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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy essays-and-articles.ja.html po/e... |
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Date: |
Mon, 18 Oct 2021 04:04:01 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/10/18 04:04:01
Modified files:
philosophy : essays-and-articles.ja.html
philosophy/po : essays-and-articles.ja-diff.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/essays-and-articles.ja.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.80&r2=1.81
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.15&r2=1.16
Patches:
Index: essays-and-articles.ja.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/essays-and-articles.ja.html,v
retrieving revision 1.80
retrieving revision 1.81
diff -u -b -r1.80 -r1.81
--- essays-and-articles.ja.html 10 Jul 2021 10:01:29 -0000 1.80
+++ essays-and-articles.ja.html 18 Oct 2021 08:02:37 -0000 1.81
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE"
value="/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-19" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ja.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -12,6 +17,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ja.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/philosophy-menu.ja.html" -->
<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.ja.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.ja.html" -->
<h2>å°è«ã¨è«èª¬</h2>
<div class="thin"></div>
@@ -557,7 +563,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
æçµæ´æ°:
-$Date: 2021/07/10 10:01:29 $
+$Date: 2021/10/18 08:02:37 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/essays-and-articles.ja-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.ja-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/essays-and-articles.ja-diff.html 26 Jun 2019 20:32:25 -0000 1.15
+++ po/essays-and-articles.ja-diff.html 18 Oct 2021 08:03:15 -0000 1.16
@@ -11,57 +11,35 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.79</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.86</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
-
<title>Essays and Articles
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+.toc { margin-bottom: 1em; }
+.toc ul { font-weight: normal; }
+.toc > ul > li { list-style-type: none; font-weight: bold; }
+@media (min-width:55em) { .toc > ul > li { display: inline-block; width:
95%; }}
+.reduced-width > h3 { margin-top: 1.5em; border-bottom: 2px solid #bbb; }
+ ul.no-bullet li { text-indent: -1.5em; }
+ .date-tag { font-size: .875em; position: relative; bottom: .05em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
-<div id="education-content">
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/philosophy-menu.html" -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
-<!--#if expr="$OUTDATED_SINCE" --><!--#else -->
-<!--#if expr="$LANGUAGE_SUFFIX" -->
-<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="no" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
-<!--#endif -->
-<!--#endif -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div
class="reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Essays and Articles</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
-<div class="summary">
-<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="#aboutfs">About Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="#aboutgnu">About the GNU Operating
System</a></li>
- <li><a href="#LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free
Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="#Laws">Laws and Issues</a>
- <ul>
- <li><a href="#patents">Patents</a></li>
- <li><a href="#copyright">Copyright</a></li>
- <li><a href="#drm">Digital Restrictions
Management</a></li>
- <li><a href="#noip">The propaganda term “Intellectual
Property”</a></li>
- <li><a href="#ns">Network Services</a></li>
- <li><a href="#cultural">Cultural and Social
Issues</a></li>
- <li><a href="#misc">Misc</a></li>
- </ul></li>
- <li><a href="#terminology">Terminology and
Definitions</a></li>
- <li><a href="#upholding">Upholding Software
Freedom</a></li>
- <li><a href="#humor">Philosophical Humor</a></li>
-</ul>
-<hr class="no-display" />
-</div>
-
+<div class="comment">
<p>This page lists a series of articles describing the philosophy of the
free software movement, which is the motivation for our development of
the free software operating system GNU.</p>
-<p>A <a href="/philosophy/latest-articles.html">list of the latest
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p>A <a
href="/philosophy/latest-articles.html">list of the latest
published articles</a> is also available.</p>
<p>
@@ -74,7 +52,72 @@
keep a list of
<a href="/links/links.html#FreedomOrganizations">Organizations
that Work for Freedom in
-Computer Development and Electronic Communications</a>.</p>
+Computer Development</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p>The most important articles are
marked with asterisks,</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Electronic
Communications</a>.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>listed first
+in each category. The other ones are in reverse chronological
order.</p></em></ins></span>
+</div>
+
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="summary" style="margin-top:
1.2em"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="toc"></em></ins></span>
+<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><ul></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><ul class="columns"></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a href="#aboutfs">About Free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Software</a></li></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Software</a>
+ <ul></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#aboutgnu">About
the</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#principles">Principles</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#practice">Practice</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#extension">Extension to other
areas</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#mix">Mixing free and nonfree</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#free-open">Free software and open
source</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">The</em></ins></span> GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Operating
System</a></li></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Project</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#fsmovement">The free software
movement</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#need">The need for free
software</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#action">Guide for action</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a href="#LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Software</a></li></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Software</a>
+ <ul></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#Laws">Laws
and</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/licenses/licenses.html">General
information</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#copyleft">Copyleft</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#non-copyleft">Non-copyleft</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#traps">Licensing traps</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#Laws">Legal</em></ins></span> Issues</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="#patents">Patents</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#copyright">Copyright</a></li>
+ <li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#drm">Digital
Restrictions Management</a></li>
+ <li><a</strong></del></span> href="#noip">The propaganda
term “Intellectual
+ Property”</a></li>
+ <li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#ns">Network
Services</a></li></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#sco">Response to SCO's
attacks</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a href="#cultural">Cultural and Social <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Issues</a></li>
+ </ul></li></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Issues</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="#society">Digital society</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#drm">Digital restrictions
management</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#ns">Network services</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#access">Accessing culture</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#funding">Funding cultural
works</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#evils">Surveillance, censorship, lock-in,
etc.</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html">Proprietary
malware</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a href="#terminology">Terminology and
Definitions</a></li>
+ <li><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="#upholding">Upholding Software
Freedom</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#misc">Misc</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#humor">Philosophical</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Philosophical</em></ins></span>
Humor</a></li>
+</ul>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><div style="width: 47em; max-width:
100%"></strong></del></span>
<h3 id="aboutfs">About Free Software</h3>
<p>
@@ -85,164 +128,602 @@
These possibilities make software as useful as it is; we believe
software users should be able to make use of them.</p>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">What is Free
Software?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/why-free.html">Why
- Software Should Not Have Owners</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">Why
- Software Should Be Free</a> (This is an older and longer
- essay about the same topic as the previous one)</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Why Free Software Needs
- Free Documentation</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/when-free-depends-on-nonfree.html">
- When Free Software Depends on Nonfree</a></li>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><ul>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">What</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><h4 id="principles">Principles</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1996… ]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">
+ What</em></ins></span> is Free Software?</a></li>
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/why-free.html">Why</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">*[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">
+ Free Software Is Even More Important Now</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/selling.html">
+ Selling Free Software</a>
+ — This is OK!</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-run.html">
+ Why programs must not limit the freedom to run them</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — Freedom 0 must not be limited.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2007]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/your-freedom-needs-free-software.html">
+ Your Freedom Needs Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1994]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/why-free.html">
+ Why</em></ins></span> Software Should Not Have <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Owners</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">Why</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Owners</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1991]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">
