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From: |
GNUN |
Subject: |
www/philosophy third-party-ideas.ru.html po/thi... |
Date: |
Sun, 25 Nov 2012 07:05:17 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 12/11/25 07:05:17
Added files:
philosophy : third-party-ideas.ru.html
philosophy/po : third-party-ideas.ru-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/third-party-ideas.ru.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
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Patches:
Index: third-party-ideas.ru.html
===================================================================
RCS file: third-party-ideas.ru.html
diff -N third-party-ideas.ru.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
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+
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ru.html" -->
+
+<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
+ <!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/third-party-ideas.en.html" -->
+
+<title>ФилоÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU - пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного
+обеÑпеÑениÑ</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ru.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/third-party-ideas.translist" -->
+<div id="education-content">
+<h2 id="ThirdPartyIdeas">Ðдеи ÑÑеÑÑиÑ
ÑÑоÑон</h2>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/philosophy-menu.ru.html" -->
+</div>
+
+<!-- id="education-content" -->
+<p>
+ÐÑи ÑÑаÑÑи пÑедÑÑавлÑÑÑ ÑилоÑоÑÑкие
воззÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
лÑдей в полÑзÑ
+ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм или заÑÑагиваÑÑие
ÑвÑзаннÑе Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ вопÑоÑÑ. ÐÑи лÑди не
+говоÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñа пÑоекÑа GNU — но мÑ
более или менее ÑоглаÑÐ½Ñ Ñ
+ними.</p>
+
+<p>
+ФилоÑоÑÑкие воззÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
<a
+href="/links/links.html#FreedomOrganizations"> оÑганизаÑий,
ÑодейÑÑвÑÑÑиÑ
+Ñвободе в ÑазвиÑии вÑÑиÑлиÑелÑной ÑеÑ
ники
и ÑлекÑÑоннÑÑ
ÑообÑений</a>, Ñакже
+поддеÑживаÑÑ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸
заÑÑагиваÑÑ ÑвÑзаннÑе Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ пÑоблемÑ.</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li>ТимоÑи Ð. Ðи. <a
+href="http://freedom-to-tinker.com/blog/tblee/trouble-free-riding">
ÐÑоблема
+безбилеÑников</a></li>
+
+ <li><a
+href="http://www.cato-unbound.org/2008/06/09/rasmus-fleischer/the-future-of-copyright/">
+ÐÑдÑÑее авÑоÑÑкого пÑава</a>, оÑеÑк РаÑмÑÑа
ФлейÑеÑа.</li>
+
+ <li>ÐедÑо Резенде, УнивеÑÑиÑÐµÑ ÐÑазилии. <a
+href="http://www.cic.unb.br/docentes/pedro/trabs/stockholm.html">
ЦиÑÑовой
+ÑÑокголÑмÑкий ÑиндÑом</a>: ÑазмÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾
пÑиÑ
ологиÑеÑком оÑклике на ÑилÑ
+ÑÑнка.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://questioncopyright.org">
+QuestionCopyright.org</a> — ÑÐ°Ð¹Ñ Ð¾Ð± иÑÑоÑии и
ÑезÑлÑÑаÑаÑ
+дейÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкого пÑава, ÑелÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑого
ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñведомление обÑеÑÑва о
+вÑеднÑÑ
поÑледÑÑвиÑÑ
ÑегоднÑÑней ÑиÑÑемÑ
авÑоÑÑкого пÑава.</li>
+ <li>
+ ÐоÑи ÐокÑоÑоÑ. <a
+href="http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196601781">
+Ðак Vista позволÑÐµÑ Microsoft замÑкаÑÑ
+полÑзоваÑелей</a>. <strong>ÐамеÑание:</strong> мÑ
ÑÑиÑаем оÑибкой
+ÑпоÑÑебление вÑажеÑкиÑ
благопÑиÑÑно
звÑÑаÑиÑ
пÑопагандиÑÑÑкиÑ
ÑеÑминов,
+ÑакиÑ
, как “довеÑеннÑе вÑÑиÑлениє,
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð²ÑедоноÑного
+плана.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a href="http://www.movingtofreedom.org/">movingtofreedom.org</a>, блог
+СкоÑÑа ÐаÑпенÑеÑа, ÑодеÑжаÑий множеÑÑво
ÑÑаÑей по вопÑоÑам, ÑвÑзаннÑм Ñо
+Ñвободой.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/194701/"> ÐаÑа ÑÑоков на
ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑиÑков,
+ÑвÑзаннÑÑ
Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами</a>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a
+href="http://southflorida.bizjournals.com/southflorida/stories/2006/07/03/story8.html">
+Ðногие вÑаÑи оÑÑÐµÐ·Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñей докÑоÑом
ÐоÑÑом</a>: пÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑ Ñого, как
+неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð°ÑÑ ÑазÑабоÑÑикам
неÑпÑаведливÑÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´
+полÑзоваÑелÑми.
+ </li>
+ <li>Ðжимми УÑлÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÑнÑеÑ, поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ <a
+href="http://blog.jimmywales.com/index.php/archives/2004/10/21/free-knowledge-requires-free-software-and-free-file-formats/">
+Свободное знание ÑÑебÑÐµÑ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм и ÑвободнÑÑ
ÑоÑмаÑов
+Ñайлов</a>. Ðн Ñакже ÑаÑÑказÑваеÑ, поÑемÑ
нÑжно, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ <a
+href="http://www.wikipedia.org"> Ðикипедии</a> бÑли
ÑвободнÑми.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.juergen-ernst.de/info_swpat_en.html"> ÐаÑенÑÑ
на
+пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ микÑоÑкопом</a>. Ð ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑе
авÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзÑеÑÑÑ Ð°ÑгÑменÑами,
+полÑÑеннÑми на оÑнове λ-иÑÑиÑлениÑ,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÑ, поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ
+нелÑÐ·Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑоваÑÑ.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/204641/"> СвободнÑм
ÑÑÑÑкам нÑÐ¶Ð½Ñ ÑвободнÑе
+пÑогÑаммÑ</a>, пеÑедовиÑа, опиÑÑваÑÑаÑ
“обновление” пÑогÑамм,
+коÑоÑое ÑдалÑÐµÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñи
ÑадиовеÑаÑелÑнÑÑ
пеÑедаÑ.</li>
+ <li>РабоÑа ÐакÑ
ани и ÐолÑÑа <a
+href="http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf">о
+моÑиваÑии ÑазÑабоÑÑиков ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм</a> говоÑиÑ, ÑÑо знаÑиÑелÑнаÑ
+Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑивиÑÑеÑÑÑ Ð²Ð·Ð³Ð»Ñдами, ÑоглаÑно
коÑоÑÑм пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ
+ÑвободнÑми. Ð ÑÑо неÑмоÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ñо, ÑÑо они
опÑаÑивали ÑазÑабоÑÑиков на
+SourceForge — ÑайÑе, коÑоÑÑй не ÑазделÑеÑ
Ð¼Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ Ñом, ÑÑо ÑÑо
+вопÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÑики.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.theinquirer.net/?article=11663"> ÐÑоклоÑ
поÑÑÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑмо
+“доÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÐаÑлє</a>; гÑÑппа из
ÑообÑеÑÑва Ñвободного
+пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ оÑкÑÑÑого иÑÑ
одного ÑекÑÑа ÑоÑÑавило оÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°
+“ÐÑкÑÑÑое пиÑÑмо ÑÑководиÑÐµÐ»Ñ SCO ÐаÑла
Ðак-ÐÑайда ÑообÑеÑÑвÑ
+оÑкÑÑÑого иÑÑ
одного ÑекÑÑа”.</li>
+ <li><a
+href="http://web.archive.org/web/20060313152550/http://www.hardwarecentral.com/hardwarecentral/editorials/4788/1/">
+ÐппаÑаÑнÑй ÑенÑÑ [аÑÑ
ив]</a>. ÐÑ Ð½Ðµ ÑоглаÑнÑ
Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ аÑпекÑом ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑи:
+Со ÑÑоÑÐ¾Ð½Ñ Microsoft не законно помогаÑÑ
компании Disney и RIAA налагаÑÑ Ð½Ð°
+Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑовое ÑпÑавление
огÑаниÑениÑми — не болÑÑе, Ñем Ñо
ÑÑоÑонÑ
+компании Disney и RIAA законно пÑÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ
ÑÑо. ÐÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑ Ð²ÑÑиÑлиÑелÑной
+ÑеÑ
ники должна бÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑпна Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ, а не
ÑолÑко Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ»ÑÑев инÑоÑмаÑии.</li>
+
+<li>ÐÑклик на пеÑиÑÐ¸Ñ “ÐодайÑе на Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²
ÑÑд, SCO!” оÑеломил
+вÑÑÑÑпивÑего Ñ ÑÑой иниÑиаÑивой, и под
пеÑиÑией болÑÑе не ÑобиÑаÑÑ
+подпиÑи. ÐвÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑиÑии, Ðжон ÐвеÑиÑÑ,
ожидал вÑего неÑколÑко оÑвеÑов, но
+вмеÑÑо ÑÑого полÑÑил ÑÑÑÑÑи ÑÑаÑÑников. <a
+href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=6913"> РпоÑледнем
+доÑÑÑпном пÑблиÑном ÑообÑении о пеÑиÑии</a>
он пÑизÑвал лÑдей помогаÑÑ <a
+href="http://www.fsf.org">ФСÐÐ</a> вÑеми возможнÑми
ÑпоÑобами.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://proposicion.org.ar/doc/gob/Conde-281102/index.html.en">
+ÐÑÐ²ÐµÑ ÑенаÑоÑа ÐлÑбеÑÑо Ðонде</a> ÐалаÑе
пÑедпÑиÑÑий по пÑогÑаммам и
+инÑоÑмаÑионнÑм ÑÑлÑгам о законопÑоекÑе
E-135/02-03, пÑедлагаÑÑем пÑименение
+ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм в пÑблиÑном ÑекÑоÑе
пÑовинÑии ÐÑÑноÑ-ÐйÑеÑ. <a
+href="http://proposicion.org.ar/proyecto/leyes/E-135.02-03/"> ÐÑоÑ
+законопÑоекÑ</a> бÑл пÑедложен Ñамим
ÑенаÑоÑом ÐлÑбеÑÑо Ðонде.</li>
+ <li> ÐекоÑоÑÑе ÑкономиÑÑÑ ÑÑвеÑждаÑÑ, ÑÑо
авÑоÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ñ Ð¸ паÑенÑам <a
+href="http://www.reason.com/0303/fe.dc.creation.shtml"> не ÑдаеÑÑÑ
+ÑодейÑÑвоваÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑеÑÑÑ</a>, Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑодейÑÑвиÑ
коÑоÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ пÑедположиÑелÑно
+ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑ.
+<p>
+Ð ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑе пÑинимаеÑÑÑ Ñзко
ÑкономиÑеÑкий взглÑд на пÑедмеÑ;
ÑоÑиалÑнÑе
+алÑÑеÑнаÑÐ¸Ð²Ñ ÑопоÑÑавлÑÑÑÑÑ ÑолÑко по
ÑомÑ, какие ÑоваÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¿Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ какой
+Ñене, в пÑедположении, ÑÑо вÑ,
гÑажданин,— пÑоÑÑо поÑÑебиÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¸ ни во
+ÑÑо не ÑÑавиÑе ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ñебе. Ð
ней Ñакже ÑпоÑÑеблÑеÑÑÑ
+запÑÑÑваÑÑий ÑеÑмин “<a
+href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">инÑеллекÑÑалÑнаÑ
+ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑÑ</a>” — он запÑÑÑваеÑ,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð²
+Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ ÐºÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкие пÑава и паÑенÑÑ. Ð ÑÑой
ÑÑаÑÑе иÑ
Ñоже ÑваливаÑÑ Ð² однÑ
+кÑÑÑ, ÑÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑаÑÑи неÑÑÑеÑÑвенно, поÑомÑ
ÑÑо в ней игноÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑ
+(ÑазлиÑнÑе) ÑоÑиалÑнÑе вопÑоÑÑ, коÑоÑÑе
поднимаÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкие пÑава и паÑенÑÑ.
+</p><p>
+ÐеÑмоÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑи недоÑеÑÑ, ÑÑаÑÑÑ
ÑодеÑжаÑелÑна. ÐÑли можно вÑнеÑÑи ÑÑждение,
+ÑÑо авÑоÑÑкое пÑаво вÑедно даже Ñ Ñзко
ÑкономиÑеÑкой позиÑии, незавиÑимо оÑ
+ÑÑиÑеÑкой неÑпÑаведливоÑÑи запÑеÑа лÑдÑм
обмениваÑÑÑÑ, Ñо оно Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ
+ÑолÑко еÑе вÑеднее, еÑли Ð¼Ñ ÑаÑÑмоÑÑим
Ñакже ÑÑиÑеÑкÑÑ ÑÑоÑонÑ.
+</p></li>
+
+ <li>Ðве ÑÑаÑÑи ÐÑнкана Ðемпбелла
опиÑÑваÑÑ, как ÑеÑнÑе Ñ
Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÐгенÑÑÑва
+наÑионалÑной безопаÑноÑÑи бÑли ÑпÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð²
неÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
: <a
+href="http://www.heise.de/tp/english/inhalt/te/2898/1.html">
+“ÐодÑлÑÑиваÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ ÑолÑко ÐÐÐ, Ñак ÑÑо
вÑÑ Ð² поÑÑдке”</a> и <a
+href="http://www.heise.de/tp/english/inhalt/te/5263/1.html"> “Ðак в
+Windows бÑл вÑÑÑоен доÑÑÑп Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐÐД</a>.</li>
+
+ <li><a
+href="http://www.compilerpress.ca/Cultural%20Economics/Works/CPU%202000.htm">“ÐвÑоÑÑкое
+пÑаво: ÑвоÑÑÑ, владелÑÑÑ Ð¸
полÑзоваÑели”</a>. ÐÑа ÑÑаÑÑÑ ÐаÑÑи
Хилмана
+ЧаÑÑÑенда — Ñ
оÑоÑий Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾Ñ Ð¸ÑÑоÑии
авÑоÑÑкого пÑава.</li>
+
+ <li>СÑаÑÑÑ ÐÐ°Ð»Ð»Ñ Ðоллека <a
+href="http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/progress.html">
+“СодейÑÑвие ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÑедполагаеÑÑÑ Ñо
ÑÑоÑÐ¾Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð³ÑеÑÑа?”</a>
+обÑÑÑнÑеÑ, как новÑе ÑенденÑии в оÑганаÑ
влаÑÑи СоединеннÑÑ
ШÑаÑов,
+напÑавленнÑе на пÑедоÑÑавление
макÑималÑного конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑавообладаÑелÑм
+авÑоÑÑкиÑ
пÑав, ÑниÑÑожаÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð² полÑзÑ
ÑÑÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкого пÑава,
+ÑÑÑановленнÑе в конÑÑиÑÑÑии.</li>
+
+ <li>ÐонгÑеÑÑмен ÐеÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¾Ñ ÐÐ´Ð³Ð°Ñ ÐÑвид
ÐилланÑÑва ÐÑнÑез напиÑал пиÑÑмо
+ÑоÑÑÑÐ´Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Microsoft поÑле Ñого, как они
вÑÑазили озабоÑенноÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ поводÑ
+пÑедложенного законопÑоекÑа о пÑименении
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм в обÑеÑÑвенной
+админиÑÑÑаÑии. Ðно оÑлиÑно опÑовеÑгаеÑ
возÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑив ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм,
+коÑоÑÑе неÑедко вÑÐ´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÐµÑ Microsoft и дÑÑгие.
