissidents publish
+their criticism of China outside China. But the Hague treaty would
+enable Danone to attack them everywhere. Perhaps even this article
+would be suppressed through its <abbr>ISP</abbr> or
+its <abbr>ISP</abbr>'s <abbr>ISP</abbr>.</p>
+
+<p>
+The potential effects of the treaty are not limited to laws that exist
+today. When 50 countries know that their court judgments could be
+enforced throughout North America, Europe and Asia, they would have
+plenty of temptation to pass laws just for that purpose.</p>
+
+<p>
+Suppose, for example, that Microsoft would like to be able to impose
+copyright on languages and network protocols. They could approach a
+small, poor country and offer to spend $50 million a year there for 20
+years, if only that country will pass a law saying that implementing a
+Microsoft language or protocol constitutes copyright infringement. They
+can surely find some country which would take the offer. Then if you
+implement a compatible program, Microsoft could sue you in that country,
+and win. When the judge rules in their favor and bans distribution of
+your program, the courts in your country will enforce the judgment on
+you, obeying the Hague treaty.</p>
+
+<p>
+Does this seem implausible? In 2000, Cisco pressured Liechtenstein, a
+small European country, to legalize software patents. And IBM's chief
+lobbyist threatened many European governments with a termination of
+investment if they did not support software patents. Meanwhile, the
+U.S. trade representative pressured Middle Eastern country Jordan to
+allow patents on mathematics.</p>
+
+<!-- The following link is dead, disabled - mhatta 2002/9/30 -->
+<!--
+<A HREF="http://www.usjoft.com/usjoft/memopro/memopro.html">patents on
+mathematics</A>.<p>
+-->
+<p>
+A meeting of consumer organizations
+(<a href="http://www.tacd.org">http://www.tacd.org</a>)
recommended in
+May 2001 that patents, copyrights and trademarks (“intellectual
+property”) should be excluded from the scope of the Hague
+treaty, because these laws vary considerably between countries.</p>
+
+<p>
+That is a good recommendation, but it only solves part of the problem.
+Patents and bizarre extensions of copyright are just two of many excuses
+used for suppression of publication in certain countries. To solve the
+problem thoroughly, all cases about the legality of distributing or
+transmitting particular information should be excluded from
+globalization under the treaty, and only the country where the
+distributor or transmitter operates should have jurisdiction.</p>
+
+<p>
+In Europe, people opposed to software patents will be active in
+working to change the Hague treaty.
+<!-- link dead, disabled - yavor, 24 Apr 2007 -->
+<!-- ; for more information, see
+<a
href="http://www.noepatents.org/hague">http://www.noepatents.org/hague</a>.
+-->
+In the U.S., the Consumer Project for Technology is taking the
+lead; for more information, see
+<a
href="http://www.cptech.org/ecom/jurisdiction/hague.html">http://www.cptech.org/ecom/jurisdiction/hague.html</a>.</p>
+
+<p>
+A diplomatic conference is slated to begin today (June 6, 2001) to work
+on the details of the Hague treaty. We should make ministries and the
+public aware of the possible dangers as soon as possible.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<!-- link dead, disabled - yavor, 24 Apr 2007 -->
+<!--
+You can read a draft of the Hague
+treaty <a
href="http://www.hcch.net/e/conventions/draft36e.html">here</a>.</p>
+-->
+<p>
+There is more information about the problems with the Hague
+at <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210507012748/http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">web.lemuria.org</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
+href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. There are also
<a
+href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and
other
+corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a
+href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
+ <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a> for
+information on coordinating and submitting translations of this
article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Copyright © <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2001</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2001, 2021</em></ins></span> Richard Stallman<br
/>
+Copyright © <span class="removed"><del><strong>2001</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>2001, 2021</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2021/09/08 07:04:20 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
Index: po/hague.it-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/hague.it-diff.html
diff -N po/hague.it-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/hague.it-diff.html 8 Sep 2021 07:04:21 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/hague.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<title>Harm from the Hague
