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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy can-you-trust.es.html copyright-... |
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Date: |
Sat, 21 Aug 2021 08:33:05 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/08/21 08:33:05
Modified files:
philosophy : can-you-trust.es.html
copyright-and-globalization.es.html
copyright-and-globalization.fr.html
danger-of-software-patents.es.html
enforcing-gpl.es.html
free-software-even-more-important.es.html
free-software-for-freedom.es.html
historical-apsl.es.html latest-articles.es.html
lessig-fsfs-intro.es.html
misinterpreting-copyright.es.html
no-word-attachments.es.html philosophy.es.html
use-free-software.es.html
philosophy/po : can-you-trust.es-en.html
copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html
copyright-and-globalization.es.po
danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html
danger-of-software-patents.es.po
enforcing-gpl.es-en.html
free-software-even-more-important.es-en.html
free-software-even-more-important.es.po
free-software-for-freedom.es-en.html
free-software-for-freedom.es.po
historical-apsl.es-en.html
historical-apsl.es.po
latest-articles.es-en.html
latest-articles.es.po
lessig-fsfs-intro.es-en.html
lessig-fsfs-intro.es.po
misinterpreting-copyright.es-en.html
misinterpreting-copyright.es.po
no-word-attachments.es-en.html
no-word-attachments.es.po philosophy.es-en.html
philosophy.es.po use-free-software.es-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/can-you-trust.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.68&r2=1.69
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.38&r2=1.39
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.79&r2=1.80
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/danger-of-software-patents.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.11&r2=1.12
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.14&r2=1.15
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.36&r2=1.37
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.59&r2=1.60
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/historical-apsl.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.25&r2=1.26
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/latest-articles.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/lessig-fsfs-intro.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.51&r2=1.52
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.64&r2=1.65
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/no-word-attachments.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.63&r2=1.64
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/philosophy.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.148&r2=1.149
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/use-free-software.es.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.51&r2=1.52
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/can-you-trust.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.32&r2=1.33
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.13&r2=1.14
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.27&r2=1.28
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=1.5
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/enforcing-gpl.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.6&r2=1.7
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.28&r2=1.29
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.86&r2=1.87
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.29&r2=1.30
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.48&r2=1.49
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/historical-apsl.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/historical-apsl.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/latest-articles.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/latest-articles.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.11&r2=1.12
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.29&r2=1.30
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.43&r2=1.44
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/misinterpreting-copyright.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.33&r2=1.34
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/misinterpreting-copyright.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.67&r2=1.68
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/no-word-attachments.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.28&r2=1.29
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/no-word-attachments.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.58&r2=1.59
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/philosophy.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.40&r2=1.41
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/philosophy.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.126&r2=1.127
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/use-free-software.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.29&r2=1.30
Patches:
Index: can-you-trust.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/can-you-trust.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.68
retrieving revision 1.69
diff -u -b -r1.68 -r1.69
--- can-you-trust.es.html 30 Apr 2021 09:12:10 -0000 1.68
+++ can-you-trust.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:03 -0000 1.69
@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/can-you-trust.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural drm" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>¿Puede confiar en su ordenador? - Proyecto GNU - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/can-you-trust.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>¿Puede confiar en su ordenador?</h2>
-<p>por <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">por <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
¿De quién deberÃa recibir órdenes su ordenador? La mayorÃa de la gente
piensa que sus ordenadores deberÃan obedecerles a ellos, no a
@@ -153,13 +161,14 @@
enfrentarnos a la situación mediante una decisión colectiva.</p>
<p>
Para más información sobre computación traicionera, consulte <a
-href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/tcpa-faq.html";>http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/tcpa-faq.html</a>.</p>
+href="https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html";><cite>“Trusted
+Computing” Frequently Asked Questions</cite></a>.</p>
<p>
Impedir la computación traicionera exigirá que un gran número de ciudadanos
se organicen. ¡Necesitamos su ayuda! Apoye <a
-href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org";>Defective by Design</a> (Defectuoso a
-propósito), la campaña de la FSF en contra de la Gestión Digital de
-Restricciones.</p>
+href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/";>Defective by Design</a>
+(Defectuoso a propósito), la campaña de la FSF en contra de la Gestión
+Digital de Restricciones.</p>
<h3>Posdatas</h3>
@@ -274,13 +283,14 @@
debido a que fracasó en su tentativa de hacer posible la autentificación a
distancia. No debemos dar por hecho que las futuras tentativas también
fracasarán.</p>
+</div>
-<hr class="thin" />
-
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Este ensayo está publicado en el libro <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Este ensayo está publicado en el libro <a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
libre para una sociedad libre: Selección de ensayos de Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -290,7 +300,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -311,7 +321,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -325,7 +335,7 @@
el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2007, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2020 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2007, 2015, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
@@ -340,11 +350,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 09:12:10 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:03 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: copyright-and-globalization.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.38
retrieving revision 1.39
diff -u -b -r1.38 -r1.39
--- copyright-and-globalization.es.html 30 Apr 2021 09:12:10 -0000 1.38
+++ copyright-and-globalization.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:03 -0000 1.39
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Copyright y globalización en la era de las redes informáticas -
Proyecto GNU
@@ -9,14 +12,21 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Copyright y globalización en la era de las redes informáticas</h2>
-<p>
-<i>Lo que sigue es una transcripción corregida de la conferencia dictada en
-el <abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr> durante el
+<div class="infobox">
+<p>Lo que sigue es una transcripción corregida de la conferencia dictada en el
+<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr> durante el
<cite>Communications Forum</cite>, el jueves 19 de abril de 2001, de 17:00 a
-19:00.</i></p>
+19:00.</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div class="article">
<p>
<b>DAVID THORNBURN, moderador:</b> Nuestro orador de hoy, Richard Stallman,
es una figura legendaria en el mundo de la computación, y mi experiencia al
@@ -1223,13 +1233,14 @@
términos del tamaño del trabajo completo. Piensa en términos de la parte que
vas a hacer. Eso le mostrará a la gente que puede hacerse, y entonces otros
harán otras partes.</p>
+</div>
-
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Este discurso está publicado en el libro <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Este discurso está publicado en el libro
<a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
libre para una sociedad libre: Selección de ensayos de Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a></p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a></p></div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -1239,7 +1250,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -1260,7 +1271,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -1290,8 +1301,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2001, 2007, 2008, 2012, 2014, 2018, 2020 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2001, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
@@ -1307,7 +1317,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 09:12:10 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:03 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: copyright-and-globalization.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.79
retrieving revision 1.80
diff -u -b -r1.79 -r1.80
--- copyright-and-globalization.fr.html 21 Aug 2021 00:02:56 -0000 1.79
+++ copyright-and-globalization.fr.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:03 -0000 1.80
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
s'ils savaient lire.</p>
<p>
Le copyright se développa avec l'essor de l'imprimerie et, étant donné la
-technologie de la presse à imprimer, il eut l'effet d'une réglementation
+technologie de la presse à imprimer, il eut l'effet d'une régulation
industrielle. Il ne limitait pas les droits des lecteurs, il limitait les
pouvoirs des éditeurs et des auteurs. En Angleterre, le copyright fut
initialement une forme de censure. Il fallait obtenir la permission du
@@ -1370,7 +1370,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/08/21 00:02:56 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:03 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: danger-of-software-patents.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/danger-of-software-patents.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- danger-of-software-patents.es.html 30 Apr 2021 09:12:10 -0000 1.11
+++ danger-of-software-patents.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:03 -0000 1.12
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/danger-of-software-patents.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>El peligro de las patentes de software - Proyecto GNU - Free Software
@@ -9,12 +12,21 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>El peligro de las patentes de software</h2>
-<p>por <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
-<p>Esta es la transcripción de una charla impartida por Richard M. Stallman el
-8 de octubre de 2009 en la Universidad Victoria de Wellington.</p>
+<address class="byline">por <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="infobox">
+<p>Esta es la transcripción de una charla impartida el 8 de octubre de 2009 en
+la Universidad Victoria de Wellington.</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
+
+<div class="article">
<dl>
<dt>SF:</dt>
<dd><p>Me llamo Susy Frankel, y en nombre de Meredith Kolsky Lewis y en el mÃo
@@ -1371,12 +1383,14 @@
disertación. Gracias, Richard.</dd>
</dl>
+</div>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Esta conferencia está publicada en el libro <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Esta conferencia está publicada en el
libro <a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
libre para una sociedad libre: Selección de ensayos de Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -1391,7 +1405,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -1412,7 +1426,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -1442,7 +1456,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2014, 2020 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2009, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
@@ -1457,11 +1471,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 09:12:10 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:03 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: enforcing-gpl.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.14
retrieving revision 1.15
diff -u -b -r1.14 -r1.15
--- enforcing-gpl.es.html 19 Jul 2021 10:00:43 -0000 1.14
+++ enforcing-gpl.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:03 -0000 1.15
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
-<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing copyleft" -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Hacer cumplir la GPL de GNU</h2>
-<address class="byline">por <a href="http://moglen.law.columbia.edu/";>Eben
Moglen</a></address>
+<address class="byline">por <a href="http://moglen.law.columbia.edu/";>Eben
Moglen</a> <a
+href="#moglen"><sup>[*]</sup></a></address>
<p><em>10 de septiembre 2001</em></p>
@@ -208,12 +209,11 @@
modo correcto después de todo.</p>
</div>
-<div class="infobox" role="complementary">
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>
-Eben Moglen es profesor de derecho e historia del derecho en la
+<p id="moglen">[*] Eben Moglen es profesor de derecho e historia del derecho
en la
<cite>Columbia University Law School</cite>. Trabaja ad honorem como
-Consejero General de la <cite>Free Software Foundation</cite>.
