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GNUN |
Subject: |
www planetfeeds.ru.html philosophy/po/free-soft... |
Date: |
Fri, 11 Apr 2014 05:06:47 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 14/04/11 05:06:47
Modified files:
. : planetfeeds.ru.html
philosophy/po : free-software-even-more-important.uk.po
Added files:
philosophy : free-software-even-more-important.uk.html
philosophy/po : free-software-even-more-important.uk-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/planetfeeds.ru.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.198&r2=1.199
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.uk.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk-en.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: planetfeeds.ru.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/planetfeeds.ru.html,v
retrieving revision 1.198
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diff -u -b -r1.198 -r1.199
--- planetfeeds.ru.html 10 Apr 2014 06:09:40 -0000 1.198
+++ planetfeeds.ru.html 11 Apr 2014 05:06:44 -0000 1.199
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<p><a href='http://www.fsf.org/events/20140513-kaohsiungcity'> РиÑаÑд
СÑолмен
вÑÑÑÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÐаоÑÑне (ТайванÑ)</a>: [ТоÑное
меÑÑо и вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñала еÑе не
опÑеделенÑ]</p>
-<p><a href='http://www.fsf.org/events/'20140511-pulitownship> РиÑаÑд
СÑолмен
+<p><a href='http://www.fsf.org/events/20140511-pulitownship'> РиÑаÑд
СÑолмен
вÑÑÑÑÐ¿Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÐÑли (ТайванÑ)</a>: [ТоÑное меÑÑо и
вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñала еÑе не
опÑеделенÑ]</p>
<p><a href='http://www.fsf.org/events/20140510-taipei'> РиÑаÑд
СÑолмен -
Index: philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk.po 11 Apr 2014
04:36:39 -0000 1.3
+++ philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk.po 11 Apr 2014
05:06:47 -0000 1.4
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@
"now-than-ever-before\"> Wired</a>."
msgstr ""
"СÑÑÑÑво вÑдÑедагована веÑÑÑÑ ÑÑаÑÑÑ Ð±Ñла
опÑблÑкована Ñ <a href=\"http://www."
-"wired.com/opinion/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-"
-"now-than-ever-before\"> ÐаÑÑед</a>."
+"wired.com/opinion/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-"
+"before\"> ÐаÑÑед</a>."
#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
Index: philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.uk.html
===================================================================
RCS file: philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.uk.html
diff -N philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.uk.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.uk.html 11 Apr 2014
05:06:45 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.uk.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.76 -->
+
+<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
+ <!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.en.html" -->
+
+<title>ÐÑлÑне пÑогÑамне забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑÑало
Ñе важливÑÑим заÑаз - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
+вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ</title>
+
+<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.uk.html" -->
+<h2>ÐÑлÑне пÑогÑамне забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñе
важливÑÑим заÑаз</h2>
+
+<p><a href="http://www.stallman.org/"><strong>Ð ÑÑаÑд
СÑолмен</strong></a></p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p>СÑÑÑÑво вÑдÑедагована веÑÑÑÑ ÑÑаÑÑÑ
бÑла опÑблÑкована Ñ <a
+href="http://www.wired.com/opinion/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-before">
+ÐаÑÑед</a>.
+</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>ТÑидÑÑÑÑ ÑокÑв пÑойÑло з поÑаÑÐºÑ ÑÑÑ
Ñ Ð·Ð°
вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами, Ñкий виÑÑÑÐ¿Ð°Ñ Ð·Ð°
+Ñе, Ñоб пÑогÑами поважали ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ
гÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð´Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв. Ðи називаÑмо ÑакÑ
+пÑогÑами “вÑлÑними” (пÑдкÑеÑлÑÑÑи,
Ñо ми говоÑимо пÑо ÑвободÑ, а
+не ваÑÑÑÑÑÑ). ÐеÑÐºÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами, ÑакÑ
Ñк Photoshop, дÑже доÑогÑ; ÑнÑÑ,
+ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ñк Flash Player, доÑÑÑпнÑ
безкоÑÑовно — Ñ Ð±ÑдÑ-ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÑ
+вони пÑдпоÑÑдковÑÑÑÑ ÑвоÑÑ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв
Ð²Ð»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð°Ñника пÑогÑами.</p>
+
+<p>ÐагаÑо-Ñо вÑдÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð¼ÑнилоÑÑ: Ñ Ð±ÑлÑÑоÑÑÑ
лÑдей (в ÑозвинениÑ
кÑаÑнаÑ
) ÑепеÑ
+Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿'ÑÑеÑи (ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑÑ
називаÑÑÑ
“ÑелеÑонами”), з ÑкиÑ
вони
+виÑ
одÑÑÑ Ð² ÐнÑеÑнеÑ. ÐевÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами, Ñк
Ñ ÑанÑÑе, змÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв
+вÑддаваÑи конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ÑвоÑми
обÑиÑленнÑми комÑÑÑ ÑнÑомÑ, але заÑаз Ñ Ñе
+один ÑпоÑÑб вÑÑаÑиÑи його: поÑлÑга пÑдмÑни
пÑогÑам; Ñе коли ви дозволÑÑÑе
+комÑÑÑ ÑнÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑоводиÑи ваÑÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑнÑ
обÑиÑлÑвалÑÐ½Ñ Ð´ÑÑлÑнÑÑÑÑ.</p>
+
+<p>РневÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами, Ñа поÑлÑги пÑдмÑни
пÑогÑам можÑÑÑ ÑпигÑваÑи за
+коÑиÑÑÑваÑем, ÑковÑваÑи коÑиÑÑÑваÑа,
навÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñи на коÑиÑÑÑваÑа. ЦÑ
+Ð·Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð½Ñ Ð² ÑлÑжбаÑ
Ñ Ð·Ð°ÐºÑиÑиÑ
пÑогÑамниÑ
пÑодÑкÑаÑ
, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо Ñ
+коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑолÑ. Це
пÑинÑипова вÑдмÑннÑÑÑÑ: невÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами
Ñа
+поÑлÑги пÑдмÑни пÑогÑам конÑÑолÑÑÑÑÑÑ
ÑкимоÑÑ ÑнÑим облиÑÑÑм (Ñк пÑавило,
+коÑпоÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ деÑжавоÑ), а Ñ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÑÑ. ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами,
+навпаки, пеÑедаÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑолÑ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑам.</p>
+
+<p>Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñей конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¸Ð¹? Ð¢Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо
Ñвобода ознаÑÐ°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ÑвоÑÑ
+влаÑним жиÑÑÑм. ЯкÑо ви заÑÑоÑовÑÑÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ð² пÑоÑеÑÑ ÑвоÑÑ
+жиÑÑÑдÑÑлÑноÑÑÑ, ваÑа Ñвобода залежиÑÑ
вÑд Ñого, Ñи конÑÑолÑÑÑе ви ÑÑ
+пÑогÑамÑ. Ðи заÑлÑговÑÑÑе конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´
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+бÑлÑÑе — коли ви заÑÑоÑовÑÑÑе ÑÑ
длÑ
Ñого, Ñо Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑÑ
+важливе.</p>
+
+<p>ÐÐ»Ñ Ñого, Ñоб коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑолÑвали
пÑогÑамÑ, поÑÑÑÐ±Ð½Ñ ÑоÑиÑи <a
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Ñвободи</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>(0) Свобода виконÑваÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ñк вам
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ÑÑлÑÑ
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+
+<p>(1) Свобода вивÑаÑи “виÑ
Ñдний код”
пÑогÑами Ñ Ð·Ð¼ÑнÑваÑи його,
+Ñоб пÑогÑама пÑоводила ваÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑиÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñк
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+пÑогÑамÑÑÑами на моваÑ
пÑогÑамÑваннÑ
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пÑогÑами, ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑ
+“виÑ
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Ñо вмÑÑ
пÑогÑамÑваÑи Ñ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ
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ÑозбиÑаÑиÑÑ Ð² пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð¿ÑавиÑи ÑÑ Ð²
+ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð¼Ð¾Ð²ÑÑно Ñкладно.</p>
+
+<p>(2) Свобода копÑÑваÑи Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÑваÑи вÑлÑнÑ
копÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¸ вам завгодно. (Це не
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кого-небÑдÑ.)</p>
+
+<p>(3) Свобода копÑÑваÑи Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÑваÑи ÑвоÑ
змÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ, коли вам завгодно.</p>
+
+<p>ÐеÑÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ñ Ñвободи ознаÑаÑÑÑ, Ñо кожен
коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ðµ здÑйÑнÑваÑи
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ÐнÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ñ Ñвободи дозволÑÑÑÑ Ð±ÑдÑ
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ниÑ
бÑакÑÑ, Ñо пÑогÑама Ñ
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+
+<p>ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑакÑиÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð´ÑÑлÑноÑÑÑ
заÑÑоÑовÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ñакож ÑнÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸ ÑобÑÑ, Ñ
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ÐÑкÑлÑки Ñе не пÑогÑами, ÑÑÑ
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+пÑогÑами, ÑÑÑого кажÑÑи, на ниÑ
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ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑновкÑ: ÑÑ ÑвоÑи повиннÑ
+неÑÑи ÑÑ Ð¶ ÑоÑиÑи Ñвободи.</p>
+
+<p>ÐÑлÑна пÑогÑама дозволÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ копаÑиÑÑ Ð²
нÑй, Ñоб змÑÑиÑи ÑÑ ÑобиÑи Ñе, Ñо ви
+Ñ
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+звÑÑиÑÑ ÑмÑÑно, ÑкÑо ви звикли до невÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам, запеÑаÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑикÑ, але
+Ñ ÑвÑÑÑ Ñвободи Ñе звиÑайна ÑÑÑ; Ñе Ñ
оÑоÑий
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+авÑомобÑлÑв Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð°Ñ Ñе, Ñо маÑини ÑепеÑ
мÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами.</p>
+
+<h3>ÐеÑпÑаведливÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÐºÑиÑиÑ
пÑогÑам</h3>
+
+<p>ЯкÑо коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ Ð½Ðµ конÑÑолÑÑÑÑ
пÑогÑамÑ, пÑогÑама конÑÑолÑÑ
+коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв. ЯкÑо пÑогÑама невÑлÑна, Ñо
ÑÑнÑÑ ÑкаÑÑ Ð¾Ñоба,
+“влаÑник” пÑогÑами, Ñка конÑÑолÑÑ
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ — Ñ Ñаким
+Ñином здÑйÑнÑÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑами.
