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www/philosophy/po push-copyright-aside.zh-cn.po
From: |
Wensheng XIE |
Subject: |
www/philosophy/po push-copyright-aside.zh-cn.po |
Date: |
Wed, 18 Apr 2018 09:14:07 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Wensheng XIE <wxie> 18/04/18 09:14:07
Added files:
philosophy/po : push-copyright-aside.zh-cn.po
Log message:
zh-cn: new translation
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/push-copyright-aside.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: push-copyright-aside.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: push-copyright-aside.zh-cn.po
diff -N push-copyright-aside.zh-cn.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ push-copyright-aside.zh-cn.po 18 Apr 2018 13:14:06 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,333 @@
+# Simplified Chinese translation of
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html
+# Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# æ½æ°¸ä¹ï¼2014.
+# Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>, 2018.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: push-copyright-aside.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-01-01 05:58+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-04-18 21:11+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Chinese <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"Science must “push copyright aside” - GNU Project - Free "
+"Software Foundation"
+msgstr "ç§å¦å¿
é¡»“æå¼çæ” - GNUå·¥ç¨ -
èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "Science must push copyright aside"
+msgstr "ç§å¦å¿
é¡»æå¼çæ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "by <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong>"
+msgstr "<strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong> è"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<em>Many points that lead to a conclusion that software freedom must be "
+"universal often apply to other forms of expressive works, albeit in "
+"different ways. This essay concerns the application of principles related to "
+"software freedom to the area of literature. Generally, such issues are "
+"orthogonal to software freedom, but we include essays like this here since "
+"many people interested in Free Software want to know more about how the "
+"principles can be applied to areas other than software.</em>"
+msgstr ""
+"<em>许å¤è§ç¹é½æåä¸ä¸ªç»è®ºï¼è¿å°±æ¯è½¯ä»¶èªç±å¿
é¡»æ¯æ®éæ§çï¼è¿äºè§ç¹é常ä¹éç¨"
+"äºå
¶ä»å½¢å¼ç表达æ§ä½åï¼å°½ç®¡æ¯ä»¥ä¸åçæ¹å¼ãæ¬æå
³æ³¨çæ¯æ软件èªç±çåååºç¨"
+"å°ç§å¦æç®é¢åãä¸è¬å°æ¥è¯´ï¼è¿äºé®é¢å软件èªç±æ å
³ï¼ä½æ¯ç±äºå¾å¤å¯¹èªç±è½¯ä»¶æ"
+"å
´è¶£ç人æ³ç¥éæ´å¤å
³äºå¦ä½æè¿äºåååºç¨å°è½¯ä»¶ä¹å¤çé¢åï¼æ以æ们å¨æ¤ä¹å½å
¥"
+"äºç±»ä¼¼æ¬æçä¸äºä½åã</em>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(This article appeared in <em>Nature</em> magazine's <b>web</b>debates forum "
+"in 2001.)"
+msgstr
"ï¼æ¬æåºç°äº2001å¹´<em>èªç¶</em>æå¿ç<b>ç½ç»</b>辩论ä¼ãï¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"It should be a truism that the scientific literature exists to disseminate "
+"scientific knowledge, and that scientific journals exist to facilitate the "
+"process. It therefore follows that rules for use of the scientific "
+"literature should be designed to help achieve that goal."
+msgstr ""
+"ç§å¦æç®çåå¨æ¯ä¸ºäºå¹¿æ³ä¼
æç§å¦ç¥è¯ï¼èç§å¦åç©çåå¨æ¯ä¸ºäºä¾¿å©è¿ä¸ªè¿ç¨ï¼è¿"
+"åºè¯¥æ¯ä¸ä¸ªä¸è¨èå»çéçãé£ä¹ï¼ç§å¦æç®ç使ç¨è§ååºè¯¥ç¨æ¥å¸®å©è¾¾å°ä¸è¿°ç®çã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The rules we have now, known as copyright, were established in the age of "
+"the printing press, an inherently centralized method of mass-production "
+"copying. In a print environment, copyright on journal articles restricted "
+"only journal publishers—requiring them to obtain permission to publish "
+"an article—and would-be plagiarists. It helped journals to operate and "
+"disseminate knowledge, without interfering with the useful work of "
+"scientists or students, either as writers or readers of articles. These "
+"rules fit that system well."
