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From: |
Dora Scilipoti |
|
Subject: |
www/education/draft edu-cases.html edu-cases-ar... |
|
Date: |
Thu, 26 Dec 2013 12:34:54 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Dora Scilipoti <dora> 13/12/26 12:34:53
Removed files:
education/draft: edu-cases.html edu-cases-argentina.html
edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html
edu-cases-india.html
edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html
edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html education.html
edu-contents.html edu-faq.html edu_hp_v2.1.html
edu-misc.html edu-projects.html
edu-resources.html edu-software.html
edu-software-gcompris.html
edu-software-gimp.html
edu-software-tuxpaint.html
edu-software-tuxpaint1.html
edu-software-tuxpaint2.html
edu-system-india.html edu-team.html
edu-why.html other_v0.html resources_v0.html
who-uses_v0.html
Log message:
Remove obsolete files.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-cases.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-cases-argentina.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-cases-india.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.10&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.10&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/education.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.12&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-contents.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-faq.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu_hp_v2.1.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-misc.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-projects.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-resources.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-software.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-software-gcompris.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.8&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-software-gimp.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.6&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-software-tuxpaint.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-software-tuxpaint1.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-software-tuxpaint2.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-system-india.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.7&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-team.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/edu-why.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/other_v0.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/resources_v0.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/draft/who-uses_v0.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
Patches:
Index: edu-cases.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-cases.html
diff -N edu-cases.html
--- edu-cases.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,139 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
- <title>Case Studies - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Case Studies</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education
Contents</a></li>
- <li class="active"><a
href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The
Education Team</a></li>
- </ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> → Case Studies</p>
-
-<p>We perform worldwide research to examine cases of private and public
-educational institutions as well as informal educational environments
-that have successfully implemented the use of Free Software. We do not
-attempt to build a comprehensive database here. Instead, we present
-specific cases of success, in the belief that testimony will be
-inspiring to anyone considering first time installation or migration to
-Free Software.</p>
-
-<p>If you know of a case that could be included here, please contact us
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>
-to let us know.</p>
-
-<!-- Begin country-wise Index. Add countries in alphabetical order -->
-
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-argentina.html">Argentina</a> |
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-india.html">India</a>
-
-<!-- End of Country-wise Index -->
-
-<!-- Begin country-wise Section. Add new countries in alphabetical order -->
-
-<h3 id="Argentina">Argentina</h3>
-
-<!-- Add entries under corresponding country in alphabetical order by the name
of the school -->
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html">Escuela
-Cristiana Evangélica de Neuquén (ECEN)</a> <br />
-An elementary teacher with little technical skills manages to get her
-school to migrate all work stations, including the administration
-offices and the library.</p>
-
-<h3 id="India">India</h3>
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html">Ambedkar Community
-Computing Center (AC3)</a> <br />
-A group of Free Software advocates in Bangalore teaches computer skills
-to underprivileged children using exclusively Free systems and
-programs.</p>
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html">Vocational Higher
-Secondary School Irimpanam (VHSS Irimpanam)</a> <br />
-One of the several thousand schools that migrated completely to Free
-Software under the government's project address@hidden</p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: edu-cases-argentina.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-cases-argentina.html
diff -N edu-cases-argentina.html
--- edu-cases-argentina.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
- <title>Case Studies in Argentina - GNU Project - Free Software
- Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Case Studies in Argentina</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li class="active"><a
href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The
Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a> → Argentina</p>
-
-<p>Argentina's administrative territory is divided into twenty three
-political autonomous states called provinces. These provinces develop
-their own educational policy, attending just to certain basic guidelines
-from the National Government. This allows educational institutions to
-adapt their curricula to their local needs. Learn more about the
-<a href= "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina#Education";>education
-system of Argentina</a> in Wikipedia.</p>
-
-<p>Below are listed some of the educational institutions in Argentina
-who are using Free Software.</p>
-
-<!-- Add new entries of educational institutions in this country in
-alphabetical order by the name of the institution -->
-
-<a href= "/education/edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html">
-Escuela Cristiana Evangélica de Neuquén (ECEN)</a>
-
-<p>An elementary teacher with little technical skills manages to get her
-school to completely migrate to Free Software on the grounds that
-proprietary software is against the moral and ethical values promoted by
-the school.</p>
-
-<a href=" /education/edu-cases.html">Back to Case Studies</a>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-cases-argentina.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html
diff -N edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html
--- edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
- <title>Escuela Cristiana Evangélica de Neuquén (ECEN)-
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Escuela Cristiana Evangélica de Neuquén (ECEN)</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education
Contents</a></li>
- <li class="active"><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case
Studies</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational
Resources</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education
Projects</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education
Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-argentina.html">Argentina</a> →
-Escuela Cristiana Evangélica de Neuquén (ECEN)</p>
-
-<p>The following information was extracted from a report submitted to us
-by ECEN Elementary Teacher Debora Badilla Huento. Her commitment played
-a key role in raising Free Software awareness and ultimately getting
-the school to migrate.</p>
-
-<div class="edu-cases">
-
-<h3>Location</h3>
-
-<p>City of Neuquén, capital of the
-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuquen_Province";>
-Province of Neuquén</a>, in the Argentine Patagonia Region.</p>
-
-<h3>About</h3>
-
-<p>We are a private Christian school providing education from
-pre-elementary to high school levels in accord with state educational
requirements.</p>
-
-<p>In Argentina, each province develops its own educational policy. In
-the case of the province of Neuquén, teaching computer science at
-elementary schools is not obligatory. Actually, computer science is an
-extracurricular subject.</p>
-
-<h3>Motivation</h3>
-
-<p>Our school advocates the ideals of solidarity, honesty, excellence in
-education, the observance of law, the constant search for truth, justice
-and love in all daily activities. Using and teaching proprietary
-software was in contrast with these values. School directors and
-teachers were also overwhelmed by software license management and by the
-many restrictions that the terms of those licenses imposed on the
-school.</p>
-
-<p>Educational quality and long term goals were also taken into account
-during the decision process. It is our understanding that training
-students on how to use a specific brand of software is far from the
-mission of a school.</p>
-
-<h3>How We Did It</h3>
-
-<p>The whole process lasted four years: we started in 2006 with all our
-work stations using proprietary software and concluded in 2010 with full
-free operating systems and programs in all the school's computers,
-including the administration offices and the library.</p>
-
-<p>The plan consisted mainly of several measures aimed at raising
-awareness about the philosophical, ethical and socio-political
-implications of the use of technology. This fundamental aspect was
-maintained and underlined during the whole process and put into practice
-by the gradual substitution of existing proprietary programs with Free
-Libre Software programs.</p>
-
-<p>During the first year we introduced some theoretical courses, namely
-"Computer Science History" and "Introduction to Computer Architecture".
-We also covered the legal aspects of software such as the various types
-of licenses, and we talked about the commitment of Free Software users
-and developers to the community.</p>
-
-<p>Training courses were given to high school level teachers in the IT
-and all other areas, to teachers of the elementary level, to the Board
-of Directors and administration staff, and to the librarian.</p>
-
-<p>The following human resources were employed to carry out the
-migration: </p>
-
-<ul>
- <li>1 Computer Science teacher for the pre-elementary and elementary
- levels. This teacher is also in charge of maintaining the computers
- in the classroom and qualifying other teachers and school staff in the
- use of the operating system.</li>
- <li>5 Computer Science teachers for the high school Level.</li>
- <li>1 PC and network technician in charge of repairing the
computers
- of the high school level.</li>
- <li>1 Free Software programmer hired to write the
Administrative
- Management System.</li>
- <li>1 IT Professor hired to qualify the school staff.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>Migration costs were affordable and well within the school's
-budget:</p>
-
-<ul>
- <li>PC Repairs: In 2006, ECEN hired a computer technician who
was
- provided with Free Software documentation and a DVD of the
operating
- system in use. The school has been working with him since
then.</li>
- <li>Training: 60 training hours to qualify the school
staff.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3>Commitment to Free Software</h3>
-
-<p>As of 2010, we are using fully free operating systems, non in dual
-boot, as follows:</p>
-
-<ul>
- <li>22 PC in the pre-elementary and primary classrooms (4-12
years
- old students)</li>
- <li>24 PC in the high school classrooms (13-17 years old
students)</li>
- <li>7 PC in the administration offices</li>
- <li>3 PC in the library</li>
- <li>1 notebook in the video classroom</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>Some of the Free Libre programs we use are:</p>
-
-<ul>
- <li>Office automation: OpenOffice.org</li>
- <li>Typing: Ktouch</li>
- <li>Graphic design: GIMP</li>
- <li>Web browsers: Firefox</li>
- <li>Architectural design: Qcad</li>
- <li>Graphical design: Scribus</li>
- <li>Video: Open Shot Video</li>
- <li>3D animation: Blender</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3>Results</h3>
-
-<p>We found the migration experience quite positive and we decided to
-adopt a Free Software environment for all work stations. In October 2009 the
school sponsored the Software Freedom Day in the city of San Martín de
los Andes.</p>
-
-<p>Although it required dedication and perseverance, the process was pleasant.
Now we disseminate what we've learned in order to help other educational
communities.</p>
-
-</div> <!-- class="edu-cases" -->
-
-<p>We would like to express our appreciation for the excellent work done to
all the people involved in the migration effort.</p>
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Back to Case Studies</a></p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a
href="/education/edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: edu-cases-india.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-cases-india.html
diff -N edu-cases-india.html
--- edu-cases-india.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.10
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,137 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
- <title>Case Studies in India - GNU Project - Free Software
- Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-
-<h2>Case Studies in India</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li class="active"><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
- <a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>→
- <a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a>→ India</p>
-
-
-<p>An <a href="/education/edu-system-india.html">article</a> by Indian
-scientist Dr. V. Sasi Kumar which explains in detail how the education
-system is structured in India, with significant notes on its development
-throughout history. The article also covers the case of Kerala, the
-state in India which successfully implemented Free Software in thousands
-of schools thanks to the government's project
-<a href="https://www.itschool.gov.in/";>address@hidden</a>.</p>
-
-<p>Some notions on the
-<a href= "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_India";>education
-system of India</a> can also be found in Wikipedia.</p>
-
-<p>Below are listed some of the educational institutions in India who
-are using Free Software.</p>
-
-
- <!-- Add new entries of educational institutions in this
country in
-alphabetical order by the name of the institution -->
-
-<a href= "/education/edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html">Ambedkar Community
-Computing Center (AC3)</a>
-
-<p>A group of Free Software advocates set up a computing center in a
-slum in Bangalore to teach computer skills to underprivileged
-children.</p>
-
-<a href= "/education/edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html">Vocational Higher
-Secondary School Irimpanam (VHSS Irimpanam)</a>
-
-<p>One of the several thousand schools that are using exclusively Free
-Software as the result of a
-<a href= "https://www.itschool.gov.in/";>project</a>
-carried out by the government in the state of Kerala.</p>
-
-<a href=" /education/edu-cases.html">Back to Case Studies</a>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-cases-india.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html
diff -N edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html
--- edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,189 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
- <title>Ambedkar Community Computing Center (AC3) - GNU Project - Free
Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Ambedkar Community Computing Center (AC3)</h2>
-
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li class="active"><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="education.html">Education</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-india.html">India</a> → Ambedkar Community
Computing Center (AC3)</p>
-
-<p>The following information was submitted to us by the group of volunteers
working at the Center.</p>
-
-<div class="edu-cases">
-
-<h3>Location</h3>
-
-<p>The Center is located in the Sudharshan Layout off Bannerghatta Road
-in Bangalore, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnataka#Education";>
-State of Karnataka</a>, India.</p>
-
-<h3>About</h3>
-
-<p>The <a href="http://slumdweller.wikispaces.com/Community+Computing+Center";>
-Ambedkar Community Computing Center</a> is not a private or public
-educational institution, it is a computing education center run by
-youths from a local group called Ambedkar Sanga that works in the slums
-of the area.</p>
-
-<p>The Center was founded in 2007 in an effort to bring the world of
-computers close to underprivileged children and youths who otherwise
-would have little opportunity to get in contact with this technology.</p>
-
-<p>The group consists of around 15 children and young boys and girls
-from 13 to 23 years old. They attend classes 3 times a week for 2 hours
-each session.</p>
-
-<h3>Motivation</h3>
-
-<p>The area in which this Center is located lacks even the most basic
-living conditions. We feel that the kids from this place should get a
-good thirst for Freedom while learning computing too, and Free Software
-serves this purpose. Free Software is a way to talk about Freedom.</p>
-
-<h3>How We Did It</h3>
-
-<a href=" /education/misc/ambedkar.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/ambedkar-sm.jpg" style="float: right"
-width="320" height="355" alt="Image of a student handing a copy of
-the essay 'The Future is Ours' to Richard Stallman."/></a>
-
-<p>No migration process was involved. We are Free Software advocates so
-we started directly by installing Free Software in all computers in use;
-therefore, we haven't faced any particular difficulties in setting up
-the systems. Our main difficulty regards the lack of hardware. We use
-only laptops, and we need as many as we can get. We rely on donations
-for our work.</p>
-
-<h3>Commitment to Free Software</h3>
-
-<p>We have five work stations, all of which are laptops and all of them
-run fully free operating systems.</p>
-
-<p>All of the programs we use are Free Libre software. For example, we
-use LibreOffice for spreadsheets and for general document writing, and
-GIMP for graphics.</p>
-
-<h3>Results</h3>
-
-<p>Browsing the web using Free Software helps these young boys and girls
-to have access to the external world in safety and confidence. Free
-Libre graphic programs such as GIMP allow them to express their
-creativity freely and easily.</p>
-
-<p>One of the underprivileged kids who attends classes at the Center
-has achieved a high level of skill in the use of GIMP. His works have
-been presented and sold at a local Free Software conference. The picture
-above shows him handing in to Richard Stallman a copy of an essay
-titled "The Future is Ours", which was produced at the Center. More
-<a href="http://www.fsmk.org/node/14#";>pictures</a> of Richard
-Stallman's visit to the Center.</p>
-
-<p>Some of the kids who attend our classes also take computing courses
-at school. They report that the skills they learn at the Center are of
-invaluable help for them to follow and pass those courses
-successfully.</p>
-
-</div> <!-- class="edu-cases" -->
-
-<p>We are informed that the outstanding effort of Free Software
-volunteers is expanding in these deprived areas of the city, with
-remarkable results. If you would like to contribute or donate laptops to
-this group, please contact us at
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<h4>Credits</h4>
-
-<p>Image courtesy of Dora Scilipoti, licensed under CC-BY-SA,
-<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/";>
-Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported</a>.</p>
-
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-india.html">More Case Studies
-in India</a> <br />
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Back to Case Studies</a>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a
href="/education/edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html
diff -N edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html
--- edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.10
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,273 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
-<title>Vocational Higher Secondary School Irimpanam - GNU Project -
-Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-
-<h2>Vocational Higher Secondary School Irimpanam</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li class="active"><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="education.html">Education</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-india.html">India</a> → Vocational
-Higher Secondary School Irimpanam</p>
-
-<p>The following report is based on information provided to us by the
-school's staff.</p>
-
-<div class="edu-cases">
-
-<h3>Location</h3>
-
-<p>The school is located in Irimpanam, an area close to the city of
-Tripunithura, in the Ernakulam district of the
-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerala#Education";> State of
-Kerala</a>, India.</p>
-
-<h3>About</h3>
-
-<p>Founded in 1940, the <a href="http://vhssirimpanam.org/";>Vocational
-Higher Secondary School Irimpanam</a> is a privately owned school aided
-by the State. It offers instruction from Upper Primary to High School
-levels (grades 5 to 7 and 8 to 10 respectively). Nearly 1,000 students
-from 10 to 15 years old attend the school.</p>
-
-<h3>Motivation</h3>
-
-<p>Our institution took special interest in promoting the main aspects
-of the philosophy of the GNU Project, such as the freedom to share
-knowledge and the freedom to cooperate with our community by
-contributing improvements to computer programs. This awareness about
-Swathanthra Software <a href="#swathanthra">(1)</a> was largely the
-result of what we learned at the meetings organized by the
-<a href="http://www.ilug-cochin.org/";> Indian Libre User Group
-(ILUG-Cochin)</a> in the nearby city of Kochi. Attending those meetings
-also helped us to work in close connection with the Free Software
-community.</p>
-
-<h3>How We Did It</h3>
-
-<p>The migration to Free Software in our school was the result of a
-project designed and established by the Government of Kerala, called
-<a href="https://www.itschool.gov.in/";>address@hidden</a>. The project,
-started in 2001, involved several thousand schools in Kerala and in 2006
-it switched completely to Free Software.</p>
-
-<div style="width: 300px; height: 260px; margin: 30px; float: right;">
-
-<p><a href=" /education/misc/irimpanam-school.jpg">
-<img src=" /education/misc/irimpanam-school-sm.jpg"
-alt="Image of students at a Free Software event."/></a></p>
-
-<p>Students at a Free Software event organized by SSK VHSS Irimpanam.</p>
-
-</div> <!-- style="width: 300px; height: 260px..." -->
-
-<p>Training courses for teachers were implemented by the government to
-teach us the basics of the new Free Operating System and how to
-install it. The new system was customized for the first time by
-<a href="http://space-kerala.org/node/10/";>SPACE</a>, an agency based in
-Kerala that promotes the use of Free Software in the private and public
-sectors. SPACE, as well as local Swathanthra Software users groups,
-played a fundamental role during the process by providing constant
-support to teachers. One of the workshops organized by SPACE helped us
-to build the website of our school using Free Software.</p>
-
-<p>Training was not limited to software, it also included teaching the
-basics of hardware maintenance to teachers and students. In our school,
-10 years old students know how to assemble a PC.</p>
-
-<p>The use of Free programs in the classroom was facilitated by the
-implementation of training modules aimed at instructing teachers on the
-use of specific programs for teaching various subjects.
