bug#50493: Update go-build-system to use Go 1.17.

[Leo Famulari]

On Sun, Dec 19, 2021 at 10:19:02AM +0200, Efraim Flashner wrote:
> All of go is blocked on aarch64 with binutils-gold not compiling. I have
> a patch locally to add gcc:lib for (target-arm?) to go-1.17 which I'll
> push after testing with binutils-gold. I think going straight to 1.17 is
> fine, there's no regression against the current support for aarch64.

Oh, good point.

Based on the attached patches (rebased / adjusted for current master),
I'll proceed with testing the build of all Go packages on x86_64-linux.

0001-build-system-go-Add-substitutable-argument.patch
Description: Text document

0002-build-system-go-Initialize-build-cache-from-input-pa.patch
Description: Text document

0003-build-system-go-Add-pre-built-standard-library-as-im.patch
Description: Text document

0004-build-system-go-Use-go-1.17-by-default.patch
Description: Text document

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