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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy amazon-nat.fr.html amazon-rms-ti... |
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Date: |
Fri, 3 Sep 2021 04:03:52 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/09/03 04:03:52
Modified files:
philosophy : amazon-nat.fr.html amazon-rms-tim.fr.html
amazon.fr.html assigning-copyright.fr.html
bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr.html
boldrin-levine.fr.html
bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr.html
censoring-emacs.fr.html
computing-progress.fr.html
contradictory-support.fr.html
copyright-versus-community-2000.fr.html
copyright-versus-community.fr.html
correcting-france-mistake.fr.html dat.fr.html
digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr.html
dmarti-patent.fr.html drdobbs-letter.fr.html
ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr.html
ebooks.fr.html google-engineering-talk.fr.html
philosophy/po : amazon-nat.fr-en.html amazon-rms-tim.fr-en.html
amazon.fr-en.html
assigning-copyright.fr-en.html
bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr-en.html
boldrin-levine.fr-en.html
bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr-en.html
censoring-emacs.fr-en.html
computing-progress.fr-en.html
contradictory-support.fr-en.html
contradictory-support.fr.po
copyright-versus-community-2000.fr-en.html
copyright-versus-community.fr-en.html
correcting-france-mistake.fr-en.html
dat.fr-en.html
digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr-en.html
dmarti-patent.fr-en.html
drdobbs-letter.fr-en.html
ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr-en.html
ebooks.fr-en.html
google-engineering-talk.fr-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/amazon-nat.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.58&r2=1.59
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.49&r2=1.50
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/amazon.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.85&r2=1.86
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http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/boldrin-levine.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.66&r2=1.67
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.32&r2=1.33
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/censoring-emacs.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.64&r2=1.65
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/computing-progress.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.58&r2=1.59
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/contradictory-support.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.8&r2=1.9
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/copyright-versus-community-2000.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.56&r2=1.57
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/copyright-versus-community.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.87&r2=1.88
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.36&r2=1.37
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http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.65&r2=1.66
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.43&r2=1.44
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/ebooks.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.68&r2=1.69
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/google-engineering-talk.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.55&r2=1.56
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/amazon-nat.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.31&r2=1.32
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/amazon-rms-tim.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.32&r2=1.33
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/amazon.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.46&r2=1.47
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http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/boldrin-levine.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.37&r2=1.38
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.23&r2=1.24
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/censoring-emacs.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.33&r2=1.34
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/computing-progress.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.37&r2=1.38
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/contradictory-support.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/contradictory-support.fr.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.19&r2=1.20
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/copyright-versus-community-2000.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.39&r2=1.40
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/copyright-versus-community.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.56&r2=1.57
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http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/dat.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.35&r2=1.36
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.70&r2=1.71
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/dmarti-patent.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.37&r2=1.38
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/drdobbs-letter.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.32&r2=1.33
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.32&r2=1.33
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/ebooks.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.39&r2=1.40
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/google-engineering-talk.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.39&r2=1.40
Patches:
Index: amazon-nat.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/amazon-nat.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.58
retrieving revision 1.59
diff -u -b -r1.58 -r1.59
--- amazon-nat.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.58
+++ amazon-nat.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.59
@@ -1,70 +1,69 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/amazon-nat.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Lettre sur Amazon de Nat - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/amazon-nat.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Lettre sur Amazon de Nat</h2>
-<p>Voici une lettre de Nat Friedman concernant le boycott d'Amazon. Veuillez en
-lire plus au sujet de ce boycott <a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">ici</a>
-et nous soutenir en faisant un lien sur votre page d'accueil !</p>
-
-<pre>
-Date : Jeudi 23 décembre 1999 17:26:30 -0500 (EST)
-De : Nat Friedman <nat@nat.org>
-Pour : Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
-Sujet : Succès du boycott d'Amazon !
-Content-Type : text/plain; charset=us-ascii
-Content-Length : 658
-
-Hello Richard,
-
- It seems that your efforts to build resistance to Amazon's
-ludicrous one-click patent are really paying off! My father is a
-stock broker, and tonight he showed me a news item which came over his
-company's internal wire service describing (fairly accurately) the
-boycott and your roll in it. Apparently it has been widely
-distributed among the brokerage firms, and AMZN was down 7 points
-today on the news (at least, there was no other readily-apparent
-reason for the downturn).
-
- Perhaps now that Amazon is getting hit in the pocketbook, they'll
-pay more attention.
-
- Congratulations! Keep it up.
-
-As always, best wishes,
-Nat
-</pre>
+<div class="infobox">
+<p><i>Voici une lettre de Nat Friedman concernant le boycott d'Amazon. Veuillez
+en lire plus au sujet de ce boycott <a
+href="/philosophy/amazon.html">ici</a> et nous soutenir en faisant un lien
+sur votre page d'accueil !</i></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
-<div class="translators-notes">
+<p class="infobox">
+Date : Jeudi 23 décembre 1999 17:26:30 -0500 (EST)<br />
+De : Nat Friedman <nat@nat.org><br />
+Pour : Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.org><br />
+Sujet : Succès du boycott d'Amazon !<br />
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii<br />
+Content-Length: 658</p>
-<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
-Traduction de la lettre :<br />
-Salut Richard,<br /><br />
-Il semble que tes efforts pour organiser une résistance autour de cet
+<p>
+Salut Richard,
+</p><p>
+ Il semble que tes efforts pour organiser une résistance autour de cet
absurde brevet d'Amazon sur « l'achat en un clic » soient vraiment
payants !
Mon père est courtier en bourse, et il m'a montré ce soir une nouvelle
provenant de la messagerie interne de sa société et décrivant (assez
précisément) le boycott et le rôle que tu y as joué. Apparemment, cette
nouvelle a été largement diffusée parmi les firmes de courtage et a fait
perdre 7 points à AMZN aujourd'hui (du moins, il n'y avait pas d'autre
-raison évidente pour cette chute).<br /><br />
-Maintenant qu'Amazon est touchée au porte-monnaie, peut-être qu'ils feront
-plus attention.<br /><br />
-Félicitations ! Continue.<br /><br />
+raison évidente pour cette chute).
+</p><p>
+ Maintenant qu'Amazon est touchée au porte-monnaie, peut-être qu'ils
feront
+plus attention.
+</p><p>
+ Félicitations ! Continue.
+</p><p>
Comme toujours, meilleurs vÅux,<br />
-Nat</div>
+Nat
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="translators-notes">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
+ </div>
</div>
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -113,13 +112,13 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999, 2007, 2008, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1999, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -131,11 +130,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: amazon-rms-tim.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.49
retrieving revision 1.50
diff -u -b -r1.49 -r1.50
--- amazon-rms-tim.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.49
+++ amazon-rms-tim.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.50
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Lettre sur Amazon de RMS Ã Tim O'Reilly - Projet GNU - Free Software
@@ -9,68 +12,75 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/amazon-rms-tim.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Lettre de RMS Ã Tim O'Reilly</h2>
-<p>
-Voici un message que <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+<div class="infobox">
+<p><i>Voici un message que <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
M. Stallman</a> a envoyé à Tim O'Reilly le 11 mars 2000, concernant la
déclaration de Jeff Bezos, PDG d'Amazon, qui appelait à ce que les brevets
-logiciels ne durent que de 3Â Ã 5Â ans.</p>
+logiciels ne durent que 3Â Ã 5Â ans.</i></p>
+</div>
+<div class="important">
<p>
-Veuillez <a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">en lire plus</a> au sujet de ce
-boycott.
+<a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">Apprenez-en plus</a> sur ce boycott.
</p>
<p>
-Veuillez également nous soutenir en mettant un lien sur votre page d'accueil
-et sur vos sites vers <a
+Et merci de nous soutenir en mettant ce lien sur votre page d'accueil et vos
+sites :<br />
+<a
href="/philosophy/amazon.html"><strong>http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/amazon.html</strong></a>Â
!
</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
-<pre>
-L'idée que les brevets logiciels ne devraient durer que de 3 à 5 ans
-a été proposée il y a une dizaine d'années maintenant, en tant que
-compromis susceptible d'éliminer l'essentiel du préjudice causé par
-les brevets logiciels actuellement. Le soutien de cette idée par Jeff
-Bezos est une bonne chose, puisque cela peut nous rapprocher d'une action
-par le Congrès. Félicitations pour avoir aidé à obtenir cela.
-
-Mais une telle loi est loin d'être imminente, et en attendant, Amazon
-est toujours responsable de ses actes.
-
-Parmi les milliers de sociétés qui ont obtenu des brevets logiciels,
-nous nous sommes concentrés sur Amazon pour faire un boycott, car elle
-fait partie de la minorité de celles qui sont allées jusqu'à poursuivre
+<p>
+L'idée que les brevets logiciels ne devraient durer que de 3 à 5 ans a été
+proposée il y a une dizaine d'années maintenant, en tant que compromis
+susceptible d'éliminer l'essentiel du préjudice causé par les brevets
+logiciels actuellement. Le soutien de cette idée par Jeff Bezos est une
+bonne chose, puisque cela peut nous rapprocher d'une action par le
+Congrès. Félicitations pour avoir aidé à obtenir cela.
+</p><p>
+Mais une telle loi est loin d'être imminente, et en attendant, Amazon est
+toujours responsable de ses actes.
+</p><p>
+Parmi les milliers de sociétés qui ont obtenu des brevets logiciels, nous
+nous sommes concentrés sur Amazon pour faire un boycott, car elle fait
+partie de la minorité de celles qui sont allées jusqu'à poursuivre
quelqu'un. Cela fait d'eux des délinquants flagrants. La plupart des
détenteurs de brevets logiciels disent qu'ils les possèdent pour « se
-défendre », pour forcer la négociation de licences croisées au cas
-où ils seraient menacés de poursuites à cause de brevets. Puisqu'il
-s'agit d'une véritable stratégie d'autodéfense, beaucoup pourraient
-vraiment penser ce qu'ils disent. Mais cette excuse ne tient pas pour
-Amazon, car ce sont eux qui ont tiré les premiers.
-
-La lettre de Bezos réaffirme l'intention persistante d'Amazon d'engager
-une guerre de brevets sans restriction, et indique que la décision de
-la date et du lieu de l'attaque serait prise en fonction de « raisons
+défendre », pour forcer la négociation de licences croisées au cas où ils
+seraient menacés de poursuites à cause de brevets. Puisqu'il s'agit d'une
+véritable stratégie d'autodéfense, beaucoup pourraient vraiment penser ce
+qu'ils disent. Mais cette excuse ne tient pas pour Amazon, car ce sont eux
+qui ont tiré les premiers.
+</p><p>
+La lettre de Bezos réaffirme l'intention persistante d'Amazon d'engager une
+guerre de brevets sans restriction, et indique que la décision de la date et
+du lieu de l'attaque serait prise en fonction de « raisons
commerciales ». Je rejoindrais avec plaisir Bezos pour soutenir une
-proposition de loi qui limiterait les brevets logiciels à 3 ou 5 ans,
-mais je crois que nous devons continuer à critiquer et boycotter Amazon
-jusqu'à ce qu'une telle loi soit réellement adoptée (ou jusqu'à ce
-qu'Amazon change suffisamment sa conduite pour justifier un changement
-de la nôtre).
-
-Cela ne veut pas dire exiger d'Amazon qu'elle aille jusqu'Ã renoncer Ã
-ses propres brevets. La dissuasion par les brevets est une défense
-inadéquate contre des agresseurs armés de brevets, mais c'est la seule.
-Donc je ne demanderais pas à Amazon (ni à quiconque) de s'abstenir
-d'utiliser des brevets pour l'autodéfense ou pour la sécurité collective.
-Amazon et les autres détenteurs de brevets devraient plutôt renoncer Ã
-les utiliser pour l'attaque et adopter comme politique de ne pas les
-utiliser en premier. Si Amazon faisait cela, de manière irrévocable et
-avec des engagements contraignants, je n'aurais plus d'autre critique Ã
-formuler à son encontre.
-</pre>
+proposition de loi qui limiterait les brevets logiciels à 3 ou 5 ans, mais
+je crois que nous devons continuer à critiquer et boycotter Amazon jusqu'Ã
+ce qu'une telle loi soit réellement adoptée (ou jusqu'à ce qu'Amazon modifie
+suffisamment sa conduite pour justifier un changement de la nôtre).
+</p><p>
+Il ne s'agit pas d'exiger qu'Amazon aille jusqu'à renoncer à ses propres
+brevets. La dissuasion par les brevets est une défense inadéquate contre des
+agresseurs armés de brevets, mais c'est la seule. Donc je ne demanderais pas
+à Amazon (ni à quiconque) de s'abstenir d'utiliser des brevets pour
+l'autodéfense ou pour la sécurité collective. Amazon et les autres
+détenteurs de brevets devraient plutôt renoncer à les utiliser pour
+l'attaque et adopter comme politique de ne pas les utiliser en premier. Si
+Amazon faisait cela, de manière irrévocable et avec des engagements
+contraignants, je n'aurais plus d'autre critique à formuler à son encontre.
+</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -80,7 +90,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -100,7 +110,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -129,7 +139,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999, 2007, 2008, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -147,11 +157,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: amazon.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/amazon.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.85
retrieving revision 1.86
diff -u -b -r1.85 -r1.86
--- amazon.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.85
+++ amazon.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.86
@@ -1,28 +1,36 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/amazon.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Boycottez Amazon ! (autrefois) - Projet GNU - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/amazon.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Boycottez Amazon ! (autrefois)</h2>
-<div class="comment">
+<div class="infobox">
<p>
-La FSF a décidé de mettre fin au boycott d'Amazon en septembre 2002 (à cette
-époque nous avions oublié d'éditer cette page). Nous ne saurions dire le
-résultat précis du procès contre Barnes & Noble, mais il n'a pas semblé
-faire beaucoup de mal au défendeur. Et Amazon n'a attaqué personne
d'autre.</p>
+<i>La FSF a décidé de mettre fin au boycott d'Amazon en septembre 2002 (Ã
+cette époque nous avions oublié d'éditer cette page). Nous ne saurions dire
+le résultat précis du procès contre Barnes & Noble, mais il n'a pas
+semblé faire beaucoup de mal au défendeur. Et Amazon n'a attaqué personne
+d'autre.</i></p>
<p>
-Amazon a obtenu un certain nombre d'autres brevets menaçants depuis lors,
+<i>Amazon a obtenu un certain nombre d'autres brevets menaçants depuis lors,
mais ne les a pas employés jusqu'ici de manière agressive. Peut-être que
-cela ne durera pas. Si c'est le cas, nous verrons comment le dénoncer.</p>
+cela ne durera pas. Si c'est le cas, nous verrons comment le dénoncer.</i></p>
<p>
-La suite de cette page est telle qu'elle était en 2001 à l'époque où le
-boycott était actif.</p>
+<i>La suite de cette page est telle qu'elle était en 2001 à l'époque où le
+boycott était actif.</i></p>
</div>
<hr class="thin" />
@@ -188,13 +196,13 @@
<p>
Tim O'Reilly a envoyé à Amazon une <a
-href="http://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/oreilly/ask_tim/2000/amazon_patent.html";>lettre
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131114095827/http://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/oreilly/ask_tim/2000/amazon_patent.html";>lettre
ouverte</a> désapprouvant l'utilisation de ce brevet, la force de cette
déclaration étant un peu mitigée par son refus d'arrêter de faire affaire
avec eux.</p>
<p>
-<a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard M. Stallman</a> a adressé une <a
+<a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard M. Stallman</a> a adressé une <a
href="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.html">lettre à Tim O'Reilly</a> concernant
les propos tenus par Jeff Bezos, PDG d'Amazon ; cette lettre appelle Ã
limiter la durée des brevets à 3 ou 5 ans.</p>
@@ -215,16 +223,17 @@
litiges nauséabonds d'un autre ordre</a>.</p>
<p>
-Voir <a href="http://endsoftpatents.org";>http://endsoftpatents.org</a> pour
-un supplément d'information sur les problèmes que posent les <a
+Voir <a href="https://endsoftpatents.org";>endsoftpatents.org</a> pour un
+supplément d'information sur les problèmes que posent les <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150329143651/http://progfree.org/Patents/patents.html";>
brevets logiciels</a>.</p>
<p>
Les « Professionnels de l'informatique pour la responsabilité sociale »
<i>[Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility]</i> <a
-href="http://web.archive.org/web/20010430183216/http://www.cpsr.org/links/bookstore/";>
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010430183216/http://www.cpsr.org/links/bookstore/";>
ont annulé leur affiliation avec Amazon</a>.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -234,7 +243,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -254,7 +263,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -283,8 +292,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2007, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2018, 2019, 2020
-Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -302,7 +310,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: assigning-copyright.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/assigning-copyright.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.51
retrieving revision 1.52
diff -u -b -r1.51 -r1.52
--- assigning-copyright.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.51
+++ assigning-copyright.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.52
@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/assigning-copyright.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing copyleft" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Quand une entreprise vous demande de lui céder vos droits - Projet GNU
-
Free Software Foundation</title>
<link rel="canonical"
- href="http://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/assigning-copyright"; />
+ href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/assigning-copyright"; />
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/assigning-copyright.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Quand une entreprise vous demande de lui céder vos droits</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>Les entreprises qui développent du logiciel libre et le publient sous la
licence GNU GPL diffusent parfois des copies de ce code suivant d'autres
@@ -23,10 +31,11 @@
mode uniquement privateur, nous appelons cela publier une version purement
privatrice du programme.</p>
-<p>Nous expliquons <a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">ici</a>
-pourquoi vendre des exceptions est acceptable, bien que limite. En revanche,
-publier une version purement privatrice est totalement incorrect, comme pour
-tout autre logiciel privateur.</p>
+<p>Nous expliquons dans « <a
href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">Vendre
+des exceptions à la GNU GPL</a> » pourquoi vendre des exceptions est
+acceptable, bien que limite. En revanche, publier une version purement
+privatrice est totalement incorrect, comme pour tout autre logiciel
+privateur.</p>
<p>Normalement, les entreprises font cela avec du code qu'elles ont
développé. Puisqu'elles détiennent le copyright de ce code, elles peuvent
@@ -80,7 +89,7 @@
vos contributions dans des logiciels disponibles uniquement sous licence
privatrice.</p>
-<p>Si vos contributions sont plus petites, vous pouvez accepter une condition
+<p>Si vos contributions sont plus réduites, vous pouvez accepter une condition
moins contraignante, Ã savoir que l'entreprise rende vos contributions
disponibles dans une version libre du logiciel ainsi qu'éventuellement dans
des programmes non libres. Cela permettrait à l'entreprise d'utiliser vos
@@ -96,53 +105,54 @@
des versions purement privatrices, vous pouvez exiger une condition qui
ressemblerait à ceci :</p>
-<blockquote>
- <p>Any program based on (as defined in GNU General Public License version 3)
-Hacker's code that FOO distributes shall be made available by FOO under a)
-the “GNU General Public License (GPL), version 2 or later”, or
-b) the licensing in (a), above, but with “2” replaced by any
-higher existing GPL version number. Provided FOO makes the program
-available as source code gratis to the public in this way, it may also
-distribute the identical program to some of its users under terms permitting
-them to link the program's code with nonfree code and release the
-combination in binary form under a license of their own choosing.
