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www/gnu manifesto.html
|
From: |
Pavel Kharitonov |
|
Subject: |
www/gnu manifesto.html |
|
Date: |
Mon, 23 Dec 2013 04:43:10 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Pavel Kharitonov <ineiev> 13/12/23 04:43:10
Modified files:
gnu : manifesto.html
Log message:
Add id attribute to sections RT #878075; use absolute URLs; fix the rank
of the footnote section; replace <q></q> with ”“; use
"<li id=...>" instead of "<li><a name=...></a>".
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/manifesto.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.65&r2=1.66
Patches:
Index: manifesto.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/manifesto.html,v
retrieving revision 1.65
retrieving revision 1.66
diff -u -b -r1.65 -r1.66
--- manifesto.html 10 Mar 2013 06:17:28 -0000 1.65
+++ manifesto.html 23 Dec 2013 04:43:10 -0000 1.66
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@
see the information available on our <a href="/home.html">web
server</a>, in particular our <a href="/software/software.html">list
of software</a>. For how to contribute, see <a
-href="/help/">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>. </p>
+href="/help/help.html">http://www.gnu.org/help/help.html</a>.</p>
-<h3>What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!</h3>
+<h3 id="whats-gnu">What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!</h3>
<p>
GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the
word “GNU” when it is the name of this project.</p>
-<h3>Why I Must Write GNU</h3>
+<h3 id="why-write">Why I Must Write GNU</h3>
<p>
I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
have resigned from the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent
me from giving GNU away.<a href="#f2a">(2)</a></p>
-<h3>Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix</h3>
+<h3 id="compatible">Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix</h3>
<p>
Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
Unix lacks without spoiling them. And a system compatible with Unix
would be convenient for many other people to adopt.</p>
-<h3>How GNU Will Be Available</h3>
+<h3 id="available">How GNU Will Be Available</h3>
<p>
GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
modifications will not be allowed. I want to make sure that all
versions of GNU remain free.</p>
-<h3>Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help</h3>
+<h3 id="why-help">Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help</h3>
<p>
I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and
@@ -134,11 +134,16 @@
we use software that is not free. For about half the programmers I
talk to, this is an important happiness that money cannot replace.</p>
-<h3>How You Can Contribute</h3>
+<h3 id="contribute">How You Can Contribute</h3>
<blockquote>
<p>
-(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a
href="http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects";>High Priority Projects
list</a> and the <a href="http://savannah.gnu.org/people/?type_id=1";>GNU Help
Wanted list</a>, the general task list for GNU software packages. For other
ways to help, see <a href="http://gnu.org/help/help.html";>the guide to helping
the GNU operating system</a>.)
+(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a
+href="http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects";>High Priority Projects
+list</a> and the <a href="http://savannah.gnu.org/people/?type_id=1";>GNU Help
+Wanted list</a>, the general task list for GNU software packages. For other
+ways to help, see <a href="/help/help.html">the guide to helping
+the GNU operating system</a>.)