+Consejero General de la Free Software Foundation.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/07/19 10:00:43 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:03 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: free-software-even-more-important.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.36
retrieving revision 1.37
diff -u -b -r1.36 -r1.37
--- free-software-even-more-important.es.html 30 Apr 2021 09:12:10 -0000
1.36
+++ free-software-even-more-important.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:03 -0000
1.37
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.94 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays aboutfs principles" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>El software libre es ahora aún más importante - Proyecto GNU - Free
Software
@@ -9,25 +12,20 @@
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>El software libre es ahora aún más importante</h2>
-<address class="byline">por <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
-
-<p><em>Una versión considerablemente adaptada de este artÃculo se publicó
en <a
-href="http://www.wired.com/opinion/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-before";>Wired</a>.</em></p>
+<address class="byline">por <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p><em>Estas ideas se exponen también en un <a
href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/20140407-geneva-tedx-talk-free-software-free-society/";>vÃdeo
de 14 min.</a></em></p>
+<div class="thin"></div>
-<div class="announcement">
-<p>
-<a href="/help/help.html">Algunas sugerencias para colaborar con el
-movimiento del software libre</a>
-</p>
-</div>
-<hr class="thin" />
-
+<div class="article">
<p>Desde 1983 el movimiento del software libre defiende la libertad de los
usuarios de ordenadores para que sean ellos quienes ejerzan el control del
software que utilizan, y no al revés. Cuando un programa respeta la
@@ -41,6 +39,15 @@
someten a los usuarios al poder del desarrollador del programa, poder que
nadie deberÃa tener.</p>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p>
+<a href="/help/help.html">Algunas sugerencias para colaborar con el
+movimiento del software libre</a>
+</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
<p>Esos dos programas, que no son libres, tienen algo más en común: ambos son
<cite>malware</cite>. Es decir, ambos contienen funcionalidades que están
diseñadas para maltratar al usuario. Hoy en dÃa el software privativo a
@@ -83,16 +90,16 @@
<p>(0) La libertad de ejecutar el programa como usted quiera, para cualquier
propósito.</p>
-<p>(1) La libertad de estudiar el código fuente del programa y modificarlo
para
-que haga lo que usted quiera. Los programadores escriben los programas en un
-determinado lenguaje de programación (algo asà como inglés combinado con
-álgebra): eso es el «código fuente». Cualquiera que sepa programar y tenga
-el programa en forma de código fuente, puede leer este código, entender cómo
-funciona y también modificarlo. Cuando todo lo que tenemos es la forma
-ejecutable del programa (esto es, una serie de números que un ordenador
-puede ejecutar, pero cuya comprensión resulta extremadamente difÃcil para
-una persona), entender el programa y modificarlo se convierte en una tarea
-de suma complejidad.</p>
+<p>(1) La libertad de estudiar el «código fuente» del programa y modificarlo
+para que haga lo que usted quiera. Los programadores escriben los programas
+en un determinado lenguaje de programación (algo asà como inglés combinado
+con álgebra): eso es el «código fuente». Cualquiera que sepa programar y
+tenga el programa en forma de «código fuente», puede leer este código,
+entender cómo funciona y también modificarlo. Cuando todo lo que tenemos es
+la forma ejecutable del programa (esto es, una serie de números que un
+ordenador puede ejecutar, pero cuya comprensión resulta extremadamente
+difÃcil para una persona), entender el programa y modificarlo se convierte
+en una tarea de suma complejidad.</p>
<p>(2) La libertad de hacer copias exactas y distribuirlas cuando se
desee. Esto no es una obligación, sino una opción. Si el programa es libre,
@@ -158,8 +165,8 @@
<p>Con el objetivo de acabar con la injusticia del software privativo, el
movimiento del software libre desarrolla programas libres para que los
usuarios puedan liberarse. Comenzamos en 1984 desarrollando el sistema
-operativo libre <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">GNU</a>. Hoy, millones
-de ordenadores funcionan con GNU, sobre todo en la combinación <a
+operativo libre <a href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">GNU</a>. Hoy, millones de
+ordenadores funcionan con GNU, sobre todo en la combinación <a
href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux</a>.</p>
<p>Distribuir programas sin conceder libertad supone un maltrato hacia los
@@ -237,14 +244,14 @@
<p>El software privativo no ofrece protección alguna contra un peligro
crucial:
su desarrollador. Y el desarrollador podrÃa ayudar a otros a perpetrar un
-ataque. Antes de corregir los errores de Windows, Microsoft los muestra a la
-<abbr title="National Security Agency">NSA</abbr>, la agencia de espionaje
-digital del gobierno de EE. UU. (véase <a
-href="http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/";>http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/</a>).
-No sabemos si Apple hace lo mismo, pero está bajo la misma presión
-gubernamental que Microsoft. Si el gobierno de cualquier otro paÃs utiliza
-ese software, estará poniendo en peligro la seguridad nacional. ¿Quiere que
-la NSA entre en los ordenadores de su gobierno? Consulte nuestras <a
+ataque. Antes de corregir los errores de Windows, <a
+href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/";>Microsoft
+los muestra a la <abbr title="National Security Agency">NSA</abbr></a>, la
+agencia de espionaje digital del gobierno de EE. UU. No sabemos si
+Apple hace lo mismo, pero está bajo la misma presión gubernamental que
+Microsoft. Si el gobierno de cualquier otro paÃs utiliza ese software,
+estará poniendo en peligro la seguridad nacional. ¿Quiere que la NSA entre
+en los ordenadores de su gobierno? Consulte nuestras <a
href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">sugerencias a los gobiernos
para la promoción del software libre</a>.</p>
@@ -327,6 +334,14 @@
cualquiera puede usar, sea programador o no. Ãnase a nuestra causa, ya sea
como programador o como activista. Hagamos que todos los usuarios de
ordenadores sean libres.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>Una versión considerablemente adaptada de este artÃculo se publicó en <a
+href="https://www.wired.com/opinion/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-before";>Wired</a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -342,7 +357,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" class="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -363,7 +378,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -393,7 +408,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2013-2015, 2017, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
@@ -409,7 +424,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 09:12:10 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:03 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: free-software-for-freedom.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.59
retrieving revision 1.60
diff -u -b -r1.59 -r1.60
--- free-software-for-freedom.es.html 30 Apr 2021 09:12:10 -0000 1.59
+++ free-software-for-freedom.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.60
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays aboutfs free-open" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Por qué «software libre» es mejor que «código abierto» - Proyecto
GNU - Free
@@ -9,16 +12,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Por qué «software libre» es mejor que «código abierto»</h2>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>Este artÃculo ha sido sustituido por una versión
sustancialmente modificada
+<div class="comment">
+<p>Este artÃculo ha sido sustituido por una versión sustancialmente
modificada
y mejorada disponible bajo el tÃtulo <a
href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"><i>Por qué el «código
abierto» pierde de vista lo esencial del software libre</i></a>. Esta
-versión original se conserva sólo como referencia
histórica.</p></blockquote>
+versión original se conserva sólo como referencia histórica.</p>
</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div class="article">
<p>
Aunque el software libre con cualquier otro nombre le darÃa la misma
libertad, el nombre que usemos hace una gran diferencia: palabras diferentes
@@ -26,7 +35,7 @@
<p>
En 1998, algunas de las personas de la comunidad de software libre empezaron
-a usar el término <a href="https://opensource.org/";>«software de código
+a usar el término <a href="https://opensource.org";>«software de código
abierto»</a> (del inglés «<span style="font-style:italic;">open source
software</span>») en vez de «<a href="/philosophy/free-sw.es.html">software
libre</a>» para describir lo que hacen. El término «código abierto» se
@@ -268,7 +277,7 @@
que IBM estaba tratando sinceramente hacer que este programa fuese software
libre, y más adelante adoptó una licencia que sà lo hace software libre y de
«código abierto»; pero cuando se hizo dicha declaración, el programa no
-calificaba como ninguno.)</p>
+calificaba como ninguno).</p>
<p>
Y aquà está cómo Cygnus Solutions, que se formó para ser una compañÃa de
@@ -386,8 +395,8 @@
comunidad son importantes por sà mismas, no solamente por la conveniencia
que brindan, únase a nosotros en el uso del término «software libre», por
favor.</p>
-
-<hr />
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
+</div>
<!-- The archived version is truncated.
<p>
@@ -396,20 +405,22 @@
<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080703140137/http://www.itworld.com/LWD010523vcontrol4";>Live
and
let license [archived]</a> that gives his perspective on this issue.</p>
-->
+<h3 class="footnote">Nota</h3>
<p>
El documento de Lakhani y Wolf sobre <a
-href="http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf";>la
+href="https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf";>la
motivación de los desarrolladores de software libre</a> (texto en inglés)
dice que una fracción considerable está motivada por la idea que el software
deberÃa ser libre. Esto es a pesar del hecho que hayan entrevistado a los
desarrolladores en SourceForge, un sitio que no defiende la idea que este es
un asunto ético.</p>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Este ensayo está publicado en el libro <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Este ensayo está publicado en el libro <a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
libre para una sociedad libre: Selección de ensayos de Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -422,7 +433,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -443,7 +454,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -457,8 +468,7 @@
el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2007, 2016, 2020 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1998-2003, 2007, 2010, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
@@ -473,11 +483,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 09:12:10 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: historical-apsl.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/historical-apsl.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- historical-apsl.es.html 30 Apr 2021 09:12:10 -0000 1.25
+++ historical-apsl.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.26
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/historical-apsl.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing non-cpleft" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Los problemas de las antiguas versiones de la Apple Public Source
License
@@ -9,19 +12,23 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/historical-apsl.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Los problemas de las antiguas versiones de la <cite>Apple Public Source
License (APSL)</cite></h2>
-<h3>Posición de la FSF ante las antiguas versiones de la APSL</h3>
-
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote>
+<div class="comment">
<p>La versión actual de la <cite>Apple Public Source License (APSL)</cite> no
tiene ninguno de estos problemas. <a href="/philosophy/apsl.html">Puede leer
nuestra posición actual respecto a la APSL en este otro artÃculo</a>. Este
documento se mantiene solamente por razones históricas.</p>
-</blockquote>
</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
+
+<div class="article">
+<h3>Posición de la FSF ante las antiguas versiones de la APSL</h3>
<p>
Apple publicó una versión actualizada de la APSL, la 1.1, pero seguÃa siendo
@@ -133,6 +140,8 @@
dejado de lado— es el espÃritu del software libre, que consiste en el
hecho de que formamos una comunidad cuya finalidad es cooperar en favor del
software como bien común.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -142,7 +151,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -163,7 +172,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -179,7 +188,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -193,11 +202,11 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2003, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.es_ES";>Creative
-Commons Reconocimiento-SinObraDerivada 3.0 Estados Unidos de América</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
+Commons Reconocimiento-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.es.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -209,11 +218,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 09:12:10 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: latest-articles.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/latest-articles.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- latest-articles.es.html 3 Jun 2021 08:31:39 -0000 1.5
+++ latest-articles.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.6
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@
</div>
<ul>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-rocket.html">Should Rockets Have Only
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html">The WWWorst app
store</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-rocket.html">Should Rockets Have Only
Free Software? Free Software and Appliances</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">Decir no a la informática
injusta aunque sea una sola vez es siempre de ayuda</a></li>
@@ -49,12 +50,6 @@
Depends on Nonfree</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html"> Aplicación de los
criterios del Software Libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">The Curious History of Komongistan
-(Busting the term “intellectual property”)</a></li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html"> Free Hardware and Free
-Hardware Designs</a></li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html"> What Does It Mean for Your
-Computer to Be Loyal?</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
@@ -133,7 +128,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/06/03 08:31:39 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: lessig-fsfs-intro.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/lessig-fsfs-intro.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.51
retrieving revision 1.52
diff -u -b -r1.51 -r1.52
--- lessig-fsfs-intro.es.html 25 Jun 2021 08:59:48 -0000 1.51
+++ lessig-fsfs-intro.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.52
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/lessig-fsfs-intro.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="thirdparty" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Introducción a Software libre para una sociedad libre - Proyecto GNU -
Free
@@ -9,15 +12,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Introducción a <a
href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><i>Software
libre para una sociedad libre: Selección de ensayos de Richard
M. Stallman</i></a></h2>
-<p>
-por Lawrence Lessig, profesor de Derecho, Facultad de Derecho de Stanford.
-</p>
+<address class="byline">
+por Lawrence Lessig <a href="#lessig"><sup>[*]</sup></a>
+</address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Cada generación tiene su filósofo: un escritor o un artista que capta el
espÃritu de una época. A veces estos filósofos son reconocidos como tales,
@@ -223,17 +231,20 @@
encontrará inspiración todo aquel que, como Stallman, desea luchar para
crear esa libertad.
