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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/gnu gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.html gn... |
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Date: |
Tue, 2 Nov 2021 10:41:58 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/11/02 10:41:55
Modified files:
gnu : gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.html
gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.html
gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.html
gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.html
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why-gnu-linux.zh-cn-en.html
why-gnu-linux.zh-tw-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.34&r2=1.35
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http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.uk.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.7&r2=1.8
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.es.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.54&r2=1.55
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.fr.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.58&r2=1.59
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.ja.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.23&r2=1.24
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.pot?cvsroot=www&r1=1.21&r2=1.22
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.pt-br.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.20&r2=1.21
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.ru.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.23&r2=1.24
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.sq.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.48&r2=1.49
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.uk.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.22&r2=1.23
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.15&r2=1.16
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ca-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.cs-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.18&r2=1.19
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.de-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.el-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.22&r2=1.23
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.es-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.31&r2=1.32
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.41&r2=1.42
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.hr-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.13&r2=1.14
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.it-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.2&r2=1.3
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ja-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.29&r2=1.30
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ko-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.18&r2=1.19
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.nl-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.15&r2=1.16
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pl-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pt-br-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.18&r2=1.19
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ru-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.34&r2=1.35
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.sq-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.26&r2=1.27
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.tr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.uk-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.zh-cn-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.zh-tw-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
Patches:
Index: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.html,v
retrieving revision 1.34
retrieving revision 1.35
diff -u -b -r1.34 -r1.35
--- gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000
1.34
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@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Updated:
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</p>
Index: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.html,v
retrieving revision 1.51
retrieving revision 1.52
diff -u -b -r1.51 -r1.52
--- gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000
1.51
+++ gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000
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var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.en.html" -->
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<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Letzte Ãnderung:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.html,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000
1.11
+++ gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000
1.12
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.it.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ultimo aggiornamento:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.23
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -b -r1.23 -r1.24
--- gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000
1.23
+++ gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000
1.24
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<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.nl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Bijgewerkt:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000
1.39
+++ gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000
1.40
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
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<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.pl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Aktualizowane:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.html,v
retrieving revision 1.12
retrieving revision 1.13
diff -u -b -r1.12 -r1.13
--- gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000
1.12
+++ gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000
1.13
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html"
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- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.uk.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ðновлено:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: incorrect-quotation.pt-br.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/incorrect-quotation.pt-br.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- incorrect-quotation.pt-br.html 22 May 2020 22:05:08 -0000 1.5
+++ incorrect-quotation.pt-br.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.6
@@ -1,15 +1,24 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/gnu/incorrect-quotation.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.pt-br.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Citação incorreta - Projeto GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/incorrect-quotation.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.pt-br.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.pt-br.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.pt-br.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Citação incorreta</h2>
+<address class="byline">por Richard Stallman</address>
+
<p>Uma citação circula na Internet, atribuÃda a mim, mas não foi escrita
por
mim.</p>
@@ -56,6 +65,7 @@
<p>Veja <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux e GNU</a> e <a
href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, e também a história em <a
href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">O Projeto GNU</a>.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -65,7 +75,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.pt-br.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Envie perguntas em geral sobre a FSF e o GNU para <a
@@ -85,7 +95,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -95,8 +105,8 @@
<a
href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.
</p><p>Consulte o <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Guia
-para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação e o
envio de
-traduções das páginas deste site.</p>
+para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação e a
+contribuição com traduções das páginas deste site.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
@@ -115,7 +125,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Esta página está licenciada sob uma licença <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.pt_BR";>Creative
@@ -131,7 +141,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima atualização:
-$Date: 2020/05/22 22:05:08 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: initial-announcement.sv.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/initial-announcement.sv.html,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- initial-announcement.sv.html 29 Apr 2015 10:40:01 -0000 1.11
+++ initial-announcement.sv.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.12
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
value='<a href="/gnu/po/initial-announcement.sv.po">
- http://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/initial-announcement.sv.po</a>'
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--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/initial-announcement.html"
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@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Updaterat:
-$Date: 2015/04/29 10:40:01 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: linux-and-gnu.cs.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/linux-and-gnu.cs.html,v
retrieving revision 1.22
retrieving revision 1.23
diff -u -b -r1.22 -r1.23
--- linux-and-gnu.cs.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.22
+++ linux-and-gnu.cs.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.23
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.cs.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html"
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- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.cs.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Aktualizováno:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: linux-and-gnu.it.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/linux-and-gnu.it.html,v
retrieving revision 1.53
retrieving revision 1.54
diff -u -b -r1.53 -r1.54
--- linux-and-gnu.it.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.53
+++ linux-and-gnu.it.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.54
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.it.po</a>'
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<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.it.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ultimo aggiornamento:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: linux-and-gnu.nl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/linux-and-gnu.nl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- linux-and-gnu.nl.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.31
+++ linux-and-gnu.nl.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.32
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.nl.po</a>'
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<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.nl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Bijgewerkt:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: linux-and-gnu.pl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/linux-and-gnu.pl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.90
retrieving revision 1.91
diff -u -b -r1.90 -r1.91
--- linux-and-gnu.pl.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.90
+++ linux-and-gnu.pl.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.91
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pl.po</a>'
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<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Aktualizowane:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: manifesto.sv.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/manifesto.sv.html,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- manifesto.sv.html 29 Apr 2015 10:40:01 -0000 1.6
+++ manifesto.sv.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.7
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/manifesto.html"
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Updaterat:
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<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.ca.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ca.html,v
retrieving revision 1.46
retrieving revision 1.47
diff -u -b -r1.46 -r1.47
--- why-gnu-linux.ca.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.46
+++ why-gnu-linux.ca.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.47
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ca.po</a>'
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- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
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<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Updated:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.cs.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.cs.html,v
retrieving revision 1.24
retrieving revision 1.25
diff -u -b -r1.24 -r1.25
--- why-gnu-linux.cs.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.24
+++ why-gnu-linux.cs.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.25
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.cs.po</a>'
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- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
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<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Aktualizováno:
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+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.de.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.de.html,v
retrieving revision 1.58
retrieving revision 1.59
diff -u -b -r1.58 -r1.59
--- why-gnu-linux.de.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.58
+++ why-gnu-linux.de.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.59
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.de.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html"
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- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.de.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Letzte Ãnderung:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.el.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.el.html,v
retrieving revision 1.40
retrieving revision 1.41
diff -u -b -r1.40 -r1.41
--- why-gnu-linux.el.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.40
+++ why-gnu-linux.el.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.41
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.el.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html"
--><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.el-diff.html"
- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.el.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
ÎνημεÏÏθηκε:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.es.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.es.html,v
retrieving revision 1.61
retrieving revision 1.62
diff -u -b -r1.61 -r1.62
--- why-gnu-linux.es.html 31 Aug 2021 11:35:27 -0000 1.61
+++ why-gnu-linux.es.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.62
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.es.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>¿Por qué GNU/Linux? - Proyecto GNU - Free Software Foundation </title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.es.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.es.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.es.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>¿Qué hay detrás de un nombre?</h2>
@@ -281,7 +286,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima actualización:
-$Date: 2021/08/31 11:35:27 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.77
retrieving revision 1.78
diff -u -b -r1.77 -r1.78
--- why-gnu-linux.fr.html 30 Aug 2021 14:04:42 -0000 1.77
+++ why-gnu-linux.fr.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.78
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Pourquoi GNU/Linux ? - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Qu'y a-t-il dans un nom ?</h2>
@@ -284,7 +289,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/08/30 14:04:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.hr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.hr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- why-gnu-linux.hr.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.15
+++ why-gnu-linux.hr.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.16
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.hr.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html"
--><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.hr-diff.html"
- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.hr.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Zadnji put promijenjeno:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.ja.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ja.html,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- why-gnu-linux.ja.html 31 Aug 2021 03:05:59 -0000 1.37
+++ why-gnu-linux.ja.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.38
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ja.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>ãªãGNU/Linuxãªã®ã? - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ja.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.ja.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.ja.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>ååãä½ã§ãããã?</h2>
@@ -166,7 +171,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
æçµæ´æ°:
-$Date: 2021/08/31 03:05:59 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.ko.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ko.html,v
retrieving revision 1.35
retrieving revision 1.36
diff -u -b -r1.35 -r1.36
--- why-gnu-linux.ko.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.35
+++ why-gnu-linux.ko.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.36
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ko.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html"
--><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ko-diff.html"
- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.ko.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
ìµì¢
ìì ì¼:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.nl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.nl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- why-gnu-linux.nl.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.25
+++ why-gnu-linux.nl.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.26
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.nl.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html"
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- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.nl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Bijgewerkt:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.pl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.pl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.56
retrieving revision 1.57
diff -u -b -r1.56 -r1.57
--- why-gnu-linux.pl.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.56
+++ why-gnu-linux.pl.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.57
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pl.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html"
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- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
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+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.pl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Aktualizowane:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.pt-br.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.pt-br.html,v
retrieving revision 1.36
retrieving revision 1.37
diff -u -b -r1.36 -r1.37
--- why-gnu-linux.pt-br.html 5 Sep 2021 15:33:44 -0000 1.36
+++ why-gnu-linux.pt-br.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.37
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.pt-br.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Por que GNU/Linux? - Projeto GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.pt-br.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.pt-br.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.pt-br.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Que há num nome?</h2>
@@ -280,7 +285,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima atualização:
-$Date: 2021/09/05 15:33:44 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.ru.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.ru.html,v
retrieving revision 1.42
retrieving revision 1.43
diff -u -b -r1.42 -r1.43
--- why-gnu-linux.ru.html 30 Aug 2021 14:04:42 -0000 1.42
+++ why-gnu-linux.ru.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.43
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ru.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU/Linux? - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ru.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.ru.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.ru.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>ЧÑо в имени?</h2>
@@ -273,7 +278,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ðбновлено:
-$Date: 2021/08/30 14:04:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.sq.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.sq.html,v
retrieving revision 1.45
retrieving revision 1.46
diff -u -b -r1.45 -r1.46
--- why-gnu-linux.sq.html 7 Sep 2021 12:03:48 -0000 1.45
+++ why-gnu-linux.sq.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.46
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.sq.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Pse GNU/Linux? - Projekti GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.sq.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.sq.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.sq.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Ãâpërmban Emri?</h2>
@@ -275,7 +280,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
U përditësua më:
-$Date: 2021/09/07 12:03:48 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.tr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.tr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- why-gnu-linux.tr.html 12 Sep 2021 07:34:21 -0000 1.32
+++ why-gnu-linux.tr.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.33
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.tr.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Neden GNU/Linux? - GNU Projesi - Ãzgür Yazılım Vakfı</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.tr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.tr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.tr.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Ä°sim DediÄin Nedir Ki?</h2>
@@ -287,7 +292,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Son Güncelleme:
-$Date: 2021/09/12 07:34:21 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.uk.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.uk.html,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- why-gnu-linux.uk.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:42 -0000 1.10
+++ why-gnu-linux.uk.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.11
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.uk.po</a>'
--><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html"
--><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.uk-diff.html"
- --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.en.html" -->
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2021-08-30" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/html5-header.uk.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Ðновлено:
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.zh-cn.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.zh-cn.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- why-gnu-linux.zh-cn.html 9 Sep 2021 02:32:37 -0000 1.5
+++ why-gnu-linux.zh-cn.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.6
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.zh-cn.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>为ä»ä¹åºè¯¥æ¯ GNU/Linuxï¼ - GNU å·¥ç¨ -
èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.zh-cn.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.zh-cn.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.zh-cn.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>ååéåºè¯¥æä»ä¹ï¼</h2>
@@ -177,7 +182,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
æåæ´æ°ï¼
-$Date: 2021/09/09 02:32:37 $
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<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: why-gnu-linux.zh-tw.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/why-gnu-linux.zh-tw.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- why-gnu-linux.zh-tw.html 12 Oct 2021 17:32:22 -0000 1.1
+++ why-gnu-linux.zh-tw.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:49 -0000 1.2
@@ -3,12 +3,17 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.zh-tw.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>çºä»éº¼è¦ç¨±çº GNU/Linuxï¼ - GNU å°æ¡ -
èªç±è»é«åºéæ</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.zh-tw.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.zh-tw.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.zh-tw.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>å稱çéè¦æ§</h2>
@@ -186,7 +191,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
æ´æ°æé︰
-$Date: 2021/10/12 17:32:22 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:49 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/gnu-history.ar-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ar-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/gnu-history.ar-diff.html 30 May 2021 18:01:56 -0000 1.6
+++ po/gnu-history.ar-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.7
@@ -11,20 +11,28 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.84</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnu-history" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Overview of the GNU System
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta name="Keywords" content="GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free
Software Foundation, History" />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-history.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Overview of the GNU System</h2>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div
class="thin"></div></em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em>It is pronounced as <a
href="/gnu/pronunciation.html">one syllable with a
-hard g</a>.</em></ins></span>
-<a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> made the
+upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”
+It is pronounced as <a href="/gnu/pronunciation.html">one syllable with a
+hard <i>g</i></a>.</em></ins></span>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard</em></ins></span>
Stallman</a> made the
<a href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Initial Announcement</a>
of
the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called
the <a href="/gnu/manifesto.html">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
in
@@ -34,9 +42,10 @@
<p>
The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few
requirements; first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> second, because
it was a real word, and third, it was fun
to say (or
-<a
href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">Sing</a>).</p>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">Sing</a>).</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">sing</a>).</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
The word “free” in “free software” pertains to
@@ -52,7 +61,8 @@
<p>
The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
-Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Project”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Project.”</em></ins></span> The GNU
Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing
community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by
removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of
@@ -87,7 +97,7 @@
text formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games
and many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a
very large job. We started in January 1984.
-The <a href="http://fsf.org/"> Free Software Foundation</a> was
+The <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://fsf.org/"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.fsf.org/"></em></ins></span>
Free Software Foundation</a> was
founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop
GNU.</p>
@@ -98,26 +108,27 @@
complete operating system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that
tens of millions of people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically
via <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/distros">GNU/Linux</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/distros/distros.html">GNU/Linux</em></ins></span>
distributions</a>. The principal
-version of Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”;
+version of Linux now contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> firmware
“blobs”;
free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
-called <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">
+called <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre"></em></ins></span>
Linux-libre</a>.</p>
<p>
However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system.
We aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users
want to have. This includes application software. See
-the <a href="/directory">Free Software Directory</a> for a
catalogue
+the <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/directory">Free</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page">Free</em></ins></span>
Software Directory</a> for a catalogue
of free software application programs.</p>
<p>
We also want to provide software for users who are not computer
experts. Therefore we developed a
-<a href="http://www.gnome.org/">graphical desktop (called
GNOME)</a> to help
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.gnome.org/">graphical</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.gnome.org/">graphical</em></ins></span>
desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help
beginners use the GNU system.</p>
<p>We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
-href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free games</a> are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free</em></ins></span>
games</a> are
already available.</p>
<p>
@@ -126,11 +137,11 @@
the patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to
provide free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to
do—and thus make proprietary software a thing of the past.</p>
-
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footer"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footer" role="contentinfo"></em></ins></span>
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -148,13 +159,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -175,8 +186,9 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-2009, 2012, <span class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>2014, 2017</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, <span class="removed"><del><strong>1998,
1999, 2001, 2002,</strong></del></span> 2003, 2005, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2007,
+2009,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2008,</em></ins></span> 2012, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2017, 2021</em></ins></span>
+Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
@@ -187,11 +199,12 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/05/30 18:01:56 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></div></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div><!-- for class="inner", starts
in the banner include --></em></ins></span>
</body>
</html>
</pre></body></html>
Index: po/gnu-history.ar.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ar.po,v
retrieving revision 1.51
retrieving revision 1.52
diff -u -b -r1.51 -r1.52
--- po/gnu-history.ar.po 30 May 2021 17:01:39 -0000 1.51
+++ po/gnu-history.ar.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.52
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-11-16 14:25+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: faycal <faycal_alami@hotmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Arabic\n"
@@ -30,19 +30,21 @@
msgid "GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, History"
msgstr "تارÙØ® جÙÙ, إ٠إس Ø¥Ù, Ù
ؤسسة اÙبرÙ
جÙات
اÙØرة, "
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Ùبذة ع٠ÙظاÙ
جÙÙ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-# | {+It is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable
-# | with a hard g</a>.+} <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard
-# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
-# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
-# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
-# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.” It is pronounced as+} <a
+# | [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard <i>g</i></a>.
+# | <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard+} Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the
+# | GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March
+# | 1985. It has been translated into several <a
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -56,14 +58,14 @@
#| "\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠جÙÙ ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
برÙ
ج٠Øر باÙÙاÙ
ÙØ
Ù
تÙاÙÙ Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس. اسÙ
جÙÙ ÙادÙ
Ù
Ù "
"اÙعبارة اÙØ¥ÙجÙÙزÙØ© ”جÙÙ ÙÙس ÙÙÙÙس“.
أطÙÙ <a href=\"http://www.";
@@ -72,19 +74,31 @@
"gnu/manifesto.html\">ظاÙرة جÙÙ</a> تÙ
ÙشرÙا Ù٠سبتÙ
بر
1985. تÙ
ترجÙ
تÙا اÙÙ "
"عدة <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">Ùغات أخرÙ</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"اختÙر اسÙ
”جÙÙ“ ÙØ£ÙÙ ÙبÙ٠بعض اÙÙ
تطÙØ¨Ø§ØªØ Ø£ÙÙØ§Ø Ø£ÙÙ ÙتÙرر ÙÙ "
"اÙعبارة ”جÙÙ ÙÙس ÙÙÙÙس“Ø Ø«Ø§ÙÙØ§Ø ÙØ£ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ
Ø© ØÙÙÙØ©Ø Ø«Ø§ÙØ«Ø§Ø ÙØ£Ù Ù
Ù
تع "
"عÙد اÙÙØ·Ù (Ø£Ù <a
href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html";
"\">اÙغÙاء</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -106,20 +120,34 @@
"(إذا أعدت تÙزÙع برÙ
جÙات جÙÙØ ÙÙ
ÙÙ٠اÙØصÙÙ
عÙÙ Ù
باÙغ Ù
اÙÙØ© Ù
Ùاب٠اÙأجزاء "
"اÙÙÙزÙائÙØ© ÙÙÙسخة)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Ù
شرÙع تطÙÙر ÙظاÙ
جÙÙ Ùدع٠”Ù
شرÙع
جÙÙ“. ÙÙد Ù
شرÙع جÙØ© Ù٠عاÙ
1983 "
"ÙÙسÙÙØ© Ùإعادة رÙØ Ø§ÙتعاÙ٠اÙت٠سادت ÙÙ Ù
جتÙ
عات اÙØÙسبة Ù٠أÙاÙ
سابÙØ©.— "
"Ùجع٠اÙتعاÙÙ Ù
Ù
ÙÙا Ù
رة أخر٠ع٠طرÙ٠إزاÙØ©
اÙعÙبات اÙت٠تعترض طرÙ٠اÙتعاÙÙ "
"اÙت٠ÙÙرضÙا Ù
ÙÙÙا٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙÙ
Ù
ÙÙÙØ©."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -131,7 +159,7 @@
"ØصرÙا. Øت٠شرÙات اÙØاسÙب ÙØ«Ùرا Ù
ا تÙزÙع
اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة. Ùا٠اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙ٠أØرار "
"Ù٠اÙتعاÙ٠بÙÙÙÙ
Ø ÙÙØ«Ùرا Ù
ا ÙاÙÙا ÙÙعÙÙÙ
Ø°ÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -142,7 +170,7 @@
"categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">Ù
Ù
ÙÙÙØ©</a>Ø Ù
Ù
ا ÙعÙ٠أÙ
Ù
اÙÙÙÙا ÙاÙÙا "
"ÙÙ
ÙعÙ٠اÙتعاÙ٠بÙ٠اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ. ÙÙ
Ù ÙÙا
Ø§ØµØ¨Ø Ù
شرÙع جÙ٠ضرÙرة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -153,7 +181,7 @@
"تتÙ
ÙÙ Ù
٠تشغÙ٠اÙØاسÙب بدÙ٠اÙÙجÙØ¡ Ø¥ÙÙ
اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙÙ
Ù
ÙÙÙØ©. ÙØ°Ø§Ø Ø£ÙÙ Ù
ÙÙ
Ø© ÙÙ "
"جدÙ٠أعÙ
ا٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة ضرÙرة Ø¥Ùشاء
ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ Øر."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -162,14 +190,28 @@
"ÙررÙا Ø£Ù Ùجع٠ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ Ù
تÙاÙÙ Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس
Ùأ٠اÙتصÙ
ÙÙ
اÙعاÙ
Ùا٠باÙÙع٠ذ٠"
"شأÙØ ÙÙظرا Ùأ٠اÙتÙاÙÙ Ùجع٠Ù
٠اÙسÙ٠عÙÙ Ù
ستخدÙ
Ù ÙÙÙÙس اÙتØÙÙ٠إÙ٠جÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© شبÙÙØ© ÙÙÙÙس تتضÙ
Ù ÙÙØ§Ø©Ø Ù
ترجÙ
اتØ
ÙÙ
ØØ±Ø±Ø§ØªØ ÙÙ
ÙسÙات ÙصÙØµØ ÙبرÙ
جÙات "
"برÙØ¯Ø ÙاجÙات رسÙÙ
ÙØ©Ø Ø§ÙÙ
Ùتبات, Ø£Ùعاب,
ÙاÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙأشÙاء اÙأخرÙ. ÙÙÙØ°Ø§Ø "
@@ -177,7 +219,7 @@
"fsf.org/\">Ù
ؤسسة اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة</a> تأسست ÙÙ
Ø£ÙتÙبر 1985Ø Ù٠اÙبداÙØ© ÙجÙ
ع "
"اÙØ£Ù
Ùا٠ÙÙ
ساعدة تطÙÙر جÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
@@ -186,10 +228,11 @@
# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
# | [-href=\"/distros\">GNU/Linux-]
# | {+href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux+} distributions</a>. The
-# | principal version of Linux now contains non-free firmware
+# | principal version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware
# | “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a modified free
# | version of Linux, called <a
-# | href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>.
+# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
@@ -209,10 +252,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"بØÙÙ٠عاÙ
1990 Ø£ØµØ¨Ø ÙدÙÙا Ù٠اÙأشÙاء
اÙأساسÙØ© باستثÙاء Ø´ÙØ¡ ÙاØد—"
"اÙÙÙاة. ÙÙ
Ù Ø«Ù
ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø Ø§ÙÙÙاة شبÙÙØ©
ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ØªÙ
تطÙÙرÙا بÙاسطة ÙÙÙÙس تÙرÙاÙدس "
@@ -223,39 +266,68 @@
"”بÙÙبز“Ø Ùاشط٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة اÙØ¢Ù
ÙعÙ
ÙÙ٠عÙ٠صÙاÙØ© إصدار ÙÙÙÙس "
"Øر (<a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>ÙÙÙÙس
ÙÙبرا</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Ù Ù
ع Ø°ÙÙØ Ùا ÙÙتصر Ù
شرÙع جÙ٠عÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠اÙأساسÙ. ÙدÙÙا Ù٠ا٠ÙÙÙر جÙ
Ùع "
"Ø£ÙÙاع اÙبرÙ
جÙات عÙÙ Øسب اØتÙاجات اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ. ÙÙØ´Ù
Ù Ùذا اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙتطبÙÙÙØ©. "
"اÙظر Ø£Ùضا <a href=\"/directory\">دÙÙ٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات
اÙØرة</a> ÙÙاتÙÙج اÙبرÙ
جÙات "
"اÙتطبÙÙÙØ© اÙØرة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Ùرغب Ø£Ùضا Ø£Ùضا Ø£Ù ÙÙÙر برÙ
جÙات ÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù
اÙØاسب اÙغÙر Ù
ØترÙÙÙ. ÙÙØ°ÙÙ Ø·ÙرÙا <a "
"href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>Ø³Ø·Ø Ù
Ùتب رسÙÙ
Ù (Ùدع٠جÙÙÙ
)</a> ÙÙ
ساعدة "
"اÙÙ
بتدئÙÙ Ù٠اسخداÙ
ÙظاÙ
جÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Ùرغب Ø£Ùضا Ù٠تÙÙÙر Ø£Ùعاب ÙÙسائ٠ترÙÙÙ
أخرÙ. ÙØ«Ùر Ù
Ù <a href=\"http://";
"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">اÙØ£Ùعاب اÙØرة</a> Ù
تاØØ© ÙعÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -287,6 +359,7 @@
"Ùرج٠إرسا٠اÙÙصÙات اÙÙ
ÙÙطعة Ùأ٠تصØÙØات
أ٠اÙتراØات Ø¥ÙÙ <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -294,14 +367,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"رغÙ
بذÙÙا Ùصار٠جÙدÙا ÙتÙÙÙر ترجÙ
ات دÙÙÙØ©
ذات جÙدة عاÙÙØ©Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا Ùدع٠ÙÙ
ا٠"
@@ -312,15 +391,16 @@
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">دÙÙ٠اÙترجÙ
Ø©</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-# | 2009, 2012, [-2014-] {+2014, 2017+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, [-1998, 1999, 2001, 2002,-] 2003, 2005,
+# | [-2007, 2009,-] {+2008,+} 2012, [-2014-] {+2017, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
#| "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"ØÙÙ٠اÙÙشر:</p><p style=\"direction: ltr\">\n"
"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
@@ -348,3 +428,16 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ØÙدÙثت:"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "رغÙ
بذÙÙا Ùصار٠جÙدÙا ÙتÙÙÙر ترجÙ
ات
دÙÙÙØ© ذات جÙدة عاÙÙØ©Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا Ùدع٠"
+#~ "ÙÙ
ا٠اÙÙصÙص ÙØ®ÙÙÙا Ù
٠اÙأخطاء. ÙرجÙ
إرسا٠اÙتعÙÙÙات ÙاÙÙ
ÙترØات اÙÙ
تعÙÙØ© "
+#~ "بÙذا اÙشأ٠إÙ٠عÙÙا٠اÙبرÙد اÙØ¥ÙÙترÙÙÙ <a
href=\"mailto:web-";
+#~ "translators@gnu.org\"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
<p>ÙÙØصÙÙ "
+#~ "عÙ٠أ٠Ù
عÙÙÙ
ات بشأ٠تÙسÙÙ ÙتÙدÙÙ
ترجÙ
ات Ù
ÙÙعÙا اÙØ¥ÙÙترÙÙÙØ Ùرج٠اÙاطÙاع "
+#~ "عÙ٠اÙرابط اÙتاÙÙ <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">دÙÙ٠اÙترجÙ
Ø©</a>."
Index: po/gnu-history.bg-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.bg-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/gnu-history.bg-diff.html 30 May 2021 18:30:20 -0000 1.4
+++ po/gnu-history.bg-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.5
@@ -11,20 +11,28 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.84</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnu-history" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Overview of the GNU System
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta name="Keywords" content="GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free
Software Foundation, History" />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-history.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Overview of the GNU System</h2>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div
class="thin"></div></em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em>It is pronounced as <a
href="/gnu/pronunciation.html">one syllable with a
-hard g</a>.</em></ins></span>
-<a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> made the
+upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”
+It is pronounced as <a href="/gnu/pronunciation.html">one syllable with a
+hard <i>g</i></a>.</em></ins></span>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard</em></ins></span>
Stallman</a> made the
<a href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Initial Announcement</a>
of
the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called
the <a href="/gnu/manifesto.html">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
in
@@ -34,9 +42,10 @@
<p>
The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few
requirements; first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> second, because
it was a real word, and third, it was fun
to say (or
-<a
href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">Sing</a>).</p>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">Sing</a>).</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">sing</a>).</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
The word “free” in “free software” pertains to
@@ -52,7 +61,8 @@
<p>
The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
-Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Project”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Project.”</em></ins></span> The GNU
Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing
community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by
removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of
@@ -87,7 +97,7 @@
text formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games
and many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a
very large job. We started in January 1984.
-The <a href="http://fsf.org/"> Free Software Foundation</a> was
+The <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://fsf.org/"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.fsf.org/"></em></ins></span>
Free Software Foundation</a> was
founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop
GNU.</p>
@@ -98,26 +108,27 @@
complete operating system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that
tens of millions of people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically
via <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/distros">GNU/Linux</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/distros/distros.html">GNU/Linux</em></ins></span>
distributions</a>. The principal
-version of Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”;
+version of Linux now contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> firmware
“blobs”;
free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
-called <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">
+called <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre"></em></ins></span>
Linux-libre</a>.</p>
<p>
However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system.
We aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users
want to have. This includes application software. See
-the <a href="/directory">Free Software Directory</a> for a
catalogue
+the <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/directory">Free</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page">Free</em></ins></span>
Software Directory</a> for a catalogue
of free software application programs.</p>
<p>
We also want to provide software for users who are not computer
experts. Therefore we developed a
-<a href="http://www.gnome.org/">graphical desktop (called
GNOME)</a> to help
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.gnome.org/">graphical</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.gnome.org/">graphical</em></ins></span>
desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help
beginners use the GNU system.</p>
<p>We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
-href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free games</a> are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free</em></ins></span>
games</a> are
already available.</p>
<p>
@@ -126,11 +137,11 @@
the patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to
provide free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to
do—and thus make proprietary software a thing of the past.</p>
-
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footer"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footer" role="contentinfo"></em></ins></span>
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -148,13 +159,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -175,8 +186,9 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-2009, 2012, <span class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>2014, 2017</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, <span class="removed"><del><strong>1998,
1999, 2001, 2002,</strong></del></span> 2003, 2005, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2007,
+2009,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2008,</em></ins></span> 2012, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2017, 2021</em></ins></span>
+Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
@@ -187,11 +199,12 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/05/30 18:30:20 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></div></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div><!-- for class="inner", starts
in the banner include --></em></ins></span>
</body>
</html>
</pre></body></html>
Index: po/gnu-history.bg.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.bg.po,v
retrieving revision 1.29
retrieving revision 1.30
diff -u -b -r1.29 -r1.30
--- po/gnu-history.bg.po 30 May 2021 18:30:20 -0000 1.29
+++ po/gnu-history.bg.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.30
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-06-29 23:39+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Yavor Doganov <yavor@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Bulgarian <dict@fsa-bg.org>\n"
@@ -29,19 +29,21 @@
"ÐÐУ, ÐÑоекÑÑÑ GNU, ФСС, Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑеÑ,
ФондаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð° Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑеÑ, "
"иÑÑоÑиÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "ÐÑеглед на ÑиÑÑемаÑа GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-# | {+It is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable
-# | with a hard g</a>.+} <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard
-# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
-# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
-# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
-# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.” It is pronounced as+} <a
+# | [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard <i>g</i></a>.
+# | <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard+} Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the
+# | GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March
+# | 1985. It has been translated into several <a
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -55,14 +57,14 @@
#| "\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐпеÑаÑионнаÑа ÑиÑÑема GNU е ÑÑлоÑÑна
ÑиÑÑема, коÑÑо е Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑеÑ, "
"пÑаво ÑÑвмеÑÑима Ñ âЮникÑâ. GNU знаÑи âGNU's
Not Unixâ (GNU не е âЮникÑâ). "
@@ -72,19 +74,31 @@
"html\">ÐаниÑеÑÑ Ð½Ð° GNU</a>, бе пÑбликÑвана пÑез
маÑÑ 1985 г. ÐокÑменÑÑÑ Ðµ "
"пÑеведен на <a
href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">нÑколко езика</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"ÐмеÑо âGNUâ бе избÑано, понеже оÑговаÑÑÑе
на нÑкои изиÑкваниÑ: пÑÑво, беÑе "
"ÑекÑÑÑивен акÑоним на âGNU не е ЮникÑâ;
вÑоÑо, заÑоÑо беÑе иÑÑинÑка дÑма, и "
"ÑÑеÑо, беÑе пÑиÑÑно да Ñе изговаÑÑ (или <a
href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/";
"poppy/songs/gnu.html\">пее</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -110,13 +124,27 @@
"ÑакÑа за ÑизиÑеÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð°ÐºÑ Ð½Ð° пÑеÑ
вÑÑлÑнеÑо
на копие, или може да пÑедлагаÑе "
"ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñно.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑоекÑÑÑ, койÑо ÑазÑабоÑва ÑиÑÑемаÑа GNU,
Ñе наÑиÑа âÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNUâ. ÐÑоекÑÑÑ "
"GNU е оÑнован пÑез 1983 г. каÑо наÑин за
вÑзвÑÑÑане на дÑÑ
а на "
@@ -125,7 +153,7 @@
"пÑемаÑ
ванеÑо на пÑепÑÑÑÑвиÑÑа, наложени
Ð¾Ñ ÑобÑÑвениÑиÑе на неÑвободен "
"ÑоÑÑÑеÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -139,7 +167,7 @@
"ÑоÑÑÑеÑ. ÐÑогÑамиÑÑиÑе Ñа били Ñвободни
да Ñи ÑÑÑÑÑдниÑÐ°Ñ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ Ñ Ð´ÑÑг, и "
"ÑеÑÑо Ñа го пÑавили."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -151,7 +179,7 @@
"ÑобÑÑвениÑи, коиÑо Ñа забÑанÑвали
ÑÑÑÑÑдниÑеÑÑвоÑо Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑебиÑелиÑе. "
"Това е довело до необÑ
одимоÑÑÑа оÑ
пÑоекÑа GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -164,7 +192,7 @@
"оÑевидно, пÑÑваÑа ÑоÑка в Ð´Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ñед на
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑоÑÑÑÐµÑ ÑÑÑбваÑе да бÑде "
"Ñвободна опеÑаÑионна ÑиÑÑема."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -174,14 +202,28 @@
"ÑÑлоÑÑниÑÑ Ð´Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð½ беÑе веÑе доказан и
пÑеноÑим, и понеже ÑÑвмеÑÑимоÑÑÑа "
"пÑави леÑно пÑеÑ
вÑÑлÑнеÑо на поÑÑебиÑели
на âЮникÑâ кÑм GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Ðдна опеÑаÑионна ÑиÑÑема, подобна на
âЮникÑâ, ÑÑдÑÑжа ÑдÑо, компилаÑоÑи, "
"ÑедакÑоÑи, ÑоÑÑÑÐµÑ Ð·Ð° ÑоÑмаÑиÑане на
ÑекÑÑ, обÑабоÑка на поÑа, гÑаÑиÑни "
@@ -191,7 +233,30 @@
"оÑнована пÑез окÑомвÑи 1985 г., пÑÑвонаÑално
за да набиÑа ÑÑедÑÑва, коиÑо да "
"Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑазÑабоÑкаÑа на GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -199,10 +264,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðо 1990 г. ние бÑÑ
ме или намеÑили, или
напиÑали вÑиÑки главни компоненÑи, "
"оÑвен един â ÑдÑоÑо. Тогава ÐинÑкÑ, ÑдÑо,
подобно на ÑдÑоÑо на âЮникÑâ, бе "
@@ -216,13 +281,26 @@
"веÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ñ ÐинÑÐºÑ (<a
href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>Linux-"
"libre</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Ðо пÑоекÑÑÑ GNU не е огÑаниÑен в ÑамкиÑе на
оÑновнаÑа опеÑаÑионна ÑиÑÑема. "
"ÐаÑаÑа Ñел е да оÑигÑÑим пÑлен ÑпекÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñ
ÑоÑÑÑеÑ, каквоÑо е нÑжно за "
@@ -230,27 +308,43 @@
"ÐижÑе <a href=\"/directory\">УказаÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñвободен
ÑоÑÑÑеÑ</a> за каÑалог Ð¾Ñ "
"Ñвободни пÑиложениÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑкаме да оÑигÑÑим и ÑоÑÑÑÐµÑ Ð·Ð°
поÑÑебиÑели, коиÑо не Ñа компÑÑÑÑни "
"ÑпеÑиалиÑÑи. ÐаÑова ÑазÑабоÑиÑ
ме <a
href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>гÑаÑиÑна "
"ÑабоÑна ÑÑеда (GNOME)</a>, за да помогнем на
наÑинаеÑиÑе да Ð¸Ð·Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð·Ð²Ð°Ñ "
"ÑиÑÑемаÑа GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑкаме да оÑигÑÑим игÑи и дÑÑги
ÑазвлеÑениÑ. Ðного <a href=\"http://";
"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">Ñвободни игÑи</a> веÑе
Ñа налиÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -297,14 +391,23 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐолÑ, докладвайÑе гÑеÑки и пÑедложениÑ
оÑноÑно бÑлгаÑÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ñевод ÑÑез <a "
@@ -314,18 +417,14 @@
"подаванеÑо на пÑеводи на Ñази ÑÑаÑиÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-# | 2009, 2012, [-2014-] {+2014, 2017+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © [-1996-2008-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017,
+# | 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
-#| "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#| msgid "Copyright © 1996-2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (ФондаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð°
Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑеÑ)"
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 1996-2008 ФондаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð° Ñвободен
ÑоÑÑÑеÑ"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -350,6 +449,29 @@
msgstr "ÐоÑледно обновÑване:"
#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "ÐолÑ, докладвайÑе гÑеÑки и пÑедложениÑ
оÑноÑно бÑлгаÑÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ñевод ÑÑез <a "
+#~ "href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
+#~ "a>.</p> <p>ÐижÑе <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ÐокÑменÑаÑиÑÑа за пÑеводаÑи</a> за
инÑоÑмаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð° кооÑдиниÑанеÑо и "
+#~ "подаванеÑо на пÑеводи на Ñази ÑÑаÑиÑ."
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~| msgid ""
+#~| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~| "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (ФондаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð°
Ñвободен "
+#~ "ÑоÑÑÑеÑ)"
+
+#~ msgid ""
#~ "(The principal version of Linux now contains non-free firmware “"
#~ "blobs”. Free software activists now maintain a modified <a href="
#~ "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>free version</a> of Linux.)"
Index: po/gnu-history.ca-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ca-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/gnu-history.ca-diff.html 30 May 2021 19:03:06 -0000 1.5
+++ po/gnu-history.ca-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.6
@@ -11,20 +11,28 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.84</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnu-history" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Overview of the GNU System
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta name="Keywords" content="GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free
Software Foundation, History" />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-history.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Overview of the GNU System</h2>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div
class="thin"></div></em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em>It is pronounced as <a
href="/gnu/pronunciation.html">one syllable with a
-hard g</a>.</em></ins></span>
-<a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> made the
+upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”
+It is pronounced as <a href="/gnu/pronunciation.html">one syllable with a
+hard <i>g</i></a>.</em></ins></span>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard</em></ins></span>
Stallman</a> made the
<a href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Initial Announcement</a>
of
the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called
the <a href="/gnu/manifesto.html">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
in
@@ -34,9 +42,10 @@
<p>
The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few
requirements; first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> second, because
it was a real word, and third, it was fun
to say (or
-<a
href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">Sing</a>).</p>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">Sing</a>).</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">sing</a>).</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
The word “free” in “free software” pertains to
@@ -52,7 +61,8 @@
<p>
The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
-Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Project”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Project.”</em></ins></span> The GNU
Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing
community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by
removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of
@@ -87,7 +97,7 @@
text formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games
and many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a
very large job. We started in January 1984.
-The <a href="http://fsf.org/"> Free Software Foundation</a> was
+The <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://fsf.org/"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.fsf.org/"></em></ins></span>
Free Software Foundation</a> was
founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop
GNU.</p>
@@ -98,26 +108,27 @@
complete operating system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that
tens of millions of people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically
via <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/distros">GNU/Linux</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/distros/distros.html">GNU/Linux</em></ins></span>
distributions</a>. The principal
-version of Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”;
+version of Linux now contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> firmware
“blobs”;
free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
-called <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">
+called <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre"></em></ins></span>
Linux-libre</a>.</p>
<p>
However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system.
We aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users
want to have. This includes application software. See
-the <a href="/directory">Free Software Directory</a> for a
catalogue
+the <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/directory">Free</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page">Free</em></ins></span>
Software Directory</a> for a catalogue
of free software application programs.</p>
<p>
We also want to provide software for users who are not computer
experts. Therefore we developed a
-<a href="http://www.gnome.org/">graphical desktop (called
GNOME)</a> to help
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.gnome.org/">graphical</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.gnome.org/">graphical</em></ins></span>
desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help
beginners use the GNU system.</p>
<p>We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
-href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free games</a> are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free</em></ins></span>
games</a> are
already available.</p>
<p>
@@ -126,11 +137,11 @@
the patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to
provide free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to
do—and thus make proprietary software a thing of the past.</p>
-
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footer"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footer" role="contentinfo"></em></ins></span>
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -148,13 +159,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -175,8 +186,9 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-2009, 2012, <span class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>2014, 2017</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, <span class="removed"><del><strong>1998,
1999, 2001, 2002,</strong></del></span> 2003, 2005, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2007,
+2009,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2008,</em></ins></span> 2012, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2017, 2021</em></ins></span>
+Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
@@ -187,11 +199,12 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/05/30 19:03:06 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></div></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div><!-- for class="inner", starts
in the banner include --></em></ins></span>
</body>
</html>
</pre></body></html>
Index: po/gnu-history.ca.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ca.po,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- po/gnu-history.ca.po 30 May 2021 19:03:06 -0000 1.37
+++ po/gnu-history.ca.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.38
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.ca\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-06-05 16:13+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Miquel Puigpelat <mpuigpe1@xtec.cat>\n"
"Language-Team: Catalan <www-ca-traductors@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -27,19 +27,21 @@
msgstr ""
"GNU, Projecte GNU, FSF, Programari lliure, Free Software Foundation, Historia"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Descripció del Sistema GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-# | {+It is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable
-# | with a hard g</a>.+} <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard
-# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
-# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
-# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
-# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.” It is pronounced as+} <a
+# | [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard <i>g</i></a>.
+# | <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard+} Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the
+# | GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March
+# | 1985. It has been translated into several <a
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -53,14 +55,14 @@
#| "\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"El sistema operatiu GNU és un sistema de programari completament lliure "
"compatible amb Unix. GNU significa <cite>GNU's Not Unix</cite> (GNU no és "
@@ -71,19 +73,31 @@
"traduïda a diferents <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">idiomes</"
"a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Es va triar el nom «GNU» perquè complia certs requisits. Primer, era un "
"acrònim recursiu de <cite>GNU's Not Unix</cite>; segon, era una paraula "
"existent; i tercer, era divertida de pronunciar (o de <a href=\"http://www.";
"poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\">cantar</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -107,13 +121,27 @@
"manera ajudar a la comunitat (si redistribuïu programari GNU, podeu fixar un
"
"preu per l'acte fÃsic de transferir la còpia, o bé podeu donar-les de
franc)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"El projecte consistent en desenvolupar el sistema GNU s'anomena «Projecte "
"GNU». El Projecte GNU fou concebut l'any 1983 per tal de continuar l'esperit
"
@@ -122,7 +150,7 @@
"mitjançant l'eliminació dels obstacles a la cooperació que havien imposat "
"els titulars de programari propietari."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -135,7 +163,7 @@
"sovint programari lliure. Els programadors tenien plena llibertat de "
"cooperar amb els altres, i gairebé sempre ho feien."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -147,7 +175,7 @@
"propietaris que podien impedir, i fins i tot prohibir, la cooperació entre "
"usuaris. Això va fer que el projecte GNU esdevingués necessari."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -159,7 +187,7 @@
"propietari. Per tant la primera tasca a dur a terme fou crear un sistema "
"operatiu lliure."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -169,14 +197,28 @@
"disseny general havia estat ja implementat, i pel fet que la compatibilitat "
"feia fà cil que els usuaris de Unix passessin de Unix a GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Un sistema operatiu a l'estil d'Unix inclou un nucli, compiladors, editors, "
"formatadors de text, programari per al correu electrònic, interfÃcies "
@@ -186,7 +228,30 @@
"fundar l'octubre de 1985, inicialment per recollir fons que permetessin "
"desenvolupar GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -194,10 +259,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Cap a 1990 havÃem escrit o desenvolupat tots els components principals, "
"llevat d'un: el nucli. Poc després, el 1991, Linus Torvalds va desenvolupar "
@@ -211,13 +276,26 @@
"actualment una versió modificada lliure de Linux, anomenada <a
href=\"http://";
"directory.fsf.org/project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"De tota manera, el Projecte GNU no s'ha volgut limitar a sistemes operatius. "
"Volem oferir qualsevol mena de programari que els usuaris desitgin tenir. "
@@ -225,27 +303,43 @@
"\">Directori de programari lliure</a> és un catà leg de totes els programes
i "
"aplicacions lliures."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"També volem oferir programari per a usuaris que no siguin experts en "
"informà tica. Per això và rem desenvolupar un <a
href=\"http://www.gnome.org/";
"\">escriptori grà fic (anomenat GNOME)</a> que ajudés als nouvinguts a "
"utilitzar elsistema GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"També volem oferir jocs i altres entreteniments. Disposem ja de molts <a "
"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>jocs lliures</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -285,14 +379,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Vegeu la <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Guia de "
@@ -301,19 +401,16 @@
"standards/translations/ca/\">Equip de traducció</a> per col·laborar en la "
"traducció al català del web de GNU."
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-# | 2009, 2012, [-2014-] {+2014, 2017+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015, 2016-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008,
+# | 2012, 2017, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
-#| "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -338,6 +435,28 @@
msgstr "Updated:"
#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Vegeu la <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Guia de "
+#~ "traducció</a> per informar-vos sobre la coordinació i publicació de les
"
+#~ "traduccions d'aquest article. <br />Contacteu amb l'<a href=\"/server/"
+#~ "standards/translations/ca/\">Equip de traducció</a> per col·laborar en
la "
+#~ "traducció al català del web de GNU."
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~| msgid ""
+#~| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~| "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
#~ "(The principal version of Linux now contains non-free firmware “"
#~ "blobs”. Free software activists now maintain a modified <a href="
#~ "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>free version</a> of Linux.)"