+ Why</em></ins></span> Software Should Be Free</a> <span
class="removed"><del><strong>(This is an</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>(by RMS)
+ — An</em></ins></span> older and longer essay about the same topic as
the
+ previous <span class="removed"><del><strong>one)</li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Why</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>one.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="practice">Practice</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1999-2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="/philosophy/when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.html">
+ When Free Software Isn't (Practically) Superior</a>
+ (by Benjamin Mako Hill)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html">
+ Applying the Free Software Criteria</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/imperfection-isnt-oppression.html">
+ Imperfection is not the same as oppression</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html">
+ Android and Users' Freedom</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1997-2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/software/reliability.html">
+ Free Software is More Reliable!</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="extension">Extension to other areas</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">
+ Why</em></ins></span> Free Software Needs Free
Documentation</a></li>
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-software-rocket.html">
+ Should Rockets Have Only Free Software? Free Software and
Appliances</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html">
+ Free Hardware and Free Hardware Designs</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html">
+ What Does It Mean for Your Computer to Be Loyal?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/network-services-arent-free-or-nonfree.html">
+ Network Services Aren't Free or Nonfree; They Raise Other Issues</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/gnutella.html" id="Gnutella">
+ Regarding Gnutella</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="mix">Mixing free and nonfree</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2016]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span>
href="/philosophy/when-free-depends-on-nonfree.html">
+ When Free Software Depends on <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Nonfree</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/selling.html">Selling Free
Software</a> is OK!</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free and
- Non-Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/floss-and-foss.html"> FLOSS and
FOSS</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories
of</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Nonfree</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/is-ever-good-use-nonfree-program.html">
+ Is It Ever a Good Thing to Use a Nonfree Program?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/mcvoy.html">
+ Thank You, Larry McVoy</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/udi.html">
+ The</em></ins></span> Free <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Software
Movement</em></ins></span> and
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>Non-Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/floss-and-foss.html">
FLOSS</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>UDI</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="free-open">Free software</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>FOSS</a></li>
<li><a href="/software/reliability.html">Free Software is More
Reliable!</a></li>
<li><a
href="/philosophy/when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.html">
When Free Software Isn't (Practically) Superior</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Why
- “Open Source” misses the point of Free
Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-open-overlap.html">How Free
Software and
- Open Source Relate as Categories of Programs</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/linux-gnu-freedom.html">Linux, GNU, and
- Freedom</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Why</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>open source</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2007-2021]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">
+ Why</em></ins></span> “Open Source” <span
class="removed"><del><strong>misses</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Misses</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>point</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Point</em></ins></span> of Free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Software</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/free-open-overlap.html">How</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-open-overlap.html">
+ How</em></ins></span> Free Software and Open Source Relate as Categories of
Programs</a></li>
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/linux-gnu-freedom.html">Linux,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/floss-and-foss.html">
+ FLOSS and FOSS</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/linux-gnu-freedom.html">
+ Linux,</em></ins></span> GNU, and
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>Freedom</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/gnutella.html"
id="Gnutella">Regarding Gnutella</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/schools.html">Why Schools Should Use
- Exclusively Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/my_doom.html">MyDoom and
You</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/15-years-of-free-software.html">
- 15 Years of Free Software</a></li>
+ Exclusively</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Freedom</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html">
+ Letter from RMS to the Editor of Dr. Dobb's Journal</a>
+ on the distinction between open source and the free software
movement.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">
+ “Open Source Software” or “Free Software”?</a>
+ (replaced by <a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">
+ Why “Open Source” Misses the Point of</em></ins></span> Free
<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Software</a></li></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Software</a>)</li>
+</ul>
+
+
+<h3 id="upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</h3>
+
+<h4>The GNU Project</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet"></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/philosophy/my_doom.html">MyDoom and
You</a></li></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/gnu.html">The GNU Operating
System</a>
+ — History, relationship with Linux, etc.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="fsmovement">The free software movement</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet"></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.fsf.org/">
+ The official website of the Free Software Foundation</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/use-free-software.html">
+ The Free Software Community After 20 Years</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — With great but incomplete success, what now?</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span> href="/philosophy/15-years-of-free-software.html">
+ 15 Years of Free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Software</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-intro.html">Free Software
movement</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/your-freedom-needs-free-software.html">
Your Freedom Needs Free Software</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">
- Motives For Writing Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">Measures
- Governments Can Use to Promote Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/uruguay.html">Lesson from
Uruguay</a>. The FSF
- learned something from a bill presented in Uruguay.</li>
- <li><a
href="/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-run.html">
- Why programs must not limit the freedom to run them</a> —
+ Motives For Writing</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-software-intro.html"></em></ins></span>
+ Free <span class="removed"><del><strong>Software</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">Measures</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Software Movement</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="need">The need for free software</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2011-2017]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">
+ Measures</em></ins></span> Governments Can Use to Promote Free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Software</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/uruguay.html">Lesson</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2009-2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/education/edu-schools.html">
+ Why Schools Should Use Exclusively Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/technological-neutrality.html">
+ Technological Neutrality and Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/uruguay.html">
+ Lesson</em></ins></span> from <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Uruguay</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Uruguay</a>
+ —</em></ins></span> The FSF learned something from a bill presented in
Uruguay.</li>
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-run.html">
+ Why programs must not limit</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/second-sight.html">
+ Free Software and (e-)Government</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/fs-and-sustainable-development.html">
+ Free Software and Sustainable Development</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — A short article regarding</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>freedom</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>use of proprietary software in
+ cultural development.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="action">Guide for action</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">
+ Saying No</em></ins></span> to <span class="removed"><del><strong>run
them</a> —
Freedom 0 must not be limited.</li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/imperfection-isnt-oppression.html">
- Imperfection is not the same as oppression</a></li>
+ Imperfection</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unjust computing even once</em></ins></span> is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>not</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>help</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">
+ Motives For Writing Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2002-2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html" id="NoWordAttachments">
+ We Can Put an End to Word Attachments</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/install-fest-devil.html">
+ Install Fests: What to Do about</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>same as oppression</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html">
- Applying the Free Software Criteria</a></li>
+ Applying</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Deal
with</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>Free Software