СÑÑеÑÑвÑÐµÑ <a
+href="http://web.archive.org/web/20030207075039/http://www.pimientolinux.com/peru2ms/villanueva_to_ms.html">
+английÑкий пеÑевод пиÑÑма</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>Ð 1841 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ <a
+href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2170/2170-h/2170-h.htm#2H_4_0018"> Ñ
+бÑиÑанÑкого иÑÑоÑика ТомаÑа ÐаколеÑ</a>
бÑли мÑÑли об авÑоÑÑком пÑаве,
+коÑоÑÑе до ÑиÑ
Ð¿Ð¾Ñ Ð°ÐºÑÑалÑнÑ.</li>
+
+
+ <li><a
+href="http://web.archive.org/web/20050214010807/http://www.openrevolt.org/">openrevolt.org
+[аÑÑ
ив]</a> — ÑайÑ, поÑвÑÑеннÑй
инÑоÑмиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ ÐвÑопейÑкой
+диÑекÑиве об авÑоÑÑком пÑаве и ÑомÑ
подобном законодаÑелÑÑÑве. Ðн
+ÑоÑÑедоÑоÑен на двÑÑ
пÑинÑипиалÑнÑÑ
пÑоблемаÑ
диÑекÑивÑ, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ³ÑаеÑ
+владелÑÑам авÑоÑÑкиÑ
пÑав подвеÑгаÑÑ
ÑÑÑаниÑÑ ÑайÑов Ñ Ð¿ÑовайдеÑов ÑензÑÑе и
+Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑидиÑеÑкÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑиÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑам
пÑоÑиводейÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑованиÑ.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.chillingeffects.org"> РаÑÑ
олаживаÑÑие
+ÑÑÑекÑÑ</a> — ÑоÑка ÑбоÑа Ñведомлений
Ñ ÑÑебованиÑми о
+пÑекÑаÑении, каÑаÑÑиÑ
ÑÑ ÑеÑевой
деÑÑелÑноÑÑи — Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑиглаÑаем
+поÑеÑиÑелей внеÑÑи ÑведомлениÑ, коÑоÑÑе
они полÑÑили или вÑÑлали. СайÑ
+ÑобиÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð¸Ñ
в Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ
Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ
поиÑка и добавлÑÐµÑ Ðº ним ÑÑÑлки на
+ÑазÑÑÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑидиÑеÑкиÑ
вопÑоÑов.</li>
+
+ <li>СÑаÑÑÑ Ð¨ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð½Ð° ÐоÑÑена <a
+href="http://web.archive.org/web/20020222080928/www.byte.com/documents/s=2302/byt1011380870846/">
+ÐÑогÑаммиÑование — пÑеÑÑÑпление</a>
пÑедÑÑавлÑÐµÑ Ñобой
+комменÑаÑий к ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑиговоÑÑ Ðона
ÐоÑ
анÑена за помоÑÑ Ð² напиÑании
+DeCSS.</li>
+
+ <li>ÐÐ¶ÐµÐ¹Ð¼Ñ ÐойлÑ. <a
href="http://law.duke.edu/pd/papers/boyle.pdf">ÐÑоÑое
+огоÑаживание и поÑÑÑоение обÑеÑÑвенного
доÑÑоÑниÑ</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>ÐоваÑд ÐеÑÑеÑ. <a
+href="http://besser.tsoa.nyu.edu/howard/Papers/pw-public-spaces.html">
+ÐнÑеллекÑÑалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑÑ:
нападение на обÑеÑÑвеннÑе меÑÑа в
+кибеÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑве</a>. СÑаÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑваеÑ,
как ÑазлиÑнÑе индÑÑÑÑии иÑполÑзÑÑÑ
+Ñвое пÑеимÑÑеÑÑво в авÑоÑÑкиÑ
пÑаваÑ
,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ Ð²Ñе ÑменÑÑаÑÑееÑÑ ÑиÑло
+меÑÑ Ð² ÐнÑеÑнеÑе вÑе менее и менее
обÑеÑÑвеннÑми.</li>
+
+ <li><a
+href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=267848#PaperDownload">
+“ÐеÑÑо авÑоÑÑкого пÑава в ÑенеÑаÑ
ÐеÑвой попÑавки”</a>. Ðейл
+У. ÐеÑанел доказÑваеÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑÑаÑевÑее
пÑедположение ÑÑдебной ÑиÑÑемÑ
+СоединеннÑÑ
ШÑаÑов о Ñом, ÑÑо Ñвободное
иÑполÑзование ÑÑÑÑанÑÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑликÑ
+Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑким пÑавом и ÐеÑвой
попÑавкой.</li>
+
+ <li>РиÑаÑд СÑолмен Ñ Ð´ÑÑгими подпиÑал <a
+href="http://web.archive.org/web/20030803114409/http://perens.com/Articles/StandTogether.html">ÑовмеÑÑное
+заÑвление в оÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° комменÑаÑии ÐÑейга
ÐÑнди из Microsoft [аÑÑ
ив]</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>Ð ÑÑаÑÑе <a href="/philosophy/dmarti-patent.html">
ÐаÑенÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑеÑоÑма,
+немедленно!</a> Ðон ÐаÑÑи пÑизÑваеÑ
ÑÑоÑонников Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного
+обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²ÑдвинÑÑÑ Ð Ð¸ÑаÑда
Ð. СÑолмена в ÐбÑеÑÑвеннÑй ÑовеÑаÑелÑнÑй
+комиÑÐµÑ ÐÑÑо СШРпо паÑенÑам и ÑоваÑнÑм
знакам.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/stophr3028.html"> ÐÑÑановиÑÑ H.R.