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/hague.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Harm from the Hague</h2>
+
+<p>
+By <a href="http://www.stallman.org">Richard Stallman</a>, June
2001</p>
+
+<p>
+Europeans have energetically opposed and thwarted the attempt to
+introduce software patents in Europe. A proposed treaty, now being
+negotiated, threatens to subject software developers in Europe and
+other countries to U.S. software patents — and other harmful
+laws from around the world. The problem is not just for programmers;
+authors of all kinds will face new dangers. Even the censorship laws
+of various countries could have globalized effect.</p>
+
+<p>
+The Hague treaty is not actually about patents, or about copyrights, or
+about censorship, but it affects all of them. It is a treaty about
+jurisdiction, and how one country should treat the court decisions of
+another country. The basic idea is reasonable enough: if someone hits
+your car in France or breaks a contract with your French company, you
+can sue him in France, then bring the judgment to a court in whichever
+country he lives in (or has assets in) for enforcement.</p>
+
+<p>
+The treaty becomes a problem when it is extended to distribution of
+information — because information now travels normally and
+predictably to all countries. (The Internet is one way, but not the
+only way.) The consequence is that you could be sued about the
+information you distributed under the laws of <strong>any</strong>
+Hague country, and the judgment would probably be enforced by your
+country.</p>
+
+<p>
+For instance, if you release a software package (either free or not)
+in Germany, and people use it in the U.S., you could be sued for
+infringing an absurd U.S. software patent. That part does not depend
+on Hague — it could happen now. But right now you could ignore
+the U.S. judgment, safe in Germany, and the patent holder knows this.
+Under the Hague treaty, any German court would be required to enforce
+the U.S. judgment against you. In effect, the software patents of any
+signatory country would apply to all signatory countries. It isn't
+enough to keep software patents out of Europe, if U.S. or Japanese or
+Egyptian software patents can reach you there.</p>
+
+<p>
+But patent law is not the only area of law that could wreak havoc if
+globalized by the Hague treaty. Suppose you publish a statement
+criticizing a public figure. If copies are read in England, that public
+figure could sue you under the strict U.K. libel law. The laws of your
+country may support the right to criticize a public figure, but with the
+Hague treaty, they won't necessarily protect you any more.</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you publish a statement comparing your prices with your
+competitors' prices. If this is read in Germany, where comparative
+advertising is illegal, you could be sued in Germany and the judgment
+brought back to you wherever you are. (Subsequent note: I've received
+word that this law may have been changed in Germany. The point is the
+same, though—any country could have such a law, and some other
+European countries may still have one.)</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you publish a parody. If it is read in Korea, you could be
+sued there, since Korea does not recognize a right to parody. (Since
+the publication of this article, the Korean Supreme Court affirmed the
+right to parody, but the general point remains.)</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you have political views that a certain government prohibits.
+You could be sued in that country, and the judgment against you there
+would be enforced wherever you live.</p>
+
+<p>
+Not long ago, Yahoo was sued in France for having links to U.S. sites
+that auctioned Nazi memorabilia, which is lawful in the U.S. After a
+French court required Yahoo France to block such links, Yahoo went to
+court in the U.S., asking for a ruling that the French judgment cannot
+be applied to the parent company in the U.S.</p>
+
+<p>
+It may come as a surprise to learn that exiled Chinese dissidents
+joined the case in support of Yahoo. But they knew what they were
+doing — their democracy movement depends on the outcome.</p>
+
+<p>
+You see, Nazism is not the only political view whose expression is
+prohibited in certain places. Criticism of the Chinese government is
+also prohibited — in China. If a French court ruling against
+Nazi statements is enforceable in the US, or in your country, maybe a
+Chinese court ruling against anti-Chinese-government statements will
+be enforceable there too. (This might be why China has joined the
+Hague treaty negotiations.) The Chinese government can easily adapt
+its censorship law so that the Hague treaty would apply to it; all it
+has to do is give private individuals (and government agencies) the
+right to sue dissident publications.</p>
+
+<p>
