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www/philosophy/po rieti.ru.po
From: |
Pavel Kharitonov |
Subject: |
www/philosophy/po rieti.ru.po |
Date: |
Fri, 18 Oct 2013 07:20:49 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Pavel Kharitonov <ineiev> 13/10/18 07:20:49
Added files:
philosophy/po : rieti.ru.po
Log message:
New translation.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/rieti.ru.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: rieti.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: rieti.ru.po
diff -N rieti.ru.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ rieti.ru.po 18 Oct 2013 07:20:48 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,1108 @@
+# Russian translation of http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/rieti.html
+# Copyright (C) 2003 Richard Stallman
+# Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Ineiev <address@hidden>, 2013
+# this translation lacks appropriate review
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: rieti.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-10-03 12:25-0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-10-16 17:51+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Ineiev <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: ru\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"The Future of Jiyuna Software, 21 April 2003 - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑдÑÑее ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU -
Фонд Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного "
+"обеÑпеÑениÑ"
+
+# type: Attribute 'title' of: <link>
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "The Future of Jiyuna Software"
+msgstr "ÐÑдÑÑее ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Keynote Speech by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\"><strong>Richard "
+"Stallman</strong></a>"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑкÑÑваÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑеÑÑ <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\">Ð
иÑаÑда СÑолмена</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <pre>
+#, no-wrap
+msgid ""
+" (Transcript)\n"
+"\n"
+"Date: \t21 April 2003 \n"
+"Venue: Seminar Room, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry\n"
+"(RIETI), (Annex 11th Floor, 1121 Ministry of Economy, Trade and\n"
+"Industry (METI))\n"
+msgstr ""
+" (ÐапиÑÑ)\n"
+"ÐаÑа: 21 апÑÐµÐ»Ñ 2003 года\n"
+"ÐеÑÑо: СеминаÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð°ÑдиÑоÑиÑ, ÐÐÐ
Ñкономики, ÑоÑговли и пÑомÑÑленноÑÑи\n"
+"(RIETI), (ФлигелÑ, 11 ÑÑаж, 1121, ÐиниÑÑеÑÑÑво
Ñкономики, ÑоÑговли\n"
+"пÑомÑÑленноÑÑи (METI))\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Mr. Richard Stallman, GNU Project: I am going to speak about free software "
+"and, first of all, its ethical, social and political significance, and "
+"secondly, something about its economic consequences."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐиÑÑÐµÑ Ð Ð¸ÑаÑд СÑолмен, пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU: Ñ
ÑобиÑаÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑÑ Ð¾ ÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑаммаÑ
и, пÑежде вÑего, иÑ
ÑÑиÑеÑкой,
ÑоÑиалÑной и полиÑиÑеÑкой "
+"знаÑимоÑÑи, а заÑем немного об иÑ
ÑкономиÑеÑкиÑ
поÑледÑÑвиÑÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Free software is a matter of freedom. The English word “free” "
+"does not make this clear because it has two meanings. In your language, "
+"fortunately, you have two different words. So, if you say jiyu na sofuto, it "
+"is very clear that you are not talking about the price, you are talking "
+"about freedom. So, I urge you, always use your unambiguous word and not our "
+"unclear word when you are talking about free software in Japanese."
