[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
www/philosophy enforcing-gpl.fr.html essays-and...
|
From: |
GNUN |
|
Subject: |
www/philosophy enforcing-gpl.fr.html essays-and... |
|
Date: |
Thu, 19 Aug 2021 05:01:57 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/08/19 05:01:57
Modified files:
philosophy : enforcing-gpl.fr.html
essays-and-articles.fr.html
ph-breadcrumb.fr.html use-free-software.fr.html
philosophy/po : enforcing-gpl.fr-en.html
essays-and-articles.fr-en.html
latest-articles.ru.po
use-free-software.fr-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.61&r2=1.62
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/essays-and-articles.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.129&r2=1.130
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/use-free-software.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.68&r2=1.69
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/enforcing-gpl.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.33&r2=1.34
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.94&r2=1.95
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/latest-articles.ru.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.182&r2=1.183
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/use-free-software.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.37&r2=1.38
Patches:
Index: enforcing-gpl.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.61
retrieving revision 1.62
diff -u -b -r1.61 -r1.62
--- enforcing-gpl.fr.html 18 Jul 2021 12:31:43 -0000 1.61
+++ enforcing-gpl.fr.html 19 Aug 2021 09:01:55 -0000 1.62
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
-<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing copyleft" -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Faire respecter la GNU GPL</h2>
-<address class="byline">par <a href="http://moglen.law.columbia.edu/";>Eben
Moglen</a></address>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="http://moglen.law.columbia.edu/";>Eben
Moglen</a>Â <a
+href="#moglen"><sup>[*]</sup></a></address>
<p><em>10 septembre 2001</em></p>
@@ -212,13 +213,12 @@
différente est finalement la bonne façon de faire.</p>
</div>
-<div class="infobox" role="complementary">
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>
-Eben Moglen est professeur de droit et d'histoire juridique à la <i>Columbia
-University Law School</i> (faculté de droit de l'université Columbia). Il
-remplit bénévolement le poste d'avocat-conseil général de la Fondation pour
-le logiciel libre.
+<p id="moglen">[*] Eben Moglen est professeur de droit et d'histoire juridique
à la
+<i>Columbia University Law School</i> (faculté de droit de l'université
+Columbia). Il remplit bénévolement le poste d'avocat-conseil général de la
+Fondation pour le logiciel libre.
</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/07/18 12:31:43 $
+$Date: 2021/08/19 09:01:55 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: essays-and-articles.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/essays-and-articles.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.129
retrieving revision 1.130
diff -u -b -r1.129 -r1.130
--- essays-and-articles.fr.html 17 Jul 2021 19:31:20 -0000 1.129
+++ essays-and-articles.fr.html 19 Aug 2021 09:01:55 -0000 1.130
@@ -7,12 +7,24 @@
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Essais et articles - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+.toc { margin-bottom: 1em; }
+.toc ul { font-weight: normal; }
+.toc >
+ ul > li { list-style-type: none; font-weight: bold; }
+@media (min-width:55em) { .toc > ul > li { display: inline-block; width: 95%;
}}
+.reduced-width > h3 { margin-top: 1.5em; border-bottom: 2px solid #bbb; }
+ ul.no-bullet li { text-indent: -1.5em; }
+ .date-tag { font-size: .875em; position: relative; bottom: .05em; }
+-->
+</style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/philosophy-menu.fr.html" -->
<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Essais et articles</h2>
<div class="thin"></div>
@@ -21,46 +33,64 @@
mouvement du logiciel libre, qui est la motivation de notre développement du
système d'exploitation libre GNU.</p>
-<p>Il existe également une <a href="/philosophy/latest-articles.html">liste
des
-derniers articles</a>.</p>
-
-<p>
-
-<!-- please leave both these ID attributes here. ... -->
-<!-- ... we removed this as an H$ section as it was duplicating the -->
-<!-- same information on links.html, but it's possible that some users -->
-<!-- have the URLs bookmarked or on their pages. -len -->
-<a id="TOCFreedomOrganizations">Nous</a> <a
-id="FreedomOrganizations">répertorions</a> également les <a
-href="/links/links.html#FreedomOrganizations">organisations qui Åuvrent pour
-la liberté dans le développement informatique et les communications
-électroniques</a>.</p>
+<p>Les articles les plus importants de chaque catégorie sont marqués d'une
+astérisque et placés en premier. Les autres sont en ordre chronologique
+inverse.</p>
</div>
-<div class="summary" style="margin-top: 1.2em">
+<div class="toc">
<h3 class="no-display">Table des matières</h3>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="#aboutfs">Ã propos du logiciel libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="#aboutgnu">à propos du système d'exploitation GNU</a></li>
- <li><a href="#LicensingFreeSoftware">Licences de logiciel libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="#Laws">Droit et société</a>
+<ul class="columns">
+ <li><a href="#aboutfs">Ã propos du logiciel libre</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="#principles">Principes</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#practice">Pratique</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#extension">Extension à d'autres domaines</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#mix">Mélange du libre et du non libre</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#free-open">Logiciel libre et open source</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#upholding">Défense du logiciel libre</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">Le projet GNU</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#fsmovement">Le mouvement du logiciel libre</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#need">Nécessité du logiciel libre</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#action">Guide pour l'action</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#LicensingFreeSoftware">Licences de logiciel libre</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">Informations générales</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#copyleft">Copyleft</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#non-copyleft">Non-copyleft</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#traps">Pièges</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#Laws">Questions juridiques</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#patents">Brevets</a></li>
<li><a href="#copyright">Copyright</a></li>
- <li><a href="#drm">Gestion numérique des restrictions</a></li>
<li><a href="#noip">Le terme de propagande « propriété
intellectuelle »</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#sco">Réponse aux attaques de SCO</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#cultural">Enjeux culturels et sociétaux</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="#society">Société numérique</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#drm">Gestion numérique des restrictions</a></li>
<li><a href="#ns">Services en ligne</a></li>
- <li><a href="#cultural">Enjeux culturels et sociétaux</a></li>
- </ul></li>
+ <li><a href="#access">Accès à la culture</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#funding">Financement des Åuvres culturelles</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#evils">Surveillance, censure, verrouillage, etc.</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html">Maliciels du logiciel
privateur</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
<li><a href="#terminology">Terminologie et définitions</a></li>
- <li><a href="#upholding">Maintenir la liberté des logiciels</a></li>
- <li><a href="#misc">Divers</a></li>
- <li><a href="#humor">Humour philosophique</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Humour philosophique</a></li>
</ul>
<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
-<div style="width: 47em; max-width: 100%">
<h3 id="aboutfs">Ã propos du logiciel libre</h3>
<p>
Le logiciel libre est une question de liberté : chacun doit être libre
@@ -71,570 +101,1334 @@
l'être ; nous croyons que les utilisateurs de logiciels devraient pouvoir en
faire usage.</p>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">Qu'est-ce qu'un logiciel libreÂ
?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/why-free.html">Pourquoi les logiciels ne doivent pas
-avoir de propriétaire</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">Pourquoi le logiciel doit être
-libre</a> : un essai plus ancien et plus long sur le même sujet que le
-précédent.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Pourquoi le logiciel libre a besoin
-d'une documentation libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/when-free-depends-on-nonfree.html">Quand le logiciel
-libre dépend du logiciel non libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/selling.html">Vendre des logiciels libres</a>, ce
n'est
-pas un problème !</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Catégories de logiciels libres et
non
-libres</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/floss-and-foss.html">FLOSS et FOSS</a></li>
- <li><a href="/software/reliability.html">Le logiciel libre est plus
fiable</a>Â !</li>
- <li><a
+<h4 id="principles">Principes</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[1996… ]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">Qu'est-ce que le logiciel libre ?</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2015]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">Le logiciel
+libre est encore plus essentiel maintenant</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/selling.html">Vendre des logiciels libres</a> â Ce
+n'est pas un problème !</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2012]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-run.html">Pourquoi
+la liberté d'exécuter un programme doit être totale</a>, par RMS â La
+liberté 0 ne doit pas avoir de limites.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2007]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/your-freedom-needs-free-software.html">Votre liberté a
+besoin du logiciel libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1994]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/why-free.html">Pourquoi les logiciels ne doivent pas
+avoir de propriétaire</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1991]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">Pourquoi le logiciel doit être
+libre</a> par RMS â Un essai plus ancien et plus long sur le même sujet que
+le précédent.</li>
+</ul>
+
+<h4 id="practice">Pratique</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[1999-2011]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
href="/philosophy/when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.html">Quand
-le logiciel libre n'est pas supérieur, en pratique</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">En quoi l'open
-source perd de vue l'éthique du logiciel libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-open-overlap.html">Relation entre les
catégories
-logicielles « libre » et « open source »</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/linux-gnu-freedom.html">Linux, GNU et
liberté</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gnutella.html" id="Gnutella">Ã propos de
Gnutella</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/schools.html">Pourquoi les écoles doivent utiliser
-exclusivement du logiciel libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/my_doom.html">MyDoom et vous</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/15-years-of-free-software.html">15Â ans de logiciel
-libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-intro.html">Le mouvement du logiciel
-libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/your-freedom-needs-free-software.html">Votre
liberté a
-besoin du logiciel libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">Raisons d'écrire des logiciels
-libres</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">Mesures à la
portée des
-gouvernements pour promouvoir le logiciel libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/uruguay.html">Enseignement tiré de l'Uruguay</a>.
