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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy nonfree-games.zh-tw.html pirate-... |
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Date: |
Thu, 18 Nov 2021 11:31:17 -0500 (EST) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/11/18 11:31:17
Modified files:
philosophy : nonfree-games.zh-tw.html pirate-party.ml.html
Added files:
philosophy/po : nonfree-games.zh-tw-diff.html
pirate-party.ml-diff.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/nonfree-games.zh-tw.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/pirate-party.ml.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=1.5
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/nonfree-games.zh-tw-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/pirate-party.ml-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: nonfree-games.zh-tw.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/nonfree-games.zh-tw.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- nonfree-games.zh-tw.html 14 Aug 2020 03:29:55 -0000 1.1
+++ nonfree-games.zh-tw.html 18 Nov 2021 16:31:16 -0000 1.2
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/nonfree-games.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/nonfree-games.zh-tw.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/nonfree-games.zh-tw.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/nonfree-games.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE"
value="/philosophy/po/nonfree-games.zh-tw-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-09-19" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/nonfree-games.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.zh-tw.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
@@ -8,6 +13,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/nonfree-games.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.zh-tw.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.zh-tw.html" -->
<h2>GNU/Linux ä¸çéèªç± DRM éæ²ï¼å¥½æå£ï¼</h2>
<p>ä½è
çº <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
@@ -123,7 +129,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
æ´æ°æé︰
-$Date: 2020/08/14 03:29:55 $
+$Date: 2021/11/18 16:31:16 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: pirate-party.ml.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/pirate-party.ml.html,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- pirate-party.ml.html 3 May 2020 17:32:40 -0000 1.4
+++ pirate-party.ml.html 18 Nov 2021 16:31:16 -0000 1.5
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/pirate-party.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/pirate-party.ml.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/pirate-party.ml.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/pirate-party.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/pirate-party.ml-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-09-19" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/pirate-party.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ml.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -9,6 +14,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/pirate-party.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ml.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.ml.html" -->
<h2>à´¸àµà´µàµà´¡à´¨à´¿à´²àµ à´ªàµà´±àµà´±àµà´±àµ
പാരàµâà´àµà´à´¿ à´à´àµà´à´¨àµà´¯à´¾à´£àµ
à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´±à´¿à´¨àµ
à´¦àµà´·à´®à´¾à´¯à´¿
ബാധിà´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤àµ</h2>
@@ -204,7 +210,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
à´ªàµà´¤àµà´àµà´à´¿à´¯à´¤àµàµ:
-$Date: 2020/05/03 17:32:40 $
+$Date: 2021/11/18 16:31:16 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/nonfree-games.zh-tw-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/nonfree-games.zh-tw-diff.html
diff -N po/nonfree-games.zh-tw-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/nonfree-games.zh-tw-diff.html 18 Nov 2021 16:31:17 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/nonfree-games.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.86</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays cultural drm" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>Nonfree DRM'd Games on GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/nonfree-games.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<h2>Nonfree DRM'd Games on GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?</h2>
+
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p>by</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
+Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
+
+<p>A well known company, Valve, that distributes nonfree computer games
+with Digital Restrictions Management, recently announced it would
+distribute these games for GNU/Linux. What good and bad effects can
+this have?</p>
+
+<p>I suppose that availability of popular nonfree programs on
+the GNU/Linux system can boost adoption of the system. However, the aim of GNU
+goes beyond “success”; its purpose is
+to <a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html"> bring
+freedom to the users </a>. Thus, the larger question is how this
+development affects users' freedom.</p>
+
+<p>The problem with these games
+is not that <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Commercial"> they
are
+commercial</a>. (We see nothing wrong with that.) It
+is not that <a href="/philosophy/selling.html"> the developers
+sell copies</a>; that's not wrong either. The problem is that the
+games contain software that is
+<a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">not free</a>
+(free in the sense of freedom, of course).</p>
+