-For example, there was a training module for teachers of Mathematics on
-how to use <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/drgeo/";>Dr Geo</a>
-for teaching geometry, another one for teachers of Chemistry on how to
-draw organic molecules using
-<a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/chemtool/";>Chemtool</a>, and
-many others.</p>
-
-<p>Other training activities were conducted jointly by the school and
-ILUG-Cochin to teach us the use of different Free Software applications
-such as Blender, Inkscape, and the command line interface.</p>
-
-<p>The school has also opened an
-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat";>IRC</a>
-channel where students can ask questions about issues they may encounter.</p>
-
-<h3>Commitment to Free Software</h3>
-
-<p>At the beginning the new system was used on a dual-boot basis,
-because we teachers were not familiar with Free Software, but we
-soon got acquainted with it to a great extent. At present, no
-proprietary systems are installed in any of our computers and no
-proprietary programs are being used. Only Free Software is being used in
-the classroom and in the administration offices.</p>
-
-<p>We use a wide range of free programs in the classroom, such as
-<a href= "http://directory.fsf.org/project/gimp/";>GIMP</a>,
-<a href= "http://directory.fsf.org/project/TuxPaint/";>TuxPaint</a>,
-<a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/audacity/";>Audacity</a>,
-<a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/gperiodic/";>GPeriodic</a> and
-<a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/openoffice/";>LibreOffice</a>,
-but there are many others.</p>
-
-<p>Students are also introduced to the programming language Python as
-from grade 8 (13 years old).</p>
-
-<div style="width: 320px; height: 280px; padding: 15px; margin: 15px; float:
right;">
-
-<a href=" /education/misc/tuxpaint.jpg">
-<img src=" /education/misc/tuxpaint-sm.jpg"
-alt="Image of the TuxPaint interface in Malayalam showing the stamp for
-the Adeenia flower." /></a>
-
-<p><a href="/education/misc/adeenia.ogg">Listen</a> to a student
-pronounce the name of the Adeenia flower in Malayalam.</p>
-
-</div> <!-- style="width: 320px; height: 280px..." -->
-
-<h3>Results</h3>
-
-<p>Education in the State of Kerala has become "IT-enabled", meaning
-that students are getting first hand technology knowledge while learning
-regular curriculum subjects outside the IT Lab. This is possible due to
-the large number of high quality educational applications available in
-GNU/Linux.</p>
-
-<p>The transparency and the cooperative method of Free Software helped
-students and teachers to dive deep into technology and made them capable
-of contributing to the community in various ways. One important
-contribution was the localization of the interface of
-<a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/TuxPaint/";>TuxPaint</a> in
-Malayalam, our mother tongue.</p>
-
-<p>Another contribution was the addition of new stamps in TuxPaint.
-Native flowers were photographed and the pictures edited by 6th and 7th
-grade students using the image editing program GIMP.</p>
-
-<p>The resulting images were then integrated in TuxPaint with the name
-of the flowers written in Malayalam. As a plus, students recorded with
-their own voices the name of the flowers, so when the user selects one
-of the stamps, she will hear the name of the flower in Malayalam.</p>
-
-<p>Both activities were promoted by Swathanthra Software Koottayma of
-VHSS Irimpanam <a href="http://sskvhssirimpanam.wordpress.com/";>
-(SSK VHSS Irimpanam)</a>, a Free Software group of teachers and students
-based on the school. Its aim is to build awareness on the philosophy of
-Free Software and to introduce new applications in GNU/Linux as a way of
-contributing to the community. The group organizes monthly meetings and
-it performs various kinds of activities to encourage its members to
-experiment and explore Free Software so as to put into practice the
-freedoms that it grants.</p>
-
-<p>As a way of keeping in touch and sharing experiences with other
-schools and with the Free Software community, teachers and students each
-year participate in events such as the National Free Software Conference
-and the Cyber Safe Day.</p>
-
-</div> <!-- class="edu-cases" -->
-
-<p>The commitment and the collaboration of teachers, students and local
-groups was essential to the success of this large scale government
-project.</p>
-
-<p>(1) <a id="swathanthra"></a>Swathanthra is the Sanskrit word for
-"free" as in freedom.</p>
-
-<h4>Credits</h4>
-
-<p>Credits for both images shown on this page, as well as for the audio
-file, go to Swathanthra Software Koottayma of VHSS Irimpanam, who
-released them under a
-<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/";>
-Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported</a> License.</p>
-
-<p> <a href="/education/edu-cases-india.html">More Case Studies in India</a>
<br />
- <a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Back to Case
Studies</a></p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a
href="/education/edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: education.html
===================================================================
RCS file: education.html
diff -N education.html
--- education.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:45 -0000 1.12
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,180 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
-<title>Free Software and Education - GNU Project - Free Software
-Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Free Software and Education</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case
Studies</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The
Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<div class="center">
-<h3>What Does Free Software Have To Do With Education?</h3>
-</div>
-
-<p>Software freedom has an especially important role in education.
-Educational institutions of all levels should use and teach Free
-Software because it is the only software that allows them to accomplish
-their essential missions: to disseminate human knowledge and to prepare
-students to be good members of their community. The source code and the
-methods of Free Software are part of human knowledge. On the contrary,
-proprietary software is secret, restricted knowledge, which is the
-opposite of the mission of educational institutions. Free Software
-supports education, proprietary software forbids education.</p>
-
-<p>Free Software is not just a technical question; it is an ethical,
-social, and political question. It is a question of the human rights
-that the users of software ought to have. Freedom and cooperation are
-essential values of Free Software. The GNU System implements these
-values and the principle of sharing, since sharing is good and
-beneficial to human progress.</p>
-
-<p>To learn more, see the
-<a href=" /philosophy/free-sw.html">Free Software definition</a>
-and our article on
-<a href=" /philosophy/shouldbefree.html">why software should be free</a>
-(as in freedom).</p>
-
-<div class="yui-gc">
- <div class="yui-u first">
-
-<h2>The Basics</h2>
-
-<p>In this six-minutes video
-<a href="http://www.fsf.org/about/leadership/#rms";>Richard Stallman</a>
-explains briefly and to the point the principles of Free Software and
-how they connect to education.</p>
-
-<p>Transcriptions of this video are available in
-<a href="/education/misc/rms-education-es-translation-to-en.txt">
-English</a> and
-<a href="/education/misc/rms-education-es-transcription.txt">
-Spanish.</a></p>
-
-<p> SubRip subtitle files are also available for download in
-<a href="/education/misc//rms-education-es-sub-en.srt"> English</a> and
-<a href="/education/misc//rms-education-es-sub-es.srt">Spanish.</a></p>
-
-
-<video id="rms-movie" width="512" height="288" preload controls>
-
-<source src="http://audio-video.gnu.org/video/rms-education-es-sub-en.ogv";
-type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
-
-</video>
-
-<p>Download video as
-<a href="http://audio-video.gnu.org/video/rms-education-es-sub-en.ogv";>
-Ogg Theora</a>.</p>
-
-<p>The GNU Project was
-<a href=" /gnu/initial-announcement.html">launched</a> in 1983 by
-Richard Stallman to develop a Free Libre operating system: the GNU
-operating system. As a result, today it is possible for anyone to use a
-computer in freedom.</p>
-
-</div>
-<div class="yui-u">
-
-<h2>In Depth</h2>
-
-<p>Learn about the <a href="/education/edu-why.html">Reasons Why</a>
-educational institutions should use and teach exclusively Free Software.</p>
-
-<p>An article by Richard Stallman:
-<a href="/philosophy/schools.html">Why Schools Should Exclusively Use
-Free Software</a></p>
-
-<p>An article by Dr. V. Sasi Kumar on the
-<a href="/education/edu-system-india.html">education system in India.</a></p>
-
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-
-</div> <!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.
-<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:45 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/education.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: edu-contents.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-contents.html
diff -N edu-contents.html
--- edu-contents.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,166 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
- <title>Free Software and Education - Table of Contents -
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Free Software and Education - Table of Contents</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li class="active">
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>
→
-Education Contents</p>
-
-<p>The Education section of the GNU Project is about the importance of
-using and teaching exclusively Free Software in all educational
-institutions. It presents articles on the subject, cases of success in
-implementing Free Software in schools and universities around the world,
-examples of Free programs used in the classroom to the benefit of
-teachers and students alike, and Free Software education projects
-carried out by organizations and governments worldwide.</p>
-
-<h3>Table of Contents</h3>
-
-<p><a href="/education/education.html">Education Main Page</a></p>
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></p>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases-argentina.html">Argentina</a>
- <ul>
- <li><a href=
"/education/edu-cases-argentina-ecen.html">Escuela
- Cristiana Evangélica de Neuquén</a></li>
- </ul>
- </li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases-india.html">India</a>
- <ul>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-cases-india-ambedkar.html">Ambedkar
- Community Computer Center</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html">VHSS
- Irimpanam</a></li>
- </ul>
- </li>
-</ul>
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Free Learning Resources</a></p>
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-software.html">Educational Free Software</a></p>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a
href="/education/edu-software-gcompris.html">GCompris</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-software-tuxpaint.html">Tux Paint</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Other Education Groups
-Projects</a></p>
-
-<p><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a> </p>
-
-<p><strong>Articles</strong></p>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-why.html">Reasons Why</a>
educational
-institutions should use and teach exclusively Free Software.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/education/edu-system-india.html">The Education System in
-India</a>.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: edu-faq.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-faq.html
diff -N edu-faq.html
--- edu-faq.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,176 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Educational Frequently Asked Questions - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Educational Frequently Asked Questions</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li class="active">
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>
→
-FAQ</p>
-
-<p>Many Free Software advocates encounter difficulties when talking to
-the administrators of educational institutions about the advantages of
-using and teaching Free Software. Often school administrators have never
-heard of Free Software or have heard only about Open Source, so they
-raise many doubts. Here we put together some of the most common
-questions and the best possible answers to eliminate uncertainties.</p>
-
-<dl>
- <dt>As a teacher, I've been trying hard to explain to the
- school's administrators the advantages that Open Source
software can
- bring to our school, but they don't seem to be
interested.</dt>
-
- <dd>
- <p>Open Source refers only to the technical
advantages of software.