</p>
+</div>
-<p>
-<strong>Lawrence Lessig</strong><br />
-<strong>Profesor de Derecho, Facultad de Derecho de Stanford.</strong>
-</p>
-
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Este artÃculo está publicado en el libro <a
+<p id="lessig">
+[*] Lawrence Lessig era entonces profesor en la Facultad de Derecho de
+Stanford.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Este artÃculo está publicado en el
libro <a
href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><i>Software
libre para una sociedad libre: Selección de ensayos de Richard
-M. Stallman</i></a></p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</i></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -248,7 +259,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -269,7 +280,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -283,7 +294,7 @@
el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2013, 2017, 2018, 2020 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
@@ -299,7 +310,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/06/25 08:59:48 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: misinterpreting-copyright.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.64
retrieving revision 1.65
diff -u -b -r1.64 -r1.65
--- misinterpreting-copyright.es.html 30 Apr 2021 09:12:11 -0000 1.64
+++ misinterpreting-copyright.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.65
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws copyright" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Interpretación incorrecta del copyright - Proyecto GNU - Free Software
@@ -9,10 +12,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/misinterpreting-copyright.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Interpretación incorrecta del copyright: una serie de errores</h2>
-<p>por <a href="http://stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">por <a href="https://stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Algo extraño y peligroso está ocurriendo en la legislación que regula el
copyright. De acuerdo con la Constitución de los Estados Unidos, el
@@ -638,34 +646,34 @@
usted. Si alguien quisiera recompensarme de forma especial por el software o
los libros que he escrito, aceptarÃa con gusto un cheque, pero por favor no
ceda sus libertades en mi nombre.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
+</div>
-<h4>Notas</h4>
+<h3 class="footnote">Notas</h3>
<ol>
-<li>
-<a id="footnote1"></a>Véase el artÃculo de Julián Sánchez <a
+<li id="footnote1">Véase el artÃculo de Julián Sánchez <a
href="http://www.juliansanchez.com/2011/02/04/the-trouble-with-balance-metaphors/";>«El
problema de las metáforas del ‘equilibrio’»</a> [en inglés],
donde se analiza «cómo la analogÃa entre el buen juicio y el equilibrio de
pesos puede influenciar en modo negativo nuestro modo de pensar».</li>
-<li>
-<a id="footnote2"></a>Más tarde se le cambió el nombre por el impronunciable
-«CBDTPA»; una buena técnica nemotécnica para recordarlo es «<cite>Consume,
-But Don't Try Programming Anything</cite>» (consuma, pero no trate de
-programar nada), aunque realmente significa «<cite>Consumer Broadband and
-Digital Television Promotion Act</cite>» (Ley de promoción de la televisión
-digital por banda ancha para consumidores).</li>
-<li>
-<a id="footnote3"></a> Si desea ayudar, recomiendo los siguientes sitios: <a
-href="http://defectivebydesign.org";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>, <a
-href="http://publicknowledge.org";>publicknowledge.org</a> y <a
-href="http://www.eff.org";>www.eff.org</a>.</li>
+<li id="footnote2">Más tarde se le cambió el nombre por el impronunciable
«CBDTPA»; una buena
+técnica nemotécnica para recordarlo es «<cite>Consume, But Don't Try
+Programming Anything</cite>» (consuma, pero no trate de programar nada),
+aunque realmente significa «<cite>Consumer Broadband and Digital Television
+Promotion Act</cite>» (Ley de promoción de la televisión digital por banda
+ancha para consumidores).</li>
+<li id="footnote3">Si desea ayudar, recomiendo los siguientes sitios: <a
+href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>, <a
+href="https://www.publicknowledge.org/";>publicknowledge.org</a> y <a
+href="https://www.eff.org";>www.eff.org</a>.</li>
</ol>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Este ensayo está publicado en el libro <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Este ensayo está publicado en el libro <a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Software
libre para una sociedad libre: Selección de ensayos de Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -678,7 +686,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -699,7 +707,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -729,8 +737,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2007, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2020 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
@@ -745,7 +752,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 09:12:11 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: no-word-attachments.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/no-word-attachments.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.63
retrieving revision 1.64
diff -u -b -r1.63 -r1.64
--- no-word-attachments.es.html 30 Apr 2021 09:12:11 -0000 1.63
+++ no-word-attachments.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.64
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.90 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding action" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Entre todos podemos poner fin a los adjuntos en formato Word - Proyecto
GNU
@@ -15,11 +18,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/no-word-attachments.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Entre todos podemos poner fin a los adjuntos en formato Word</h2>
-<p>por <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong>
-</p>
+<address class="byline">por Richard Stallman</address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
¿No es odioso recibir correo electrónico con documentos adjuntos en formato
Word?, los archivos de Word adjuntos son molestos. Y lo que es aún peor,
@@ -142,7 +149,7 @@
Dado el tamaño de nuestra comunidad, con solo pedirlo, podemos marcar la
diferencia.</p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
<em>Me envió el archivo adjunto en formato Microsoft Word, un formato
@@ -157,13 +164,11 @@
adopción de sistemas GNU/Linux. ¿PodrÃa, por favor, reconsiderar el uso del
formato Word en la comunicación con otras personas?</em></p>
-<hr />
-
<p>
(Nota aclaratoria: también puedo manipular ODF, pero no me resulta muy
conveniente, asà que no lo incluyo en mi lista de sugerencias).</p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
<em>Me envió el archivo adjunto en formato Microsoft Word, un formato
@@ -178,11 +183,11 @@
<p>
<em>Recibir ficheros adjuntos en formato Word no es recomendable dado que
podrÃan acarrear algún tipo de virus (véase
-«http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_virus_(computing)»). Enviar documentos
-de Word puede ser perjudicial debido a que normalmente incluyen información
-oculta acerca del autor, permitiendo a aquellos que lo saben espiar las
-actividades del autor (quizá usted). El texto que creyó haber borrado podrÃa
-estar presente y ponerle en una situación embarazosa. Véase
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_virus). Enviar documentos de Word puede
+ser perjudicial debido a que normalmente incluyen información oculta acerca
+del autor, permitiendo a aquellos que lo saben espiar las actividades del
+autor (quizá usted). El texto que creyó haber borrado podrÃa estar presente
+y ponerle en una situación embarazosa. Véase
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3154479.stm para más
información.</em></p>
<p>
@@ -232,18 +237,16 @@
solicite. </em></p>
<p>
-<em>Vea http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html para más
+<em>Vea https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html para más
información sobre este problema.</em></p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
Otro método sugerido por Bob Chassell. Es necesario modificarlo para cada
caso en concreto, y presupone que somos capaces de extraer los contenidos
del documento con el fin de saber el espacio que ocupan en disco.</p>
-<hr />
-
<p>
<em>Estoy confuso. ¿Por qué has decidido enviarme 876,377 bytes en tu último
mensaje cuando el contenido del mismo solamente ocupa 27,133 bytes?</em></p>
@@ -260,28 +263,26 @@
compañÃas y prohÃben a profesionales ofrecer sus servicios. Por favor, no
les des tu apoyo.</em></p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
John D. Ramsdell, sugiere desaconsejar el uso de Microsoft Word y PowerPoint
para archivos adjuntos mediante el siguiente comentario en su fichero
-<kbd>.signature</kbd>:</p>
-
-<hr />
+<code>.signature</code>:</p>
<p>
<em>Por favor, evite enviarme documentos adjuntos en formato Word o
PowerPoint.<br />
-Vea http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</em></p>
+Vea https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</em></p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
<a href="/philosophy/anonymous-response.html">Aquà puede leer una
respuesta</a> enviada a correos electrónicos que contienen archivos adjuntos
en formato Word.</p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
Kevin Cole, de la universidad Gallaudet, en Washington, D.C <a
@@ -289,6 +290,8 @@
automática</a> cuando recibe un documento adjunto en formato Word. (Creo que
es mejor enviar respuestas de forma manual, y dejar claro que uno asà lo ha
hecho, porque aquellos que las reciben la aceptarán mejor.).</p>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -298,7 +301,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.es.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>EnvÃe sus consultas acerca de la FSF y GNU a <a
@@ -319,7 +322,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -349,7 +352,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2007, 2019, 2020 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2008, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES";>Creative
@@ -365,11 +368,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/04/30 09:12:11 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: philosophy.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/philosophy.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.148
retrieving revision 1.149
diff -u -b -r1.148 -r1.149
--- philosophy.es.html 18 Aug 2021 16:31:53 -0000 1.148
+++ philosophy.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.149
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
<hr class="no-display" />
<p class="announcement">
Grabaciones de los discursos de Richard Stallman se encuentran en <a
-href="http://audio-video.gnu.org/";>audio-video.gnu.org</a>.</p>
+href="//audio-video.gnu.org/">audio-video.gnu.org</a>.</p>
<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
</div>
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@
<ul>
<li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">¿Qué es el software libre?</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">Por qué
debemos
-insistir en el software libre</a>.</li>
+insistir en el software libre</a></li>
<li><a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html">El software privativo a menudo es
-<cite>malware</cite></a>.</li>
+<cite>malware</cite></a></li>
<li><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">Historia de GNU/Linux</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">Copyleft: Idealismo
pragmático</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Por qué el software libre necesita
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/08/18 16:31:53 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: use-free-software.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/use-free-software.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.51
retrieving revision 1.52
diff -u -b -r1.51 -r1.52
--- use-free-software.es.html 24 Jul 2021 09:01:34 -0000 1.51
+++ use-free-software.es.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.52
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
-<!--#set var="TAGS" value="upholding" -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding fsmovement" -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>Publicado originalmente en <cite>Newsforge</cite>.</p>
+<p>Publicado originalmente en <cite>NewsForge</cite>.</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/07/24 09:01:34 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/can-you-trust.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/can-you-trust.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- po/can-you-trust.es-en.html 9 Dec 2020 11:30:41 -0000 1.32
+++ po/can-you-trust.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.33
@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural drm" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Can You Trust Your Computer?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/can-you-trust.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Can You Trust Your Computer?</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Who should your computer take its orders from? Most people think
their computers should obey them, not obey someone else. With a plan
@@ -141,12 +150,13 @@
oppose treacherous computing, we must join together and confront the
situation as a collective choice.</p>
<p>
-For further information about treacherous computing, see
-<a
href="http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/tcpa-faq.html";>http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/rja14/tcpa-faq.html</a>.</p>
+For further information about treacherous computing, see the
+<a href="https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html";>
+“Trusted Computing” Frequently Asked Questions</a>.</p>
<p>
To block treacherous computing will require large numbers of citizens
to organize. We need your help! Please support
-<a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org";>Defective by Design</a>, the
+<a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/";>Defective by Design</a>, the
FSF's campaign against Digital Restrictions Management.</p>
<h3>Postscripts</h3>
@@ -260,17 +270,18 @@
is harmless only because it failed in the attempt to make remote
attestation feasible. We must not presume that all future attempts
will fail too.</p>
+</div>
-<hr class="thin" />
-
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This essay is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">This essay is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -288,16 +299,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2007, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2020 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2007, 2015, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -307,10 +318,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/12/09 11:30:41 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.13
retrieving revision 1.14
diff -u -b -r1.13 -r1.14
--- po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html 9 Dec 2020 11:30:41 -0000
1.13
+++ po/copyright-and-globalization.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000
1.14
@@ -1,17 +1,27 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Copyright and Globalization in the Age of Computer Networks -
GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Copyright and Globalization in the Age of Computer Networks</h2>
-<p>
-<i>The following is an edited transcript from a speech given
+<div class="infobox">
+<p>The following is an edited transcript from a speech given
at <abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr> in
the Communications Forum on Thursday, April 19, 2001 from 5:00pm -
-7:00pm</i></p>
+7:00pm</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div class="article">
<p>
<b>DAVID THORBURN, moderator</b>: Our speaker today, Richard Stallman,
is a legendary figure in the computing world, and my experience in
@@ -1248,17 +1258,18 @@
in terms of the size of the whole job. Think in terms of the piece
that you're going to do. That will show people it can be done, and so
others will do other pieces.</p>
+</div>
-
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This speech is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">This speech is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -1276,13 +1287,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -1303,7 +1314,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2001, 2007, 2008, 2012, 2014, 2018, 2020 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2001, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -1313,7 +1324,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/12/09 11:30:41 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.27
retrieving revision 1.28
diff -u -b -r1.27 -r1.28
--- po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:30 -0000
1.27
+++ po/copyright-and-globalization.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000
1.28
@@ -35,10 +35,6 @@
msgid "Copyright and Globalization in the Age of Computer Networks"
msgstr "Copyright y globalización en la era de las redes informáticas"
-# | [-<i>The-]{+The+} following is an edited transcript from a speech given at
-# | <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\">MIT</abbr> in the
-# | Communications Forum on Thursday, April 19, 2001 from 5:00pm -
-# | [-7:00pm</i>-] {+7:00pm+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The following is an edited transcript from a speech given at <abbr title="
@@ -2744,10 +2740,6 @@
"harán otras partes."