ÐевÑлÑна пÑогÑама
+ÑÑмо, знаÑÑÐ´Ð´Ñ Ð½ÐµÑпÑÐ°Ð²ÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¸.</p>
+
+<p>У обÑÑливиÑ
випадкаÑ
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оÑа ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÐ¸
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пÑиÑÑÑоÑÑ
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пÑогÑамаÑ
мобÑлÑниÑ
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+
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пÑогÑам ÑÑÑ
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+опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ <a
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комп'ÑÑеÑÑв, головним
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+
+<p>ÐеÑедаÑа пÑогÑами коÑиÑÑÑваÑам без
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+
+<h3> ÐевÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑлÑга пÑдмÑни
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+
+<p>ÐевÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами бÑли пеÑÑим ÑпоÑобом,
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ÑнÑий ÑпоÑÑб пÑд Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑлÑга
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+влаÑÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑиÑлÑвалÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ.</p>
+
+<p>ÐоÑлÑга пÑдмÑни пÑогÑам не ознаÑаÑ, Ñо
пÑогÑами на ÑеÑвеÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ (Ñ
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пÑизводиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑиÑ
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ÑкоÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑлÑги ÑлÑжбÑ
+пеÑекладÑ: коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð°Ñ ÑекÑÑ Ð½Ð°
ÑеÑвеÑ, а ÑеÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¹Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
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вÑдÑÐ¸Ð»Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеклад коÑиÑÑÑваÑевÑ. Так
+оÑ, Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ
одиÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñд
конÑÑолем опеÑаÑоÑа ÑеÑвеÑа, а не
+коÑиÑÑÑваÑа.</p>
+
+<p>ЯкÑо ви коÑиÑÑÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑлÑÐ³Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑдмÑни
пÑогÑам, Ñо опеÑаÑÐ¾Ñ ÑеÑвеÑа конÑÑолÑÑ
+ваÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑиÑленнÑ. Це Ð²Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÑÑи ÑÑÑ
пÑиÑеÑÐ½Ñ Ð´Ð¾ обÑобки Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑоÑÑ
+ÑеÑвеÑа, Ñкого бÑдÑÑÑ Ñакож пÑимÑÑÑваÑи
показÑваÑи ÑÑ
деÑÐ¶Ð°Ð²Ñ <a
+href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html"> ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾,
+зÑеÑÑоÑ, Ñей ÑеÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑлÑговÑÑ?</a></p>
+
+<h3>ÐеÑÐ²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð²ÑоÑÐ¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð½ÐµÑпÑаведливоÑÑÑ</h3>
+
+<p>Ðоли ви коÑиÑÑÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑними
пÑогÑамами або поÑлÑгами-пÑдмÑни пÑогÑам,
+пеÑÑ Ð·Ð° вÑе ви ÑобиÑе погано з Ñамим ÑобоÑ,
ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо Ñе Ð´Ð°Ñ ÑкÑйÑÑ Ð¾ÑобÑ
+неÑпÑÐ°Ð²ÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ вами. Ðи повиннÑ
пÑÑи вÑд ÑÑого заÑади ÑамиÑ
+Ñебе. Це Ñакож ознаÑÐ°Ñ Ð½ÐµÑпÑаведливÑÑÑÑ Ñ
вÑдноÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑнÑиÑ
, ÑкÑо ви обÑÑÑÑÑе
+не обмÑнÑваÑиÑÑ. ТÑимаÑи ÑакÑ
обÑÑÑÐ½ÐºÑ Ð·Ð»Ð¾, а не ÑÑÑимаÑи
+його менÑе зло; Ñоб бÑÑи
по-ÑпÑавжнÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑеÑним, вам Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð³Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð½Ðµ
+ÑлÑд даваÑи ÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÑнки.</p>
+
+<p>ÐÑÐ´Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÐ¸, коли коÑиÑÑÑваннÑ
невÑлÑними пÑогÑамами Ð½Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑÑмий ÑиÑк,
+Ñкий змÑÑÑÑ ÑнÑиÑ
ÑобиÑи Ñе ж Ñаме.
