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www/philosophy freedom-or-copyright.html philos...


From: Yavor Doganov
Subject: www/philosophy freedom-or-copyright.html philos...
Date: Mon, 04 Feb 2008 06:22:02 +0000

CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     Yavor Doganov <yavor>   08/02/04 06:22:02

Modified files:
        philosophy     : freedom-or-copyright.html philosophy.html 
Added files:
        philosophy     : freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.nl.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html 
Removed files:
        philosophy     : freedom-or-copyright.de.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.es.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.fr.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.hr.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.it.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.ja.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.ko.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.nl.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.pl.html 
                         freedom-or-copyright.ru.html 

Log message:
        New version of freedom-or-copyright.  Rename all articles to
        freedom-or-copyright-old and update translation links.  Closes: RT
        #354929.

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.22&r2=1.23
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/philosophy.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.261&r2=1.262
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.nl.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.2&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.hr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.2&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.nl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.pl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.8&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=0

Patches:
Index: freedom-or-copyright.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html,v
retrieving revision 1.22
retrieving revision 1.23
diff -u -b -r1.22 -r1.23
--- freedom-or-copyright.html   2 Feb 2008 23:05:38 -0000       1.22
+++ freedom-or-copyright.html   4 Feb 2008 06:21:02 -0000       1.23
@@ -1,135 +1,125 @@
 <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
 <title>Freedom&mdash;or Copyright? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation 
(FSF)</title>
-
 <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
 <h2>Freedom&mdash;or Copyright?</h2>
 
 <p>
   by <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong>
 </p>
 
-<blockquote>
 <p>
-The brave new world of e-books: no more used book stores, no more
-lending a book to your friend, no more borrowing one from the public
-library, no purchasing a book except with a credit card that
-identifies what you read.  Even reading an e-book without
-authorization is a crime.
-</p>
-</blockquote>
-
-<p>
-Once upon a time, in the age of the printing press, an industrial
-regulation was established for the business of writing and
-publishing. It was called copyright. Copyright's purpose was to
-encourage the publication of a diversity of written
-works. Copyright's method was to make publishers get permission
-from authors to reprint recent writings.</p>
-
-<p>
-Ordinary readers had little reason to disapprove, since copyright
-restricted only publication, not the things a reader could do. If it
-raised the price of a book a small amount, that was only
-money. Copyright provided a public benefit, as intended, with little
-burden on the public. It did its job well&mdash;back then.</p>
-
-<p>
-Then a new way of distributing information came about: computers and
-networks. The advantage of digital information technology is that it
-facilitates copying and manipulating information, including software,
-musical recordings and books. Networks offered the possibility of
-unlimited access to all sorts of data&mdash;an information utopia.</p>
-
-<p>
-But one obstacle stood in the way: copyright. Readers who made use of
-their computers to share published information were technically
-copyright infringers. The world had changed, and what was once an
-industrial regulation on publishers had become a restriction on the
-public it was meant to serve.</p>
-
-<p>
-In a democracy, a law that prohibits a popular, natural and useful
-activity is usually soon relaxed. But the powerful publishers'
-lobby was determined to prevent the public from taking advantage of
-the power of their computers, and found copyright a suitable
-weapon. Under their influence, rather than relaxing copyright to suit
-the new circumstances, governments made it stricter than ever,
-imposing harsh penalties on readers caught sharing.</p>
-
-<p>
-But that wasn't the last of it. Computers can be powerful tools of
-domination when a few people control what other people's computers
-do. The publishers realized that by forcing people to use specially
-designated software to watch videos and read e-books, they can gain
-unprecedented power: they can compel readers to pay, and identify
-themselves, every time they read a book!</p>
-
-<p>
-That is the publishers' dream, and they prevailed upon the
-U.S. government to enact the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of
-1998. This law gives them total legal power over almost anything a
-reader might do with an e-book, as long as they publish the book in
-encrypted form. Even reading the book without authorization is a
-crime.</p>
-
-<p>
-We still have the same old freedoms in using paper books. But if
-e-books replace printed books, that exception will do little
-good. With &ldquo;electronic ink&rdquo;, which makes it possible to
-download new text onto an apparently printed piece of paper, even
-newspapers could become ephemeral. Imagine: no more used book stores;
-no more lending a book to your friend; no more borrowing one from the
-public library&mdash;no more &ldquo;leaks&rdquo; that might give someone a
-chance to read without paying. (And judging from the ads for Microsoft
-Reader, no more anonymous purchasing of books either.) This is the
-world publishers have in mind for us.</p>
-
-<p>
-Why is there so little public debate about these momentous changes?
-Most citizens have not yet had occasion to come to grips with the
-political issues raised by this futuristic technology. Besides, the
-public has been taught that copyright exists to &ldquo;protect&rdquo;
-the copyright holders, with the implication that the public's
-interests do not count. (The biased term “<a href="not-ipr.html">
-intellectual property</a>” also promotes that view; in addition,
-it encourages the mistake of trying to treat several laws that are
-almost totally different&mdash;such as copyright law and patent
-law&mdash;as if they were a single issue.)</p>
-
-<p>
-But when the public at large begins to use e-books, and discovers the
-regime that the publishers have prepared for them, they will begin to
-resist. Humanity will not accept this yoke forever.</p>
-
-<p>
-The publishers would have us believe that suppressive copyright is the
-only way to keep art alive, but we do not need a War on Copying to
-encourage a diversity of published works; as the Grateful Dead showed,
-private copying among fans is not necessarily a problem for
-artists. (In 2007, Radiohead made millions by inviting fans to copy an
-album and pay whatever amount they wish; a few years before, Stephen King
-got hundreds of thousands for an e-book which people could copy.) By
-legalizing the copying of e-books among friends, we can turn copyright
-back into the industrial regulation it once was.</p>
-
-<p>
-For some kinds of writing, we should go even further. For scholarly
-papers and monographs, everyone should be encouraged to republish them
-verbatim online; this helps protect the scholarly record while making
-it more accessible. For textbooks and most reference works,
-publication of modified versions should be allowed as well, since that
-encourages improvement.</p>
-
-<p>
-Eventually, when computer networks provide an easy way to send someone
-a small amount of money, the whole rationale for restricting verbatim
-copying will go away. If you like a book, and a box pops up on your
-computer saying &ldquo;Click here to give the author one
-dollar&rdquo;, wouldn't you click? Copyright for books and music, as
-it applies to distributing verbatim unmodified copies, will be
-entirely obsolete. And not a moment too soon!</p>
+Copyright was established in the age of the printing press as an
+industrial regulation on the business of writing and publishing.  Its
+purpose was to encourage the publication of a diversity of written
+works.  Its means was to require the author's permission to publish
+recent writings.  Ordinary readers received the benefit of increased
+writing, with little reason to complain: copyright restricted only
+publication, not the things a reader could do.</p>
+
+<p>
+Well and good&mdash;back then.</p>
+
+<p>
+Recently we developed a new way of distributing information: computers
+and networks.  They facilitated copying and manipulating information,
+including software, musical recordings, books, and movies, and offered
+the possibility of unlimited access to all sorts of data &mdash; an
+information utopia.</p>
+
+<p>
+One obstacle stood in the way: copyright.  Readers and listeners who
+made use of their new ability to copy and share published information
+were technically copyright infringers.  The same law which had
+formerly acted as a beneficial industrial regulation on publishers had
+become a restriction on the public it was meant to serve.</p>
+
+<p>
+In a democracy, a law that prohibits a popular and useful activity is
+usually soon relaxed. Not so where corporations have political
+power.  The publishers' lobby was determined to prevent the public from
+taking advantage of the power of their computers, and found copyright
+a suitable tool. Under their influence, rather than relaxing copyright
+rules to suit the new circumstances, governments made it stricter than
+ever, forbidding the act of sharing.</p>
+
+<p>
+But that wasn't the worst of it.  Computers can be powerful tools of
+domination when developers control the software that people run.  The
+publishers realized that by publishing works in encrypted format,
+which only specially authorized software could view, they could gain
+unprecedented power: they could compel readers to pay, and identify
+themselves, every time they read a book, listen to a song, or watch a
+video.</p>
+
+<p>
+The publishers gained US government support for their dream with the
+Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998.  This law gave publishers
+power to write their own copyright rules, by implementing them in the
+code of the authorized player software.  (This practice is called
+Digital Restrictions Management, or DRM.)  Even reading or listening
+without authorization is forbidden.</p>
+
+<p>
+We still have the same old freedoms in using paper books and other
+analog media.  But if e-books replace printed books, those freedoms
+will not transfer.  Imagine: no more used book stores; no more lending
+a book to your friend; no more borrowing one from the public library
+&mdash; no more &ldquo;leaks&rdquo; that might give someone a chance
+to read without paying.  No more purchasing a book anonymously with
+cash &mdash; you can only buy an e-book with a credit card.  That is
+the world the publishers want for us.  If you buy the Amazon Kindle
+(we call it the Swindle) or the Sony Reader (we call it the Shreader
+for what it threatens to do to books), you pay to establish that
+world.</p>
+
+<p>
+Public anger against DRM is slowly growing, held back because
+propaganda terms such
+as <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">&ldquo;protect
+authors&rdquo;</a>
+and <a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">&ldquo;intellectual
+property&rdquo;</a> have convinced readers that their rights do not
+count.  These terms implicitly assume that publishers deserve special
+power in the name of the authors, that we are morally obliged to bow
+to them, and that we have wronged someone if we read or listen to
+anything without paying.</p>
+
+<p>
+The publishers tell us that a cruel War on Copying is the only way to
+keep art alive.  Even if true, it would not justify such cruelty; but
+it isn't true.  Public sharing of copies tends to increase the sales
+of most works, and decrease sales only for the most successful ten
+percent.</p>
+
+<p>
+But bestsellers can still do well.  Stephen King got hundreds of
+thousands of dollars selling an unencrypted e-book with no obstacle to
+copying and sharing.  The singer Issa, a.k.a. Jane Siberry, asks
+people to <a href="http://www.sheeba.ca/store/letterSDP.php";> choose
+their own prices</a> when they download songs, and averages more per
+download than the usual $0.99.  Radiohead made millions by inviting
+fans to copy an album and pay what they wished, while it was also
+shared through P2P.</p>
+
+<p>
+Works that are used to do a practical job should be <em>free</em>,
+permitting even publication of modified versions, but that's a
+different issue.</p>
+
+<p>
+When computer networks provide an easy anonymous method for sending
+someone a small amount of money, without a credit card, it will be
+easy to set up a much better system to support the arts.  When you
+view a work, there will be a button you can press saying &ldquo;Click
+here to send the artist one dollar&rdquo;.  Wouldn't you press it, at
+least once a week?</p>
+
+<p>
+To make copyright fit the network age, we should legalize the
+noncommercial copying and sharing of all published works, and prohibit
+DRM.  But until we win this battle, you must protect yourself: don't
+buy any products with DRM unless you personally have the means to
+break the DRM and make copies.</p>
 
 </div>
 
@@ -139,10 +129,10 @@
 <p>
 Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to 
 <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.  There are
-also <a href="http://www.fsf.org/about/contact.html";>other ways to
+also <a href="/contact/">other ways to
 contact</a> the FSF.
 <br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to
+Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
 <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
 </p>
 
@@ -154,7 +144,7 @@
 </p>
 
 <p>
-Copyright &copy; 1999, 2008 Richard M. Stallman
+Copyright &copy; 2008 Richard M. Stallman
 <br />
 Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
 permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is 
@@ -164,7 +154,7 @@
 <p>
 Updated:
 <!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2008/02/02 23:05:38 $
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:21:02 $
 <!-- timestamp end -->
 </p>
 </div>
@@ -186,30 +176,9 @@
   <!--     http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
 
 <ul class="translations-list">
-<!-- German -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</li>
 <!-- English -->
 <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</li>
-<!-- Spanish -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.es.html">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>&nbsp;[es]</li>
-<!-- French -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>&nbsp;[fr]</li>
-<!-- Croatian -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.hr.html">Hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</li>
-<!-- Italian -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html">Italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
-<!-- Japanese -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
-<!-- Korean -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>&nbsp;[ko]</li>
-<!-- Dutch -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.nl.html">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</li>
-<!-- Polish -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.pl.html">Polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</li>
-<!-- Russian -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html">&#x0420;&#x0443;&#x0441;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;&#x0439;</a>&nbsp;[ru]</li>
 </ul>
-
 </div>
 </div>
 </body>

Index: philosophy.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/philosophy.html,v
retrieving revision 1.261
retrieving revision 1.262
diff -u -b -r1.261 -r1.262
--- philosophy.html     10 Dec 2007 16:52:45 -0000      1.261
+++ philosophy.html     4 Feb 2008 06:21:04 -0000       1.262
@@ -282,6 +282,9 @@
   <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Freedom-Or
        Copyright?</a> by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard 
Stallman</a></li>
 
+  <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">Freedom-Or
+  Copryght?</a>, an older version of the essay.
+
   <li><a href="http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf";
        id="SequentialIPandI">Sequential
        Innovation, Patents, and Imitation</a> is a paper that presents a
@@ -929,10 +932,10 @@
 <p>
 Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to
 <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-There are also <a href="http://www.fsf.org/about/contact.html";>other ways to 
contact</a>
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
 the FSF.
 <br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to
+Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
 <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
 </p>
 
@@ -945,7 +948,7 @@
 
 <p>
 Copyright &copy; 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004,
-2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,</p>
+2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,</p>
 <address>51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA</address>
 <p>Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
 permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
@@ -954,7 +957,7 @@
 <p>
 Updated:
 <!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2007/12/10 16:52:45 $
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:21:04 $
 <!-- timestamp end -->
 </p>
 </div>

Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html    4 Feb 2008 06:20:58 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE>Freiheit oder Copyright? - GNU Projekt - Free Software Foundation 
+(FSF)</TITLE>
+<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
+
+<H3>Freiheit &#150; oder Copyright?</H3>
+
+<P>
+von <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";><STRONG>Richard Stallman </STRONG></A>
+
+<P>
+
+<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
+   ALT=" [Bild eines philosophischen Gnus] "
+   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical!!!  -->
+[ 
+ <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html">Deutsch</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">Englisch</A>
+| <A HREf="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html">Russisch</A>
+] 
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<P>
+
+Es war einmal, im Zeitalter der Druckpresse, dass eine wirtschaftliche
+Regulierung für das Geschäft des Schreibens und Veröffentlichens erlassen
+wurde. Sie wurde Copyright genannt. Zweck des Copyrights war es, die
+Veröffentlichung einer Vielzahl verschiedener Werke anzuregen. Dies
+erreichte das Copyright, indem es die Verleger verpflichtete, die
+Erlaubnis der Autoren einzuholen, wenn sie ein neueres Werk nachdrucken
+wollten.
+
+<P>
+
+Gewöhnliche Leser hatten kaum Grund zum Unwillen, da das Copyright nur die
+Veröffentlichung einschränkte, nicht aber die Möglichkeiten der Leser.
+Vielleicht erhöhte es den Preis eines Buches geringfügig, aber das war nur
+Geld. Das Copyright brachte allgemeinen Nutzen, wie beabsichtigt, ohne die
+Öffentlichkeit groß zu belasten. Es erfüllte seinen Zweck gut &#150;
+damals.
+
+<P>
+
+Dann entstand eine neue Art, Informationen zu verbreiten: Computer und
+Netzwerke. Der Vorteil der digitalen Informationstechnologie ist es, dass
+sie das Kopieren und Verändern von Informationen erleichtert &#150;
+einschließlich Software, musikalische Aufnahmen und Bücher. Netzwerke
+boten die Möglichkeit des unbegrenzten Zugriffs auf alle Arten von Daten
+&#150; eine Informations-Utopie.
+
+<P>
+
+Aber ein Hindernis stand im Weg: das Copyright. Leser, die ihre Computer
+gebrauchten, um veröffentlichte Informationen miteinander zu teilen,
+verstießen strenggenommen gegen das Copyright. Die Welt hatte sich
+verändert und was einst eine wirtschaftliche Regulierung der Verleger
+gewesen war, war zu einer Einschränkung der Öffentlichkeit geworden, der
+es doch nutzen sollte.
+
+<P> 
+
+In einer Demokratie wird ein Gesetz, das eine beliebte, natürliche und
+nützliche Aktivität verbietet, in aller Regel schnell gelockert. Aber die
+mächtige Verlegerlobby war entschlossen zu verhindern, dass die
+Öffentlichkeit die Vorteile der Computertechnik ausnutzte, und fand im
+Copyright eine geeignete Waffe. Unter ihrem Einfluss verschärften die
+Regierungen das Copyright noch, statt es zur Anpassung an die veränderte
+Situation zu lockern. Lesern, die beim Teilen erwischt wurden, drohten
+hohe Strafen.
+
+<P>
+
+Aber das war noch nicht alles. Computer können mächtige Mittel der
+Beherrschung sein, wenn einige wenige Leute kontrollieren, was die
+Computer der anderen tun. Den Verlegern wurde klar, dass sie eine nie
+da gewesene Machtposition erlangen können, indem sie die Menschen zwingen,
+besondere Software zum Lesen der E-Bücher zu benutzen: sie können die Leser
+zwingen, jedesmal zu bezahlen &#150; und sich zu identifizieren &#150;,
+wenn sie ein Buch lesen!
+
+<P>
+
+Das ist es, wovon Verleger träumen, und so bewegten sie die US-Regierung
+1998 dazu, den Digital Millennium Copyright Act zu erlassen. Dieses Gesetz
+gibt ihnen absolute juristische Macht über praktisch alles, was eine
+Leserin mit ihrem E-Buch machen kann. Sogar es ohne Erlaubnis zu lesen ist
+ein Verbrechen!
+<P>
+
+Wir haben noch die alten Freiheiten, wenn wir Bücher aus Papier verwenden.
+Aber falls E-Bücher die gedruckten ersetzen, wird diese Ausnahme nicht
+mehr viel bringen. Mit »elektronischer Tinte«, die es ermöglicht, einen
+neuen Text auf scheinbar bedrucktes Stück Papier downzuloaden, könnten
+sogar Zeitungen flüchtig werden. Stellen Sie sich vor: es gäbe keine
+Antiquariate mehr, kein Buch könnte mehr an eine Freundin verliehen oder
+aus einer Bibliothek ausgeliehen werden &#150; keine »Lecks« mehr, die es
+jemand ermöglichen könnten, zu lesen ohne zu bezahlen. (Und, der Werbung
+für den Microsoft Reader zufolge, auch keine Möglichkeit zum anonymen
+Bücherkauf mehr.) Das ist es, was die Verleger der Welt mit uns vorhaben.
+
+<P>
+
+Warum gibt es so wenig öffentliche Diskussion über diese enormen
+Veränderungen? Die meisten Bürger haben noch nicht die Gelegenheit gehabt,
+die politischen Aspekte dieser futuristischen Technologie zu begreifen.
+Außerdem wurde der Öffentlichkeit eingebläut, dass das Copyright die
+Interessen der Copyrighthalter »schützt« &#150; mit der Implikation, dass
+die Interessen der Öffentlichkeit nicht zählen.
+
+<P>
+
+Aber wenn die breite Öffentlichkeit anfängt, E-Bücher zu benutzen, und das
+System entdeckt, das die Verleger für sie vorbereitet haben, wird sie
+anfangen Widerstand zu leisten. Die Menschheit wird dieses Joch nicht für
+immer tragen.
+
+<P>
+
+Die Verleger wollen uns einreden, dass ein unterdrückendes Copyright die
+einzige Möglichkeit ist, die Kunst lebendig zu halten &#150; aber wir
+brauchen keinen »Krieg den Kopien« um die Vielfalt veröffentlichter Werke
+zu sichern. Wie die Grateful Dead gezeigt haben, ist das private Kopieren
+unter Fans nicht unbedingt ein Problem für die Künstler. Indem wir das
+Kopieren von E-Büchern unter Freunden erlauben, können wir das Copyright
+wieder zurückverwandeln in die industrielle Regulierung, die es einst war.
+
+<P>
+
+Bei bestimmten Arten von Texten sollten wir sogar noch weiter gehen. Bei
+wissenschaftlichen Artikeln und Büchern sollten alle ermutigt werden, sie
+online unverändert wiederzugeben; dies unterstützt die wissenschaftliche
+Nachvollziehbarkeit und erhöht zugleich die Zugänglichkeit. Bei
+Lehrbüchern und den meisten Nachschlagewerken sollte auch die
+Veröffentlichung veränderter Versionen zugelassen werden, da dies zur
+Verbesserungen anregt.
+
+<P>
+
+Letztlich wird der ganze Grund zum Beschränken unveränderter Kopien
+entfallen, sobald Computernetze eine einfache Möglichkeit liefern,
+jemandem etwas Geld zu schicken. Wenn Ihnen ein Buch gefällt und auf ihrem
+Computer öffnet sich ein Fenster: »Klicken Sie hier, um der Autorin einen
+Dollar zu zahlen« &#150; würden Sie nicht klicken? Damit wird das
+Copyright für Bücher und Musik, soweit es das Verteilen unveränderter
+Exemplare betrifft, völlig überholt sein. Und keinen Moment zu früh!
+
+<P>
+
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman. Die unveränderte Wiedergabe und
+Verteilung dieses gesamten Artikels in beliebiger Form ist gestattet, sofern
+dieser Hinweis beibehalten wird.
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.html#Laws">Andere Texte zum Lesen</A></H4>
+
+<HR>
+
+Zurück zur <a href="/home.de.html">Homepage von GNU</A>.
+<P>
+Richten Sie Anfragen bezüglich FSF und GNU an <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.  Andere <a
+href="/home.de.html#ContactInfo">Möglichkeiten, mit der FSF in Verbindung
+zu treten</A>.
+<P>
+Schicken Sie Kommentare zu diesen Webseiten an <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>,
+andere Fragen an <a
+href="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.
+<P>
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman 
+<P>
+Die unveränderte Wiedergabe und Verteilung dieses gesamten Artikels in
+beliebiger Form ist gestattet, sofern dieser Hinweis beibehalten wird.
+<P>
+Aktualisiert:  
+<!-- hhmts start -->
+16 Mar 2001 Christian Siefkes
+<!-- hhmts end -->
+<HR>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>

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===================================================================
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diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html    4 Feb 2008 06:20:58 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+<TITLE>Libertad - ¿O Copyright? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation 
(FSF)</TITLE>
+<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
+
+<H3>Libertad - ¿O Copyright?</H3>
+
+<P>
+by <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";><STRONG>Richard Stallman</STRONG></A>
+
+<P>
+
+<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
+   ALT=" [imagen de un Gnu filosófico] "
+   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical!!!  -->
+[
+  <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html">Alemán</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html">Coreano</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html">Español</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html">Francés</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">Inglés</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html">Italiano</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html">Japonés</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html">Polaco</A>
+| <A HREf="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html">Ruso</A>
+]
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<P>
+
+Había una vez, en la época de la imprenta, una regulación industrial 
establecida para el negocio de escribir y editar. Se llamaba copyright. 
+El propósito del <i>copyright</i> era fomentar la publicación de una 
diversidad de obras escritas.
+El método del <i>copyright</i> era obligar a los editores a pedir permiso a 
los autores para volver a editar escritos recientes.
+
+<P>
+
+Los lectores corrientes tenían pocos motivos para rechazarlo, puesto que el 
<i>copyright</i> sólo restringía la publicación,
+no las cosas que un lector podía hacer. Si subía el precio del libro en una 
pequeña cantidad, sólo era el dinero. El <i>copyright</i> 
+ofrecía un beneficio público, como había sido pensado, con apenas carga para 
el público. Cumplía bien su cometido, por aquel entonces.
+
+<P>
+
+Entonces surgió una nueva forma de distribuir información: ordenadores y 
redes. La ventaja de la tecnología de información digital 
+es que facilita la copia y manipulación de información, incluyendo software, 
grabaciones musicales y libros. Las redes ofrecían la 
+posibilidad de acceso ilimitado a toda clase de datos: una utopía de la 
información.
+
+<P>
+
+Pero había un obstáculo en el camino: el <i>copyright</i>. Los lectores que 
hacían uso de sus ordenadores para compartir información publicada, 
+eran técnicamente infractores del <i>copyright</i>. El mundo había cambiado y 
lo que había sido una vez regulación industrial se había convertido 
+en una restrición al público que debería de servir.
+
+<P>
+
+En una democracia, una ley que prohibe una actividad popular, natural y útil, 
habitualmente se relaja pronto. Pero grupos de presión de 
+poderosos editores estaban determinados a impedir al público aprovechar la 
ventaja de sus ordenadores y encontraron en el <i>copyright</i> 
+un arma apropiada. Bajo su influencia, en vez de relajar el <i>copyright</i> 
para adecuarlo a las nuevas circunstancias, los gobiernos 
+lo hicieron mucho más estricto, aplicando penas severas a lectores 
sorprendidos compartiendo.
+
+<P>
+
+Pero esto no sería lo último. Los ordenadores pueden ser potentes herramientas 
de dominio cuando unos pocos controlan qué hacen 
+los ordenadores de otras personas. Los editores advirtieron que obligando a la 
gente a usar software especialmente diseñado para 
+usar libros electrónicos, podrían lograr un poder sin precedentes: obligarían 
a los lectores a pagar y a identificarse cada vez que leyesen un libro.
+
+<P>
+
+Este era el sueño de los editores y lograron convencer al gobierno 
estadounidense para promulgar la <i>Digital Millenium Copyright Act</i> de 
1998. 
+Esta ley otorga a los editores el poder legal total para casi todo lo que un 
lector puede hacer con un libro electrónico. 
+¡Incluso la lectura no autorizada es delito!
+
+<P>
+
+Todavía tenemos las mismas libertades de antes usando libros en papel. Pero si 
los libros electrónicos sustituyen a los impresos, 
+esa excepción servirá de muy poco. Con la "tinta electrónica", que hace 
posible descargar un nuevo texto en un trozo de papel aparentemente 
+impreso, incluso los periódicos podrían volverse fugaces. Imagínese: no más 
liberías de libros usados, no más préstamos de libros a 
+amigos, no más préstamos de libros en la biblioteca pública - no más "fugas" 
que podrían dar la oportunidad de leer sin pagar. 
+(Y a juzgar por los anuncios de Microsoft Reader, no más compras anónimas de 
libros tampoco.) Éste es el mundo que los editores 
+han pensado para nosotros.
+
+<P>
+
+¿Por qué hay tan poco debate público sobre estos cambios capitales? La mayoría 
de los ciudadanos no han tenido todavía ocasión de asumir 
+las consecuencias políticas que surgen de esta tecnología futurista. Además, 
al público se le ha enseñado que el <i>copyright</i> existe para 
+"proteger" a los titulares del <i>copyright</i>, con la consecuencia añadida 
de que los intereses del público no cuentan.
+
+<P>
+
+Pero cuando el público en general empiece a usar libros electrónicos y 
descubra el régimen que los ediores les han preparado, 
+empezarán a oponerse. La humandidad no aceptará este yugo por siempre.
+
+<P>
+
+Los editores nos han hecho creer que un <i>copyright</i> represivo es la única 
forma de mantener viva la creación artística, 
+pero no necesitamos una guerra por la copia para fomentar la diversidad de 
obras publicadas;
+como ha mostrado <i>Grateful Dead</i> la copia privada entre admiradores no es 
necesariamente un problema para los artistas. 
+Legalizando la copia de libros electrónicos entre amigos, podemos volver a 
convertir el <i>copyright</i> en la regulación industrial que una vez fue.
+
+<P>
+
+Para cierta clase de escritos, debemos ir incluso más allá. Para artículos 
académicos y monografías, su publicación íntegra en la red debería 
+ser alentada en todos los casos; esto ayuda a proteger los escritos académicos 
hacíendolos más accesibles. En el caso de libros de texto y de 
+la mayoría de obras de referencia, la publicación de versiones modificadas 
debería incluso permitirse, puesto que fomentan su mejora.
+
+<P>
+
+Con el tiempo, cuando las redes de ordenadores ofrezcan una forma sencilla de 
mandar un poco de dinero a alguien, toda la base para 
+restringir la copia literal desaparecerá. Si le gusta un libro y aparece una 
ventanita de su ordenador que dice: "pinche aquí para dar 
+un dólar al autor", ¿no lo haría? El <i>copyright</i> para libros y música, 
aplicado a la distribución de copias literales no modificadas, 
+se volverá totalmente obsoleto. ¡Y ni un segundo antes! 
+
+<P>
+
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman.
+Se permite la copia y redistribución literal de este artículo en su totalidad 
en cualquier medio, si se mantiene esta nota.
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.html#Laws">Otros textos que leer</A></H4>
+
+<HR>
+
+Return to <A HREF="/home.html">GNU's home page</A>.
+<P>
+FSF &amp; GNU inquiries &amp; questions to
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.
+Other <A HREF="/home.html#ContactInfo">ways to contact</A> the FSF.
+<P>
+Comments on these web pages to
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>,
+send other questions to
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.
+<P>
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
+<P>
+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.<P>
+<br>
+<br>
+Traducción de Pablo Rodríguez. 
+Revisión y coordinación de traducciones: Luis M. Arteaga &lt;<a 
href="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</a>&gt;
+<br><br>
+Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:20:58 $ $Author: yavor $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+<HR>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>