- Schools may not be interested in that aspect
since most probably
- technical requirements are already satisfied by
the proprietary
- software in use. You need to talk to them in
terms of Free Libre
- Software, not Open Source, so that you can explain to them
the
- philosophical and ethical reasons why educational
institutions
- should reject proprietary software.</p>
- <p>See the <a
href="/education/edu-why.html">Reasons
- Why</a> educational institutions should use and
teach
- exclusively Free Software.</p>
- </dd>
-
- <dt>I would love to see all schools migrate to Free
Software, but I
- think it's hopeless. Proprietary software companies
have too much
- power, even over schools. The situation is
discouraging.</dt>
-
- <dd>
- <p>While it is true that proprietary software
corporations have
- managed to impose their products on society by
using schools as
- propaganda agents, it is also true that many
schools around the
- world have adopted Free Software with excellent
results. See our
- <a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case
Studies</a> section
- for some examples.</p>
-
- <p>When we started the GNU Project back in
1983, the situation was
- very discouraging for us too. We started from
zero, and today
- millions of people around the world use Free
Libre Software.</p>
- </dd>
-
- <dt>I am the head of a technical institute and I would
like to teach
- our students the use and administration of a Free Libre
platform, but
- I have to comply with the curriculum established by the
Ministry of
- Education, which requires the teaching of proprietary
platforms and
- programs.</dt>
-
- <dd>
- <p>If you are literally forced to teach nonfree software, you should
- tell the students that you consider this software unethical, that
- you are doing this only because you are being forced, and that you
- will do as little of it as possible so that you can move on to
- freedom-respecting software.</p>
-
- <p>We must not forget that schools have a great influence on
- society, so making our students aware of the
advantages of Free
- Software is a way of putting pressure on
decision makers. You can
- start by telling your students about Free Software and its ethical
- values, as they might never have heard of it. With your endorsement
- and support, this may lead to the formation of a Free Software Group
- in your school. Then the group can make its voice heard by writing
- letters to the Ministry, holding events to promote Free Software,
- and other similar activities.</p>
-
- <p>When computer users will start demanding
their rights,
- Governments will have to issue their laws accordingly. That is why
- political and social awareness are fundamental aspects which cannot
- be left aside when talking about Free Software.</p>
- </dd>
-</dl>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu_hp_v2.1.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu_hp_v2.1.html
diff -N edu_hp_v2.1.html
--- edu_hp_v2.1.html 10 Jun 2012 07:59:18 -0000 1.5
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,534 +0,0 @@
-
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
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-<meta name="ICBM" content="42.256233,-71.006581" />
-<meta name="DC.title" content="gnu.org" />
-
-
-
-<title>Free Software in Education - GNU Project - Free Software
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-<!-- start of banner.html -->
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-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/combo.css" media="screen" />
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maxlength="80" value="address@hidden" onfocus="this.value=''" /> <input
type="submit" value="Ok" /></p>
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-
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- </div>
-
-<div id="navigation">
- <div class="inner">
-
- <div id="searcher">
- <form method="get" action="http://www.gnu.org/cgi-bin/estseek.cgi";>
- <div><label class="netscape4" for="phrase">Search:</label>
- <input name="phrase" id="phrase" type="text" size="18" accesskey="s"
- value="Why GNU/Linux?" onfocus="this.value=''" />
-
- <input type="submit" value="Search" /></div><!-- unnamed label -->
- </form>
- </div><!-- /searcher -->
-
- <ul>
- <li id="tabPhilosophy"><a href=
- "/philosophy/philosophy.html">Philosophy</a></li>
- <li id="tabLicenses"><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">Licenses</a></li>
- <li id="tabSoftware"><a href="/software/software.html">Downloads</a></li>
-
- <li id="tabDoc"><a href="/doc/doc.html">Documentation</a></li>
- <li id="tabHelp"><a href="/help/help.html">Help GNU</a></li>
- <li id="joinfsftab"><a
href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom?referrer=4052";>Join the FSF!</a></li>
- </ul>
-
- </div><!-- /inner -->
-
-</div><!-- /navigation -->
-<!-- end of body-include-2 -->
-
-
-<div id="content" class="inner">
-
-<!-- end of banner.html -->
-
-
-<h2>Free Software in Education</h2>
-
-<ul>
-
-<div class="emph-box">
-
-<cite>“Schools should teach their students to be citizens of a
-strong, capable, independent and free society.”</cite>
-
-</ul>
-
-
-<p>Freedom and cooperation are essential values of
-<a href=" /gnu/philosophy/free-sw.html">free software</a>.
-The <a href=" /gnu/the-gnu-project.html">GNU system</a> implements
-these principles in educational institutions of all levels. </p>
-
-<div>
-
-<p>The GNU Project was <a href=" /gnu/initial-announcement.html">launched</a>
-in 1983 by <a href="http://www.fsf.org/about/leadership/#rms";>Richard
Stallman</a>
-to develop a free libre operating system: the GNU operating system. As a
result,
-today it is possible for anyone to use a computer in freedom.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h1>What Does Free Software Have To Do With Education?</h1>
-
-Free software has an especially important connection with universities
-and schools of all levels.
-
-<p>The mission of every school and university is to disseminate human
-knowledge; the source code and the methods of free software are part of
-human knowledge. Free software is not just a technical question, it is an
-ethical, social, and political question. It is a question of the human
-rights that the users of software ought to have.</p>
-
-<p>On the contrary, proprietary software is secret, restricted knowledge.
-This is the opposite of the mission of the school. Free software supports
-education, proprietary software forbids education.</p>
-
-<p>In case you are wondering, here is an article which explains
-<a href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">why software should be free</a>
-(as in freedom).</p>
-
-
-<div id="content" class="inner">
-<div class="yui-gc">
- <div class="yui-u first">
-
-
-<ul>
-
-<small><h2>Why Educational Institutions Should Use Exclusively Free
Software</h2></small>
-
-
-<p>These are some of the main reasons:</p>
-
-<h1>Sharing</h1>
-Schools should teach the value of sharing by setting an example. Free
-software supports education by allowing the sharing of knowledge and tools:
-
-<ul>
-
-<li>Knowledge. Many young students have a talent for programing; they are
-fascinated with computers and eager to learn how their systems work. With
-proprietary software, this information is a secret so teachers have no way
-of making it available to their students. But if it is free software, the
-teacher can explain the basic subject and then hand out the source code
-for the student to read and learn.</li>
-
-<p>
-<li>Tools. Teachers can hand out to students copies of the programs they
-use in the classroom so that they can use them at home. With free software,
-coying is not only authorized, it is encouraged.</li>
-</p>
-
-</ul>
-
-
-<h1>Social Responsibility</h1>
-Computing has become an essential part of everyday life. Digital technology
-is transforming society very quickly, and schools have an influence on the
-future of society. Their mission is to get students ready to participate in
-a free digital society by teaching them the skills to make it easy for them
-to take control of their own lives. Software should not be under the power
-of a software developer who unilaterally makes decisions that nobody else
-can change. Educational institutions should not allow proprietary software
-companies to impose their power on the rest of society and its future.
-
-
-<h1>Independence</h1>
-Schools have an ethical responsibility to teach strength, not dependency on
-a single product or a specific powerful company. Furthermore, by choosing to
-use free software, the school itself gains independence from any commercial
-interests and it avoids vendor lock-in.
-
-<ul>
-
-<li>Proprietary software companies use schools and universities as a
-springboard to reach users and thus impose their software on society as
-a whole. They offer discounts, or even gratis copies of their proprietary
-programs to educational institutions; afterwards it is not gratis, either
-for them or their employers. Essentially, what these companies are doing
-is they are recruiting schools and universities into agents to lead people
-into permanent lifelong dependency.</li>
-
-<p>
-<li>Free software licenses do not expire, which means that once free
-software is adopted, institutions remain independent from the vendor.
-Moreover, free software licenses grant users the rights not only to
-use the software as they wish, to copy it and distribute it, but also
-to modify it in order to meet their own needs. Therefore, if institutions
-eventually wish to implement a particular function in a piece of software,
-they can engage the services of any developer to accomplish the task,
-independently from the original vendor.</li>
-</p>
-
-</ul>
-
-
-<h1>Learning</h1>
-When deciding where they will study, more and more students are considering
-whether a university teaches computer science and software development using
-free software. Free software means that students are free to study how the
-programs work and to learn how to adapt them for their own needs. Learning
-about free software also helps in studying software development ethics and
-professional practice.
-
-<h1>Saving</h1>
-This is an obvious advantage that will appeal immediately to many school
-administrators, but it is a marginal benefit. The main point of this aspect
-is that by being authorized to distribute copies of the programs at little
-or no cost, schools can actually aid families facing financial issues, thus
-promoting fairness and equal opportunities of learning among students.
-
-<h1>Quality</h1>
-<p>Stable, secure and easily installed free software solutions are available
-for education already. In any case, excellence of performance is a secondary
-benefit; the ultimate goal is freedom for computer users.</p>
-
-
-<p>An article by Richard Stallman on the subject:
-<a href="/philosophy/schools.html">Why Schools Should Exclusively Use Free
Software</a></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="yui-u">
-
-<ul>
-
-<h2>Case Studies</h2>
-
-<p>Here we include some stories of classrooms and courses where free
-software is being used.</p>
-
-<p>Is your school or university committed to free software? Has your school
-or university migrated to the GNU/Linux operating system or has it adopted
-a firm policy of rejecting proprietary software? Do you know of a
free-software
-oriented university or school? If so, we want to hear from you. Please contact
-us <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a> to let us
-know. </p>
-
-<p> <a href="/education/draft/who-uses_v0.html">Schools</a> </p>
-<p> <a href="/education/draft/who uses_v0.html#universities">Universities</a>
</p> <br />
-
-</ul>
-
-<ul>
-
-<small><h2><small>Free Software and Other Resources</small></h2></small>
-
-<p>We maintain a list of free software and other resources for education
-and more. There are probably many more not listed here, please let us know!
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a> </p>
-
-<p> <strong>Software</strong> <br />
-
-<a href="/education/software.html">Educational Free Software</a>. Some GNU
-programs specially designed for education.
-
-<p> <strong>Learning</strong> <br />
-
-<a href="/education/freelearning.html">Free Learning Resources</a> is about
-bringing the principles of free software to educational materials and
otherwise
-general knowledge. </p>
-
-<p> <a href="http://www.sugarlabs.org/";>Sugar Labs</a> provides the Sugar
-Learning Environment, promoting sharing, collaborative learning, and
-reflection. </p>
-
-<p>The <a href="http://ftacademy.org/";>Free Technology Academy</a> offers an
-online master level programme. </p>
-
-<p> <a href="http://www.ofset.org/freeduc-cd";>Freeduc-cd</a>, a live-cd for
-education setup by Ofset. </p> <br />
-
-</ul>
-
-<ul>
-
-<small><h2><small>Other Groups and Projects</small></h2></small>
-
-<p>There are several groups and projects that are working with Free Software
-in Education and follow the <a href="/philosophy/">GNU Philosophy</a>. A few
-of them are listed below. If your project supports only free software and it
-is not listed here, please send an email to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a> </p>
-
-<a href="http://fsfeurope.org/projects/education/education.en.html";>FSF Europe
-Education Project</a> <br />
-
-<a href="http://www.gleducar.org.ar/";>GLEDUCAR</a> <br />
-
-<a href="http://guri.hipatia.net/";>GURI</a> <br />
-
-<a href="http://www.ofset.org";>OFSET</a> <br />
-
-<!-- FSF India / FSFLA? -->
-
-<br />
-
-</ul>
-
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-
- <!-- begin server/footer-text.html -->
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that need help</a></li>
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- <li><a href="/licenses">Free software licenses</a>
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- <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/";>Associate Members</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/associate/account/";>My FSF
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- <li class="noright"><a
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- and <a href="/prep/ftp.html">mirrors</a></li>
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-<li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/jobs";>Free software jobs</a></li>
- </ul>
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- <div class="yui-u" id="sitemap-4">
-
- <p class="netscape4"><a href="#footer">Skip list</a></p>
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- <ul>
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- <li><a href="http://donate.fsf.org";>Donate to the FSF</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/jfb";>Join the FSF</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/">Free software philosophy</a><ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">The Free Software
Definition</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">Copyleft: Pragmatic
Idealism</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Free Software and Free
Manuals</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/selling.html">Selling Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">Motives for Writing Free
Software</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">The Right To Read</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Why Open
Source Misses the Point of Free Software</a></li></ul></li>
- <li><a href="/software/for-windows.html">Free software for
Windows</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://defectivebydesign.org/";>Defective by Design
— Fight DRM</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="http://windows7sins.org/";>Windows 7 Sins</a></li>
- <li><a href="http://playogg.org/";>Support free media formats</a></li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class="yui-g" id="mission-statement">
-
-<p><small>The <a href="http://www.fsf.org";>Free Software
-Foundation</a> is the principal organizational sponsor of the <a
-href="http://www.gnu.org/";>GNU Operating System</a>. <strong>Our
-mission is to preserve, protect and promote the freedom to use, study,
-copy, modify, and redistribute computer software, and to defend the
-rights of Free Software users.</strong></small></p>
-
-<p><small><strong>Support GNU and the FSF by <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/";>buying manuals and gear</a>, <a
-href="http://www.fsf.org/join";>joining the FSF as an associate
-member</a> or by <a href="http://donate.fsf.org/";>making a
-donation</a>.</strong></small></p>
-
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-
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-</div>
-<!-- end server/footer-text.html -->
-
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2012/06/10 07:59:18 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
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- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
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- Please use W3C normative character entities.