ХаÑакÑеÑний пÑиклад — Skype:
+коли одна лÑдина коÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑноÑ
пÑогÑамоÑ-клÑÑнÑом Skype, вÑд ÑнÑоÑ
+лÑдини Ñеж поÑÑÑбно коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ ÑÑÑÑ
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ñ — Ñаким Ñином
+обидва поÑÑÑпаÑÑÑÑÑ ÑвоÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ (ÑÑ Ð¶
пÑоблема Ñ Ñ Google
+Hangouts). ÐоÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ñакими пÑогÑамами не
можна навÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑопонÑваÑи. Ðи
+Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑдмовлÑÑиÑÑ Ð²Ñд коÑиÑÑÑваннÑ
Ñакими пÑогÑамами навÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° коÑоÑкий
+ÑеÑмÑн, навÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐ¶Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿'ÑÑеÑÑ.</p>
+
+<p>ÐнÑа Ñкода вÑд заÑÑоÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑлÑг пÑдмÑни пÑогÑам полÑгаÑ
+в ÑомÑ, Ñо Ñе винагоÑоджÑÑ Ð°Ð³ÑеÑоÑа, заоÑ
оÑÑÑÑи подалÑÑий ÑозвиÑок ÑÑÑÑ
+пÑогÑами або “поÑлÑги” Ñ Ð²ÑÑгÑÑÑи Ñ
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑÐ³Ñ Ñе бÑлÑÑе ÑиÑло
+лÑдей пÑд п'ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÑÑ.</p>
+
+<p>УÑÑ ÑоÑми непÑÑÐ¼Ð¾Ñ Ñкоди поÑилÑÑÑÑÑÑ,
коли коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑедÑÑавлÑÑ ÑобоÑ
+гÑомадÑÑÐºÑ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ñи навÑалÑний
заклад.</p>
+
+<h3>ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами Ñ Ð´ÐµÑжава</h3>
+
+<p>ÐÑомадÑÑÐºÑ Ð¾Ñгани ÑÑнÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑодÑ, а
не ÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñебе. Ðоли вони
+пÑоводÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑиÑленнÑ, вони ÑоблÑÑÑ Ñе длÑ
наÑодÑ. ÐÑ
нÑй
+обов'Ñзок — пÑдÑÑимÑваÑи повний
конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ Ñими обÑиÑленнÑми,
+Ñоб вони могли гаÑанÑÑваÑи, Ñо вони
пÑоводÑÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ Ñином (в
+ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑиÑлÑвалÑний ÑÑвеÑенÑÑеÑ
деÑжави). Ðони нÑколи не повиннÑ
+допÑÑкаÑи, Ñоб конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ деÑжавними
обÑиÑленнÑми поÑÑапив Ñ Ð¿ÑиваÑнÑ
+ÑÑки.</p>
+
+<p>Щоб пÑдÑÑимÑваÑи конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ наÑодними
обÑиÑленнÑми, гÑомадÑÑÐºÑ Ð¾Ñгани не
+Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑобиÑи Ñе за Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам (пÑогÑам, конÑÑолÑованиÑ
Ñе
+кимоÑÑ, кÑÑм деÑжави). Рвони не повиннÑ
довÑÑÑÑи обÑиÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑлÑжбам,
+запÑогÑамованим Ñ ÐºÐµÑованим кимоÑÑ,
вÑдмÑнним вÑд деÑжави, позаÑк Ñе бÑла б
+поÑлÑга-пÑдмÑни пÑогÑами.</p>
+
+<p>Ð Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑÑво Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÑ Ñ
невÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð³Ð°Ð»Ñ
+нÑÑкого заÑ
иÑÑÑ — пÑи заÑ
иÑÑÑ Ð²Ñд ÑÑ
ÑозÑобника. Ð ÑозÑобник може
+допомагаÑи ÑнÑим обÑ
одиÑи заÑ
оди безпеки.
<a
+href="http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/">Microsoft
+показÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¸ в Windows ÐÐÐ</a> (деÑжавномÑ
агенÑÑÑÐ²Ñ ÑиÑÑового ÑпигÑнÑÑва
+СШÐ), пеÑед Ñим Ñк ÑÑ
випÑавиÑи. Ðи не
знаÑмо, Ñи Ñак Ñамо ÑиниÑÑ Apple, але
+ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ
одиÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñд Ñаким же
ÑиÑком деÑжави, Ñк Ñ Microsoft. ЯкÑо
+ÑÑÑд бÑдÑ-ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑнÑÐ¾Ñ ÐºÑаÑни коÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ
Ñакими пÑогÑамами, Ñо Ñе ÑÑавиÑÑ
+пÑд загÑÐ¾Ð·Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑоналÑÐ½Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¿ÐµÐºÑ. Ðи Ñ
оÑеÑе, Ñоб ÐÐРзламала комп'ÑÑеÑи
+ваÑого ÑÑÑдÑ?Ðив. наÑÑ <a
href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">
+ÑекомендаÑÑÑ Ñодо деÑÐ¶Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑики Ñз
пÑдÑÑимки вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам</a>.</p>
+
+<h3>ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами Ñ Ð¾ÑвÑÑа</h3>
+
+<p>Школи (ÑобÑо вÑÑ Ð¾ÑвÑÑÐ½Ñ Ð´ÑÑлÑнÑÑÑÑ)
впливаÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° майбÑÑÐ½Ñ ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑва за
+Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ñ Ñого, Ñого вони навÑаÑÑÑ. Ðони
Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð²ÑаÑи виклÑÑно вÑлÑним
+пÑогÑамам, Ñоб викоÑиÑÑовÑваÑи ÑвÑй вплив
на благо. ÐавÑаÑи невÑлÑноÑ
+пÑогÑами — вÑе одно Ñо пÑиÑеплÑваÑи
залежнÑÑÑÑ, а Ñе йде вÑозÑÑз
+Ñз завданнÑми оÑвÑÑи. ÐавÑаÑÑи
коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑними пÑогÑамами, Ñколи
+бÑдÑÑÑ ÑпÑÑмовÑваÑи ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑво до
вÑлÑного майбÑÑнÑого Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñи
+ÑалановиÑим пÑогÑамÑÑÑам опанÑваÑи ÑÑÑÑ
майÑÑеÑнÑÑÑÑ.</p>
+
+<p>Ðони бÑдÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÑоблÑÑи в ÑÑнÑв звиÑкÑ
ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑваÑи, допомагаÑи ÑнÑим. У
+ÐºÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð±ÑÑи пÑавило: “УÑнÑ!