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diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html
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+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
+
+<title>La Libert&eacute; ou le Copyright&nbsp;?</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+
+<h3>La Libert&eacute; ou le Copyright?</h3>
+
+<!-- This document uses XHTML 1.0 Strict, but may be served as -->
+<!-- text/html.  Please ensure that markup style considers -->
+<!-- appendex C of the XHTML 1.0 standard. See validator.w3.org. -->
+
+<!-- Please ensure links are consistent with Apache's MultiView. -->
+<!-- Change include statements to be consistent with the relevant -->
+<!-- language, where necessary. -->
+
+<p>par <strong><a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard 
Stallman</a></strong></p>
+
+<blockquote><p>
+Le meilleur des mondes avec les livres &eacute;lectroniques&nbsp;: plus de 
magasins de livres
+d'occasion, plus de pr&ecirc;t de livres &agrave; un ami, plus d'emprunt de 
livres dans une
+biblioth&egrave;que publique, plus d'achat de livre sans carte de 
cr&eacute;dit qui identifie
+ce que vous lisez. M&ecirc;me lire un livre &eacute;lectronique sans 
autorisation
+est un d&eacute;lit.
+</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>Il &eacute;tait une fois, au temps de la presse papier, la 
+mise en place d'une r&eacute;gulation industrielle sur le march&eacute;
+de l'&eacute;criture et de l'imprimerie. On l'a appel&eacute;e le
+copyright. Le but du copyright &eacute;tait d'encourager la
+publication de la diversit&eacute; des travaux &eacute;crits.  Sa
+m&eacute;thode consistait &agrave; ce que les auteurs donnent leur
+permission aux &eacute;diteurs de r&eacute;-imprimer leurs travaux
+r&eacute;cents.</p>
+<p>
+Le lecteur moyen avait peu de raisons de ne pas &ecirc;tre d'accord,
+&agrave; partir du moment o&ugrave; le copyright se limitait &agrave; la
+publication, pas &agrave; ce que le lecteur pouvait faire.  M&ecirc;me si
+le prix s'en trouvait l&eacute;g&egrave;rement augment&eacute;, il ne 
s'agissait
+que d'argent. Le copyright &eacute;tait b&eacute;n&eacute;fique pour le public,
+comme pr&eacute;vu, et n'a &eacute;t&eacute; que de peu de charge pour le 
public.
+Il remplissait bien son r&ocirc;le alors.</p>
+<p>
+Puis une nouvelle fa&ccedil;on de distribuer de l'information est
+apparue&nbsp;: les ordinateurs et les r&eacute;seaux.  L'avantage de la
+technologie de l'information num&eacute;rique est qu'elle facilite la
+copie et la manipulation de l'information, qu'il s'agisse de
+logiciels, de musique ou de livres. Les r&eacute;seaux offrent une
+possibilit&eacute; d'acc&egrave;s illimit&eacute;e &agrave; toutes
+sortes d'informations&mdash; une utopie de l'information.</p>
+<p>
+Mais un obstacle se tenait sur le chemin&nbsp;: le copyright. Les
+lecteurs qui utilisaient leurs ordinateurs pour partager
+l'information publi&eacute;e &eacute;taient techniquement des
+contrevenants au copyright. Le monde a chang&eacute; et ce qui avait
+&eacute;t&eacute; jadis une r&eacute;gulation industrielle est devenu
+une restriction pour le public, qu'elle &eacute;tait sens&eacute;e
+servir.</p>
+<p>Dans une d&eacute;mocratie, une loi qui interdit une activit&eacute;
+populaire, naturelle et utile est normalement bien vite assouplie.
+Mais le puissant lobby des &eacute;diteurs &eacute;tait d&eacute;termin&eacute;
+&agrave; emp&ecirc;cher le public de tirer avantage de leurs
+ordinateurs et a trouv&eacute; dans le copyright l'arme qu'il
+fallait. Sous son influence, plut&ocirc;t que d'assouplir le
+copyright en fonction des nouvelles circonstances, les gouvernements
+l'ont rendu plus strict que jamais, imposant de rudes p&eacute;nalit&eacute;s
+aux lecteurs pris en train de partager.</p>
+<p>Mais ce n'&eacute;tait pas tout. Les ordinateurs peuvent devenir
+de puissants outils de domination quand seules quelques personnes
+contr&ocirc;lent ce que font les ordinateurs des autres.
+Les &eacute;diteurs ont bien vite compris qu'en for&ccedil;ant
+les gens &agrave; utiliser des logiciels sp&eacute;cifiques pour regarder
+des vid&eacute;os et lire des livres &eacute;lectroniques, ils pouvaient 
gagner un pouvoir sans
+pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent&nbsp;: astreindre les gens &agrave; payer et &agrave;
+s'identifier eux-m&ecirc;mes &agrave; chaque fois qu'ils liraient un
+livre!</p>
+<p>Le r&ecirc;ve pour les &eacute;diteurs, qui ont pouss&eacute; le
+gouvernement am&eacute;ricain &agrave; voter le Digital Millennium
+Copyright Act (DMCA) en 1998. Cette loi donne aux &eacute;diteurs un
+pouvoir l&eacute;gal absolu sur tout ce que pourrait faire un lecteur
+avec un livre &eacute;lectronique, tant qu'ils publient le livre sous forme 
chiffr&eacute;e.
+M&ecirc;me le lire sans autorisation est un d&eacute;lit&nbsp;!</p>
+<p>Nous avons toujours les m&ecirc;mes vieilles libert&eacute;s avec les
+livres imprim&eacute;s. Mais si les livres &eacute;lectroniques
+remplacent un jour les livres imprim&eacute;s, cette exception sera
+pratiquement inutile. Avec
+&laquo;l'encre &eacute;lectronique&raquo;, qui permet de 
t&eacute;l&eacute;charger
+un nouveau texte sur ce qui pourrait passer pour du papier imprim&eacute;,
+m&ecirc;mes les journaux deviendraient &eacute;ph&eacute;m&egrave;res.
+Imaginez&nbsp;: plus de bouquinistes, plus de pr&ecirc;ts de livres &agrave;
+un ami, plus de pr&ecirc;ts &agrave; la biblioth&eacute;que publique&mdash; 
plus
+aucune chance de lire
+sans payer (et si on s'en r&eacute;f&egrave;re aux publicit&eacute;s pour
+Microsoft Reader, plus d'acquisitions anonymes de livres non plus).
+C'est l&agrave; le monde que les &eacute;diteurs ont en t&ecirc;te
+pour nous.</p>
+<p>Pourquoi y a-t-il aussi peu de d&eacute;bats publics autour de ces
+changements d'importance&nbsp;? La plupart des citoyens n'ont pas encore eu
+l'occasion de prendre pied dans les int&eacute;r&ecirc;ts politiques
+n&eacute;s de cette technologie futuriste. De plus, le public a 
&eacute;t&eacute;
+berc&eacute; par l'enseignement de ce que le copyright
+&laquo;prot&egrave;ge&raquo; 
+les d&eacute;tenteurs du copyright, avec comme implication que
+les int&eacute;r&ecirc;ts publics ne comptent pas.
+(Le terme trompeur &laquo;&nbsp;<a href="not-ipr.fr.html">
+propri&eacute;t&eacute; intellectuelle</a>&nbsp;&raquo; alimente aussi cette 
vision&nbsp;; de plus,
+il encourage l'erreur d'essayer de traiter plusieurs lois qui sont presque 
totalement
+diff&eacute;rentes&mdash;comme la loi sur le copyright et la loi sur les
+brevets&mdash;comme un seul et m&ecirc;me probl&egrave;me).
+</p>
+<p>Mais quand le public dans sa majorit&eacute; commencera &agrave; utiliser 
les livres
+&eacute;lectroniques et qu'il d&eacute;couvrira le r&eacute;gime que
+les &eacute;diteurs ont concoct&eacute; pour lui, il 
+commencera &agrave; entrer dans la r&eacute;sistance. L'Humanit&eacute;
+n'acceptera pas ce joug <em>ad vitam aeternam</em>.</p>
+<p>Les &eacute;diteurs aimeraient que l'on croit qu'un copyright
+r&eacute;pressif est la seule fa&ccedil;on de garder l'art en vie,
+mais nous n'avons pas besoin d'une Guerre du Copyright pour
+encourager la diversit&eacute; des travaux publi&eacute;s&nbsp;: comme l'a
+montr&eacute; Grateful Dead, la copie priv&eacute;e au sein des
+fans n'est pas forc&eacute;ment un probl&egrave;me pour les artistes.
+(En 2007, Radiohead a gagn&eacute; des millions en invitant ses fans &agrave; 
copier un
+album et &agrave; payer le montant qu'ils voulaient&nbsp;; quelques 
ann&eacute;es auparavant, Stephen King
+a gagn&eacute; des centaines de milliers de dollars pour un livre 
&eacute;lectronique que les gens
+pouvaient copier). En l&eacute;galisant la copie de livres 
&eacute;lectroniques entre
+amis, nous pouvons transformer le copyright en ce qu'il
+fut, une r&eacute;gulation industrielle.</p>
+</p>
+<p>Pour certains types d'&eacute;crits, nous devrions m&ecirc;me
+aller plus loin. Pour les livres scolaires et les monographies, tout
+le monde devrait &ecirc;tre encourag&eacute; &agrave; les reproduire
+en ligne mot pour mot; cela aide &agrave; prot&eacute;ger la
+litt&eacute;rature scolaire tout en la rendant plus accessible. Pour ce qui
+est des manuels et de la plupart des travaux de r&eacute;f&eacute;rence,
+la publication de versions modifi&eacute;es devrait elle aussi &ecirc;tre
+permise, dans la mesure o&ugrave; cela encourage les am&eacute;liorations.</p>
+<p>Finalement, quand les r&eacute;seaux informatiques
+permettront de faire transiter de petites sommes d'argent,
+l'argumentation enti&egrave;re de la restriction de la copie
+textuelle s'&eacute;vaporera. Si vous aimez 
+un livre et qu'un menu contextuel vous invite &agrave; &laquo;cliquer
+ici pour envoyer un dollar &agrave; l'auteur&raquo;, ne
+cliqueriez-vous pas? Le copyright sur les livres et la musique, comme il
+s'applique aujourd'hui &agrave; la distribution de copies textuelles
+non modifi&eacute;es, deviendra compl&egrave;tement obsol&egrave;te.
+Et plus vite qu'on ne le croit!</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general, -->
+<!-- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about    -->
+<!-- verbatim copying.  Please do NOT remove this without talking     -->
+<!-- with the webmasters first. --> 
+<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
+<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
+<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
+
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>Pour les questions et requ&ecirc;tes relatives &agrave; la FSF &amp;
+GNU&nbsp;: <a href="mailto:gnu&#64;gnu.org";><em>gnu&#64;gnu.org</em></a>.
+Autres <a href="/home.fr.html#ContactInfo">moyens pour contacter</a> la FSF.
+
+Merci d'envoyer des commentaires sur cette page web &agrave; <a 
href="mailto:webmasters&#64;gnu.org";><em>webmasters&#64;gnu.org</em></a>,
+envoyer une autre question &agrave; <a 
href="mailto:gnu&#64;gnu.org";><em>gnu&#64;gnu.org</em></a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>Copyright &copy; 1999, 2008 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+
+<p>Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
+</p>
+
+<p>La reproduction exacte et la distribution int&eacute;grale de cet
+article est permise sur n'importe quel support d'archivage, pourvu que
+cette notice soit pr&eacute;serv&eacute;e.</p>
+<p>
+Derni&egrave;re mise-&agrave;-jour&nbsp;:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:20:58 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+<p>
+Traduction&nbsp;: Pierre-Yves Enderlin.<br />
+R&eacute;vision&nbsp;: <a 
href="mailto:trad-gnu&#64;april.org";>trad-gnu&#64;april.org</a>
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div id="translations">
+<h3>Traductions de cette page</h3>
+
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
+<!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
+<!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
+<!-- English is.  If you add a new language here, please -->
+<!-- advise web-translators&#64;gnu.org and add it to -->
+<!--    - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
+<!--    - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
+<!--      one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
+<!--    - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
+<!--      to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
+
+<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
+<!--     http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
+
+<ul class="translations-list">
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html" 
title="German">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html" 
title="English">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html" 
title="Spanish">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>&nbsp;[es]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html" 
title="French">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>&nbsp;[fr]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html" 
title="Croatian">Hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html" 
title="Italian">Italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html" 
title="Japanese">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>&nbsp;[ja]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html" 
title="Korean">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>&nbsp;[ko]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.nl.html" 
title="Dutch">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html" 
title="Polish">Polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</li>
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html" 
title="Russian">&#1056;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;</a>&nbsp;[ru]</li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>

Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html    4 Feb 2008 06:20:59 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" 
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="hr"><head><title>Sloboda 
ili Copyright? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
+
+
+
+
+
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-2">
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" 
href="freedom-or-copyright.hr_files/gnu.css">
+<link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden";><!-- This document is in XML, 
and xhtml 1.0 --><!-- Please make sure to properly nest your tags --><!-- and 
ensure that your final document validates --><!-- consistent with W3C xhtml 1.0 
and CSS standards --><!-- See validator.w3.org --></head><body>
+
+<p><a href="#translations">Prijevodi</a> ovog dokumenta</p>
+
+<h3>Sloboda ili Copyright?</h3>
+
+<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard 
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<p>
+<a href="http://www.gnu.org/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html";><img 
src="freedom-or-copyright.hr_files/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg" alt=" [image of a 
Philosophical Gnu] " height="200" width="160"></a>
+</p>
+
+
+<hr>
+
+<p>
+Nekada davno, u vrijeme tiska, za poslove pisanja i izdava¹tva
+uspostavljena je industrijska regulacija. Nazvana je copyright. Svrha
+copyrighta je bila ohrabrivanje izdavanja razlièitih pisanih radova.
+Naèin na koji je to èinio je bio prijenos prava za tisak recentnih
+radova sa autora na izdavaèa.</p>
+
+<p>
+Prosjeèni èitatelji nisu imali razloga da osporavaju taj naèin, jer
+copyright je ogranièavao samo izdavanje, ne i stvari koje je èitatelj
+mogao uèiniti. Ako je i podigao cijenu knjige za neki mali iznos, to je
+bio samo novac. Copyright je bio dru¹tveno koristan, kako je bilo i
+planirano, s malo tereta za samo dru¹tvo. U to doba svoj posao je radio
+kako spada.</p>
+
+<p>
+Tada je nai¹ao novi naèin razmjene informacija: raèunala i mre¾e.
+Prednost tehnologije digitalnih informacija je da olak¹ava kopiranje i
+manipulaciju informacijama, ukljuèujuæi softver, glazbene zapise i
+knjige. Mre¾e su ponudile moguænost neogranièenog pristupa svim vrstama
+podataka - informacijsku utopiju.</p>
+
+<p>
+Ali jedna prepreka se isprijeèila na tom putu: copyright. Èitatelji
+koji su koristili svoja raèunala za razmjenu objavljenih informacija su
+tehnièki govoreæi bili prekr¹itelji copyrighta. Svijet se promijenio i
+ono ¹to je nekada bila industrijska regulacija izdavaèa sada je postalo
+ogranièenje za dru¹tvo èijoj je slu¾bi prvotno bilo namijenjeno.</p>
+
+<p>
+U demokraciji, zakon koji brani popularnu, prirodnu i korisnu
+aktivnost, obièno ne traje dugo. No moæni izdavaèki lobi je bio odluèan
+u nakani da sprijeèi dru¹tvo da se koristi prednostima raèunala, a
+copyright se pokazao kao odgovarajuæe oru¾je. Pod njihovim utjecajem,
+umjesto da prilagodi copyright novim okolnostima, vlade su ga uèinile
+rigoroznijim no ikad, i utvrdile neprimjereno stroge kazne za èitatelje
+uhvaæene u razmjeni sadr¾aja.</p>
+
+<p>
+No ni to nije sve. Raèunala mogu biti moæna oru¾ja dominacija kada
+nekolicina ljudi kontrolira ¹to rade raèunala drugih ljudi. Izdavaèi su
+shvatili da prisiljavajuæi ljude da koriste specijalno dizajnirane
+programe za èitanje digitalnih izdanja knjiga, mogu zadobiti do tad
+neviðenu snagu: mogu prinuditi èitatelje da plaæaju, pa èak i da se
+predstave, svaki put kad èitaju knjigu!</p>
+
+<p>
+To je san izdavaèa, i oni su utjecali na vladu Sjedinjenih Amerièkih
+Dr¾ava da donese Digital Millenium Copyright Act 1998. Taj zakon im
+daje potpunu i legalnu moæ nad skoro svim ¹to èitatelj mo¾e èiniti s
+elektronskom knjigom. Èak je i èitanje bez predstavljanja zloèin!</p>
+
+<p>
+I dalje imamo iste stare slobode pri kori¹tenju papirnatih knjiga. No
+ako elektronske knjige zamjene papirnate, ta iznimka æe biti od nikakva
+znaèaja. S "elektronskom tintom", koja omoguæuje stavljanje novog
+teksta na vidljivo otiskan komad papira, èak i novine mogu postati
+kratkotrajne. Zamislite: nema vi¹e antikvarijata s kori¹tenim knjigama,
+nema vi¹e posuðivanje knjige prijatelju, nema vi¹e posuðivanja knjige
+iz knji¾nice, nema vi¹e "rupe u zakonu" koja bi omoguæila nekome da
+èita a da ne plati. (A sudeæi prema reklami za Microsoft Reader, nema
+vi¹e ni anonimne kupovine knjige.) To je svijet koji su nam namijenili
+izdavaèi.</p>
+
+<p>
+Za¹to je toliko malo javnih rasprava o ovim va¾nim promjenama? Veæina
+graðana jo¹ nije imala priliku susresti se s politièkim pitanjima
+izazvanim ovom futuristièkom tehnologijom. Usto, javnost je uèena da
+copyright postoji da "za¹titi" posjednike copyrighta, a impliciralo se
+da se dru¹tveni znaèaj ne raèuna.</p>
+
+<p>
+No kad dru¹tvo poène uveliko koristiti elektronske knjige, pa se
+otkrije re¾im koji su im izdavaèi pripremili, doæi æe do otpora.
+Èovjeèanstvo neæe prihvatiti ovu ¹alu za sva vremena.</p>
+
+<p>
+Izdavaèi bi htjeli da vjerujemo da je ogranièavajuæi copyright jedini
+naèin da se umjetnost odr¾i na ¾ivotu, ali ne treba nam rat zbog
+kopiranja da se potakne raznolikost izdavanih radova; i kao ¹to su
+Greatful Dead pokazali, privatno kopiranje izmeðu obo¾avatelja nije
+nu¾no problem za umjetnika. Legalizacijom kopiranja elektronskih knjiga
+meðu prijateljima mo¾emo postaviti copyright u industrijsku regulaciju,
+odakle je i potekao.</p>
+
+<p>
+Za neke vrste pisane rijeèi trebamo otiæi i korak dalje. Za nastavne
+tekstove i monografije bi svi trebali biti podsticani da ih reizdaju u
+elektronskom obliku u cjelosti jer to poma¾e oèuvanju zapisa a i èini
+ih dostupnijima. Za ud¾benike i veæinu radova na koje se odnose,
+objavljivanje promijenjenih inaèica bi trebalo biti takoðer dozvoljeno,
+jer to podstièe pobolj¹anja.</p>
+
+<p>
+Kada raèunalne mre¾e omoguæe jednostavan naèin da se nekome po¹alje
+mali iznos novca, svi razlozi za ogranièavanje kopiranja æe nestati.
+Ako volite knjigu, a na raèunalu se pojavi poruka koja veli "Klikni
+ovdje da autoru donira¹ 5 HRK", tko ne bi kliknuo? Copyright za knjige
+i glazbu, u smislu dijeljenja nepromijenjenih kopija, bit æe potpuno
+zastario. I to ni trenutka prerano!</p>
+
+<hr>
+<h4><a href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html";>Ostali tekstovi za 
proèitati</a></h4>
+<hr>
+
+<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about    -->
+<!-- verbatim copying.  Please do NOT remove this without talking     -->
+<!-- with the webmasters first. --> 
+<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
+<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
+
+<div class="translations">
+<p><a id="translations"></a>
+<b>Prijevodi ovog dokumenta</b>:<br>
+
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
+<!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
+<!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
+<!-- English is.  If you add a new language here, please -->
+<!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
+<!--    - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
+<!--    - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
+<!--      one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
+<!--    - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
+<!--      to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
+<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
+<!--     http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
+
+[
+  <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html";>English</a>
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html";>Deutsch</a>
 <!-- German -->
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html";>Espa&#241;ol</a>
    <!-- Spanish -->
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html";>Français</a>
        <!-- French -->
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html";>Hrvatski</a>
        <!-- Croatian -->
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html";>Italiano</a>
        <!-- Italian -->
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html";>&#26085;&#26412;&#35486;</a>
        <!-- Japanese -->
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html";>&#54620;&#44397;&#50612;</a>
        <!-- Korean -->
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html";>Polski</a>
  <!-- Polish -->
+| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html";>&#1056;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;</a>
       <!-- Russian -->
+]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="copyright">
+<p>
+Return to the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/home.html";>GNU Project home page</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to 
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+There are also <a href="http://www.gnu.org/home.html#ContactInfo";>other ways 
to contact</a> 
+the FSF.
+<br>
+Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Please see the 
+<a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/server/standards/README.translations.html";>Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
+translations of this article.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
+<br>
+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is 
+preserved.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:20:59 $ $Author: yavor $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+
+
+</body></html>

Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright-old.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.html       4 Feb 2008 06:20:59 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+
+<title>Freedom&mdash;or Copyright? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation 
(FSF)</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+
+<h2>Freedom&mdash;or Copyright?</h2>
+
+<p>
+  by <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong>
+</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p>
+The brave new world of e-books: no more used book stores, no more
+lending a book to your friend, no more borrowing one from the public
+library, no purchasing a book except with a credit card that
+identifies what you read.  Even reading an e-book without
+authorization is a crime.
+</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>
+Once upon a time, in the age of the printing press, an industrial
+regulation was established for the business of writing and
+publishing. It was called copyright. Copyright's purpose was to
+encourage the publication of a diversity of written
+works. Copyright's method was to make publishers get permission
+from authors to reprint recent writings.</p>
+
+<p>
+Ordinary readers had little reason to disapprove, since copyright
+restricted only publication, not the things a reader could do. If it
+raised the price of a book a small amount, that was only
+money. Copyright provided a public benefit, as intended, with little
+burden on the public. It did its job well&mdash;back then.</p>
+
+<p>
+Then a new way of distributing information came about: computers and
+networks. The advantage of digital information technology is that it
+facilitates copying and manipulating information, including software,
+musical recordings and books. Networks offered the possibility of
+unlimited access to all sorts of data&mdash;an information utopia.</p>
+
+<p>
+But one obstacle stood in the way: copyright. Readers who made use of
+their computers to share published information were technically
+copyright infringers. The world had changed, and what was once an
+industrial regulation on publishers had become a restriction on the
+public it was meant to serve.</p>
+
+<p>
+In a democracy, a law that prohibits a popular, natural and useful
+activity is usually soon relaxed. But the powerful publishers'
+lobby was determined to prevent the public from taking advantage of
+the power of their computers, and found copyright a suitable
+weapon. Under their influence, rather than relaxing copyright to suit
+the new circumstances, governments made it stricter than ever,
+imposing harsh penalties on readers caught sharing.</p>
+
+<p>
+But that wasn't the last of it. Computers can be powerful tools of
+domination when a few people control what other people's computers
+do. The publishers realized that by forcing people to use specially
+designated software to watch videos and read e-books, they can gain
+unprecedented power: they can compel readers to pay, and identify
+themselves, every time they read a book!</p>
+
+<p>
+That is the publishers' dream, and they prevailed upon the
+U.S. government to enact the Digital Millennium Copyright Act of
+1998. This law gives them total legal power over almost anything a
+reader might do with an e-book, as long as they publish the book in
+encrypted form. Even reading the book without authorization is a
+crime.</p>
+
+<p>
+We still have the same old freedoms in using paper books. But if
+e-books replace printed books, that exception will do little
+good. With &ldquo;electronic ink&rdquo;, which makes it possible to
+download new text onto an apparently printed piece of paper, even
+newspapers could become ephemeral. Imagine: no more used book stores;
+no more lending a book to your friend; no more borrowing one from the
+public library&mdash;no more &ldquo;leaks&rdquo; that might give someone a
+chance to read without paying. (And judging from the ads for Microsoft
+Reader, no more anonymous purchasing of books either.) This is the
+world publishers have in mind for us.</p>
+
+<p>
+Why is there so little public debate about these momentous changes?
+Most citizens have not yet had occasion to come to grips with the
+political issues raised by this futuristic technology. Besides, the
+public has been taught that copyright exists to &ldquo;protect&rdquo;
+the copyright holders, with the implication that the public's
+interests do not count. (The biased term “<a href="not-ipr.html">
+intellectual property</a>” also promotes that view; in addition,
+it encourages the mistake of trying to treat several laws that are
+almost totally different&mdash;such as copyright law and patent
+law&mdash;as if they were a single issue.)</p>
+
+<p>
+But when the public at large begins to use e-books, and discovers the
+regime that the publishers have prepared for them, they will begin to
+resist. Humanity will not accept this yoke forever.</p>
+
+<p>
+The publishers would have us believe that suppressive copyright is the
+only way to keep art alive, but we do not need a War on Copying to
+encourage a diversity of published works; as the Grateful Dead showed,
+private copying among fans is not necessarily a problem for
+artists. (In 2007, Radiohead made millions by inviting fans to copy an
+album and pay whatever amount they wish; a few years before, Stephen King
+got hundreds of thousands for an e-book which people could copy.) By
+legalizing the copying of e-books among friends, we can turn copyright
+back into the industrial regulation it once was.</p>
+
+<p>
+For some kinds of writing, we should go even further. For scholarly
+papers and monographs, everyone should be encouraged to republish them
+verbatim online; this helps protect the scholarly record while making
+it more accessible. For textbooks and most reference works,
+publication of modified versions should be allowed as well, since that
+encourages improvement.</p>
+
+<p>
+Eventually, when computer networks provide an easy way to send someone
+a small amount of money, the whole rationale for restricting verbatim
+copying will go away. If you like a book, and a box pops up on your
+computer saying &ldquo;Click here to give the author one
+dollar&rdquo;, wouldn't you click? Copyright for books and music, as
+it applies to distributing verbatim unmodified copies, will be
+entirely obsolete. And not a moment too soon!</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+
+<div id="footer">
+<p>
+Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to 
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.  There are
+also <a href="/contact/">other ways to
+contact</a> the FSF.
+<br />
+Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Please see the
+<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
+translations of this article.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright &copy; 1999, 2008 Richard M. Stallman
+<br />
+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is 
+preserved.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:20:59 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div id="translations">
+  <h4>Translations of this page</h4>
+
+  <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
+  <!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
+  <!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
+  <!-- English is.  If you add a new language here, please -->
+  <!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
+  <!--    - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
+  <!--    - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
+  <!--      one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
+  <!--    - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
+  <!--      to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
+  <!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
+  <!--     http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
+
+<ul class="translations-list">
+<!-- German -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</li>
+<!-- English -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</li>
+<!-- Spanish -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>&nbsp;[es]</li>
+<!-- French -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>&nbsp;[fr]</li>
+<!-- Croatian -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.hr.html">Hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</li>
+<!-- Italian -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html">Italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
+<!-- Japanese -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
+<!-- Korean -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>&nbsp;[ko]</li>
+<!-- Dutch -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.nl.html">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</li>
+<!-- Polish -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html">Polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</li>
+<!-- Russian -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html">&#x0420;&#x0443;&#x0441;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;&#x0439;</a>&nbsp;[ru]</li>
+</ul>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>

Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html    4 Feb 2008 06:20:59 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+  <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
+  <TITLE>Libertà o copyright? - Progetto GNU - Free Software Foundation 
(FSF)</TITLE>
+  <LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
+  <LINK REV="translated" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
+  <META NAME="Description"
+       CONTENT="Tradotto  originariamente da Domenico Delle Side.
+                Modifiche successive di Paola Blason e Giorgio V. Felchero">
+</HEAD>
+<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
+
+<H3>Libertà o copyright?</H3>
+
+<P>
+di <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";><STRONG>Richard Stallman</STRONG></A>
+
+<P>
+
+<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.it.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
+   ALT=" [Immagine di uno Gnu filosofico] "
+   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical!!!  -->
+[
+  <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html">Coreano</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html">Francese</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">Inglese</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html">Italiano</A>
+| <A HREf="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html">Russo</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html">Tedesco</A>
+]
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<P>
+Un tempo, nell'era della carta stampata, venne stabilita una
+regolamentazione industriale per il mondo della scrittura e
+dell'editoria. Venne chiamata copyright.  Lo scopo del copyright era
+quello di incoraggiare la pubblicazione di diverse opere scritte. Il
+copyright consentiva agli editori di ottenere dagli autori il permesso
+di ristampare i loro lavori recenti.
+
+<P>
+
+I semplici lettori non avevano nulla in contrario, dato che il
+copyright imponeva restrizioni solo nella pubblicazione delle opere,
+non nell'uso che questi ne facevano. Che ciò aumentasse solo di un po'
+il prezzo dei libri, non aveva importanza; il copyright, come era
+inteso, forniva un beneficio generale, gravando solo un po' sulla
+collettività. Assolveva, dunque, il suo compito in maniera egregia.
+
+<P>
+
+In seguito, si sviluppò un nuovo modo per diffondere le informazioni:
+i computer e le reti.  Il vantaggio della tecnologia dell'informazione
+digitale sta nel fatto che questa facilita la copia e la manipolazione
+delle informazioni, inclusi software, registrazioni musicali e
+libri. Le reti, d'altro canto, offrivano la possibilità di accesso
+illimitato ad ogni tipo di dati - un'utopia dell'informazione.
+
+<P>
+
+Ma si trovò un ostacolo: il copyright. I lettori che facevano uso dei
+loro computer per condividere le informazioni erano tecnicamente dei
+contravventori del copyright. Il mondo era cambiato e quella che in
+passato era una regolamentazione industriale sull'editoria divenne una
+restrizione nei confronti della collettività che invece avrebbe dovuto
+favorire.
+
+<P>
+
+In un paese democratico, una legge che proibisca un'attività comune,
+naturale ed utile verrebbe presto abolita, ma la potente lobby degli
+editori era determinata ad impedire che la collettività traesse
+vantaggio dal potere dei propri computer, così fece del copyright la
+propria arma.  Sotto la sua influenza i governi, invece di allentare
+la morsa del copyright per adattarsi alle nuove circostanze, lo
+inasprirono più che mai, imponendo pene severe ai lettori sorpresi
+a condividere informazioni.
+
+<P>
+
+Ma non è tutto. I computer possono essere potenti strumenti di
+dominazione se poche persone controllano quello che altri fanno con i
+loro computer. Gli editori si accorsero che, imponedo alla gente di
+usare programmi realizzati specificatamente per leggere libri
+elettronici, avrebbero guadagnato un potere mai avuto: avrebbero
+potuto costringere i lettori a pagare per leggere, identificandoli ad
+ogni lettura.
+
+<P>
+
+Questo era il sogno degli editori che sono riusciti a convincere il
+governo americano a varare il Digital Millennium Copyright Act del
+1998. Questa legge dà loro il quasi completo potere legale su quasi
+tutto ciò che un lettore può fare con un libro elettronico. Anche
+leggerlo senza autorizzazione è un crimine!
+
+<P>
+
+Abbiamo ancora le stesse vecchie libertà nell'uso dei libri stampati,
+ma se i libri elettronici li rimpiazzeranno, questa eccezione non
+porterà un gran beneficio.  Con l'"inchiostro elettronico", che
+consente di scaricare nuovi testi in un pezzo di carta apparentemente
+stampato, anche i giornali potrebbero divenire effimeri.  Si immagini:
+niente più negozi di libri usati, niente più libri in prestito agli
+amici, niente più librerie pubbliche da cui da cui prenderli - ovvero
+niente più "falle" che potrebbero consentire a qualcuno di leggere un
+libro senza pagare (e, giudicando dalla pubblicità di Microsoft
+Reader, non sarà più possibile acquistare i libri anonimamente).
+Questo è il mondo che gli editori hanno in mente per noi.
+
+<P>
+
+Perché c'è così poca discussione circa questi cambiamenti?  Molti non
+hanno ancora avuto occasione di venire a contatto con le questioni
+politiche sollevate da questa tecnologia futuristica. D'altro canto,
+alla collettività è stato insegnato che il copyright esiste per
+"proteggere" i suoi possessori, con l'implicazione che l'interesse
+pubblico non ha importanza.
+
+<P>
+
+Quando la gente comincerà ad usare massicciamente i libri elettronici
+e scoprirà il regime che gli editori hanno preparato, allora comincerà
+la resistanza. L'umanità non accetterà questo giogo in eterno.
+
+<P>
+
+Gli editori vogliono farci credere che un copyright così aspro sia
+l'unico sistema per proteggere l'arte, ma non c'è bisogno di una
+guerra alla copia per incoraggiare la pubblicazione di diverse nuove
+opere; come i Greateful Dead hanno dimostrato, la copia privata tra
+i propri sostenitori non è necessariamente un problema per gli
+artisti. Legalizzando la copia dei libri elettronici tra amici, si può
+far tornare il copyright alla forma di regolamentazione industriale
+che era una volta.
+
+<P>
+
+Per certi tipi di scritti, possiamo anche andare oltre.  Per il
+materiale scolastico/accademico e le monografie, ognuno dovrebbe
+essere incoraggiato a ripubblicarne on line copie letterali; questo
+aiuterebbe a proteggere i documenti scolasticie accademici rendendoli
+allo stesso tempo più accessibili. Per i libri di testo ed le opere di
+consultazione, la pubblicazione di versioni modificate dovrebbe essere
+altrettanto incoraggiata poiché favorirebbe il miglioramento.
+
+<P>
+
+Alla fine, quando le reti informatiche forniranno un modo semplice per
+inviare piccole somme di denaro, spariranno tutte le argomentazioni a
+favore della restrizione delle copie letterali. Se un libro piace e
+compare sul nostro schermo una finestrella che dice: "Premere qui per
+spedire un dollaro all'autore", non ci premeremo sopra?  Il copyright
+per i libri e la musica, poiché si tratta di distribuzione di copie
+letterali, diventerà interamente obsoleto. E non sarà mai abbastanza
+presto!
+
+<P>
+
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman.  La copia letterale e la
+distribuzione di questo articolo nella sua integrità sono permesse con
+qualsiasi mezzo, a condizione che questa nota sia riprodotta.
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.it.html#Laws">Altri testi da 
leggere</A></H4>
+
+<HR>
+
+Ritorna alla <A HREF="/home.it.html">pagina principale di GNU</A>.
+<P>
+
+Per informazioni e domande sulla FSF e GNU rivolgersi,
+possibilmente in inglese,
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.  Altri
+<A HREF="/home.it.html#ContactInfo">modi per contattare</A> la FSF.
+<P>
+Commenti su queste pagine web a
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
+<EM>address@hidden</EM></A>, altre domande a
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.
+<P>
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
+<P>
+La copia letterale e la distribuzione di questo articolo nella sua
+integrità sono permesse con qualsiasi mezzo, a condizione
+che questa nota sia riprodotta.<P>
+Aggiornato:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:20:59 $ $Author: yavor $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+<HR>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>

Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html    4 Feb 2008 06:20:59 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE>¼«Í³ - ¤½¤ì¤È¤âÃøºî¸¢? - GNU ¥×¥í¥¸¥§¥¯¥È - ¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢ºâÃÄ 
(FSF)</TITLE>
+<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
+<LINK REV="translated" HREF="address@hidden">
+</HEAD>
+<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
+
+<H3>¼«Í³ - ¤½¤ì¤È¤âÃøºî¸¢?</H3>
+
+<P>
+<A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";><STRONG>Richard Stallman</STRONG></A>Ãø
+
+<P>
+
+<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.ja.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
+   ALT=" [ÎäÀŤʥ°¥Ì¡¼¤Î²èÁü] "
+   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
+<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical!!!  -->
+[
+ <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">±Ñ¸ì</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html">¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html">¥É¥¤¥Ä¸ì</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html">¥¤¥¿¥ê¥¢¸ì</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html">ÆüËܸì</A>
+| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html">´Ú¹ñ¸ì</A>
+| <A HREf="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html">¥í¥·¥¢¸ì</A>
+]
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<P>
+
+¤à¤«¤·¤à¤«¤·¡¢°õºþµ¡¤¬¤è¤¦¤ä¤¯ÉáµÚ¤·¤¿¤³¤í¡¢½ñ¼Ì¤ä½ÐÈǤò¿¦¶È¤È¤¹¤ë¿Í¡¹
+¤òÂоݤˤ¢¤ë»º¶Èµ¬À©¤¬À©Äꤵ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤½¤ì¤¬Ãøºî¸¢¤Ç¤¹¡£Ãøºî¸¢¤ÎÌÜŪ¤Ï¡¢
+¿ÍͤÊÃøºîʪ¤Î½ÐÈǤòÂ¥¿Ê¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£½ÐÈǶȼԤ¬¤¢¤ëºî¼Ô¤ÎºÇ¿·
+¤ÎÃøºî¤òºÆÈǤ¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¿Í¤«¤éµöÂú¤òÆÀ¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¢¤È
+¤¤¤¦¤Î¤¬Ãøºî¸¢¤Î»ÅÁȤߤǤ¹¡£
+
+<P>
+
+¤³¤ì¤ËÂФ·¡¢°ìÈ̤ÎÆɼԤ¬»¿À®¤·¤Ê¤¤Íýͳ¤Ï¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£¤È¤¤
+¤¦¤Î¤â¡¢Ãøºî¸¢¤Ï½ÐÈǤΤߤòÀ©¸Â¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¡¢Åö»þ¤ÎÆɼԤ¬¤Ç¤­¤ë¤³
+¤È¤òÀ©¸Â¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤«¤é¤Ç¤¹¡£Â¿¾¯ËܤβÁ³Ê¤Ï¾å¤¬¤Ã¤¿¤«¤â¤·¤ì¤Þ
+¤»¤ó¤¬¡¢¤½¤ì¤Ïñ¤Ë¤ª¶â¤ÎÌäÂê¤Ç¤¹¡£Ãøºî¸¢¤ÏÅö½é¤Î°Õ¿ÞÄ̤ꡢ¸ø½°¤Ë¤Û¤È¤ó
+¤ÉÉéô¤òÍ¿¤¨¤ë¤³¤È¤Ê¤¯¸ø¶¦¤ÎÊ¡»ã¤Ë´óÍ¿¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤½¤¦¡¢Ãøºî¸¢¤Ï¤¦¤Þ¤¯µ¡
+ǽ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹-¤³¤Î¤³¤í¤Ï¡£
+
+<P>
+
+¤µ¤Æ¡¢¤½¤Î¸å¾ðÊó¤òήÄ̤¹¤ë¿·¤·¤¤¼êÃʤ¬Åо줷¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤È¥Í¥Ã
+¥È¥ï¡¼¥¯¤Ç¤¹¡£¥Ç¥¸¥¿¥ë¾ðÊ󵻽ѤÎĹ½ê¤Ï¡¢¤½¤ì¤¬¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¡¢²»³Ú¤ÎÏ¿²»¡¢
+½ñÀҤȤ¤¤Ã¤¿¾ðÊó¤ÎÊ£¼Ì¤ÈÁàºî¤òÍưפˤ¹¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦ÅÀ¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¥Í¥Ã¥È¥ï¡¼
+¥¯¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤È¤¢¤é¤æ¤ë¼ïÎà¤Ø¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤ËÂФ¹¤ë̵¸Â¤Î¥¢¥¯¥»¥¹¤Î²ÄǽÀ­¤òÄ󶡤·
+¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤Þ¤µ¤·¤¯¾ðÊó¤Î¥æ¡¼¥È¥Ô¥¢¤Ç¤¹¡£
+
+<P>
+
+¤·¤«¤·°ì¤Ä¤Î¾ã³²¤¬Æ»¤ò¤Õ¤µ¤¤¤Ç¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£Ãøºî¸¢¤Ç¤¹¡£Ë¡Åª¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼
+¥¿¤ò½ÐÈǤµ¤ì¤¿¾ðÊó¤ò¶¦Í­¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤ËÍøÍѤ¹¤ëÆɼԤÏÃøºî¸¢¿¯³²¼Ô¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È
+¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£À¤³¦¤ÏÊѤï¤ê¡¢¤«¤Ä¤Æ¤Ï½ÐÈǶȼԤؤλº¶Èµ¬À©¤À¤Ã¤¿¤â¤Î¤¬¡¢ËÜ
+Í赬À©¤¬Êô»Å¤¹¤Ù¤­¸ø½°¤Ø¤ÎÀ©Ìó¤È¤Ê¤ê²Ì¤Æ¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£
+
+<P>
+
+̱¼ç¼çµÁ¼Ò²ñ¤Ç¤ÏÄ̾¿Íµ¤¤¬¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¡¢ÅöÁ³¤Ç¡¢¤«¤ÄÍ­±×¤Ê³èÆ°¤ò¶Ø»ß¤¹¤ë¤è
+¤¦¤ÊË¡¤Ï¤Þ¤â¤Ê¤¯´ËϤµ¤ì¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£¤·¤«¤·½ÐÈǶȼԤ¿¤Á¤Ï¤³¤ì¤Þ¤Ç¶¯ÎϤÊ
+¥í¥Ó¡¼³èÆ°¤Ë¤è¤Ã¤Æ¸ø½°¤¬¼«Ê¬¤Î¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤ÎÎϤòºÇÂç¸Â¤ËÀ¸¤«¤¹¤³¤È¤ò˸
+¤²Â³¤±¤Æ¤­¤Þ¤·¤¿¤·¡¢Ãøºî¸¢¤¬¤½¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î¤¦¤Ã¤Æ¤Ä¤±¤ÎÉð´ï¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤È¹Í¤¨¤Æ¤­
+¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£Èà¤é¤Î±Æ¶Á¤ò¼õ¤±¤Æ¡¢À¯ÉܤÏÃøºî¸¢¤ò¿·¤·¤¤¾õ¶·¤Ë²ñ¤ï¤»¤Æ´Ë¤á¤ë¤É
+¤³¤í¤«¡¢¤«¤Ä¤Æ¤Ê¤¤¤Û¤É¸·³Ê¤Ê¤â¤Î¤Ë¤·¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¡¢¶¦Í­¤Î¤«¤É¤ÇÊá¤Þ¤Ã¤¿ÆɼÔ
+¤Ë¸·¤·¤¤È³¤ò²Ý¤½¤¦¤È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£
+
+<P>
+
+¤·¤«¤·ÏäϤ³¤ì¤À¤±¤Ç¤ÏºÑ¤ß¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£¿Í¡¹¤¬¼«Ê¬¤Î¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Ç¹Ô¤¦¤³¤È¤ò¡¢
+¤´¤¯¾¯¿ô¤Î¿Í¡¹¤¬¥³¥ó¥È¥í¡¼¥ë¤Ç¤­¤ë¤È¤­¡¢¥³¥ó¥Ô¥å¡¼¥¿¤Ï¶¯ÎϤʻÙÇÛ¤ÎÆ»¶ñ
+¤È¤Ê¤êÆÀ¤Þ¤¹¡£½ÐÈǶȼԤϡ¢ÆÃÊ̤˻ØÄꤵ¤ì¤¿¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢¤Ç¤Î¤ßÅŻҽñÀÒ
+(e-book)¤òÆɤà¤è¤¦¿Í¡¹¤Ë¶¯À©¤¹¤ì¤Ð¡¢Á°Âå̤ʹ¤Î¸¢ÎϤ¬¼ê¤ËÆþ¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È
+¤Ëµ¤¤Å¤­¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£ÆɼԤ¬ËܤòÆɤि¤Ó¤Ë¡¢Èà¤é¤ÏÆɼԤ˻Ùʧ¤¤¤ò¶¯¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤â
+¤Ç¤­¤Þ¤¹¤·¡¢¤½¤ÎËܤò郎Æɤó¤Ç¤¤¤ë¤«¤òÆÃÄꤹ¤ë¤³¤È¤¹¤é¤Ç¤­¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹!
+
+<P>
+
+¤³¤ì¤Ï½ÐÈǼҤÎÌ´¤Ç¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢Èà¤é¤Ï¥¢¥á¥ê¥«¹ç½°¹ñÀ¯ÉܤòÀ⤭Éú¤»¤Æ1998ǯ¡¢
+¡Ö¥Ç¥¸¥¿¥ë¥ß¥ì¥Ë¥¢¥àÃøºî¸¢Ë¡(Digital Millenium Copyright Act)¡×¤òÀ©Äê
+¤µ¤»¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤³¤ÎË¡¤Ï½ÐÈǶȼԤËÂФ·¡¢ÆɼԤ¬ÅŻҽñÀÒ¤ò»È¤Ã¤Æ¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Î¤Û
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+ºá¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¤¹!
+
+<P>
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+
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Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html
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+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
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+<TITLE>ÀÚÀ¯°¡ ¸ÕÀúÀΰ¡ ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÌ ¸ÕÀúÀΰ¡? - GNU ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ® - ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î 
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+±Û: <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>¸®Â÷µå ½ºÅ縸</A>
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+¿¾³¯ Àμ⠱â°è ½ÃÀý¿¡, »ê¾÷ ¹ý±Ô´Â ÀúÀÛ°ú ÃâÆÇ ¾÷¹«¸¦ À§ÇØ Çü¼ºµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. 
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+°ø°ø¿¡°Ô ÀÌ·Ó´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ Áõ¸íµÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. 
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+
+<P>
+ÀÌ·± Áß´ëÇÑ º¯È­¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ¿Ö ´ëÁßÀûÀÎ ³íÀÇ°¡ ¾øÀ»±î¿ä? ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎµéÀº
+ÀÌ ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ±â¼ú·Î ÀϾ´Â Á¤Ä¡Àû ¹®Á¦¿¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ µ¹¸± ¸¸ÇÑ °è±â¸¦ ¾ÆÁ÷ °¡ÁöÁö
+¸øÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡, ´ëÁßµéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀº °í·ÁÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ Ã¤ ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÌ 
+ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÚ¸¦ ``º¸È£Çϱâ'' À§Çؼ­ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù°í ¹è¿ö¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. 
+
+<P>
+±×·¯³ª ´ëÁßµéÀÌ ÀüÀÚÃ¥À» ³Î¸® »ç¿ëÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÏ°í, ÃâÆǾ÷ÀÚµéÀÌ ÁغñÇØ ³õÀº
+üÁ¦¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é, ±×µéÀº ÀúÇ×Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÒ °Ì´Ï´Ù. Àηù´Â ÀÌ·± ¸Û¿¡¸¦
+°è¼ÓÇؼ­ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀ» °Ì´Ï´Ù. 
+
+<P>
+ÃâÆǾ÷ÀÚµéÀº ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¾ï¾ÐÀûÀÎ ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÌ ¿¹¼úÀ» »ì¾ÆÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ 
¹æ¹ýÀ̶ó°í 
+¹Ï°Ô ¸¸µé·Á ÇÒ °Ì´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ì¸®°¡ ÃâÆÇµÈ ÀúÀÛ¹°µéÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ» °Ý·ÁÇÏ´Â 
º¹Á¦¸¦ 
+À§Çؼ­ ÀüÀïÀ» ¼±Æ÷ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¹ÀÌƮǮ µ¥µå(Grateful Dead)¶ó´Â 
¹êµå°¡ 
+º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ¿¹Ã³·³, ÆÒµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ ÀϾ´Â »çÀûÀÎ º¹Á¦°¡ ¿¹¼ú°¡µé¿¡°Ô ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ´Â 
+°Í¸¸Àº ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. Ä£±¸µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ ÀüÀÚÃ¥ÀÇ º¹Á¦¸¦ ÇÕ¹ýÈ­ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, ¿ì¸®´Â 
ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀ» 
+¿¹ÀüÀÇ »ê¾÷ ¹ý±Ôó·³ µÇµ¹·Á ³õÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 
+
+<P>
+¸î¸î Á¾·ùÀÇ ÀúÀÛ¹°¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â, Á»´õ ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇмúÀûÀÎ º¸°í¼­¿Í 
+³í¹®Àº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±× ³»¿ë ±×´ë·Î¸¦ ¿Â¶óÀÎÀ¸·Î ÀçÃâÆÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï °Ý·ÁµÇ¾î¾ß 
ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 
+ÀÌ·± ÇàÀ§´Â Çй®Àû ÀúÀÛ¹°¿¡ ´õ ½±°Ô Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çϸ鼭 ±× ±â·ÏÀ» 
º¸È£Çϴµ¥ 
+µµ¿òÀ» ÁÝ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±³°ú¼­¿Í ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Âü°í ¼­ÀûÀº ¼öÁ¤ÆÇÀÇ ÃâÆÇÀÌ Çã¶ôµÇ¾î¾ß¸¸ 
+ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·± ÇàÀ§°¡ ´õ¿í ³ªÀº °³¼±À» À̲ø¾î ³¾ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 
+
+<P>
+°á±¹, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ ¼Ò·®ÀÇ µ·À» ¾î¶² »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô º¸³»´Â ½¬¿î ¹æ¹ýÀ» 
Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù¸é, 
+º¹Á¦¸¦ Á¦ÇÑÇÏ´Â ±Ùº»ÀûÀÎ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ »ç¶óÁú °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à ´ç½ÅÀÌ Ã¥À» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ°í 
´ç½Å 
+ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡¼­ ``ÀÛ°¡¿¡°Ô 1´Þ·¯¸¦ ³»·Á¸é ¿©±â¸¦ Ŭ¸¯Çϼ¼¿ä''¶ó´Â ¹Ú½º°¡ ¶á´Ù¸é 
Ŭ¸¯ÇÏÁö 
+¾Ê°Ú½À´Ï±î? Ã¥°ú À½¾Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀº, ±×°ÍÀÌ ³»¿ë¹°À» º¯°æÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ±×´ë·Î¸¦ 
+¹èÆ÷Çϵµ·Ï Àû¿ëÇÏ´Â ÇÑ, È®½ÇÈ÷ ¼èÅðÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð °ð¹Ù·Î ±×·¸°Ô µÇÁö´Â 
¾Ê°ÚÁö¸¸, 
+¾ðÁ¨°¡´Â ±×·¸°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
+
+<P>
+<HR>
+<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.ko.html#Laws">Àоî¾ß ÇÒ ´Ù¸¥ ±Ûµé</A></H4>
+
+<P>
+<HR>
+GNU ȨÆäÀÌÁöÀÇ <A HREF="/home.ko.html">¸ÞÀÎ È­¸é</A>À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°©´Ï´Ù.
+
+<P>
+ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î Àç´Ü°ú GNU ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®Àº 
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</A>·Î º¸³»Áֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. 
+
+<P>
+GNU¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹® ÀÌ¿Ü¿¡ ȨÆäÀÌÁö ÀÚü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®Àº 
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</A>·Î º¸³»Áֽðí, ±×¹ÛÀÇ 
+¿¬¶ô ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â <A HREF="/home.ko.html#ContactInfo">¿¬¶ôó ¾È³»</a> 
ºÎºÐÀ» 
+Âü°íÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. 
+
+<P>
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
+
+<P>
+ÀúÀ۱ǿ¡ ´ëÇÑ º» »çÇ×ÀÌ ¸í½ÃµÇ´Â ÇÑ, ¾î¶°ÇÑ Á¤º¸ ¸Åü¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ º»¹®ÀÇ ÀüÀ糪 
¹ßÃéµµ 
+¹«»óÀ¸·Î Çã¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
+
+<P>
+Çѱ¹¾î ¹ø¿ª: 2001³â 8¿ù 1ÀÏ ±èÈ¿ÁØ 
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>
+
+<BR>
+¹ø¿ª ¹®ÀÇ ¹× ¿À¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁöÀûÀº 
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</A>
+¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¸ÞÀÏÀ» Áֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.  
+
+<P>
+ÃÖ±Ù ¼öÁ¤ÀÏ:
+<!-- hhmts start -->
+7 Aug 2001 chsong
+<!-- hhmts end -->
+<HR>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>

Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.nl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright-old.nl.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.nl.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.nl.html    4 Feb 2008 06:21:00 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+
+<title>Vrijheid of Auteursrecht? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation 
(FSF)</title>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+
+<h2>Vrijheid of Auteursrecht?</h2>
+
+<p>
+  door <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Eens, ten tijde van de drukpers, werd een industri&euml;le regeling van kracht 
+voor het schrijven en publiceren. Dat heette het auteursrecht. Het doel 
daarvan 
+was om het aantal publicaties van geschreven werk te vergroten. Het systeem 
+bestond eruit dat uitgevers toestemming kregen van auteurs om hun recente 
+werken te dupliceren.</p>
+
+<p>
+Lezers hadden geen reden tot klagen, het auteursrecht legde slechts de 
+publicatie aan banden, niet de dingen die een lezer kon doen. Wanneer dit de 
+prijs van een boek licht verhoogde maakte dat niet uit, het was maar geld. Het 
+auteursrecht diende een maatschappelijk doel, zoals dit was bedoeld, met 
weinig 
+gevolgen voor het lezend publiek. Het was in die dagen een goede regeling.</p>
+
+<p>
+Toen kwam er een nieuwe manier van verspreiding: computers en netwerken. Het 
+voordeel van digitale informatietechnologie is dat het het kopi&euml;ren en 
+wijzigen van informatie, waaronder software, muziekopnamen en boeken, 
+gemakkelijk maakt. Netwerken gaven verder toegang tot allerlei gegevens&mdash;
+een soort informatie-utopia.</p>
+
+<p>
+Maar er was &eacute;&eacute;n obstakel: het auteursrecht. Lezers die hun 
+computers gebruikten om publicaties te delen waren technisch gesproken in 
+overtreding van het auteursrecht. De wereld was veranderd. En wat eens een 
+industri&euml;le regeling voor uitgevers was, werd nu een beperking voor het 
+publiek waar de regeling voor bedoeld was.</p>
+
+<p>
+Binnen een democratie wordt een beperking op populaire, normale en nuttige 
+bezigheden snel versoepeld. Maar de uiterst machtige uitgeverslobby wilde 
+kostte wat kost dit voordeel voor de samenleving bestrijden en vonden in het 
+auteursrecht een sterk wapen. Onder druk van de uitgevers werd het 
auteursrecht 
+niet versoepeld maar juist aangehaald voor de nieuwe situatie en maakten 
+overheden dit recht strenger dan ooit, met harde straffen voor diegenen die ze 
+betrapten op het delen van informatie.</p>
+
+<p>
+Maar dat was niet alles. Computers kunnen een machtig wapen zijn wanneer een 
+handvol mensen wil bepalen wat alle anderen met een computer kunnen doen. 
+Uitgevers brachten dit in praktijk door mensen te dwingen alleen bepaalde 
+software te gebruiken voor het lezen van electronische boeken. Dit geeft ze 
+ongehoorde macht: ze kunnen lezers dwingen te betalen en zich te 
identificeren, 
+ieder keer dat ze een boek lezen!</p>
+
+<p>
+Dat is de natte droom van iedere uitgever en dus overreedde ze de Amerikaanse 
+overheid om de Digital Millennium Copyright Act van 1998 aan te nemen. Deze 
wet 
+geeft ze absolute macht over alles wat een lezer zou kunnen doen met een 
+electronisch boek. Zelfs het lezen zonder toestemming is een misdaad!</p>
+
+<p>
+We hebben nog steeds de oude vrijheden met papieren boeken. Maar wanneer 
+electronische boeken de gedrukte exemplaren gaan vervangen zal deze 
+uitzondering ons weinig helpen. Met &ldquo;electronische inkt&rdquo;, die het 
+mogelijk maakt om tekst te vervangen op ogenschijnlijk gedrukt papier wordt 
+zelfs de krant vluchtig. Stel je voor: geen tweedehands boekenzaak meer; nooit 
+meer een boek aan je vrienden uitlenen; nooit meer lenen van de openbare 
+bibliotheek&mdash;geen &ldquo;gaten&rdquo; meer waardoor je iemand de kans zou 
+kunnen geven iets toch gratis te lezen. (En, afgaand op de advertenties voor 
+Microsoft Reader, ook nooit meer anoniem een boek aanschaffen). Dat is de 
+wereld die uitgevers ons wensen.</p>
+
+<p>
+Waarom is er zo weinig openbaar debat over zulke enorme veranderingen? De 
+meeste burgers kunnen nog niet echt bevatten wat de politieke gevolgen zijn 
van 
+deze futuristische technologie. Burgers zijn trouwens sowieso opgevoed met het 
+idee dat het auteursrecht er is om rechthebbenden te &ldquo;beschermen&rdquo;, 
+met de impliciete aanname dat het maatschappelijk belang niet telt.</p>
+
+<p>
+Maar wanneer de gemeenschap kennis maakt met electronische boeken en het 
regime 
+ontdekt dat de uitgevers voor ons bedacht hebben zal de weerstand komen. 
Mensen 
+zullen dit juk niet eeuwig accepteren.</p>
+
+<p>
+De uitgevers proberen ons wijs te maken dat alleen een streng auteursrecht 
+kunst nog levend kan houden. Maar we hebben geen auteursrechtenoorlog nodig om 
+meer publicaties te bewerkstelligen; zoals de Grateful Dead al bewees is het 
+kopi&euml;ren onder fans geen probleem voor een artiest. Door het 
kopi&euml;ren 
+van electronische boeken legaal te maken, kunnen we het auteursrecht weer 
+terugbrengen tot de industri&euml;le regeling die het eens was.</p>
+
+<p>
+Voor sommige geschriften zouden we zelfs verder moeten gaan. Voor 
universitaire 
+publicaties zou iedereen gestimuleerd moeten worden om ze online te zetten; 
dit 
+zal het behoud van universitaire publicaties ten goede komen en ze meer 
+toegankelijk maken. Voor instructieboeken en referenties zou publicatie van 
+aangepaste werken ook moeten worden gelegaliseerd, dat is goed voor de 
+vooruitgang.</p>
+
+<p>
+Uiteindelijk, wanneer de techniek om kleine betalingen te doen 
geperfectioneerd 
+is, zal de hele reden voor beperking op het kopi&euml;ren komen te vervallen. 
+Wanneer je een boek leuk vindt en er verschijnt een scherm op je computer met 
de 
+vraag &ldquo;Klik hier om de auteur een dollar te geven&rdquo;, zou je dan 
niet 
+klikken? Boeken en muziek onder auteursrecht, waar het het kopi&euml;ren 
+betreft, worden daarmee totaal overbodig. En geen moment te vroeg!</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+
+<div id="footer">
+<p>
+Gelieve vragen over FSF &amp; GNU te sturen naar 
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+Er zijn ook nog <a href="/contact/">andere manieren om in contact te komen</a> 
+met de FSF.
+<br />
+Gelieve meldingen van verkeerde links en andere verbeteringen (of suggesties)
+te sturen aan: <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Zie <a href="/server/standards/README.translations">Translations
+README</a> voor nadere informatie over het eventueel vertalen van dit artikel.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Copyright &copy; 1999 Richard M. Stallman
+<br />
+Het letterlijk overnemen en kopi&euml;ren van dit artikel is toegestaan op
+willekeurig welk medium op voorwaarde dat deze mededeling ook wordt meegenomen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:21:00 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div id="translations">
+  <h4>Vertalingen van dit artikel</h4>
+
+  <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
+  <!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
+  <!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
+  <!-- English is.  If you add a new language here, please -->
+  <!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
+  <!--    - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
+  <!--    - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
+  <!--      one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
+  <!--    - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
+  <!--      to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
+  <!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
+  <!--     http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
+
+<ul class="translations-list">
+<!-- German -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</li>
+<!-- English -->
+<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</li>
+<!-- Spanish -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.es.html">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>&nbsp;[es]</li>
+<!-- French -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>&nbsp;[fr]</li>
+<!-- Croatian -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.hr.html">Hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</li>
+<!-- Italian -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html">Italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
+<!-- Japanese -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
+<!-- Korean -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>&nbsp;[ko]</li>
+<!-- Dutch -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.nl.html">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</li>
+<!-- Polish -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.pl.html">Polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</li>
+<!-- Russian -->
+<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html">&#x0420;&#x0443;&#x0441;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;&#x0439;</a>&nbsp;[ru]</li>
+</ul>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>

Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html    4 Feb 2008 06:21:00 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-2" ?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+       "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml";>
+
+<head>
+<title>Wolno¶æ czy prawa autorskie?
+               - Projekt GNU - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
+       <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-2" 
/>
+       <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/gnu.css" />
+       <link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
+       <link rev="translated" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
+       <!-- transl.: wkotwica -->
+</head>
+
+<body xml:lang="pl" lang="pl">
+
+<p><a href="#translations">T³umaczenia</a> tej strony</p>
+
+<h2>Wolno¶æ czy prawa autorskie?</h2>
+<p><a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<p>
+<a href="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.pl.html">
+<img src="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
+       alt=" [rysunek: filozofuj±ca GNU] "
+       width="160" height="200" /></a>
+</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>
+Dawno, dawno temu, w czasach prasy drukarskiej, dla bran¿y wydawniczej 
ustanowiono pewne przepisy prawne reguluj±ce jej dzia³anie. Nazwano je prawem 
autorskim, copyright (ang. &bdquo;prawo o kopiowaniu&rdquo;). Celem tej 
regulacji przemys³owej by³o wspieranie publikacji ró¿norodnych prac pisanych. 
Metod± by³a wprowadzona konieczno¶æ uzyskiwania przez wydawców zgody autora na 
przedruk nowszych prac.</p>
+<p>
+Zwykli czytelnicy nie mieli powodów do niezadowolenia, gdy¿ prawo autorskie 
ogranicza³o tylko publikacjê, a&nbsp;nie to, co móg³by zrobiæ czytelnik. Nawet 
je¶li podnios³o to nieco cenê ksi±¿ki, by³y to tylko pieni±dze. Prawo autorskie 
dzia³a³o dla dobra publicznego, zgodnie z&nbsp;zamierzeniami, i&nbsp;by³o 
stosunkowo bezbolesne dla spo³eczeñstwa. Dobrze spe³nia³o swoje 
zadania&nbsp;&ndash; wówczas.</p>
+<p>
+Potem pojawi³ siê nowy sposób rozpowszechniania informacji: komputery 
i&nbsp;sieci. Zalet± technologii cyfrowych jest ³atwo¶æ kopiowania 
i&nbsp;przetwarzania informacji, w&nbsp;tym równie¿ oprogramowania, nagrañ 
muzycznych i&nbsp;ksi±¿ek. Sieci zaoferowa³y mo¿liwo¶æ nieograniczonego dostêpu 
do wszelkiego rodzaju danych&nbsp;&ndash; informacyjn± utopiê.</p>
+<p>
+Jednak na drodze sta³a jedna przeszkoda: prawo autorskie. Czytelnicy, którzy 
korzystali ze swych komputerów do dzielenia siê opublikowan± informacj± 
z&nbsp;innymi byli, z&nbsp;formalnego punktu widzenia, lud¼mi ³ami±cymi prawo 
autorskie. ¦wiat siê zmieni³, a&nbsp;to, co niegdy¶ by³o regulacj± przemys³ow± 
dotycz±c± wydawców, sta³o siê restrykcj± na³o¿on± na spo³eczeñstwo, któremu 
mia³o s³u¿yæ.</p>
+<p>
+W demokracji, prawo, które zabrania popularnej, naturalnej i&nbsp;przydatnej 
dzia³alno¶ci jest zwykle wkrótce rozlu¼niane. Jednak potê¿ne lobby wydawców 
by³o zdecydowane nie dopu¶ciæ do tego, by spo³eczeñstwo wykorzystywa³o zalety 
tkwi±ce w&nbsp;mo¿liwo¶ciach komputerów. Zauwa¿yli, ¿e odpowiedni± broni± jest 
prawo autorskie. Pod ich wp³ywem, zamiast rozlu¼niæ system praw autorskich, 
rz±dy zaostrzy³y je jeszcze bardziej ni¿ kiedykolwiek wcze¶niej, nak³adaj±c 
surowe kary na czytelników przy³apanych na dzieleniu siê informacj±.</p>
+<p>
+Ale na tym siê nie skoñczy³o. Komputery mog± potê¿nymi narzêdziami dominacji, 
gdy niewielka grupa osób kontroluje to, co robi± komputery innych. Wydawcy 
u¶wiadomili sobie, ¿e narzucaj±c ludziom u¿ywanie do czytania ksi±¿ek 
elektronicznych (e-books) specjalnie zaprojektowanego oprogramowania, mog± 
zyskaæ nies³ychan± w³adzê: przymuszania czytelnika do zidentyfikowania siê 
i&nbsp;zap³acenia, za ka¿dym razem, gdy chce przeczytaæ ksi±¿kê!</p>
+<p>
+Oto marzenie wydawców, którzy nak³onili rz±d USA do przyjêcia w roku 1998 
prawa Digital Millennium Copyright Act (Akt o&nbsp;prawach autorskich 
w&nbsp;cyfrowym tysi±cleciu). Ten akt daje im absolutn± w³adzê prawn± nad 
niemal wszystkim, co czytelnik móg³by zrobiæ z&nbsp;ksi±¿k± elektroniczn±. 
Nawet czytanie bez przyznanego zezwolenia jest przestêpstwem!</p>
+<p>
+Nadal mamy te same stare swobody w korzystaniu z papierowych ksi±¿ek. Ale 
je¶li ksi±¿ki elektroniczne zast±pi± drukowane, niewiele bêdzie po¿ytku 
z&nbsp;tego wyj±tku. Dziêki &bdquo;elektronicznemu atramentowi&rdquo;, który 
daje mo¿liwo¶æ
+¶ci±gniêcia nowego tekstu na pozornie &bdquo;zadrukowany&rdquo; kawa³ek 
papieru, nawet gazety mog± staæ siê efemeryczne. Wyobra¼cie sobie: nie bêdzie 
ju¿ sklepów z&nbsp;u¿ywanymi ksi±¿kami, ¿adnego po¿yczania ksi±¿ki 
przyjacielowi, ¿adnego wypo¿yczania z&nbsp;biblioteki publicznej&nbsp;&ndash; 
¿adnych &bdquo;szczelin&rdquo;, które dawa³yby komu¶ szanse czytania bez 
p³acenia. (A&nbsp;s±dz±c po reklamach czytnika Microsoft Reader, nie bêdzie te¿ 
mo¿liwo¶ci anonimowego kupna ksi±¿ek). Oto ¶wiat, jaki zamy¶laj± dla nas 
wydawcy.</p>
+<p>
+Dlaczego tak niewiele jest publicznych debat na temat tak donios³ych zmian? 
Wiêkszo¶æ obywateli nie mia³a jeszcze sposobno¶ci borykaæ siê 
z&nbsp;politycznymi kwestiami, jakie niesie ze sob± ta futurystyczna 
technologia. Oprócz tego, spo³eczeñstwo uczono my¶leæ, ¿e prawa autorskie 
istniej±, by &bdquo;chroniæ&rdquo; ich posiadaczy, z&nbsp;czego wynika, ¿e 
interesy samej spo³eczno¶ci siê nie licz±.</p>
+<p>
+Jednak kiedy ogó³ spo³eczeñstwa zacznie korzystaæ z&nbsp;elektronicznych 
ksi±¿ek i&nbsp;odkryje, jakie rz±dy przygotowali dla nich wydawcy, ludzie 
zaczn± siê sprzeciwiaæ. Ludzko¶æ nie bêdzie znosiæ tego jarzma wiecznie.</p>
+<p>
+Wydawcy bêd± chcieli, by¶my uwierzyli, ¿e pe³ne zakazów prawo autorskie jest 
jedynym sposobem na utrzymanie przy ¿yciu twórczo¶ci artystycznej, ale nie 
potrzebujemy Wojny o&nbsp;Kopiowanie, ¿eby wspieraæ ró¿norodno¶æ wydawanych 
dzie³. Jak pokaza³ przypadek grupy muzycznej Grateful Dead, prywatne kopiowanie 
miêdzy mi³o¶nikami niekoniecznie jest problemem dla artystów. Dziêki 
legalizacji kopiowania ksi±¿ek elektronicznych miêdzy przyjació³mi mo¿emy 
z&nbsp;powrotem przekszta³ciæ prawo autorskie w&nbsp;regulacjê przemys³ow±, 
jak± by³o niegdy¶.</p>
+<p>
+W stosunku do niektórych rodzajów pi¶miennictwa powinni¶my posun±æ siê nawet 
dalej. W&nbsp;przypadku prac naukowych i&nbsp;monografii ka¿dy powinien byæ 
zachêcany do udostêpniania w&nbsp;sieci wiernych kopii. Ponowna publikacja prac 
w&nbsp;taki w³a¶nie sposób pomaga chroniæ osi±gniêcia naukowe, równocze¶nie 
czyni±c je bardziej dostêpnymi. Dla podrêczników i&nbsp;wiêkszo¶ci informatorów 
powinna byæ dozwolona tak¿e publikacja zmienionych wersji, gdy¿ to przyczynia 
siê do ich ulepszania.</p>
+<p>
+I na koniec, kiedy sieci komputerowe udostêpni± nam metodê ³atwego przes³ania 
niewielkiej sumy pieniêdzy, zniknie ca³e uzasadnienie ograniczania wiernego 
kopiowania. Je¶li spodoba³aby siê wam ksi±¿ka, a&nbsp;na ekranie komputera 
ukaza³oby siê okienko z napisem &bdquo;Kliknij tu, by daæ autorowi jednego 
dolara&rdquo;, nie kliknêliby¶cie? Prawo autorskie reguluj±ce kopiowanie 
ksi±¿ek i&nbsp;muzyki, odnosz±c siê do dystrybucji wiernych niezmienionych 
kopii, stanie siê ca³kowicie przestarza³e. Odpowiedni czas ju¿ nadszed³!</p>
+<!-- I&nbsp;nie jest na to ani trochê za wcze¶nie! -->
+
+<hr />
+<p><b><a href="/philosophy/philosophy.pl.html#Laws">Inne teksty</a></b></p>
+<hr />
+
+<div class="translations">
+<p><a id="translations"></a>
+<b>T³umaczenia tej strony</b>:<br />
+[
+  <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.de.html">Deutsch</a>
+| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">English</a>
+| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.es.html">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>
+| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.fr.html">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>
+| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.it.html">Italiano</a>
+| <a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ja.html">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>
+| <a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ko.html">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>
+| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.pl.html">Polski</a>
+| <a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html">&#x0420;&#x0443;&#x0441;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;&#x0439;</a>
+]
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="copyright">
+<p>
+Powrót do <a href="/home.pl.html">strony g³ównej Projektu GNU</a>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Pytania dotycz±ce GNU i FSF prosimy kierowaæ na adres <a 
href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+Istniej± tak¿e <a href="/home.pl.html#ContactInfo">inne sposoby skontaktowania 
siê</a> z&nbsp;FSF.
+<br />
+Uwagi dotycz±ce naszych stron internetowych prosimy wysy³aæ na adres <a 
href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>, natomiast inne 
pytania na adres
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.</p>
+<p>
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
+<br />
+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
+<br />
+Zezwala siê na wykonywanie i&nbsp;dystrybucjê wiernych kopii tego tekstu,
+niezale¿nie od no¶nika, pod warunkiem zachowania niniejszego zezwolenia.
+</p>
+<p>
+T³umaczenie:
+<a href="/server/standards/README.Polish-translation.pl.html"><em>Grupa 
t³umaczy witryny Projektu GNU</em></a>
+(<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>).
+<br />
+</p>
+<p>
+Aktualizowane:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2008/02/04 06:21:00 $ $Author: yavor $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+
+</body>
+</html>