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- -->
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-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/server/standards/boilerplate.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-
-</ul>
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-</body>
-</html>
-
-
Index: edu-misc.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-misc.html
diff -N edu-misc.html
--- edu-misc.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.4
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
- <title>Education Miscellaneous Materials - GNU Project - Free
- Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Education Miscellaneous Materials</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<p>In these pages we keep various kinds of materials that we use in our
-Education pages such as pictures, transcriptions and translations of
-videos, and similar.</p>
-
-<h3>Pictures</h3>
-
-<h4>Case Studies</h4>
-
-<p>Ambedkar Community Computer Center (AC3) - Bangalore - India</p>
-
-<ul>
- <li>RMS with Indian youth, jpeg
- <a href="/education/misc/ambedkar-sm.jpg">97 KB</a>,
- <a href="/education/misc/ambedkar.jpg">400 KB</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>Vocational Higher Secondary School Irimpanam (VHSS Irimpanam)</p>
-
-<ul>
- <li>Students at a Free Software event, jpeg
- <a href="/education/misc/irimpanam-school-sm.jpg">65 KB</a>,
- <a href="/education/misc/irimpanam-school.jpg">245 KB</a></li>
-
- <li>Tux Paint interface in Malayalam, jpeg
- <a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint-sm.jpg">46 KB</a>,
- <a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint.jpg">193 KB</a> </li>
-</ul>
-
-<h4>Software</h4>
-
-<p>Tux Paint</p>
-
-<ul>
-
- <li>Tux Paint interface, jpeg,
- <a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint-start-sm.jpg">38 KB</a>,
- <a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint-start.jpg">100 KB</a></li>
-
- <li>Tux Paint interface in Malayalam with stamps, jpeg,
- <a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint-stamps-sm.jpg">65 KB</a>,
- <a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint-stamps.jpg">298 KB</a></li>
-
- <li>Appooppanthaady flower, jpeg,
- <a href="/education/misc/appooppanthaady-sm.jpg">9 KB</a>,
- <a href="/education/misc/appooppanthaady.jpg">22 KB</a></li>
- <li>Anthoorium flower, jpeg,
- <a href="/education/misc/anthoorium-sm.jpg">7 KB</a>,
- <a href="/education/misc/anthoorium.jpg">25 KB</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>GCompris</p>
-
-<ul>
- <li>GCompris interface, jpeg
- <a href="/education/misc/gcompris-sm.jpg">44 KB</a>,
- <a href="/education/misc/gcompris.jpg">198 KB</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3>Videos</h3>
-
-<p>Richard Stallman on Education:</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li> <a href="http://audio-video.gnu.org/video/rms-education-es.ogv";>Original
in Spanish</a>, 20.7 MB. </li>
-
-<li>With <a
href="http://audio-video.gnu.org/video/rms-education-es-sub-en.ogv";>English
Subtitles</a>, 19 MB. </li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3>Video Transcriptions and Translations</h3>
-
-<p>Richard Stallman's video on education:</p>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/education/misc/rms-education-es-transcription.txt">
- Spanish transcription</a>. </li>
-
- <li><a href="/education/misc/rms-education-es-translation-to-en.txt">
- Translation from Spanish into English</a>. </li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3>Video Subtitles</h3>
-
-<p>Subtitles in SubRip format:</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>Richard Stallman's video on education:</li>
-</ul>
-
-<a href="/education/misc/rms-education-es-sub-en.srt">English</a> |
-<a href="/education/misc/rms-education-es-sub-es.srt">Spanish</a> |
-
-<h3>Audio</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li>Pronunciation in Malayalam: Appooppanthaady flower, ogg.
- <a href="/education/misc/appooppanthady.ogg">35 KB</a></li>
-
- <li>Pronunciation in Malayalam: Anthoorium flower, ogg,
- <a href="/education/misc/anthoorium.ogg">42 KB</a></li>
-
- <li>Pronunciation in Malayalam: Adeenia flower, ogg,
- <a href="/education/misc/adeenia.ogg">30 KB</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/misc/edu-misc.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
-
Index: edu-projects.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-projects.html
diff -N edu-projects.html
--- edu-projects.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,201 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Other Education Groups and Projects - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Other Education Groups and Projects</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li class="active">
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>
→
-Education Projects</p>
-
-<p>There are several groups and organizations around the world who
-follow the GNU Philosophy and are working on projects aimed at bringing
-Free Software to the education field. A few of them are listed below. If
-your project supports only Free Software and it is not listed here,
-please contact us at <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
-<address@hidden></a> to let us know.</p>
-
-<!-- Add new entries in alphabetical order except for projects directly
related to GNU who should be listed first -->
-
-<dl>
- <dt><a href="http://fsfeurope.org/projects/education/education.en.html";>
- FSFE Education Project</a></dt>
-
- <dd>"FSFE's Education Team exists to raise awareness and bring the
- benefits of Free Software to all groups involved in education. It aims
- for a legal framework that prohibits discrimination against Free
- Software and its users."</dd>
-
- <dt><a href="http://guri.hipatia.net/";>GURI</a></dt>
-
- <dd>Guri is a group which was born inside an Italian
High School as
- the result of a program carried out by NGO Hipatia to
raise awareness
- about the role of Free Software in the education field.
Guri opposes
- the growing practice of treating knowledge as if it
were a tangible
- object subject to ownership. It fights to change the
mainstream
- cultural framework in Italy which prevents the exercise
of some of
- the most important human rights by posing dangerous
threats to our
- freedom such as software patents, unfair copyright
laws, and the
- adoption of proprietary, subjugating software.
-
- <p>The goals of the Guri project are to convert the educational
- system so that it is based exclusively on Free Software and to extend
- the freedoms it grants to every field of knowledge. Guri believes in
- the power of education to shape a better society by teaching students
- the values of sharing and cooperation. It advocates and works towards
- a non-pyramidal system to share knowledge as a fundamental good for
- humanity, a system in which everyone can participate actively and
- access knowledge without restrictions.</p>
-
- <p>To achieve its goals, the group takes action mainly in High School
- and University environments, organizing workshops and courses to
- promote awareness about the ethical principles of Free Software.</p>
- </dd>
-
- <dt><a href="http://hipatia.net/";>Hipatia</a></dt>
-
- <dd>Hipatia is an international NGO (non-governmental organization)
- that upholds the right of all human beings to access, use, create,
- modify and distribute knowledge. It is formed by people from all
- around the world who advocate the ideals of the Free Software
- movement and work towards putting those principles into practice.
- Hipatia emphasizes the importance of using Free Software in education;
- to that end, its members often conduct workshops in educational
- institutions, specially in primary and secondary level schools.
-
- <p>The name of the group refers to the Greek philosopher
- <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypatia";>Hypatia.</a></p>
- </dd>
-
-
- <dt><a href="https://www.itschool.gov.in";>address@hidden</a></dt>
-
- <dd>address@hidden is a project of the government of Kerala, India,
- started in 2001 to introduce Information Communication Technologies
- into the State's schools. As part of the project, a customized
- GNU/Linux operating system was developed, which is now being used in
- more than 2,600 schools in the State. Training in the use of Free
- Software was imparted to thousands of teachers, school coordinators
- and students.</dd>
-
- <dt><a href="http://www.ofset.org";>OFSET</a></dt>
-
- <dd>OFSET promotes the development and enhancement of Free
- Software for the educational system and the classroom. It was born in
- France but its members collaborate and work together towards common
- goals from all over the world by using the internet as a means of
- communication. Open and frank collaboration between teachers,
- software developers, translators and authors has always been the key
- to the success of OFSET's activities.
-
- <p>One important achievement of the OFSET group is
- <a href="http://community.ofset.org/index.php/DrGeo";>Dr. Geo</a>, a
- program widely used for teaching geometry. OFSET has also developed
- <a href="http://community.ofset.org/index.php/Freeduc-USB";>
- Freeduc-USB</a>, a bootable USB stick that contains useful
- applications for the classroom.</p>
- </dd>
-
- <dt><a href="http://www.sugarlabs.org/";>Sugar Labs</a></dt>
-
- <dd>Sugar Labs is a project that provides the
- <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/What_is_Sugar";>Sugar learning
- platform</a>, an interface specially designed to facilitate the use
- of computers by children, with a special focus on its use in
- educational environments.</dd>
-</dl>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu-resources.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-resources.html
diff -N edu-resources.html
--- edu-resources.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,177 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Free Educational Resources - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Free Learning Resources</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li class="active">
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> → Educational
Resources</p>
-
-<h3><a href="/education/edu-software.html">Educational Free Software</a></h3>
-
-<p>In our <a href="/education/edu-software.html">Educational
-Free Software</a> section we present some examples of how free programs
-are being used by educational institutions around the world and how they
-are putting into practice the four freedoms that Free Software grants to
-all users.</p>
-
-<h3>Other Learning Resources</h3>
-
-<p>Free learning resources, like Free Software, is a matter of freedom,
-not price. It's about bringing the principles of Free Software to
-general knowledge and educational materials. Knowledge should be usable
-and accessible to all without restrictions and should not be treated as
-property. It is not an article of consumer goods that decays over time or
wears out with use like a pair of shoes. Knowledge is a naturally abundant
resource that improves with usage: the more it is used and passed around, the
more it grows for the benefit of all. The introduction of measures designed to
favor the ownership of knowledge, tailored to prevent people from accessing,
using or
-sharing knowledge, is a conspiracy to inhibit human progress.</p>
-
-<p>These principles on the freedom of knowledge have always been in the
-spirit of the GNU Project. In 1999 it formally introduced the concept
-of a <a href="/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html">
-Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource</a>, which was
-fulfilled by the Wikipedia project.</p>
-
-<p>In these pages we want to list learning resources and projects that
-follow the principles of the GNU Project. Some of them are educational
-institutions who offer courses on the philosophical and technical
-aspects of Free Software.</p>
-
-<dl>
-
-<dt><a href=" http://www.wikipedia.org";>Wikipedia</a></dt>
-
-<dd>Written in collaboration by thousands of volunteers from all over
-the world, Wikipedia is nowadays the best example of knowledge made available
to and usable by anyone without restrictions. Wikipedia readers are allowed to
copy, use, and adapt the articles, provided that the source is mentioned and
that eventual derivative works are released under the same terms (see <a href=
"http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/copyleft.html";>Copyleft).</a></dd>
-
-<dt><a href= "http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Main_Page";>Project
-Gutenberg</a></dt>
-
-<dd>This project offers general knowledge books that are free as in freedom.
It publishes plain text digital versions of public-domain works. If you are
looking for a copy of a classic book, your search should start here.
-
-<p>They have a very clear explanation about the
-<a href= "http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Gutenberg:No_Cost_or_Freedom%3F";>
-difference between free as in price and free as in freedom</a> related to
printed material.</p>
-</dd>
-
-<dt>GNU Project</dt>
-
-<dd>We maintain a list of <a href= "/doc/other-free-books.html">free books</a>
mainly related to Free Software documentation, and we make
-<a href= "/manual/manual.html">GNU manuals</a> available online. All books
published by the
-<a href= "http://shop.fsf.org/category/books/";>Free Software
-Foundation</a> are free as in freedom.</dd>
-
-<dt><a href="http://ftacademy.org/";>Free Technology Academy</a></dt>
-
-<dd>"The Free Technology Academy (FTA) is a joint initiative from
-several educational institutions in various countries. It aims to
-contribute to a society that permits all users to study, participate and
-build upon existing knowledge without restrictions. The FTA offers an
-online master level programme with course modules about Free
-Technologies. These courses are taught completely online in a virtual
-campus based on the Campus Project interoperability framework.
-
-<p>The FTA is a collaboration between the Free Knowledge Institute, the
-Open University of Catalonia (Spain) and the Open University of the
-Netherlands. A larger group of Associate Partners adds to the founding
-base with a network of organisations that share a common interest in
-offering courses in the area of Free Technology. The FTA is extending
-the current network of partners and collaborations continuously and
-encourages both individuals and organizations to contribute to the
-community."</p></dd>
-
-</dl>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu-software.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-software.html
diff -N edu-software.html
--- edu-software.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,165 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Educational Free Software - GNU Project - Free Software
Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Educational Free Software</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li class="active">
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a> →
-Educational Free Software</p>
-
-<div class="emph-box">
-<p>Before addressing the subject in this section, we would like to
-remind our readers that the word "Free" in "Free Software" <strong>does
-not refer to price</strong> but to <strong>liberty</strong>. Free
-Software is software that grants you <strong>freedom</strong>, namely
-the freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the
-software. To learn more, see the <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">
-Free Software definition</a>.</p>
-</div>
-
-<h3>What you will find in this section</h3>
-
-<p>These pages do not constitute an exhaustive listing of available
-educational free programs. Our aim is to present some examples so as to
-illustrate how educational institutions can put into practice and
-effectively apply the freedoms that Free Software grants them. For each
-program described, we will show how those freedoms were actually
-applied. </p>
-
-<p>People who wish to migrate to Free Software or are looking for a free
-libre program to accomplish a particular task, should refer to the
-<a href="http://directory.fsf.org";>Free Software Directory</a>, which
-consists of a catalog of more than 6,000 free programs that run on
-<a href="http://gnu.org/distros/free-distros.html";>free operating
-systems</a>. In particular, the
-<a href="http://directory.fsf.org/category/educ/";>Education</a> section
-of the Directory lists programs inherent to different levels of
-education, from pre-elementary school to highly specialized levels,
-including university and research.</p>
-
-<p>Some of the programs presented here, like GCompris, are part of the
-GNU Project. This means that developers of these programs agree to pay
-attention to making the program work well with the rest of the
-GNU System. A GNU program uses the latest version of the license that
-the GNU Project recommends in order to protect the users' fundamental
-freedoms. A GNU program does not recommend the use of any non-free
-program, and it does not refer the user to any non-free documentation
-for Free Software, as defined in our campaign for
-<a href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-doc.html";>
-free documentation</a>.</p>
-
-<p>The following are the examples that we present:</p>
-
-<!-- begin adding programs in alphabetical order -->
-
-<p>
-<a href="/education/edu-software-gcompris.html">GCompris</a> |
-<a href="/education/edu-software-gimp.html"></a>
-<a href="/education/edu-software-tuxpaint.html">Tux Paint</a> |
-</p>
-
-<!-- end adding programs -->
-
-<p>If you know of a Free Software program that is being used by an
-educational institution for specific purposes, or has been modified or
-otherwise adapted by its users to meet their own educational needs,
-please let us know by sending an email to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-software.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu-software-gcompris.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-software-gcompris.html
diff -N edu-software-gcompris.html
--- edu-software-gcompris.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.8
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,196 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>GCompris - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>GCompris</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li class="active">
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>
→
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-software.html">Educational Free Software</a>→
-GCompris</p>
-
-<h3>Description</h3>
-
-<a href=" /education/misc/gcompris.jpg">
-<img src=" /education/misc/gcompris-sm.jpg" style="float: right"
-width="300" height="233" alt="Screenshot of the GCompris interface
-showing the various boards."/></a>
-
-<p>GCompris is a cross-platform complete educational suite for children
-from 2 to 10 years old, and it is part of the GNU project. It includes
-more than 40 entertaining activities that help little kids learn skills
-such as the recognition of letters and numbers, the use of the mouse and
-keyboard, basic algebra training, reading time on an analog clock, vector
-drawing, language learning through games, and much more. The program
-includes a simple text processor to produce documents with basic text
-style. Another feature is the animation tool, which can be employed as a
-simple and effective method to support story telling, thus improving
-communication with children and helping them to express themselves.</p>
-
-<p>Each activity in GCompris is a "board". Boards are grouped on a
-yellow bar to the left of the screen, from which the child can choose
-as soon as the program is started. The design based on boards makes it
-easy to add new activities or to adapt the program to specific needs.