Criteria</a></li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="aboutgnu">About the GNU Operating System</h3>
+<h3 id="aboutgnu">About</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Devil</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/upgrade-windows.html">
+ What Is</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU
Operating System</h3>
<ul>
- <li><a href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Initial
announcement of
- the GNU Operating System</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/manifesto.html">The GNU
Manifesto</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/gnu-history.html">Brief history of the GNU
Project</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Initial
announcement</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Right Way to
Upgrade an Installation</em></ins></span> of
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>the GNU Operating
System</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/manifesto.html">The</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Windows?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2018]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/kind-communication.html"></em></ins></span>
+ GNU <span class="removed"><del><strong>Manifesto</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/gnu-history.html">Brief
history</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Kind
Communications Guidelines</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2017]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/hackathons.html">
+ Why Hackathons Should Insist on Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/contradictory-support.html">
+ Beware</em></ins></span> of <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Contradictory
“Support”</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/devils-advocate.html">
+ Why</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU
Project</a></li>
<li><a href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">The GNU Project</a>,
- a longer and more complete description of the project and its
+ a longer and more complete description of</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Devil's Advocate Doesn't Help Reach</em></ins></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>project and its
history.</li>
- <li><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/fsf/fsf.html">What
is</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/fsf/fsf.html">The official website
of</em></ins></span> the Free Software <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Foundation?</a></li></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Foundation</a></li></em></ins></span>
- <li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/fsf/fsf.html">The official
website</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Truth</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2010]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/practical.html">
+ The Advantages</em></ins></span> of <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Free
Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/pirate-party.html">
+ How</em></ins></span> the <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Swedish Pirate
Party Platform Backfires on</em></ins></span> Free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Software Foundation</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></li></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/lest-codeplex-perplex.html">
+ Lest CodePlex perplex</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ucita.html">
+ Why We Must Fight UCITA</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/compromise.html">
+ Avoiding Ruinous Compromises</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2007]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/social-inertia.html">
+ Overcoming Social Inertia</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/my_doom.html">
+ MyDoom and You</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/kevin-cole-response.html">
+ A Response Letter to the Word Attachments</a>
+ (by Kevin Cole)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/anonymous-response.html">
+ A Response to Word Attachments</a></li></em></ins></span>
</ul>
+
<h3 id="LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</h3>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">General information on
licensing
- and copyleft</a></li>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><ul></strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><ul class="no-bullet"></em></ins></span>
+ <li><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/licenses/licenses.html">General</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/licenses/licenses.html">
+ Licenses</a>
+ — General</em></ins></span> information on licensing and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>copyleft</a></li>
<li><a href="/licenses/license-list.html">A list of free and
nonfree
licenses, with comments</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/gpl-faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions
About
- the GNU Licenses</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/licenses/gpl-faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions
About</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>copyleft</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="copyleft">Copyleft</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/why-copyleft.html">
+ Why Copyleft?</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">
+ Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2009-2017]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">
+ On Selling Exceptions to</em></ins></span> the GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Licenses</a></li>
<li><a href="/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html">Why You Shouldn't Use
the
Lesser GPL for Your Next Library</a></li>
<li><a
href="/licenses/copyleft.html">Copyleft</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/why-copyleft.html">Why
Copyleft?</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/university.html">Releasing Free
Software if
- You Work at a University</a></li>
+ You Work at</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GPL</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/assigning-copyright.html">
+ When</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>University</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">Copyleft: Pragmatic
Idealism</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/javascript-trap.html">Javascript
Trap</a>.
You may be running nonfree programs on your computer
every day without realizing it—through your web
browser.</li>
- <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/blogs/licensing/20050211.html">
- Censorship envy and licensing</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="http://www.fsf.org/blogs/licensing/20050211.html"></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Company Asks For Your
Copyright</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/licensing/20050211.html"></em></ins></span>
+ Censorship envy and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>licensing</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/x.html">The X Window System
Trap</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/apsl.html">The Problems of the Apple
License</a></li>
<li><a href="/licenses/bsd.html">The BSD License
Problem</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl.html">The Netscape Public
License
- Has Serious Problems</a>. An <a
href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html">
- earlier version of this article</a> is also available.</li>
+ Has Serious Problems</a>. An</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>licensing</a>
+ (by David “Novalis” Turner, on
<i>fsf.org</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html">
+ earlier version</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/archive/downloads/research/gpl/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf">
+ English translation</em></ins></span> of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>this article</a> is also
available.</li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/udi.html">The Free Software Movement
and UDI</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gates.html">It's not the Gates, it's
the
- bars</a>, an article by Richard Stallman published in BBC News in
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/gates.html">It's not the Gates,
it's</strong></del></span> the
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>bars</a>, an article by Richard
Stallman published in BBC News in
2008.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft.html">Is Microsoft the Great
Satan?</a>
- (An <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-old.html">older
version</a> of
- this article is also available.)</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft.html">Is
Microsoft</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>famous decision
of</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>Great
Satan?</a>
+ (An <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-old.html">older
version</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>District Court</em></ins></span> of
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>this article is also
available.)</li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-antitrust.html">The Microsoft
Antitrust Trial and Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html">On the
Microsoft Verdict</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html">On</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Munich</a> regarding</em></ins></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>Microsoft Verdict</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-new-monopoly.html">
Microsoft's New Monopoly</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/lest-codeplex-perplex.html">
Lest CodePlex perplex</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/plan-nine.html" id="PlanNineLicense">
- The Problems of the Plan 9 License</a></li>
+ The Problems</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>enforceability and validity</em></ins></span> of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>Plan 9 License</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/motif.html" id="MotifLicense">
The New Motif License</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html" id="UsingGFDL">Using
the GNU FDL</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-way.html"
id="GPLAmericanWay">
- The GNU GPL and the American Way</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-dream.html"
id="GPLAmericanDream">
- The GNU GPL and the American Dream</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.html" id="EnforcingGPL">
- Enforcing the GNU GPL</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html"
id="UsingGFDL">Using</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GPL (by</em></ins></span>
+ the <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU FDL</a></li>
+ <li><a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>translators of the Oxford Internet Institute, on
+ <i>oii.ox.ac.uk</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/university.html">
+ Releasing Free Software if You Work at a University</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span> href="/philosophy/gpl-american-way.html"
id="GPLAmericanWay">