+msgstr ""
+"СвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑазÑмеваÑÑ
ÑвободÑ. РанглийÑком Ñлово “"
+"ÑвободнÑй” вÑÑÐ°Ð¶Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑо не ÑовÑем ÑÑно,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ два "
+"знаÑениÑ. Ð ÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, в ваÑем ÑзÑке еÑÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ð°
ÑазнÑÑ
Ñлова. Так ÑÑо еÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"говоÑиÑе “Ð´Ð¶Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑоÑÑÑо”, Ñо
пÑеделÑно ÑÑно, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ говоÑиÑе "
+"о Ñене, Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑе о Ñвободе. Так ÑÑо Ñ
наÑÑоÑÑелÑно ÑекомендÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ вÑегда "
+"ÑпоÑÑеблÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñе однознаÑное Ñлово, а не
наÑе неÑÑное Ñлово, когда Ð²Ñ "
+"говоÑиÑе о ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
по-ÑпонÑки."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The reason for having free software is very simple: to live in freedom and, "
+"in particular, to be free to treat other people decently. Non-free software "
+"says that you are helpless and divided. It says you cannot even tell what "
+"the program does; you are supposed to take the developer's word for it; and "
+"often they will not tell you what it really does. And if you do not like it, "
+"you cannot change it. Even if the developer made his best sincere effort to "
+"make the program useful, nobody is perfect. I could write a program, and you "
+"might find it halfway good for what you want. Perhaps I wrote it for "
+"somewhat different purposes, not the same as your purposes. Nobody can "
+"anticipate everything. Perhaps I did it the way I thought was best, but you "
+"have a better idea. Nobody can always get everything right."
+msgstr ""
+"СвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½ÑÐ¶Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ оÑенÑ
пÑоÑÑой пÑиÑине: ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑ Ñвободно и, в "
+"ÑаÑÑноÑÑи, обладаÑÑ Ñвободой пÑилиÑно
обÑаÑаÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð´ÑÑгими лÑдÑми. "
+"ÐеÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑ, ÑÑо вÑ
беÑпомоÑÐ½Ñ Ð¸ ÑазобÑенÑ. Ðни ознаÑаÑÑ, "
+"ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ можеÑе даже знаÑÑ, ÑÑо делаеÑ
пÑогÑамма; вам полагаеÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑиÑÑ Ð² "
+"ÑÑом ÑазÑабоÑÑÐ¸ÐºÑ Ð½Ð° Ñлово; а они ÑаÑÑо не
говоÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼, ÑÑо она в "
+"дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи делаеÑ. РеÑли она вам не
нÑавиÑÑÑ, Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ можеÑе ее "
+"измениÑÑ. Ðаже еÑли Ð±Ñ ÑазÑабоÑÑик
иÑкÑенне делал вÑе, ÑÑо ÑолÑко мог, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ "
+"ÑделаÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾Ð¹, ÑовеÑÑенÑÑво
недоÑÑижимо. Я мог Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, а Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ Ð±Ñ ÑÑеÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ
Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ
одÑÑей Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, ÑÑо вам "
+"надо. Ðозможно, Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñал ее Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½ÐµÑколÑко
дÑÑгиÑ
Ñелей, оÑлиÑнÑÑ
Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑиÑ
. "
+"ÐикÑо не Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð²Ñего пÑедÑÑмоÑÑеÑÑ.
Ðозможно, Ñ Ñделал ÑÑо Ñак, как ÑÑиÑал "
+"наилÑÑÑим, но Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÑе.
ÐикÑо не Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð²Ñегда во вÑем "
+"пÑав."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"With non-free software you are stuck. You have to take it the way it is. You "
+"have to suffer with it. And most important with non-free software, you are "
+"forbidden to share with other people. Society depends on people helping each "
+"other. It is useful to live with neighbors who will help you when you ask "
+"for help. Of course, not always, nobody is forced to help another person, "
+"but if you are friends with people, often they will help you out. So, of "
+"course, we had better help other people if we want them to help us."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑли пÑогÑамма неÑвободна, Ñо Ð²Ñ Ð² ÑÑпике.
