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retrieving revision 1.3
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diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- free-world.zh-cn.html 30 Dec 2011 05:18:34 -0000 1.3
+++ free-world.zh-cn.html 27 Mar 2018 13:28:08 -0000 1.4
@@ -1,177 +1,123 @@
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-<center><h2>Ö»ÓÐ×ÔÓɵÄÊÀ½ç¿ÉÒÔÓë΢Èí¿¹ºâ</h2>
-<b>×÷ÕߣºTom Hull</b></center>
-<hr>
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+<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
+<title>åªæèªç±ä¸çå¯ä»¥å微软æè¡¡ - GNUå·¥ç¨ -
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+
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-world.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.zh-cn.html" -->
+<h2>åªæèªç±ä¸çå¯ä»¥å微软æè¡¡</h2>
+
+<p><strong>Tom Hull</strong> è</p>
+
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æ³æè¡¡çäºç©ã</li>
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为å¼åä»è´¦ï¼ç¶åéè¿å©æ¶¦åæ¬ãå¯ä¸çæ£ççæ¡æ¯ç¨æ·æ¥ä¸ºå¼åä¹°åãè¿éçéç¹æ¯ä¸ä¸ºè½¯ä»¶çååå使ç¨ä¹°åï¼è为软件çå¼åä¹°åï¼å¹¶ä¸èªç±è½¯ä»¶çå¼åæå³çä»»ä½äººé½å¯ä»¥ä½¿ç¨å®ãæ认为æä¸ä¸ªç®åçæ¹æ³å¯ä»¥å¤çæ¤äºï¼ä»»ä½æ³è¦ä¸ä»½æ°è½¯ä»¶æè
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ãå¼åè
ä¹å¯ä»¥åå¸ä»ä»¬èªå·±çæ¹æ¡ï¼èç¨æ·å¯ä»¥ä¼ç¹ä¹°åã</li>
+<li>èªç±è½¯ä»¶çå¼åå¯ä»¥æ¯å°é软件èè´¹æ´å°ãå³ä½¿éä½£é«èªçèä¸å¼åè
ï¼å¹¶å®å
¨ç±å°½è´£çç¨æ·æ¯æï¼èªç±è½¯ä»¶çææ¬ä¹ä¼ææ¾æ¯ç°å¨ä»ç»è½¯ä»¶å¸å½çè´¹ç¨è¦ä½ãè´¨éä¹ä¼æ´å¥½ï¼ç¹å«æ¯ä»éç¨æ§æ¥è¯´ãèªç±åå¸ä¼ä¿è¯æ大çæå
åéæ©ï¼ä¸ä¸ªçº¯ç²¹å»ºç«å¨æç¨åè´¨éä¹ä¸çèªç±å¸åºã软件æå¡è¡ä¸ä¹ä¼å¼æ¾ï¼ä»»ä½äººåªè¦æ¿æé½å¯ä»¥ä»åæ
·ç代ç åèµ·ï¼å¦ä¹
ãææ¯æ¯æåææèªç±è½¯ä»¶ãæä¼è´¨çæå¡å¢éåºè¯¥ä¼æåã</li>
+<li>ç®åå
æ¥å°±å¯ä»¥ä½¿è¯¥é¡¹è¿å¨èµ·æ¥ï¼æç«ä¸ä¸ªååç»ç»æ¥æ´çææ¯é®é¢ã建议工ä½æµç¨ãç
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æ¬ç°æçå®å¤§èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºï¼ä»¥åå该åçä¼
æåæ¨å¹¿ãæ¦ä¿å¤§åå
¬å¸åç»ç»è±è´¹å°é¨å年度软件é¢ç®æ¥ç«æ
ã设ç«çå¯å°ç»æ¥å¤çç¥è¯äº§æé®é¢ãè´¨çå¯ççæ¡ä¾ä»¥åè°æ¥ç»´æ¤åæ³è
æççå¯è½æ§ãé¼å±æ´å¤çæ¬å°å¼å—æ¬å°åãè¡ä¸åãç»åååå®å¶å—è¿æ
·ååç»ç»å°±ä¼éæ¥è§£ä½å¹¶éåºï¼å
±åçæ¹æ³åè¿ç¨ï¼ä½æ¯å»ä¸å¿åæ§å¶ã</li>
+<li>让æ们称è¿ä¸ªç»ç»ãæ´ä¸ªæ¡æ¶ä¸º“èªç±ä¸ç”ãå®ä»£è¡¨çæ¯èªç±åå¼æ¾çç¥è¯ãèªç±åå¼æ¾çå¼åã为ä½
æç¨ç软件ã请表æç«åºã请ååºè´¡ç®ãé¤äºä¸¢å¼<kbd>CTL-ALT-DEL</kbd><sup><a
+href="#TransNote1">1</a></sup>ä¹å¤ï¼ä½ 毫æ æ失ã</li>
</ol>
-<hr>
-Copyright 1997 Tom Hull.