# FALTA REVISAR
-# | This speech is published in <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\"><cite>Free
-# | Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
-# | Stallman</cite></a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"This speech is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
@@ -2803,10 +2795,7 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# | Copyright © [-2011, 2012-] {+2001, 2021+} Free Software Foundation,
-# | Inc.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-#| msgid "Copyright © 2011, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid "Copyright © 2001, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2001, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html 26 Oct 2020 13:34:16 -0000
1.4
+++ po/danger-of-software-patents.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000
1.5
@@ -1,16 +1,28 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="speeches" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Danger of Software Patents
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>The Danger of Software Patents</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
-<p>This is the transcript of a talk presented by Richard M. Stallman
-on 8 October 2009 at Victoria University of Wellington.</p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+
+<div class="infobox">
+<p>This is the transcript of a talk presented on 8 October 2009 at
+Victoria University of Wellington.</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div class="article">
<dl>
<dt>SF:</dt>
<dd><p>My name is Susy Frankel and on behalf of myself and Meredith
@@ -25,7 +37,7 @@
teach.</p>
<p>So it's my pleasure to welcome you to the lecture “The Danger
-of Software Patents”. Richard Stallman has a suite of lectures
+of Software Patents.” Richard Stallman has a suite of lectures
that he offers, and after discussion with Brenda, I chose this topic
precisely because for the first real time in New Zealand history, we
have a somewhat prolonged, but important, debate about patent law
@@ -247,10 +259,10 @@
started to read it to see if it was indeed the wrong patent. I read
the claims, and sure enough it was the natural order recalculation
patent, but it didn't use those terms. It didn't use the term
-“spreadsheet”. In fact, what the patent prohibited was
+“spreadsheet.” In fact, what the patent prohibited was
dozens of different ways of implementing topological sort—all
the ways they could think of. But I don't think it used the term
-“topological sort”.</p>
+“topological sort.”</p>
<p>So if you were writing a spreadsheet and you tried to find relevant
patents by searching, you might have found a lot of patents. But you
@@ -371,7 +383,7 @@
<p>Now there is GIF format, for images. That uses the LZW
algorithm also. It didn't take long for people to define another
image format, called PNG, which stands for “PNG's Not
-GIF”. I think it uses the gzip algorithm. And we
+GIF.” I think it uses the gzip algorithm. And we
started saying to people, “Don't use GIF format, it's
dangerous. Switch to PNG.” And the users said,
“Well, maybe some day, but the browsers don't implement it
@@ -448,8 +460,10 @@
of the word processor Xywrite once got a downgrade in the mail, which
removed a feature. The feature was that you could define a list of
abbreviations. For instance, if you define “exp” as an
-abbreviation for “experiment”, then if you type
“exp-space“ or “exp-comma”, the “exp” would
change automatically to
-“experiment”.</p>
+abbreviation for “experiment,” then if you type
+“exp-space“ or “exp-comma,” the
+“exp” would change automatically to
+“experiment.”</p>
<p>Then somebody who had a patent on this feature threatened them, and
they concluded that the only thing they could do was to take the
@@ -488,7 +502,7 @@
down. He sent me the patent. Claim 1 was something like “a
network with a multiplicity of computers, in which each computer
supports a multiplicity of games, and allows a multiplicity of game
-sessions at the same time”.</p>
+sessions at the same time.”</p>
<p>Now, I'm sure in the 1980s there was a university that set up a
room with a network of workstations, and each workstation had some
@@ -734,7 +748,7 @@
that happens, your project is dead.</p>
<p>But lawyers in most countries tell us, “Don't try to find the
-patents in advance”, and the reason is that the penalty for
+patents in advance,” and the reason is that the penalty for
infringement is bigger if you knew about the patent. So what they
tell you is “Keep your eyes shut. Don't try to find out about
the patents, just go blindly taking your design decisions, and
@@ -1237,7 +1251,7 @@
instruction-fetching facilities, and means to perform this particular
computation. In effect they've written explicitly into the patent all
the parts of an ordinary computer, and then they say, “Well,
-this is a physical system which we would like to patent”, but
+this is a physical system which we would like to patent,” but
really it's just patenting certain software on a computer. There are
many subterfuges that they've used.</p>
@@ -1277,7 +1291,7 @@
patents are to all software developers. I don't like what Microsoft
does, but that's an issue that's irrelevant for this purpose. It's
not good that somebody can sue a software developer and say “I
-won't let you distribute such software”.</dd>
+won't let you distribute such software.”</dd>
<dt>Q.</dt>
<dd>Obviously we live in an imperfect world, and in some cases we run
@@ -1353,7 +1367,7 @@
<p>How many computer users were there in 1982, even in the US? It was
a small fraction of the public. But there were software developers.
-They weren't saying, “We desperately want patents”. They
+They weren't saying, “We desperately want patents.” They
weren't getting sued for patent infringement after they developed
their programs. But there is a bit of [economic] research that I saw
that apparently software patents resulted not in an increase in
@@ -1399,16 +1413,18 @@
you Richard.</dd>
</dl>
+</div>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This speech is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">This speech is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -1426,13 +1442,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -1453,7 +1469,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2014, 2020 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2009, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -1463,10 +1479,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/26 13:34:16 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:30 -0000 1.17
+++ po/danger-of-software-patents.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.18
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-08-20 20:25+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.1\n"
@@ -30,13 +29,10 @@
msgstr "El peligro de las patentes de software"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>"
msgstr "por <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>"
-# | This is the transcript of a talk presented [-by Richard M. Stallman-] on 8
-# | October 2009 at Victoria University of Wellington.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"This is the transcript of a talk presented on 8 October 2009 at Victoria "
@@ -71,14 +67,6 @@
"Wellington esta noche. Lamentablemente no puede acompañarnos en este momento
"
"porque está haciendo lo que solemos hacer en las universidades: dar clase."
-# | So it's my pleasure to welcome you to the lecture “The Danger of
-# | Software [-Patents”.-] {+Patents.”+} Richard Stallman has a
-# | suite of lectures that he offers, and after discussion with Brenda, I
-# | chose this topic precisely because for the first real time in New Zealand
-# | history, we have a somewhat prolonged, but important, debate about patent
-# | law reform, and many of you in the room are responsible for the debate
-# | relating to software patents. So it seemed very topical, very timely. So
-# | thank you, Richard, for making that offer.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"So it's my pleasure to welcome you to the lecture “The Danger of "
@@ -528,22 +516,6 @@
"manera que habrá que buscar las patentes pertinentes. Y se encontrará un "
"montón de ellas, pero no necesariamente todas."
-# | For instance, in the 80s and 90s, there was a patent on “natural
-# | order recalculation” in spreadsheets. Somebody once asked me for a
-# | copy of it, so I looked in our computer file which lists the patent
-# | numbers. And then I pulled out the drawer to get the paper copy of this
-# | patent and xeroxed it and sent it to him. And when he got it, he said,
-# | “I think you sent me the wrong patent. This is something about
-# | compilers.” So I thought maybe our file has the wrong number in it.
-# | I looked in it again, and sure enough it said, “A method for
-# | compiling formulas into object code.” So I started to read it to see
-# | if it was indeed the wrong patent. I read the claims, and sure enough it
-# | was the natural order recalculation patent, but it didn't use those terms.
-# | It didn't use the term [-“spreadsheet”.-]
-# | {+“spreadsheet.”+} In fact, what the patent prohibited was
-# | dozens of different ways of implementing topological sort—all the
-# | ways they could think of. But I don't think it used the term
-# | “topological [-sort”.-] {+sort.”+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For instance, in the 80s and 90s, there was a patent on “natural order "
@@ -830,14 +802,6 @@
"usuarios, harÃa lo que en realidad necesitaban. Y asà es como, por los "
"pelos, evitamos las dos patentes."
-# | Now there is GIF format, for images. That uses the LZW algorithm also.
-# | It didn't take long for people to define another image format, called PNG,
-# | which stands for “PNG's Not [-GIF”.-] {+GIF.”+} I think
-# | it uses the gzip algorithm. And we started saying to people, “Don't
-# | use GIF format, it's dangerous. Switch to PNG.” And the users said,
-# | “Well, maybe some day, but the browsers don't implement it
-# | yet,” and the browser developers said, “We may implement it
-# | someday, but there's not much demand from users.”
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Now there is GIF format, for images. That uses the LZW algorithm also. It "
@@ -993,16 +957,6 @@
"desarrollar un estándar suplementario, pero desistieron. Dijeron que habÃa "
"demasiadas patentes y que no habÃa forma de hacerlo."
-# | Sometimes it's a feature that's patented, and the only way to avoid that
-# | patent is not to implement that feature. For instance, the users of the
-# | word processor Xywrite once got a downgrade in the mail, which removed a
-# | feature. The feature was that you could define a list of abbreviations.
-# | For instance, if you define “exp” as an abbreviation for
-# | [-“experiment”,-] {+“experiment,”+} then if you
-# | type “exp-space“ or [-“exp-comma”,-]
-# | {+“exp-comma,”+} the “exp” would change
-# | automatically to [-“experiment”.-]
-# | {+“experiment.”+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Sometimes it's a feature that's patented, and the only way to avoid that "
@@ -1087,15 +1041,6 @@
msgstr ""
"¿Y qué hay de la siguiente posibilidad, obtener una licencia para la
patente?"
-# | Well, the patent holder may not offer you a license. It's entirely up to
-# | him. He could say, “I just want to shut you down.” I once got
-# | a letter from somebody whose family business was making casino games,
-# | which were of course computerized, and he had been threatened by a patent
-# | holder who wanted to make his business shut down. He sent me the patent.
-# | Claim 1 was something like “a network with a multiplicity of
-# | computers, in which each computer supports a multiplicity of games, and
-# | allows a multiplicity of game sessions at the same [-time”.-]
-# | {+time.”+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Well, the patent holder may not offer you a license. It's entirely up to "
@@ -1639,12 +1584,6 @@
"ninguna de ellas será factible. Y cuando esto sucede, el proyecto puede "
"darse por muerto."
-# | But lawyers in most countries tell us, “Don't try to find the
-# | patents in [-advance”,-] {+advance,”+} and the reason is that
-# | the penalty for infringement is bigger if you knew about the patent. So
-# | what they tell you is “Keep your eyes shut. Don't try to find out
-# | about the patents, just go blindly taking your design decisions, and
-# | hope.”
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But lawyers in most countries tell us, “Don't try to find the patents "
@@ -2692,15 +2631,6 @@
"software, pero las oficinas de patentes tuercen la ley para introducirlas de "
"todos modos."