+China is not the only country to ban criticism of the government; as
+of this writing, the government of Victoria (Australia) is suing to
+suppress a book called Victoria Police Corruption on the grounds that
+it “scandalizes the courts.” This book is available on the
+Internet outside Australia. Australia is a Hague treaty participant;
+if the treaty applies to such cases, an Australian court judgment
+against the book could be used to suppress it elsewhere.</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile, works that criticize Islam have faced increasing censorship
+in Egypt, a Hague treaty participant; this too could be globalized by
+the Hague treaty.</p>
+
+<p>
+Americans may turn to the First Amendment to protect them from foreign
+judgments against their speech. The draft treaty permits a court to
+ignore a foreign judgment that is “manifestly incompatible with
+public policy.” That is a stringent criterion, so you cannot
+count on it to protect you just because your conduct is legal where
+you are. Just what it does cover is up to the particular judge. It
+is unlikely to help you against broad foreign interpretations of
+copyright, trademarks or software patents, but U.S. courts might use
+it to reject outright censorship judgments.</p>
+
+<p>
+However, even that won't help you if you publish on the Internet,
+because your <abbr title="Internet service provider">ISP</abbr>
either
+has assets in other countries or communicates to the world through
+larger <abbr>ISP</abbr>s that have them. A censorship judgment
+against your site, or any other kind, could be enforced against
+your <abbr>ISP</abbr>, or your <abbr>ISP</abbr>'s
+<abbr>ISP</abbr>, in any other country where it has assets —
and
+where there is no Bill of Rights, and freedom of speech does not enjoy
+the same exalted status as in the U.S. In response, the ISP will shut
+off your site. The Hague treaty would globalize pretexts for
+lawsuits, but not the protections for civil liberties, so any local
+protection could be bypassed.</p>
+
+<p>
+Does suing your <abbr>ISP</abbr> seem far-fetched? It already
+happens. When the multinational company Danone announced plans to
+close factories in France, Olivier Malnuit opened a site,
+jeboycottedanone.com, to criticize this. (The name is French for
+“I boycott Danone.”) Danone sued not only him but his site
+hosting company and domain name registrar for “counterfeiting of
+goods” — and in April 2001 received a ruling prohibiting
+Malnuit from mentioning the name “Danone” either in the
+domain name or in the text of the site. Even more telling, the
+registrar removed the domain in fear before the court made a
+ruling.</p>
+
+<p>
+The natural response for French dissidents is to publish their
+criticism of Danone outside France, just as Chinese dissidents publish
+their criticism of China outside China. But the Hague treaty would
+enable Danone to attack them everywhere. Perhaps even this article
+would be suppressed through its <abbr>ISP</abbr> or
+its <abbr>ISP</abbr>'s <abbr>ISP</abbr>.</p>
+
+<p>
+The potential effects of the treaty are not limited to laws that exist
+today. When 50 countries know that their court judgments could be
+enforced throughout North America, Europe and Asia, they would have
+plenty of temptation to pass laws just for that purpose.</p>
+
+<p>
+Suppose, for example, that Microsoft would like to be able to impose
+copyright on languages and network protocols. They could approach a
+small, poor country and offer to spend $50 million a year there for 20
+years, if only that country will pass a law saying that implementing a
+Microsoft language or protocol constitutes copyright infringement. They
+can surely find some country which would take the offer. Then if you
+implement a compatible program, Microsoft could sue you in that country,
+and win. When the judge rules in their favor and bans distribution of
+your program, the courts in your country will enforce the judgment on
+you, obeying the Hague treaty.</p>
+
+<p>
+Does this seem implausible? In 2000, Cisco pressured Liechtenstein, a
+small European country, to legalize software patents. And IBM's chief
+lobbyist threatened many European governments with a termination of
+investment if they did not support software patents. Meanwhile, the
+U.S. trade representative pressured Middle Eastern country Jordan to
+allow patents on mathematics.</p>
+
+<!-- The following link is dead, disabled - mhatta 2002/9/30 -->
+<!--
+<A HREF="http://www.usjoft.com/usjoft/memopro/memopro.html">patents on
+mathematics</A>.<p>
+-->
+<p>
+A meeting of consumer organizations
+(<a href="http://www.tacd.org">http://www.tacd.org</a>)
recommended in
+May 2001 that patents, copyrights and trademarks (“intellectual
+property”) should be excluded from the scope of the Hague
+treaty, because these laws vary considerably between countries.</p>
+
+<p>
+That is a good recommendation, but it only solves part of the problem.