-Äã¿ÉÒÔÁ¬½áÕâ·ÝÎļþ£¬²¢ÇÒ£¯»òÕßÒÔͨ¹ýµç×ÓµÄÊÖ¶ÎÀ´É¢²¼Ëü¡£
-<p>
-Õâ¸öµµ°¸µÄ×îа汾¿ÉÒÔÔÚÏÂÁÐÁ¬½áÖÐÕÒµ½£º
-<p><ul>
-<p><li><a href="free-world.html">
-http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-world.html</a>
-</ul>
+<hr />
+
+<p>å¯å¨<a
+href="/philosophy/free-world-notes.html">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-world-notes.html</a>åçé¢å¤ç注解ã</p>
+
+<div class="translators-notes">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
+<h3>è¯æ³¨</h3>
+<ol>
+<li
+id="TransNote1"><kbd>CTL-ALT-DEL</kbd>ï¼å¾®è½¯Windowsç³»ç»çéå¯ç»åé®ï¼æ¤å¤ä»£æ微软为é¦çä¸å±è½¯ä»¶ã</li>
+</ol></div>
+</div>
+
+<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.zh-cn.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
<p>
-¸½¼ÓµÄ¼Ç¼¿ÉÒÔÔÚÏÂÁÐÁ¬½áÖÐÕÒµ½£º
-<p><ul>
-<p><li>
-<a href="free-world-notes.html">
-http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-world-notes.html</a>
-</ul>
+请å°å
³äºæ¤é¡µé¢çé®é¢åè¯è®ºç´æ¥åç»Tom Hull<a
+href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>ã
+</p>
+
+<p>请å°æå
³èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼ï¼FSFï¼&GNUçä¸è¬æ§é®é¢åéå°<a
+href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>ãä¹å¯ä»¥éè¿<a
+href="/contact/">å
¶ä»èç³»æ¹æ³</a>èç³»èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF)ã请å°æ æé¾æ¥ï¼å
¶ä»é误æ建议åéç»<a
+href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>ã</p>
+
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-Çëдµç×ÓÓʼþµ½ <A href="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</A>
-<P>
-±¾ÎÄÔÊÐíÔÚ²»±ä¸üÎļþÄÚÈݵÄÇ°ÌáÏ¿¯µÇÔÚÈκÎÐÎʽµÄýÌåÖУ¬µ«Ðè±£Áô´ËÉùÃ÷¡£
-<P>
-·Ò룺<A href="mailto:address@hidden";>Ñý¹Â²ØÂí</A>
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-<!-- timestamp start -->
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+<!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
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+è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
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+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
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+
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+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+<p>Copyright © 1997 Tom Hull</p>
+
+<p>ä½ å¯ä»¥é¾æ¥è¿ä»½æ件ï¼å¹¶ä¸ï¼æè
éè¿çµåæ段æ¥ååå¸ä¹ã</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.zh-cn.html" -->
+<div class="translators-credits">
+
+<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
+<b>ç¿»è¯</b>ï¼å¦çè马ï¼2011ã<a
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+<b>ç¿»è¯å¢é</b>ï¼<a rel="team"
+href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn/";><CTT></a>ï¼2018ã</div>
+
+<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
+æåæ´æ°ï¼
+
+$Date: 2018/03/27 13:28:08 $
+
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+</p>
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+</div>
</body>
</html>
Index: po/free-world.zh-cn-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/free-world.zh-cn-en.html
diff -N po/free-world.zh-cn-en.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/free-world.zh-cn-en.html 27 Mar 2018 13:28:08 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<title>Only the Free World Can Stand Up to Microsoft
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-world.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Only the Free World Can Stand Up to Microsoft</h2>
+
+<p>by <strong>Tom Hull</strong></p>
+
+<div class="announcement">
+<blockquote><p>This article is part of our section
+of <a href="/philosophy/third-party-ideas.html">Third Party
+Ideas</a>.</p></blockquote>
+</div>
+
+<ol>
+<li>The reproduction and distribution cost of software is zero at
+the margin. This means that in theory it is no more
+expensive to produce software which can be freely distributed and
+used by everybody than it is to produce software for a limited
+clientele.</li>
+<li>The pricing of software bears no relationship to the cost of its
+development. The two factors that do matter are market size (which
+is limited by price and utility) and competition. Given a market
+for a software product, the maximum margin can be obtained by
+precluding or eliminating competition.</li>
+<li>Software companies that are able to thwart competition attain
+pinnacles of power which are inconceivable in other industries.