Index: freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html
===================================================================
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diff -N freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ freedom-or-copyright-old.ru.html    4 Feb 2008 06:21:00 -0000       1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
+<HTML LANG="ru">
+<HEAD>
+<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=koi8-r">
+<TITLE>ó×ÏÂÏÄÁ ÉÌÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á? - ðÒÏÅËÔ GNU - æÏÎÄ ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏÇÏ ðï 
(FSF)</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
+
+<H3>ó×ÏÂÏÄÁ ÉÌÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á?<BR>
+(<A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">Freedom-Or 
Copyright?</A>)</H3>
+
+<P>
+<STRONG>òÉÞÁÒÄ óÔÏÌÌÍÅÎ</STRONG> (<A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard 
Stallman</A>)
+
+<P>
+óÅÒÇÅÊ ëÏÒÏÐ (ÐÅÒ. Ó ÁÎÇÌ.)
+
+<P>
+
+<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
+   ALT=" [image of a Philosophical Gnu] "
+   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<P>
+ëÏÇÄÁ-ÔÏ ÄÁ×ÎÙÍ-ÄÁ×ÎÏ, ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÅÎÁ ÐÅÞÁÔÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÅÓÓÁ, ÓÒÅÄÉ ÐÉÓÁÔÅÌÅÊ É × ÏÔÒÁÓÌÉ
+ËÎÉÇÏÉÚÄÁÔÅÌØÓÔ×Á ÂÙÌ ××ÅÄÅÎ ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍ ÒÅÇÕÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ×ÚÁÉÍÏÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÊ. åÇÏ 
+ÎÁÚ×ÁÌÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÍ ÐÒÁ×ÏÍ. îÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅÍ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÇÏ ÐÒÁ×Á ÂÙÌÏ ÐÏÏÝÒÑÔØ 
+ÐÕÂÌÉËÁÃÉÀ ÒÁÚÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÐÉÓØÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÔÒÕÄÏ×. íÅÔÏÄ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÇÏ ÐÒÁ×Á ÓÏÓÔÏÑÌ × 
+ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌÉ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÌÉ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅ Á×ÔÏÒÏ× ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÈ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ.
+
+<P>
+òÑÄÏ×ÙÅ ÞÉÔÁÔÅÌÉ ÎÅ ÉÍÅÌÉ ÐÒÉÞÉÎ ÄÌÑ ÎÅÄÏ×ÏÌØÓÔ×Á, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á
+ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÉ×ÁÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÕÂÌÉËÁÃÉÀ, ÎÏ ÎÅ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÕ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÊ ÞÉÔÁÔÅÌÑ. åÓÌÉ ÎÅÍÎÏÇÏ É
+Õ×ÅÌÉÞÉ×ÁÌÁÓØ ÃÅÎÁ ËÎÉÇÉ, ÜÔÏ ÂÙÌÉ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÌÉÛØ ÄÅÎØÇÉ. á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÅ ÐÒÁ×Ï ÄÁ×ÁÌÏ
+×ÙÇÏÄÕ ÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Õ, ËÁË ÂÙÌÏ ÚÁÄÕÍÁÎÏ, ÎÅ ÓÉÌØÎÏ ÅÇÏ ÏÂÒÅÍÅÎÑÑ. æÕÎËÃÉÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÇÏ
+ÐÒÁ×Á × ÔÅ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÁ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÌÉÓØ ÎÉÍ ÈÏÒÏÛÏ.
+
+<P>
+÷ÐÏÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ÐÏÑ×ÉÌÉÓØ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÙ ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ: ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ
+É ÓÅÔÉ. ðÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÃÉÆÒÏ×ÙÈ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÔÅÈÎÏÌÏÇÉÊ × ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎÉ 
ÏÂÌÅÇÞÁÀÔ
+ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ É ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÕ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ, 
ÍÕÚÙËÁÌØÎÙÅ
+ÚÁÐÉÓÉ É ËÎÉÇÉ. óÅÔÉ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÎÅÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÎÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ
+ËÏ ×ÓÅÍ ×ÉÄÁÍ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ --- Ó×ÏÅÇÏ ÒÏÄÁ, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÏÎÎÕÀ ÕÔÏÐÉÀ.
+
+<P>
+îÏ ÎÁ ÐÕÔÉ ÓÔÏÑÌÁ ÏÄÎÁ ÐÒÅÇÒÁÄÁ: Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á. þÉÔÁÔÅÌÉ, ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×Á×ÛÉÅÓÑ
+Ó×ÏÉÍÉ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÍÅÎÁ ÏÐÕÂÌÉËÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÂÙÌÉ, Ó ÆÏÒÍÁÌØÎÏÊ
+ÔÏÞËÉ ÚÒÅÎÉÑ, ÎÁÒÕÛÉÔÅÌÑÍÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÈ ÐÒÁ×. íÉÒ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÌÓÑ, É ÔÏ, ÞÔÏ ÂÙÌÏ
+ÒÁÎÅÅ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ ÒÅÇÕÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌØÓËÏÊ ÄÅÑÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ, ÐÒÅ×ÒÁÔÉÌÏÓØ × 
+ÐÏÍÅÈÕ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Á, ËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ ÐÒÉÚ×ÁÎÏ ÓÌÕÖÉÔØ.
+
+<P>
+÷ ÄÅÍÏËÒÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÑÈ ÚÁËÏÎ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÚÁÐÒÅÝÁÅÔ ÐÏÐÕÌÑÒÎÕÀ, ÅÓÔÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÕÀ É
+ÐÏÌÅÚÎÕÀ ÄÅÑÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ, ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ×ÓËÏÒÅ ÏÓÌÁÂÌÑÅÔÓÑ. îÏ ÍÏÝÎÏÅ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌØÓËÏÅ ÌÏÂÂÉ
+ÂÙÌÏ ÐÏÌÎÏ ÒÅÛÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÐÏÍÅÛÁÔØ ÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Õ ÉÚ×ÌÅËÁÔØ ÐÏÌØÚÕ ÉÚ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÅÊ 
+ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÏ×, ÄÌÑ ÞÅÇÏ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÅ ÐÒÁ×Ï ÂÙÌÏ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÍ ÏÒÕÖÉÅÍ. ðÏÄ ÉÈ ×ÌÉÑÎÉÅÍ
+×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÔÏÇÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÏÓÌÁÂÉÔØ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÈ ÐÒÁ× ÄÌÑ ÅÅ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÑ ÔÅËÕÝÉÍ
+ÏÂÓÔÏÑÔÅÌØÓÔ×ÁÍ, ÐÒÁ×ÉÔÅÌØÓÔ×Á ÓÄÅÌÁÌÉ ÅÅ ÄÁÖÅ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÉÌØÎÏÊ, ÞÅÍ ÒÁÎÅÅ,
+ÐÏÄ×ÅÒÇÁÑ ÖÅÓÔÏËÉÍ ÎÁËÁÚÁÎÉÑÍ ÞÉÔÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ÐÏÊÍÁÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ ÏÂÍÅÎÅ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ.
+
+<P>
+îÏ ÄÅÌÏ ÜÔÉÍ ÎÅ ÚÁËÏÎÞÉÌÏÓØ. ëÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÍÏÝÎÙÍ ÒÙÞÁÇÏÍ ×ÌÁÓÔÉ, 
+ËÏÇÄÁ ÎÅÍÎÏÇÉÅ ÌÀÄÉ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÀÔ, ÞÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÀÔ ÓÏ Ó×ÏÉÍÉ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÍÉ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ.
+éÚÄÁÔÅÌÉ ÐÏÎÑÌÉ, ÞÔÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ÌÀÄÅÊ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÙÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ
+ÄÌÑ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÙÈ ËÎÉÇ, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÂÅÓÐÒÉÍÅÒÎÕÀ ×ÌÁÓÔØ: ÏÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ
+ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ÞÉÔÁÔÅÌÅÊ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÆÉÃÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÓÅÂÑ É ÐÌÁÔÉÔØ ËÁÖÄÙÊ ÒÁÚ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÏÎÉ
+ÞÉÔÁÀÔ ËÎÉÇÕ!
+
+<P>
+
+ôÁËÏ×Á ÍÅÞÔÁ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌÅÊ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÕÂÅÄÉÌÉ ÐÒÁ×ÉÔÅÌØÓÔ×Ï óûá ÐÒÉÎÑÔØ × 
+1998&nbsp;ÇÏÄÕ ÚÁËÏÎ Digital Millennium Copyright Act (áËÔ Ï Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÈ
+ÐÒÁ×ÁÈ × ÃÉÆÒÏ×ÏÍ ÔÙÓÑÞÅÌÅÔÉÉ). üÔÏÔ ÚÁËÏÎ ÄÁÅÔ ÉÍ ÁÂÓÏÌÀÔÎÕÀ ÐÒÁ×Ï×ÕÀ ×ÌÁÓÔØ
+ÐÏÞÔÉ ÎÁÄ ×ÓÅÍÉ ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÉÑÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÞÉÔÁÔÅÌØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÏÄÅÌÁÔØ Ó ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÏÊ
+ËÎÉÇÏÊ. äÁÖÅ ÅÅ ÎÅÓÁÎËÃÉÏÎÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÅ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÓÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÅÓÔÕÐÎÙÍ!
+
+<P>
+íÙ ÐÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÅÍ ÉÍÅÔØ ÓÔÁÒÙÅ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÙ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÂÕÍÁÖÎÙÍÉ ËÎÉÇÁÍÉ. îÏ ÅÓÌÉ
+ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÙÅ ËÎÉÇÉ ÚÁÍÅÎÑÔ ÐÅÞÁÔÎÙÅ, ÐÏÌØÚÙ ÏÔ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÎÅÍÎÏÇÏ.
+âÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÑ "ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÙÍ ÞÅÒÎÉÌÁÍ", ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÀÔ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØ ÎÏ×ÙÊ
+ÔÅËÓÔ × Ñ×ÎÏÍ "ÐÅÞÁÔÎÏÍ" ×ÉÄÅ ÎÁ ÌÉÓÔ ÂÕÍÁÇÉ, ÄÁÖÅ ÇÁÚÅÔÙ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÓÔÁÔØ 
+ÜÆÅÍÅÒÎÙÍÉ. ðÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ØÔÅ ÓÅÂÅ: ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÎÅ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÍÁÇÁÚÉÎÏ×, × ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÔÏÒÇÕÀÔ
+ÓÔÁÒÙÍÉ ËÎÉÇÁÍÉ; ÎÅÌØÚÑ ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÚÁÎÉÍÁÔØ ËÎÉÇ Õ ÐÒÉÑÔÅÌÑ; ÎÅÌØÚÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÉÈ
+× ÐÕÂÌÉÞÎÏÊ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÅ --- ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÎÅÔ "ÌÁÚÅÅË", ÂÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÑ
+ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÐÏÞÉÔÁÔØ, ÎÅ ÚÁÐÌÁÔÉ×. (é ÓÏÇÌÁÓÎÏ ÒÅËÌÁÍÅ Microsoft Reader, 
+ÂÏÌÅÅ ×ÏÏÂÝÅ ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÐÒÉÏÂÒÅÓÔÉ ËÎÉÇÕ ÁÎÏÎÉÍÎÏ.) 
+ôÁËÏ× ÍÉÒ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌÉ ÚÁÍÙÛÌÑÀÔ ÓÏÚÄÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÎÁÓ.
+
+<P>
+îÏ ÐÏÞÅÍÕ × ÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Å ÓÔÏÌØ ÒÅÄËÉ ÏÂÓÕÖÄÅÎÉÑ ÓÔÏÌØ ×ÁÖÎÙÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎ?
+âÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÇÒÁÖÄÁÎ ÅÝÅ ÎÅ ÓÔÁÌËÉ×ÁÌÉÓØ ÂÌÉÚËÏ Ó ÐÏÌÉÔÉÞÅÓËÉÍÉ ×ÏÐÒÏÓÁÍÉ,
+ÐÏÒÏÖÄÅÎÎÙÍÉ ÜÔÏÊ ÆÕÔÕÒÉÓÔÉÞÅÓËÏÊ ÔÅÈÎÏÌÏÇÉÅÊ. ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ, ÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Ï
+ÐÒÉÕÞÉÌÉ Ë ÍÙÓÌÉ, ÞÔÏ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÅ ÐÒÁ×Ï ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ, ÞÔÏÂÙ "ÚÁÝÉÝÁÔØ" ÅÇÏ 
+×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÅ×, ÐÒÉ ÜÔÏÍ ÐÒÅÄÐÏÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÉÎÔÅÒÅÓÙ ÓÁÍÏÇÏ ÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Á ÎÅ × ÓÞÅÔ.
+
+<P>
+îÏ ËÏÇÄÁ ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Ï ÌÀÄÅÊ ÎÁÞÎÅÔ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÙÍÉ ËÎÉÇÁÍÉ É 
ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÉÔ,
+ËÁËÏÊ ÒÅÖÉÍ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌÉ ÉÍ ÕÇÏÔÏ×ÉÌÉ, ÏÎÉ ÎÁÞÎÕÔ ÓÏÐÒÏÔÉ×ÌÑÔØÓÑ. ïÂÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÎÅ 
+ÓÏÇÌÁÓÉÔÓÑ ÎÁÄÅÔØ ÜÔÏ ÑÒÍÏ ÎÁ×ÅÞÎÏ.
+
+<P>
+éÚÄÁÔÅÌÉ ÈÏÔÅÌÉ ÂÙ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ × ÎÁÓ ×ÅÒÕ, ÞÔÏ ÚÁÐÒÅÝÁÀÝÉÅ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á 
+ÓÕÔØ ÅÄÉÎÓÔ×ÅÎÎÙÊ ÓÐÏÓÏ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÑ × ÖÉ×ÙÈ ÉÓËÕÓÓÔ×Á Ô×ÏÒÞÅÓÔ×Á, ÎÏ ÎÁÍ ÎÅ 
+ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÷ÏÊÎÁ Ó ëÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÏÝÒÑÔØ ÒÁÚÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÉÅ ÏÐÕÂÌÉËÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ
+ÒÁÂÏÔ. ëÁË ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÉÚ ÏÐÙÔÁ ÍÕÚÙËÁÌØÎÏÊ ÇÒÕÐÐÙ Grateful Dead, ÐÒÉ×ÁÔÎÏÅ
+ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ × ÓÒÅÄÅ ÐÏËÌÏÎÎÉËÏ× ÎÅ ÏÂÑÚÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÏÊ ÄÌÑ ÁÒÔÉÓÔÏ×.
+ðÕÔÅÍ ÌÅÇÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÓËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÜÌÅËÔÒÏÎÎÙÅ ËÎÉÇÉ ÄÒÕÚØÑÍ ÍÙ ÍÏÖÅÍ
+ÓÎÏ×Á ÐÒÅ×ÒÁÔÉÔØ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á × ÓÐÏÓÏ ÒÅÇÕÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÏÔÒÁÓÌÉ ÐÒÏÍÙÛÌÅÎÎÏÓÔÉ,
+ËÁËÉÍ ÏÎÉ ÕÖÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÏÄÎÁÖÄÙ.
+
+<P>
+äÌÑ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ×ÉÄÏ× ÐÉÓØÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÒÁÂÏÔ ÍÙ ÍÏÖÅÍ ÓÄÅÌÁÔØ ÄÁÖÅ ÂÏÌØÛÅ. óÌÅÄÕÅÔ
+ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ËÁÖÄÏÍÕ ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÎÏ ÐÕÂÌÉËÏ×ÁÔØ × ÓÅÔÉ ÎÁÕÞÎÙÅ ÓÔÁÔØÉ ÉÌÉ ÍÏÎÏÇÒÁÆÉÉ
+(× ÔÏÍ ÞÉÓÌÅ ÎÁÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ,---<em>ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÞÉË ÂÌÁÇÏÄÁÒÉÔ RMS ÚÁ 
ÐÏÑÓÎÅÎÉÅ</em>),
+ÜÔÏ ÐÏÍÏÖÅÔ ÚÁÝÉÔÉÔØ ÎÁÕÞÎÙÅ ÄÏÓÔÉÖÅÎÉÑ, ÓÄÅÌÁ× ÉÈ ÂÏÌÅÅ
+ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÙÍÉ. äÌÑ ÕÞÅÂÎÉËÏ× É ÂÏÌØÛÉÎÓÔ×Á ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÏ× ÐÕÂÌÉËÁÃÉÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÈ 
+×ÅÒÓÉÊ ÔÁËÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÁ ÂÙÔØ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÁ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÔÅÍ ÓÁÍÙÍ ÐÏÏÝÒÑÅÔÓÑ ÉÈ 
ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÅ.
+
+<P>
+÷ ËÏÎÅÞÎÏÍ ÓÞÅÔÅ, ËÏÇÄÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÎÙÅ ÓÅÔÉ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÁÔ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÌÅÇËÏ ÐÏÓÌÁÔØ
+ËÏÍÕ-ÔÏ ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÕÀ ÓÕÍÍÕ ÄÅÎÅÇ, ÉÓÞÅÚÎÅÔ ÓÁÍÁ ÐÏ ÓÅÂÅ ÐÒÉÞÉÎÁ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÉ×ÁÔØ
+ÄÏÓÌÏ×ÎÏÅ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ. åÓÌÉ ×ÁÍ ÎÒÁ×ÉÔÓÑ ËÎÉÇÁ, É Õ ×ÁÓ ÎÁ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÅ ÐÏÑ×ÉÔÓÑ
+ÏËÎÏ Ó ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅÍ "îÁÖÍÉÔÅ ÓÀÄÁ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÄÁÔØ Á×ÔÏÒÕ ÏÄÉÎ ÄÏÌÌÁÒ", ÔÏ ÐÏÞÅÍÕ ÂÙ
+×ÁÍ ÔÁË ÎÅ ÐÏÓÔÕÐÉÔØ? á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÅ ÐÒÁ×Ï ÎÁ ËÎÉÇÉ ÌÉÂÏ ÍÕÚÙËÕ, ËÁË ÏÎÏ ÐÒÉÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ
+Ë ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÀ ÔÏÞÎÙÈ ËÏÐÉÊ, ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÕÓÔÁÒÅÅÔ. é ÐÏÄÈÏÄÑÝÉÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ ÕÖÅ
+ÎÁÓÔÕÐÉÌ!
+
+<P>
+
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman. Verbatim copying and redistribution
+of this entire article is permitted in any medium if this notice is
+preserved.
+
+<P>
+
+&copy;&nbsp;2000 òÉÞÁÒÄ óÔÏÌÌÍÅÎ. 
+òÁÚÒÅÛÁÅÔÓÑ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ É ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÅ ÜÔÏÊ ÓÔÁÔØÉ ÌÀÂÙÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ ÂÅÚ 
+×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ, ÐÒÉ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÉ, ÞÔÏ ÜÔÏ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÅÔÓÑ.
+
+
+
+<P>
+
+<HR>
+
+<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.ru.html#Laws">äÒÕÇÉÅ ÔÅËÓÔÙ</A></H4>
+
+<HR>
+÷ÏÚ×ÒÁÔ Ë 
+<A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/home.html";>ÔÉÔÕÌØÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ GNU</A> 
+ (áÎÇÌ.).
+<P>
+÷ÏÐÒÏÓÙ Ï ÄÅÑÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ FSF É ÐÒÏÅËÔÅ GNU ÎÁÐÒÁ×ÌÑÊÔÅ ÐÏ ÁÄÒÅÓÕ 
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>,
+ÌÉÂÏ Ó×ÑÖÉÔÅÓØ Ó FSF 
+<A HREF="http://www.gnu.org/home.html#ContactInfo";>ÉÎÙÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ</A>.
+
+<P> <B> ÷ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ!</B> üÔÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁ îå ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ FSF, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÎÅ
+ÎÅÓÅÔ ÎÉËÁËÏÊ ÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏÓÔÉ ÚÁ ÅÅ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÅ É/ÉÌÉ ÏÆÏÒÍÌÅÎÉÅ.
+
+<P> <B>âÅÔÁ-×ÅÒÓÉÑ!</B> üÔÁ ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ
+ÍÏÖÅÔ × ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÍ ÐÏÄ×ÅÒÇÁÔØÓÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÍ. åÓÌÉ ÷Ù ÚÁÉÎÔÅÒÅÓÏ×ÁÎÙ
+× ÅÅ ÐÕÂÌÉËÁÃÉÉ, ÓÏÏÂÝÉÔÅ Ï ÜÔÏÍ, É Ñ ×ÙÛÌÀ ÷ÁÍ ÐÏ ÏËÏÎÞÁÎÉÉ
+ÒÁÂÏÔÙ ÇÏÔÏ×ÕÀ ×ÅÒÓÉÀ. åÓÌÉ Õ ÷ÁÓ ÅÓÔØ ËÏÎÓÔÒÕËÔÉ×ÎÙÅ ÚÁÍÅÞÁÎÉÑ 
+ÐÏ ÓÔÉÌÀ É ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Õ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÁ---<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>ÐÉÛÉÔÅ</A>.
+
+<P>
+Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
+
+<P>
+&copy; 2000 ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ÎÁ ÒÕÓÓËÉÊ ÑÚÙË: óÅÒÇÅÊ ëÏÒÏÐ 
+<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</A>.<BR>
+<P>
+òÁÚÒÅÛÁÅÔÓÑ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ É ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÅÎÉÅ ÜÔÏÊ ÓÔÁÔØÉ ÌÀÂÙÍ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ ÂÅÚ 
+×ÎÅÓÅÎÉÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ, ÐÒÉ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÉ, ÞÔÏ ÜÔÏ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÅÔÓÑ.
+<P>
+Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
+<P>
+ðÅÒÅ×ÏÄ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎ ÐÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÓÔÁÔØÉ ÏÔ 23 ÁÐÒÅÌÑ 2000.
+<HR>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>

Index: freedom-or-copyright.de.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.de.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.de.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.de.html        6 Feb 2003 22:32:46 -0000       1.2
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,192 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
-<HTML>
-<HEAD>
-<TITLE>Freiheit oder Copyright? - GNU Projekt - Free Software Foundation 
-(FSF)</TITLE>
-<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
-</HEAD>
-<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
-
-<H3>Freiheit &#150; oder Copyright?</H3>
-
-<P>
-von <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";><STRONG>Richard Stallman </STRONG></A>
-
-<P>
-
-<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
-   ALT=" [Bild eines philosophischen Gnus] "
-   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical!!!  -->
-[ 
- <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html">Deutsch</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Englisch</A>
-| <A HREf="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html">Russisch</A>
-] 
-
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-
-<P>
-
-Es war einmal, im Zeitalter der Druckpresse, dass eine wirtschaftliche
-Regulierung für das Geschäft des Schreibens und Veröffentlichens erlassen
-wurde. Sie wurde Copyright genannt. Zweck des Copyrights war es, die
-Veröffentlichung einer Vielzahl verschiedener Werke anzuregen. Dies
-erreichte das Copyright, indem es die Verleger verpflichtete, die
-Erlaubnis der Autoren einzuholen, wenn sie ein neueres Werk nachdrucken
-wollten.
-
-<P>
-
-Gewöhnliche Leser hatten kaum Grund zum Unwillen, da das Copyright nur die
-Veröffentlichung einschränkte, nicht aber die Möglichkeiten der Leser.
-Vielleicht erhöhte es den Preis eines Buches geringfügig, aber das war nur
-Geld. Das Copyright brachte allgemeinen Nutzen, wie beabsichtigt, ohne die
-Öffentlichkeit groß zu belasten. Es erfüllte seinen Zweck gut &#150;
-damals.
-
-<P>
-
-Dann entstand eine neue Art, Informationen zu verbreiten: Computer und
-Netzwerke. Der Vorteil der digitalen Informationstechnologie ist es, dass
-sie das Kopieren und Verändern von Informationen erleichtert &#150;
-einschließlich Software, musikalische Aufnahmen und Bücher. Netzwerke
-boten die Möglichkeit des unbegrenzten Zugriffs auf alle Arten von Daten
-&#150; eine Informations-Utopie.
-
-<P>
-
-Aber ein Hindernis stand im Weg: das Copyright. Leser, die ihre Computer
-gebrauchten, um veröffentlichte Informationen miteinander zu teilen,
-verstießen strenggenommen gegen das Copyright. Die Welt hatte sich
-verändert und was einst eine wirtschaftliche Regulierung der Verleger
-gewesen war, war zu einer Einschränkung der Öffentlichkeit geworden, der
-es doch nutzen sollte.
-
-<P> 
-
-In einer Demokratie wird ein Gesetz, das eine beliebte, natürliche und
-nützliche Aktivität verbietet, in aller Regel schnell gelockert. Aber die
-mächtige Verlegerlobby war entschlossen zu verhindern, dass die
-Öffentlichkeit die Vorteile der Computertechnik ausnutzte, und fand im
-Copyright eine geeignete Waffe. Unter ihrem Einfluss verschärften die
-Regierungen das Copyright noch, statt es zur Anpassung an die veränderte
-Situation zu lockern. Lesern, die beim Teilen erwischt wurden, drohten
-hohe Strafen.
-
-<P>
-
-Aber das war noch nicht alles. Computer können mächtige Mittel der
-Beherrschung sein, wenn einige wenige Leute kontrollieren, was die
-Computer der anderen tun. Den Verlegern wurde klar, dass sie eine nie
-da gewesene Machtposition erlangen können, indem sie die Menschen zwingen,
-besondere Software zum Lesen der E-Bücher zu benutzen: sie können die Leser
-zwingen, jedesmal zu bezahlen &#150; und sich zu identifizieren &#150;,
-wenn sie ein Buch lesen!
-
-<P>
-
-Das ist es, wovon Verleger träumen, und so bewegten sie die US-Regierung
-1998 dazu, den Digital Millennium Copyright Act zu erlassen. Dieses Gesetz
-gibt ihnen absolute juristische Macht über praktisch alles, was eine
-Leserin mit ihrem E-Buch machen kann. Sogar es ohne Erlaubnis zu lesen ist
-ein Verbrechen!
-<P>
-
-Wir haben noch die alten Freiheiten, wenn wir Bücher aus Papier verwenden.
-Aber falls E-Bücher die gedruckten ersetzen, wird diese Ausnahme nicht
-mehr viel bringen. Mit »elektronischer Tinte«, die es ermöglicht, einen
-neuen Text auf scheinbar bedrucktes Stück Papier downzuloaden, könnten
-sogar Zeitungen flüchtig werden. Stellen Sie sich vor: es gäbe keine
-Antiquariate mehr, kein Buch könnte mehr an eine Freundin verliehen oder
-aus einer Bibliothek ausgeliehen werden &#150; keine »Lecks« mehr, die es
-jemand ermöglichen könnten, zu lesen ohne zu bezahlen. (Und, der Werbung
-für den Microsoft Reader zufolge, auch keine Möglichkeit zum anonymen
-Bücherkauf mehr.) Das ist es, was die Verleger der Welt mit uns vorhaben.
-
-<P>
-
-Warum gibt es so wenig öffentliche Diskussion über diese enormen
-Veränderungen? Die meisten Bürger haben noch nicht die Gelegenheit gehabt,
-die politischen Aspekte dieser futuristischen Technologie zu begreifen.
-Außerdem wurde der Öffentlichkeit eingebläut, dass das Copyright die
-Interessen der Copyrighthalter »schützt« &#150; mit der Implikation, dass
-die Interessen der Öffentlichkeit nicht zählen.
-
-<P>
-
-Aber wenn die breite Öffentlichkeit anfängt, E-Bücher zu benutzen, und das
-System entdeckt, das die Verleger für sie vorbereitet haben, wird sie
-anfangen Widerstand zu leisten. Die Menschheit wird dieses Joch nicht für
-immer tragen.
-
-<P>
-
-Die Verleger wollen uns einreden, dass ein unterdrückendes Copyright die
-einzige Möglichkeit ist, die Kunst lebendig zu halten &#150; aber wir
-brauchen keinen »Krieg den Kopien« um die Vielfalt veröffentlichter Werke
-zu sichern. Wie die Grateful Dead gezeigt haben, ist das private Kopieren
-unter Fans nicht unbedingt ein Problem für die Künstler. Indem wir das
-Kopieren von E-Büchern unter Freunden erlauben, können wir das Copyright
-wieder zurückverwandeln in die industrielle Regulierung, die es einst war.
-
-<P>
-
-Bei bestimmten Arten von Texten sollten wir sogar noch weiter gehen. Bei
-wissenschaftlichen Artikeln und Büchern sollten alle ermutigt werden, sie
-online unverändert wiederzugeben; dies unterstützt die wissenschaftliche
-Nachvollziehbarkeit und erhöht zugleich die Zugänglichkeit. Bei
-Lehrbüchern und den meisten Nachschlagewerken sollte auch die
-Veröffentlichung veränderter Versionen zugelassen werden, da dies zur
-Verbesserungen anregt.
-
-<P>
-
-Letztlich wird der ganze Grund zum Beschränken unveränderter Kopien
-entfallen, sobald Computernetze eine einfache Möglichkeit liefern,
-jemandem etwas Geld zu schicken. Wenn Ihnen ein Buch gefällt und auf ihrem
-Computer öffnet sich ein Fenster: »Klicken Sie hier, um der Autorin einen
-Dollar zu zahlen« &#150; würden Sie nicht klicken? Damit wird das
-Copyright für Bücher und Musik, soweit es das Verteilen unveränderter
-Exemplare betrifft, völlig überholt sein. Und keinen Moment zu früh!
-
-<P>
-
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman. Die unveränderte Wiedergabe und
-Verteilung dieses gesamten Artikels in beliebiger Form ist gestattet, sofern
-dieser Hinweis beibehalten wird.
-
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-
-<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.html#Laws">Andere Texte zum Lesen</A></H4>
-
-<HR>
-
-Zurück zur <a href="/home.de.html">Homepage von GNU</A>.
-<P>
-Richten Sie Anfragen bezüglich FSF und GNU an <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.  Andere <a
-href="/home.de.html#ContactInfo">Möglichkeiten, mit der FSF in Verbindung
-zu treten</A>.
-<P>
-Schicken Sie Kommentare zu diesen Webseiten an <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>,
-andere Fragen an <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.
-<P>
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman 
-<P>
-Die unveränderte Wiedergabe und Verteilung dieses gesamten Artikels in
-beliebiger Form ist gestattet, sofern dieser Hinweis beibehalten wird.
-<P>
-Aktualisiert:  
-<!-- hhmts start -->
-16 Mar 2001 Christian Siefkes
-<!-- hhmts end -->
-<HR>
-</BODY>
-</HTML>

