www/philosophy/po why-free.zh-cn.po

[Wensheng XIE]

CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     Wensheng XIE <wxie>     17/09/24 08:48:47

Added files:
        philosophy/po  : why-free.zh-cn.po 

Log message:
        zh-cn: new translation

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/why-free.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1

Patches:
Index: why-free.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: why-free.zh-cn.po
diff -N why-free.zh-cn.po
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ why-free.zh-cn.po   24 Sep 2017 12:48:47 -0000      1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,595 @@
+# Simplified Chinese translation of http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html
+# Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>, 2017.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: why-free.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-03-31 06:29+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-09-24 20:43+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Chinese <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"Why Software Should Not Have Owners - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr "为什么软件不应该有所有者 - GNU工程 - 
自由软件基金会"
+
+#. type: Attribute 'content' of: <meta>
+msgid ""
+"GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, Why Software "
+"Should Not Have Owners"
+msgstr 
"GNU、GNU工程、FSF、自由软件、自由软件基金会、为什么软件不应该有所有è€
…"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "Why Software Should Not Have Owners"
+msgstr "为什么软件不应该有所有者"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a> 
著"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Digital information technology contributes to the world by making it easier "
+"to copy and modify information.  Computers promise to make this easier for "
+"all of us."
+msgstr ""
+"数字信息技术对社会的贡献在于它使信息的复制和修改变得更åŠ
 容易。计算机能够使每"
+"个人都可以更容易地复制和修改信息。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Not everyone wants it to be easier.  The system of copyright gives software "
+"programs &ldquo;owners&rdquo;, most of whom aim to withhold software's "
+"potential benefit from the rest of the public.  They would like to be the "
+"only ones who can copy and modify the software that we use."
+msgstr ""
+"并非每个人都希望它更容易。版权体系赋予了软件&ldquo;所有è€
…&rdquo;，而大多数软"
+"件所有者的目æ 
‡æ˜¯æŠ‘制软件带给大众的潜在利益。他们要成为唯一能够复制和修改软件"
+"的人。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The copyright system grew up with printing&mdash;a technology for mass-"
+"production copying.  Copyright fit in well with this technology because it "
+"restricted only the mass producers of copies.  It did not take freedom away "
+"from readers of books.  An ordinary reader, who did not own a printing "
+"press, could copy books only with pen and ink, and few readers were sued for "
+"that."
+msgstr ""
+"版权体系兴起于印刷术&mdash;ä¸€é¡¹å¤§è§„æ¨¡å¤åˆ¶çš„æŠ€æœ¯ã€‚å› 
为版权仅仅限制大规模复制，"
+"所以它很适用于该项技术。它并没有剥夺读者
的自由。一个普通读者，没有印刷设备，"
+"åªèƒ½ç”¨çº¸ç¬”å’Œå¢¨æ°´å¤åˆ¶ä¹¦ç±ï¼Œå¾ˆå°‘æœ‰è¯»è€…ä¼šå› 
此被告上法庭。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Digital technology is more flexible than the printing press: when "
+"information has digital form, you can easily copy it to share it with "
+"others.  This very flexibility makes a bad fit with a system like "
+"copyright.  That's the reason for the increasingly nasty and draconian "
+"measures now used to enforce software copyright.  Consider these four "
+"practices of the Software Publishers Association (SPA):"
+msgstr ""
+"æ•°å­—æŠ€æœ¯æ¯”å°åˆ·è®¾å¤‡æ›´çµæ´»ï¼šä½ 
可以轻易地复制数字化的信息，并与他人分享。正是这"
+"种灵活性使之很难适用于象版权这æ 
·çš„ä½“ç³»ã€‚è¿™å°±æ˜¯ä¸ºä»€ä¹ˆçŽ°åœ¨åŠ 强软件版权的手段越"
+"来越恶劣和严苛。请思量一下软件发布者
协会（SPA）的四个实践："
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"Massive propaganda saying it is wrong to disobey the owners to help your "
+"friend."