+Patents and bizarre extensions of copyright are just two of many excuses
+used for suppression of publication in certain countries. To solve the
+problem thoroughly, all cases about the legality of distributing or
+transmitting particular information should be excluded from
+globalization under the treaty, and only the country where the
+distributor or transmitter operates should have jurisdiction.</p>
+
+<p>
+In Europe, people opposed to software patents will be active in
+working to change the Hague treaty.
+<!-- link dead, disabled - yavor, 24 Apr 2007 -->
+<!-- ; for more information, see
+<a
href="http://www.noepatents.org/hague">http://www.noepatents.org/hague</a>.
+-->
+In the U.S., the Consumer Project for Technology is taking the
+lead; for more information, see
+<a
href="http://www.cptech.org/ecom/jurisdiction/hague.html">http://www.cptech.org/ecom/jurisdiction/hague.html</a>.</p>
+
+<p>
+A diplomatic conference is slated to begin today (June 6, 2001) to work
+on the details of the Hague treaty. We should make ministries and the
+public aware of the possible dangers as soon as possible.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<!-- link dead, disabled - yavor, 24 Apr 2007 -->
+<!--
+You can read a draft of the Hague
+treaty <a
href="http://www.hcch.net/e/conventions/draft36e.html">here</a>.</p>
+-->
+<p>
+There is more information about the problems with the Hague
+at <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210507012748/http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">web.lemuria.org</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
+href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. There are also
<a
+href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and
other
+corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a
+href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
+ <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a> for
+information on coordinating and submitting translations of this
article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Copyright © <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2001</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2001, 2021</em></ins></span> Richard Stallman<br
/>
+Copyright © <span class="removed"><del><strong>2001</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>2001, 2021</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2021/09/08 07:04:21 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
Index: po/hague.pl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/hague.pl-diff.html
diff -N po/hague.pl-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/hague.pl-diff.html 8 Sep 2021 07:04:21 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/hague.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<title>Harm from the Hague
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/hague.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Harm from the Hague</h2>
+
+<p>
+By <a href="http://www.stallman.org">Richard Stallman</a>, June
2001</p>
+
+<p>
+Europeans have energetically opposed and thwarted the attempt to
+introduce software patents in Europe. A proposed treaty, now being
+negotiated, threatens to subject software developers in Europe and
+other countries to U.S. software patents — and other harmful
+laws from around the world. The problem is not just for programmers;
+authors of all kinds will face new dangers. Even the censorship laws
+of various countries could have globalized effect.</p>
+
+<p>
+The Hague treaty is not actually about patents, or about copyrights, or
+about censorship, but it affects all of them. It is a treaty about
+jurisdiction, and how one country should treat the court decisions of
+another country. The basic idea is reasonable enough: if someone hits
+your car in France or breaks a contract with your French company, you
+can sue him in France, then bring the judgment to a court in whichever
+country he lives in (or has assets in) for enforcement.</p>
+
+<p>
+The treaty becomes a problem when it is extended to distribution of
+information — because information now travels normally and
+predictably to all countries. (The Internet is one way, but not the
+only way.) The consequence is that you could be sued about the
+information you distributed under the laws of <strong>any</strong>
+Hague country, and the judgment would probably be enforced by your
+country.</p>
+
+<p>
+For instance, if you release a software package (either free or not)
+in Germany, and people use it in the U.S., you could be sued for
+infringing an absurd U.S. software patent. That part does not depend
+on Hague — it could happen now. But right now you could ignore
+the U.S. judgment, safe in Germany, and the patent holder knows this.