Цей ÐºÐ»Ð°Ñ — мÑÑÑе, де
+ми обмÑнÑÑмоÑÑ ÑвоÑми знаннÑми. ЯкÑо ви
пÑиноÑиÑе в ÐºÐ»Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑ, ви не
+можеÑе ÑÑимаÑи ÑÑ Ð¿Ñи ÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ — ви
Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÑнÑваÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑми з
+ÑеÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑ, в ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑиÑÐ»Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñ
Ñдним
ÑекÑÑом пÑогÑами на випадок, ÑкÑо Ñ
ÑоÑÑ
+Ñе заÑ
оÑе вивÑиÑи його. ÐÑдповÑдно,
пÑиноÑиÑи в ÐºÐ»Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами не
+допÑÑкаÑÑÑÑÑ, кÑÑм Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÑ Ð·Ð²Ð¾ÑоÑноÑ
ÑозÑобки ÑиÑ
пÑогÑам”.</p>
+
+<p>РозÑобники невÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам Ñ
оÑÑли б,
Ñоб ми каÑали ÑÑнÑв, Ñ ÑкиÑ
в дÑÑÑ
+доÑиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ñа, Ñоб обмÑнÑваÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамами
Ñ Ð¿ÑипинÑÑи дÑÑ ÑиÑ
, Ñ
Ñо доÑиÑÑ
+ÑÑкавий Ñ Ñ
оÑе змÑниÑи пÑогÑами. Це погана
оÑвÑÑа. ÐокладнÑÑе пÑо
+заÑÑоÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам Ñ ÑколаÑ
йдеÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° <a href="/education/">
+http://www.gnu.org/education/</a>.</p>
+
+<h3>ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами: не пÑоÑÑо
“пеÑеваги”</h3>
+
+<p>Ðене ÑаÑÑо пÑоÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑи
“пеÑеваги” вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам. Ðле Ñлово
+“пеÑеваги” занадÑо Ñлабе, коли мова
йде пÑо ÑвободÑ. ÐиÑÑÑ Ð±ÐµÐ·
+Ñвободи Ñе пÑигнÑÑеннÑ, Ñ Ð´Ð¾
обÑиÑлÑвалÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑ
нÑки Ñе
+вÑдноÑиÑÑÑÑ Ñак Ñамо, Ñк Ñ Ð´Ð¾ бÑдÑ-ÑкоÑ
ÑнÑÐ¾Ñ Ð´ÑÑлÑноÑÑÑ Ð² наÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑÑ. Ðи
+Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑдмовлÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑедаваÑи
влаÑникам пÑогÑам або обÑиÑлÑвалÑниÑ
поÑлÑг
+конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ обÑиÑленнÑми, ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¸
пÑоводимо. Це пÑавилÑно з егоÑÑÑиÑниÑ
+мÑÑкÑванÑ; але не ÑÑлÑки з ниÑ
.</p>
+
+<p>Ð ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð²Ñ
одиÑÑ Ñвобода ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑ Ð·
ÑнÑими. ÐÑдмова лÑдÑм Ñ ÑÑй ÑвободÑ
+ознаÑаÑ, Ñо ÑÑ
залиÑаÑÑÑ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¿Ð¾Ñадними, а Ñе
поÑаÑок ÑиÑÑеми ÑÑ
нÑого
+пÑигнÑÑеннÑ. Ðи, Ñлени ÑпÑлÑноÑи вÑлÑного
пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ, дÑже
+добÑе знаÑмо пÑо Ñе, Ñк важлива Ñвобода
ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑ, бо наÑа ÑобоÑа полÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð²
+оÑганÑзованÑй ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑ. ЯкÑо знайома пÑиÑ
одиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð² гоÑÑÑ Ñ Ð±Ð°ÑиÑÑ, Ñо
+ви коÑиÑÑÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамоÑ, вона може
попÑоÑиÑи копÑÑ. ÐÑогÑама, Ñка не даÑ
+вам Ñебе ÑозповÑÑджÑваÑи або заÑвлÑÑ, Ñо
вам Ñе “не годиÑÑÑÑ”,
+анÑиÑоÑÑалÑна.</p>
+
+<p>РобÑиÑлÑвалÑнÑй ÑеÑ
нÑÑÑ ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑ
пеÑедбаÑÐ°Ñ ÑозповÑÑÐ´Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑоÑниÑ
копÑй
+пÑогÑами ÑеÑед ÑнÑиÑ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв. Ðона
пеÑедбаÑÐ°Ñ Ñакож поÑиÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑеÑед ниÑ
+веÑÑÑй з ваÑими змÑнами. ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами
заоÑ
оÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑ ÑоÑми
+ÑпÑвÑобÑÑниÑÑва, в Ñой ÑÐ°Ñ Ñк невÑлÑнÑ
пÑогÑами забоÑонÑÑÑÑ. Ðони
+забоÑонÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ñй, а,
вÑдмовлÑÑÑи коÑиÑÑÑваÑам Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñ
ÑдномÑ
ÑекÑÑÑ,
+вони не даÑÑÑ Ñм Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑиÑи змÑни.