3028</a>, “ÐкÑ
+1999 года о пÑедоÑвÑаÑении
кибеÑпиÑаÑÑÑва ÑоваÑнÑÑ
знаков”.</li>
+
+ <li>“<a
+href="http://web.archive.org/web/20010410172314/http://www-personal.si.umich.edu/~beejoo/gnuproject.html">СайÑ
+FTP пÑоекÑа GNU: ЦиÑÑовой ÑбоÑник,
поддеÑживаÑÑий обÑеÑÑвенное
+движение</a>” [аÑÑ
ив]</li>
+
+ <li><a
+href="http://web.archive.org/web/20000815064842/http://oppression.nerdherd.org/Stories/1998/9810/ucla/ucla.html">UCLA
+пÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑкÑиминаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑив ÑÑÑденÑов,
полÑзÑÑÑиÑ
ÑÑ GNU/Linux</a>
+[аÑÑ
ивиÑовано]. Ðдно из иÑ
опÑавданий — поддеÑжка влаÑÑи
+владелÑÑев пÑогÑамм.</li>
+
+<!-- broken link -mohit
+ <li>
+<a href="http://members.xoom.com/jcenters/HADL.html">The Hacker
Anti-Defamation League</a></li>
+-->
+<li><a
+href="http://web.archive.org/web/19991012082619/http://simson.net/clips/98.Globe.05-07.Read_them_and_weep.htm">
+ЧиÑÐ°Ñ Ð¸Ñ
и ÑÑÐ´Ð°Ñ [аÑÑ
ив]</a>. СимÑон
ÐаÑÑинкел говоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ пÑедложеннÑÑ
+законопÑоекÑаÑ
, коÑоÑÑе наделÑÑ
владелÑÑев инÑоÑмаÑии новой необоÑимой
+влаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ огÑаниÑÐ°Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÑелÑноÑÑÑ
полÑзоваÑелей.</li>
+
+ <li>Ðайкл ШÑÑÑ. <a href="/philosophy/nonsoftware-copyleft.html">
ÐвÑоÑÑкое лево
+пÑимениÑелÑно к непÑогÑаммной
инÑоÑмаÑии</a>.</li>
+ <li>Том Халл. <a href="/philosophy/free-world.html"> ТолÑко
ÑвободнÑй Ð¼Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ
+пÑоÑивоÑÑоÑÑÑ Microsoft</a>.</li>
+ <li>Рам СамÑдÑала. <a
href="http://www.ram.org/ramblings/philosophy/fmp.html">
+ФилоÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ñвободной мÑзÑки</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>Ðомпании звÑкозапиÑи говоÑÑÑ Ð² полÑзÑ
ÑÑÐ¸Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкого пÑава, ÑÑвеÑждаÑ,
+ÑÑо они — поддеÑжка мÑзÑканÑов. <a
+href="http://www.negativland.com/albini.html"> Ð ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑе</a>
показано,
+как на Ñамом деле компании звÑкозапиÑи
обÑаÑаÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð¼ÑзÑканÑами.</li>
+
+<!-- the original link was not working, rms suggested i
+ make a temporary link -neel
+ http://www.musicisum.com/manifesto.shtml
+ -->
+<li>ÐжеÑон ÐаниеÑ. <a
href="http://www.maui.net/~zen_gtr/zgzinepg4.html">
+ÐаниÑеÑÑ: пиÑаÑÑÑво — Ñвой дÑÑг</a>.
+ <br />
+ <strong>ÐбÑаÑиÑе внимание</strong>, ÑÑо пÑоекÑ
GNU ÑекомендÑÐµÑ <a
+href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html"> избегаÑÑ</a> ÑеÑмина <a
+href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Piracy"> пиÑаÑÑÑво</a>,
поÑколÑÐºÑ ÑÑо
+подÑазÑмеваеÑ, ÑÑо обмен копиÑми Ñем или
инÑм обÑазом незаконен.</li>
+ <li>Рам СамÑдÑала. <a
+href="http://www.ram.org/ramblings/philosophy/fmp/copying_primer.html">
+ÐводнÑй кÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑике
“инÑеллекÑÑалÑной ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑи”</a>.
</li>
+ <li>Ðойд ФÑÑÑÑон. <a href="/philosophy/self-interest.html">
ÐоÑÑаÑоÑно ли
+ÑамозаинÑеÑеÑованноÑÑи Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾ÑганизаÑии
Ñвободной Ñкономики?</a></li>
+
+ <li>ÐÑаген СиÑакеÑ. <a
href="/philosophy/kragen-software.html"> ÐÑди, меÑÑа,
+веÑи и мÑÑли</a>.</li>
+ <li>РодеÑик Т. Ðонг. <a
href="http://freenation.org/a/f31l1.html">
+ÐибеÑÑаÑианÑкое дело пÑоÑив пÑав
инÑеллекÑÑалÑной ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑи</a>.
+ <br />
+ Ðвижение за Ñвободное пÑогÑаммное
обеÑпеÑение не поддеÑживаеÑ
+либеÑÑаÑианÑÑво, и <a
href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html"> мÑ
+не полноÑÑÑÑ ÑоглаÑнÑ</a> Ñ ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑей. Ðо
она полезна Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑовеÑжениÑ
+одного конкÑеÑного аÑгÑменÑа,
вÑдвигаемого в полÑÐ·Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://old.law.columbia.edu/my_pubs/anarchism.html">
ТÑиÑмÑ
+анаÑÑ
изма: ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ ÑмеÑÑÑ
авÑоÑÑкого пÑава</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>ÐÑÐ¸Ñ Ð£ÑÑÑи. <a
+href="http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~digger/596/werry_comm.pdf">ÐообÑажаемое
+ÑлекÑÑонное ÑообÑеÑÑво: ÐÑедÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾
виÑÑÑалÑном ÑообÑеÑÑве в ÑовÑеменной
+деловой пÑакÑике</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>ФÑенк, ÐиловиÑ, Реган. <a
href="/philosophy/economics_frank/frank.html">
+ÐÑепÑÑÑÑвÑÐµÑ Ð»Ð¸ изÑÑение Ñкономики
ÑоÑÑÑдниÑеÑÑвÑ?</a></li>
+ <li>Ðенни Ðи. <a href="http://danny.oz.au/freedom/ip/aidfs.html"> Ð
азÑабоÑка,
+ÑÑиÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑоÑÐ³Ð¾Ð²Ð»Ñ Ð¸ ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммÑ</a>.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/bdk.html"> Ðаллада о ÐенниÑе
ÐаÑÑÑле</a>: полиÑиÑеÑкий
+комменÑаÑий ТимоÑи Ð . ФиллипÑа в ÑоÑме
ÑазвеÑнÑÑой балладÑ.</li>
+ <li>РобеÑÑ Ðж. ЧаÑÑелл. <a
href="/philosophy/ICT-for-prosperity.html">
+ФоÑмиÑование ÑазвиÑиÑ
инÑоÑмаÑионно-коммÑникаÑионной ÑеÑ
ники
длÑ
+ÑоÑÑÑдниÑеÑÑва и иниÑиаÑÐ¸Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾
глобалÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑвеÑаниÑ</a>.</li>
+ <li>ÐлекÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ Ðлива. <a
+href="http://www.ic.unicamp.br/~oliva/papers/free-software/selection-html/">
+ÐонкÑÑенÑнÑе пÑеимÑÑеÑÑва ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм</a>.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.advogato.org/article/89.html"
+id="PatentgrantundertheGPL"> ÐÑедоÑÑавление паÑенÑов
по GPL</a>.</li>
+ <li>Ðжон ÐаÑкоÑÑ. <a
+href="http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/00/05/biztech/articles/10digital.html"
+id="ConceptofCopyrightFightsMarkoff"> ÐонÑепÑÐ¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкого
пÑава боÑеÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°