+Under the Hague treaty, any German court would be required to enforce
+the U.S. judgment against you. In effect, the software patents of any
+signatory country would apply to all signatory countries. It isn't
+enough to keep software patents out of Europe, if U.S. or Japanese or
+Egyptian software patents can reach you there.</p>
+
+<p>
+But patent law is not the only area of law that could wreak havoc if
+globalized by the Hague treaty. Suppose you publish a statement
+criticizing a public figure. If copies are read in England, that public
+figure could sue you under the strict U.K. libel law. The laws of your
+country may support the right to criticize a public figure, but with the
+Hague treaty, they won't necessarily protect you any more.</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you publish a statement comparing your prices with your
+competitors' prices. If this is read in Germany, where comparative
+advertising is illegal, you could be sued in Germany and the judgment
+brought back to you wherever you are. (Subsequent note: I've received
+word that this law may have been changed in Germany. The point is the
+same, though—any country could have such a law, and some other
+European countries may still have one.)</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you publish a parody. If it is read in Korea, you could be
+sued there, since Korea does not recognize a right to parody. (Since
+the publication of this article, the Korean Supreme Court affirmed the
+right to parody, but the general point remains.)</p>
+
+<p>
+Or suppose you have political views that a certain government prohibits.
+You could be sued in that country, and the judgment against you there
+would be enforced wherever you live.</p>
+
+<p>
+Not long ago, Yahoo was sued in France for having links to U.S. sites
+that auctioned Nazi memorabilia, which is lawful in the U.S. After a
+French court required Yahoo France to block such links, Yahoo went to
+court in the U.S., asking for a ruling that the French judgment cannot
+be applied to the parent company in the U.S.</p>
+
+<p>
+It may come as a surprise to learn that exiled Chinese dissidents
+joined the case in support of Yahoo. But they knew what they were
+doing — their democracy movement depends on the outcome.</p>
+
+<p>
+You see, Nazism is not the only political view whose expression is
+prohibited in certain places. Criticism of the Chinese government is
+also prohibited — in China. If a French court ruling against
+Nazi statements is enforceable in the US, or in your country, maybe a
+Chinese court ruling against anti-Chinese-government statements will
+be enforceable there too. (This might be why China has joined the
+Hague treaty negotiations.) The Chinese government can easily adapt
+its censorship law so that the Hague treaty would apply to it; all it
+has to do is give private individuals (and government agencies) the
+right to sue dissident publications.</p>
+
+<p>
+China is not the only country to ban criticism of the government; as
+of this writing, the government of Victoria (Australia) is suing to
+suppress a book called Victoria Police Corruption on the grounds that
+it “scandalizes the courts.” This book is available on the
+Internet outside Australia. Australia is a Hague treaty participant;
+if the treaty applies to such cases, an Australian court judgment
+against the book could be used to suppress it elsewhere.</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile, works that criticize Islam have faced increasing censorship
+in Egypt, a Hague treaty participant; this too could be globalized by
+the Hague treaty.</p>
+
+<p>
+Americans may turn to the First Amendment to protect them from foreign
+judgments against their speech. The draft treaty permits a court to
+ignore a foreign judgment that is “manifestly incompatible with
+public policy.” That is a stringent criterion, so you cannot
+count on it to protect you just because your conduct is legal where
+you are. Just what it does cover is up to the particular judge. It
+is unlikely to help you against broad foreign interpretations of
+copyright, trademarks or software patents, but U.S. courts might use
+it to reject outright censorship judgments.</p>
+
+<p>
+However, even that won't help you if you publish on the Internet,
+because your <abbr title="Internet service provider">ISP</abbr>
either
+has assets in other countries or communicates to the world through
+larger <abbr>ISP</abbr>s that have them. A censorship judgment
+against your site, or any other kind, could be enforced against
+your <abbr>ISP</abbr>, or your <abbr>ISP</abbr>'s
+<abbr>ISP</abbr>, in any other country where it has assets —
and
+where there is no Bill of Rights, and freedom of speech does not enjoy
+the same exalted status as in the U.S. In response, the ISP will shut
+off your site. The Hague treaty would globalize pretexts for
+lawsuits, but not the protections for civil liberties, so any local
+protection could be bypassed.</p>
+
+<p>
+Does suing your <abbr>ISP</abbr> seem far-fetched? It already
+happens. When the multinational company Danone announced plans to
+close factories in France, Olivier Malnuit opened a site,