Index: po/gnu-history.cs.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.cs.po,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/gnu-history.cs.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.15
+++ po/gnu-history.cs.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.16
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-07-07 15:10+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: FrantiÅ¡ek KuÄera <franta-gnu AT frantovo.cz>\n"
"Language-Team: Czech <www-cs-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : 2;\n"
@@ -29,21 +30,42 @@
msgstr ""
"GNU, GNU projekt, FSF, Free Software, Nadace pro svobodný software, historie"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "PÅehled projektu GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"OperaÄnà systém GNU je kompletnà svobodný systém dopÅednÄ
kompatibilnàs "
"Unixem. GNU znamená âGNU's Not Unixâ â âGNU Nenà Unixâ a
vyslovuje se jako "
@@ -54,12 +76,24 @@
"Manifest</a> a vyÅ¡la v bÅeznu 1985. GNU Manifest byl pÅeložen do mnoha <a
"
"href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">dalÅ¡Ãch jazyků</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Název âGNUâ byl vybrán, protože splÅoval nÄkolik požadavků;
zaprvé, je to "
"rekurzivnà akronym pro âGNU Nenà Unixâ, zadruhé, protože je to
existujÃcà "
@@ -67,7 +101,7 @@
"vyslovovat (nebo <a href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html";
"\">zpÃvat</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -90,20 +124,34 @@
"budovat komunitu. (Pokud Å¡ÃÅÃte GNU software, můžete požadovat odmÄnu
za "
"zkopÃrovánÃ, nebo můžete nabÃdnout kopie zdarma). "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Projekt vývoje systému GNU se nazývá âProjekt GNUâ. Projekt GNU byl
založen "
"v roce 1983 jako způsob, jak pÅinést zpátky ducha spolupráce, který byl
"
"komunitÄ kolem poÄÃtaÄů dÅÃve obvyklý â jak opÄt umožnit
spolupráci, "
"odstranÄnÃm pÅekážek uvalených vlastnÃky proprietárnÃho softwaru."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -116,7 +164,7 @@
"svobodný software. ProgramátoÅi mohli volnÄ spolupracovat jeden s druhým
a "
"Äasto tak Äinili. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -128,7 +176,7 @@
"kteÅà zakazovali a znemožÅovali spolupráci uživatelů. To uÄinilo
Projekt GNU "
"nezbytným."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -140,7 +188,7 @@
"proprietárnÃmu softwaru. Prvnà položka na seznamu potÅebného
svobodného "
"software byl tedy pÅirozenÄ svobodný operaÄnà systém."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -150,14 +198,28 @@
"jeho celkový návrh byl osvÄdÄený a pÅenositelný a protože
kompatibilita "
"usnadÅuje unixovým uživatelům pÅechod z Unixu na GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"OperaÄnà systém unixového typu obsahuje jádro (kernel), kompilátory, "
"editory, programy pro úpravu textu, pro práci s poštou, grafické
rozhranÃ, "
@@ -166,7 +228,30 @@
"org/\">Nadace pro svobodný software</a> byla založena v ÅÃjnu 1985,
původnÄ "
"pro shromáždÄnà finanÄnÃch prostÅedků na vývoje GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -174,10 +259,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Kolem roku 1990 jsme už mÄli napsané nebo nalezené vÅ¡echny hlavnÃ
komponenty "
"s jednou výjimkou â jádrem. Potom pÅiÅ¡el Linux, jádro unixového typu,
které "
@@ -190,40 +275,69 @@
"upravenou svobodnou verzi Linuxu zvanou <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
"project/linux\">Linux-libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"NicménÄ projekt GNU se neomezuje jen na operaÄnà systém. Klademe si za
cÃl "
"poskytnout celé spektrum softwaru, který uživatelé chtÄjÃ. To zahrnuje
i "
"aplikaÄnà software. PodÃvejte se na <a href=\"/directory\">Free Software "
"Directory</a>, kde najdete katalog svobodných aplikaÄnÃch programů."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Chceme také poskytovat software uživatelům, kteÅà nejsou poÄÃtaÄovà "
"odbornÃci. Proto pracujeme na <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>grafickém "
"desktopovém prostÅedÃ</a> (zvaném GNOME), které pomůže
zaÄáteÄnÃkům použÃvat "
"systém GNU. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Chceme také poskytovat hry a dalšà zábavu. Mnoho <a
href=\"http://directory.";
"fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">svobodných her</a> je již k dispozici."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -263,14 +377,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Pracujeme tvrdÄ a dÄláme to nejlepÅ¡Ã, abychom vám pÅinesli pÅesné a
kvalitnà "
@@ -281,12 +401,14 @@
"se dozvÃte, jak koordinovat svoji práci a posÃlat pÅeklady tohoto
Älánku."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © [-1999-2002-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017,
+# | 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 1999-2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 1999-2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -308,10 +430,29 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Aktualizováno:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Pracujeme tvrdÄ a dÄláme to nejlepÅ¡Ã, abychom vám pÅinesli pÅesné
a "
+#~ "kvalitnà pÅeklady. NicménÄ i my můžeme udÄlat chybu. VaÅ¡e
komentáÅe a "
+#~ "návrhy na vylepÅ¡enà vÃtáme na adrese <a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
+#~ "org\"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> <p>PÅeÄtÄte si prosÃm
<a "
+#~ "href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">PÅÃruÄku "
+#~ "pÅekladatele</a>, kde se dozvÃte, jak koordinovat svoji práci a
posÃlat "
+#~ "pÅeklady tohoto Älánku."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.de.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.de.po,v
retrieving revision 1.52
retrieving revision 1.53
diff -u -b -r1.52 -r1.53
--- po/gnu-history.de.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.52
+++ po/gnu-history.de.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.53
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Webmasters <webmasters@gnu.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-09-26 22:00+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Jоегg Kоhпе <joeko (AT) online [PUNKT] de>\n"
"Language-Team: German <www-de-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -25,21 +26,42 @@
msgid "GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, History"
msgstr " "
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Geschichte des GNU-Systems"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Das Betriebssystem <b>GNU</b> ist ein vollständig freies Softwaresystem und "
"aufwärtskompatibel mit Unix. <em>GNU</em> steht für <i>GNUâs Not Unix</i>
"
@@ -51,12 +73,24 @@
"manifesto\">GNU-Manifest</a></cite>, veröffentlicht. Es ist <a href=\"/gnu/"
"manifesto#translations\">mehrsprachig</a> übersetzt worden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Der Name <em>GNU</em> wurde gewählt, weil er einiger Belange erfüllte: "
"erstens war es ein rekursives Akronym für <em><span xml:lang=\"en\"
lang=\"en"
@@ -66,7 +100,7 @@
"& Swann, The GNU Song, unter: http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.";
"html\">singen</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -91,13 +125,27 @@
"man GNU-Software weiterverbreitet, kann man ein Entgelt für den physischen "
"Akt der Weitergabe einer Kopie berechnen oder Kopien verschenken)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Das Projekt zur Entwicklung des GNU-Systems wird als das <em>GNU-Projekt</"
"em> bezeichnet. Das GNU-Projekt entstand im Jahr 1983 als eine Möglichkeit, "
@@ -106,7 +154,7 @@
"Software auferlegte Hindernisse zu beseitigen, die die Zusammenarbeit "
"verhinderten und dadurch die Zusammenarbeit wieder möglich werden zu lassen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -120,7 +168,7 @@
"<em>freie</em> Software. Programmierer konnten jederzeit miteinander "
"zusammenarbeiten ‑ und taten es häufig."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -132,7 +180,7 @@
"Eigentümer, die die Zusammenarbeit von Nutzern verbieten und verhindern. "
"Dies machte das GNU-Projekt notwendig."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -144,7 +192,7 @@
"Software gestartet werden. Also musste der erste auf der Freie-Software-"
"Agenda stehende Punkt offensichtlich der eines freien Betriebssystems sein."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -154,14 +202,28 @@
"Gesamtkonzept bereits bewährt und portierbar war und weil Kompatibilität es
"
"für Unix-Benutzer leichter macht, von Unix auf GNU umzusteigen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Ein unixoides Betriebssystem enthält einen Betriebssystemkern, Compiler, "
"Editoren, Textverarbeitungen, E-Mail-Software, grafische Oberflächen, "
@@ -171,7 +233,30 @@
"lang=\"en\">Free Software Foundation</a> (FSF) gegründet, um anfangs Gelder "
"zur Entwicklung von GNU zu beschaffen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -179,10 +264,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Bis 1990 hatten wir entweder die wichtigsten Komponenten gefunden oder "
"geschrieben, mit einer Ausnahme ‑ dem Betriebssystemkern. "
@@ -196,13 +281,26 @@
"inzwischen eine modifizierte Variante namens <b><a href=\"https://directory.";
"fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\">GNU Linux-libre</a></b>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Allerdings ist das GNU-Projekt nicht nur auf das Kern-Betriebssystem "
"beschränkt. Ziel ist eine breite Softwareauswahl ‑ was auch "
@@ -211,11 +309,19 @@
"\">Free Software Directory</a></cite> für ein Verzeichnis von freien "
"Softwareanwendungsprogrammen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Wir möchten auch Software für Nutzer bereitstellen, die keine "
"Rechnerexperten sind. Deshalb wurde eine <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/";
@@ -223,17 +329,25 @@
"\"#tn1\" id=\"tn1-ref\" class=\"tnote\">[1]</a>), um Einsteigern die Nutzung "
"des GNU-Systems zu erleichtern."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Ebenso möchten wir Spiele und anderes Vergnügliches anbieten. Eine Menge <a
"
"href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/category/game\";>freie Spiele</a> sind "
"bereits verfügbar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -282,14 +396,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Bei der Ãbersetzung dieses Werkes wurde mit gröÃter Sorgfalt vorgegangen. "
@@ -303,12 +423,19 @@
"standards/README.translations\">LIESMICH für Ãbersetzungen</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, [-1998, 1999, 2001, 2002,-] 2003, 2005,
+# | [-2007, 2009, 2012-] {+2008, 2012, 2017, 2021+} Free Software Foundation,
+# | Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#| "2009, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -332,13 +459,19 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Letzte Ãnderung:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
@@ -394,13 +527,6 @@
#~ "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
-#~ "2009, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
-#~ "2009, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-
-#~ msgid ""
#~ "Overview of the GNU System - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
#~ msgstr ""
#~ "Ãberblick über das GNU-System - GNU-Projekt - Free Software Foundation"
Index: po/gnu-history.el-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.el-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- po/gnu-history.el-diff.html 8 Jun 2021 08:44:38 -0000 1.8
+++ po/gnu-history.el-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.9
@@ -11,20 +11,28 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.84</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnu-history" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Overview of the GNU System
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta name="Keywords" content="GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free
Software Foundation, History" />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-history.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Overview of the GNU System</h2>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div
class="thin"></div></em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em>It is pronounced as <a
href="/gnu/pronunciation.html">one syllable with a
-hard g</a>.</em></ins></span>
-<a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> made the
+upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”
+It is pronounced as <a href="/gnu/pronunciation.html">one syllable with a
+hard <i>g</i></a>.</em></ins></span>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard</em></ins></span>
Stallman</a> made the
<a href="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Initial Announcement</a>
of
the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called
the <a href="/gnu/manifesto.html">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
in
@@ -34,9 +42,10 @@
<p>
The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few
requirements; first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> second, because
it was a real word, and third, it was fun
to say (or
-<a
href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">Sing</a>).</p>
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">Sing</a>).</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html">sing</a>).</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
The word “free” in “free software” pertains to
@@ -52,7 +61,8 @@
<p>
The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
-Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Project”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Project.”</em></ins></span> The GNU
Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing
community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by
removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of
@@ -87,7 +97,7 @@
text formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games
and many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a
very large job. We started in January 1984.
-The <a href="http://fsf.org/"> Free Software Foundation</a> was
+The <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://fsf.org/"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.fsf.org/"></em></ins></span>
Free Software Foundation</a> was
founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop
GNU.</p>
@@ -98,26 +108,27 @@
complete operating system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that
tens of millions of people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically
via <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/distros">GNU/Linux</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/distros/distros.html">GNU/Linux</em></ins></span>
distributions</a>. The principal
-version of Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”;
+version of Linux now contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> firmware
“blobs”;
free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
-called <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">
+called <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre"></em></ins></span>
Linux-libre</a>.</p>
<p>
However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system.
We aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users
want to have. This includes application software. See
-the <a href="/directory">Free Software Directory</a> for a
catalogue
+the <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/directory">Free</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page">Free</em></ins></span>
Software Directory</a> for a catalogue
of free software application programs.</p>
<p>
We also want to provide software for users who are not computer
experts. Therefore we developed a
-<a href="http://www.gnome.org/">graphical desktop (called
GNOME)</a> to help
+<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.gnome.org/">graphical</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.gnome.org/">graphical</em></ins></span>
desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help
beginners use the GNU system.</p>
<p>We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
-href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free games</a> are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game">free</em></ins></span>
games</a> are
already available.</p>
<p>
@@ -126,11 +137,11 @@
the patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to
provide free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to
do—and thus make proprietary software a thing of the past.</p>
-
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footer"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footer" role="contentinfo"></em></ins></span>
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -148,13 +159,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -175,8 +186,9 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-2009, 2012, <span class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>2014, 2017</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, <span class="removed"><del><strong>1998,
1999, 2001, 2002,</strong></del></span> 2003, 2005, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2007,
+2009,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2008,</em></ins></span> 2012, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2017, 2021</em></ins></span>
+Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
@@ -187,11 +199,12 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/06/08 08:44:38 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></div></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div><!-- for class="inner", starts
in the banner include --></em></ins></span>
</body>
</html>
</pre></body></html>
Index: po/gnu-history.el.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.el.po,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -b -r1.9 -r1.10
--- po/gnu-history.el.po 27 May 2021 19:00:39 -0000 1.9
+++ po/gnu-history.el.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.10
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-05-04 21:55+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Georgios Zarkadas <gz@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Greek <www-el-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -31,19 +31,21 @@
"GNU, ÎÏγο GNU, ÎÎÎ, FSF, ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ, ÎδÏÏ
μα ÎλεÏθεÏοÏ
ÎογιÏμικοÏ, "
"Free Software Foundation, ÎÏÏοÏία, History"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "ÎÏιÏκÏÏηÏη ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-# | {+It is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable
-# | with a hard g</a>.+} <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard
-# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
-# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
-# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
-# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.” It is pronounced as+} <a
+# | [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard <i>g</i></a>.
+# | <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard+} Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the
+# | GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March
+# | 1985. It has been translated into several <a
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -57,14 +59,14 @@
#| "\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Το λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα GNU είναι Îνα ÏλήÏεÏ
ÏÏÏÏημα ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ, "
"ÏÏ
μβαÏÏ Î¼Îµ Ïο Unix. ΠλÎξη GNU Ïημαίνει “GNU's
Not Unix”. Î <a "
@@ -75,12 +77,24 @@
"δημοÏιεÏÏηκε Ïο ÎάÏÏιο ÏοÏ
1985. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Ïο
ÎγγÏαÏο ÎÏει μεÏαÏÏαÏÏεί Ïε ÏολλÎÏ "
"<a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ Î³Î»ÏÏÏεÏ</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Το Ïνομα “GNU” εÏιλÎÏθηκε εÏειδή
ÏληÏοÏÏε οÏιÏμÎÎ½ÎµÏ "
"ÏÏοÏÏοθÎÏειÏ· ÏÏÏÏίÏÏÏÏ, ήÏαν Îνα
αναδÏÎ¿Î¼Î¹ÎºÏ Î±ÎºÏÏνÏμιο για Ïο “GNU's "
@@ -88,7 +102,7 @@
"εÏειδή είναι διαÏκεδαÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î½Î± Ïο Î»ÎµÏ (ή να
Ïο <a href=\"http://www.";
"poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\">ΤÏαγοÏ
δάÏ</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -115,13 +129,27 @@
"ÏÏεÏνεÏε Îνα ÏÎÎ»Î¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη ÏÏ
Ïική ÏÏάξη ÏηÏ
μεÏαÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ Î±Î½ÏίγÏαÏοÏ
, ή "
"μÏοÏείÏε να δίνεÏε δÏÏεάν ανÏίγÏαÏα)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Το á½³Ïγο ανάÏÏÏ
Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GNU
ονομάζεÏαι “ÎÏγο GNU”. Το "
"ÎÏγο GNU δημιοÏ
Ïγήθηκε Ïο 1983 ÏÏ ÎÎ½Î±Ï ÏÏÏÏοÏ
εÏαναÏοÏÎ¬Ï ÏοÏ
κλίμαÏÎ¿Ï "
@@ -130,7 +158,7 @@
"εμÏÏδια ÏÏη ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏία ÏοÏ
εÏιβλήθηκαν
αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î¹Î´Î¹ÏκÏηÏοÏ
"
"λογιÏμικοÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -143,7 +171,7 @@
"διÎνειμαν ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ. Îι
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ Î®Ïαν ελεÏθεÏοι να "
"ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏÏοÏν μεÏÎ±Î¾Ï ÏοÏ
Ï, και ÏÏ
Ïνά Ïο
Îκαναν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -155,7 +183,7 @@
"á½¹Ïι είÏε ιδιοκÏήÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
αÏαγÏÏεÏ
αν και
αÏÎÏÏεÏαν Ïη ÏÏ
νεÏγαÏία ÏÏν ÏÏηÏÏÏν. "
"ÎÏ
ÏÏ Îκανε αναγκαία Ïη δημιοÏ
Ïγία ÏοÏ
ÎÏγοÏ
GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -168,7 +196,7 @@
"λογιÏμικÏ. ÎÏÏι, Ïο ÏÏÏÏο ανÏικείμενο
ÏÏην αÏζÎνÏα ÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï "
"ήÏαν ÏÏοÏανÎÏ ÏÏι ÎÏÏεÏε να είναι Îνα
ελεÏθεÏο λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -179,14 +207,28 @@
"\"#TransNote2\">[2]</a></sup>, κι εÏειδή η ÏÏ
μβαÏÏÏηÏα
Ïο κάνει εÏκολο για "
"ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
Unix να μεÏαÏηδήÏοÏ
ν αÏÏ Ïο
Unix ÏÏο GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Îνα λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα Ïο οÏοίο μοιάζει
με Ïο Unix ÏεÏιλαμβάνει Îνα ÏÏ
Ïήνα, "
"μεÏαγλÏÏÏιÏÏÎÏ, ÏÏ
νÏάκÏÎµÏ ÎºÎµÎ¹Î¼ÎνοÏ
,
διαμοÏÏÏÏÎÏ ÎºÎµÎ¹Î¼ÎνοÏ
, λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ "
@@ -197,7 +239,30 @@
"ÏοÏ
1985, με αÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏκοÏÏ Ïην αÏÏκÏηÏη
εÏÏδÏν ÏÏÏε να βοηθήÏει ÏÏην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη "
"ÏοÏ
GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -205,10 +270,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÎÎÏÏι Ïη δεκαεÏία ÏοÏ
1990, είÏαμε είÏε βÏει
είÏε ÏÏ
γγÏάÏει Ïλα Ïα κÏÏια "
"ÏÏοιÏεία εκÏÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Îνα—Ïον ÏÏ
Ïήνα.
ΤÏÏε Ïο Linux, ÎÎ½Î±Ï ÏαÏÏÎ¼Î¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î¼Îµ "
@@ -222,13 +287,26 @@
"λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏηÏοÏν ÏÏÏα μια
ÏÏοÏοÏοιημÎνη ÎκδοÏη ÏοÏ
Linux, ονομαζÏμενη <a
"
"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"ΩÏÏÏÏο, Ïο ÎÏγο GNU δεν ÏεÏιοÏίζεÏαι μÏνο
ÏÏο κενÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα. "
"ΣÏοÏεÏοÏ
με να ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
με Îνα ολÏκληÏο
ÏάÏμα λογιÏμικοÏ, ο,ÏιδήÏοÏε θελήÏοÏ
ν "
@@ -236,28 +314,44 @@
"ÎείÏε Ïον <a href=\"/directory\">ÎαÏάλογο
ÎλεύθεÏοÏ
ÎογιÏμικού</a>, για Îναν "
"καÏάλογο με ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα εÏαÏμογÏν ÏοÏ
είναι ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏμικÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"ÎÎλοÏ
με εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î½Î± ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
με λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹
για ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
δεν είναι ειδικοί "
"ÏÏοÏ
Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ. ÎναÏÏÏξαμε εÏομÎνÏÏ
κι Îνα <a href=\"http://www.gnome.";
"org/\">γÏαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏεÏιβάλλον (αÏοκαλοÏμενο
GNOME)</a> για να βοηθήÏοÏ
με ÏοÏ
Ï "
"αÏÏάÏιοÏ
Ï Î½Î± ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏοÏ
ν Ïο ÏÏÏÏημα
GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"ÎέλοÏ
με εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î½Î± ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
με ÏαιÏνίδια κι
άλλα είδη ÏÏ
ÏαγÏγίαÏ. Πολλά <a "
"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>ελεÏθεÏα
ÏαιÏνίδια</a> "
"είναι ήδη διαθÎÏιμα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -301,6 +395,7 @@
"Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î¿ÏθÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î® ÏÏοÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να
ÏÏαλοÏν ÏÏο <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -308,14 +403,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÎÏγαζÏμαÏÏε ÏκληÏά και κάνοÏ
με Ï,Ïι
καλÏÏεÏο μÏοÏοÏμε για να ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
με "
@@ -327,15 +428,16 @@
"\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">ÎεÏαÏÏάÏειÏ
ÎÎÎÎÎΣÎÎÎ</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-# | 2009, 2012, [-2014-] {+2014, 2017+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, [-1998, 1999, 2001, 2002,-] 2003, 2005,
+# | [-2007, 2009,-] {+2008,+} 2012, [-2014-] {+2017, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
#| "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"ΠνεÏ
μαÏικά δικαιÏμαÏα:<br />\n"
"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
Index: po/gnu-history.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.51
retrieving revision 1.52
diff -u -b -r1.51 -r1.52
--- po/gnu-history.es.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.51
+++ po/gnu-history.es.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.52
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-09-10 10:21+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Javier Fdez. Retenaga <jfrtnaga@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <www-es-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.11\n"
@@ -37,22 +38,43 @@
"para el software libre, historia"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Visión general del sistema GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"El sistema operativo GNU es un sistema completo de software libre compatible "
"con Unix. El término GNU proviene de «GNU No es Unix». Se pronuncia <a
href="
@@ -65,12 +87,24 @@
"\">idiomas</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"El nombre «GNU» se eligió porque satisfacÃa unos cuantos requisitos. En "
"primer lugar, era un acrónimo recursivo para «GNU No es Unix». En segundo "
@@ -78,7 +112,7 @@
"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\"; >cantar</a>)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -104,13 +138,27 @@
"fÃsico de efectuar la copia, o bien regalar copias)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"El proyecto para desarrollar el sistema GNU se denomina «Proyecto GNU». El "
"Proyecto GNU se concibió en 1983 como un modo de retomar el espÃritu "
@@ -119,7 +167,7 @@
"dueños de software privativo."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -134,7 +182,7 @@
"con otros y lo hacÃan a menudo."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -147,7 +195,7 @@
"usuarios. De ahà que fuera necesario el Proyecto GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -160,7 +208,7 @@
"software libre tenÃa que ser un sistema operativo libre."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -171,14 +219,28 @@
"facilitaba a los usuarios de Unix el cambio de Unix a GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Un sistema operativo similar a Unix incluye un núcleo, compiladores, "
"editores, procesadores de texto, software de correo, interfaces gráficas, "
@@ -188,7 +250,30 @@
"el objetivo inicial de recaudar fondos para ayudar a programar GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -196,10 +281,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"A principios de 1990 ya habÃamos encontrado o programado los componentes "
"principales excepto uno, el núcleo. En 1991 Linus Torvalds programó Linux, "
@@ -215,13 +300,26 @@
"project/linux\">Linux-libre</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"En todo caso, el proyecto GNU no se limita al sistema operativo propiamente "
"dicho. Queremos proporcionar una amplia gama de software, cualquier "
@@ -230,11 +328,19 @@
"puede consultar un catálogo de aplicaciones libres."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"También queremos proporcionar software para usuarios que no son expertos en "
"informática. Por ese motivo creamos un <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/";
@@ -242,10 +348,18 @@
"usar el sistema GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"También queremos ofrecer juegos y otros programas de entretenimiento. "
@@ -253,7 +367,7 @@
"libres</a> ya están disponibles."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -292,7 +406,6 @@
"proponer otras correcciones o sugerencias, dirÃjase a <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
-#
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -300,14 +413,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"El equipo de traductores al español se esfuerza por ofrecer traducciones "
@@ -318,14 +431,18 @@
"\">GuÃa para las traducciones</a> para obtener información sobre la "
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
-# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015, 2016,-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008,
+# | 2012,+} 2017, [-2018-] {+2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -350,10 +467,17 @@
msgstr "Ãltima actualización:"
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.fa.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.fa.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/gnu-history.fa.po 4 Sep 2017 11:03:01 -0000 1.6
+++ po/gnu-history.fa.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.7
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th@free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@
"Ú¯ÙÙ, پرÙÚÙ Ú¯ÙÙ, FSF, ÙرÙ
âاÙزار آزاد, ÙرÙ
اÙزار آزاد, بÙÛاد ÙرÙ
âاÙزار آزاد, "
"تارÛØ®ÚÙ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Ù
رÙØ±Û Ø¨Ø± سÛستÙ
Ú¯ÙÙ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@
#| "\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"سÛستÙ
عاÙ
Ù Ú¯ÙÙ ÛÚ© سÛستÙ
عاÙ
٠کاÙ
Ùا آزاد
بÙد٠ک٠ب٠طÙر ÙزاÛÙدÙâØ§Û Ø¨Ø§ ÛÙÙÛکس "
"سازگار Ù
Ûâباشد. Ú¯ÙÙ Ù
Ø®Ù٠«GNU's Not Unix» است. <a
href=\"http://www.stallman.";
@@ -61,19 +61,25 @@
"href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">اعÙاÙ
ÛÙ Ú¯ÙÙ</a> در سپتاÙ
بر
Û±Û¹Û¸Ûµ Ù
Ùتشر شد ک٠ب٠"
"<a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">ÚÙدÛ٠زباÙ</a> ترجÙ
٠شد٠است."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"ÙاÙ
«گÙÙ» ب٠اÛ٠عÙت اÙتخاب شد٠است Ú©Ù
ØªØ¹Ø¯Ø§Ø¯Û Ø§Ø² ÙÛازÙا را برطر٠Ù
ÛâÚ©ÙØ¯Ø "
"ÙØ®Ø³ØªØ ÛÚ© Ù
Ø®ÙÙ Ø¨Ø§Ø²Ú¯Ø´ØªÛ Ø¨Ø±Ø§Û Â«GNU's Not Unix» استØ
دÙÙ
Ø ÛÚ© Ú©ÙÙ
Ù ÙاÙØ¹Û Ø§Ø³ØªØ "
"سÙÙ
Ø Ø¢ÙÙÚ¯ Ú¯Ùت٠(Ûا <a
href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html";
"\">Ø®ÙاÙدÙ</a>) آ٠جاÙب است."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
@@ -109,20 +115,28 @@
"ÙÛزÛÚ©Û Ø§ÙتÙا٠ÛÚ© Ùسخ٠Ù
بÙØºÛ Ø±Ø§ درÛاÙت Ú©ÙÛد
Ù Ûا Ø¢ÙÙا را ب٠طÙر راÛگا٠ÙدÛÙ "
"Ú©ÙÛد.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"پرÙÚ٠تÙسع٠سÛستÙ
Ú¯ÙÙØ Â«Ù¾Ø±ÙÚÙ Ú¯ÙÙ» ÙاÙ
ÛدÙ
Ù
ÛâØ´Ùد. در سا٠۱۹۸۳ پرÙÚÙ Ú¯Ù٠ب٠"
"عÙÙا٠راÙÛ Ø¨Ø±Ø§Û Ø¨Ø§Ø²Ú¯Ø±Ø¯Ø§Ùد٠رÙØ ÙÙ
Ú©Ø§Ø±Û Ú©Ù
در رÙزÙØ§Û Ùخست در بÛ٠جاÙ
ع٠کاربرا٠"
"کاÙ
Ù¾ÛÙتر ÙجÙد داشت اÛجاد شد تا با از بÛÙ
برد٠Ù
ÙاÙع ک٠تÙسط صاØبا٠"
"ÙرÙ
âاÙزارÙØ§Û Ø§ÙØØµØ§Ø±Û ØªØÙ
Û٠شد٠بÙدÙØ¯Ø ÛÚ©
بار دÛگر ÙÙ
Ú©Ø§Ø±Û Ø±Ø§ Ù
Ù
ک٠سازد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -135,7 +149,7 @@
"تÙزÛع Ù
ÛâکردÙد. برÙاÙ
ÙâÙÙÛسا٠در ÙÙ
کارÛ
با ÛکدÛگر آزاد بÙدÙد ٠اغÙب ÙÛز ÙÙ
ÛÙ "
"کار را اÙجاÙ
Ù
ÛâدادÙد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -147,7 +161,7 @@
"Ù
اÙکا٠آÙÙا ÙÙ
Ú©Ø§Ø±Û ØªÙسط کاربزا٠را Ù
Ùع Ù
ÛâکردÙد ک٠اÛ٠کار ضرÙرت پرÙÚÙ Ú¯Ù٠را "
"اÛجاب Ù
Ûâکرد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -159,7 +173,7 @@
"کاÙ
Ù¾ÛÙتر را شرÙع Ú©ÙÛد. بÙابراÛ٠اÙÙÛÙ
ضرÙرت در ÙرÙ
âاÙزار Ø¢Ø²Ø§Ø¯Ø ÙجÙد ÛÚ© سÛستÙ
"
"عاÙ
٠آزاد است."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -169,7 +183,7 @@
"Ù
ØÚ© Ø®Ùرد٠٠Ùاب٠اÙتÙا٠بÙØ¯Ø Ù ÙÙ
ÚÙÛ٠اÛÙ
Ø³Ø§Ø²Ú¯Ø§Ø±Û Øرکت کاربرا٠ÛÙÙÛکس ب٠گÙÙ "
"را آسا٠Ù
Ûâکرد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "A Unix-like operating system is much more than a kernel; it also includes "
@@ -182,9 +196,9 @@
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"ÛÚ© سÛستÙ
عاÙ
٠شب٠ÛÙÙÛکس Ø®ÛÙÛ Ø¨Ûشتر از ÛÚ©
ÙØ³ØªÙ Ø§Ø³ØªØ Ù Ø´Ø§Ù
٠کاÙ
پاÛÙرÙØ§Ø "
"ÙÛراÛشگرÙØ§Ø Ø¨Ø±ÙاÙ
ÙâÙØ§Û ÙاÙبâبÙØ¯Û Ù
تÙØ
ÙرÙ
âاÙزارÙØ§Û Ù¾Ø³ØªÛ Ù Ø®ÛÙÛ ÚÛزÙØ§Û Ø¯Ûگر "
@@ -193,7 +207,7 @@
"\">بÙÛاد ÙرÙ
âاÙزار آزاد</a> در اکتبر Û±Û¹Û¸Ûµ
بÛشتر Ø¨Ø±Ø§Û Ø¬Ø°Ø¨ سرÙ
اÛ٠جÙت Ú©Ù
ک ب٠"
"تÙسع٠گÙ٠تاسÛس شد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
@@ -210,10 +224,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"تا سا٠۱۹۹۰ ب٠تÙ
اÙ
Û Ø§Ø¬Ø²Ø§Û Ø§ØµÙÛ Ø³ÛستÙ
عاÙ
ÙØ Ø¨Ù Ø¬Ø² Ùست٠دست ÛاÙتÛÙ
Ù Ûا Ø¢ÙÙا "
"را ÙÙشتÛÙ
. سپس ÙÛÙÙÚ©Ø³Ø ÛÚ© Ùست٠شب٠ÛÙÙÛکسØ
در سا٠۱۹۹۱ تÙسط ÙÛÙÙس ترÙاÙدز "
@@ -222,13 +236,20 @@
"Ù
ÛâØ´Ùد Ú©Ù ÙÙ
âاکÙÙ٠دÙâÙا Ù
ÛÙÛÙÙ ÙÙر از
سÛستÙ
âÙØ§Û Ú¯ÙÙ/ÙÛÙÙÚ©Ø³Ø Ø´Ø§Ù
٠اسÙÚ©ÙØ±Ø Ø¯Ø¨ÛاÙØ "
"ردÙت ٠غÛر٠استÙاد٠Ù
ÛâÚ©ÙÙد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"با اÛÙ ØاÙØ Ù¾Ø±ÙÚÙ Ú¯ÙÙ ÙÙØ· ب٠ÛÚ© سÛستÙ
عاÙ
Ù Ù
ØدÙد Ùشد٠است. Ù
ا در Ùظر دارÛÙ
"
"تا ÛÚ© Ù
جÙ
Ùع٠کاÙ
٠از ÙرÙ
âاÙزارÙا را اÛجاد
Ú©ÙÛÙ
Ø Ùر Ø¢ÙÚ٠ک٠بسÛØ§Ø±Û Ø§Ø² کاربرا٠"
@@ -236,28 +257,38 @@
"دÛد٠ÙÙرست برÙاÙ
ÙâÙØ§Û Ú©Ø§Ø±Ø¨Ø±Ø¯Û ÙرÙ
âاÙزار
آزاد ب٠<a href=\"/directory\">شاخ٠"
"ÙرÙ
âاÙزار آزاد</a> Ù
راجع٠ÙÙ
اÛÛد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Ù
ا ÙÙ
ÚÙÛÙ Ùصد دارÛÙ
Ø¨Ø±Ø§Û Ú©Ø§Ø±Ø¨Ø±Ø§ÙÛ Ú©Ù Ø¯Ø± زÙ
ÛÙ٠کاÙ
Ù¾ÛÙتر Ù
Ùارت ÙدارÙد ÙÛز "
"ÙرÙ
âاÙزار تÙÛÙ Ú©ÙÛÙ
ب٠ÙÙ
Û٠جÙت Ù
ا ÛÚ© <a
href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>Ù
Ûز "
"کار گراÙÛÚ©Û</a> ب٠Ù
ÙظÙر Ú©Ù
Ú© ب٠کاربراÙ
تازÙâکار در استÙاد٠از سÛستÙ
Ú¯ÙÙØ "
"اÛجاد کردÛÙ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Ù
ا ÙÙ
ÚÙÛÙ Ù
ÛâØ®ÙاÙÛÙ
بازÛâÙا ٠ابزارÙاÛ
تÙرÛØ Ø¯ÛÚ¯Ø±Û ÙÛز اÛجاد Ú©ÙÛÙ
. ØªØ¹Ø¯Ø§Ø¯Û <a "
"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/category/Game/\";>Ø¨Ø§Ø²Û Ø¢Ø²Ø§Ø¯</a> ÙÙ
âاکÙÙ٠در "
"دسترس است."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
@@ -297,6 +328,7 @@
"دارد. ÙØ·Ùا ÙÛÙÚ©âÙØ§Û Ø®Ø±Ø§Ø¨ Ù Ûا Ù
Ø´Ú©Ùات دÛگر
Ûا Ù¾ÛØ´ÙÙادات Ø®Ùد را ب٠<a href="
"\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu.org></a> ارساÙ
Ú©ÙÛد."
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -304,31 +336,32 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
-"Ù
ا سخت کار Ù
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اÙ
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ÛâبرÛÙ
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-"Ú©ÛÙÛØªÛ Ø§Ø±Ø§Ø¦Ù Ú©ÙÛÙ
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ا عارÛ
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. ÙØ·Ùا ÙظرÙا Ù "
-"Ù¾ÛØ´ÙÙادÙØ§Û Ø®Ùد در اÛ٠رابط٠را ب٠<a
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-"بÛشتر جÙت ÙÙ
اÙÙÚ¯Û Ù Ø§Ø±Ø³Ø§Ù ØªØ±Ø¬Ù
ÙâÙØ§Û Ø§ÛÙ Ù
ÙاÙ٠صÙØÙÙ <a href=\"/server/"
-"standards/README.translations.html\">راÙÙÙ
Ø§Û ØªØ±Ø¬Ù
ÙâÙا</a>
را ببÛÙÛد."
+"ÙØ·Ùا Ø¨Ø±Ø§Û Ø§Ø·Ùاعات بÛشتر جÙت ÙÙ
اÙÙÚ¯Û Ù
ارسا٠ترجÙ
ÙâÙØ§Û Ø§ÛÙ Ù
ÙاÙ٠صÙØÙ <a href="
+"\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">راÙÙÙ
Ø§Û ØªØ±Ø¬Ù
ÙâÙا</a> را ببÛÙÛد."
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"<span dir=\"ltr\">Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, "
-"2005, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</span>"
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
@@ -356,6 +389,26 @@
msgstr "آخرÛ٠ب٠رÙز رساÙÛ:"
#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ù
ا سخت کار Ù
ÛâÚ©ÙÛÙ
٠تÙ
اÙ
تÙاش Ø®Ùد را بÙ
کار Ù
ÛâبرÛÙ
تا ترجÙ
ÙâÙØ§Û Ø¯ÙÛ٠٠با "
+#~ "Ú©ÛÙÛØªÛ Ø§Ø±Ø§Ø¦Ù Ú©ÙÛÙ
. اÙ
ا با اÛÙ ØاÙØ Ù
ا
Ø¹Ø§Ø±Û Ø§Ø² ÙÙص ÙÛستÛÙ
. ÙØ·Ùا ÙظرÙا Ù "
+#~ "Ù¾ÛØ´ÙÙادÙØ§Û Ø®Ùد در اÛ٠رابط٠را ب٠<a
href=\"mailto:www-fa-general@gnu.org";
+#~ "\"><www-fa-general@gnu.org></a>ارسا٠ÙÙ
اÛÛد.</p>
<p>ÙØ·Ùا Ø¨Ø±Ø§Û "
+#~ "اطÙاعات بÛشتر جÙت ÙÙ
اÙÙÚ¯Û Ù Ø§Ø±Ø³Ø§Ù ØªØ±Ø¬Ù
ÙâÙØ§Û Ø§ÛÙ Ù
ÙاÙ٠صÙØÙÙ <a href=\"/"
+#~ "server/standards/README.translations.html\">راÙÙÙ
Ø§Û ØªØ±Ø¬Ù
ÙâÙا</a> را ببÛÙÛد."
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "<span dir=\"ltr\">Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, "
+#~ "2003, 2005, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</span>"
+
+#~ msgid ""
#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
Index: po/gnu-history.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.64
retrieving revision 1.65
diff -u -b -r1.64 -r1.65
--- po/gnu-history.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.64
+++ po/gnu-history.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.65
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-12 19:21+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: \n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
@@ -28,21 +29,42 @@
msgstr ""
"GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, History"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Présentation du système GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Le système d'exploitation GNU est un système complet de logiciels libres
qui "
"a une compatibilité ascendante avec Unix. « GNU » signifie <i>GNU's Not "
@@ -54,12 +76,24 @@
"GNU</a> » a été publiée en septembre 1985. Il a été traduit dans
différentes "
"<a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">langues</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Le nom « GNU » fut choisi parce qu'il satisfaisait à plusieurs
conditions : "
"premièrement c'était un acronyme récursif pour <i>GNU's Not Unix</i>, en "
@@ -67,7 +101,7 @@
"prononcer (ou à <a href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html";
"\">chanter</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -94,13 +128,27 @@
"l'acte physique de transférer une copie, ou bien vous pouvez donner cette "
"dernière sans contrepartie)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Le projet ayant pour but de développer le système d'exploitation GNU est "
"appelé « projet GNU ». Le projet GNU a été conçu en 1983 comme une
manière "
@@ -110,7 +158,7 @@
"logiciels privateurs.<a id=\"TransNote2-rev\" href=\"#TransNote2\"><sup>2</"
"sup></a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -123,7 +171,7 @@
"des logiciels libres. Les programmeurs étaient libres de coopérer entre
eux, "
"et ils le faisaient souvent."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -135,7 +183,7 @@
"qui signifie que les propriétaires de logiciels interdisaient et
empêchaient "
"la coopération entre utilisateurs. Ceci rendit nécessaire le projet GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -148,7 +196,7 @@
"priorité, pour avoir du logiciel libre, était évidemment de créer un
système "
"d'exploitation libre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -159,14 +207,28 @@
"portable, et parce que, pour les utilisateurs d'Unix, la compatibilité "
"rendait plus facile le passage à GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Un système d'exploitation de type Unix comprend un noyau, des compilateurs, "
"des éditeurs, des outils de mise en forme de texte, des logiciels de "
@@ -177,7 +239,30 @@
"logiciel libre) a été fondée en octobre 1985, initialement dans le but de
"
"lever des fonds pour aider au développement de GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -185,10 +270,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"à l'aube des années 90, nous avions trouvé ou écrit tous les composants "
"principaux sauf un, le noyau. Puis Linux, un noyau de type Unix, fut "
@@ -203,13 +288,26 @@
"libre de Linux appelée <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux";
"\">Linux-libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Cependant, le projet GNU ne se limite pas au système d'exploitation. Nous "
"aspirons à fournir tout l'éventail du logiciel, tout ce qui peut
intéresser "
@@ -217,28 +315,44 @@
"catalogue d'applications libres dans le <a href=\"/directory\">répertoire du
"
"logiciel libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Nous voulons également fournir des logiciels pour les utilisateurs qui ne "
"sont pas experts en informatique. Nous avons donc développé <a
href=\"http://";
"www.gnome.org/\">une interface graphique (appelée GNOME)</a> [en] pour
aider "
"les débutants à utiliser le système GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Enfin, nous voulons fournir des jeux et autres logiciels récréatifs. Un "
"grand nombre de <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>jeux "
"libres</a> [en] sont déjà disponibles."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -290,14 +404,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Merci d'adresser vos commentaires sur les pages en français à <<a href="
@@ -308,12 +422,16 @@
"traduction</a> les infos nécessaires."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015, 2016,-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008,
+# | 2012,+} 2017, [-2018, 2019-] {+2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2014-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -338,10 +456,16 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Dernière mise à jour :"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.hr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.hr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- po/gnu-history.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.10
+++ po/gnu-history.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.11
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-06-12 21:13+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Martina Bebek <martinaporec@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: www-hr <www-hr-lista@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n"
@@ -30,21 +31,42 @@
"GNU, Projekt GNU, FSF, Slobodan softver, Zaklada za slobodan softver, "
"Povijest"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Prikaz sustava GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Operacijski sustav GNU je potpun sustav slobodnog softvera, unaprijed "
"kompatibilan s Unixom. GNU znaÄi “GNU Nije Unix”. <a href=\"/"
@@ -55,12 +77,24 @@
"objavljena je u ožujku 1985. godine. Prevedena je na više <a href=\"/gnu/"
"manifesto.html#translations\">razliÄitih jezika</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Naziv “GNU” odabran je zbog toga Å¡to ispunjava nekoliko "
"zahtjeva: prvo, rekurzivna je skraÄenica izraza “GNU Nije Unix”,
"
@@ -68,7 +102,7 @@
"ju (ili <a href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html";
"\">otpjevati</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -92,13 +126,27 @@
"ov softver, možete naplatiti naknadu za fiziÄki Äin umnožavanja
primjeraka "
"ili ih možete dati besplatno.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Projekt za razvoj sustava GNU zove se “Projekt GNU”. Projekt "
"GNU zaÄet je 1983. godine kao naÄin vraÄanja duha suradnje koji je u
ranijim "
@@ -106,7 +154,7 @@
"prepreka suradnji koje su nametnuli vlasnici vlasniÄkog softvera, ponovo "
"omoguÄila suradnja."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -119,7 +167,7 @@
"slobodan softver. Programeri su bili slobodni suraÄivati meÄusobno, Å¡to su
"
"Äesto i Äinili."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -131,7 +179,7 @@
"da je imao vlasnike koji su zabranjivali i spreÄavali suradnju korisnika. To
"
"je uÄinilo projekt GNU neophodnim."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -143,7 +191,7 @@
"bez pribjegavanja vlasniÄkom softveru. Stoga je prva stavka plana slobodnog "
"softvera oÄito morao biti slobodan operacijski sustav."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -153,14 +201,28 @@
"cjelokupan dizajn veÄ bio dokazan i prenosiv, a i stoga jer kompatibilnost "
"olakÅ¡ava korisnicima Unixa da prijeÄu s Unixa na GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Operacijski sustav sliÄan Unixu ukljuÄuje jezgru, prevodioce, ureÄivaÄe "
"teksta, oblikovatelje teksta, grafiÄka suÄelja, biblioteke, igre i mnoge "
@@ -169,7 +231,30 @@
"Zaklada za slobodan softver</a> osnovana je u listopadu 1985. godine, u "
"poÄetku kako bi skupila sredstva koja bi pomogla razvoju GNU-a."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -177,10 +262,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Do 1990. godine pronašli smo ili napisali sve glavne komponente osim "
"jedne—jezgre. Onda je Linus Torvalds 1991. godine razvio Linux, jezgru "
@@ -194,39 +279,68 @@
"Linuxa, nazvanu <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-"
"libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"MeÄutim, projekt GNU nije ograniÄen na srce operacijskog sustava. Težimo "
"pružiti Äitav spektar softvera, sve Å¡to mnogi korisnici žele imati. Ovo "
"ukljuÄuje aplikacijski softver. Pogledajte <a href=\"/directory\">Katalog "
"slobodnog softvera</a>, katalog aplikacijskih programa slobodnog softvera."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Želimo takoÄer pružiti softver korisnicima koji nisu raÄunalni
struÄnjaci. "
"Stoga je razvijena <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>grafiÄka radna
površina "
"(nazvana GNOME)</a> kako bi poÄetnicima olakÅ¡ala koriÅ¡tenje sustava GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Želimo isto tako pružiti igre i drugu zabavu. Mnogo<a href=\"http://";
"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">slobodnih igara</a> veÄ je dostupno."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -266,14 +380,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Radimo naporno i dajemo sve od sebe da bi pružili toÄne, visoko kvalitetne "
@@ -285,12 +405,14 @@
"prijevode</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © [-2010, 2013-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012,
+# | 2017, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -312,10 +434,29 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Zadnji put promijenjeno:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Radimo naporno i dajemo sve od sebe da bi pružili toÄne, visoko "
+#~ "kvalitetne prijevode. MeÄutim, nismo osloboÄeni od nesavrÅ¡enosti. Molim
"
+#~ "vas Å¡aljite vaÅ¡e komentare i opÄenite prijedloge u tom smislu na <a
href="
+#~ "\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</"
+#~ "p> <p>Za informacije o koordiniranju i slanju prijevoda naših mrežnih "
+#~ "stranica, pogledajte <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">README za prijevode</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.id.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.id.po,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/gnu-history.id.po 4 Sep 2017 11:03:01 -0000 1.3
+++ po/gnu-history.id.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.4
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu/gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -27,16 +27,19 @@
"GNU, Proyek GNU, FSF, Perangkat Lunak Bebas, Free Software Foundation, "
"Yayasan Perangkat Lunak Bebas, Sejarah"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Sekilas Sistem GNU"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The GNU [-Project has developed-] {+operating system is+} a complete free
-# | software [-system named “GNU” (GNU's Not Unix) that is
-# | upwardly compatible-] {+system, upward-compatible+} with Unix. {+GNU
-# | stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.+} <a
-# | href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard [-Stallman</a>'s initial
-# | document on-] {+Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | software [-system named “GNU” (GNU's-] {+system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's+} Not [-Unix)
+# | that-] {+Unix.” It+} is [-upwardly compatible-] {+pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable+} with [-Unix.-] {+a hard
+# | <i>g</i></a>.+} <a [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard
+# | Stallman</a>'s initial document on-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the <a
# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of+} the
# | GNU Project [-is-] {+in September 1983. A longer version+} called the <a
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU [-Manifesto</a>, which-] {+Manifesto</a>
@@ -44,7 +47,6 @@
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>. [-We also
# | have the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project, written in 1983.-]
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Project has developed a complete free software system named "
@@ -57,14 +59,14 @@
#| "Announcement</a> of the GNU Project, written in 1983."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Proyek GNU telah mengembangkan sebuah sistem perangkat lunak bebas lengkap "
"yaitu “GNU” (GNU's Not Unix, GNU bukan Unix) yang kompatibel "
@@ -75,14 +77,15 @@
"announcement.html\">Pengumuman pertama</a> perihal proyek ini ditulis pada "
"tahun 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The word “free” [-above-] {+in “free software”+}
# | pertains to <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price.
# | You may or may not pay a price to get GNU software. Either way, once you
@@ -93,7 +96,6 @@
# | distribute an improved version and thus help build the community. (If you
# | redistribute GNU software, you may charge a fee for the physical act of
# | transferring a copy, or you may give away copies.)
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The word “free” above pertains to <a href=\"/philosophy/free-"
@@ -131,13 +133,13 @@
"mendistribusikan ulang perangkat lunak GNU, anda dapat meminta biaya "
"duplikasi, atau juga dapat memberikan secara cuma-cuma)."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The {+project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
-# | Project”. The+} GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
+# | Project.” The+} GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
# | bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing
# | community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by
# | removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary
# | software.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
@@ -145,18 +147,18 @@
#| "days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
#| "obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Proyek GNU dicanangkan pada tahun 1983 sebagai cara untuk mengembalikan "
"semangat gotong-royong masyarakat pengguna komputer pada zaman permulaan "
"adanya komputer—agar kerja-sama dimungkinkan kembali setelah timbul "
"usaha untuk menjadikan perangkat lunak sebagai milik perusahaan."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -169,7 +171,7 @@
"komputer pun sering mendistribusikan perangkat lunak bebas. Para programer "
"pun dapat dan sering secara bebas untuk saling bekerja sama."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -181,11 +183,11 @@
"pemilik perangkat lunak yang melarang dan mencegah kerjasama antara para "
"pengguna. Hal inilah yang mencetuskan dimulainya proyek GNU."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free
# | operating system, then you can't even get started using a computer without
# | resorting to proprietary software. So the first item on the free software
# | agenda [-is-] {+obviously had to be+} a free operating system.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free "
@@ -204,7 +206,7 @@
"Maka dari itu, perangkat lunak bebas pertama yang diagendakan adalah sistem "
"operasi bebas."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -215,14 +217,14 @@
"kompatibilitas yang membuatnya mudah bagi pengguna Unix untuk berganti ke "
"GNU."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | [-An-]{+A Unix-like+} operating system [-is not just a kernel; it also-]
# | includes {+a kernel,+} compilers, editors, text formatters, mail software,
# | {+graphical interfaces, libraries, games+} and many other things. Thus,
# | writing a whole operating system is a very large job. [-It took many
-# | years.-] {+We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>
-# | Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to
-# | raise funds to help develop GNU.+}
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+# | years.-] {+We started in January 1984. The <a
+# | href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in
+# | October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "An operating system is not just a kernel; it also includes compilers, "
@@ -232,15 +234,16 @@
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Sistem operasi bukanlah hanya kernel, tapi juga mencakup kompilator, editor, "
"pemformat teks, perangkat lunak pengirim surat, dan lain sebagainya. Oleh "
"karena itu memprogram sistem operasi merupakan pekerjaan yang sangat besar, "
"yang membutuhkan waktu bertahun-tahun."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | [-The initial goal of a free Unix-like operating system has been
# | achieved.-]By [-the 1990s,-] {+1990+} we had either found or written all
# | the major components except one—the kernel. Then Linux, a [-free-]
@@ -250,12 +253,11 @@
# | Linux-based GNU-] {+the GNU/Linux+} system. Estimates are that
# | [-hundreds-] {+tens+} of [-thousands-] {+millions+} of people now use
# | [-Linux-based GNU-] {+GNU/Linux+} systems, [-including Slackware, Debian,
-# | Red Hat, and others.-] {+typically via <a href=\"/distros\">GNU/Linux
-# | distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free
-# | firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a
-# | modified free version of Linux, called <a
-# | href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+# | Red Hat, and others.-] {+typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains nonfree firmware “blobs”; free
+# | software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called
+# | <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The initial goal of a free Unix-like operating system has been achieved. "
@@ -272,10 +274,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Tujuan awal dari sistem operasi seperti Unix yang bebas telah berhasil "
"diperoleh. Hingga tahun 1990-an, kami telah menyelesaikan komponen-komponen "
@@ -286,14 +288,14 @@
"menggunakan sistem GNU berbasiskan Linux, termasuk Slackware, Debian, Red "
"Hat dan lainnya."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to {+the core+} operating
# | system[-s-]. We aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever
# | many users want to have. This includes application software. [-We
# | already have a spreadsheet. We hope to extend GNU Emacs into a WYSIWYG
# | desktop publishing system over-] {+See+} the [-coming years.-] {+<a
-# | href=\"/directory\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free
-# | software application programs.+}
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+# | href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to operating systems. We aim to "
@@ -304,9 +306,9 @@
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Bagaimana pun, kegiatan proyek GNU tidak hanya terbatas pada sistem "
"operasi. Kami bertujuan untuk menyediakan segala ragam perangkat lunak, apa "
@@ -316,12 +318,12 @@
"(<cite>What You See Is What You Get</cite>, Anda mendapatkan yang anda "
"lihat) dalam beberapa tahun mendatang."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
# | Therefore we [-are now working on-] {+developed+} a <a
# | [-href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>drag-and-drop icon desktop</a>-]
-# | {+href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop (called GNOME)</a>+} to
-# | help beginners use the GNU system.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+# | {+href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop (called GNOME)</a>+}
+# | to help beginners use the GNU system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
@@ -329,18 +331,18 @@
#| "and-drop icon desktop</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Kami juga ingin menyediakan perangkat lunak untuk pengguna yang bukan ahli "
"komputer. Oleh karena itu, kami saat ini sedang mengerjakan <a href=\"http://";
"www.gnome.org/\">sebuah sistem desktop <i>drag-and-drop</i></a> untuk "
"membantu para pemula menggunakan sistem GNU."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. [-Some-] {+Plenty
-# | of+} <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free
+# | of+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free
# | games</a> are already available.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Some <a href="
@@ -348,19 +350,19 @@
#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Kami juga ingin menyediakan permainan dan sarana rekreasi lainnya. Beberapa "
"<a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>permainan bebas</a> "
"telah tersedia."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a
# | href=\"/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the
# | patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to provide
# | free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to do—and
# | thus make proprietary software [-obsolete.-] {+a thing of the past.+}
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
@@ -409,14 +411,23 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Jika anda berminat untuk menjadi relawan-penerjemah, atau ingin memberikan "
@@ -426,16 +437,19 @@
"server/standards/README.translations.html\">panduan menerjemahkan</a> untuk "
"informasi tambahan."