-<br/><br/>Traduction non officielle :<br/><br/>
-Tout logiciel « basé sur » (comme défini dans la licence publique
générale
-GNU version 3) le code de Hacker que TOTO distribue doit être rendu
-disponible par TOTO sous a) la « licence publique générale, version 2 ou
-supérieure » ou b) la licence de (a) ci-dessus, dont le « 2 » est
remplacé
+<blockquote class="emph-box">
+ <p><i>Any program based on (as defined in GNU General Public License version
3)
+Hacker's code that FOO distributes shall be made available by FOO under
+<b>(a)</b> the “GNU General Public License (GPL), version 2 or
+later,” or <b>(b)</b> the licensing in (a), above, but with
+“2” replaced by any higher existing GPL version number.
+Provided FOO makes the program available as source code gratis to the public
+in this way, it may also distribute the identical program to some of its
+users under terms permitting them to link the program's code with nonfree
+code and release the combination in binary form under a license of their own
+choosing.</i></p>
+<p>Traduction non officielle :</p>
+<p>Tout logiciel « basé sur » (comme défini dans la licence publique
+générale GNU version 3) le code de Hacker que TOTO distribue doit être
rendu
+disponible par TOTO sous (a) la « licence publique générale, version 2 ou
+supérieure » ou (b) la licence de (a) ci-dessus, dont le « 2 » est
remplacé
par n'importe quelle version ultérieure existante de la GPL. à condition que
-TOTO rende le logiciel disponible sous forme de code source gratuitement et
-publiquement de cette façon, elle a également le droit de distribuer une
-version identique du logiciel à certains de ses utilisateurs sous des
-clauses leur permettant de lier le code du logiciel avec du code non libre
-et de publier la combinaison des deux sous forme binaire sous une licence de
-leur choix.</p>
+TOTO mette ce logiciel à disposition du public sous forme de code source,
+gratuitement et comme décrit plus haut, il a également le droit de
+distribuer une version identique du logiciel à certains de ses utilisateurs
+sous des clauses leur permettant de lier le code du logiciel avec du code
+non libre et de publier la combinaison des deux sous forme binaire sous une
+licence de leur choix.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Ou, si l'objet de votre désaccord est qu'une variante <em>de votre
code</em>
puisse être publiée seulement dans une version privatrice, vous pouvez
exiger une condition qui ressemblerait à ceci :</p>
-<blockquote>
- <p>Any program based on (as defined in GNU General Public License version 3)
-Hacker's code that FOO distributes shall be made available by FOO under a)
-the “GNU General Public License (GPL), version 2 or later”, or
-b) the licensing in (a), above, but with “2” replaced by any
-higher existing GPL version number. Provided FOO makes the program
-available as source code gratis to the public in this way, it may also
-distribute the same version of Hacker's code in other programs released
-under other licenses of its own choosing.<br/><br/>Traduction non
-officielle :<br/><br/>
-Tout logiciel « basé sur » (comme défini dans la licence publique
générale
-GNU version 3) le code de Hacker que TOTO distribue doit être rendu
-disponible par TOTO sous a) la « licence publique générale, version 2 ou
-supérieure » ou b) la licence de (a) ci-dessus, dont le « 2 » est
remplacé
-par n'importe quelle version ultérieure existante de la GPL. à condition que
-TOTO rende le logiciel disponible sous forme de code source gratuitement et
-publiquement de cette façon, elle peut aussi distribuer la même version du
-code de Hacker dans d'autres logiciels publiés sous d'autres licences de son
-choix.</p>
+<blockquote class="emph-box">
+ <p><i>Any program based on (as defined in GNU General Public License version
3)
+Hacker's code that FOO distributes shall be made available by FOO under
+<b>(a)</b> the “GNU General Public License (GPL), version 2 or
+later,” or <b>(b)</b> the licensing in (a), above, but with
+“2” replaced by any higher existing GPL version number.
+Provided FOO makes the program available as source code gratis to the public
+in this way, it may also distribute the same version of Hacker's code in
+other programs released under other licenses of its own choosing.</i></p>
+<p>Traduction non officielle :</p>
+<p>Tout logiciel « basé sur » (comme défini dans la licence publique
+générale GNU version 3) le code de Hacker que TOTO distribue doit être
rendu
+disponible par TOTO sous <b>(a)</b> la « licence publique générale,
+version 2 ou supérieure » ou <b>(b)</b> la licence de (a) ci-dessus, dont
le
+« 2 » est remplacé par n'importe quelle version ultérieure existante de
la
+GPL. à condition que TOTO mette ce logiciel à disposition du public sous
+forme de code source, gratuitement et comme décrit plus haut, il peut aussi
+distribuer la même version du code de Hacker dans d'autres logiciels publiés
+sous d'autres licences de son choix.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Si le logiciel est publié sous la licence publique générale GNU Affero,
@@ -151,14 +161,15 @@
TOTO distribue » par « que TOTO distribue, ou déploie sur un serveur
accessible à des utilisateurs autres que TOTO ».</p>
-<p>La FSF a fait réviser ces textes par un juriste, mais vous devriez demander
-conseil vous-même à un juriste avant de les utiliser.</p>
+<p>La FSF a fait réviser ces textes par un juriste, mais vous devriez prendre
+vous-même conseil d'un juriste avant de les utiliser.</p>
<p>Lorsqu'une entreprise vous annoncera lesquelles de ces conditions elle est
prête à accepter, cela vous indiquera quelle distance elle garde avec les
principes du logiciel libre. Vous pourrez alors, par votre réponse, faire en
sorte que votre travail contribue à la communauté du logiciel libre et ne
soit pas détourné vers du logiciel privateur.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -171,7 +182,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -191,7 +202,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -204,13 +215,13 @@
les infos nécessaires.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2010, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -222,11 +233,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000
1.7
+++ bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000
1.8
@@ -1,22 +1,23 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.78 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Bill Gates et autres communistes - Projet GNU - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/bill-gates-and-other-communists.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Bill Gates et autres communistes</h2>
-<p>par Richard Stallman</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-<p>Initialement publié en 2005 par <a
-href="https://www.cnet.com/news/bill-gates-and-other-communists/";>CNET
-News</a>.</p>
-</blockquote>
+<address class="byline">par Richard Stallman</address>
<p>Bill Gates a abordé la question des brevets avec CNET dans le cadre de la
« <a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">propriété intellectuelle</a> », un
@@ -100,12 +101,12 @@
Gates aux employés de cette société en 1991 :</p>
<blockquote>
-<p>« Si, à l'époque où la plupart des concepts utilisés aujourd'hui ont
été
+<p>Si, à l'époque où la plupart des concepts utilisés aujourd'hui ont été
inventés, les gens avaient compris de quelle manière les brevets seraient
octroyés et en avaient déposé, l'industrie serait de nos jours au point mort
le plus complet [...] Une future jeune pousse ne possédant aucun brevet en
propre se verra dans l'obligation de payer le prix que les géants auront
-choisi d'imposer, quel qu'il soit. »</p>
+choisi d'imposer, quel qu'il soit.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Le secret de M. Gates est maintenant dévoilé â lui aussi a été
@@ -122,6 +123,14 @@
le Parlement européen â en obtenant même le soutien d'eurodéputés de
droite â et avec votre aide nous y arriverons encore.</p>
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>Initialement publié en 2005 par <a
+href="https://www.cnet.com/news/bill-gates-and-other-communists/";>CNET
+News</a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
<div class="translators-notes">
<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
@@ -130,7 +139,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -150,7 +159,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -179,7 +188,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2005, 2015, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2005, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -197,11 +206,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: boldrin-levine.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/boldrin-levine.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.66
retrieving revision 1.67
diff -u -b -r1.66 -r1.67
--- boldrin-levine.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.66
+++ boldrin-levine.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.67
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws noip" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Critique : Boldrin et Levine, « Le procès contre la propriété
@@ -9,11 +12,14 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/boldrin-levine.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Critique : Boldrin et Levine, « Le procès contre la propriété
intellectuelle »</h2>
-<p>
-par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p>
Dans <a
@@ -68,6 +74,7 @@
<p>
L'article s'adresse aux économistes et il est quelque peu mathématique. La
vulgarisation de ses idées serait utile.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -77,7 +84,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -97,7 +104,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -126,7 +133,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2003, 2014, 2015, 2018 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2003, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -144,7 +151,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr.html 1 Jun 2021 06:29:21 -0000
1.32
+++ bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000
1.33
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural ns" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Le bogue que personne n'est autorisé à comprendre - Projet GNU - Free
@@ -9,9 +12,13 @@
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Le bogue que personne n'est autorisé à comprendre</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p>Dans les années 80, les utilisateurs de logiciels privateurs
(propriétaires)
ont découvert le problème du <em>bogue que personne n'est autorisé Ã
@@ -22,11 +29,12 @@
et le bogue n'est jamais corrigé, sauf par accident.</p>
<p>D'après <a
-href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/joris-luyendijk-banking-blog/2012/may/30/former-it-salesman-voices-of-finance";>cet
+href="https://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/joris-luyendijk-banking-blog/2012/may/30/former-it-salesman-voices-of-finance";>cet
article</a>, il existe maintenant un problème analogue entre différents «Â
<a
href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">services se
substituant au logiciel</a> » (<abbr title="Service as a Software
Substitute">SaaSS</abbr>).</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -36,7 +44,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -56,7 +64,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -85,7 +93,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2014, 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2012, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -103,11 +111,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/06/01 06:29:21 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: censoring-emacs.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/censoring-emacs.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.64
retrieving revision 1.65
diff -u -b -r1.64 -r1.65
--- censoring-emacs.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.64
+++ censoring-emacs.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.65
@@ -1,19 +1,23 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/censoring-emacs.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural evils" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Je censure mes logiciels - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/censoring-emacs.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Je censure mes logiciels</h2>
-<p>
-par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a>
-<br />
-[De <em>Datamation</em>, 1er mars 1996]</p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p>
L'été dernier, quelques législateurs inspirés ont fait une proposition de
@@ -102,6 +106,12 @@
d'action politique. La censure a gagné en février, mais nous pouvons la
battre en novembre.</p>
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>Publié dans <cite>Datamation</cite> le 1er mars 1996.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
<div class="translators-notes">
<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
@@ -110,7 +120,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -130,7 +140,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -145,7 +155,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -159,13 +169,13 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1996, 2014 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1996, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -177,11 +187,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: computing-progress.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/computing-progress.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.58
retrieving revision 1.59
diff -u -b -r1.58 -r1.59
--- computing-progress.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.58
+++ computing-progress.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.59
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/computing-progress.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural society" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Le « progrès » informatique : du bon et du mauvais - Projet GNU -
Free
@@ -9,15 +12,23 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/computing-progress.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Le « progrès » informatique : du bon et du mauvais</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
+Stallman</strong></a></address>
+<div class="infobox" role="complementary">
<p><i>La <abbr title="British Broadcasting Corporation">BBC</abbr> m'a invité
Ã
écrire un article pour sa rubrique <cite>The Tech Lab</cite> et voici ce que
je leur ai envoyé (cela se réfère à deux autres articles publiés dans
cette
rubrique). Mais en fin de compte la BBC n'a pas souhaité le publier avec un
avis autorisant sa copie, je l'ai donc publié ici.</i></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>
Bradley Horowitz de Yahoo a proposé ici que chaque objet de notre monde ait
@@ -133,6 +144,8 @@
collecter toutes les copies de Windows, de MacOS et de iPlayer pour la même
raison et les envoyer vers Alpha Centauri à la vitesse la plus lente
possible. Ou simplement les effacer.</p>
+</div>
+
<div class="translators-notes">
<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
@@ -144,7 +157,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -164,7 +177,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -177,13 +190,13 @@
les infos nécessaires.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2007, 2014 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2007, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -195,11 +208,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: contradictory-support.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/contradictory-support.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- contradictory-support.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.8
+++ contradictory-support.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.9
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/contradictory-support.en.html"
-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding action" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Attention au « soutien » contredit par les faits - Projet GNU - Free
@@ -9,9 +12,14 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/contradictory-support.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
+
<h2>Attention au « soutien » contredit par les faits</h2>
-<p>par <strong>Richard Stallman</strong></p>
+<address class="byline">par Richard Stallman</address>
<p>Il y a des organisations qui proclament leur soutien au logiciel libre ou au
projet GNU, et enseignent à des classes l'utilisation de logiciels
@@ -54,6 +62,7 @@
<p>Si on vous demande de participer à ces cours, comme étudiant ou comme
professeur, cela vous donne l'occasion de <a
href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">dire non</a>, pour changer.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -63,7 +72,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -83,7 +92,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -112,7 +121,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2016, 2020 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2016, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -130,11 +139,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: copyright-versus-community-2000.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/copyright-versus-community-2000.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.56
retrieving revision 1.57
diff -u -b -r1.56 -r1.57
--- copyright-versus-community-2000.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000
1.56
+++ copyright-versus-community-2000.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000
1.57
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/copyright-versus-community-2000.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Copyright contre communauté à l'âge des réseaux informatiques -
Projet GNU -
@@ -9,12 +12,17 @@
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/copyright-versus-community-2000.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Copyright contre communauté à l'âge des réseaux informatiques
(2000)</h2>
-<blockquote><p>
+<div class="infobox"><p>
Transcription d'un enregistrement audio réalisé par Douglas Carnall en
juillet 2000.
-</p></blockquote>
+</p></div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p><em>M. Stallman arrive quelques minutes après l'heure prévue du début de
sa
conférence pour s'adresser à une assistance silencieuse et respectueuse. Il
@@ -1076,6 +1084,7 @@
<p>RMS reste debout en silence. Il y a une pause avant le déclenchement des
applaudissements. RMS se tourne pour applaudir le gnou bourré de tissu qu'il
a placé sur le rétroprojecteur au début de la conférence.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -1104,7 +1113,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -1124,7 +1133,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -1153,8 +1162,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2001, 2007, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -1172,7 +1180,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: copyright-versus-community.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/copyright-versus-community.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.87
retrieving revision 1.88
diff -u -b -r1.87 -r1.88
--- copyright-versus-community.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.87
+++ copyright-versus-community.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.88
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/copyright-versus-community.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Copyright contre communauté à l'âge des réseaux informatiques -
Projet GNU -
@@ -9,26 +12,27 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/copyright-versus-community.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Copyright contre communauté à l'âge des réseaux informatiques</h2>
<address class="byline">par Richard Stallman</address>
-<p><em>Discours d'ouverture de la <cite>LIANZA Conference</cite>, Centre des
+<div class="infobox">
+<p>Discours d'ouverture de la <cite>LIANZA Conference</cite>, Centre des
congrès de Christchurch, le 12 octobre 2009<br />
Il existe une <a
href="/philosophy/copyright-versus-community-2000.html">ancienne version</a>
-de cette conférence, donnée en 2000.</em></p>
-
-<blockquote class="announcement" style="margin-bottom: 2.5em"><p>
-<a href="http://defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Inscrivez-vous à notre
-liste de diffusion (en anglais) concernant les dangers des livres
-électroniques</a>.
-</p></blockquote>
+de cette conférence, donnée en 2000.</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
-<dl>
-<dt>BCÂ :</dt>
-<dd><p>Tena koutou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa. Aujourd'hui, j'ai le
privilège
-de présenter Richard Stallman, dont le discours d'ouverture est parrainé par
-l'Ãcole de gestion de l'information de l'université Victoria Ã
Wellington.</p>
+<div class="larger-font">
+<p><b>BCÂ :</b> Tena koutou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa. Aujourd'hui, j'ai
+le privilège de présenter Richard Stallman, dont le discours d'ouverture est
+parrainé par l'Ãcole de gestion de l'information de l'université Victoria Ã
+Wellington.</p>
<p>Richard travaille à la promotion de la liberté du logiciel depuis plus de
25 ans. En 1983, il a lancé le projet GNU dans le but de développer un
@@ -41,28 +45,35 @@
<p>Je me plais à le décrire comme la personne la plus influente dont la
plupart
des gens n'ont jamais entendu parler, bien qu'il me dise que cela ne peut
-pas être vrai car cela ne peut pas être testé.</p></dd>
+pas être vrai car cela ne peut pas être testé.</p>
-<dt>RMSÂ :</dt>
-<dd>On ne peut pas savoir.</dd>
+<p><b>RMSÂ :</b> On ne peut pas savoir.</p>
-<dt>BCÂ :</dt>
-<dd><p>Je l'ai dit â je le maintiens. Tim Berners-Lee a utilisé ses idées
sur la
-liberté du logiciel et sur le libre accès à l'information quand il a créé
le
-premier serveur web au monde, et Jimmy Wales s'est inspiré de ses réflexions
-de 1999 sur une encyclopédie libre en ligne pour fonder ce qui est
-maintenant Wikipédia.</p>
+<p><b>BC :</b> Je l'ai dit â je le maintiens. Tim Berners-Lee a utilisé
ses
+idées sur la liberté du logiciel et sur le libre accès à l'information
quand
+il a créé le premier serveur web au monde, et Jimmy Wales s'est inspiré de
+ses réflexions de 1999 sur une encyclopédie libre en ligne pour fonder ce
+qui est maintenant Wikipédia.</p>
<p>Aujourd'hui Richard va nous faire un exposé sur le sujet « copyright
contre
communauté à l'âge des réseaux informatiques et leurs implications pour les
-bibliothèques ». Richard.</p></dd>
+bibliothèques ». Richard.</p>
-<dt>RMSÂ :</dt>
-<dd><p>Je suis en Nouvelle-Zélande depuis quinze jours, et dans l'Ãle du
Nord il a
-plu presque tout le temps. Maintenant je sais pourquoi on appelle les bottes
-en caoutchouc <cite>wellingtons</cite>. Et puis j'ai vu quelqu'un qui
-fabriquait des chaises et des tables en bois de ponga, et il appelait ça
-<cite>fern-iture</cite>.<a id="TransNote2-rev"
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p>
+<a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Inscrivez-vous Ã
+notre liste de diffusion (en anglais) concernant les dangers des livres
+électroniques</a>.