Index: freedom-or-copyright.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.es.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.es.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.es.html        28 Oct 2002 18:20:18 -0000      1.1
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,159 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
-<HTML>
-<HEAD>
-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-<TITLE>Libertad - ¿O Copyright? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation 
(FSF)</TITLE>
-<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
-</HEAD>
-<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
-
-<H3>Libertad - ¿O Copyright?</H3>
-
-<P>
-by <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";><STRONG>Richard Stallman</STRONG></A>
-
-<P>
-
-<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
-   ALT=" [imagen de un Gnu filosófico] "
-   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical!!!  -->
-[
-  <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html">Alemán</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html">Coreano</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.es.html">Español</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html">Francés</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Inglés</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html">Italiano</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html">Japonés</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.pl.html">Polaco</A>
-| <A HREf="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html">Ruso</A>
-]
-
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-
-<P>
-
-Había una vez, en la época de la imprenta, una regulación industrial 
establecida para el negocio de escribir y editar. Se llamaba copyright. 
-El propósito del <i>copyright</i> era fomentar la publicación de una 
diversidad de obras escritas.
-El método del <i>copyright</i> era obligar a los editores a pedir permiso a 
los autores para volver a editar escritos recientes.
-
-<P>
-
-Los lectores corrientes tenían pocos motivos para rechazarlo, puesto que el 
<i>copyright</i> sólo restringía la publicación,
-no las cosas que un lector podía hacer. Si subía el precio del libro en una 
pequeña cantidad, sólo era el dinero. El <i>copyright</i> 
-ofrecía un beneficio público, como había sido pensado, con apenas carga para 
el público. Cumplía bien su cometido, por aquel entonces.
-
-<P>
-
-Entonces surgió una nueva forma de distribuir información: ordenadores y 
redes. La ventaja de la tecnología de información digital 
-es que facilita la copia y manipulación de información, incluyendo software, 
grabaciones musicales y libros. Las redes ofrecían la 
-posibilidad de acceso ilimitado a toda clase de datos: una utopía de la 
información.
-
-<P>
-
-Pero había un obstáculo en el camino: el <i>copyright</i>. Los lectores que 
hacían uso de sus ordenadores para compartir información publicada, 
-eran técnicamente infractores del <i>copyright</i>. El mundo había cambiado y 
lo que había sido una vez regulación industrial se había convertido 
-en una restrición al público que debería de servir.
-
-<P>
-
-En una democracia, una ley que prohibe una actividad popular, natural y útil, 
habitualmente se relaja pronto. Pero grupos de presión de 
-poderosos editores estaban determinados a impedir al público aprovechar la 
ventaja de sus ordenadores y encontraron en el <i>copyright</i> 
-un arma apropiada. Bajo su influencia, en vez de relajar el <i>copyright</i> 
para adecuarlo a las nuevas circunstancias, los gobiernos 
-lo hicieron mucho más estricto, aplicando penas severas a lectores 
sorprendidos compartiendo.
-
-<P>
-
-Pero esto no sería lo último. Los ordenadores pueden ser potentes herramientas 
de dominio cuando unos pocos controlan qué hacen 
-los ordenadores de otras personas. Los editores advirtieron que obligando a la 
gente a usar software especialmente diseñado para 
-usar libros electrónicos, podrían lograr un poder sin precedentes: obligarían 
a los lectores a pagar y a identificarse cada vez que leyesen un libro.
-
-<P>
-
-Este era el sueño de los editores y lograron convencer al gobierno 
estadounidense para promulgar la <i>Digital Millenium Copyright Act</i> de 
1998. 
-Esta ley otorga a los editores el poder legal total para casi todo lo que un 
lector puede hacer con un libro electrónico. 
-¡Incluso la lectura no autorizada es delito!
-
-<P>
-
-Todavía tenemos las mismas libertades de antes usando libros en papel. Pero si 
los libros electrónicos sustituyen a los impresos, 
-esa excepción servirá de muy poco. Con la "tinta electrónica", que hace 
posible descargar un nuevo texto en un trozo de papel aparentemente 
-impreso, incluso los periódicos podrían volverse fugaces. Imagínese: no más 
liberías de libros usados, no más préstamos de libros a 
-amigos, no más préstamos de libros en la biblioteca pública - no más "fugas" 
que podrían dar la oportunidad de leer sin pagar. 
-(Y a juzgar por los anuncios de Microsoft Reader, no más compras anónimas de 
libros tampoco.) Éste es el mundo que los editores 
-han pensado para nosotros.
-
-<P>
-
-¿Por qué hay tan poco debate público sobre estos cambios capitales? La mayoría 
de los ciudadanos no han tenido todavía ocasión de asumir 
-las consecuencias políticas que surgen de esta tecnología futurista. Además, 
al público se le ha enseñado que el <i>copyright</i> existe para 
-"proteger" a los titulares del <i>copyright</i>, con la consecuencia añadida 
de que los intereses del público no cuentan.
-
-<P>
-
-Pero cuando el público en general empiece a usar libros electrónicos y 
descubra el régimen que los ediores les han preparado, 
-empezarán a oponerse. La humandidad no aceptará este yugo por siempre.
-
-<P>
-
-Los editores nos han hecho creer que un <i>copyright</i> represivo es la única 
forma de mantener viva la creación artística, 
-pero no necesitamos una guerra por la copia para fomentar la diversidad de 
obras publicadas;
-como ha mostrado <i>Grateful Dead</i> la copia privada entre admiradores no es 
necesariamente un problema para los artistas. 
-Legalizando la copia de libros electrónicos entre amigos, podemos volver a 
convertir el <i>copyright</i> en la regulación industrial que una vez fue.
-
-<P>
-
-Para cierta clase de escritos, debemos ir incluso más allá. Para artículos 
académicos y monografías, su publicación íntegra en la red debería 
-ser alentada en todos los casos; esto ayuda a proteger los escritos académicos 
hacíendolos más accesibles. En el caso de libros de texto y de 
-la mayoría de obras de referencia, la publicación de versiones modificadas 
debería incluso permitirse, puesto que fomentan su mejora.
-
-<P>
-
-Con el tiempo, cuando las redes de ordenadores ofrezcan una forma sencilla de 
mandar un poco de dinero a alguien, toda la base para 
-restringir la copia literal desaparecerá. Si le gusta un libro y aparece una 
ventanita de su ordenador que dice: "pinche aquí para dar 
-un dólar al autor", ¿no lo haría? El <i>copyright</i> para libros y música, 
aplicado a la distribución de copias literales no modificadas, 
-se volverá totalmente obsoleto. ¡Y ni un segundo antes! 
-
-<P>
-
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman.
-Se permite la copia y redistribución literal de este artículo en su totalidad 
en cualquier medio, si se mantiene esta nota.
-
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-
-<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.html#Laws">Otros textos que leer</A></H4>
-
-<HR>
-
-Return to <A HREF="/home.html">GNU's home page</A>.
-<P>
-FSF &amp; GNU inquiries &amp; questions to
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.
-Other <A HREF="/home.html#ContactInfo">ways to contact</A> the FSF.
-<P>
-Comments on these web pages to
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>,
-send other questions to
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.
-<P>
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
-<P>
-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
-permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.<P>
-<br>
-<br>
-Traducción de Pablo Rodríguez. 
-Revisión y coordinación de traducciones: Luis M. Arteaga &lt;<a 
href="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</a>&gt;
-<br><br>
-Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2002/10/28 18:20:18 $ $Author: lmiguel $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-<HR>
-</BODY>
-</HTML>

Index: freedom-or-copyright.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.fr.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.fr.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.fr.html        3 Feb 2008 15:22:16 -0000       1.17
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,226 +0,0 @@
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-
-<title>La Libert&eacute; ou le Copyright&nbsp;?</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
-
-<h3>La Libert&eacute; ou le Copyright?</h3>
-
-<!-- This document uses XHTML 1.0 Strict, but may be served as -->
-<!-- text/html.  Please ensure that markup style considers -->
-<!-- appendex C of the XHTML 1.0 standard. See validator.w3.org. -->
-
-<!-- Please ensure links are consistent with Apache's MultiView. -->
-<!-- Change include statements to be consistent with the relevant -->
-<!-- language, where necessary. -->
-
-<p>par <strong><a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard 
Stallman</a></strong></p>
-
-<blockquote><p>
-Le meilleur des mondes avec les livres &eacute;lectroniques&nbsp;: plus de 
magasins de livres
-d'occasion, plus de pr&ecirc;t de livres &agrave; un ami, plus d'emprunt de 
livres dans une
-biblioth&egrave;que publique, plus d'achat de livre sans carte de 
cr&eacute;dit qui identifie
-ce que vous lisez. M&ecirc;me lire un livre &eacute;lectronique sans 
autorisation
-est un d&eacute;lit.
-</p></blockquote>
-
-<p>Il &eacute;tait une fois, au temps de la presse papier, la 
-mise en place d'une r&eacute;gulation industrielle sur le march&eacute;
-de l'&eacute;criture et de l'imprimerie. On l'a appel&eacute;e le
-copyright. Le but du copyright &eacute;tait d'encourager la
-publication de la diversit&eacute; des travaux &eacute;crits.  Sa
-m&eacute;thode consistait &agrave; ce que les auteurs donnent leur
-permission aux &eacute;diteurs de r&eacute;-imprimer leurs travaux
-r&eacute;cents.</p>
-<p>
-Le lecteur moyen avait peu de raisons de ne pas &ecirc;tre d'accord,
-&agrave; partir du moment o&ugrave; le copyright se limitait &agrave; la
-publication, pas &agrave; ce que le lecteur pouvait faire.  M&ecirc;me si
-le prix s'en trouvait l&eacute;g&egrave;rement augment&eacute;, il ne 
s'agissait
-que d'argent. Le copyright &eacute;tait b&eacute;n&eacute;fique pour le public,
-comme pr&eacute;vu, et n'a &eacute;t&eacute; que de peu de charge pour le 
public.
-Il remplissait bien son r&ocirc;le alors.</p>
-<p>
-Puis une nouvelle fa&ccedil;on de distribuer de l'information est
-apparue&nbsp;: les ordinateurs et les r&eacute;seaux.  L'avantage de la
-technologie de l'information num&eacute;rique est qu'elle facilite la
-copie et la manipulation de l'information, qu'il s'agisse de
-logiciels, de musique ou de livres. Les r&eacute;seaux offrent une
-possibilit&eacute; d'acc&egrave;s illimit&eacute;e &agrave; toutes
-sortes d'informations&mdash; une utopie de l'information.</p>
-<p>
-Mais un obstacle se tenait sur le chemin&nbsp;: le copyright. Les
-lecteurs qui utilisaient leurs ordinateurs pour partager
-l'information publi&eacute;e &eacute;taient techniquement des
-contrevenants au copyright. Le monde a chang&eacute; et ce qui avait
-&eacute;t&eacute; jadis une r&eacute;gulation industrielle est devenu
-une restriction pour le public, qu'elle &eacute;tait sens&eacute;e
-servir.</p>
-<p>Dans une d&eacute;mocratie, une loi qui interdit une activit&eacute;
-populaire, naturelle et utile est normalement bien vite assouplie.
-Mais le puissant lobby des &eacute;diteurs &eacute;tait d&eacute;termin&eacute;
-&agrave; emp&ecirc;cher le public de tirer avantage de leurs
-ordinateurs et a trouv&eacute; dans le copyright l'arme qu'il
-fallait. Sous son influence, plut&ocirc;t que d'assouplir le
-copyright en fonction des nouvelles circonstances, les gouvernements
-l'ont rendu plus strict que jamais, imposant de rudes p&eacute;nalit&eacute;s
-aux lecteurs pris en train de partager.</p>
-<p>Mais ce n'&eacute;tait pas tout. Les ordinateurs peuvent devenir
-de puissants outils de domination quand seules quelques personnes
-contr&ocirc;lent ce que font les ordinateurs des autres.
-Les &eacute;diteurs ont bien vite compris qu'en for&ccedil;ant
-les gens &agrave; utiliser des logiciels sp&eacute;cifiques pour regarder
-des vid&eacute;os et lire des livres &eacute;lectroniques, ils pouvaient 
gagner un pouvoir sans
-pr&eacute;c&eacute;dent&nbsp;: astreindre les gens &agrave; payer et &agrave;
-s'identifier eux-m&ecirc;mes &agrave; chaque fois qu'ils liraient un
-livre!</p>
-<p>Le r&ecirc;ve pour les &eacute;diteurs, qui ont pouss&eacute; le
-gouvernement am&eacute;ricain &agrave; voter le Digital Millennium
-Copyright Act (DMCA) en 1998. Cette loi donne aux &eacute;diteurs un
-pouvoir l&eacute;gal absolu sur tout ce que pourrait faire un lecteur
-avec un livre &eacute;lectronique, tant qu'ils publient le livre sous forme 
chiffr&eacute;e.
-M&ecirc;me le lire sans autorisation est un d&eacute;lit&nbsp;!</p>
-<p>Nous avons toujours les m&ecirc;mes vieilles libert&eacute;s avec les
-livres imprim&eacute;s. Mais si les livres &eacute;lectroniques
-remplacent un jour les livres imprim&eacute;s, cette exception sera
-pratiquement inutile. Avec
-&laquo;l'encre &eacute;lectronique&raquo;, qui permet de 
t&eacute;l&eacute;charger
-un nouveau texte sur ce qui pourrait passer pour du papier imprim&eacute;,
-m&ecirc;mes les journaux deviendraient &eacute;ph&eacute;m&egrave;res.
-Imaginez&nbsp;: plus de bouquinistes, plus de pr&ecirc;ts de livres &agrave;
-un ami, plus de pr&ecirc;ts &agrave; la biblioth&eacute;que publique&mdash; 
plus
-aucune chance de lire
-sans payer (et si on s'en r&eacute;f&egrave;re aux publicit&eacute;s pour
-Microsoft Reader, plus d'acquisitions anonymes de livres non plus).
-C'est l&agrave; le monde que les &eacute;diteurs ont en t&ecirc;te
-pour nous.</p>
-<p>Pourquoi y a-t-il aussi peu de d&eacute;bats publics autour de ces
-changements d'importance&nbsp;? La plupart des citoyens n'ont pas encore eu
-l'occasion de prendre pied dans les int&eacute;r&ecirc;ts politiques
-n&eacute;s de cette technologie futuriste. De plus, le public a 
&eacute;t&eacute;
-berc&eacute; par l'enseignement de ce que le copyright
-&laquo;prot&egrave;ge&raquo; 
-les d&eacute;tenteurs du copyright, avec comme implication que
-les int&eacute;r&ecirc;ts publics ne comptent pas.
-(Le terme trompeur &laquo;&nbsp;<a href="not-ipr.fr.html">
-propri&eacute;t&eacute; intellectuelle</a>&nbsp;&raquo; alimente aussi cette 
vision&nbsp;; de plus,
-il encourage l'erreur d'essayer de traiter plusieurs lois qui sont presque 
totalement
-diff&eacute;rentes&mdash;comme la loi sur le copyright et la loi sur les
-brevets&mdash;comme un seul et m&ecirc;me probl&egrave;me).
-</p>
-<p>Mais quand le public dans sa majorit&eacute; commencera &agrave; utiliser 
les livres
-&eacute;lectroniques et qu'il d&eacute;couvrira le r&eacute;gime que
-les &eacute;diteurs ont concoct&eacute; pour lui, il 
-commencera &agrave; entrer dans la r&eacute;sistance. L'Humanit&eacute;
-n'acceptera pas ce joug <em>ad vitam aeternam</em>.</p>
-<p>Les &eacute;diteurs aimeraient que l'on croit qu'un copyright
-r&eacute;pressif est la seule fa&ccedil;on de garder l'art en vie,
-mais nous n'avons pas besoin d'une Guerre du Copyright pour
-encourager la diversit&eacute; des travaux publi&eacute;s&nbsp;: comme l'a
-montr&eacute; Grateful Dead, la copie priv&eacute;e au sein des
-fans n'est pas forc&eacute;ment un probl&egrave;me pour les artistes.
-(En 2007, Radiohead a gagn&eacute; des millions en invitant ses fans &agrave; 
copier un
-album et &agrave; payer le montant qu'ils voulaient&nbsp;; quelques 
ann&eacute;es auparavant, Stephen King
-a gagn&eacute; des centaines de milliers de dollars pour un livre 
&eacute;lectronique que les gens
-pouvaient copier). En l&eacute;galisant la copie de livres 
&eacute;lectroniques entre
-amis, nous pouvons transformer le copyright en ce qu'il
-fut, une r&eacute;gulation industrielle.</p>
-</p>
-<p>Pour certains types d'&eacute;crits, nous devrions m&ecirc;me
-aller plus loin. Pour les livres scolaires et les monographies, tout
-le monde devrait &ecirc;tre encourag&eacute; &agrave; les reproduire
-en ligne mot pour mot; cela aide &agrave; prot&eacute;ger la
-litt&eacute;rature scolaire tout en la rendant plus accessible. Pour ce qui
-est des manuels et de la plupart des travaux de r&eacute;f&eacute;rence,
-la publication de versions modifi&eacute;es devrait elle aussi &ecirc;tre
-permise, dans la mesure o&ugrave; cela encourage les am&eacute;liorations.</p>
-<p>Finalement, quand les r&eacute;seaux informatiques
-permettront de faire transiter de petites sommes d'argent,
-l'argumentation enti&egrave;re de la restriction de la copie
-textuelle s'&eacute;vaporera. Si vous aimez 
-un livre et qu'un menu contextuel vous invite &agrave; &laquo;cliquer
-ici pour envoyer un dollar &agrave; l'auteur&raquo;, ne
-cliqueriez-vous pas? Le copyright sur les livres et la musique, comme il
-s'applique aujourd'hui &agrave; la distribution de copies textuelles
-non modifi&eacute;es, deviendra compl&egrave;tement obsol&egrave;te.
-Et plus vite qu'on ne le croit!</p>
-</div>
-
-<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general, -->
-<!-- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about    -->
-<!-- verbatim copying.  Please do NOT remove this without talking     -->
-<!-- with the webmasters first. --> 
-<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
-<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
-<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Pour les questions et requ&ecirc;tes relatives &agrave; la FSF &amp;
-GNU&nbsp;: <a href="mailto:gnu&#64;gnu.org";><em>gnu&#64;gnu.org</em></a>.
-Autres <a href="/home.fr.html#ContactInfo">moyens pour contacter</a> la FSF.
-
-Merci d'envoyer des commentaires sur cette page web &agrave; <a 
href="mailto:webmasters&#64;gnu.org";><em>webmasters&#64;gnu.org</em></a>,
-envoyer une autre question &agrave; <a 
href="mailto:gnu&#64;gnu.org";><em>gnu&#64;gnu.org</em></a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>Copyright &copy; 1999, 2008 Richard M. Stallman</p>
-
-<p>Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
-permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
-</p>
-
-<p>La reproduction exacte et la distribution int&eacute;grale de cet
-article est permise sur n'importe quel support d'archivage, pourvu que
-cette notice soit pr&eacute;serv&eacute;e.</p>
-<p>
-Derni&egrave;re mise-&agrave;-jour&nbsp;:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2008/02/03 15:22:16 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-<p>
-Traduction&nbsp;: Pierre-Yves Enderlin.<br />
-R&eacute;vision&nbsp;: <a 
href="mailto:trad-gnu&#64;april.org";>trad-gnu&#64;april.org</a>
-</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-<h3>Traductions de cette page</h3>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
-<!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
-<!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
-<!-- English is.  If you add a new language here, please -->
-<!-- advise web-translators&#64;gnu.org and add it to -->
-<!--    - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
-<!--    - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
-<!--      one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
-<!--    - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
-<!--      to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
-
-<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
-<!--     http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
-
-<ul class="translations-list">
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html" 
title="German">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html" 
title="English">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.es.html" 
title="Spanish">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>&nbsp;[es]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html" 
title="French">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>&nbsp;[fr]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.hr.html" 
title="Croatian">Hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html" 
title="Italian">Italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html" 
title="Japanese">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>&nbsp;[ja]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html" 
title="Korean">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>&nbsp;[ko]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.nl.html" 
title="Dutch">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.pl.html" 
title="Polish">Polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html" 
title="Russian">&#1056;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;</a>&nbsp;[ru]</li>
-</ul>
-</div>
-
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>