+# type: Content of: <table><tr><td><h3>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | [-What is the-]{+Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012,
+# | 2017, 2021+} Free Software [-Foundation?-] {+Foundation, Inc.+}
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "What is the Free Software Foundation?"
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Apa itu Free Software Foundation?"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
@@ -464,6 +478,26 @@
msgstr "Perubahan terakhir:"
#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Jika anda berminat untuk menjadi relawan-penerjemah, atau ingin "
+#~ "memberikan masukan dalam bahasa Indonesia, atau hanya sekedar ingin tahu "
+#~ "lebih lanjut, silakan <a href=\"/server/standards/translations/id/"
+#~ "indoteam.id.html\">mengunjungi laman tersebut</a>. Silakan juga merujuk "
+#~ "berkas <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">panduan "
+#~ "menerjemahkan</a> untuk informasi tambahan."
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
Index: po/gnu-history.it.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.it.po,v
retrieving revision 1.36
retrieving revision 1.37
diff -u -b -r1.36 -r1.37
--- po/gnu-history.it.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.36
+++ po/gnu-history.it.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.37
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-09-30 22:16+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Andrea Pescetti <pescetti@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Italian\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
@@ -25,21 +26,42 @@
msgstr ""
"GNU, Progetto GNU, FSF, Software Libero, Free Software Foundation, Storia"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Panoramica del Progetto GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Il sistema operativo GNU è un sistema completo di software libero "
"compatibile con Unix. GNU sta per “GNU's Not Unix” (GNU non è "
@@ -51,12 +73,24 @@
"Manifesto GNU</a>, che è stato tradotto in <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
"html#translations\">varie lingue</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Il nome “GNU” fu scelto perché soddisfaceva certi requisiti; in "
"primo luogo, era un acronimo ricorsivo per “GNU's Not Unix”; in "
@@ -64,7 +98,7 @@
"nelle <a href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>canzoni</"
"a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -91,13 +125,27 @@
"certo prezzo per l'atto fisico del trasferimento di una copia, o potete "
"regalarla."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Il progetto per sviluppare un sistema GNU si chiama “Progetto "
"GNU”. Il Progetto GNU fu concepito nel 1983 come un modo per tornare "
@@ -105,7 +153,7 @@
"— per ritornare allo spirito di cooperazione eliminando gli ostacoli "
"imposti dai proprietari del software non libero."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -118,7 +166,7 @@
"distribuivano software libero. I programmatori erano liberi di cooperare gli "
"uni con gli altri, e spesso lo facevano."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -130,7 +178,7 @@
"significa che aveva proprietari che proibivano e impedivano la cooperazione "
"tra gli utenti. Così fu necessario avviare il Progetto GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -143,7 +191,7 @@
"prima voce nel piano di lavoro del software libero fu lo sviluppo di un "
"sistema operativo libero. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -153,14 +201,28 @@
"architettura si era già dimostrata collaudata e portabile, perché la "
"compatibilità rende facile agli utenti di Unix passare da Unix a GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Un sistema operativo comprende un kernel, compilatori, editor, formattatori "
"di testo, software per la posta, interfacce grafiche, librerie, giochi e "
@@ -169,7 +231,30 @@
"Free Software Foundation</a> fu fondata nel mese di ottobre 1985, in un "
"primo momento per raccogliere fondi per sostenere lo sviluppo di GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -177,10 +262,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Entro il 1990 avevamo trovato o scritto tutti i principali componenti "
"eccetto uno: il kernel. Poi Linux, un kernel compatibile con Unix, fu "
@@ -194,40 +279,69 @@
"\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>Linux-libre</a>, una versione "
"modificata libera del kernel."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Tuttavia, il Progetto GNU non si limita al sistema operativo di base. "
"Vogliamo fornire una gamma completa di software, qualsiasi programma gli "
"utenti desiderino avere. Questo include gli applicativi. Nel <a href=\"/"
"directory\">Catalogo di Software Libero</a> si trovano molti applicativi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Vogliamo anche fornire software per utenti che non sono esperti di computer, "
"perciò abbiamo sviluppato un desktop grafico chiamato <a href=\"http://www.";
"gnome.org/\">GNOME</a> per aiutare i principianti ad usare il sistema GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Vogliamo inoltre fornire giochi e altri svaghi. Molti <a href=\"http://";
"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">giochi liberi</a> sono già "
"disponibili."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -267,14 +381,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Le traduzioni italiane sono effettuate ponendo la massima attenzione ai "
@@ -288,12 +402,18 @@
"traduzioni</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015, 2016,-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008,
+# | 2012,+} 2017, [-2018, 2019-] {+2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -318,10 +438,16 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ultimo aggiornamento:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.21
retrieving revision 1.22
diff -u -b -r1.21 -r1.22
--- po/gnu-history.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.21
+++ po/gnu-history.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.22
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-06-25 16:58+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese <web-translators-ja@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -28,21 +29,32 @@
"GNU, GNU Project, FSF, èªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢,
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§"
"ã³, æ´å²"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "GNU ããã¸ã§ã¯ãã®æ¦è¦"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"GNUãªãã¬ã¼ãã¤ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã ã¯Unixã¨ä¸ä½äºæã®å®å
¨ãªèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã·ã¹ãã "
"ã§ããGNU㯓GNU's Not
Unix”(GNUã¯Unixã§ã¯ãªã)ã表ãã¦ãã¾ãã<a "
@@ -53,19 +65,25 @@
"1985å¹´3æã«çºè¡ããã¾ãããããã¯ããã¤ãã®<a
href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
"html#translations\">ã»ãã®è¨èª</a>ã«ç¿»è¨³ããã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"“GNU”ã¨ããååã¯ãããã¤ãã®å¿
è¦ã«é©åããããã«é¸ã°ãã¾ããã第"
"ä¸ã«ãããã“GNU's Not Unix”ã®å帰é
åèªã§ãããã¨ã第äºã«ããã"
"ãç¾å®ã®è¨èã§ãããã¨ã第ä¸ã«ããããè¨ã(ã¾ãã¯<a
href=\"http://www.";
"poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\">ããã</a>)ã®ãããããããã¨ãã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -89,13 +107,21 @@
"ãã¦ã§ã¢ãåé
å¸ããå ´åãããªãã¯ã³ãã¼ã®é
å¸ã®ç©ççè¡çºã«å¯¾ãã¦ææ°æã"
"åã£ã¦ãæ§ãã¾ãããããã ã§ã³ãã¼ãé
ã£ã¦ãããã®ã§ãã)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"GNUã·ã¹ãã
ãéçºããããã¸ã§ã¯ãã¯ãGNUããã¸ã§ã¯ããã¨å¼ã°ãã¾ããGNUãã"
"ã¸ã§ã¯ãã¯1983å¹´ã«æãã¤ããã¾ãããã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã®é»ææã«ã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ãã£ã³ã°"
@@ -103,7 +129,7 @@
"ã¿ãªãªã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã®ææè
ãã¡ã«ãã£ã¦æ¼ãã¤ããããååã妨ããé害ãæãã"
"ååãããä¸åº¦å¯è½ã¨ããä¸ã¤ã®æ段ã¨ãã¦çã¾ãããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -115,7 +141,7 @@
"ãããã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ä¼ç¤¾ãèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãé
å¸ãããã¨ããããã¾ãããããã°"
"ã©ããã¡ã¯ãäºãèªç±ã«ååãåããã¨ãã§ããã¾ããã°ãã°ãããã¦ããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -127,7 +153,7 @@
"ãã¦ã§ã¢ã«ãã¦ã¼ã¶ã«ããååãç¦æ¢ã妨ãããã¨ããææè
ãããã®ã§ããGNUãã"
"ã¸ã§ã¯ããå¿
è¦ã¨ããã®ã¯ã¾ãã«ãã®ããã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -140,7 +166,7 @@
"ãã¦ã§ã¢ã®èª²é¡ã®æåã®é
ç®ã¯ãæããã«ãèªç±ãªãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã ã§ãªã"
"ãã°ãªããªãã®ã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -151,14 +177,22 @@
"ãã£ãããã§ããå
ãã¦ãäºææ§ãæããããã¨ã§Unixã®ã¦ã¼ã¶ã«ã¨ã£ã¦UnixããGNU"
"ã¸ã®ç§»è¡ãç°¡åã«ãããã¨ãã§ããã¨èãããã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Unixã©ã¤ã¯ãªãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã
ã«ã¯ã«ã¼ãã«ãã³ã³ãã¤ã©ãã¨ãã£ã¿ããã"
"ã¹ããã©ã¼ããã¿ãã¡ã¼ã«ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã°ã©ãã£ã«ã«ã»ã¤ã³ã¿ãã§ã¼ã¹ãã©ã¤ãã©"
@@ -168,7 +202,19 @@
"1985å¹´10æã«è¨ç«ããã¾ããããå½åã¯GNUã®éçºã«è³ééããããæä¼ãããããã"
"ã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -176,10 +222,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"1990å¹´ã¾ã§ã«ãããããã¡ã¯ãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã
ãæ§æãããã¹ã¦ã®ä¸»è¦ãªé¨"
"åããã²ã¨ã¤ãé¤ãã¦ãè¦ã¤ãããæ¸ãä¸ãã¦ãã¾ãããã«ã¼ãã«ã
ããã§ãã¦ãã¾"
@@ -193,13 +239,20 @@
"å¤æ´ãããèªç±ãªãã¼ã¸ã§ã³ã®Linuxã§ãã<a
href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
"project/linux\">Linux-libre</a>ãä¿å®ãã¦ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"ããããªãããGNUããã¸ã§ã¯ãã®å¯¾è±¡ã¯ãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã·ã¹ãã
ã®ä¸å¿ã«éå®ãã"
"ããã®ã§ã¯ããã¾ãããããããã¡ã¯ããããåéã®å¤ãã®ã¦ã¼ã¶ãæãã½ããã¦ã§"
@@ -207,28 +260,38 @@
"ã¾ãã¾ããèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã®ã¢ããªã±ã¼ã·ã§ã³ããã°ã©ã
ã®ã«ã¿ãã°ã¯ã<a href="
"\"/directory\">èªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã»ãã£ã¬ã¯ããª</a>ãã覧ãã
ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"ã¾ããããããã¡ã¯ã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã®å°é家ã§ã¯ãªãã¦ã¼ã¶ã対象ã¨ããã½ããã¦ã§ã¢"
"ãæä¾ãããã¨èãã¦ãã¾ããããã§ãããããã¡ã¯<a
href=\"http://www.gnome.";
"org/\">(GNOMEã¨å¼ã°ãã)ã°ã©ãã£ã«ã«ã»ãã¹ã¯ããã</a>ãéçºããåå¿è
ãGNUã·"
"ã¹ãã ã使ããããå©ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"ããããã¡ã¯ã²ã¼ã
ããã®ä»ã®ã¬ã¯ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãæä¾ãããã¨æã£ã¦ãã¾ããããã"
"ãã®<a
href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>èªç±ãªã²ã¼ã </a>"
"ããã§ã«å©ç¨å¯è½ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -267,29 +330,33 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"æ£ç¢ºã§è¯ãå質ã®ç¿»è¨³ãæä¾ããããåªåãã¦ãã¾ãããä¸å®å
¨ãªå ´åããããã¨æ"
"ãã¾ãã翻訳ã«é¢ããã³ã¡ã³ãã¨ææ¡ã¯ã<a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
"org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã«ãããããã¾ãã</p><p>ããããã¡"
-"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨æåºã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
+"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨è²¢ç®ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
"README.translations.html\">翻訳 README</a>ãã覧ãã ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -311,10 +378,16 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æçµæ´æ°:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.ko.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ko.po,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/gnu-history.ko.po 5 Jul 2019 09:58:29 -0000 1.2
+++ po/gnu-history.ko.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.3
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th@free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -26,18 +26,19 @@
msgid "GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, History"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "GNU ì²´ì ì ìì¬"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The GNU [-Project has developed-] {+operating system is+} a complete free
# | software [-system named “GNU” (GNU's-] {+system,
# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's+} Not [-Unix)
-# | that-] {+Unix”. It+} is [-upwardly compatible-] {+pronounced as <a
+# | that-] {+Unix.” It+} is [-upwardly compatible-] {+pronounced as <a
# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable+} with [-Unix.-] {+a hard
-# | g</a>.+} <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard [-Stallman</a>'s
-# | initial document on-] {+Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | <i>g</i></a>.+} <a [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard
+# | Stallman</a>'s initial document on-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the <a
# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of+} the
# | GNU Project [-is-] {+in September 1983. A longer version+} called the <a
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU [-Manifesto</a>, which-] {+Manifesto</a>
@@ -57,14 +58,14 @@
#| "Announcement</a> of the GNU Project, written in 1983."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"GNU(ê·¸-ë´) íë¡ì í¸ë âGNUâ(Gnu is Not Unix - 'GNUë ì ëì¤ê°
ìëë¤'ë¼ë ë»"
"ì ì¬ê·ì ì½ì´)ë¼ê³ ë¶ë¦¬ë ì ëì¤ í¸í ìì
ìíí¸ì¨ì´ë¤ì ê°ë°í´ ììµëë¤. "
@@ -75,15 +76,15 @@
"ì§ <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">ë°ê¸°ë¬¸</a>ë ì°¸ê³ í ì
ììµë"
"ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The word “free” [-above-] {+in “free software”+}
# | pertains to <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price.
# | You may or may not pay a price to get GNU software. Either way, once you
@@ -131,9 +132,9 @@
"ê²½ì°, ë°°í¬ë³¸ ì ìì ììë ê²½ë¹ë¥¼ 충ë¹í기 ìí´ì ì´ë¥¼
ì ì í ê°ê²©ì í매í "
"ì ììµëë¤.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The {+project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
-# | Project”. The+} GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
+# | Project.” The+} GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of
# | bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing
# | community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by
# | removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary
@@ -145,18 +146,18 @@
#| "days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
#| "obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"GNU íë¡ì í¸ë ì´ê¸°ì ì»´í¨í° ê³µëì²´ ìì 충ë§í´ ìë
í¸ìì ì¸ ìí¸ íë ¥ì ì "
"ì ì ì¬ê±´í기 ìí 구체ì ì¸ ì¤í ë°©ë²ì¼ë¡ 1983ë
ì
ììëìì¼ë©°, ì´ë ë
ì ì"
"íí¸ì¨ì´ì ìì ìë¤ì´ ë§ë ì¥ë²½ë¤ì ì ê±°í¨ì¼ë¡ì¨ ìí¸
íë ¥ì íí 를 ë¤ì í"
"ë² ë¶íìí¤ë ê²ì ê·¸ 목ì ì¼ë¡ í©ëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -168,7 +169,7 @@
"ì¼íê² ëìëë°, ê·¸ ìì ì ìì
ì ì¸ ì»´í¨í° íì¬ë¤
ì¡°ì°¨ë ìì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ë¥¼ ë°°"
"í¬íë ëìì¼ë¯ë¡ íë¡ê·¸ë머ë¤ì ìë¬´ë° ì ì½ìì´ ìë¡
íë ¥í ì ìììµëë¤"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@
"í¸ íë ¥ì ê·¸ë¤ì ê¶ë¦¬ë¥¼ ë´ì¸ìì ê¸ì§ìì¼°ìµëë¤. ë°ë¡
ì´ê²ì´ GNU íë¡ì í¸ê° "
"ììë ì´ì ììµëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free
# | operating system, then you can't even get started using a computer without
# | resorting to proprietary software. So the first item on the free software
@@ -203,7 +204,7 @@
"를 ì´ì©í ìë°ì ìì ê²ì
ëë¤. ë°ë¼ì, ìì
ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì ëí 첫ë²ì§¸ ê³¼ì ë "
"ìì ì´ìì²´ì 를 ë§ëë ê²ì´ììµëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -214,14 +215,14 @@
"ì±ì íµí´ì ë§ì ì ëì¤ ì¬ì©ìë¤ì´ ë³´ë¤ ì½ê² GNU
íê²½ì¼ë¡ ì ìí ì ìëë¡ í"
"기 ìí´ì ì
ëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | [-An-]{+A Unix-like+} operating system [-is not just a kernel; it also-]
# | includes {+a kernel,+} compilers, editors, text formatters, mail software,
# | {+graphical interfaces, libraries, games+} and many other things. Thus,
# | writing a whole operating system is a very large job. [-It took many
-# | years.-] {+We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>
-# | Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to
-# | raise funds to help develop GNU.+}
+# | years.-] {+We started in January 1984. The <a
+# | href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in
+# | October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "An operating system is not just a kernel; it also includes compilers, "
@@ -231,16 +232,16 @@
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"ì´ìì²´ì ë ë¨ìí 커ëë§ì ì미íë ê²ì´ ìëëë¤.
ì´ìì²´ì ìë ì»´íì¼ë¬ì 문"
"ì í¸ì§ê¸°, ì¡°í íë¡ê·¸ë¨, ë©ì¼ ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì ê°ì
ë¤ìí ì¢
ë¥ì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ë¤"
"ì´ íµí©ëì´ ìì´ì¼ í©ëë¤. ë°ë¼ì, ìì±ë ì´ìì²´ì 를
ë§ë ë¤ë ê²ì 무ì²ì´ë "
"ë°©ëí ìì
ì´ë©° ë§ì ì¸ìì´ íìí ì¼ì
ëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | [-The initial goal of a free Unix-like operating system has been
# | achieved.-]By [-the 1990s,-] {+1990+} we had either found or written all
# | the major components except one—the kernel. Then Linux, a [-free-]
@@ -252,9 +253,9 @@
# | [-Linux-based GNU-] {+GNU/Linux+} systems, [-including Slackware, Debian,
# | Red Hat, and others.-] {+typically via <a
# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
-# | version of Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free
+# | version of Linux now contains nonfree firmware “blobs”; free
# | software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called
-# | <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
+# | <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The initial goal of a free Unix-like operating system has been achieved. "
@@ -271,10 +272,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"ìì ì´ìì²´ì ì ëí ì°ë¦¬ì 첫 ë²ì§¸ ê³íì 1990ë
ëì
ìì ì¤íëììµëë¤. 커"
"ëì ì ì¸í 주ì ë¶ë¶ë¤ì ìë¡ê² ìì±íê³ ì·¨í©íë ê³¼ì
ìì ì°ë¦¬ë 리ëì¤ í "
@@ -284,14 +285,15 @@
"ì ë°ë¹ì, ë ëíê³¼ ê°ì GNU ìì¤í
ì 기ë°í ë§ì
ì´ìì²´ì ë¤ì´ ì´ì ë ììë§"
"ì ë¬íë ì¬ì©ì를 ê°ê² ëììµëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to {+the core+} operating [-system
# | development.-] {+system.+} We aim to provide a whole spectrum of
# | software, whatever many users want to have. This includes application
# | software. [-We already have a spreadsheet. We hope to extend GNU Emacs
# | into a WYSIWYG desktop publishing system over-] {+See+} the [-coming
-# | years.-] {+<a href=\"/directory\">Free Software Directory</a> for a
-# | catalogue of free software application programs.+}
+# | years.-] {+<a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free
+# | Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application
+# | programs.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to operating system development. "
@@ -302,20 +304,20 @@
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"ê·¸ë¬ë, GNU íë¡ì í¸ê° ë¨ì§ ì´ìì²´ì ì ê°ë°ìë§
êµíëë ê²ì ìëëë¤. ì°ë¦¬"
"ì 목íë ììê° ìë 모ë ë¶ë¬¸ì ìì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ë¥¼ ì
ê³µíë ê²ì
ëë¤. ìì© "
"ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì¸ ì¤íë ëìí¸ê° ì´ë¯¸ íì©ëê³ ìì¼ë©° GNU
Emacs를 ëªë
ìì "
"WYSIWYG ííì ìë²½í íì ì¶í ìì¤í
ì¼ë¡ íì¥ìí¬
ê³íì
ëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
# | Therefore we [-are now working on <a
# | href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>GNOME</a>,-] {+developed+} a [-simple
-# | graphical interface-] {+<a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical
+# | graphical interface-] {+<a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical
# | desktop (called GNOME)</a>+} to help beginners use the GNU system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -324,16 +326,16 @@
#| "a>, a simple graphical interface to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"ì¼ë°ì¸ë¤ì ìí ìíí¸ì¨ì´ ìì ë§ë¤íì§ ìì ê²ì
ëë¤. GNU ìì¤í
ì ìµìí"
"ì§ ìì ì´ë³´ìë¤ì ìí´ì <a
href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>GNOME</a>ê³¼ ê°ì "
"ê·¸ëí½ íê²½ì ê°í¸í ì¬ì©ì ì¸í°íì´ì¤ì ëí ê°ë°ì´
ì´ë¯¸ ì§íëê³ ììµëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. [-Some free games-]
-# | {+Plenty of <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free
+# | {+Plenty of <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free
# | games</a>+} are already available.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -341,14 +343,14 @@
#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"íì¬ íì©ë ì ìë ëª ì¢
ë¥ì <a
href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Category/Game\">ê²ì</a>ê³¼ ê°ì´ ì¶ì íë ¥ìê° ë ì ìë
ë¤ìí ì¢
ë¥ì ìíí¸"
"ì¨ì´ ëí ì¤ë¹ëê³ ìì¼ë©°, ì´ë ì°ë¦¬ê° ê°ê³ ìë
ëíëì 목íì´ê¸°ë í©ëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a
# | href=\"/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the
# | patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to provide
@@ -393,6 +395,7 @@
"ììµëë¤. ëì´ì§ ë§í¬ë ë¤ë¥¸ ìì ì¬í ëë ì ìì <a
href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a> ìì¼ë¡ ë³´ë´
주ì¸ì."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -400,26 +403,34 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ì´ ê¸ì ë¤ë¥¸ ì¸ì´ ë²ì문 ìì±ì´ë ì ì¶ì ëí ì ë³´ë <a
href=\"/server/"
"standards/README.translations.html\">ë²ì ìë´</a>를 ì°¸ê³ í´
주ì¸ì."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © [-2011-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017,
+# | 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -440,3 +451,11 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ìµì¢
ìì ì¼:"
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001 Free Software Foundation, "
+#~ "Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.ml.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ml.po,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- po/gnu-history.ml.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.39
+++ po/gnu-history.ml.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.40
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-06-01 17:26+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Aiswarya Kaitheri Kandoth <aiswaryakk29@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Malayalam <www-ml-gnu-malayalam-project-public@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8-bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 20.12.0\n"
@@ -27,21 +28,42 @@
msgstr "à´àµà´¨àµ,à´àµà´¨àµ à´¸à´à´°à´à´à´,
à´à´«àµà´à´¸àµà´à´«àµ, à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°
à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ,à´«àµà´°àµ
à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ
à´«àµà´£àµà´àµà´·à´¨àµâ,à´à´°à´¿à´¤àµà´°à´"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "à´àµà´¨àµ à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´
à´¸à´à´µà´¿à´§à´¾à´¨à´ à´à´±àµà´±à´¨àµà´¾à´àµà´à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´²àµâ "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"à´ªàµà´°àµâà´£àµà´£à´®à´¾à´¯àµà´
à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°à´®à´¾à´¯à´¤àµà´
'à´¯àµà´¨à´¿à´àµà´¸àµ'-à´¨àµà´àµ à´
à´¨àµà´¸àµà´¤à´®à´¾à´¯à´¤àµà´
à´à´¯ à´à´°àµ à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´
à´¸à´à´µà´¿à´§à´¾à´¨à´®à´¾à´£àµàµ à´àµà´¨àµ. GNU "
"à´à´¨àµà´¨à´¾à´²àµâ “GNU's Not Unix”. 1983
à´¸àµà´ªàµà´±àµà´±à´®àµà´ªà´±à´¿à´²àµâ <a href=\"http://www.";
@@ -52,19 +74,31 @@
"പരിà´à´¾à´·à´ªàµà´ªàµà´àµà´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´¯à´¿à´àµà´àµà´£àµà´àµàµ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"à´à´¿à´² à´¸àµà´à´°àµà´¯à´àµà´à´³àµâ
à´à´£à´àµà´à´¿à´²àµà´àµà´¤àµà´¤à´¾à´£àµ “à´àµà´¨àµ”
à´à´¨àµà´¨ à´ªàµà´°àµàµ തിരà´àµà´àµà´àµà´¤àµà´¤à´¤àµàµ.
à´à´¦àµà´¯à´ à´
തിനàµàµ "
"“GNU's Not Unix”(GNU) à´à´¨àµà´¨
വിശദàµà´à´°à´£à´®àµà´£àµà´àµàµ പിനàµà´¨àµ à´
à´¤àµàµ
à´à´°àµ യഥാരàµâà´¤àµà´¥ വാà´àµà´à´¾à´£àµàµ, "
"à´®àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¾à´®à´¤à´¾à´¯à´¿ à´
തിനàµà´±àµ <a
href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html";
"\">à´à´àµà´à´¾à´°à´£à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´²àµâ </a>à´à´°àµ
à´¸àµà´¨àµà´¦à´°àµà´¯à´®àµà´£àµà´àµàµ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -86,13 +120,27 @@
"à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ
à´µàµà´±àµà´¾à´°à´¾à´³àµâà´àµà´àµàµ വിലàµâà´àµà´à´¾à´¨àµ
à´µàµà´±àµà´¤àµ നലàµâà´à´¾à´¨àµ
നിà´àµà´à´³àµâà´àµà´à´µà´à´¾à´¶à´®àµà´£àµà´àµàµ.)"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"à´àµà´¨àµ à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´ à´¸à´à´µà´¿à´§à´¾à´¨à´
à´®àµà´àµà´à´ªàµà´ªàµà´àµà´¤àµà´¤àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´¿à´¨àµà´³àµà´³
à´¸à´à´°à´à´à´®à´¾à´£àµàµ à´àµà´¨àµ à´¸à´à´°à´à´à´.
à´à´®àµà´ªàµà´¯àµà´àµà´à´¿à´àµà´à´¿à´¨àµà´±àµ "
"à´²àµà´à´¤àµà´¤àµàµ നിലനിനàµà´¨à´¿à´°àµà´¨àµà´¨
പരസàµà´ªà´° സഹà´à´°à´£à´ à´à´àµà´à´¿
à´à´±à´ªàµà´ªà´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´¿à´¨àµà´³àµà´³ à´à´°àµ
മാരàµâà´àµà´à´ âà´à´¨àµà´¨ നിലയിലാണàµàµ "
@@ -100,7 +148,7 @@
"à´à´£àµà´à´¾à´àµà´à´¿à´¤àµà´¤àµà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤
à´¤à´à´¸àµà´¸à´àµà´à´³àµâ
à´¤à´àµà´à´¿à´¨àµà´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´¿à´¨àµà´."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -114,7 +162,7 @@
"à´¸àµà´µà´¾à´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°àµà´¯à´®àµà´£àµà´à´¾à´¯à´¿à´°àµà´¨àµà´¨àµ,
à´
വരതàµà´ªà´¯àµà´à´¿à´àµà´à´¿à´°àµà´¨àµà´¨àµ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -127,7 +175,7 @@
"à´¸à´à´°à´à´à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´¨àµà´±àµ à´
നിവാരàµà´¯à´¤à´¯à´¿à´²àµà´¯àµà´àµà´àµ
നയിà´àµà´à´¤àµàµ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -140,7 +188,7 @@
"à´à´¾à´°àµà´¯à´ªà´°à´¿à´ªà´¾à´à´¿à´¯à´¿à´²àµâ
à´à´¦àµà´¯à´¤àµà´¤àµà´¤àµ à´à´°àµ à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´
à´¸à´à´µà´¿à´§à´¾à´¨à´®à´¾à´£àµàµ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -150,14 +198,28 @@
"à´à´³àµà´ªàµà´ªà´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´²àµâ മാറàµà´±à´¿
à´à´ªà´¯àµà´à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´à´¾à´®àµà´¨àµà´¨àµà´³àµà´³à´¤àµà´àµà´¾à´£àµà´àµà´
,à´¯àµà´¨à´¿à´àµà´¸à´¿à´¨àµàµ à´
à´¨àµà´¸àµà´¤à´®à´¾à´¯ à´à´°àµ
à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´ à´¸à´à´µà´¿à´§à´¾à´¨à´ "
"à´à´£àµà´à´¾à´àµà´à´¾à´¨àµâ à´¤àµà´°àµà´®à´¾à´¨à´¿à´àµà´àµ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"à´¯àµà´¨à´¿à´àµà´¸à´¿à´¨àµ à´ªàµà´²àµà´³àµà´³ à´à´°àµ
à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´ à´¸à´à´µà´¿à´§à´¾à´¨à´,
à´àµà´°àµâണലàµâ à´à´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´¿à´²àµà´ വളരàµ
വലàµà´¤à´¾à´£àµàµ.à´
തിലàµâ
à´à´®àµà´ªàµà´²à´±àµà´à´³àµâ, "
"à´°à´à´¨ à´à´´àµà´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´à´àµà´à´³àµâ, à´°à´à´¨
à´à´¿à´àµà´à´ªàµà´ªàµà´àµà´¤àµà´¤àµà´¨àµà´¨
à´ªàµà´°à´¯àµà´à´àµà´à´³àµâ, à´à´¤àµà´¤àµàµ
à´àµà´à´¾à´°àµà´¯à´ à´àµà´¯àµà´¯àµà´¨àµà´¨
à´ªàµà´°à´¯àµà´à´àµà´à´³àµâ à´¤àµà´à´àµà´à´¿ "
@@ -166,7 +228,30 @@
"സഹായതàµà´¤à´¿à´¨à´¾à´¯à´¿ ധനà´
à´¸àµà´µà´°àµà´ªà´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´àµà´ âà´à´¨àµà´¨
à´²à´àµà´·àµà´¯à´¤àµà´¤àµà´àµ 1985 à´à´àµà´àµà´¬à´±à´¿à´²àµâ <a
href=\"http://fsf.";
"org/\">à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°
à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ
à´«àµà´£àµà´àµà´·à´¨àµâ</a> à´¸àµà´¥à´¾à´ªà´¿à´¤à´®à´¾à´¯à´¿."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -174,10 +259,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"1990-à´à´àµ à´àµà´°àµâണലàµâ à´à´´à´¿à´àµ
മറàµà´±àµà´²àµà´²à´¾ à´ªàµà´°à´§à´¾à´¨ à´à´à´à´àµà´à´³àµà´
à´à´´àµà´¤àµà´à´¯àµ à´à´£àµà´àµà´¤àµà´¤àµà´à´¯àµ
à´àµà´¯àµà´¤àµ. പിനàµà´¨àµà´àµàµ "
"1991-à´²àµâ ലിനസൠà´àµà´°àµâവാളàµâà´¡àµà´¸àµ
à´¯àµà´¨à´¿à´àµà´¸àµ മാതàµà´à´¯à´¿à´²àµà´³àµà´³
ലിനà´àµà´¸àµ à´à´¨àµà´¨ à´àµà´°àµâണലàµâ
നിരàµâà´®àµà´®à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´àµà´à´¯àµà´ 1992-à´²àµâ à´
à´¤àµàµ "
@@ -190,13 +275,26 @@
"à´à´ªàµà´ªàµà´³àµâ നിലനിരàµâà´¤àµà´¤àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤àµ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"à´à´¨àµà´¨à´¾à´²àµâ à´µàµà´±àµà´ à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´
à´¸à´à´µà´¿à´§à´¾à´¨à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´²àµâ മാതàµà´°à´
à´à´¤àµà´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´²àµà´² à´àµà´¨àµ à´¸à´à´°à´à´à´.
à´ªàµà´¾à´¤àµà´µàµ "
"à´à´ªà´àµà´àµà´¤à´¾à´àµà´à´³àµâà´àµà´àµàµ
à´à´µà´¶àµà´¯à´®àµà´³àµà´³ âà´à´²àµà´²à´¾
à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´±àµà´
നിരàµâà´®àµà´®à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´àµà´ à´à´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´¾à´£àµàµ
à´à´àµà´à´³àµà´àµ à´²à´àµà´·àµà´¯à´. à´
തിലàµâ "
@@ -205,27 +303,43 @@
"തനàµà´¨àµà´¯àµà´£àµà´àµàµ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"à´à´®àµà´ªàµà´¯àµà´àµà´à´°àµâ
വിദà´àµà´§à´°à´²àµà´²à´¾à´¤àµà´¤à´µà´°àµâà´àµà´àµà´
à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ നലàµâà´à´¾à´¨àµâ
à´à´àµà´à´³à´¾à´àµà´°à´¹à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨àµ.à´
à´¤àµà´àµà´¾à´£àµà´àµàµ
à´¤àµà´à´àµà´à´àµà´à´¾à´°àµâà´àµà´àµàµ "
"à´àµà´¨àµ à´à´ªà´¯àµà´à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´à´¾à´¨à´¾à´¯à´¿ à´à´°àµ <a
href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>à´àµà´°à´¾à´«à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´à´²àµâ
പണിയിà´à´ "
"(à´àµà´¨àµà´ à´à´¨àµà´¨ à´ªàµà´°à´¿à´²àµâ)</a>
à´à´àµà´à´³àµâ നിരàµâà´®àµà´®à´¿à´àµà´àµ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"à´à´³à´¿à´à´³àµà´ മറàµà´±àµ വിനàµà´¦à´àµà´à´³àµà´
നിരàµâà´®àµà´®à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´à´¾à´¨àµà´
à´à´àµà´à´³àµâà´àµà´àµàµ à´à´àµà´°à´¹à´®àµà´£àµà´àµàµ. <a
href=\"http://directory.";
"fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°
à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ à´à´¯ à´àµà´±àµ
à´à´³à´¿à´à´³àµâ</a> à´à´ªàµà´ªàµà´³àµâ തനàµà´¨àµ "
"à´²à´àµà´¯à´®à´¾à´£àµàµ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -259,6 +373,7 @@
"നിരàµâà´¦àµà´¦àµà´¶à´àµà´à´³àµà´ à´
à´à´¿à´ªàµà´°à´¾à´¯à´àµà´à´³àµà´ <a
href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><"
"webmasters@gnu.org></a> à´à´¨àµà´¨
വിലാസതàµà´¤à´¿à´²àµà´¯àµà´àµà´àµàµ
à´à´´àµà´¤à´¾à´µàµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´¾à´£àµàµ."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
@@ -267,14 +382,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"à´àµà´¨àµ താളàµà´à´³àµà´àµ മലയാളà´
പരിà´à´¾à´·à´à´³àµâ à´àµà´¤àµà´¯à´µàµà´
നിലവാരമàµà´³àµà´³à´¤àµà´®à´¾à´àµà´à´¾àµ»
à´à´àµà´à´³àµâ പരമാവധി
à´¶àµà´°à´®à´¿à´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨àµà´£àµà´àµàµ. "
@@ -284,13 +405,20 @@
"താളàµà´à´³àµà´àµ പരിà´à´¾à´·à´àµ¾
സമർപàµà´ªà´¿à´àµà´à´¾à´¨àµà´ ബനàµà´§à´ªàµà´ªàµà´àµà´
വിവരà´àµà´àµ¾à´àµà´àµà´ <a href=\"/server/standards/"
"README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> à´¨àµà´àµà´àµà´."
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, [-1998, 1999, 2001, 2002,-] 2003, 2005,
+# | [-2007-] {+2008, 2012, 2017, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.[-,-]
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007 "
+#| "Free Software Foundation, Inc.,"
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"à´ªà´à´°àµâà´ªàµà´ªà´µà´à´¾à´¶à´ © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001,
2003, 2005, 2007 à´«àµà´°àµ "
+"à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ à´«àµà´£àµà´àµà´·à´¨àµâ "
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -315,13 +443,19 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "à´ªàµà´¤àµà´àµà´à´¿à´¯à´¤àµàµ:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
# type: Content of: <title>
#~ msgid ""
@@ -453,14 +587,6 @@
#~ "à´à´£àµà´£à´¿à´à´³àµà´àµà´±à´¿à´àµà´àµà´ മറàµà´±àµàµ
നിരàµâà´¦àµà´¦àµàµà´¶à´àµà´à´³àµà´ à´
à´à´¿à´ªàµà´°à´¾à´¯à´àµà´à´³àµà´ <a href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.";
#~ "org\"><em>webmasters@gnu.org</em></a> à´à´¨àµà´¨
വിലാസതàµà´¤à´¿à´²àµà´¯àµà´àµà´àµàµ à´à´´àµà´¤àµà´"
-# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007 "
-#~ "Free Software Foundation, Inc.,"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "à´ªà´à´°àµâà´ªàµà´ªà´µà´à´¾à´¶à´ © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2001, 2003, 2005, 2007 à´«àµà´°àµ "
-#~ "à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ
à´«àµà´£àµà´àµà´·à´¨àµâ "
-
# type: Content of: <div><address>
#~ msgid "51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA"
#~ msgstr "51 à´«àµà´°à´¾à´àµà´àµà´²à´¿à´¨àµâ
à´¸àµà´±àµà´±àµà´°àµà´àµà´àµ, à´
à´àµà´à´¾à´ നില,
à´¬àµà´¸àµà´±àµà´±à´£àµâ, à´à´ à´ 02110-1301, യൠà´à´¸àµ à´"
Index: po/gnu-history.nb.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.nb.po,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/gnu-history.nb.po 4 Sep 2017 11:03:01 -0000 1.4
+++ po/gnu-history.nb.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.5
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -26,11 +26,22 @@
msgstr ""
"GNU, GNU prosjektet, FSF, fri programvare, Free Software Foundation, historie"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Oversikt over GNU-systemet"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.” It is pronounced as+} <a
+# | [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard <i>g</i></a>.
+# | <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard+} Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the
+# | GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March
+# | 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
@@ -43,14 +54,14 @@
#| "\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Operativsystemet GNU er et komplett fri programvare-system, kompatibelt med "
"Unix. GNU står får «GNU's Not Unix» («GNU er ikke Unix»). <a
href=\"http://";
@@ -60,12 +71,24 @@
"\">GNU manifestet</a> ble publisert i mars 1985. Det har blitt oversatt til "
"en rekke <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">andre språk</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Navnet «GNU» ble valgt fordi det oppfylte et par krav; først og fremst var
"
"det et rekursivt akronym (eller en selvrefererende forkortelse) for «GNU's "
@@ -73,7 +96,7 @@
"for det tredje, det var morsomt å uttale (eller å <a href=\"http://www.";
"poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\">synge</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -98,13 +121,13 @@
"fysiske arbeidet av å overføre en kopi, men du får også gi programvaren
bort "
"gratis.)"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The {+project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
-# | Project”. The+} GNU Project [-started-] {+was conceived+} in
+# | Project.” The+} GNU Project [-started-] {+was conceived+} in
# | 198[-4-]{+3+} as [-an attempt to bring-] {+a way of bringing+} back the
# | cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier
# | days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the
# | obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Project started in 1984 as an attempt to bring back the "
@@ -112,18 +135,18 @@
#| "days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
#| "obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"GNU-prosjektet startet i 1984 som et forsøk på å bringe tilbake den "
"hjelpende Ã¥nden som gjennomsyret dataverden i de tidligste Ã¥rene — Ã¥
"
"igjen gjøre samarbeid mulig ved å fjerne hindringene som blir satt av
eierne "
"til privateid, proprietær programvare."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -136,7 +159,7 @@
"og programmerere hadde muligheten til å samarbeide med hverandre, noe de "
"ofte også gjorde."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -148,7 +171,7 @@
"motarbeidet samarbeid mellom brukerne. Dette gjorde GNU-prosjektet "
"nødvendig."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -160,7 +183,7 @@
"uten proprietær programvare. Dette innebar at vi først måtte skrive et "
"fritt operativsystem."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -170,14 +193,15 @@
"gjennomgående design allerede var bevist og tested. Dette gjorde også at "
"det ble enkelt for Unix-brukere å skifte fra Unix til GNU."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | A[-n-] Unix-like operating system [-is much more than a kernel; it also-]
# | includes {+a kernel,+} compilers, editors, text formatters, mail software,
# | {+graphical interfaces, libraries, games+} and many other things. Thus,
# | writing a whole operating system is a very large job. We started in
-# | January 1984. [-It took many years.-] The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>{+
-# | +}Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to
-# | raise funds to help develop GNU.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+# | January 1984. [-It took many years.-] The <a
+# | [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>Free-] {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free+}
+# | Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise
+# | funds to help develop GNU.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "An Unix-like operating system is much more than a kernel; it also "
@@ -190,9 +214,9 @@
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Et Unix-lignende operativsystem er mye mer enn kun en kjerne; det inneholder "
"også kompilatorer, editorer, tekstformateringsprogrammer, e-postprogramvare,
"
@@ -201,18 +225,18 @@
"Ã¥r. I 1985 ble <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>Free Software Foundation</a> "
"stiftet, i utgangspunktet for å fremskaffe midler for å utvikle GNU."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992.[-.-] Combining
# | Linux with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, [-including Slackware, Debian, Red Hat,
-# | and others.-] {+typically via <a href=\"/distros\">GNU/Linux
-# | distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free
+# | and others.-] {+typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux
+# | distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree
# | firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a
# | modified free version of Linux, called <a
-# | href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+# | href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
@@ -229,10 +253,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Innen 1990 hadde vi enten funnet eller skrevet alle de største komponentene "
"med unntak én komponent — kjernen. I 1991 ble Linux, en Unix-lignende
"
@@ -242,13 +266,26 @@
"titalls millioner mennesker idag bruker GNU/Linux-systemer, inkludert "
"Slackware, Debian, Red Hat, med andre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"GNU-prosjektet er dog ikke begrenset til å utvikle operativsystem. Vårt
mål "
"er å tilby et stort spekter av programvare som mange brukere vil ha. <!-- "
@@ -256,11 +293,11 @@
"directory/\">fri progrmvare katalogen</a> for en oversikt over fri "
"programvare."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
-# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
# | desktop [-(GNOME)</a>-] {+(called GNOME)</a>+} to help beginners use the
# | GNU system.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
@@ -268,30 +305,38 @@
#| "desktop (GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Vi ønsker også å tilby programvare for brukere som ikke er eksperter på "
"datamaskiner. Derfor utviklet vi <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>et "
"grafiskk skrivebordsmiljø (GNOME)</a> for å hjelpe nybegynnere å bruke
GNU-"
"systemet."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Vi ønsker ogs å tilby spill og andre avslapningsprogrammer. Mange <a href="
"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>frie spill</a> er allerede "
"tilgjengelige."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a
# | href=\"/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the
# | patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to provide
# | free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to do—and
# | thus make proprietary software [-obsolete.-] {+a thing of the past.+}
-#. type: Content of: <p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
@@ -338,31 +383,43 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Vennligst se <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
"\">Translations README</a> for informasjon om koordinering og innsendelse "
"av oversettelser av denne siden."
+# type: Content of: <table><tr><td><h3>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | [-What is the-]{+Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012,
+# | 2017, 2021+} Free Software [-Foundation?-] {+Foundation, Inc.+}
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "What is the Free Software Foundation?"
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007 Free "
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Hva er Free Software Foundation?"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
@@ -387,6 +444,24 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Oppdatert:"
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Vennligst se <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for informasjon om koordinering og "
+#~ "innsendelse av oversettelser av denne siden."
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007 "
+#~ "Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
#~ msgid ""
#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
Index: po/gnu-history.nl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.nl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- po/gnu-history.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.25
+++ po/gnu-history.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.26
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Justin van Steijn <jvs@fsfe.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Dutch\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.11\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
@@ -29,21 +30,42 @@
"GNU, GNU-project, FSF, Free Software, Vrije Software, Free Software "
"Foundation, Geschiedenis"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Overzicht van het GNU-systeem"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Het GNU-besturingssysteem bestaat volledig uit vrije software en is "
"uitwisselbaar met het Unix-besturingssysteem. GNU is een afkorting van "
@@ -56,12 +78,24 @@
"1985. Het is sindsdien vertaald in diverse <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
"html#translations\">andere talen</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"De keuze viel op de naam “GNU” omdat het voldeed aan een aantal "
"criteria; allereerst was het een recursief acroniem voor “GNU's Not "
@@ -69,7 +103,7 @@
"voor gnoe) en ten derde is het een leuk woord om uit te spreken (of te <a "
"href= \"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>zingen</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -96,13 +130,27 @@
"steunt. (Wanneer je GNU-software opnieuw verspreidt mag je daarvoor kosten "
"in rekening brengen maar je mag het ook gratis weggeven.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Het project om het GNU-systeem te ontwikkelen noemen we het “GNU-"
"project”. Het GNU-project werd bedacht in 1983 met als doel de "
@@ -111,7 +159,7 @@
"het verwijderen van de obstakels, opgeworpen door eigenaren van private "
"software."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -124,7 +172,7 @@
"vrije software. Programmeurs hadden de vrijheid om met elkaar samen te "
"werken en deden dat dan ook."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -136,7 +184,7 @@
"eigenaar had die samenwerking tussen gebruikers verbood. Dit maakte het GNU-"
"project noodzakelijk."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -149,7 +197,7 @@
"de agenda van vrije software werd natuurlijk het realiseren van een vrij "
"besturingssysteem."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -160,14 +208,28 @@
"computers was over te zetten en de uitwisselbaarheid het gebruikers van Unix "
"vergemakkelijkte om over te stappen van Unix naar GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Een Unix-achtig besturingssysteem bestaat uit meer dan een kernel; het heeft "
"ook compilers nodig, editors, tekstzetter-software, e-mailprogramma's en "
@@ -177,7 +239,30 @@
"1985, oorspronkelijk met als doel om fondsen te werven voor de ontwikkeling "
"van GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -185,10 +270,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Tegen 1990 hadden we de belangrijkste onderdelen gevonden of zelf "
"geschreven, op één na—de kernel. Toen kwam Linux, een "
@@ -202,13 +287,26 @@
"software onderhouden tegenwoordig een gewijzigde, vrije versie van Linux, "
"genaamd <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Het GNU-project is echter niet beperkt tot het besturingssysteem. Ons doel "
"is om een heel scala aan software aan te bieden, alles wat grote groepen "
@@ -216,28 +314,44 @@
"het <a href=\"/directory\">Overzicht Vrije Software</a> voor een overzicht "
"van vrije toepassingen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"We willen ook software aanbieden aan gebruikers die geen computerexperts "
"zijn. Daarvoor hebben we een <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>grafisch "
"bureaublad (GNOME genaamd)</a> ontwikkeld om beginnende gebruikers te helpen "
"bij het gebruik van het GNU-systeem."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"We willen ook computerspellen en andere ontspanningssoftware aanbieden. Er "
"zijn al veel <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>vrije "
"spellen</a> verkrijgbaar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -278,14 +392,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"We doen ons best om goede vertalingen te maken maar staan altijd open voor "
@@ -295,12 +415,15 @@
"voor informatie over het onderhoud van vertalingen op deze website."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015, 2016, 2017-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005,
+# | 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -324,10 +447,28 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Bijgewerkt:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "We doen ons best om goede vertalingen te maken maar staan altijd open "
+#~ "voor verbeteringen. Suggesties, op- en aanmerkingen sturen aan: <a href="
+#~ "\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</"
+#~ "p> <p>Zie <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\"> "
+#~ "Translations README</a> voor informatie over het onderhoud van "
+#~ "vertalingen op deze website."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.pl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.pl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.35
retrieving revision 1.36
diff -u -b -r1.35 -r1.36
--- po/gnu-history.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.35
+++ po/gnu-history.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.36
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-06 19:41-0600\n"
"Last-Translator: Jan Owoc <jsowoc AT gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Polish <www-pl-trans@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 "
"|| n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.0\n"
@@ -31,21 +32,42 @@
"GNU, Projekt GNU, FSF, Wolne Oprogramowanie, Fundacja Wolnego "
"Oprogramowania, Historia"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "PrzeglÄ
d Systemu GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"System operacyjny GNU to kompletny wolny system operacyjny zgodny z "
"Uniksem. Nazwa GNU oznacza „GNU to Nie Unix” (GNU's Not Unix). "
@@ -57,12 +79,24 @@
"opublikowano w marcu 1985. Manifest GNU zostaÅ przetÅumaczony na "
"kilkanaÅcie <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">innych
jÄzyków</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"NazwÄ „GNU” wybrano, gdyż speÅniÅa parÄ warunków
na raz: "
"po pierwsze, jest rekurencyjnym akronimem okreÅlenia „GNU's Not "
@@ -70,7 +104,7 @@
"i po trzecie – zabawnie brzmi (również w <a href=\"http://";
"www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\">piosence</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -97,13 +131,27 @@
"oprogramowanie GNU, można pobieraÄ opÅaty za akt fizycznego "
"przekazania; można też je rozdawaÄ za darmo.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"PrzedsiÄwziÄcie utworzenia systemu GNU nosi nazwÄ „Projekt
GNU”. "
"Projekt GNU zostaÅ zapoczÄ
tkowany w 1983 roku jako próba wskrzeszenia
"
@@ -113,7 +161,7 @@
"wspóÅpracy, które ustanowili wÅaÅciciele oprogramowania prawnie "
"zastrzeżonego."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -126,7 +174,7 @@
"firmy komputerowe. ProgramiÅci mieli wolnoÅÄ wspóÅpracy – i "
"czÄsto wspóÅpracowali ze sobÄ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -139,7 +187,7 @@
"i nie dopuszczali do wspóÅpracy użytkowników. Dlatego "
"powstanie projektu GNU staÅo siÄ koniecznoÅciÄ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -152,7 +200,7 @@
"elementem w planie przygotowania wolnego oprogramowania musiaÅ staÄ
siÄ "
"wolny system operacyjny."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -163,14 +211,28 @@
"zaÅ wspomniana kompatybilnoÅÄ uÅatwia użytkownikom Uniksa
przejÅcie "
"na GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"System operacyjny typu uniksowego zawiera jÄ
dro, kompilatory, edytory, "
"narzÄdzia do formatowania tekstu, programy do obsÅugi poczty, "
@@ -180,7 +242,30 @@
"\">FundacjÄ Wolnego Oprogramowania (FSF)</a> zaÅożono w październiku
"
"1985, poczÄ
tkowo w celu zbierania Årodków na rozwój GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -188,10 +273,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Wraz z nadejÅciem lat dziewiÄÄdziesiÄ
tych znaleźliÅmy lub "
"napisaliÅmy wszystkie gÅówne skÅadniki systemu oprócz jednego – jÄ
dra. "
@@ -205,13 +290,26 @@
"zmodyfikowanÄ
i wolnÄ
wersjÄ
Linuksa nazwanÄ
<a
href=\"http://directory.";
"fsf.org/project/linux\">Linux-libre</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Projekt GNU nie ogranicza siÄ jednak do samego systemu operacyjnego. "
"Chcemy zapewniaÄ caÅÄ
gamÄ oprogramowania, jakiego tylko życzÄ
sobie "
@@ -219,28 +317,44 @@
"directory\">Katalogu Wolnego Oprogramowania</a> można znaleÅºÄ wiele
wolnych "
"programów użytkowych."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Chcemy zapewniÄ oprogramowanie dla użytkowników, którzy nie sÄ
ekspertami "
"od komputerów. Dlatego pracujemy nad <a href=\"http://www.";
"gnome.org/\">pulpitem graficznym(zwanym GNOME)</a>, aby uÅatwiÄ "
"poczÄ
tkujÄ
cym korzystanie z systemu GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Chcemy również zapewniÄ gry i inne programy dostarczajÄ
ce rozrywki. "
"Niektóre <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>wolne gry</"
"a> sÄ
już dostÄpne."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -283,14 +397,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Staramy siÄ, aby tÅumaczenia byÅy wierne i wysokiej jakoÅci, "
@@ -303,9 +423,16 @@
"tÅumaczeÅ</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, [-1998, 1999, 2001, 2002,-] 2003, 2005,
+# | [-2007, 2009,-] {+2008,+} 2012, [-2014, 2017-] {+2017, 2021+} Free
+# | Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#| "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -333,10 +460,9 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Aktualizowane:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.22
retrieving revision 1.23
diff -u -b -r1.22 -r1.23
--- po/gnu-history.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.22
+++ po/gnu-history.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.23
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-05-03 10:15-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bits\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1)\n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 40.0\n"
@@ -29,21 +30,32 @@
msgstr ""
"GNU, Projeto GNU, FSF, Software Livre, Free Software Foundation, História"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Visão Geral do Sistema GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"O sistema operacional GNU é um sistema de software livre completo, "
"compatÃvel com o Unix. GNU significa âGNU's Not Unixâ (GNU Não é
Unix). Ele "
@@ -55,19 +67,25 @@
"tem sido traduzido para várias <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
"\">outras lÃnguas</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"O nome âGNUâ foi escolhido porque atende a alguns requisitos; em primeiro
"
"lugar, é um acrônimo recursivo para âGNU's Not Unixâ, depois, porque é
uma "
"palavra real e, finalmente, é divertido de falar (ou <a href=\"http://www.";
"poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\">Cantar</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -92,13 +110,21 @@
"fÃsico de transferir uma cópia, ou você pode simplesmente dar cópias de "
"graça.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"O projeto que desenvolve o sistema GNU é chamado de âProjeto GNUâ. O "
"Projeto GNU foi concebido em 1983 como uma maneira de trazer de volta o "
@@ -106,7 +132,7 @@
"primórdios â para tornar a cooperação possÃvel novamente ao remover os "
"obstáculos à cooperação impostos pelos donos de software privativo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -119,7 +145,7 @@
"distribuÃam software livre. Programadores eram livres para cooperar uns com
"
"os outros, e frequentemente o faziam."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -131,7 +157,7 @@
"possuÃa donos que proibiam e evitavam a cooperação dos usuários. Isso "
"tornou o Projeto GNU necessário."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -143,7 +169,7 @@
"computador sem recorrer a software privativo. Dessa forma, o primeiro item "
"na agenda do software livre tinha de ser um sistema operacional livre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -153,14 +179,22 @@
"design geral já era testado e portável, e porque a compatibilidade facilita
"
"que usuários de Unix migrem para o GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Um sistema operacional do tipo Unix inclui um kernel, compiladores, "
"editores, formatadores de texto, clientes de e-mail, interfaces gráficas, "
@@ -170,7 +204,19 @@
"outubro de 1985, inicialmente para levantar fundos para ajudar a desenvolver "
"o GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -178,10 +224,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Por volta de 1990 nós havÃamos encontrado ou escrito todos os componentes "
"principais, exceto um â o kernel. Então o Linux, um kernel do tipo Unix, "
@@ -194,41 +240,58 @@
"do software livre mantém uma versão do Linux modificada e livre, chamada <a
"
"href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>Linux-libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Entretanto, o Projeto GNU não se limita ao cerne do sistema operacional. "
"Visamos fornecer todo um espectro de software, o que quer que os usuários "
"desejem ter. Isso inclui aplicativos. Veja o <a href=\"/directory"
"\">Diretório de Software Livre</a> para um catálogo de aplicativos livres."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Nós também desejamos fornecer software para usuários que não são "
"especialistas em computadores. Por esse motivo, nós desenvolvemos um <a
href="
"\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>ambiente gráfico (chamado GNOME)</a> para ajudar "
"iniciantes a utilizar o sistema GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Também queremos fornecer jogos e outros programas recreativos. Um grande "
"número de <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>jogos "
"livres</a> já está disponÃvel."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -268,14 +331,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"A equipe de traduções para o português brasileiro se esforça para
oferecer "
@@ -283,16 +346,20 @@
"favor, envie seus comentários e sugestões em geral sobre as traduções
para "
"<a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
"a>. </p><p>Consulte o <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e o "
-"envio de traduções das páginas deste site."