La
-FSF tire les leçons d'une proposition de loi présentée en Uruguay.</li>
- <li><a
href="/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-run.html">Pourquoi
-la liberté d'exécuter un programme doit être totale</a> â la liberté 0
ne
-doit pas avoir de limites.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/imperfection-isnt-oppression.html">Imperfection ne
veut
-pas dire oppression</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html">Mettre en
application
+le logiciel libre n'est pas supérieur, en pratique</a>, par Benjamin Mako
+Hill</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2015]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html">Mettre en application
les critères du logiciel libre</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2014]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/imperfection-isnt-oppression.html">Imperfection ne veut
+pas dire oppression</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2011]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html">Android et la liberté
+des utilisateurs</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1997-2011]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/software/reliability.html">Le logiciel libre est plus fiable</a>Â
!</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="aboutgnu">à propos du système d'exploitation GNU</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Annonce initiale du projet
GNU</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/manifesto.html">Le manifeste GNU</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/gnu-history.html">Brève histoire du projet GNU</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">Le projet GNU</a>Â : une description
plus
-longue et plus complète du projet et de son histoire.</li>
- <li><a href="/fsf/fsf.html">Site officiel de la <i>Free Software
Foundation</i>
-(Fondation pour le logiciel libre)</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Pourquoi GNU/Linux ?</a></li>
+<h4 id="extension">Extension à d'autres domaines</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Pourquoi le logiciel libre a besoin
+d'une documentation libre</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2020]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/free-software-rocket.html">Le logiciel des fusées
+doit-il être entièrement libre ? Logiciel libre et matériel</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2015]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html">Matériel libre et plans
+libres pour le matériel</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2015]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html">Ã quelles conditions votre
+ordinateur vous est-il loyal ?</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2012]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/network-services-arent-free-or-nonfree.html">Les
+services en ligne ne sont ni libres ni privateurs ; ils posent d'autres
+problèmes</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2000]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/gnutella.html" id="Gnutella">Ã propos de
Gnutella</a></li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="LicensingFreeSoftware">Licences de logiciel libre</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">Informations générales sur les
licences et
-le copyleft</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/license-list.html">Une liste de licences libres et non
-libres avec commentaires</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/gpl-faq.html">Foire aux questions sur les licences
-GNU</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html">Pourquoi vous ne devriez pas
utiliser
-la <i>Lesser GPL</i> pour votre prochaine bibliothèque</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/copyleft.html">Qu'est-ce que le copyleft ?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/why-copyleft.html">Pourquoi le copyleft ?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/university.html">Publier des logiciels libres si
vous
-travaillez à l'université</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">Copyleft : idéalisme
pragmatique</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/javascript-trap.html">Le piège JavaScript</a> :
il se
-peut que vous exécutiez des programmes non libres sur votre ordinateur tous
-les jours sans le savoir… par l'intermédiaire de votre navigateur
-web.</li>
- <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/blogs/licensing/20050211.html";><i> Censorship
-envy and licensing</i></a> (Tentation de censure et licence)</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/x.html">Le piège X Window System</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/apsl.html">Opinion de la FSF sur l'<i>Apple Public
-Source License</i> (APSL)Â 2.0</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/bsd.html">Le problème de la licence BSD</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl.html">La <i>Netscape Public License</i>
-(licence publique de Netscape) a de gros problèmes</a>. Une <a
-href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html">version plus ancienne</a> de cet
-article est également disponible.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/udi.html">Le mouvement du logiciel libre et le
projet
-UDI</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gates.html">Ce ne sont pas des barrières mais une
-prison</a>, un article de Richard Stallman publié dans <cite>BBC News</cite>
-en 2008.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft.html">Microsoft est-il le Grand SatanÂ
?</a>
-(Une <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-old.html">version plus ancienne</a> de
-cet article est également disponible.)</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-antitrust.html">Le procès antitrust
contre
-Microsoft, propositions de la FSF</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html">Ã propos du verdict
-Microsoft</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-new-monopoly.html">Le nouveau monopole de
-Microsoft</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/lest-codeplex-perplex.html">Ne soyons pas
déroutés par
-CodePlex</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/plan-nine.html" id="PlanNineLicense">Les problèmes
de
-la (précédente) licence de Plan 9</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/motif.html" id="MotifLicense">La licence
Motif</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html" id="UsingGFDL">Utiliser la GNU FDL
-(GFDL)</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-way.html" id="GPLAmericanWay">La GNU
GPL
-et l'<i>American Way</i></a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-dream.html" id="GPLAmericanDream">La
GNU
-GPL comme incarnation du rêve américain</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.html" id="EnforcingGPL">Faire
respecter
-la GNU GPL</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">Ã propos de la vente
-d'exceptions à la GNU GPL</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-power.html" id="FreedomOrPower">Liberté
ou
-pouvoir ?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html"
-id="NoWordAttachments">Finissons-en avec les pièces jointes Word</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/java-trap.html" id="JavaTrap">Libre mais entravé -
le
-piège Java</a> (bien que Sun ait <a
-href="http://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html";>republié sa
-plateforme Java sous la licence publique générale GNU</a>, le problème
-décrit dans cet article demeure important).</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.html">Une version de la <i>RTLinux
Open
-Patent License</i> compatible avec la GPL</a></li>
+<h4 id="mix">Mélange du libre et du non libre</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2016]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/when-free-depends-on-nonfree.html">Quand le logiciel
+libre dépend du logiciel non libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2013]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/is-ever-good-use-nonfree-program.html">Arrive-t-il
+parfois qu'utiliser un logiciel non libre soit une bonne chose ?</a> parÂ
RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/mcvoy.html">Merci, Larry McVoy</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1998]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/udi.html">Le mouvement du logiciel libre et le projet
+UDI</a>, par RMS</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="Laws">Droit et société</h3>
+<h4 id="free-open">Logiciel libre et open source</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2007-2021]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">En quoi l'open
+source perd de vue l'éthique du logiciel libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2015]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/free-open-overlap.html">Relation entre les catégories
+logicielles « libre » et « open source »</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2013]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/floss-and-foss.html">FLOSS et FOSS</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2002]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/linux-gnu-freedom.html">Linux, GNU et liberté</a>,
+par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html">Lettre de RMS au rédacteur en chef
+du <cite>Dr. Dobb's Journal</cite></a> à propos de la différence entre les
+mouvements du logiciel libre et de l'open source.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1998]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">Pourquoi l'expression
+« logiciel libre » est meilleure qu'« open source »</a> (remplacé par
<a
+href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">En quoi l'open source
+perd de vue l'éthique du logiciel libre</a>)</li>
+</ul>
-<h4 id="patents">Brevets</h4>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/limit-patent-effect.html">Protéger le secteur du
-logiciel des brevets</a></li>
+<h3 id="upholding">Défense du logiciel libre</h3>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/w3c-patent.html">Position de la FSF sur la
politique de
-brevets « libres de droits » <i>[Royalty-Free]</i> du W3 Consortium</a>,
-réécrite.</li>
+<h4>Le Projet GNU</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">The système d'exploitation GNU</a> â Histoire,
+relation avec Linux, etc.</li>
+</ul>
- <li>Aider à défendre le <a href="/philosophy/protecting.html">droit
d'écrire des
-logiciels</a> (libres ou non).</li>
+<h4 id="fsmovement">Le mouvement du logiciel libre</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><a href="https://www.fsf.org/";>Site officiel de la <i>Free Software
+Foundation</i> (Fondation pour le logiciel libre)</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2004]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/use-free-software.html">La communauté du logiciel libre
+20 ans après</a>, par RMS â Un grand succès, mais un succès incompletÂ
; et
+maintenant ?</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/15-years-of-free-software.html">15Â ans de logiciel
+libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/free-software-intro.html">Le mouvement du logiciel
+libre</a></li>
+</ul>
- <li>Dans <a
-href="https://www.eff.org/press/releases/princeton-scientists-sue-over-squelched-research";><cite>FeltenÂ
v. RIAA</cite></a> :
-des scientifiques demandent à un tribunal de juger que la loi dite
-<i>Digital Millennium Copyright Act</i> (DMCA) ne les empêche pas de publier
-leur recherche.</li>
+<h4 id="need">La nécessité du logiciel libre</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2011-2017]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">Mesures à la portée des
+gouvernements pour promouvoir le logiciel libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2009-2014]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/schools.html">Pourquoi les écoles doivent utiliser
+exclusivement du logiciel libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2014]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/technological-neutrality.html">Neutralité technologique
+et logiciel libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2013]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/uruguay.html">Enseignement tiré de l'Uruguay</a> â La
+FSF tire les leçons d'une proposition de loi présentée en Uruguay.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/second-sight.html">Logiciel libre et
+(e-)administration</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/fs-and-sustainable-development.html"><i>Free Software
+and Sustainable Development</i></a> (Logiciel libre et développement
+durable), par RMS â Un court article concernant l'utilisation de logiciels
+privateurs (propriétaires) dans le développement culturel.</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="https://www.eff.org/search/site/dvd cases/"><cite>EFF
-“Intellectual Property”: MPAA (Motion Picture Association of
-America) DVD Cases Archive</cite></a> (Dossier de l'EFF sur la « propriété
-intellectuelle » : archives des procès de la <abbr title="Motion Picture
-Association of America">MPAA</abbr> Ã propos de DVD)</li>
+<h4 id="action">Guide pour l'action</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2020]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">Dire non à l'informatique
+injuste, même une seule fois, est une aide</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2009]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">Raisons d'écrire des logiciels
+libres</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2002-2020]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html"
+id="NoWordAttachments">Finissons-en avec les pièces jointes Word</a>,
+par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2019]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/install-fest-devil.html">Install parties : comment
+réagir au pacte avec le diable</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2019]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/upgrade-windows.html">Comment bien mettre à niveau une
+installation de Windows ?</a> par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2018]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/kind-communication.html">Charte de GNU pour une
+communication bienveillante</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2017]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/hackathons.html">Pourquoi les hackathons doivent exiger
+du logiciel libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2014]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/contradictory-support.html">Attention au « soutien »
+contredit par les faits</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2012]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/devils-advocate.html">En quoi jouer l'avocat du diable
+n'aide pas à la manifestation de la vérité</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2010]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/practical.html">Les avantages du logiciel libre</a>,
+par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2009]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/pirate-party.html">Pourquoi les propositions du Parti
+Pirate suédois se retournent contre le logiciel libre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2009]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/lest-codeplex-perplex.html">Ne soyons pas déroutés par
+CodePlex</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2008]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/ucita.html">Pourquoi nous devons contrer UCITA</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2008]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/compromise.html">Ãviter les compromis ruineux</a>,
+par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2007]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/social-inertia.html">Vaincre l'inertie sociale</a>,
+par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2004]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/my_doom.html">MyDoom et vous</a>, par RMS</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html">Une réforme des
-brevets n'est pas suffisante</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/savingeurope.html">Sauver l'Europe des brevets
-logiciels</a></li>
+<h3 id="LicensingFreeSoftware">Licences de logiciel libre</h3>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/europes-unitary-patent.html">Le « brevet
unitaire »
-européen pourrait engendrer des brevets logiciels sans limites</a></li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">Informations générales sur les
licences et
+le copyleft</a></li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">Boycottez Amazon !