+<p>Nonfree game programs (like other nonfree programs) are unethical
+because they deny freedom to their users. (Game art is a different
+issue, because
+it <a href="/philosophy/copyright-versus-community.html">isn't
+software</a>.) If you want freedom, one requisite for it is not
+having or running nonfree programs on your computer. That much is
+clear.</p>
+
+<p>However, if you're going to use these games, you're better off using
+them on GNU/Linux rather than on Microsoft Windows. At least you avoid
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://upgradefromwindows8.org/">the</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.fsf.org/windows">the</em></ins></span>
harm to your freedom that Windows
+would do</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Thus, in direct practical terms, this development can do both harm
+and good. It might encourage GNU/Linux users to install these games,
+and it might encourage users of the games to replace Windows with
+GNU/Linux. My guess is that the direct good effect will be bigger than
+the direct harm. But there is also an indirect effect: what does the
+use of these games teach people in our community?</p>
+
+<p>Any GNU/Linux distro that comes with software to offer these games
+will teach users that the point is not freedom. <a
+href="/distros/common-distros.html">Nonfree software in GNU/Linux
+distros</a> already works against the goal of freedom. Adding these
+games to a distro would augment that effect.</p>
+
+<p>Free software is a matter of freedom, not price. A free game need
+not be gratis. It is feasible to develop free games commercially,
+while respecting your freedom to change the software you use. Since
+the art in the game is not software, it is not ethically imperative to
+make the art <span class="removed"><del><strong>free —
though</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>free—though</em></ins></span> free art is an
additional
+contribution. There is in fact free game software developed by
+companies, as well as free games developed noncommercially by
+volunteers. Crowdfunding development will only get easier.</p>
+
+<p>But if we suppose that it is <em>not feasible</em> in the
current
+situation to develop a certain
+kind of free <span class="removed"><del><strong>game —
what</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>game—what</em></ins></span> would follow then?
There's no good in
+writing it as a nonfree game. To have freedom in your computing,
+requires rejecting nonfree software, pure and simple.
+You as a freedom-lover won't use the nonfree game if it exists, so
+you won't lose anything if it does not exist.</p>
+
+<p>If you want to promote the cause of freedom in computing, please
+take care not to talk about the availability of these games on
+GNU/Linux as support for our cause. Instead you could tell people
+about the <a href="https://libregamewiki.org/Main_Page">libre games
+wiki</a> that attempts to catalog free
+games, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://forum.freegamedev.net/index.php"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://forum.freegamedev.net/index.php"></em></ins></span>
the Free Game
+Dev Forum</a>, and the LibrePlanet Gaming
+Collective's <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:LibrePlanet_Gaming_Collective"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://libreplanet.org/wiki/Group:LibrePlanet_Gaming_Collective"></em></ins></span>
+free gaming night.</a> </p>
+
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes</h3></strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><h3>Note</h3></em></ins></span>
+
+<p>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://web-old.archive.org/web/20191125215630/http://onpon4.github.io/articles/gaming-trap.html"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191125215630/http://onpon4.github.io/articles/gaming-trap.html"></em></ins></span>
+Watch out for
+“nonfree game data” that actually contains
software.</a></p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footer"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footer" role="contentinfo"></em></ins></span>
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
+ <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2012,</em></ins></span> 2013, 2015, 2016, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2018, 2020</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2021</em></ins></span> Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2021/11/18 16:31:17 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
Index: po/pirate-party.ml-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/pirate-party.ml-diff.html
diff -N po/pirate-party.ml-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/pirate-party.ml-diff.html 18 Nov 2021 16:31:17 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/pirate-party.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays upholding action" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>How the Swedish Pirate Party Platform Backfires on Free Software
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/pirate-party.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<h2>How the Swedish Pirate Party Platform Backfires on Free
Software</h2>
+
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p>by</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></p>
+
+<blockquote></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+
+<div class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
+<p>
+Note: each Pirate Party has its own platform. They all call for
+reducing copyright power, but the specifics vary. This issue may
+not apply to the other parties' positions.
