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[SCM] gawk branch, master, updated. gawk-4.1.0-5096-gd8749db3
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From: |
Arnold Robbins |
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Subject: |
[SCM] gawk branch, master, updated. gawk-4.1.0-5096-gd8749db3 |
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Date: |
Thu, 22 Dec 2022 00:39:04 -0500 (EST) |
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- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------
http://git.sv.gnu.org/cgit/gawk.git/commit/?id=d8749db361b555377b1842b2f50b58967e23bbd7
commit d8749db361b555377b1842b2f50b58967e23bbd7
Merge: 65930c58 2e171b27
Author: Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
Date: Thu Dec 22 07:38:35 2022 +0200
Merge branch 'gawk-5.2-stable'
diff --cc ChangeLog
index f3f72ae2,28dd2d0c..61965794
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@@ -1,9 -1,8 +1,14 @@@
+ 2022-12-22 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
+
+ * README: Updated with texinfo.tex version.
+ * NEWS: Updated.
+
+2022-12-11 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
+
+ * main.c (load_procinfo): Remove "mb_cur_max" and "utf8"
+ entries, they're not of any real use.
+ * NEWS: Updated.
+
2022-12-11 Arnold D. Robbins <arnold@skeeve.com>
* main.c (get_pma_version): Add declaration.
diff --cc doc/gawk.info
index 82a5f6c9,04fbc9a5..59a0e397
--- a/doc/gawk.info
+++ b/doc/gawk.info
@@@ -193,8 -193,7 +193,8 @@@ in (a) below. A copy of the license i
* Regexp Field Splitting:: Using regexps as the field separator.
* Single Character Fields:: Making each character a separate
field.
+* Comma Separated Fields:: Working with CSV files.
- * Command Line Field Separator:: Setting 'FS' from the command
+ * Command Line Field Separator:: Setting âFSâ from the command
line.
* Full Line Fields:: Making the full line be a single
field.
@@@ -5059,8 -5060,7 +5061,8 @@@ File: gawk.info, Node: Field Separator
* Default Field Splitting:: How fields are normally separated.
* Regexp Field Splitting:: Using regexps as the field separator.
* Single Character Fields:: Making each character a separate field.
+* Comma Separated Fields:: Working with CSV files.
- * Command Line Field Separator:: Setting 'FS' from the command line.
+ * Command Line Field Separator:: Setting âFSâ from the command line.
* Full Line Fields:: Making the full line be a single field.
* Field Splitting Summary:: Some final points and a summary table.
@@@ -5245,62 -5245,12 +5247,62 @@@ Options::), if âFSâ is the null str
way.
-File: gawk.info, Node: Command Line Field Separator, Next: Full Line
Fields, Prev: Single Character Fields, Up: Field Separators
+File: gawk.info, Node: Comma Separated Fields, Next: Command Line Field
Separator, Prev: Single Character Fields, Up: Field Separators
-4.5.4 Setting âFSâ from the Command Line
+4.5.4 Working With Comma Separated Value Files
+----------------------------------------------
+
+Many commonly-used tools use a comma to separate fields, instead of
+whitespace. This is particularly true of popular spreadsheet programs.
+There is no universally accepted standard for the format of these files,
+although RFC 4180 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4180.txt) lists the common
+practices.
+
- For decades, anyone wishing to work with CSV files and 'awk' had to
- "roll their own" solution. (For example, *note Splitting By Content::).
++ For decades, anyone wishing to work with CSV files and âawkâ had to
++âroll their ownâ solution. (For example, *note Splitting By Content::).
+In 2023, Brian Kernighan decided to add basic CSV support to his version
- of 'awk'. In order to keep up, 'gawk' too provides the same support as
- his version. To use CSV data, set 'FS' equal to a string with a single
- comma, like so: 'FS = ","'.
++of âawkâ. In order to keep up, âgawkâ too provides the same support
as
++his version. To use CSV data, set âFSâ equal to a string with a single
++comma, like so: âFS = ","â.
+
+ Fields in CSV files are separated by commas. In order to allow a
+comma to appear inside a field (i.e., as data), the field may be quoted
+by beginning and ending it with double quotes. In order to allow a
+double quote inside a double-quoted field, two double quotes are used.
+*note Table 4.1: table-csv-examples. shows some examples.
+
+
+Input Field Contents
+----------------------------------------------
- 'abc def' 'abc def'
- '"quoted data"' 'quoted data'
- '"quoted, data"' 'quoted, data'
- '"She said 'She said "Stop!".'
- ""Stop!""."'
- 'She said "Stop!".' 'She said "Stop!".'
++âabc defâ âabc defâ
++â"quoted data"â âquoted dataâ
++â"quoted, data"â âquoted, dataâ
++â"She said âShe said "Stop!".â
++""Stop!""."â
++âShe said "Stop!".â âShe said "Stop!".â
+
+Table 4.1: Examples of CSV data
+
+ The double-quote that starts a quoted field must be the first
+character after the comma.
+
+ Some programs that support CSV-formatted data even allow fields to
+include embedded newlines (such as a postal address, for example). This
- is _not_ supported in either BWK 'awk' or in 'gawk'. This cannot be
- done using only facilities in the 'awk' language, since 'awk' first
++is _not_ supported in either BWK âawkâ or in âgawkâ. This cannot be
++done using only facilities in the âawkâ language, since âawkâ first
+splits the input into records, and the default record separator is a
+newline. Thus any newline embedded in a field simply terminates the
+record.
+
+ CSV input parsing is disabled in POSIX mode.
+
+
+File: gawk.info, Node: Command Line Field Separator, Next: Full Line
Fields, Prev: Comma Separated Fields, Up: Field Separators
+
- 4.5.5 Setting 'FS' from the Command Line
++4.5.5 Setting âFSâ from the Command Line
----------------------------------------
- 'FS' can be set on the command line. Use the '-F' option to do so. For
+ âFSâ can be set on the command line. Use the â-Fâ option to do so.
For
example:
awk -F, 'PROGRAM' INPUT-FILES
@@@ -5375,12 -5325,12 +5377,12 @@@ the entries for users whose full name i
File: gawk.info, Node: Full Line Fields, Next: Field Splitting Summary,
Prev: Command Line Field Separator, Up: Field Separators
-4.5.5 Making the Full Line Be a Single Field
+4.5.6 Making the Full Line Be a Single Field
--------------------------------------------
- Occasionally, it's useful to treat the whole input line as a single
- field. This can be done easily and portably simply by setting 'FS' to
- '"\n"' (a newline):(1)
+ Occasionally, itâs useful to treat the whole input line as a single
+ field. This can be done easily and portably simply by setting âFSâ to
+ â"\n"â (a newline):(1)
awk -F'\n' 'PROGRAM' FILES ...
@@@ -5441,11 -5391,7 +5443,11 @@@ value of âFSâ (â==â means âi
Fields are separated by runs of whitespace. Leading and trailing
whitespace are ignored. This is the default.
- 'FS == ","'
++âFS == ","â
+ Fields are separated by commas, with quoting of fields and special
+ rules involved.
+
- 'FS == ANY OTHER SINGLE CHARACTER'
+ âFS == ANY OTHER SINGLE CHARACTERâ
Fields are separated by each occurrence of the character. Multiple
successive occurrences delimit empty fields, as do leading and
trailing occurrences. The character can even be a regexp
@@@ -5757,20 -5703,15 +5759,20 @@@ contain at least one character. A stra
FPAT = "([^,]*)|(\"[^\"]+\")"
- As with 'FS', the 'IGNORECASE' variable (*note User-modified::)
- affects field splitting with 'FPAT'.
+ As with âFSâ, the âIGNORECASEâ variable (*note User-modified::)
+ affects field splitting with âFPATâ.