+вÑживание в ÐнÑеÑнеÑе</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>Ðжон Ð. ÐеÑÑи III. <a
id="TheRealPurposeOfCopyrightBerry"
+href="http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA158872.html"> ÐаÑÑоÑÑее
+назнаÑение авÑоÑÑкого пÑава</a>.</li>
+ <li>ÐÑн ÐлаÑк. <a id="Copyrightfire"
href="/philosophy/fire.html">ÐÑава на
+огонÑ! (ÑмоÑеÑка)</a></li>
+ <li>Ðнди ÐÑем. <a
+href="http://www.praxagora.com/andyo/professional/infirmation_technology.html"
+id="INFOTECH"> ÐÑдÑÑее пÑиноÑиÑ
“ÐнÑоÑмаÑионнÑÑ ÑеÑ
никє</a>.</li>
+
+<!-- Re: Free Protocols Foundation - it's a maintainance nightmare -->
+<!-- to have full descriptions in more then one place. -len -->
+<!-- RMS requests that this link is put back, 14 Dec 2000, paulv -->
+<li><a href="http://www.freeprotocols.org/"> Фонд ÑвободнÑÑ
+пÑоÑоколов</a> — незавиÑимÑй
пÑблиÑнÑй ÑоÑÑм, поÑвÑÑеннÑй
+поддеÑжке пÑоÑоколов, ÑвободнÑÑ
оÑ
паÑенÑов.</li>
+ <li>ÐлеÑÑандÑо Ð Ñбини. <a
+href="/philosophy/software-libre-commercial-viability.html"> СвободнÑе
+пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ ÑенÑабелÑноÑÑÑ</a>.</li>
+ <li>ÐÑайен ÐаÑÑин. <a href="http://www.bmartin.cc/pubs/98il/">
ÐÑвобождение
+инÑоÑмаÑии</a>. ÐÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑоÑÑелÑно ÑекомендÑем
избегаÑÑ ÑеÑмина <a
+href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html"> инÑеллекÑÑалÑнаÑ
ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑÑ</a> и
+говоÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð¼ÐµÑÑо ÑÑого об авÑоÑÑкиÑ
пÑаваÑ
,
паÑенÑаÑ
или ÑоваÑнÑÑ
знакаÑ
.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://wearcam.org/seatsale/index.htm">ÐÑодажа
ÑидениÑ</a>, ÑаÑиÑа
+на авÑоÑÑкое пÑаво.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/DeCSS/Gallery/"> ÐалеÑеÑ</a>
пÑимеÑов,
+иллÑÑÑÑиÑÑÑÑиÑ
возмÑÑиÑелÑноÑÑÑ Ð¸
абÑÑÑдноÑÑÑ ÐкÑа об авÑоÑÑком пÑаве
+ÑиÑÑового ÑÑÑÑÑелеÑиÑ.</li>
+
+ <li>ÐÐ±Ð·Ð¾Ñ ÐºÐ½Ð¸Ð³Ð¸ <a
+href="http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/28/0121209&mode=nocomment">
+<cite>ЦиÑÑовое авÑоÑÑкое пÑаво</cite></a>.</li>
+
+ <li>Ðжо ÐаÑÑ. <a
href="http://www.itworld.com/LWD010523vcontrol4">Ðиви и
+позволÑй ÑазÑеÑаÑÑ</a>.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.piecepack.org">Piecepack</a> — набоÑ
деÑалей
+Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑолÑнÑÑ
игÑ, коÑоÑÑми каждÑй можеÑ
воÑполÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð³Ñ
+ÑазлиÑнÑÑ
Ñипов или игÑÑ Ð² ниÑ
.</li>
+
+ <li>ÐоÑÑоÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐжианоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ð»Ð° <a
+href="http://www.gianoziaorientale.org/info/foreign_politics.html">
ÑÑÑоÑнÑй
+взглÑд на ÑиÑÑовое ÑпÑавление
огÑаниÑениÑми и паÑенÑÑ Ð½Ð° пÑогÑаммÑ</a>.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/7813"> СвободнÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸
+ÑкаÑÑÑкое движение</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://fare.tunes.org/articles/patents.html">
ÐаÑенÑÑ —
+ÑкономиÑеÑкий абÑÑÑд</a>. Ð ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑе
пÑинимаеÑÑÑ Ð² каÑеÑÑве пÑедпоÑÑлки
+попÑлÑÑное мнение о желаÑелÑноÑÑи
Ñвободной ÑоÑговли. ÐÑ Ð½Ðµ вÑегда
+ÑоглаÑÐ½Ñ — Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ñеделенного моменÑа
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑоÑÐ³Ð¾Ð²Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ
+пÑедпÑиÑÑиÑм ÑлиÑком много влаÑÑи,
позволÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼ запÑгиваÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¾ÐºÑаÑиÑ. Ðо ÑÑо
+дÑÑгой вопÑоÑ. </li>
+
+ <!-- Description text by RMS -->
+<li><a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig/kinsella2.html"> РзаÑиÑÑ
Napster и
+пÑоÑив вÑоÑого пÑинÑипа пеÑвонаÑалÑного
пÑиобÑеÑениÑ</a>.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/15_2/15_2_1.pdf">
ÐÑоÑив
+инÑеллекÑÑалÑной ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑи (PDF)</a>,
“ÐÑÑнал либеÑÑаÑианÑкиÑ
+иÑÑледований”, веÑна 2001 года.</li>
+
+<!-- Available only against a fee.
+ <li>
+<a href="http://www.lulu.com/dcparris/">Penguin in the Pew</a>, Free Software
from a Christian perspective.</li>
+-->
+<li>Ð¡Ð°Ð¼Ð¸Ñ Ð§Ð¾Ð¿Ñа, СкоÑÑ ÐекÑÑеÑ. <a
+href="http://www.sci.brooklyn.cuny.edu/~sdexter/Pubs/cepe2005.pdf">
+СÑавниÑелÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑиÑеÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ñенка ÑÑ
ем
лиÑензиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://simplemachines.it/index.php/sim-one-project">
ÐппаÑаÑнÑй
+пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ SIM.ONE</a> Ñоздал ÑвободнÑÑ (Ð¾Ñ Ñлова
“Ñвобода”)
+конÑÑÑÑкÑоÑÑкÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑменÑаÑиÑ
компÑÑÑеÑа.</li>
+
+ <li>ÐÑого докÑменÑа Ð½ÐµÑ Ð² ÑеÑи, но еÑе в
1960 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÐеÑнаÑд ÐÐ°Ð»Ð»ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñал
+пиÑÑмо ÑедакÑоÑÑ “Communications of the ACM”
(Ñом 3,
+Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑ 4, ÑÑÑ. A12-A13), в коÑоÑом, в
ÑаÑÑноÑÑи, говоÑиÑÑÑ
+(ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑоимоÑÑÑ, но ÑвÑÑвенно
подÑазÑÐ¼ÐµÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑвободÑ):
+ <blockquote>
+ <p>
+ ... ÑÑно, ÑÑо Ñо, за ÑÑо беÑÑÑÑÑ
денÑги — ÑÑо ÑазÑабоÑка
+пÑогÑаммÑ, и, Ñ
оÑÑ Ñ Ð² оÑобенноÑÑи
недоволен Ñем, ÑÑо ÑÑо Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ Ð¸Ð·
+ÑнивеÑÑиÑеÑа, Ñ Ñбежден, ÑÑо ÑÑо вÑедиÑ
вÑей оÑÑаÑли в Ñелом. ÐÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ одной
+ÑÑÑановки 704, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð±Ñ Ð½Ðµ полÑÑила пÑÑмÑÑ
вÑгод Ð¾Ñ Ñвободной ÑиÑкÑлÑÑии
+пÑогÑамм, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑала возможной
благодаÑÑ ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑаниÑелÑнÑм
возможноÑÑÑм
+<strong>обмена</strong>. ÐÑли Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñнем пÑодаваÑÑ
наÑи пÑогÑаммÑ, ÑÑо
+ÑоздаÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑма нежелаÑелÑнÑе пÑеÑеденÑÑ.