+</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
+<p><b>RMS :</b> Je suis en Nouvelle-Zélande depuis quinze jours, et dans
l'Ãle
+du Nord il a plu presque tout le temps. Maintenant je sais pourquoi on
+appelle les bottes en caoutchouc <cite>wellingtons</cite>. Et puis j'ai vu
+quelqu'un qui fabriquait des chaises et des tables en bois de ponga, et il
+appelait ça <cite>fern-iture</cite>.<a id="TransNote2-rev"
href="#TransNote2"><sup>b</sup></a> Ensuite nous avons pris le ferry pour
venir ici, et dès notre débarquement les gens ont commencé à se moquer de
nous et à nous insulter ; mais ce n'était pas méchant, ils voulaient
@@ -989,24 +1000,23 @@
partage est bon, et ils doivent se débarrasser de la censure des logiciels
qui cassent les DRM. Méfiez-vous de l'ACTA ; ils sont en train de négocier
un traité entre différents pays, pour que tous ces pays attaquent leurs
-citoyens. Nous ne savons pas comment parce qu'ils ne nous le diront
pas.</p></dd>
-
-</dl>
+citoyens. Nous ne savons pas comment parce qu'ils ne nous le diront pas.</p>
<div class="column-limit"></div>
-<h3 style="font-size: 1.2em">Notes</h3>
+<h3 class="footnote">Notes</h3>
<ol>
<li id="footnote1"><a href="#footnote1-rev" class="nounderline">↑</a>Â
-En 2010, le système de chiffrement du flux vidéo a été définitivement
cassé.<br /><a
-href="http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2369280,00.asp";>http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2369280,00.asp</a></li>
+En 2010, le système de chiffrement du flux vidéo a été <a
+href="https://www.pcmag.com/archive/hdcp-master-key-confirmed-blu-ray-content-vulnerable-254650";>définitivement
+cassé</a>.</li>
<li id="footnote2"><a href="#footnote2-rev" class="nounderline">↑</a>Â
2015Â : j'avais inclus les articles scientifiques parce que je pensais que
publier des versions modifiées d'un article de quelqu'un d'autre serait
dommageable ; cependant, la publication d'articles de math ou de physique
sous la licence Creative Commons attribution sur <a
-href="//arxiv.org/">arXiv.org</a> ou dans de nombreuses revues libres ne
-semble pas poser problème. Ainsi j'ai conclu par la suite que les articles
-scientifiques devaient être libres.</li>
+href="https://arxiv.org/";>arXiv.org</a> ou dans de nombreuses revues libres
+ne semble pas poser problème. Ainsi j'ai conclu par la suite que les
+articles scientifiques devaient être libres.</li>
<li id="footnote3"><a href="#footnote3-rev" class="nounderline">↑</a>Â
La Nouvelle-Zélande a mis dans la loi un système de punition sans procès
pour les utilisateurs d'Internet accusés de copier ; puis devant les
@@ -1025,6 +1035,8 @@
Amazon a connaissance de chacun des livres qui sont lus sur l'appareil, d'où
qu'il provienne.</li>
</ol>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -1069,7 +1081,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -1089,7 +1101,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -1118,7 +1130,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2001, 2007, 2009, 2014-2016, 2018-2020 Free Software
+<p>Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2012, 2015, 2018, 2021 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
@@ -1137,7 +1149,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: correcting-france-mistake.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.36
retrieving revision 1.37
diff -u -b -r1.36 -r1.37
--- correcting-france-mistake.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.36
+++ correcting-france-mistake.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.37
@@ -1,23 +1,30 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural drm" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Erratum sur une loi française - Projet GNU - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/correcting-france-mistake.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Erratum sur une loi française</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p>Depuis plusieurs années, je disais lors de mes discours qu'en France
posséder un exemplaire de logiciel libre capable de déchiffrer la vidéo d'un
DVD était un délit passible de prison. Ce chiffrement est un exemple de
« gestion numérique des restrictions » (<abbr title="Digital Restrictions
Management">DRM</abbr>), fonctionnalité pernicieuse <a
-href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>faite pour contraindre les
+href="https://defectivebydesign.org/";>faite pour contraindre les
utilisateurs</a>.</p>
<p>C'est ce que disait la loi DADVSI de Sarkozy quand elle a été adoptée.
Mais
@@ -61,6 +68,7 @@
Hollywood de l'argent avec lequel il ferait pression pour des lois
scélérates du genre <abbr title="Stop Online Piracy Act">SOPA</abbr>.<a
id="TransNote3-rev" href="#TransNote3"><sup>3</sup></a> Pourquoi changer ?</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -78,7 +86,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -98,7 +106,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -113,7 +121,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -127,13 +135,13 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2012, 2014 Richard Stallman.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2012, 2021 Richard Stallman.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -146,11 +154,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: dat.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/dat.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.72
retrieving revision 1.73
diff -u -b -r1.72 -r1.73
--- dat.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.72
+++ dat.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000 1.73
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/dat.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural funding" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>La bonne façon de taxer les cassettes audio-numériques - Projet GNU -
Free
@@ -9,16 +12,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/dat.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
+
<h2>La bonne façon de taxer les cassettes audio-numériques</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="infobox" role="complementary">
<p><em>[Cet article ne concerne pas le logiciel, du moins pas directement. Il
concerne la question parallèle du partage de la musique.]</em></p>
-<p><em>[Cet article a été publié initialement dans le magazine
</em>Wired<em>
-en 1992 ; au lieu de modifier le texte, j'ai ajouté des notes, entre
-crochets et avec italiques ou autre mise en relief.]</em></p>
+<p><em>[Cet article a été publié initialement dans le magazine
+<cite>Wired</cite> en 1992 ; au lieu de modifier le texte, j'ai ajouté des
+notes, entre crochets et avec italiques ou autre mise en relief.]</em></p>
<p><em>[L'article original s'intéressait au problème (alors hypothétique) du
partage de la musique au moyen des enregistreurs audio numériques (qui
@@ -30,6 +39,8 @@
aide, et qui contient certaines de ces idées, est appelée mécénat global.
Je
soutiens les deux solutions ; c'est-à -dire que je suis pour adopter l'une ou
l'autre.] </em></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>Les magnats des maisons de disques n'aiment pas les appareils à cassettes
audio-numériques (<abbr title="Digital Audio Tape">DAT</abbr>), ces
@@ -345,17 +356,18 @@
nous devons tout d'abord prévenir l'adoption hâtive de leur projet. Pour
cela, vous pouvez écrire à  :</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>Congressman Barney Frank<br />
+<address>
+Congressman Barney Frank<br />
437 Cherry St<br />
-West Newton, MA 02165</p>
-<p>Senator Metzenbaum<br />
+West Newton, MA 02165</address>
+<address>
+Senator Metzenbaum<br />
United States Senate<br />
-Washington, DC 20510</p>
-<p>House Subcommittee on Intellectual Property<br />
+Washington, DC 20510</address>
+<address>
+House Subcommittee on Intellectual Property<br />
House of Representatives<br />
-Washington, DC 20515</p>
-</blockquote>
+Washington, DC 20515</address>
<p>Pressez le Congrès de rejeter la proposition des maisons de disques, pour
qu'il soit possible de la reconsidérer en même temps que d'autres
@@ -367,6 +379,7 @@
donnez-leur une copie de cet article. Beaucoup de musiciens préfèrent cette
alternative à la proposition de taxe des maisons de disques et ils sont
fortement motivés pour exprimer leurs préoccupations.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -378,7 +391,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -398,7 +411,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -411,7 +424,7 @@
les infos nécessaires.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 1992, 2010, 2014, 2020 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1992, 2009, 2010, 2021 Richard M. Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -429,11 +442,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.88
retrieving revision 1.89
diff -u -b -r1.88 -r1.89
--- digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr.html 4 Jul 2021 18:30:37 -0000
1.88
+++ digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:44 -0000
1.89
@@ -1,24 +1,29 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.90 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural society" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>L'inclusion dans le monde numérique est-elle une bonne chose ?
Comment faire
en sorte qu'elle le soit ? - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+ul span { color: brown; }
+-->
+</style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.translist"
-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>L'inclusion dans le monde numérique est-elle une bonne chose ? Comment
faire
en sorte qu'elle le soit ?</h2>
-<address class="byline">par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
-
-<p><em>Cet essai a été initialement publié dans les comptes-rendus de la
-conférence académique Kaleidoscope de l'<abbr title="International
-Telecommunication Union">ITU</abbr> qui s'est tenue en 2009 à Mar del Plata,
-Argentine</em></p>
-<hr class="thin" />
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<h3 id="intro">INTRODUCTION</h3>
@@ -196,17 +201,18 @@
<p>Un programme est libre s'il vous donne à vous, utilisateur, ces quatre
libertés essentielles<a id="tex2html29" href="#foot113"><sup>16</sup></a>Â
:</p>
-<ul>
-<li>0. la liberté de faire fonctionner le programme comme vous voulez ;</li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+<li><span>0.</span> la liberté de faire fonctionner le programme comme vous
+voulez ;</li>
-<li>1. la liberté d'étudier le code source et de le modifier pour faire
faire au
-programme ce que vous voulez ;</li>
+<li><span>1.</span> la liberté d'étudier le code source et de le modifier
pour
+faire faire au programme ce que vous voulez ;</li>
-<li>2. la liberté d'en redistribuer ou republier des copies exactes (c'est la
-liberté d'aider votre voisin) ;</li>
+<li><span>2.</span> la liberté d'en redistribuer ou republier des copies
exactes
+(c'est la liberté d'aider votre voisin) ;</li>
-<li>3. la liberté de distribuer ou publier des copies de ses versions
modifiées
-(c'est la liberté de participer à votre communauté).</li>
+<li><span>3.</span> la liberté de distribuer ou publier des copies de ses
+versions modifiées (c'est la liberté de participer à votre
communauté).</li>
</ul>
<p>Quand un logiciel est libre, les utilisateurs contrôlent ce qu'il fait. Un
@@ -248,7 +254,7 @@
pas, même approximativement, combien il y a de développeurs de logiciel
libre rémunérés ; il serait utile d'étudier la question. Alexandre
Zapolsky,
de « Paris capitale du libre » (<a
-href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140402120239/http://paris-libre.org/";>http://www.paris-libre.org</a>),
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140402120239/http://paris-libre.org/";>www.paris-libre.org</a>),
une manifestation commerciale des entreprises du logiciel libre, disait en
2007 qu'en France, les entreprises du logiciel libre donnaient du travail Ã
plus de 10Â 000Â personnes.</p>
@@ -343,11 +349,12 @@
de leurs activités numériques, les utilisateurs doivent éviter le SaaS,
aussi bien que le logiciel privateur.</p>
+<!-- 2021-08-22 http://pdf-express.org unreachable. Now at
+https://www.ieee.org/conferences/publishing/pdfexpress.html -->
<p>Pendant la préparation de cet article, on m'a invité à utiliser un site
de
l'<abbr title="Institute of Electrical and Electronics
-Engineers">IEEE</abbr> appelé <a
-href="http://pdf-express.org";>pdf-express.org</a> pour convertir mon fichier
-PDF en un fichier intégrant les polices de caractères requises par les
+Engineers">IEEE</abbr> appelé pdf-express.org pour convertir mon fichier PDF
+en un fichier intégrant les polices de caractères requises par les
compte-rendus de la conférence. Un examen de ce site m'a amené à la
conclusion que c'était un exemple de SaaS, et que par conséquent je ne
devais pas l'utiliser. Autre grief contre ce site : il requiert
@@ -577,10 +584,10 @@
<p>La chanteuse Jane Siberry propose sa musique en téléchargement sur son
propre site web (appelé <a id="tex2html71"
-href="http://janesiberry.com";>janesiberry.com</a> en 2010) en permettant aux
-gens de payer ce qu'ils veulent. On a rapporté que le prix moyen payé pour
-une chanson était supérieur au 0,99 $ demandé par les majors du disque.<a
-id="tex2html72" href="#foot132"><sup>36</sup></a></p>
+href="https://janesiberry.com";>janesiberry.com</a> en 2010) en permettant
+aux gens de payer ce qu'ils veulent. On a rapporté que le prix moyen payé
+pour une chanson était supérieur au 0,99 $ demandé par les majors du
+disque.<a id="tex2html72" href="#foot132"><sup>36</sup></a></p>
<p>Les bestsellers également peuvent continuer à bien s'en tirer sans qu'on
empêche le partage. Stephen King a gagné des centaines de milliers de
@@ -702,13 +709,13 @@
<p>Pour que ces changements législatifs se réalisent, nous avons besoin de
nous
organiser. L'<i>Electronic Frontier Foundation</i> (<a
-href="http://eff.org";>eff.org</a>) fait campagne contre la censure et la
-surveillance. <i>End Software Patents</i> (<a
-href="http://endsoftpatents.org";>endsoftpatents.org</a>)<a
+href="https://www.eff.org/";>eff.org</a>) fait campagne contre la censure et
+la surveillance. <i>End Software Patents</i> (<a
+href="https://endsoftpatents.org/";>endsoftpatents.org</a>)<a
href="#TransNote12" id="TransNote12-rev"><sup>l</sup></a> fait campagne
contre les brevets logiciels. La <i>Free Software Foundation</i> mène une
campagne anti-DRM via le site <a
-href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>).<a
+href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>).<a
href="#TransNote13" id="TransNote13-rev"><sup>m</sup></a></p>
<h4 id="personally">Défendre notre liberté personnelle</h4>
@@ -762,18 +769,19 @@
sans DRM. Cela veut également dire ne pas exposer les supposés
bénéficiaires
à la surveillance et à la censure, par l'intermédiaire des pratiques
informatiques auxquelles on les initie.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
-<h3 id="footnotes">Notes</h3>
+<h3 id="footnotes" class="footnote">Notes</h3>
-<dl>
+<dl class="compact" style="font-size:1rem">
<dt id="foot100">… cybercafé.<a href="#tex2html1"><sup>1</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/beijing-requires-photo-registration-at-all-internet-cafes-by";>http://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/beijing-requires-photo-registration-at-all-internet-cafes-by</a>.
+href="https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/beijing-requires-photo-registration-at-all-internet-cafes-by";>cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/beijing-requires-photo-registration-at-all-internet-cafes-by</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot101">… police<a href="#tex2html3"><sup>2</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/12/remotely_eavesd_1.html";>http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/12/remotely_eavesd_1.html</a>.
+href="https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/12/remotely_eavesd_1.html";>schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/12/remotely_eavesd_1.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot102">… autorisées<a href="#tex2html5"><sup>3</sup></a></dt>
@@ -782,22 +790,23 @@
-->
<!--</a>
-->
-Voir http://www.newarkspeaks.com/forum/showthread.php?t=5379.
+Voir newarkspeaks.com/forum/showthread.php?t=5379.
</dd>
<dt id="foot103">… opposition<a href="#tex2html7"><sup>4</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="https://www.aclu.org/fbi-jttf-spying";>http://www.aclu.org/fbi-jttf-spying</a>.
+href="https://www.aclu.org/fbi-jttf-spying";>aclu.org/fbi-jttf-spying</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot104">… « terrorisme ».<a
href="#tex2html9"><sup>5</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://democracynow.org/2008/9/4/eight_members_of_rnc_activist_group";>http://democracynow.org/2008/9/4/eight_members_of_rnc_activist_group</a>.
+href="https://www.democracynow.org/2008/9/4/eight_members_of_rnc_activist_group";>democracynow.org/2008/9/4/eight_members_of_rnc_activist_group</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot105">… « terroristes »<a
href="#tex2html11"><sup>6</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://web-old.archive.org/web/20160722044945/http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=7891929";>http://abcnews.go.com/international/story?id=7891929</a>.
+href="http://web-old.archive.org/web/20160722044945/http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=7891929";>
+abcnews.go.com/international/story?id=7891929</a> (archivé).
</dd>
<dt id="foot20">… identique.<a href="#tex2html13"><sup>7</sup></a></dt>
@@ -807,28 +816,28 @@
</dd>
<dt id="foot106">… politiques.<a
href="#tex2html14"><sup>8</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/whos_watching_you/8064333.stm";>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/whos_watching_you/8064333.stm</a>.
+href="https://www.bbc.com/news/2/hi/programmes/whos_watching_you/8064333.stm";>bbc.com/news/2/hi/programmes/whos_watching_you/8064333.stm</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot107">… anti-avortement.<a
href="#tex2html16"><sup>9</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190918142631/https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/302161/watchdog_threatens_online_rights_group_11k_fine";>http://www.computerworld.com.au/article/302161/watchdog_threatens_online_rights_group_11k_fine</a>
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190918142631/https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/302161/watchdog_threatens_online_rights_group_11k_fine";>computerworld.com.au/article/302161/watchdog_threatens_online_rights_group_11k_fine</a>
(archivé).