- Assigning a value to 'FPAT' overrides field splitting with 'FS' and
- with 'FIELDWIDTHS'.
+ Assigning a value to âFPATâ overrides field splitting with âFSâ and
+ with âFIELDWIDTHSâ.
- Finally, the 'patsplit()' function makes the same functionality
+ Finally, the âpatsplit()â function makes the same functionality
available for splitting regular strings (*note String Functions::).
- NOTE: Given that 'gawk' now has built-in CSV parsing (*note Comma
++ NOTE: Given that âgawkâ now has built-in CSV parsing (*note Comma
+ Separated Fields::), the examples presented here are obsolete.
- Nonetheless, it remains useful as an example of what 'FPAT'-based
++ Nonetheless, it remains useful as an example of what âFPATâ-based
+ field parsing can do.
+
---------- Footnotes ----------
(1) The CSV format lacked a formal standard definition for many
@@@ -6488,31 -6429,31 +6490,31 @@@ in mind
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline Summary, Prev: Getline Notes, Up: Getline
- 4.10.10 Summary of 'getline' Variants
+ 4.10.10 Summary of âgetlineâ Variants
-------------------------------------
-*note Table 4.1: table-getline-variants. summarizes the eight variants
+*note Table 4.2: table-getline-variants. summarizes the eight variants
- of 'getline', listing which predefined variables are set by each one,
- and whether the variant is standard or a 'gawk' extension. Note: for
- each variant, 'gawk' sets the 'RT' predefined variable.
+ of âgetlineâ, listing which predefined variables are set by each one,
+ and whether the variant is standard or a âgawkâ extension. Note: for
+ each variant, âgawkâ sets the âRTâ predefined variable.
- Variant Effect 'awk' / 'gawk'
+ Variant Effect âawkâ / âgawkâ
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
- 'getline' Sets '$0', 'NF', 'FNR', 'awk'
- 'NR', and 'RT'
- 'getline' VAR Sets VAR, 'FNR', 'NR', 'awk'
- and 'RT'
- 'getline <' FILE Sets '$0', 'NF', and 'RT' 'awk'
- 'getline VAR < FILE' Sets VAR and 'RT' 'awk'
- COMMAND '| getline' Sets '$0', 'NF', and 'RT' 'awk'
- COMMAND '| getline' Sets VAR and 'RT' 'awk'
+ âgetlineâ Sets â$0â, âNFâ, âFNRâ, âawkâ
+ âNRâ, and âRTâ
+ âgetlineâ VAR Sets VAR, âFNRâ, âNRâ, âawkâ
+ and âRTâ
+ âgetline <â FILE Sets â$0â, âNFâ, and âRTâ âawkâ
+ âgetline VAR < FILEâ Sets VAR and âRTâ âawkâ
+ COMMAND â| getlineâ Sets â$0â, âNFâ, and âRTâ âawkâ
+ COMMAND â| getlineâ Sets VAR and âRTâ âawkâ
VAR
- COMMAND '|& getline' Sets '$0', 'NF', and 'RT' 'gawk'
- COMMAND '|& getline' Sets VAR and 'RT' 'gawk'
+ COMMAND â|& getlineâ Sets â$0â, âNFâ, and âRTâ
âgawkâ
+ COMMAND â|& getlineâ Sets VAR and âRTâ âgawkâ
VAR
- Table 4.2: 'getline' variants and what they set
-Table 4.1: âgetlineâ variants and what they set
++Table 4.2: âgetlineâ variants and what they set
File: gawk.info, Node: Read Timeout, Next: Retrying Input, Prev: Getline,
Up: Reading Files
@@@ -13475,33 -13427,29 +13488,33 @@@ Options::)
non-null STRING with N fields will have N+1 separators. A null
STRING has no fields or separators.
- The 'patsplit()' function splits strings into pieces in a manner
- similar to the way input lines are split into fields using 'FPAT'
+ The âpatsplit()â function splits strings into pieces in a manner
+ similar to the way input lines are split into fields using âFPATâ
(*note Splitting By Content::).
- Before splitting the string, 'patsplit()' deletes any previously
+ Before splitting the string, âpatsplit()â deletes any previously
existing elements in the arrays ARRAY and SEPS.
- 'split(STRING, ARRAY' [', FIELDSEP' [', SEPS' ] ]')'
+ âsplit(STRING, ARRAYâ [â, FIELDSEPâ [â, SEPSâ ] ]â)â
Divide STRING into pieces separated by FIELDSEP and store the
pieces in ARRAY and the separator strings in the SEPS array. The
- first piece is stored in 'ARRAY[1]', the second piece in
- 'ARRAY[2]', and so forth. The string value of the third argument,
+ first piece is stored in âARRAY[1]â, the second piece in
+ âARRAY[2]â, and so forth. The string value of the third argument,
FIELDSEP, is a regexp describing where to split STRING (much as
- 'FS' can be a regexp describing where to split input records). If
- FIELDSEP is omitted, the value of 'FS' is used. 'split()' returns
- the number of elements created. SEPS is a 'gawk' extension, with
- 'SEPS[I]' being the separator string between 'ARRAY[I]' and
- 'ARRAY[I+1]'. If FIELDSEP is a single space, then any leading
- whitespace goes into 'SEPS[0]' and any trailing whitespace goes
- into 'SEPS[N]', where N is the return value of 'split()' (i.e., the
- number of elements in ARRAY). If FIELDSEP is a comma, and 'gawk'
+ âFSâ can be a regexp describing where to split input records). If
+ FIELDSEP is omitted, the value of âFSâ is used. âsplit()â
returns
+ the number of elements created. SEPS is a âgawkâ extension, with
+ âSEPS[I]â being the separator string between âARRAY[I]â and
+ âARRAY[I+1]â. If FIELDSEP is a single space, then any leading
+ whitespace goes into âSEPS[0]â and any trailing whitespace goes
+ into âSEPS[N]â, where N is the return value of âsplit()â (i.e.,
the
- number of elements in ARRAY).
++ number of elements in ARRAY). If FIELDSEP is a comma, and âgawkâ
+ is not in POSIX mode, then the string is split using the CSV
- parsing rules, as for 'FS' (*note Comma Separated Fields::). In
++ parsing rules, as for âFSâ (*note Comma Separated Fields::). In
+ this case, the SEPS array is not filled in, since each element
+ would simply consist of a string containing a comma.
- The 'split()' function splits strings into pieces in the same way
+ The âsplit()â function splits strings into pieces in the same way
that input lines are split into fields. For example:
split("cul-de-sac", a, "-", seps)
@@@ -30710,18 -30659,9 +30724,18 @@@ unfortunately. It added the following
allowing the use of persistent data on certain systems (*note
Persistent Memory::).
- * 'PROCINFO["pma"]' exists if the PMA allocator is compiled in (*note
+ ⢠âPROCINFO["pma"]â exists if the PMA allocator is compiled in (*note
Auto-set::).
+ Version 5.3 added the following features:
+
- * Comma separated value (CSV) field splitting (*note Comma Separated
++ ⢠Comma separated value (CSV) field splitting (*note Comma Separated
+ Fields::).
+
- * The need for GNU 'libsigsegv' was removed from 'gawk'. The
++ ⢠The need for GNU âlibsigsegvâ was removed from âgawkâ. The
+ value-add was never very much and it caused problems in some
+ environments.
+
File: gawk.info, Node: Common Extensions, Next: Ranges and Locales, Prev:
Feature History, Up: Language History
@@@ -36427,25 -36366,25 +36440,25 @@@ Inde
* Brennan, Michael <4>: Simple Sed. (line 25)
* Brennan, Michael <5>: Other Versions. (line 6)
* Brennan, Michael <6>: Other Versions. (line 39)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk: When. (line 21)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <1>: Escape Sequences. (line 112)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <2>: GNU Regexp Operators.