</p>
</blockquote>
@@ -175,7 +180,7 @@
people to devote their full energies to working on GNU by sparing them
the need to make a living in another way.</p>
-<h3>Why All Computer Users Will Benefit</h3>
+<h3 id="benefit">Why All Computer Users Will Benefit</h3>
<p>
Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system
@@ -223,9 +228,9 @@
Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as
breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free.</p>
-<h3>Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals</h3>
+<h3 id="rebutted-objections">Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's
Goals</h3>
-<p>
+<p id="support">
<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means
they can't rely on any support.”</strong></p>
@@ -268,7 +273,7 @@
particular one. Meanwhile, those of us who don't need the service
should be able to use the program without paying for the service.</p>
-<p>
+<p id="advertising">
<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and
you must charge for the program to support that.”</strong></p>
@@ -291,7 +296,7 @@
really necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates
don't want to let the free market decide this?<a href="#f4">(5)</a></p>
-<p>
+<p id="competitive">
<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get
a competitive edge.”</strong></p>
@@ -309,7 +314,7 @@
I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href="#f5">(6)</a></p>
-<p>
+<p id="deserve">
<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their
creativity?”</strong></p>
@@ -320,7 +325,7 @@
creating innovative programs, by the same token they deserve to be
punished if they restrict the use of these programs.</p>
-<p>
+<p id="reward">
<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for
his creativity?”</strong></p>
@@ -347,7 +352,7 @@
does not justify depriving the world in general of all or part of that
creativity.</p>
-<p>
+<p id="starve">
<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong></p>
<p>
@@ -383,7 +388,7 @@
either. (In practice they would still make considerably more than
that.)</p>
-<p>
+<p id="right-to-control">
<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their
creativity is used?”</strong></p>
@@ -437,7 +442,7 @@
both materially and spiritually; in which a person should not do so
regardless of whether the law enables him to.</p>
-<p>
+<p id="competition">
<strong>“Competition makes things get done
better.”</strong></p>
@@ -457,7 +462,7 @@
yards you run, you can fire one shot”). He really ought to
break them up, and penalize runners for even trying to fight.</p>
-<p>
+<p id="stop-programming">
<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary
incentive?”</strong></p>
@@ -492,7 +497,7 @@
in competition with high-paying ones, but they do not have to do badly
if the high-paying ones are banned.</p>
-<p>
+<p id="desperate">
<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand
that we stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong></p>
@@ -500,7 +505,7 @@
You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand.
Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!</p>
-<p>
+<p id="living">
<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong></p>
<p>
@@ -578,13 +583,13 @@
gains in productivity to translate into less work for us.</p>
-<h4>Footnotes</h4>
+<h3 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h3>
<!-- The anchors do not match the actual footnote numbers because of
revisions over time. And if a new footnote is added, the references
to existing footnotes that follow the new one must be changed. -->
<ol>
-<li><a name="f1"></a>The wording here was careless. The intention
+<li id="f1">The wording here was careless. The intention
was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU
system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be
@@ -599,32 +604,32 @@
the better. The important thing is that everyone who has a copy has
the freedom to cooperate with others in using it.</li>
-<li><a name="f2a"></a>The expression “give away” is another
+<li id="f2a">The expression “give away” is another
indication that I had not yet clearly separated the issue of price
from that of freedom. We now recommend avoiding this expression when
talking about free software. See
-<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware">
-<q>Confusing Words and Phrases</q></a> for more explanation.</li>
+“<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware">Confusing
+Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation.</li>
-<li><a name="f2"></a>This is another place I failed to distinguish
+<li id="f2">This is another place I failed to distinguish
carefully between the two different meanings of “free”.
The statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
suggest the wrong idea.</li>
-<li><a name="f3"></a>Several such companies now exist.</li>
+<li id="f3">Several such companies now exist.</li>
-<li><a name="f4"></a> Although it is a
+<li id="f4">Although it is a
charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation for 10 years raised
most of its funds from its distribution service. You
can <a href="/order/order.html">order things from the FSF</a>
to support its work.
</li>
-<li><a name="f5"></a>A group of computer companies pooled funds
+<li id="f5">A group of computer companies pooled funds
around 1991 to support maintenance of the GNU C Compiler.</li>
-<li><a name="f8"></a>I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary
+<li id="f8">I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary
software was the most common basis for making money in software.
It seems that actually the most common business model was and is
development of custom software. That does not offer the possibility
@@ -634,7 +639,7 @@
Therefore, I no longer expect that most paid programmers would earn less
in a free software world.</li>
-<li><a name="f6"></a>In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing
+<li id="f6">In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing
it was to speak of “the issue” of “intellectual
property”. That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
@@ -645,13 +650,13 @@
See <a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">further explanation</a> of how
this term spreads confusion and bias.</li>
-<li><a name="f7"></a>Subsequently we learned to distinguish
+<li id="f7">Subsequently we learned to distinguish
between “free software” and “freeware”. The
term “freeware” means software you are free to
redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and change the
source code, so most of it is not free software. See
-<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware">
-<q>Confusing Words and Phrases</q></a> for more explanation.</li>
+“<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware">Confusing
+Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation.</li>
</ol>
@@ -717,7 +722,7 @@
<p>Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/03/10 06:17:28 $
+$Date: 2013/12/23 04:43:10 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
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