-The program itself and all boards are available in many different
-languages.</p>
-
-<p>To learn more: <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/gcompris/";>
-FSF Directory</a>, <a href="http://gcompris.net/";>
-GCompris Official Website</a></p>
-
-<h3>Who's Using It and How</h3>
-
-<p>GCompris is used by a large number of schools around the world with
-excellent results. It is interesting reading the many
-<a href="http://gcompris.net/-Schools-using-it-";>comments and
-testimonies</a> submitted by teachers of all grades who are using the
-program.</p>
-
-<p>Its board-based design makes it highly and easily adaptable to
-particular environments. One example of innovative use of GCompris is in
-the work done by the
-<a href="http://insight.kerala.gov.in/";>Insight Project</a> of Kerala,
-in India. The project aims to bring the benefits of Free Software to
-differently abled people in the State. They found that GCompris is a
-powerful tool to improve the communicative and motor skills of mentally
-challenged persons like children with autism. The project is using and
-adapting the program for the particular needs of its target community.</p>
-
-<p>The Insight team implemented a training module for teachers that
-provides instructions on how to use the different activities of GCompris
-when working with children with special needs, to help these children
-acquire abilities such as eye-hand coordination, memory, listening, and
-improving the child's attention span. The module addresses different
-levels of education, from pre-school to the primary level. A small
-handbook was also distributed to parents and special educators to help
-them understand how to use the software to improve children's skills.</p>
-
-<p>GCompris is also used to help older children understand the
-relationship between numbers, learn basic arithmetic operations, train
-them in analytical reasoning, and to improve communicative skills as
-well as spelling, reading and writing.</p>
-
-<h3>Why</h3>
-
-<p>Teachers report that it is extremely easy for them to implement
-GCompris in their curriculum since children find it intuitive and fun
-to use. The program is also an excellent resource for mentally
-challenged children and adults.</p>
-
-<p>GCompris has become an important resource to speed up the child's
-learning process in the context of developing countries like India,
-where the only chance for a child of getting accustomed with computers
-is during school time. At school, the computers are often shared and
-children have limited time to access them individually. GCompris is easy
-to use and intuitive, so it is particularly useful in this environment
-because there is practically no time spent on getting to understand how
-the program works. With GCompris children develop quickly the motor
-skills required to use a computer.</p>
-
-<h3>Results</h3>
-
-<p>GCompris respects the users' fundamental freedoms and this permitted
-the Insight developers and specialists to adapt the software to the
-children's needs, creating new activities and boards, and proposing the
-innovative use of the program to help autistic children and their
-parents. The Insight team is also free to distribute copies of the
-modified version to teachers and parents, who can use the program at
-home without restrictions. The modified version has proved effective in
-improving the academic and functional flair of intellectually
-challenged children.</p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-software-gcompris.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu-software-gimp.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-software-gimp.html
diff -N edu-software-gimp.html
--- edu-software-gimp.html 10 Jun 2012 10:50:53 -0000 1.6
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,301 +0,0 @@
-<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: $Revision: 1.6 $ -->
-
-<title>GIMP - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/gnun/initial-translations-list.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>GIMP</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li> <a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li> <a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li class="active"> <a href="/education/edu-resources.html">
- Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li> <a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li> <a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li> <a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-</div> <!-- "education-content" -->
-
-<!-- begin of breadcrumbs -->
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>
→
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-software.html">Educational Free Software</a> →
-GIMP</p>
-<!-- end of breadcrumbs -->
-
-<h3>Description</h3>
-
-<p>GIMP stands for “GNU Image Manipulation Program”,
-a self-explanatory name for an application that processes digital
-graphics and is part of the GNU Project, meaning that it follows the GNU
-standards and is released under the
-<a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/quick-guide-gplv3.html";>GNU General
-Public License</a>, version 3 or later, to ensure maximum protection of
-users' freedom. It can be used both as a simple tool for basic painting
-and drawing and as a powerful program for complex tasks such as advanced
-photo retouching, digital image composition, editing and animation, as
-well as authoring of original art. Apart from the usual features
-included in similar programs, GIMP displays an array of highly
-sophisticated options aimed at computer graphics professionals. It is
-also multi-platform, and it handles a wide range of formats plus format
-conversion.</p>
-
-
-<p>To learn more: <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/GIMP";>
-FSF Directory</a>, <a href="http://www.gimp.org/";>GIMP Official
-Website</a></p>
-
-<h3>Who's Using It and How</h3>
-
-<p>The GIMP is used by a large number of artists, amateurs, Web
-developers, educators. At school it is a handy tool that assists students
-and teachers in the preparation of graphic materials for slides, handouts,
-the school's Web site or bulletin and similar projects.</p>
-
-<p>French artist Isabel Saij describes how she uses GIMP for
-<a href="http://www.saij-copyleft2.net/fragments/fragments1.html";>her
-work</a>:
-
-<blockquote>
-<p>“It's a program I use for different works: photo manipulation
-(mixing images together), drawings (my 'digital fragments' in relation
-to my 'real fragments' made on paper), teaching to teenagers, preparing
-images for video, etc.). In other words, one of my favorite
programs.”</p>
-</blockquote>
-
-<p>There are many interesting examples of how this program is put to use
-by professionals and amateurs alike to effectively bring to life their
-ideas without giving up their freedom as computer users. Among those,
-there is one that goes beyond the ordinary.</p>
-
-<h4>How GIMP changed Mani's life.</h4>
-
-<p>Mani began his journey towards liberation from social constraints as
-an enthusiastic and talented teenager. His awareness and commitment to
-freedom led him to actively participate in the formation of a grassroots
-volunteer group in 2008, with the goal of introducing computer knowledge
-in his slum area in Bangalore through the use of freedom-respecting
-software. This brought sustained improvement to his community and
-ultimately a radical turn in his own life.</p>
-
-<p>The group set up a Free Software computer lab in the slum dwelling and
-Mani learned fast, becoming a teacher himself to help his peers develop
-better skills in the use of the various applications. He soon acquired a
-mastery of the advanced techniques of GIMP, and, combining technical
-knowledge with innate artistic abilities, he produced graphical art that
-he exhibited and sold. The following three-minutes video portrays Mani's
-endeavor to learn Free Software.</p>
-
-<p>
-<!-- TRANSLATORS: please translate the written description of the video
- and replace the link to the English version with the link to your
- translation -->
-
-(Note to the hearing impaired: the only audio in this video is the
-soundtrack, which is a piano version of the Free Software Song. A
-<a href="/education/misc/we_use_gnu-linux_description.en.txt"> written
-description of the video</a> is available for the visually impaired).
-</p>
-
-<div style= "width:320px; margin-right:auto; margin-left:auto;
padding-top:1em; padding-bottom:1em;">
-<video width="320" controls="controls">
- <source
- src="http://audio-video.gnu.org/video/we_use_gnu-linux_low.ogv";
- type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
-</video>
-</div>
-
-<center><p>Watch and download the video as
-<a href="http://audio-video.gnu.org/video/we_use_gnu-linux_high.ogv";>
-Ogg Theora</a> at a higher resolution.<p></center>
-
-<p>At the time of writing (March 2012) Mani is a student of Computer
-Science in Bangalore. He says:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-<p> “First I need to say thanks to the Free Software movement, it
-allowed me to start learning GIMP. It was my first achievement in life,
-and I sold many paintings at a Free Software conference. Later I started
-displaying my works in many conferences. Because of GIMP, my painting
-skills are brought out to the world. As you know, our talents are usually
-ignored by the world. Our aims in the community are: to share software
-and knowledge, to learn from each other; to promote the Free Software
-ethical values and raise awareness about the importance of software
-freedom in a marginalized social environment; to empower the poor with
-computer knowledge. We want to replicate our model, we are already
-running three computer centers in other slums in the area.” </p>
-</blockquote>
-
-<p>Richard Stallman's comment on this case:</p>
-
-<center>
-<blockquote>
-<p><strong>“I am more proud that GNU has been adopted by Indian
-Dalits than of its use by famous corporations.”</strong></p>
-</blockquote>
-</center>
-
-<h3>Why</h3>
-
-<p>The interests of nonfree software developers are at odds with the
-needs of users from all segments of society, given that they deny basic
-human values such as collaboration and sharing. Proprietary software
-companies deem irrelevant to their profit goals the damage that their
-policies cause to users of their products.</p>
-
-<p>In complex social structures such as that of India, exclusion of the
-underprivileged from access to information technologies is just one of
-the multiple instances of discrimination this sector of society faces at
-many levels: healthcare, housing, education, employment, to name a few.
-Over time, these vulnerable groups have attained a high degree of
-awareness about the importance of mutual collaboration, a basic human
-value often forgotten or even dismissed among the educated and affluent
-spheres of society in all cultures. The principles of sharing and
-reciprocal concern are deeply rooted in these communities and constitute
-valuable assets in their struggle for survival. The social bond among
-its members is solid and strong, a bulwark against the incursion of
-additional sources of exclusion.</p>
-
-<p>In that scenario, the introduction of proprietary software would not
-be accepted by these socially committed people since that would result
-in the imposition of further restrictions on them as computer users.
-They would not refrain from installing the software in as many computers
-as needed or use it as they please, they would not give up their right
-to access knowledge by studying how computer programs work, they would
-not sign away their right to modify or distribute the programs and,
-above all, they would not give up their right to share copies with their
-neighbors. All of these freedoms are granted to them only by
-<a href="/education//philosophy/free-sw.html">Free Software</a>.</p>
-
-<p>The restrictions imposed on users by proprietary software developers
-serve to attack other layers of society as well, specially the upper
-spending classes, since those are their main target. Artists and computer
-graphics professionals often get trapped in perpetual dependency from a
-company that may decide at any moment to discontinue the product if it is
-not profitable any longer; or it may decide to introduce updates that run
-only on specific platforms —most likely nonfree. So users have no
-choice but to keep the old version of the program or else invest in a new
-operating system.</p>
-
-<p>Isabel Saij explains why she decided to break free from the trap by
-adopting Free Software:</p>
-
-<blockquote>
-<p> “With proprietary programs the artist is at the mercy of the
-software development company. Early in 2003 I used LiveMotion to design
-my digital 2D and 3D works with interactive pieces. Later that year the
-company decided to discontinue it so I was left without support for a
-piece of software on which I had spent my money and my time to learn how
-to use it. Moreover, whenever proprietary software developers decide to
-introduce new functionalities, you have to buy an update which often runs
-on the latest versions of proprietary operating systems only. So you are
-stuck in a vicious circle completely helpless. It’s frustrating and
-there’s nothing you can do about it. With Free Software, good projects
-never die due to the community being able to access the code. Someone
-else can come along and continue developing the software.”</p>
-</blockquote>
-
-<h3>Results</h3>
-
-<p>The introduction of Free Software in the slum removed the barriers
-that prevented this marginalized sector of society from accessing
-knowledge in the field of information technology. It provided these
-people with the opportunity to unfold innate capabilities that would
-otherwise have never come to surface. This newly discovered intellectual
-richness brings benefit and progress not only to the involved individuals
-themselves and to the local community but to society as a whole, since
-they have learned how to overcome the detrimental effects of unjust
-global economic policies and are now ready for a productive life.</p>
-
-<p>With Free Software, users received all the benefits of digital
-education without being constrained to compromise their principles. The
-ethical values of Free Software are in line with and sustain those
-principles: not only were people free to use the software as they wished,
-install it in as many machines as they wished, but they were encouraged
-to copy it and share it with their neighbors in solidarity. Mani has
-become an artist using GIMP and a student of Computer Science; by now,
-he has acquired enough knowledge to study the source code and to modify
-it to meet the needs of his community, if necessary. Software freedom
-results in redistribution of intellectual and economic wealth, which is
-not possible where access to knowledge is restricted.</p>
-
-<p>In less disadvantaged contexts, users of GIMP have benefited from
-software freedom in many ways. They are no longer subject to arbitrary
-decisions by proprietary software companies; instead, they belong to a
-large and strong community where developers do care about their needs and
-fellow users provide additional support. Apart from the official manuals
-and tutorials, enthusiastic users publish lots of instructional materials
-and, due to the availability of the source code, those with programming
-skills have contributed a number of plug-ins to enhance the performance
-of the application.</p>
-
-<p>As a free program under the GNU GPL version 3 or later, no arbitrary
-decision by developers can ever stop the advancement of GIMP nor can
-the program be made proprietary.</p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- pages on the GNU web server should be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US.
- Please do NOT change or remove this without talking
- with the webmasters or licensing team first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document.
- For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the document
- was modified, or published.