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk: When. (line 21)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <1>: Escape Sequences. (line 112)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <2>: GNU Regexp Operators.
(line 84)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <3>: gawk split records. (line 71)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <4>: Regexp Field Splitting.
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <3>: gawk split records. (line 71)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <4>: Regexp Field Splitting.
(line 66)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <5>: Getline/Pipe. (line 62)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <6>: Concatenation. (line 36)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <7>: I/O And BEGIN/END. (line 15)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <8>: Break Statement. (line 51)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <9>: Continue Statement. (line 44)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <10>: Nextfile Statement. (line 47)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <11>: Delete. (line 51)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <12>: String Functions. (line 514)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <13>: Gory Details. (line 19)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk <14>: I/O Functions. (line 43)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk, extensions: BTL. (line 6)
- * Brian Kernighan's awk, source code: Other Versions. (line 13)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <5>: Getline/Pipe. (line 62)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <6>: Concatenation. (line 36)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <7>: I/O And BEGIN/END. (line 15)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <8>: Break Statement. (line 51)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <9>: Continue Statement. (line 44)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <10>: Nextfile Statement. (line 47)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <11>: Delete. (line 51)
-* Brian Kernighanâs awk <12>: String Functions. (line 510)
++* Brian Kernighanâs awk <12>: String Functions. (line 514)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <13>: Gory Details. (line 19)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk <14>: I/O Functions. (line 43)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk, extensions: BTL. (line 6)
+ * Brian Kernighanâs awk, source code: Other Versions. (line 13)
* Brini, Davide: Signature Program. (line 6)
* Brink, Jeroen: DOS Quoting. (line 10)
* Broder, Alan J.: Contributors. (line 91)
@@@ -38876,11 -38801,9 +38883,9 @@@
* sidebar, Changing FS Does Not Affect the Fields: Full Line Fields.
(line 14)
* sidebar, FS and IGNORECASE: Field Splitting Summary.
- (line 37)
+ (line 41)
* sidebar, Piping into sh: Redirection. (line 134)
- * sidebar, Using close()'s Return Value: Close Files And Pipes.
- (line 130)
- * sidebar, A Constant's Base Does Not Affect Its Value: Nondecimal-numbers.
+ * sidebar, A Constantâs Base Does Not Affect Its Value: Nondecimal-numbers.
(line 63)
* sidebar, Pre-POSIX awk Used OFMT for String Conversion: Strings And Numbers.
(line 54)
@@@ -39346,620 -39268,619 +39350,621 @@@
Tag Table:
- Node: Top1200
- Node: Foreword345918
- Node: Foreword450360
- Node: Preface51892
- Ref: Preface-Footnote-154754
- Ref: Preface-Footnote-254863
- Ref: Preface-Footnote-355097
- Node: History55239
- Node: Names57591
- Ref: Names-Footnote-158695
- Node: This Manual58842
- Ref: This Manual-Footnote-165481
- Node: Conventions65581
- Node: Manual History67950
- Ref: Manual History-Footnote-170947
- Ref: Manual History-Footnote-270988
- Node: How To Contribute71062
- Node: Acknowledgments71984
- Node: Getting Started76921
- Node: Running gawk79360
- Node: One-shot80550
- Node: Read Terminal81813
- Node: Long83806
- Node: Executable Scripts85319
- Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-187952
- Node: Comments88055
- Node: Quoting90539
- Node: DOS Quoting96065
- Node: Sample Data Files98121
- Node: Very Simple100716
- Node: Two Rules106818
- Node: More Complex108703
- Node: Statements/Lines111035
- Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-1115803
- Node: Other Features116068
- Node: When117004
- Ref: When-Footnote-1118758
- Node: Intro Summary118823
- Node: Invoking Gawk119707
- Node: Command Line121221
- Node: Options122019
- Ref: Options-Footnote-1140268
- Ref: Options-Footnote-2140499
- Node: Other Arguments140524
- Node: Naming Standard Input144535
- Node: Environment Variables145745
- Node: AWKPATH Variable146303
- Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1149715
- Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-2149749
- Node: AWKLIBPATH Variable150120
- Ref: AWKLIBPATH Variable-Footnote-1151817
- Node: Other Environment Variables152192
- Node: Exit Status156480
- Node: Include Files157157
- Node: Loading Shared Libraries160847
- Node: Obsolete162275
- Node: Undocumented162895
- Node: Invoking Summary163192
- Node: Regexp166033
- Node: Regexp Usage167487
- Node: Escape Sequences169524
- Node: Regexp Operators175766
- Node: Regexp Operator Details176251
- Ref: Regexp Operator Details-Footnote-1183615
- Node: Interval Expressions183762
- Ref: Interval Expressions-Footnote-1185937
- Node: Bracket Expressions186035
- Ref: table-char-classes188511
- Node: Leftmost Longest191838
- Node: Computed Regexps193141
- Node: GNU Regexp Operators196568
- Node: Case-sensitivity200364
- Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1203230
- Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2203465
- Node: Regexp Summary203573
- Node: Reading Files205039
- Node: Records207308
- Node: awk split records208383
- Node: gawk split records213083
- Ref: gawk split records-Footnote-1218157
- Node: Fields218194
- Node: Nonconstant Fields220935
- Ref: Nonconstant Fields-Footnote-1223171
- Node: Changing Fields223375
- Node: Field Separators229406
- Node: Default Field Splitting232161
- Node: Regexp Field Splitting233279
- Node: Single Character Fields236956
- Node: Comma Separated Fields238010
- Ref: table-csv-examples239274
- Node: Command Line Field Separator240170
- Node: Full Line Fields243387
- Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-1244909
- Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-2244955
- Node: Field Splitting Summary245056
- Node: Constant Size247236
- Node: Fixed width data247968
- Node: Skipping intervening251435
- Node: Allowing trailing data252233
- Node: Fields with fixed data253270
- Node: Splitting By Content254788
- Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1258862
- Node: More CSV259025
- Node: FS versus FPAT260640
- Node: Testing field creation261800
- Node: Multiple Line263425
- Node: Getline269702
- Node: Plain Getline272171
- Node: Getline/Variable274744
- Node: Getline/File275895
- Node: Getline/Variable/File277283
- Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1278888
- Node: Getline/Pipe278976
- Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe281680
- Node: Getline/Coprocess282815
- Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess284082
- Node: Getline Notes284824
- Node: Getline Summary287621
- Ref: table-getline-variants288045
- Node: Read Timeout288794
- Ref: Read Timeout-Footnote-1292710
- Node: Retrying Input292768
- Node: Command-line directories293967
- Node: Input Summary294873
- Node: Input Exercises298045
- Node: Printing298479
- Node: Print300313
- Node: Print Examples301770
- Node: Output Separators304550
- Node: OFMT306567
- Node: Printf307923
- Node: Basic Printf308708
- Node: Control Letters310282
- Node: Format Modifiers315444
- Node: Printf Examples321459
- Node: Redirection323945
- Node: Special FD330786
- Ref: Special FD-Footnote-1333954
- Node: Special Files334028
- Node: Other Inherited Files334645
- Node: Special Network335646
- Node: Special Caveats336506
- Node: Close Files And Pipes337455
- Ref: table-close-pipe-return-values344362
- Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1345176
- Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-2345324
- Node: Nonfatal345476
- Node: Output Summary347814
- Node: Output Exercises349036
- Node: Expressions349715
- Node: Values350903
- Node: Constants351581
- Node: Scalar Constants352272
- Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1354782
- Node: Nondecimal-numbers355032
- Node: Regexp Constants358033
- Node: Using Constant Regexps358559
- Node: Standard Regexp Constants359181
- Node: Strong Regexp Constants362369
- Node: Variables366084
- Node: Using Variables366741
- Node: Assignment Options368651
- Node: Conversion371122
- Node: Strings And Numbers371646
- Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1374709
- Node: Locale influences conversions374818
- Ref: table-locale-affects377576
- Node: All Operators378195
- Node: Arithmetic Ops378824
- Node: Concatenation381540
- Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1384387
- Node: Assignment Ops384494
- Ref: table-assign-ops389485
- Node: Increment Ops390799
- Node: Truth Values and Conditions394259
- Node: Truth Values395333
- Node: Typing and Comparison396381
- Node: Variable Typing397201
- Ref: Variable Typing-Footnote-1403664