+msgstr ""
+"æ们ç®åæç¥çè§åï¼ç§°ä¸ºçæï¼æ¯å¨å°å·æºæ¶ä»£å¶å®çï¼å°å·æ¯æ¬è´¨ä¸æ¯ä¸ä¸ªå¤§è§æ¨¡"
+"å¤å¶çéä¸åæ¹æ³ãå¨å°å·ç¯å¢ä¸ï¼æåæç« ççæä»
ä»
éå¶åç©åè¡è
—è¦æ±ä»"
+"们è·å¾è®¸å¯æè½åç»æç«
—以åæç®å½çªç人ãå®å¸®å©ç»è¥åç©å¹¶ä¼ æç¥è¯ï¼åæ¶"
+"ä¹ä¸å¹²æ¶ä½ä¸ºä½è
æ读è
çç§å¦å®¶åå¦ççæç¨ææãè¿äºè§åå¾éåé£ç§ä½ç³»ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The modern technology for scientific publishing, however, is the World Wide "
+"Web. What rules would best ensure the maximum dissemination of scientific "
+"articles, and knowledge, on the web? Articles should be distributed in "
+"nonproprietary formats, with open access for all. And everyone should have "
+"the right to “mirror” articles—that is, to republish them "
+"verbatim with proper attribution."
+msgstr ""
+"ç¶èï¼ç§å¦åºçççç°ä»£ææ¯æ¯ä¸ç»´ç½ãä»ä¹æ
·çè§åæè½ææåå°ä¿è¯ç§å¦è®ºæåç¥"
+"è¯å¨ç½ä¸ä¼ æçæ大åå¢ï¼æç«
åºè¯¥ä»¥éä¸æçå½¢å¼åç»ï¼è®©ææ人é½å¯ä»¥éæå°ä½¿"
+"ç¨ãèä¸æ¯ä¸ªäººé½è¦ææ“éå”æç« —å³éå
åéçå±æ§ï¼ä¸åä¸å·®"
+"å°éæ°åç»ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"These rules should apply to past as well as future articles, when they are "
+"distributed in electronic form. But there is no crucial need to change the "
+"present copyright system as it applies to paper publication of journals "
+"because the problem is not in that domain."
+msgstr ""
+"è¿äºè§ååºå½éç¨äºè¿å»åå°æ¥çæç«
ï¼åªè¦å®ä»¬æ¯ä»¥çµåæ ¼å¼å表çãä½æ¯ï¼å¨åç©"
+"ç纸质åè¡ç并ä¸éè¦è¿«åå°æ¹åç°è¡çæç³»ç»ï¼å
为é®é¢ä¸å¨è¿ä¸ªé¢åã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Unfortunately, it seems that not everyone agrees with the truisms that began "
+"this article. Many journal publishers appear to believe that the purpose of "
+"scientific literature is to enable them to publish journals so as to collect "
+"subscriptions from scientists and students. Such thinking is known as “"
+"confusion of the means with the ends”."
+msgstr ""
+"ä¸å¹¸çæ¯ï¼ä¼¼ä¹å¹¶éæ¯ä¸ªäººé½åææç«
ä¸å¼å§å°±æåºçççã许å¤æååè¡åä¼¼ä¹è®¤ä¸º"
+"ç§å¦æç®çå®æ¨æ¯ä½¿ä»ä»¬è½å¤åè¡åç©ä»èå¾å°ç§å¦å®¶åå¦çç订é
ãè¿æ ·çæ³æ³ç§°å"
+"“ç®çåæ¹æ³çæ··æ·”ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Their approach has been to restrict access even to read the scientific "
+"literature to those who can and will pay for it. They use copyright law, "
+"which is still in force despite its inappropriateness for computer networks, "
+"as an excuse to stop scientists from choosing new rules."