</dd>
<dt id="foot108">… australienne.<a
href="#tex2html18"><sup>10</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="https://www.smh.com.au/technology/banned-hyperlinks-could-cost-you-11-000-a-day-20090317-gdtf8j.html";>https://www.smh.com.au/technology/banned-hyperlinks-could-cost-you-11-000-a-day-20090317-gdtf8j.html</a>.
+href="https://www.smh.com.au/technology/banned-hyperlinks-could-cost-you-11-000-a-day-20090317-gdtf8j.html";>smh.com.au/technology/banned-hyperlinks-could-cost-you-11-000-a-day-20090317-gdtf8j.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot109">… d'Internet.<a
href="#tex2html20"><sup>11</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://netzpolitik.org/2009/the-dawning-of-internet-censorship-in-germany/";>http://netzpolitik.org/2009/the-dawning-of-internet-censorship-in-germany/</a>.
+href="https://netzpolitik.org/2009/the-dawning-of-internet-censorship-in-germany/";>netzpolitik.org/2009/the-dawning-of-internet-censorship-in-germany/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot110">… Internet.<a href="#tex2html22"><sup>12</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Govt-gearing-up-to-gag-news-websites/articleshow/4562292.cms";>http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Govt-gearing-up-to-gag-news-websites/articleshow/4562292.cms</a>.
+href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Govt-gearing-up-to-gag-news-websites/articleshow/4562292.cms";>timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Govt-gearing-up-to-gag-news-websites/articleshow/4562292.cms</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot28">… animales.<a href="#tex2html24"><sup>13</sup></a></dt>
@@ -839,93 +848,94 @@
</dd>
<dt id="foot111">… parents.<a href="#tex2html25"><sup>14</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24476581.html";>http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24476581.html</a>
-[en].
+href="https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24476581.html";>
+mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24476581.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot112">… monde.<a href="#tex2html27"><sup>15</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="https://www.networkworld.com/article/2255678/20-years-after-tiananmen--china-containing-dissent-online.html";>http://www.networkworld.com/article/2255678/lan-wan/20-years-after-tiananmen--china-containing-dissent-online.html</a>
+href="https://www.networkworld.com/article/2255678/20-years-after-tiananmen--china-containing-dissent-online.html";>
+networkworld.com/article/2255678/20-years-after-tiananmen--china-containing-dissent-online.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot113">… essentielles<a
href="#tex2html29"><sup>16</sup></a></dt>
-<dd>Voir <a
-href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">http://gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html</a>.
+<dd>Voir <a
href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot114">… divisés.<a href="#tex2html31"><sup>17</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir d'autres arguments dans <a
-href="/philosophy/why-free.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html</a>
-et <a
-href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/shouldbefree.html</a>.
+href="/philosophy/why-free.html">gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html</a> et <a
+href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">gnu.org/philosophy/shouldbefree.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot115">… utiles,<a href="#tex2html34"><sup>18</sup></a></dt>
-<dd>Voir <a href="http://directory.fsf.org";>http://directory.fsf.org</a>.
+<dd>Voir <a
+href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page";>directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot116">… d'utilisateurs<a
href="#tex2html36"><sup>19</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption";>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption</a>.
+href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption";>wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot117">… GNU/Linux.<a
href="#tex2html38"><sup>20</sup></a></dt>
-<dd>Voir <a
-href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>.
+<dd>Voir <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot118">… bénévole.<a
href="#tex2html40"><sup>21</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir dans <a
-href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/fs-motives.html</a>
+href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">gnu.org/philosophy/fs-motives.html</a>
quelques-unes de leurs motivations.
</dd>
<dt id="foot119">… l'utilisateur,<a
href="#tex2html43"><sup>22</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313214751/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/08/21/spotify_worse_than_the_nsa/";>https://web.archive.org/web/20160313214751/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/08/21/spotify_worse_than_the_nsa</a>.
+href="https://www.theregister.com/2015/08/21/spotify_worse_than_the_nsa";>
+theregister.com/2015/08/21/spotify_worse_than_the_nsa</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot120">… fichiers,<a href="#tex2html45"><sup>23</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir la <a
-href="http://www.framablog.org/index.php/post/2009/01/13/windows-vista-echec-microsoft";>traduction</a>
-de http://badvista.org.
+href="https://framablog.org/2009/01/13/windows-vista-echec-microsoft/";>traduction</a>
+de <a href="https://badvista.fsf.org/";>badvista.fsf.org</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot121">… quand.<a href="#tex2html47"><sup>24</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://www.informationweek.com/microsoft-updates-windows-without-user-permission-apologizes/d/d-id/1059183";>http://www.informationweek.com/microsoft-updates-windows-without-user-permission-apologizes/d/d-id/1059183</a>.
+href="https://www.informationweek.com/government/microsoft-updates-windows-without-user-permission-apologizes";>informationweek.com/government/microsoft-updates-windows-without-user-permission-apologizes</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot122">… siens.<a href="#tex2html49"><sup>25</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2009/05/microsoft_update_quietly_insta.html";>http://voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2009/05/microsoft_update_quietly_insta.html</a>.
+href="http://voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2009/05/microsoft_update_quietly_insta.html";>voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2009/05/microsoft_update_quietly_insta.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot123">… conforme.<a href="#tex2html51"><sup>26</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Le standard n'est disponible sous une forme lisible par machine qu'Ã la
« location » ; <a
-href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160423155515/http://www.smpte.org/sites/default/files/IndividualLicenseAgreementforSMPTE_EngineeringDocuments.pdf";>http://www.smpte.org/sites/default/files/IndividualLicenseAgreementforSMPTE_EngineeringDocuments.pdf</a>
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160423155515/http://www.smpte.org/sites/default/files/IndividualLicenseAgreementforSMPTE_EngineeringDocuments.pdf";>smpte.org/sites/default/files/IndividualLicenseAgreementforSMPTE_EngineeringDocuments.pdf</a>
</dd>
<dt id="foot124">… breveté.<a href="#tex2html53"><sup>27</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://web.archive.org/web/20120307122114/http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/176/n_06-08-17_pr.pdf";>http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/176/n_06-08-17_pr.pdf</a>
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120307122114/http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/176/n_06-08-17_pr.pdf";>
+mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/176/n_06-08-17_pr.pdf</a>
(archivé).
</dd>
<dt id="foot125">… millions.<a href="#tex2html56"><sup>28</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/06/jammie-thomas-retrial-verdict.ars";>http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/06/jammie-thomas-retrial-verdict.ars</a>.
+href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/06/jammie-thomas-retrial-verdict/";>arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/06/jammie-thomas-retrial-verdict/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot126">… constitutionnel.<a
href="#tex2html58"><sup>29</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="https://www.laquadrature.net/2009/01/26/le-parlement-europeen-frappe-par-un-ridicule-dogmatisme-du-copyright/";>https://www.laquadrature.net/2009/01/26/le-parlement-europeen-frappe-par-un-ridicule-dogmatisme-du-copyright/</a>.
+href="https://www.laquadrature.net/2009/01/26/le-parlement-europeen-frappe-par-un-ridicule-dogmatisme-du-copyright/";>laquadrature.net/2009/01/26/le-parlement-europeen-frappe-par-un-ridicule-dogmatisme-du-copyright/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot127">… figurait.<a href="#tex2html60"><sup>30</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2008/11/canadian-wish-list-for-secret-acta-treaty-long-varied.ars";>http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2008/11/canadian-wish-list-for-secret-acta-treaty-long-varied.ars</a>.
+href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2008/11/canadian-wish-list-for-secret-acta-treaty-long-varied/";>arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2008/11/canadian-wish-list-for-secret-acta-treaty-long-varied/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot128">… « piraterie »,<a
href="#tex2html62"><sup>31</sup></a></dt>
@@ -934,14 +944,13 @@
</dd>
<dt id="foot129">… intellectuelle »,<a
href="#tex2html64"><sup>32</sup></a></dt>
-<dd>Voir <a
-href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">http://gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.html</a>
+<dd>Voir <a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.html</a>
pour comprendre pourquoi cette propagande est nocive.
</dd>
<dt id="foot130">… adaptés.<a href="#tex2html66"><sup>33</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html";>http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html</a>
+href="https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html";>www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot66">… DRM.<a href="#tex2html68"><sup>34</sup></a></dt>
@@ -951,28 +960,28 @@
</dd>
<dt id="foot131">… 200.<a href="#tex2html69"><sup>35</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://www.boingboing.net/2009/01/23/monty-pythons-free-w.html";>http://www.boingboing.net/2009/01/23/monty-pythons-free-w.html</a>.
+href="https://boingboing.net/2009/01/23/monty-pythons-free-w.html";>boingboing.net/2009/01/23/monty-pythons-free-w.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot132">… disque.<a href="#tex2html72"><sup>36</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://www.37signals.com/svn/posts/419-jane-siberrys-you-decide-what-feels-right-pricing";>http://www.37signals.com/svn/posts/419-jane-siberrys-you-decide-what-feels-right-pricing</a>.
+href="https://signalvnoise.com/posts/419-jane-siberrys-you-decide-what-feels-right-pricing";>signalvnoise.com/posts/419-jane-siberrys-you-decide-what-feels-right-pricing</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot133">… jours.<a href="#tex2html74"><sup>37</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://www.boingboing.net/2008/03/05/nine-inch-nails-made.html";>http://www.boingboing.net/2008/03/05/nine-inch-nails-made.html</a>.
+href="https://boingboing.net/2008/03/05/nine-inch-nails-made.html";>boingboing.net/2008/03/05/nine-inch-nails-made.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot134">… soutien.<a href="#tex2html76"><sup>38</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir la <a
-href="http://versionfrancaise.blogspot.com/2008/08/1000-vrais-fans.html";>traduction</a>
-de http://www.kk.org/thetechnium/archives/2008/03/1000_true_fans.php.
+href="https://versionfrancaise.blogspot.com/2008/08/1000-vrais-fans.html";>traduction</a>
+de <a
+href="https://kk.org/thetechnium/1000-true-fans/";>kk.org/thetechnium/1000-true-fans/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot135">… revenu.<a href="#tex2html78"><sup>39</sup></a></dt>
-<dd>Voir dans <a
-href="/philosophy/dat.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/dat.html</a> ma
+<dd>Voir dans <a href="/philosophy/dat.html">gnu.org/philosophy/dat.html</a> ma
proposition de 1992.
</dd>
@@ -983,7 +992,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="foot136">… volontaires.<a
href="#tex2html81"><sup>41</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Voir <a
-href="http://stallman.org/mecenat/global-patronage.html";>http://stallman.org/mecenat/global-patronage.fr.html</a>.
+href="https://stallman.org/mecenat/global-patronage.html";>stallman.org/mecenat/global-patronage.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot137">… MP3<a href="#tex2html82"><sup>42</sup></a></dt>
@@ -992,6 +1001,14 @@
</dd>
</dl>
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>Cet essai a été initialement publié dans les comptes-rendus de la
conférence
+académique Kaleidoscope de l'<abbr title="International Telecommunication
+Union">ITU</abbr> qui s'est tenue en 2009 à Mar del Plata, Argentine</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
<div class="translators-notes">
<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
@@ -1044,7 +1061,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -1064,7 +1081,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -1093,7 +1110,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2009, 2014-2021 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2009, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -1111,7 +1128,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/07/04 18:30:37 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:44 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: dmarti-patent.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/dmarti-patent.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.52
retrieving revision 1.53
diff -u -b -r1.52 -r1.53
--- dmarti-patent.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.52
+++ dmarti-patent.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:45 -0000 1.53
@@ -1,21 +1,31 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/dmarti-patent.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.84 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="thirdparty" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Réformons les brevets maintenant - Projet GNU - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/dmarti-patent.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Réformons les brevets maintenant ! Contactez par courriel l'Office
américain
des brevets et des marques d'ici au 12 Avril 2001 !</h2>
-<p>par Don Marti <a href="mailto:dmarti@ssc.com";><dmarti@ssc.com></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par Don Marti <<a
href="mailto:dmarti@ssc.com";>dmarti@ssc.com</a>></address>
+<div class="infobox">
<p><em>[Cette page reste ici pour son intérêt historique, nous publierons les
résultats de cette campagne lorsque nous saurons qui a été nommé au
comité.]</em></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>
le 3 avril 2001
@@ -41,7 +51,7 @@
brevetabilité du travail d'autrui et des nouveaux développements triviaux
qui en découlent, mais aussi à l'égard de la brevetabilité des algorithmes
mathématiques et des méthodes économiques <i>[business methods]</i>. La «Â
<a
-href="http://stallman.org/biographies.html#serious";>biographie
+href="https://stallman.org/biographies.html#serious";>biographie
sérieuse</a> » disponible sur son site web peut faire office de CV [pour le
courrier à l'USPTO], car elle résume ses réalisations.
</p>
@@ -67,7 +77,7 @@
<p>Voici le communiqué original du Registre fédéral <i>[Federal
Register]</i>
(transcrit à partir du <a
-href="http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/sol/notices/pubadvcomnom.pdf";>fichier
+href="https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/sol/notices/pubadvcomnom.pdf";>fichier
PDF original</a> trouvé sur le site de l'USPTO).
</p>
@@ -77,7 +87,7 @@
dès aujourd'hui.
</p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>
<b>SECRÃTARIAT D'ÃTAT AU COMMERCE DES ÃTATS-UNIS</b>
@@ -248,6 +258,7 @@
<br />
CODE DE FACTURATION 351016U
</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -257,7 +268,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>
@@ -282,7 +293,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -315,8 +326,8 @@
Cet article est republié ici avec la permission de Don Marti.
</p>
<p>
-Copyright © 2001, 2014, Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc. Tous
-droits réservés.</p>
+Copyright © 2001, Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc. Tous droits
+réservés.</p>
<p>
Initialement publié sur le site du <cite>Linux Journal</cite> le 3 avril
2001. La reproduction exacte et la distribution intégrale de cet article
@@ -334,11 +345,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:45 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: drdobbs-letter.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.65
retrieving revision 1.66
diff -u -b -r1.65 -r1.66
--- drdobbs-letter.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.65
+++ drdobbs-letter.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:45 -0000 1.66
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays aboutfs free-open" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Lettre au rédacteur en chef du Dr. Dobb's Journal - Projet GNU - Free
@@ -9,7 +12,12 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/drdobbs-letter.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Lettre au rédacteur en chef du <cite>Dr. Dobb's Journal</cite></h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>
Monsieur,
@@ -82,9 +90,12 @@
<p>
Bien à vous,
</p>
-<p>
-     Richard Stallman<br/>     Président, Free Software Foundation
-</p>
+<address>
+—<br />
+Richard Stallman<br />
+Président<br />
+Free Software Foundation</address>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -94,7 +105,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -114,7 +125,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -129,7 +140,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -143,13 +154,13 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2000, 2007, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -161,11 +172,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:45 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.43
retrieving revision 1.44
diff -u -b -r1.43 -r1.44
--- ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000
1.43
+++ ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:45 -0000
1.44
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.84 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural access" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Les e-books doivent nous rendre plus libres, pas moins - Projet GNU -
Free
@@ -9,23 +12,13 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.translist"
-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Les e-books doivent nous rendre plus libres, pas moins</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
-
-<p><em>Cet essai a été initialement publié le 17 avril 2012 dans <cite>The
-Guardian</cite>, sous le titre « <a
-href="//www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/apr/17/sharing-ebooks-richard-stallman">Technology
-Should Help Us Share, Not Constrain Us</a> » (La technologie doit nous aider
-à partager, pas nous contraindre) avec quelques révisions imprévues. Cette
-version incorpore une partie de ces révisions tout en restaurant certaines
-parties du texte original.</em></p>
-
-<div class="announcement">
-<p>à lire également : <a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">Livres
électroniques :
-liberté ou copyright</a>.</p>
-</div>
-<hr />
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p>J'adore <cite>The Jehovah Contract</cite> (Le contrat de Jéhovah) et je
voudrais que tout le monde l'aime aussi. Je l'ai prêté au moins six fois au
@@ -48,7 +41,7 @@
généralement disponibles que sur Amazon, et comme Amazon oblige les
utilisateurs à s'identifier, Amazon sait précisément quels livres chaque
utilisateur a lus. Dans un pays comme le Royaume-Uni, où vous pouvez être <a
-href="http://www.stallman.org/archives/2012-mar-jun.html#07_April_2012_%28Wrong_book%29";>poursuivi
+href="https://www.stallman.org/archives/2012-mar-jun.html#07_April_2012_%28Wrong_book%29";>poursuivi
en justice pour possession de livre interdit</a>, c'est plus
qu'hypothétiquement orwellien.</p>
@@ -81,7 +74,7 @@
les retireraient, et ensuite fourniraient la version corrigée à tous les
autres. Les utilisateurs ne peuvent modifier un logiciel non libre, ce qui
en fait <a
-href="http://www.bostonreview.net/forum/protecting-internet-without-wrecking-it/root-problem-software-controlled-its-developer";>un
+href="https://www.bostonreview.net/forum/protecting-internet-without-wrecking-it/root-problem-software-controlled-its-developer";>un
instrument idéal pour exercer du pouvoir sur le public</a>.</p>
<p>N'importe lequel de ces empiétements sur notre liberté est une raison
@@ -89,6 +82,14 @@
les contournerions, mais celles des autres fournisseurs d'e-books sont plus
ou moins similaires.</p>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p><a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Inscrivez-vous Ã
+notre liste de diffusion (en anglais) concernant les dangers des livres
+électroniques</a>.</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
<p>Ce qui m'effraie le plus est la possibilité de perdre l'option d'acquérir
des livres imprimés. <cite>The Guardian</cite> a annoncé des « lectures
uniquement numériques » : en d'autres termes, des livres uniquement
@@ -143,11 +144,24 @@
impliquent que la liberté des lecteurs doive augmenter ou diminuer, nous
devons exiger qu'elle augmente.</p>
-<blockquote class="announcement"><p>
-<a href="http://defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Inscrivez-vous à notre
-liste de diffusion (en anglais) concernant les dangers des livres
-électroniques</a>.