+msgstr "å¤§é‡å®£ä¼ èƒŒå›æ‰€æœ‰è€…åŽ»å¸®åŠ©æœ‹å‹æ˜¯é”™è¯¯çš„ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"Solicitation for stool pigeons to inform on their coworkers and colleagues."
+msgstr "诱使线人举报其工友和同事。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"Raids (with police help) on offices and schools, in which people are told "
+"they must prove they are innocent of illegal copying."
+msgstr "çªè¢­ï¼ˆé è­¦å¯Ÿå¸®åŠ©ï¼‰åŠžå…¬åœºæ‰€å’Œå­¦æ ¡ï¼Œå‘Šè¯‰äººä»¬å¿…
须自证没有从事非法复制。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"Prosecution (by the US government, at the SPA's request) of people such as "
+"<acronym title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\">MIT</acronym>'s "
+"David LaMacchia, not for copying software (he is not accused of copying "
+"any), but merely for leaving copying facilities unguarded and failing to "
+"censor their use.<a href=\"#footnote1\">[1]</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"起诉（在SPA的要求下，由美国政府操作）诸如<acronym 
title=\"Massachusetts "
+"Institute of Technology，麻省理工学院\">MIT</acronym>的David 
LaMacchiaè¿™æ ·çš„"
+"äººå£«ï¼Œä¸æ˜¯å› 
ä¸ºå¤åˆ¶è½¯ä»¶ï¼ˆä»–å¹¶æ²¡æœ‰è¢«æŒ‡æŽ§å¤åˆ¶è½¯ä»¶ï¼‰ï¼Œè€Œä»…ä»…æ˜¯å› 
为没有看管复制设"
+"备和没有监管设备用途。<a href=\"#footnote1\">[1]</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"All four practices resemble those used in the former Soviet Union, where "
+"every copying machine had a guard to prevent forbidden copying, and where "
+"individuals had to copy information secretly and pass it from hand to hand "
+"as samizdat.  There is of course a difference: the motive for information "
+"control in the Soviet Union was political; in the US the motive is profit.  "
+"But it is the actions that affect us, not the motive.  Any attempt to block "
+"the sharing of information, no matter why, leads to the same methods and the "
+"same harshness."
+msgstr ""
+"这四项实践都类似于前苏联使用的手段：每个复印机都有一个警卫，以防止非法复制；"
+"è€Œä¸ªäººåªèƒ½ç§˜å¯†å¤åˆ¶ä¿¡æ¯ï¼Œç„¶åŽè±¡åœ°ä¸‹å‡ºç‰ˆç‰©ä¼¼çš„äººä¼ 
人。当然也有不同之处：苏联信"
+"息控制的动机是政治；而美国的是利润。然而，影响我们的是行动，而非动机。任何阻"
+"æ­¢ä¿¡æ¯åˆ†äº«çš„ä¼å›¾ï¼Œæ— è®ºä¸ºä»€ä¹ˆï¼Œéƒ½ä¼šä½¿ç”¨åŒæ 
·çš„æ‰‹æ®µå’Œå¯¼è‡´åŒæ ·ä¸¥é…·çš„æ°›å›´ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Owners make several kinds of arguments for giving them the power to control "
+"how we use information:"
+msgstr "所有者
ä¸ºäº†èŽ·å¾—æŽ§åˆ¶æˆ‘ä»¬å¦‚ä½•ä½¿ç”¨ä¿¡æ¯çš„æƒåŠ›ï¼Œé‡‡å–äº†å¦‚ä¸‹å‡ 
种狡辩："
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "Name calling."
+msgstr "扣帽子。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"Owners use smear words such as &ldquo;piracy&rdquo; and &ldquo;theft&rdquo;, "
+"as well as expert terminology such as &ldquo;intellectual property&rdquo; "
+"and &ldquo;damage&rdquo;, to suggest a certain line of thinking to the "
+"public&mdash;a simplistic analogy between programs and physical objects."