- Ref: Variable Typing-Footnote-2403736
- Node: Comparison Operators403813
- Ref: table-relational-ops404232
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- Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-1409423
- Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-2409562
- Node: Boolean Ops409646
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- Node: Conditional Exp414220
- Node: Function Calls415956
- Node: Precedence419833
- Node: Locales423492
- Node: Expressions Summary425124
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- Node: Pattern Overview428817
- Node: Regexp Patterns430494
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- Node: BEGIN/END437925
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- Node: I/O And BEGIN/END441546
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- Node: Action Overview449681
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- Node: Numeric Array Subscripts530037
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- Node: Multidimensional536649
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- Node: Built-in549234
- Node: Calling Built-in550387
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- Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6610880
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- Node: Function Calling632861
- Node: Calling A Function633449
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- Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2663380
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- Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2680928
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- Node: Two-way I/O880281
- Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1888007
- Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2888194
- Node: TCP/IP Networking888276
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- Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1920963
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- Node: Programmer i18n921313
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- Node: Global Namespace982948
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- Ref: table-ieee-formats1005503
- Node: MPFR features1006071
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- Node: Setting the rounding mode1024513
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- Node: Plugin License1043496
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- Node: General Data Types1057253
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- Node: Memory Allocation Functions1066258
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- Node: Input Parsers1083979
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- Node: Printing Messages1103477
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- Node: Requesting Values1105540
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- Node: Symbol Table Access1108623
- Node: Symbol table by name1109135
- Ref: Symbol table by name-Footnote-11112160
- Node: Symbol table by cookie1112288
- Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11116473
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- Node: Array Functions1124104
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- Node: Redirection API1140632
- Node: Extension API Variables1143465
- Node: Extension Versioning1144176
- Ref: gawk-api-version1144605
- Node: Extension GMP/MPFR Versioning1146337
- Node: Extension API Informational Variables1147965
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- Node: Extension Example1155143
- Node: Internal File Description1155941
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- Node: Extension Samples1174168
- Node: Extension Sample File Functions1175697
- Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1183346
- Node: Extension Sample Fork1184833
- Node: Extension Sample Inplace1186051
- Node: Extension Sample Ord1189677
- Node: Extension Sample Readdir1190513
- Ref: table-readdir-file-types1191402
- Node: Extension Sample Revout1192470
- Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1193059
- Node: Extension Sample Read write array1193799
- Node: Extension Sample Readfile1196985
- Node: Extension Sample Time1198080
- Node: Extension Sample API Tests1199832
- Node: gawkextlib1200324
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- Node: Extension Exercises1206944
- Node: Language History1208186
- Node: V7/SVR3.11209842
- Node: SVR41211994
- Node: POSIX1213428
- Node: BTL1214809
- Node: POSIX/GNU1215538
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- Node: Distribution contents1257362
- Node: Unix Installation1264860
- Node: Quick Installation1265664
- Node: Compiling with MPFR1268084
- Node: Shell Startup Files1268774
- Node: Additional Configuration Options1269863
- Node: Configuration Philosophy1272178
- Node: Compiling from Git1274574
- Node: Building the Documentation1275129
- Node: Non-Unix Installation1276513
- Node: PC Installation1276977
- Node: PC Binary Installation1277822
- Node: PC Compiling1278695
- Node: PC Using1279801
- Node: Cygwin1283297
- Node: MSYS1284521
- Node: OpenVMS Installation1285123
- Node: OpenVMS Compilation1285784
- Ref: OpenVMS Compilation-Footnote-11287207
- Node: OpenVMS Dynamic Extensions1287265
- Node: OpenVMS Installation Details1288877
- Node: OpenVMS Running1291172
- Node: OpenVMS GNV1295173
- Node: Bugs1295916
- Node: Bug definition1296828
- Node: Bug address1300330
- Node: Usenet1303849
- Node: Performance bugs1305038
- Node: Asking for help1307959
- Node: Maintainers1309926
- Node: Other Versions1310933
- Node: Installation summary1319516
- Node: Notes1320856
- Node: Compatibility Mode1321650
- Node: Additions1322432
- Node: Accessing The Source1323357
- Node: Adding Code1324852
- Node: New Ports1331667
- Node: Derived Files1336042
- Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11341701
- Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21341736
- Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31342331
- Node: Future Extensions1342445
- Node: Implementation Limitations1343103
- Node: Extension Design1344313
- Node: Old Extension Problems1345457
- Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11346975
- Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1347032
- Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11350396
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- Node: Basic Concepts1354462
- Node: Basic High Level1355143
- Ref: figure-general-flow1355425
- Ref: figure-process-flow1356111
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- Node: Basic Data Typing1359598
- Node: Glossary1362926
- Node: Copying1394813
- Node: GNU Free Documentation License1432356
- Node: Index1457476
+ Node: Top1229
-Node: Foreword346679
-Node: Foreword451279
-Node: Preface52828
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-Ref: Preface-Footnote-255929
-Ref: Preface-Footnote-356163
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-Node: Names58773
-Ref: Names-Footnote-159936
-Node: This Manual60099
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-Node: Manual History69639
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-Node: How To Contribute72801
-Node: Acknowledgments73751
-Node: Getting Started78749
-Node: Running gawk81276
-Node: One-shot82494
-Node: Read Terminal83797
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-Node: Quoting92858
-Node: DOS Quoting98507
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-Node: Regexp171443
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-Node: Reading Files212286
-Node: Records214603
-Node: awk split records215714
-Node: gawk split records220604
-Ref: gawk split records-Footnote-1225898
-Node: Fields225935
-Node: Nonconstant Fields228822
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-Node: Field Separators237657
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-Node: FS versus FPAT267341
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-Node: Getline276725
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-Node: Getline/Variable281961
-Node: Getline/File283158
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-Node: Getline/Pipe286347
-Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe289160
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-Node: Nondecimal-numbers365692
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-Node: Strong Regexp Constants373305
-Node: Variables377156
-Node: Using Variables377821
-Node: Assignment Options379801
-Node: Conversion382363
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-Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1386114
-Node: Locale influences conversions386223
-Ref: table-locale-affects389073
-Node: All Operators389716
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-Node: Increment Ops402781
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-Node: Truth Values407506
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-Ref: Variable Typing-Footnote-2416175
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-Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-2422273
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-Node: Conditional Exp427146
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-Node: If Statement468348
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-Node: Do Statement472005