(autrefois)</a></li>
+<h4 id="copyleft">Copyleft</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2003]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/why-copyleft.html">Pourquoi le copyleft ?</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[1998]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">Copyleft : idéalisme
pragmatique</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2009-2017]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">Ã propos de la vente
+d'exceptions à la GNU GPL</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/licensing/20050211.html";><i>Censorship
+envy and licensing</i></a> (Tentation de censure et licence), par David
+« Novalis » Turner, sur <i>fsf.org</i></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2004]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
+href="https://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/archive/downloads/research/gpl/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf";>Traduction
+en anglais de la fameuse décision du tribunal de grande instance de
+Munich</a> concernant l'applicabilité et la validité de la GPL, par les
+traducteurs de l'<i>Oxford Internet Institute</i>, sur
<i>oii.ox.ac.uk</i>.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2002]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/university.html">Publier des logiciels libres si vous
+travaillez à l'université</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-way.html" id="GPLAmericanWay">La GNU GPL
+et l'<i>American Way</i></a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-dream.html" id="GPLAmericanDream">La GNU
+GPL comme incarnation du rêve américain</a>, par Bradley M. Kuhn</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-power.html" id="FreedomOrPower">Liberté ou
+pouvoir ?</a> par Bradley M. Kuhn et RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.html">Une version de la <i>RTLinux Open
+Patent License</i> compatible avec la GPL</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.html" id="EnforcingGPL">Faire respecter
+la GNU GPL</a>, par Eben Moglen</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html" id="UsingGFDL">Utiliser la GNU FDL
+(GFDL)</a>, par RMS</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/amazon-nat.html">Le boycott d'Amazon a réussiÂ
!</a>Â :
-une lettre de Nat Friedman à Richard Stallman.</li>
+<h4 id="non-copyleft">Non copyleft</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2003]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/apsl.html">Opinion de la FSF sur l'<i>Apple Public
+Source License</i> (APSL)Â 2.0</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2000]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/plan-nine.html" id="PlanNineLicense">Les problèmes de
+la (précédente) licence de Plan 9</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1998]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl.html">La <i>Netscape Public License</i>
+(licence publique de Netscape) a de gros problèmes</a>, par RMS [<a
+href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html">version plus ancienne</a>]</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1998]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/netscape.html">Netscape et le logiciel libre</a> â Un
+article assez ancien qui clarifie quelques malentendus sur une annonce faite
+par Netscape.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1997]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/motif.html" id="MotifLicense">La licence Motif</a>,
+par RMS</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.html">Lettre de RMS Ã Tim
O'Reilly</a>
-concernant une déclaration de Jeff Bezos, PDG d'Amazon, sur la durée des
-brevets logiciels.</li>
+<h4 id="traps">Pièges</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2009-2019]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/javascript-trap.html">Le piège JavaScript</a> (par RMS)
+â Il se peut que vous exécutiez des programmes non libres sur votre
+ordinateur tous les jours sans le savoir… par l'intermédiaire de
+votre navigateur web.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2004-2015]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/java-trap.html" id="JavaTrap">Libre mais entravé - le
+piège Java</a>, par RMS â Bien que Sun ait <a
+href="https://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html";>republié sa
+plateforme Java sous la licence publique générale GNU</a>, le problème
+décrit dans cet article demeure important.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1998-2009]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/x.html">Le piège X Window System</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2006]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/sun-in-night-time.html">Le curieux non-événement de Sun
+dans la pénombre</a>, par RMS</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/amazonpatent.html">Brevet d'Amazon sur un système
-d'achat sur Internet</a>, avec des notes de Richard Stallman.</li>
- <li><a
-href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000815064858/http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf";
-id="SequentialIPandI"><cite>Sequential Innovation, Patents, and
-Imitation</cite></a> (Innovation séquentielle, brevets et imitation) : ce
-mémoire présente un modèle mathématique montrant comment les brevets
peuvent
-freiner le progrès dans des domaines comme celui du logiciel.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/hague.html">Le danger de La Haye</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/guardian-article.html">Contre la directive
européenne
-sur les brevets logiciels</a> : version légèrement modifiée d'un article
-publié à l'origine dans <a
-href="http://www.theguardian.com/international";><cite>The
-Guardian</cite></a>, de Londres, par Richard Stallman et Nick Hill.</li>
+<h3 id="Laws">Questions juridiques</h3>
- <li><a
+<h4 id="patents">Brevets</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2012]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/limit-patent-effect.html">Protéger le secteur du
+logiciel des brevets</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2011]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/europes-unitary-patent.html">Le « brevet unitaire »
+européen pourrait engendrer des brevets logiciels sans limites</a>, parÂ
RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2000-2007]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="https://www.eff.org/search/site/dvd cases/"><cite>EFF
+“Intellectual Property”: MPAA (Motion Picture Association of
+America) DVD Cases Archive</cite></a> (Dossier de l'EFF sur la « propriété
+intellectuelle » : archives des procès de la <abbr title="Motion Picture
+Association of America">MPAA</abbr> Ã propos de DVD)</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2006]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/trivial-patent.html">L'anatomie d'un brevet
+trivial</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-new-monopoly.html">Le nouveau monopole de
+Microsoft</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/aug/02/comment.business";><i>Soft
-sell</i></a> : les commentaires de Richard Stallman concernant la défaite de
-la directive européenne sur les brevets logiciels, publiés dans <cite>The
-Guardian</cite> en 2005.</li>
-
- <li><a
-href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/jun/23/onlinesupplement.insideit";><i>Patent
-absurdity</i></a> (L'absurdité des brevets), un article de
-Richard M. Stallman publié dans <cite>The Guardian</cite> en 2005.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.html">Bill Gates et
-autres communistes</a>, un article de Richard Stallman publié sur <cite>CNET
-News.com</cite> en 2005.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/trivial-patent.html">L'anatomie d'un brevet
-trivial</a>, par Richard M. Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html"
-id="FightingSoftwarePatents">Combattre les brevets logiciels,
-individuellement et collectivement</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/software-patents.html">Les brevets logiciels,
obstacles
-au développement logiciel</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.html"
+sell</i></a>, par RMS, sur <i>theguardian.com</i> â à propos de la défaite
+de la directive européenne sur les brevets logiciels.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.html">Bill Gates et
+autres communistes</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.html"
id="SoftwareLiteraryPatents">Brevets logiciels et brevets littéraires</a>,
-par Richard M. Stallman. S'agissant de brevets sur les techniques
-artistiques, le brevet américain n° 6 935 954 couvre la conception de
-personnages de jeu qui commencent à halluciner quand (d'après le jeu) on les
-rend fous, ce qui est très proche des exemples hypothétiques donnés dans cet
-article.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gif.html">Pourquoi il n'y a pas de fichiers GIF sur
le
-site de GNU</a>. On a là une illustration historique du danger des brevets
+par RMS â S'agissant de brevets sur les techniques artistiques, le brevet
+américain n° 6 935 954 couvre la conception de personnages de jeu qui
+commencent à halluciner quand (d'après le jeu) on les rend fous, ce qui est
+très proche des exemples hypothétiques donnés dans cet article.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2004]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html"
+id="FightingSoftwarePatents">Combattre les brevets logiciels,
+individuellement et collectivement</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2005]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
+href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/jun/23/onlinesupplement.insideit";><i>Patent
+absurdity</i></a> (L'absurdité des brevets), par RMS, sur
+<i>theguardian.com</i></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2003]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/w3c-patent.html">Position de la FSF sur la politique de
+brevets « libres de droits » <i>[Royalty-Free]</i> du W3 Consortium</a>,
+réécrite.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2003]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/savingeurope.html">Sauver l'Europe des brevets
+logiciels</a>, par RMS et Nick Hill</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+Dans <a
+href="https://www.eff.org/press/releases/princeton-scientists-sue-over-squelched-research";>Princeton
+Scientists Sue Over Squelched Research</a> (Des scientifiques de Princeton
+intentent un procès pour étouffement de la recherche) â Dans l'affaire
+<cite>Felten v. RIAA</cite>, des scientifiques demandent à un tribunal de
+juger que la loi dite <i>Digital Millennium Copyright Act</i> (DMCA) ne les
+empêche pas de publier leur recherche.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/hague.html">Le danger de La Haye</a> par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2000]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000815064858/http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf";
+id="SequentialIPandI"><cite>Sequential Innovation, Patents, and
+Imitation</cite></a> (Innovation séquentielle, brevets et imitation), par
+James Bessen et Eric Maskin, sur <i>researchoninnovation.org</i> (archivé) â
+Ce mémoire présente un modèle mathématique montrant comment les brevets
+peuvent freiner le progrès dans des domaines comme celui du logiciel.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.html">Lettre de RMS Ã Tim O'Reilly</a>
+concernant une déclaration de Jeff Bezos, PDG d'Amazon, sur la durée des
+brevets logiciels.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/amazon-nat.html">Le boycott d'Amazon a
+réussi !</a> (une lettre de Nat Friedman à Richard Stallman)</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">Boycottez Amazon ! (autrefois)</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/amazonpatent.html">Method and system for placing a
+purchase order via a communications network</a> (Méthode et système pour
+commander des biens sur un réseau de communication) â Brevet d'Amazon avec
+des notes de RMS.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1997]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/gif.html">Pourquoi il n'y a pas de fichiers GIF sur le
+site de GNU</a> â On a là une illustration historique du danger des brevets
logiciels. Ces brevets particuliers ne sont toutefois plus un problème. Vous
trouverez plus de détails sur notre <a
href="/server/fsf-html-style-sheet.html#UseofGraphics">politique en matière
de fichiers GIF</a> dans le <a href="/server/standards/">guide destiné aux
webmestres</a>.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/savingeurope.html">Sauver l'Europe des brevets
+logiciels</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/protecting.html">Aider à défendre le droit d'écrire des
+logiciels, libres ou non</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html">Une réforme des
+brevets n'est pas suffisante</a></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="copyright">Copyright</h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/assigning-copyright.html">Quand une entreprise vous
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2002]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.html">Mauvaise interprétation
+du copyright</a>, par RMS â Sur les erreurs des argumentaires habituels
+défendant la loi sur le copyright.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html">Dans une réévaluation du
+copyright, on doit donner la priorité au public</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2014]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/assigning-copyright.html">Quand une entreprise vous
demande de lui céder vos droits</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/public-domain-manifesto.html">Pourquoi je ne
signerai
-pas le manifeste pour le domaine public</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/pirate-party.html">Pourquoi les propositions du
Parti
-Pirate suédois se retournent contre le logiciel libre</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.html">Mauvaise
interprétation
-du copyright</a> est un autre essai de Richard Stallman sur les erreurs des
-argumentaires habituels défendant la loi sur le copyright.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/eldred-amicus.html">Mémoire d'<i> amicus
curiae</i> de
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2010]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/public-domain-manifesto.html">Pourquoi je ne signerai
+pas le manifeste pour le domaine public</a> (par RMS)</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2008]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">La liberté ou le
+copyright ?</a> par RMS [<a
+href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">version plus
ancienne</a>]</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2002]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/eldred-amicus.html">Mémoire d'<i> amicus curiae</i> de
la FSF dans l'affaire <cite>Eldred v. Ashcroft</cite> de la Cour suprême des
-Ãtats-Unis</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html">La science doit mettre le
-droit d'auteur de côté</a> : un autre article de <a
-href="http://www.stallman.org";>Richard Stallman</a> paru dans <a
+Ãtats-Unis</a>, par Eben Moglen</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html">La science doit mettre le
+droit d'auteur de côté</a>, par RMS, publié à l'origine dans <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050729110347/http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/stallman.html";><cite>Nature
-Webdebates</cite></a> en 2001, qui explique comment le copyright freine le
-progrès dans la recherche scientifique. Vous pourriez aussi être intéressé
-par la <i><a href="https://www.plos.org/";>Public Library of Science</a></i>
-(Bibliothèque scientifique publique), dont la mission est de mettre les
-recherches scientifiques à la disposition de tous, librement.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html">Dans une
réévaluation du
-copyright, on doit donner la priorité au public</a></li>
-
- <li><a
-href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/cyber/complaint_orig.html";>Eldred
-contre Reno</a> traite d'un procès visant à annuler une loi qui ajoute
-20 ans à la durée du copyright.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">La liberté ou le
-copyright ?</a> par Richard Stallman (une <a
-href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">version plus ancienne</a>
-de cet essai reste également en ligne).</li>
-
- <li><a
-href="https://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/archive/downloads/research/gpl/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf";>Traduction
-en anglais de la fameuse décision du tribunal de grande instance de
-Munich</a> concernant l'applicabilité et la validité de la GPL. La
-traduction a été faite par l'<i>Oxford Internet Institute</i>.</li>
-
-<!-- This link is broken
+WebDebates</cite></a> en 2001 â Cet article explique comment le copyright
+freine le progrès dans la recherche scientifique. Vous pourriez aussi être
+intéressé par la <i><a href="https://www.plos.org/";>Public Library of
+Science</a></i> (Bibliothèque scientifique publique), dont la mission est de
+mettre les recherches scientifiques à la disposition de tous, librement.</li>
<li>
-<a href="http://www.humaninfo.org/copyrigh.htm";>Examples of
- Excellent Copyright Policies</a></li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2001]</span>'
-->
-</ul>
-
-<h4 id="drm">Gestion numérique des restrictions</h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.html">Erratum sur une loi
-française</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/the-root-of-this-problem.html">Le problème est le
-logiciel contrôlé par son développeur</a>, par Richard M. Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/computing-progress.html">Le « progrès »
informatique :
-du bon et du mauvais</a>, par Richard M. Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html">S'opposer à la mégestion
numérique
-des droits</a>, par Richard M. Stallman, répond à quelques questions
-fréquentes sur les DRM.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">Livres électroniques : liberté ou
-copyright</a> : une version légèrement modifiée d'un article publié
-initialement en 2000 dans <cite>Technology Review</cite>, par
-Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">Les e-books
doivent