+msgstr ""
+"所有者
使用诽谤性字眼，如&ldquo;盗版&rdquo;和&ldquo;偷窃&rdquo;，还使用专业术"
+"语，如&ldquo;知识产权&rdquo;和&ldquo;伤害&rdquo;，来向大众推介一种思考方式"
+"&mdash;把程序和实物简单类比。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"Our ideas and intuitions about property for material objects are about "
+"whether it is right to <em>take an object away</em> from someone else.  They "
+"don't directly apply to <em>making a copy</em> of something.  But the owners "
+"ask us to apply them anyway."
+msgstr ""
+"我们对实物所有权的理念和直觉是针对<em>拿走别人的东西</em>是否合适这件事。它们"
+"不能直接应用于<em>复制</em>这件事。但是，所有者
å°±æ˜¯è®©æˆ‘ä»¬è¿™æ ·ç”¨ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "Exaggeration."
+msgstr "夸大其词。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"Owners say that they suffer &ldquo;harm&rdquo; or &ldquo;economic "
+"loss&rdquo; when users copy programs themselves.  But the copying has no "
+"direct effect on the owner, and it harms no one.  The owner can lose only if "
+"the person who made the copy would otherwise have paid for one from the "
+"owner."
+msgstr ""
+"所有者
声称当用户自己复制程序时，他们受到了&ldquo;伤害&rdquo;或者
蒙受了&ldquo;"
+"经济损失&rdquo;ã€‚ä½†æ˜¯å¤åˆ¶å¯¹æ‰€æœ‰è€…å¹¶æ— 
直接影响，也没有伤害任何人。如果复制的人"
+"只能向所有者购买拷贝的话，复制才会是所有者的损失。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"A little thought shows that most such people would not have bought copies.  "
+"Yet the owners compute their &ldquo;losses&rdquo; as if each and every one "
+"would have bought a copy.  That is exaggeration&mdash;to put it kindly."
+msgstr ""
+"进一步思考的结果是这些人中的大多数不会去购买拷贝。可是，所有è€
…仍然按照每个人"
+"都会买拷贝来计算自己的&ldquo;损失&rdquo;。这就是夸大å…
¶è¯&mdash;说得客气点。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "The law."
+msgstr "诉之法律。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"Owners often describe the current state of the law, and the harsh penalties "
+"they can threaten us with.  Implicit in this approach is the suggestion that "
+"today's law reflects an unquestionable view of morality&mdash;yet at the "
+"same time, we are urged to regard these penalties as facts of nature that "
+"can't be blamed on anyone."
+msgstr ""
+"所有者经常讲述现行法律及å…
¶ç”¨æ¥å¨èƒæˆ‘ä»¬çš„ä¸¥åŽ‰æƒ©ç½šæŽªæ–½ã€‚è¯¥ä¸¾æŽªæš—ç¤ºå½“ä»Šæ³•å¾‹åæ˜ "
+"çš„æ˜¯æ— 
可辩驳的道德准则&mdash;而与此同时，我们强烈建议视这些处罚为自然事实，它"
+"们不能归咎于任何人。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"This line of persuasion isn't designed to stand up to critical thinking; "
+"it's intended to reinforce a habitual mental pathway."
+msgstr ""
+"æ­¤å¤„çš„æŽ¨ç†å¹¶ä¸æ˜¯ç”¨æ¥ç»å—æ‰¹åˆ¤æ€§æ€è€ƒï¼›å®ƒæ„åœ¨åŠ å¼ºä¹ 
惯性的心理道路。<sup><a href="
+"\"#TransNote1\">1</a></sup>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"It's elementary that laws don't decide right and wrong.  Every American "
+"should know that, in the 1950s, it was against the law in many states for a "
+"black person to sit in the front of a bus; but only racists would say "
+"sitting there was wrong."
