www/philosophy/po free-world.zh-cn.po

[Wensheng XIE]

CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     Wensheng XIE <wxie>     18/03/27 09:22:04

Added files:
        philosophy/po  : free-world.zh-cn.po 

Log message:
        zh-cn: new translation

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-world.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1

Patches:
Index: free-world.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: free-world.zh-cn.po
diff -N free-world.zh-cn.po
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ free-world.zh-cn.po 27 Mar 2018 13:22:02 -0000      1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+# Simplified Chinese translation of 
http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-world.html
+# Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# 妖狐藏马 <address@hidden>, 2011.
+# Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>, 2018.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: free-world.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-10-27 08:00+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-03-27 21:04+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Chinese <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"Only the Free World Can Stand Up to Microsoft - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"Foundation"
+msgstr "只有自由世界可以和微软抗衡 - GNU工程 - 
自由软件基金会"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "Only the Free World Can Stand Up to Microsoft"
+msgstr "只有自由世界可以和微软抗衡"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "by <strong>Tom Hull</strong>"
+msgstr "<strong>Tom Hull</strong> 著"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"This article is part of our section of <a href=\"/philosophy/third-party-"
+"ideas.html\">Third Party Ideas</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"本文是我们的<a 
href=\"/philosophy/third-party-ideas.html\">第三方观点</a>一节"
+"的一部分。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"The reproduction and distribution cost of software is zero at the margin. "
+"This means that in theory it is no more expensive to produce software which "
+"can be freely distributed and used by everybody than it is to produce "
+"software for a limited clientele."
+msgstr ""
+"软件复制和分发的利润趋于0。这意味着理论上，生产可以自由分发、供每个人使用的软"
+"件不会比生产供有限客户使用的软件更昂贵。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"The pricing of software bears no relationship to the cost of its "
+"development. The two factors that do matter are market size (which is "
+"limited by price and utility) and competition. Given a market for a software "
+"product, the maximum margin can be obtained by precluding or eliminating "
+"competition."
+msgstr ""
+"è½¯ä»¶çš„ä»·æ ¼å’Œå…¶å¼€å‘æˆæœ¬æ¯«æ— å…³ç³»ã€‚èµ·ä½œç”¨çš„ä¸¤ä¸ªå› ç´ 
æ˜¯å¸‚åœºå¤§å°ï¼ˆå—é™äºŽä»·æ ¼å’Œæ•ˆ"
+"用）与竞争。假如一个软件的市场大小给定，通过阻碍或消除竞争，它可以获得最大的"
+"利润。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Software companies that are able to thwart competition attain pinnacles of "
+"power which are inconceivable in other industries.  Partly this is due to "
+"the enormous cash flows that are possible in the absence of competition from "
+"products with nil reproduction costs, but largely it is due to the "
+"complexity of software itself, which allows dominant companies to design "
+"&ldquo;standards&rdquo; which exclude future competition."
+msgstr ""
+"æœ‰èƒ½åŠ›é˜»æŒ ç«žäº‰çš„è½¯ä»¶å…¬å¸å¯ä»¥èŽ·å¾—åœ¨å…¶ä»–è¡Œä¸šæ— 
æ³•æƒ³åƒçš„è‡³é«˜æƒåŠ›ã€‚å…¶éƒ¨åˆ†åŽŸå› æ˜¯äº§"
+"å“æ²¡æœ‰ç«žäº‰å¯¹æ‰‹è€Œä¸”å¤åˆ¶æˆæœ¬å‡ ä¹Žä¸º0使å…
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+"åŽŸå› æ˜¯è½¯ä»¶æœ¬èº«çš„å¤æ‚æ€§ï¼Œè¿™ç§å¤æ‚æ€§ä½¿å¾—å ä¸»å¯¼åœ°ä½çš„å…
¬å¸å¯ä»¥è®¾è®¡&ldquo;æ ‡å‡†"
+"&rdquo;来排除未来的竞争。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"All niche markets for software rapidly evolve toward monopoly or an "
+"equilibrium where a small number of players tacitly agree not to mutually "
+"destroy their profits. (Established companies can defend their market share "
+"by reducing their prices to practically nothing, making price competition "
+"suicidal for newcomers.) However, there are cases of asymetrical "
+"competition, where a large company with other sources of income can destroy "
+"a smaller company that depends on a single niche revenue stream."