-# | For instance, a lot of things which practically speaking are software
-# | patents have the form where they describe a system involving a central
-# | processing unit, a memory, input/output facilities, instruction-fetching
-# | facilities, and means to perform this particular computation. In effect
-# | they've written explicitly into the patent all the parts of an ordinary
-# | computer, and then they say, “Well, this is a physical system which
-# | we would like to [-patent”,-] {+patent,”+} but really it's
-# | just patenting certain software on a computer. There are many subterfuges
-# | that they've used.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For instance, a lot of things which practically speaking are software "
@@ -2776,11 +2706,6 @@
"Es lo que ha hecho que Microsoft casi tuviera que dejar de vender Word, pues "
"se ha descubierto que infringÃa una patente canadiense."
-# | Oh, that one. That's just an example of how dangerous software patents
-# | are to all software developers. I don't like what Microsoft does, but
-# | that's an issue that's irrelevant for this purpose. It's not good that
-# | somebody can sue a software developer and say “I won't let you
-# | distribute such [-software”.-] {+software.”+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
"Oh, that one. That's just an example of how dangerous software patents are "
@@ -2936,13 +2861,6 @@
"naturalmente entonces no habÃa en absoluto tantos usuarios de ordenadores "
"como ahora."
-# | How many computer users were there in 1982, even in the US? It was a small
-# | fraction of the public. But there were software developers. They weren't
-# | saying, “We desperately want [-patents”.-] {+patents.”+}
-# | They weren't getting sued for patent infringement after they developed
-# | their programs. But there is a bit of [economic] research that I saw that
-# | apparently software patents resulted not in an increase in research, but
-# | [in] a shift of funds from research into patenting.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"How many computer users were there in 1982, even in the US? It was a small "
@@ -3025,10 +2943,6 @@
"Asà que si quieren pueden pasar por aquÃ. Ha sido una gran disertación. "
"Gracias, Richard."
-# | This speech is published in <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\"><cite>Free
-# | Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
-# | Stallman</cite></a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"This speech is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
@@ -3090,9 +3004,7 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# | Copyright © 2009, [-2010, 2014, 2020-] {+2021+} Richard Stallman
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-#| msgid "Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2014, 2020 Richard Stallman"
msgid "Copyright © 2009, 2021 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright © 2009, 2021 Richard Stallman"
Index: po/enforcing-gpl.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/enforcing-gpl.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/enforcing-gpl.es-en.html 19 Jul 2021 10:00:43 -0000 1.6
+++ po/enforcing-gpl.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:04 -0000 1.7
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
-<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing copyleft" -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Enforcing the GNU GPL
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
<h2>Enforcing the GNU GPL</h2>
<address class="byline">by <a href="http://moglen.law.columbia.edu/";>Eben
-Moglen</a></address>
+Moglen</a> <a href="#moglen"><sup>[*]</sup></a></address>
<p><em>10 September 2001</em></p>
@@ -191,9 +191,9 @@
is the right way after all.</p>
</div>
-<div class="infobox" role="complementary">
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>
+<p id="moglen">[*]
Eben Moglen is professor of law and legal history at Columbia University
Law School. He serves without fee as General Counsel of the Free Software
Foundation.
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/07/19 10:00:43 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:04 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/free-software-even-more-important.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.28
retrieving revision 1.29
diff -u -b -r1.28 -r1.29
--- po/free-software-even-more-important.es-en.html 11 Mar 2021 10:04:17
-0000 1.28
+++ po/free-software-even-more-important.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05
-0000 1.29
@@ -1,31 +1,27 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.94 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays aboutfs principles" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Free Software Is Even More Important Now
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Free Software Is Even More Important Now</h2>
-<address class="byline">by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
-<p><em>A substantially edited version of this article was published in <a
-href="http://www.wired.com/opinion/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-before";>
-Wired</a>.</em></p>
-
<p><em>Watch a <a
href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/20140407-geneva-tedx-talk-free-software-free-society/";>
14-min video presentation</a> of these ideas.</em></p>
+<div class="thin"></div>
-<div class="announcement">
-<p>
-<a href="/help/help.html">Suggested ways you can help the free software
-movement</a>
-</p>
-</div>
-<hr class="thin" />
-
+<div class="article">
<p>Since 1983, the Free Software Movement has campaigned for computer
users' freedom—for users to control the software they
use, rather than vice versa. When a program respects users' freedom
@@ -38,6 +34,15 @@
detail. Either way, they give the program's developer power
over the users, power that no one should have.</p>
+<div class="announcement comment" role="complementary">
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<p>
+<a href="/help/help.html">Suggested ways you can help the free software
+movement</a>
+</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
+
<p>Those two nonfree programs have something else in common: they are
both <em>malware</em>. That is, both have functionalities designed to
mistreat the user. Proprietary software nowadays is often malware
@@ -80,11 +85,11 @@
<p>(0) The freedom to run the program as you wish, for whatever
purpose.</p>
-<p>(1) The freedom to study the program's “source code”,
+<p>(1) The freedom to study the program's “source code,”
and change it, so the program does your computing as you wish.
Programs are written by programmers in a programming
language—like English combined with algebra—and that form
-of the program is the “source code”. Anyone who knows
+of the program is the “source code.” Anyone who knows
programming, and has the program in source code form, can read the
source code, understand its functioning, and change it too. When all
you get is the executable form, a series of numbers that are efficient
@@ -152,12 +157,12 @@
would turn it into the <a
href="https://archive.ieet.org/articles/rinesi20150806.html";>
“internet of telemarketers”</a> as well as the
-“internet of snoopers”.</p>
+“internet of snoopers.”</p>
<p>With the goal of ending the injustice of nonfree software, the free
software movement develops free programs so users can free themselves.
We began in 1984 by developing the free operating system <a
-href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">GNU</a>. Today, millions of computers
+href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">GNU</a>. Today, millions of computers
run GNU, mainly in the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
combination</a>.</p>
@@ -210,7 +215,7 @@
<p>Another harm of using nonfree programs and SaaSS is that it rewards
the perpetrator, encouraging further development of that program or
-“service”, leading in turn to even more people falling
+“service,” leading in turn to even more people falling
under the company's thumb.</p>
<p>All the forms of indirect harm are magnified when the user is a
@@ -233,7 +238,7 @@
<p>Proprietary software has no security at all in one crucial case
— against its developer. And the developer may help others attack.
-<a
href="http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/";>
+<a
href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/";>
Microsoft shows Windows bugs to the NSA</a> (the US government digital
spying agency) before fixing them. We do not know whether Apple does
likewise, but it is under the same government pressure as Microsoft.
@@ -285,7 +290,7 @@
work consists of organized cooperation. If your friend comes to visit
and sees you use a program, she might ask for a copy. A program which
stops you from redistributing it, or says you're “not supposed
-to”, is antisocial.</p>
+to,” is antisocial.</p>
<p>In computing, cooperation includes redistributing exact copies of a
program to other users. It also includes distributing your changed
@@ -324,10 +329,19 @@
we now have the free GNU/Linux operating system that
anyone—programmer or not—can use. Join our cause, as a
programmer or an activist. Let's make all computer users free.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="infobox">
+<hr />
+<p>A substantially edited version of this article was published in <a
+href="https://www.wired.com/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-before/";>
+<cite>Wired</cite></a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" class="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -345,13 +359,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -372,7 +386,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2013-2015, 2017, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -382,7 +396,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/03/11 10:04:17 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/free-software-even-more-important.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-software-even-more-important.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.86
retrieving revision 1.87
diff -u -b -r1.86 -r1.87
--- po/free-software-even-more-important.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:31 -0000
1.86
+++ po/free-software-even-more-important.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000
1.87
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
msgstr "El software libre es ahora aún más importante"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>"
msgstr "por <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>"
@@ -69,12 +68,11 @@
"have."
msgstr ""
"A veces también lo llamamos «libre» para enfatizar que nos referimos a la "
-"libertad, y no al precio <a href=\"#TransNote1\" id=\"TransNote1-rev"
-"\"><sup>[1]</sup></a>. Algunos programas privativos, como Photoshop, son muy "
-"caros; otros, como la aplicación de Uber, son gratuitos, pero eso es un "
-"detalle sin importancia. En ambos casos esos programas someten a los "
-"usuarios al poder del desarrollador del programa, poder que nadie deberÃa "
-"tener."
+"libertad, y no al precio <a href=\"#TransNote1\" id=\"TransNote1-rev\"><sup>"
+"[1]</sup></a>. Algunos programas privativos, como Photoshop, son muy caros; "
+"otros, como la aplicación de Uber, son gratuitos, pero eso es un detalle sin
"
+"importancia. En ambos casos esos programas someten a los usuarios al poder "
+"del desarrollador del programa, poder que nadie deberÃa tener."
#. type: Content of: <div><div><div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -175,16 +173,6 @@
"(0) La libertad de ejecutar el programa como usted quiera, para cualquier "
"propósito."
-# | (1) The freedom to study the program's “source [-code”,-]
-# | {+code,”+} and change it, so the program does your computing as you
-# | wish. Programs are written by programmers in a programming
-# | language—like English combined with algebra—and that form of
-# | the program is the “source [-code”.-] {+code.”+} Anyone
-# | who knows programming, and has the program in source code form, can read
-# | the source code, understand its functioning, and change it too. When all
-# | you get is the executable form, a series of numbers that are efficient for
-# | the computer to run but extremely hard for a human being to understand,
-# | understanding and changing the program in that form are forbiddingly hard.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(1) The freedom to study the program's “source code,” and change "
@@ -327,11 +315,6 @@
"necesidad de pedir permiso. El Kindle de Amazon contiene una puerta trasera "
"que puede borrar libros."
-# | The use of nonfree software in the “internet of things” would
-# | turn it into the <a
-# | href=\"https://archive.ieet.org/articles/rinesi20150806.html\";>
-# | “internet of telemarketers”</a> as well as the “internet
-# | of [-snoopers”.-] {+snoopers.”+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The use of nonfree software in the “internet of things” would "
@@ -343,13 +326,6 @@
"convertirÃa en el <a
href=\"https://archive.ieet.org/articles/rinesi20150806.";
"html\">«Internet de los telemercaderes»</a> y el «Internet de los
intrusos»."
-# | With the goal of ending the injustice of nonfree software, the free
-# | software movement develops free programs so users can free themselves. We
-# | began in 1984 by developing the free operating system <a
-# | [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">GNU</a>.-]
-# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">GNU</a>.+} Today, millions of computers
-# | run GNU, mainly in the <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux
-# | combination</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"With the goal of ending the injustice of nonfree software, the free software "
@@ -470,10 +446,6 @@
"hacer propuestas como esas. Debemos rechazar el uso de esos programas, "
"aunque sea brevemente, incluso en el ordenador de otra persona."
-# | Another harm of using nonfree programs and SaaSS is that it rewards the
-# | perpetrator, encouraging further development of that program or
-# | [-“service”,-] {+“service,”+} leading in turn to
-# | even more people falling under the company's thumb.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Another harm of using nonfree programs and SaaSS is that it rewards the "
@@ -526,18 +498,6 @@
"Tampoco deben delegar la realización de esas tareas a un servicio programado
"
"y ejecutado por un ente distinto del Estado, porque eso serÃa un SaaSS."
-# | Proprietary software has no security at all in one crucial case —
-# | against its developer. And the developer may help others attack. <a
-# |
[-href=\"http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/\";>-]
-# |
{+href=\"https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/06/nsa-gets-early-access-to-zero-day-data-from-microsoft-others/\";>+}
-# | Microsoft shows Windows bugs to the NSA</a> (the US government digital
-# | spying agency) before fixing them. We do not know whether Apple does
-# | likewise, but it is under the same government pressure as Microsoft. If
-# | the government of any other country uses such software, it endangers
-# | national security. Do you want the NSA to break into your government's
-# | computers? See our <a
-# | href=\"/philosophy/government-free-software.html\">suggested policies for
-# | governments to promote free software</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary software has no security at all in one crucial case — "
@@ -640,14 +600,6 @@
"servicio informático. Es lo que hay que hacer por razones egoÃstas, aunque "
"no solo por razones egoÃstas."