+ </p>
+ </blockquote>
+ (ÐÑ Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ñим ÐелÑÑона Ðиба за
ÑÑÑлкÑ.)</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+<h3>СÑÑлки на дÑÑгие ÑÑаÑÑи по ÑилоÑоÑии</h3>
+
+<ul>
+<li id="EssaysAndArticles"><a href="essays-and-articles.html">ÐÑеÑки и
ÑÑаÑÑи</a></li>
+<li id="Speeches"><a href="speeches-and-interview.html">РеÑи и
инÑеÑвÑÑ</a></li>
+<li id="Philosophy"><a href="/philosophy/">ÐÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑаниÑа
ÑилоÑоÑии</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+
+
+<div style="font-size: small;">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
+ </div>
+</div>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.ru.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<p>
+ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе запÑоÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð¸ GNU
по адÑеÑÑ <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже <a
+href="/contact/">дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ</a> Ñ
Ñондом.
+<br />
+ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе оÑÑеÑÑ Ð¾
неÑабоÑаÑÑиÑ
ÑÑÑлкаÑ
и дÑÑгие попÑавки или
+пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм и
каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ
+возможноÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñибки Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ можем.
ÐÑиÑÑлайÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, Ñвои замеÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸
+пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ пеÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+</p><p>Ð¡Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ кооÑдинаÑии и
пÑедложениÑм пеÑеводов наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей Ñм. в
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">“Ð
ÑководÑÑве по
+пеÑеводам”</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005,
+2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>ÐÑо пÑоизведение доÑÑÑпно по <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ru">лиÑензии
+Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>ÐÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ñ —
Ðез
+пÑоизводнÑÑ
пÑоизведений</em>) 3.0 СШÐ</a>.
+</p>
+
+
+<div class="translators-credits">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
+<em>Ðнимание! РподгоÑовке ÑÑого пеÑевода
ÑÑаÑÑвовал ÑолÑко один Ñеловек. ÐÑ
+можеÑе ÑÑÑеÑÑвенно ÑлÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑевод, еÑли
пÑовеÑиÑе его и ÑаÑÑкажеÑе о
+найденнÑÑ
оÑибкаÑ
в <a
+href="http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ru">ÑÑÑÑкой гÑÑппе
пеÑеводов
+gnu.org</a>.</em></div>
+
+
+ <p>
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+Ðбновлено:
+
+$Date: 2012/11/25 07:05:10 $
+
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about -->
+<!-- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking -->
+<!-- with the webmasters first. -->
+<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
+<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
Index: po/third-party-ideas.ru-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/third-party-ideas.ru-en.html
diff -N po/third-party-ideas.ru-en.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/third-party-ideas.ru-en.html 25 Nov 2012 07:05:16 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+
+<title>Philosophy of the GNU Project - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
(FSF)</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/third-party-ideas.translist" -->
+
+<div id="education-content">
+<h2 id="ThirdPartyIdeas">Third Party Ideas</h2>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/philosophy-menu.html" -->
+
+</div><!-- id="education-content" -->
+
+<p>
+These articles give other people's philosophical
+opinions in support of free software, or related issues, and don't
+speak for the GNU project — but we more or less agree with them.</p>
+
+<p>
+Many of the
+<a href="/links/links.html#FreedomOrganizations">Organizations that Work
+for Freedom in Computer Development and Electronic Communications</a>
+also have philosophical opinions in support of free software, or
+related issues.</p>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a
+ href="http://freedom-to-tinker.com/blog/tblee/trouble-free-riding">The
+ Trouble with “Free Riding”</a>, by Timothy B. Lee.</li>
+
+ <li><a
+
href="http://www.cato-unbound.org/2008/06/09/rasmus-fleischer/the-future-of-copyright/">The
+ Future of Copyright</a>, an essay by Rasmus Fleischer.</li>
+
+ <li><a
+ href="http://www.cic.unb.br/docentes/pedro/trabs/stockholm.html">The
+ Digital Stockholm Syndrome</a>: reflections over some psychological
+ responses to market forces, by Pedro Rezende, University of Brasilia.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://questioncopyright.org">QuestionCopyright.org</a>
+ is a web site about the history and effects of copyright, dedicated
+ to raise awareness of the harmful consequences of today's copyright
+ system.</li>
+ <li>
+ <a
href="http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196601781">
+ How Vista Lets Microsoft Lock Users In</a> by Cory Doctorow.
+ <b>Note:</b> We think it is a mistake to use the enemy's
favorable-sounding propaganda terms such as
+ “trusted computing” to describe a malicious plan.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a href="http://www.movingtofreedom.org/">movingtofreedom.org</a>,
+ Scott Carpenter's blog with many freedom-related articles.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/194701/">A couple of lessons on the
hazards of proprietary software</a>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <a
href="http://southflorida.bizjournals.com/southflorida/stories/2006/07/03/story8.html">
+ Multiple doctors cut off from records by Dr. Notes
+ </a>,
+ an example of how proprietary software gives the developers unjust power
over the users.
+ </li>
+ <li>Jimmy Wales explains why
+ <a
href="http://blog.jimmywales.com/index.php/archives/2004/10/21/free-knowledge-requires-free-software-and-free-file-formats/">
+ Free Knowledge requires Free Software and Free File Formats</a> in this
paper. He also exposes why
+ <a href="http://www.wikipedia.org">Wikipedia</a> needs to be free
software.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.juergen-ernst.de/info_swpat_en.html">Software
patents under the
+ magnifying glass</a>. In this article the author uses arguments
+ based on lambda calculus to show why software cannot be patented.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://lwn.net/Articles/204641/">Free gadgets need free
+ software</a>, an editorial reporting a firmware “upgrade”
that
+ removes the ability to record radio broadcasts.</li>
+ <li>Lakhani and Wolf's
+ <a
href="http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf">paper
on the
+ motivation of free software developers</a> says that a considerable
fraction are motivated by the view that software should be free. This was
despite the fact that they surveyed the developers on SourceForge, a site that
does not support the view that this is an ethical issue.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.theinquirer.net/?article=11663">Groklaw
+ sends a Dear Darl letter</a>; a group from the free software and
+ open source community has put together a response to SCO CEO Darl
+ McBride's Open Letter to the Open Source Community.</li>
+ <li><a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20060313152550/http://www.hardwarecentral.com/hardwarecentral/editorials/4788/1/">Hardware
+ Central [Archived Page]</a>. We disagree with one aspect of this article's
+ conclusion: It's not legitimate for Microsoft to help Disney and the
+ RIAA impose Digital Restrictions Management on you, any more than it
+ is legitimate for Disney and the RIAA to try it. The full power of
+ computing should be available to you, not just to the owners of
+ information.</li>
+
+<li>The SCO Sue Me Petition has overwhelmed its inceptor
+and the petition is no longer taking votes. The author
+of the petition, John Everitt, was expecting only several
+responses but instead he had thousands of participants. <a
+href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=6913">In the
+last available public communication about the petition</a>, he
+urged people to help <a href="http://www.fsf.org">FSF</a> in any
+way possible.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://proposicion.org.ar/doc/gob/Conde-281102/index.html.en">Senator
Alberto Conde's answer</a> to CESSI regarding Bill E-135/02-03 which proposes
use of Free Software in the public sector for the province of Buenos Aires. <a
href="http://proposicion.org.ar/proyecto/leyes/E-135.02-03/">The bill</a> has
been submitted by Senator Alberto Conde himself.</li>
+ <li> Some economists argue that copyright and patents
+ <a href="http://www.reason.com/0303/fe.dc.creation.shtml"> fail to
+promote the progress</a> that they supposedly exist to promote.