ÐоÑлÑгипÑдмÑни пÑогÑам пÑизводÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾
+Ñого ж: ÑкÑо ваÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑиÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑоводÑÑÑÑÑ Ð²
меÑÐµÐ¶Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐ¶Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑеÑвеÑÑ ÑÑжоÑ
+копÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами, Ñо ви не можеÑе заглÑнÑÑи
в неÑ, помаÑаÑи пÑогÑамÑ, Ñка
+пÑоводиÑÑ Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑиÑленнÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸ не
можеÑе Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÑваÑи, Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð¼ÑнÑваÑи ÑÑ.</p>
+
+<h3>ÐиÑновок</h3>
+
+<p>Ðи заÑлÑговÑÑмо конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ÑвоÑми
влаÑними обÑиÑленнÑми; Ñк нам завоÑваÑи
+Ñей конÑÑолÑ? ÐÑÐ´Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ñд невÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам на комп'ÑÑеÑаÑ
, Ñкими ми
+володÑÑмо або ÑегÑлÑÑно коÑиÑÑÑÑмоÑÑ, Ñ
вÑÐ´Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ñд поÑлÑг пÑдмÑни
+пÑогÑам. <a href="/licenses/license-recommendations.html"> Ð
озÑÐ¾Ð±ÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
+пÑогÑам</a> (Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑиÑ
з наÑ, Ñ
Ñо вмÑÑ
пÑогÑамÑваÑи). ÐÑÐ´Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ ÑозвиваÑи
+невÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами або поÑлÑги пÑдмÑни
пÑогÑам, а Ñакож ÑпÑиÑÑи Ñм. <a
+href="/help/help.html"> ÐоÑиÑеннÑм ÑиÑ
Ñдей Ñ
ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑвÑ</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Разом з ÑиÑÑÑами коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв ми Ñобимо
Ñе з 1984 ÑокÑ, Ñ Ñаме ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñ
+Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÑ Ñ Ð²ÑлÑна опеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема
GNU/Linux, ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ðµ коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ
+кожен — Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑ, Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑ.
ÐÑÑÑпайÑе в наÑÑ ÑÑди в
+ÑкоÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑа або акÑивÑÑÑа. ÐÑобимо
вÑлÑними вÑÑÑ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв
+комп'ÑÑеÑÑв!</p>
+
+
+<div style="font-size: small;">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
+ </div>
+</div>
+
+<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.uk.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>ÐÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, надÑилайÑе загалÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñи
ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ñа GNU за адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. ÐаÑвнÑ
Ñакож <a
+href="/contact/">ÑнÑÑ ÑпоÑоби зв'ÑзкÑ</a> з Ñондом.
ÐвÑÑи пÑо непÑаÑÑÑÑÑ
+поÑÐ¸Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñ ÑнÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñи
пÑопозиÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð° надÑилаÑи за адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p>
+<!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад ÑоÑним
Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи
+можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¸ ми не можемо.
ÐадÑилайÑе, бÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ
+пÑопозиÑÑÑ Ñодо пеÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+</p><p>ÐÑдомоÑÑÑ Ð· кооÑдинаÑÑÑ Ñа пÑопозиÑÑй
пеÑекладÑв наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей див. Ñ
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">“ÐоÑÑбникÑ
з
+пеÑекладє</a>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+<p>Copyright © 2013 Ð ÑÑаÑд СÑолмен</p>
+
+<p>Ð¦Ñ ÑÑоÑÑнка доÑÑÑпна на ÑмоваÑ
<a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.uk">
лÑÑензÑÑ
+Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>Ðз зазнаÑеннÑм
+авÑоÑÑÑва — Ðез поÑ
ÑдниÑ
ÑвоÑÑв</em>) 3.0
СполÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¨ÑаÑи</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.uk.html" -->
+<div class="translators-credits">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
+ÐÑдÑÑимка ÑкÑаÑнÑÑкого пеÑекладÑ: ÐндÑÑй
ÐандÑÑа
+(address@hidden)</div>
+
+
+ <p></p><p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
+Ðновлено:
+
+$Date: 2014/04/11 05:06:45 $
+
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
Index: philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk-en.html
diff -N philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk-en.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.uk-en.html 11 Apr 2014
05:06:47 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.76 -->
+<title>Free Software Is Even More Important Now
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+ <!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+
+<h2>Free Software Is Even More Important Now</h2>
+
+<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/"><strong>Richard
+Stallman</strong></a></p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p>A substantially edited version of this article was published in <a
+href="http://www.wired.com/opinion/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-before">
+Wired</a>.
+</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>It is 30 years since the launch of the Free Software Movement which
+campaigns for software to respect the users' freedom and community.
+We call such software “free” and “libre” (we
+use that word to emphasize that we're talking about freedom, not
+price). Some proprietary programs, such as Photoshop, are very
+expensive; others, such as Flash Player, are available
+gratis—either way, they subject their users to the program
+owner's power.</p>
+
+<p>Much has changed since the beginning: most people, in advanced
+countries, now own computers (sometimes called “phones”)
+and connect to the Internet with them. Nonfree software still makes
+the users surrender control over their computing to someone else, but
+now there is another way to lose it: Service as a Software Substitute,
+or SaaSS, which means letting someone else's server do your own
+computing activities.</p>
+
+<p>Both nonfree software and SaaSS can spy on the user, shackle the
+user, and even attack the user. Abuses are common in services and
+proprietary software products because the users are not in charge.