-nous rendre plus libres, pas moins</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">Pouvez-vous faire confiance Ã
votre
-ordinateur ?</a> : un texte de Richard Stallman sur les initiatives de la
-soi-disant « informatique de confiance ».</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">Le droit de lire : une courte
-histoire dystopique</a>, par Richard Stallman.</li>
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
+href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030604075825/http://www.humaninfo.org/copyrigh.htm";>Examples
+of Excellent Copyright Policies</a> (Exemples de bonnes pratiques en matière
+de copyright), sur <i>humaninfo.org</i> (archivé).</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
+href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/cyber/complaint_orig.html";>Plainte
+initiale dans l'affaire Eldred contre Reno</a>, <i>sur hardvard.edu</i> â Ce
+procès visait à annuler une loi qui rallonge la durée du copyright de
+20Â ans.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="noip">Le terme de propagande « <a
href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">propriété
intellectuelle</a> »</h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">L'histoire étrange du
Komongistan (ou
-comment faire voler en éclats l'expression « propriété intellectuelleÂ
»)</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/no-ip-ethos.html">Ne laissez pas la « propriété
-intellectuelle » déformer votre ethos</a>, par Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li>Commentaires de Richard Stallman sur <a
href="/philosophy/ipjustice.html">le
-rejet par la <abbr title="coalition internationale des libertés
-civiles">CILC</abbr> de la directive relative au respect des droits de
-propriété intellectuelle</a></li>
-
- <li>Richard Stallman a écrit <a href="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.html">une
-critique sur « Le procès contre la propriété intellectuelle » de
Boldrin et
-Levine</a>.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">Vous avez dit « propriété
-intellectuelle » ? Un séduisant mirage</a> : un essai sur la vraie
-signification du terme « propriété intellectuelle », par
-Richard M. Stallman.</li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2004]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">Vous avez dit « propriété
+intellectuelle » ? Un séduisant mirage</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2015]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">L'histoire étrange du Komongistan (ou
+comment faire voler en éclats l'expression « propriété
+intellectuelle »)</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2006]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/no-ip-ethos.html">Ne laissez pas la « propriété
+intellectuelle » déformer votre ethos</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2004]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">Vous avez dit « propriété
+intellectuelle » ? Un séduisant mirage</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2003]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/ipjustice.html">Rejetez la directive relative au
+respect des droits de propriété intellectuelle</a> Commentaires sur le rejet
+de cette directive par la Coalition internationale des libertés civiles.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2003]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.html"> Critique : Boldrin et Levine, «
+Le procès contre la propriété intellectuelle »</a>, par RMS</li>
</ul>
-<h4 id="ns">Services en ligne</h4>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/network-services-arent-free-or-nonfree.html">Les
-services en ligne ne sont ni libres ni privateurs ; ils posent d'autres
-problèmes</a>, un article de Richard Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">Qui ce
serveur
-sert-il réellement ?</a> par Richard Stallman, publié dans la <a
-href="http://www.bostonreview.net/richard-stallman-free-software-DRM";><cite>Boston
-Review</cite></a>.</li>
+<h4 id="sco">Réponse aux attaques de SCO</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2003-2004]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">Position de la FSF concernant les
+attaques de SCO contre le logiciel libre</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2003]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html">SCO, GNU et Linux</a>, par RMS
+â Comment les poursuites judiciaires de SCO contre IBM sont reliées au
+travail du projet GNU.</li>
</ul>
-<h4 id="cultural">Enjeux culturels et sociétaux</h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/stallmans-law.html">Loi de Stallman</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/phone-anonymous-payment.html">Anonymous Payment by
-Phone</a> (Paiement anonyme au moyen du téléphone)</li>
-
- <li><i><a
-href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance";>A
-radical proposal to keep your personal data safe</a></i> (une proposition
-radicale pour assurer la sécurité de vos données personnelles), par Richard
-Stallman</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/surveillance-testimony.html">Surveillance
Testimony</a>
-(Témoignage sur la surveillance)</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/devils-advocate.html">En quoi jouer l'avocat du
diable
-n'aide pas à la manifestation de la vérité</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/hackathons.html">Pourquoi les hackathons doivent
exiger
-du logiciel libre</a>, par Richard Stallman</li>
+<h3 id="cultural">Enjeux culturels et sociétaux</h3>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/technological-neutrality.html">Neutralité
technologique
-et logiciel libre</a>, par Richard Stallman</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">Quel niveau de
-surveillance la démocratie peut-elle endurer ?</a>, par Richard Stallman</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/nonfree-games.html">Des jeux avec DRM sur
GNU/Linux :
-bon ou mauvais ?</a> par Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li> <a
-href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/apr/06/digital-economy-bill-richard-stallman";><i>Digital
-economy bill: One clown giveth and the other clown taketh away</i></a>
-(Proposition de loi sur l'économie numérique : un clown donne et un autre
-clown reprend), par Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.html">L'inclusion dans
le
+<h4 id="society">Société numérique</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2012]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/stallmans-law.html">Loi de Stallman</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2009]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.html">L'inclusion dans le
monde numérique est-elle une bonne chose ? Comment faire en sorte qu'elle le
-soit ?</a> par Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/wsis.html">Sommet mondial sur la société de
-l'information</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/wassenaar.html">On recherche des bénévoles de la
-cryptographie logicielle dans des pays sans contrôle des exportations</a></li>
-
- <li>Comment protéger les <a href="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html">libertés
-d'expression, de la presse et d'association</a> sur Internet.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/privacyaction.html">Protégeons l'anonymat
postal</a>Â :
-une campagne d'opposition à une proposition de règlement du Service postal
-des Ãtats-Unis visant à collecter des informations privées sur sesÂ
clients.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ucita.html">Pourquoi nous devons contrer
UCITA</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/second-sight.html">Logiciel libre et
-(e-)administration</a>, un article du journal <cite>The Guardian</cite>, par
-Richard M. Stallman, initialement publié sous le titre <i>Second Sight</i>
-(Clairvoyance).</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-and-sustainable-development.html"><i>Free
Software
-and Sustainable Development</i></a> (Logiciel libre et développement
-durable) : un court article de Richard Stallman concernant l'utilisation de
-logiciels privateurs (propriétaires) dans le développement culturel.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/keep-control-of-your-computing.html">Gardez le
contrôle
-de votre informatique, afin qu'elle ne vous contrôle pas !</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/judge-internet-usage.html">Un utilisateur averti
évalue
-soigneusement les différents usages d'Internet</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html">Le danger des livres
-électroniques</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/is-ever-good-use-nonfree-program.html">Arrive-t-il
-parfois qu'utiliser un logiciel non libre soit une bonne chose ?</a> par
-Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/contradictory-support.html">Attention au «Â
soutien »
-contredit par les faits</a></li>
+soit ?</a> par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2007]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/computing-progress.html">Le « progrès »
informatique :
+du bon et du mauvais</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2003]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/wsis.html">Sommet mondial sur la société de
+l'information</a>, par RMS</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="terminology">Terminologie et définitions</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html">Matériel libre et plans
-libres pour le matériel</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Termes prêtant Ã
confusion</a>
-qu'il vaut mieux éviter.</li>
- <li><a
-href="/philosophy/wipo-PublicAwarenessOfCopyright-2002.html">Sensibilisation
-du public au droit d'auteur, OMPI, juin 2002</a>, où l'OMPI reconnaît que
-son système est conçu pour imposer des restrictions au public, et propose de
-modifier la terminologie pour que les gens ne s'en rendent pas compte.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">En quoi l'open
-source perd de vue l'éthique du logiciel libre</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">Pourquoi
l'expression
-« logiciel libre » est meilleure qu'« open source »</a> : un essai
plus
-ancien sur le même sujet que le précédent.</li>
- <li>Richard Stallman a écrit une <a
-href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html">lettre au rédacteur en chef</a> du
-<cite>Dr. Dobb's Journal</cite> de juin 2001 qui explique encore mieux la
-différence entre les mouvements du logiciel libre et de l'open source.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Catégories de logiciels libres et
non
-libres</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html">Ã quelles conditions votre
-ordinateur vous est-il loyal ?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">Traductions du terme <i>free
-software</i></a> en diverses langues.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Pourquoi l'appeler le
-Swindle (l'arnaque)</a></li>
+<h4 id="drm">Gestion numérique des restrictions</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2006]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html">S'opposer à la mégestion numérique
+des droits</a> par RMS â Réponses à quelques questions fréquentes sur
+les DRM.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2002]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">Pouvez-vous faire confiance à votre
+ordinateur ?</a> par RMS â Sur les initiatives de la soi-disant
+« informatique de confiance ».</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2013]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/nonfree-games.html">Des jeux avec DRM sur GNU/Linux :
+bon ou mauvais ?</a> par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2012]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.html">Erratum sur une loi
+française</a> par RMS</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="upholding">Défendre la liberté des logiciels</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">Dire non à l'informatique
-injuste, même une seule fois, est une aide</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/install-fest-devil.html">Install parties : comment
-réagir au pacte avec le diable</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/upgrade-windows.html">Comment bien mettre à niveau
une
-installation de Windows ?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/use-free-software.html">La communauté du logiciel
libre
-20 ans après</a> : un grand succès, mais un succès incomplet ; et
-maintenant ?</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/mcvoy.html">Merci, Larry McVoy</a>, par
-Richard M. Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/social-inertia.html">Vaincre l'inertie sociale</a>,
par
-Richard M. Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/compromise.html">Ãviter les compromis
ruineux</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">Le logiciel
-libre est encore plus essentiel maintenant</a></li>
+<h4 id="ns">Services en ligne</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2010-2020]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">Qui ce serveur
+sert-il réellement ?</a> par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2020]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/posting-videos.html">Mettre des vidéos en ligne</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2015]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/whats-wrong-with-youtube.html">Qu'y a-t-il de mal dans
+YouTube ?</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2014]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.html">Le bogue que
+personne n'est autorisé à comprendre</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2011]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/judge-internet-usage.html">Un utilisateur averti évalue
+soigneusement les différents usages d'Internet</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2011]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/keep-control-of-your-computing.html">Gardez le contrôle
+de votre informatique, afin qu'elle ne vous contrôle pas !</a> par RMS</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="misc">Divers</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/posting-videos.html">Mettre des vidéos en
ligne</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/proprietary.html">Cas clairement établis de
logiciels
-privateurs qui font des mauvais coups à leurs utilisateurs</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/practical.html">Les avantages du logiciel
libre</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.html">Le bogue que
-personne n'est autorisé à comprendre</a>, par Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/sun-in-night-time.html">Le curieux non-événement
de Sun
-dans la pénombre</a>, par Richard M. Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html">SCO, GNU et Linux</a>, par
-Richard Stallman, parle de la façon dont les poursuites judiciaires de SCO
-contre IBM sont reliées au travail du projet GNU. Veuillez consulter la <a
-href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">réponse de la FSF à SCO</a> pour plus de
-détails à ce sujet.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ms-doj-tunney.html">Déclaration de la FSF en
réponse Ã
-la proposition de jugement définitif révisé dans le procès Microsoft contre
-les Ãtats-Unis, soumise au ministère de la justice américain dans le cadre
-du <i>Tunney Act</i></a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/new-monopoly.html">Le Congrès des Ãtats-Unis
menace
-d'établir un nouveau type de monopole</a> : une tentative du Congrès pour
+<h4 id="access">Accès à la culture</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[1996-2016]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">Le droit de lire : une courte
+histoire dystopique</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2012]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">Les e-books doivent
+nous rendre plus libres, pas moins</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2011]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html">Le danger des livres
+électroniques</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2010]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
+href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/apr/06/digital-economy-bill-richard-stallman";><i>Digital
+economy bill: One clown giveth and the other clown taketh away</i></a>
+(Proposition de loi sur l'économie numérique : un clown donne et un autre
+clown reprend), par RMS, sur <i>theguardian.com</i></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2000]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">Livres électroniques : liberté ou
+copyright</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2000]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html">Encyclopédie universelle et
+ressources pédagogiques libres</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/new-monopoly.html">Le Congrès des Ãtats-Unis menace
+d'établir un nouveau type de monopole</a> â Une tentative du Congrès pour
créer un monopole privé sur la répétition d'informations déjà connues du
public.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/stophr3028.html">Stoppez HR 3028 - Protégez Internet -
+Stoppez les monopoles des marques déposées</a>, par Marc Rotenberg</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html">Commentaires concernant
+l'article de Roderick Long</a>, par RMS</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/dat.html">La bonne façon de taxer les cassettes
-audio-numériques</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/censoring-emacs.html">Je censure mes logiciels</a>,
par
-Richard Stallman>.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/funding-art-vs-funding-software.html">Financer
l'art vs
-financer le logiciel</a>, par Richard Stallman.</li>
+<h4 id="funding">Financement des Åuvres culturelles</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2013]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/funding-art-vs-funding-software.html">Financer l'art vs
+financer le logiciel</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1992]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/dat.html">La bonne façon de taxer les cassettes
+audio-numériques</a>, par RMS</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html">Android et la
liberté
-des utilisateurs</a></li>
+<h4 id="evils">Surveillance, censure, verrouillage, etc.</h4>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ubuntu-spyware.html">Un logiciel espion dans
Ubuntu !