+msgstr ""
+"法律并不决定正确或者
错误，这是基础。每一个美国人都应该知道，在50年代，黑人坐"
+"在公交车的前排在许多州是非法的；但是只有种族主义者
才会说坐在那里是错误的。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "Natural rights."
+msgstr "自然权利。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"Authors often claim a special connection with programs they have written, "
+"and go on to assert that, as a result, their desires and interests "
+"concerning the program simply outweigh those of anyone else&mdash;or even "
+"those of the whole rest of the world.  (Typically companies, not authors, "
+"hold the copyrights on software, but we are expected to ignore this "
+"discrepancy.)"
+msgstr ""
+"著作者们经常声称对其软件具有特殊å…
³è”，并据此断言，他们对软件的期望和兴趣就会"
+"超越其他人&mdash;乃至超越整个世界的所有其他人。（å…
¸åž‹çš„情况是，公司而非个人拥"
+"有软件版权，但是我们在此忽略这个差异。）"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"To those who propose this as an ethical axiom&mdash;the author is more "
+"important than you&mdash;I can only say that I, a notable software author "
+"myself, call it bunk."
+msgstr ""
+"对那些建议以&mdash;ä½œè€…æ¯”ä½ æ›´é‡è¦&mdash;为å…
¬ç†çš„人，我只能说：我，作为一个软"
+"件著作者，称之为胡说。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"But people in general are only likely to feel any sympathy with the natural "
+"rights claims for two reasons."
+msgstr "ä½†æ˜¯ä¸€èˆ¬äººä»¬åªä¼šå› ä¸ºä¸¤ä¸ªåŽŸå› 
才可能赞同对自然权利的申明。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"One reason is an overstretched analogy with material objects.  When I cook "
+"spaghetti, I do object if someone else eats it, because then I cannot eat "
+"it.  His action hurts me exactly as much as it benefits him; only one of us "
+"can eat the spaghetti, so the question is, which one? The smallest "
+"distinction between us is enough to tip the ethical balance."
+msgstr ""
+"ä¸€ä¸ªåŽŸå› 
是对实物类比的过度推广。当我做意大利面条时，我会反对别人吃它，å›
 为那"
+"æ 
·æˆ‘就没的吃了。对方获利的多少和对我的伤害正好相当；我们两个只有一个人可以吃"
+"到面条，所以问题是：哪个人是谁？我们之间最小的差异都足以打ç
 ´é“德的平衡。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"But whether you run or change a program I wrote affects you directly and me "
+"only indirectly.  Whether you give a copy to your friend affects you and "
+"your friend much more than it affects me.  I shouldn't have the power to "
+"tell you not to do these things.  No one should."
+msgstr ""
+"ä½†æ˜¯ä½ æ˜¯å¦è¿è¡Œæˆ–ä¿®æ”¹æˆ‘å†™çš„ç¨‹åºç›´æŽ¥å½±å“çš„æ˜¯ä½ 
ï¼Œå¯¹æˆ‘çš„å½±å“åªæ˜¯é—´æŽ¥çš„ã€‚ä½ æ˜¯å¦ç»™"
+"äºˆæœ‹å‹ä¸€ä»½æ‹·è´å¯¹ä½ å’Œä½ 
æœ‹å‹çš„å½±å“è¿œå¤§äºŽå¯¹æˆ‘çš„å½±å“ã€‚æˆ‘ä¸åº”è¯¥æœ‰æƒåŠ›å‘ŠçŸ¥ä½ 
不要这"
+"么做。任何人都不该拥有这个权力。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"The second reason is that people have been told that natural rights for "
+"authors is the accepted and unquestioned tradition of our society."