+ The GNU GPL and the American <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Way</a></li>
+ <li><a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Way</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span> href="/philosophy/gpl-american-dream.html"
id="GPLAmericanDream">
+ The GNU GPL and the American <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Dream</a></li>
+ <li><a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Dream</a>
+ (by Bradley M. Kuhn)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-power.html" id="FreedomOrPower">
+ Freedom or Power?</a>
+ (by Bradley M. Kuhn and RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.html">
+ GPL-compliant version of RTLinux Open Patent License in
Works</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span> href="/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.html"
id="EnforcingGPL">
+ Enforcing the GNU <span class="removed"><del><strong>GPL</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">
- On Selling Exceptions to the GNU GPL</a></li>
+ On Selling Exceptions to</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GPL</a>
+ (by Eben Moglen)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html" id="UsingGFDL">
+ Using</em></ins></span> the GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GPL</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-power.html"
id="FreedomOrPower">
Freedom or Power?</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html"
id="NoWordAttachments">
- We Can Put an End to Word Attachments</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/java-trap.html" id="JavaTrap">
- Free But Shackled - The Java Trap</a> (Although Sun has
- <a href="http://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html">
- relicensed</a> most of its Java platform reference implementation
- under the GNU General Public License, the issue described in this
- article still remains important.)</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.html">GPL-compliant
version
- of RTLinux Open Patent License in Works</a></li>
+ We Can Put</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>FDL</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="Laws">Laws and Issues</h3>
+<h4 id="non-copyleft">Non-copyleft</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/apsl.html">
+ FSF's Opinion of the Apple Public Source License (APSL)
2.0</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/plan-nine.html" id="PlanNineLicense">
+ The Problems of the (Earlier) Plan 9 License</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl.html">
+ On the Netscape Public License</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ [<a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html">older
version</a>]</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/netscape.html">
+ Netscape and Free Software</a>
+ — An old article that clarifies some misunderstandings
about</em></ins></span> an <span class="removed"><del><strong>End to Word
Attachments</a></li>
+ <li><a</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>announcement by Netscape.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1997]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/motif.html" id="MotifLicense">
+ The Motif License</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="traps">Licensing traps</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2009-2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/javascript-trap.html">
+ JavaScript Trap</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — You may be running nonfree programs on your computer every day
+ without realizing it—through your web browser.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2004-2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span> href="/philosophy/java-trap.html" id="JavaTrap">
+ Free But Shackled - The Java Trap</a> <span
class="removed"><del><strong>(Although</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>(by RMS)
+ — Although</em></ins></span> Sun has
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html"></em></ins></span>
+ relicensed</a> most of its Java platform reference implementation under
+ the GNU General Public License, the issue described in this article
+ still remains <span class="removed"><del><strong>important.)</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.html">GPL-compliant
version</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>important.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1998-2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/x.html">
+ The X Window System Trap</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2006]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/sun-in-night-time.html">
+ The Curious Incident</em></ins></span> of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>RTLinux Open Patent License</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Sun</em></ins></span> in <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Works</a></li></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>the Night-Time</a>
+ (by RMS)</li></em></ins></span>
+</ul>
-<p><a href="/philosophy/stallmans-law.html">Stallman's
Law</a></p>
+
+<h3 <span class="removed"><del><strong>id="Laws">Laws and
Issues</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="Laws">Legal issues</h3></em></ins></span>
<h4 id="patents">Patents</h4>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/limit-patent-effect.html">Giving the
Software
- Field Protection from Patents</a></li>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><ul>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/limit-patent-effect.html">Giving</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/limit-patent-effect.html">
+ Giving</em></ins></span> the Software Field Protection from <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Patents</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/w3c-patent.html">FSF's Position on W3
Consortium “Royalty-Free” Patent Policy</a>
rewritten</li>
- <li>How to Protect the <a
href="/philosophy/protecting.html">Right
+ <li>How to Protect the</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Patents</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/philosophy/protecting.html">Right
to Write Software</a> (whether it's free or not).</li>
- <li>In <a
href="https://www.eff.org/press/releases/princeton-scientists-sue-over-squelched-research">
+ <li>In</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/europes-unitary-patent.html">
+ Europe's “unitary patent” could mean unlimited software
+ patents</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2000-2007]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="https://www.eff.org/press/releases/princeton-scientists-sue-over-squelched-research">
Felten v. RIAA</a>, scientists are asking a court to rule that the
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) does not prohibit them from
publishing their research.</li>
- <li><a href="https://www.eff.org/search/site/dvd cases/">EFF
- “Intellectual Property”: MPAA (Motion Picture Association of
- America) DVD Cases Archive</a></li>
+ <li><a href="https://www.eff.org/search/site/dvd
cases/">EFF</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.eff.org/search/site/dvd%20cases/">
+ EFF</em></ins></span> “Intellectual Property”: MPAA (Motion
Picture
+ Association of America) DVD Cases Archive</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html">Patent
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html">Patent
Reform Is Not Enough</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/savingeurope.html">Saving Europe from
@@ -273,19 +754,35 @@
<li><a href="/philosophy/guardian-article.html">Opposing The
European
Software Patent Directive</a>, a slightly modified version of the
- article originally published in <a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/international">
- The Guardian</a> of London, by Richard Stallman and Nick
Hill.</li>
-
- <li><a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/aug/02/comment.business">
- Soft sell</a>. Richard Stallman's comments on the defeat of the EU
- software patenting directive. Published in <i>The Guardian</i>
in 2005.</li>
+ article originally published in</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[2006]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.theguardian.com/international"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/trivial-patent.html"></em></ins></span>
+ The <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Guardian</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Anatomy</em></ins></span> of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>London, by Richard Stallman and Nick
Hill.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/aug/02/comment.business"></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>a Trivial Patent</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-new-monopoly.html">
+ Microsoft's New Monopoly</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/aug/02/comment.business"></em></ins></span>
+ Soft <span class="removed"><del><strong>sell</a>. Richard Stallman's
comments</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>sell</a>
+ (by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)
+ — Comments</em></ins></span> on the defeat of the EU software
patenting <span class="removed"><del><strong>directive. Published in
<i>The Guardian</i> in 2005.</li>
<li><a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/jun/23/onlinesupplement.insideit">
Patent absurdity</a>, an article by Richard M. Stallman published in
<i>The Guardian</i> in 2005.</li>
- <li><a
href="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.html">Bill Gates
- and Other Communists</a>. An article by Richard Stallman published
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.html">Bill</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>directive.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.html">
+ Bill</em></ins></span> Gates and Other <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Communists</a>. An article by Richard
Stallman published
in CNET News.com in 2005.</li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/trivial-patent.html">The Anatomy of a
@@ -297,23 +794,94 @@
<li><a href="/philosophy/software-patents.html">Software patents
—
Obstacles to software development</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.html"
id="SoftwareLiteraryPatents">
- Software Patents and Literary Patents</a>, by Richard M. <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman,
- speaking</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman.
- Speaking</em></ins></span> of patenting artistic techniques, US patent
(6,935,954)
- covers making game characters start to hallucinate when (according to
- the game) they are being driven insane. That is getting pretty close
- to the hypothetical examples cited in this article.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gif.html">Why there are no GIF files on
GNU web
- <span class="removed"><del><strong>pages</a>,</strong></del></span>
- <span class="inserted"><ins><em>pages</a>.</em></ins></span> While
this story is a historical illustration of the danger of
+ <li><a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Communists</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span> href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.html"
id="SoftwareLiteraryPatents">
+ Software Patents and Literary <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Patents</a>, by Richard M.