-</p></blockquote>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p>à lire également : <a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">Livres
électroniques :
+liberté ou copyright</a>.</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>Cet essai a été initialement publié le 17 avril 2012 dans <cite>The
+Guardian</cite>, sous le titre « <a
+href="//www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/apr/17/sharing-ebooks-richard-stallman">Technology
+Should Help Us Share, Not Constrain Us</a> » (La technologie doit nous aider
+à partager, pas nous contraindre) avec quelques révisions imprévues. Cette
+version incorpore une partie de ces révisions tout en restaurant certaines
+parties du texte original.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -160,7 +174,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -180,7 +194,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -209,7 +223,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2012, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -227,11 +241,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:45 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: ebooks.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/ebooks.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.68
retrieving revision 1.69
diff -u -b -r1.68 -r1.69
--- ebooks.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:09 -0000 1.68
+++ ebooks.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:45 -0000 1.69
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/ebooks.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural access" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Livres électroniques : liberté ou copyright - Projet GNU - Free
Software
@@ -9,19 +12,13 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/ebooks.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Livres électroniques : liberté ou copyright</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
-
-<p><em>Ceci est une version légèrement modifiée d'un article publié dans
-<cite>Technology Review</cite> en 2000.</em></p>
-
-<div class="announcement">
-<p>à lire également : <a
-href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">Les e-books doivent
-nous rendre plus libres, pas moins</a>.</p>
-</div>
-<hr />
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p>Il était une fois, à l'âge de la presse à imprimer, une réglementation
industrielle qui fut établie pour protéger l'économie de l'écriture et de
la
@@ -40,6 +37,8 @@
lui imposer d'inconvénients trop lourds. Il remplissait bien son
rôle… à l'époque.</p>
+
+
<p>Puis un nouveau moyen de distribuer l'information apparut : les ordinateurs
et les réseaux. Les technologies numériques ont l'avantage de faciliter la
copie et la manipulation de l'information, que ce soit des logiciels, des
@@ -76,6 +75,14 @@
lecteur avec un livre électronique. Même le lire sans autorisation est une
infraction.</p>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p><a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Inscrivez-vous Ã
+notre liste de diffusion (en anglais) concernant les dangers des livres
+électroniques</a>.</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
<p>Nous avons toujours les libertés traditionnelles avec les livres sur
papier. Mais si les livres électroniques remplacent les livres imprimés,
cette exception ne sera que de peu de réconfort. Avec « l'encre
@@ -122,11 +129,19 @@
musique, tel qu'il s'applique à la distribution de copies intégrales non
modifiées, sera totalement obsolète. Et ce ne sera pas trop tôt !</p>
-<blockquote class="announcement">
-<p><a href="http://defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Inscrivez-vous à notre
-liste de diffusion (en anglais) concernant les dangers des livres
-électroniques</a>.</p>
-</blockquote>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p>à lire également : <a
+href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">Les e-books doivent
+nous rendre plus libres, pas moins</a>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>Ceci est une version légèrement modifiée d'un article publié dans
+<cite>Technology Review</cite> en 2000.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -142,7 +157,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -162,7 +177,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -175,7 +190,7 @@
les infos nécessaires.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2000, 2016 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -193,11 +208,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:09 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:45 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: google-engineering-talk.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/google-engineering-talk.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.55
retrieving revision 1.56
diff -u -b -r1.55 -r1.56
--- google-engineering-talk.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:10 -0000 1.55
+++ google-engineering-talk.fr.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:46 -0000 1.56
@@ -1,22 +1,33 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/google-engineering-talk.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>GNU et la Fondation pour le logiciel libre (Engineering Tech Talk de
Google)
- Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
-<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/google-engineering-talk.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.translist"
-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>GNU et la Fondation pour le logiciel libre</h2>
-<p><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></p>
-<p>(<i>Engineering Tech Talk</i> de Google, 11 juin 2004)</p>
+<address class="byline">par Richard Stallman</address>
-<div class="summary">
+<div class="infobox">
+<p><i>Engineering Tech Talk</i> de Google, 11 juin 2004</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="toc">
+<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table des matières</h3>
-<ul>
+<ul class="columns no-bullet">
<li><a href="#introduction" id="tm">1. Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#how-it-started">2. Comment cela a commencé</a></li>
<li><a href="#gnu-operating-system">3. Système d'exploitation GNU</a></li>
@@ -420,8 +431,7 @@
libertés qu'aucun utilisateur d'ordinateur ne devrait jamais se voir
refuser.</p>
-<p>[<a
-href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html</a>]</p>
+<p>[<a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html</a>]</p>
<h3 id="freedom-2-moral-dilemma"><a class="nounderline" href="#tm">7.</a>
Liberté 2, dilemme moral</h3>
@@ -983,8 +993,7 @@
système GNU/Linux, ou GNU+Linux ou GNU&Linux, avec la ponctuation qui,
pour vous, l'exprime le mieux.</p>
-<p>[<a
-href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>]</p>
+<p>[<a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>]</p>
<p>Si je vous fais cette demande, c'est naturellement en partie parce que nous
avons droit à être reconnus, mais cette raison n'est pas très importante. Si
@@ -1090,7 +1099,7 @@
liste de fonctions que nos logiciels libres ne possèdent pas, parce que nous
avons peur de les implémenter.</p>
-<p>[<a href="http://endsoftpatents.org";>http://endsoftpatents.org</a>]</p>
+<p>[<a href="http://endsoftpatents.org";>endsoftpatents.org</a>]</p>
<p>Et maintenant la <abbr title="Federal Communications
Commission">FCC</abbr><a href="#TransNote10"
@@ -1154,7 +1163,7 @@
ordinateur.</p>
<p>[<a
-href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/can-you-trust.html</a>]</p>
+href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">gnu.org/philosophy/can-you-trust.html</a>]</p>
<p>L'informatique déloyale peut servir à une variété de choses
différentes, des
choses comme vous interdire de faire tourner un programme qui n'a pas été
@@ -1210,7 +1219,7 @@
explique pourquoi l'enjeu est important.</p>
<p>[<a
-href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</a>]</p>
+href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html">gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</a>]</p>
<h3 id="help-gnu"><a class="nounderline" href="#tm">20.</a> Aider GNU</h3>
@@ -1409,7 +1418,7 @@
<p>[RMS, 2010 : Gmail est comparable à Hotmail de ce point de vue. Voir
également <a
-href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html</a>,
+href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">gnu.org/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html</a>,
qui expose un autre problème concernant certains services en ligne, mais pas
tous.]</p>
@@ -1809,12 +1818,13 @@
ou…</p>
<p>[Applaudissements]</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
-<h4>Note</h4>
-
+<h3 class="footnote">Note</h3>
<ol>
<li id="ft1">Tous les brevets sur le format MP3 auront expiré en 2018.</li>
</ol>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -1913,7 +1923,7 @@
les infos nécessaires.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2004, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2018 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2004, 2010, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -1931,7 +1941,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:10 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:46 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/amazon-nat.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/amazon-nat.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- po/amazon-nat.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:58:25 -0000 1.31
+++ po/amazon-nat.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:49 -0000 1.32
@@ -1,26 +1,37 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Amazon Letter from Nat
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/amazon-nat.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Amazon Letter from Nat</h2>
-<p>This is a letter from Nat Friedman regarding the Amazon Boycott.
+<div class="infobox">
+<p><i>This is a letter from Nat Friedman regarding the Amazon Boycott.
Please <a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">read more about this
boycott</a> and support us by making a link from your own home
-page!</p>
+page!</i></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
-<pre>
-Date: Thu, 23 Dec 1999 17:26:30 -0500 (EST)
-From: Nat Friedman <nat@nat.org>
-To: Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.org>
-Subject: Amazon Boycott Success!
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
-Content-Length: 658
+<p class="infobox">
+Date: Thu, 23 Dec 1999 17:26:30 -0500 (EST)<br />
+From: Nat Friedman <nat@nat.org><br />
+To: Richard Stallman <rms@gnu.org><br />
+Subject: Amazon Boycott Success!<br />
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii<br />
+Content-Length: 658</p>
+<p>
Hello Richard,
-
+</p><p>
It seems that your efforts to build resistance to Amazon's
ludicrous one-click patent are really paying off! My father is a
stock broker, and tonight he showed me a news item which came over his
@@ -29,19 +40,20 @@
distributed among the brokerage firms, and AMZN was down 7 points
today on the news (at least, there was no other readily-apparent
reason for the downturn).
-
+</p><p>
Perhaps now that Amazon is getting hit in the pocketbook, they'll
pay more attention.
-
+</p><p>
Congratulations! Keep it up.
-
-As always, best wishes,
+</p><p>
+As always, best wishes,<br />
Nat
-</pre>
+</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -59,19 +71,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -86,20 +98,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999, 2007, 2008, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1999, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:58:25 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/amazon-rms-tim.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/amazon-rms-tim.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- po/amazon-rms-tim.fr-en.html 4 Jul 2020 19:00:34 -0000 1.32
+++ po/amazon-rms-tim.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:51 -0000 1.33
@@ -1,55 +1,66 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
-<title>Amazon letter from RMS to Tim O'Reilly
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
+<title>Amazon Letter from RMS to Tim O'Reilly
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/amazon-rms-tim.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Letter from RMS to Tim O'Reilly</h2>
-<p>
-Here's a message that <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+<div class="infobox">
+<p><i>Here's a message that <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
M. Stallman</a> sent to Tim O'Reilly on March 11, 2000, in regard to
the statement by Jeff Bezos, <abbr title="Chief Executive Officer">CEO</abbr>
-of Amazon, which called for software patents to last just 3 or 5 years.</p>
+of Amazon, which called for software patents to last just 3 or 5 years.</i></p>
+</div>
+<div class="important">
<p>
Please <a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">read more</a> about this boycott.
</p>
<p>
Please also support us by making a link from your own home
-page and sites to
+page and sites to<br />
<a
href="/philosophy/amazon.html"><strong>http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/amazon.html</strong></a>!
</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
-<pre>
+<p>
The idea that software patents should last 3 or 5 years has been
proposed for a decade now, as a compromise that would eliminate most
of the harm that software patents now do. Support for this idea from
Jeff Bezos is a good thing, since it may bring us a step closer to
action by Congress. Congratulations for helping to bring this about.
-
+</p><p>
But such a law is far from imminent, and in the mean time, Amazon is
still responsible for its actions.
-
+</p><p>
We singled out Amazon for a boycott, among the thousands of companies
that have obtained software patents, because Amazon is among the few
that have gone so far as to actually sue someone. That makes them an
egregious offender. Most software patent holders say they have
-software patents "for defensive purposes", to press for
+software patents “for defensive purposes.” to press for
cross-licensing in case they are threatened with patent lawsuits.
Since this is a real strategy for self-defense, many of these patent
holders could mean what they say. But this excuse is not available
for Amazon, because they fired the first shot.
-
+</p><p>
Bezos's letter reaffirms Amazon's continuing intention to engage in
unrestricted patent warfare, saying that the decision of when and
-where to attack will be decided by "business reasons". I would gladly
+where to attack will be decided by “business reasons.” I would
gladly
join Bezos in supporting a bill to limit software patents to 3 or 5
years, but I believe we must continue to criticize and boycott Amazon
-until such a bill is actually adopted--or until Amazon makes some
+until such a bill is actually adopted—or until Amazon makes some
other suitable change in its own conduct to justify a change in ours.
-
+</p><p>
This does not mean insisting that Amazon must go so far as to
terminate its own patents. Deterrence with patents is an inadequate
defense against aggressors armed with patents, but it is the only
@@ -59,11 +70,12 @@
aggression, and adopt a no-first-use policy. If Amazon does this, in
an irrevocable and binding way, I would have no further criticism of
Amazon.
-</pre>
+</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -81,13 +93,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -108,7 +120,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999, 2007, 2008, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -118,10 +130,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/07/04 19:00:34 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/amazon.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/amazon.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.46
retrieving revision 1.47
diff -u -b -r1.46 -r1.47
--- po/amazon.fr-en.html 1 Jul 2020 16:32:17 -0000 1.46
+++ po/amazon.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:51 -0000 1.47
@@ -1,24 +1,31 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>(Formerly) Boycott Amazon! - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/amazon.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>(Formerly) Boycott Amazon!</h2>
-<div class="comment">
+<div class="infobox">
<p>
-The FSF decided to end its boycott of Amazon in September 2002. (We
+<i>The FSF decided to end its boycott of Amazon in September 2002. (We
forgot to edit this page at the time.) We could not tell the precise
result of the lawsuit against Barnes & Noble, but it did not seem to
be very harmful to the defendant. And Amazon had not attacked anyone
-else.</p>
+else.</i></p>
<p>
-Amazon has got a number of other menacing patents since then, but has
+<i>Amazon has got a number of other menacing patents since then, but has
not as yet used them for aggression. Perhaps it will not do so. If
-it does, we will take a look at how to denounce it.</p>
+it does, we will take a look at how to denounce it.</i></p>
<p>
-The rest of this page is as it was in 2001 while the boycott
-was active.</p>
+<i>The rest of this page is as it was in 2001 while the boycott
+was active.</i></p>
</div>
<hr class="thin" />
@@ -40,7 +47,7 @@
E-commerce: an idea sometimes known as one-click purchasing. The idea
is that your command in a web browser to buy a certain item can carry
along information about your identity. (It works by sending the
-server a “cookie”, a kind of ID code that your browser
+server a “cookie,” a kind of ID code that your browser
received previously from the same server.)</p>
<p>
Amazon has sued to block the use of this simple idea, showing that
@@ -173,14 +180,14 @@
<p>
Tim O'Reilly has sent Amazon an
-<a
href="http://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/oreilly/ask_tim/2000/amazon_patent.html";>open
+<a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131114095827/http://www.oreilly.com/pub/a/oreilly/ask_tim/2000/amazon_patent.html";>open
letter</a>
disapproving of the use of this patent,
stating the position about as forcefully as possible given an
unwillingness to stop doing business with them.</p>
<p>
-<a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard M. Stallman</a> has written a
+<a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard M. Stallman</a> has written a
<a href="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.html">letter to Tim O'Reilly</a>
in regard to the statement by Jeff Bezos, <abbr title="Chief
Executive Officer">CEO</abbr> of Amazon, which called for software
@@ -204,19 +211,20 @@
<p>
See <a
-href="http://endsoftpatents.org";>http://endsoftpatents.org</a> for
+href="https://endsoftpatents.org";>endsoftpatents.org</a> for
more information about the broader issue of
<a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150329143651/http://progfree.org/Patents/patents.html";>
software patents</a>.</p>
<p>
-<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20010430183216/http://www.cpsr.org/links/bookstore/";>
+<a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010430183216/http://www.cpsr.org/links/bookstore/";>
Computer Professionals for
Social Responsibility have dropped their affiliation with Amazon</a>.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -234,13 +242,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -261,8 +269,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2007, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2018, 2019, 2020
-Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -272,7 +279,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/07/01 16:32:17 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/assigning-copyright.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/assigning-copyright.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.34
retrieving revision 1.35
diff -u -b -r1.34 -r1.35
--- po/assigning-copyright.fr-en.html 14 Jul 2014 08:00:42 -0000 1.34
+++ po/assigning-copyright.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:51 -0000 1.35
@@ -1,22 +1,31 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing copyleft" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>When a Company Asks For Your Copyright
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<link rel="canonical"
- href="http://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/assigning-copyright"; />
+ href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/assigning-copyright"; />
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/assigning-copyright.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>When a Company Asks For Your Copyright</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>Companies that develop free software and release it under the GNU GPL
sometimes distribute some copies of the code in other ways. If they
distribute the exact same code under a different license to certain
users that pay for this, typically permitting including the code in
-proprietary programs, we call it “selling exceptions”. If they
+proprietary programs, we call it “selling exceptions.” If they
distribute some version of the code solely in a proprietary manner, we
call that releasing a purely proprietary version of the program.</p>
-<p><a
href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html</a>
explains why
+<p>“<a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">Selling exceptions
+to the GNU GPL</a>” explains why
selling exceptions is acceptable, though only barely. By contrast,
releasing a purely proprietary version is outright wrong, like
any other proprietary software.</p>
@@ -83,11 +92,11 @@
proprietary versions containing your code, you can insist on a
condition more or less like this:</p>
-<blockquote>
+<blockquote class="emph-box">
<p>Any program based on (as defined in GNU General Public License
version 3) Hacker's code that FOO distributes shall be made
- available by FOO under a) the “GNU General Public License (GPL),
- version 2 or later”, or b) the licensing in (a), above, but with
“2”
+ available by FOO under <b>(a)</b> the “GNU General Public License
(GPL),
+ version 2 or later,” or <b>(b)</b> the licensing in (a), above, but
with “2”
replaced by any higher existing GPL version number. Provided FOO
makes the program available as source code gratis to the public in
this way, it may also distribute the identical program to some of
@@ -100,11 +109,11 @@
might be released solely in a proprietary version, you can insist on a
condition more or less like this:</p>
-<blockquote>
+<blockquote class="emph-box">
<p>Any program based on (as defined in GNU General Public License
version 3) Hacker's code that FOO distributes shall be made
- available by FOO under a) the “GNU General Public License (GPL),
- version 2 or later”, or b) the licensing in (a), above, but with
“2”
+ available by FOO under <b>(a)</b> the “GNU General Public License
(GPL),
+ version 2 or later,” or <b>(b)</b> the licensing in (a), above, but
with “2”
replaced by any higher existing GPL version number. Provided FOO
makes the program available as source code gratis to the public in
this way, it may also distribute the same version of Hacker's code
@@ -112,10 +121,10 @@
</blockquote>
<p>If the program is released under the GNU Affero GPL, then add
“Affero”
-before “General”, change “GPL” to “AGPL”,
change “2 or” to “3 or”, and
+before “General,” change “GPL” to “AGPL,”
change “2 or” to “3 or,” and
it could make sense to replace “that FOO distributes” with
“that FOO
distributes, or deploys on a server accessible to users other than
-FOO”.</p>
+FOO.”</p>
<p>The FSF has had these texts reviewed by a lawyer, but you should get
your own legal advice before using them.</p>
@@ -125,10 +134,11 @@
software. Then you can respond to ensure your work will contribute to
the free software community and not be diverted into proprietary
software.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -146,30 +156,30 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2010, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/07/14 08:00:42 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/web/www/www/philosophy/po/bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr-en.html 31 Jan 2021 18:31:36
-0000 1.2
+++ po/bill-gates-and-other-communists.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52
-0000 1.3
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.78 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws patents" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Bill Gates and Other Communists
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/bill-gates-and-other-communists.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Bill Gates and Other Communists</h2>
-<p>by Richard Stallman</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-<p>Originally published in 2005 in
-<a href="https://www.cnet.com/news/bill-gates-and-other-communists/";>CNET
-News.com</a>.</p>
-</blockquote>
+<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address>
<p>Bill Gates discussed patents with CNET under the heading of
“<a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">intellectual
@@ -89,11 +90,11 @@
Here's what Bill Gates told Microsoft employees in 1991:</p>
<blockquote>
-<p>“If people had understood how patents would be granted when
+<p>If people had understood how patents would be granted when
most of today's ideas were invented and had taken out patents, the
industry would be at a complete stand-still today...A future start-up
with no patents of its own will be forced to pay whatever price the
-giants choose to impose.”</p>
+giants choose to impose.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Mr. Gates' secret is out now—he too was a
@@ -110,9 +111,17 @@
support from right-wing MEPs—and with your help we will do it
again.</p>
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>Originally published in 2005 in
+<a href="https://www.cnet.com/news/bill-gates-and-other-communists/";>CNET
+News.com</a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -130,13 +139,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -157,7 +166,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2005, 2015, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2005, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -167,10 +176,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/01/31 18:31:36 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/boldrin-levine.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/boldrin-levine.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- po/boldrin-levine.fr-en.html 15 Dec 2018 14:46:34 -0000 1.37
+++ po/boldrin-levine.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.38
@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws noip" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Review: Boldrin and Levine, “The case against
intellectual property” - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/boldrin-levine.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Review: Boldrin and Levine, “The case against intellectual
property”</h2>
-<p>
-by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>
<a
href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Michele_Boldrin/publication/4980956_The_Case_Against_Intellectual_Property/links/53f9c5c90cf20a45496a9040/The-Case-Against-Intellectual-Property.pdf?origin=publication_detail";>
@@ -17,19 +24,19 @@
<p>
You've probably heard the superficial argument that “If the
-program is free, you will only sell one copy”. The obvious
+program is free, you will only sell one copy.” The obvious
response is that today there are companies that sell thousands of
copies a month. But this paper provides another response: it shows
why people who are fully aware of the economic consequences of the
freedom to copy would pay a high price for “the first
-copy”.</p>
+copy.”</p>
<p>
<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">The
term “intellectual property” is biased and spreads
confusion.</a> The bias is easy to see—by calling copyright and
-patents and trademarks “property”, it leads people to
-think that criticizing them is “opposing property rights”.