-
- If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
- Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
- years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
- year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
- being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
-
- There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
- Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
-to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
- replace it with the translation of these two:
-
- We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
- translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
- Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
- to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
- <address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
- our web pages, see <a
- href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
- README</a>. -->
-Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2012/06/10 10:50:53 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu-software-tuxpaint.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-software-tuxpaint.html
diff -N edu-software-tuxpaint.html
--- edu-software-tuxpaint.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.4
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,258 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Tux Paint - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Tux Paint</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li class="active">
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>
→
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-software.html">Educational Free Software</a>→
-Tux Paint</p>
-
-<h3>Description</h3>
-
-<a href=" /education/misc/tuxpaint-start.jpg">
-<img src=" /education/misc/tuxpaint-start-sm.jpg" style="float: right"
-width="300" height="233" alt="Screenshot of the Tux Paint interface."/></a>
-
-<p>Tux Paint is a cross-platform drawing program created specifically
-for children. Little kids as young as 3 years old have no difficulty in
-finding their way around its clear and intuitive interface which
-features large buttons identified by a label as well as an icon so that
-the child can easily recognize them. At the center of the screen there
-is a white canvas for the child to draw making use of a wide variety of
-tools and paint brushes. As a start, the child can load outlined
-pictures to be colored, as in a coloring-book.</p>
-
-<p>The program includes all of the most common drawing tools such as
-lines and brushes for free-hand drawing and coloring, geometric shapes,
-sizing, an eraser, the "Redo" and "Undo" options, plus sound that plays
-while painting and a special tool called "Magic" for impressive effects:
-rainbow, glitter, chalk, blur, flip, and more.</p>
-
-<p>Along with the Magic tool, the other popular feature among children
-is "Stamp", which contains loads of pictures and clip art that can
-be "stamped" on the canvas, such as plants and flowers, animals, holiday
-art, planets, and much more. Many of these stamps are provided with the
-program out of the box, and others are available as separate collections
-to be installed. Many users contribute their own art work to be included
-as stamps in the program; here we are going to see an example of
-how this was done by a group of children from a school in India, thus
-putting into practice the software freedom that the program guarantees.</p>
-
-<p>Tux Paint is available in more than 80 languages, including minority
-and right-to-left languages. Such a large number of languages is the
-result of contributions made by users from all over the world.</p>
-
-<p>To learn more: <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/TuxPaint/";>
-FSF Directory</a>, <a href="http://tuxpaint.org";>
-Tux Paint Official Website</a></p>
-
-<h3>Who's Using It and How</h3>
-
-<div style="margin-right:20px; padding:15px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint-stamps.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/tuxpaint-stamps-sm.jpg" alt="Screenshot of
-the Tux Paint interface in Malayalam with native flowers."/></a>
-</div>
-
-<p>Comments by <a href="http://tuxpaint.org/comments/";>home users</a>
-and stories from <a href="http://tuxpaint.org/schools/";>schools</a>
-using Tux Paint are presented in the official website. There are reports
-that the program is one of the most helpful tools for children to get
-acquainted with basic computer graphic skills while providing a highly
-attractive environment for them. However, the distinctive feature that
-makes Tux Paint preferable to similar drawing software for kids is
-the fact that it is Free Software, meaning it comes with no restrictions
-of any sort and the user is granted a series of freedoms. For example,
-one of the freedoms is that the user is allowed to install the program
-in as many work stations as needed, which is specially important for
-schools.</p>
-
-<p>Another significant freedom that Free Software guarantees is the
-freedom to modify the program so as to adapt it to the user's needs and
-to redistribute copies of the modified version. It is thanks to this
-freedom that Tux Paint is available in so many languages, including
-those spoken by minority groups. In fact, translations into less widely
-spoken languages have been provided by the users themselves. This is so
-because most of the time, companies whose business consists of
-development of non-free software adopt policies on the basis of market
-size: if the market is not large enough to ensure profit, they are
-generally reluctant to invest on it.</p>
-
-<div style="width: 180px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/appooppanthaady.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/appooppanthaady-sm.jpg"
-alt="Image of the Appooppan Thaady flower." /></a>
-
-<p><a href="/education/misc/appooppanthady.ogg">Listen</a> to a student
-pronounce the name of the Appooppan Thaady flower in Malayalam.</p>
-
-</div> <!-- style -->
-
-<div style="width: 180px; padding:15px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/anthoorium.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/anthoorium-sm.jpg"
-alt="Image of the Anthoorium flower." /></a>
-
-<p><a href="/education/misc/anthoorium.ogg">Listen</a> to a student
-pronounce the name of the Anthoorium flower in Malayalam.</p>
-
-</div> <!-- style -->
-
-<p>A good example of how software freedom can be applied in Tux Paint is
-the work done by 11 and 12 years old students from the
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html">VHSS Irimpanam</a>
-school in the State of Kerala, in India. The work consisted in adding a
-series of stamps to the program, from photographs taken by the students
-themselves. They took pictures of autochthonous flowers and processed
-the digital images with the free libre GNU Image Manipulation Program
-<a href= "http://directory.fsf.org/project/gimp/";>GIMP</a>, adding also
-the name of each flower in English and in Malayalam, the local language.
-As Tux Paint has a sound function, students also recorded with their own
-voices the name of the flowers in Malayalam, so when one of these
-flowers is chosen to be stamped onto the canvas, the user will see and
-hear the name of the flower in Malayalam.</p>
-
-<p>An additional useful activity done by this school by applying the
-freedom to modify the program, was the translation of the Tux Paint
-interface into Malayalam, the language spoken in the state of Kerala.</p>
-
-<h3>Why</h3>
-
-<p>The freedom to modify the program is an important resource that was
-used by the school to reach beyond the scope of teaching basic computer
-graphical skills or entertaining children. It was used to show them
-that information technology is not something to be subjected to, not
-something that should be imposed upon the user, but an instrument to
-serve users according to their requirements.</p>
-
-<p>The freedom to install the program in all computers in the Lab was
-also important, since the school has limited economical resources to
-invest in licenses. By distributing copies of the original and modified
-version of the program to the students, the school provided
-assistance to families undergoing economic hardship.</p>
-
-<h3>Results</h3>
-
-<p>Adding stamps to Tux Paint was an exciting and enriching experience
-for the students. First, they analyzed how the program works and
-discovered the mechanism that the program uses for the implementation
-of stamps. Then they learned how this particular characteristic of the
-program permitted the addition of stamps and how to do it. They also
-acquired a deeper knowledge of GIMP during the manipulation of the
-images. The whole process gave them an opportunity not only to develop
-new technical abilities, but also to identify and appreciate local
-flora. Most importantly, they learned that anyone, even non programmers
-or children, can actually influence and improve information
-technology when software freedom is granted.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h4>Credits</h4>
-
-<p>Images of the Tux Paint interface in Malayalam with native flowers,
-of the Appooppan Thaady and Anthoorium flowers, as well as both sound
-files are courtesy of the Vocational Higher Secondary School Irimpanam
-and are licensed under CC-BY-SA,
-<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/";>
-Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported</a>.</p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-software-tuxpaint.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu-software-tuxpaint1.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-software-tuxpaint1.html
diff -N edu-software-tuxpaint1.html
--- edu-software-tuxpaint1.html 10 Jun 2012 07:59:18 -0000 1.4
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,225 +0,0 @@
-<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<title>Tux Paint - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<!--#include virtual="/education/po/edu-software-tuxpaint.translist" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Tux Paint</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li class="active"><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational
- Resources</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul><!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>
→
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-software.html">Educational Free Software</a> →
-Tux Paint</p>
-
-<h3>Description</h3>
-
-<div style="width: 330px; margin: 30px 0px 30px 30px; float: right;">
-
-<!-- GNUN: localize URL /education/draft/tuxpaint-start-sm.png,
/education/draft/tuxpaint-start.png -->
-
-<a href="/education/draft/tuxpaint-start.png">
-<img src="/education/draft/tuxpaint-start-sm.png" alt="Screenshot of the Tux
-Paint interface."/></a>
-</div>
-
-<p>Tux Paint is a cross-platform drawing program created specifically
-for children. Little kids as young as 3 years old have no difficulty in
-finding their way around its clear and intuitive interface which
-features large buttons identified by a label as well as an icon so that
-the child can easily recognize them. At the center of the screen there
-is a white canvas for the child to draw making use of a wide variety of
-tools and paint brushes. As a start, the child can load outlined
-pictures to be colored, as in a coloring-book.</p>
-
-<p>The program includes all of the most common drawing tools such as
-lines and brushes for free-hand drawing and coloring, geometric shapes,
-sizing, an eraser, the "Redo" and "Undo" options, plus sound that plays
-while painting and a special tool called "Magic" for impressive effects:
-rainbow, glitter, chalk, blur, flip, and more.</p>
-
-<p>Along with the Magic tool, the other popular feature among children
-is "Stamp", which contains loads of pictures and clip art that can
-be "stamped" on the canvas, such as plants and flowers, animals, holiday
-art, planets, and much more. Many of these stamps are provided with the
-program out of the box, and others are available as separate collections
-to be installed. Many users contribute their own art work to be included
-as stamps in the program; here we are going to see an example of
-how this was done by a group of children from a school in India, thus
-putting into practice the software freedom that the program guarantees.</p>
-
-<p>Tux Paint is available in more than 80 languages, including minority
-and right-to-left languages. Such a large number of languages is the
-result of contributions made by users from all over the world.</p>
-
-<p>To learn more: <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/TuxPaint/";>
-FSF Directory</a>, <a href="http://tuxpaint.org";>
-Tux Paint Official Website</a></p>
-
-<h3>Who's Using It and How</h3>
-
-<div style="with: 320px; margin:0px 0px 0px 30px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint-stamps.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/tuxpaint-stamps-sm.jpg" alt="Screenshot of
-the Tux Paint interface in Malayalam with native flowers."/></a>
-</div>
-
-<p>Comments by <a href="http://tuxpaint.org/comments/";>home users</a>
-and stories from <a href="http://tuxpaint.org/schools/";>schools</a>
-using Tux Paint are presented in the official website. There are reports
-that the program is one of the most helpful tools for children to get
-acquainted with basic computer graphic skills while providing a highly
-attractive environment for them. However, the distinctive feature that
-makes Tux Paint preferable to similar drawing software for kids is
-the fact that it is Free Software, meaning it comes with no restrictions
-of any sort and the user is granted a series of freedoms. For example,
-one of the freedoms is that the user is allowed to install the program
-in as many work stations as needed, which is specially important for
-schools.</p>
-
-<p>Another significant freedom that Free Software guarantees is the
-freedom to modify the program so as to adapt it to the user's needs and
-to redistribute copies of the modified version. It is thanks to this
-freedom that Tux Paint is available in so many languages, including
-those spoken by minority groups. In fact, translations into less widely
-spoken languages have been provided by the users themselves. This is so
-because most of the time, companies whose business consists of
-development of non-free software adopt policies on the basis of market
-size: if the market is not large enough to ensure profit, they are
-generally reluctant to invest on it.</p>
-
-<div style="width: 170px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/appooppanthaady.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/appooppanthaady-sm.jpg"
-alt="Image of the Appooppan Thaady flower." /></a>
-
-<p><a href="/education/misc/appooppanthady.ogg">Listen</a> to a student
-pronounce the name of the Appooppan Thaady flower in Malayalam.</p>
-</div> <!-- style -->
-
-<div style="width: 160px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/anthoorium.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/anthoorium-sm.jpg"
-alt="Image of the Anthoorium flower." /></a>
-
-<p><a href="/education/misc/anthoorium.ogg">Listen</a> to a student
-pronounce the name of the Anthoorium flower in Malayalam.</p>
-</div> <!-- style -->
-
-<p>A good example of how software freedom can be applied in Tux Paint is
-the work done by 11 and 12 years old students from the
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html">VHSS Irimpanam</a>
-school in the State of Kerala, in India. The work consisted in adding a
-series of stamps to the program, from photographs taken by the students
-themselves. They took pictures of autochthonous flowers and processed
-the digital images with the free libre GNU Image Manipulation Program
-<a href= "http://directory.fsf.org/project/gimp/";>GIMP</a>, adding also
-the name of each flower in English and in Malayalam, the local language.
-As Tux Paint has a sound function, students also recorded with their own
-voices the name of the flowers in Malayalam, so when one of these
-flowers is chosen to be stamped onto the canvas, the user will see and
-hear the name of the flower in Malayalam.</p>
-
-<p>An additional useful activity done by this school by applying the
-freedom to modify the program, was the translation of the Tux Paint
-interface into Malayalam, the language spoken in the state of Kerala.</p>
-
-<h3>Why</h3>
-
-<p>The freedom to modify the program is an important resource that was
-used by the school to reach beyond the scope of teaching basic computer
-graphical skills or entertaining children. It was used to show them
-that information technology is not something to be subjected to, not
-something that should be imposed upon the user, but an instrument to
-serve users according to their requirements.</p>
-
-<p>The freedom to install the program in all computers in the Lab was
-also important, since the school has limited economical resources to
-invest in licenses. By distributing copies of the original and modified
-version of the program to the students, the school provided
-assistance to families undergoing economic hardship.</p>
-
-<h3>Results</h3>
-
-<p>Adding stamps to Tux Paint was an exciting and enriching experience
-for the students. First, they analyzed how the program works and
-discovered the mechanism that the program uses for the implementation
-of stamps. Then they learned how this particular characteristic of the
-program permitted the addition of stamps and how to do it. They also
-acquired a deeper knowledge of GIMP during the manipulation of the
-images. The whole process gave them an opportunity not only to develop
-new technical abilities, but also to identify and appreciate local
-flora. Most importantly, they learned that anyone, even non programmers
-or children, can actually influence and improve information
-technology when software freedom is granted.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h4>Credits</h4>
-
-<p>Images of the Tux Paint interface in Malayalam with native flowers,
-of the Appooppan Thaady and Anthoorium flowers, as well as both sound
-files are courtesy of the Vocational Higher Secondary School Irimpanam
-and are licensed under CC-BY-SA,
-<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/";>
-Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported</a>.</p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- pages on the GNU web server should be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US.