+"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e a "
+"contribuição com traduções das páginas deste site."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -317,10 +384,16 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima atualização:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.ro.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ro.po,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- po/gnu-history.ro.po 31 May 2021 09:06:17 -0000 1.8
+++ po/gnu-history.ro.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.9
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -31,19 +31,21 @@
"GNU, Proiectul GNU, FSF, Software Liber, Fundatia pentru Software Liber, "
"Istorie"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "ScurtÄ istorie a sistemului GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
-# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”.
-# | {+It is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable
-# | with a hard g</a>.+} <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard
-# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
-# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
-# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
-# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.” It is pronounced as+} <a
+# | [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard <i>g</i></a>.
+# | <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard+} Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the
+# | GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March
+# | 1985. It has been translated into several <a
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -57,14 +59,14 @@
#| "\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Proiectul GNU a creat un sistem de operare complet liber, ce are o "
"compatibilitate originarÄ cu Unix. âGNUâ semnificÄ âGNU Nu-i Unixâ.
<a href="
@@ -74,12 +76,24 @@
"Aceasta a fost tradusÄ Ã®n <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">mai "
"multe limbi</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Numele âGNUâ a fost ales fiindcÄ Ã®mplinea cîteva nÄzuinÈe: în
primul rînd, "
"deoarece era un acronim recursiv pentru âGNU Nu-i Unixâ, apoi, pentru cÄ
era "
@@ -87,7 +101,7 @@
"(sau de <a href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>cîntat</"
"a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -112,13 +126,27 @@
"(DacÄ redistribuiÈi software GNU, puteÈi percepe o taxÄ pentru transferul
"
"copiilor sau le puteti împÄrÈi gratuit.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Proiectul pentru dezvoltarea sistemului GNU se numeÈte âProiectul GNUâ. "
"Acesta a fost conceput în 1983 ca o modalite de a renaÈte spiritul de "
@@ -126,7 +154,7 @@
"cooperarea din nou posibilÄ prin înlÄturarea piedicilor impuse în calea
ei "
"de cÄtre deÈinÄtorii de software proprietar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -138,7 +166,7 @@
"distribuiau deseori software liber. Programatorii erau liberi sÄ colaboreze "
"unul cu celÄlalt Èi o fÄceau adesea."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -149,7 +177,7 @@
"înseamnÄ cÄ avea deÈinÄtori ce inhibau Èi interziceau cooperarea între
"
"utilizatori. AceastÄ stare a fÄcut necasarÄ Ã®nfiinÈarea Proiectului GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -161,7 +189,7 @@
"a recurge la software proprietar. De aceea primul pas pe calea Proiectului "
"GNU trebuia neapÄrat sÄ fie crearea unui sistem de operare liber."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -172,14 +200,14 @@
"deoarece compatibilitatea ar fi uÈurat trecearea utilizatorilor de Unix "
"cÄtre GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | A Unix-like operating system [-is much more than a kernel; it also-]
# | includes {+a kernel,+} compilers, editors, text formatters, mail software,
# | {+graphical interfaces, libraries, games+} and many other things. Thus,
# | writing a whole operating system is a very large job. We started in
-# | January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software
-# | Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to
-# | help develop GNU.
+# | January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "A Unix-like operating system is much more than a kernel; it also includes "
@@ -192,9 +220,9 @@
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Un sistem de operarea asemenea Unix-ului înseamnÄ mult mai mult decît un "
"simplu nucleu; el cuprinde, de asemenea, compilatoare, editoare, modelatoare "
@@ -204,7 +232,7 @@
"fost întemeiatÄ in 1985, la început cu scopul de a strînge fonduri pentru
"
"Proiectul GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
@@ -213,10 +241,10 @@
# | people now use {+GNU/Linux systems, typically via+} <a
# | [-href=\"/distros\">GNU/Linux-]
# | {+href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux+} distributions</a>. {+The
-# | principal version of Linux now contains non-free firmware
+# | principal version of Linux now contains nonfree firmware
# | “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a modified free
# | version of Linux, called <a
-# | href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
+# | href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
@@ -232,10 +260,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Proiectul iniÈial s-a împlinit. PînÄ Ã®n 1990 reuÈisem sÄ Ã®ntemeiem
sau sÄ "
"terminÄm toate elementele importante cu excepÈia unuia: nucleul. Apoi
Linux, "
@@ -245,13 +273,26 @@
"estimeazÄ cÄ zeci de milioane de oameni folosesc acum <a href=\"/distros"
"\">distribuÈii GNU/Linux</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"însÄ Proiectul GNU nu se limiteazÄ doar la sistemul de operare. Noi
nÄzuim "
"sÄ creÄm Èi sÄ furnizÄm o gamÄ largÄ de software, orice ar fi dorit de
un "
@@ -259,30 +300,30 @@
"<a href=\"/directory\">Directorul de software liber</a> pentru a vedea un "
"catalog de programe aplicaÈii libere."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"De asemenea, dorim sÄ furnizÄm software Èi pentru cei ce nu sunt experÈi
în "
"informaticÄ. De aceea, am creat o <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/";
"\">interfaÈÄ graficÄ (numitÄ GNOME)</a> menitÄ a-i sprijini pe
începÄtori în "
"folosirea sistemului GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Mai mult, dorim sÄ creÄm jocuri Èi alte programe recreative. Multe <a
href="
"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>jocuri libere</a> sunt deja "
"disponibile."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -323,33 +364,38 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
-"Muncim din greu Èi facem tot ceea ce ne stÄ Ã®n putinÈÄ sÄ punem la "
-"dispoziÈie traduceri exacte, de o calitate bunÄ. Cu toate acestea, nu "
-"suntem perfecÈi. VÄ rugÄm sÄ ne trimiteÈi comentariile Èi sugestiile
dvs. "
-"generale în aceastÄ privinÈÄ la <a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";
-"\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>\n"
-"<p>Pentru informaÈii despre coordonarea Èi trimiterea de traduceri pentru "
-"paginile noastre, consultaÈi <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations."
-"html\">ghidul de traduceri</a>."
+"PuteÈi vizita <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README-"
+"ul despre traduceri</a> pentru informaÈii despre coordonarea Èi trimiterea "
+"traducerilor pentru acest articol."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © [-2014-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017,
+# | 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005 Free "
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
"Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
@@ -380,3 +426,25 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ActualizatÄ:"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Muncim din greu Èi facem tot ceea ce ne stÄ Ã®n putinÈÄ sÄ punem la "
+#~ "dispoziÈie traduceri exacte, de o calitate bunÄ. Cu toate acestea, nu "
+#~ "suntem perfecÈi. VÄ rugÄm sÄ ne trimiteÈi comentariile Èi sugestiile
dvs. "
+#~ "generale în aceastÄ privinÈÄ la <a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";
+#~ "\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>\n"
+#~ "<p>Pentru informaÈii despre coordonarea Èi trimiterea de traduceri
pentru "
+#~ "paginile noastre, consultaÈi <a href=\"/server/standards/README."
+#~ "translations.html\">ghidul de traduceri</a>."
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.41
retrieving revision 1.42
diff -u -b -r1.41 -r1.42
--- po/gnu-history.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.41
+++ po/gnu-history.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.42
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-12-09 17:17+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"X-Poedit-Language: Russian\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -31,22 +32,43 @@
"пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ, иÑÑоÑиÑ"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "ÐÐ±Ð·Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐпеÑаÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑема GNU — ÑÑо полнаÑ
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ "
"ÑиÑÑема, ÑовмеÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð²Ð²ÐµÑÑ
Ñ Unix. GNU
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@@ -60,12 +82,24 @@
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ÑзÑков</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Ðазвание “GNU” бÑло вÑбÑано поÑомÑ,
ÑÑо оно оÑвеÑало неÑколÑким "
"ÑÑебованиÑм; во-пеÑвÑÑ
, ÑÑо бÑло
ÑекÑÑÑивное ÑокÑаÑение, ознаÑаÑÑее “"
@@ -74,7 +108,7 @@
"poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\">пеÑÑ</a>)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
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@@ -99,13 +133,27 @@
"ÑизиÑеÑкой пеÑедаÑи копии или ÑаздаваÑÑ
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# type: Content of: <p>
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-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑазÑабоÑке ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU
назÑваеÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑом GNU. ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU бÑл "
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@@ -114,7 +162,7 @@
"владелÑÑами неÑвободнÑÑ
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# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
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@@ -129,7 +177,7 @@
"поÑÑÑпали."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
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@@ -142,7 +190,7 @@
"ÑоÑÑÑдниÑеÑÑво Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑми. ÐÑо
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# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
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"оÑевидно, должна бÑла ÑÑаÑÑ ÑвободнаÑ
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# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -167,14 +215,28 @@
"ÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ³ÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð¿ÐµÑеÑ
од Ñ Unix на GNU
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелей Unix."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"ÐпеÑаÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑема Ñипа Unix вклÑÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð²
ÑÐµÐ±Ñ ÑдÑо, компилÑÑоÑÑ, ÑедакÑоÑÑ, "
"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑоÑмаÑиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑекÑÑов,
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@@ -185,7 +247,30 @@
"ÑбоÑа Ñондов в поддеÑÐ¶ÐºÑ ÑазÑабоÑки GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -193,10 +278,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ð 1990 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ñже наÑли или напиÑали вÑе
оÑновнÑе компоненÑÑ, кÑоме "
"одного — ÑдÑа. Ð 1991 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÐинÑÑ
ТоÑвалÑÐ´Ñ ÑазÑабоÑал Linux, "
@@ -211,13 +296,26 @@
"\">Linux-libre</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Ðднако пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU не огÑаниÑиваеÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ
базовой опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑемой. ÐаÑа "
"ÑÐµÐ»Ñ — Ñоздание вÑего ÑпекÑÑа
пÑогÑамм, коÑоÑÑе могÑÑ "
@@ -226,11 +324,19 @@
"a>, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑÑÑ Ñо ÑпиÑком ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑиложений."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ Ñакже Ñ
оÑим пÑедоÑÑавиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ
полÑзоваÑелÑм, не ÑвлÑÑÑимÑÑ "
"ÑпеÑиалиÑÑами по компÑÑÑеÑам. ÐоÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ñ
ÑазÑабоÑали <a href=\"http://www.";
@@ -238,10 +344,18 @@
"наÑинаÑÑим полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑемой GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ Ñакже Ñ
оÑим пÑедоÑÑавиÑÑ Ð¸Ð³ÑÑ Ð¸ дÑÑгие
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾ÑдÑÑ
а и "
@@ -249,7 +363,7 @@
"\">ÑвободнÑÑ
игÑ</a> Ñже доÑÑÑпно."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -293,14 +407,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
@@ -312,12 +432,18 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015, 2016,-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008,
+# | 2012,+} 2017, [-2018, 2019-] {+2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -342,10 +468,17 @@
msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2020, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2020, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.sq.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.sq.po,v
retrieving revision 1.51
retrieving revision 1.52
diff -u -b -r1.51 -r1.52
--- po/gnu-history.sq.po 20 Nov 2017 14:00:03 -0000 1.51
+++ po/gnu-history.sq.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.52
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-11-19 18:28+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Besnik Bleta <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Shqip <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.6.10\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -28,22 +29,33 @@
"GNU, Projekti GNU, FSF, Software-i i Lirë, Free Software Foundation,
Historik"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Përmbledhje e Sistemit GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"Sistemi operativ GNU është një sistem <em>software</em>-i i plotë dhe i "
"lirë, i përputhshëm me Unix-in. GNU do të thotë “GNUâs Not "
@@ -56,12 +68,18 @@
"html#translations\">gjuhë të tjera</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Emri i “GNU”-së u zgjodh sepse plotësonte disa kushte; së
pari, "
"qe shkurtim për “GNUâs Not Unix”, së dyti, ngaqë qe fjalë e
"
@@ -69,7 +87,7 @@
"www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\">Këndojeni</a>)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -95,13 +113,21 @@
"shpërnguljes së një kopjeje të tij, ose mund tâi jepni falas kopjet.)"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"Projekti për zhvillimin e sistemit GNU quhet “Projekti GNU”. "
"Projekti GNU u konceptua më 1983 si një rrugë për të risjellë frymën e
"
@@ -111,7 +137,7 @@
"pronësor."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -125,7 +151,7 @@
"njëri tjetrin, dhe kështu bënë shpesh."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -138,7 +164,7 @@
"përdoruesve. Kjo e bëri Projektin GNU të domosdoshëm."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -152,7 +178,7 @@
"operativ i lirë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -164,14 +190,22 @@
"hidheshin nga Unix në GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Një sistem operativ i ngjashëm me Unix-in përfshin kernelin, përpiluesit,
"
"përpunuesit, formatuesit e teksteve, <em>software</em> poste, ndërfaqe "
@@ -181,7 +215,19 @@
"në Tetor 1985, fillimisht për të mbledhur fonde për zhvillimin e GNU-së."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -189,10 +235,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Aty nga 1990, ose i kishim siguruar, ose i kishim shkruar krejt përbërësit
"
"kryesorë, hiq një—kernelin. Ndërkohë, Linux, një kernel i
ngjashëm me "
@@ -207,13 +253,20 @@
"quajtur <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Megjithatë, Projekti GNU nuk kufizohet me thelbin e sistemit operativ. "
"Synimi ynë është të ofrojmë një spektër të plotë
<em>software</em>-i, për "
@@ -223,11 +276,16 @@
"em>-i të lirë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Duam gjithashtu të ofrojmë <em>software</em> për përdorues që nuk janë "
"ekspertë kompjuteri. Ndaj edhe kemi zhvilluar <a href=\"http://www.gnome.";
@@ -235,10 +293,15 @@
"përdorimin e sistemit GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Duam gjithashtu të ofrojmë lojëra dhe gjëra të tjera për kalimin e
kohës së "
@@ -246,7 +309,7 @@
"\">lojëra të lira</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -282,6 +345,7 @@
"të dërgohen te <a href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu."
"org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -289,14 +353,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Përpiqemi fort dhe bëjmë sa mundemi për të ofruar përkthime me cilësi
të "
@@ -307,14 +376,16 @@
"parashtrimin e përkthimeve të faqeve tona web, shihni <a href=\"/server/"
"standards/README.translations.html\">README për përkthimet</a>."
-# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Të drejta kopjimi © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, "
-"2007, 2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Të drejta kopjimi © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 Free Software Foundation, "
+"Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -336,3 +407,11 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "U përditësua më:"
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Të drejta kopjimi © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, "
+#~ "2007, 2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.sr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.sr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.29
retrieving revision 1.30
diff -u -b -r1.29 -r1.30
--- po/gnu-history.sr.po 31 May 2021 09:06:17 -0000 1.29
+++ po/gnu-history.sr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.30
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-07-05 21:56+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Strahinya Radich <vilinkamen@mail.ru>\n"
"Language-Team: Serbian <www-sr-dev@lists.gnu.org>\n"
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
"ÐÐУ, ÐÑоÑÐµÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐУ, ÐСС, Ñлободни ÑоÑÑвеÑ,
ÐадÑжбина за Ñлободни ÑоÑÑвеÑ, "
"иÑÑоÑиÑа"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "ÐÑеглед ÑиÑÑема ÐÐУ"
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@
#| "\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐпеÑаÑивни ÑиÑÑем ÐÐУ Ñе поÑпÑн Ñлободни
ÑоÑÑвеÑÑки ÑиÑÑем коÑи Ñе Ñназад "
"ÑаглаÑан Ñа УникÑом. âÐÐУâ знаÑи âÐÐУ
ниÑе УникÑâ. <a href=\"http://www.";
@@ -72,19 +72,25 @@
"а</a> Ñе обÑавÑена маÑÑа 1985. Ðн Ñе пÑеведен
на неколико <a href=\"/gnu/"
"manifesto.html#translations\">дÑÑгиÑ
Ñезика</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Ðазив âÐÐУâ Ñе одабÑан ÑÐµÑ Ñе иÑпÑнио
неколико кÑиÑеÑиÑÑма; пÑво, Ñо Ñе "
"ÑекÑÑзивна ÑкÑаÑениÑа за âÐÐУ ниÑе
УникÑâ; дÑÑго, Ñо Ñе пÑава ÑеÑ; ÑÑеÑе, "
"забавно Ñе изговоÑиÑи (или <a
href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/";
"gnu.html\">оÑпеваÑи</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -109,20 +115,28 @@
"заÑедниÑи. (Уколико ÑаÑподеÑÑÑеÑе ÐÐУ-ов
ÑоÑÑвеÑ, можеÑе да наплаÑиÑе "
"ÑизиÑки Ñин пÑеноÑа пÑимеÑка, а можеÑе и
да поклаÑаÑе пÑимеÑке.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑоÑÐµÐºÐ°Ñ ÑазвоÑа ÑиÑÑема ÐÐУ Ñе назива
âÐÑоÑекÑом ÐÐУâ. ÐÑоÑÐµÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐУ Ñе "
"наÑÑао 1983. као вид повÑаÑка дÑÑ
Ñ
заÑедниÑÑва коÑи Ñе био пÑеовлаÑÑÑÑÑи Ñ "
"ÑаниÑим данима ÑаÑÑнаÑÑÑва и да би Ñе
Ñаква ÑаÑадÑа поново омогÑÑила, "
"ÑклаÑаÑем пÑепÑека коÑе ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавили
влаÑниÑи влаÑниÑког ÑоÑÑвеÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -135,7 +149,7 @@
"ÑаÑÑнаÑÑке ÑиÑме ÑеÑÑо ÑаÑподеÑивале
Ñлободни ÑоÑÑвеÑ. ÐÑогÑамеÑи ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ "
"да меÑÑÑобно поÑпÑно Ñлободно ÑаÑаÑÑÑÑ, и
Ñо Ñе ÑеÑÑо био ÑлÑÑаÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -147,7 +161,7 @@
"влаÑниÑи коÑи забÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ ÑпÑеÑаваÑÑ
ÑаÑадÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑниÑима. Ðво Ñе "
"ÑÑвоÑило поÑÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð·Ð° ÐÑоÑекÑом ÐÐУ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -160,7 +174,7 @@
"на ÑаÑпоÑÐµÐ´Ñ Ñлободног ÑоÑÑвеÑа оÑиÑо
моÑао да бÑде Ñлободни опеÑаÑивни "
"ÑиÑÑем."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -177,7 +191,7 @@
# | January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software
# | Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to
# | help develop GNU.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "A Unix-like operating system is much more than a kernel; it also includes "
@@ -190,9 +204,9 @@
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"УникÑолики опеÑаÑивни ÑиÑÑем не Ñини Ñамо
ÑезгÑо. Ðн ÑадÑжи и пÑеводиоÑе, "
"ÑÑеÑиваÑе, пÑогÑаме за ÑлагаÑе ÑекÑÑа,
ÑоÑÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð·Ð° елекÑÑонÑÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑ, и многе "
@@ -214,7 +228,7 @@
# | href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>free version</a>-] {+free
# | version+} of [-Linux.-] {+Linux, called <a
# | href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
@@ -234,10 +248,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðо 1990. Ñмо или наÑли или напиÑали Ñве
главне делове, оÑим Ñедног â ÑезгÑа. "
"Ðнда Ñе ÐинÑÑ Ð¢Ð¾ÑÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð´Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ñадио
ÑникÑолико ÑезгÑо â ÐинÑÐºÑ 1991., а 1992. га "
@@ -249,34 +263,51 @@
"Ñлободног ÑоÑÑвеÑа одÑжаваÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ñ <a
href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
"project/linux\">ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑзиÑÑ</a> ÐинÑкÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"ÐеÑÑÑим, ÐÑоÑÐµÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐУ ниÑе огÑаниÑен на
ÑÑж опеÑаÑивног ÑиÑÑема. Ðи Ñежимо "
"ка понÑди Ñеле лепезе ÑоÑÑвеÑа, било
каквог кога би желело много коÑиÑника. "
"Ðво ÑкÑÑÑÑÑе и апликаÑивни ÑоÑÑвеÑ.
ÐогледаÑÑе <a href=\"/directory"
"\">ÐаÑалог Ñлободног ÑоÑÑвеÑа</a> за ÑпиÑак
ÑлободниÑ
апликаÑивниÑ
пÑогÑама."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Ðи желимо да понÑдимо ÑоÑÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð¸
коÑиÑниÑима коÑи ниÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑÑаÑи за "
"ÑаÑÑнаÑÑÑво. СÑога Ñмо Ñазвили и <a
href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>гÑаÑиÑÐºÑ "
"ÑÐ°Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ (коÑа Ñе назива Ðном)</a>,
како биÑмо поÑеÑниÑима помогли да "
"коÑиÑÑе ÑиÑÑем ÐÐУ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Ðелимо да понÑдимо и игÑе и дÑÑге забавне
пÑогÑаме. ÐÐµÑ Ñе доÑÑÑпно доÑÑа <a "
@@ -287,7 +318,7 @@
# | patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to provide
# | free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to do—and
# | thus make proprietary software [-obsolete.-] {+a thing of the past.+}
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
@@ -332,6 +363,7 @@
"везе и дÑÑге иÑпÑавке (или пÑедлоге) на
адÑеÑÑ <a href=\"mailto:mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><mailto:webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -339,36 +371,37 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ðолимо да погледаÑе <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
"\">ÐÐ ÐЧÐТÐÐÐРза пÑеводе</a> за виÑе
инÑоÑмаÑиÑа о кооÑдиниÑаÑÑ Ð¸ ÑлаÑÑ "
-"пÑевода овог Ñланка. (Ðа допÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑÑпÑком
пÑеводÑ, коÑиÑно Ñе да погледаÑе и "
-"<a href=\"http://alas.matf.bg.ac.rs/~mr99164/uput/kakoda-prevodim-gnu-ov-veb.";
-"html\"> ÐÐÐÐÐРпÑeводим ÐÐУ-ов веб</a>.)"
+"пÑевода овог Ñланка."
-# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
-# | [-2009-] {+2009, 2012, 2014, 2017+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
-#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
-#| "2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#| "Copyright © 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"<b>ÐÑÑоÑÑка пÑава:</b><br />Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998,
1999, 2001, "
-"2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"<b>ÐÑÑоÑÑка пÑава:</b><br />Copyright © 2004, 2005, 2006,
2007, 2008, "
+"2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -396,6 +429,31 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ÐжÑÑиÑано:"
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ðолимо да погледаÑе <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ÐÐ ÐЧÐТÐÐÐРза пÑеводе</a> за виÑе
инÑоÑмаÑиÑа о кооÑдиниÑаÑÑ Ð¸ ÑлаÑÑ "
+#~ "пÑевода овог Ñланка. (Ðа допÑиноÑ
ÑÑпÑком пÑеводÑ, коÑиÑно Ñе да "
+#~ "погледаÑе и <a
href=\"http://alas.matf.bg.ac.rs/~mr99164/uput/kakoda-";
+#~ "prevodim-gnu-ov-veb.html\"> ÐÐÐÐÐРпÑeводим ÐÐУ-ов
веб</a>.)"
+
+# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007,
+# | [-2009-] {+2009, 2012, 2014, 2017+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#~| msgid ""
+#~| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~| "2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "<b>ÐÑÑоÑÑка пÑава:</b><br />Copyright © 1996, 1997,
1998, 1999, "
+#~ "2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
#~ msgid ""
#~ "(The principal version of Linux now contains non-free firmware “"
#~ "blobs”. Free software activists now maintain a modified <a href="
Index: po/gnu-history.sv.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.sv.po,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/gnu-history.sv.po 4 Sep 2017 11:03:01 -0000 1.4
+++ po/gnu-history.sv.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.5
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -27,11 +27,26 @@
"GNU, GNU Projektet, FSF, Free Software, Fri mjukvara, Free Software "
"Foundation, Historia"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "Ãversikt av GNU Projektet"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU [-Project has developed-] {+operating system is+} a complete free
+# | software [-system named ``GNU'' (GNU's-] {+system, upward-compatible with
+# | Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's+} Not [-Unix) that-] {+Unix.”
+# | It+} is [-upwardly compatible-] {+pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable+} with [-Unix.-] {+a hard
+# | <i>g</i></a>.+} <a [-href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard
+# | Stallman</a>'s initial document on-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of+} the
+# | GNU Project [-is-] {+in September 1983. A longer version+} called the <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU [-Manifesto </a>, which-] {+Manifesto</a>
+# | was published in March 1985. It+} has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>. [-We also
+# | have the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project, written in 1983.-]
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Project has developed a complete free software system named "
@@ -44,14 +59,14 @@
#| "GNU Project, written in 1983."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"GNU-projektet har utvecklat ett komplett, fritt mjukvarusystem kallat "
"âGNUâ (GNU's Not Unix) som är framÃ¥tkompatibelt med Unix. <a
href=\"http://";
@@ -61,15 +76,15 @@
"språk</a> än engelska. Vi har också det <a
href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement."
"html\">första tillkännagivandet</a> av GNU-projektet, skrivet 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -95,7 +110,14 @@
"prestationen för att distribuera en kopia, men du får också distribuera "
"denna mjukvara gratis.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The {+project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | Project.” The+} GNU Project [-started-] {+was conceived+} in
+# | 198[-4-]{+3+} as [-an attempt to bring-] {+a way of bringing+} back the
+# | cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier
+# | [-days---to-] {+days—to+} make cooperation possible once again by
+# | removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary
+# | software.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Project started in 1984 as an attempt to bring back the "
@@ -103,18 +125,18 @@
#| "days---to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
#| "to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"GNU-projektet startade 1984 som ett sätt att gå tillbaka till den
hjälpsamma "
"andan som genomsyrade datavärlden under de tidigaste Ã¥ren â att göra "
"samarbete möjligt återigen genom att ta bort hindren som satts av ägarna "
"till privatägd mjukvara."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -126,7 +148,7 @@
"a>. Ãven datorföretag distribuerade fri mjukvara. Programmerare var fria
att "
"samarbeta, och gjorde ofta så."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -138,7 +160,7 @@
"förbjöd och förebyggde samarbete mellan dess användare. Det var detta som
"
"gjorde GNU-projektet till en nödvändighet."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -150,7 +172,7 @@
"använda privatägd mjukvara. Så det första som behövde göras var att
skapa "
"ett fritt operativsystem."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -160,7 +182,14 @@
"grundläggande designen var redan testad och bevisad, och därför att "
"kompabiliteten gör det lättare för Unix-användare attbyta från Unix till
GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | [-An-]{+A Unix-like+} operating system [-is not just a kernel; it also-]
+# | includes {+a kernel,+} compilers, editors, text formatters, mail software,
+# | {+graphical interfaces, libraries, games+} and many other things. Thus,
+# | writing a whole operating system is a very large job. [-It took many
+# | years.-] {+We started in January 1984. The <a
+# | href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in
+# | October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "An operating system is not just a kernel; it also includes compilers, "
@@ -170,16 +199,30 @@
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Ett operativsystem består av mer än en kärna; det innefattar dessutom "
"kompilatorer, text formatterare, epost mjukvara och mycket mer. Allt detta "
"innebär att det är ett enormt arbete att skriva ett komplett
operativsystem. "
"Detta tog många år att genomföra."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | [-The initial goal of a free Unix-like operating system has been
+# | achieved.-]By [-the 1990s,-] {+1990+} we had either found or written all
+# | the major components except [-one--the-] {+one—the+} kernel. Then
+# | Linux, a [-free-] {+Unix-like+} kernel, was developed by Linus
+# | [-Torvalds.-] {+Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992.+}
+# | Combining Linux with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete
+# | operating system: [-a Linux-based GNU-] {+the GNU/Linux+} system.
+# | Estimates are that [-hundreds-] {+tens+} of [-thousands-] {+millions+} of
+# | people now use [-Linux-based GNU-] {+GNU/Linux+} systems, [-including
+# | Slackware, Debian, Red Hat, and others.-] {+typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains nonfree firmware “blobs”; free
+# | software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called
+# | <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";> Linux-libre</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The initial goal of a free Unix-like operating system has been achieved. "
@@ -196,10 +239,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"Vårt första mål, att ha ett fritt, Unix-liknande operativsystem är nu "
"uppnått. Under 1990-talet hade vi antingen skrivit eller hittat alla "
@@ -209,7 +252,15 @@
"att hundratusentals människor nu använder Linux-baserade GNU-system. Dessa "
"innefattar Slackware, Debian, Red Hat och andra."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to {+the core+} operating
+# | system[-s-]. We aim to provide [-<a href=\"/directory\">a-] {+a+} whole
+# | spectrum of [-software</a>,-] {+software,+} whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. [-We already have a
+# | spreadsheet. We hope to extend GNU Emacs into a WYSIWYG desktop
+# | publishing system over-] {+See+} the [-coming years.-] {+<a
+# | href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to operating systems. We aim to "
@@ -220,9 +271,9 @@
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"GNU-projektet är dock inte begränsat till operativsystem. Vi vill "
"tillhandahålla <a href=\"/directory\">ett helt spektrum av mjukvara</a>, "
@@ -231,7 +282,12 @@
"med att bygga ut GNU Emacs till ett komplett WYSIWYG desktop "
"publishingsystem under kommande år."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we [-are now working on-] {+developed+} a <a
+# | [-href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>drag-and-drop icon-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical+} desktop [-(GNOME)</a>-]
+# | {+(called GNOME)</a>+} to help beginners use the GNU system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
@@ -239,15 +295,18 @@
#| "and-drop icon desktop (GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Vi vill också tillhandahålla mjukvara för användare som inte är "
"dataexperter. Vi arbetar därför på en <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/";
"\">skrivbordshanterare (GNOME)</a> för att hjälpa nybörjare att använda
ett "
"GNU-system."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. [-Some-] {+Plenty
+# | of+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free
+# | games</a> are already available.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Some <a href="
@@ -255,14 +314,19 @@
#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Vi vill också tillhandahålla spel och andra nöjesprogram. Det finns redan "
"flera <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>fria spel</a> "
"tillgängliga."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the
+# | patent system prohibit free software</a>. The ultimate goal is to provide
+# | free software to do all of the jobs computer users want to do—and
+# | thus make proprietary software [-obsolete.-] {+a thing of the past.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
@@ -309,15 +373,23 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Var god läs <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README "
@@ -325,17 +397,24 @@
"översättningar till den här artikeln."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1996, 1997, [-1998, 2001, 2007-] {+2003, 2005, 2008,
+# | 2012, 2017, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.[-,-]
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
-#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
-#| "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2007 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc.,"
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 2001, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
@@ -360,6 +439,27 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Updaterat:"
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Var god läs <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README
"
+#~ "för Ãversättningar</a> för information om att samarbeta och skicka in "
+#~ "översättningar till den här artikeln."
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~| msgid ""
+#~| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~| "2009, 2012, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001 Free Software Foundation, "
+#~ "Inc."
+
#~ msgid ""
#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
Index: po/gnu-history.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/gnu-history.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.6
+++ po/gnu-history.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.7
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-04-01 22:16+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: The FLOSS Information <theflossinformation@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Turkish <www-tr-comm@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 19.12.3\n"
@@ -25,21 +26,32 @@
msgid "GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, History"
msgstr "GNU, GNU Projesi, FSF, Ãzgür Yazılım, Ãzgür Yazılım Vakfı,
Tarihçe"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "GNU Sistemi'ne Genel BakıÅ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
-"manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It has been "
-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"GNU iÅletim sistemi, Unix ile ileriye doÄru uyumlu tam bir özgür
yazılım "
"sistemidir. GNU, “\"GNU's Not Unix\" (GNU, Unix DeÄildir)” "
@@ -50,12 +62,18 @@
"manifesto.html\">GNU Bildirisi</a> adlı daha uzun bir sürüm yayımlandı.
Bazı "
"<a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">diÄer dillere</a> çevrildi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Birkaç gereksinimi karÅıladıÄı için “GNU” adı seçildi; "
"Birincisi, “\"GNU's Not Unix\" (GNU, Unix DeÄildir)” ifadesinin "
@@ -63,7 +81,7 @@
"söylemek (veya <a href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html";
"\">Åarkı Söylemek</a>) eÄlenceliydi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -88,13 +106,21 @@
"bir kopyayı aktarmanın fiziksel eylemi için bir ücret talep edebilir veya
"
"kopyaları ücretsiz verebilirsiniz.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"GNU sistemini geliÅtirme projesine “GNU Projesi” denir. GNU "
"Projesi, 1983 yılında biliÅim topluluÄunda daha önceki günlerde egemen
olan "
@@ -102,7 +128,7 @@
"birliÄinin önüne konulan engelleri kaldırarak bir kez daha iÅ birliÄini
"
"mümkün kılmanın) bir yolu olarak tasarlandı."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
@@ -114,7 +140,7 @@
"Bilgisayar Åirketleri bile çoÄu kez özgür yazılım daÄıtıyordu.
Programcılar "
"birbirleriyle iÅ birliÄi yapmakta özgürdü ve çoÄu zaman da
yapıyorlardı."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a>, which means that it had owners "
@@ -126,7 +152,7 @@
"iÅ birliÄini yasaklayan ve engelleyen sahipleri vardı. Bu, GNU Projesi'ni "
"gerekli kıldı."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
"system, then you can't even get started using a computer without resorting "
@@ -138,7 +164,7 @@
"kullanmaya bile baÅlayamazsınız. Dolayısıyla özgür yazılım
gündemindeki ilk "
"ögenin açıkça bir iÅletim sistemi olması gerekiyordu."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -148,14 +174,22 @@
"kullanıcılarının Unix'ten GNU'ya geçiÅini kolaylaÅtırdıÄı için
iÅletim "
"sistemini Unix ile uyumlu hâle getirmeye karar verdik."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
+"funds to help develop GNU."
msgstr ""
"Unix benzeri bir iÅletim sistemi bir çekirdek, derleyiciler,
düzenleyiciler, "
"metin biçimlendiricileri, e-posta yazılımı, grafiksel arayüzler, "
@@ -165,7 +199,19 @@
"geliÅtirilmesine yardımcı olmak için fon toplamak amacıyla Ekim 1985'te "
"kuruldu."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -173,10 +219,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"1990'a gelindiÄinde biri hariç (çekirdek) bütün önemli bileÅenleri
bulduk "
"veya yazdık. Daha sonra 1991 yılında Unix benzeri bir çekirdek olan
Linux; "
@@ -190,13 +236,20 @@
"linux\">Linux-libre</a> adı verilen deÄiÅtirilmiÅ bir Linux sürümünü "
"sürdürmektedir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"Ancak GNU Projesi çekirdek iÅletim sistemiyle sınırlı deÄildir. Birçok
"
"kullanıcının sahip olmak istediÄi her türlü yazılımı saÄlamayı
amaçlıyoruz. "
@@ -204,28 +257,38 @@
"bir kataloÄu için <a href=\"/directory\">Ãzgür Yazılım Dizini</a>'ne "
"bakabilirsiniz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"Ayrıca bilgisayar uzmanı olmayan kullanıcılara da yazılım saÄlamak "
"istiyoruz. Bu nedenle yeni baÅlayanların GNU sistemini kullanmasına
yardımcı "
"olmak için <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>grafiksel bir masaüstü (GNOME
"
"adlı)</a> de geliÅtirdik."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"Ayrıca oyunlar ve baÅka boÅ zaman araçları sunmak istiyoruz. Pek çok <a
href="
"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>özgür oyun</a> halihazırda
"
"mevcut."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -269,14 +332,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ãevirilerimizde bulmuÅ olabileceÄiniz hataları, aklınızdaki soru ve "
@@ -290,12 +358,16 @@
"\">çalıÅma sayfamızı</a> ziyaret edebilirsiniz."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 Free Software "
+"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -322,10 +394,16 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Son Güncelleme:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.12
retrieving revision 1.13
diff -u -b -r1.12 -r1.13
--- po/gnu-history.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.12
+++ po/gnu-history.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.13
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-12-10 14:43+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"
@@ -30,21 +31,32 @@
"GNU, пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU, ФСÐÐ, вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами, Фонд
вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного "
"забезпеÑеннÑ, ÑÑÑоÑÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "ÐглÑд ÑиÑÑеми GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
-"g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> made the "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> of the "
-"GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href=\"/gnu/"
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-"translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other "
-"languages</a>."
+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐпеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема GNU — Ñе повнÑÑÑÑ
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"ÑÑмÑÑна Ð·Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð²Ð³Ð¾ÑÑ Ð· Unix. GNU ознаÑаÑ
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"ÑокÑ. Ðона бÑла пеÑекладена на кÑлÑка <a
href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
"html#translations\">ÑнÑиÑ
мов</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
"because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a href="
-"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
+"\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>sing</a>)."
msgstr ""
"Ðазва “GNU” бÑла обÑано ÑомÑ, Ñо вона
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"вимогам; по-пеÑÑе, Ñе бÑло ÑекÑÑÑивне
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@@ -70,7 +88,7 @@
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"poppy/songs/gnu.html\">ÑпÑваÑи</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
@@ -94,13 +112,21 @@
"GNU, ви можеÑе бÑаÑи плаÑÑ Ð·Ð° Ð°ÐºÑ ÑÑзиÑноÑ
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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-"Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing "
-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
+"to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑозÑобÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми GNU називаÑÑÑÑÑ
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вÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð°Ñниками невÑлÑниÑ
"
"пÑогÑам."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
"group which used <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> "
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"комп'ÑÑеÑÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑÑдко поÑиÑÑвали
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"вÑлÑно ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑваÑи один з одним Ñ ÑаÑÑо
Ñак Ñинили."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
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@@ -133,7 +159,7 @@
"Ñо Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
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"коÑиÑÑÑваÑами. Це ÑÑвоÑило поÑÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð²
пÑоекÑÑ GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Every computer user needs an operating system; if there is no free operating "
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"оÑевидно, повинна бÑла ÑÑаÑи вÑлÑна
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
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"в ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ñло вже випÑобÑвана Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеноÑна,
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
"other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job. "
-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
-"Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help "
-"develop GNU."
+"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";> Free "
+"Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to raise "
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msgstr ""
"ÐпеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ Unix вклÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð² Ñебе
ÑдÑо, компÑлÑÑоÑи, ÑедакÑоÑи, "
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@@ -173,7 +207,19 @@
"\">Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑеннÑ</a>, ÑпоÑаÑÐºÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑондÑв
на "
"пÑдÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐºÑ ÑозÑобки GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -181,10 +227,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"У 1990 Ñ. ÑоÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸ Ñже знайÑли або напиÑали
вÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñи, кÑÑм "
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@@ -198,13 +244,20 @@
"Linux пÑд Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ñ <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>
Linux-"
"libre</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
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+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
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msgstr ""
"Ðднак пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU не обмежÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ñе
Ð±Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑемоÑ. ÐаÑа "
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пÑогÑам, ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÑÑÑ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð¸ÑиÑÑ "
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"ознайомиÑиÑÑ Ð· пеÑелÑком вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
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+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
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msgstr ""
"Ðи Ñакож Ñ
оÑемо надаÑи пÑогÑами
коÑиÑÑÑваÑам, Ñо не Ñ ÑаÑ
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допомогÑи поÑаÑкÑвÑÑм "
"коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
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msgstr ""
"Ðи Ñакож Ñ
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
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@@ -274,14 +337,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
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msgstr ""
"Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад ÑоÑним
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@@ -292,9 +360,13 @@
"translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð·
пеÑекладє</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#| "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
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@@ -322,11 +394,23 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðновлено:"
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+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (Фонд "
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Index: po/gnu-history.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/gnu-history.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.2
+++ po/gnu-history.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.3
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-12-30 21:45+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -24,21 +25,32 @@
msgid "GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, History"
msgstr "GNUãGNUå·¥ç¨ãFSFãèªç±è½¯ä»¶ãèªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼ãåå²"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "GNUç³»ç»æ¦è§"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
+#| "html#translations\">other languages</a>."
msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
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+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
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+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
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+"\">other languages</a>."
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¶ä»è¯è¨</a>ã"
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
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"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
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"çå®å
¨æ§å¶èæ¹è¿ç¨åºï¼æèªç±åå¸æ¹è¿ççæ¬ä»è帮å©ç¤¾åºå»ºè®¾ãï¼å¦ææ¨ååå¸GNU"
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-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
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"åä½å次æ为å¯è½ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
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·ä½ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
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ãè¿ä½¿å¾GNU项ç®æ为å¿
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"ä¸ä¸ªèªç±çæä½ç³»ç»ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
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-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
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"èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼</a>ï¼å®åæ为å¼åGNUåéèµéã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -154,10 +200,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"å°1990å¹´ï¼æ们æè
æ¾å°æè
ååºäºææ主è¦çç»ä»¶ï¼é¤äºä¸ä¸ª—å
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æ
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href="
"\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>Linux-libre</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
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+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"ç¶èï¼GNUå·¥ç¨å¹¶ä¸éäºæ ¸å¿æä½ç³»ç»ãæ们çç®æ
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"æ¥äºè§£åç±»å±ç¤ºçèªç±åºç¨è½¯ä»¶ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"æ们ä¹ä¸ºé计ç®æºä¸å®¶çæ®éç¨æ·æä¾è½¯ä»¶ãæ以æ们å¼åäºä¸å¥<a
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
"available."
msgstr ""
"æ们è¿æ³è¦æä¾æ¸¸æåå
¶ä»å¨±ä¹åºç¨ãå·²ç»æå¾å¤<a
href=\"http://directory.fsf.";
"org/wiki/Category/Game\">èªç±ç游æ</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -228,9 +291,7 @@
"建议åéç»<a
href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu.org></"
"a>ã"
-#
-#
-#
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -238,26 +299,35 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
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+"解æå
³åè°åæ交æç« ç¿»è¯çä¿¡æ¯ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
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msgstr ""
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msgid ""
@@ -285,10 +355,27 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#
+#
+#
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
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+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-history.zh-tw.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-history.zh-tw.po,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- po/gnu-history.zh-tw.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.16
+++ po/gnu-history.zh-tw.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.17
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-history.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-09-04 10:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 13:26+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-12-05 21:04+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Cheng-Chia Tseng <pswo10680@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Traditional Chinese <www-zh-tw-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
@@ -27,21 +28,42 @@
"GNU, GNU Project, GNU å°æ¡, FSF, Free Software, èªç±è»é«, Free Software
"
"Foundation, èªç±è»é«åºéæ, History, æ·å²"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Overview of the GNU System"
msgstr "GNU 系統æ¦è¦½"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU operating system is a complete free software system,
+# | upward-compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+} It is pronounced as <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard [-g</a>.-]
+# | {+<i>g</i></a>.+} <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial
+# | Announcement</a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version
+# | called the <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published
+# | in March 1985. It has been translated into several <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations\">other languages</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
+#| "compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It "
+#| "is pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a "
+#| "hard g</a>. <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+#| "made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</"
+#| "a> of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a "
+#| "href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March "
+#| "1985. It has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
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msgid ""
"The GNU operating system is a complete free software system, upward-"
-"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix”. It is "
+"compatible with Unix. GNU stands for “GNU's Not Unix.” It is "
"pronounced as <a href=\"/gnu/pronunciation.html\">one syllable with a hard "
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+"<i>g</i></a>. <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> "
+"made the <a href=\"/gnu/initial-announcement.html\">Initial Announcement</a> "
+"of the GNU Project in September 1983. A longer version called the <a href="
+"\"/gnu/manifesto.html\">GNU Manifesto</a> was published in March 1985. It "
+"has been translated into several <a href=\"/gnu/manifesto.html#translations"
+"\">other languages</a>."
msgstr ""
"GNU ä½æ¥ç³»çµ±æ¯ä¸å¥å®æ´çèªç±è»é«ç³»çµ±ï¼åä¸ç¸å®¹
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"Unixãï¼æå³ãGNU 並é Unixãï¼å
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@@ -52,18 +74,30 @@
"(GNU Manifesto)</a>ãé份宣è¨å·²ç¿»è¯çº<a href=\"/gnu/manifesto."
"html#translations\">許å¤èªè¨</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements;
+# | first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-]
+# | {+Unix,”+} second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun
+# | to say (or <a
+# | href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>[-S-]{+s+}ing</a>)
+# | .
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
+#| "first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+#| "second, because it was a real word, and third, it was fun to say (or <a "
+#| "href=\"http://www.poppyfields.net/poppy/songs/gnu.html\";>Sing</a>)."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” was chosen because it met a few requirements; "
-"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix”, second, "
+"first, it was a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix,” second, "
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çºå®æ»¿è¶³ä¸åæ¢ä»¶ï¼ç¬¬ä¸ãå®æ¯ãGNU's Not Unixã"
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"The word “free” in “free software” pertains to <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom</a>, not price. You may or may "
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-"back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in "
-"earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the "
-"obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of proprietary software."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU
+# | [-Project”.-] {+Project.”+} The GNU Project was conceived in
+# | 1983 as a way of bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in
+# | the computing community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible
+# | once again by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners
+# | of proprietary software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU "
+#| "Project”. The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of "
+#| "bringing back the cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing "
+#| "community in earlier days—to make cooperation possible once again "
+#| "by removing the obstacles to cooperation imposed by the owners of "
+#| "proprietary software."