+patents and trademarks “property,” it leads people to
+think that criticizing them is “opposing property rights.”
The confusion is less evident: by lumping copyright and patents and
trademarks together, it leads people to treat them as one thing, to
ignore their large differences and consider them as a single issue in
@@ -51,7 +58,7 @@
<p>
I believe we should continue to reject the term “intellectual
-property”. We need to call attention to the non-economic
+property.” We need to call attention to the non-economic
aspects of copyrights and the different non-economic aspects of
patents. However, Boldrin and Levine's arguments will be useful for
responding to people who insist on narrowing their values to
@@ -60,10 +67,11 @@
<p>
The paper is addressed to economists and somewhat mathematical.
Popularization of its ideas would be useful.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -81,13 +89,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -108,7 +116,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2003, 2014, 2015, 2018 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2003, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -118,7 +126,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2018/12/15 14:46:34 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/web/www/www/philosophy/po/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.23
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -b -r1.23 -r1.24
--- po/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr-en.html 16 Oct 2015 15:59:45
-0000 1.23
+++ po/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52
-0000 1.24
@@ -1,12 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural ns" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Bug Nobody is Allowed to Understand
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>The Bug Nobody is Allowed to Understand</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>In the 1980s, proprietary software users discovered the problem of
<em>the bug that nobody is allowed to understand</em>. When a problem
@@ -17,14 +25,15 @@
fixed except by accident.</p>
<p>According to <a
-href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/joris-luyendijk-banking-blog/2012/may/30/former-it-salesman-voices-of-finance";>
+href="https://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/joris-luyendijk-banking-blog/2012/may/30/former-it-salesman-voices-of-finance";>
this article</a>, a similar problem now occurs between
multiple instances of
<a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">Service as a
Software Substitute</a>.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -42,13 +51,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -69,7 +78,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2014, 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2012, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -79,10 +88,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2015/10/16 15:59:45 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/censoring-emacs.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/censoring-emacs.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.34
diff -u -b -r1.33 -r1.34
--- po/censoring-emacs.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:58:30 -0000 1.33
+++ po/censoring-emacs.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.34
@@ -1,15 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural evils" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Censoring My Software
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/censoring-emacs.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Censoring My Software</h2>
-<p>
-by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a>
-<br />
-[From Datamation, March 1 1996]</p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>
Last summer, a few clever legislators proposed a bill to
@@ -97,9 +102,15 @@
and political action recommendations. Censorship won in February, but
we can beat it in November.</p>
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>From <cite>Datamation</cite>, March 1 1996</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -117,19 +128,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -144,20 +155,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1996, 2014 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1996, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:58:30 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/computing-progress.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/computing-progress.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- po/computing-progress.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:58:31 -0000 1.37
+++ po/computing-progress.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.38
@@ -1,20 +1,30 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural society" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Computing ‘Progress’: Good and Bad
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/computing-progress.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<h2>Computing ‘progress’: good and bad</h2>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
+<h2>Computing ‘Progress’: Good and Bad</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
-Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="infobox" role="complementary">
<p><i>
The BBC invited me to write an article for their column series, The
Tech Lab, and this is what I sent them. (It refers to a couple of
other articles published in that series.) The BBC was ultimately unwilling
to publish it with a copying-permission notice, so I have published it
here.</i></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>
Bradley Horowitz of Yahoo proposed here that every object in our world
@@ -36,7 +46,7 @@
reports you bought a wooden stick and a piece of poster board, the
phone company's system will deduce that you may be planning a protest,
and report you automatically to the police so they can accuse you of
-“terrorism”.</p>
+“terrorism.”</p>
<p>
In the UK, it is literally an offense to be suspect—more precisely,
@@ -123,9 +133,11 @@
copies of Windows, and of MacOS and iPlayer for the same reason, and send
them to Alpha Centauri at the slowest possible speed. Or just erase
them.</p>
+</div>
+
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -143,29 +155,29 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2007, 2014 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2007, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:58:31 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/contradictory-support.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/contradictory-support.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/contradictory-support.fr-en.html 19 Dec 2020 19:59:56 -0000 1.5
+++ po/contradictory-support.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.6
@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding action" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Beware of Contradictory “Support”
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/contradictory-support.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Beware of Contradictory “Support”</h2>
-<p>by <strong>Richard Stallman</strong></p>
+<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address>
<p>There are organizations that proclaim support for free software or
the GNU Project, and teach classes in use of nonfree software.</p>
@@ -50,10 +57,11 @@
teacher, that gives you an opportunity
to <a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html"> say no</a> for a
change.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -71,13 +79,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -98,7 +106,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2016, 2020 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2016, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -108,10 +116,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/12/19 19:59:56 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/contradictory-support.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/contradictory-support.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.19
retrieving revision 1.20
diff -u -b -r1.19 -r1.20
--- po/contradictory-support.fr.po 3 Sep 2021 07:39:44 -0000 1.19
+++ po/contradictory-support.fr.po 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.20
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-09-02 10:56+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
Index: po/copyright-versus-community-2000.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/web/www/www/philosophy/po/copyright-versus-community-2000.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- po/copyright-versus-community-2000.fr-en.html 17 Aug 2019 16:59:46
-0000 1.39
+++ po/copyright-versus-community-2000.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52
-0000 1.40
@@ -1,15 +1,23 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Copyright versus Community in the Age of Computer Networks -
GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/copyright-versus-community-2000.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Copyright versus Community in the Age of Computer Networks (2000)</h2>
-<blockquote><p>
+<div class="infobox"><p>
This is a transcription from an audio recording, prepared by Douglas
Carnall, July 2000.
-</p></blockquote>
+</p></div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p><em> Mr Stallman arrives a few minutes after the appointed hour of
commencement of his talk to address a hushed and respectful audience.
@@ -300,7 +308,7 @@
with a copyright and there are various situations in which you might
do them, and each of those is an independent question. Should
copyright cover this or not? In addition, there is a question of
-“How long?”.
+“How long?”
<span class="gnun-split"></span>Copyright used to be much shorter in its
period or duration, and it's been extended over and over again in the
past fifty years or so and in fact in now appears that the owners of
@@ -1062,10 +1070,11 @@
<p>RMS stands in silence. There is a pause before the outbreak of
applause. RMS turns to applaud the stuffed fabric gnu he placed on
the overhead projector at the beginning of the talk.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -1083,13 +1092,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -1110,7 +1119,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2001, 2007, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -1120,7 +1129,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2019/08/17 16:59:46 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/copyright-versus-community.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/copyright-versus-community.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.56
retrieving revision 1.57
diff -u -b -r1.56 -r1.57
--- po/copyright-versus-community.fr-en.html 6 Oct 2020 17:31:00 -0000
1.56
+++ po/copyright-versus-community.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000
1.57
@@ -1,25 +1,30 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Copyright versus Community in the Age of Computer Networks
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/copyright-versus-community.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Copyright versus Community in the Age of Computer Networks</h2>
<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address>
-<p><em>Keynote speech at LIANZA conference, Christchurch Convention Centre, 12
+<div class="infobox">
+<p>Keynote speech at LIANZA conference, Christchurch Convention Centre, 12
October 2009.<br />
There is an <a href="/philosophy/copyright-versus-community-2000.html">older
-version</a> of this talk, from 2000.</em></p>
-
-<blockquote class="announcement" style="margin-bottom: 2.5em"><p>
-<a href="http://defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Join our mailing list
-about the dangers of e-books</a>.
-</p></blockquote>
+version</a> of this talk, from 2000.</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
-<dl>
-<dt>BC:</dt>
-<dd><p>Tena koutou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa. Today I have the
+<div class="larger-font">
+<p><b>BC: </b>
+Tena koutou, tena koutou, tena koutou katoa. Today I have the
privilege of introducing Richard Stallman, whose keynote speech is
being sponsored by the School of Information Management at Victoria
University of Wellington.</p>
@@ -33,13 +38,13 @@
<p>I like to describe him as the most influential person most people
have never heard of, although he tells me that that cannot possibly be
-true because it cannot be tested.</p></dd>
+true because it cannot be tested.</p>
-<dt>RMS:</dt>
-<dd>We can't tell.</dd>
+<p><b>RMS: </b>
+We can't tell.</p>
-<dt>BC:</dt>
-<dd><p>I said that—I still like it. His ideas about software
+<p><b>BC: </b>
+I said that—I still like it. His ideas about software
freedom and free access to information were used by Tim Berners-Lee
when he created the world's first web server, and in 1999 his musings
about a free online encyclopedia inspired Jimmy Wales to set up what
@@ -47,12 +52,21 @@
<p>Today Richard will be talking to us about copyright vs community in
the age of computer networks, and their implications for libraries.
-Richard.</p></dd>
+Richard.</p>
+
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p>
+<a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Join our mailing list
+about the dangers of e-books</a>.
+</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
-<dt>RMS:</dt>
-<dd><p>I've been in New Zealand for a couple of weeks, and in the
+<p><b>RMS: </b>
+I've been in New Zealand for a couple of weeks, and in the
North Island it was raining most of the time. Now I know why they
-call gumboots “Wellingtons”. And then I saw somebody who
+call gumboots “Wellingtons.” And then I saw somebody who
was making chairs and tables out of ponga wood, and he called it
fern-iture. Then we took the ferry to get here, and as soon as we got
off, people started mocking and insulting us; but there were no hard
@@ -65,7 +79,7 @@
I'd better tell you briefly what free software means.</p>
<p>Free software is a matter of freedom, not price, so think of
-“free speech”, not “free beer”. Free software
+“free speech,” not “free beer.” Free software
is software that respects the user's freedom, and there are four
specific freedoms that the user deserves always to have.</p>
@@ -221,7 +235,7 @@
<p>It was easy to enforce, because it only had to be enforced against
publishers. And it's easy to find the unauthorized publishers of a
book—you go to a bookstore and say “where do these copies
-come from?”. You don't have to invade everybody's home and
+come from?” You don't have to invade everybody's home and
everybody's computer to do that.</p>
<p>It was uncontroversial because, as the readers were not restricted,
@@ -280,7 +294,7 @@
<p>It's no longer uncontroversial. There are political parties in
several countries whose basic platform is “freedom to
-share”.</p>
+share.”</p>
<p>It's no longer beneficial because the freedoms that we conceptually
traded away (because we couldn't exercise them), we now can exercise.
@@ -335,7 +349,7 @@
<p>The movie companies say they want perpetual copyright, but the US
Constitution won't let them get that officially. So they came up with
a way to get the same result unofficially: “perpetual copyright
-on the installment plan”. Every 20 years they extend copyright
+on the installment plan.” Every 20 years they extend copyright
for 20 more years. So that at any given time, any given work has a
date when it will supposedly fall into the public domain. But that
date is like tomorrow, it never comes. By the time you get there they
@@ -370,7 +384,7 @@
<p>It worked for a while, but then some people figured out the secret
format, and published free software capable of reading the movie on a
DVD and playing it. Then the publishers said “since we can't
-actually stop them, we have to make it a crime”. And they
+actually stop them, we have to make it a crime.” And they
started that in the US in 1998 with the Digital Millennium Copyright
Act, which imposed censorship on software capable of doing such
jobs.</p>
@@ -389,7 +403,7 @@
outputs. So all video outputs will have to be digital, and they will
carry the signal encrypted into a monitor specially designed to keep
secrets from the user. That is malicious hardware. They say that the
-purpose of this is to “close the analog hole”. I'll show
+purpose of this is to “close the analog hole.” I'll show
you a couple of analog holes (Stallman takes off his glasses): here's
one and here's another, that they'd like to poke out permanently.<a
href="#footnote1">[1]</a></p>
@@ -539,7 +553,7 @@
ebooks really popular if they started it with my biography. So they
found an author and the author asked me if I'd cooperate, and I said
“Only if this e-book is published without encryption, without
-DRM”. The publisher wouldn't go along with that, and I just
+DRM.” The publisher wouldn't go along with that, and I just
stuck to it—I said no. Eventually we found another publisher
who was willing to do this—in fact willing to publish the book
under a free license giving you the four freedoms—so the book
@@ -547,7 +561,7 @@
<p>But in any case, e-books failed at the beginning of this decade.
People just didn't want to read them very much. And I said,
-“they will try again”. We saw an amazing number of news
+“they will try again.” We saw an amazing number of news
articles about electronic ink (or is it electronic paper, I can never
remember which), and it occurred to me probably the reason there's so
many is the publishers want us to think about this. They want us to
@@ -705,14 +719,14 @@
And you'll notice that for recipes, practically speaking, cooks are
always sharing and changing recipes just as if the recipes were free.
Imagine how people would react if the government tried to stamp out
-so-called “recipe piracy”.</p>
+so-called “recipe piracy.”</p>
<p>The term “pirate” is pure propaganda. When people ask
me what I think of music piracy, I say “As far as I know, when
pirates attack they don't do it by playing instruments badly, they do
-it with arms. So it's not music “piracy”, because piracy
+it with arms. So it's not music “piracy,” because piracy
is attacking ships, and sharing is as far as you get from being the
-moral equivalent of attacking ships”. Attacking ships is bad,
+moral equivalent of attacking ships.” Attacking ships is bad,
sharing with other people is good, so we should firmly denounce that
propaganda term “piracy” whenever we hear it.</p>
@@ -882,7 +896,7 @@
<p>An idea just came to me. The player could also give you a
certificate of having supported so-and-so, and it could even count up
how many times you had done it and give you a certificate that says
-“I sent so much to these artists”. There are various ways
+“I sent so much to these artists.” There are various ways
we could encourage people who want to do it.</p>
<p>For instance, we could have a PR campaign which is friendly and
@@ -920,17 +934,17 @@
enact.</p>
<p>Be careful of proposals to “compensate the rights
-holders”, because when they say “compensate”,
+holders,” because when they say “compensate,”
they're trying to presume that if you have appreciated a work, you now
have a specific debt to somebody, and that you have to
“compensate” that somebody. When they say “rights
-holders”, it's supposed to make you think it's supporting
+holders,” it's supposed to make you think it's supporting
artists while in fact it's going to the publishers—the same
publishers who basically exploit all the artists (except the few that
you've all heard of, who are so popular that they have clout).</p>
<p>We don't owe a debt; we have nobody that we have to
-“compensate”. [But] supporting the arts is still a useful
+“compensate.” [But] supporting the arts is still a useful
thing to do. That was the motivation for copyright back when
copyright fit in with the technology of the day. Today copyright is a
bad way to do it, but it's still good to do it other ways that respect
@@ -941,28 +955,27 @@
good, and they've got to get rid of the censorship for the software to break
DRM. Beware of ACTA—they're trying to negotiate a treaty between various
countries, for all of these countries to attack their citizens, and we don't
-know how because they won't tell us.</p></dd>
-
-</dl>
+know how because they won't tell us.</p>
<div class="column-limit"></div>
-<h3 style="font-size: 1.2em">Footnotes</h3>
+<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3>
<ol>
<li id="footnote1">In 2010, the encryption system for digital video output was
-definitively cracked.<br /><a
href="http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2369280,00.asp";>http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2369280,00.asp</a></li>
+<a
href="https://www.pcmag.com/archive/hdcp-master-key-confirmed-blu-ray-content-vulnerable-254650";>
+definitively cracked</a>.</li>
<li id="footnote2">2015: I included scientific papers because I
thought that publishing modified versions of someone else's paper
would cause harm; however, publishing physics and math papers under
the Creative Commons Attribution License
-on <a href="//arxiv.org/">arXiv.org</a> and many libre journals seems to
+on <a href="https://arxiv.org/";>arXiv.org</a> and many libre journals seems to
have no problems. Thus, I subsequently concluded that scientific
papers ought to be free.</li>
<li id="footnote3">New Zealand had enacted a system of punishment
without trial for Internet users accused of copying; then, facing
popular protest, the government did not implement it, and announced a
plan to implement a modified unjust punishment system. The point here
-was that they should not proceed to implement a replacement —
-rather, they should have no such system. However, the words I used
+was that they should not proceed to implement a replacement—rather,
+they should have no such system. However, the words I used
don't say this clearly.