+msgstr ""
+"所有软件的细分市场都快速进化为垄断，或者
形成一种少数玩家达成默契的平衡。（成"
+"ç†Ÿçš„å…¬å¸å¯ä»¥é€šè¿‡æ— é™åŽ‹ä½Žä»·æ ¼æ¥ç»´æŠ¤å…
¶å¸‚场份额，这种低价对新入行的公司是自杀性"
+"的。）不过，也有些不对称竞争的情况，这时有多种收å…
¥æ¥æºçš„å¤§å…¬å¸ä¼šæ‘§æ¯ä¾é 单一"
+"市场收入为生的小公司。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Microsoft has a secure revenue stream based on its dominant position in "
+"personal computer operating systems software, and uses the power inherent in "
+"that position to favor its other business activities with its ability to "
+"dictate &ldquo;standards&rdquo; and to undermine competition, especially "
+"where power (as opposed to mere money) is at stake."
+msgstr ""
+"微软凭借其在个人电脑操作系统软件的主导地位获得了安å…
¨çš„收入，并利用由该主导地"
+"ä½ç»§æ‰¿çš„æƒåŠ›æ¥ä¿ƒè¿›å®ƒçš„å…¶ä»–å•†ä¸šæ´»åŠ¨ï¼Œå› 
为它能够单独把持&ldquo;æ ‡å‡†&rdquo;å’Œç ´"
+"坏竞争，尤其是拥有权力（而非仅仅是金钱）的时候。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Capitalists invest in new software ventures with the hope of gaining a "
+"dominant position in a new niche market. There is essentially no new "
+"investment in existing niche markets, since it is impossible to compete with "
+"an established dominant player on the basis of lower costs and the possible "
+"gains of an uphill battle for a small share of a shrinking pie rarely "
+"justify the risks. In their wildest dreams these capitalists want nothing so "
+"much as to be just like Microsoft."
+msgstr ""
+"风险资本家投资新的软件å…
¬å¸æ˜¯å¸Œæœ›èƒ½å¤Ÿåœ¨æ–°çš„细分市场获得主导地位。现有的细分市"
+"åœºä¸ä¼šæœ‰ä»€ä¹ˆæ–°çš„æŠ•èµ„ï¼Œå› ä¸ºæ ¹æœ¬ä¸å¯èƒ½é 
低价和成熟的主导公司竞争，而且为了逐渐"
+"èŽç¼©çš„å°å¸‚åœºä»½é¢æ¥è¿›è¡Œæ¼«é•¿è€Œè‰°éš¾çš„æˆ˜æ–—å¤šåŠæ˜¯æ¯«æ— 
意义的冒险。这些风险资本家的"
+"ç‹‚é‡Žä¹‹æ¢¦ä¸æ˜¯åˆ«çš„ï¼Œè€Œæ˜¯åƒå¾®è½¯è¿™æ ·çš„å…¬å¸ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"The drive to restrain Microsoft under the rubric of antitrust law seems "
+"mostly to be the effort of companies who find their own power positions "
+"threatened by Microsoft's activities. They seek to make it harder for "
+"Microsoft to undermine their own businesses. However, they are fundamentally "
+"similar to Microsoft in that they don't question a world where technology "
+"companies working from private caches of intellectual property are able to "
+"control the use of that technology for their own best profit."