-Node: For Statement473191
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-Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2518575
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-Node: Assigning Elements535447
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-Node: Scanning an Array537911
-Node: Controlling Scanning541008
-Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1547671
-Node: Numeric Array Subscripts547995
-Node: Uninitialized Subscripts550269
-Node: Delete551948
-Ref: Delete-Footnote-1554762
-Node: Multidimensional554819
-Node: Multiscanning558024
-Node: Arrays of Arrays559696
-Node: Arrays Summary564596
-Node: Functions566785
-Node: Built-in567845
-Node: Calling Built-in569034
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-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1575844
-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2576528
-Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3576580
-Node: String Functions576856
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-Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2602820
-Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3603080
-Node: Gory Details603167
-Ref: table-sub-escapes605074
-Ref: table-sub-proposed606720
-Ref: table-posix-sub608230
-Ref: table-gensub-escapes609918
-Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1610852
-Node: I/O Functions611006
-Ref: table-system-return-values617693
-Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1619864
-Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-2620012
-Node: Time Functions620132
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1631288
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2631364
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3631526
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4631637
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5631755
-Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6631990
-Node: Bitwise Functions632272
-Ref: table-bitwise-ops632874
-Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1639128
-Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-2639307
-Node: Type Functions639504
-Node: I18N Functions643097
-Node: User-defined644840
-Node: Definition Syntax645660
-Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1651488
-Node: Function Example651565
-Ref: Function Example-Footnote-1654544
-Node: Function Calling654566
-Node: Calling A Function655160
-Node: Variable Scope656130
-Node: Pass By Value/Reference659184
-Node: Function Caveats661916
-Ref: Function Caveats-Footnote-1664011
-Node: Return Statement664135
-Node: Dynamic Typing667190
-Node: Indirect Calls668146
-Node: Functions Summary679305
-Node: Library Functions682082
-Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1685630
-Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2685773
-Node: Library Names685948
-Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1689742
-Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2689969
-Node: General Functions690065
-Node: Strtonum Function691259
-Node: Assert Function694341
-Node: Round Function697793
-Node: Cliff Random Function699371
-Node: Ordinal Functions700404
-Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1703513
-Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2703765
-Node: Join Function703979
-Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1705782
-Node: Getlocaltime Function705986
-Node: Readfile Function709760
-Node: Shell Quoting711789
-Node: Isnumeric Function713245
-Node: Data File Management714657
-Node: Filetrans Function715289
-Node: Rewind Function719583
-Node: File Checking721562
-Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1722934
-Node: Empty Files723141
-Node: Ignoring Assigns725208
-Node: Getopt Function726782
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-Node: Passwd Functions742836
-Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1752018
-Node: Group Functions752106
-Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1760244
-Node: Walking Arrays760457
-Node: Library Functions Summary763505
-Node: Library Exercises764929
-Node: Sample Programs765416
-Node: Running Examples766198
-Node: Clones766950
-Node: Cut Program768222
-Node: Egrep Program778663
-Node: Id Program787980
-Node: Split Program798094
-Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1808329
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-Node: Uniq Program811425
-Node: Wc Program819290
-Node: Bytes vs. Characters819685
-Node: Using extensions821287
-Node: wc program822067
-Node: Miscellaneous Programs827073
-Node: Dupword Program828302
-Node: Alarm Program830365
-Node: Translate Program835278
-Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1840019
-Node: Labels Program840297
-Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1843738
-Node: Word Sorting843830
-Node: History Sorting848024
-Node: Extract Program850299
-Node: Simple Sed858568
-Node: Igawk Program861784
-Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1877031
-Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2877237
-Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3877367
-Node: Anagram Program877494
-Node: Signature Program880590
-Node: Programs Summary881842
-Node: Programs Exercises883100
-Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1887416
-Node: Advanced Features887502
-Node: Nondecimal Data889996
-Node: Boolean Typed Values891626
-Node: Array Sorting893601
-Node: Controlling Array Traversal894330
-Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1902837
-Node: Array Sorting Functions902959
-Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1909078
-Node: Two-way I/O909286
-Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1917281
-Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2917472
-Node: TCP/IP Networking917554
-Node: Profiling920734
-Node: Persistent Memory930444
-Ref: Persistent Memory-Footnote-1938958
-Node: Extension Philosophy939089
-Node: Advanced Features Summary940624
-Node: Internationalization942894
-Node: I18N and L10N944600
-Node: Explaining gettext945295
-Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1951448
-Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2951643
-Node: Programmer i18n951808
-Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1956921
-Node: Translator i18n956970
-Node: String Extraction957806
-Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1958984
-Node: Printf Ordering959082
-Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1961944
-Node: I18N Portability962012
-Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1964586
-Node: I18N Example964657
-Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1968057
-Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-2968133
-Node: Gawk I18N968250
-Node: I18N Summary968906
-Node: Debugger970307
-Node: Debugging971331
-Node: Debugging Concepts971780
-Node: Debugging Terms973606
-Node: Awk Debugging976219
-Ref: Awk Debugging-Footnote-1977196
-Node: Sample Debugging Session977336
-Node: Debugger Invocation977888
-Node: Finding The Bug979517
-Node: List of Debugger Commands986203
-Node: Breakpoint Control987580
-Node: Debugger Execution Control991412
-Node: Viewing And Changing Data994892
-Node: Execution Stack998630
-Node: Debugger Info1000311
-Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands1004610
-Node: Readline Support1009863
-Node: Limitations1010809
-Node: Debugging Summary1013453
-Node: Namespaces1014756
-Node: Global Namespace1015883
-Node: Qualified Names1017328
-Node: Default Namespace1018363
-Node: Changing The Namespace1019138
-Node: Naming Rules1020832
-Node: Internal Name Management1022747
-Node: Namespace Example1023817
-Node: Namespace And Features1026400
-Node: Namespace Summary1027857
-Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic1029370
-Node: Computer Arithmetic1030889
-Ref: table-numeric-ranges1034706
-Ref: table-floating-point-ranges1035204
-Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-11035863
-Node: Math Definitions1035922
-Ref: table-ieee-formats1038967
-Node: MPFR features1039541
-Node: MPFR On Parole1039994
-Ref: MPFR On Parole-Footnote-11040838
-Node: MPFR Intro1040997
-Node: FP Math Caution1042687
-Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-11043761
-Node: Inexactness of computations1044138
-Node: Inexact representation1045169
-Node: Comparing FP Values1046552
-Node: Errors accumulate1047810
-Node: Strange values1049277
-Ref: Strange values-Footnote-11051943
-Node: Getting Accuracy1052048
-Node: Try To Round1054785
-Node: Setting precision1055692
-Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings1056397
-Node: Setting the rounding mode1058282
-Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes1058664
-Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-11062722
-Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers1062905
-Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-11066117
-Node: Checking for MPFR1066273
-Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems1067763
-Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-11072627
-Node: Floating point summary1072665
-Node: Dynamic Extensions1074929
-Node: Extension Intro1076528
-Node: Plugin License1077836
-Node: Extension Mechanism Outline1078649