Ðам пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑинимаÑÑ ÐµÐµ "
+"Ñакой, ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð° еÑÑÑ. Ðам пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ
вÑноÑиÑÑ ÑÑо. Ð Ñамое важное в "
+"неÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
— ÑÑо вам
запÑеÑено обмениваÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ñ "
+"дÑÑгими лÑдÑми. ÐбÑеÑÑво завиÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ
ÑеловеÑеÑкой взаимопомоÑи. Ðолезно жиÑÑ "
+"Ñ ÑоÑедÑми, коÑоÑÑе помогÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼, когда вÑ
попÑоÑиÑе помоÑи. ÐонеÑно, не "
+"вÑегда — никого не пÑинÑждаÑÑ
помогаÑÑ Ð´ÑÑÐ³Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ, но еÑли Ð²Ñ Ñ "
+"ними пÑиÑÑели, Ñо они неÑедко бÑдÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñ
вÑÑÑÑаÑÑ. Так ÑÑо, конеÑно, нам "
+"лÑÑÑе помогаÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгим, еÑли Ð¼Ñ Ñ
оÑим,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ помогали нам."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So what is it like when someone says you are prohibited from helping someone "
+"else? Here is this useful knowledge, and you could help your neighbor by "
+"sharing it, but you are forbidden to share with other people. This is "
+"attacking the bonds of society, dissolving society into isolated individuals "
+"who cannot help each other."
+msgstr ""
+"Таким обÑазом, как ÑÑо вÑглÑдиÑ, когда
кÑо-Ñо говоÑиÑ, ÑÑо вам запÑеÑено "
+"помогаÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ-Ñо дÑÑгомÑ? ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾Ðµ
знание, и Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"ÑоÑедÑ, поделивÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼, но вам запÑеÑено
делиÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð´ÑÑгими лÑдÑми. ÐÑо "
+"вÑпад пÑоÑив обÑеÑÑвеннÑÑ
Ñз, Ñазложение
обÑеÑÑва на изолиÑованнÑе "
+"лиÑноÑÑи, коÑоÑÑе не могÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑÑ Ð´ÑÑг
дÑÑгÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Free software is the contrast to this. Free software means that you have "
+"four essential freedoms. Freedom zero is the freedom to run the program for "
+"any purpose, in any way that you want to. Freedom one is the freedom to help "
+"yourself by studying the source code to see what the program does and then "
+"changing it to suit your needs. Freedom two is the freedom to help you "
+"neighbor by distributing copies to others. And freedom three is the freedom "
+"to help build your community by publishing an improved version so others can "
+"use your version instead, so others can get the benefit of your help. With "
+"these freedoms, the users control the software they use. If these freedoms "
+"are lacking, then the [software] owner controls the software and controls "
+"the users."
+msgstr ""
+"Со ÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами вÑе наобоÑоÑ.
СвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑ, ÑÑо Ñ "
+"Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÑеÑÑÑе ÑÑÑеÑÑвеннÑÑ
ÑвободÑ.
Свобода Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ñ — Ñвобода "
+"вÑполнÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð»Ñбой ÑелÑÑ, лÑбÑм
обÑазом, как вам Ñгодно. Свобода "
+"один — Ñвобода помогаÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñебе,
изÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¸ÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ, Ñ Ñем "
+"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÑ, ÑÑо Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамма, а
заÑем измениÑÑ ÐµÐµ под Ñвои нÑждÑ. "
+"Свобода два — Ñвобода помогаÑÑ
ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑоÑедÑ, ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ "
+"ÑÑеди дÑÑгиÑ
. Ð Ñвобода ÑÑи — Ñвобода
помогаÑÑ ÑÑÑоиÑÑ Ñвое "
+"ÑообÑеÑÑво, пÑбликÑÑ ÑлÑÑÑеннÑе веÑÑии,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð´ÑÑгие могли пеÑейÑи на ваÑÑ "
+"веÑÑиÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð´ÑÑгие могли извлекаÑÑ
полÑÐ·Ñ Ð¸Ð· ваÑей помоÑи. ÐÑи ÑÑиÑ
ÑÑеÑ
"
+"ÑвободаÑ
полÑзоваÑели конÑÑолиÑÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÑми они полÑзÑÑÑÑÑ. ÐÑли "
+"ÑÑиÑ
Ñвобод недоÑÑаеÑ, Ñо владелеÑ
[пÑогÑаммÑ] конÑÑолиÑÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ "
+"полÑзоваÑелей."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We all know that computers do not make decisions themselves really. They do "
+"what people told them to do. But which people told them what to do? When you "
+"are using your computer, can you tell it what to do, or is someone else "
+"telling it what to do? Who controls your computer? This is the question of "
+"free software. The freedoms in the definition of free software, freedoms "
+"zero, one, two and three, the reason why these are the freedoms that matter "
+"is because these are the freedoms necessary for citizens to control their "
+"own computers. You need freedom zero in order to be able to do whatever job "