+Partly this is due to the enormous cash flows that are possible in the
+absence of competition from products with nil reproduction costs, but
+largely it is due to the complexity of software itself, which allows
+dominant companies to design “standards” which exclude
+future competition.</li>
+<li>All niche markets for software rapidly evolve toward monopoly or
+an equilibrium where a small number of players tacitly agree not
+to mutually destroy their profits. (Established companies can
+defend their market share by reducing their prices to practically
+nothing, making price competition suicidal for newcomers.) However,
+there are cases of asymetrical competition, where a large company
+with other sources of income can destroy a smaller company that
+depends on a single niche revenue stream.</li>
+<li>Microsoft has a secure revenue stream based on its dominant
+position in personal computer operating systems software, and uses the
+power inherent in that position to favor its other business activities
+with its ability to dictate “standards” and to undermine
+competition, especially where power (as opposed to mere money) is at
+stake.</li>
+<li>Capitalists invest in new software ventures with the hope of
+gaining a dominant position in a new niche market. There is
+essentially no new investment in existing niche markets, since it
+is impossible to compete with an established dominant player on
+the basis of lower costs and the possible gains of an uphill
+battle for a small share of a shrinking pie rarely justify the
+risks. In their wildest dreams these capitalists want nothing so
+much as to be just like Microsoft.</li>
+<li>The drive to restrain Microsoft under the rubric of antitrust law
+seems mostly to be the effort of companies who find their own power
+positions threatened by Microsoft's activities. They seek to make
+it harder for Microsoft to undermine their own businesses. However,
+they are fundamentally similar to Microsoft in that they don't
+question a world where technology companies working from private
+caches of intellectual property are able to control the use of that
+technology for their own best profit.</li>
+<li>In the market equation, demand is equal to, and in many ways the
+master of, production. Yet in the world we live in, production is
+highly organized and efficient and commands enormous financial
+resources and seductive powers of persuasion, while demand is
+fragmented, uninformed, and powerless. While consumers can still kill
+a product that they have no desire for, they are nearly powerless to
+direct or even influence the detailed designs of those products. For
+software products, consumers can only choose among a given set of
+alternatives, which are extremely complex, dauntingly impenetrable,
+and generally designed more for the company's anticompetitive purposes
+than for the user's tasks. (Even the old fashioned option of doing
+without is often impossible due to the intricate web of
+interdependencies as new hardware and software march in lock step into
+the future.)</li>
+<li>The real “killer software” is free software: software
+that is free of intellectual property claims; that is published in
+source code form, so can be inspected, evaluated, fixed and enhanced
+by anyone with a mind to do so; that is freely distributed and can be
+installed on machines and used without limit. Free software is the
+software that kills the closed, nefarious software product
+industry. It is software that users can select intelligently, to do
+today's tasks, and which they can collaboratively build on to handle
+future needs. Free software is the one thing that not even Microsoft
+can compete with.</li>
+<li>Still, there is one core problem: who pays for developing free
+software? The usual answer — which leads to all of the trouble
+above — is that investors pay for development, which they
+recover from their profits. The only real answer is that development
+costs must be paid for by users. The key point here is that what is
+paid for is not the distribution or use of the software, but its
+development, and that the development of free software implies that it
+can be used by anyone. I think there is a simple way to handle this:
+anyone who wants a piece of software developed or enhanced posts a
+“request-for-proposal,” including a sum that the requester
+is willing to contribute towards its development. Intermediary
+organizations can pool these requests, and interested parties can up
+the ante. Developers can then search through the current postings and
+bid on development work or work on spec. Developers can also post
+their own proposals, which users can then buy into.</li>
+<li>Free software can be developed less expensively than closed
+software products. Even for well paid professional developers,
+fully underwritten by conscientious users, the cost of free
+software would be significantly less than the premiums now being
+paid for empire building. The quality would be better, especially
+in terms of fitness for use. Free distribution would ensure
+maximum exposure and choice: a free market based purely on
+utility and quality. The service component of software would also
+open up: anyone who wanted to could start from the same code, to
+learn, support, and teach. The best service providers would
+succeed.</li>
+<li>Simple steps can get this movement underway: Form an initial
+organization to sort out the technical issues, suggest working
+arrangements, study the economics, hack out a legal framework, seed
+and coordinate the requests, and canvas for initial technology
+contributions (including the large body of currently available
+freeware), do some evangelical work. Urge large companies and
+organizations to budget a small fraction of their annual software
+outlays for proposals. Set up a review group for intellectual property
+issues, challenge dubious claims, and investigate the feasibility of
+buying and releasing rights to valid claims. Encourage the
+development of more local organizations — local to place, to
+industry, to niche, to taste — with the initial group breaking
+up or fading away: common methods and procedures, but no centralized
+control.</li>
+<li>Let's call this organization, this whole framework, “The
+Free World.” It stands for free and open knowledge, free and
+open development, software that works for you. Take a stand. Make a
+contribution. You have nothing to lose
+but <kbd>CTL-ALT-DEL</kbd>.</li>
+</ol>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>Additional notes can be found
+at <a href="/philosophy/free-world-notes.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-world-notes.html</a>.</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>
+Please send questions and comments regarding this specific page to Tom
+Hull <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 1997 Tom Hull</p>
+
+<p>You may link to this document and/or redistribute it
+electronically.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2018/03/27 13:28:08 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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