+</p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></blockquote></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
+
+<p>The bullying of the copyright industry in Sweden inspired the
+launch of the first political party whose platform is to reduce
+copyright restrictions: the Pirate Party. Its platform includes the
+prohibition of Digital Restrictions Management, legalization of
+noncommercial sharing of published works, and shortening of copyright
+for commercial use to a five-year period. Five years after
+publication, any published work would go into the public domain.</p>
+
+<p>I support these changes, in general; but the specific combination
+chosen by the Swedish Pirate Party backfires ironically in the special
+case of free software. I'm sure that they did not intend to hurt free
+software, but that's what would happen.</p>
+
+<p>The GNU General Public License and other copyleft licenses use
+copyright law to defend freedom for every user. The GPL permits
+everyone to publish modified works, but only under the same license.
+Redistribution of the unmodified work must also preserve the license.
+And all redistributors must give users access to the software's source
+code.</p>
+
+<p>How would the Swedish Pirate Party's platform affect copylefted
+free software? After five years, its source code would go into the
+public domain, and proprietary software developers would be able to
+include it in their programs. But what about the reverse case?</p>
+
+<p>Proprietary software is restricted by EULAs, not just by copyright,
+and the users don't have the source code. Even if copyright permits
+noncommercial sharing, the EULA may forbid it. In addition, the
+users, not having the source code, do not control what the program
+does when they run it. To run such a program is to surrender your
+freedom and give the developer control over you.</p>
+
+<p>So what would be the effect of terminating this program's copyright
+after 5 years? This would not require the developer to release source
+code, and presumably most will never do so. Users, still denied the
+source code, would still be unable to use the program in freedom. The
+program could even have a “time bomb” in it to make it
+stop working after 5 years, in which case the “public
+domain” copies would not run at all.</p>
+
+<p>Thus, the Pirate Party's proposal would give proprietary software
+developers the use of GPL-covered source code after 5 years, but it
+would not give free software developers the use of proprietary source
+code, not after 5 years or even 50 years. The Free World would get
+the bad, but not the good. The difference between source code and
+object code and the practice of using EULAs would give proprietary
+software an effective exception from the general rule of 5-year
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>copyright — one</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>copyright—one</em></ins></span> that
free software does not share.</p>
+
+<p>We also use copyright to partially deflect the danger of software
+patents. We cannot make our programs safe from <span
class="removed"><del><strong>them — no</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>them—no</em></ins></span>
+program is ever safe from software patents in a country which allows
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>them — but</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>them—but</em></ins></span> at least we
prevent them from being used to make the
+program effectively nonfree. The Swedish Pirate Party proposes to
+abolish software patents, and if that is done, this issue would go
+away. But until that is achieved, we must not lose our only defense
+for protection from patents.</p>
+
+<p>Once the Swedish Pirate Party had announced its platform, free
+software developers noticed this effect and began proposing a special
+rule for free software: to make copyright last longer for free
+software, so that it can continue to be copylefted. This explicit
+exception for free software would counterbalance the effective
+exception for proprietary software. Even ten years ought to be
+enough, I think. However, the proposal met with resistance from the
+Pirate Party's leaders, who objected to the idea of a longer copyright
+for a special case.</p>
+
+<p>I could support a law that would make GPL-covered software's source
+code available in the public domain after 5 years, provided it has the
+same effect on proprietary software's source code. After all,
+copyleft is a means to an end (users' freedom), not an end in itself.
+And I'd rather not be an advocate for a stronger copyright.</p>
+
+<p>So I proposed that the Pirate Party platform require proprietary
+software's source code to be put in escrow when the binaries are
+released. The escrowed source code would then be released in the
+public domain after 5 years. Rather than making free software an
+official exception to the 5-year copyright rule, this would eliminate
+proprietary software's unofficial exception. Either way, the result
+is fair.</p>
+
+<p>A Pirate Party supporter proposed a more general variant of the
+first suggestion: a general scheme to make copyright last longer as
+the public is granted more freedoms in using the work. The advantage
+of this is that free software becomes part of a general pattern of
+varying copyright term, rather than a lone exception.</p>
+
+<p>I'd prefer the escrow solution, but any of these methods would
+avoid a prejudicial effect specifically against free software. There
+may be other solutions that would also do the job. One way or
+another, the Pirate Party of Sweden should avoid placing a handicap on
+a movement to defend the public from marauding giants.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footer"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footer" role="contentinfo"></em></ins></span>
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
+ <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
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