+"you want with your computer. You need freedom one so that you can make the "
+"software do what you want it to do. If you do not have freedom one, you are "
+"stuck; you are a prisoner of your software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑе Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÐµÐ¼, ÑÑо в дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи
компÑÑÑеÑÑ Ñами не пÑинимаÑÑ ÑеÑений. Ðни "
+"делаÑÑ Ñо, ÑÑо им Ñказали лÑди. Ðо какие
лÑди Ñказали им, ÑÑо делаÑÑ? Ðогда "
+"Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзÑеÑеÑÑ Ñвоим компÑÑÑеÑом, можеÑе
ли Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑÑ ÐµÐ¼Ñ, ÑÑо делаÑÑ, или "
+"ÑÑо ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÑо-Ñо дÑÑгой? ÐÑо
конÑÑолиÑÑÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑеÑ? ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð² Ñем "
+"вопÑÐ¾Ñ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм. Ð¡Ð²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð²
опÑеделении ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ "
+"нолÑ, один, два и ÑÑи, пÑиÑина, по коÑоÑой
именно они важнÑ, ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñом, "
+"ÑÑо ÑÑо ÑвободÑ, необÑ
одимÑе гÑажданам
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑолиÑоваÑÑ Ñвои "
+"ÑобÑÑвеннÑе компÑÑÑеÑÑ. Свобода Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼
нÑжна, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð² ÑоÑÑоÑнии "
+"ÑеÑаÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ Ñгодно задаÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ñвоем
компÑÑÑеÑе. Свобода один вам нÑжна, "
+"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ заÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ
делаÑÑ Ñо, ÑÑо вам Ñгодно. ÐÑли Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ "
+"Ð½ÐµÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½, Ð²Ñ Ð² ÑÑпике; Ð²Ñ Ñзник
ÑвоиÑ
пÑогÑамм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But not everybody is a programmer. If we had just freedom one, then "
+"programmers could change the software to do what they want. But if each "
+"programmer had to make his changes personally, we would not really have much "
+"control. We would be limited to what each of us, individually, could do. Non-"
+"programmers would get no benefit at all. That is why freedom three and two "
+"are crucial, because freedoms two and three allow a group of users to work "
+"together and make the software do what they jointly want. So you are not "
+"limited to changing it individually, personally."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо не каждÑй из Ð½Ð°Ñ — пÑогÑаммиÑÑ.
ÐÑли Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±Ñла ÑолÑко "
+"Ñвобода один, Ñо пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ бÑ
пÑавиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ñе делали, "
+"ÑÑо им Ñгодно. Ðо еÑли каждомÑ
пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑиÑ
одилоÑÑ Ð±Ñ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑиÑÑ
Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ "
+"лиÑно, Ñо в дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑи
не бÑло Ð±Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑолÑ. ÐÑ Ð±Ñли Ð±Ñ "
+"огÑаниÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ñем, ÑÑо Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ñй
из наÑ, по оÑделÑноÑÑи. "
+"ÐепÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ полÑÑили Ð±Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð¾Ð±Ñе
никакой полÑзÑ. ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñвобода ÑÑи "
+"и два жизненно Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ñ — поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð° и ÑÑи позволÑÑÑ "
+"гÑÑппе полÑзоваÑелей ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð²Ð¼ÐµÑÑе и
заÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ Ñо, ÑÑо "
+"ÑÑи полÑзоваÑели ÑовмеÑÑно желаÑÑ. Так
ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ огÑаниÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑнÑми, "
+"индивидÑалÑнÑми изменениÑми."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"You and 50 other people who want the same thing, you can get together. If "
+"two or three of you are programmers, they can make the changes, and then "
+"they can distribute it to all the rest of you. You could all put money in "
+"and pay a programmer to make the changes you want. Your company could pay a "
+"programmer to make the changes your company wants. Then if you publish the "
+"improved version, everybody can use it. Thus, all of society gets control "
+"over what its software does."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ Ð¸ пÑÑÑдеÑÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
лÑдей, коÑоÑÑе Ñ
оÑÑÑ
одного и Ñого же — Ð²Ñ "
+"можеÑе обÑединиÑÑÑÑ. ÐÑли двое или ÑÑое из
Ð²Ð°Ñ — пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ, "
+"они могÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑовиÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, а заÑем
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑаниÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