<br />
The New Zealand government subsequently implemented the punishment
@@ -973,10 +986,12 @@
every book that you read on the device, regardless of where you got
the book.</li>
</ol>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -994,13 +1009,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -1021,7 +1036,8 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2001, 2007, 2009, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free
Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2012, 2015, 2018, 2021 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -1031,7 +1047,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/06 17:31:00 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/correcting-france-mistake.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/correcting-france-mistake.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- po/correcting-france-mistake.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:58:31 -0000
1.25
+++ po/correcting-france-mistake.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000
1.26
@@ -1,18 +1,25 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural drm" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Correcting My Mistake about French Law - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/correcting-france-mistake.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Correcting My Mistake about French Law</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
-Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>For several years I've said in my speeches that it was a crime in
France, punishable by imprisonment, to have a copy of the free
software that can decrypt the video on a DVD. That encryption is an
example of DRM (Digital Restrictions Management), the malicious
-features <a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>designed to restrict
+features <a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/";>designed to restrict
users</a>.</p>
<p>That is what Sarkozy's DADVSI law said when it was adopted, but I
@@ -49,10 +56,11 @@
<p>However, I think I won't do it. I have got used to avoiding encrypted
DVDs, and this has the bonus of giving Hollywood no money with which to
lobby for nasty laws like SOPA. Why change?</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -70,19 +78,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -97,20 +105,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2012, 2014 Richard M. Stallman.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2012, 2021 Richard Stallman.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:58:31 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/dat.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/dat.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.35
retrieving revision 1.36
diff -u -b -r1.35 -r1.36
--- po/dat.fr-en.html 1 Jul 2020 16:32:18 -0000 1.35
+++ po/dat.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.36
@@ -1,20 +1,28 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural funding" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Right Way to Tax DAT - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/dat.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>The Right Way to Tax DAT</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
-Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="infobox" role="complementary">
<p><em>[This article does not concern software, not directly. It
concerns a parallel issue about sharing copies of music.]</em></p>
-<p><em>[The article was first published in Wired magazine in 1992; the
+<p><em>[The article was first published in <cite>Wired</cite> magazine in
1992; the
text has not been changed; instead, I have added notes, in square
brackets and with italics or other emphasis.]</em></p>
@@ -29,6 +37,8 @@
the Global Patronage
system (in French, Mécénat Global). I support both
solutions; that is to say, I favor adopting either one.]</em></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>Record company magnates don't like the digital audio tape recorder
(<abbr title="Digital Audio Tape">DAT</abbr>), which can make
@@ -84,7 +94,7 @@
view rejected by the American legal system.</p>
<p>The stated purpose of copyright, given in the U.S. Constitution, is
-to “promote the progress of science and the useful arts”.
+to “promote the progress of science and the useful arts.”
Progress in music means new and varied music for the public to enjoy:
copyright is supposed to promote a public good, not a private one.</p>
@@ -337,17 +347,18 @@
we must first prevent the hasty adoption of the record company plan.
To help accomplish this, please write letters to:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>Congressman Barney Frank<br />
+<address>
+Congressman Barney Frank<br />
437 Cherry St<br />
-West Newton, MA 02165</p>
-<p>Senator Metzenbaum<br />
+West Newton, MA 02165</address>
+<address>
+Senator Metzenbaum<br />
United States Senate<br />
-Washington, DC 20510</p>
-<p>House Subcommittee on Intellectual Property<br />
+Washington, DC 20510</address>
+<address>
+House Subcommittee on Intellectual Property<br />
House of Representatives<br />
-Washington, DC 20515</p>
-</blockquote>
+Washington, DC 20515</address>
<p>Urge Congress to reject the record company bill so that this and
other alternatives can be properly considered. It takes just a few
@@ -358,11 +369,12 @@
copies of this article. Many musicians prefer this alternative to the
record company tax plan, and they are strongly motivated to act on
their concern.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -380,17 +392,17 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 1992, 2010, 2014, 2020 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1992, 2009, 2010, 2021 Richard M. Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -400,10 +412,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/07/01 16:32:18 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.70
retrieving revision 1.71
diff -u -b -r1.70 -r1.71
--- po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr-en.html 31 Jan 2021 18:31:37 -0000
1.70
+++ po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000
1.71
@@ -1,17 +1,23 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.90 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural society" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Is Digital Inclusion a Good Thing? How Can We Make Sure It Is?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+ul span { color: brown; }
+--></style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.translist"
-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Is Digital Inclusion a Good Thing? How Can We Make Sure It Is?</h2>
<address class="byline">by
-<a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></address>
-
-<p><em>This essay was first published in the proceedings of the ITU's 2009
-Kaleidoscope conference in Mar del Plata, Argentina.</em></p>
-<hr class="thin" />
+<a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></address>
<h3 id="intro">INTRODUCTION</h3>
@@ -180,21 +186,21 @@
<p>A program is free/libre if it gives the user these four essential
freedoms:<a id="tex2html29" href="#foot113"><sup>16</sup></a></p>
-<ul>
-<li>0. Freedom to run the program as you wish.</li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+<li><span>0.</span> Freedom to run the program as you wish.</li>
-<li>1. Freedom to study the source code, and change it to make the
+<li><span>1.</span> Freedom to study the source code, and change it to make the
program do what you wish.</li>
-<li>2. Freedom to redistribute and/or republish exact copies. (This
+<li><span>2.</span> Freedom to redistribute and/or republish exact copies.
(This
is the freedom to help your neighbor.)</li>
-<li>3. Freedom to distribute and/or publish copies of your modified
+<li><span>3.</span> Freedom to distribute and/or publish copies of your
modified
versions. (This is the freedom to contribute to your community.)</li>
</ul>
<p>When software is free/libre, the users control what it does. A
-non-free or <em>proprietary</em> program is under the control of its
+nonfree or <em>proprietary</em> program is under the control of its
developer, and functions as an instrument to give the developer
control over the users. It may be convenient, or it may not, but
in either case it imposes on its users a social system that keeps them
@@ -225,7 +231,7 @@
millions of users<a id="tex2html36"
href="#foot116"><sup>19</sup></a> run the
GNU/Linux<a id="tex2html38"
-href="#foot117"><sup>20</sup></a>operating system. Thousands of
+href="#foot117"><sup>20</sup></a> operating system. Thousands of
programmers write useful free software as
volunteers.<a id="tex2html40" href="#foot118"><sup>21</sup></a>
Companies such as Red Hat, IBM, Oracle, and Google pay programmers to
@@ -233,7 +239,7 @@
free software developers there are; studying the question would be
useful. Alexandre Zapolsky of the free software business event Paris
Capitale du Libre (<a
-href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140402120239/http://paris-libre.org/";>http://www.paris-libre.org</a>)
said
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140402120239/http://paris-libre.org/";>www.paris-libre.org</a>)
said
in 2007 that the free software companies of France had over 10,000
employees.</p>
@@ -316,8 +322,10 @@
computing, they must avoid SaaS just as they must avoid proprietary
software.</p>
+<!-- 2021-08-22 http://pdf-express.org unreachable. Now at
+https://www.ieee.org/conferences/publishing/pdfexpress.html -->
<p>For the preparation of this paper I was invited to use an IEEE site
-called <a href="http://pdf-express.org";>pdf-express.org</a> to convert
+called pdf-express.org to convert
my PDF file into one with the embedded fonts required for the
conference proceedings. Looking at that site, I concluded that it was
an instance of software as a service, and therefore I should not use
@@ -532,7 +540,7 @@
<p>The singer Jane Siberry offers her music for
download through her own web site, called <a id="tex2html71"
-href="http://janesiberry.com";>janesiberry.com</a> in 2010, allowing people to
pay
+href="https://janesiberry.com";>janesiberry.com</a> in 2010, allowing people to
pay
whatever amount they wish. The average price paid per song was earlier
reported to be more than the $.99 that the major
record companies charge.<a id="tex2html72"
@@ -650,12 +658,12 @@
lawful.</p>
<p>To make these changes in laws happen, we need to organize. The
-Electronic Frontier Foundation (<a href="http://eff.org";>eff.org</a>)
+Electronic Frontier Foundation (<a href="https://www.eff.org/";>eff.org</a>)
campaigns against censorship and surveillance. End Software Patents
-(<a href="http://endsoftpatents.org";>endsoftpatents.org</a>) campaigns against
+(<a href="https://endsoftpatents.org/";>endsoftpatents.org</a>) campaigns
against
software patents. The Free Software Foundation campaigns against DRM
through the site
-<a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>.</p>
+<a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>.</p>
<h4 id="personally">Defending freedom personally</h4>
@@ -705,22 +713,23 @@
not exposing the supposed beneficiaries to surveillance or censorship
through the computing practices to which they are being
introduced.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
-<h3 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h3>
+<h3 id="footnotes" class="footnote">Footnotes</h3>
-<dl>
+<dl class="compact" style="font-size:1rem">
<dt id="foot100">… cafe.<a
href="#tex2html1"><sup>1</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/beijing-requires-photo-registration-at-all-internet-cafes-by";>http://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/beijing-requires-photo-registration-at-all-internet-cafes-by</a>.
+
href="https://www.cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/beijing-requires-photo-registration-at-all-internet-cafes-by";>cecc.gov/publications/commission-analysis/beijing-requires-photo-registration-at-all-internet-cafes-by</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot101">… police<a
href="#tex2html3"><sup>2</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/12/remotely_eavesd_1.html";>http://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/12/remotely_eavesd_1.html</a>.
+
href="https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/12/remotely_eavesd_1.html";>schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/12/remotely_eavesd_1.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot102">… individuals.<a
@@ -728,21 +737,21 @@
<dd>See
<!--<a Dead link as of 2021-01-30
href="http://www.newarkspeaks.com/forum/showthread.php?t=5379";>-->
-http://www.newarkspeaks.com/forum/showthread.php?t=5379<!--</a>-->.
+newarkspeaks.com/forum/showthread.php?t=5379<!--</a>-->.
</dd>
<dt id="foot103">… groups<a
href="#tex2html7"><sup>4</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="https://www.aclu.org/fbi-jttf-spying";>http://www.aclu.org/fbi-jttf-spying</a>.
+ href="https://www.aclu.org/fbi-jttf-spying";>aclu.org/fbi-jttf-spying</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot104">… “terrorism.”<a
href="#tex2html9"><sup>5</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://democracynow.org/2008/9/4/eight_members_of_rnc_activist_group";>http://democracynow.org/2008/9/4/eight_members_of_rnc_activist_group</a>.
+
href="https://www.democracynow.org/2008/9/4/eight_members_of_rnc_activist_group";>democracynow.org/2008/9/4/eight_members_of_rnc_activist_group</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot105">… “terrorists.”<a
@@ -750,7 +759,7 @@
<dd>See
<a
href="http://web-old.archive.org/web/20160722044945/http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=7891929";>
-http://abcnews.go.com/international/story?id=7891929</a>.
+abcnews.go.com/international/story?id=7891929</a> (archived).
</dd>
<dt id="foot20">… dissidents.<a
@@ -763,33 +772,33 @@
href="#tex2html14"><sup>8</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/whos_watching_you/8064333.stm";>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/whos_watching_you/8064333.stm</a>.
+
href="https://www.bbc.com/news/2/hi/programmes/whos_watching_you/8064333.stm";>bbc.com/news/2/hi/programmes/whos_watching_you/8064333.stm</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot107">… site.<a
href="#tex2html16"><sup>9</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190918142631/https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/302161/watchdog_threatens_online_rights_group_11k_fine";>https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/302161/watchdog_threatens_online_rights_group_11k_fine</a>
(archived).
+
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190918142631/https://www.computerworld.com.au/article/302161/watchdog_threatens_online_rights_group_11k_fine";>computerworld.com.au/article/302161/watchdog_threatens_online_rights_group_11k_fine</a>
(archived).
</dd>
<dt id="foot108">… list.<a
href="#tex2html18"><sup>10</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="https://www.smh.com.au/technology/banned-hyperlinks-could-cost-you-11-000-a-day-20090317-gdtf8j.html";>https://www.smh.com.au/technology/banned-hyperlinks-could-cost-you-11-000-a-day-20090317-gdtf8j.html</a>.
+
href="https://www.smh.com.au/technology/banned-hyperlinks-could-cost-you-11-000-a-day-20090317-gdtf8j.html";>smh.com.au/technology/banned-hyperlinks-could-cost-you-11-000-a-day-20090317-gdtf8j.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot109">… censorship.<a
href="#tex2html20"><sup>11</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See <a
-
href="http://netzpolitik.org/2009/the-dawning-of-internet-censorship-in-germany/";>http://netzpolitik.org/2009/the-dawning-of-internet-censorship-in-germany/</a>.
+
href="https://netzpolitik.org/2009/the-dawning-of-internet-censorship-in-germany/";>netzpolitik.org/2009/the-dawning-of-internet-censorship-in-germany/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot110">… Internet.<a
href="#tex2html22"><sup>12</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See <a
-
href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Govt-gearing-up-to-gag-news-websites/articleshow/4562292.cms";>http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Govt-gearing-up-to-gag-news-websites/articleshow/4562292.cms</a>.
+
href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Govt-gearing-up-to-gag-news-websites/articleshow/4562292.cms";>timesofindia.indiatimes.com/India/Govt-gearing-up-to-gag-news-websites/articleshow/4562292.cms</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot28">… animals.<a
@@ -803,8 +812,8 @@
href="#tex2html25"><sup>14</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24476581.html";>
- http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24476581.html</a>.
+
href="https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24476581.html";>
+ mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24476581.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot112">… ways.<a
@@ -812,22 +821,22 @@
<dd>See
<a
href="https://www.networkworld.com/article/2255678/20-years-after-tiananmen--china-containing-dissent-online.html";>
-
http://www.networkworld.com/article/2255678/lan-wan/20-years-after-tiananmen--china-containing-dissent-online.html</a>.
+
networkworld.com/article/2255678/20-years-after-tiananmen--china-containing-dissent-online.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot113">… freedoms:<a
href="#tex2html29"><sup>16</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See <a
- href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">http://gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html</a>.
+ href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot114">… divided.<a
href="#tex2html31"><sup>17</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="/philosophy/why-free.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html</a>
and
+ href="/philosophy/why-free.html">gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html</a> and
<a
-
href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/shouldbefree.html</a>
for other
+
href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">gnu.org/philosophy/shouldbefree.html</a>
for other
arguments.
</dd>
@@ -835,56 +844,56 @@
href="#tex2html34"><sup>18</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
- href="http://directory.fsf.org";>http://directory.fsf.org</a>.
+
href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page";>directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot116">… users<a
href="#tex2html36"><sup>19</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption";>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption</a>.
+
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption";>wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_adoption</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot117">… GNU/Linux<a
href="#tex2html38"><sup>20</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See <a
- href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">http://gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>.
+ href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot118">… volunteers.<a
href="#tex2html40"><sup>21</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/fs-motives.html</a>
+ href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">gnu.org/philosophy/fs-motives.html</a>
for some of their motives.
</dd>
<dt id="foot119">… user,<a
href="#tex2html43"><sup>22</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See <a
-href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313214751/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/08/21/spotify_worse_than_the_nsa/";>
-https://web.archive.org/web/20160313214751/http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/08/21/spotify_worse_than_the_nsa</a>.
+href="https://www.theregister.com/2015/08/21/spotify_worse_than_the_nsa";>
+theregister.com/2015/08/21/spotify_worse_than_the_nsa</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot120">… files,<a
href="#tex2html45"><sup>23</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
- href="http://badvista.org";>http://badvista.org</a>.
+ href="https://badvista.fsf.org/";>badvista.fsf.org/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot121">… time.<a
href="#tex2html47"><sup>24</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.informationweek.com/microsoft-updates-windows-without-user-permission-apologizes/d/d-id/1059183";>http://www.informationweek.com/microsoft-updates-windows-without-user-permission-apologizes/d/d-id/1059183</a>.
+
href="https://www.informationweek.com/government/microsoft-updates-windows-without-user-permission-apologizes";>informationweek.com/government/microsoft-updates-windows-without-user-permission-apologizes</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot122">… own.<a
href="#tex2html49"><sup>25</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2009/05/microsoft_update_quietly_insta.html";>http://voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2009/05/microsoft_update_quietly_insta.html</a>.
+
href="http://voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2009/05/microsoft_update_quietly_insta.html";>voices.washingtonpost.com/securityfix/2009/05/microsoft_update_quietly_insta.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot123">… reference.<a
@@ -893,36 +902,36 @@
is only available to be “leased”;
<a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160423155515/http://www.smpte.org/sites/default/files/IndividualLicenseAgreementforSMPTE_EngineeringDocuments.pdf";>
-http://www.smpte.org/sites/default/files/IndividualLicenseAgreementforSMPTE_EngineeringDocuments.pdf</a>.
+smpte.org/sites/default/files/IndividualLicenseAgreementforSMPTE_EngineeringDocuments.pdf</a>
(archived).