+msgid ""
+"The project to develop the GNU system is called the “GNU Project."
+"” The GNU Project was conceived in 1983 as a way of bringing back the "
+"cooperative spirit that prevailed in the computing community in earlier "
+"days—to make cooperation possible once again by removing the obstacles "
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msgstr ""
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¦ç¤¾ç¾¤æ®éçäºå©ç²¾ç¥å¸¶åæåçæ´»ä¹ä¸ââèç±é¤å»"
"å°æè»é«ææè
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çéééç¤ï¼éæ°è®äººåå次åä½èµ·ä¾ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In 1971, when Richard Stallman started his career at MIT, he worked in a "
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"å¸ä¹é½æ£å¸èªç±è»é«ãç¨å¼è¨è¨å¸«å¯ä»¥èªç±åä»äººäºå©åä½æ¹åè»é«ï¼èä¸ä¹ç¶å¸¸é樣"
"åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"By the 1980s, almost all software was <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
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ç¶åºç¾ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
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æ³ä¸éå§ä½¿ç¨é»è
¦ãæ以å¨èªç±è»é«å·¥ä½äºé
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寫åºä¸åèªç±çä½æ¥ç³»çµ±ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We decided to make the operating system compatible with Unix because the "
"overall design was already proven and portable, and because compatibility "
@@ -139,21 +187,58 @@
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¶æ´é«è¨è¨å¨ç¶å¹´å·²æ·ç¶é©èã實çºå¯è¡ä½æ³"
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æ´å®¹æè½æå° GNUã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text
+# | formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many
+# | other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very large job.
+# | We started in January 1984. The <a [-href=\"http://fsf.org/\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://www.fsf.org/\";>+} Free Software Foundation</a> was
+# | founded in October 1985, initially to raise funds to help develop GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
+#| "formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and "
+#| "many other things. Thus, writing a whole operating system is a very "
+#| "large job. We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> "
+#| "Free Software Foundation</a> was founded in October 1985, initially to "
+#| "raise funds to help develop GNU."
msgid ""
"A Unix-like operating system includes a kernel, compilers, editors, text "
"formatters, mail software, graphical interfaces, libraries, games and many "
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-"We started in January 1984. The <a href=\"http://fsf.org/\";> Free Software "
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msgstr ""
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"1985å¹´10æï¼å
¶ææ©ç®æ¨æ¯è¦åéè³é以åå© GNU çéç¼ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except
+# | one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by
+# | Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux
+# | with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating
+# | system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of
+# | people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a
+# | href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal
+# | version of Linux now contains non[---]free firmware “blobs”;
+# | free software activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux,
+# | called <a [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>+} Linux-libre</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
+#| "one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
+#| "Linus Torvalds in 1991 and made free software in 1992. Combining Linux "
+#| "with the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating "
+#| "system: the GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of "
+#| "people now use GNU/Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/"
+#| "distros.html\">GNU/Linux distributions</a>. The principal version of "
+#| "Linux now contains non-free firmware “blobs”; free software "
+#| "activists now maintain a modified free version of Linux, called <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";> Linux-libre</a>."
msgid ""
"By 1990 we had either found or written all the major components except "
"one—the kernel. Then Linux, a Unix-like kernel, was developed by "
@@ -161,10 +246,10 @@
"the almost-complete GNU system resulted in a complete operating system: the "
"GNU/Linux system. Estimates are that tens of millions of people now use GNU/"
"Linux systems, typically via <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">GNU/Linux "
-"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains non-free "
+"distributions</a>. The principal version of Linux now contains nonfree "
"firmware “blobs”; free software activists now maintain a "
-"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/";
-"project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>."
+"modified free version of Linux, called <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/";
+"wiki/Linux-libre\"> Linux-libre</a>."
msgstr ""
"æéä¾å°1990å¹´ï¼æå已幾ä¹æ¾ä¾æ寫åºç³»çµ±çå大çµä»¶ï¼é¤äºå
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§æ ¸å¿ "
"(kernel)ãæ¥èå¨1991å¹´çæåï¼æç´æã»æç¦è² (Linus Torvalds)
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@@ -175,37 +260,66 @@
"èªç±è»é«æ¨è¡è
ç®åæç¶è·ä¸åä¿®æ¹éçèªç±çæ¬
Linuxï¼ç¨±çº<a href=\"http://";
"directory.fsf.org/project/linux\"> Linux-libre</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We
+# | aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to
+# | have. This includes application software. See the <a
+# | [-href=\"/directory\">Free-]
+# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\";>Free+} Software
+# | Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application programs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
+#| "aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
+#| "have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
+#| "\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software "
+#| "application programs."
msgid ""
"However, the GNU Project is not limited to the core operating system. We "
"aim to provide a whole spectrum of software, whatever many users want to "
-"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"/directory"
-"\">Free Software Directory</a> for a catalogue of free software application "
-"programs."
+"have. This includes application software. See the <a href=\"https://";
+"directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page\">Free Software Directory</a> for a "
+"catalogue of free software application programs."
msgstr ""
"ç¶èï¼GNU å°æ¡ä¸å
éæ¼æ
¸å¿çä½æ¥ç³»çµ±èå·²ãæåçå®æ¨æ¯å¬çåºå®æ´çè»é«çæ
"
"ç³»ï¼åµé 許å¤ä½¿ç¨è
å¸ææçä»»ä½è»é«ï¼éå
æ¬åé¡æç¨è»é«ãè«è¦<a href=\"/"
"directory\">èªç±è»é«ç®é</a>æ¥çèªç±è»é«æç¨ç¨å¼ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts.
+# | Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.gnome.org/\">graphical
+# | desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
+#| "Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+#| "desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide software for users who are not computer experts. "
-"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"http://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical desktop "
-"(called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
+"Therefore we developed a <a href=\"https://www.gnome.org/\";>graphical "
+"desktop (called GNOME)</a> to help beginners use the GNU system."
msgstr ""
"æåä¹å¸ææä¾è»é«çµ¦éé»è
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¥éè
æä½ GNU 系統ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">free games</a>
+# | are already available.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
+#| "\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are "
+#| "already available."
msgid ""
"We also want to provide games and other recreations. Plenty of <a href="
-"\"http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
+"\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\";>free games</a> are already "
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msgstr ""
"æåä¹å¸æè½æä¾éæ²åå
¶ä»çæ¶é£å¨æ¨ãç®åå·²æ許å¤<a
href=\"http://directory.";
"fsf.org/wiki/Category/Game\">èªç±éæ²</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"How far can free software go? There are no limits, except when <a href=\"/"
"philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html\">laws such as the patent system "
@@ -243,14 +357,23 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
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msgstr ""
"æååªåç¡æè½æä¾è²¼åãå質è¯åçç¿»è¯ãç¶èï¼æåç¡æ³åå
¨åç¾ï¼éè«å°ä½ çæ"
@@ -260,12 +383,18 @@
"å®ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © [-2014, 2015, 2016,-] {+1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008,
+# | 2012,+} 2017, [-2018, 2019-] {+2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2017, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Free Software "
+"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -288,10 +417,16 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æ´æ°æé︰"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, "
-"2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, "
+#~ "2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.ar.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.ar.po,v
retrieving revision 1.74
retrieving revision 1.75
diff -u -b -r1.74 -r1.75
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.ar.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.74
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.ar.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.75
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-03-30 16:12+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Hossam Hossny <hossam@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Arabic <>\n"
@@ -35,10 +35,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "بÙÙÙ
رÙتشارد ستÙÙÙ
Ù"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Ùسأ٠اÙÙاس أسئÙØ© ÙØ«Ùرة عÙدÙ
ا ÙÙاØظÙ٠أÙÙا
ÙستخدÙ
ÙÙÙØµØ Ø¨Ø§Ø³Ù
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙظاÙ
"
@@ -268,11 +277,22 @@
"تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
“غÙÙ” ÙØسبØ</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
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msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">سÙÙ ÙتÙجب عÙ٠دÙع رسÙ
Ù
ÙابÙ
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"ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠اسÙ
Ù
ÙØªØ¬Ø ÙÙÙس اÙØ£Ù
ر ÙÙطبÙ
عÙÙ ”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙ "
@@ -392,11 +412,22 @@
"غÙÙ“Ø</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a [-href=\"#distronames\">My distro is called-]
+# | {+href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it+} “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”; doesn't-] {+Linux,” but+} that [-show it's really
+# | Linux?</a>-] {+doesn't say anything about what the system consists of.
+# | Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames\">My distro is called “Foobar Linux”; "
+#| "doesn't that show it's really Linux?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames\">اسÙ
تÙزÙعت٠”س ÙÙÙÙس“Ø
Ø£Ùا ÙعÙÙ Ùذا "
+"Ø£ÙÙا ÙعÙا ÙÙÙÙسØ</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
msgid ""
@@ -636,9 +667,18 @@
"اÙÙاس بتسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ“Ø</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Ø£ÙتÙ
تستØÙÙÙ Ù
ا Øص٠ÙØ£ÙÙÙ
تÙاعستÙ
ع٠Ùضع Ù
تطÙب Ù٠غÙÙ "
@@ -653,8 +693,15 @@
"اÙÙاسØ</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">بÙ
ا Ø£Ù ÙØ«ÙرÙا Ù
٠اÙÙاس ÙسÙ
ÙÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø "
@@ -836,6 +883,24 @@
"Ùا٠اÙÙغط Ùد شاع."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -843,7 +908,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ù
عظÙ
اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙ
ÙÙبÙÙا أبدÙا ع٠أ٠اÙØ°Ù ÙÙÙÙ
ÙÙ "
"ب٠ÙÙس صØÙØÙا. ÙÙد اÙتضرÙا أ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙÙ
ÙÙÙ
ب٠صØÙØ Ùأ٠اÙآخرÙÙ ÙستخدÙ
ÙÙÙ. اسÙ
"
@@ -869,21 +934,45 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"ÙÙس دائÙ
Ùا—ÙÙØ· عÙدÙ
ا تتØدث ع٠اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙ. عÙدÙ
ا ترغب Ù٠اÙإشارة Ø¥ÙÙ "
"اÙÙÙØ§Ø©Ø ÙÙبغ٠عÙÙ٠استخداÙ
اÙاسÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“ اÙذ٠اختار٠Ù
Ø·ÙرÙÙا."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"عÙدÙ
ا ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙاس اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“Ø
ÙÙÙ
ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
ÙÙ٠عÙÙ "
@@ -947,8 +1036,17 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -998,10 +1096,34 @@
"اÙÙ
ÙتÙØØ© بغرض اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1060,10 +1182,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1074,11 +1209,22 @@
"ØªØ´Ø±Ø Ø§ÙÙ
زÙد ع٠Ùذا."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙÙÙ Ø°ÙÙ ÙÙ
غاÙبÙا Ù
ÙÙسÙÙ. اÙÙ
ÙÙسÙ٠عادة Ù
ا ÙعرÙÙ٠غÙÙØ ÙÙÙÙÙ
ÙØ«Ùرا "
"Ù
ÙÙÙ
ÙدÙ٠تصÙر خاطئ تÙ
اÙ
Ùا ع٠Ù
ا Ù٠غÙÙ.
عÙ٠سبÙ٠اÙÙ
ثاÙØ ÙØ«Ùر ÙعتÙدÙ٠أÙÙ "
@@ -1106,11 +1252,23 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"إذا ÙÙ
تعÙس ÙÙÙ
ات٠ÙÙÙ
ÙØ ÙØ¥ÙÙ Ùا تعÙÙ
اÙÙاس. Ù
عظÙ
اÙØ°Ù٠سÙ
عÙا ع٠ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/"
"ÙÙÙÙس ÙعتÙدÙ٠أÙÙ ”ÙÙÙÙس“ (اÙذ٠بدأÙ
ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز) ÙØ£Ù٠بدأ٠"
@@ -1162,14 +1320,31 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"إ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ ÙاÙ
Ù ÙدÙÙÙ
تصÙر خاطئ عÙ
ا Ù٠غÙÙ. Ùد "
"ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠غÙ٠اسÙ
Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
٠اÙبراÙ
جØ
ÙØ£ØÙاÙÙا ÙÙÙÙÙÙ ”أدÙات "
@@ -1228,12 +1403,32 @@
"بÙÙØ© اÙبراÙ
ج اÙذ٠تعÙ
Ù. تتÙÙ٠اÙÙÙاة Ø£Ùضا
بدء ÙتشغÙ٠اÙبراÙ
ج اÙأخرÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1247,11 +1442,28 @@
"بÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙا ÙستخدÙ
اÙÙ
صطÙØ ”ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ“ ÙÙ ÙÙس اÙسÙاÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1264,10 +1476,20 @@
"اÙجزء اÙذ٠تشÙر Ø¥ÙÙÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"إذا ÙÙت تÙض٠استخداÙ
Ù
صطÙØ Ø¢Ø®Ø± Ù
Ø«Ù
”تÙزÙعة ÙظاÙ
“ ÙÙ
جÙ
Ùعة ÙاÙ
ÙØ© "
@@ -1367,9 +1589,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1395,7 +1617,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
@@ -1428,8 +1650,8 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
@@ -1444,13 +1666,28 @@
"\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Ùذ٠اÙÙ
Ù
ارسة Ùادرة جدÙØ§Ø ÙÙ
Ùجد Ø£Ù Ù
ثاÙ
عدا سÙØ¡ استخداÙ
اÙاسÙ
”"
"ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙتÙ
تطÙÙر ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠عادة ÙÙ Ù
شرÙع ÙاØد Ù
ÙظÙ
Ø ÙÙختار "
@@ -1495,9 +1732,18 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"جربÙا ÙÙترة اÙاسÙ
ÙÙغÙÙÙس ÙاÙØ°Ù ÙجÙ
ع بÙÙ
اÙاسÙ
ÙÙ ”غÙÙ“ Ù ”"
@@ -1505,8 +1751,16 @@
"ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙبÙ٠أÙثر."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1543,7 +1797,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1642,10 +1896,21 @@
"بإÙصائ٠Ù
Ù Ùسب Ù
ساÙÙ
ت٠إÙ٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Ø¥Ù ÙØ«Ùرا Ù
٠اÙÙاس ÙسÙ
Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
”ÙÙÙÙس“. ÙÙ ÙÙÙا ”"
@@ -1653,10 +1918,23 @@
"ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙسÙربطÙ٠بÙÙÙ ÙبÙÙ Ù
ا سÙ
عÙا عÙÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1675,9 +1953,17 @@
"تÙسب٠إÙÙ ÙÙÙÙاس تÙرÙÙدز Ø£ÙØ¶Ø§Ø ÙÙÙÙ Ùست Ù
طاÙبا باÙدÙع ÙÙÙÙاÙ
بذÙÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Ùذا إذا أردت اÙإشارة Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙاÙ
Ù
ب”غÙÙ“ ÙتجÙب دÙع رسÙÙ
"
"تسÙ
Ùت٠”ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙØ¥ÙÙا ÙÙ ÙتÙدÙ."
@@ -1732,12 +2018,25 @@
"ÙجادÙÙ ÙÙÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"اÙØدÙد اÙÙاصÙØ© اÙÙ
ختÙÙØ© سÙ٠تÙÙد Ø¥ÙÙ
اختÙار أسÙ
اء Ù
Ø®ÙÙÙØ© ÙÙÙظاÙ
Ø ÙÙ٠اسÙ
Ùا "
"ÙاØدÙا ÙÙ ÙÙتج Ù
Ù Ù
ØاÙÙØ© اÙعد٠ÙÙسب اÙÙظاÙ
Ø¥ÙÙ ÙاتبÙÙ Ù
ÙÙ
ا Ùا٠اÙØد اÙÙاص٠"
@@ -1771,7 +2070,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1814,11 +2113,21 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allsmall\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"ÙجدÙا ÙÙ 2008 Ø£Ù ØزÙ
غÙÙ ÙÙÙÙت 15% Ù
Ù Ù
خزÙ
”main“ ÙتÙزÙعة غÙÙÙسÙس "
"غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. Ø´ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس 1.5% Ù
ÙÙا. ÙÙذا ÙØ¥Ù ÙÙس
اÙØجة سÙ٠تÙطب٠أÙثر عÙÙ Ù
Ù "
@@ -1876,9 +2185,21 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1904,9 +2225,10 @@
# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate-]
# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate+} version
# | of Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains
-# | non[---]free firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU
-# | Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not
-# | want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+# | non[---]free firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If
+# | this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU
+# | Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be
+# | too confusing.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
@@ -1920,7 +2242,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -1932,11 +2254,24 @@
"ÙرÙد Ø£Ù ÙسÙ
ÙÙا بÙØ°Ø§Ø ÙØ£Ù Ùذا Ù
ØÙر جدÙا."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÙØÙ ÙتØدث ع٠Ùسخة Ù
٠غÙÙ (ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙÙ)Ø Ù
Ù
Ùزة بأÙÙا تستخدÙ
ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙÙاة ÙÙا. "
"اÙشرطة اÙÙ
ائÙØ© Ù
Ùاسبة ÙÙذ٠اÙØاÙØ© ÙØ£ÙÙا
تعÙÙ ”اÙجÙ
ع“ (تذÙر "
@@ -1944,11 +2279,22 @@
"”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"”اÙجÙ
ع“تÙجد طر٠أخر٠ÙÙتعبÙر عÙ. إذا
ÙÙت تعتÙد أ٠عÙاÙ
Ø© اÙزائد "
"Ø£ÙضØØ ÙÙ
Ù ÙضÙ٠استخدÙ
Ùا. Ù٠اÙإسباÙÙØ©
اÙشرطة اÙÙ
رتÙعة ÙاضØØ©: ”غÙÙ-"
@@ -2000,7 +2346,7 @@
# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
# | [-Linux”-] {+Emacs”+} the word “GNU” modifies
# | [-“Linux”. This can mean either “GNU's version of
-# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs”. That is the right
+# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs.” That is the right
# | way to describe a program called Emacs+} which is a GNU [-package.”
# | Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand.-] {+package.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -2012,7 +2358,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"استÙادÙا Ø¥ÙÙ ÙÙاعد اÙÙغة اÙØ¥ÙجÙÙزÙØ©Ø ÙØ¥Ù
تÙسÙر ”غÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس“ Ø£Ù "
@@ -2051,8 +2397,17 @@
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2061,12 +2416,26 @@
"ÙÙÙÙس."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My [-distro is called-] {+distro's developers call it+} “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”; doesn't-] {+Linux,” but+} that [-show it's really
+# | Linux?-] {+doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why
+# | shouldn't they call it whatever they like?+} <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | [-href=\"#distronames\">#distronames</a>)</span>-]
+# | {+href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro is called “Foobar Linux”; doesn't that show it's "
+#| "really Linux? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames"
+#| "\">#distronames</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
+"اسÙ
تÙزÙعت٠”س ÙÙÙÙس“Ø Ø£Ùا ÙعÙÙ Ùذا
Ø£ÙÙا ÙعÙا ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø <span class="
+"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames\">#distronames</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
@@ -2122,12 +2491,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | [-If it's allowed for them to change-]{+When they spread misinformation by
-# | changing+} “GNU” to {+“Linux”, and call their
-# | version of it+} “Foobar Linux”, it's [-allowed-] {+proper+}
-# | for you to [-change it back and call the distro “Foobar
-# | GNU/Linux”. It can't be more wrong to-] correct the [-mistake
-# | than-] {+misinformation by calling+} it [-was to make the mistake.-]
-# | {+“Foobar GNU/Linux”.+}
+# | changing+} “GNU” to {+“Linux,” and call their
+# | version of it+} “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's
+# | [-allowed-] {+proper+} for you to [-change it back and call the distro
+# | “Foobar GNU/Linux”. It can't be more wrong to-] correct the
+# | [-mistake than-] {+misinformation by calling+} it [-was to make the
+# | mistake.-] {+“Foobar GNU/Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "If it's allowed for them to change “GNU” to “Foobar "
@@ -2136,9 +2505,9 @@
#| "mistake than it was to make the mistake."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÙسÙ
Ø ÙÙÙ
بتغÙÙر ”غÙÙ“ Ø¥ÙÙ ”س
ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙسÙ
Ø Ù٠بإعادت٠"
"Ø¥ÙÙ Ù
ا Ùا٠عÙÙÙ ÙتسÙ
ÙØ© اÙتÙزÙعة ”س
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“. تصØÙØ Ø§Ùخطأ ÙÙس "
@@ -2173,12 +2542,24 @@
"بعبارة أخرÙØ ÙÙ
تÙترث اÙشرÙØ© بÙ
ا Ù٠صائب."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ùا ÙÙ
Ù٠إجبارÙÙ
عÙÙ Ùع٠اÙصÙØ§Ø¨Ø ÙÙÙÙا
ÙÙسÙا Ù
٠اÙÙÙع اÙØ°Ù ÙستسÙÙ
ÙÙ
جرد أ٠"
"اÙطرÙÙ ÙÙس سÙÙا. Ùد Ùا تÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙس ÙÙÙØ° آ٠بÙ
Ø¥Ù
أ٠ردÙØ§ØªØ ÙÙÙ٠تستطÙع "
@@ -2200,12 +2581,12 @@
# | The widespread practice of adding non[---]free software to the GNU/Linux
# | system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that
# | non[---]free software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
-# | “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
-# | their mission to help users use non[---]free add-ons, and may even invite
-# | salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such
-# | as “helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them
-# | use non[---]free applications and drivers), or making the system more
-# | popular even at the cost of freedom.
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use non[---]free
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use non[---]free applications and
+# | drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux "
@@ -2220,13 +2601,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"اÙتشار إضاÙØ© اÙبرÙ
جÙات غÙر اÙØرة Ø¥ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس Ù
Ø´ÙÙØ© ÙبÙرة ÙعاÙÙ Ù
ÙÙا "
"Ù
جتÙ
عÙا. Ø¥ÙÙا تعط٠اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠اÙطباعÙا
Ø£ÙÙ Ùا بأس Ù٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات غÙر اÙØØ±Ø©Ø ÙØ£Ù "
@@ -2260,7 +2640,8 @@
# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include non[---]free
# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
-# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”.
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
@@ -2277,7 +2658,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"اÙÙسÙÙØ© اÙت٠ÙÙ
ÙÙ Ù
Ù Ø®ÙاÙÙا تعرÙÙ ÙؤÙاء
اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠عÙ٠اÙØرÙØ© Ù٠عÙس Ø°ÙÙ "
"تÙ
اÙ
ÙØ§Ø Ø¨Ø¥Ø¹ÙاÙ
ÙÙ
بأ٠Ù٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø©
<em>أساسÙا</em> Ùسخة Ù
٠غÙÙØ ÙبأÙÙا ÙÙÙا تأسست "
@@ -2371,11 +2752,22 @@
"اÙØ£ÙاÙ)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"أخذ Ùسخة ٠غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس ÙتسÙ
ÙتÙا ”غÙÙ“ Ù
شاب٠Ùأخذ Ùسخة Ù
Ù ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ "
"ÙتسÙ
ÙتÙا ”ÙÙÙÙس“. Ø¥ÙÙا ÙÙست ÙÙرة Ù
ÙائÙ
Ø©Ø ÙÙØÙ Ùا ÙØب اÙتÙاجÙا."
@@ -2405,11 +2797,29 @@
"ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙÙÙ ÙØ«Ùرا Ù
٠اÙتعدÙÙات ÙÙ
تÙÙ Ù
ØÙ
ÙÙØ© ÙاØتاجت Ø¥Ù٠تعدÙÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2421,9 +2831,22 @@
"بشÙ٠أساس٠عÙ٠غÙÙ ÙاÙÙا Ø£ÙÙ (ÙÙازاÙÙا
اÙÙØÙدÙÙ) اÙØ°Ù٠رÙضÙا اÙعÙ
Ù Ù
عÙا."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2461,10 +2884,18 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"ÙÙ
ÙسÙ
٠أبدÙا براÙ
ج Ù
ÙÙردة ”غÙÙ/<i>اÙاسÙ
</i>“. عÙدÙ
ا ÙÙÙ٠اÙبرÙاÙ
ج "
"ØزÙ
Ø© غÙÙ ÙÙد ÙØ·Ù٠عÙÙ٠اسÙ
”غÙÙ <i>اÙاسÙ
</i>“"
@@ -2568,10 +2999,24 @@
"Ø£Ù Øت٠أجزاء Ù
ÙÙØ§Ø ÙÙد ÙتبÙا ÙÙ Ø´ÙØ¡ Ù
Ù
اÙصÙر."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2581,11 +3026,12 @@
"اÙØ«Ù
اÙÙÙات."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”.
-# | The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were
-# | already many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a
-# | dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of
-# | a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
# | href=\"http{+s+}://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">playful
# | cleverness</a>.)
#, fuzzy
@@ -2598,10 +3044,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2611,13 +3057,28 @@
"href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>اÙØ°Ùاء اÙÙ
رØ</a>)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"أعجب Ùذا اÙاسÙ
اÙÙاÙرز اÙآخرÙÙ Ùدرجة Ø£ÙÙÙ
ÙÙدÙا Ùذا اÙتصر٠ØØªÙ Ø£ØµØ¨Ø Ø¹Ø§Ø¯Ø© "
"Ù
Ø£ÙÙÙØ©Ø ÙعÙدÙ
ا ترÙد Ùتابة برÙاÙ
ج آخر شبÙÙ
ÙبرÙاÙ
ج آخر (دعÙا ÙتخÙ٠أ٠اسÙ
"
@@ -2626,13 +3087,28 @@
"اÙÙ
ÙØ·Ù٠سÙ
ÙÙا بدÙÙÙا ÙÙÙÙÙس ”GNU's Not
Unix“."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"تارÙØ®ÙÙØ§Ø AT&T (اÙت٠طÙرت ÙÙÙÙس) ÙÙ
ترد Ø£Ù
ÙÙسب Ø£Øد Ø¥ÙÙÙا اÙÙظاÙ
باستخداÙ
"
"”ÙÙÙÙس“ Ù٠اسÙ
اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙشبÙÙØ©Ø ÙÙا
Øت٠Ù٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙÙ
ستÙسخة "
@@ -2710,9 +3186,22 @@
"Ù
ÙائÙ
ÙÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2733,8 +3222,21 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2877,7 +3379,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2924,7 +3426,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
@@ -2932,7 +3434,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -2942,7 +3444,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3037,11 +3539,22 @@
"(<a href=\"#claimlinux\">#claimlinux</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"بÙÙØ Ù
٠اÙخطأ اÙÙÙاÙ
بذÙÙ ÙÙذا ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا
ÙÙÙÙ
بÙ. عÙ
٠تÙرÙÙدز ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙÙ "
"اÙÙÙØ§Ø©Ø ÙÙØ٠عÙÙ Øذر Ù
٠أÙا ÙÙسب عÙ
Ù٠إÙÙ Ù
شرÙ٠غÙ٠أ٠ÙسÙ
ÙÙ ”"
@@ -3057,12 +3570,38 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
-# | said, <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-# | for more info”</a>.
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙد اعتر٠بذÙÙ Ù٠اÙبداÙØ©Ø ÙÙ
ÙاØظات إصدار
ÙÙÙÙس اÙØ£ÙÙ٠تÙص٠عÙ٠أÙ: <a href="
+"\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
+"RELNOTES-0.01\">”Ù
عظÙ
اÙأدÙات اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ø© Ù
ع
ÙÙÙÙس Ù٠برÙ
جÙات غÙÙ ÙÙÙ "
+"تØت ØÙÙ٠غÙ٠اÙÙ
ترÙÙØ©. Ùذ٠اÙأدÙات ÙÙست ÙÙ
اÙتÙزÙعة - اسأÙÙÙ (أ٠اسأ٠غÙÙ) "
+"ÙÙ
زÙد Ù
٠اÙÙ
عÙÙÙ
ات.“</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
@@ -3071,11 +3610,9 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"ÙÙد اعتر٠بذÙÙ Ù٠اÙبداÙØ©Ø ÙÙ
ÙاØظات إصدار
ÙÙÙÙس اÙØ£ÙÙ٠تÙص٠عÙ٠أÙ: <a href="
"\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
@@ -3116,11 +3653,26 @@
"\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3140,13 +3692,32 @@
"\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3168,22 +3739,48 @@
"\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"إذا ساعدتÙا بتÙضÙØ Ø§ÙØ£Ù
ر ÙÙآخرÙÙ ÙسÙÙ
ÙÙدر جÙدÙØ ÙÙÙ ÙØ°Ù ÙÙست اÙÙسÙÙØ© "
"اÙÙ
ثاÙÙØ©Ø ÙÙÙس ÙÙا ÙÙس تأثÙر تسÙ
ÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“Ø ÙسÙÙ ÙضÙع "
"ÙÙت٠بدÙ٠أثر ÙبÙر."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ Ø°Ù٠ذا تأثÙر ÙØ£Ù٠سÙ٠تÙ
ÙØ ÙØتÙ
Ùا
ÙÙ ÙÙتشر اÙØ£Ù
ر. Ùد ÙتÙب٠بعض اÙØ°ÙÙ "
@@ -3308,9 +3905,16 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#force\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"إجبار اÙÙاس Ø®Ø·Ø£Ø ÙÙØÙ Ùا ÙØاÙ٠إجبار Ø£Øد.
ÙØÙ ÙسÙ
٠اÙÙظاÙ
”غÙÙ/"
"ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙØ·Ùب Ù
Ù٠أ٠تÙع٠اÙØ£Ù
ر ذاتÙ."
@@ -3406,9 +4010,19 @@
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3457,8 +4071,17 @@
"Ù
عظÙ
اÙÙاس أ٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙاØتÙارÙØ© Ù
شرÙعة
ÙÙ
ÙبÙÙØ©."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3480,7 +4103,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.ca-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.ca-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.24
retrieving revision 1.25
diff -u -b -r1.24 -r1.25
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.ca-diff.html 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.24
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.ca-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.25
@@ -12,30 +12,35 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.79</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>GNU/Linux FAQ
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU/Linux <span class="removed"><del><strong>FAQ
by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>FAQ</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2>
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-<div class="announcement">
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>, our
page on <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
-</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-
+</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
<p>
When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a
-system that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions.
+system that many others call just <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they ask many
questions.
Here are common questions, and our answers.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="toc">
+<div class="toc">
<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3></em></ins></span>
<ul>
@@ -130,8 +135,8 @@
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#trademarkfee"
id="TOCtrademarkfee">I</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#trademarkfee">I</em></ins></span> would
have to pay a
fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
- that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it
- wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to
+ that would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it
+ wrong if I use “GNU” without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to
save the fee?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#many"
id="TOCmany">Many</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#many">Many</em></ins></span> other projects
contributed to the
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@
rather than “Linux/GNU”?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#distronames0"
id="TOCdistronames0">My</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#distronames0">My</em></ins></span> distro's
developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like?</a></li>
@@ -281,14 +286,16 @@
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#deserve"
id="TOCdeserve">Since</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#deserve">Since</em></ins></span> you failed
to put
something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
- “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> you
deserve what happened; why are you
complaining now?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#contradict"
id="TOCcontradict">Wouldn't</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#contradict">Wouldn't</em></ins></span> you
be better off
not contradicting what so many people believe?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#somanyright"
id="TOCsomanyright">Since</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#somanyright">Since</em></ins></span> many
people call it
- “Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#knownname"
id="TOCknownname">Isn't</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#knownname">Isn't</em></ins></span> it
better to call the
system by the name most users already know?</a></li>
@@ -377,7 +384,7 @@
the system's history was such as to fit that name. For
instance, they often believe its development was started by Linus
Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends to reinforce the idea
-that the system should be called “Linux”.</p>
+that the system should be called <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to
justify the name they are accustomed to using.</p>
@@ -388,14 +395,16 @@
<dd>
Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
-“Linux”, the name its developer chose.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> the
name its developer chose.
<p>
-When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence
+When people call the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> as a
consequence
they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel.
This causes many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell
whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole system.
-By calling the whole system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel
-“Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity.</p>
+By calling the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
calling the kernel
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
avoid the ambiguity.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="linuxalone">Would Linux have
@@ -425,7 +434,7 @@
community if you did not divide people with this request? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#divide">#divide</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing people.
We
+When we ask people to say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> we
are not dividing people. We
are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating
system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
<p>
@@ -453,7 +462,8 @@
The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of
attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community.
People who value freedom are more likely to call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and people who learn that the system is
“GNU/Linux” are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are
more likely to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for
freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for the system
makes a real difference for society). However, the disagreement would
@@ -482,7 +492,7 @@
<dd>Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using
public in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most
-articles about the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the
ideals
+articles about the system do not mention the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> or the ideals
that GNU stands for. <a
href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU Users Who Have Never
Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
@@ -490,7 +500,7 @@
The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection
-of <a href="#tools">“tools”</a>, or a project to
develop tools.</p>
+of <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="#tools">“tools”</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“<a
href="#tools">tools</a>,”</em></ins></span> or a project to
develop tools.</p>
<p>
The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another
common misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing
@@ -506,8 +516,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others.
Most people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
-“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
-it was intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> that it
was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
+it was intended to be “open <span
class="removed"><del><strong>source”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>source.”</em></ins></span> If you don't tell
them, who <span class="removed"><del><strong>will?</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>will?</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -536,10 +547,10 @@
People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they
hear about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They
may think that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they
-say “programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became
+say “programming <span
class="removed"><del><strong>tools”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools,”</em></ins></span> since some of our
programming tools became
popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an
operating
system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that
-operating system is labeled “Linux”.
+operating system is labeled <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the project
to develop the GNU system. (See <a
@@ -568,7 +579,7 @@
programs.</p>
<p>
To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” to
-mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. The
+mean <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“kernel.”</em></ins></span> Both uses of
the term go back many years. The
use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found in
a number of
textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time,
in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
all
@@ -579,12 +590,12 @@
Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating system”
they are using “operating system” in the same sense we use: they
mean
the whole collection of programs. If that's what you are referring
-to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean just the kernel, then
+to, please call it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> If
you mean just the kernel, then
“Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
“kernel” also to
avoid ambiguity about which body of software you mean.</p>
<p>
If you prefer to use some other term such as “system distribution”
for
-the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating system”,
+the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system,”</em></ins></span>
that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux system
distributions.</p>
</dd>
@@ -636,8 +647,8 @@
<dd>
The people who argue that way for calling the system
“Linux” are using a double standard. An operating system
-requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much more
-— hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
+requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much
+more—hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
system be “Linux”?
@@ -658,7 +669,8 @@
<dd>
Many <a href="/distros/distros.html"> packaged and installable
versions of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
-“GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but GNU
is what they basically are.
<p>
We expected to release the GNU system packaged for installation, but
@@ -685,7 +697,8 @@
<p>
We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
-“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but that
doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
GNU is an operating system.</p>
</dd>
@@ -695,11 +708,11 @@
<dd>
That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
-than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating system
is
+than the misuse of the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Normally an
operating system is
developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a
name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a
name of its own—instead, people say “the kernel of
such-and-such” or
-“the such-and-such kernel”.
+“the such-and-such <span
class="removed"><del><strong>kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>kernel.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression
“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning
“the kernel
@@ -724,11 +737,11 @@
How about recommending a shorter name? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long">#long</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words
“GNU”
-and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. People accept
“GNU/Linux”
+For a while we tried the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“LiGNUx”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“LiGNUx,”</em></ins></span> which
combines the words “GNU”
+and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> The reaction
was very bad. People accept “GNU/Linux”
much better.
<p>
-The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but
+The shortest legitimate name for this system is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but
we call it “GNU/Linux” <a href="#justgnu"> for the reasons
given below</a>.</p>
</dd>
@@ -753,7 +766,7 @@
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long2">#long2</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you
+<p>It only takes a second to say or type <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/.”</em></ins></span> If you
appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second
to recognize our work?</p>
</dd>
@@ -804,9 +817,9 @@
honorably and openly, rather than by trying to cut him out of the
credit for his contribution to the system.</li>
<li>
-Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say
“GNU” they
+Since many people know of the system as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> if we say
“GNU” they
may simply not recognize we're talking about the same system. If we
-say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to what they have heard
+say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> they
can make a connection to what they have heard
about.</li>
<span
class="removed"><del><strong></ul><p></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></ul></em></ins></span>
@@ -814,16 +827,16 @@
<dt id="trademarkfee">I would have
to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
that
- would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use
“GNU”
- without “Linux”, to save the fee? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
+ would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it wrong if I use “GNU”
+ without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to save the
fee? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically,
that's
what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit
as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing
so.
<p>
-So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid
paying
-the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you.</p>
+So if you want to refer to the system simply as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> to avoid paying
+the fee for calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> we won't
criticize you.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="many">Many other projects contributed to
@@ -853,7 +866,7 @@
<p>
Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for
the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness
-and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
“Linux”.
+and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution
(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU).</p>
</dd>
@@ -867,7 +880,7 @@
systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd
-by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing
+by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing
wrong with doing so.</p>
</dd>
@@ -892,7 +905,7 @@
In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the
“main” repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux made up 1.5%. So the same argument would apply even more
-strongly to calling it “Linux”.
+strongly to calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an
@@ -929,7 +942,7 @@
<dd>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” the
-word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean either
“GNU's version of
+word “GNU” modifies <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> This can mean
either “GNU's version of
Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those
meanings
fits the situation at hand.
<p>
@@ -942,23 +955,24 @@
The free GNU/Linux distros do have
a <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">separate</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre">separate</em></ins></span>
version of
Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
-firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project,
+firmware <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“blobs”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“blobs.”</em></ins></span> If this were
part of the GNU Project,
it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want
to call it that, because it would be too confusing.</p>
<p>
We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system,
distinguished by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the
situation because it means “combination.” (Think of
-“Input/Output”.) This system is the combination of GNU
-and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Input/Output”.)</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Input/Output.”)</em></ins></span>
This system is the combination of GNU
+and Linux; hence, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-There are other ways to express “combination”. If you
+There are other ways to express <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“combination”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“combination.”</em></ins></span>
If you
think that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a
-hyphen is clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes
-say “GNU con Linux”.</p>
+hyphen is clear: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU-Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU-Linux.”</em></ins></span> In
Spanish, we sometimes
+say “GNU con <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="pronounce">How is the name
“GNU/Linux”
+<dt id="pronounce">How is the name “GNU/Linux”
pronounced? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#pronounce">#pronounce</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
@@ -974,16 +988,16 @@
<dd>
<p>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
-Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”.
+Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.”
That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a
GNU package.</p>
<p>
“GNU/Emacs” would mean the combination of GNU, the
operating system, and the program Emacs. That doesn't fit this
-program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to it.</p>
+program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to
it.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
+<dt id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
than “Linux/GNU”? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#whyorder">#whyorder</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -995,13 +1009,13 @@
In addition, “GNU/Linux” fits the fact that Linux is the
lowest level of the system and GNU fills technically higher
levels.</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a
lot
+However, if you prefer to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux/GNU”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux/GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
is a lot
better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and
make it seem that the whole system is Linux.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames0">#distronames0</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1030,9 +1044,10 @@
anything but “Foobar Linux”? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames1">#distronames1</a>)</span></dt>
<dd><p>When they spread misinformation by changing
“GNU”
-to “Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar
-Linux”, it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by
-calling it “Foobar GNU/Linux”.</p></dd>
+to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and call their
version of it “Foobar
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> it's proper
for you to correct the misinformation by
+calling it “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/Linux”.</p></dd></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux.”</p></dd></em></ins></span>
<dt id="companies">Wouldn't it be more
effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to
@@ -1053,7 +1068,7 @@
just because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence
at your disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together
we can change the situation to the point where companies will make
-more profit calling it “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+more profit calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="reserve">Wouldn't it be better to
@@ -1064,7 +1079,7 @@
The widespread practice of adding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software to the GNU/Linux
system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users
that <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software is ok, and that
using it is part of the spirit
-of “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
their mission to
+of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Many
“Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission to
help users use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> add-ons, and may even
invite salesmen to come
and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping
the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
@@ -1087,7 +1102,8 @@
With this understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions
that include <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software as
perverted, adulterated versions of
GNU, instead of thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of
-Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the
system GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis
@@ -1127,8 +1143,9 @@
GNU Hurd to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)
<p>
If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
-“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU
system
-and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system
+and labeling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> That wasn't
right, and we don't
want to act like that.</p>
</dd>
@@ -1147,7 +1164,7 @@
<p>
The people who had made the changes showed little interest in
cooperating with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care
-about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”.
+about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux <span
class="removed"><del><strong>user”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>user.”</em></ins></span>
That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to
other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their
changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
@@ -1155,7 +1172,7 @@
only) group that was unwilling to work with us.</p>
<p>
It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
-version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was
+version of the GNU system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and that this
confusion was
obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is
our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the
“Linux” misnomer.</p>
@@ -1174,8 +1191,8 @@
convention be applied to all programs that are GPL'ed? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#allgpled">#allgpled</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-We never refer to individual programs as
“GNU/<i>name</i>”. When a program
-is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>”.
+We never refer to individual programs as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/<i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/<i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
When a program
+is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong><i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs.
Some of the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or
@@ -1228,15 +1245,17 @@
<p>
No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from
-Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this,
+Unix. The name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> which stands for
“GNU's Not
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> is a humorous
way of giving credit to Unix for this,
following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the
70s.</p>
<p>
The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
-TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO.”</em></ins></span> The author of
TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of
-calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
TECO”, he
+calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO,”</em></ins></span> he
thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking
means: <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</em></ins></span>
cleverness</a>.)</p>
@@ -1246,7 +1265,7 @@
program that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its
name was “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name,
such
as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
spirit we called our
-replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”.</p>
+replacement for Unix “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to
give it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar
@@ -1254,7 +1273,8 @@
threatened to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is
why each of the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary,
like Unix) had a completely different name that didn't include
-“Unix”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Unix”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="bsd">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
@@ -1285,7 +1305,7 @@
why the name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it.</p>
<p>
There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
-developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
+developers call it “Debian <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/NetBSD”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/NetBSD,”</em></ins></span> but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just
the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the system
is the same as the GNU/Linux system.</p>
@@ -1296,7 +1316,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
-Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of
GNU
+Not in the same sense that we mean by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> The
tools of GNU
are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU
system, and underneath them you would still have another complete
operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all,
@@ -1347,7 +1367,7 @@
the two have very little code in common. In fact, the only thing they
have in common is Linux.</p>
<p>
-If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”,
+If you call the whole GNU/Linux system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
you will find it necessary to say things like, “Android contains
Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux
[sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU system].”</p>
@@ -1368,7 +1388,7 @@
people will</em></ins></span> not <span class="inserted"><ins><em>understand
the intended meaning.
<p>
The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
-“using Linux”. It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
+“using Linux.” It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
saying you were conversing with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU
system does not have precise boundaries.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>person's intestines or the
person's circulatory system.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1378,7 +1398,7 @@
Linux” when it's really GNU/Linux,</em></ins></span> by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>a community. It includes far
more than just</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>way
of</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU software
packages (of which we have</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>usual
misunderstanding: thinking of the whole system as
-“Linux”.</p>
+“Linux.”</p>
<p>
Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as
different as driving</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>specific
@@ -1388,8 +1408,8 @@
fact</em></ins></span> that <span class="removed"><del><strong>yields
GNU/Linux.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>a car and a
bicycle both have a structure of metal is
irrelevant to using those two.</em></ins></span> If you <span
class="removed"><del><strong>use part</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>wish to talk about using cars
-and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”
-— not unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
+and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”—not
+unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
say, “using cars</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>omit part, there is
no meaningful</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>bikes.” Likewise, the clear</em></ins></span>
way to <span class="removed"><del><strong>say “how much” you
used.</p>
<p>
@@ -1442,7 +1462,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project
-or label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole
+or label it as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU.”</em></ins></span> When we talk
about the whole
system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>credit.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>credit.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1453,13 +1473,17 @@
agree that Linux is just the kernel? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#linusagreed">#linusagreed</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a
+href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
+earliest Linux release <span class="removed"><del><strong>notes
said, <a
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the
+href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01">
+“Most</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>notes</a> said:</p>
+<blockquote><p>
+Most</em></ins></span> of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are
under the
GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-for more info”</a>.</p>
+for more <span
class="removed"><del><strong>info”</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>info.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="finishhurd">Why not finish the GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU
system
@@ -1487,7 +1511,7 @@
This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
“society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
-name to use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but
+name to use. You can't make others say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> but
you can decide to call the system “GNU/Linux”
yourself—and by doing so, you will help educate <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1500,10 +1524,10 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect
pictures are being spread more or less by various people. If you call
-the system “GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's
true
+the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will help others learn the system's true
history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer
everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If
-only a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you
will
+only a few hundred people see you use the term <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will
have educated a substantial number of people with very little work.
And some of them will spread the correction to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1515,14 +1539,15 @@
<dd>
If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
-calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently.
+calling the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
uses your time inefficiently.
<p>
It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's
origin. But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others
whenever they talk about the system. They will probably just call it
-“Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread
the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
Without particularly intending to, they will help spread the
incorrect picture.</p>
<p>
It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and
@@ -1588,7 +1613,8 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="whynotsue">Why not sue people who call
@@ -1632,7 +1658,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="deserve">Since you failed to put
- something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
“GNU”,
+ something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span>
you deserve what happened; why are you complaining now? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#deserve">#deserve</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1658,7 +1684,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="somanyright">Since many people call
-it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
+it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> doesn't that
make it right? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1671,7 +1697,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
-includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking
+includes <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they will
recognize what you're talking
about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as
‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all <span
class="removed"><del><strong>understand.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>understand.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1752,7 +1778,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 10:37:07 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.ca.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.ca.po,v
retrieving revision 1.98
retrieving revision 1.99
diff -u -b -r1.98 -r1.99
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.ca.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.98
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.ca.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:50 -0000 1.99
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-09-18 09:47+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Miquel Puigpelat <mpuigpe1@xtec.cat>\n"
"Language-Team: Catalan <www-ca-traductors@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -35,10 +35,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "per Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Quan algunes persones veuen que emprem i recomanem el nom GNU/Linux per un "
@@ -250,11 +259,22 @@
"faltar a la veritat anomenar al sistema simplement «GNU»?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Hauria que pagar un canon si utilitze «Linux» en "
"el nom d'un producte i hauria també de pagar-lo si utilitze el nom «GNU/"
@@ -361,10 +381,19 @@
msgstr "<a href=\"#whyorder\">Per què «GNU/Linux» en lloc de
«Linux/GNU»?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">Els desenvolupadors de la meva distribució "
"l'anomenen »Foobar Linux», però no expliquen en què consisteix el
sistema. "
@@ -615,9 +644,18 @@
"requerir a la gent a anomenar al sistema «GNU»?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Ja que no vau afegir cap clà usula a la GNU GPL per "
@@ -633,8 +671,15 @@
"</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Atès que molta gent l'anomena «Linux», no el "
@@ -812,6 +857,24 @@
"Per aquells temps, la confusió ja s'havia estès."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -819,7 +882,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Gran part de la gent que anomena «Linux» al sistema mai ha sentit parlar de
"
"perquè aquest no és el nom correcte. Ells veuen a altres utilitzant aquest "
@@ -846,22 +909,46 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"No sempreâsols quan estigueu parlant sobre el sistema en conjunt. Quan us "
"estigueu referint al nucli en especial, deurÃeu d'anomenar-lo «Linux», el "
"nom que elegà el seu desenvolupador."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Quan la gent anomena «Linux» al sistema en conjunt, com a conseqüència "
@@ -930,8 +1017,17 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -987,10 +1083,34 @@
"codi obert</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1046,10 +1166,23 @@
"href=\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1061,11 +1194,22 @@
"amb més detall."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"La gent que diu això són probablement geeks (amants de la tecnologia) "
"pensant en altres geeks que coneixen. Els geeks solen saber una mica del "
@@ -1098,11 +1242,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Si les vostres paraules no reflecteixen el vostre coneixement, no podrà "
"ensenyar a altres. Molta gent que ha sentit parlar del sistema GNU/Linux "
@@ -1160,14 +1316,31 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"La gent que pensa que Linux és un sistema operatiu complet, si escolten "
"parlar del GNU, a sovint prenen una idea equivocada del que és. Solen creure
"
@@ -1235,12 +1408,32 @@
"programes."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1255,11 +1448,28 @@
"l'Unix, emprà rem el terme «sistema operatiu» de la mateixa manera."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1272,10 +1482,20 @@
"«nucli» també per evitar l'ambigüitat sobre el programari al que us
referiu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Si preferiu utilitzar un altre terme com ara «distribució del sistema» per
a "
@@ -1385,9 +1605,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1414,9 +1634,18 @@
"\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"Hi ha disponibles molts <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">paquets i versions "
@@ -1467,9 +1696,17 @@
"inclou reorganitzar una part substancial del sistema GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Mai vam arribar a l'últim pas de distribuir GNU amb el nom «GNU», però
això "
@@ -1486,13 +1723,28 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Aquesta prà ctica sembla ser molt estranyaâno trobem altres exemples
d'errors "
"semblants al mal ús del nom «Linux». Normalment un sistema operatiu es "
@@ -1546,9 +1798,18 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Durant un temps provà rem amb el nom «LiGNUx», que combina les paraules
«GNU» "
@@ -1556,8 +1817,16 @@
"«GNU/Linux»."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1604,8 +1873,16 @@
"\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1714,10 +1991,21 @@
"seva contribució al sistema."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Atès que molta gent coneix al sistema amb el nom de «Linux», si nosaltres "
@@ -1726,10 +2014,23 @@
"sentit."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1749,9 +2050,17 @@
"no teniu l'obligació de pagar pel privilegi de donar-se'l."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Aixà que si us voleu referir al sistema simplement com «GNU», per evitar "
"pagar un canon per anomenar-lo «Linux», no us criticarem."