ÑÑеди вÑеÑ
"
+"оÑÑалÑнÑÑ
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оплаÑиÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑÑа, коÑоÑÑй "
+"подгоÑовил Ð±Ñ Ð½ÑжнÑе вам изменениÑ. ÐаÑа
ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð° Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑиÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑаммиÑÑа, коÑоÑÑй подгоÑовил бÑ
изменениÑ, нÑжнÑе ваÑей компании. ÐаÑем, "
+"еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑбликÑеÑе ÑÑÑ ÑлÑÑÑеннÑÑ
веÑÑиÑ, ÐµÑ ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ñй. "
+"Таким обÑазом, вÑе обÑеÑÑво полÑÑаеÑ
конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ Ñем, ÑÑо делаÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Free software is a method, a democratic method, for deciding the development "
+"of software. But it is democratic in an unusual way, because we do not hold "
+"an election and then tell everybody what to do. Nobody tells people what to "
+"do in the free software community; everybody makes his own decision. But "
+"what happens is this: If many people want the software to improve in that "
+"direction, many people will work on changing it, so the software will "
+"develop rapidly in that direction. If a few people want the software to "
+"develop in that direction, a few of them will make an effort, so it will "
+"develop slowly in that direction. If nobody wants it to develop in that "
+"direction, it will not. By each of us deciding what we are going to do, we "
+"all contribute to what happens and to deciding which direction the software "
+"will develop."
+msgstr ""
+"СвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — ÑÑо меÑод,
демокÑаÑиÑеÑкий меÑод, пÑинÑÑÐ¸Ñ "
+"ÑеÑений о ÑазвиÑии пÑогÑамм. Ðо он
демокÑаÑиÑен необÑÑнÑм обÑазом, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ пÑоводим вÑбоÑÑ, а поÑом говоÑим
вÑем, ÑÑо делаÑÑ. Ð ÑообÑеÑÑве "
+"Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ
никÑо не говоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð»ÑдÑм, ÑÑо делаÑÑ; "
+"каждÑй пÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÐµÑ Ñвое ÑобÑÑвенное
ÑеÑение. Ðо пÑоиÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ñ ÑÑо: еÑли "
+"многие Ñ
оÑÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамма ÑлÑÑÑалаÑÑ
в каком-Ñо напÑавлении, многие "
+"бÑдÑÑ ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ее изменением, Ñак ÑÑо
пÑогÑамма бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑÑÑемиÑелÑно "
+"ÑазвиваÑÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÑом напÑавлении. ÐÑли
неÑколÑко Ñеловек Ñ
оÑÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ "
+"пÑогÑамма ÑазвивалаÑÑ Ð² каком-Ñо
напÑавлении, некоÑоÑÑе из ниÑ
бÑдÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑи "
+"ÑабоÑÑ, Ñак ÑÑо она бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑазвиваÑÑÑÑ Ð²
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So society collectively has control over how the software will develop "
+"overall. But you, individually, or any group or company can decide how to "
+"develop it themselves. The result is that free software tends to do what "
+"users want, instead of what the developers want."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"People often ask, “If everybody is free to change the software, what "
+"does that do for compatibility?” Well the fact is, users like "
+"compatibility. It is not the only thing they like. Sometimes, certain users "
+"want an incompatible change because it has other benefits, and if so they "
+"can do it. But most users want compatibility. The result is most free "
+"software developers try very hard to be compatible. Guess what would happen "
+"if I made an incompatible difference in my program and the users did not "
+"like it."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"Some user would change the program and make it compatible, and then most "
+"users would prefer his version. So his version would become popular and mine "
+"would be forgotten. Now, I do not want that to happen, of course. I want "
+"people to like and use my version, so I am going to recognize this in "
+"advance and I am going to make my version compatible from the beginning "
+"because I want people to like it. So in our community, the developers cannot "
+"resist what the users want. We have to go along or the users will go where "
+"they want and leave us behind."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"powerful, they can impose incompatibility and they are so powerful that the "
+"users cannot do anything. Microsoft is famous for this. They make an "
+"incompatible change in a protocol, and then the users are stuck with it. But "
+"it is not just Microsoft. Consider WAP, for instance. WAP contains modified "
+"versions of ordinary Internet protocols, modified to be incompatible, and "
+"the idea was they would make these telephones and they would say “they "
+"can talk on the Internet”, but since they did not use the ordinary "