+msgstr "å¦ä¸€ä¸ªåŽŸå› æ˜¯äººä»¬è¢«å‘ŠçŸ¥ä½œè€…
çš„è‡ªç„¶æƒåˆ©æ˜¯è¢«è®¤å¯çš„ã€æ— å¯è¾©é©³çš„ç¤¾ä¼šä¼ ç»Ÿã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"As a matter of history, the opposite is true.  The idea of natural rights of "
+"authors was proposed and decisively rejected when the US Constitution was "
+"drawn up.  That's why the Constitution only <em>permits</em> a system of "
+"copyright and does not <em>require</em> one; that's why it says that "
+"copyright must be temporary.  It also states that the purpose of copyright "
+"is to promote progress&mdash;not to reward authors.  Copyright does reward "
+"authors somewhat, and publishers more, but that is intended as a means of "
+"modifying their behavior."
+msgstr ""
+"从历史来看，正好相反。起草美国宪法时，作者
的自然权利就已被提出并且被一致否"
+"决。这就是为什么宪法仅<em>å…
è®¸</em>而不是<em>要求</em>有一个版权系统；这就是"
+"为什么宪法说版权必
须是有时限的。宪法还阐述了版权的目的是促进发展&mdash;而不是"
+"奖励作者。版权确实回报了作者
些许，回报出版商更多，但作为手段，回报意在改变他"
+"们的行为。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"The real established tradition of our society is that copyright cuts into "
+"the natural rights of the public&mdash;and that this can only be justified "
+"for the public's sake."
+msgstr ""
+"æˆ‘ä»¬ç¤¾ä¼šå»ºç«‹çš„çœŸæ­£ä¼ ç»Ÿæ˜¯ç‰ˆæƒæ¶ˆå‡äº†å…
¬ä¼—的自然权利&mdash;而它只能按照公众的利益"
+"来评判。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "Economics."
+msgstr "ç»æµŽå› ç´ ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"The final argument made for having owners of software is that this leads to "
+"production of more software."
+msgstr "最后一个论证软件应该有所有者的论点是这æ 
·å¯ä»¥äº§å‡ºæ›´å¤šçš„软件。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"Unlike the others, this argument at least takes a legitimate approach to the "
+"subject.  It is based on a valid goal&mdash;satisfying the users of "
+"software.  And it is empirically clear that people will produce more of "
+"something if they are well paid for doing so."
+msgstr "å’Œå…¶ä»–å‡ 
个论点不同，该论点至少对此问题采取了一种合理的解法。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"But the economic argument has a flaw: it is based on the assumption that the "
+"difference is only a matter of how much money we have to pay.  It assumes "
+"that <em>production of software</em> is what we want, whether the software "
+"has owners or not."
+msgstr ""
+"但是这个经济学的论点有一个漏洞：它的基础假设是差别仅
在于我们付多少钱。它假设"
+"我们要的是<em>软件产品</em>ï¼Œæ— è®ºè½¯ä»¶æ˜¯å¦æœ‰æ‰€æœ‰è€…ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"People readily accept this assumption because it accords with our "
+"experiences with material objects.  Consider a sandwich, for instance.  You "
+"might well be able to get an equivalent sandwich either gratis or for a "
+"price.  If so, the amount you pay is the only difference.  Whether or not "
+"you have to buy it, the sandwich has the same taste, the same nutritional "
+"value, and in either case you can only eat it once.  Whether you get the "
+"sandwich from an owner or not cannot directly affect anything but the amount "
+"of money you have afterwards."
+msgstr ""
+"å› 
为符合我们对实物的经验，人们就轻易地接受了这个假设。举个例子，拿三明治来说"
+"å§ã€‚å‡è®¾ä½ å¯ä»¥å…è´¹æˆ–ä»˜è´¹èŽ·å¾—åŒæ ·çš„ä¸€ä¸ªä¸‰æ˜Žæ²»ã€‚è¿™æ 
·ï¼Œä½ 所付的钱就是唯一的差"
+"åˆ«ã€‚æ— è®ºä½ æ˜¯å¦èŠ±é’±ä¹°ï¼Œè¿™ä¸ªä¸‰æ˜Žæ²»çš„å£å‘³ä¸€æ ·ã€è¥å…
»ä»·å€¼ä¹Ÿä¸€æ ·ï¼Œä½ 也只能吃一次。"
+"ä½ æ˜¯å¦ä»Žå…¶æ‰€æœ‰è€…æ¥è´­ä¹°é™¤äº†å½±å“ä½ 
付钱的多少，也不会再影响别的什么。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"This is true for any kind of material object&mdash;whether or not it has an "
+"owner does not directly affect what it <em>is</em>, or what you can do with "
+"it if you acquire it."