-# | Freedom includes the freedom to cooperate with others. Denying people
-# | that freedom means keeping them divided, which is the start of a scheme to
-# | oppress them. In the free software community, we are very much aware of
-# | the importance of the freedom to cooperate because our work consists of
-# | organized cooperation. If your friend comes to visit and sees you use a
-# | program, she might ask for a copy. A program which stops you from
-# | redistributing it, or says you're “not supposed [-to”,-]
-# | {+to,”+} is antisocial.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Freedom includes the freedom to cooperate with others. Denying people that "
@@ -747,12 +699,6 @@
"como programador o como activista. Hagamos que todos los usuarios de "
"ordenadores sean libres."
-# | [-<em>A-]{+A+} substantially edited version of this article was published
-# | in <a
-# |
[-href=\"http://www.wired.com/opinion/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-before\";>
-# | Wired</a>.</em>-]
-# |
{+href=\"https://www.wired.com/2013/09/why-free-software-is-more-important-now-than-ever-before/\";>
-# | <cite>Wired</cite></a>.+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"A substantially edited version of this article was published in <a href="
@@ -815,10 +761,7 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# | Copyright © [-2015,-] {+2013-2015,+} 2017, [-2018, 2019, 2020,-] 2021
-# | Richard Stallman
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-#| msgid "Copyright © 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman"
msgid "Copyright © 2013-2015, 2017, 2021 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright © 2013-2015, 2017, 2021 Richard Stallman"
Index: po/free-software-for-freedom.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.29
retrieving revision 1.30
diff -u -b -r1.29 -r1.30
--- po/free-software-for-freedom.es-en.html 27 Oct 2020 10:59:49 -0000
1.29
+++ po/free-software-for-freedom.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000
1.30
@@ -1,18 +1,27 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays aboutfs free-open" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why “Free Software” is better than “Open Source”
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Why “Free Software” is better than “Open
Source”</h2>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>This article has been superseded by a major rewrite,
+<div class="comment">
+<p>This article has been superseded by a major rewrite,
<a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">“Open
Source” misses the point of Free Software</a>, which is much
-better. We keep this version for historical reasons.</p></blockquote>
+better. We keep this version for historical reasons.</p>
</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div class="article">
<p>
While free software by any other name would give you the same
freedom, it makes a big difference which name we use: different words
@@ -20,7 +29,7 @@
<p>
In 1998, some of the people in the free software community began using
-the term <a href="https://opensource.org/";>“open source
+the term <a href="https://opensource.org";>“open source
software”</a> instead of <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">“free
software”</a> to describe what they do. The term “open
source”
quickly became associated with a different approach, a different
@@ -36,8 +45,8 @@
movement, the issue of whether software should be open source is a
practical question, not an ethical one. As one person put it, “Open
source is a development methodology; free software is a social
-movement.” For the Open Source movement, non-free software is a
-suboptimal solution. For the Free Software movement, non-free
+movement.” For the Open Source movement, nonfree software is a
+suboptimal solution. For the Free Software movement, nonfree
software is a social problem and free software is the solution.</p>
<h3 id="relationship">Relationship between the Free Software
@@ -72,7 +81,7 @@
obscured behind a group with different views. To prevent people from
thinking we are part of them, we take pains to avoid using the word
“open” to describe free software, or its contrary,
-“closed”, in talking about non-free software.</p>
+“closed,” in talking about nonfree software.</p>
<p>
So please mention the Free Software movement when you talk about the
@@ -83,7 +92,7 @@
<p>
This rest of this article compares the two terms “free software”
and
-“open source”. It shows why the term “open source”
does not solve
+“open source.” It shows why the term “open source”
does not solve
any problems, and in fact creates some.</p>
<h3 id="ambiguity">Ambiguity</h3>
@@ -200,7 +209,7 @@
talk too.</p>
<p>
-At present, we have plenty of “keep quiet”, but not enough
+At present, we have plenty of “keep quiet,” but not enough
freedom talk. Most people involved with free software say little
about freedom—usually because they seek to be “more
acceptable to business.” Software distributors especially show
@@ -213,8 +222,8 @@
<p>
We are failing to keep up with the influx of free software users,
failing to teach people about freedom and our community as fast as
-they enter it. This is why non-free software (which Qt was when it
-first became popular), and partially non-free operating system
+they enter it. This is why nonfree software (which Qt was when it
+first became popular), and partially nonfree operating system
distributions, find such fertile ground. To stop using the word
“free” now would be a mistake; we need more, not less, talk about
freedom.</p>
@@ -256,7 +265,7 @@
<p>
This did not actually say that the program <em>was</em> “open
-source”, but many readers did not notice that detail. (I should note
+source,” but many readers did not notice that detail. (I should note
that IBM was sincerely trying to make this program free software, and
later adopted a new license which does make it free software and
“open source”; but when that announcement was made, the program did
@@ -275,19 +284,19 @@
<p>
Unlike IBM, Cygnus was not trying to make these packages free
software, and the packages did not come close to qualifying. But
-Cygnus didn't actually say that these are “open source software”,
+Cygnus didn't actually say that these are “open source software,”
they just made use of the term to give careless readers that
impression.</p>
<p>
These observations suggest that a trademark would not have truly
-prevented the confusion that comes with the term “open source”.</p>
+prevented the confusion that comes with the term “open source.”</p>
<h3 id="newinnovember">Misunderstandings(?) of “Open Source”</h3>
<p>
The Open Source Definition is clear enough, and it is quite clear that
-the typical non-free program does not qualify. So you would think
+the typical nonfree program does not qualify. So you would think
that “Open Source company” would mean one whose products are free
software (or close to it), right? Alas, many companies are trying to
give it a different meaning.</p>
@@ -314,16 +323,16 @@
<p>
Over the years, many companies have contributed to free software
-development. Some of these companies primarily developed non-free
+development. Some of these companies primarily developed nonfree
software, but the two activities were separate; thus, we could ignore
-their non-free products, and work with them on free software projects.
+their nonfree products, and work with them on free software projects.
Then we could honestly thank them afterward for their free software
contributions, without talking about the rest of what they did.</p>
<p>
We cannot do the same with these new companies, because they won't let
us. These companies actively invite the public to lump all their
-activities together; they want us to regard their non-free software as
+activities together; they want us to regard their nonfree software as
favorably as we would regard a real contribution, although it is not
one. They present themselves as “open source companies,” hoping
that we will get a warm fuzzy feeling about them, and that we will be
@@ -339,11 +348,11 @@
<p>
At a trade show in late 1998, dedicated to the operating system often
referred to
-as <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">“Linux”</a>, the
+as “<a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</a>,” the
featured speaker was an executive from a prominent software company.
He was probably invited on account of his company's decision to
“support” that system. Unfortunately, their form of
-“support” consists of releasing non-free software that
+“support” consists of releasing nonfree software that
works with the system—in other words, using our community as a
market but not contributing to it.</p>
@@ -378,9 +387,9 @@
Project, so we can help do that job. If you feel that freedom and
community are important for their own sake—not just for the
convenience they bring—please join us in using the term
-“free software”.</p>
-
-<hr />
+“free software.”</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
+</div>
<!-- The archived version is truncated.
<p>
@@ -388,24 +397,25 @@
<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080703140137/http://www.itworld.com/LWD010523vcontrol4";>Live
and
let license [archived]</a> that gives his perspective on this issue.</p>
-->
-
+<h3 class="footnote">Note</h3>
<p>
Lakhani and Wolf's
-<a
href="http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf";>paper
on the
+<a
href="https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf";>paper
on the
motivation of free software developers</a> says that a considerable
fraction are motivated by the view that software should be free. This
was despite the fact that they surveyed the developers on SourceForge,
a site that does not support the view that this is an ethical issue.</p>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This essay is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">This essay is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -423,16 +433,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2007, 2016, 2020 Free Software
Foundation,
+<p>Copyright © 1998-2003, 2007, 2010, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
@@ -443,10 +453,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/27 10:59:49 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/free-software-for-freedom.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.48
retrieving revision 1.49
diff -u -b -r1.48 -r1.49
--- po/free-software-for-freedom.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:31 -0000 1.48
+++ po/free-software-for-freedom.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.49
@@ -66,16 +66,6 @@
"<em>transmiten ideas diferentes</em>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | In 1998, some of the people in the free software community began using the
-# | term <a href=\"https://opensource.org[-/-]\";>“open source
-# | software”</a> instead of <a
-# | href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">“free software”</a> to
-# | describe what they do. The term “open source” quickly became
-# | associated with a different approach, a different philosophy, different
-# | values, and even a different criterion for which licenses are acceptable.
-# | The Free Software movement and the Open Source movement are today <a
-# | href=\"#relationship\"> separate movements</a> with different views and
-# | goals, although we can and do work together on some practical projects.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1998, some of the people in the free software community began using the "
@@ -102,14 +92,6 @@
"y trabajemos juntos en algunos proyectos prácticos."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | The fundamental difference between the two movements is in their values,
-# | their ways of looking at the world. For the Open Source movement, the
-# | issue of whether software should be open source is a practical question,
-# | not an ethical one. As one person put it, “Open source is a
-# | development methodology; free software is a social movement.” For
-# | the Open Source movement, non[---]free software is a suboptimal solution.
-# | For the Free Software movement, non[---]free software is a social problem
-# | and free software is the solution.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The fundamental difference between the two movements is in their values, "
@@ -179,15 +161,6 @@
"\">software privativo</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | We are not against the Open Source movement, but we don't want to be
-# | lumped in with them. We acknowledge that they have contributed to our
-# | community, but we created this community, and we want people to know this.
-# | We want people to associate our achievements with our values and our
-# | philosophy, not with theirs. We want to be heard, not obscured behind a
-# | group with different views. To prevent people from thinking we are part
-# | of them, we take pains to avoid using the word “open” to
-# | describe free software, or its contrary, [-“closed”,-]
-# | {+“closed,”+} in talking about non[---]free software.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"We are not against the Open Source movement, but we don't want to be lumped "
@@ -228,10 +201,6 @@
msgstr "Comparando los dos términos"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | This rest of this article compares the two terms “free
-# | software” and “open [-source”.-] {+source.”+} It
-# | shows why the term “open source” does not solve any problems,
-# | and in fact creates some.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"This rest of this article compares the two terms “free software” "
@@ -471,15 +440,6 @@
"comunidad, pero también debemos hablar mucho sobre libertad."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | At present, we have plenty of “keep [-quiet”,-]
-# | {+quiet,”+} but not enough freedom talk. Most people involved with
-# | free software say little about freedom—usually because they seek to
-# | be “more acceptable to business.” Software distributors
-# | especially show this pattern. Some <a
-# | href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> operating system
-# | distributions add proprietary packages to the basic free system, and they
-# | invite users to consider this an advantage, rather than a step backwards
-# | from freedom.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"At present, we have plenty of “keep quiet,” but not enough "
@@ -502,12 +462,6 @@
"libertad."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | We are failing to keep up with the influx of free software users, failing
-# | to teach people about freedom and our community as fast as they enter it.