@@ -1811,12 +2120,25 @@
"de tall, per tant no direm res en contra de la teva elecció."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Diferents punts de tall durien a diferents opcions per a cridar al sistema. "
"Però un nom que no respecta el reconeixement correcte del sistema, ni à dhuc
"
@@ -1852,7 +2174,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1899,11 +2221,21 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Al 2008 vam trobar que el 15% del repositori <cite>main</cite> de la "
"distribuició gNewSense GNU/Linux eren paquets GNU. Linux representava "
@@ -1966,9 +2298,21 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1996,9 +2340,10 @@
# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate-]
# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate+} version
# | of Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains
-# | non[---]free firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU
-# | Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not
-# | want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+# | non[---]free firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If
+# | this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU
+# | Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be
+# | too confusing.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
@@ -2012,7 +2357,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2024,11 +2369,24 @@
"Linux», però no volem anomenar-lo aixà perquè crearia confusió."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Nosaltres parlem sobre una versió del GNU, el sistema operatiu, que es "
"distingeix per tenir el Linux com a nucli. La barra està per donar-li un "
@@ -2037,11 +2395,22 @@
"Linux»."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"No hi ha altres maneres d'expressar «combinació». Si penseu que el signe
de "
"la suma (+) és clar, si us plau utilitzeu-lo. En francès, un guió és "
@@ -2093,7 +2462,7 @@
# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
# | [-Linux”-] {+Emacs”+} the word “GNU” modifies
# | [-“Linux”. This can mean either “GNU's version of
-# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs”. That is the right
+# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs.” That is the right
# | way to describe a program called Emacs+} which is a GNU [-package.”
# | Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand.-] {+package.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -2105,7 +2474,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Seguint les regles de l'anglès, en al construcció «GNU Linux» la paraula "
@@ -2145,8 +2514,17 @@
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2155,8 +2533,19 @@
"parèixer que Linux és el sistema complet."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2220,11 +2609,22 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} and call their version
+# | of it “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's proper for
+# | you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar
+# | [-GNU/Linux”.-] {+GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Quan ells difonen informació falsa canviant «GNU» per «Linux», i
anomenen la "
"seva versió «Foobar Linux», és adient corregir aquesta tergiversació "
@@ -2261,12 +2661,24 @@
"importava el que era cert."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"No podem fer que canviïn, però no som dels que es rendeixen perquè el
camà "
"no sigui fà cil. Podeu no tenir tanta influència com IBM o Red Hat, però "
@@ -2290,12 +2702,12 @@
# | The widespread practice of adding non[---]free software to the GNU/Linux
# | system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that
# | non[---]free software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
-# | “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
-# | their mission to help users use non[---]free add-ons, and may even invite
-# | salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such
-# | as “helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them
-# | use non[---]free applications and drivers), or making the system more
-# | popular even at the cost of freedom.
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use non[---]free
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use non[---]free applications and
+# | drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux "
@@ -2310,13 +2722,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"La prà ctica à mpliament estesa d'afegir programari no lliure als sistemes
GNU/"
"Linux és un gran problema per a la nostra comunitat. Això ensenya als "
@@ -2354,7 +2765,7 @@
# | they can start to recognize [-Lindows and so-called “United
# | Linux”-] {+the distributions that include nonfree software+} as
# | perverted, adulterated versions of [-GNU.-] {+GNU, instead of thinking
-# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”.+}
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
@@ -2370,7 +2781,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"La forma correcta per a tractar que aquests usuaris vegin una connexió amb "
"el concepte de llibertat és exactament la contrà ria: informar-los que "
@@ -2471,11 +2882,22 @@
"funcionar el GNU Hurd, segurament ho haurÃem fet."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Si agaféssim una versió existent del GNU/Linux i la rebategéssim com
«GNU», "
"seria com agafar una versió del sistema GNU i rebatejar-la com «Linux».
Això "
@@ -2509,11 +2931,29 @@
"en Linux. Però els canvis a sovint es feren a propòsit i no eren portables."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2528,9 +2968,22 @@
"nosaltres."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2569,10 +3022,18 @@
"\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Mai ens referim a un programa individual com «GNU/<i>nom</i>». Quan un "
"programa és un paquet del GNU, acostumem a anomenar-lo «GNU <i>nom</i>»."
@@ -2687,10 +3148,24 @@
"l'Unix; tot havia de ser escrit de nou."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2701,11 +3176,12 @@
"anys 70."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”.
-# | The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were
-# | already many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a
-# | dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of
-# | a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
# | href=\"http{+s+}://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">playful
# | cleverness</a>.)
#, fuzzy
@@ -2718,10 +3194,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2733,13 +3209,28 @@
"\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>diversió amb astúcia</a>.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"A altres hackers els agradà tant el nom que decidirem imitar la proposta. Es
"
"convertà en una tradició que, quan escrivies un programa que era semblant a
"
@@ -2749,13 +3240,28 @@
"alternativa per a l'Unix <cite>GNU's Not Unix</cite>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Històricament, AT&T que fou qui desenvolupà l'Unix no donà permÃs a "
"ningú per usar el mot «Unix» en el nom d'un sistema similar, no ho
permetien "
@@ -2840,9 +3346,22 @@
"nom «GNU/Linux» és apropiat per al sistema."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2864,8 +3383,21 @@
"href=\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2972,8 +3504,19 @@
"poc codi en comú. De fet, l'única cosa que tenen en comú és Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -3012,7 +3555,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
@@ -3020,7 +3563,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -3030,7 +3573,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3135,11 +3678,22 @@
"\">#claimlinux</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Seria erroni, i per això no ho fem. L'obra de Torvalds és Linux, el nucli; "
"nosaltres tenim cura de no atribuir aquesta obra al Projecte GNU i no la "
@@ -3155,12 +3709,39 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
-# | said, <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-# | for more info”</a>.
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Ho reconegué al començament. En les notes de les primeres publicacions del "
+"Linux escrigué: <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/";
+"old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">«La majoria de les ferramentes utilitzades amb "
+"el linux són programari del GNU i tenen la llicència copyleft del GNU. "
+"Aquestes ferramentes no estan en la distribució â pregunteu-me (a mi o a "
+"GNU) per més informació.»</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
@@ -3169,11 +3750,9 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Ho reconegué al començament. En les notes de les primeres publicacions del "
"Linux escrigué: <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/";
@@ -3240,11 +3819,26 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3265,13 +3859,32 @@
"(<a href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3296,22 +3909,48 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Si voleu ajudar-nos explicant a altres d'aquesta forma, apreciem el vostre "
"esforç, però aquest no és el millor mètode. No és tan efectiu com
anomenar "
"al sistema «GNU/Linux», i fa que gasteu ineficientment el vostre temps."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
" Ãs ineficient perquè pot no penetrar en la societat i segurament no es "
@@ -3448,9 +4087,16 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#force\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Seria equivocat forçar-la i no ho intentem. Nosaltres anomenem «GNU/Linux»
"
"al sistema i us demanem que també ho feu vosaltres."
@@ -3553,9 +4199,19 @@
"l'expressió «llicència BSD» sense especificar quina."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3609,8 +4265,17 @@
"privatiu era legÃtim i acceptable."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3633,9 +4298,20 @@
"\">#knownname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.de-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.de-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.12
retrieving revision 1.13
diff -u -b -r1.12 -r1.13
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.de-diff.html 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.12
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.de-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.13
@@ -12,30 +12,35 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.86</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>GNU/Linux FAQ
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU/Linux <span class="removed"><del><strong>FAQ
by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>FAQ</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2>
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-<div class="announcement">
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>, our
page on <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
-</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-
+</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
<p>
When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a
-system that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions.
+system that many others call just <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they ask many
questions.
Here are common questions, and our answers.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="toc">
+<div class="toc">
<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3></em></ins></span>
<ul>
@@ -130,8 +135,8 @@
<li><a href="#trademarkfee">I would have to pay a
fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
- that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it
- wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to
+ that would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it
+ wrong if I use “GNU” without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to
save the fee?</a></li>
<li><a href="#many">Many other projects contributed to the
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@
rather than “Linux/GNU”?</a></li>
<li><a href="#distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like?</a></li>
@@ -281,14 +286,16 @@
<li><a href="#deserve">Since you failed to put
something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
- “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> you
deserve what happened; why are you
complaining now?</a></li>
<li><a href="#contradict">Wouldn't you be better off
not contradicting what so many people believe?</a></li>
<li><a href="#somanyright">Since many people call it
- “Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
<li><a href="#knownname">Isn't it better to call the
system by the name most users already know?</a></li>
@@ -380,7 +387,7 @@
the system's history was such as to fit that name. For
instance, they often believe its development was started by Linus
Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends to reinforce the idea
-that the system should be called “Linux”.</p>
+that the system should be called <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to
justify the name they are accustomed to using.</p>
@@ -391,14 +398,16 @@
<dd>
Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
-“Linux”, the name its developer chose.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> the
name its developer chose.
<p>
-When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence
+When people call the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> as a
consequence
they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel.
This causes many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell
whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole system.
-By calling the whole system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel
-“Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity.</p>
+By calling the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
calling the kernel
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
avoid the ambiguity.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="linuxalone">Would Linux have
@@ -428,7 +437,7 @@
community if you did not divide people with this request? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#divide">#divide</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing people.
We
+When we ask people to say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> we
are not dividing people. We
are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating
system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
<p>
@@ -456,7 +465,8 @@
The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of
attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community.
People who value freedom are more likely to call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and people who learn that the system is
“GNU/Linux” are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are
more likely to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for
freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for the system
makes a real difference for society). However, the disagreement would
@@ -484,7 +494,7 @@
<dd>Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using
public in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most
-articles about the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the
ideals
+articles about the system do not mention the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> or the ideals
that GNU stands for. <a
href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU Users Who Have Never
Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
@@ -492,7 +502,7 @@
The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection
-of <a href="#tools">“tools”</a>, or a project to
develop tools.</p>
+of <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="#tools">“tools”</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“<a
href="#tools">tools</a>,”</em></ins></span> or a project to
develop tools.</p>
<p>
The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another
common misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing
@@ -508,8 +518,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others.
Most people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
-“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
-it was intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> that it
was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
+it was intended to be “open <span
class="removed"><del><strong>source”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>source.”</em></ins></span> If you don't tell
them, who <span class="removed"><del><strong>will?</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>will?</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -538,10 +549,10 @@
People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they
hear about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They
may think that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they
-say “programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became
+say “programming <span
class="removed"><del><strong>tools”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools,”</em></ins></span> since some of our
programming tools became
popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an
operating
system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that
-operating system is labeled “Linux”.
+operating system is labeled <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the project
to develop the GNU system. (See <a
@@ -570,7 +581,7 @@
programs.</p>
<p>
To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” to
-mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. The
+mean <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“kernel.”</em></ins></span> Both uses of
the term go back many years. The
use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found in
a number of
textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time,
in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
all
@@ -581,12 +592,12 @@
Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating system”
they are using “operating system” in the same sense we use: they
mean
the whole collection of programs. If that's what you are referring
-to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean just the kernel, then
+to, please call it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> If
you mean just the kernel, then
“Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
“kernel” also to
avoid ambiguity about which body of software you mean.</p>
<p>
If you prefer to use some other term such as “system distribution”
for
-the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating system”,
+the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system,”</em></ins></span>
that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux system
distributions.</p>
</dd>
@@ -638,8 +649,8 @@
<dd>
The people who argue that way for calling the system
“Linux” are using a double standard. An operating system
-requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much more
-— hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
+requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much
+more—hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
system be “Linux”?
@@ -660,7 +671,8 @@
<dd>
Many <a href="/distros/distros.html"> packaged and installable
versions of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
-“GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but GNU
is what they basically are.
<p>
We expected to release the GNU system packaged for installation, but
@@ -687,7 +699,8 @@
<p>
We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
-“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but that
doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
GNU is an operating system.</p>
</dd>
@@ -697,11 +710,11 @@
<dd>
That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
-than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating system
is
+than the misuse of the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Normally an
operating system is
developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a
name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a
name of its own—instead, people say “the kernel of
such-and-such” or
-“the such-and-such kernel”.
+“the such-and-such <span
class="removed"><del><strong>kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>kernel.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression
“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning
“the kernel
@@ -726,11 +739,11 @@
How about recommending a shorter name? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long">#long</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words
“GNU”
-and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. People accept
“GNU/Linux”
+For a while we tried the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“LiGNUx”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“LiGNUx,”</em></ins></span> which
combines the words “GNU”
+and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> The reaction
was very bad. People accept “GNU/Linux”
much better.
<p>
-The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but
+The shortest legitimate name for this system is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but
we call it “GNU/Linux” <a href="#justgnu"> for the reasons
given below</a>.</p>
</dd>
@@ -755,7 +768,7 @@
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long2">#long2</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you
+<p>It only takes a second to say or type <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/.”</em></ins></span> If you
appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second
to recognize our work?</p>
</dd>
@@ -806,9 +819,9 @@
honorably and openly, rather than by trying to cut him out of the
credit for his contribution to the system.</li>
<li>
-Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say
“GNU” they
+Since many people know of the system as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> if we say
“GNU” they
may simply not recognize we're talking about the same system. If we
-say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to what they have heard
+say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> they
can make a connection to what they have heard
about.</li>
<span
class="removed"><del><strong></ul><p></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></ul></em></ins></span>
@@ -816,16 +829,16 @@
<dt id="trademarkfee">I would have
to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
that
- would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use
“GNU”
- without “Linux”, to save the fee? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
+ would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it wrong if I use “GNU”
+ without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to save the
fee? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically,
that's
what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit
as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing
so.
<p>
-So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid
paying
-the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you.</p>
+So if you want to refer to the system simply as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> to avoid paying
+the fee for calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> we won't
criticize you.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="many">Many other projects contributed to
@@ -855,7 +868,7 @@
<p>
Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for
the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness
-and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
“Linux”.
+and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution
(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU).</p>
</dd>
@@ -869,7 +882,7 @@
systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd
-by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing
+by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing
wrong with doing so.</p>
</dd>
@@ -894,7 +907,7 @@
In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the
“main” repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux made up 1.5%. So the same argument would apply even more
-strongly to calling it “Linux”.
+strongly to calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an
@@ -931,7 +944,7 @@
<dd>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” the
-word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean either
“GNU's version of
+word “GNU” modifies <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> This can mean
either “GNU's version of
Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those
meanings
fits the situation at hand.
<p>
@@ -944,23 +957,24 @@
The free GNU/Linux distros do have
a <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">separate</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre">separate</em></ins></span>
version of
Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
-firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project,
+firmware <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“blobs”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“blobs.”</em></ins></span> If this were
part of the GNU Project,
it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want
to call it that, because it would be too confusing.</p>
<p>
We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system,
distinguished by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the
situation because it means “combination.” (Think of
-“Input/Output”.) This system is the combination of GNU
-and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Input/Output”.)</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Input/Output.”)</em></ins></span>
This system is the combination of GNU
+and Linux; hence, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-There are other ways to express “combination”. If you
+There are other ways to express <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“combination”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“combination.”</em></ins></span>
If you
think that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a
-hyphen is clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes
-say “GNU con Linux”.</p>
+hyphen is clear: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU-Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU-Linux.”</em></ins></span> In
Spanish, we sometimes
+say “GNU con <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="pronounce">How is the name
“GNU/Linux”
+<dt id="pronounce">How is the name “GNU/Linux”
pronounced? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#pronounce">#pronounce</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
@@ -976,16 +990,16 @@
<dd>
<p>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
-Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”.
+Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.”
That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a
GNU package.</p>
<p>
“GNU/Emacs” would mean the combination of GNU, the
operating system, and the program Emacs. That doesn't fit this
-program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to it.</p>
+program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to
it.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
+<dt id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
than “Linux/GNU”? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#whyorder">#whyorder</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -997,13 +1011,13 @@
In addition, “GNU/Linux” fits the fact that Linux is the
lowest level of the system and GNU fills technically higher levels.</p>
<p>
-However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a
lot
+However, if you prefer to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux/GNU”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux/GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
is a lot
better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and
make it seem that the whole system is Linux.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames0">#distronames0</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1032,9 +1046,10 @@
anything but “Foobar Linux”? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames1">#distronames1</a>)</span></dt>
<dd><p>When they spread misinformation by changing
“GNU”
-to “Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar
-Linux”, it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by
-calling it “Foobar GNU/Linux”.</p></dd>
+to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and call their
version of it “Foobar
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> it's proper
for you to correct the misinformation by
+calling it “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/Linux”.</p></dd></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux.”</p></dd></em></ins></span>
<dt id="companies">Wouldn't it be more
effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to
@@ -1055,7 +1070,7 @@
just because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence
at your disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together
we can change the situation to the point where companies will make
-more profit calling it “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+more profit calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="reserve">Wouldn't it be better to
@@ -1066,7 +1081,7 @@
The widespread practice of adding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software to the GNU/Linux
system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users
that <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software is ok, and that
using it is part of the spirit
-of “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
their mission to
+of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Many
“Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission to
help users use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> add-ons, and may even
invite salesmen to come
and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping
the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
@@ -1089,7 +1104,8 @@
With this understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions
that include <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software as
perverted, adulterated versions of
GNU, instead of thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of
-Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the
system GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis
@@ -1129,8 +1145,9 @@
GNU Hurd to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)
<p>
If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
-“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU
system
-and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system
+and labeling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> That wasn't
right, and we don't
want to act like that.</p>
</dd>
@@ -1149,7 +1166,7 @@
<p>
The people who had made the changes showed little interest in
cooperating with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care
-about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”.
+about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux <span
class="removed"><del><strong>user”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>user.”</em></ins></span>
That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to
other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their
changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
@@ -1157,7 +1174,7 @@
only) group that was unwilling to work with us.</p>
<p>
It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
-version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was
+version of the GNU system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and that this
confusion was
obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is
our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the
“Linux” misnomer.</p>
@@ -1176,8 +1193,8 @@
convention be applied to all programs that are GPL'ed? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#allgpled">#allgpled</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-We never refer to individual programs as
“GNU/<i>name</i>”. When a program
-is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>”.
+We never refer to individual programs as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/<i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/<i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
When a program
+is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong><i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs.
Some of the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or
@@ -1230,15 +1247,17 @@
<p>
No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from
-Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this,
+Unix. The name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> which stands for
“GNU's Not
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> is a humorous
way of giving credit to Unix for this,
following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the
70s.</p>
<p>
The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
-TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO.”</em></ins></span> The author of
TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of
-calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
TECO”, he
+calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO,”</em></ins></span> he
thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking
means: <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</em></ins></span>
cleverness</a>.)</p>
@@ -1248,7 +1267,7 @@
program that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its
name was “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name,
such
as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
spirit we called our
-replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”.</p>
+replacement for Unix “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to
give it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar
@@ -1256,7 +1275,8 @@
threatened to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is
why each of the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary,
like Unix) had a completely different name that didn't include
-“Unix”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Unix”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="bsd">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
@@ -1287,7 +1307,7 @@
why the name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it.</p>
<p>
There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
-developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
+developers call it “Debian <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/NetBSD”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/NetBSD,”</em></ins></span> but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just
the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the system
is the same as the GNU/Linux system.</p>
@@ -1298,7 +1318,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
-Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of
GNU
+Not in the same sense that we mean by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> The
tools of GNU
are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU
system, and underneath them you would still have another complete
operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all,
@@ -1349,7 +1369,7 @@
the two have very little code in common. In fact, the only thing they
have in common is Linux.</p>
<p>
-If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”,
+If you call the whole GNU/Linux system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
you will find it necessary to say things like, “Android contains
Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux
[sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU system].”</p>
@@ -1368,22 +1388,24 @@
people will not understand the intended meaning.
<p>
The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
-“using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then
+“using <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</em></ins></span> It's like having a
conversation, then
saying you were conversing with the person's intestines or the
person's circulatory system.</p>
<p>
The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using
Linux” when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual
misunderstanding: thinking of the whole system as
-“Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as
different as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the
first two both contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the
fact that a car and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is
irrelevant to using those two. If you wish to talk about using cars
-and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “riding metal objects”
-— not unless you're playing games with the reader. You would
+and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “riding metal <span
class="removed"><del><strong>objects”
+— not</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>objects”—not</em></ins></span>
+unless you're playing games with the reader. You would
say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the clear way to
talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using
GNU/Linux and Android.”</p>
@@ -1430,7 +1452,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project
-or label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole
+or label it as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU.”</em></ins></span> When we talk
about the whole
system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>credit.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>credit.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1441,13 +1463,17 @@
agree that Linux is just the kernel? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#linusagreed">#linusagreed</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a
+href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
+earliest Linux release <span class="removed"><del><strong>notes
said, <a
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the
+href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01">
+“Most</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>notes</a> said:</p>
+<blockquote><p>
+Most</em></ins></span> of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are
under the
GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-for more info”</a>.</p>
+for more <span
class="removed"><del><strong>info”</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>info.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="finishhurd">Why not finish the GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU
system
@@ -1475,7 +1501,7 @@
This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
“society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
-name to use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but
+name to use. You can't make others say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> but
you can decide to call the system “GNU/Linux”
yourself—and by doing so, you will help educate <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1488,10 +1514,10 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect
pictures are being spread more or less by various people. If you call
-the system “GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's
true
+the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will help others learn the system's true
history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer
everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If
-only a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you
will
+only a few hundred people see you use the term <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will
have educated a substantial number of people with very little work.
And some of them will spread the correction to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1503,14 +1529,15 @@
<dd>
If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
-calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently.
+calling the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
uses your time inefficiently.
<p>
It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's
origin. But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others
whenever they talk about the system. They will probably just call it
-“Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread
the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
Without particularly intending to, they will help spread the
incorrect picture.</p>
<p>
It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and
@@ -1576,7 +1603,8 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="whynotsue">Why not sue people who call
@@ -1620,7 +1648,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="deserve">Since you failed to put
- something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
“GNU”,
+ something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span>
you deserve what happened; why are you complaining now? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#deserve">#deserve</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1646,7 +1674,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="somanyright">Since many people call
-it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
+it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> doesn't that
make it right? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1659,7 +1687,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
-includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking
+includes <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they will
recognize what you're talking
about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as
‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all <span
class="removed"><del><strong>understand.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>understand.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1740,7 +1768,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 10:37:07 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.de.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.de.po,v
retrieving revision 1.126
retrieving revision 1.127
diff -u -b -r1.126 -r1.127
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.de.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.126
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.de.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.127
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Webmasters <webmasters@gnu.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-04-12 22:00+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Jоегg Kоhпе <joeko (AT) online [PUNKT] de>\n"
"Language-Team: German <www-de-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -33,10 +33,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "von <strong>Richard Stallman</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Wenn wir den Namen <b>GNU/Linux</b> für ein System verwenden und empfehlen, "
@@ -261,11 +270,22 @@
"das System tatsächlich einfach <em>GNU</em> zu nennen?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Für die Nutzung von <em>Linux</em> im Namen eines "
"Produktes würde eine Gebühr entrichtet werden müssen, auch, wenn es
<em>GNU/"
@@ -373,10 +393,19 @@
"<a href=\"#whyorder\">Warum <b>GNU/Linux</b> statt <em>Linux/GNU</em>?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">Die Entwickler meiner Distribution nennen es <em>"
"âFubar Linuxâ</em>, aber das sagt nichts darüber aus, woraus das System "
@@ -636,9 +665,18 @@
"um zu verlangen, das System GNU zu nennen?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Da ihr versäumt habt etwas in die GNU GPL aufzunehmen, "
@@ -654,8 +692,15 @@
"so viele glauben?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Da es viele <em>âLinuxâ</em> nennen, macht es
das "
@@ -844,6 +889,24 @@
"Durcheinander schon einen groÃen Vorsprung."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -851,7 +914,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Die meisten Menschen, die das System <em>âLinuxâ</em> nennen, haben noch
nie "
"gehört, warum das nicht Richtig ist. Sie sahen andere diesen Namen verwenden
"
@@ -879,22 +942,46 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Nicht immer ‑ nur, wenn man über das Gesamtsystem spricht. "
"Bezieht man sich konkret auf den Betriebssystemkern, sollten es <em>Linux</"
"em> genannt werden, den von seinem Entwickler gewählten Namen."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Wenn das Gesamtsystem <em>âLinuxâ</em> genannt wird, wird als Konsequenz
das "
@@ -965,8 +1052,17 @@
"\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -1023,10 +1119,34 @@
"Software verfehlt</cite></a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1085,10 +1205,23 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1100,11 +1233,22 @@
"weitere Auskunft."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"Die Leute, die das sagen, sind wahrscheinlich Geeks, die an die Geeks "
"denken, die sie kennen. Geeks wissen oft uÌber GNU Bescheid, aber viele
haben "
@@ -1138,11 +1282,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Wenn Worte kein Wissen widerspiegeln, sollte man andere nicht unterrichtet. "
"Die meisten Menschen, die vom GNU/Linux-System gehört haben, denken es sei "
@@ -1200,14 +1356,31 @@
"\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Menschen, dieâLinux für ein vollständiges Betriebssystem betrachten, "
"bekommen häufig, wenn sie überhaupt von GNU erfahren, eine falsche "
@@ -1278,12 +1451,32 @@
"Starten und Stoppen anderer Programme."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1299,11 +1492,28 @@
"verwendeten wir den Begriff <em>Betriebssystem</em> auf die gleiche Weise."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1316,10 +1526,20 @@
"Unklarheiten zu vermeiden, welcher Teil der Software gemeint ist."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Wenn Sie einen anderen Begriff wie <em>Systemdistribution</em> anstelle von "
@@ -1428,9 +1648,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1457,9 +1677,18 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"Viele <a href=\"/distros/\">zusammengestellte und installierbare Varianten "
@@ -1513,9 +1742,17 @@
"neu zu verpacken ein."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Wir machten niemals den letzten Schritt, GNU unter dem Namen
<em>âGNUâ</em> "
@@ -1534,13 +1771,28 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Diese Praxis scheint sehr selten zu sein ‑ auÃer dem "
"Missbrauch des Namens <em>âLinuxâ</em> können wir keine anderen
Beispiele "
@@ -1599,9 +1851,18 @@
"\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Eine Zeit lang versuchten wir den Namen <em>LiGNUx</em>, der die Worte "
@@ -1609,8 +1870,16 @@
"<b>GNU/Linux</b> wurde viel besser akzeptiert."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1661,8 +1930,16 @@
# en: sprich "GNU Slash"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1786,10 +2063,21 @@
"seinen Beitrag zum System nicht anzuerkennen."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Da viele das System nur als <em>âLinuxâ</em> kennen, können sie einfach "
@@ -1798,10 +2086,23 @@
"herstellen, worüber sie gehört haben."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1822,9 +2123,17 @@
"zu lassen, aber man ist dazu nicht verpflichtet."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Wenn man sich auf das System einfach mit <em>GNU</em> beziehen möchte, um "
"die Gebühr für den Namen <em>Linux</em> nicht zahlen zu müssen, werden wir
"
@@ -1886,12 +2195,25 @@
"sprechen uns nicht dagegen aus."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Unterschiedliche Grenzwerte würden zu unterschiedlichen Systemnamen führen.
"
"Aber ein Name, der sich nicht im Interesse von Fairness und Anerkennung bei "
@@ -1927,7 +2249,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1974,11 +2296,21 @@
"\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Im Jahr 2008 stellten wir fest, dass GNU-Pakete 15 % des offiziellen "
"Projektarchivs (<em>main</em>) der gNewSense GNU/Linux-Distribution "
@@ -2043,9 +2375,21 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -2074,9 +2418,10 @@
# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate-]
# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate+} version
# | of Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains
-# | non[---]free firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU
-# | Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not
-# | want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+# | non[---]free firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If
+# | this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU
+# | Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be
+# | too confusing.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
@@ -2090,7 +2435,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2105,11 +2450,24 @@
"wäre."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Wir reden über eine Version von GNU, dem Betriebssystem, bei der sich Linux "
"als Systemkern auszeichnet. Ein Schrägstrich liegt auf der Hand, weil er "
@@ -2118,11 +2476,22 @@
"strong>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Es gibt andere Möglichkeiten, um <em>Verbindung</em> auszudrücken. Wenn Sie
"
"ein Pluszeichen für eindeutiger halten, verwenden Sie es bitte. Im "
@@ -2176,7 +2545,7 @@
# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
# | [-Linux”-] {+Emacs”+} the word “GNU” modifies
# | [-“Linux”. This can mean either “GNU's version of
-# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs”. That is the right
+# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs.” That is the right
# | way to describe a program called Emacs+} which is a GNU [-package.”
# | Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand.-] {+package.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -2188,7 +2557,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Nach den Regeln der englischen Sprache wird in der Konstruktion <em>âGNU "
@@ -2232,8 +2601,17 @@
"erfüllt."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2242,8 +2620,19 @@
"weglassen und den Anschein erwecken, das Gesamtsystem sei
<em>âLinuxâ</em>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2311,11 +2700,22 @@
"\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} and call their version
+# | of it “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's proper for
+# | you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar
+# | [-GNU/Linux”.-] {+GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Wenn Fehlinformation verbreitet werden, indem man <em>GNU</em> zu <em>"
"âLinuxâ</em> ändert und deren Version davon <em>âFubar Linuxâ</em>
nennt, "
@@ -2354,12 +2754,24 @@
"Unternehmen interessierte sich nicht dafür, was richtig war."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Wir können sie nicht dazu bringen, das richtigzustellen, aber wir sind nicht
"
"diejenigen, die aufgeben, nur weil der Weg nicht einfach ist. Möglicherweise
"
@@ -2384,12 +2796,12 @@
# | The widespread practice of adding non[---]free software to the GNU/Linux
# | system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that
# | non[---]free software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
-# | “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
-# | their mission to help users use non[---]free add-ons, and may even invite
-# | salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such
-# | as “helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them
-# | use non[---]free applications and drivers), or making the system more
-# | popular even at the cost of freedom.
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use non[---]free
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use non[---]free applications and
+# | drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux "
@@ -2404,13 +2816,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"Die weit verbreitete Praxis, dem GNU/Linux-System unfreie Software "
"hinzuzufügen, ist für unsere Gemeinschaft ein groÃes Problem. Es lehrt "
@@ -2451,7 +2862,8 @@
# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include non[---]free
# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
-# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”.
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
@@ -2468,7 +2880,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Der Weg, diese Nutzer dahin zu führen eine Verbindung mit Freiheit zu sehen,
"
"ist genau entgegengesetzt: sie zu informieren, dass all diese "
@@ -2573,11 +2985,22 @@
"ist das nachträgliche Einsicht)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Wenn wir eine vorhandene Version von GNU/Linux nehmen und als <em>GNU</em> "
"bezeichnen würden, wäre das ein wenig wie eine Version des GNU-Systems "
@@ -2614,11 +3037,29 @@
"bereinigt werden."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2634,9 +3075,22 @@
"uns zu arbeiten."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2678,10 +3132,18 @@
"\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Wir nennen niemals einzelne Programme <em>GNU/[Name]</em>. Ist ein Programm "
"ein GNU-Paket, können wir es <em>GNU [Name]</em> nennen."
@@ -2797,10 +3259,24 @@
"kopieren, nicht einmal Teile davon; alles musste neu geschrieben werden."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2811,11 +3287,12 @@
"rekursiven Akronymen, die in den 70ern begannen."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”.
-# | The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were
-# | already many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a
-# | dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of
-# | a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
# | href=\"http{+s+}://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">playful
# | cleverness</a>.)
#, fuzzy
@@ -2828,10 +3305,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2844,13 +3321,28 @@
"org/articles/on-hacking.html\">spielerische Klugheit</a>)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Anderen Hackern hatte dieser Name so sehr gefallen, dass wir den Ansatz "
"imitierten. Es wurde zur Tradition, ein von Grund auf neu geschriebenes "
@@ -2860,13 +3352,28 @@
"nannten wir unseren Ersatz für Unix <em>GNU’ Nicht Unix</em>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Historisch gesehen wollte AT&T, welche Unix entwickelten, nicht, dass "
"ihnen irgendjemand durch das Verwenden von <em>Unix</em> im Namen eines "
@@ -2953,9 +3460,22 @@
"der Name <b>GNU/Linux</b> angemessen."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2978,8 +3498,21 @@
# â¦situation _than_ from GNU/Linux.
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -3090,8 +3623,19 @@
"was sie gemein haben, ist Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -3134,9 +3678,19 @@
"gemeinte Bedeutung nicht verstanden wird."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
+# | “using [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+} It's like having a
+# | conversation, then saying you were conversing with the person's intestines
+# | or the person's circulatory system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"Die Ãffentlichkeit wird es wohl als sehr sonderbar empfinden von Android als
"
@@ -3145,10 +3699,18 @@
"Kreislaufsystem dieser Person unterhielt."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux”
+# | when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking
+# | of the whole system as [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Sollte es sich dabei tatsächlich um GNU/Linux handeln, <em>wird</em> die "
"Ãffentlichkeit die Vorstellung von <em>âmit
Linuxâ</em> ‑ "
@@ -3156,13 +3718,34 @@
"das Gesamtsystem als âLinuxâ denkend."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as
+# | driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both
+# | contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and
+# | a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two.
+# | If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of
+# | “riding metal [-objects” — not-]
+# | {+objects”—not+} unless you're playing games with the reader.
+# | You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the clear way
+# | to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using GNU/Linux
+# | and Android.”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3278,11 +3861,22 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Es wäre falsch, also machen wir das nicht. Die Arbeit von Torvalds ist "
"Linux, der Betriebssystemkern; wir sind darauf bedacht, diese Arbeit nicht "
@@ -3300,12 +3894,39 @@
"\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
-# | said, <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-# | for more info”</a>.
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Anfangs erkannte er das an. Der erste Versionshinweis von Linux besagt: <a "
+"href=\"http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/Historic/old-versions/";
+"RELNOTES-0.01\"><cite>„Die meisten der mit Linux verwendeten "
+"Dienstprogramme sind GNU-Software und stehen unter dem GNU Copyleft. Diese "
+"Dienstprogramme sind nicht in der Distribution ‑ fragt mich "
+"(oder GNU) für weitere Informationen.“</cite></a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
@@ -3314,11 +3935,9 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Anfangs erkannte er das an. Der erste Versionshinweis von Linux besagt: <a "
"href=\"http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/Historic/old-versions/";
@@ -3387,11 +4006,26 @@
"\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3414,13 +4048,32 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3445,10 +4098,20 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Wenn Sie uns helfen, indem Sie anderen auf diese Weise erklären, wissen wir "
"Ihr Engagement zu schätzen, aber das ist nicht die beste Methode. Es ist "
@@ -3456,12 +4119,28 @@
"Ihre Zeit ineffektiv."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"Es ist ineffektiv, weil es vielleicht keine Wirkung erzielt und sicherlich "
@@ -3606,9 +4285,16 @@
"\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Es wäre falsch, sie zu zwingen, und wir versuchen es nicht. Wir nennen das "
"System <b>GNU/Linux</b> und bitten Sie, es auch zu tun."
@@ -3717,9 +4403,19 @@
"gemeint ist."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3776,8 +4472,17 @@
"Software legitim und hinnehmbar wäre."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3801,9 +4506,20 @@
"\"#knownname\">#knownname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.144
retrieving revision 1.145
diff -u -b -r1.144 -r1.145
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.es.po 31 Aug 2021 11:35:27 -0000 1.144
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.es.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.145
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.es\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-08-31 12:54+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Javier Fdez. Retenaga <jfrtnaga@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <www-es-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.1\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
@@ -37,10 +38,19 @@
msgstr "por Richard Stallman"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Cuando la gente ve que empleamos y recomendamos el nombre GNU/Linux para "
@@ -258,11 +268,22 @@
"equivocado llamar al sistema simplemente «GNU»?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Si tuviera que pagar una tasa por emplear «Linux»
"
"en el nombre de un producto, y si eso también sucediera si dijera «GNU/"
@@ -347,10 +368,19 @@
msgstr "<a href=\"#whyorder\">¿Por qué «GNU/Linux» en vez de
«Linux/GNU»?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">Los desarrolladores de mi distribución la llaman "
"«XYZ Linux», pero eso no dice nada acerca de en qué consiste el sistema. "
@@ -607,9 +637,18 @@
"a la gente que llame al sistema «GNU»?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Dado que en la GPL de GNU no pusieron nada para exigir "
@@ -625,8 +664,15 @@
"tantas personas?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">El hecho de que muchas personas lo llamen «Linux»,
"
@@ -812,6 +858,24 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -819,7 +883,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"La mayorÃa de la gente que llama «Linux» al sistema nunca ha oÃdo la
razón "
"por la que no es la forma correcta. Vieron que otros usaban ese nombre y "
@@ -849,10 +913,19 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"No, no siempre, solo cuando se esté hablando del sistema completo. Cuando se
"
"refiera especÃficamente al núcleo, hay que llamarlo «Linux», que es el "
@@ -860,12 +933,27 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Cuando la gente llama «Linux» al sistema completo, está dando el mismo "
@@ -940,8 +1028,17 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -1001,10 +1098,34 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1066,10 +1187,23 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1082,11 +1216,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"Quienes lo dicen son probablemente informáticos que piensan en los "
"informáticos que conocen. Los informáticos a menudo han oÃdo hablar de
GNU, "
@@ -1121,11 +1266,23 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Si sus palabras no reflejan lo que sabe, no enseña a los demás. La mayorÃa
"
"de la gente que ha oÃdo hablar del sistema GNU/Linux cree que es «Linux», "
@@ -1188,14 +1345,31 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Quienes creen que Linux es un sistema operativo completo, si es que oyen "
"hablar de GNU, a menudo se hacen una idea equivocada de lo que es GNU. Es "
@@ -1269,12 +1443,32 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1291,11 +1485,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1309,10 +1520,20 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Si prefiere emplear alguna otra denominación como «distribución de
sistema» "
@@ -1418,12 +1639,26 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#nokernel\">#nokernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux”
+# | are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers,
+# | editors, window systems, libraries, and much [-more — hundreds-]
+# | {+more—hundreds+} of programs, even to match what BSD systems
+# | included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
+# | system be “Linux”?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” "
+#| "are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, "
+#| "editors, window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of "
+#| "programs, even to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since "
+#| "Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the system be “"
+#| "Linux”?"
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
"Quienes razonan asà para llamar al sistema «Linux» están aplicando una
doble "
"moral. Un sistema operativo requiere compiladores, editores, sistemas de "
@@ -1461,9 +1696,18 @@
"\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"Existen muchas <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">versiones de GNU "
@@ -1516,9 +1760,17 @@
"Esto implica volver a empaquetar una parte considerable del sistema GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Nunca dimos el último paso, que serÃa empaquetar GNU bajo el nombre
«GNU», "
@@ -1537,13 +1789,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Esa práctica no parece ser muy habitual, no encontramos otro ejemplo que no "
"sea el mal uso del nombre «Linux». Normalmente un sistema operativo se "
@@ -1604,9 +1871,18 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Durante un tiempo probamos con el nombre «LiGNUx», que combina las palabras
"
@@ -1615,8 +1891,16 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1666,8 +1950,16 @@
"href=\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1780,10 +2072,21 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><ul><li>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Dado que mucha gente conoce el sistema como «Linux», si decimos «GNU»
pueden "
@@ -1792,10 +2095,23 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1817,9 +2133,17 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"De modo que si para evitar el pago de regalÃas por llamarlo «Linux» quiere
"
"referirse al sistema simplemente como «GNU», no le censuraremos."
@@ -1884,12 +2208,25 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Diferentes grados en los lÃmites llevarÃan a elecciones distintas del
nombre "
"para el sistema. Pero un nombre que no puede ser el resultado de la "
@@ -1910,11 +2247,23 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#others\">#others</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
+# | kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
+# | (GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/systemd/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/systemd/Linux,”+} there is nothing wrong with doing so.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the "
+#| "kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole "
+#| "(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing "
+#| "wrong with doing so."
msgid ""
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
"systemd es un componente muy importante, pero no tan importante como el "
"núcleo (Linux), ni tan importante como la base del sistema en conjunto "
@@ -1970,11 +2319,21 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"En 2008 vimos que los paquetes de GNU constituÃan el 15% del repositorio "
"principal («<cite>main</cite>») de la distribución gNewSense GNU/Linux. "
@@ -2045,9 +2404,21 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -2071,11 +2442,27 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The
+# | free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a
+# | href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate version of
+# | Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains nonfree
+# | firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If this were
+# | part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”;
+# | but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+#| "free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
+#| "Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
+#| "standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. "
+#| "If this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
+#| "Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be "
+#| "too confusing."
msgid ""
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2089,11 +2476,24 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Hablamos de una versión de GNU, el sistema operativo, que se distingue por "
"tener como núcleo a Linux. Una barra se adecúa a esta situación, pues "
@@ -2102,11 +2502,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Existen otras maneras de expresar «combinación». Si cree que un signo de "
"suma es más claro, úselo. En francés, el guión lo expresa con claridad:
«GNU-"
@@ -2143,9 +2554,19 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Emacs”.-]
+# | {+“Emacs.”+} That is the right way to describe a program
+# | called Emacs which is a GNU package.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. "
+#| "That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU "
+#| "package."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Según las reglas del inglés, en la construcción «GNU Emacs» la palabra
«GNU» "
@@ -2194,8 +2615,17 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2205,8 +2635,19 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2271,11 +2712,22 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} and call their version
+# | of it “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's proper for
+# | you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar
+# | [-GNU/Linux”.-] {+GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Si ellos, al cambiar «GNU» por «Linux» y llamar a su versión de GNU
«XYZ "
"Linux», difunden ideas erróneas, es pertinente que usted corrija ese error
y "
@@ -2315,12 +2767,24 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"No podemos hacer que lo hagan correctamente, pero no somos de los que se "
"rinden ante las dificultades. Puede que usted no tenga tanta influencia como "
@@ -2343,16 +2807,35 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system
+# | is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree
+# | software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use nonfree
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications and drivers),
+# | or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux "
+#| "system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that "
+#| "nonfree software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
+#| "Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
+#| "mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen "
+#| "to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
+#| "helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
+#| "applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
+#| "cost of freedom."
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"La práctica generalizada de agregar software que no es libre al sistema GNU/"
"Linux es un gran problema para nuestra comunidad. Transmite a los usuarios "
@@ -2388,6 +2871,23 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly
+# | the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em>
+# | versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists
+# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
+# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree
+# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
+#| "the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+#| "versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+#| "specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this "
+#| "understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions that include "
+#| "nonfree software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of "
+#| "thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
msgid ""
"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
@@ -2395,7 +2895,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"El modo de hacer que esos usuarios vean una relación con la libertad es "
"exactamente el opuesto: informarles de que todas esas versiones del sistema "
@@ -2498,11 +2998,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Si tomáramos una versión ya existente de GNU/Linux y la renombráramos como
"
"«GNU», eso serÃa como hacer una versión del sistema GNU y darle el nombre
de "
@@ -2539,11 +3050,29 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2559,9 +3088,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2606,10 +3148,18 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Nunca nos referimos a programas individuales como «GNU/[nombre]». Cuando un
"
"programa es un paquete de GNU, podemos llamarlo «GNU [nombre]»."
@@ -2732,10 +3282,24 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2747,11 +3311,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful
+# | cleverness</a>.)
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not "
+#| "TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO "
+#| "(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of "
+#| "calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> "
+#| "TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking "
+#| "means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2764,13 +3345,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"A otros hackers nos gustó tanto ese nombre que imitamos su forma. Se "
"convirtió en una tradición que cuando uno escribÃa un programa desde cero "
@@ -2782,13 +3378,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Históricamente, AT&T, que desarrolló Unix, no querÃa que nadie le "
"reconociera su trabajo incluyendo «Unix» en el nombre de sistemas
similares, "
@@ -2869,9 +3480,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2895,8 +3519,21 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -3008,8 +3645,19 @@
"código en común. De hecho, lo único que tienen en común es Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -3053,9 +3701,19 @@
"quiere decir."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
+# | “using [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+} It's like having a
+# | conversation, then saying you were conversing with the person's intestines
+# | or the person's circulatory system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"La gente encontrará muy extraño que alguien se refiera a utilizar Android "
@@ -3064,23 +3722,52 @@
"persona en cuestión."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux”
+# | when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking
+# | of the whole system as [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ciertamente, la gente comprenderá la expresión «utilizar Linux», cuando
en "
"realidad se trata de GNU/Linux, debido al malentendido habitual: pensar en "
"que el sistema en conjunto es «Linux»."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as
+# | driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both
+# | contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and
+# | a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two.
+# | If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of
+# | “riding metal [-objects” — not-]
+# | {+objects”—not+} unless you're playing games with the reader.
+# | You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the clear way
+# | to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using GNU/Linux
+# | and Android.”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3180,11 +3867,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"SerÃa incorrecto, de modo que no lo hacemos. Obra de Torvalds es Linux, el "
"núcleo; nos cuidamos de atribuir ese trabajo al Proyecto GNU o de "
@@ -3202,12 +3900,51 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
+# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Asà lo reconoció al principio. La primera nota de publicación decÃa, <a
href="
+"\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
+"RELNOTES-0.01\">«La mayorÃa de las herramientas utilizadas con Linux son "
+"software de GNU y están bajo el copyleft de GNU. Estas herramientas no
están "
+"en la distribución. Para más información, pregúnteme a mà (o a
GNU)»</a> "
+"(texto en inglés)."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Asà lo reconoció al principio. La primera nota de publicación decÃa, <a
href="
"\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
@@ -3264,11 +4001,26 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3291,13 +4043,32 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3324,10 +4095,20 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Si nos ayuda explicándoselo a otros de esa forma, apreciamos su esfuerzo, "
"pero no es el mejor método. No es tan eficaz como llamar al sistema «GNU/"
@@ -3335,12 +4116,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"No es efectivo porque es posible que el mensaje no cale, y seguramente no se "
@@ -3490,9 +4287,16 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Obligarles serÃa un error, y no es lo que pretendemos. Llamamos al sistema "
"«GNU/Linux» y simplemente le pedimos a usted que haga lo mismo."
@@ -3584,9 +4388,19 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3647,8 +4461,17 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3673,9 +4496,20 @@
"\">#knownname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.129
retrieving revision 1.130
diff -u -b -r1.129 -r1.130
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.fr.po 12 Sep 2021 17:22:25 -0000 1.129
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.130
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-12 19:21+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Sogal <sogal AT member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: \n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.5\n"
@@ -33,10 +34,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "par Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Quand les gens voient que nous utilisons et recommandons le nom GNU/Linux "
@@ -261,11 +271,22 @@
"« GNU » ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Il me faudrait payer une taxe si j'utilisais "
"« Linux » dans le nom d'un produit, et ce serait aussi le cas si
j'utilisais "
@@ -354,10 +375,19 @@
"<a href=\"#whyorder\">Pourquoi « GNU/Linux » plutôt que « Linux/GNUÂ
» ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">Les développeurs de ma distribution l'appellent "
"« Toto Linux », mais cela ne dit rien sur ce qui compose le système. "
@@ -614,9 +644,18 @@
"GPL pour obliger les gens à appeler le système « GNU » ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Puisque vous n'avez pas réussi à mettre quelque chose "
@@ -633,8 +672,15 @@
"contredire ce que tant de gens croient ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Puisque tant de gens l'appellent « Linux », cela
ne "
@@ -806,6 +852,24 @@
"bonne longueur d'avance."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -813,7 +877,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"La plupart des gens qui appellent le système « Linux » n'ont jamais
entendu "
"expliquer pourquoi ce n'est pas correct. Ils ont vu d'autres personnes "
@@ -841,22 +905,46 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Pas toujours, seulement quand vous parlez du système en entier. Quand vous "
"faites référence spécifiquement au noyau, vous devez l'appeler « LinuxÂ
», le "
"nom que son développeur a choisi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Appeler le système entier « Linux » revient à donner au système entier
le "
@@ -928,8 +1016,17 @@
"\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -987,10 +1084,34 @@
"perd de vue l'éthique du logiciel libre</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1049,10 +1170,23 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1064,11 +1198,22 @@
"des explications complémentaires à ce sujet."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"Les personnes qui disent ceci sont probablement des geeks pensant aux autres "
"geeks qu'ils connaissent. Les geeks ont pour la plupart entendu parler de "
@@ -1102,11 +1247,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Si les mots que vous utilisez ne reflètent pas votre connaissance, vous "
"n'apprenez rien aux autres. La plupart des gens qui ont entendu parler du "
@@ -1164,14 +1321,31 @@
"\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Les personnes qui pensent que Linux est un système d'exploitation complet, "
"si tant est qu'ils aient entendu parler de GNU, ont souvent une idée fausse "
@@ -1242,12 +1416,32 @@
"programmes."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1264,11 +1458,28 @@
"d'exploitation » de la même manière."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1282,10 +1493,20 @@
"logiciel dont vous parlez."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Si vous préférez utiliser un autre terme comme « distribution de
système » "
@@ -1383,12 +1604,26 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#nokernel\">#nokernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux”
+# | are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers,
+# | editors, window systems, libraries, and much [-more — hundreds-]
+# | {+more—hundreds+} of programs, even to match what BSD systems
+# | included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
+# | system be “Linux”?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” "
+#| "are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, "
+#| "editors, window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of "
+#| "programs, even to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since "
+#| "Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the system be “"
+#| "Linux”?"
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
"Les personnes qui donnent ces arguments pour appeler le système « LinuxÂ
» "
"font deux poids deux mesures. Un système d'exploitation a besoin de "
@@ -1427,9 +1662,18 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"De nombreuses <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">versions installables de "
@@ -1483,9 +1727,17 @@
"système GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Nous n'avons jamais franchi l'ultime étape consistant à empaqueter GNU sous
"
@@ -1503,13 +1755,28 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Cette pratique semble très rare : nous n'avons pas trouvé d'autre exemple "
"que la mauvaise utilisation du nom « Linux ». Normalement un système "
@@ -1566,9 +1833,18 @@
"\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Pendant quelque temps, nous avons essayé le nom « LiGNUx » qui combine
les "
@@ -1576,8 +1852,16 @@
"acceptent beaucoup mieux « GNU/Linux »."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1625,8 +1909,16 @@
"\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1736,10 +2028,21 @@
"système."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Puisque de nombreuses personnes connaissent le système sous le nom "
@@ -1748,10 +2051,23 @@
"ils peuvent faire la relation avec ce dont ils ont entendu parler."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1773,9 +2089,17 @@
"privilège de le faire."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Donc nous n'émettrons aucune objection si vous appelez simplement le
système "
"« GNU » pour éviter de payer la taxe associée au nom « Linux »."