+msgstr ""
+"è¿™ä¸ªé“ç†å¯¹å…¶ä»–å®žç‰©ä¹Ÿä¸€æ ·æˆç«‹&mdash;æ— è®ºå®ƒæ˜¯å¦æœ‰æ‰€æœ‰è€…
并不直接影响它<em>是</"
+"em>ä»€ä¹ˆï¼Œä¹Ÿä¸å½±å“ä½ èŽ·å¾—å®ƒä¹‹åŽä¼šæ€Žä¹ˆå¯¹å¾…å®ƒã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"But if a program has an owner, this very much affects what it is, and what "
+"you can do with a copy if you buy one.  The difference is not just a matter "
+"of money.  The system of owners of software encourages software owners to "
+"produce something&mdash;but not what society really needs.  And it causes "
+"intangible ethical pollution that affects us all."
+msgstr ""
+"但是如果软件有所有者
ï¼Œå®ƒæ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆå°±å—åˆ°å¾ˆå¤§çš„å½±å“ï¼Œä¹Ÿä¼šå½±å“è´­ä¹°å®ƒä¹‹åŽä½ å¯¹å…
¶æ‹·è´"
+"的所作所为。差别就不只是花钱多少。软件所有者
系统会鼓励软件所有者制作软件"
+"&mdash;ä½†ä¸æ˜¯ç¤¾ä¼šçœŸæ­£çš„éœ€æ±‚ã€‚å®ƒé€ 
成了影响我们大家的难以形容的道德污染。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"What does society need? It needs information that is truly available to its "
+"citizens&mdash;for example, programs that people can read, fix, adapt, and "
+"improve, not just operate.  But what software owners typically deliver is a "
+"black box that we can't study or change."
+msgstr ""
+"社会的需求是什么？它需要每个社会å…
¬æ°‘都能真正享有的信息&mdash;ä¾‹å¦‚ï¼Œäººä»¬å¯ä»¥ç ”"
+"è¯»ã€ä¿®æ­£ã€æ”¹é€ 
和提高的程序，而不只是操作运行。然而软件所有者å…
¸åž‹çš„交付是一个"
+"æˆ‘ä»¬æ— æ³•å­¦ä¹ æˆ–ä¿®æ”¹çš„é»‘ç›’ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Society also needs freedom.  When a program has an owner, the users lose "
+"freedom to control part of their own lives."
+msgstr ""
+"社会还需要自由。如果软件有所有者
，软件用户就失去了控制他们生活的部分自由。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And, above all, society needs to encourage the spirit of voluntary "
+"cooperation in its citizens.  When software owners tell us that helping our "
+"neighbors in a natural way is &ldquo;piracy&rdquo;, they pollute our "
+"society's civic spirit."
+msgstr ""
+"最重要的是，社会需要鼓励其å…
¬æ°‘志愿互助的精神。当软件所有者告诉我们以自然的方"
+"式帮助邻居
是&ldquo;盗版&rdquo;，他们就是在污染社会的文明精神。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"This is why we say that <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</"
+"a> is a matter of freedom, not price."
+msgstr ""
+"这就是为什么我们说<a 
href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">自由软件（free "
+"software）</a>å…³ä¹Žè‡ªç”±ï¼Œæ— å…³ä»·æ ¼ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The economic argument for owners is erroneous, but the economic issue is "
+"real.  Some people write useful software for the pleasure of writing it or "
+"for admiration and love; but if we want more software than those people "
+"write, we need to raise funds."