-Que faire ?</a></li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2013… ]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/proprietary.html">Le logiciel privateur est souvent
+malveillant</a> â Cas clairement établis de logiciels privateurs qui font
+des mauvais coups à leurs utilisateurs</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[2015-2019]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">Quel niveau de
+surveillance la démocratie peut-elle endurer ?</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2021]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html">Un app store de la pire
+espèce</a>, par Alexandre Oliva</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2018]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/phone-anonymous-payment.html">Paiement anonyme par
+téléphone</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2018]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<i><a
+href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance";>A
+radical proposal to keep your personal data safe</a></i> (une proposition
+radicale pour assurer la sécurité de vos données personnelles), par RMS,
sur
+<i>theguardian.com</i></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2018]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/surveillance-testimony.html">Témoignage sur la
+surveillance</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2012]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/ubuntu-spyware.html">Un logiciel espion dans Ubuntu !
+Que faire ?</a> par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2009]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/microsoft.html">Microsoft est-il le Grand Satan ?</a>
+[<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-old.html">version plus ancienne</a>]</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2008]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/the-root-of-this-problem.html">Le problème est le
+logiciel contrôlé par son développeur</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2008]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/gates.html">Ce ne sont pas des barrières mais une
+prison</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2002]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/wassenaar.html">L'arrangement de Wassenaar</a> â On
+recherche des bénévoles de la cryptographie logicielle dans des pays sans
+contrôle des exportations.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2002]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/ms-doj-tunney.html">Déclaration de la FSF en réponse Ã
+la proposition de jugement définitif révisé dans le procès Microsoft contre
+les Ãtats-Unis</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2000]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html">Ã propos du verdict
+Microsoft</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-antitrust.html">Le procès antitrust contre
+Microsoft, propositions de la FSF</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/privacyaction.html">Protégeons l'anonymat postal</a>,
+par Kathleen Ellis â Une campagne d'opposition à une proposition de
+règlement du Service postal des Ãtats-Unis visant à collecter des
+informations privées sur ses clients.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html">Libertés d'expression, de la
+presse et d'association sur Internet</a> â Comment protéger ces libertés
sur
+Internet.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1996]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/censoring-emacs.html">Je censure mes logiciels</a>,
+par RMS.</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/whats-wrong-with-youtube.html">Qu'y a-t-il de mal
dans
-YouTube ?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/netscape.html">Netscape et le logiciel libre</a>, un
-article assez ancien qui clarifie quelques malentendus sur une annonce faite
-par Netscape.</li>
+<h3 id="terminology">Terminologie et définitions</h3>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html">Commentaires
concernant
-l'article de Roderick Long</a></li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+*[1996… ]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Mots à éviter ou à utiliser avec
+précaution, car connotés ou prêtant à confusion</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1999… ]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">Traductions du terme <i>free
+software</i></a> en diverses langues.</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[1996-2019]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Catégories de logiciels libres et non
+libres</a></li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2013]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Pourquoi l'appeler le
+<i>Swindle</i> (l'arnaque)</a>, par RMS</li>
+ <li>
+ <!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">
+[2002]</span>'
+ -->
+<!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+<a
+href="/philosophy/wipo-PublicAwarenessOfCopyright-2002.html">Sensibilisation
+du public au droit d'auteur, OMPI juin 2002</a>, par RMS â Où l'OMPI
+reconnaît que son système est conçu pour imposer des restrictions au public
+et propose de modifier la terminologie pour que les gens ne s'en rendent pas
+compte.</li>
</ul>
+
<h3 id="humor">Humour philosophique</h3>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Humour philosophique</a>Â : nous
n'avons
-pas à être sérieux <em>tout</em> le temps.</li>
-</ul>
+<p><a href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Rions avec le GNU (philosophie)</a> â
+Nous n'avons pas à être sérieux tout le temps.</p>
</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -712,7 +1506,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/07/17 19:31:20 $
+$Date: 2021/08/19 09:01:55 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: ph-breadcrumb.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- ph-breadcrumb.fr.html 19 Aug 2021 08:13:20 -0000 1.5
+++ ph-breadcrumb.fr.html 19 Aug 2021 09:01:55 -0000 1.6
@@ -39,31 +39,31 @@
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#principles">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Principles</a> /
+Principes</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /practice/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#practice">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Practice</a> /
+Pratique</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /extension/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#extension">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Other areas</a> /
+Autres domaines</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /free-open/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#free-open">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Free software & open source</a> /
+Logiciel libre et open source</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /free-nonfree/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#free-nonfree">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Mixing free & nonfree</a> /
+Mélange libre et non libre</a> /
<!--#endif -->
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /upholding/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
@@ -76,19 +76,19 @@
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#fsmovement">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Free software movement</a> /
+Mouvement du logiciel libre</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /need/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#need">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Need for free software</a> /
+Nécessité du logiciel libre</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /action/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#action">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Guide for action</a> /
+Guide pour l'action</a> /
<!--#endif -->
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /licensing/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
@@ -107,20 +107,20 @@
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#non-copyleft">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Non-copyleft</a> /
+Non copyleft</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /traps/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#traps">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Traps</a> /
+Pièges</a> /
<!--#endif -->
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /laws/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#Laws">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Legal issues</a> /
+Questions juridiques</a> /
<!--#if expr="$TAGS = /patents/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#patents">' -->
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#sco">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-SCO's attacks</a> /
+Attaques de SCO</a> /
<!--#endif -->
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /cultural/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#society">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Digital society</a> /
+Société numérique</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /drm/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#drm">' -->
@@ -175,19 +175,19 @@
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#access">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Accessing culture</a> /
+Accès à  la culture</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /funding/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#funding">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Funding culture</a> /
+Financement de la culture</a> /
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /evils/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
value='<a href="/philosophy/essays-and-articles.html#evils">' -->
<!--#echo
encoding='none' var='LINK' -->
-Surveillance etc.</a> /
+Surveillance etc.</a> /
<!--#endif -->
<!--#elif expr="$TAGS = /term/" -->
<!--#set var='LINK'
Index: use-free-software.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/use-free-software.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.68
retrieving revision 1.69
diff -u -b -r1.68 -r1.69
--- use-free-software.fr.html 22 Jul 2021 14:32:15 -0000 1.68
+++ use-free-software.fr.html 19 Aug 2021 09:01:55 -0000 1.69
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
-<!--#set var="TAGS" value="upholding" -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding fsmovement" -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>Publié à l'origine sur <cite>Newsforge</cite>.</p>
+<p>Publié à l'origine sur <cite>NewsForge</cite>.</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/07/22 14:32:15 $
+$Date: 2021/08/19 09:01:55 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/enforcing-gpl.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/enforcing-gpl.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.34
diff -u -b -r1.33 -r1.34
--- po/enforcing-gpl.fr-en.html 18 Jul 2021 12:31:43 -0000 1.33
+++ po/enforcing-gpl.fr-en.html 19 Aug 2021 09:01:56 -0000 1.34
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
-<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing copyleft" -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Enforcing the GNU GPL
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
<h2>Enforcing the GNU GPL</h2>
<address class="byline">by <a href="http://moglen.law.columbia.edu/";>Eben
-Moglen</a></address>
+Moglen</a> <a href="#moglen"><sup>[*]</sup></a></address>
<p><em>10 September 2001</em></p>
@@ -191,9 +191,9 @@
is the right way after all.</p>
</div>
-<div class="infobox" role="complementary">
+<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>
+<p id="moglen">[*]
Eben Moglen is professor of law and legal history at Columbia University
Law School. He serves without fee as General Counsel of the Free Software
Foundation.
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/07/18 12:31:43 $
+$Date: 2021/08/19 09:01:56 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/essays-and-articles.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.94
retrieving revision 1.95
diff -u -b -r1.94 -r1.95
--- po/essays-and-articles.fr-en.html 10 Jul 2021 10:01:30 -0000 1.94
+++ po/essays-and-articles.fr-en.html 19 Aug 2021 09:01:56 -0000 1.95
@@ -4,11 +4,21 @@
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Essays and Articles
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+.toc { margin-bottom: 1em; }
+.toc ul { font-weight: normal; }
+.toc > ul > li { list-style-type: none; font-weight: bold; }
+@media (min-width:55em) { .toc > ul > li { display: inline-block; width: 95%;
}}
+.reduced-width > h3 { margin-top: 1.5em; border-bottom: 2px solid #bbb; }
+ ul.no-bullet li { text-indent: -1.5em; }
+ .date-tag { font-size: .875em; position: relative; bottom: .05em; }
+--></style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/essays-and-articles.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/philosophy-menu.html" -->
<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Essays and Articles</h2>
<div class="thin"></div>
@@ -17,46 +27,64 @@
free software movement, which is the motivation for our development of
the free software operating system GNU.</p>
-<p>A <a href="/philosophy/latest-articles.html">list of the latest
-published articles</a> is also available.</p>
-
-<p>
-<!-- please leave both these ID attributes here. ... -->
-<a id="TOCFreedomOrganizations">We</a>
-<a id="FreedomOrganizations">also</a>
-<!-- ... we removed this as an H$ section as it was duplicating the -->
-<!-- same information on links.html, but it's possible that some users -->
-<!-- have the URLs bookmarked or on their pages. -len -->
-keep a list of
-<a href="/links/links.html#FreedomOrganizations">Organizations
-that Work for Freedom in
-Computer Development and Electronic Communications</a>.</p>
+<p>The most important articles are marked with asterisks, and listed first
+in each category. The other ones are in reverse chronological order.</p>
</div>
-<div class="summary" style="margin-top: 1.2em">
+<div class="toc">
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="#aboutfs">About Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="#aboutgnu">About the GNU Operating System</a></li>
- <li><a href="#LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="#Laws">Laws and Issues</a>
+<ul class="columns">
+ <li><a href="#aboutfs">About Free Software</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="#principles">Principles</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#practice">Practice</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#extension">Extension to other areas</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#mix">Mixing free and nonfree</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#free-open">Free software and open source</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">The GNU Project</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#fsmovement">The free software movement</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#need">The need for free software</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#action">Guide for action</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">General information</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#copyleft">Copyleft</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#non-copyleft">Non-copyleft</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#traps">Licensing traps</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#Laws">Legal Issues</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#patents">Patents</a></li>
<li><a href="#copyright">Copyright</a></li>
- <li><a href="#drm">Digital Restrictions Management</a></li>
- <li><a href="#noip">The propaganda term “Intellectual
Property”</a></li>
- <li><a href="#ns">Network Services</a></li>
- <li><a href="#cultural">Cultural and Social Issues</a></li>
- </ul></li>
+ <li><a href="#noip">The propaganda term “Intellectual
+ Property”</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#sco">Response to SCO's attacks</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
+ <li><a href="#cultural">Cultural and Social Issues</a>
+ <ul>
+ <li><a href="#society">Digital society</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#drm">Digital restrictions management</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#ns">Network services</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#access">Accessing culture</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#funding">Funding cultural works</a></li>
+ <li><a href="#evils">Surveillance, censorship, lock-in, etc.</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html">Proprietary malware</a></li>
+ </ul>
+ </li>
<li><a href="#terminology">Terminology and Definitions</a></li>
- <li><a href="#upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</a></li>
- <li><a href="#misc">Misc</a></li>
- <li><a href="#humor">Philosophical Humor</a></li>
+ <li><a href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Philosophical Humor</a></li>
</ul>
<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
-<div style="width: 47em; max-width: 100%">
<h3 id="aboutfs">About Free Software</h3>
<p>
Free software is a matter of freedom: people should be free to use
@@ -66,550 +94,974 @@
These possibilities make software as useful as it is; we believe
software users should be able to make use of them.</p>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">What is Free Software?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/why-free.html">Why
- Software Should Not Have Owners</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">Why
- Software Should Be Free</a> (This is an older and longer
- essay about the same topic as the previous one)</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Why Free Software Needs
- Free Documentation</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/when-free-depends-on-nonfree.html">
- When Free Software Depends on Nonfree</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/selling.html">Selling Free Software</a> is OK!</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free and
- Non-Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/floss-and-foss.html"> FLOSS and FOSS</a></li>
- <li><a href="/software/reliability.html">Free Software is More
Reliable!</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.html">
- When Free Software Isn't (Practically) Superior</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Why
- “Open Source” misses the point of Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-open-overlap.html">How Free Software and
- Open Source Relate as Categories of Programs</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/linux-gnu-freedom.html">Linux, GNU, and
- Freedom</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gnutella.html"
- id="Gnutella">Regarding Gnutella</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/schools.html">Why Schools Should Use
- Exclusively Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/my_doom.html">MyDoom and You</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/15-years-of-free-software.html">
- 15 Years of Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-intro.html">Free Software
movement</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/your-freedom-needs-free-software.html">
- Your Freedom Needs Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">
- Motives For Writing Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">Measures
- Governments Can Use to Promote Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/uruguay.html">Lesson from Uruguay</a>. The FSF
- learned something from a bill presented in Uruguay.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-run.html">
- Why programs must not limit the freedom to run them</a> —
- Freedom 0 must not be limited.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/imperfection-isnt-oppression.html">
- Imperfection is not the same as oppression</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html">
- Applying the Free Software Criteria</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3 id="aboutgnu">About the GNU Operating System</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Initial announcement of
- the GNU Operating System</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/manifesto.html">The GNU Manifesto</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/gnu-history.html">Brief history of the GNU Project</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">The GNU Project</a>,
- a longer and more complete description of the project and its
- history.</li>
- <li><a href="/fsf/fsf.html">The official website of the Free Software
Foundation</a></li>
- <li><a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a></li>
+<h4 id="principles">Principles</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1996… ]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">
+ What is Free Software?</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">
+ Free Software Is Even More Important Now</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/selling.html">
+ Selling Free Software</a>
+ — This is OK!</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-run.html">
+ Why programs must not limit the freedom to run them</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — Freedom 0 must not be limited.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2007]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/your-freedom-needs-free-software.html">
+ Your Freedom Needs Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1994]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/why-free.html">
+ Why Software Should Not Have Owners</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1991]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">
+ Why Software Should Be Free</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — An older and longer essay about the same topic as the
+ previous one.</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">General information on licensing
- and copyleft</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/license-list.html">A list of free and nonfree
- licenses, with comments</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/gpl-faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions About
- the GNU Licenses</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html">Why You Shouldn't Use the
- Lesser GPL for Your Next Library</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/copyleft.html">Copyleft</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/why-copyleft.html">Why Copyleft?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/university.html">Releasing Free Software if
- You Work at a University</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">Copyleft: Pragmatic
Idealism</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/javascript-trap.html">Javascript Trap</a>.