- Please do NOT change or remove this without talking
- with the webmasters or licensing team first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2012/06/10 07:59:18 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu-software-tuxpaint2.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-software-tuxpaint2.html
diff -N edu-software-tuxpaint2.html
--- edu-software-tuxpaint2.html 10 Jun 2012 07:59:18 -0000 1.4
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,225 +0,0 @@
-<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<title>Tux Paint - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<!--#include virtual="/education/po/edu-software-tuxpaint.translist" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Tux Paint</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li class="active"><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational
- Resources</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul><!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a>
→
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a> →
-<a href="/education/edu-software.html">Educational Free Software</a> →
-Tux Paint</p>
-
-<h3>Description</h3>
-
-<div style="width: 370px; margin: 30px 0px 30px 30px; float: right;">
-
-<!-- GNUN: localize URL /education/draft/tuxpaint-start-sm2.png,
/education/draft/tuxpaint-start.png -->
-
-<a href="/education/draft/tuxpaint-start.png">
-<img src="/education/draft/tuxpaint-start-sm2.png" alt="Screenshot of the Tux
-Paint interface."/></a>
-</div>
-
-<p>Tux Paint is a cross-platform drawing program created specifically
-for children. Little kids as young as 3 years old have no difficulty in
-finding their way around its clear and intuitive interface which
-features large buttons identified by a label as well as an icon so that
-the child can easily recognize them. At the center of the screen there
-is a white canvas for the child to draw making use of a wide variety of
-tools and paint brushes. As a start, the child can load outlined
-pictures to be colored, as in a coloring-book.</p>
-
-<p>The program includes all of the most common drawing tools such as
-lines and brushes for free-hand drawing and coloring, geometric shapes,
-sizing, an eraser, the "Redo" and "Undo" options, plus sound that plays
-while painting and a special tool called "Magic" for impressive effects:
-rainbow, glitter, chalk, blur, flip, and more.</p>
-
-<p>Along with the Magic tool, the other popular feature among children
-is "Stamp", which contains loads of pictures and clip art that can
-be "stamped" on the canvas, such as plants and flowers, animals, holiday
-art, planets, and much more. Many of these stamps are provided with the
-program out of the box, and others are available as separate collections
-to be installed. Many users contribute their own art work to be included
-as stamps in the program; here we are going to see an example of
-how this was done by a group of children from a school in India, thus
-putting into practice the software freedom that the program guarantees.</p>
-
-<p>Tux Paint is available in more than 80 languages, including minority
-and right-to-left languages. Such a large number of languages is the
-result of contributions made by users from all over the world.</p>
-
-<p>To learn more: <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/TuxPaint/";>
-FSF Directory</a>, <a href="http://tuxpaint.org";>
-Tux Paint Official Website</a></p>
-
-<h3>Who's Using It and How</h3>
-
-<div style="with: 320px; margin:0px 0px 0px 30px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/tuxpaint-stamps.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/tuxpaint-stamps-sm.jpg" alt="Screenshot of
-the Tux Paint interface in Malayalam with native flowers."/></a>
-</div>
-
-<p>Comments by <a href="http://tuxpaint.org/comments/";>home users</a>
-and stories from <a href="http://tuxpaint.org/schools/";>schools</a>
-using Tux Paint are presented in the official website. There are reports
-that the program is one of the most helpful tools for children to get
-acquainted with basic computer graphic skills while providing a highly
-attractive environment for them. However, the distinctive feature that
-makes Tux Paint preferable to similar drawing software for kids is
-the fact that it is Free Software, meaning it comes with no restrictions
-of any sort and the user is granted a series of freedoms. For example,
-one of the freedoms is that the user is allowed to install the program
-in as many work stations as needed, which is specially important for
-schools.</p>
-
-<p>Another significant freedom that Free Software guarantees is the
-freedom to modify the program so as to adapt it to the user's needs and
-to redistribute copies of the modified version. It is thanks to this
-freedom that Tux Paint is available in so many languages, including
-those spoken by minority groups. In fact, translations into less widely
-spoken languages have been provided by the users themselves. This is so
-because most of the time, companies whose business consists of
-development of non-free software adopt policies on the basis of market
-size: if the market is not large enough to ensure profit, they are
-generally reluctant to invest on it.</p>
-
-<div style="width: 170px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/appooppanthaady.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/appooppanthaady-sm.jpg"
-alt="Image of the Appooppan Thaady flower." /></a>
-
-<p><a href="/education/misc/appooppanthady.ogg">Listen</a> to a student
-pronounce the name of the Appooppan Thaady flower in Malayalam.</p>
-</div> <!-- style -->
-
-<div style="width: 160px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 30px; float: right;">
-
-<a href="/education/misc/anthoorium.jpg">
-<img src="/education/misc/anthoorium-sm.jpg"
-alt="Image of the Anthoorium flower." /></a>
-
-<p><a href="/education/misc/anthoorium.ogg">Listen</a> to a student
-pronounce the name of the Anthoorium flower in Malayalam.</p>
-</div> <!-- style -->
-
-<p>A good example of how software freedom can be applied in Tux Paint is
-the work done by 11 and 12 years old students from the
-<a href="/education/edu-cases-india-irimpanam.html">VHSS Irimpanam</a>
-school in the State of Kerala, in India. The work consisted in adding a
-series of stamps to the program, from photographs taken by the students
-themselves. They took pictures of autochthonous flowers and processed
-the digital images with the free libre GNU Image Manipulation Program
-<a href= "http://directory.fsf.org/project/gimp/";>GIMP</a>, adding also
-the name of each flower in English and in Malayalam, the local language.
-As Tux Paint has a sound function, students also recorded with their own
-voices the name of the flowers in Malayalam, so when one of these
-flowers is chosen to be stamped onto the canvas, the user will see and
-hear the name of the flower in Malayalam.</p>
-
-<p>An additional useful activity done by this school by applying the
-freedom to modify the program, was the translation of the Tux Paint
-interface into Malayalam, the language spoken in the state of Kerala.</p>
-
-<h3>Why</h3>
-
-<p>The freedom to modify the program is an important resource that was
-used by the school to reach beyond the scope of teaching basic computer
-graphical skills or entertaining children. It was used to show them
-that information technology is not something to be subjected to, not
-something that should be imposed upon the user, but an instrument to
-serve users according to their requirements.</p>
-
-<p>The freedom to install the program in all computers in the Lab was
-also important, since the school has limited economical resources to
-invest in licenses. By distributing copies of the original and modified
-version of the program to the students, the school provided
-assistance to families undergoing economic hardship.</p>
-
-<h3>Results</h3>
-
-<p>Adding stamps to Tux Paint was an exciting and enriching experience
-for the students. First, they analyzed how the program works and
-discovered the mechanism that the program uses for the implementation
-of stamps. Then they learned how this particular characteristic of the
-program permitted the addition of stamps and how to do it. They also
-acquired a deeper knowledge of GIMP during the manipulation of the
-images. The whole process gave them an opportunity not only to develop
-new technical abilities, but also to identify and appreciate local
-flora. Most importantly, they learned that anyone, even non programmers
-or children, can actually influence and improve information
-technology when software freedom is granted.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<h4>Credits</h4>
-
-<p>Images of the Tux Paint interface in Malayalam with native flowers,
-of the Appooppan Thaady and Anthoorium flowers, as well as both sound
-files are courtesy of the Vocational Higher Secondary School Irimpanam
-and are licensed under CC-BY-SA,
-<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/";>
-Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported</a>.</p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- pages on the GNU web server should be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US.
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- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
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-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
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-<!-- timestamp end -->
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Index: edu-system-india.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-system-india.html
diff -N edu-system-india.html
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@@ -1,402 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>The Education System in India - GNU Project - Free Software
-Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>The Education System in India</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li><a href="edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li><a href="edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li><a href="edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a href="edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="edu-team.html">The Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> → In Depth</p>
-
-<p>by <strong>Dr. V. Sasi Kumar</strong><a href="#sasi">(1)</a></p>
-
-<h3>In the Beginning</h3>
-
-<p>In ancient times, India had the Gurukula system of education in which
-anyone who wished to study went to a teacher's (Guru) house and
-requested to be taught. If accepted as a student by the guru, he would
-then stay at the guru's place and help in all activities at home. This
-not only created a strong tie between the teacher and the student, but
-also taught the student everything about running a house. The guru
-taught everything the child wanted to learn, from Sanskrit to the holy
-scriptures and from Mathematics to Metaphysics. The student stayed as
-long as she wished or until the guru felt that he had taught everything
-he could teach. All learning was closely linked to nature and to life,
-and not confined to memorizing some information.</p>
-
-<p>The modern school system was brought to India, including the English
-language, originally by Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay in the 1830s. The
-curriculum was confined to “modern” subjects such as science
-and mathematics, and subjects like metaphysics and philosophy were
-considered unnecessary. Teaching was confined to classrooms and the link
-with nature was broken, as also the close relationship between the
-teacher and the student.</p>
-
-<p>The Uttar Pradesh (a state in India) Board of High School and
-Intermediate Education was the first Board set up in India in the year
-1921 with jurisdiction over Rajputana, Central India and Gwalior. In
-1929, the Board of High School and Intermediate Education, Rajputana,
-was established. Later, boards were established in some of the states.
-But eventually, in 1952, the constitution of the board was amended and
-it was renamed Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). All schools
-in Delhi and some other regions came under the Board. It was the
-function of the Board to decide on things like curriculum, textbooks and
-examination system for all schools affiliated to it. Today there are
-thousands of schools affiliated to the Board, both within India and in
-many other countries from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe.</p>
-
-<p>Universal and compulsory education for all children in the age group
-of 6-14 was a cherished dream of the new government of the Republic of
-India. This is evident from the fact that it is incorporated as a
-directive policy in article 45 of the constitution. But this objective
-remains far away even more than half a century later. However, in the
-recent past, the government appears to have taken a serious note of this
-lapse and has made primary education a Fundamental Right of every Indian
-citizen. The pressures of economic growth and the acute scarcity of
-skilled and trained manpower must certainly have played a role to make
-the government take such a step. The expenditure by the Government of
-India on school education in recent years comes to around 3% of the GDP,
-which is recognized to be very low.</p>
-
-<blockquote><p>“In recent times, several major announcements were
-made for developing the poor state of affairs in education sector in
-India, the most notable ones being the National Common Minimum Programme
-(NCMP) of the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government. The
-announcements are; (a) To progressively increase expenditure on
-education to around 6 percent of GDP. (b) To support this increase in
-expenditure on education, and to increase the quality of education,
-there would be an imposition of an education cess over all central
-government taxes. (c) To ensure that no one is denied of education due
-to economic backwardness and poverty. (d) To make right to education a
-fundamental right for all children in the age group 6–14 years. (e) To
-universalize education through its flagship programmes such as Sarva
-Siksha Abhiyan and Mid Day Meal.”
-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_india";>Wikipedia:
-Education in India</a>.</p></blockquote>
-
-<h3>The School System</h3>
-
-<p>India is divided into 28 states and 7 so-called “Union
-Territories”. The states have their own elected governments while
-the Union Territories are ruled directly by the Government of India,
-with the President of India appointing an administrator for each Union
-Territory. As per the constitution of India, school education was
-originally a state subject —that is, the states had complete
-authority on deciding policies and implementing them. The role of the
-Government of India (GoI) was limited to coordination and deciding on
-the standards of higher education. This was changed with a
-constitutional amendment in 1976 so that education now comes in the
-so-called <em>concurrent list</em>. That is, school education policies
-and programmes are suggested at the national level by the GoI though the
-state governments have a lot of freedom in implementing programmes.
-Policies are announced at the national level periodically. The Central
-Advisory Board of Education (CABE), set up in 1935, continues to play a
-lead role in the evolution and monitoring of educational policies and
-programmes.</p>
-
-<p>There is a national organization that plays a key role in developing
-policies and programmes, called the National Council for Educational
-Research and Training (NCERT) that prepares a National Curriculum
-Framework. Each state has its counterpart called the State Council for
-Educational Research and Training (SCERT). These are the bodies that
-essentially propose educational strategies, curricula, pedagogical
-schemes and evaluation methodologies to the states' departments of
-education. The SCERTs generally follow guidelines established by the
-NCERT. But the states have considerable freedom in implementing the
-education system.</p>
-
-<p>The National Policy on Education, 1986 and the Programme of Action
-(POA) 1992 envisaged free and compulsory education of satisfactory
-quality for all children below 14 years before the 21st Century. The
-government committed to earmark 6% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
-for education, half of which would be spent on primary education. The
-expenditure on Education as a percentage of GDP also rose from 0.7 per
-cent in 1951-52 to about 3.6 per cent in 1997-98.</p>
-
-<p>The school system in India has four levels: lower primary (age 6 to
-10), upper primary (11 and 12), high (13 to 15) and higher secondary (17
-and 18). The lower primary school is divided into five
“standards”,
-upper primary school into two, high school into three and higher
-secondary into two. Students have to learn a common curriculum largely
-(except for regional changes in mother tongue) till the end of high
-school. There is some amount of specialization possible at the higher
-secondary level. Students throughout the country have to learn three
-languages (namely, English, Hindi and their mother tongue) except in
-regions where Hindi is the mother tongue and in some streams as
-discussed below.</p>
-
-<p>There are mainly three streams in school education in India. Two of
-these are coordinated at the national level, of which one is under the
-Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and was originally meant for
-children of central government employees who are periodically
-transferred and may have to move to any place in the country. A number
-of “central schools” (named Kendriya Vidyalayas) have been
-established for the purpose in all main urban areas in the country, and
-they follow a common schedule so that a student going from one school to
-another on a particular day will hardly see any difference in what is
-being taught. One subject (Social Studies, consisting of History,
-Geography and Civics) is always taught in Hindi, and other subjects in
-English, in these schools. Kendriya Vidyalayas admit other children also
-if seats are available. All of them follow textbooks written and
-published by the NCERT. In addition to these government-run schools, a
-number of private schools in the country follow the CBSE syllabus though
-they may use different text books and follow different teaching
-schedules. They have a certain amount of freedom in what they teach in
-lower classes. The CBSE also has 141 affiliated schools in 21 other
-countries mainly catering to the needs of the Indian population there.</p>
-
-<p>The second central scheme is the Indian Certificate of Secondary
-Education (ICSE). It seems that this was started as a replacement for
-the Cambridge School Certificate. The idea was mooted in a conference
-held in 1952 under the Chairmanship of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, the then
-Minister for Education. The main purpose of the conference was to
-consider the replacement of the overseas Cambridge School Certificate
-Examination by an All India Examination. In October 1956 at the meeting
-of the Inter-State Board for Anglo-Indian Education, a proposal was
-adopted for the setting up of an Indian Council to administer the
-University of Cambridge, Local Examinations Syndicate's Examination in
-India and to advise the Syndicate on the best way to adapt its
-examination to the needs of the country. The inaugural meeting of the
-Council was held on 3rd November, 1958. In December 1967, the Council
-was registered as a Society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860.