-Ref: figure-load-extension1079100
-Ref: figure-register-new-function1080680
-Ref: figure-call-new-function1081785
-Node: Extension API Description1083904
-Node: Extension API Functions Introduction1085633
-Ref: table-api-std-headers1087531
-Node: General Data Types1091995
-Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-11101163
-Node: Memory Allocation Functions1101478
-Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-11106203
-Node: Constructor Functions1106302
-Node: API Ownership of MPFR and GMP Values1110207
-Node: Registration Functions1111768
-Node: Extension Functions1112472
-Node: Exit Callback Functions1118048
-Node: Extension Version String1119367
-Node: Input Parsers1120062
-Node: Output Wrappers1133436
-Node: Two-way processors1138144
-Node: Printing Messages1140505
-Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-11141719
-Node: Updating ERRNO1141874
-Node: Requesting Values1142673
-Ref: table-value-types-returned1143426
-Node: Accessing Parameters1144535
-Node: Symbol Table Access1145819
-Node: Symbol table by name1146335
-Ref: Symbol table by name-Footnote-11149546
-Node: Symbol table by cookie1149678
-Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11153959
-Node: Cached values1154023
-Ref: Cached values-Footnote-11157667
-Node: Array Manipulation1157824
-Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-11158927
-Node: Array Data Types1158964
-Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-11161786
-Node: Array Functions1161886
-Node: Flattening Arrays1166915
-Node: Creating Arrays1173967
-Node: Redirection API1178817
-Node: Extension API Variables1181838
-Node: Extension Versioning1182563
-Ref: gawk-api-version1183000
-Node: Extension GMP/MPFR Versioning1184788
-Node: Extension API Informational Variables1186494
-Node: Extension API Boilerplate1187655
-Node: Changes from API V11191791
-Node: Finding Extensions1193425
-Node: Extension Example1194000
-Node: Internal File Description1194824
-Node: Internal File Ops1199148
-Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11210706
-Node: Using Internal File Ops1210854
-Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11213285
-Node: Extension Samples1213563
-Node: Extension Sample File Functions1215132
-Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1223270
-Node: Extension Sample Fork1224865
-Node: Extension Sample Inplace1226141
-Node: Extension Sample Ord1229813
-Node: Extension Sample Readdir1230689
-Ref: table-readdir-file-types1231586
-Node: Extension Sample Revout1232724
-Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1233321
-Node: Extension Sample Read write array1234073
-Node: Extension Sample Readfile1237347
-Node: Extension Sample Time1238478
-Node: Extension Sample API Tests1240294
-Node: gawkextlib1240802
-Node: Extension summary1243838
-Node: Extension Exercises1247696
-Node: Language History1248974
-Node: V7/SVR3.11250688
-Node: SVR41253038
-Node: POSIX1254570
-Node: BTL1255995
-Node: POSIX/GNU1256764
-Node: Feature History1263295
-Node: Common Extensions1282360
-Node: Ranges and Locales1283729
-Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11288530
-Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21288557
-Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31288796
-Node: Contributors1289019
-Node: History summary1295224
-Node: Installation1296670
-Node: Gawk Distribution1297634
-Node: Getting1298126
-Node: Extracting1299125
-Node: Distribution contents1300837
-Node: Unix Installation1308917
-Node: Quick Installation1309739
-Node: Compiling with MPFR1312285
-Node: Shell Startup Files1312991
-Node: Additional Configuration Options1314148
-Node: Configuration Philosophy1316535
-Node: Compiling from Git1319037
-Node: Building the Documentation1319596
-Node: Non-Unix Installation1321008
-Node: PC Installation1321484
-Node: PC Binary Installation1322357
-Node: PC Compiling1323262
-Node: PC Using1324440
-Node: Cygwin1328168
-Node: MSYS1329424
-Node: OpenVMS Installation1330056
-Node: OpenVMS Compilation1330737
-Ref: OpenVMS Compilation-Footnote-11332220
-Node: OpenVMS Dynamic Extensions1332282
-Node: OpenVMS Installation Details1333918
-Node: OpenVMS Running1336353
-Node: OpenVMS GNV1340490
-Node: Bugs1341245
-Node: Bug definition1342169
-Node: Bug address1345820
-Node: Usenet1349411
-Node: Performance bugs1350642
-Node: Asking for help1353660
-Node: Maintainers1355651
-Node: Other Versions1356678
-Node: Installation summary1365610
-Node: Notes1366994
-Node: Compatibility Mode1367804
-Node: Additions1368626
-Node: Accessing The Source1369571
-Node: Adding Code1371106
-Node: New Ports1378242
-Node: Derived Files1382752
-Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11388599
-Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21388634
-Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31389251
-Node: Future Extensions1389365
-Node: Implementation Limitations1390037
-Node: Extension Design1391279
-Node: Old Extension Problems1392443
-Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11394019
-Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1394080
-Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11397576
-Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1397777
-Node: Extension Future Growth1399976
-Node: Notes summary1400600
-Node: Basic Concepts1401813
-Node: Basic High Level1402498
-Ref: figure-general-flow1402780
-Ref: figure-process-flow1403482
-Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11406878
-Node: Basic Data Typing1407067
-Node: Glossary1410485
-Node: Copying1443607
-Node: GNU Free Documentation License1481368
-Node: Index1506691
++Node: Foreword346743
++Node: Foreword451343
++Node: Preface52892
++Ref: Preface-Footnote-155884
++Ref: Preface-Footnote-255993
++Ref: Preface-Footnote-356227
++Node: History56373
++Node: Names58837
++Ref: Names-Footnote-160000
++Node: This Manual60163
++Ref: This Manual-Footnote-167113
++Node: Conventions67225
++Node: Manual History69703
++Ref: Manual History-Footnote-172740
++Ref: Manual History-Footnote-272787
++Node: How To Contribute72865
++Node: Acknowledgments73815
++Node: Getting Started78813
++Node: Running gawk81340
++Node: One-shot82558
++Node: Read Terminal83861
++Node: Long85921
++Node: Executable Scripts87502
++Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-190277
++Node: Comments90384
++Node: Quoting92922
++Node: DOS Quoting98571
++Node: Sample Data Files100657
++Node: Very Simple103294
++Node: Two Rules109573
++Node: More Complex111527
++Node: Statements/Lines113967
++Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-1118847
++Node: Other Features119136
++Node: When120104
++Ref: When-Footnote-1121910
++Node: Intro Summary121975
++Node: Invoking Gawk122931
++Node: Command Line124501
++Node: Options125352
++Ref: Options-Footnote-1144501
++Ref: Options-Footnote-2144736
++Node: Other Arguments144761
++Node: Naming Standard Input148938
++Node: Environment Variables150208
++Node: AWKPATH Variable150782
++Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1154372
++Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-2154406
++Node: AWKLIBPATH Variable154799
++Ref: AWKLIBPATH Variable-Footnote-1156574
++Node: Other Environment Variables156971
++Node: Exit Status161467
++Node: Include Files162182
++Node: Loading Shared Libraries166053
++Node: Obsolete167545
++Node: Undocumented168181
++Node: Invoking Summary168480
++Node: Regexp171507
++Node: Regexp Usage173001
++Node: Escape Sequences175102
++Node: Regexp Operators181633
++Node: Regexp Operator Details182126
++Ref: Regexp Operator Details-Footnote-1189992
++Node: Interval Expressions190151
++Ref: Interval Expressions-Footnote-1192420
++Node: Bracket Expressions192520
++Ref: table-char-classes195080
++Node: Leftmost Longest198602
++Node: Computed Regexps199962
++Node: GNU Regexp Operators203485
++Node: Case-sensitivity207508
++Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-1210465
++Ref: Case-sensitivity-Footnote-2210710
++Node: Regexp Summary210826
++Node: Reading Files212350
++Node: Records214667
++Node: awk split records215778
++Node: gawk split records220668
++Ref: gawk split records-Footnote-1225962
++Node: Fields225999
++Node: Nonconstant Fields228886
++Ref: Nonconstant Fields-Footnote-1231197
++Node: Changing Fields231413
++Node: Field Separators237721
++Node: Default Field Splitting240594
++Node: Regexp Field Splitting241737
++Node: Single Character Fields245566
++Node: Comma Separated Fields246655
++Ref: table-csv-examples247943
++Node: Command Line Field Separator248895
++Node: Full Line Fields252281
++Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-1253861
++Ref: Full Line Fields-Footnote-2253907
++Node: Field Splitting Summary254015
++Node: Constant Size256294
++Node: Fixed width data257038
++Node: Skipping intervening260557
++Node: Allowing trailing data261359
++Node: Fields with fixed data262424
++Node: Splitting By Content264050
++Ref: Splitting By Content-Footnote-1268235
++Node: More CSV268398
++Node: FS versus FPAT270051
++Node: Testing field creation271260
++Node: Multiple Line272953
++Node: Getline279435
++Node: Plain Getline282021
++Node: Getline/Variable284671
++Node: Getline/File285868
++Node: Getline/Variable/File287316
++Ref: Getline/Variable/File-Footnote-1288961
++Node: Getline/Pipe289057
++Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe291870