+That's the fundamental difference: nonfree software and SaaSS are
+controlled by some other entity (typically a corporation or a state),
+and the users have no say. Free software, by contrast, puts the users
+in control.</p>
+
+<p>Why does this control matter? Because freedom means having control
+over your own life. If you use a program to carry out activities in
+your life, your freedom depends on your having control over the program.
+You deserve to have control over the programs you use, and all the more
+so when you use them for something important in your life.</p>
+
+<p>Users' control over the program requires four
+<a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">essential freedoms</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>(0) The freedom to run the program as you wish, for whatever purpose.</p>
+
+<p>(1) The freedom to study the program's “source code”,
+and change it, so the program does your computing as you wish.
+Programs are written by programmers in a programming
+language—like English combined with algebra—and that form
+of the program is the “source code”. Anyone who knows
+programming, and has the program in source code form, can read the
+source code, understand its functioning, and change it too. When all
+you get is the executable form, a series of numbers that are efficient
+for the computer to run but extremely hard for a human being to
+understand, understanding and changing the program in that form are
+forbiddingly hard.</p>
+
+<p>(2) The freedom to make and distribute exact copies when you wish.
+(It is not an obligation; doing this is your choice. If the program
+is free, that doesn't mean someone has an obligation to offer you a
+copy, or that you have an obligation to offer him a copy.
+Distributing a program to users without freedom mistreats them;
+however, choosing not to distribute the program—using it
+privately—does not mistreat anyone.)</p>
+
+<p>(3) The freedom to make and distribute copies of your modified
+versions, when you wish.</p>
+
+<p>The first two freedoms mean each user can exercise individual
+control over the program. With the other two freedoms, any group of
+users can together exercise <em>collective control</em> over the
+program. With all four freedoms, the users fully control the program.
+If any of them is missing or inadequate, the program is proprietary
+(nonfree), and unjust.</p>
+
+<p>Other kinds of works are also used for practical activities, including
+recipes for cooking, educational works such as textbooks, reference
+works such as dictionaries and encyclopedias, fonts for displaying
+paragraphs of text, circuit diagrams for hardware for people to build,
+and patterns for making useful (not merely decorative) objects with a
+3D printer. Since these are not software, the free software movement
+strictly speaking doesn't cover them; but the same reasoning applies
+and leads to the same conclusion: these works should carry the four
+freedoms.</p>
+
+<p>A free program allows you to tinker with it to make it do what you
+want (or cease do to something you dislike). Tinkering with software
+may sound ridiculous if you are accustomed to proprietary software as
+a sealed box, but in the Free World it's a common thing to do, and a
+good way to learn programming. Even the traditional American pastime
+of tinkering with cars is obstructed because cars now contain nonfree
+software.</p>
+
+<h3>The Injustice of Proprietariness</h3>
+
+<p>If the users don't control the program, the program controls the
+users. With proprietary software, there is always some entity, the
+“owner” of the program, that controls the
+program—and through it, exercises power over its users. A
+nonfree program is a yoke, an instrument of unjust power.</p>
+
+<p>In outrageous cases (though this outrage has become quite usual) <a
+href="/philosophy/proprietary.html">proprietary programs are designed
+to spy on the users, restrict them, censor them, and abuse them</a>.
+For instance, the operating system of Apple iThings does all of these,
+and so does Windows on mobile devices with ARM chips. Windows, mobile
+phone firmware, and Google Chrome for Windows include a universal back
+door that allows some company to change the program remotely without
+asking permission. The Amazon Kindle has a back door that can erase
+books.</p>
+
+<p>With the goal of ending the injustice of nonfree software, the free
+software movement develops free programs so users can free themselves.
+We began in 1984 by developing the free operating system <a
+href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">GNU</a>. Today, millions of computers
+run GNU, mainly in the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
+combination</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Distributing a program to users without freedom mistreats those users;
+however, choosing not to distribute the program does not mistreat
+anyone. If you write a program and use it privately, that does no
+wrong to others. (You do miss an opportunity to do good, but that's
+not the same as doing wrong.) Thus, when we say all software must
+be free, we mean that every copy must come with the four freedoms,
+but we don't mean that someone has an obligation to offer you a copy.</p>
+
+<h3>Nonfree Software and SaaSS</h3>
+
+<p>Nonfree software was the first way for companies to take control of
+people's computing. Nowadays, there is another way, called Service as
+a Software Substitute, or SaaSS. That means letting someone else's
+server do your own computing tasks.</p>
+
+<p>SaaSS doesn't mean the programs on the server are nonfree (though they
+often are). Rather, using SaaSS causes the same injustices as using a
+nonfree program: they are two paths to the same bad place. Take the
+example of a SaaSS translation service: The user sends text to the
+server, and the server translates it (from English to Spanish, say)
+and sends the translation back to the user. Now the job of
+translating is under the control of the server operator rather than
+the user.</p>
+
+<p>If you use SaaSS, the server operator controls your computing. It
+requires entrusting all the pertinent data to the server operator,
+which will be forced to show it to the state as well—<a
+href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">who
+does that server really serve, after all?</a></p>
+
+<h3>Primary And Secondary Injustices</h3>
+
+<p>When you use proprietary programs or SaaSS, first of all you do wrong
+to yourself, because it gives some entity unjust power over you. For
+your own sake, you should escape. It also wrongs others if you make a
+promise not to share. It is evil to keep such a promise, and a lesser
+evil to break it; to be truly upright, you should not make the promise
+at all.</p>
+
+<p>There are cases where using nonfree software puts pressure directly
+on others to do likewise. Skype is a clear example: when one person
+uses the nonfree Skype client software, it requires another person to
+use that software too—thus both surrender their freedom.