+"Internet protocols, the incompatibility would be imposed on the user. That "
+"was their plan. It did not work, fortunately. But that is the danger you "
+"face when the users are not really in control: Somebody will try to impose "
+"incompatibility on the users."
+msgstr ""
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"explained that level of it. It also has economic consequences. For instance, "
+"non-free software can be used to create very rich companies, where a few "
+"people collect money from everyone around the world, and those few get very "
+"rich and other people are deprived. There are many countries (Japan is not "
+"one of them, I guess) where the people who can afford a computer usually "
+"cannot afford to pay for the non-free software, for permission to use the "
+"non-free software. So in those countries, non-free software as a system "
+"creates tremendous deprivation. But in any country, money is squeezed out of "
+"most people and concentrated to a few who become very rich by non-free "
+"software. With free software, you cannot do that. You cannot squeeze a lot "
+"of money out of people, but you can do business with people as long as you "
+"are providing them with a real service."
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"to make money through free software. So I said, “Pay me $150, and I "
+"will mail you a tape with the GNU Emacs text editor.” People started "
+"paying me, and I mailed them tapes. I made enough money to live on. I "
+"stopped this because I started the Free Software Foundation, and it seemed "
+"appropriate for the Free Software Foundation to start distributing GNU "
+"Emacs. I did not want to compete with the Free Software Foundation, so I had "
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+"this way to pay several employees, including programmers. So actually, if I "
+"had done it myself, I would probably have become comfortably well off by "
+"selling copies of free software."
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+"After that, I started another free software business where I would make "
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+msgstr ""
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+"all. With free software, you have those two choices, but you have another "
+"choice also, actually many different choices. You can make changes, bigger "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"yourself. But suppose you are not a programmer. Then, you can pay a "
+"programmer to make the changes for you. For instance, if this ministry is "
+"using a program and people conclude this program does not work the way we "
+"really want, you could easily spend some money to pay a programmer to change "
+"it to do what you want. This is the kind of free software business that I "
+"was doing for several years in the 1980s. (I could have kept on doing it, "
+"but I received a big prize and I did not have to do it anymore.)"
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"Nowadays there are many people making a living this way. I recently heard "
+"from somebody in South America who said that he know 30 people there who are "
+"making a living this way. South America is not among the technologically "
+"most advanced parts of the world, but this is already starting there. In "
+"1989 or 1990, I believe, a company was started to do this kind of business, "
+"and that company was started by three people. In several years it had grown "
+"to 50 people, and it had been profitable every year. They could have kept on "
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+"would free software affect employment. Suppose every computer user had "
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+"words, if you have the program, you have the freedom to run it, study it, "
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+"client. That is perfectly okay; as long as the client gets the source code "
+"and gets the full rights to control the software once he has paid for it, "
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So of this fraction that is programming, most of that is custom software; "
+"software to be published is a small fraction of a small fraction of the "
+"total [IT sector employment]."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ñа долÑ, коÑоÑÑÑ ÑоÑÑавлÑеÑ
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So, what would free software do? It might eliminate this tiny fraction of "
+"the employment, but maybe not. Because while the possibility of paying these "
+"programmers by restricting the users would go away, there would be a new "
+"possibility instead of supporting programmers who would be paid to make "
+"improvements and extensions in free software. So will we lose more jobs or "
+"gain more jobs? Nobody knows. It is impossible to tell. What we do know is "
+"that the decrease in employment in the IT field is limited to this small "
+"fraction of a small fraction, which is programming for publication. The rest "
+"would continue the way it is now. So it is clear that there is no problem "
+"for employment."