@@ -1836,12 +2160,25 @@
"n'émettrons pas de critique."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Des limites différentes mèneront à des noms différents pour le système.
Mais "
"« Linux » est un nom qui ne peut résulter de considérations d'équité
et de "
@@ -1860,11 +2197,23 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#others\">#others</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
+# | kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
+# | (GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/systemd/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/systemd/Linux,”+} there is nothing wrong with doing so.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the "
+#| "kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole "
+#| "(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing "
+#| "wrong with doing so."
msgid ""
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
"systemd est assez important, mais pas aussi important que le noyau (Linux), "
"ni aussi important que la base du système dans son ensemble (GNU). "
@@ -1915,11 +2264,21 @@
"\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"En 2008, nous avons observé que les paquets GNU représentaient 15 % du "
"répertoire « principal » <i>[main]</i> de la distribution GNU/Linux "
@@ -1984,9 +2343,21 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -2008,11 +2379,27 @@
"Donc le sens « Linux, qui est un paquet GNU » est faux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The
+# | free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a
+# | href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate version of
+# | Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains nonfree
+# | firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If this were
+# | part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”;
+# | but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+#| "free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
+#| "Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
+#| "standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. "
+#| "If this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
+#| "Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be "
+#| "too confusing."
msgid ""
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2026,11 +2413,24 @@
"prêterait trop à confusion."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Nous parlons ici d'une version de GNU, le système d'exploitation,
distinguée "
"par le fait d'avoir Linux comme noyau. Une barre de fraction correspond bien "
@@ -2039,11 +2439,22 @@
"« GNU/Linux »."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Il y a d'autres moyens d'exprimer cette combinaison. Si vous pensez qu'un "
"signe plus est plus clair, utilisez-le. En français, un tiret est clair : "
@@ -2077,9 +2488,19 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whynoslash\">#whynoslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Emacs”.-]
+# | {+“Emacs.”+} That is the right way to describe a program
+# | called Emacs which is a GNU package.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. "
+#| "That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU "
+#| "package."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"En bon anglais, dans la construction « GNU Emacs » le mot « GNU »
modifie "
@@ -2126,8 +2547,17 @@
"élevés."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2136,8 +2566,19 @@
"complètement GNU et donner l'impression que le système entier est Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2201,11 +2642,22 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} and call their version
+# | of it “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's proper for
+# | you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar
+# | [-GNU/Linux”.-] {+GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Quand ils répandent la désinformation en changeant « GNU » en «Â
Linux » et "
"appellent leur version du système « Toto Linux », il convient de
rétablir la "
@@ -2243,12 +2695,24 @@
"non."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Nous ne pouvons pas les faire changer, mais nous ne sommes pas du genre à "
"abandonner simplement parce que le chemin n'est pas facile. Vous ne disposez "
@@ -2269,16 +2733,35 @@
"\">#reserve</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system
+# | is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree
+# | software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use nonfree
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications and drivers),
+# | or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux "
+#| "system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that "
+#| "nonfree software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
+#| "Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
+#| "mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen "
+#| "to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
+#| "helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
+#| "applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
+#| "cost of freedom."
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"La pratique couramment admise d'ajouter des logiciels non libres au système "
"GNU/Linux est un problème majeur pour notre communauté. Cela enseigne aux "
@@ -2311,6 +2794,23 @@
"ces systèmes étaient d'abord GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly
+# | the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em>
+# | versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists
+# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
+# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree
+# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
+#| "the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+#| "versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+#| "specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this "
+#| "understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions that include "
+#| "nonfree software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of "
+#| "thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
msgid ""
"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
@@ -2318,7 +2818,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Le moyen d'amener ces utilisateurs à faire le lien avec la liberté est "
"exactement l'opposé : il faut les informer que toutes ces versions du "
@@ -2416,11 +2916,22 @@
"recul)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Si nous voulions prendre une version existante de GNU/Linux et la "
"réétiqueter « GNU », ce serait un peu comme de prendre une version du "
@@ -2457,11 +2968,29 @@
"nécessaire de les nettoyer pour l'installation."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2476,9 +3005,22 @@
"refusait de travailler avec nous, et c'est toujours pratiquement le seul."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2520,10 +3062,18 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Nous ne faisons jamais référence à des programmes individuels en tant que "
"« GNU/[nom] ». Quand un programme est un paquet GNU, nous l'appelons "
@@ -2641,10 +3191,24 @@
"programme d'Unix, ni même une portion de programme : tout a dû être
réécrit."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2656,11 +3220,28 @@
"les années 70."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful
+# | cleverness</a>.)
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not "
+#| "TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO "
+#| "(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of "
+#| "calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> "
+#| "TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking "
+#| "means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2673,13 +3254,28 @@
"articles/on-hacking.html\">intelligence ludique</a>)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"D'autres hackers ont tellement aimé ce nom qu'ils ont imité cette approche.
"
"Cela devint une tradition, quand vous écriviez à partir de zéro un
programme "
@@ -2689,13 +3285,28 @@
"em> notre substitut à Unix."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Historiquement AT&T, qui développait Unix, ne voulait pas qu'on lui "
"donne crédit en mettant « Unix » dans le nom d'un système similaire,
même "
@@ -2773,9 +3384,22 @@
"raison pour laquelle le nom « GNU/Linux » est approprié."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2797,8 +3421,21 @@
"(<a href=\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2908,8 +3545,19 @@
"est Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2952,9 +3600,19 @@
"vous voulez dire."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
+# | “using [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+} It's like having a
+# | conversation, then saying you were conversing with the person's intestines
+# | or the person's circulatory system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"Le public trouvera très étrange de se référer à l'utilisation d'Android
en "
@@ -2963,23 +3621,52 @@
"de la personne."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux”
+# | when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking
+# | of the whole system as [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"C'est vrai que, dans le cas de GNU/Linux, le public comprendra l'idée "
"derrière « utiliser Linux » du fait de la méprise habituelle qui
consiste à "
"assimiler le système complet à « Linux »."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as
+# | driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both
+# | contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and
+# | a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two.
+# | If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of
+# | “riding metal [-objects” — not-]
+# | {+objects”—not+} unless you're playing games with the reader.
+# | You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the clear way
+# | to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using GNU/Linux
+# | and Android.”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3076,11 +3763,22 @@
"\"#claimlinux\">#claimlinux</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Ce serait une erreur, c'est pourquoi nous ne le faisons pas. Le travail de "
"Torvalds est Linux, le noyau ; nous faisons attention à ne pas attribuer ce
"
@@ -3096,12 +3794,50 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
+# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Il l'a reconnu dès le début. La première note de distribution de Linux
dit : "
+"« <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
+"RELNOTES-0.01\">La plupart des outils utilisés avec Linux sont des logiciels
"
+"GNU et sont sous le copyleft de GNU. Ces outils ne sont pas dans la "
+"distribution ; adressez-vous à moi (ou à GNU) pour toute information "
+"supplémentaire</a>. »"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Il l'a reconnu dès le début. La première note de distribution de Linux
dit : "
"« <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
@@ -3154,11 +3890,26 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3180,13 +3931,32 @@
"(<a href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3211,10 +3981,20 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Si vous nous aidez en donnant ces explications aux autres, nous vous "
"remercions de vos efforts, mais ce n'est pas la meilleure méthode. Ce n'est "
@@ -3222,12 +4002,28 @@
"mauvais usage de votre temps."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"C'est inefficace, parce que le message peut ne pas passer et qu'il ne se "
@@ -3369,9 +4165,16 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#force\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Ce serait mal de les y forcer et nous n'essayons pas de le faire. Nous "
"appelons le système « GNU/Linux » et vous demandons simplement de faire
de "
@@ -3460,9 +4263,19 @@
"l'expression « licence BSD » sans préciser de laquelle il s'agit."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3517,8 +4330,17 @@
"acceptables."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3541,9 +4363,20 @@
"\">#knownname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.hr-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.hr-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.hr-diff.html 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.39
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.hr-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.40
@@ -12,30 +12,35 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.75</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>GNU/Linux FAQ
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU/Linux <span class="removed"><del><strong>FAQ
by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>FAQ</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2>
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-<div class="announcement">
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>, our
page on <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
-</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-
+</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
<p>
When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a
-system that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions.
+system that many others call just <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they ask many
questions.
Here are common questions, and our answers.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="toc">
+<div class="toc">
<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3></em></ins></span>
<ul>
@@ -130,8 +135,8 @@
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#trademarkfee"
id="TOCtrademarkfee">I</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#trademarkfee">I</em></ins></span> would
have to pay a
fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
- that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it
- wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to
+ that would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it
+ wrong if I use “GNU” without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to
save the fee?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#many"
id="TOCmany">Many</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#many">Many</em></ins></span> other projects
contributed to the
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@
rather than “Linux/GNU”?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#distronames"
id="TOCdistronames">My</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't say anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like?</a></li>
@@ -281,14 +286,16 @@
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#deserve"
id="TOCdeserve">Since</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#deserve">Since</em></ins></span> you failed
to put
something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
- “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> you
deserve what happened; why are you
complaining now?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#contradict"
id="TOCcontradict">Wouldn't</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#contradict">Wouldn't</em></ins></span> you
be better off
not contradicting what so many people believe?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#somanyright"
id="TOCsomanyright">Since</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#somanyright">Since</em></ins></span> many
people call it
- “Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#winning"
id="TOCwinning">Many</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#knownname">Isn't it better to call the
system by the name most users already know?</a></li>
@@ -377,7 +384,7 @@
the system's history was such as to fit that name. For
instance, they often believe its development was started by Linus
Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends to reinforce the idea
-that the system should be called “Linux”.</p>
+that the system should be called <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to
justify the name they are accustomed to using.</p>
@@ -388,14 +395,16 @@
<dd>
Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
-“Linux”, the name its developer chose.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> the
name its developer chose.
<p>
-When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence
+When people call the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> as a
consequence
they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel.
This causes many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell
whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole system.
-By calling the whole system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel
-“Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity.</p>
+By calling the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
calling the kernel
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
avoid the ambiguity.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="linuxalone">Would Linux have
@@ -425,7 +434,7 @@
community if you did not divide people with this request? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#divide">#divide</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing people.
We
+When we ask people to say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> we
are not dividing people. We
are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating
system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
<p>
@@ -453,7 +462,8 @@
The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of
attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community.
People who value freedom are more likely to call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and people who learn that the system is
“GNU/Linux” are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are
more likely to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for
freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for the system
makes a real difference for society). However, the disagreement would
@@ -482,7 +492,7 @@
<dd>Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using
public in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most
-articles about the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the
ideals
+articles about the system do not mention the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> or the ideals
that GNU stands for. <a
href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU Users Who Have Never
Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
@@ -490,7 +500,7 @@
The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection
-of <a href="#tools">“tools”</a>, or a project to
develop tools.</p>
+of <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="#tools">“tools”</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“<a
href="#tools">tools</a>,”</em></ins></span> or a project to
develop tools.</p>
<p>
The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another
common misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing
@@ -506,8 +516,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others.
Most people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
-“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
-it was intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> that it
was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
+it was intended to be “open <span
class="removed"><del><strong>source”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>source.”</em></ins></span> If you don't tell
them, who <span class="removed"><del><strong>will?</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>will?</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -536,10 +547,10 @@
People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they
hear about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They
may think that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they
-say “programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became
+say “programming <span
class="removed"><del><strong>tools”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools,”</em></ins></span> since some of our
programming tools became
popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an
operating
system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that
-operating system is labeled “Linux”.
+operating system is labeled <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the project
to develop the GNU system. (See <a
@@ -568,7 +579,7 @@
programs.</p>
<p>
To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” to
-mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. The
+mean <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“kernel.”</em></ins></span> Both uses of
the term go back many years. The
use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found in
a number of
textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time,
in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
all
@@ -579,12 +590,12 @@
Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating system”
they are using “operating system” in the same sense we use: they
mean
the whole collection of programs. If that's what you are referring
-to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean just the kernel, then
+to, please call it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> If
you mean just the kernel, then
“Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
“kernel” also to
avoid ambiguity about which body of software you mean.</p>
<p>
If you prefer to use some other term such as “system distribution”
for
-the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating system”,
+the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system,”</em></ins></span>
that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux system
distributions.</p>
</dd>
@@ -636,8 +647,8 @@
<dd>
The people who argue that way for calling the system
“Linux” are using a double standard. An operating system
-requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much more
-— hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
+requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much
+more—hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
system be “Linux”?
@@ -658,7 +669,7 @@
<dd>
Many <a href="/distros/distros.html"> packaged and installable
versions of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
-“GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are.
+“GNU,” but GNU is what they basically are.
<p>
We expected to release the GNU system packaged for installation, but
@@ -685,7 +696,7 @@
<p>
We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
-“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
+“GNU,” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
GNU is an operating system.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -695,11 +706,11 @@
<dd>
That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
-than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating system
is
+than the misuse of the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Normally an
operating system is
developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a
name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a
name of its own—instead, people say “the kernel of
such-and-such” or
-“the such-and-such kernel”.
+“the such-and-such <span
class="removed"><del><strong>kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>kernel.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression
“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning
“the kernel
@@ -724,11 +735,11 @@
How about recommending a shorter name? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long">#long</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words
“GNU”
-and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. People accept
“GNU/Linux”
+For a while we tried the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“LiGNUx”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“LiGNUx,”</em></ins></span> which
combines the words “GNU”
+and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> The reaction
was very bad. People accept “GNU/Linux”
much better.
<p>
-The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but
+The shortest legitimate name for this system is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but
we call it “GNU/Linux” <a href="#justgnu"> for the reasons
given below</a>.</p>
</dd>
@@ -753,7 +764,7 @@
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long2">#long2</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you
+<p>It only takes a second to say or type <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/.”</em></ins></span> If you
appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second
to recognize our work?</p>
</dd>
@@ -804,9 +815,9 @@
honorably and openly, rather than by trying to cut him out of the
credit for his contribution to the system.</li>
<li>
-Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say
“GNU” they
+Since many people know of the system as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> if we say
“GNU” they
may simply not recognize we're talking about the same system. If we
-say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to what they have heard
+say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> they
can make a connection to what they have heard
about.</li>
<span
class="removed"><del><strong></ul><p></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></ul></em></ins></span>
@@ -814,16 +825,16 @@
<dt id="trademarkfee">I would have
to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
that
- would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use
“GNU”
- without “Linux”, to save the fee? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
+ would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it wrong if I use “GNU”
+ without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to save the
fee? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically,
that's
what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit
as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing
so.
<p>
-So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid
paying
-the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you.</p>
+So if you want to refer to the system simply as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> to avoid paying
+the fee for calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> we won't
criticize you.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="many">Many other projects contributed to
@@ -853,7 +864,7 @@
<p>
Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for
the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness
-and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
“Linux”.
+and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution
(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU).</p>
</dd>
@@ -867,7 +878,7 @@
systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd
-by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing
+by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing
wrong with doing so.</p>
</dd>
@@ -892,7 +903,7 @@
In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the
“main” repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux made up 1.5%. So the same argument would apply even more
-strongly to calling it “Linux”.
+strongly to calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an
@@ -929,7 +940,7 @@
<dd>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” the
-word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean either
“GNU's version of
+word “GNU” modifies <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> This can mean
either “GNU's version of
Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those
meanings
fits the situation at hand.
<p>
@@ -942,23 +953,24 @@
The free GNU/Linux distros do have
a <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">separate</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre">separate</em></ins></span>
version of
Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
-firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project,
+firmware <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“blobs”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“blobs.”</em></ins></span> If this were
part of the GNU Project,
it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want
to call it that, because it would be too confusing.</p>
<p>
We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system,
distinguished by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the
situation because it means “combination.” (Think of
-“Input/Output”.) This system is the combination of GNU
-and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Input/Output”.)</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Input/Output.”)</em></ins></span>
This system is the combination of GNU
+and Linux; hence, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-There are other ways to express “combination”. If you
+There are other ways to express <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“combination”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“combination.”</em></ins></span>
If you
think that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a
-hyphen is clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes
-say “GNU con Linux”.</p>
+hyphen is clear: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU-Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU-Linux.”</em></ins></span> In
Spanish, we sometimes
+say “GNU con <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="pronounce">How is the name
“GNU/Linux”
+<dt id="pronounce">How is the name “GNU/Linux”
pronounced? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#pronounce">#pronounce</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
@@ -974,16 +986,16 @@
<dd>
<p>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
-Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”.
+Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.”
That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a
GNU package.</p>
<p>
“GNU/Emacs” would mean the combination of GNU, the
operating system, and the program Emacs. That doesn't fit this
-program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to it.</p>
+program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to
it.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
+<dt id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
than “Linux/GNU”? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#whyorder">#whyorder</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -995,13 +1007,13 @@
In addition, “GNU/Linux” fits the fact that Linux is the
lowest level of the system and GNU fills technically higher
levels.</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a
lot
+However, if you prefer to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux/GNU”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux/GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
is a lot
better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and
make it seem that the whole system is Linux.</p>
</dd>
<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="distronames0">My distro's
developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't say anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames0">#distronames0</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1032,11 +1044,11 @@
<span class="removed"><del><strong><dd><p>If it's allowed for them
to change</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><dd><p>When they spread
misinformation by changing</em></ins></span> “GNU”
-to <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux”, and call their version
of it</em></ins></span> “Foobar
-Linux”, it's <span
class="removed"><del><strong>allowed</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>proper</em></ins></span> for you to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>change it back and
+to <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,” and call their version
of it</em></ins></span> “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> it's <span
class="removed"><del><strong>allowed</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>proper</em></ins></span> for you to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>change it back and
call the distro “Foobar GNU/Linux”. It can't be more wrong
to</strong></del></span> correct the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>mistake than</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>misinformation by
-calling</em></ins></span> it <span class="removed"><del><strong>was to make
the mistake.</p></dd></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Foobar
GNU/Linux”.</p></dd></em></ins></span>
+calling</em></ins></span> it <span class="removed"><del><strong>was to make
the mistake.</p></dd></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Foobar
GNU/Linux.”</p></dd></em></ins></span>
<dt id="companies">Wouldn't it be more
effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to
@@ -1057,7 +1069,7 @@
just because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence
at your disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together
we can change the situation to the point where companies will make
-more profit calling it “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+more profit calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="reserve">Wouldn't it be better to
@@ -1068,7 +1080,7 @@
The widespread practice of adding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software to the GNU/Linux
system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users
that <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software is ok, and that
using it is part of the spirit
-of “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
their mission to
+of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Many
“Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission to
help users use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> add-ons, and may even
invite salesmen to come
and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping
the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
@@ -1091,7 +1103,8 @@
With this understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions
that include <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software as
perverted, adulterated versions of
GNU, instead of thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of
-Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the
system GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis
@@ -1131,8 +1144,9 @@
GNU Hurd to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)
<p>
If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
-“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU
system
-and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system
+and labeling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> That wasn't
right, and we don't
want to act like that.</p>
</dd>
@@ -1151,7 +1165,7 @@
<p>
The people who had made the changes showed little interest in
cooperating with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care
-about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”.
+about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux <span
class="removed"><del><strong>user”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>user.”</em></ins></span>
That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to
other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their
changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
@@ -1159,7 +1173,7 @@
only) group that was unwilling to work with us.</p>
<p>
It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
-version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was
+version of the GNU system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and that this
confusion was
obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is
our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the
“Linux” misnomer.</p>
@@ -1178,8 +1192,8 @@
convention be applied to all programs that are GPL'ed? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#allgpled">#allgpled</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-We never refer to individual programs as
“GNU/<i>name</i>”. When a program
-is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>”.
+We never refer to individual programs as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/<i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/<i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
When a program
+is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong><i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs.
Some of the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or
@@ -1232,15 +1246,17 @@
<p>
No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from
-Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this,
+Unix. The name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> which stands for
“GNU's Not
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> is a humorous
way of giving credit to Unix for this,
following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the
70s.</p>
<p>
The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
-TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO.”</em></ins></span> The author of
TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of
-calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
TECO”, he
+calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO,”</em></ins></span> he
thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking
means: <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</em></ins></span>
cleverness</a>.)</p>
@@ -1250,7 +1266,7 @@
program that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its
name was “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name,
such
as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
spirit we called our
-replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”.</p>
+replacement for Unix “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to
give it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar
@@ -1258,7 +1274,8 @@
threatened to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is
why each of the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary,
like Unix) had a completely different name that didn't include
-“Unix”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Unix”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="bsd">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
@@ -1289,7 +1306,7 @@
why the name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it.</p>
<p>
There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
-developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
+developers call it “Debian <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/NetBSD”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/NetBSD,”</em></ins></span> but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just
the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the system
is the same as the GNU/Linux system.</p>
@@ -1300,7 +1317,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
-Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of
GNU
+Not in the same sense that we mean by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> The
tools of GNU
are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU
system, and underneath them you would still have another complete
operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all,
@@ -1354,7 +1371,7 @@
different system.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>thing
they
have in common is Linux.</p>
<p></em></ins></span>
-If you call the whole <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux</em></ins></span> system
“Linux”,
+If you call the whole <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux</em></ins></span> system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
you will find it necessary to say things like, “Android contains
Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux
[sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system].”</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system].”</p>
@@ -1373,22 +1390,22 @@
people will not understand the intended meaning.
<p>
The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
-“using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then
+“using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then
saying you were conversing with the person's intestines or the
person's circulatory system.</p>
<p>
The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using
Linux” when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual
misunderstanding: thinking of the whole system as
-“Linux”.</p>
+“Linux.”</p>
<p>
Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as
different as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the
first two both contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the
fact that a car and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is
irrelevant to using those two. If you wish to talk about using cars
-and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “riding metal objects”
-— not unless you're playing games with the reader. You would
+and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “riding metal objects”—not
+unless you're playing games with the reader. You would
say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the clear way to
talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using
GNU/Linux and Android.”</p>
@@ -1435,7 +1452,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project
-or label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole
+or label it as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU.”</em></ins></span> When we talk
about the whole
system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>credit.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>credit.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1446,16 +1463,20 @@
agree that Linux is just the kernel? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#linusagreed">#linusagreed</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a
+href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
+earliest Linux release <span class="removed"><del><strong>notes
said, <a
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the
+href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01">
+“Most</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>notes</a> said:</p>
+<blockquote><p>
+Most</em></ins></span> of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are
under the
GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-for more info”</a>.</p>
+for more <span
class="removed"><del><strong>info”</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>info.
+</p></blockquote>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="finishhurd">Why not finish the
GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU system
+<dt id="finishhurd">Why not finish the GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU
system
as a whole, and forget the question of what to call GNU/Linux?
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#finishhurd">#finishhurd</a>)</span></dt>
@@ -1468,10 +1489,10 @@
wrong with Linux as a kernel is its inclusion of firmware
“blobs”; the best fix for that problem
is <a href="https://www.fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects"> developing
-free replacement for the blobs</a>.</p>
+free replacement for the blobs</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="lost">The battle is already lost—society
+<dt id="lost">The battle is already lost—society
has made its decision and we can't change it, so why even think about
it? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#lost">#lost</a>)</span></dt>
@@ -1480,7 +1501,7 @@
This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
“society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
-name to use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but
+name to use. You can't make others say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> but
you can decide to call the system “GNU/Linux”
yourself—and by doing so, you will help educate <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1493,10 +1514,10 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect
pictures are being spread more or less by various people. If you call
-the system “GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's
true
+the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will help others learn the system's true
history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer
everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If
-only a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you
will
+only a few hundred people see you use the term <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will
have educated a substantial number of people with very little work.
And some of them will spread the correction to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1508,14 +1529,15 @@
<dd>
If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
-calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently.
+calling the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
uses your time inefficiently.
<p>
It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's
origin. But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others
whenever they talk about the system. They will probably just call it
-“Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread
the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
Without particularly intending to, they will help spread the
incorrect picture.</p>
<p>
It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and
@@ -1581,7 +1603,8 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="whynotsue">Why not sue people who call
@@ -1625,7 +1648,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="deserve">Since you failed to put
- something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
“GNU”,
+ something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span>
you deserve what happened; why are you complaining now? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#deserve">#deserve</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1651,7 +1674,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="somanyright">Since many people call
-it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
+it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> doesn't that
make it right? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1664,7 +1687,7 @@
<dd>
<p>
Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
-includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking
+includes “Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking
about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as
‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
understand.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1748,7 +1771,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p
class="unprintable">Updated:</em></ins></span>
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 10:37:07 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.hr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.hr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.45
retrieving revision 1.46
diff -u -b -r1.45 -r1.46
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.hr.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.45
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.46
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-05-30 22:45+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Martina Bebek <martinaporec@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: GNU Croatian Translation Team <www-hr-lista@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -35,10 +35,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Kada ljudi primijete da mi koristimo i preporuÄamo naziv GNU/Linux za sustav
"
@@ -245,11 +254,22 @@
"pogreÅ¡no nazivati sustav samo “GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Ukoliko želim koristiti naziv “Linux” "
"u nazivu proizvoda, moram platiti naknadu. Odnosi li se to i na naziv “"
@@ -357,11 +377,22 @@
"GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a [-href=\"#distronames\">My distro is called-]
+# | {+href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it+} “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”; doesn't-] {+Linux,” but+} that [-show it's really
+# | Linux?</a>-] {+doesn't say anything about what the system consists of.
+# | Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames\">My distro is called “Foobar Linux”; "
+#| "doesn't that show it's really Linux?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames\">Moja distribucija se zove “Foobar "
+"Linux”; ne pokazuje li to da je uistinu Linux?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
msgid ""
@@ -614,9 +645,18 @@
"ljudi bili primorani zvati sustav “GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">S obzirom na to da niste uspjeli dodati nešto u GNU GPL
"
@@ -632,8 +672,15 @@
"veÄina ljudi vjeruje?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Kako veÄina ljudi koristi naziv “"
@@ -811,6 +858,24 @@
"veliku prednost."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -818,7 +883,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Mnogi koji sustav zovu “Linux” nisu nikada Äuli zaÅ¡to to nije "
"ispravan naziv. Vidjeli su da ga veÄina koristi i zakljuÄili da je to
toÄno. "
@@ -844,22 +909,46 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Ne uvijek—samo kada govorite o cjelokupnom sustavu. Kada govorite "
"specifiÄno o jezgri, trebate ju zvati “Linux” Å¡to je naziv koji
"
"je razvijatelj odabrao."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Kada ljudi cijeli sustav nazivaju “Linux”, zapravo cijeli sustav "
@@ -928,8 +1017,17 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -984,10 +1082,34 @@
"softvera</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1042,10 +1164,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1056,11 +1191,22 @@
"\">GNU korisnici koji nisu nikada Äuli za GNU</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"Ljudi koji to tvrde su veÄinom “kompjuterski Å¡treberi” (KÅ , u "
"pozitivnom smislu) koji imaju na umu samo KÅ -e koje sami poznaju. KÅ -i
Äesto "
@@ -1092,11 +1238,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Ukoliko vaÅ¡e rijeÄi ne pokazuju vaÅ¡e znanje, ne možete pouÄavati druge. "
"Mnogi koji su Äuli za sustav GNU/Linux smatraju da je to “"
@@ -1153,14 +1311,31 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ljudi koji smatraju da je Linux cjelovit operativni sustav, a kada Äuju za "
"GNU, dobiju pogrešnu ideju o tome što GNU jest. Možda misle da je GNU
naziv "
@@ -1223,12 +1398,32 @@
"brine o pokretanju i zaustavljanju drugih programa."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1244,11 +1439,28 @@
"sustav na jednak naÄin.”"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1261,10 +1473,20 @@
"izbjegle dvoznaÄnosti."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Ako preferirate koristiti neki drugi termin kao npr. “sistemska "
@@ -1369,9 +1591,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1397,7 +1619,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
@@ -1430,8 +1652,8 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
@@ -1446,13 +1668,28 @@
"\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Takva praksa je rijetka, nema puno primjera osim pogrešne upotrebe naziva "
"“Linux”. ObiÄno, operativni sustav se razvija kao jedinstven "
@@ -1500,9 +1737,18 @@
"\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"OdreÄeno vrijeme smo koristili ime“LiGNUx”, kombinaciju rijeÄi "
@@ -1510,8 +1756,16 @@
"loÅ¡a, naziv “GNU/Linux” je mnogo bolje prihvaÄen."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1551,8 +1805,16 @@
"(<a href=\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1657,10 +1919,21 @@
"doprinosa sustavu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Kako je mnogo ljudi upoznato sa sustavom kao “Linuxom”, ako samo "
@@ -1669,10 +1942,23 @@
"onime Å¡to su Äuli."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1693,9 +1979,17 @@
"nikakve obveze plaÄati tu privilegiju."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Stoga ako želite nazvati sistem jednostavno “GNU” radi "
"izbjegavanja plaÄanja naknade zbog koriÅ¡tenja naziva “Linux”, "
@@ -1753,12 +2047,25 @@
"želite, bez prigovora"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"RazliÄite granice bi dovele do izbora razliÄitih imena sustava. MeÄutim,
ni "
"jedna granica ne bi smjela ukljuÄivati iskljuÄivo naziv Linux, a bez naziva
"
@@ -1791,7 +2098,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1835,11 +2142,21 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allsmall\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"2008. godine, paketi GNU su saÄinjavali 15% “glavnih” "
"repozitorija distribucije GNU/Linuxa imena gNewSense. Linux je saÄinjavao do
"
@@ -1899,9 +2216,21 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1929,9 +2258,10 @@
# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate-]
# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate+} version
# | of Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains
-# | non[---]free firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU
-# | Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not
-# | want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+# | non[---]free firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If
+# | this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU
+# | Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be
+# | too confusing.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
@@ -1945,7 +2275,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -1957,11 +2287,24 @@
"bi se nazvati GNU Linux ali mi ne želimo takav naziv jer bi bio zbunjujuÄi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ovdje je rijeÄ o verziji GNU-a, operativnog sustava, koji je specifiÄan po "
"tome Å¡to ima Linux kao jezgru. Kosa crtica pristaje situaciji jer "
@@ -1969,11 +2312,22 @@
"GNU/Linux”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Postoje i drugi naÄini da se izrazi ta kombinacija. Ako smatrate da je znak "
"+ prikladniji, upotrijebite to. Na francuskom jeziku, koristi se crtica: "
@@ -2026,7 +2380,7 @@
# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
# | [-Linux”-] {+Emacs”+} the word “GNU” modifies
# | [-“Linux”. This can mean either “GNU's version of
-# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs”. That is the right
+# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs.” That is the right
# | way to describe a program called Emacs+} which is a GNU [-package.”
# | Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand.-] {+package.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -2038,7 +2392,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"U skladu sa pravilima engleskog jezika, u konstrukciji “GNU "
@@ -2079,8 +2433,17 @@
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2089,12 +2452,27 @@
"potpunosti i time se kompletni sustav naizgled Äini kao Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My [-distro is called-] {+distro's developers call it+} “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”; doesn't-] {+Linux,” but+} that [-show it's really
+# | Linux?-] {+doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why
+# | shouldn't they call it whatever they like?+} <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | [-href=\"#distronames\">#distronames</a>)</span>-]
+# | {+href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro is called “Foobar Linux”; doesn't that show it's "
+#| "really Linux? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames"
+#| "\">#distronames</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
+"Moja distribucija se zove “Foobar Linux”; ne pokazuje li to da "
+"je uistinu Linux? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames"
+"\">#distronames</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
@@ -2147,12 +2525,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | [-If it's allowed for them to change-]{+When they spread misinformation by
-# | changing+} “GNU” to {+“Linux”, and call their
-# | version of it+} “Foobar Linux”, it's [-allowed-] {+proper+}
-# | for you to [-change it back and call the distro “Foobar
-# | GNU/Linux”. It can't be more wrong to-] correct the [-mistake
-# | than-] {+misinformation by calling+} it [-was to make the mistake.-]
-# | {+“Foobar GNU/Linux”.+}
+# | changing+} “GNU” to {+“Linux,” and call their
+# | version of it+} “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's
+# | [-allowed-] {+proper+} for you to [-change it back and call the distro
+# | “Foobar GNU/Linux”. It can't be more wrong to-] correct the
+# | [-mistake than-] {+misinformation by calling+} it [-was to make the
+# | mistake.-] {+“Foobar GNU/Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "If it's allowed for them to change “GNU” to “Foobar "
@@ -2161,9 +2539,9 @@
#| "mistake than it was to make the mistake."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ako je njima dopuÅ¡teno izmijeniti “GNU” u “Foobar "
"Linux”, onda je i vama dopuÅ¡teno izmijeniti naziv i nazvati "
@@ -2201,12 +2579,24 @@
"” Drugim rijeÄima, nije ih briga Å¡to je ispravno."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ne možemo ih natjerati da postupe ispravno, ali mi nismo tip koji odustaje "
"lako jer je put težak. Vi možda nemate takav utjecaj koji imaju IBM ili Red
"
@@ -2229,12 +2619,12 @@
# | The widespread practice of adding non[---]free software to the GNU/Linux
# | system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that
# | non[---]free software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
-# | “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
-# | their mission to help users use non[---]free add-ons, and may even invite
-# | salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such
-# | as “helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them
-# | use non[---]free applications and drivers), or making the system more
-# | popular even at the cost of freedom.
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use non[---]free
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use non[---]free applications and
+# | drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux "
@@ -2249,13 +2639,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"Raširena praksa dodavanja ne-slobodnog softvera sustavima GNU/Linux "
"predstavlja velik problem za naÅ¡u zajednicu. Takva praksa \"uÄi\" korisnike
"
@@ -2291,7 +2680,8 @@
# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include non[---]free
# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
-# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”.
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
@@ -2308,7 +2698,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"NaÄin da korisnici uoÄe poveznicu sa slobodom jest upravo suprotan: "
"informirati korisnike da svi ti sustavi <em>jesu</em> verzije GNU-a, da se "
@@ -2407,11 +2797,22 @@
"proradi, možda bismo to i uÄinili."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Da uzmemo postojeÄu verziju GNU/Linuxa i preimenujemo ju u “GNU”
"
"to bi bilo neÅ¡to sliÄno kao kada bismo napravili verziju GNU sustava i "
@@ -2445,11 +2846,29 @@
"trebalo ih je \"proÄistiti\" za instalaciju."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2462,9 +2881,22 @@
"primarno baziran na GNU-u, su bili prvi koji nisu bili voljni raditi s nama."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2504,10 +2936,18 @@
"\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Individualne programe nikad ne nazivamo “GNU/<i>ime</i>”. Kad je "
"program dio paketa GNU, možda ga nazovemo “GNU/<i>ime</i>”."
@@ -2619,10 +3059,24 @@
"dijelove, sve je moralo biti pisano iznova."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2633,11 +3087,12 @@
"rekurzivnih akronima iz sedamdesetih."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”.
-# | The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were
-# | already many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a
-# | dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of
-# | a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
# | href=\"http{+s+}://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">playful
# | cleverness</a>.)
#, fuzzy
@@ -2650,10 +3105,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2665,13 +3120,28 @@
"html\">zaigrana pamet</a>.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Drugim hakerima se toliko svidjelo to ime da su poÄeli kopirati pristup u "
"nazivima. Postala je tradicija - kada ste pisali program od nule, a taj "
@@ -2681,13 +3151,28 @@
"KoristeÄi ovaj pristup, nazvali smo naÅ¡ unixoid “GNU's Not
Unix”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Ranije, AT&T (tvrtka koja je razvila Unix) nije željela da se naziv "
"“Unix” spominje u nazivu sliÄnog sustava, Äak niti u sustavu "
@@ -2768,9 +3253,22 @@
"Linux” ispravan."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2791,8 +3289,21 @@
"\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2920,7 +3431,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2951,7 +3462,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
@@ -2959,7 +3470,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -2969,7 +3480,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3068,11 +3579,22 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#claimlinux\">#claimlinux</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"To bi bilo pogrešno, stoga to ni ne radimo. Torvaldsovo djelo je Linux, "
"jezgra, i pazimo da ga ne pripisujemo Projektu GNU i ne oznaÄavamo kao "
@@ -3088,12 +3610,13 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
-# | said, <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-# | for more info”</a>.
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
@@ -3102,11 +3625,34 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Na poÄetku je on ovo i ustvrdio. Najranije obavijesti uz izdanje kažu, <a "
+"href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
+"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “VeÄina alata koriÅ¡tenih s linuxom su GNU-ov softver
"
+"i pod licencom su GNU copyleft. Ovi alati nisu u distribuciji - pitajte mene "
+"(ili GNU) za viÅ¡e informacija.”</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Na poÄetku je on ovo i ustvrdio. Najranije obavijesti uz izdanje kažu, <a "
"href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
@@ -3147,11 +3693,26 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3172,13 +3733,32 @@
"href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3201,22 +3781,48 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Ako nam pomažete na takav naÄin, objaÅ¡njavajuÄi drugima, cijenimo vaÅ¡
trud, "
"no to nije najbolja metoda. Nije efektna poput koriÅ¡tenja naziva “GNU/"
"Linux”, i neefikasno koristi vaÅ¡e vrijeme."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"Nije efektna jer se neÄe \"uhvatiti\" niti Äe propagirati. Neki od ljudi "
@@ -3347,9 +3953,16 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#force\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Bilo bi pogrešno prisiljavati ih, stoga to ni ne pokušavamo. Mi sustav "
"zovemo “GNU/Linux” i tražimo od vas da uÄinite isto."
@@ -3451,9 +4064,19 @@
"BSD” a da ne naznaÄite o kojoj se radi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3506,8 +4129,17 @@
"prihvatljiv."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3529,7 +4161,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.it-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.it-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -b -r1.9 -r1.10
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.it-diff.html 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.9
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.it-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.10
@@ -12,30 +12,35 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.86</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>GNU/Linux FAQ
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU/Linux <span class="removed"><del><strong>FAQ
by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>FAQ</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2>
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-<div class="announcement">
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>, our
page on <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
-</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-
+</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
<p>
When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a
-system that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions.
+system that many others call just <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they ask many
questions.
Here are common questions, and our answers.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="toc">
+<div class="toc">
<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3></em></ins></span>
<ul>
@@ -130,8 +135,8 @@
<li><a href="#trademarkfee">I would have to pay a
fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
- that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it
- wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to
+ that would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it
+ wrong if I use “GNU” without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to
save the fee?</a></li>
<li><a href="#many">Many other projects contributed to the
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@
rather than “Linux/GNU”?</a></li>
<li><a href="#distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like?</a></li>
@@ -281,14 +286,16 @@
<li><a href="#deserve">Since you failed to put
something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
- “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> you
deserve what happened; why are you
complaining now?</a></li>
<li><a href="#contradict">Wouldn't you be better off
not contradicting what so many people believe?</a></li>
<li><a href="#somanyright">Since many people call it
- “Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
<li><a href="#knownname">Isn't it better to call the
system by the name most users already know?</a></li>
@@ -380,7 +387,7 @@
the system's history was such as to fit that name. For
instance, they often believe its development was started by Linus
Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends to reinforce the idea
-that the system should be called “Linux”.</p>
+that the system should be called <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to
justify the name they are accustomed to using.</p>
@@ -391,14 +398,16 @@
<dd>
Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
-“Linux”, the name its developer chose.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> the
name its developer chose.
<p>
-When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence
+When people call the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> as a
consequence
they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel.
This causes many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell
whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole system.
-By calling the whole system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel
-“Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity.</p>
+By calling the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
calling the kernel
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
avoid the ambiguity.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="linuxalone">Would Linux have
@@ -428,7 +437,7 @@
community if you did not divide people with this request? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#divide">#divide</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing people.
We
+When we ask people to say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> we
are not dividing people. We
are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating
system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
<p>
@@ -456,7 +465,8 @@
The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of
attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community.
People who value freedom are more likely to call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and people who learn that the system is
“GNU/Linux” are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are
more likely to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for
freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for the system
makes a real difference for society). However, the disagreement would
@@ -484,7 +494,7 @@
<dd>Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using
public in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most
-articles about the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the
ideals
+articles about the system do not mention the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> or the ideals
that GNU stands for. <a
href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU Users Who Have Never
Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
@@ -492,7 +502,7 @@
The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection
-of <a href="#tools">“tools”</a>, or a project to
develop tools.</p>
+of <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="#tools">“tools”</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“<a
href="#tools">tools</a>,”</em></ins></span> or a project to
develop tools.</p>
<p>
The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another
common misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing
@@ -508,8 +518,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others.
Most people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
-“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
-it was intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> that it
was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
+it was intended to be “open <span
class="removed"><del><strong>source”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>source.”</em></ins></span> If you don't tell
them, who <span class="removed"><del><strong>will?</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>will?</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -538,10 +549,10 @@
People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they
hear about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They
may think that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they
-say “programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became
+say “programming <span
class="removed"><del><strong>tools”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools,”</em></ins></span> since some of our
programming tools became
popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an
operating
system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that
-operating system is labeled “Linux”.
+operating system is labeled <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the project
to develop the GNU system. (See <a
@@ -570,7 +581,7 @@
programs.</p>
<p>
To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” to
-mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. The
+mean <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“kernel.”</em></ins></span> Both uses of
the term go back many years. The
use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found in
a number of
textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time,
in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
all
@@ -581,12 +592,12 @@
Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating system”
they are using “operating system” in the same sense we use: they
mean
the whole collection of programs. If that's what you are referring
-to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean just the kernel, then
+to, please call it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> If
you mean just the kernel, then
“Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
“kernel” also to
avoid ambiguity about which body of software you mean.</p>
<p>
If you prefer to use some other term such as “system distribution”
for
-the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating system”,
+the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system,”</em></ins></span>
that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux system
distributions.</p>
</dd>
@@ -638,8 +649,8 @@
<dd>
The people who argue that way for calling the system
“Linux” are using a double standard. An operating system
-requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much more
-— hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
+requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much
+more—hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
system be “Linux”?
@@ -660,7 +671,8 @@
<dd>
Many <a href="/distros/distros.html"> packaged and installable
versions of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
-“GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but GNU
is what they basically are.
<p>
We expected to release the GNU system packaged for installation, but
@@ -687,7 +699,8 @@
<p>
We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
-“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but that
doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
GNU is an operating system.</p>
</dd>
@@ -697,11 +710,11 @@
<dd>
That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
-than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating system
is
+than the misuse of the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Normally an
operating system is
developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a
name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a
name of its own—instead, people say “the kernel of
such-and-such” or
-“the such-and-such kernel”.
+“the such-and-such <span
class="removed"><del><strong>kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>kernel.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression
“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning
“the kernel
@@ -726,11 +739,11 @@
How about recommending a shorter name? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long">#long</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words
“GNU”
-and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. People accept
“GNU/Linux”
+For a while we tried the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“LiGNUx”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“LiGNUx,”</em></ins></span> which
combines the words “GNU”
+and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> The reaction
was very bad. People accept “GNU/Linux”
much better.
<p>
-The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but
+The shortest legitimate name for this system is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but
we call it “GNU/Linux” <a href="#justgnu"> for the reasons
given below</a>.</p>
</dd>
@@ -755,7 +768,7 @@
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long2">#long2</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you
+<p>It only takes a second to say or type <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/.”</em></ins></span> If you
appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second
to recognize our work?</p>
</dd>
@@ -806,9 +819,9 @@
honorably and openly, rather than by trying to cut him out of the
credit for his contribution to the system.</li>
<li>
-Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say
“GNU” they
+Since many people know of the system as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> if we say
“GNU” they
may simply not recognize we're talking about the same system. If we
-say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to what they have heard
+say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> they
can make a connection to what they have heard
about.</li>
<span
class="removed"><del><strong></ul><p></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></ul></em></ins></span>
@@ -816,16 +829,16 @@
<dt id="trademarkfee">I would have
to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
that
- would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use
“GNU”
- without “Linux”, to save the fee? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
+ would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it wrong if I use “GNU”
+ without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to save the
fee? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically,
that's
what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit
as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing
so.
<p>
-So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid
paying
-the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you.</p>
+So if you want to refer to the system simply as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> to avoid paying
+the fee for calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> we won't
criticize you.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="many">Many other projects contributed to
@@ -855,7 +868,7 @@
<p>
Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for
the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness
-and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
“Linux”.
+and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution
(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU).</p>
</dd>
@@ -869,7 +882,7 @@
systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd
-by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing
+by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing
wrong with doing so.</p>
</dd>
@@ -894,7 +907,7 @@
In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the
“main” repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux made up 1.5%. So the same argument would apply even more
-strongly to calling it “Linux”.
+strongly to calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an
@@ -931,7 +944,7 @@
<dd>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” the
-word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean either
“GNU's version of
+word “GNU” modifies <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> This can mean
either “GNU's version of
Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those
meanings
fits the situation at hand.
<p>
@@ -944,23 +957,24 @@
The free GNU/Linux distros do have
a <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">separate</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre">separate</em></ins></span>
version of
Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
-firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project,
+firmware <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“blobs”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“blobs.”</em></ins></span> If this were
part of the GNU Project,
it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want
to call it that, because it would be too confusing.</p>
<p>
We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system,
distinguished by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the
situation because it means “combination.” (Think of
-“Input/Output”.) This system is the combination of GNU
-and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Input/Output”.)</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Input/Output.”)</em></ins></span>
This system is the combination of GNU
+and Linux; hence, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-There are other ways to express “combination”. If you
+There are other ways to express <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“combination”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“combination.”</em></ins></span>
If you
think that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a
-hyphen is clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes
-say “GNU con Linux”.</p>
+hyphen is clear: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU-Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU-Linux.”</em></ins></span> In
Spanish, we sometimes
+say “GNU con <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="pronounce">How is the name
“GNU/Linux”
+<dt id="pronounce">How is the name “GNU/Linux”
pronounced? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#pronounce">#pronounce</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
@@ -976,16 +990,16 @@
<dd>
<p>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
-Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”.
+Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.”
That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a
GNU package.</p>
<p>
“GNU/Emacs” would mean the combination of GNU, the
operating system, and the program Emacs. That doesn't fit this
-program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to it.</p>
+program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to
it.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
+<dt id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
than “Linux/GNU”? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#whyorder">#whyorder</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -997,13 +1011,13 @@
In addition, “GNU/Linux” fits the fact that Linux is the
lowest level of the system and GNU fills technically higher levels.</p>
<p>
-However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a
lot
+However, if you prefer to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux/GNU”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux/GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
is a lot
better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and
make it seem that the whole system is Linux.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames0">#distronames0</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1032,9 +1046,10 @@
anything but “Foobar Linux”? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames1">#distronames1</a>)</span></dt>
<dd><p>When they spread misinformation by changing
“GNU”
-to “Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar
-Linux”, it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by
-calling it “Foobar GNU/Linux”.</p></dd>
+to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and call their
version of it “Foobar
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> it's proper
for you to correct the misinformation by
+calling it “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/Linux”.</p></dd></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux.”</p></dd></em></ins></span>
<dt id="companies">Wouldn't it be more
effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to
@@ -1055,7 +1070,7 @@
just because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence
at your disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together
we can change the situation to the point where companies will make
-more profit calling it “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+more profit calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="reserve">Wouldn't it be better to
@@ -1066,7 +1081,7 @@
The widespread practice of adding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software to the GNU/Linux
system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users
that <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software is ok, and that
using it is part of the spirit
-of “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
their mission to
+of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Many
“Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission to
help users use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> add-ons, and may even
invite salesmen to come
and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping
the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
@@ -1089,7 +1104,8 @@
With this understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions
that include <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software as
perverted, adulterated versions of
GNU, instead of thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of
-Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the
system GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis
@@ -1129,8 +1145,9 @@
GNU Hurd to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)
<p>
If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
-“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU
system
-and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system
+and labeling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> That wasn't
right, and we don't
want to act like that.</p>
</dd>
@@ -1149,7 +1166,7 @@
<p>
The people who had made the changes showed little interest in
cooperating with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care
-about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”.
+about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux <span
class="removed"><del><strong>user”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>user.”</em></ins></span>
That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to
other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their
changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
@@ -1157,7 +1174,7 @@
only) group that was unwilling to work with us.</p>
<p>
It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
-version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was
+version of the GNU system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and that this
confusion was
obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is
our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the
“Linux” misnomer.</p>
@@ -1176,8 +1193,8 @@
convention be applied to all programs that are GPL'ed? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#allgpled">#allgpled</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-We never refer to individual programs as
“GNU/<i>name</i>”. When a program
-is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>”.
+We never refer to individual programs as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/<i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/<i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
When a program
+is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong><i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs.
Some of the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or
@@ -1230,15 +1247,17 @@
<p>
No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from
-Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this,
+Unix. The name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> which stands for
“GNU's Not
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> is a humorous
way of giving credit to Unix for this,
following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the
70s.</p>
<p>
The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
-TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO.”</em></ins></span> The author of
TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of
-calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
TECO”, he
+calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO,”</em></ins></span> he
thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking
means: <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</em></ins></span>
cleverness</a>.)</p>
@@ -1248,7 +1267,7 @@
program that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its
name was “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name,
such
as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
spirit we called our
-replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”.</p>
+replacement for Unix “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to
give it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar
@@ -1256,7 +1275,8 @@
threatened to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is
why each of the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary,
like Unix) had a completely different name that didn't include
-“Unix”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Unix”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="bsd">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
@@ -1287,7 +1307,7 @@
why the name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it.</p>
<p>
There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
-developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
+developers call it “Debian <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/NetBSD”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/NetBSD,”</em></ins></span> but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just
the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the system
is the same as the GNU/Linux system.</p>
@@ -1298,7 +1318,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
-Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of
GNU
+Not in the same sense that we mean by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> The
tools of GNU
are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU
system, and underneath them you would still have another complete
operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all,
@@ -1349,7 +1369,7 @@
the two have very little code in common. In fact, the only thing they
have in common is Linux.</p>
<p>
-If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”,
+If you call the whole GNU/Linux system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
you will find it necessary to say things like, “Android contains
Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux
[sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU system].”</p>
@@ -1368,22 +1388,24 @@
people will not understand the intended meaning.