Stallman.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Patents</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ —</em></ins></span> Speaking of patenting artistic techniques, US
patent (6,935,954)
+ covers making game characters start to hallucinate when (according to the
+ game) they are being driven insane. That is getting pretty close to the
+ hypothetical examples cited in this article.</li>
+
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/gif.html">Why there are no</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html"
id="FightingSoftwarePatents">
+ Fighting Software Patents—Singly and Together</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/jun/23/onlinesupplement.insideit">
+ Patent absurdity</a>
+ (by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/w3c-patent.html">
+ FSF's Position on W3 Consortium “Royalty-Free” Patent
Policy</a>
+ (rewritten)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/guardian-article.html">
+ Opposing The European Software Patent Directive</a>
+ (by RMS and Nick Hill)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.eff.org/press/releases/princeton-scientists-sue-over-squelched-research">
+ Princeton Scientists Sue Over Squelched Research</a>
+ (press release on <i>eff.org</i>)
+ — In <cite>Felten v. RIAA</cite>, scientists ask a court
to rule that the
+ Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) does not prohibit them from
+ publishing their research.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/hague.html">
+ Harm from the Hague</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000815064858/http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf";
+ id="SequentialIPandI">
+ Sequential Innovation, Patents, and Imitation</a>
+ (by James Bessen and Eric Maskin, on
<i>researchoninnovation.org</i>, archived)
+ — This paper presents a mathematical model showing how patents can
+ impede progress in fields like software.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.html">
+ Letter from RMS to Tim O'Reilly</a>
+ in regard to a statement by Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon, on the duration of
+ software patents.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/amazon-nat.html">
+ Amazon Boycott Success!</a>
+ (a letter from Nat Friedman to RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">
+ (Formerly) Boycott Amazon!</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/amazonpatent.html">
+ Method and system for placing a purchase order via a communications
+ network</a>
+ — Amazon patent with notes by RMS</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1997]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/gif.html">
+ Why There Are No</em></ins></span> GIF <span
class="removed"><del><strong>files</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Files</em></ins></span> on GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong>web
+ pages</a>.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Web
Pages</a>
+ —</em></ins></span> While this story is a historical illustration of
the danger of
software patents, these particular patents are now no longer a concern.
For details of our website
- <a href="/server/fsf-html-style-sheet.html#UseofGraphics">
- policies regarding GIFs</a>, see our <span
class="removed"><del><strong>web</strong></del></span> <a
href="/server/standards/">
- web guidelines</a>.</li>
-</ul>
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="/server/fsf-html-style-sheet.html#UseofGraphics"></strong></del></span>
policies regarding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GIFs</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GIFs,</em></ins></span> see our <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/server/standards/">
+ web</strong></del></span>
+ <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/server/standards/gnu-website-guidelines.html#UseofGraphics">web</em></ins></span>
+ guidelines</a>.</li>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></ul>
<h4 id="copyright">Copyright</h4>
@@ -324,68 +892,210 @@
<li><a href="/philosophy/public-domain-manifesto.html">Why I
Will Not Sign
the Public Domain Manifesto</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/pirate-party.html">How the Swedish
Pirate Party
- Platform Backfires on Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/pirate-party.html">How</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/savingeurope.html">
+ Saving Europe from Software Patents</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/protecting.html">
+ Help Protect</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Swedish Pirate Party
+ Platform Backfires on</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Rights to Write Both Nonfree and</em></ins></span>
Free Software</a></li>
+
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.html">Misinterpreting
+ Copyright</a> is another essay by Richard Stallman
about</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html">
+ Patent Reform Is Not Enough</a></li>
+</ul>
- <li><a
href="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.html">Misinterpreting
- Copyright</a> is another essay by Richard Stallman about the
- flaws in popular defenses of copyright law.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/eldred-amicus.html">FSF's Brief Amicus
- Curiae in the Eldred v. Ashcroft Supreme Court case</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html">Science must
- “push copyright aside”</a>, another work of <a
- href="http://www.stallman.org">Richard Stallman</a> that appeared in
- the <a
- <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/stallman.html"></strong></del></span>
- <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050729110347/http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/stallman.html"></em></ins></span>
- Nature Webdebates</a> in 2001, explains how copyright is impeding
- progress in scientific research. You may also be interested in <a
- href="https://www.plos.org/">The Public Library of
- Science</a>, which is dedicated to making scientific research freely
- available to all on the Internet.</li>
+<h4 id="copyright">Copyright</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.html">
+ Misinterpreting Copyright—A Series of Errors</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — About</em></ins></span> the flaws in popular defenses of copyright
law.</li>
+
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/eldred-amicus.html">FSF's</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html">
+ Reevaluating Copyright: The Public Must Prevail</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2010]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/public-domain-manifesto.html">
+ Why I Will Not Sign the Public Domain Manifesto</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">
+ Freedom—or Copyright?</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ [<a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">older
version</a>]</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/eldred-amicus.html">
+ FSF's</em></ins></span> Brief Amicus Curiae in the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Eldred</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><cite>Eldred</em></ins></span> v. <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Ashcroft</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Ashcroft</cite></em></ins></span> Supreme Court
<span class="removed"><del><strong>case</a></li>
+
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html">Science</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>case</a>
+ (by Eben Moglen)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html">
+ Science</em></ins></span> must “push copyright <span
class="removed"><del><strong>aside”</a>, another work of <a
+ href="http://www.stallman.org">Richard Stallman</a> that
appeared</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>aside”</a>
+ (by RMS, first published</em></ins></span> in
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>the</strong></del></span> <a
+
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050729110347/http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/stallman.html">
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>Nature
Webdebates</a></strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><cite>Nature
WebDebates</cite></a></em></ins></span> in <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2001,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2001)
+ — This article</em></ins></span> explains how copyright is impeding
progress in
+ scientific research. You may also be interested
+ in <a
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="https://www.plos.org/">The</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://plos.org/">The</em></ins></span>
Public Library of Science</a>,
+ which is dedicated to making scientific research freely available to all
+ on the Internet.</li>
- <li><a
href="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html">Reevaluating
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html">Reevaluating
Copyright: The Public must prevail</a></li>
<li><a
href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/cyber/complaint_orig.html">
- Eldred v. Reno</a> is about a lawsuit to overturn a law that extends
- copyright by 20 extra years.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Freedom-Or
- Copyright?</a>, by Richard Stallman (an <a
- href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">older version</a>
of
+ Eldred</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030604075825/http://www.humaninfo.org/copyrigh.htm">
+ Examples of Excellent Copyright Policies</a>
+ (on <i>humaninfo.org</i>, archived)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://cyber.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/cyber/complaint_orig.html">
+ Original complaint in <cite>Eldred</em></ins></span> v. <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Reno</a> is about a</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Reno</cite></a>
+ (on <i>harvard.edu</i>)
+ — A</em></ins></span> lawsuit to overturn a law that extends copyright
by 20 extra
+ years.</li>
+
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Freedom-Or
+ Copyright?</a>, by Richard Stallman (an</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">older
version</a> of
this essay remains online as well.)</li>
- <li>An <span class="inserted"><ins><em><a
href="https://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/archive/downloads/research/gpl/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf"></em></ins></span>
- English translation of the famous