+msgstr ""
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"What about another issue people sometimes raise: Could we possibly develop "
+"enough software and make it free? The answer is obvious because we already "
+"are. The people who ask this question are like asking could airplanes really "
+"stay up? Well, I flew in one. Probably all of you have flown in airplanes "
+"too. I think they can stay up. In free software today, we have hundreds of "
+"people, maybe thousands, getting paid to develop free software. But we have "
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+"and not getting paid and developing a lot of software."
+msgstr ""
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"So in fact, free software business is not necessary for free software to do "
+"its job. Free software business is very desirable. The more we can develop "
+"institutions that funnel funds from users to free software developers, the "
+"more free software we can produce, the better we can produce it. So it is "
+"certainly desirable, but it is not crucial. We have already developed two "
+"entire operating systems, two graphical user interface desktops and two "
+"office suites that are free software."
+msgstr ""
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+"People are creatively looking for ways to fund free software, and some "
+"[ways] work and some do not, as you might expect. For instance, last summer, "
+"there was a product that people had liked but was non-free called Blender, "
+"and the business decided it was no use supporting this or selling this "
+"anymore. They discontinued it. But the developers did not want it to be "
+"discontinued, so they negotiated a deal: If they could raise $100,000, they "
+"could buy the rights and make it free software. So they went to the "
+"community, and in a few weeks they raised the money. Blender is now free "
+"software. This suggests that maybe we can raise money from the community in "
+"the same way to make specific extensions."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"A programmer who has a name, a reputation for ability, could go to the "
+"community and say, “If people put up this much money, I will do the "
+"work.” He does not have to do the work entirely himself. He can employ "
+"other programmers working with him, and this is how you would get started. "
+"Before you have a name, before you could go to the community on the strength "
+"of your own reputation, you could be working as an apprentice for other "
+"programmers. They raise the funds, they supervise the work, but by doing "
+"this, eventually you develop a reputation too, and then you can go and get "
+"clients."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"There are also, of course, legitimate roles for government funding in "
+"developing useful software, just as governments fund scientific research "
+"designed to be of use to the citizens, and even just for the sake of human "
+"curiosity, but certainly to be of use for the citizens, for the public. It "
+"is equally legitimate for governments to fund the development of software "
+"that is going be of use to the public, and then when it is done, hand it off "
+"to the public and say, “Everyone can now use and improve this. It is "
+"human knowledge.” Because that is what free software is really about. "
+"It is human knowledge, knowledge that belongs to humanity, to all beings. A "
+"non-free program is restricted knowledge, knowledge that is kept under "
+"control by a few, and other people cannot really have access to it. They can "
+"only use it barely on sufferance. They can never have the knowledge."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"For this reason, it is essential that schools use free software. There are "
+"three reasons why schools should use exclusively free software. The most "
+"shallow reason is to save money. Even in a developed country, schools never "
+"have enough money, and so the use of computers in schools is held back. Now, "
+"if the schools use free software, then the school system has the freedom to "
+"make copies and redistribute them to all the schools and they do not have to "
+"pay for permission to use the software. So the school system can thus "
+"install more computers, make more facilities available. In addition, the GNU "
+"plus Linux operating system is more efficient than Windows, so you can use "
+"an older, less powerful, cheaper model of computer. Maybe you can use a "
+"second-hand computer that somebody else is getting rid of. So that is "
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+"A more important reason for schools to use free software is for the sake of "
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+"learn everything there is to know about the inside of the computer system. "
+"These are the people who can become good programmers. If you want to develop "
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+"big team in a rather mechanical way, but people who will take the "
+"initiative, do big things, develop powerful, exciting programs, then you "
+"need to encourage the impulse to do that, whenever a kid has that impulse. "
+"So it is important to provide facilities and a social milieu that encourages "
+"this kind of learning to develop."