+msgstr ""
+"尽管所有者
的经济学论点是错误的，但是经济学的问题是现实的。有些人为了快乐而编"
+"写有用的软件，有些人为了赞美和爱情
而编写有用的软件；但是如果我们要编写超越这"
+"些人的更多软件，我们需要资金。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Since the 1980s, free software developers have tried various methods of "
+"finding funds, with some success.  There's no need to make anyone rich; a "
+"typical income is plenty of incentive to do many jobs that are less "
+"satisfying than programming."
+msgstr ""
+"自从19世纪80年代以来，自由软件的开发者
一直尝试用各种方法获得资金，有些获得了"
+"成功。并不需要让任何人变得富有；一个正常的收å…
¥å°±ä¼šæ˜¯äººä»¬ä»Žäº‹è®¸å¤šå·¥ä½œçš„足够激"
+"åŠ±ï¼Œè€Œè¿™äº›å·¥ä½œè¿˜ä¸è±¡ç¼–ç¨‹è¿™æ ·æœ‰æˆå°±æ„Ÿã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For years, until a fellowship made it unnecessary, I made a living from "
+"custom enhancements of the free software I had written.  Each enhancement "
+"was added to the standard released version and thus eventually became "
+"available to the general public.  Clients paid me so that I would work on "
+"the enhancements they wanted, rather than on the features I would otherwise "
+"have considered highest priority."
+msgstr ""
+"æœ‰è®¸å¤šå¹´æ¥ï¼Œæˆ‘ä¸€ç›´é 
为客户定制我编写的自由软件来谋生，直到固定资助<sup><a "
+"href=\"#TransNote2\">2</a></sup>让我不必再那æ 
·åšã€‚æˆ‘çš„æ¯ä¸ªå®šåˆ¶éƒ½æ·»åŠ åˆ°äº†æ ‡å‡†"
+"发布版中，从而最终为大众所用。客户付钱给我，我就会开发他们需要的功能而不是我"
+"认为最优先的功能。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Some free software developers make money by selling support services.  In "
+"1994, Cygnus Support, with around 50 employees, estimated that about 15 "
+"percent of its staff activity was free software development&mdash;a "
+"respectable percentage for a software company."
+msgstr ""
+"有些自由软件开发者通过销售技术服务获得收å…
¥ã€‚在1994年，Cygnus Support公司，大"
+"概有50个员工，估计å…
¶å‘˜å·¥15%的工作是进行自由软件的开发&mdash;对一个软件å…
¬å¸æ¥"
+"说这是一个值得尊敬的比例。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In the early 1990s, companies including Intel, Motorola, Texas Instruments "
+"and Analog Devices combined to fund the continued development of the GNU C "
+"compiler.  Most GCC development is still done by paid developers.  The GNU "
+"compiler for the Ada language was funded in the 90s by the US Air Force, and "
+"continued since then by a company formed specifically for the purpose."
+msgstr ""
+"在19世纪90年代，包括Intel、Motorola、Texas Instruments和Analog 
Devices在内的"
+"多家公司联合资助GNU 
C编译器的继续开发。GCC的主要开发仍然是由付费开发者做出"
+"的。针对Ada语言的GNU编译器是在90年代由美国空军资助的，之后由å›
 此而成立的一家"
+"公司继续开发。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The free software movement is still small, but the example of listener-"
+"supported radio in the US shows it's possible to support a large activity "
+"without forcing each user to pay."
+msgstr ""
+"自由软件的规模还不大，但是美国由听众支持的电台作为例子已经表明，它可以支持大"
+"è§„æ¨¡çš„æ´»åŠ¨è€Œæ— éœ€å¼ºè¿«æ¯ä¸ªç”¨æˆ·éƒ½ä»˜è´¹ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"As a computer user today, you may find yourself using a <a href=\"/"
+"philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a> program.  "
+"If your friend asks to make a copy, it would be wrong to refuse.  "
+"Cooperation is more important than copyright.  But underground, closet "
+"cooperation does not make for a good society.  A person should aspire to "
+"live an upright life openly with pride, and this means saying no to "
+"proprietary software."