- You may be running nonfree programs on your computer
- every day without realizing it—through your web browser.</li>
- <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/blogs/licensing/20050211.html";>
- Censorship envy and licensing</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/x.html">The X Window System Trap</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/apsl.html">The Problems of the Apple
License</a></li>
- <li><a href="/licenses/bsd.html">The BSD License Problem</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl.html">The Netscape Public License
- Has Serious Problems</a>. An <a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html">
- earlier version of this article</a> is also available.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/udi.html">The Free Software Movement and
UDI</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gates.html">It's not the Gates, it's the
- bars</a>, an article by Richard Stallman published in BBC News in
- 2008.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft.html">Is Microsoft the Great Satan?</a>
- (An <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-old.html">older version</a> of
- this article is also available.)</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-antitrust.html">The Microsoft
- Antitrust Trial and Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html">On the Microsoft
Verdict</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-new-monopoly.html">
- Microsoft's New Monopoly</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/lest-codeplex-perplex.html">
- Lest CodePlex perplex</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/plan-nine.html" id="PlanNineLicense">
- The Problems of the Plan 9 License</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/motif.html" id="MotifLicense">
- The New Motif License</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html" id="UsingGFDL">Using the GNU
FDL</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-way.html" id="GPLAmericanWay">
- The GNU GPL and the American Way</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-dream.html" id="GPLAmericanDream">
- The GNU GPL and the American Dream</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.html" id="EnforcingGPL">
- Enforcing the GNU GPL</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">
- On Selling Exceptions to the GNU GPL</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-power.html" id="FreedomOrPower">
- Freedom or Power?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html" id="NoWordAttachments">
- We Can Put an End to Word Attachments</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/java-trap.html" id="JavaTrap">
- Free But Shackled - The Java Trap</a> (Although Sun has
- <a href="http://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html";>
- relicensed</a> most of its Java platform reference implementation
- under the GNU General Public License, the issue described in this
- article still remains important.)</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.html">GPL-compliant version
- of RTLinux Open Patent License in Works</a></li>
+<h4 id="practice">Practice</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1999-2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.html">
+ When Free Software Isn't (Practically) Superior</a>
+ (by Benjamin Mako Hill)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html">
+ Applying the Free Software Criteria</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/imperfection-isnt-oppression.html">
+ Imperfection is not the same as oppression</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html">
+ Android and Users' Freedom</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1997-2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/software/reliability.html">
+ Free Software is More Reliable!</a></li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="Laws">Laws and Issues</h3>
-
-<h4 id="patents">Patents</h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/limit-patent-effect.html">Giving the Software
- Field Protection from Patents</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/w3c-patent.html">FSF's Position on W3
- Consortium “Royalty-Free” Patent Policy</a>
- rewritten</li>
-
- <li>How to Protect the <a href="/philosophy/protecting.html">Right
- to Write Software</a> (whether it's free or not).</li>
-
- <li>In <a
href="https://www.eff.org/press/releases/princeton-scientists-sue-over-squelched-research";>
- Felten v. RIAA</a>, scientists are asking a court to rule that the
- Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) does not prohibit them from
- publishing their research.</li>
-
- <li><a href="https://www.eff.org/search/site/dvd cases/">EFF
- “Intellectual Property”: MPAA (Motion Picture Association of
- America) DVD Cases Archive</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html">Patent
- Reform Is Not Enough</a></li>
+<h4 id="extension">Extension to other areas</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">
+ Why Free Software Needs Free Documentation</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-software-rocket.html">
+ Should Rockets Have Only Free Software? Free Software and Appliances</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html">
+ Free Hardware and Free Hardware Designs</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html">
+ What Does It Mean for Your Computer to Be Loyal?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/network-services-arent-free-or-nonfree.html">
+ Network Services Aren't Free or Nonfree; They Raise Other Issues</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/gnutella.html" id="Gnutella">
+ Regarding Gnutella</a></li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/savingeurope.html">Saving Europe from
- Software Patents</a></li>
+<h4 id="mix">Mixing free and nonfree</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2016]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/when-free-depends-on-nonfree.html">
+ When Free Software Depends on Nonfree</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/is-ever-good-use-nonfree-program.html">
+ Is It Ever a Good Thing to Use a Nonfree Program?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/mcvoy.html">
+ Thank You, Larry McVoy</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/udi.html">
+ The Free Software Movement and UDI</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/europes-unitary-patent.html">Europe's
- “unitary patent” could mean unlimited software patents</a></li>
+<h4 id="free-open">Free software and open source</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2007-2021]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">
+ Why “Open Source” Misses the Point of Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-open-overlap.html">
+ How Free Software and Open Source Relate as Categories of Programs</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/floss-and-foss.html">
+ FLOSS and FOSS</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/linux-gnu-freedom.html">
+ Linux, GNU, and Freedom</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html">
+ Letter from RMS to the Editor of Dr. Dobb's Journal</a>
+ on the distinction between the free software and open source movements.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">
+ “Open Source Software” or “Free Software”?</a>
+ (replaced by <a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">
+ Why “Open Source” Misses the Point of Free Software</a>)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">Boycott Amazon!</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/amazon-nat.html">Amazon Boycott Success!</a>, a
- letter from Nat Friedman to Richard Stallman.</li>
+<h3 id="upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</h3>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.html">Letter from RMS to Tim
- O'Reilly</a> in regard to a statement by Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon, on
- the duration of software patents.</li>
+<h4>The GNU Project</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">The GNU Operating System</a>
+ — History, relationship with Linux, etc.</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/amazonpatent.html">Amazon's patent on a system
- for placing a purchase order over the internet</a>, with notes by Richard
- Stallman.</li>
+<h4 id="fsmovement">The free software movement</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><a href="https://www.fsf.org/";>
+ The official website of the Free Software Foundation</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/use-free-software.html">
+ The Free Software Community After 20 Years</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — With great but incomplete success, what now?</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/15-years-of-free-software.html">
+ 15 Years of Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/free-software-intro.html">
+ Free Software Movement</a></li>
+</ul>
- <li><a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000815064858/http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf";
- id="SequentialIPandI">Sequential Innovation, Patents, and
- Imitation</a> is a paper that presents a mathematical model showing
- how patents can impede progress in fields like software.</li>
+<h4 id="need">The need for free software</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2011-2017]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html">
+ Measures Governments Can Use to Promote Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009-2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/education/edu-schools.html">
+ Why Schools Should Use Exclusively Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/technological-neutrality.html">
+ Technological Neutrality and Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/uruguay.html">
+ Lesson from Uruguay</a>
+ — The FSF learned something from a bill presented in Uruguay.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/second-sight.html">
+ Free Software and (e-)Government</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/fs-and-sustainable-development.html">
+ Free Software and Sustainable Development</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — A short article regarding the use of proprietary software in
+ cultural development.</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/hague.html">Harm from the Hague</a>.</li>
+<h4 id="action">Guide for action</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">
+ Saying No to unjust computing even once is help</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html">
+ Motives For Writing Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002-2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html" id="NoWordAttachments">
+ We Can Put an End to Word Attachments</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/install-fest-devil.html">
+ Install Fests: What to Do about the Deal with the Devil</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/upgrade-windows.html">
+ What Is the Right Way to Upgrade an Installation of Windows?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2018]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/kind-communication.html">
+ GNU Kind Communications Guidelines</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2017]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/hackathons.html">
+ Why Hackathons Should Insist on Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/contradictory-support.html">
+ Beware of Contradictory “Support”</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/devils-advocate.html">
+ Why the Devil's Advocate Doesn't Help Reach the Truth</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2010]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/practical.html">
+ The Advantages of Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/pirate-party.html">
+ How the Swedish Pirate Party Platform Backfires on Free Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/lest-codeplex-perplex.html">
+ Lest CodePlex perplex</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ucita.html">
+ Why We Must Fight UCITA</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/compromise.html">
+ Avoiding Ruinous Compromises</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2007]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/social-inertia.html">
+ Overcoming Social Inertia</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/my_doom.html">
+ MyDoom and You</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/guardian-article.html">Opposing The European
- Software Patent Directive</a>, a slightly modified version of the
- article originally published in <a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/international";>
- The Guardian</a> of London, by Richard Stallman and Nick Hill.</li>
- <li><a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/aug/02/comment.business";>
- Soft sell</a>. Richard Stallman's comments on the defeat of the EU
- software patenting directive. Published in <i>The Guardian</i> in 2005.</li>
+<h3 id="LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</h3>
- <li><a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/jun/23/onlinesupplement.insideit";>
- Patent absurdity</a>, an article by Richard M. Stallman published in
- <i>The Guardian</i> in 2005.</li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">
+ Licenses</a>
+ — General information on licensing and copyleft</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.html">Bill Gates
- and Other Communists</a>. An article by Richard Stallman published
- in CNET News.com in 2005.</li>
+<h4 id="copyleft">Copyleft</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/why-copyleft.html">
+ Why Copyleft?</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">
+ Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2009-2017]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html">
+ On Selling Exceptions to the GNU GPL</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/licensing/20050211.html";>
+ Censorship envy and licensing</a>
+ (by David “Novalis” Turner, on <i>fsf.org</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/archive/downloads/research/gpl/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf";>
+ English translation of the famous decision of the District Court of
+ Munich</a> regarding the enforceability and validity of the GPL (by
+ the translators of the Oxford Internet Institute, on
+ <i>oii.ox.ac.uk</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/university.html">
+ Releasing Free Software if You Work at a University</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-way.html" id="GPLAmericanWay">
+ The GNU GPL and the American Way</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-dream.html" id="GPLAmericanDream">
+ The GNU GPL and the American Dream</a>
+ (by Bradley M. Kuhn)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-power.html" id="FreedomOrPower">
+ Freedom or Power?</a>
+ (by Bradley M. Kuhn and RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.html">
+ GPL-compliant version of RTLinux Open Patent License in Works</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.html" id="EnforcingGPL">
+ Enforcing the GNU GPL</a>
+ (by Eben Moglen)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html" id="UsingGFDL">
+ Using the GNU FDL</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/trivial-patent.html">The Anatomy of a
- Trivial Patent</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
+<h4 id="non-copyleft">Non-copyleft</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/apsl.html">
+ FSF's Opinion of the Apple Public Source License (APSL) 2.0</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/plan-nine.html" id="PlanNineLicense">
+ The Problems of the (Earlier) Plan 9 License</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl.html">
+ On the Netscape Public License</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ [<a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html">older version</a>]</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/netscape.html">
+ Netscape and Free Software</a>
+ — An old article that clarifies some misunderstandings about an
+ announcement by Netscape.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1997]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/motif.html" id="MotifLicense">
+ The New Motif License</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html"
id="FightingSoftwarePatents">
- Fighting Software Patents - Singly and Together</a></li>
+<h4 id="traps">Licensing traps</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009-2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/javascript-trap.html">
+ JavaScript Trap</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — You may be running nonfree programs on your computer every day
+ without realizing it—through your web browser.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004-2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/java-trap.html" id="JavaTrap">
+ Free But Shackled - The Java Trap</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — Although Sun has
+ <a href="https://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html";>
+ relicensed</a> most of its Java platform reference implementation under
+ the GNU General Public License, the issue described in this article
+ still remains important.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998-2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/x.html">
+ The X Window System Trap</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2006]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/sun-in-night-time.html">
+ The Curious Incident of Sun in the Night-Time</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/software-patents.html">Software patents —
- Obstacles to software development</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.html"
id="SoftwareLiteraryPatents">
- Software Patents and Literary Patents</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.