+(Google Hangouts have the same problem.) It is wrong even to suggest
+using such programs. We should refuse to use them even briefly, even
+on someone else's computer.</p>
+
+<p>Another harm of using nonfree programs and SaaSS is that it rewards
+the perpetrator, encouraging further development of that program or
+“service”, leading in turn to even more people falling
+under the company's thumb.</p>
+
+<p>All the forms of indirect harm are magnified when the user is a
+public entity or a school.</p>
+
+<h3>Free Software and the State</h3>
+
+<p>Public agencies exist for the people, not for themselves. When they
+do computing, they do it for the people. They have a duty to maintain
+full control over that computing so that they can assure it is done
+properly for the people. (This constitutes the computational
+sovereignty of the state.) They must never allow control over the
+state's computing to fall into private hands.</p>
+
+<p>To maintain control of the people's computing, public agencies must
+not do it with proprietary software (software under the control of an
+entity other than the state). And they must not entrust it to a
+service programmed and run by an entity other than the state, since
+this would be SaaSS.</p>
+
+<p>Proprietary software has no security at all in one crucial case
+— against its developer. And the developer may help others attack.
+<a
href="http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/">
+Microsoft shows Windows bugs to the NSA</a> (the US government digital
+spying agency) before fixing them. We do not know whether Apple does
+likewise, but it is under the same government pressure as Microsoft.
+If the government of any other country uses such software, it
+endangers national security. Do you want the NSA to break into your
+government's computers? See
+our <a href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">suggested
+policies for governments to promote free software</a>.</p>
+
+<h3>Free Software and Education</h3>
+
+<p>Schools (and this includes all educational activities) influence the
+future of society through what they teach. They should teach
+exclusively free software, so as to use their influence for the good.
+To teach a proprietary program is to implant dependence, which goes
+against the mission of education. By training in use of free
+software, schools will direct society's future towards freedom, and
+help talented programmers master the craft.</p>
+
+<p>They will also teach students the habit of cooperating, helping
+other people. Each class should have this rule: “Students, this
+class is a place where we share our knowledge. If you bring software
+to class, you may not keep it for yourself. Rather, you must share
+copies with the rest of the class—including the program's source
+code, in case someone else wants to learn. Therefore, bringing
+proprietary software to class is not permitted except to reverse
+engineer it.”</p>
+
+<p>Proprietary developers would have us punish students who are good
+enough at heart to share software and thwart those curious enough to
+want to change it. This means a bad education. See
+<a href="/education/">http://www.gnu.org/education/</a>
+for more discussion of the use of free software in schools.</p>
+
+<h3>Free Software: More Than “Advantages”</h3>
+
+<p>I'm often asked to describe the “advantages” of free
+software. But the word “advantages” is too weak when it
+comes to freedom. Life without freedom is oppression, and that
+applies to computing as well as every other activity in our lives. We
+must refuse to give the owners of the programs or computing services
+control over the computing we do. This is the right thing to do, for
+selfish reasons; but not solely for selfish reasons.</p>
+
+<p>Freedom includes the freedom to cooperate with others. Denying
+people that freedom means keeping them divided, which is the start of
+a scheme to oppress them. In the free software community, we are very
+much aware of the importance of the freedom to cooperate because our
+work consists of organized cooperation. If your friend comes to visit
+and sees you use a program, she might ask for a copy. A program which
+stops you from redistributing it, or says you're “not supposed
+to”, is antisocial.</p>
+
+<p>In computing, cooperation includes redistributing exact copies of a
+program to other users. It also includes distributing your changed
+versions to them. Free software encourages these forms of
+cooperation, while proprietary software forbids them. It forbids
+redistribution of copies, and by denying users the source code, it
+blocks them from making changes. SaaSS has the same effects: if your
+computing is done over the web in someone else's server, by someone
+else's copy of a program, you can't see it or touch the software that
+does your computing, so you can't redistribute it or change it.</p>
+
+<h3>Conclusion</h3>
+
+<p>We deserve to have control of our own computing; how can we win
+this control? By rejecting nonfree software on the computers we own
+or regularly use, and rejecting SaaSS. By <a
+href="/licenses/license-recommendations.html"> developing free
+software</a> (for those of us who are programmers.) By refusing to
+develop or promote nonfree software or SaaSS. By <a
+href="/help">spreading these ideas to others</a>.</p>
+
+<p>We and thousands of users have done this since 1984, which is how
+we now have the free GNU/Linux operating system that
+anyone—programmer or not—can use. Join our cause, as a
+programmer or an activist. Let's make all computer users free.</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 2013 Richard Stallman</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p></p><p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2014/04/11 05:06:47 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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