+msgstr ""
+"ä½œä¸ºå½“ä»Šçš„è®¡ç®—æœºç”¨æˆ·ï¼Œä½ å¯èƒ½æ­£åœ¨ä½¿ç”¨<a 
href=\"/philosophy/categories."
+"html#ProprietarySoftware\">专属</a>ç¨‹åºã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ 
的朋友来要一份拷贝，拒绝可能是"
+"不对的。合作比版权更重要。但是地下的、遮掩的合作不是一个好社会应有的。人们应"
+"该自豪地å…
¬å¼€è¿½æ±‚正直的生活，这就意味着要对专属软件说不。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"You deserve to be able to cooperate openly and freely with other people who "
+"use software.  You deserve to be able to learn how the software works, and "
+"to teach your students with it.  You deserve to be able to hire your "
+"favorite programmer to fix it when it breaks."
+msgstr ""
+"ä½ æœ‰æƒå…¬å¼€å’Œè‡ªç”±åœ°ä¸Žå…¶ä»–è½¯ä»¶ç”¨æˆ·åˆä½œã€‚ä½ æœ‰æƒå­¦ä¹ 
è½¯ä»¶å¦‚ä½•å·¥ä½œï¼Œå¹¶æ•™ä¼šä½ çš„å­¦"
+"ç”Ÿã€‚ä½ æœ‰æƒé›‡ä½£ä½ å–œæ¬¢çš„ç¨‹åºå‘˜ä¸ºä½ ä¿®å¤ç¨‹åºã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "You deserve free software."
+msgstr "ä½ æœ‰æƒæ‹¥æœ‰è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "脚注"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid "The charges were subsequently dismissed."
+msgstr "这些指控都先后被驳回了。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"This essay is published in <a href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+"software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+"Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"本文发表于<a 
href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";
+"\"><cite>自由软件、自由社会：理查德.M.斯托曼 
选集</cite></a>。"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+"<h3>译注</h3>\n"
+"<ol>\n"
+"<li id=\"TransNote1\">mental 
pathway，思想常常循着常规进行，这种趋势， 心理学"
+"上称之为&ldquo;心理的道路&rdquo;。</li>\n"
+"<li 
id=\"TransNote2\">原文是fellowship，一个虚职，有类似奖学金的收å
…¥ã€‚</li>\n"
+"</ol>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a 
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";
+"\">&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.  There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other 
ways "
+"to contact</a> the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions "
+"can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden"
+"org&gt;</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"请将有关自由软件基金会(FSF) &amp; GNU 
的一般性问题发送到<a href=\"mailto:";
+"address@hidden">&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>。也可以通过 <a 
href=\"/contact/\">其他"
+"联系方法</a> 联系自由软件基金会(FSF)。有关失效链接或å…
¶ä»–错误和建议，请发送邮"
+"件到<a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>。"
+
+#
+#
+#
+#.  TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#.         replace it with the translation of these two:
+#.         We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#.         translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#.         Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#.         to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
+#.         &lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
+#.         <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#.         our web pages, see <a
+#.         href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#.         README</a>. 
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"若您想翻译本文，请参看<a 
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
+"翻译须知</a>获取有关协调和提交翻译的相关事项。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright &copy; 1994, 2009 Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "Copyright &copy; 1994, 2009 Richard Stallman"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"本页面使用<a rel=\"license\" 
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
+"nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States "
+"License</a>授权。"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"<b>翻译团队</b>：<a rel=\"team\" 
href=\"https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/";
+"www-zh-cn/\">&lt;CTT&gt;</a>，2017。"
+
+#.  timestamp start 
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "最后更新："