- <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="http://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/resources/feedback/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf"></strong></del></span>
- decision of the District Court of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Munich</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Munich</a></em></ins></span> regarding the
enforceability and
- validity of the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GPL</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GPL.</em></ins></span> The translation was done by
the Oxford Internet
+ <li>An</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html">
+ Comments on Roderick Long's Article</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="noip">The propaganda term “<a
+href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">Intellectual
+Property</a>”</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="https://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/archive/downloads/research/gpl/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf">
+ English translation</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">
+ Did You Say “Intellectual Property”? It's a Seductive
Mirage</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">
+ The Curious History</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Komongistan (Busting</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>famous
+ decision of</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>term
“intellectual
+ property”)</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2006]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/no-ip-ethos.html">
+ Don't Let “Intellectual Property” Twist Your Ethos</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ipjustice.html">
+ Reject IP Enforcement Directive</a>
+ — Comments on</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>District Court</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>rejection</em></ins></span> of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Munich</a> regarding</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>this directive by</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>enforceability</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>International
+ Civil Liberties Coalition.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.html">
+ Review: Boldrin</em></ins></span> and
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>validity of the GPL. The translation was
done by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Levine,
“The Case Against Intellectual
+ Property”</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="sco">Response to SCO's attacks</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003-2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">
+ FSF's Position regarding SCO's attacks on Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html">
+ SCO, GNU, and Linux</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — How SCO's lawsuit against IBM pertains to</em></ins></span> the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>Oxford Internet
Institute.</li>
<!-- This link is broken
- <li><a href="http://www.humaninfo.org/copyrigh.htm">Examples of
- Excellent Copyright Policies</a></li>
- -->
+ <li><a
href="http://www.humaninfo.org/copyrigh.htm">Examples</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>work</em></ins></span> of
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>Excellent Copyright
Policies</a></li>
+ --></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>the
+ GNU project.</li></em></ins></span>
</ul>
-<h4 id="drm">Digital Restrictions Management</h4>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><h3 id="cultural">Cultural and Social
Issues</h3></em></ins></span>
+
+<h4 <span class="removed"><del><strong>id="drm">Digital Restrictions
Management</h4>
<ul>
<li><a href="/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.html">
- Correcting My Mistake about French Law</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/the-root-of-this-problem.html">The
problem is
+ Correcting My Mistake about French</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="society">Digital society</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/stallmans-law.html">
+ Stallman's</em></ins></span> Law</a></li>
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/the-root-of-this-problem.html">The problem is
software controlled by its developer</a>, by Richard M.
Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/computing-progress.html">Computing
- “progress”: good and bad</a>, by Richard M.
Stallman.</li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/computing-progress.html">Computing</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.html">
+ Is Digital Inclusion A Good Thing? How Can We Make Sure It Is?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2007]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/computing-progress.html">
+ Computing</em></ins></span> “progress”: good and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>bad</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html">Opposing</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>bad</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/wsis.html">
+ World Summit on the Information Society</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html">Opposing Digital
Rights
- Mismanagement</a>, by Richard M. Stallman, answers a few common
- questions about DRM.</li>
+<h4 id="drm">Digital restrictions management</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2006]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html">
+ Opposing</em></ins></span> Digital Rights
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>Mismanagement</a>, by Richard M.
Stallman, answers</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Mismanagement</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — Answers to</em></ins></span> a few common questions about
DRM.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">Ebooks: Freedom Or
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">Ebooks: Freedom Or
Copyright</a> a slightly modified version of the article, originally
published in Technology Review in 2000, by Richard Stallman</li>
@@ -393,59 +1103,187 @@
Ebooks must increase our freedom, not decrease it</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">Can you trust your
- computer?</a>, a work by Richard Stallman about the so-called
- “trusted computing” initiatives.</li>
+ computer?</a>, a work by Richard Stallman about</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">*[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">
+ Can You Trust Your Computer?</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — About</em></ins></span> the so-called “trusted
computing” initiatives.</li>
+
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">The</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/nonfree-games.html">
+ Nonfree DRM'd Games on GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.html">
+ Correcting My Mistake about French Law</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">The Right to Read: A
- Dystopian Short Story</a> by Richard Stallman.</li>
+<h4 id="ns">Network Services</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2010-2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">
+ Who does that server really serve?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/posting-videos.html">
+ Posting Videos</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/whats-wrong-with-youtube.html">
+ What's Wrong with YouTube</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.html">
+ The Bug Nobody is Allowed to Understand</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/judge-internet-usage.html">
+ A wise user judges each Internet usage scenario carefully</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/keep-control-of-your-computing.html">
+ Keep control of your computing, so it doesn't control you!</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="access">Accessing culture</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1996-2016]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">
+ The</em></ins></span> Right to Read: A Dystopian Short Story</a> <span
class="removed"><del><strong>by Richard Stallman.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="noip">The propaganda
-term <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">
+term</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>(by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">
“Intellectual Property”</a></h4>
<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">The Curious History
of
- Komongistan (Busting the term “intellectual
property”)</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">The Curious
History</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">
+ Ebooks must increase our freedom, not decrease it</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html">
+ The Danger</em></ins></span> of
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>Komongistan
(Busting</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>E-Books</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2010]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/apr/06/digital-economy-bill-richard-stallman">
+ Digital economy bill: One clown giveth and</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>term “intellectual
property”)</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/no-ip-ethos.html">Don't Let
“Intellectual Property” Twist Your Ethos</a>, by
Richard Stallman.</li>
- <li>Comments from Richard Stallman
- on <a href="/philosophy/ipjustice.html">the ICLC's rejection of the
+ <li>Comments from Richard Stallman</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>other clown taketh away</a>
+ (by RMS,</em></ins></span> on <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>theguardian.com</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/philosophy/ipjustice.html">the ICLC's
rejection of the
IP Enforcement Directive</a></li>
<li>Richard Stallman has
- written <a href="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.html">a review of
- Boldrin and Levine's “The case against intellectual
+ written</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">
+ Ebooks: Freedom Or Copyright</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.html">a review
of
+ Boldrin</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html">
+ The Free Universal Encyclopedia</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Levine's “The case against intellectual
property.”</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">Did You Say
- “Intellectual Property”? It's a Seductive Mirage</a>.