++Node: Getline/Coprocess293053
++Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess294376
++Node: Getline Notes295142
++Node: Getline Summary298103
++Ref: table-getline-variants298547
++Node: Read Timeout299452
++Ref: Read Timeout-Footnote-1303416
++Node: Retrying Input303474
++Node: Command-line directories304741
++Node: Input Summary305679
++Node: Input Exercises309059
++Node: Printing309499
++Node: Print311385
++Node: Print Examples312891
++Node: Output Separators315744
++Node: OFMT317855
++Node: Printf319278
++Node: Basic Printf320083
++Node: Control Letters321719
++Node: Format Modifiers327188
++Node: Printf Examples333474
++Node: Redirection336019
++Node: Special FD343093
++Ref: Special FD-Footnote-1346383
++Node: Special Files346469
++Node: Other Inherited Files347098
++Node: Special Network348163
++Node: Special Caveats349051
++Node: Close Files And Pipes350034
++Ref: Close Files And Pipes-Footnote-1356171
++Node: Close Return Value356327
++Ref: table-close-pipe-return-values357602
++Ref: Close Return Value-Footnote-1358436
++Node: Nonfatal358592
++Node: Output Summary361023
++Node: Output Exercises362309
++Node: Expressions363000
++Node: Values364202
++Node: Constants364880
++Node: Scalar Constants365577
++Ref: Scalar Constants-Footnote-1368152
++Node: Nondecimal-numbers368402
++Node: Regexp Constants371523
++Node: Using Constant Regexps372069
++Node: Standard Regexp Constants372715
++Node: Strong Regexp Constants376015
++Node: Variables379866
++Node: Using Variables380531
++Node: Assignment Options382511
++Node: Conversion385073
++Node: Strings And Numbers385605
++Ref: Strings And Numbers-Footnote-1388824
++Node: Locale influences conversions388933
++Ref: table-locale-affects391783
++Node: All Operators392426
++Node: Arithmetic Ops393067
++Node: Concatenation395897
++Ref: Concatenation-Footnote-1398847
++Node: Assignment Ops398970
++Ref: table-assign-ops404109
++Node: Increment Ops405491
++Node: Truth Values and Conditions409090
++Node: Truth Values410216
++Node: Typing and Comparison411307
++Node: Variable Typing412143
++Ref: Variable Typing-Footnote-1418805
++Ref: Variable Typing-Footnote-2418885
++Node: Comparison Operators418968
++Ref: table-relational-ops419395
++Node: POSIX String Comparison423081
++Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-1424840
++Ref: POSIX String Comparison-Footnote-2424983
++Node: Boolean Ops425067
++Ref: Boolean Ops-Footnote-1429760
++Node: Conditional Exp429856
++Node: Function Calls431642
++Node: Precedence435592
++Node: Locales439469
++Node: Expressions Summary441151
++Node: Patterns and Actions443814
++Node: Pattern Overview444956
++Node: Regexp Patterns446682
++Node: Expression Patterns447228
++Node: Ranges451137
++Node: BEGIN/END454315
++Node: Using BEGIN/END455128
++Ref: Using BEGIN/END-Footnote-1458038
++Node: I/O And BEGIN/END458148
++Node: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE460629
++Node: Empty464070
++Node: Using Shell Variables464387
++Node: Action Overview466725
++Node: Statements469160
++Node: If Statement471058
++Node: While Statement472627
++Node: Do Statement474715
++Node: For Statement475901
++Node: Switch Statement479258
++Node: Break Statement481809
++Node: Continue Statement484001
++Node: Next Statement485933
++Node: Nextfile Statement488430
++Node: Exit Statement491291
++Node: Built-in Variables493824
++Node: User-modified495003
++Node: Auto-set503214
++Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1521067
++Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2521285
++Node: ARGC and ARGV521341
++Node: Pattern Action Summary525780
++Node: Arrays528396
++Node: Array Basics529773
++Node: Array Intro530623
++Ref: figure-array-elements532639
++Ref: Array Intro-Footnote-1535503
++Node: Reference to Elements535635
++Node: Assigning Elements538157
++Node: Array Example538652
++Node: Scanning an Array540621
++Node: Controlling Scanning543718
++Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1550381
++Node: Numeric Array Subscripts550705
++Node: Uninitialized Subscripts552979
++Node: Delete554658
++Ref: Delete-Footnote-1557472
++Node: Multidimensional557529
++Node: Multiscanning560734
++Node: Arrays of Arrays562406
++Node: Arrays Summary567306
++Node: Functions569495
++Node: Built-in570555
++Node: Calling Built-in571744
++Node: Boolean Functions573791
++Node: Numeric Functions574361
++Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1578554
++Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2579238
++Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3579290
++Node: String Functions579566
++Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1605702
++Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2605836
++Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3606096
++Node: Gory Details606183
++Ref: table-sub-escapes608090
++Ref: table-sub-proposed609736
++Ref: table-posix-sub611246
++Ref: table-gensub-escapes612934
++Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1613868
++Node: I/O Functions614022
++Ref: table-system-return-values620709
++Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1622880
++Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-2623028
++Node: Time Functions623148
++Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1634304
++Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2634380
++Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3634542
++Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4634653
++Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5634771
++Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6635006
++Node: Bitwise Functions635288
++Ref: table-bitwise-ops635890
++Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1642144
++Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-2642323
++Node: Type Functions642520
++Node: I18N Functions646113
++Node: User-defined647856
++Node: Definition Syntax648676
++Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1654504
++Node: Function Example654581
++Ref: Function Example-Footnote-1657560
++Node: Function Calling657582
++Node: Calling A Function658176
++Node: Variable Scope659146
++Node: Pass By Value/Reference662200
++Node: Function Caveats664932
++Ref: Function Caveats-Footnote-1667027
++Node: Return Statement667151
++Node: Dynamic Typing670206
++Node: Indirect Calls671162
++Node: Functions Summary682321
++Node: Library Functions685098
++Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1688646
++Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2688789
++Node: Library Names688964
++Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1692758
++Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2692985
++Node: General Functions693081
++Node: Strtonum Function694275
++Node: Assert Function697357
++Node: Round Function700809
++Node: Cliff Random Function702387
++Node: Ordinal Functions703420
++Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1706529
++Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2706781
++Node: Join Function706995
++Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1708798
++Node: Getlocaltime Function709002
++Node: Readfile Function712776
++Node: Shell Quoting714805
++Node: Isnumeric Function716261
++Node: Data File Management717673
++Node: Filetrans Function718305
++Node: Rewind Function722599
++Node: File Checking724578
++Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1725950
++Node: Empty Files726157
++Node: Ignoring Assigns728224
++Node: Getopt Function729798
++Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1745640
++Node: Passwd Functions745852
++Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1755034
++Node: Group Functions755122
++Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1763260
++Node: Walking Arrays763473
++Node: Library Functions Summary766521
++Node: Library Exercises767945
++Node: Sample Programs768432
++Node: Running Examples769214
++Node: Clones769966
++Node: Cut Program771238
++Node: Egrep Program781679
++Node: Id Program790996
++Node: Split Program801110
++Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1811345
++Node: Tee Program811532
++Node: Uniq Program814441
++Node: Wc Program822306
++Node: Bytes vs. Characters822701
++Node: Using extensions824303
++Node: wc program825083
++Node: Miscellaneous Programs830089
++Node: Dupword Program831318
++Node: Alarm Program833381
++Node: Translate Program838294
++Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1843035
++Node: Labels Program843313
++Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1846754
++Node: Word Sorting846846
++Node: History Sorting851040
++Node: Extract Program853315
++Node: Simple Sed861584
++Node: Igawk Program864800
++Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1880047
++Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2880253
++Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3880383
++Node: Anagram Program880510
++Node: Signature Program883606
++Node: Programs Summary884858
++Node: Programs Exercises886116
++Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1890432
++Node: Advanced Features890518
++Node: Nondecimal Data893012
++Node: Boolean Typed Values894642
++Node: Array Sorting896617
++Node: Controlling Array Traversal897346
++Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1905853
++Node: Array Sorting Functions905975
++Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1912094