- Speaking of patenting artistic techniques, US patent (6,935,954)
- covers making game characters start to hallucinate when (according to
- the game) they are being driven insane. That is getting pretty close
- to the hypothetical examples cited in this article.</li>
+<h3 id="Laws">Legal issues</h3>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/gif.html">Why there are no GIF files on GNU web
- pages</a>. While this story is a historical illustration of the danger of
+<h4 id="patents">Patents</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/limit-patent-effect.html">
+ Giving the Software Field Protection from Patents</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/europes-unitary-patent.html">
+ Europe's “unitary patent” could mean unlimited software
+ patents</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000-2007]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="https://www.eff.org/search/site/dvd%20cases/";>
+ EFF “Intellectual Property”: MPAA (Motion Picture
+ Association of America) DVD Cases Archive</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2006]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/trivial-patent.html">
+ The Anatomy of a Trivial Patent</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-new-monopoly.html">
+ Microsoft's New Monopoly</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/aug/02/comment.business";>
+ Soft sell</a>
+ (by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)
+ — Comments on the defeat of the EU software patenting directive.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.html">
+ Bill Gates and Other Communists</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.html"
id="SoftwareLiteraryPatents">
+ Software Patents and Literary Patents</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — Speaking of patenting artistic techniques, US patent (6,935,954)
+ covers making game characters start to hallucinate when (according to the
+ game) they are being driven insane. That is getting pretty close to the
+ hypothetical examples cited in this article.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html"
id="FightingSoftwarePatents">
+ Fighting Software Patents—Singly and Together</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/jun/23/onlinesupplement.insideit";>
+ Patent absurdity</a>
+ (by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/w3c-patent.html">
+ FSF's Position on W3 Consortium “Royalty-Free” Patent Policy</a>
+ (rewritten)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/guardian-article.html">
+ Opposing The European Software Patent Directive</a>
+ (by RMS and Nick Hill)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.eff.org/press/releases/princeton-scientists-sue-over-squelched-research";>
+ Princeton Scientists Sue Over Squelched Research</a>
+ (press release on <i>eff.org</i>)
+ — In <cite>Felten v. RIAA</cite>, scientists ask a court to rule that
the
+ Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) does not prohibit them from
+ publishing their research.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/hague.html">
+ Harm from the Hague</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000815064858/http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf";
+ id="SequentialIPandI">
+ Sequential Innovation, Patents, and Imitation</a>
+ (by James Bessen and Eric Maskin, on <i>researchoninnovation.org</i>,
archived)
+ — This paper presents a mathematical model showing how patents can
+ impede progress in fields like software.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.html">
+ Letter from RMS to Tim O'Reilly</a>
+ in regard to a statement by Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon, on the duration of
+ software patents.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/amazon-nat.html">
+ Amazon Boycott Success!</a>
+ (a letter from Nat Friedman to RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/amazon.html">
+ (Formerly) Boycott Amazon!</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/amazonpatent.html">
+ Method and system for placing a purchase order via a communications
+ network</a>
+ — Amazon patent with notes by RMS</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1997]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/gif.html">
+ Why There Are No GIF Files on GNU Web Pages</a>
+ — While this story is a historical illustration of the danger of
software patents, these particular patents are now no longer a concern.
- For details of our website
- <a href="/server/fsf-html-style-sheet.html#UseofGraphics">
- policies regarding GIFs</a>, see our <a href="/server/standards/">
- web guidelines</a>.</li>
+ For details of our website policies regarding GIFs, see our <a
+ href="/server/gnu-website-guidelines.html#UseofGraphics">web
+ guidelines</a>.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/savingeurope.html">
+ Saving Europe from Software Patents</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/protecting.html">
+ Help Protect the Rights to Write Both Nonfree and Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html">
+ Patent Reform Is Not Enough</a></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="copyright">Copyright</h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/assigning-copyright.html">When a Company Asks
- For Your Copyright</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/public-domain-manifesto.html">Why I Will Not Sign
- the Public Domain Manifesto</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/pirate-party.html">How the Swedish Pirate Party
- Platform Backfires on Free Software</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.html">Misinterpreting
- Copyright</a> is another essay by Richard Stallman about the
- flaws in popular defenses of copyright law.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/eldred-amicus.html">FSF's Brief Amicus
- Curiae in the Eldred v. Ashcroft Supreme Court case</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html">Science must
- “push copyright aside”</a>, another work of <a
- href="http://www.stallman.org";>Richard Stallman</a> that appeared in
- the <a
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.html">
+ Misinterpreting Copyright—A Series of Errors</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — About the flaws in popular defenses of copyright law.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html">
+ Reevaluating Copyright: The Public Must Prevail</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/assigning-copyright.html">
+ When a Company Asks For Your Copyright</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2010]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/public-domain-manifesto.html">
+ Why I Will Not Sign the Public Domain Manifesto</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">
+ Freedom—or Copyright?</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ [<a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">older version</a>]</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/eldred-amicus.html">
+ FSF's Brief Amicus Curiae in the <cite>Eldred v. Ashcroft</cite> Supreme
Court case</a>
+ (by Eben Moglen)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html">
+ Science must “push copyright aside”</a>
+ (by RMS, first published in <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050729110347/http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/stallman.html";>
- Nature Webdebates</a> in 2001, explains how copyright is impeding
- progress in scientific research. You may also be interested in <a
- href="https://www.plos.org/";>The Public Library of
- Science</a>, which is dedicated to making scientific research freely
- available to all on the Internet.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html">Reevaluating
- Copyright: The Public must prevail</a></li>
-
- <li><a
href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/cyber/complaint_orig.html";>
- Eldred v. Reno</a> is about a lawsuit to overturn a law that extends
- copyright by 20 extra years.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Freedom-Or
- Copyright?</a>, by Richard Stallman (an <a
- href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">older version</a> of
- this essay remains online as well.)</li>
-
- <li>An <a
href="https://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/archive/downloads/research/gpl/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf";>
- English translation of the famous
- decision of the District Court of Munich</a> regarding the enforceability
and
- validity of the GPL. The translation was done by the Oxford Internet
- Institute.</li>
- <!-- This link is broken
- <li><a href="http://www.humaninfo.org/copyrigh.htm";>Examples of
- Excellent Copyright Policies</a></li>
- -->
-</ul>
-
-<h4 id="drm">Digital Restrictions Management</h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.html">
- Correcting My Mistake about French Law</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/the-root-of-this-problem.html">The problem is
- software controlled by its developer</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/computing-progress.html">Computing
- “progress”: good and bad</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html">Opposing Digital Rights
- Mismanagement</a>, by Richard M. Stallman, answers a few common
- questions about DRM.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">Ebooks: Freedom Or
- Copyright</a> a slightly modified version of the article, originally
- published in Technology Review in 2000, by Richard Stallman</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">
- Ebooks must increase our freedom, not decrease it</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">Can you trust your
- computer?</a>, a work by Richard Stallman about the so-called
- “trusted computing” initiatives.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">The Right to Read: A
- Dystopian Short Story</a> by Richard Stallman.</li>
-</ul>
-
-<h4 id="noip">The propaganda
-term <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">
-“Intellectual Property”</a></h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">The Curious History of
- Komongistan (Busting the term “intellectual property”)</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/no-ip-ethos.html">Don't Let
- “Intellectual Property” Twist Your Ethos</a>, by
- Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li>Comments from Richard Stallman
- on <a href="/philosophy/ipjustice.html">the ICLC's rejection of the
- IP Enforcement Directive</a></li>
-
- <li>Richard Stallman has
- written <a href="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.html">a review of
- Boldrin and Levine's “The case against intellectual
- property.”</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">Did You Say
- “Intellectual Property”? It's a Seductive Mirage</a>.