+msgstr ""
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"The way to do this is the schools should run free software, and whenever a "
+"kid starts wondering, “How does this actually work?” the teacher "
+"can say, “This is done by the Fubar program. You can find the source "
+"code of the Fubar program there. Go read it and figure it out, see for "
+"yourself how this works.” Then if a kid says, “You know, I have "
+"got an idea for how this could be better,” the teacher could say, "
+"“Why not give it a try? Try writing it. Make the change in the Fubar "
+"program to change this one feature.”"
+msgstr ""
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+"ÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑобенноÑÑÑ”."
+
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+"To learn to be a good writer, you have to read a lot and write a lot. It is "
+"the same if you are writing software: You have to read a lot of software and "
+"write a lot of software. To learn to understand big programs, you have to "
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+"beginning, you cannot write a big program yourself, not and do a good job, "
+"because you have not learned how. So how are you going to learn? The answer "
+"is you have to read existing big programs and then try making small changes "
+"in them. Because at that stage, you cannot write a big program yourself, but "
+"you can write a small improvement in a big program."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"That is how I learned to be a good programmer. I had a special opportunity "
+"at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. There was a lab where they had "
+"written their own operating system, and then they used it. I went there and "
+"they said, “We would like to hire you.” They hired me to improve "
+"the programs in this operating system. It was my second year of college. At "
+"the time, I could not have written an operating system myself. I could not "
+"have written those programs from zero, but I could read them and add a "
+"feature and then add another feature and another and another."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Every week I would add another feature to some program. By doing this many, "
+"many times, I developed my skill. In the 1970s, the only way you could get "
+"that opportunity was to be in a very special place. But today, we can give "
+"that opportunity to everyone. All you need is a PC running the GNU/Linux "
+"system with the source code, and you have this opportunity. So you can "
+"easily encourage Japanese teenagers, those of them who are fascinated by "
+"computers, to become good programmers."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"students so that they learned to become good programmers. Several of them "
+"were very good programmers with reputations by the time they graduated from "
+"high school. I am sure any high school has a few people who have that talent "
+"and will want to develop it. They just need the opportunity. So that is the "
+"second reason why schools should use free software exclusively."
+msgstr ""
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"prepared to help other people. That means the school should say to the kids, "
+"“Any software that is here, you can copy it. Copy it and take it home. "
+"That is what it is here for. If you bring any software to school, you must "
+"share it with the other kids. If you are not willing to share it with the "
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+"teaching kids to be helpful to each other.” Education of moral "
+"character is important for every society."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"would say, “Do you know anything to solve this problem?” and "
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+"developed, so that they could all develop more. But in the 1960s, there was "
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+"users, to deny users freedom."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"said, “This is an educational institution, and we are here for people "
+"to learn about computer science. So we will have a rule: any time software "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+msgstr ""
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"By working together, we can eliminate that sacrifice. We can make it easier "
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+"Washington, the money will circulate in the region, creating employment "
+"locally instead of filling somebody's pockets. But more important, it "
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+"ÑвободнÑ."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr " "
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden"
+"\"><em>address@hidden</em></a>. There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other "
+"ways to contact</a> the FSF."
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+"\">дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ</a> Ñ Ñондом."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+"Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to <a href="
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+"address@hidden></a>."
+
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+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
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+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright © 2003 Richard M. Stallman."
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 2003 Richard Stallman<br />Copyright © 2013 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://"
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑо пÑоизведение доÑÑÑпно по <a rel=\"license\"
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+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
- www/philosophy/po rieti.ru.po,
Pavel Kharitonov <=