</dd>
<dt id="foot124">… patented.<a
href="#tex2html53"><sup>27</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-href="http://web.archive.org/web/20120307122114/http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/176/n_06-08-17_pr.pdf";>
-http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/176/n_06-08-17_pr.pdf</a>
(archived).
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120307122114/http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/176/n_06-08-17_pr.pdf";>
+mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/176/n_06-08-17_pr.pdf</a>
(archived).
</dd>
<dt id="foot125">… million.<a
href="#tex2html56"><sup>28</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/06/jammie-thomas-retrial-verdict.ars";>http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/06/jammie-thomas-retrial-verdict.ars</a>.
+
href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/06/jammie-thomas-retrial-verdict/";>arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2009/06/jammie-thomas-retrial-verdict/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot126">… Council.<a
href="#tex2html58"><sup>29</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.laquadrature.net/fr/hadopi-is-dead-three-strikes-killed-by-highest-court";>http://www.laquadrature.net/fr/hadopi-is-dead-three-strikes-killed-by-highest-court</a>.
+
href="https://www.laquadrature.net/en/2009/06/10/hadopi-is-dead-three-strikes-killed-by-highest-court/";>laquadrature.net/en/2009/06/10/hadopi-is-dead-three-strikes-killed-by-highest-court/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot127">… them.<a
href="#tex2html60"><sup>30</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2008/11/canadian-wish-list-for-secret-acta-treaty-long-varied.ars";>http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2008/11/canadian-wish-list-for-secret-acta-treaty-long-varied.ars</a>.
+
href="https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2008/11/canadian-wish-list-for-secret-acta-treaty-long-varied/";>arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2008/11/canadian-wish-list-for-secret-acta-treaty-long-varied/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot128">… “piracy,”<a
@@ -936,54 +945,54 @@
href="#tex2html64"><sup>32</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
- href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">http://gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.html</a>
for why this propaganda
+ href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.html</a> for why
this propaganda
term is harmful.
</dd>
<dt id="foot130">… purpose.<a
href="#tex2html66"><sup>33</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See <a
-
href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html";>http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html</a>.
+
href="https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html";>www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot66">… DRM.<a
href="#tex2html68"><sup>34</sup></a></dt>
<dd>Those publishers, in an act of doublespeak, call it “Digital
- Rights Management”.
+ Rights Management.”
</dd>
<dt id="foot131">… 200.<a
href="#tex2html69"><sup>35</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.boingboing.net/2009/01/23/monty-pythons-free-w.html";>http://www.boingboing.net/2009/01/23/monty-pythons-free-w.html</a>.
+
href="https://boingboing.net/2009/01/23/monty-pythons-free-w.html";>boingboing.net/2009/01/23/monty-pythons-free-w.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot132">… charge.<a
href="#tex2html72"><sup>36</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.37signals.com/svn/posts/419-jane-siberrys-you-decide-what-feels-right-pricing";>http://www.37signals.com/svn/posts/419-jane-siberrys-you-decide-what-feels-right-pricing</a>.
+
href="https://signalvnoise.com/posts/419-jane-siberrys-you-decide-what-feels-right-pricing";>signalvnoise.com/posts/419-jane-siberrys-you-decide-what-feels-right-pricing</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot133">… days.<a
href="#tex2html74"><sup>37</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.boingboing.net/2008/03/05/nine-inch-nails-made.html";>http://www.boingboing.net/2008/03/05/nine-inch-nails-made.html</a>.
+
href="https://boingboing.net/2008/03/05/nine-inch-nails-made.html";>boingboing.net/2008/03/05/nine-inch-nails-made.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot134">… support.<a
href="#tex2html76"><sup>38</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://www.kk.org/thetechnium/archives/2008/03/1000_true_fans.php";>http://www.kk.org/thetechnium/archives/2008/03/1000_true_fans.php</a>.
+
href="https://kk.org/thetechnium/1000-true-fans/";>kk.org/thetechnium/1000-true-fans/</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot135">… revenue.<a
href="#tex2html78"><sup>39</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See <a
- href="/philosophy/dat.html">http://gnu.org/philosophy/dat.html</a>
+ href="/philosophy/dat.html">gnu.org/philosophy/dat.html</a>
for my 1992 proposal.
</dd>
@@ -996,7 +1005,7 @@
href="#tex2html81"><sup>41</sup></a></dt>
<dd>See
<a
-
href="http://stallman.org/mecenat/global-patronage.html";>http://stallman.org/mecenat/global-patronage.html</a>.
+
href="https://stallman.org/mecenat/global-patronage.html";>stallman.org/mecenat/global-patronage.html</a>.
</dd>
<dt id="foot137">… MP3<a
@@ -1006,9 +1015,16 @@
</dd>
</dl>
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>This essay was first published in the proceedings of the ITU's 2009
+Kaleidoscope conference in Mar del Plata, Argentina.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -1026,13 +1042,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -1053,7 +1069,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2009, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021
Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2009, 2021 Richard M. Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -1063,7 +1079,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/01/31 18:31:37 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/dmarti-patent.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/dmarti-patent.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- po/dmarti-patent.fr-en.html 26 Dec 2020 18:29:45 -0000 1.37
+++ po/dmarti-patent.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.38
@@ -1,16 +1,27 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.84 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="thirdparty" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Patent Reform Now - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/dmarti-patent.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Patent Reform Now! Mail USPTO before 12 April 2001!</h2>
-<p>by Don Marti <a href="mailto:dmarti@ssc.com";><dmarti@ssc.com></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by Don Marti <<a
+href="mailto:dmarti@ssc.com";>dmarti@ssc.com</a>></address>
+<div class="infobox">
<p><em>
[This page remains here for historical interest; we will post the results
- of this campaign when we hear who who has been put on the committee.]
+ of this campaign when we hear who has been put on the committee.]
</em></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>
3 April 2001
@@ -28,11 +39,11 @@
<p>
Richard M. Stallman, inventor of notable software innovations
including the Emacs editor and the software distribution model
-“copyleft”, is our choice for the committee. Stallman has
+“copyleft,” is our choice for the committee. Stallman has
shown reasoned opposition not only to the current trends of patenting
other people's work and trivial new developments, but also to the
patentability of mathematical algorithms and business
-methods. <a href="http://stallman.org/biographies.html#serious";>“A
serious
+methods. <a href="https://stallman.org/biographies.html#serious";>“A
serious
bio”</a> from his web site is the resume he offers; it
summarizes his achievements.
</p>
@@ -56,7 +67,7 @@
</p>
<p>Here is the original notice from the Federal Register (converted from the
-<a href="http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/sol/notices/pubadvcomnom.pdf";>
+<a href="https://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/sol/notices/pubadvcomnom.pdf";>
original PDF file</a> on the USPTO site.)
</p>
@@ -66,7 +77,7 @@
today.
</p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="thin" />
<p>
<b>DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
@@ -91,7 +102,7 @@
</p>
<p>On November 29, 1999, the President signed into law the Patent
-and Trademark Office Efficiency Act (the ``Act''), Pub. L. 106113,
+and Trademark Office Efficiency Act (the “Act”), Pub. L. 106113,
Appendix I, Title IV, Subtitle G, 113 Stat. 1501A 572, which, among
other things, established two Public Advisory Committees to review the
policies, goals, performance, budget and user fees of the United States
@@ -150,15 +161,15 @@
<p>The Public Advisory Committees are each composed of nine (9)
voting members who are appointed by the Secretary of Commerce (the
-``Secretary'') and who have ``substantial backgrounds and achievement in
+“Secretary”) and who have “substantial backgrounds and
achievement in
finance, management, labor relations, science, technology, and office
-automation.'' 35 U.S.C. 5(b)(3). The Public Advisory Committee members
+automation.” 35 U.S.C. 5(b)(3). The Public Advisory Committee members
must be United States citizens and represent the interests of diverse
users of the USPTO both large and small entity applicants in proportion
to the number of such applications filed. In the case of the Patent
Public Advisory Committee, at least twenty-five (25) percent of the
-members must represent ``small business concerns, independent inventors,
-and nonprofit organizations,'' and at least one member must represent
+members must represent “small business concerns, independent inventors,
+and nonprofit organizations,” and at least one member must represent
the independent inventors' community. 35 U.S.C. 5(b)(2). Each of the
Public Advisory Committees also includes three (3) non-voting members
representing each labor organization recognized by the USPTO.
@@ -239,10 +250,11 @@
<br />
BILLING CODE 351016U
</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>
@@ -265,13 +277,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -296,7 +308,7 @@
This article is reprinted here with permission from Don Marti.
</p>
<p>
-Copyright © 2001, 2014, Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc. All rights
+Copyright © 2001, Specialized Systems Consultants, Inc. All rights
reserved.</p>
<p>
First published on the Linux Journal web site 3 April 2001. Verbatim
@@ -308,10 +320,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/12/26 18:29:45 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/drdobbs-letter.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/drdobbs-letter.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- po/drdobbs-letter.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:58:32 -0000 1.32
+++ po/drdobbs-letter.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.33
@@ -1,10 +1,18 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays aboutfs free-open" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Letter to the Editor of Dr. Dobb's Journal
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/drdobbs-letter.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Letter to the Editor of Dr. Dobb's Journal</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>
Dear Editor,
@@ -72,15 +80,16 @@
<p>
Sincerely,
</p>
-<p>
- Richard Stallman
-President,
-Free Software Foundation
-</p>
+<address>
+—<br />
+Richard Stallman<br />
+President,<br />
+Free Software Foundation</address>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -98,19 +107,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -125,20 +134,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2000, 2007, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:58:32 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- po/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr-en.html 26 Sep 2017 07:29:43 -0000
1.32
+++ po/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000
1.33
@@ -1,32 +1,26 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.84 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural access" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>E-books must increase our freedom, not decrease it
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.translist"
-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>E-books must increase our freedom, not decrease it</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
-Stallman</strong></a></p>
-
-<p><em>This essay was originally published by <cite>The Guardian</cite>, on 17
April 2012,
-as “<a
-href="//www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/apr/17/sharing-ebooks-richard-stallman">Technology
-Should Help Us Share, Not Constrain Us</a>”, with some surprise editing.
This
-version incorporates parts of that editing while restoring parts of the
original
-text.</em></p>
-
-<div class="announcement">
-<p>Also consider reading <a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">
-E-Books: Freedom Or Copyright</a>.</p>
-</div>
-<hr />
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>I love The Jehovah Contract, and I'd like everyone else to love it
too. I have lent it out at least six times over the years. Printed
books let us do that.</p>
-<p>I couldn't do that with most commercial e-books. It's “not
allowed”.
+<p>I couldn't do that with most commercial e-books. It's “not
allowed.”
And if I tried to disobey, the software in e-readers has malicious
features called Digital Restrictions Management (DRM, for short) to restrict
reading,
so it simply won't work. The e-books are encrypted so that only
@@ -39,7 +33,7 @@
typically available from Amazon only, and Amazon makes users identify
themselves. Thus, Amazon knows exactly which books each user has
read. In a country such as the UK, where you can be <a
-href="http://www.stallman.org/archives/2012-mar-jun.html#07_April_2012_%28Wrong_book%29";>prosecuted
for
+href="https://www.stallman.org/archives/2012-mar-jun.html#07_April_2012_%28Wrong_book%29";>prosecuted
for
possessing a forbidden book</a>, this is more than hypothetically
Orwellian.</p>
@@ -67,13 +61,20 @@
those, some users skilled at programming would remove them, then
provide the corrected version to all the other users. Users can't
change non-Libre software, which makes it <a
-href="http://www.bostonreview.net/forum/protecting-internet-without-wrecking-it/root-problem-software-controlled-its-developer";>
an ideal
+href="https://www.bostonreview.net/forum/protecting-internet-without-wrecking-it/root-problem-software-controlled-its-developer";>
an ideal
instrument for exercising power over the public</a>.</p>
<p>Any one of these encroachments on our freedom is reason aplenty to say
no. If these policies were limited to Amazon, we'd bypass them, but
the other e-book dealers' policies are roughly similar.</p>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p><a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Join our mailing
list
+about the dangers of eBooks</a>.</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
<p>What worries me most is the prospect of losing the option of printed
books. The Guardian has announced “digital-only reads”: in other
words, books available only at the price of freedom. I will not read
@@ -121,14 +122,27 @@
handcuffs for readers. If e-books mean that readers' freedom must
either increase or decrease, we must demand the increase.</p>
-<blockquote class="announcement"><p>
-<a href="http://defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Join our mailing list
-about the dangers of eBooks</a>.
-</p></blockquote>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p>Also consider reading <a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">
+E-Books: Freedom Or Copyright</a>.</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>This essay was originally published by <cite>The Guardian</cite>, on 17
April 2012,
+as “<a
+href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2012/apr/17/sharing-ebooks-richard-stallman";>Technology
+Should Help Us Share, Not Constrain Us</a>,” with some surprise editing.
This
+version incorporates parts of that editing while restoring parts of the
original
+text.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -146,13 +160,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -173,7 +187,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2012, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -183,10 +197,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2017/09/26 07:29:43 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/ebooks.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/ebooks.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- po/ebooks.fr-en.html 18 Nov 2016 07:32:55 -0000 1.39
+++ po/ebooks.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000 1.40
@@ -1,23 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural access" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>E-Books: Freedom Or Copyright
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/ebooks.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>E-Books: Freedom Or Copyright</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
-Stallman</strong></a></p>
-
-<p><em>This is a slightly modified version of an article published
-in <cite>Technology Review</cite> in 2000.</em></p>
-
-<div class="announcement">
-<p>Also consider reading <a
-href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">E-books must
-increase our freedom, not decrease it</a>.</p>
-</div>
-<hr />
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>Once upon a time, in the age of the printing press, an industrial
regulation was established to cover the business of writing and
@@ -33,6 +30,8 @@
as intended, with little burden on the public. It did its job
well—back then.</p>
+
+
<p>Then a new way of distributing information came about: computers
and networks. The advantage of digital information technology is
that it facilitates copying and manipulating information, including
@@ -68,6 +67,13 @@
legal power over almost anything a reader might do with an e-book.
Even reading it without authorization is a crime.</p>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p><a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Join our mailing
list
+about the dangers of eBooks</a>.</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
<p>We still have the same old freedoms in using paper books. But if
e-books replace printed books, that exception will do little good.
With “electronic ink”, which makes it possible to download
@@ -113,14 +119,23 @@
distributing verbatim unmodified copies, will be entirely obsolete.
And not a moment too soon!</p>
-<blockquote class="announcement">
-<p><a href="http://defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html";>Join our mailing
-list about the dangers of eBooks</a>.</p>
-</blockquote>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p>Also consider reading <a
+href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">E-books must
+increase our freedom, not decrease it</a>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>This is a slightly modified version of an article published in
+<cite>Technology Review</cite> in 2000.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -138,16 +153,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2000, 2016 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -157,10 +172,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2016/11/18 07:32:55 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/google-engineering-talk.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/google-engineering-talk.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- po/google-engineering-talk.fr-en.html 15 Dec 2018 14:46:38 -0000
1.39
+++ po/google-engineering-talk.fr-en.html 3 Sep 2021 08:03:52 -0000
1.40
@@ -1,20 +1,28 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
-
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>GNU & The Free Software Foundation (Engineering Tech Talk at Google)
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/google-engineering-talk.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.translist"
-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>GNU & The Free Software Foundation</h2>
-<p><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></p>
-<p>(Engineering Tech Talk at Google, June 11, 2004)</p>
+<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address>
+
+<div class="infobox">
+<p>Engineering Tech Talk at Google, June 11, 2004</p>
+</div>
-<div class="summary">
+<div class="toc">
+<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3>
-<ul>
+<ul class="columns no-bullet">
<li><a href="#introduction">1. Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#how-it-started">2. How it started</a></li>
<li><a href="#gnu-operating-system">3. GNU operating system</a></li>
@@ -379,7 +387,7 @@
no computer user should ever be denied.</p>
<p>[<a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">
-http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html</a>]</p>
+gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html</a>]</p>
<h3 id="freedom-2-moral-dilemma">7. Freedom 2 moral dilemma</h3>
@@ -911,7 +919,7 @@
punctuation mark you feel expresses it best.</p>
<p>[<a
-href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>]</p>
+href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>]</p>
<p>Now, of course, part of the reason why I'm asking for this is that we
deserve credit, but that's not really a very important thing. If it were
@@ -1009,7 +1017,7 @@
because we're scared to implement them.</p>
<p>[<a
-href="http://endsoftpatents.org";>http://endsoftpatents.org</a>]</p>
+href="https://endsoftwarepatents.org";>endsoftwarepatents.org</a>]</p>
<p>And now, the FCC is considering applying the broadcast flag
regulation to software. The FCC adopted a regulation {prohibiting
@@ -1068,7 +1076,7 @@
computer.</p>
<p>[<a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">
-http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/can-you-trust.html</a>]</p>
+gnu.org/philosophy/can-you-trust.html</a>]</p>
<p>And there are various different things that treacherous computing can
be used to do, things like prohibit you from running any program that
@@ -1123,7 +1131,7 @@
explanation of why this is an important issue.</p>
<p>[<a href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html">
-http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</a>]</p>
+gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</a>]</p>
<h3 id="help-gnu">20. Help GNU</h3>
@@ -1310,7 +1318,7 @@
<p>[RMS, 2010: Gmail is comparable to Hotmail in this regard. See also
<a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">
-http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html</a>
+gnu.org/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html</a>
for another issue that applies to some, but not all, network services.]</p>
<p><b>AUDIENCE:</b> unintelligible</p>
@@ -1689,12 +1697,13 @@
or...</p>
<p>[Applause]</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
-<h4>Footnote</h4>
-
+<h3 class="footnote">Footnote</h3>
<ol>
<li id="ft1">All the patents on MP3 will have expired by 2018.</li>
</ol>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
@@ -1726,7 +1735,7 @@
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2004, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2018 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2004, 2010, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -1736,7 +1745,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2018/12/15 14:46:38 $
+$Date: 2021/09/03 08:03:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
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