- An essay on the true meaning of the phrase “Intellectual
- Property”, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
+ “Intellectual Property”? It's</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Learning Resource</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/new-monopoly.html">
+ U.S. Congress Threatens to Establish</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Seductive Mirage</a>.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>New Kind of Monopoly</a>
+ —</em></ins></span> An <span class="removed"><del><strong>essay on the
true meaning</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>attempt</em></ins></span> of the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>phrase “Intellectual
+ Property”, by Richard M. Stallman.</li></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Congress to create a private monopoly over
+ repeating publicly known information.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/stophr3028.html">
+ Stop H.R. 3028 - Protect the Net - Stop the Trademark Monopolists</a>
+ (by Marc Rotenberg)</li></em></ins></span>
</ul>
-<h4 id="ns">Network Services</h4>
+<h4 <span class="removed"><del><strong>id="ns">Network
Services</h4>
<ul>
<li><a
href="/philosophy/network-services-arent-free-or-nonfree.html">
Network Services Aren't Free or Nonfree; They Raise Other Issues</a> an
article by Richard Stallman.</li>
<li><a
href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">Who
does that server really serve?</a> by Richard Stallman published
- in <a
href="http://www.bostonreview.net/richard-stallman-free-software-DRM">
- Boston Review.</a></li>
+ in</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="funding">Funding cultural works</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/funding-art-vs-funding-software.html">
+ Funding Art vs Funding Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1992]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.bostonreview.net/richard-stallman-free-software-DRM">
+ Boston Review.</a></li></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/dat.html">
+ The Right Way to Tax DAT</a>
+ (by RMS)</li></em></ins></span>
</ul>
-<h4 id="cultural">Cultural and Social Issues</h4>
+<h4 <span class="removed"><del><strong>id="cultural">Cultural and Social
Issues</h4>
<ul>
- <li><a <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/phone-anonymous-payment.html">Anonymous
- Payment by Phone</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/stallmans-law.html">Stallman's
Law</a></li>
- <li><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance">
- A radical proposal to keep your personal data safe</a>, by Richard
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/phone-anonymous-payment.html">Anonymous</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="evils">Surveillance, censorship,
lock-in, etc.</h4>
+
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2013… ]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html">
+ Proprietary Software Is Often Malware</a>
+ — Clearly established cases of proprietary software that does
+ nasty things to the users.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2015-2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">
+ How Much Surveillance Can Democracy Withstand?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2021]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html">
+ The WWWorst App Store</a>
+ (by Alexandre Oliva)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2018]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/phone-anonymous-payment.html">
+ Anonymous</em></ins></span> Payment by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Phone</a></li>
+
+ <li><a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Phone</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2018]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span>
href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance">
+ A radical proposal to keep your personal data <span
class="removed"><del><strong>safe</a>, by Richard
Stallman</li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/surveillance-testimony.html">Surveillance
@@ -455,50 +1293,101 @@
Why the Devil's Advocate Doesn't Help Reach the Truth</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/hackathons.html">
- Why Hackathons Should Insist on Free Software</a>
+ Why Hackathons Should Insist</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>safe</a>
+ (by RMS,</em></ins></span> on <span class="removed"><del><strong>Free
Software</a>
by Richard Stallman</li>
- <li><a</em></ins></span>
href="/philosophy/technological-neutrality.html">
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/technological-neutrality.html">
Technological Neutrality and Free Software</a>
by Richard Stallman</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">How Much
- Surveillance Can Democracy Withstand?</a> by Richard
Stallman</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">How
Much</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>theguardian.com</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2018]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/surveillance-testimony.html"></em></ins></span>
+ Surveillance <span class="removed"><del><strong>Can Democracy
Withstand?</a> by Richard Stallman</li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/nonfree-games.html">Nonfree DRM'd Games
on
GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?</a> by Richard Stallman.</li>
- <li> <a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/apr/06/digital-economy-bill-richard-stallman">
- Digital economy bill: One clown giveth and the other clown taketh
+ <li></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Testimony</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/apr/06/digital-economy-bill-richard-stallman">
+ Digital economy bill: One clown giveth and</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/ubuntu-spyware.html">
+ Ubuntu Spyware: What to Do?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/microsoft.html">
+ Is Microsoft</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>other
clown taketh
away</a>, by Richard Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.html">
- Is Digital Inclusion A Good Thing? How Can We Make Sure It Is?</a>
- By Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/wsis.html">World Summit on the
Information
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.html"></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Great Satan?</a>
+ [<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-old.html">older
version</a>]</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/the-root-of-this-problem.html">
+ The Problem</em></ins></span> Is <span class="removed"><del><strong>Digital
Inclusion A Good Thing? How Can We Make Sure It
Is?</a></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Software
Controlled</em></ins></span> By <span class="removed"><del><strong>Richard
Stallman.</li>
+
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/wsis.html">World Summit
on</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Its Developer</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/gates.html">
+ It's not</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>Information
Society</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/wassenaar.html">Encryption software
- volunteers needed in countries without export control</a>.</li>
-
- <li>How to Protect the <a href="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html">
- Freedoms of Speech, Press, and Association</a> on the
Internet.</li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/wassenaar.html">Encryption</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Gates, it's the bars</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/wassenaar.html">
+ The Wassenaar Arrangement</a>
+ — Encryption</em></ins></span> software volunteers needed in countries
without
+ export <span class="removed"><del><strong>control</a>.</li>
+
+ <li>How</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>control.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ms-doj-tunney.html">
+ FSF's Statement in Response</em></ins></span> to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Protect</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Proposed Revised Final Judgment in
+ <cite>Microsoft v. United States</cite></a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html">
+ On</em></ins></span> the <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Microsoft
Verdict</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --></em></ins></span>
+ <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html">
+ Freedoms of Speech, Press,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/microsoft-antitrust.html">
+ The Microsoft Antitrust Trial</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Association</a> on the Internet.</li>
+
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/privacyaction.html">Protect</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/privacyaction.html">
+ Protect</em></ins></span> Postal
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>Privacy</a>,
a</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>Privacy</a>
+ (by Kathleen Ellis)
+ — A</em></ins></span> campaign to resist the proposed rule by the
United States
+ Postal Service to collect private information from customers.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/privacyaction.html">Protect Postal
- Privacy</a>, a campaign to resist the proposed rule by the United
- States Postal Service to collect private information from
- customers.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ucita.html">Why We Must Fight
UCITA</a></li>
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/ucita.html">Why We Must Fight UCITA</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/second-sight.html">Free Software and
(e-)Government</a> — an article from The Guardian, by Richard
Stallman (originally published under the title “Second