+<p>
+This article takes a narrowly economic view of its subject, measuring
+social alternatives only by what goods are available for what price,
+assuming that you the citizen are a mere consumer and place no value
+on your freedom in itself. It also uses the misleading term
+<a
href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">“intellectual
+property”</a>, which is misleading because it lumps copyrights and
+patents together. The article also lumps them together, which it can
+get away with because it ignores the (different) social issues that
+copyrights and patents raise.
+</p><p>
+Despite those flaws, it is significant. If one can judge copyright to
+be harmful even on narrow economic terms, disregarding the ethical
+wrong of stopping people from sharing, it can only be more harmful
+once we consider the ethics as well.
+</p></li>
+
+ <li>Two articles by Duncan Campbell describe how NSA backdoors were
+ hidden in proprietary software programs:
+ <a href="http://www.heise.de/tp/english/inhalt/te/2898/1.html">“Only
NSA can
+ listen, so that's OK”</a> and <a
+ href="http://www.heise.de/tp/english/inhalt/te/5263/1.html">“How NSA
+ access was built into Windows”</a>. Both are clear demonstrations of
how
+ users of proprietary software can often be unaware of what they are
+ actually running.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://www.compilerpress.ca/Cultural%20Economics/Works/CPU%202000.htm">“Copyright
+ C.P.U.”</a> by Harry Hillman Chartrand is a good summary of the
history of
+ copyright.</li>
+
+ <li>Malla Pollack's
+ <a
href="http://eon.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/progress.html">“What
+ is Congress Supposed to Promote?”</a> explains how the United States'
+ government's recent tendencies to provide maximum control to copyright
+ holders defies the justification for establishment of copyright set out
+ in the constitution.</li>
+
+ <li>Peruvian Congressman Dr. Edgar David Villanueva Nuñez wrote a
+ letter to a Microsoft manager after they wrote expressing concern about
+ the country's pending Free Software in Public Administration bill. It
+ does an excellent job of allaying concerns about free software often
+ raised by Microsoft and others. The English translation of the letter is
+ <a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20030207075039/http://www.pimientolinux.com/peru2ms/villanueva_to_ms.html">
+ here</a>.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2170/2170-h/2170-h.htm#2H_4_0018">British
+ historian Thomas Macaulay</a> had ideas about copyright in 1841
+ which still hold true today.</li>
+
+
+ <li><a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20050214010807/http://www.openrevolt.org/">openrevolt.org
+ [Archived Page]</a> is a site devoted to providing information about
+ the European Copyright Directive and similar legislation. It
+ concentrates on the two principal problems of the EUCD, which make
+ it easier for copyright holders to censor webpages on ISPs and give
+ legal protection to copy-protection measures.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.chillingeffects.org">Chilling Effects</a> is
+ a collection point for cease and desist notices concerning online
+ activity — we invite visitors to enter C&Ds they have
+ received or sent. The website collects the C&Ds in a searchable
+ database and hyperlinks them to explanations of the legal
+ issues.</li>
+
+ <li><a
+
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20020222080928/www.byte.com/documents/s=2302/byt1011380870846/">
+ Coding is a Crime</a>, by Shannon Cochran, is a commentary on the indictment
+ of Jon Johansen on felony charges for helping write DeCSS.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://law.duke.edu/pd/papers/boyle.pdf">The Second Enclosure
Movement
+ and the Construction of the Public Domain.</a>, by James Boyle.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://besser.tsoa.nyu.edu/howard/Papers/pw-public-spaces.html">Intellectual
+ Property: The Attack on Public Space in Cyberspace</a>, by Howard Besser,
+ describes how various industries are using their leverage with copyright
+ to make fewer locations on the Internet less and less public.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=267848#PaperDownload">“Locating
+ Copyright Within the First Amendment Skein,”</a>, by Neil W. Netanel,
+ argues that the United States court system has been wrong in its dated
+ assumption that fair use eliminates the conflict between copyright law
+ and the First Amendment.</li>
+
+ <li>Richard Stallman co-signed
+ <a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20030803114409/http://perens.com/Articles/StandTogether.html">a
+joint statement responding to comments by Craig Mundie of Microsoft
+[Archived Page]</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>In <cite><a href="/philosophy/dmarti-patent.html">Patent Reform
+ Now!</a></cite>, Don Marti calls for free software supporters to
+ nominate Richard M. Stallman to US Patent and Trademark Office's
+ Patent Public Advisory Committee.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/stophr3028.html">Stop H.R. 3028</a>,
+ “The Trademark Cyberpiracy Prevention Act of 1999”.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20010410172314/http://www-personal.si.umich.edu/~beejoo/gnuproject.html">"The
GNU Project FTP Site: A Digital Collection Supporting a Social Movement"
[Archived Page]</a></li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20000815064842/http://oppression.nerdherd.org/Stories/1998/9810/ucla/ucla.html">UCLA
+ discriminates against students using GNU/Linux. One part of
+ their justification is supporting the power of software
+ owners. [Archived Page]</a></li>
+
+<!-- broken link -mohit
+ <li><a href="http://members.xoom.com/jcenters/HADL.html">The Hacker
Anti-Defamation League</a></li>
+-->
+ <li><a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/19991012082619/http://simson.net/clips/98.Globe.05-07.Read_them_and_weep.htm">Read
+ Them And Weep [Archived Page]</a>, by Simson Garfinkel, talks about the
+ pending bills that would give information owners sweeping new powers,
+ and restrict the activities of users.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/nonsoftware-copyleft.html">Applying Copyleft To
+ Non-Software Information</a>, by Michael Stutz.</li>
+ <li><a href="free-world.html">Only
+ the Free World Can Stand Up to Microsoft</a>, by Tom Hull.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.ram.org/ramblings/philosophy/fmp.html">The
+ Free Music Philosophy</a>, by Ram Samudrala.</li>
+
+ <li>Record companies argue for more copyright power by saying they are
+ the support of the musicians.
+ <a href="http://www.negativland.com/albini.html">This article</a> shows
+ how record companies really treat musicians.</li>
+
+ <!-- the original link was not working, rms suggested i
+ make a temporary link -neel
+ http://www.musicisum.com/manifesto.shtml
+ -->
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.maui.net/~zen_gtr/zgzinepg4.html">The Manifesto:
+ Piracy is Your Friend</a>, by Jaron Lanier.