+msgstr ""
+"æ 
¹æ®ååž„断法来限制微软的活动看来主要是那些权力地位受到微软威胁的å
…¬å¸åŠªåŠ›ä¿ƒæˆ"
+"çš„ã€‚ä»–ä»¬è¦ä½¿å¾®è½¯ç ´åä»–ä»¬ç”Ÿæ„çš„éš¾åº¦åŠ 
å¤§ã€‚ä¸è¿‡ï¼Œä»–ä»¬åŸºæœ¬ä¸Šå’Œå¾®è½¯æ˜¯ç±»ä¼¼çš„ï¼Œå› ä¸º"
+"ä»–ä»¬ä¸ä¼šè´¨ç–‘æŠ€æœ¯å…¬å¸ä¾é 
对私有知识产权的控制来为自己谋取最大利润的现象。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"In the market equation, demand is equal to, and in many ways the master of, "
+"production. Yet in the world we live in, production is highly organized and "
+"efficient and commands enormous financial resources and seductive powers of "
+"persuasion, while demand is fragmented, uninformed, and powerless. While "
+"consumers can still kill a product that they have no desire for, they are "
+"nearly powerless to direct or even influence the detailed designs of those "
+"products.  For software products, consumers can only choose among a given "
+"set of alternatives, which are extremely complex, dauntingly impenetrable, "
+"and generally designed more for the company's anticompetitive purposes than "
+"for the user's tasks. (Even the old fashioned option of doing without is "
+"often impossible due to the intricate web of interdependencies as new "
+"hardware and software march in lock step into the future.)"
+msgstr ""
+"在市场的等式里，需求等于生产，而且在许多情
况下，需求是生产的主人。但是在我们"
+"生活的世界里，生产是高度组织化和有效率的，而且掌管着大量的财政资源和诱人的说"
+"æœåŠ›ï¼›è€Œéœ€æ±‚å´æ˜¯åˆ†æ•£çš„ã€ä¸ç»Ÿä¸€çš„å’Œæ¯«æ— 
权力的。虽然消费者也可以毁灭一个他们不"
+"æƒ³è¦çš„äº§å“ï¼Œä½†æ˜¯ä»–ä»¬å¯¹äº§å“è®¾è®¡çš„ç»†èŠ‚å‡ 
乎没有任何指导力或者是影响力。对于软件"
+"äº§å“ï¼Œæ¶ˆè´¹è€…åªæœ‰æœ‰é™çš„é€‰æ‹©ï¼Œè€Œä¸”æžç«¯å¤æ‚ï¼Œæ— 
限费解，通常为防止竞争的设计多于"
+"为完成用户任务的设计。（随着软硬件相互向前发展形成的错综复杂的å†
…部依赖网络，"
+"即使是老式的不做选择也常常是不可能的。）"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"The real &ldquo;killer software&rdquo; is free software: software that is "
+"free of intellectual property claims; that is published in source code form, "
+"so can be inspected, evaluated, fixed and enhanced by anyone with a mind to "
+"do so; that is freely distributed and can be installed on machines and used "
+"without limit. Free software is the software that kills the closed, "
+"nefarious software product industry. It is software that users can select "
+"intelligently, to do today's tasks, and which they can collaboratively build "
+"on to handle future needs. Free software is the one thing that not even "
+"Microsoft can compete with."
+msgstr ""
+"真正的&ldquo;杀手级软件&rdquo;是自由软件：不受知识产权限制的软件；å›
 为它以源"
+"ä»£ç æ–¹å¼å…
¬å¼€ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä»»ä½•æœ‰èƒ½åŠ›çš„人都可以查看、评估、修复和增强自由软件；它可以"
+"è‡ªç”±åœ°åˆ†å‘å¹¶èƒ½å¤Ÿæ— é™åˆ¶åœ°å®‰è£…
和使用。自由软件是消灭封闭、邪恶的软件工业的软"
+"件。它是用户能够凭智æ…
§é€‰æ‹©æ¥å®Œæˆå½“下任务的软件，也是用户可以协同工作处理将来"
+"ä»»åŠ¡çš„åŸºç¡€ã€‚è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªå³ä½¿æ˜¯å¾®è½¯ä¹Ÿæ— 
法抗衡的事物。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Still, there is one core problem: who pays for developing free software? The "
+"usual answer &mdash; which leads to all of the trouble above &mdash; is that "
+"investors pay for development, which they recover from their profits. The "
+"only real answer is that development costs must be paid for by users. The "
+"key point here is that what is paid for is not the distribution or use of "
+"the software, but its development, and that the development of free software "
+"implies that it can be used by anyone. I think there is a simple way to "
+"handle this: anyone who wants a piece of software developed or enhanced "
+"posts a &ldquo;request-for-proposal,&rdquo; including a sum that the "
+"requester is willing to contribute towards its development. Intermediary "
+"organizations can pool these requests, and interested parties can up the "
+"ante. Developers can then search through the current postings and bid on "
+"development work or work on spec. Developers can also post their own "
+"proposals, which users can then buy into."