Sight”).</li>
- <li><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060721162054/http://www.insnet.org/ins_headlines.rxml?cust=212&id=967"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/fs-and-sustainable-development.html"></em></ins></span>
- Free Software and Sustainable Development</a> — A short
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-and-sustainable-development.html">
+ Free Software</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em><li><!--#set var='DATE'
value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html">
+ Freedoms of Speech, Press,</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Sustainable
Development</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Association</a></em></ins></span>
+ — <span class="removed"><del><strong>A short
article by Richard Stallman regarding the use of proprietary
software in cultural development.</li>
@@ -511,17 +1400,99 @@
<li><a href="/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html">The Danger
of E-Books</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/is-ever-good-use-nonfree-program.html">
- Is It Ever a Good Thing to Use a Nonfree Program?</a> By
+ Is It Ever a Good Thing</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>How</em></ins></span> to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Use a Nonfree Program?</a> By
Richard Stallman.</li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/contradictory-support.html">
- Beware of Contradictory “Support”</a></li>
+ Beware of Contradictory
“Support”</a></li></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>protect these freedoms on the Internet.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/censoring-emacs.html">
+ Censoring My Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li></em></ins></span>
</ul>
-<h4 id="misc">Misc</h4>
+<h3 id="terminology">Terminology and Definitions</h3>
+
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><ul>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html"></strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1996… ]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">
+ Words to Avoid (or Use with Care) Because They Are Loaded or
Confusing</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999… ]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">
+ Translations of the term “free software”</a>
+ into various languages.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1996-2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">
+ Categories of</em></ins></span> Free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Hardware</strong></del></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Free Hardware Designs</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Confusing
Words</a>
+ which You Might Want to Avoid</li>
+ <li><a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Nonfree Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">
+ Why Call It The Swindle?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a</em></ins></span>
href="/philosophy/wipo-PublicAwarenessOfCopyright-2002.html">
+ Public Awareness of Copyright, WIPO, June <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2002</a>. On how</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2002</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — How</em></ins></span> WIPO recognizes that their system is designed
to restrict
+ the public, and how they propose to modify terminology so that people
+ won't notice.</li>
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Why
+ “Open Source” misses the point of Free
Software</a></li>
+ <li><a
href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">“Open
+ Source Software” or “Free Software”?</a>
+ (This is an older essay about the same topic as the previous
one.)</li>
+ <li>Richard Stallman wrote <a
href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html">
+ letter to the editor</a> of Dr. Dobb's Journal in June 2001 which
further
+ explains the distinction between the Free Software and Open Source
+ movements.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free and
+ Non-Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html">
+ What Does It Mean for Your Computer to Be Loyal?</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">Translations of
the
+ term “free software”</a> into various
languages.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Why call
it the
+ Swindle</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</h3>
+
+<ul>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">Saying No to
unjust
+ computing even once is help</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/install-fest-devil.html">Install Fests:
+ What to Do about the Deal with the Devil</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/upgrade-windows.html">What Is the Right
Way to
+ Upgrade an Installation of Windows?</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/use-free-software.html">The Free
Software
+ Community After 20 Years</a>, With great but incomplete success,
+ what now?</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/mcvoy.html">Thank You, Larry
McVoy</a>,
+ by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/social-inertia.html">
+ Overcoming Social Inertia</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/compromise.html">Avoiding Ruinous
Compromises</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">
+ Free Software Is Even More Important Now</a></li>
+</ul>
+
+<h3 id="misc">Misc</h3>
<ul>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/posting-videos.html">Posting
Videos</a></li>
+
<li><a href="/philosophy/proprietary.html">Clearly established
cases of proprietary software that does nasty things to the
users</a>.</li>
@@ -572,68 +1543,23 @@
announcement by Netscape.</li>
<li><a
href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html">Comments on
- Roderick Long's Article</a>.</li>
+ Roderick Long's Article</a>.</li></strong></del></span>
</ul>
-<h3 id="terminology">Terminology and Definitions</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html">
- Free Hardware and Free Hardware Designs</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Confusing
Words</a>
- which You Might Want to Avoid</li>
- <li><a
href="/philosophy/wipo-PublicAwarenessOfCopyright-2002.html">
- Public Awareness of Copyright, WIPO, June 2002</a>. On how WIPO
- recognizes that their system is designed to restrict the public, and
- how they propose to modify terminology so that people won't
notice.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Why
- “Open Source” misses the point of Free
Software</a></li>
- <li><a
href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">“Open
- Source Software” or “Free Software”?</a>
- (This is an older essay about the same topic as the previous
one.)</li>
- <li>Richard Stallman wrote <a
href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html">
- letter to the editor</a> of Dr. Dobb's Journal in June 2001 which
further
- explains the distinction between the Free Software and Open Source
- movements.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free and
- Non-Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html">
- What Does It Mean for Your Computer to Be Loyal?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">Translations of
the
- term “free software”</a> into various
languages.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Why call
it the
- Swindle</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3 id="upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/philosophy/install-fest-devil.html">Install
Fests:
- What to Do about the Deal with the Devil</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/upgrade-windows.html">What Is the Right
Way to
- Upgrade an Installation of Windows?</a></li>
- <li><a</em></ins></span>
href="/philosophy/use-free-software.html">The Free Software
- Community After 20 Years</a>, With great but incomplete success,
- what now?</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/mcvoy.html">Thank You, Larry
McVoy</a>,
- by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/social-inertia.html">
- Overcoming Social Inertia</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/compromise.html">Avoiding Ruinous
Compromises</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">
- Free Software Is Even More Important Now</a></li>
-</ul>
<h3 id="humor">Philosophical humor</h3>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Philosophy
Humor</a>.
- We don't have to be serious <i>all</i> the time.</li>
-</ul>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><ul>
+<li><a href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Philosophy
Humor</a>.</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p><a
href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Laugh along with GNU (Philosophy)</a>
+—</em></ins></span> We don't have to be serious <i>all</i>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>time.</li>
+</ul></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>time.</p></em></ins></span>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -651,16 +1577,33 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations
of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this
article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this
article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1996-2016</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1996-2019</em></ins></span> Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 1996-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative
@@ -670,12 +1613,11 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2019/06/26 20:32:25 $
+$Date: 2021/10/18 08:03:15 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong></div></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div><!-- for class="inner", starts
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+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
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