+msgstr ""
+"ä»ä»¬çåæ³æ¯éå¶ç§å¦æç®ç使ç¨ï¼æ´æçè
æç§å¦æç®æä¾ç»æè½å并æ¿ä¸ºæ¤ä»è´¹ç"
+"人ãä»ä»¬ç¨çææ³å¾—尽管å¨è®¡ç®æºç½ç»é¢åä¸åçä½ä¾ç¶å¨å®æ½—ä½ä¸ºå"
+"å£æ¥é»æ¢ç§å¦å®¶éæ©æ°è§åã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For the sake of scientific cooperation and humanity's future, we must reject "
+"that approach at its root—not merely the obstructive systems that have "
+"been instituted, but the mistaken priorities that inspired them."
+msgstr ""
+"为äºç§å¦åä½å人类çæªæ¥ï¼æ们å¿
é¡»ä»æ
¹æ¬ä¸æç»è¿ç§è¡ä¸º—ä¸åªæ¯å·²å¶å®çèµ·"
+"é»ç¢ä½ç¨çä½ç³»ï¼è¿æé¼å¨å®ä»¬çé误çå
å
¥ä¹è§ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Journal publishers sometimes claim that online access requires expensive "
+"high-powered server machines, and that they must charge access fees to pay "
+"for these servers. This “problem” is a consequence of its own "
+"“solution.” Give everyone the freedom to mirror, and libraries "
+"around the world will set up mirror sites to meet the demand. This "
+"decentralized solution will reduce network bandwidth needs and provide "
+"faster access, all the while protecting the scholarly record against "
+"accidental loss."
+msgstr ""
+"æååºçåææ¶å£°ç§°å¨çº¿è®¿é®éè¦æè´µçé«èçµçæå¡å¨ï¼ä»ä»¬å¿
须索å使ç¨è´¹æ¥æ¯ä»"
+"æå¡å¨è´¹ç¨ãè¿ä¸ª“é®é¢”æ¯å®æ¬èº«ç“解å³æ¹æ¡”çç»æãç»"
+"æ¯ä¸ªäººéåçèªç±ï¼ä¸çåå°çå¾ä¹¦é¦å°ä¼å»ºç«èµ·éåç«ç¹æ¥æ»¡è¶³éè¦ãè¿ç§åæ£åç"
+"解å³æ¹æ³å°ä¼éä½ç½ç»å¸¦å®½éæ±ï¼æä¾æ´å¿«ç访é®ï¼åæ¶ä¿æ¤å¦æ¯ç
究èµæå
éæå¤æ"
+"失ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Publishers also argue that paying the editors requires charging for access. "
+"Let us accept the assumption that editors must be paid; this tail need not "
+"wag the dog. The cost of editing for a typical paper is between 1 percent "
+"and 3 percent of the cost of funding the research to produce it. Such a "
+"small percentage of the cost can hardly justify obstructing the use of the "
+"results."
+msgstr ""
+"ä»ä»¬åä¼äºè¾©ï¼ä¸ºäºæ¯ä»ç¼è¾äººåï¼æ以è¦æ±ä»è´¹æè½è®¿é®ã让æ们æ¥åå¿
é¡»ç»ç¼è¾ä»"
+"é±è¿ä¸ªå设ï¼è¿æ¯ä¸ä¼å½±å大å±çãä¸ä»½å
¸å论æçç¼è¾è´¹ç¨æ¯å
¶ç 究èµéç1%è³3%ã"
+"å¦æ¤å°æ¯ä¾çè´¹ç¨å¾é¾ä½ä¸ºéå¶ä½¿ç¨è¯¥ææçæ£å½çç±ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Instead, the cost of editing could be recovered, for example, through page "
+"charges to the authors, who can pass these on to the research sponsors. The "
+"sponsors should not mind, given that they currently pay for publication in a "
+"more cumbersome way, through overhead fees for the university library's "
+"subscription to the journal. By changing the economic model to charge "
+"editing costs to the research sponsors, we can eliminate the apparent need "
+"to restrict access. The occasional author who is not affiliated with an "
+"institution or company, and who has no research sponsor, could be exempted "
+"from page charges, with costs levied on institution-based authors."