+jeboycottedanone.com, to criticize this. (The name is French for
+“I boycott Danone.”) Danone sued not only him but his site
+hosting company and domain name registrar for “counterfeiting of
+goods” — and in April 2001 received a ruling prohibiting
+Malnuit from mentioning the name “Danone” either in the
+domain name or in the text of the site. Even more telling, the
+registrar removed the domain in fear before the court made a
+ruling.</p>
+
+<p>
+The natural response for French dissidents is to publish their
+criticism of Danone outside France, just as Chinese dissidents publish
+their criticism of China outside China. But the Hague treaty would
+enable Danone to attack them everywhere. Perhaps even this article
+would be suppressed through its <abbr>ISP</abbr> or
+its <abbr>ISP</abbr>'s <abbr>ISP</abbr>.</p>
+
+<p>
+The potential effects of the treaty are not limited to laws that exist
+today. When 50 countries know that their court judgments could be
+enforced throughout North America, Europe and Asia, they would have
+plenty of temptation to pass laws just for that purpose.</p>
+
+<p>
+Suppose, for example, that Microsoft would like to be able to impose
+copyright on languages and network protocols. They could approach a
+small, poor country and offer to spend $50 million a year there for 20
+years, if only that country will pass a law saying that implementing a
+Microsoft language or protocol constitutes copyright infringement. They
+can surely find some country which would take the offer. Then if you
+implement a compatible program, Microsoft could sue you in that country,
+and win. When the judge rules in their favor and bans distribution of
+your program, the courts in your country will enforce the judgment on
+you, obeying the Hague treaty.</p>
+
+<p>
+Does this seem implausible? In 2000, Cisco pressured Liechtenstein, a
+small European country, to legalize software patents. And IBM's chief
+lobbyist threatened many European governments with a termination of
+investment if they did not support software patents. Meanwhile, the
+U.S. trade representative pressured Middle Eastern country Jordan to
+allow patents on mathematics.</p>
+
+<!-- The following link is dead, disabled - mhatta 2002/9/30 -->
+<!--
+<A HREF="http://www.usjoft.com/usjoft/memopro/memopro.html">patents on
+mathematics</A>.<p>
+-->
+<p>
+A meeting of consumer organizations
+(<a href="http://www.tacd.org">http://www.tacd.org</a>)
recommended in
+May 2001 that patents, copyrights and trademarks (“intellectual
+property”) should be excluded from the scope of the Hague
+treaty, because these laws vary considerably between countries.</p>
+
+<p>
+That is a good recommendation, but it only solves part of the problem.
+Patents and bizarre extensions of copyright are just two of many excuses
+used for suppression of publication in certain countries. To solve the
+problem thoroughly, all cases about the legality of distributing or
+transmitting particular information should be excluded from
+globalization under the treaty, and only the country where the
+distributor or transmitter operates should have jurisdiction.</p>
+
+<p>
+In Europe, people opposed to software patents will be active in
+working to change the Hague treaty.
+<!-- link dead, disabled - yavor, 24 Apr 2007 -->
+<!-- ; for more information, see
+<a
href="http://www.noepatents.org/hague">http://www.noepatents.org/hague</a>.
+-->
+In the U.S., the Consumer Project for Technology is taking the
+lead; for more information, see
+<a
href="http://www.cptech.org/ecom/jurisdiction/hague.html">http://www.cptech.org/ecom/jurisdiction/hague.html</a>.</p>
+
+<p>
+A diplomatic conference is slated to begin today (June 6, 2001) to work
+on the details of the Hague treaty. We should make ministries and the
+public aware of the possible dangers as soon as possible.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<!-- link dead, disabled - yavor, 24 Apr 2007 -->
+<!--
+You can read a draft of the Hague
+treaty <a
href="http://www.hcch.net/e/conventions/draft36e.html">here</a>.</p>
+-->
+<p>
+There is more information about the problems with the Hague
+at <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210507012748/http://web.lemuria.org/DeCSS/hague.html">web.lemuria.org</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
+href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. There are also
<a
+href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and
other
+corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a
+href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
+ <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a> for
+information on coordinating and submitting translations of this
article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Copyright © <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2001</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2001, 2021</em></ins></span> Richard Stallman<br
/>
+Copyright © <span class="removed"><del><strong>2001</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>2001, 2021</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2021/09/08 07:04:21 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
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