+ <br />
+ <strong>Note</strong> that the GNU Project recommends
+ <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">avoiding</a> the term
+ <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Piracy">piracy</a> since
+ it implies that sharing copies is somehow illegitimate.</li>
+ <li><a
href="http://www.ram.org/ramblings/philosophy/fmp/copying_primer.html">A
+ primer on the ethics of “Intellectual property”</a>, by Ram
Samudrala.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/self-interest.html">Is Self-Interest Sufficient to
+ Organize an Free Economy?</a> by Loyd Fueston.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/kragen-software.html">People, places, things and
ideas</a> by Kragen Sitaker</li>
+ <li><a href="http://freenation.org/a/f31l1.html">The Libertarian Case
+ Against Intellectual Property Rights</a> by Roderick T. Long
+ <br />
+ The Free Software Movement does not endorse Libertarianism, and
+ <a href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html">we do
+ not agree entirely</a> with that article. But it is useful for
+ refuting
+ one specific argument that is made in favor of proprietary
software.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://old.law.columbia.edu/my_pubs/anarchism.html">Anarchism
+ Triumphant:
+ Free Software and the Death of Copyright</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~digger/596/werry_comm.pdf">Imagined
+ Electronic Community: Representations of Virtual Community in
+ Contemporary Business Discourse</a> by Chris Werry.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/economics_frank/frank.html">Does Studying
+ Economics Inhibit Cooperation?</a> by Frank, Gilovich, and Regan.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://danny.oz.au/freedom/ip/aidfs.html">Development,
+ Ethical Trading, and Free Software</a> by Danny Yee.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/bdk.html">THE BALLAD OF DENNIS KARJALA</a>:
+ A political comment in the form of a broadside ballad
+ by Timothy R. Phillips.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/ICT-for-prosperity.html">Shaping
+ Collaborative ICT Development and Initiatives for Global
+ Prosperity</a> by Robert J. Chassell</li>
+ <li><a
href="http://www.ic.unicamp.br/~oliva/papers/free-software/selection-html/">
+ Competitive Advantages of Free Software</a> by Alexandre Oliva.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.advogato.org/article/89.html"
+ id="PatentgrantundertheGPL">Patent grant under the GPL</a>.</li>
+ <li><a
href="http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/00/05/biztech/articles/10digital.html"
+ id="ConceptofCopyrightFightsMarkoff">The
+ Concept of Copyright Fights for Internet Survival</a> by John
+ Markoff.</li>
+
+ <li><a id="TheRealPurposeOfCopyrightBerry"
+href="http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA158872.html">The
+ Real Purpose of Copyright</a> by John N. Berry III.</li>
+ <li><a id="Copyrightfire" href="/philosophy/fire.html">Copyrighting Fire!
(Humor)</a> by Ian Clarke.</li>
+ <li><a
href="http://www.praxagora.com/andyo/professional/infirmation_technology.html"
id="INFOTECH">The Future Brings “Infirmation Technology”</a> by
+ Andy Oram.</li>
+<!-- Re: Free Protocols Foundation - it's a maintainance nightmare -->
+<!-- to have full descriptions in more then one place. -len -->
+<!-- RMS requests that this link is put back, 14 Dec 2000, paulv -->
+ <li><a href="http://www.freeprotocols.org/">The Free Protocols
+ Foundation</a> is an independent public forum, dedicated to the
+ support of patent-free protocols.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/software-libre-commercial-viability.html">Software
Libre and Commercial Viability</a> by Alessandro Rubini</li>
+ <li><a href="http://www.bmartin.cc/pubs/98il/">
+ Information liberation</a> by Brian Martin. We urge people to avoid
+ using the term <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">intellectual
+ property</a> and to instead speak about copyrights, patents, and/or
+ trademarks.</li>
+ <li><a href="http://wearcam.org/seatsale/index.htm">Seat Sale</a>, a
+ satire about copyright.</li>
+
+ <li>A <a href="http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/DeCSS/Gallery/">gallery</a>
+ of examples demonstrating how outrageous and absurd the Digital
+ Millennium Copyright Act is.</li>
+
+ <li>A book review of
+ <a
href="http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/28/0121209&mode=nocomment">
+ <cite>Digital Copyright</cite></a>.</li>
+
+ <li><a
+ href="http://www.itworld.com/LWD010523vcontrol4">Live and
+ let license</a> by Joe Barr.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.piecepack.org">Piecepack</a> is a set of
+ boardgame pieces which everyone is free to use in creating or playing
+ various types of games.</li>
+
+ <li>Eastern Gianozia has put together a <a
+
href="http://www.gianoziaorientale.org/info/foreign_politics.html">tongue-in-cheek
+ look at Software Patents and DRM</a>.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/7813">Free Software and
Scouting</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://fare.tunes.org/articles/patents.html">Patents Are An
Economic Absurdity</a>: This article adopts as a premise the popular view that
free trade is desirable. We don't always agree - beyond a certain point, free
trade gives businesses too much power, allowing them to intimidate democracy.
But that is a different matter. </li><!-- Description text by RMS -->
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig/kinsella2.html">In Defense of
Napster and Against the Second Homesteading Rule</a></li>
+
+ <li><a href="http://www.mises.org/journals/jls/15_2/15_2_1.pdf">Against
Intellectual Property</a>, Spring 2001, Journal of Libertarian Studies
(PDF)</li>
+<!-- Available only against a fee.
+ <li><a href="http://www.lulu.com/dcparris/">Penguin in the Pew</a>, Free
Software from a Christian perspective.</li>
+-->
+<li><a
+href="http://www.sci.brooklyn.cuny.edu/~sdexter/Pubs/cepe2005.pdf">
+A Comparative Ethical Assessment of Free Software Licensing Schemes</a>
+by Samir Chopra and Scott Dexter</li>
+
+ <li>The <a href="http://simplemachines.it/index.php/sim-one-project">SIM.ONE
+ hardware project</a> has created free (as in freedom)
+ computer design specifications.</li>
+
+ <li>Not available online, but as early as 1960 Bernard Galler wrote a
+ letter to the editor of the Communications of the ACM (vol.3, no.4,
+ pp.A12-A13), saying in part (mentioning price, but clearly implying
+ freedom):
+ <blockquote>
+ <p>
+ … it is clear that what is being
+ charged for is the development of the program, and
+ while I am particularly unhappy that it comes from a
+ university, I believe it is damaging to the whole
+ profession. There isn't a 704 installation that hasn't
+ directly benefited from the free exchange of programs
+ made possible by the distribution facilities of SHARE.
+ If we start to sell our programs, this will set very
+ undesirable precedents.
+ </p>
+ </blockquote>
+ (Thanks to Nelson Beebe for the reference.)</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+<h3>Links to more philosophy articles</h3>
+
+<ul>
+<li id="EssaysAndArticles"><a href="essays-and-articles.html">Essays and
Articles</a></li>
+<li id="Speeches"><a href="speeches-and-interview.html">Speeches and
+interviews</a></li>
+<li id="Philosophy"><a href="/philosophy/">The main philosophy page</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+
+</div>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+
+<div id="footer">
+<p>
+Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF.
+<br />
+Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Please see the
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
+translations of this article.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
+2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2012/11/25 07:05:16 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about -->
+<!-- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking -->
+<!-- with the webmasters first. -->
+<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
+<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
+
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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