+msgstr ""
+"ç¸åï¼ç¼è¾è´¹ç¨å¯è®¾æ³è¡¥å¿ï¼ä¾å¦ï¼éè¿å¯¹ä½è
æ¶åçé¢è´¹ç¨ï¼èä½è
å¯ä»¥æè¿äºè´¹ç¨"
+"转å«å°ç 究èµå©è
身ä¸ãèµå©è
åºå½ä¸ä¼ä»æï¼å
为ä»ä»¬æ£å¨ç¨ä¸ç§æ´éº»ç¦çæ¹å¼ï¼å³"
+"éè¿ç»å¤§å¦å¾ä¹¦é¦è®¢é
æåçä¸é´è´¹ç¨ï¼ä¸ºåºçç©æé±ãæ¹åç»æµæ¨¡åï¼åç
究èµå©äºº"
+"æ¶åç¼è¾è´¹ï¼æ们å¯ä»¥æ¶é¤éå¶è®¿é®ç表é¢éæ±ãå¶æä½è
ä¸é¶å±äºæ个æºææå
¬å¸ï¼"
+"ä¹æ²¡æç 究èµå©è
ï¼å¯ä»¥å
é¤çé¢æ¶è´¹ï¼å³åªåé¶å±æºæçä½è
æ¶è´¹ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another justification for access fees to online publications is to fund "
+"conversion of the print archives of a journal into online form. That work "
+"needs to be done, but we should seek alternative ways of funding it that do "
+"not involve obstructing access to the result. The work itself will not be "
+"any more difficult, or cost any more. It is self-defeating to digitize the "
+"archives and waste the results by restricting access."
+msgstr ""
+"å¦ä¸ä¸ªä¸ºå¨çº¿è¯»ç©æ¶è´¹ççç±æ¯ï¼æ纸质åç©è½¬æ¢æå¨çº¿æ¹å¼éè¦èµéãè¿é¡¹å·¥ä½å¿
é¡»"
+"å®æï¼ä½æ们åºå¯»æ±ä¸å¦¨ç¢ææ使ç¨çå
¶ä»æ¹å¼æ¥ç¹èµã该工ä½æ¬èº«ä¸ä¼æ´å°é¾ï¼ä¹ä¸"
+"ä¼è±æ´å¤çé±ãææ¡£æ¡æ°ååç¶åéè¿éå¶è®¿é®æµªè´¹ææä¸å»èªæ³å°èã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The US Constitution says that copyright exists “to promote the "
+"Progress of Science”. When copyright impedes the progress of science, "
+"science must push copyright out of the way."
+msgstr ""
+"ç¾å½å®ªæ³ä¸è¯´ï¼çæçåå¨æ¯“为äºæ¨å¨ç§å¦çè¿æ¥”ãå½çæé»ç¢ç§å¦è¿"
+"æ¥æ¶ï¼ç§å¦å¿
é¡»æå¼çæã"
+
+#. type: Content of: outside any tag (error?)
+msgid "Later developments:"
+msgstr "åæ¥çæ©å±ï¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Some universities have adopted policies to thwart the journal publishers' "
+"power. For instance, here is MIT's."
+msgstr
"ä¸äºå¤§å¦éåäºæ«è´¥æååºçåçæ¿çãæ¯å¦ï¼ä»¥ä¸æ¯éº»ççå·¥å¦é¢çã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"https://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-access/open-access-"
+"policy/\"> https://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-access/open-access-"
+"policy/</a>. Stronger policies are needed, however, as this one permits "
+"individual authors to \"opt out\" (i.e., cave in)."