-# | This is why non[---]free software (which Qt was when it first became
-# | popular), and partially non[---]free operating system distributions, find
-# | such fertile ground. To stop using the word “free” now would
-# | be a mistake; we need more, not less, talk about freedom.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"We are failing to keep up with the influx of free software users, failing to "
@@ -599,12 +553,6 @@
"tecnologÃa ... también podrán colaborar con IBM ..."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | This did not actually say that the program <em>was</em> “open
-# | [-source”,-] {+source,”+} but many readers did not notice that
-# | detail. (I should note that IBM was sincerely trying to make this program
-# | free software, and later adopted a new license which does make it free
-# | software and “open source”; but when that announcement was
-# | made, the program did not qualify as either one.)
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"This did not actually say that the program <em>was</em> “open source,"
@@ -642,11 +590,6 @@
"lanzado dos productos en el mercado de [GNU/]Linux."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | Unlike IBM, Cygnus was not trying to make these packages free software,
-# | and the packages did not come close to qualifying. But Cygnus didn't
-# | actually say that these are “open source [-software”,-]
-# | {+software,”+} they just made use of the term to give careless
-# | readers that impression.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Unlike IBM, Cygnus was not trying to make these packages free software, and "
@@ -660,9 +603,6 @@
"término para darles esa impresión a los lectores poco atentos."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | These observations suggest that a trademark would not have truly prevented
-# | the confusion that comes with the term “open [-source”.-]
-# | {+source.”+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These observations suggest that a trademark would not have truly prevented "
@@ -677,11 +617,6 @@
msgstr "Malinterpretaciones (?) de «código Abierto»"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | The Open Source Definition is clear enough, and it is quite clear that the
-# | typical non[---]free program does not qualify. So you would think that
-# | “Open Source company” would mean one whose products are free
-# | software (or close to it), right? Alas, many companies are trying to give
-# | it a different meaning.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The Open Source Definition is clear enough, and it is quite clear that the "
@@ -736,12 +671,6 @@
"comunidad aceptara.)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | Over the years, many companies have contributed to free software
-# | development. Some of these companies primarily developed non[---]free
-# | software, but the two activities were separate; thus, we could ignore
-# | their non[---]free products, and work with them on free software projects.
-# | Then we could honestly thank them afterward for their free software
-# | contributions, without talking about the rest of what they did.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Over the years, many companies have contributed to free software "
@@ -760,13 +689,6 @@
"lo que hicieron."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | We cannot do the same with these new companies, because they won't let us.
-# | These companies actively invite the public to lump all their activities
-# | together; they want us to regard their non[---]free software as favorably
-# | as we would regard a real contribution, although it is not one. They
-# | present themselves as “open source companies,” hoping that we
-# | will get a warm fuzzy feeling about them, and that we will be fuzzy-minded
-# | in applying it.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"We cannot do the same with these new companies, because they won't let us. "
@@ -800,15 +722,6 @@
"hace parecer propicio. El término «código abierto» abrió la puerta para
esto."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | At a trade show in late 1998, dedicated to the operating system often
-# | referred to as [-<a
-# | href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">“Linux”</a>,-] {+“<a
-# | href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux</a>,”+} the featured speaker
-# | was an executive from a prominent software company. He was probably
-# | invited on account of his company's decision to “support” that
-# | system. Unfortunately, their form of “support” consists of
-# | releasing non[---]free software that works with the system—in other
-# | words, using our community as a market but not contributing to it.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"At a trade show in late 1998, dedicated to the operating system often "
@@ -883,12 +796,6 @@
"para no considerar la idea que los usuarios <em>merecen</em> libertad."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | Spreading the idea of freedom is a big job—it needs your help.
-# | That's why we stick to the term “free software” in the GNU
-# | Project, so we can help do that job. If you feel that freedom and
-# | community are important for their own sake—not just for the
-# | convenience they bring—please join us in using the term “free
-# | [-software”.-] {+software.”+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Spreading the idea of freedom is a big job—it needs your help. That's "
@@ -909,12 +816,6 @@
msgstr "Nota"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | Lakhani and Wolf's <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-management/15-352-managing-innovation-emerging-trends-spring-2005/readings/lakhaniwolf.pdf\">paper
-# | on the motivation of free software developers</a> says that a considerable
-# | fraction are motivated by the view that software should be free. This was
-# | despite the fact that they surveyed the developers on SourceForge, a site
-# | that does not support the view that this is an ethical issue.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Lakhani and Wolf's <a href=\"https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/sloan-school-of-";
@@ -933,10 +834,6 @@
"del hecho que hayan entrevistado a los desarrolladores en SourceForge, un "
"sitio que no defiende la idea que este es un asunto ético."
-# | This essay is published in <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\"><cite>Free
-# | Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
-# | Stallman</cite></a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"This essay is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
@@ -997,11 +894,7 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015, 2016, 2017-] {+1998-2003, 2007, 2010,
-# | 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
"Copyright © 1998-2003, 2007, 2010, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
Index: po/historical-apsl.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/historical-apsl.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/historical-apsl.es-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:58:58 -0000 1.3
+++ po/historical-apsl.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.4
@@ -1,21 +1,28 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing non-cpleft" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Problems with older versions of the Apple License (APSL)
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/historical-apsl.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>The Problems with older versions of the Apple Public Source License
(APSL)</h2>
-<h3>FSF Position on the Older Versions of APSL</h3>
-
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote>
+<div class="comment">
<p>The current version of the Apple Public Source License (APSL) does not
have any of these problems. <a href="/philosophy/apsl.html">You can
read our current position on the APSL elsewhere</a>. This document is
kept here for historical purposes only.</p>
-</blockquote>
</div>
+<hr class="thin" />
+
+<div class="article">
+<h3>FSF Position on the Older Versions of APSL</h3>
<p>
Apple released an updated version, 1.1, of the APSL but it remained
@@ -120,14 +127,16 @@
<p>
Apple has grasped perfectly the concept with which “open
source” is promoted, which is “show users the source and
-they will help you fix bugs”. What Apple has not
+they will help you fix bugs.” What Apple has not
grasped—or has dismissed—is the spirit of free software,
which is that we form a community to cooperate on the commons of
software.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -145,19 +154,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -172,20 +181,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2003, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:58:58 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/historical-apsl.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/historical-apsl.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- po/historical-apsl.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:31 -0000 1.17
+++ po/historical-apsl.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.18
@@ -264,11 +264,6 @@
"profundas como la libertad, la comunidad, la cooperación y el tipo de "
"sociedad en la que queremos vivir."
-# | Apple has grasped perfectly the concept with which “open
-# | source” is promoted, which is “show users the source and they
-# | will help you fix [-bugs”.-] {+bugs.”+} What Apple has not
-# | grasped—or has dismissed—is the spirit of free software, which
-# | is that we form a community to cooperate on the commons of software.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Apple has grasped perfectly the concept with which “open source” "
@@ -329,11 +324,7 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# | Copyright © 1999, 2001, 200[-7-]{+3+}, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
-# | Inc.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2007, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid "Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2003, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 1999, 2001, 2003, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/latest-articles.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/latest-articles.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/latest-articles.es-en.html 3 Jun 2021 08:31:39 -0000 1.3
+++ po/latest-articles.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.4
@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@
</div>
<ul>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-rocket.html">Should Rockets
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html">The WWWorst app
+ store</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-rocket.html">Should Rockets
Have Only Free Software? Free Software and Appliances</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">Saying No to unjust
computing even once is help</a></li>
@@ -46,12 +48,6 @@
When Free Software Depends on Nonfree</a></li>
<li><a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html">
Applying the Free Software Criteria</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">The Curious History of
- Komongistan (Busting the term “intellectual property”)</a></li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html">
- Free Hardware and Free Hardware Designs</a></li>
-<li><a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html">
- What Does It Mean for Your Computer to Be Loyal?</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
@@ -113,7 +109,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/06/03 08:31:39 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/latest-articles.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/latest-articles.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/latest-articles.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:31 -0000 1.11
+++ po/latest-articles.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.12
@@ -33,10 +33,7 @@
"Recién salidos de imprenta, estos son los últimos artÃculos publicados "
"acerca del software libre y el proyecto GNU."
-# | <a [-href=\"/philosophy/posting-videos.html\">Posting Videos</a>-]
-# | {+href=\"/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html\">The WWWorst app store</a>+}
#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
-#| msgid "<a href=\"/philosophy/posting-videos.html\">Posting Videos</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html\">The WWWorst app store</a>"
msgstr ""
Index: po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.29
retrieving revision 1.30
diff -u -b -r1.29 -r1.30
--- po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es-en.html 27 Oct 2020 10:59:49 -0000 1.29
+++ po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.30
@@ -1,20 +1,25 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="thirdparty" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Introduction to Free Software, Free Society
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
+<h2>Introduction to
+<cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of
+Richard M. Stallman</cite></h2>
+
+<address class="byline">
+by Lawrence Lessig <a href="#lessig"><sup>[*]</sup></a>
+</address>
-<h2>Introduction
-to <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><i>Free
-Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</i></a></h2>
-
-<p>
-by Lawrence Lessig, Professor of Law, Stanford Law School
-</p>
-
+<div class="article">
<p>
Every generation has its philosopher — a writer or an artist who
captures the imagination of a time. Sometimes these philosophers are
@@ -217,21 +222,24 @@
and works, there is inspiration for anyone who would, like Stallman,
fight to create this freedom.
</p>
+</div>
-<p>
-<strong>Lawrence Lessig</strong><br />
-<strong>Professor of Law, Stanford Law School.</strong>
-</p>
-
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Learn more about
-<a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<p id="lessig">
+[*] Lawrence Lessig was then Professor of Law at Stanford Law
+School.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">Learn more about
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -249,17 +257,17 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2013, 2017, 2018, 2020 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -269,7 +277,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/27 10:59:49 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.43
retrieving revision 1.44
diff -u -b -r1.43 -r1.44
--- po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:31 -0000 1.43
+++ po/lessig-fsfs-intro.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.44
@@ -34,10 +34,6 @@
"Software Foundation"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-# | Introduction to [-<a
-# | href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\";><i>Free-]
-# | {+<cite>Free+} Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
-# | [-Stallman</i></a>-] {+Stallman</cite>+}
#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid ""
"Introduction to <cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of "
@@ -466,8 +462,6 @@
"crear esa libertad."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | [-by-]{+[*]+} Lawrence [-Lessig,-] {+Lessig was then+} Professor of
-# | [-Law,-] {+Law at+} Stanford Law School{+.+}
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid "[*] Lawrence Lessig was then Professor of Law at Stanford Law School."
msgstr ""
@@ -475,10 +469,6 @@
"Stanford."
# type: Content of: <h2>
-# | Learn more about <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\"><cite>Free
-# | Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
-# | Stallman</cite></a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Learn more about <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-";
@@ -498,8 +488,8 @@
"\" id=\"TransNote1\">[1]</a> En inglés, «free» significa «libre», pero "
"también «gratuito». A causa de esta ambigüedad, la expresión «free
software» "
"a veces es malinterpretada, lo cual no sucede con su equivalente «software "
-"libre» en español. <br /> <a href=\"#TransNote2-rev\" id="
-"\"TransNote2\">[2]</a> En contraposición a trabajo forzado."
+"libre» en español. <br /> <a href=\"#TransNote2-rev\"
id=\"TransNote2\">[2]"
+"</a> En contraposición a trabajo forzado."