Index: freedom-or-copyright.hr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.hr.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.hr.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.hr.html        21 Nov 2006 17:18:18 -0000      1.2
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" 
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="hr"><head><title>Sloboda 
ili Copyright? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
-
-
-
-
-
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-2">
-<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" 
href="freedom-or-copyright.hr_files/gnu.css">
-<link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden";><!-- This document is in XML, 
and xhtml 1.0 --><!-- Please make sure to properly nest your tags --><!-- and 
ensure that your final document validates --><!-- consistent with W3C xhtml 1.0 
and CSS standards --><!-- See validator.w3.org --></head><body>
-
-<p><a href="#translations">Prijevodi</a> ovog dokumenta</p>
-
-<h3>Sloboda ili Copyright?</h3>
-
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard 
Stallman</strong></a></p>
-<p>
-<a href="http://www.gnu.org/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html";><img 
src="freedom-or-copyright.hr_files/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg" alt=" [image of a 
Philosophical Gnu] " height="200" width="160"></a>
-</p>
-
-
-<hr>
-
-<p>
-Nekada davno, u vrijeme tiska, za poslove pisanja i izdava¹tva
-uspostavljena je industrijska regulacija. Nazvana je copyright. Svrha
-copyrighta je bila ohrabrivanje izdavanja razlièitih pisanih radova.
-Naèin na koji je to èinio je bio prijenos prava za tisak recentnih
-radova sa autora na izdavaèa.</p>
-
-<p>
-Prosjeèni èitatelji nisu imali razloga da osporavaju taj naèin, jer
-copyright je ogranièavao samo izdavanje, ne i stvari koje je èitatelj
-mogao uèiniti. Ako je i podigao cijenu knjige za neki mali iznos, to je
-bio samo novac. Copyright je bio dru¹tveno koristan, kako je bilo i
-planirano, s malo tereta za samo dru¹tvo. U to doba svoj posao je radio
-kako spada.</p>
-
-<p>
-Tada je nai¹ao novi naèin razmjene informacija: raèunala i mre¾e.
-Prednost tehnologije digitalnih informacija je da olak¹ava kopiranje i
-manipulaciju informacijama, ukljuèujuæi softver, glazbene zapise i
-knjige. Mre¾e su ponudile moguænost neogranièenog pristupa svim vrstama
-podataka - informacijsku utopiju.</p>
-
-<p>
-Ali jedna prepreka se isprijeèila na tom putu: copyright. Èitatelji
-koji su koristili svoja raèunala za razmjenu objavljenih informacija su
-tehnièki govoreæi bili prekr¹itelji copyrighta. Svijet se promijenio i
-ono ¹to je nekada bila industrijska regulacija izdavaèa sada je postalo
-ogranièenje za dru¹tvo èijoj je slu¾bi prvotno bilo namijenjeno.</p>
-
-<p>
-U demokraciji, zakon koji brani popularnu, prirodnu i korisnu
-aktivnost, obièno ne traje dugo. No moæni izdavaèki lobi je bio odluèan
-u nakani da sprijeèi dru¹tvo da se koristi prednostima raèunala, a
-copyright se pokazao kao odgovarajuæe oru¾je. Pod njihovim utjecajem,
-umjesto da prilagodi copyright novim okolnostima, vlade su ga uèinile
-rigoroznijim no ikad, i utvrdile neprimjereno stroge kazne za èitatelje
-uhvaæene u razmjeni sadr¾aja.</p>
-
-<p>
-No ni to nije sve. Raèunala mogu biti moæna oru¾ja dominacija kada
-nekolicina ljudi kontrolira ¹to rade raèunala drugih ljudi. Izdavaèi su
-shvatili da prisiljavajuæi ljude da koriste specijalno dizajnirane
-programe za èitanje digitalnih izdanja knjiga, mogu zadobiti do tad
-neviðenu snagu: mogu prinuditi èitatelje da plaæaju, pa èak i da se
-predstave, svaki put kad èitaju knjigu!</p>
-
-<p>
-To je san izdavaèa, i oni su utjecali na vladu Sjedinjenih Amerièkih
-Dr¾ava da donese Digital Millenium Copyright Act 1998. Taj zakon im
-daje potpunu i legalnu moæ nad skoro svim ¹to èitatelj mo¾e èiniti s
-elektronskom knjigom. Èak je i èitanje bez predstavljanja zloèin!</p>
-
-<p>
-I dalje imamo iste stare slobode pri kori¹tenju papirnatih knjiga. No
-ako elektronske knjige zamjene papirnate, ta iznimka æe biti od nikakva
-znaèaja. S "elektronskom tintom", koja omoguæuje stavljanje novog
-teksta na vidljivo otiskan komad papira, èak i novine mogu postati
-kratkotrajne. Zamislite: nema vi¹e antikvarijata s kori¹tenim knjigama,
-nema vi¹e posuðivanje knjige prijatelju, nema vi¹e posuðivanja knjige
-iz knji¾nice, nema vi¹e "rupe u zakonu" koja bi omoguæila nekome da
-èita a da ne plati. (A sudeæi prema reklami za Microsoft Reader, nema
-vi¹e ni anonimne kupovine knjige.) To je svijet koji su nam namijenili
-izdavaèi.</p>
-
-<p>
-Za¹to je toliko malo javnih rasprava o ovim va¾nim promjenama? Veæina
-graðana jo¹ nije imala priliku susresti se s politièkim pitanjima
-izazvanim ovom futuristièkom tehnologijom. Usto, javnost je uèena da
-copyright postoji da "za¹titi" posjednike copyrighta, a impliciralo se
-da se dru¹tveni znaèaj ne raèuna.</p>
-
-<p>
-No kad dru¹tvo poène uveliko koristiti elektronske knjige, pa se
-otkrije re¾im koji su im izdavaèi pripremili, doæi æe do otpora.
-Èovjeèanstvo neæe prihvatiti ovu ¹alu za sva vremena.</p>
-
-<p>
-Izdavaèi bi htjeli da vjerujemo da je ogranièavajuæi copyright jedini
-naèin da se umjetnost odr¾i na ¾ivotu, ali ne treba nam rat zbog
-kopiranja da se potakne raznolikost izdavanih radova; i kao ¹to su
-Greatful Dead pokazali, privatno kopiranje izmeðu obo¾avatelja nije
-nu¾no problem za umjetnika. Legalizacijom kopiranja elektronskih knjiga
-meðu prijateljima mo¾emo postaviti copyright u industrijsku regulaciju,
-odakle je i potekao.</p>
-
-<p>
-Za neke vrste pisane rijeèi trebamo otiæi i korak dalje. Za nastavne
-tekstove i monografije bi svi trebali biti podsticani da ih reizdaju u
-elektronskom obliku u cjelosti jer to poma¾e oèuvanju zapisa a i èini
-ih dostupnijima. Za ud¾benike i veæinu radova na koje se odnose,
-objavljivanje promijenjenih inaèica bi trebalo biti takoðer dozvoljeno,
-jer to podstièe pobolj¹anja.</p>
-
-<p>
-Kada raèunalne mre¾e omoguæe jednostavan naèin da se nekome po¹alje
-mali iznos novca, svi razlozi za ogranièavanje kopiranja æe nestati.
-Ako volite knjigu, a na raèunalu se pojavi poruka koja veli "Klikni
-ovdje da autoru donira¹ 5 HRK", tko ne bi kliknuo? Copyright za knjige
-i glazbu, u smislu dijeljenja nepromijenjenih kopija, bit æe potpuno
-zastario. I to ni trenutka prerano!</p>
-
-<hr>
-<h4><a href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html";>Ostali tekstovi za 
proèitati</a></h4>
-<hr>
-
-<!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about    -->
-<!-- verbatim copying.  Please do NOT remove this without talking     -->
-<!-- with the webmasters first. --> 
-<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
-<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
-
-<div class="translations">
-<p><a id="translations"></a>
-<b>Prijevodi ovog dokumenta</b>:<br>
-
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
-<!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
-<!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
-<!-- English is.  If you add a new language here, please -->
-<!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
-<!--    - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
-<!--    - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
-<!--      one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
-<!--    - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
-<!--      to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
-<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
-<!--     http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
-
-[
-  <a href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html";>English</a>
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html";>Deutsch</a>   
  <!-- German -->
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.es.html";>Espa&#241;ol</a>
        <!-- Spanish -->
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html";>Français</a>  
  <!-- French -->
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.hr.html";>Hrvatski</a>  
  <!-- Croatian -->
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html";>Italiano</a>  
  <!-- Italian -->
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html";>&#26085;&#26412;&#35486;</a>
    <!-- Japanese -->
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html";>&#54620;&#44397;&#50612;</a>
    <!-- Korean -->
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.pl.html";>Polski</a>    
  <!-- Polish -->
-| <a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html";>&#1056;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;</a>
   <!-- Russian -->
-]
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class="copyright">
-<p>
-Return to the <a href="http://www.gnu.org/home.html";>GNU Project home page</a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to 
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-There are also <a href="http://www.gnu.org/home.html#ContactInfo";>other ways 
to contact</a> 
-the FSF.
-<br>
-Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Please see the 
-<a 
href="http://www.gnu.org/server/standards/README.translations.html";>Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
-translations of this article.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
-<br>
-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
-permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is 
-preserved.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2006/11/21 17:18:18 $ $Author: jimcrow $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-
-</body></html>

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===================================================================
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diff -N freedom-or-copyright.it.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.it.html        4 Dec 2001 19:54:37 -0000       1.1
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,201 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
-<HTML>
-<HEAD>
-  <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
-  <TITLE>Libertà o copyright? - Progetto GNU - Free Software Foundation 
(FSF)</TITLE>
-  <LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
-  <LINK REV="translated" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
-  <META NAME="Description"
-       CONTENT="Tradotto  originariamente da Domenico Delle Side.
-                Modifiche successive di Paola Blason e Giorgio V. Felchero">
-</HEAD>
-<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
-
-<H3>Libertà o copyright?</H3>
-
-<P>
-di <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";><STRONG>Richard Stallman</STRONG></A>
-
-<P>
-
-<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.it.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
-   ALT=" [Immagine di uno Gnu filosofico] "
-   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical!!!  -->
-[
-  <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html">Coreano</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html">Francese</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Inglese</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html">Italiano</A>
-| <A HREf="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html">Russo</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html">Tedesco</A>
-]
-
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-
-<P>
-Un tempo, nell'era della carta stampata, venne stabilita una
-regolamentazione industriale per il mondo della scrittura e
-dell'editoria. Venne chiamata copyright.  Lo scopo del copyright era
-quello di incoraggiare la pubblicazione di diverse opere scritte. Il
-copyright consentiva agli editori di ottenere dagli autori il permesso
-di ristampare i loro lavori recenti.
-
-<P>
-
-I semplici lettori non avevano nulla in contrario, dato che il
-copyright imponeva restrizioni solo nella pubblicazione delle opere,
-non nell'uso che questi ne facevano. Che ciò aumentasse solo di un po'
-il prezzo dei libri, non aveva importanza; il copyright, come era
-inteso, forniva un beneficio generale, gravando solo un po' sulla
-collettività. Assolveva, dunque, il suo compito in maniera egregia.
-
-<P>
-
-In seguito, si sviluppò un nuovo modo per diffondere le informazioni:
-i computer e le reti.  Il vantaggio della tecnologia dell'informazione
-digitale sta nel fatto che questa facilita la copia e la manipolazione
-delle informazioni, inclusi software, registrazioni musicali e
-libri. Le reti, d'altro canto, offrivano la possibilità di accesso
-illimitato ad ogni tipo di dati - un'utopia dell'informazione.
-
-<P>
-
-Ma si trovò un ostacolo: il copyright. I lettori che facevano uso dei
-loro computer per condividere le informazioni erano tecnicamente dei
-contravventori del copyright. Il mondo era cambiato e quella che in
-passato era una regolamentazione industriale sull'editoria divenne una
-restrizione nei confronti della collettività che invece avrebbe dovuto
-favorire.
-
-<P>
-
-In un paese democratico, una legge che proibisca un'attività comune,
-naturale ed utile verrebbe presto abolita, ma la potente lobby degli
-editori era determinata ad impedire che la collettività traesse
-vantaggio dal potere dei propri computer, così fece del copyright la
-propria arma.  Sotto la sua influenza i governi, invece di allentare
-la morsa del copyright per adattarsi alle nuove circostanze, lo
-inasprirono più che mai, imponendo pene severe ai lettori sorpresi
-a condividere informazioni.
-
-<P>
-
-Ma non è tutto. I computer possono essere potenti strumenti di
-dominazione se poche persone controllano quello che altri fanno con i
-loro computer. Gli editori si accorsero che, imponedo alla gente di
-usare programmi realizzati specificatamente per leggere libri
-elettronici, avrebbero guadagnato un potere mai avuto: avrebbero
-potuto costringere i lettori a pagare per leggere, identificandoli ad
-ogni lettura.
-
-<P>
-
-Questo era il sogno degli editori che sono riusciti a convincere il
-governo americano a varare il Digital Millennium Copyright Act del
-1998. Questa legge dà loro il quasi completo potere legale su quasi
-tutto ciò che un lettore può fare con un libro elettronico. Anche
-leggerlo senza autorizzazione è un crimine!
-
-<P>
-
-Abbiamo ancora le stesse vecchie libertà nell'uso dei libri stampati,
-ma se i libri elettronici li rimpiazzeranno, questa eccezione non
-porterà un gran beneficio.  Con l'"inchiostro elettronico", che
-consente di scaricare nuovi testi in un pezzo di carta apparentemente
-stampato, anche i giornali potrebbero divenire effimeri.  Si immagini:
-niente più negozi di libri usati, niente più libri in prestito agli
-amici, niente più librerie pubbliche da cui da cui prenderli - ovvero
-niente più "falle" che potrebbero consentire a qualcuno di leggere un
-libro senza pagare (e, giudicando dalla pubblicità di Microsoft
-Reader, non sarà più possibile acquistare i libri anonimamente).
-Questo è il mondo che gli editori hanno in mente per noi.
-
-<P>
-
-Perché c'è così poca discussione circa questi cambiamenti?  Molti non
-hanno ancora avuto occasione di venire a contatto con le questioni
-politiche sollevate da questa tecnologia futuristica. D'altro canto,
-alla collettività è stato insegnato che il copyright esiste per
-"proteggere" i suoi possessori, con l'implicazione che l'interesse
-pubblico non ha importanza.
-
-<P>
-
-Quando la gente comincerà ad usare massicciamente i libri elettronici
-e scoprirà il regime che gli editori hanno preparato, allora comincerà
-la resistanza. L'umanità non accetterà questo giogo in eterno.
-
-<P>
-
-Gli editori vogliono farci credere che un copyright così aspro sia
-l'unico sistema per proteggere l'arte, ma non c'è bisogno di una
-guerra alla copia per incoraggiare la pubblicazione di diverse nuove
-opere; come i Greateful Dead hanno dimostrato, la copia privata tra
-i propri sostenitori non è necessariamente un problema per gli
-artisti. Legalizzando la copia dei libri elettronici tra amici, si può
-far tornare il copyright alla forma di regolamentazione industriale
-che era una volta.
-
-<P>
-
-Per certi tipi di scritti, possiamo anche andare oltre.  Per il
-materiale scolastico/accademico e le monografie, ognuno dovrebbe
-essere incoraggiato a ripubblicarne on line copie letterali; questo
-aiuterebbe a proteggere i documenti scolasticie accademici rendendoli
-allo stesso tempo più accessibili. Per i libri di testo ed le opere di
-consultazione, la pubblicazione di versioni modificate dovrebbe essere
-altrettanto incoraggiata poiché favorirebbe il miglioramento.
-
-<P>
-
-Alla fine, quando le reti informatiche forniranno un modo semplice per
-inviare piccole somme di denaro, spariranno tutte le argomentazioni a
-favore della restrizione delle copie letterali. Se un libro piace e
-compare sul nostro schermo una finestrella che dice: "Premere qui per
-spedire un dollaro all'autore", non ci premeremo sopra?  Il copyright
-per i libri e la musica, poiché si tratta di distribuzione di copie
-letterali, diventerà interamente obsoleto. E non sarà mai abbastanza
-presto!
-
-<P>
-
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman.  La copia letterale e la
-distribuzione di questo articolo nella sua integrità sono permesse con
-qualsiasi mezzo, a condizione che questa nota sia riprodotta.
-
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-
-<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.it.html#Laws">Altri testi da 
leggere</A></H4>
-
-<HR>
-
-Ritorna alla <A HREF="/home.it.html">pagina principale di GNU</A>.
-<P>
-
-Per informazioni e domande sulla FSF e GNU rivolgersi,
-possibilmente in inglese,
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.  Altri
-<A HREF="/home.it.html#ContactInfo">modi per contattare</A> la FSF.
-<P>
-Commenti su queste pagine web a
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
-<EM>address@hidden</EM></A>, altre domande a
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";><EM>address@hidden</EM></A>.
-<P>
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
-<P>
-La copia letterale e la distribuzione di questo articolo nella sua
-integrità sono permesse con qualsiasi mezzo, a condizione
-che questa nota sia riprodotta.<P>
-Aggiornato:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2001/12/04 19:54:37 $ $Author: bfteam $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-<HR>
-</BODY>
-</HTML>

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===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.ja.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.ja.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.ja.html        5 Feb 2002 04:25:57 -0000       1.5
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,193 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
-<HTML>
-<HEAD>
-<TITLE>¼«Í³ - ¤½¤ì¤È¤âÃøºî¸¢? - GNU ¥×¥í¥¸¥§¥¯¥È - ¥Õ¥ê¡¼¥½¥Õ¥È¥¦¥§¥¢ºâÃÄ 
(FSF)</TITLE>
-<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
-<LINK REV="translated" HREF="address@hidden">
-</HEAD>
-<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
-
-<H3>¼«Í³ - ¤½¤ì¤È¤âÃøºî¸¢?</H3>
-
-<P>
-<A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";><STRONG>Richard Stallman</STRONG></A>Ãø
-
-<P>
-
-<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.ja.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
-   ALT=" [ÎäÀŤʥ°¥Ì¡¼¤Î²èÁü] "
-   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical!!!  -->
-[
- <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">±Ñ¸ì</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html">¥Õ¥é¥ó¥¹¸ì</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html">¥É¥¤¥Ä¸ì</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html">¥¤¥¿¥ê¥¢¸ì</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html">ÆüËܸì</A>
-| <A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html">´Ú¹ñ¸ì</A>
-| <A HREf="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html">¥í¥·¥¢¸ì</A>
-]
-
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-
-<P>
-
-¤à¤«¤·¤à¤«¤·¡¢°õºþµ¡¤¬¤è¤¦¤ä¤¯ÉáµÚ¤·¤¿¤³¤í¡¢½ñ¼Ì¤ä½ÐÈǤò¿¦¶È¤È¤¹¤ë¿Í¡¹
-¤òÂоݤˤ¢¤ë»º¶Èµ¬À©¤¬À©Äꤵ¤ì¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£¤½¤ì¤¬Ãøºî¸¢¤Ç¤¹¡£Ãøºî¸¢¤ÎÌÜŪ¤Ï¡¢
-¿ÍͤÊÃøºîʪ¤Î½ÐÈǤòÂ¥¿Ê¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£½ÐÈǶȼԤ¬¤¢¤ëºî¼Ô¤ÎºÇ¿·
-¤ÎÃøºî¤òºÆÈǤ¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¡¢¤½¤Î¿Í¤«¤éµöÂú¤òÆÀ¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¤³¤È¤Ë¤¹¤ë¡¢¤È
-¤¤¤¦¤Î¤¬Ãøºî¸¢¤Î»ÅÁȤߤǤ¹¡£
-
-<P>
-
-¤³¤ì¤ËÂФ·¡¢°ìÈ̤ÎÆɼԤ¬»¿À®¤·¤Ê¤¤Íýͳ¤Ï¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£¤È¤¤
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Index: freedom-or-copyright.ko.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.ko.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.ko.html
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@@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
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-´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ·Î ¼öÇàÇÏ´Â ¹Ù¸¦ ¼Ò¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÅëÁ¦ÇÒ ¶§, 
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-È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù! 
-
-<P>
-±×°ÍÀº ÃâÆǾ÷ÀÚµéÀÇ ²ÞÀ̾ú°í, ±×µéÀº ¹ÌÇÕÁß±¹ Á¤ºÎ°¡ 1998³âµµ¿¡ 
-µðÁöÅÐ ¹Ð·¹´Ï¾ö ÀúÀ۱ǹý(Digital Millennium Copyright Act)À»
-Á¦Á¤Çϵµ·Ï ¼³µæÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¹ýÀº µ¶ÀÚ°¡ ÀüÀÚÃ¥À¸·Î ÇÒ ¼ö
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-ÀÌ¿¡ µû¸£¸é, Çã°¡°¡ ¾øÀ¸¸é ÀüÀÚÃ¥À» Àд °Í Á¶Â÷µµ ¹üÁËÀÔ´Ï´Ù! 
-
-<P>
-¿ì¸®´Â Á¾ÀÌ·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁø Ã¥À» »ç¿ëÇϴµ¥ À־ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¿¾³¯°ú °°Àº ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ 
-´©¸®°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
-±×·¯³ª ÀüÀÚÃ¥ÀÌ Àμâ Ã¥ÀÚ¸¦ ´ë½ÅÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é ±×·¯ÇÑ ÀÚÀ¯´Â ´õÀÌ»ó À¯È¿ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»
-°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ``ÀüÀÚ À×Å©''·Î ¿Ü°ü»ó ÀμâµÈ Á¾ÀÌ Á¶°¢¿¡ »õ·Î¿î ÅؽºÆ®¸¦ ´Ù¿î·ÎµåÇÒ
-¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ½Å¹®Á¶Â÷ µ¡¾ø´Â °ÍÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. »ó»óÇØ º¸¼¼¿ä.
-´õ ÀÌ»ó Áß°íÃ¥ ¼­Á¡Àº ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ°í, ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ Ä£±¸¿¡°Ô Ã¥À» ºô·ÁÁÙ ¼ö ¾øÀ» 
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-Microsoft ReaderÀÇ ±¤°í¸¦ º¸°í ÆÇ´ÜÇØ º¼ ¶§, ´õÀÌ»ó À͸íÀ¸·Î Ã¥À» »ç´Â °Íµµ 
-ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÒ °Ì´Ï´Ù.) ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÃâÆǾ÷°è°¡ Ç°°í ÀÖ´Â »ý°¢ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 
-
-<P>
-ÀÌ·± Áß´ëÇÑ º¯È­¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­ ¿Ö ´ëÁßÀûÀÎ ³íÀÇ°¡ ¾øÀ»±î¿ä? ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎµéÀº
-ÀÌ ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ±â¼ú·Î ÀϾ´Â Á¤Ä¡Àû ¹®Á¦¿¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ µ¹¸± ¸¸ÇÑ °è±â¸¦ ¾ÆÁ÷ °¡ÁöÁö
-¸øÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. °Ô´Ù°¡, ´ëÁßµéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ÀÌÀÍÀº °í·ÁÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ Ã¤ ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÌ 
-ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÚ¸¦ ``º¸È£Çϱâ'' À§Çؼ­ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù°í ¹è¿ö¿Ô½À´Ï´Ù. 
-
-<P>
-±×·¯³ª ´ëÁßµéÀÌ ÀüÀÚÃ¥À» ³Î¸® »ç¿ëÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÏ°í, ÃâÆǾ÷ÀÚµéÀÌ ÁغñÇØ ³õÀº
-üÁ¦¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é, ±×µéÀº ÀúÇ×Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇÒ °Ì´Ï´Ù. Àηù´Â ÀÌ·± ¸Û¿¡¸¦
-°è¼ÓÇؼ­ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀ» °Ì´Ï´Ù. 
-
-<P>
-ÃâÆǾ÷ÀÚµéÀº ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ¾ï¾ÐÀûÀÎ ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÌ ¿¹¼úÀ» »ì¾ÆÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ 
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-¹Ï°Ô ¸¸µé·Á ÇÒ °Ì´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿ì¸®°¡ ÃâÆÇµÈ ÀúÀÛ¹°µéÀÇ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ» °Ý·ÁÇÏ´Â 
º¹Á¦¸¦ 
-À§Çؼ­ ÀüÀïÀ» ¼±Æ÷ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¹ÀÌƮǮ µ¥µå(Grateful Dead)¶ó´Â 
¹êµå°¡ 
-º¸¿©ÁÖ´Â ¿¹Ã³·³, ÆÒµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼­ ÀϾ´Â »çÀûÀÎ º¹Á¦°¡ ¿¹¼ú°¡µé¿¡°Ô ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ´Â 
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ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀ» 
-¿¹ÀüÀÇ »ê¾÷ ¹ý±Ôó·³ µÇµ¹·Á ³õÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. 
-
-<P>
-¸î¸î Á¾·ùÀÇ ÀúÀÛ¹°¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â, Á»´õ ¸»ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇмúÀûÀÎ º¸°í¼­¿Í 
-³í¹®Àº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±× ³»¿ë ±×´ë·Î¸¦ ¿Â¶óÀÎÀ¸·Î ÀçÃâÆÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï °Ý·ÁµÇ¾î¾ß 
ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 
-ÀÌ·± ÇàÀ§´Â Çй®Àû ÀúÀÛ¹°¿¡ ´õ ½±°Ô Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Çϸ鼭 ±× ±â·ÏÀ» 
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-µµ¿òÀ» ÁÝ´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±³°ú¼­¿Í ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Âü°í ¼­ÀûÀº ¼öÁ¤ÆÇÀÇ ÃâÆÇÀÌ Çã¶ôµÇ¾î¾ß¸¸ 
-ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·± ÇàÀ§°¡ ´õ¿í ³ªÀº °³¼±À» À̲ø¾î ³¾ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 
-
-<P>
-°á±¹, ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ ¼Ò·®ÀÇ µ·À» ¾î¶² »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô º¸³»´Â ½¬¿î ¹æ¹ýÀ» 
Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù¸é, 
-º¹Á¦¸¦ Á¦ÇÑÇÏ´Â ±Ùº»ÀûÀÎ ÀÌÀ¯°¡ »ç¶óÁú °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à ´ç½ÅÀÌ Ã¥À» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ°í 
´ç½Å 
-ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡¼­ ``ÀÛ°¡¿¡°Ô 1´Þ·¯¸¦ ³»·Á¸é ¿©±â¸¦ Ŭ¸¯Çϼ¼¿ä''¶ó´Â ¹Ú½º°¡ ¶á´Ù¸é 
Ŭ¸¯ÇÏÁö 
-¾Ê°Ú½À´Ï±î? Ã¥°ú À½¾Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀº, ±×°ÍÀÌ ³»¿ë¹°À» º¯°æÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ±×´ë·Î¸¦ 
-¹èÆ÷Çϵµ·Ï Àû¿ëÇÏ´Â ÇÑ, È®½ÇÈ÷ ¼èÅðÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð °ð¹Ù·Î ±×·¸°Ô µÇÁö´Â 
¾Ê°ÚÁö¸¸, 
-¾ðÁ¨°¡´Â ±×·¸°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
-
-<P>
-<HR>
-<H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.ko.html#Laws">Àоî¾ß ÇÒ ´Ù¸¥ ±Ûµé</A></H4>
-
-<P>
-<HR>
-GNU ȨÆäÀÌÁöÀÇ <A HREF="/home.ko.html">¸ÞÀÎ È­¸é</A>À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°©´Ï´Ù.
-
-<P>
-ÀÚÀ¯ ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î Àç´Ü°ú GNU ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®Àº 
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</A>·Î º¸³»Áֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. 
-
-<P>
-GNU¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹® ÀÌ¿Ü¿¡ ȨÆäÀÌÁö ÀÚü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áú¹®Àº 
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>address@hidden</A>·Î º¸³»Áֽðí, ±×¹ÛÀÇ 
-¿¬¶ô ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â <A HREF="/home.ko.html#ContactInfo">¿¬¶ôó ¾È³»</a> 
ºÎºÐÀ» 
-Âü°íÇϽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù. 
-
-<P>
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
-
-<P>
-ÀúÀ۱ǿ¡ ´ëÇÑ º» »çÇ×ÀÌ ¸í½ÃµÇ´Â ÇÑ, ¾î¶°ÇÑ Á¤º¸ ¸Åü¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ º»¹®ÀÇ ÀüÀ糪 
¹ßÃéµµ 
-¹«»óÀ¸·Î Çã¿ëµË´Ï´Ù.
-
-<P>
-Çѱ¹¾î ¹ø¿ª: 2001³â 8¿ù 1ÀÏ ±èÈ¿ÁØ 
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>
-
-<BR>
-¹ø¿ª ¹®ÀÇ ¹× ¿À¿ª¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÁöÀûÀº 
-<A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</A>
-¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¸ÞÀÏÀ» Áֽñ⠹ٶø´Ï´Ù.  
-
-<P>
-ÃÖ±Ù ¼öÁ¤ÀÏ:
-<!-- hhmts start -->
-7 Aug 2001 chsong
-<!-- hhmts end -->
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-</BODY>
-</HTML>