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"https://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-access/open-access-"
+"policy/\"> https://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-access/open-access-"
+"policy/</a>ãä¸è¿ï¼æ们éè¦æ´å¼ºæåçæ¿çï¼æ¯å¦åè¿ä¸ªå
许ç¬ç«ä½è
âéåºâï¼å称"
+"é·è½ï¼çæ¿çã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The US government has imposed a requirement known as \"public access\" on "
+"some funded research. This requires publication within a certain period in "
+"a site that allows anyone to view the article. This requirement is a "
+"positive step, but inadequate because it does not include freedom to "
+"redistribute the article."
+msgstr ""
+"ç¾å½æ¿åºå·²ç»å¯¹æäºåèµå©çç 究强å äºè¢«ç§°ä¸ºâå
¬å¼è®¿é®âçè¦æ±ãå®è¦æ±åºçç©ç½ç«"
+"å¨ä¸å®æéå
è¦å
许任ä½äººæ¥çæç«
ãè¿è¿åºäºç§¯æçä¸æ¥ï¼ä½æ¯è¿ä¸å¤ï¼å 为å®æ²¡æ"
+"å
å«è½¬åæç« çèªç±ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Curiously, the concept of \"open access\" in the 2002 Budapest Open Access "
+"Initiative did include freedom to redistribute. I signed that declaration, "
+"despite my distaste for the word \"open\", because the substance of the "
+"position was right."
+msgstr ""
+"å¥æªçæ¯ï¼å¨2002å¹´çå¸è¾¾ä½©æ¯å¼æ¾è®¿é®å¡è®®ä¸ï¼âå¼æ¾è®¿é®âçæ¦å¿µå®é
ä¸å
å«äºè½¬å"
+"èªç±ã尽管æä¸å欢âå¼æ¾âä¸è¯ï¼æè¿æ¯ç¾ç½²äºé£ä¸ªå£°æï¼å
为å
¶ä»£è¡¨çå®è´¨å
容æ¯æ£"
+"ç¡®çã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"However, the word \"open\" had the last laugh: influential campaigners for "
+"\"open access\" subsequently dropped freedom to redistribute from their "
+"goals. I stand by the position of the <a href=\"http://www."
+"budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/\">BOAI</a>, but now that \"open access\" "
+"means something else, I refer to it as \"redistributable publication\" or "
+"\"free-to-mirror publication\"."
+msgstr ""
+"ä¸è¿ï¼âå¼æ¾âä¸è¯è¿æ¯ç¬å¨äºæåï¼âå¼æ¾è®¿é®âä¸æå½±åçæ´»å¨å®¶åæ¥æ¾å¼äºå
¶è½¬åèª"
+"ç±çç®æ ãææ¯æ<a
href=\"http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/"
+"\">BOAI</a>çç«åºï¼ä½æ¯å
为ç°å¨âå¼æ¾è®¿é®âå¦æææï¼ææ´æ¿æ称ä¹ä¸ºâå¯è½¬ååº"
+"çâæâèªç±éååºçâã"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr " "
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden"
+"\"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other
ways "
+"to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions "
+"can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden"
+"org></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"请å°æå
³èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼ï¼FSFï¼&GNUçä¸è¬æ§é®é¢åéå°<a
href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ãä¹å¯ä»¥éè¿<a
href=\"/contact/\">å
¶ä»è"
+"ç³»æ¹æ³</a>èç³»èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF)ã请å°æ æé¾æ¥ï¼å
¶ä»é误æ建议åéç»<a href="
+"\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã"
+
+#
+#
+#
+#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#. replace it with the translation of these two:
+#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#. to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+#. <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. our web pages, see <a
+#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#. README</a>.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
+"ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright © 2001, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 2001, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Richard M. Stallman"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://"
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"æ¬é¡µé¢ä½¿ç¨<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-"
+"nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International "
+"License</a>ææã"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"<b>ç¿»è¯</b>ï¼æ½æ°¸ä¹ï¼2014ã<br></br>\n"
+"<b>ç¿»è¯å¢é</b>ï¼<a rel=\"team\"
href=\"https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/"
+"www-zh-cn/\"><CTT></a>ï¼2018ã"
+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
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