-The Council was listed in the Delhi School Education Act 1973, as a body
-conducting public examinations. Now a large number of schools across the
-country are affiliated to this Council. All these are private schools
-and generally cater to children from wealthy families.</p>
-
-<p>Both the CBSE and the ICSE council conduct their own examinations in
-schools across the country that are affiliated to them at the end of 10
-years of schooling (after high school) and again at the end of 12 years
-(after higher secondary). Admission to the 11th class is normally based
-on the performance in this all-India examination. Since this puts a lot
-of pressure on the child to perform well, there have been suggestions to
-remove the examination at the end of 10 years.</p>
-
-<h3>Exclusive Schools</h3>
-
-<p>In addition to the above, there are a relatively small number of
-schools that follow foreign curricula such as the so-called Senior
-Cambridge, though this was largely superseded by the ICSE stream
-elsewhere. Some of these schools also offer the students the opportunity
-to sit for the ICSE examinations. These are usually very expensive
-residential schools where some of the Indians working abroad send their
-children. They normally have fabulous infrastructure, low student-teacher
-ratio and very few students. Many of them have teachers from abroad.
-There are also other exclusive schools such as the Doon School in
-Dehradun that take in a small number of students and charge exorbitant
-fees.</p>
-
-<p>Apart from all of these, there are a handful of schools around the
-country, such as the Rishi Valley school in Andhra Pradesh, that try to
-break away from the normal education system that promotes rote learning
-and implement innovative systems such as the Montessori method. Most
-such schools are expensive, have high teacher-student ratios and provide
-a learning environment in which each child can learn at his/her own pace.
-It would be interesting and instructive to do a study on what impact the
-kind of school has had on the life of their alumni.</p>
-
-<h3>State Schools</h3>
-
-<p>Each state in the country has its own Department of Education that
-runs its own school system with its own textbooks and evaluation system.
-As mentioned earlier, the curriculum, pedagogy and evaluation method are
-largely decided by the SCERT in the state, following the national
-guidelines prescribed by the NCERT.</p>
-
-<p>Each state has three kinds of schools that follow the state
-curriculum. The government runs its own schools in land and buildings
-owned by the government and paying the staff from its own resources.
-These are generally known as <em>government schools</em>. The fees are
-quite low in such schools. Then there are privately owned schools with
-their own land and buildings. Here the fees are high and the teachers
-are paid by the management. Such schools mostly cater to the urban
-middle class families. The third kind consists of schools that are
-provided grant-in-aid by the government, though the school was started
-by a private agency in their own land and buildings. The grant-in-aid is
-meant to help reduce the fees and make it possible for poor families to
-send their children. In some states like Kerala, these schools are very
-similar to government schools since the teachers are paid by the
-government and the fees are the same as in government schools.</p>
-
-<h3>The Case of Kerala</h3>
-
-<p>The state of Kerala, a small state in the South Western coast of
-India, has been different from the rest of the country in many ways for
-the last few decades. It has, for instance, the highest literacy rate
-among all states, and was declared the first fully literate state about
-a decade back. Life expectancy, both male and female, is very high,
-close to that of the developed world. Other parameters such as fertility
-rate, infant and child mortality are among the best in the country, if
-not the best. The total fertility rate has been below the replacement
-rate of 2.1 for the last two decades. Probably as a side-effect of
-economic and social development, suicide rates and alcoholism are also
-very high. Government policies also have been very different from the
-rest of the country, leading to the development model followed in Kerala,
-with high expenditure in education and welfare, coming to be known as
-the “Kerala Model“ among economists.</p>
-
-<p>Kerala has also always shown interest in trying out ways of improving
-its school education system. Every time the NCERT came up with new ideas,
-it was Kerala that tried it out first. The state experimented with the
-District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) with gusto, though there was
-opposition to it from various quarters, and even took it beyond primary
-classes. The state was the first in the country to move from the
-traditional behaviorist way of teaching to a social constructivist
-paradigm. It was mentioned in the National Curriculum Framework of NCERT
-in the year 2000, and Kerala started trying it out the next year. The
-transaction in the classroom and the evaluation methodology were changed.
-Instead of direct questions that could be answered only through
-memorizing the lessons, indirect questions and open ended questions were
-included so that the student needed to think before answering, and the
-answers could be subjective to some extent. This meant that the students
-had to digest what they studied and had to be able to use their
-knowledge in a specific situation to answer the questions. At the same
-time, the new method took away a lot of pressure and the children began
-to find examinations interesting and enjoyable instead of being
-stressful. A Comprehensive and Continuous Evaluation (CCE) system was
-introduced along with this, which took into consideration the overall
-personality of the student and reduced the dependence on a single final
-examination for deciding promotion to the next class. At present, the
-CBSE also has implemented CCE, but in a more flexible manner.</p>
-
-<p>Kerala was also the first state in the country to introduce
-Information Technology as a subject of study at the High School level.
-It was started in class 8 with the textbook introducing Microsoft
-Windows and Microsoft Office. But within one year the government was
-forced to include Free Software also in the curriculum by protests from
-Free Software enthusiasts and a favorable stance taken by a school
-teachers association that had the majority of government teachers as its
-members. Eventually, from the year 2007, only GNU/Linux was taught in
-the schools, and all computers in schools had only GNU/Linux installed.
-At that time, perhaps even today, this was the largest installation of
-GNU/Linux in schools, and made headlines even in other countries. Every
-year, from 2007 onwards, about 500,000 children pass out of the schools
-learning the concepts behind Free Software and the GNU/Linux operating
-system and applications. The state is now moving towards IT Enabled
-Education. Eventually, IT will not be taught as a separate subject.
-Instead, all subjects will be taught with the help of IT so that the
-children will, on the one hand, learn IT skills and, on the other, make
-use of educational applications (such as those mentioned below) and
-resources in the Internet (such as textual material from sites like
-Wikipedia, images, animations and videos) to study their subjects and to
-do exercises. Teachers and students have already started using
-applications such as <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/drgeo/";>
-Dr. Geo</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoGebra";>
-GeoGebra</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KTechLab";>
-KtechLab</a> for studying geometry and electronics. Applications like
-<a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/sunclock/";>
-Sunclock</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalzium";>
-Kalzium</a> and <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/sunclock/";>
-Ghemical</a> are also popular among teachers and students.</p>
-
-<p>The initiative taken by Kerala is now influencing other states and
-even the policies of the Government of India. States like Karnataka and
-Gujarat are now planning to introduce Free Software in their schools,
-and some other states like Maharashtra are examining the option. The new
-education policy of the Government of India speaks about constructivism,
-IT enabled education, Free Software and sharing educational resources.
-Once a few of the larger states successfully migrate to Free Software,
-it is hoped that the entire country would follow suit in a relatively
-short time. When that happens, India could have the largest user base of
-GNU/Linux and Free Software in general.</p>
-
-<h4>References</h4>
-
-<p>http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00generallinks/macaulay/txt_minute_education_1835.html<br
/>
-http://varnam.org/blog/2007/08/the_story_behind_macaulays_edu<br />
-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_Board_of_Secondary_Education</p>
-
-<hr />
-<a id="sasi"></a><a href="http://swatantryam.blogspot.com/";>V. Sasi Kumar</a>
is a doctor
-in physics and a member of the FSF India Board of Directors. He advocates
-for Free Software and freedom of knowledge.
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
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-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Dr. V. Sasi Kumar.</p>
-
-<p><!--TRANSLATORS: Please note that the license here is CC-BY-SA -->
-This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
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-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-system-india.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
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-
Index: edu-team.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-team.html
diff -N edu-team.html
--- edu-team.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>The Education Team - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>The Education Team</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li class="active">
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> → The Education Team</p>
-
-<p>The Education Team was initially created to carry out the task of
-building a section within the gnu.org website to specifically address
-the importance of using Free Software in the education field. We believe
-that the achievements of the <a href=" /gnu/the-gnu-project.html">GNU
-Project</a> must be applied to all areas of education if they are to
-have an effective positive influence on society as a whole.</p>
-
-<p>The Team provides an answer to the need for a comprehensive
-approach to the adoption of <a href=" /philosophy/free-sw.html">
-Free Software</a> by educational institutions. Along with technical
-support and availability of adequate free educational software, an
-improved understanding of the fundamentals of the
-<a href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">GNU philosophy</a> will
-significantly aid the decisional process at times when schools and
-universities are considering the possibility of installing or migrating
-to Free Software. For this reason, we aim at emphasizing the importance
-of the ethical principles of Free Software since they are in line with
-the goals of educational institutions of all levels. This approach will
-ensure success and effectiveness of the migration experience over time.
-Raising awareness about these principles is the main goal of our
-Team.</p>
-
-<p>We oppose any measures undertaken by governments or educational
-institutions to impose the use of proprietary software and standards
-in the school. We stand up for the right of teachers and students to
-use Free Software at school.</p>
-
-<p>With our work, we also want to provide evidence that the freedoms
-granted by Free Software live not in the realm of abstract theories but
-can be exercised by all users, including educational institutions.
-Universities and schools can and should put those freedoms to good use,
-and our aim is to show how.</p>
-
-<p>With those objectives in mind, the Team intends to perform the
-following tasks:</p>
-
-<ul>
- <li>Present cases of educational institutions around the world
who
- are successfully using and teaching Free Software.</li>
-
- <li>Show examples of how free programs are being used by
educational
- institutions to improve the learning and teaching processes.</li>
-
- <li>Publish articles on the various aspects involved in the use
of
- Free Software by educational institutions.</li>
-
- <li>Maintain a dialogue with teachers, students and
administrators of
- educational institutions to listen to their difficulties and provide
- support.</li>
-
- <li>Keep in contact with other groups around the world
committed to
- the promotion of Free Software in education.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>If you are interested in our work and wish to help, if you have any
-questions or suggestions, or if you know of educational institutions
-around the world who follow the GNU philosophy and have successfully
-implemented Free Software, please drop us a note at
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: edu-why.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-why.html
diff -N edu-why.html
--- edu-why.html 9 Feb 2013 06:09:44 -0000 1.9
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,198 +0,0 @@
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.57 -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Why Educational Institutions Should Use and Teach Free Software - GNU
Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-<h2>Why Educational Institutions Should Use and Teach Free Software</h2>
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
-
-<li>
-<a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="edu-content" -->
-
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> → In Depth</p>
-
-<div class="center">
-<p><strong>"Schools should teach their students to be citizens of a
-strong, capable, independent and free society."</strong></p>
-</div>
-
-<p>These are the main reasons why universities and schools of all
-levels should use exclusively Free Software.</p>
-
-<h3>Sharing</h3>
-
-Schools should teach the value of sharing by setting an example. Free
-software supports education by allowing the sharing of knowledge and
-tools:
-
-<ul>
-<li>Knowledge. Many young students have a talent for programing; they
-are fascinated with computers and eager to learn how their systems work.
-With proprietary software, this information is a secret so teachers have
-no way of making it available to their students. But if it is Free
-Software, the teacher can explain the basic subject and then hand out
-the source code for the student to read and learn.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<ul>
-<li>Tools. Teachers can hand out to students copies of the programs they
-use in the classroom so that they can use them at home. With Free
-Software, coying is not only authorized, it is encouraged.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3>Social Responsibility</h3>
-
-Computing has become an essential part of everyday life. Digital
-technology is transforming society very quickly, and schools have an
-influence on the future of society. Their mission is to get students
-ready to participate in a free digital society by teaching them the
-skills to make it easy for them to take control of their own lives.
-Software should not be under the power of a software developer who
-unilaterally makes decisions that nobody else can change. Educational
-institutions should not allow proprietary software companies to impose
-their power on the rest of society and its future.
-
-
-<h3>Independence</h3>
-
-Schools have an ethical responsibility to teach strength, not dependency
-on a single product or a specific powerful company. Furthermore, by
-choosing to use Free Software, the school itself gains independence from
-any commercial interests and it avoids vendor lock-in.
-
-<ul>
-<li>Proprietary software companies use schools and universities as a
-springboard to reach users and thus impose their software on society as
-a whole. They offer discounts, or even gratis copies of their
-proprietary programs to educational institutions; afterwards it is not
-gratis, either for them or their employers. Essentially, what these
-companies are doing is they are recruiting schools and universities
-into agents to lead people into permanent lifelong dependency.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<ul>
-<li>Free software licenses do not expire, which means that once Free
-Software is adopted, institutions remain independent from the vendor.
-Moreover, Free Software licenses grant users the rights not only to
-use the software as they wish, to copy it and distribute it, but also
-to modify it in order to meet their own needs. Therefore, if
-institutions eventually wish to implement a particular function in a
-piece of software, they can engage the services of any developer to
-accomplish the task, independently from the original vendor.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3>Learning</h3>
-
-When deciding where they will study, more and more students are
-considering whether a university teaches computer science and software
-development using Free Software. Free software means that students are
-free to study how the programs work and to learn how to adapt them for
-their own needs. Learning about Free Software also helps in studying
-software development ethics and professional practice.
-
-<h3>Saving</h3>
-
-This is an obvious advantage that will appeal immediately to many school
-administrators, but it is a marginal benefit. The main point of this
-aspect is that by being authorized to distribute copies of the programs
-at little or no cost, schools can actually aid families facing financial
-issues, thus promoting fairness and equal opportunities of learning
-among students.
-
-<h3>Quality</h3>
-
-Stable, secure and easily installed Free Software solutions are
-available for education already. In any case, excellence of performance
-is a secondary benefit; the ultimate goal is freedom for computer users.
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general,
- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about
- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking
- with the webmasters first.
- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document
- and that it is like this: "2001, 2002", not this: "2001-2002". -->
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>.</p>
-
-<p>Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/02/09 06:09:44 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h4>Translations of this page</h4>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code.
- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German.
- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text.
- If you add a new language here, please
- advise address@hidden and add it to
- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html
- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway"
- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias
- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases
- Please also check you have the language code right; see:
- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available,
- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2.
- Please use W3C normative character entities.
-
- See also '(web-trans)Capitalization':
-
http://gnu.org/software/trans-coord/manual/web-trans/html_node/Capitalization.html
- -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/education/edu-why.html">English</a> [en]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>
Index: other_v0.html
===================================================================
RCS file: other_v0.html
diff -N other_v0.html
--- other_v0.html 10 Jun 2012 07:59:18 -0000 1.4
+++ /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,324 +0,0 @@
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Index: who-uses_v0.html
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RCS file: who-uses_v0.html
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