+msgstr ""
+"然而，还有一个æ 
¸å¿ƒé—®é¢˜ï¼šè°æ¥ä¸ºè‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶çš„开发买单？通常的回答&mdash;会导致以上"
+"所有的麻烦&mdash;是投资者
为开发付账，然后通过利润回本。唯一真正的答案是用户来"
+"为开发买单。这里的重点是不为软件的分发和使用买单，而为软件的开发买单，并且自"
+"由软件的开发意味着任何人都可以使用它。我认为有一个简单的方法可以处理此事：任"
+"何想要一份新软件或者
想要一个软件的增强版的人可以发布一份&ldquo;需求建议"
+"&rdquo;，其中包
含她愿意为此项开发贡献的金钱。中介机构可以收集这些需求，而感å
…´"
+"趣的人可以提出更多要求。然后，开发者
就可以搜索现有的需求发布，并为开发工作或"
+"è§„æ ¼ä¹¦è®¾è®¡ç«žæ ‡ã€‚å¼€å‘è€…
也可以发布他们自己的方案，而用户可以众筹买单。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Free software can be developed less expensively than closed software "
+"products. Even for well paid professional developers, fully underwritten by "
+"conscientious users, the cost of free software would be significantly less "
+"than the premiums now being paid for empire building. The quality would be "
+"better, especially in terms of fitness for use. Free distribution would "
+"ensure maximum exposure and choice: a free market based purely on utility "
+"and quality. The service component of software would also open up: anyone "
+"who wanted to could start from the same code, to learn, support, and teach. "
+"The best service providers would succeed."
+msgstr ""
+"自由软件的开发可以比封闭软件耗费更少。即使雇佣高薪的职业开发è€
…，并完全由尽责"
+"的用户支持，自由软件的成本也会明显比现在付给软件帝国的费用要低。质量也会更"
+"好，特别是从适用性来说。自由发布会保证最大的曝å…
‰å’Œé€‰æ‹©ï¼šä¸€ä¸ªçº¯ç²¹å»ºç«‹åœ¨æ˜“用和"
+"质量之上的自由市场。软件服务行业也会开放：任何人只要愿意都可以从同æ
 ·çš„ä»£ç åš"
+"èµ·ï¼Œå­¦ä¹ 
、技术支持和教授自由软件。最优质的服务团队应该会成功。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Simple steps can get this movement underway: Form an initial organization to "
+"sort out the technical issues, suggest working arrangements, study the "
+"economics, hack out a legal framework, seed and coordinate the requests, and "
+"canvas for initial technology contributions (including the large body of "
+"currently available freeware), do some evangelical work. Urge large "
+"companies and organizations to budget a small fraction of their annual "
+"software outlays for proposals. Set up a review group for intellectual "
+"property issues, challenge dubious claims, and investigate the feasibility "
+"of buying and releasing rights to valid claims.  Encourage the development "
+"of more local organizations &mdash; local to place, to industry, to niche, "
+"to taste &mdash; with the initial group breaking up or fading away: common "
+"methods and procedures, but no centralized control."