- An essay on the true meaning of the phrase “Intellectual
- Property”, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
+ <cite>Nature WebDebates</cite></a> in 2001)
+ — This article explains how copyright is impeding progress in
+ scientific research. You may also be interested
+ in <a href="https://www.plos.org/";>The Public Library of Science</a>,
+ which is dedicated to making scientific research freely available to all
+ on the Internet.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030604075825/http://www.humaninfo.org/copyrigh.htm";>
+ Examples of Excellent Copyright Policies</a>
+ (on <i>humaninfo.org</i>, archived)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://cyber.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/cyber/complaint_orig.html";>
+ Original complaint in <cite>Eldred v. Reno</cite></a>
+ (on <i>harvard.edu</i>)
+ — A lawsuit to overturn a law that extends copyright by 20 extra
+ years.</li>
</ul>
-<h4 id="ns">Network Services</h4>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/network-services-arent-free-or-nonfree.html">
- Network Services Aren't Free or Nonfree; They Raise Other Issues</a> an
- article by Richard Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">Who
- does that server really serve?</a> by Richard Stallman published
- in <a href="http://www.bostonreview.net/richard-stallman-free-software-DRM";>
- Boston Review.</a></li>
+<h4 id="noip">The propaganda term “<a
+href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">Intellectual
+Property</a>”</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">
+ Did You Say “Intellectual Property”? It's a Seductive Mirage</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html">
+ The Curious History of Komongistan (Busting the term “intellectual
+ property”)</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2006]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/no-ip-ethos.html">
+ Don't Let “Intellectual Property” Twist Your Ethos</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html">
+ Did You Say “Intellectual Property”? It's a Seductive Mirage</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ipjustice.html">
+ Reject IP Enforcement Directive</a>
+ — Comments on the rejection of this directive by the International
+ Civil Liberties Coalition.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.html">
+ Review: Boldrin and Levine, “The Case Against Intellectual
+ Property”</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
</ul>
-<h4 id="cultural">Cultural and Social Issues</h4>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/stallmans-law.html">Stallman's Law</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/phone-anonymous-payment.html">Anonymous
- Payment by Phone</a></li>
-
- <li><a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance";>
- A radical proposal to keep your personal data safe</a>, by Richard
- Stallman</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/surveillance-testimony.html">Surveillance
- Testimony</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/devils-advocate.html">
- Why the Devil's Advocate Doesn't Help Reach the Truth</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/hackathons.html">
- Why Hackathons Should Insist on Free Software</a>
- by Richard Stallman</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/technological-neutrality.html">
- Technological Neutrality and Free Software</a>
- by Richard Stallman</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">How Much
- Surveillance Can Democracy Withstand?</a> by Richard Stallman</li>
+<h4 id="sco">Response to SCO's attacks</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003-2004]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">
+ FSF's Position regarding SCO's attacks on Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html">
+ SCO, GNU, and Linux</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — How SCO's lawsuit against IBM pertains to the work of the
+ GNU project.</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/nonfree-games.html">Nonfree DRM'd Games on
- GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?</a> by Richard Stallman.</li>
- <li> <a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/apr/06/digital-economy-bill-richard-stallman";>
- Digital economy bill: One clown giveth and the other clown taketh
- away</a>, by Richard Stallman.</li>
+<h3 id="cultural">Cultural and Social Issues</h3>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.html">
+<h4 id="society">Digital society</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/stallmans-law.html">
+ Stallman's Law</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.html">
Is Digital Inclusion A Good Thing? How Can We Make Sure It Is?</a>
- By Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/wsis.html">World Summit on the Information
- Society</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/wassenaar.html">Encryption software
- volunteers needed in countries without export control</a>.</li>
-
- <li>How to Protect the <a href="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html">
- Freedoms of Speech, Press, and Association</a> on the Internet.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/privacyaction.html">Protect Postal
- Privacy</a>, a campaign to resist the proposed rule by the United
- States Postal Service to collect private information from
- customers.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ucita.html">Why We Must Fight UCITA</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/second-sight.html">Free Software and
- (e-)Government</a> — an article from The Guardian, by Richard
- Stallman (originally published under the title “Second
- Sight”).</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-and-sustainable-development.html">
- Free Software and Sustainable Development</a> — A short
- article by Richard Stallman regarding the use of proprietary
- software in cultural development.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/keep-control-of-your-computing.html">
- Keep control of your computing, so it doesn't control you!</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/judge-internet-usage.html">
- A wise user judges each Internet usage scenario carefully</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html">The Danger of
E-Books</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/is-ever-good-use-nonfree-program.html">
- Is It Ever a Good Thing to Use a Nonfree Program?</a> By
- Richard Stallman.</li>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2007]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/computing-progress.html">
+ Computing “progress”: good and bad</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/wsis.html">
+ World Summit on the Information Society</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/contradictory-support.html">
- Beware of Contradictory “Support”</a></li>
+<h4 id="drm">Digital restrictions management</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2006]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html">
+ Opposing Digital Rights Mismanagement</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — Answers to a few common questions about DRM.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">
+ Can You Trust Your Computer?</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — About the so-called “trusted computing” initiatives.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/nonfree-games.html">
+ Nonfree DRM'd Games on GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.html">
+ Correcting My Mistake about French Law</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="terminology">Terminology and Definitions</h3>
+<h4 id="ns">Network Services</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2010-2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html">
+ Who does that server really serve?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2020]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/posting-videos.html">
+ Posting Videos</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/whats-wrong-with-youtube.html">
+ What's Wrong with YouTube</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.html">
+ The Bug Nobody is Allowed to Understand</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/judge-internet-usage.html">
+ A wise user judges each Internet usage scenario carefully</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/keep-control-of-your-computing.html">
+ Keep control of your computing, so it doesn't control you!</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html">
- Free Hardware and Free Hardware Designs</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Confusing Words</a>
- which You Might Want to Avoid</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/wipo-PublicAwarenessOfCopyright-2002.html">
- Public Awareness of Copyright, WIPO, June 2002</a>. On how WIPO
- recognizes that their system is designed to restrict the public, and
- how they propose to modify terminology so that people won't notice.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">Why
- “Open Source” misses the point of Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">“Open
- Source Software” or “Free Software”?</a>
- (This is an older essay about the same topic as the previous one.)</li>
- <li>Richard Stallman wrote <a href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html">
- letter to the editor</a> of Dr. Dobb's Journal in June 2001 which
further
- explains the distinction between the Free Software and Open Source
- movements.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free and
- Non-Free Software</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html">
- What Does It Mean for Your Computer to Be Loyal?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">Translations of the
- term “free software”</a> into various languages.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Why call it the
- Swindle</a></li>
+<h4 id="access">Accessing culture</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996-2016]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">
+ The Right to Read: A Dystopian Short Story</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html">
+ Ebooks must increase our freedom, not decrease it</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html">
+ The Danger of E-Books</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2010]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/apr/06/digital-economy-bill-richard-stallman";>
+ Digital economy bill: One clown giveth and the other clown taketh away</a>
+ (by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html">
+ Ebooks: Freedom Or Copyright</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html">
+ The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/new-monopoly.html">
+ U.S. Congress Threatens to Establish a New Kind of Monopoly</a>
+ — An attempt of the Congress to create a private monopoly over
+ repeating publicly known information.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/stophr3028.html">
+ Stop H.R. 3028 - Protect the Net - Stop the Trademark Monopolists</a>
+ (by Marc Rotenberg)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html">
+ Comments on Roderick Long's Article</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
</ul>
-<h3 id="upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</h3>
+<h4 id="funding">Funding cultural works</h4>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/funding-art-vs-funding-software.html">
+ Funding Art vs Funding Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1992]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/dat.html">
+ The Right Way to Tax DAT</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html">Saying No to unjust
- computing even once is help</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/install-fest-devil.html">Install Fests:
- What to Do about the Deal with the Devil</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/upgrade-windows.html">What Is the Right Way to
- Upgrade an Installation of Windows?</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/use-free-software.html">The Free Software
- Community After 20 Years</a>, With great but incomplete success,
- what now?</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/mcvoy.html">Thank You, Larry McVoy</a>,
- by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/social-inertia.html">
- Overcoming Social Inertia</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/compromise.html">Avoiding Ruinous
Compromises</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">
- Free Software Is Even More Important Now</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<h3 id="misc">Misc</h3>
-
-<ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/posting-videos.html">Posting Videos</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/proprietary.html">Clearly established
- cases of proprietary software that does nasty things to the
- users</a>.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/practical.html">The advantages of free
- software</a>.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.html">The
- Bug Nobody is Allowed to Understand</a>, By Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/sun-in-night-time.html">The Curious
- Incident of Sun in the Night-Time</a>, by Richard M. Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html">SCO, GNU, and
- Linux</a>, by Richard Stallman, discusses how SCO's lawsuit against
- IBM pertains to the work of the GNU project. Please see
- the <a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html">FSF SCO Response Page</a> for
- more details on this subject.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ms-doj-tunney.html">FSF's Statement in
- Response to Proposed Revised Final Judgment in Microsoft vs. United
- States, submitted to the US Department of Justice under the Tunney
- Act</a>.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/new-monopoly.html">U.S. Congress Threatens
- to Establish a New Kind of Monopoly</a>, an attempt of the Congress
- to create a private monopoly over repeating publicly known
- information.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/dat.html">The Right Way to Tax DAT</a></li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/censoring-emacs.html">Censoring My
- Software</a>, by Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/funding-art-vs-funding-software.html">Funding
- Art vs Funding Software</a>, by Richard Stallman.</li>
-
- <li><a href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html">
- Android and Users' Freedom</a></li>
+<h4 id="evils">Surveillance, censorship, lock-in, etc.</h4>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/ubuntu-spyware.html">Ubuntu Spyware: What to
Do?</a></li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[2013… ]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html">
+ Proprietary Software Is Often Malware</a>
+ — Clearly established cases of proprietary software that does
+ nasty things to the users.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2015-2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html">
+ How Much Surveillance Can Democracy Withstand?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2021]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html">
+ The WWWorst App Store</a>
+ (by Alexandre Oliva)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2018]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/phone-anonymous-payment.html">
+ Anonymous Payment by Phone</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2018]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance";>
+ A radical proposal to keep your personal data safe</a>
+ (by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2018]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/surveillance-testimony.html">
+ Surveillance Testimony</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ubuntu-spyware.html">
+ Ubuntu Spyware: What to Do?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2009]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/microsoft.html">
+ Is Microsoft the Great Satan?</a>
+ [<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-old.html">older version</a>]</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/the-root-of-this-problem.html">
+ The Problem Is Software Controlled By Its Developer</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/gates.html">
+ It's not the Gates, it's the bars</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/wassenaar.html">
+ The Wassenaar Arrangement</a>
+ — Encryption software volunteers needed in countries without
+ export control.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/ms-doj-tunney.html">
+ FSF's Statement in Response to Proposed Revised Final Judgment in
+ <cite>Microsoft v. United States</cite></a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html">
+ On the Microsoft Verdict</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/microsoft-antitrust.html">
+ The Microsoft Antitrust Trial and Free Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/privacyaction.html">
+ Protect Postal Privacy</a>
+ (by Kathleen Ellis)
+ — A campaign to resist the proposed rule by the United States
+ Postal Service to collect private information from customers.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html">
+ Freedoms of Speech, Press, and Association</a>
+ — How to protect these freedoms on the Internet.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/censoring-emacs.html">
+ Censoring My Software</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+</ul>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/whats-wrong-with-youtube.html">What's Wrong with
- YouTube</a></li>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/netscape.html">Netscape and Free Software</a>,
- an old article that clarifies some misunderstandings about an
- announcement by Netscape.</li>
+<h3 id="terminology">Terminology and Definitions</h3>
- <li><a href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html">Comments on
- Roderick Long's Article</a>.</li>
+<ul class="no-bullet">
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">*[1996… ]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">
+ Words to Avoid (or Use with Care) Because They Are Loaded or
Confusing</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span
class="date-tag">[1999… ]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">
+ Translations of the term “free software”</a>
+ into various languages.</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996-2019]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">
+ Categories of Free and Nonfree Software</a></li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">
+ Why Call It The Swindle?</a>
+ (by RMS)</li>
+ <li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>'
+ --><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' -->
+ <a href="/philosophy/wipo-PublicAwarenessOfCopyright-2002.html">
+ Public Awareness of Copyright, WIPO, June 2002</a>
+ (by RMS)
+ — How WIPO recognizes that their system is designed to restrict
+ the public, and how they propose to modify terminology so that people
+ won't notice.</li>
</ul>
+
<h3 id="humor">Philosophical humor</h3>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Philosophy Humor</a>.
- We don't have to be serious <i>all</i> the time.</li>
-</ul>
+<p><a href="/fun/humor.html#Philosophy">Laugh along with GNU (Philosophy)</a>
+— We don't have to be serious <i>all</i> the time.</p>
</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
@@ -668,7 +1120,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/07/10 10:01:30 $
+$Date: 2021/08/19 09:01:56 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/latest-articles.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/latest-articles.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.182
retrieving revision 1.183
diff -u -b -r1.182 -r1.183
--- po/latest-articles.ru.po 19 Aug 2021 08:55:41 -0000 1.182
+++ po/latest-articles.ru.po 19 Aug 2021 09:01:57 -0000 1.183
@@ -32,9 +32,9 @@
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑмо из-под пÑеÑÑа: поÑледние ÑÑаÑÑи о
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
и пÑоекÑе GNU."
+#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
# | <a [-href=\"/philosophy/posting-videos.html\">Posting Videos</a>-]
# | {+href=\"/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html\">The WWWorst app store</a>+}
-#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "<a href=\"/philosophy/posting-videos.html\">Posting Videos</a>"
msgid ""
Index: po/use-free-software.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/use-free-software.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- po/use-free-software.fr-en.html 22 Jul 2021 14:32:15 -0000 1.37
+++ po/use-free-software.fr-en.html 19 Aug 2021 09:01:57 -0000 1.38
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
-<!--#set var="TAGS" value="upholding" -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding fsmovement" -->
<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Free Software Community After 20 Years
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
<div class="infobox">
<hr />
-<p>Originally published on Newsforge.</p>
+<p>Originally published on NewsForge.</p>
</div>
</div>
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/07/22 14:32:15 $
+$Date: 2021/08/19 09:01:57 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
| [Prev in Thread] |
Current Thread |
[Next in Thread] |
- www/philosophy enforcing-gpl.fr.html essays-and...,
GNUN <=