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
@@ -541,10 +531,7 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015-] {+2002, 2021+} Free Software Foundation,
-# | Inc.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-#| msgid "Copyright © 2014, 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid "Copyright © 2002, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2002, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/misinterpreting-copyright.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/misinterpreting-copyright.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.34
diff -u -b -r1.33 -r1.34
--- po/misinterpreting-copyright.es-en.html 27 Oct 2020 10:59:49 -0000
1.33
+++ po/misinterpreting-copyright.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000
1.34
@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws copyright" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Misinterpreting Copyright
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/misinterpreting-copyright.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Misinterpreting Copyright—A Series of Errors</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Something strange and dangerous is happening in copyright law. Under
the US Constitution, copyright exists to benefit users—those
@@ -582,38 +591,38 @@
deserve special power over you. If you wish to reward me further for
the software or books I have written, I would gratefully accept a
check—but please don't surrender your freedom in my name.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
+</div>
-<h4>Footnotes</h4>
+<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3>
<ol>
-<li>
-<a id="footnote1"></a>See Julian Sanchezâs
+<li id="footnote1">See Julian Sanchezâs
article <a
href="http://www.juliansanchez.com/2011/02/04/the-trouble-with-balance-metaphors/";>“The
Trouble with ‘Balance’ Metaphors”</a> for an
examination of “how the analogy between sound judgment and
balancing weights may constrain our thinking in unhealthy
ways.”</li>
-<li>
-<a id="footnote2"></a>Since renamed to the unpronounceable CBDTPA,
+<li id="footnote2">Since renamed to the unpronounceable CBDTPA,
for which a good mnemonic is “Consume, But Don't Try
Programming Anything,” but it really stands for the
“Consumer Broadband and Digital Television Promotion
Act.”</li>
-<li>
-<a id="footnote3"></a>If you would like to help, I recommend the Web
-sites <a href="http://defectivebydesign.org";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>,
-<a href="http://publicknowledge.org";>publicknowledge.org</a>
-and <a href="http://www.eff.org";>www.eff.org</a>.</li>
+<li id="footnote3">If you would like to help, I recommend the Web
+sites <a href="https://www.defectivebydesign.org/";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>,
+<a href="https://www.publicknowledge.org/";>publicknowledge.org</a>
+and <a href="https://www.eff.org/";>www.eff.org</a>.</li>
</ol>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This essay is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="edu-note c"><p id="fsfs">This essay is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -631,13 +640,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -658,7 +667,8 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2007, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2020 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -668,7 +678,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/27 10:59:49 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/misinterpreting-copyright.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/misinterpreting-copyright.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.67
retrieving revision 1.68
diff -u -b -r1.67 -r1.68
--- po/misinterpreting-copyright.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:31 -0000 1.67
+++ po/misinterpreting-copyright.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.68
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-08-20 20:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.1\n"
@@ -36,8 +35,6 @@
msgstr "Interpretación incorrecta del copyright: una serie de errores"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | by <a [-href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard-]
-# | {+href=\"https://stallman.org/\";>Richard+} Stallman</a>
#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by <a href=\"https://stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>"
msgstr "por <a href=\"https://stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>"
@@ -1419,11 +1416,6 @@
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Notas"
-# | [-<a id=\"footnote1\"></a>See-]{+See+} Julian Sanchezâs article <a
-# |
href=\"http://www.juliansanchez.com/2011/02/04/the-trouble-with-balance-metaphors/\";>“The
-# | Trouble with ‘Balance’ Metaphors”</a> for an examination
-# | of “how the analogy between sound judgment and balancing weights may
-# | constrain our thinking in unhealthy ways.”
#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"See Julian Sanchezâs article <a href=\"http://www.juliansanchez.";
@@ -1439,10 +1431,6 @@
"influenciar en modo negativo nuestro modo de pensar»."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-# | [-<a id=\"footnote2\"></a>Since-]{+Since+} renamed to the unpronounceable
-# | CBDTPA, for which a good mnemonic is “Consume, But Don't Try
-# | Programming Anything,” but it really stands for the “Consumer
-# | Broadband and Digital Television Promotion Act.”
#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Since renamed to the unpronounceable CBDTPA, for which a good mnemonic is "
@@ -1458,14 +1446,6 @@
"ancha para consumidores)."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-# | [-<a id=\"footnote3\"></a>If-]{+If+} you would like to help, I recommend
-# | the Web sites <a
-# | [-href=\"http://defectivebydesign.org\";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>,-]
-# | {+href=\"https://www.defectivebydesign.org/\";>DefectiveByDesign.org</a>,+}
-# | <a [-href=\"http://publicknowledge.org\";>publicknowledge.org</a>-]
-# | {+href=\"https://www.publicknowledge.org/\";>publicknowledge.org</a>+} and
-# | <a [-href=\"http://www.eff.org\";>www.eff.org</a>.-]
-# | {+href=\"https://www.eff.org/\";>www.eff.org</a>.+}
#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"If you would like to help, I recommend the Web sites <a href=\"https://www.";
@@ -1478,10 +1458,6 @@
"publicknowledge.org/\">publicknowledge.org</a> y <a href=\"https://www.eff.";
"org\">www.eff.org</a>."
-# | This essay is published in <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\"><cite>Free
-# | Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
-# | Stallman</cite></a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"This essay is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
@@ -1542,11 +1518,7 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# | Copyright © [-2014,-] {+2002, 2009, 2010,+} 2015, [-2016, 2017-]
-# | {+2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
"Copyright © 2002, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
Index: po/no-word-attachments.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/no-word-attachments.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.28
retrieving revision 1.29
diff -u -b -r1.28 -r1.29
--- po/no-word-attachments.es-en.html 11 Jan 2020 11:34:05 -0000 1.28
+++ po/no-word-attachments.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.29
@@ -1,18 +1,23 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.90 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding action" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>We Can Put an End to Word Attachments
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, general, public, license, gpl, general public license, freedom,
software, power, rights, word, attachment, word attachment, microsoft" />
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This essay explains why Microsoft Word
attachments to email are bad, and describes what you can do to help stop this
practice." />
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/no-word-attachments.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>We Can Put an End to Word Attachments</h2>
-<p>by <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong>
-</p>
+<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Don't you just hate receiving Word documents in email messages? Word
attachments are annoying, but, worse than that, they impede people from
@@ -131,7 +136,7 @@
<p>
With our numbers, simply by asking, we can make a difference.</p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
<em>You sent the attachment in Microsoft Word format, a secret
@@ -146,13 +151,11 @@
Would you please reconsider the use of Word format for communication
with other people?</em></p>
-<hr />
-
<p>
(Explanatory note: I can handle ODF too, but it isn't very convenient
for me, so I don't include it in my list of suggestions.)</p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
<em>You sent the attachment in Microsoft Word format, a secret
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@
<p>
<em>Receiving Word documents is bad for you because they can carry
-viruses (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_virus_(computing)).
+viruses (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_virus).
Sending Word documents is bad for you because a Word document normally
includes hidden information about the author, enabling those in the
know to pry into the author's activities (maybe yours). Text that you
@@ -217,18 +220,16 @@
PDF file when requested.</em></p>
<p>
-<em>See http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html for more
+<em>See https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html for more
about this issue.</em></p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
Here's another approach, suggested by Bob Chassell. It requires that
you edit it for the specific example, and it presumes you have a way
to extract the contents and see how long they are.</p>
-<hr />
-
<p>
<em>I am puzzled. Why did you choose to send me 876,377 bytes in your
recent message when the content is only 27,133 bytes?</em></p>
@@ -245,27 +246,25 @@
professionals offering their services. Please don't give them your
support.</em></p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
John D. Ramsdell suggests people discourage the use of proprietary
-attachments by making a small statement in their <kbd>.signature</kbd>
+attachments by making a small statement in their <code>.signature</code>
file:</p>
-<hr />
-
<p>
<em>Please avoid sending me Word or PowerPoint attachments.<br />
-See http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</em></p>
+See https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</em></p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
<a href="/philosophy/anonymous-response.html">Here is a response
letter</a> to an email message with a Word
attachment.</p>
-<hr />
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
Kevin Cole of the Gallaudet University in Washington,
@@ -274,10 +273,12 @@
attachment. (I think it is
better to send the responses by hand, and make it clear that you have
done so, because people will receive them better.)</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -295,13 +296,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -322,7 +323,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2007, 2019, 2020 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2008, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -332,10 +333,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/01/11 11:34:05 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/no-word-attachments.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/no-word-attachments.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.58
retrieving revision 1.59
diff -u -b -r1.58 -r1.59
--- po/no-word-attachments.es.po 21 Aug 2021 10:59:31 -0000 1.58
+++ po/no-word-attachments.es.po 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.59
@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@
msgid "We Can Put an End to Word Attachments"
msgstr "Entre todos podemos poner fin a los adjuntos en formato Word"
-# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "por Richard Stallman"
@@ -370,14 +369,6 @@
"versión de Word diferente. Incluso podrÃa ser que no lo pudiesen ver.</em>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | <em>Receiving Word documents is bad for you because they can carry viruses
-# | (see [-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_virus_(computing)).-]
-# | {+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macro_virus).+} Sending Word documents is
-# | bad for you because a Word document normally includes hidden information
-# | about the author, enabling those in the know to pry into the author's
-# | activities (maybe yours). Text that you think you deleted may still be
-# | embarrassingly present. See
-# | http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3154479.stm for more info.</em>
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"<em>Receiving Word documents is bad for you because they can carry viruses "
@@ -489,8 +480,6 @@
"em>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | <em>See http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html for
-# | more about this issue.</em>
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"<em>See https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html for more "
@@ -545,9 +534,6 @@
"les des tu apoyo.</em>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | John D. Ramsdell suggests people discourage the use of proprietary
-# | attachments by making a small statement in their [-<kbd>.signature</kbd>-]
-# | {+<code>.signature</code>+} file:
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"John D. Ramsdell suggests people discourage the use of proprietary "
@@ -566,7 +552,6 @@
"PowerPoint."
# type: Content of: <p>
-# | See http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</em>
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid "See https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</em>"
msgstr "Vea https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</em>"
@@ -642,10 +627,7 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# | Copyright © 2002, [-2007, 2019,-] {+2003, 2008,+} 2020, 2021 Richard
-# | [-M.-] Stallman
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-#| msgid "Copyright © 2002, 2007, 2019, 2020, 2021 Richard M. Stallman"
msgid "Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2008, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright © 2002, 2003, 2008, 2020, 2021 Richard Stallman"
Index: po/philosophy.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/philosophy.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.40
retrieving revision 1.41
diff -u -b -r1.40 -r1.41
--- po/philosophy.es-en.html 18 Aug 2021 16:31:54 -0000 1.40
+++ po/philosophy.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.41
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
<div class="right-column comment">
<hr class="no-display" />
<p class="announcement">
-See <a href="http://audio-video.gnu.org/";>audio-video.gnu.org</a>
+See <a href="//audio-video.gnu.org/">audio-video.gnu.org</a>
for recordings of Richard Stallman's speeches.</p>
<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/18 16:31:54 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/philosophy.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/philosophy.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.126
retrieving revision 1.127
diff -u -b -r1.126 -r1.127
Index: po/use-free-software.es-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/use-free-software.es-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.29
retrieving revision 1.30
diff -u -b -r1.29 -r1.30
--- po/use-free-software.es-en.html 24 Jul 2021 09:01:34 -0000 1.29
+++ po/use-free-software.es-en.html 21 Aug 2021 12:33:05 -0000 1.30
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
-<!--#set var="TAGS" value="upholding" -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding fsmovement" -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Free Software Community After 20 Years
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>Originally published on Newsforge.</p>
+<p>Originally published on NewsForge.</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/07/24 09:01:34 $
+$Date: 2021/08/21 12:33:05 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
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