+msgstr ""
+"ç®€å•å‡ 
步就可以使该项运动起步：成立一个初创组织来整理技术问题、建议工作流程、"
+"ç 
”究经济生态、构建法律框架、发起和协调需求、勾画初始的技术贡献（åŒ
…括现有的宏"
+"å¤§è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶åº“ï¼‰ä»¥åŠåšè¯¥åšçš„ä¼ æ’­å’ŒæŽ¨å¹¿ã€‚æ•¦ä¿ƒå¤§åž‹å…
¬å¸å’Œç»„织花费少部分年度软件预"
+"算来竞æ 
‡ã€‚设立监察小组来处理知识产权问题、质疑可疑的案例以及调查维护合法è€
…权"
+"益的可能性。鼓励更多的本地开发&mdash;本地化、行业化、细分化和定制化&mdash;这"
+"æ ·åˆåˆ›ç»„ç»‡å°±ä¼šé€æ­¥è§£ä½“å¹¶é€€å‡ºï¼šå…
±åŒçš„方法和过程，但是去中心化控制。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Let's call this organization, this whole framework, &ldquo;The Free World."
+"&rdquo; It stands for free and open knowledge, free and open development, "
+"software that works for you. Take a stand. Make a contribution. You have "
+"nothing to lose but <kbd>CTL-ALT-DEL</kbd>."
+msgstr ""
+"让我们称这个组织、整个框架为&ldquo;自由世界&rdquo;。它代表的是自由和开放的知"
+"è¯†ã€è‡ªç”±å’Œå¼€æ”¾çš„å¼€å‘ã€ä¸ºä½ 
所用的软件。请表明立场。请做出贡献。除了丢弃"
+"<kbd>CTL-ALT-DEL</kbd><sup><a href=\"#TransNote1\">1</a></sup>ä¹‹å¤–ï¼Œä½ 
æ¯«æ— æŸ"
+"失。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Additional notes can be found at <a href=\"/philosophy/free-world-notes.html"
+"\"> http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-world-notes.html</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"可在<a href=\"/philosophy/free-world-notes.html\">http://www.gnu.org/";
+"philosophy/free-world-notes.html</a>参看额外的注解。"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+"<h3>译注</h3>\n"
+"<ol>\n"
+"<li 
id=\"TransNote1\"><kbd>CTL-ALT-DEL</kbd>，微软Windows系统的重启组合键，此"
+"处代指微软为首的专属软件。</li>\n"
+"</ol>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send questions and comments regarding this specific page to Tom Hull "
+"<a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"请将关于此页面的问题和评论直接发给Tom Hull<a 
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";
+"\">&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a 
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";
+"\">&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.  There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other 
ways "
+"to contact</a> the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions "
+"can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden"
+"org&gt;</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"请将有å…
³è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶åŸºé‡‘会（FSF）&amp;GNU的一般性问题发送到<a 
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+"address@hidden">&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>。也可以通过<a 
href=\"/contact/\">其他联"
+"系方法</a>联系自由软件基金会(FSF)ã€‚è¯·å°†æ— æ•ˆé“¾æŽ¥ï¼Œå…
¶ä»–错误或建议发送给<a href="
+"\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>。"
+
+#
+#
+#
+#.  TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#.         replace it with the translation of these two:
+#.         We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#.         translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#.         Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#.         to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
+#.         &lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
+#.         <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#.         our web pages, see <a
+#.         href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#.         README</a>. 
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"若您想翻译本文，请参看<a 
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
+"翻译须知</a>。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright &copy; 1997 Tom Hull"
+msgstr "Copyright &copy; 1997 Tom Hull"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "You may link to this document and/or redistribute it electronically."
+msgstr "ä½ å¯ä»¥é“¾æŽ¥è¿™ä»½æ–‡ä»¶ï¼Œå¹¶ä¸”ï¼æˆ–è€…
通过电子手段来再发布之。"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"<b>翻译</b>：妖狐藏马，2011。<a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;"
+"address@hidden&gt;</a><br></br>\n"
+"<b>翻译团队</b>：<a rel=\"team\" 
href=\"https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/";
+"www-zh-cn/\">&lt;CTT&gt;</a>，2018。"
+
+#.  timestamp start 
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "最后更新："