++Node: Two-way I/O912302
++Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1920297
++Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2920488
++Node: TCP/IP Networking920570
++Node: Profiling923750
++Node: Persistent Memory933460
++Ref: Persistent Memory-Footnote-1941974
++Node: Extension Philosophy942105
++Node: Advanced Features Summary943640
++Node: Internationalization945910
++Node: I18N and L10N947616
++Node: Explaining gettext948311
++Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1954464
++Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2954659
++Node: Programmer i18n954824
++Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1959937
++Node: Translator i18n959986
++Node: String Extraction960822
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++Node: Printf Ordering962098
++Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1964960
++Node: I18N Portability965028
++Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1967602
++Node: I18N Example967673
++Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1971073
++Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-2971149
++Node: Gawk I18N971266
++Node: I18N Summary971922
++Node: Debugger973323
++Node: Debugging974347
++Node: Debugging Concepts974796
++Node: Debugging Terms976622
++Node: Awk Debugging979235
++Ref: Awk Debugging-Footnote-1980212
++Node: Sample Debugging Session980352
++Node: Debugger Invocation980904
++Node: Finding The Bug982533
++Node: List of Debugger Commands989219
++Node: Breakpoint Control990596
++Node: Debugger Execution Control994428
++Node: Viewing And Changing Data997908
++Node: Execution Stack1001646
++Node: Debugger Info1003327
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++Node: Readline Support1012879
++Node: Limitations1013825
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++Node: Changing The Namespace1022154
++Node: Naming Rules1023848
++Node: Internal Name Management1025763
++Node: Namespace Example1026833
++Node: Namespace And Features1029416
++Node: Namespace Summary1030873
++Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic1032386
++Node: Computer Arithmetic1033905
++Ref: table-numeric-ranges1037722
++Ref: table-floating-point-ranges1038220
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++Node: MPFR features1042557
++Node: MPFR On Parole1043010
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++Node: FP Math Caution1045703
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++Node: Inexactness of computations1047154
++Node: Inexact representation1048185
++Node: Comparing FP Values1049568
++Node: Errors accumulate1050826
++Node: Strange values1052293
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++Node: Getting Accuracy1055064
++Node: Try To Round1057801
++Node: Setting precision1058708
++Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings1059413
++Node: Setting the rounding mode1061298
++Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes1061680
++Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-11065738
++Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers1065921
++Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-11069133
++Node: Checking for MPFR1069289
++Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems1070779
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++Node: Floating point summary1075681
++Node: Dynamic Extensions1077945
++Node: Extension Intro1079544
++Node: Plugin License1080852
++Node: Extension Mechanism Outline1081665
++Ref: figure-load-extension1082116
++Ref: figure-register-new-function1083696
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++Node: Extension API Description1086920
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++Ref: table-api-std-headers1090547
++Node: General Data Types1095011
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++Node: Memory Allocation Functions1104494
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++Node: Constructor Functions1109318
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++Node: Updating ERRNO1144890
++Node: Requesting Values1145689
++Ref: table-value-types-returned1146442
++Node: Accessing Parameters1147551
++Node: Symbol Table Access1148835
++Node: Symbol table by name1149351
++Ref: Symbol table by name-Footnote-11152562
++Node: Symbol table by cookie1152694
++Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11156975
++Node: Cached values1157039
++Ref: Cached values-Footnote-11160683
++Node: Array Manipulation1160840
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++Node: Array Functions1164902
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++Node: Redirection API1181833
++Node: Extension API Variables1184854
++Node: Extension Versioning1185579
++Ref: gawk-api-version1186016
++Node: Extension GMP/MPFR Versioning1187804
++Node: Extension API Informational Variables1189510
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++Node: Finding Extensions1196441
++Node: Extension Example1197016
++Node: Internal File Description1197840
++Node: Internal File Ops1202164
++Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11213722
++Node: Using Internal File Ops1213870
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++Node: Extension Samples1216579
++Node: Extension Sample File Functions1218148
++Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1226286
++Node: Extension Sample Fork1227881
++Node: Extension Sample Inplace1229157
++Node: Extension Sample Ord1232829
++Node: Extension Sample Readdir1233705
++Ref: table-readdir-file-types1234602
++Node: Extension Sample Revout1235740
++Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1236337
++Node: Extension Sample Read write array1237089
++Node: Extension Sample Readfile1240363
++Node: Extension Sample Time1241494
++Node: Extension Sample API Tests1243310
++Node: gawkextlib1243818
++Node: Extension summary1246854
++Node: Extension Exercises1250712
++Node: Language History1251990
++Node: V7/SVR3.11253704
++Node: SVR41256054
++Node: POSIX1257586
++Node: BTL1259011
++Node: POSIX/GNU1259780
++Node: Feature History1266311
++Node: Common Extensions1285674
++Node: Ranges and Locales1287043
++Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11291844
++Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21291871
++Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31292110
++Node: Contributors1292333
++Node: History summary1298538
++Node: Installation1299984
++Node: Gawk Distribution1300948
++Node: Getting1301440
++Node: Extracting1302439
++Node: Distribution contents1304151
++Node: Unix Installation1312231
++Node: Quick Installation1313053
++Node: Compiling with MPFR1315599
++Node: Shell Startup Files1316305
++Node: Additional Configuration Options1317462
++Node: Configuration Philosophy1319849
++Node: Compiling from Git1322351
++Node: Building the Documentation1322910
++Node: Non-Unix Installation1324322
++Node: PC Installation1324798
++Node: PC Binary Installation1325671
++Node: PC Compiling1326576
++Node: PC Using1327754
++Node: Cygwin1331482
++Node: MSYS1332738
++Node: OpenVMS Installation1333370
++Node: OpenVMS Compilation1334051
++Ref: OpenVMS Compilation-Footnote-11335534
++Node: OpenVMS Dynamic Extensions1335596
++Node: OpenVMS Installation Details1337232
++Node: OpenVMS Running1339667
++Node: OpenVMS GNV1343804
++Node: Bugs1344559
++Node: Bug definition1345483
++Node: Bug address1349134
++Node: Usenet1352725
++Node: Performance bugs1353956
++Node: Asking for help1356974
++Node: Maintainers1358965
++Node: Other Versions1359992
++Node: Installation summary1368924
++Node: Notes1370308
++Node: Compatibility Mode1371118
++Node: Additions1371940
++Node: Accessing The Source1372885
++Node: Adding Code1374420
++Node: New Ports1381556
++Node: Derived Files1386066
++Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11391913
++Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21391948
++Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31392565
++Node: Future Extensions1392679
++Node: Implementation Limitations1393351
++Node: Extension Design1394593
++Node: Old Extension Problems1395757
++Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11397333
++Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1397394
++Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11400890
++Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1401091
++Node: Extension Future Growth1403290
++Node: Notes summary1403914
++Node: Basic Concepts1405127
++Node: Basic High Level1405812
++Ref: figure-general-flow1406094
++Ref: figure-process-flow1406796
++Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11410192
++Node: Basic Data Typing1410381
++Node: Glossary1413799
++Node: Copying1446921
++Node: GNU Free Documentation License1484682
++Node: Index1510005
End Tag Table
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of changes:
ChangeLog | 5 +
NEWS | 15 +-
README | 2 +-
build-aux/ChangeLog | 4 +
build-aux/texinfo.tex | 231 +-
doc/ChangeLog | 13 +
doc/gawk.info | 22493 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------
doc/gawk.texi | 128 +-
doc/gawktexi.in | 55 +-
doc/texinfo.tex | 231 +-
10 files changed, 11603 insertions(+), 11574 deletions(-)
hooks/post-receive
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gawk
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Arnold Robbins <=