Index: freedom-or-copyright.nl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.nl.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.nl.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.nl.html        27 Dec 2007 20:56:08 -0000      1.1
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,191 +0,0 @@
-<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-
-<title>Vrijheid of Auteursrecht? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation 
(FSF)</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<h2>Vrijheid of Auteursrecht?</h2>
-
-<p>
-  door <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong>
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Eens, ten tijde van de drukpers, werd een industri&euml;le regeling van kracht 
-voor het schrijven en publiceren. Dat heette het auteursrecht. Het doel 
daarvan 
-was om het aantal publicaties van geschreven werk te vergroten. Het systeem 
-bestond eruit dat uitgevers toestemming kregen van auteurs om hun recente 
-werken te dupliceren.</p>
-
-<p>
-Lezers hadden geen reden tot klagen, het auteursrecht legde slechts de 
-publicatie aan banden, niet de dingen die een lezer kon doen. Wanneer dit de 
-prijs van een boek licht verhoogde maakte dat niet uit, het was maar geld. Het 
-auteursrecht diende een maatschappelijk doel, zoals dit was bedoeld, met 
weinig 
-gevolgen voor het lezend publiek. Het was in die dagen een goede regeling.</p>
-
-<p>
-Toen kwam er een nieuwe manier van verspreiding: computers en netwerken. Het 
-voordeel van digitale informatietechnologie is dat het het kopi&euml;ren en 
-wijzigen van informatie, waaronder software, muziekopnamen en boeken, 
-gemakkelijk maakt. Netwerken gaven verder toegang tot allerlei gegevens&mdash;
-een soort informatie-utopia.</p>
-
-<p>
-Maar er was &eacute;&eacute;n obstakel: het auteursrecht. Lezers die hun 
-computers gebruikten om publicaties te delen waren technisch gesproken in 
-overtreding van het auteursrecht. De wereld was veranderd. En wat eens een 
-industri&euml;le regeling voor uitgevers was, werd nu een beperking voor het 
-publiek waar de regeling voor bedoeld was.</p>
-
-<p>
-Binnen een democratie wordt een beperking op populaire, normale en nuttige 
-bezigheden snel versoepeld. Maar de uiterst machtige uitgeverslobby wilde 
-kostte wat kost dit voordeel voor de samenleving bestrijden en vonden in het 
-auteursrecht een sterk wapen. Onder druk van de uitgevers werd het 
auteursrecht 
-niet versoepeld maar juist aangehaald voor de nieuwe situatie en maakten 
-overheden dit recht strenger dan ooit, met harde straffen voor diegenen die ze 
-betrapten op het delen van informatie.</p>
-
-<p>
-Maar dat was niet alles. Computers kunnen een machtig wapen zijn wanneer een 
-handvol mensen wil bepalen wat alle anderen met een computer kunnen doen. 
-Uitgevers brachten dit in praktijk door mensen te dwingen alleen bepaalde 
-software te gebruiken voor het lezen van electronische boeken. Dit geeft ze 
-ongehoorde macht: ze kunnen lezers dwingen te betalen en zich te 
identificeren, 
-ieder keer dat ze een boek lezen!</p>
-
-<p>
-Dat is de natte droom van iedere uitgever en dus overreedde ze de Amerikaanse 
-overheid om de Digital Millennium Copyright Act van 1998 aan te nemen. Deze 
wet 
-geeft ze absolute macht over alles wat een lezer zou kunnen doen met een 
-electronisch boek. Zelfs het lezen zonder toestemming is een misdaad!</p>
-
-<p>
-We hebben nog steeds de oude vrijheden met papieren boeken. Maar wanneer 
-electronische boeken de gedrukte exemplaren gaan vervangen zal deze 
-uitzondering ons weinig helpen. Met &ldquo;electronische inkt&rdquo;, die het 
-mogelijk maakt om tekst te vervangen op ogenschijnlijk gedrukt papier wordt 
-zelfs de krant vluchtig. Stel je voor: geen tweedehands boekenzaak meer; nooit 
-meer een boek aan je vrienden uitlenen; nooit meer lenen van de openbare 
-bibliotheek&mdash;geen &ldquo;gaten&rdquo; meer waardoor je iemand de kans zou 
-kunnen geven iets toch gratis te lezen. (En, afgaand op de advertenties voor 
-Microsoft Reader, ook nooit meer anoniem een boek aanschaffen). Dat is de 
-wereld die uitgevers ons wensen.</p>
-
-<p>
-Waarom is er zo weinig openbaar debat over zulke enorme veranderingen? De 
-meeste burgers kunnen nog niet echt bevatten wat de politieke gevolgen zijn 
van 
-deze futuristische technologie. Burgers zijn trouwens sowieso opgevoed met het 
-idee dat het auteursrecht er is om rechthebbenden te &ldquo;beschermen&rdquo;, 
-met de impliciete aanname dat het maatschappelijk belang niet telt.</p>
-
-<p>
-Maar wanneer de gemeenschap kennis maakt met electronische boeken en het 
regime 
-ontdekt dat de uitgevers voor ons bedacht hebben zal de weerstand komen. 
Mensen 
-zullen dit juk niet eeuwig accepteren.</p>
-
-<p>
-De uitgevers proberen ons wijs te maken dat alleen een streng auteursrecht 
-kunst nog levend kan houden. Maar we hebben geen auteursrechtenoorlog nodig om 
-meer publicaties te bewerkstelligen; zoals de Grateful Dead al bewees is het 
-kopi&euml;ren onder fans geen probleem voor een artiest. Door het 
kopi&euml;ren 
-van electronische boeken legaal te maken, kunnen we het auteursrecht weer 
-terugbrengen tot de industri&euml;le regeling die het eens was.</p>
-
-<p>
-Voor sommige geschriften zouden we zelfs verder moeten gaan. Voor 
universitaire 
-publicaties zou iedereen gestimuleerd moeten worden om ze online te zetten; 
dit 
-zal het behoud van universitaire publicaties ten goede komen en ze meer 
-toegankelijk maken. Voor instructieboeken en referenties zou publicatie van 
-aangepaste werken ook moeten worden gelegaliseerd, dat is goed voor de 
-vooruitgang.</p>
-
-<p>
-Uiteindelijk, wanneer de techniek om kleine betalingen te doen 
geperfectioneerd 
-is, zal de hele reden voor beperking op het kopi&euml;ren komen te vervallen. 
-Wanneer je een boek leuk vindt en er verschijnt een scherm op je computer met 
de 
-vraag &ldquo;Klik hier om de auteur een dollar te geven&rdquo;, zou je dan 
niet 
-klikken? Boeken en muziek onder auteursrecht, waar het het kopi&euml;ren 
-betreft, worden daarmee totaal overbodig. En geen moment te vroeg!</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-<p>
-Gelieve vragen over FSF &amp; GNU te sturen naar 
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-Er zijn ook nog <a href="/contact/">andere manieren om in contact te komen</a> 
-met de FSF.
-<br />
-Gelieve meldingen van verkeerde links en andere verbeteringen (of suggesties)
-te sturen aan: <a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Zie <a href="/server/standards/README.translations">Translations
-README</a> voor nadere informatie over het eventueel vertalen van dit artikel.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Copyright &copy; 1999 Richard M. Stallman
-<br />
-Het letterlijk overnemen en kopi&euml;ren van dit artikel is toegestaan op
-willekeurig welk medium op voorwaarde dat deze mededeling ook wordt meegenomen.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2007/12/27 20:56:08 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div id="translations">
-  <h4>Vertalingen van dit artikel</h4>
-
-  <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
-  <!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
-  <!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
-  <!-- English is.  If you add a new language here, please -->
-  <!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
-  <!--    - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
-  <!--    - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
-  <!--      one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
-  <!--    - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
-  <!--      to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
-  <!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
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href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</li>
-<!-- English -->
-<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</li>
-<!-- Spanish -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.es.html">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>&nbsp;[es]</li>
-<!-- French -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>&nbsp;[fr]</li>
-<!-- Croatian -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.hr.html">Hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</li>
-<!-- Italian -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html">Italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
-<!-- Japanese -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>&nbsp;[it]</li>
-<!-- Korean -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>&nbsp;[ko]</li>
-<!-- Dutch -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.nl.html">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</li>
-<!-- Polish -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.pl.html">Polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</li>
-<!-- Russian -->
-<li><a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html">&#x0420;&#x0443;&#x0441;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;&#x0439;</a>&nbsp;[ru]</li>
-</ul>
-
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>

Index: freedom-or-copyright.pl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.pl.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.pl.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.pl.html        27 Jun 2006 16:05:54 -0000      1.8
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-2" ?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
-       "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml";>
-
-<head>
-<title>Wolno¶æ czy prawa autorskie?
-               - Projekt GNU - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>
-       <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-2" 
/>
-       <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/gnu.css" />
-       <link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
-       <link rev="translated" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
-       <!-- transl.: wkotwica -->
-</head>
-
-<body xml:lang="pl" lang="pl">
-
-<p><a href="#translations">T³umaczenia</a> tej strony</p>
-
-<h2>Wolno¶æ czy prawa autorskie?</h2>
-<p><a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a></p>
-<p>
-<a href="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.pl.html">
-<img src="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
-       alt=" [rysunek: filozofuj±ca GNU] "
-       width="160" height="200" /></a>
-</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<p>
-Dawno, dawno temu, w czasach prasy drukarskiej, dla bran¿y wydawniczej 
ustanowiono pewne przepisy prawne reguluj±ce jej dzia³anie. Nazwano je prawem 
autorskim, copyright (ang. &bdquo;prawo o kopiowaniu&rdquo;). Celem tej 
regulacji przemys³owej by³o wspieranie publikacji ró¿norodnych prac pisanych. 
Metod± by³a wprowadzona konieczno¶æ uzyskiwania przez wydawców zgody autora na 
przedruk nowszych prac.</p>
-<p>
-Zwykli czytelnicy nie mieli powodów do niezadowolenia, gdy¿ prawo autorskie 
ogranicza³o tylko publikacjê, a&nbsp;nie to, co móg³by zrobiæ czytelnik. Nawet 
je¶li podnios³o to nieco cenê ksi±¿ki, by³y to tylko pieni±dze. Prawo autorskie 
dzia³a³o dla dobra publicznego, zgodnie z&nbsp;zamierzeniami, i&nbsp;by³o 
stosunkowo bezbolesne dla spo³eczeñstwa. Dobrze spe³nia³o swoje 
zadania&nbsp;&ndash; wówczas.</p>
-<p>
-Potem pojawi³ siê nowy sposób rozpowszechniania informacji: komputery 
i&nbsp;sieci. Zalet± technologii cyfrowych jest ³atwo¶æ kopiowania 
i&nbsp;przetwarzania informacji, w&nbsp;tym równie¿ oprogramowania, nagrañ 
muzycznych i&nbsp;ksi±¿ek. Sieci zaoferowa³y mo¿liwo¶æ nieograniczonego dostêpu 
do wszelkiego rodzaju danych&nbsp;&ndash; informacyjn± utopiê.</p>
-<p>
-Jednak na drodze sta³a jedna przeszkoda: prawo autorskie. Czytelnicy, którzy 
korzystali ze swych komputerów do dzielenia siê opublikowan± informacj± 
z&nbsp;innymi byli, z&nbsp;formalnego punktu widzenia, lud¼mi ³ami±cymi prawo 
autorskie. ¦wiat siê zmieni³, a&nbsp;to, co niegdy¶ by³o regulacj± przemys³ow± 
dotycz±c± wydawców, sta³o siê restrykcj± na³o¿on± na spo³eczeñstwo, któremu 
mia³o s³u¿yæ.</p>
-<p>
-W demokracji, prawo, które zabrania popularnej, naturalnej i&nbsp;przydatnej 
dzia³alno¶ci jest zwykle wkrótce rozlu¼niane. Jednak potê¿ne lobby wydawców 
by³o zdecydowane nie dopu¶ciæ do tego, by spo³eczeñstwo wykorzystywa³o zalety 
tkwi±ce w&nbsp;mo¿liwo¶ciach komputerów. Zauwa¿yli, ¿e odpowiedni± broni± jest 
prawo autorskie. Pod ich wp³ywem, zamiast rozlu¼niæ system praw autorskich, 
rz±dy zaostrzy³y je jeszcze bardziej ni¿ kiedykolwiek wcze¶niej, nak³adaj±c 
surowe kary na czytelników przy³apanych na dzieleniu siê informacj±.</p>
-<p>
-Ale na tym siê nie skoñczy³o. Komputery mog± potê¿nymi narzêdziami dominacji, 
gdy niewielka grupa osób kontroluje to, co robi± komputery innych. Wydawcy 
u¶wiadomili sobie, ¿e narzucaj±c ludziom u¿ywanie do czytania ksi±¿ek 
elektronicznych (e-books) specjalnie zaprojektowanego oprogramowania, mog± 
zyskaæ nies³ychan± w³adzê: przymuszania czytelnika do zidentyfikowania siê 
i&nbsp;zap³acenia, za ka¿dym razem, gdy chce przeczytaæ ksi±¿kê!</p>
-<p>
-Oto marzenie wydawców, którzy nak³onili rz±d USA do przyjêcia w roku 1998 
prawa Digital Millennium Copyright Act (Akt o&nbsp;prawach autorskich 
w&nbsp;cyfrowym tysi±cleciu). Ten akt daje im absolutn± w³adzê prawn± nad 
niemal wszystkim, co czytelnik móg³by zrobiæ z&nbsp;ksi±¿k± elektroniczn±. 
Nawet czytanie bez przyznanego zezwolenia jest przestêpstwem!</p>
-<p>
-Nadal mamy te same stare swobody w korzystaniu z papierowych ksi±¿ek. Ale 
je¶li ksi±¿ki elektroniczne zast±pi± drukowane, niewiele bêdzie po¿ytku 
z&nbsp;tego wyj±tku. Dziêki &bdquo;elektronicznemu atramentowi&rdquo;, który 
daje mo¿liwo¶æ
-¶ci±gniêcia nowego tekstu na pozornie &bdquo;zadrukowany&rdquo; kawa³ek 
papieru, nawet gazety mog± staæ siê efemeryczne. Wyobra¼cie sobie: nie bêdzie 
ju¿ sklepów z&nbsp;u¿ywanymi ksi±¿kami, ¿adnego po¿yczania ksi±¿ki 
przyjacielowi, ¿adnego wypo¿yczania z&nbsp;biblioteki publicznej&nbsp;&ndash; 
¿adnych &bdquo;szczelin&rdquo;, które dawa³yby komu¶ szanse czytania bez 
p³acenia. (A&nbsp;s±dz±c po reklamach czytnika Microsoft Reader, nie bêdzie te¿ 
mo¿liwo¶ci anonimowego kupna ksi±¿ek). Oto ¶wiat, jaki zamy¶laj± dla nas 
wydawcy.</p>
-<p>
-Dlaczego tak niewiele jest publicznych debat na temat tak donios³ych zmian? 
Wiêkszo¶æ obywateli nie mia³a jeszcze sposobno¶ci borykaæ siê 
z&nbsp;politycznymi kwestiami, jakie niesie ze sob± ta futurystyczna 
technologia. Oprócz tego, spo³eczeñstwo uczono my¶leæ, ¿e prawa autorskie 
istniej±, by &bdquo;chroniæ&rdquo; ich posiadaczy, z&nbsp;czego wynika, ¿e 
interesy samej spo³eczno¶ci siê nie licz±.</p>
-<p>
-Jednak kiedy ogó³ spo³eczeñstwa zacznie korzystaæ z&nbsp;elektronicznych 
ksi±¿ek i&nbsp;odkryje, jakie rz±dy przygotowali dla nich wydawcy, ludzie 
zaczn± siê sprzeciwiaæ. Ludzko¶æ nie bêdzie znosiæ tego jarzma wiecznie.</p>
-<p>
-Wydawcy bêd± chcieli, by¶my uwierzyli, ¿e pe³ne zakazów prawo autorskie jest 
jedynym sposobem na utrzymanie przy ¿yciu twórczo¶ci artystycznej, ale nie 
potrzebujemy Wojny o&nbsp;Kopiowanie, ¿eby wspieraæ ró¿norodno¶æ wydawanych 
dzie³. Jak pokaza³ przypadek grupy muzycznej Grateful Dead, prywatne kopiowanie 
miêdzy mi³o¶nikami niekoniecznie jest problemem dla artystów. Dziêki 
legalizacji kopiowania ksi±¿ek elektronicznych miêdzy przyjació³mi mo¿emy 
z&nbsp;powrotem przekszta³ciæ prawo autorskie w&nbsp;regulacjê przemys³ow±, 
jak± by³o niegdy¶.</p>
-<p>
-W stosunku do niektórych rodzajów pi¶miennictwa powinni¶my posun±æ siê nawet 
dalej. W&nbsp;przypadku prac naukowych i&nbsp;monografii ka¿dy powinien byæ 
zachêcany do udostêpniania w&nbsp;sieci wiernych kopii. Ponowna publikacja prac 
w&nbsp;taki w³a¶nie sposób pomaga chroniæ osi±gniêcia naukowe, równocze¶nie 
czyni±c je bardziej dostêpnymi. Dla podrêczników i&nbsp;wiêkszo¶ci informatorów 
powinna byæ dozwolona tak¿e publikacja zmienionych wersji, gdy¿ to przyczynia 
siê do ich ulepszania.</p>
-<p>
-I na koniec, kiedy sieci komputerowe udostêpni± nam metodê ³atwego przes³ania 
niewielkiej sumy pieniêdzy, zniknie ca³e uzasadnienie ograniczania wiernego 
kopiowania. Je¶li spodoba³aby siê wam ksi±¿ka, a&nbsp;na ekranie komputera 
ukaza³oby siê okienko z napisem &bdquo;Kliknij tu, by daæ autorowi jednego 
dolara&rdquo;, nie kliknêliby¶cie? Prawo autorskie reguluj±ce kopiowanie 
ksi±¿ek i&nbsp;muzyki, odnosz±c siê do dystrybucji wiernych niezmienionych 
kopii, stanie siê ca³kowicie przestarza³e. Odpowiedni czas ju¿ nadszed³!</p>
-<!-- I&nbsp;nie jest na to ani trochê za wcze¶nie! -->
-
-<hr />
-<p><b><a href="/philosophy/philosophy.pl.html#Laws">Inne teksty</a></b></p>
-<hr />
-
-<div class="translations">
-<p><a id="translations"></a>
-<b>T³umaczenia tej strony</b>:<br />
-[
-  <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.de.html">Deutsch</a>
-| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">English</a>
-| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.es.html">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>
-| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.fr.html">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>
-| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.it.html">Italiano</a>
-| <a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ja.html">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>
-| <a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ko.html">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>
-| <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.pl.html">Polski</a>
-| <a 
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.ru.html">&#x0420;&#x0443;&#x0441;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;&#x0439;</a>
-]
-</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class="copyright">
-<p>
-Powrót do <a href="/home.pl.html">strony g³ównej Projektu GNU</a>.
-</p>
-
-<p>
-Pytania dotycz±ce GNU i FSF prosimy kierowaæ na adres <a 
href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-Istniej± tak¿e <a href="/home.pl.html#ContactInfo">inne sposoby skontaktowania 
siê</a> z&nbsp;FSF.
-<br />
-Uwagi dotycz±ce naszych stron internetowych prosimy wysy³aæ na adres <a 
href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>, natomiast inne 
pytania na adres
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.</p>
-<p>
-Copyright (C) 2000 Richard Stallman
-<br />
-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
-permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
-<br />
-Zezwala siê na wykonywanie i&nbsp;dystrybucjê wiernych kopii tego tekstu,
-niezale¿nie od no¶nika, pod warunkiem zachowania niniejszego zezwolenia.
-</p>
-<p>
-T³umaczenie:
-<a href="/server/standards/README.Polish-translation.pl.html"><em>Grupa 
t³umaczy witryny Projektu GNU</em></a>
-(<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>).
-<br />
-</p>
-<p>
-Aktualizowane:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2006/06/27 16:05:54 $ $Author: wkotwica $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-
-</body>
-</html>

Index: freedom-or-copyright.ru.html
===================================================================
RCS file: freedom-or-copyright.ru.html
diff -N freedom-or-copyright.ru.html
--- freedom-or-copyright.ru.html        13 Feb 2001 01:26:06 -0000      1.1
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,187 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
-<HTML LANG="ru">
-<HEAD>
-<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=koi8-r">
-<TITLE>ó×ÏÂÏÄÁ ÉÌÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á? - ðÒÏÅËÔ GNU - æÏÎÄ ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÏÇÏ ðï 
(FSF)</TITLE>
-</HEAD>
-<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
-
-<H3>ó×ÏÂÏÄÁ ÉÌÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á?<BR>
-(<A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Freedom-Or 
Copyright?</A>)</H3>
-
-<P>
-<STRONG>òÉÞÁÒÄ óÔÏÌÌÍÅÎ</STRONG> (<A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard 
Stallman</A>)
-
-<P>
-óÅÒÇÅÊ ëÏÒÏÐ (ÐÅÒ. Ó ÁÎÇÌ.)
-
-<P>
-
-<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
-   ALT=" [image of a Philosophical Gnu] "
-   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
-
-<P>
-
-<HR>
-
-<P>
-ëÏÇÄÁ-ÔÏ ÄÁ×ÎÙÍ-ÄÁ×ÎÏ, ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÅÎÁ ÐÅÞÁÔÎÏÇÏ ÐÒÅÓÓÁ, ÓÒÅÄÉ ÐÉÓÁÔÅÌÅÊ É × ÏÔÒÁÓÌÉ
-ËÎÉÇÏÉÚÄÁÔÅÌØÓÔ×Á ÂÙÌ ××ÅÄÅÎ ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍ ÒÅÇÕÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ×ÚÁÉÍÏÏÔÎÏÛÅÎÉÊ. åÇÏ 
-ÎÁÚ×ÁÌÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÍ ÐÒÁ×ÏÍ. îÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅÍ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÇÏ ÐÒÁ×Á ÂÙÌÏ ÐÏÏÝÒÑÔØ 
-ÐÕÂÌÉËÁÃÉÀ ÒÁÚÎÏÏÂÒÁÚÎÙÈ ÐÉÓØÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÔÒÕÄÏ×. íÅÔÏÄ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÇÏ ÐÒÁ×Á ÓÏÓÔÏÑÌ × 
-ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌÉ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÌÉ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÅÎÉÅ Á×ÔÏÒÏ× ÎÁÐÅÞÁÔÁÔØ ÉÈ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ.
-
-<P>
-òÑÄÏ×ÙÅ ÞÉÔÁÔÅÌÉ ÎÅ ÉÍÅÌÉ ÐÒÉÞÉÎ ÄÌÑ ÎÅÄÏ×ÏÌØÓÔ×Á, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á
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-Õ×ÅÌÉÞÉ×ÁÌÁÓØ ÃÅÎÁ ËÎÉÇÉ, ÜÔÏ ÂÙÌÉ ×ÓÅÇÏ ÌÉÛØ ÄÅÎØÇÉ. á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÅ ÐÒÁ×Ï ÄÁ×ÁÌÏ
-×ÙÇÏÄÕ ÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Õ, ËÁË ÂÙÌÏ ÚÁÄÕÍÁÎÏ, ÎÅ ÓÉÌØÎÏ ÅÇÏ ÏÂÒÅÍÅÎÑÑ. æÕÎËÃÉÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÏÇÏ
-ÐÒÁ×Á × ÔÅ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÁ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÌÉÓØ ÎÉÍ ÈÏÒÏÛÏ.
-
-<P>
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-É ÓÅÔÉ. ðÒÅÉÍÕÝÅÓÔ×Ï ÃÉÆÒÏ×ÙÈ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÏÎÎÙÈ ÔÅÈÎÏÌÏÇÉÊ × ÔÏÍ, ÞÔÏ ÏÎÉ 
ÏÂÌÅÇÞÁÀÔ
-ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ É ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÕ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ, 
ÍÕÚÙËÁÌØÎÙÅ
-ÚÁÐÉÓÉ É ËÎÉÇÉ. óÅÔÉ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÎÅÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÎÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ
-ËÏ ×ÓÅÍ ×ÉÄÁÍ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ --- Ó×ÏÅÇÏ ÒÏÄÁ, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÏÎÎÕÀ ÕÔÏÐÉÀ.
-
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-îÏ ÎÁ ÐÕÔÉ ÓÔÏÑÌÁ ÏÄÎÁ ÐÒÅÇÒÁÄÁ: Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÅ ÐÒÁ×Á. þÉÔÁÔÅÌÉ, ×ÏÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×Á×ÛÉÅÓÑ
-Ó×ÏÉÍÉ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÍÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÍÅÎÁ ÏÐÕÂÌÉËÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÂÙÌÉ, Ó ÆÏÒÍÁÌØÎÏÊ
-ÔÏÞËÉ ÚÒÅÎÉÑ, ÎÁÒÕÛÉÔÅÌÑÍÉ Á×ÔÏÒÓËÉÈ ÐÒÁ×. íÉÒ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÌÓÑ, É ÔÏ, ÞÔÏ ÂÙÌÏ
-ÒÁÎÅÅ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÏÍ ÒÅÇÕÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌØÓËÏÊ ÄÅÑÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ, ÐÒÅ×ÒÁÔÉÌÏÓØ × 
-ÐÏÍÅÈÕ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÝÅÓÔ×Á, ËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ ÐÒÉÚ×ÁÎÏ ÓÌÕÖÉÔØ.
-
-<P>
-÷ ÄÅÍÏËÒÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÕÓÌÏ×ÉÑÈ ÚÁËÏÎ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÚÁÐÒÅÝÁÅÔ ÐÏÐÕÌÑÒÎÕÀ, ÅÓÔÅÓÔ×ÅÎÎÕÀ É
-ÐÏÌÅÚÎÕÀ ÄÅÑÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔØ, ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ×ÓËÏÒÅ ÏÓÌÁÂÌÑÅÔÓÑ. îÏ ÍÏÝÎÏÅ ÉÚÄÁÔÅÌØÓËÏÅ ÌÏÂÂÉ
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-&copy;&nbsp;2000 òÉÞÁÒÄ óÔÏÌÌÍÅÎ. 
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