<p>
The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
-“using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then
+“using <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</em></ins></span> It's like having a
conversation, then
saying you were conversing with the person's intestines or the
person's circulatory system.</p>
<p>
The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using
Linux” when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual
misunderstanding: thinking of the whole system as
-“Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as
different as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the
first two both contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the
fact that a car and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is
irrelevant to using those two. If you wish to talk about using cars
-and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “riding metal objects”
-— not unless you're playing games with the reader. You would
+and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “riding metal <span
class="removed"><del><strong>objects”
+— not</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>objects”—not</em></ins></span>
+unless you're playing games with the reader. You would
say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the clear way to
talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using
GNU/Linux and Android.”</p>
@@ -1430,7 +1452,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project
-or label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole
+or label it as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU.”</em></ins></span> When we talk
about the whole
system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>credit.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>credit.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1441,13 +1463,17 @@
agree that Linux is just the kernel? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#linusagreed">#linusagreed</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a
+href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
+earliest Linux release <span class="removed"><del><strong>notes
said, <a
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the
+href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01">
+“Most</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>notes</a> said:</p>
+<blockquote><p>
+Most</em></ins></span> of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are
under the
GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-for more info”</a>.</p>
+for more <span
class="removed"><del><strong>info”</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>info.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="finishhurd">Why not finish the GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU
system
@@ -1475,7 +1501,7 @@
This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
“society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
-name to use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but
+name to use. You can't make others say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> but
you can decide to call the system “GNU/Linux”
yourself—and by doing so, you will help educate <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1488,10 +1514,10 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect
pictures are being spread more or less by various people. If you call
-the system “GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's
true
+the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will help others learn the system's true
history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer
everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If
-only a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you
will
+only a few hundred people see you use the term <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will
have educated a substantial number of people with very little work.
And some of them will spread the correction to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1503,14 +1529,15 @@
<dd>
If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
-calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently.
+calling the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
uses your time inefficiently.
<p>
It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's
origin. But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others
whenever they talk about the system. They will probably just call it
-“Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread
the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
Without particularly intending to, they will help spread the
incorrect picture.</p>
<p>
It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and
@@ -1576,7 +1603,8 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="whynotsue">Why not sue people who call
@@ -1620,7 +1648,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="deserve">Since you failed to put
- something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
“GNU”,
+ something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span>
you deserve what happened; why are you complaining now? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#deserve">#deserve</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1646,7 +1674,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="somanyright">Since many people call
-it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
+it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> doesn't that
make it right? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1659,7 +1687,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
-includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking
+includes <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they will
recognize what you're talking
about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as
‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all <span
class="removed"><del><strong>understand.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>understand.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1740,7 +1768,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 10:37:07 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.it.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.it.po,v
retrieving revision 1.56
retrieving revision 1.57
diff -u -b -r1.56 -r1.57
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.it.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.56
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.it.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.57
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-05-31 21:30+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andrea Pescetti <pescetti@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Italian <www-it-traduzioni@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -34,10 +34,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "di Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Quando la gente scopre che noi usiamo e raccomandiamo il nome GNU/Linux per "
@@ -250,11 +259,22 @@
"sbagliato chiamare il sistema semplicemente “GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Sarei costretto a pagare i diritti se usassi il "
"nome “Linux” nel nome del mio prodotto e sarebbe lo stesso se "
@@ -363,10 +383,19 @@
"Linux/GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames\">La mia distribuzione si chiama “... "
"Linux”; ma questo non dà informazioni sul contenuto del sistema. "
@@ -620,9 +649,18 @@
"per richiedere alla gente di chiamare il sistema “GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Non avete voluto mettere nulla nella GNU GPL per "
@@ -638,8 +676,15 @@
"quello che tanta gente crede?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Tanta gente lo chiama “Linux”, non è "
@@ -823,6 +868,24 @@
"di correggerla ma era già troppo tardi, la confusione aveva già preso
piede."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -830,7 +893,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"La maggior parte di coloro che chiamano il sistema “Linux” non "
"sono al corrente del perché il loro è un errore. Hanno sentito loro "
@@ -860,22 +923,46 @@
"\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Non sempre - solo quando parlate dell'intero sistema. Quando fate "
"riferimento specificamente al kernel, dovreste chiamarlo “"
"Linux”, il nome ad esso assegnato dal suo sviluppatore."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Quando la gente chiama l'intero sistema “Linux”, come "
@@ -945,8 +1032,17 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -1004,10 +1100,34 @@
"Sourceâ manca l'obiettivo del Software Libero</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1065,10 +1185,23 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1080,11 +1213,22 @@
"argomento in profondità ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"Le persone che dicono questo sono spesso nerd che provano ad imitare i nerd "
"di loro conoscenza. I nerd di solito conoscono GNU, ma molti hanno un'idea "
@@ -1117,11 +1261,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Se le vostre parole non riflettono la vostra conoscenza, non insegnatele "
"agli altri. La maggior parte di coloro che hanno sentito parlare del sistema "
@@ -1180,14 +1336,31 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Coloro che pensano che Linux sia un intero sistema operativo, ammesso che "
"abbiano sentito parlare di GNU, spesso si fanno un'idea sbagliata di GNU. "
@@ -1254,12 +1427,32 @@
"degli altri programmi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1276,11 +1469,28 @@
"operativo” intendiamo la stessa cosa."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1294,10 +1504,20 @@
"software discusso."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Se preferite usare un altro termine come “distribuzione di "
@@ -1408,9 +1628,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1437,9 +1657,18 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"Sono disponibili molte <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">versioni "
@@ -1492,9 +1721,17 @@
"gran parte del sistema GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Non abbiamo mai fatto il grande passo di rilasciare GNU sotto il nome di "
@@ -1512,13 +1749,28 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Questa pratica sembra molto rara - non siamo riusciti a trovare altri esempi "
"al di fuori dell'erroneo utilizzo del nome “Linux”. Normalmente "
@@ -1575,9 +1827,18 @@
"\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Per un po' abbiamo provato ad usare il nome “LiGNUx”, neologismo "
@@ -1586,8 +1847,16 @@
"trova “GNU/Linux” più tollerabile."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1636,8 +1905,16 @@
"href=\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1749,10 +2026,21 @@
"meritato per i suoi contributi al sistema."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Visto che la maggior parte della gente conosce il sistema come “"
@@ -1761,10 +2049,23 @@
"Linux”, essa può fare un collegamento a quello che già conosce."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1785,9 +2086,17 @@
"credito ma non siete costretti a pagare per questo privilegio."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Se voleste fare riferimento al sistema semplicemente come “GNU” "
"per evitare di pagare l'imposta presente sul marchio “Linux”, "
@@ -1848,12 +2157,25 @@
"noi ad opporci."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Limiti diversi porterebbero a nomi diversi per il sistema. Un nome che non è
"
"però mai giusto sotto alcun limite e prospettiva è “Linux”. Non
"
@@ -1888,7 +2210,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1934,11 +2256,21 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allsmall\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Nel 2008, abbiamo verificato che i pacchetti GNU costituivano il 15% "
"dell'archivio “main” della distrubuzione gNewSense GNU/Linux. "
@@ -2004,9 +2336,21 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -2033,9 +2377,10 @@
# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate-]
# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate+} version
# | of Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains
-# | non[---]free firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU
-# | Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not
-# | want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+# | non[---]free firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If
+# | this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU
+# | Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be
+# | too confusing.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
@@ -2049,7 +2394,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2063,11 +2408,24 @@
"ulteriori confusioni."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Stiamo parlando di una versione di GNU, il sistema operativo, che si "
"distingue per l'aver adottato Linux come kernel. Una barra si addice alla "
@@ -2076,11 +2434,22 @@
"quindi, “GNU/Linux”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Ci sono altri modi per esprimere una “combinazione”. Se credete "
"che un simbolo di somma sia più chiaro, prego usare quello. In francese, un "
@@ -2134,7 +2503,7 @@
# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
# | [-Linux”-] {+Emacs”+} the word “GNU” modifies
# | [-“Linux”. This can mean either “GNU's version of
-# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs”. That is the right
+# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs.” That is the right
# | way to describe a program called Emacs+} which is a GNU [-package.”
# | Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand.-] {+package.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -2146,7 +2515,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Secondo le regole dell'inglese, nel costrutto “GNU Linux” la "
@@ -2190,8 +2559,17 @@
"dal punto di vista dell'architettura del sistema."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2200,8 +2578,19 @@
"del tutto e dare a Linux credito per l'intero sistema."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2267,11 +2656,22 @@
"\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} and call their version
+# | of it “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's proper for
+# | you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar
+# | [-GNU/Linux”.-] {+GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Quando fanno cattiva informazione modificando il nome “GNU” in "
"“Linux”, e chiamano la loro versione “Qualcosa "
@@ -2311,12 +2711,24 @@
"quale forma fosse corretta."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Non possiamo forzarli a fare ciò che è giusto, ma non siamo tra quei tipi "
"che si arrendono solo perché la strada non è in discesa. Non avrete molta "
@@ -2340,12 +2752,12 @@
# | The widespread practice of adding non[---]free software to the GNU/Linux
# | system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that
# | non[---]free software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
-# | “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
-# | their mission to help users use non[---]free add-ons, and may even invite
-# | salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such
-# | as “helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them
-# | use non[---]free applications and drivers), or making the system more
-# | popular even at the cost of freedom.
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use non[---]free
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use non[---]free applications and
+# | drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux "
@@ -2360,13 +2772,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"La pratica diffusa di aggiungere software non libero al sistema GNU/Linux è "
"un problema enorme per la nostra comunità . Insegna ai nostri utenti che il "
@@ -2403,7 +2814,8 @@
# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include non[---]free
# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
-# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”.
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
@@ -2420,7 +2832,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Il modo per mostrare a questi utenti il legame con la libertà è quello "
"contrario: informarli che quelle versioni del sistema <em>sono</em> versioni "
@@ -2522,11 +2934,22 @@
"parlare con il senno di poi)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Se prendessimo una versione esistente di GNU/Linux e la etichettassimo come "
"“GNU”, sarebbe un po' come creare una versione del sistema GNU e "
@@ -2563,11 +2986,29 @@
"dell'installazione."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2582,9 +3023,22 @@
"con noi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2625,10 +3079,18 @@
"\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Non facciamo mai riferimento ai programmi individuali come “GNU/"
"<i>nome</i>”. Quando un programma è parte di GNU, potremmo chiamarlo "
@@ -2741,10 +3203,24 @@
"capo."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2756,11 +3232,12 @@
"tradizione degli acronimi ricorsivi iniziata negli anni 70."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”.
-# | The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were
-# | already many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a
-# | dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of
-# | a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
# | href=\"http{+s+}://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">playful
# | cleverness</a>.)
#, fuzzy
@@ -2773,10 +3250,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2789,13 +3266,28 @@
"scherzosa</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Agli altri hacker questo approccio piacque a tal punto da imitarlo e divenne "
"quindi una tradizione dare ai cloni di programmi pre-esistenti (per esempio "
@@ -2804,13 +3296,28 @@
"il nostro sostituto per Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Storicamente, AT&T, gli autori di Unix, non volevano essere citati in "
"alcuna maniera nei nomi di progetti simili, nemmeno quando questi copiavano "
@@ -2893,9 +3400,22 @@
"“GNU/Linux” è per esso appropriato."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2917,8 +3437,21 @@
"\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -3028,8 +3561,19 @@
"Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -3072,9 +3616,19 @@
"si vuole parlare."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
+# | “using [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+} It's like having a
+# | conversation, then saying you were conversing with the person's intestines
+# | or the person's circulatory system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"Il pubblico troverà molto strano che si parli dell'uso di Android dicendo "
@@ -3082,23 +3636,52 @@
"l'intestino o con il sistema venoso dell'interlocutore."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux”
+# | when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking
+# | of the whole system as [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Il pubblico invece <em>capirà </em> l'idea di \"usare Linux\" quando di parla
"
"dell'uso di GNU/Linux, a causa del comune abuso di linguaggio in cui si "
"chiama \"Linux\" l'intero sistema."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as
+# | driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both
+# | contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and
+# | a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two.
+# | If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of
+# | “riding metal [-objects” — not-]
+# | {+objects”—not+} unless you're playing games with the reader.
+# | You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the clear way
+# | to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using GNU/Linux
+# | and Android.”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3209,11 +3792,22 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Sarebbe sbagliato ed infatti non lo facciamo. Il lavoro di Torvalds è Linux,
"
"il kernel; facciamo attenzione a non attribuire quel lavoro al Progetto GNU "
@@ -3230,12 +3824,39 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
-# | said, <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-# | for more info”</a>.
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Lo ha riconosciuto fin dall'inizio. Citando le prime note di rilascio di "
+"Linux, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+"versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “La maggior parte delle utilità usate con "
+"Linux sono software GNU rilasciato sotto il copyleft di GNU. Queste utilità "
+"non fanno parte della distribuzione - contattate me (o GNU) per ulteriori "
+"informazioni”</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
@@ -3244,11 +3865,9 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Lo ha riconosciuto fin dall'inizio. Citando le prime note di rilascio di "
"Linux, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
@@ -3314,11 +3933,26 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3340,13 +3974,32 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3370,22 +4023,48 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Se ci aiutaste a presentare il sistema in quel modo, apprezzeremmo i vostri "
"sforzi ma temo non sia il metodo migliore. Non è efficace come chiamare il "
"sistema “GNU/Linux” e costituisce uno spreco di tempo."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"Non è efficace perché potrebbe non essere compreso, e di sicuro non verrà "
@@ -3523,9 +4202,16 @@
"\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Sarebbe sbagliato forzare chiunque ed infatti non lo facciamo. Noi chiamiamo "
"il sistema “GNU/Linux” e non facciamo altro che chiedervi di "
@@ -3633,9 +4319,19 @@
"specificare quale."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3690,8 +4386,17 @@
"il software proprietario fosse legittimo ed accettabile."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3714,9 +4419,20 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#knownname\">#knownname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.100
retrieving revision 1.101
diff -u -b -r1.100 -r1.101
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.ja.po 1 Oct 2021 06:08:27 -0000 1.100
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.101
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-10-01 14:36+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese <web-translators-ja@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "GNU/Linux FAQ - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -29,10 +30,15 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "ãªãã£ã¼ãã»ã¹ãã¼ã«ãã³è"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"ã»ãã®å¤ãã®ã¿ããªã“Linux”ã¨åã«å¼ã¶ã·ã¹ãã
ã«ããããã¡ãGNU/"
@@ -253,11 +259,17 @@
"ã¶ãã¨ã¯ééãã§ã¯ãªãã§ããã?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a
href=\"#trademarkfee\">“Linux”ã製åã®ååã«ä½¿ãã®ã«ä½¿ç¨æãæ"
"ããªããã°ãªããªãããããã¾ããã“GNU/Linux”ã¨è¨ãã¨ãã«ãããã¯"
@@ -345,10 +357,15 @@
"GNU”ã§ã¯ãªãã¦?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">ãããã®ãã£ã¹ããã®éçºè
ã¯ããã“Foobar "
"Linux”ã¨å¼ã³ã¾ãããããã¯ã·ã¹ãã
ãä½ã§æ§æããã¦ãããã«ã¤ãã¦ä½ãè¿°"
@@ -601,9 +618,14 @@
"GNU”ã¨å¼ã¶ããã«è¦æ±ããã¹ãã§ã¯ãªãã§ãã?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">GNU GPLã«äººã
ã«ã·ã¹ãã
ã“GNU”ã¨å¼ã¶ããã«ã¨"
@@ -619,8 +641,12 @@
"ãããªãã§ãããã?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a
href=\"#somanyright\">å¤ãã®äººãããã“Linux”ã¨è¨ã£ã¦ãã¾ãã"
@@ -789,6 +815,16 @@
"æå©ãªã¹ã¿ã¼ãããã¦ããã®ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -796,7 +832,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ã·ã¹ãã ã“Linux”ã¨å¼ã¶ã»ã¨ãã©ã®äººã
ã¯ããããæ£ãããªãçç±ã«ã¤"
"ãã¦ãªã«ãèãããã¨ãããã¾ãããã»ãã®äººã
ããã®ååã使ãã®ãè¦ã¦ãæ£ãã"
@@ -824,22 +860,35 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"ãã¤ãã§ã¯ããã¾ãããå
¨ä½ã®ã·ã¹ãã
ã«ã¤ãã¦èªãã¨ãã ãã§ããã«ã¼ãã«ã«ã¤ã"
"ã¦ç¹ã«æãã¨ãã«ã¯ããã®éçºè
ãé¸ãã
åå㧓Linux”ã¨å¼ã¶ã¹ãã§"
"ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"人ã
ãå
¨ä½ã®ã·ã¹ãã
ã“Linux”ã¨å¼ã¶ã¨ããçµæã¨ãã¦ãã«ã¼ãã«ã¨å"
@@ -909,8 +958,13 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -965,10 +1019,23 @@
"ãã¦ã§ã¢ã®çãå¤ãã®ã</a>ãã覧ãã ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1023,10 +1090,17 @@
"id\">(<a href=\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1037,11 +1111,17 @@
"ããªãGNUã¦ã¼ã¶</a>ã§è©³ãã説æããã¦ãã¾ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"ãããè¨ãã®ã¯ãããããç¥ãããã®ã®ã¼ã¯ã®ãã¨ã念é
ã«ç½®ãã®ã¼ã¯ã§ãããã"
"ã®ã¼ã¯ã¯GNUã«ã¤ãã¦ãã°ãã°ç¥ã£ã¦ã¾ãããå¤ãã¯GNUããªã«ã§ãããã«ã¤ãã¦å®å
¨"
@@ -1074,11 +1154,18 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"ãããããªãã®è¨èãããªãã®ç¥èãåæ
ããªãã®ã§ããã°ãããªãã¯ã»ãã®äººã«æ"
"ãããã¨ãã§ããªãã§ããããGNU/Linuxã·ã¹ãã
ã«ã¤ãã¦èãããã¨ãããã»ã¨ãã©"
@@ -1137,14 +1224,23 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Linuxãå
¨ä½ã®ãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã ã¨èãã人ã
ã¯ãGNUã«ã¤ãã¦èãããã¨"
"ãããå
´åãGNUããªãã§ãããã«ã¤ãã¦ã¾ã£ããééã£ãèãããã°ãã°æã£ã¦ãã¾"
@@ -1209,12 +1305,23 @@
"ã©ã
ã®å®è¡ãéå§ããããæ¢ããããããã¨ãåãæ±ãã¾ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1229,11 +1336,20 @@
"ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã
ãã¨ããç¨èªã(Unixã¨)åãããã«ä½¿ã£ã¦ãã¾ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1246,10 +1362,16 @@
"ããæå³ãã¦ãããææ§ããåé¿ããããã«ãã¦ãã
ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"ããã°ã©ã ã®ã³ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³å
¨ä½ã示ãã®ã«ãããªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã ãã®ä»£ã"
@@ -1344,12 +1466,20 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” "
+#| "are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, "
+#| "editors, window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of "
+#| "programs, even to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since "
+#| "Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the system be “"
+#| "Linux”?"
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
"ãã®ããã«ã·ã¹ãã
ã“Linux”ãå¼ã¶ãã¨ã«ã¤ãã¦è«ãã人ã
ã¯ããã«ã¹"
"ã¿ã³ãã¼ããç¨ãã¦ãã¾ãããªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã
ã¯ã³ã³ãã¤ã©ãã¨ãã£ã¿ã"
@@ -1388,9 +1518,14 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"ããããã®<a
href=\"/distros/distros.html\">ããã±ã¼ã¸ããã¦ã¤ã³ã¹ãã¼ã«å¯è½"
@@ -1442,9 +1577,14 @@
"ãã¦ãããã«ã¯GNUã·ã¹ãã
ã®ä¸»è¦ãªé¨åãåããã±ã¼ã¸ãããã¨ãå«ã¾ãã¾ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"ããããã¡ã¯“GNU”ã®åã®å
ã«“GNU”ãããã±ã¼ã¸ããæçµ"
@@ -1462,13 +1602,21 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"ãã®æ
£ç¿ã¯ã¨ã¦ãå¸å°ã§ãã“Linux”ã®ååã®ééã£ã使ãæ¹ã®ã»ãã«ä¾"
"ãè¦ã¤ãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãããé常ããªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã
ã¯åä¸ã®çµ±åãã"
@@ -1523,9 +1671,14 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"ãã£ã¨ããããããã¡ã¯“GNU”㨓Linux”“ã®çµã¿åã"
@@ -1533,8 +1686,13 @@
"“GNU/Linux”ã®æ¹ãããèªãã¾ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1581,8 +1739,13 @@
"\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1688,10 +1851,16 @@
"ããã·ã¹ãã
ã«å¯¾ããããã®è²¢ç®ã®è¬è¾ããå¤ãããã«ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"ããããã®äººã
ããã®ã·ã¹ãã
ã“Linux”ã¨ãã¦ç¥ã£ã¦ãã¾ãããã"
@@ -1700,10 +1869,17 @@
"Linux”ã¨è¨ãã¨ã人ã
ã¯ãèãããã¨ããããã®ã¨ã¤ãªãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1725,9 +1901,14 @@
"ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"ã§ãããã“Linux”ã¨å¼ã¶ãã¨ã®ä½¿ç¨æãæ¯æãã®ãé¿ããããã«ãã·ã¹"
"ãã ãåã«“GNU”ã¨ãã¦åç
§ãããå
´åãããããã¡ã¯ããªããæ¹å¤ããª"
@@ -1785,12 +1966,19 @@
"ãã¾ãããããã©ãã«è¨å®ãã¦ããããããã¡ã¯ããã«åè«ãã¾ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"ç°ãªããããå¤ã®ã¬ãã«ã¯ãã·ã¹ãã
ã«ã¤ãã¦ã®ååã«ã¤ãã¦ç°ãªãé¸æãå°ãåºã"
"ã§ããããããããããããã©ã®ãããå¤ã®ã¬ãã«ã§ããå
¬æ£ãã®æ¸å¿µã¨è¬æã示ã"
@@ -1809,11 +1997,18 @@
"(<a href=\"#others\">#others</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the "
+#| "kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole "
+#| "(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing "
+#| "wrong with doing so."
msgid ""
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
"systemdã¯ãããã«éè¦ãªã³ã³ãã¼ãã³ãã§ãããã«ã¼ãã«(Linux)ã¨åãããã«éè¦"
"ã§ã¯ãªããå
¨ä½ã®ã·ã¹ãã
ã®åºç¤(GNU)ã¨åãããã«éè¦ã§ãããã¾ããã"
@@ -1862,11 +2057,17 @@
"\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"2008å¹´ã«ããã¦ãGNUã®ããã±ã¼ã¸ã¯gNewSense
GNU/Linuxãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã®"
"“main”ãªãã¸ããªã«ããã¦ã15%ãå
ãã¦ãã¾ãããLinuxã¯1.5%ã§ã"
@@ -1931,9 +2132,16 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1956,11 +2164,20 @@
"ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+#| "free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
+#| "Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
+#| "standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. "
+#| "If this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
+#| "Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be "
+#| "too confusing."
msgid ""
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -1973,11 +2190,18 @@
"ã«å¼ã¼ãã¨ã¯ãã¾ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ããããã¡ã話ãã¦ããã®ã¯GNUã®çã§ããLinuxãã«ã¼ãã«ã¨ãã¦æã¤ãã¨ã«ããåº"
"å¥ãããããªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã
ã§ããã¹ã©ãã·ã¥ã¯ãã®ç¶æ³ã«é©åãã¾ãã"
@@ -1986,11 +2210,17 @@
"Linux”ãªã®ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"ãçµã¿åãããã表ç¾ããã«ã¯ã»ãã®æ¹æ³ãããã¾ãããã©ã¹ã®è¨å·ãããæ確ã
ã¨"
"èãããªãã°ãããã使ã£ã¦ãã
ããããã©ã³ã¹èªã§ã¯ãã¤ãã³ã§“GNU-"
@@ -2026,9 +2256,15 @@
"\">#whynoslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. "
+#| "That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU "
+#| "package."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"è±èªã®ã«ã¼ã«ã«ããããã¨ã“GNU
Emacs”ã®æ§æã§ã¯“GNU”"
@@ -2073,8 +2309,13 @@
"ä½ã®ã¬ãã«ãåããã¨ããäºå®ããã表ãã¾ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2083,8 +2324,14 @@
"ããã®ããã«æ±ãæ¹æ³ãããã ãã¶è¯ãã§ãããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2149,11 +2396,17 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ãããã“GNU”ã“Foobar
Linux”ã¨å¤ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦é"
"éã£ãæ
å ±ãåºãããããã®ãã¼ã¸ã§ã³ã“Foobar
Linux”ã¨å¼ã¶éã«"
@@ -2191,12 +2444,19 @@
"ã¯æ°ã«ããªãã¨ãããã¨ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ããããã¡ã¯ããããæ£ãããã¨ãè¡ãããã«ããããã¨ã¯ã§ãã¾ãããããããã"
"ã¡ã¯ãéã容æãªãããããã¨ãã£ã¦ãããã«ããããããããªé¡ã®è¼©ã§ã¯ããã¾ã"
@@ -2218,16 +2478,26 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux "
+#| "system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that "
+#| "nonfree software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
+#| "Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
+#| "mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen "
+#| "to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
+#| "helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
+#| "applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
+#| "cost of freedom."
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"GNU/Linuxã·ã¹ãã ã«ä¸èªç±ãªã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãå
ããåºãè¡ããã¦ããæ
£ç¿ã¯ãããã"
"ãã¡ã®ã³ãã¥ããã£ã®éè¦ãªåé¡ã§ããããã¯ãä¸èªç±ãªã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã¯åé¡ã§ã¯ãª"
@@ -2259,6 +2529,15 @@
"ããã ãã§ãããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
+#| "the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+#| "versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+#| "specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this "
+#| "understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions that include "
+#| "nonfree software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of "
+#| "thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
msgid ""
"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
@@ -2266,7 +2545,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ãããã£ãå©ç¨è
ããèªç±ã¨ã®é¢é£ãç¥ãããã«å°ãæ¹æ³ã¯ãå®ã«éã®ãã®ã§ããã"
"ããã®ã·ã¹ãã ã®çã¯GNUã®ç<em>ã§ãã</em>ãå©ç¨è
ã®èªç±ã®ããã«ã¾ãã«åå¨ã"
@@ -2358,11 +2637,17 @@
"ããããããããã¡ã¯ããããã§ãããã(ãããããã¯ãã¨ç¥æµã§ãã)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"ããããã§ã«åå¨ããGNU/Linuxã®çã“GNU”ã¨ãã¦åã©ãã«ããã®ã§ã"
"ãã°ãããã¯ãGNUã·ã¹ãã
ã®çã“Linux”ã¨ã©ãã«ãããã¨ã«ä¼¼ããã¨"
@@ -2398,11 +2683,21 @@
"ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2416,9 +2711,16 @@
"ã®(ã§ãç¾å¨ãå®éã«ã¯å¯ä¸ã®)ã°ã«ã¼ãã§ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2457,10 +2759,14 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"“GNU/<i>name</i>”ã®å½¢ã§åã
ã®ããã°ã©ã ãåç
§ãããã¨ã¯æ±ºãã¦ãã"
"ã¾ãããããããã°ã©ã
ãGNUããã±ã¼ã¸ã®æãããããã¡ã¯ããã“GNU "
@@ -2575,10 +2881,18 @@
"ãã®ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2589,11 +2903,20 @@
"ãã¾ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not "
+#| "TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO "
+#| "(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of "
+#| "calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> "
+#| "TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking "
+#| "means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2605,13 +2928,21 @@
"</a>ã§ãã)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ã»ãã®ããã«ã¼ããã®ååãã¨ã¦ã楽ãã¿ããã®æ¹æ³ãçä¼¼ãã¾ããããã§ã«åå¨ã"
"ãããã°ã©ã
(ãã¨ãã°ãã®ååã“Klever”ã¨ãã¾ããã)ã¨åããããª"
@@ -2621,13 +2952,21 @@
"Unix”ã¨å¼ãã ã®ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"æ´å²çã«ãUnixãéçºããAT&Tã¯ãåæ§ãªã·ã¹ãã
ã®ååã«“Unix”"
"ã使ã£ã¦è¬æã示ããã¨ã誰ã«ã欲ãã¾ããã§ãããUnixãã99%ã³ãã¼ãããã·ã¹ã"
@@ -2700,9 +3039,16 @@
"åã§ããçç±ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2724,8 +3070,15 @@
"\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2831,8 +3184,14 @@
"å°ãããããã¾ãããå®éãå
±éã«ããã®ã¯Linuxã
ãã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2875,9 +3234,15 @@
"人ã
ã¯æå³ããæå³ãç解ãå¾ãªãã§ãããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"å
¬è¡ã¯Androidã使ããã¨ã“Linuxã使ã”ã¨ãã¦è©±ããã¨ãã¨ã¦ãå¥ç°"
@@ -2885,23 +3250,39 @@
"ã¨ä¼è©±ãã¦ãããã¨ãããããªãã®ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"å
¬è¡ã¯ããããæ¬å½ã¯GNU/Linuxãªã®ã«ã“Linuxã使ã”ã¨ããèããã"
"é常ã®èª¤è§£(“Linux”ã¨ãã¦å
¨ä½ã®ã·ã¹ãã
ãã¨ããã)ã§ç解<em>ãã¦ã"
"ã¾ã</em>ã§ãããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -2991,11 +3372,17 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"ããã¯ã¾ã¡ããã§ããããã§ãããããããã¡ã¯ãããã¦ãã¾ããããã¼ãã«ãºã®ä»"
"äºã¯ã«ã¼ãã«Linuxã§ããã®ä»äºãGNUããã¸ã§ã¯ãã®ãã®ã
ã¨ãããã“"
@@ -3013,12 +3400,36 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"å½¼ã¯æåãããããèªèãã¦ãã¾ããããã£ã¨ãå¤ãLinuxã®ãªãªã¼ã¹ãã¼ãã§ãã"
+"è¨ã£ã¦ãã¾ã:<a
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+"versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
ãlinuxã¨ä¸ç·ã«ã¤ããã»ã¨ãã©ã®ãã¼ã«ã¯GNUã½ãã"
+"ã¦ã§ã¢ã§ãGNUã³ãã¼ã¬ããã®å
ã§ãããããã®ãã¼ã«ã¯é
å¸ã«ã¯å
¥ã£ã¦ãã¾ããã®"
+"ã§ãããå¤ãã®æ
å ±ã¯å(ãããã¯GNU)ã«é ¼ãã§ãã
ãããã</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"å½¼ã¯æåãããããèªèãã¦ãã¾ããããã£ã¨ãå¤ãLinuxã®ãªãªã¼ã¹ãã¼ãã§ãã"
"è¨ã£ã¦ãã¾ã:<a
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
@@ -3069,11 +3480,19 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3095,13 +3514,23 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3125,10 +3554,16 @@
"\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"ããªããã»ãã®äººã«ãã®æ¹æ³ã§èª¬æãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ããããã¡ãæä¼ããªãã°ãã"
"ãããã¡ã¯ããªãã®åªåã«æè¬ãã¾ãããããã¯æåã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ããã¾ããããã®ã·"
@@ -3136,12 +3571,21 @@
"ã®æéãä¸å¹çã«è²»ããã¦ãã¾ãã§ãããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"ããã¯ãªããªã人ã
ã®æèã«å
¥ã£ã¦ãããªãã®ã§ãå¹æçã§ã¯ãªãã確å®ã«ä¼æ¬ããª"
@@ -3278,9 +3722,13 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"å¼·å¶ãããã¨ã¯ééã£ã¦ããã§ãããããããããã¡ã¯ãããããã¨ã¯ãã¾ãããã"
"ãããã¡ã¯ã·ã¹ãã
ã“GNU/Linux”ã¨å¼ã³ãããªãããããã¾ãããã¨ã"
@@ -3366,9 +3814,15 @@
"ã³ã¹ãã¨ããç¨èªã使ããªãã§ãã ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3423,8 +3877,13 @@
"ã¹ãã ãéçºãããã¨ãã§ããªãã£ãã§ãããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3447,9 +3906,15 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.ko-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.ko-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.23
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -b -r1.23 -r1.24
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.ko-diff.html 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.23
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.ko-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.24
@@ -12,30 +12,35 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>GNU/Linux FAQ
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU/Linux <span class="removed"><del><strong>FAQ
by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>FAQ</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2>
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-<div class="announcement">
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>, our
page on <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
-</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-
+</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
<p>
When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a
-system that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions.
+system that many others call just <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they ask many
questions.
Here are common questions, and our answers.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="toc">
+<div class="toc">
<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3></em></ins></span>
<ul>
@@ -130,8 +135,8 @@
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#trademarkfee"
id="TOCtrademarkfee">I</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#trademarkfee">I</em></ins></span> would
have to pay a
fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
- that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it
- wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to
+ that would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it
+ wrong if I use “GNU” without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to
save the fee?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#many"
id="TOCmany">Many</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#many">Many</em></ins></span> other projects
contributed to the
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@
rather than “Linux/GNU”?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#distronames0"
id="TOCdistronames0">My</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#distronames0">My</em></ins></span> distro's
developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like?</a></li>
@@ -281,14 +286,16 @@
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#deserve"
id="TOCdeserve">Since</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#deserve">Since</em></ins></span> you failed
to put
something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
- “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> you
deserve what happened; why are you
complaining now?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#contradict"
id="TOCcontradict">Wouldn't</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#contradict">Wouldn't</em></ins></span> you
be better off
not contradicting what so many people believe?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#somanyright"
id="TOCsomanyright">Since</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#somanyright">Since</em></ins></span> many
people call it
- “Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#knownname"
id="TOCknownname">Isn't</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#knownname">Isn't</em></ins></span> it
better to call the
system by the name most users already know?</a></li>
@@ -377,7 +384,7 @@
the system's history was such as to fit that name. For
instance, they often believe its development was started by Linus
Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends to reinforce the idea
-that the system should be called “Linux”.</p>
+that the system should be called <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to
justify the name they are accustomed to using.</p>
@@ -388,14 +395,16 @@
<dd>
Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
-“Linux”, the name its developer chose.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> the
name its developer chose.
<p>
-When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence
+When people call the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> as a
consequence
they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel.
This causes many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell
whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole system.
-By calling the whole system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel
-“Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity.</p>
+By calling the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
calling the kernel
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
avoid the ambiguity.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="linuxalone">Would Linux have
@@ -425,7 +434,7 @@
community if you did not divide people with this request? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#divide">#divide</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing people.
We
+When we ask people to say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> we
are not dividing people. We
are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating
system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
<p>
@@ -453,7 +462,8 @@
The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of
attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community.
People who value freedom are more likely to call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and people who learn that the system is
“GNU/Linux” are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are
more likely to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for
freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for the system
makes a real difference for society). However, the disagreement would
@@ -482,7 +492,7 @@
<dd>Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using
public in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most
-articles about the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the
ideals
+articles about the system do not mention the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> or the ideals
that GNU stands for. <a
href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU Users Who Have Never
Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
@@ -490,7 +500,7 @@
The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection
-of <a href="#tools">“tools”</a>, or a project to
develop tools.</p>
+of <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="#tools">“tools”</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“<a
href="#tools">tools</a>,”</em></ins></span> or a project to
develop tools.</p>
<p>
The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another
common misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing
@@ -506,8 +516,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others.
Most people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
-“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
-it was intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> that it
was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
+it was intended to be “open <span
class="removed"><del><strong>source”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>source.”</em></ins></span> If you don't tell
them, who <span class="removed"><del><strong>will?</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>will?</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -536,10 +547,10 @@
People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they
hear about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They
may think that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they
-say “programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became
+say “programming <span
class="removed"><del><strong>tools”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools,”</em></ins></span> since some of our
programming tools became
popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an
operating
system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that
-operating system is labeled “Linux”.
+operating system is labeled <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the project
to develop the GNU system. (See <a
@@ -568,7 +579,7 @@
programs.</p>
<p>
To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” to
-mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. The
+mean <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“kernel.”</em></ins></span> Both uses of
the term go back many years. The
use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found in
a number of
textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time,
in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
all
@@ -579,12 +590,12 @@
Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating system”
they are using “operating system” in the same sense we use: they
mean
the whole collection of programs. If that's what you are referring
-to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean just the kernel, then
+to, please call it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> If
you mean just the kernel, then
“Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
“kernel” also to
avoid ambiguity about which body of software you mean.</p>
<p>
If you prefer to use some other term such as “system distribution”
for
-the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating system”,
+the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system,”</em></ins></span>
that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux system
distributions.</p>
</dd>
@@ -636,8 +647,8 @@
<dd>
The people who argue that way for calling the system
“Linux” are using a double standard. An operating system
-requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much more
-— hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
+requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much
+more—hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
system be “Linux”?
@@ -658,7 +669,8 @@
<dd>
Many <a href="/distros/distros.html"> packaged and installable
versions of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
-“GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but GNU
is what they basically are.
<p>
We expected to release the GNU system packaged for installation, but
@@ -685,7 +697,8 @@
<p>
We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
-“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but that
doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
GNU is an operating system.</p>
</dd>
@@ -695,11 +708,11 @@
<dd>
That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
-than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating system
is
+than the misuse of the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Normally an
operating system is
developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a
name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a
name of its own—instead, people say “the kernel of
such-and-such” or
-“the such-and-such kernel”.
+“the such-and-such <span
class="removed"><del><strong>kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>kernel.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression
“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning
“the kernel
@@ -724,11 +737,11 @@
How about recommending a shorter name? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long">#long</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words
“GNU”
-and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. People accept
“GNU/Linux”
+For a while we tried the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“LiGNUx”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“LiGNUx,”</em></ins></span> which
combines the words “GNU”
+and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> The reaction
was very bad. People accept “GNU/Linux”
much better.
<p>
-The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but
+The shortest legitimate name for this system is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but
we call it “GNU/Linux” <a href="#justgnu"> for the reasons
given below</a>.</p>
</dd>
@@ -753,7 +766,7 @@
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long2">#long2</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you
+<p>It only takes a second to say or type <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/.”</em></ins></span> If you
appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second
to recognize our work?</p>
</dd>
@@ -804,9 +817,9 @@
honorably and openly, rather than by trying to cut him out of the
credit for his contribution to the system.</li>
<li>
-Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say
“GNU” they
+Since many people know of the system as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> if we say
“GNU” they
may simply not recognize we're talking about the same system. If we
-say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to what they have heard
+say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> they
can make a connection to what they have heard
about.</li>
<span
class="removed"><del><strong></ul><p></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></ul></em></ins></span>
@@ -814,16 +827,16 @@
<dt id="trademarkfee">I would have
to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
that
- would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use
“GNU”
- without “Linux”, to save the fee? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
+ would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it wrong if I use “GNU”
+ without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to save the
fee? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically,
that's
what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit
as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing
so.
<p>
-So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid
paying
-the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you.</p>
+So if you want to refer to the system simply as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> to avoid paying
+the fee for calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> we won't
criticize you.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="many">Many other projects contributed to
@@ -853,7 +866,7 @@
<p>
Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for
the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness
-and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
“Linux”.
+and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution
(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU).</p>
</dd>
@@ -867,7 +880,7 @@
systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd
-by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing
+by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing
wrong with doing so.</p>
</dd>
@@ -892,7 +905,7 @@
In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the
“main” repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux made up 1.5%. So the same argument would apply even more
-strongly to calling it “Linux”.
+strongly to calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an
@@ -929,7 +942,7 @@
<dd>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” the
-word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean either
“GNU's version of
+word “GNU” modifies <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> This can mean
either “GNU's version of
Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those
meanings
fits the situation at hand.
<p>
@@ -942,23 +955,24 @@
The free GNU/Linux distros do have
a <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">separate</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre">separate</em></ins></span>
version of
Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
-firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project,
+firmware <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“blobs”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“blobs.”</em></ins></span> If this were
part of the GNU Project,
it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want
to call it that, because it would be too confusing.</p>
<p>
We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system,
distinguished by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the
situation because it means “combination.” (Think of
-“Input/Output”.) This system is the combination of GNU
-and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Input/Output”.)</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Input/Output.”)</em></ins></span>
This system is the combination of GNU
+and Linux; hence, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-There are other ways to express “combination”. If you
+There are other ways to express <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“combination”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“combination.”</em></ins></span>
If you
think that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a
-hyphen is clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes
-say “GNU con Linux”.</p>
+hyphen is clear: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU-Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU-Linux.”</em></ins></span> In
Spanish, we sometimes
+say “GNU con <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="pronounce">How is the name
“GNU/Linux”
+<dt id="pronounce">How is the name “GNU/Linux”
pronounced? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#pronounce">#pronounce</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
@@ -974,16 +988,16 @@
<dd>
<p>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
-Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”.
+Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.”
That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a
GNU package.</p>
<p>
“GNU/Emacs” would mean the combination of GNU, the
operating system, and the program Emacs. That doesn't fit this
-program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to it.</p>
+program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to
it.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
+<dt id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
than “Linux/GNU”? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#whyorder">#whyorder</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -995,13 +1009,13 @@
In addition, “GNU/Linux” fits the fact that Linux is the
lowest level of the system and GNU fills technically higher
levels.</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a
lot
+However, if you prefer to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux/GNU”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux/GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
is a lot
better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and
make it seem that the whole system is Linux.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames0">#distronames0</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1032,11 +1046,11 @@
<span class="removed"><del><strong><dd><p>If it's allowed for them
to change</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><dd><p>When they spread
misinformation by changing</em></ins></span> “GNU”
-to <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux”, and call their version
of it</em></ins></span> “Foobar
-Linux”, it's <span
class="removed"><del><strong>allowed</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>proper</em></ins></span> for you to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>change it back and
+to <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,” and call their version
of it</em></ins></span> “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> it's <span
class="removed"><del><strong>allowed</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>proper</em></ins></span> for you to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>change it back and
call</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>correct the
misinformation by
calling</em></ins></span> it “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/Linux”. This is what you ought to do,
-to avoid their error.</p></dd></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux”.</p></dd></em></ins></span>
+to avoid their error.</p></dd></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux.”</p></dd></em></ins></span>
<dt id="companies">Wouldn't it be more
effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to
@@ -1057,7 +1071,7 @@
just because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence
at your disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together
we can change the situation to the point where companies will make
-more profit calling it “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+more profit calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="reserve">Wouldn't it be better to
@@ -1068,7 +1082,7 @@
The widespread practice of adding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software to the GNU/Linux
system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users
that <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software is ok, and that
using it is part of the spirit
-of “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
their mission to
+of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Many
“Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission to
help users use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> add-ons, and may even
invite salesmen to come
and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping
the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
@@ -1091,7 +1105,8 @@
With this understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions
that include <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software as
perverted, adulterated versions of
GNU, instead of thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of
-Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the
system GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis
@@ -1131,8 +1146,9 @@
GNU Hurd to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)
<p>
If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
-“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU
system
-and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system
+and labeling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> That wasn't
right, and we don't
want to act like that.</p>
</dd>
@@ -1151,7 +1167,7 @@
<p>
The people who had made the changes showed little interest in
cooperating with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care
-about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”.
+about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux <span
class="removed"><del><strong>user”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>user.”</em></ins></span>
That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to
other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their
changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
@@ -1159,7 +1175,7 @@
only) group that was unwilling to work with us.</p>
<p>
It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
-version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was
+version of the GNU system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and that this
confusion was
obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is
our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the
“Linux” misnomer.</p>
@@ -1178,8 +1194,8 @@
convention be applied to all programs that are GPL'ed? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#allgpled">#allgpled</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-We never refer to individual programs as
“GNU/<i>name</i>”. When a program
-is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>”.
+We never refer to individual programs as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/<i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/<i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
When a program
+is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong><i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs.
Some of the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or
@@ -1232,15 +1248,17 @@
<p>
No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from
-Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this,
+Unix. The name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> which stands for
“GNU's Not
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> is a humorous
way of giving credit to Unix for this,
following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the
70s.</p>
<p>
The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
-TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO.”</em></ins></span> The author of
TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of
-calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
TECO”, he
+calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO,”</em></ins></span> he
thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking
means: <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</em></ins></span>
cleverness</a>.)</p>
@@ -1250,7 +1268,7 @@
program that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its
name was “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name,
such
as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
spirit we called our
-replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”.</p>
+replacement for Unix “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to
give it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar
@@ -1258,7 +1276,8 @@
threatened to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is
why each of the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary,
like Unix) had a completely different name that didn't include
-“Unix”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Unix”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="bsd">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
@@ -1289,7 +1308,7 @@
why the name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it.</p>
<p>
There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
-developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
+developers call it “Debian <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/NetBSD”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/NetBSD,”</em></ins></span> but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just
the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the system
is the same as the GNU/Linux system.</p>
@@ -1300,7 +1319,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
-Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of
GNU
+Not in the same sense that we mean by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> The
tools of GNU
are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU
system, and underneath them you would still have another complete
operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all,
@@ -1351,7 +1370,7 @@
the two have very little code in common. In fact, the only thing they
have in common is Linux.</p>
<p>
-If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”,
+If you call the whole GNU/Linux system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
you will find it necessary to say things like, “Android contains
Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux
[sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU system].”</p>
@@ -1372,7 +1391,7 @@
people will</em></ins></span> not <span class="inserted"><ins><em>understand
the intended meaning.
<p>
The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
-“using Linux”. It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
+“using Linux.” It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
saying you were conversing with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU
system does not have precise boundaries.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>person's intestines or the
person's circulatory system.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1382,7 +1401,7 @@
Linux” when it's really GNU/Linux,</em></ins></span> by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>a community. It includes far
more than just</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>way
of</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU software
packages (of which we have</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>usual
misunderstanding: thinking of the whole system as
-“Linux”.</p>
+“Linux.”</p>
<p>
Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as
different as driving</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>specific
@@ -1392,8 +1411,8 @@
fact</em></ins></span> that <span class="removed"><del><strong>yields
GNU/Linux.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>a car and a
bicycle both have a structure of metal is
irrelevant to using those two.</em></ins></span> If you <span
class="removed"><del><strong>use part</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>wish to talk about using cars
-and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”
-— not unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
+and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”—not
+unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
say, “using cars</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>omit part, there is
no meaningful</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>bikes.” Likewise, the clear</em></ins></span>
way to <span class="removed"><del><strong>say “how much” you
used.</p>
<p>
@@ -1446,7 +1465,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project
-or label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole
+or label it as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU.”</em></ins></span> When we talk
about the whole
system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>credit.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>credit.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1457,13 +1476,17 @@
agree that Linux is just the kernel? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#linusagreed">#linusagreed</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a
+href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
+earliest Linux release <span class="removed"><del><strong>notes
said, <a
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the
+href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01">
+“Most</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>notes</a> said:</p>
+<blockquote><p>
+Most</em></ins></span> of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are
under the
GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-for more info”</a>.</p>
+for more <span
class="removed"><del><strong>info”</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>info.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="finishhurd">Why not finish the GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU
system
@@ -1491,7 +1514,7 @@
This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
“society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
-name to use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but
+name to use. You can't make others say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> but
you can decide to call the system “GNU/Linux”
yourself—and by doing so, you will help educate <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1504,10 +1527,10 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect
pictures are being spread more or less by various people. If you call
-the system “GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's
true
+the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will help others learn the system's true
history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer
everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If
-only a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you
will
+only a few hundred people see you use the term <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will
have educated a substantial number of people with very little work.
And some of them will spread the correction to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1519,14 +1542,15 @@
<dd>
If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
-calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently.
+calling the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
uses your time inefficiently.
<p>
It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's
origin. But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others
whenever they talk about the system. They will probably just call it
-“Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread
the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
Without particularly intending to, they will help spread the
incorrect picture.</p>
<p>
It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and
@@ -1592,7 +1616,8 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="whynotsue">Why not sue people who call
@@ -1636,7 +1661,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="deserve">Since you failed to put
- something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
“GNU”,
+ something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span>
you deserve what happened; why are you complaining now? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#deserve">#deserve</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1662,7 +1687,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="somanyright">Since many people call
-it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
+it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> doesn't that
make it right? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1675,7 +1700,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
-includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking
+includes <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they will
recognize what you're talking
about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as
‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all <span
class="removed"><del><strong>understand.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>understand.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1756,7 +1781,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 10:37:07 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.ko.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.ko.po,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.ko.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.31
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.ko.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.32
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-05-21 13:58+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: Jongmin Yoon <blueguy@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Korean <web-translators-ko@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -31,10 +31,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "리차ë ì¤í¨ë°ì´ ìì±í GNU/Linux FAQ"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"ë§ì ì´ë¤ì´ ë¨ìí “Linux”ë¼ ë¶ë¥´ë ìì¤í
ì
GNU/Linuxë¼ê³ ì°ê³ "
@@ -256,11 +265,22 @@
"ëì?<a href=\"#justgnu\"></a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">ë§ì½ “Linux” ì´ë¦ì ì íì
ì¬ì©íê² ë"
"ë¤ë©´ ë¹ì©ì ì§ë¶í´ì¼ í©ëë¤. ì´ë “GNU/Linux”ìë
ì ì©ëë ì¬ìì´"
@@ -367,10 +387,19 @@
"Linux”ì¸ê°ì?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">ë´ ë°°í¬íì ê°ë°ìë¤ë “Foobar
Linux”ë¼"
"ê³ ë¶ë¦
ëë¤. íì§ë§ ì´ë ìì¤í
ì´ ì´ë»ê²
구ì±ëì´ìëì§ ë§í´ì£¼ì§ ììµëë¤. "
@@ -629,9 +658,18 @@
"구 ì¬íì ì ì´ ëìì¼ íì§ ìëì?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">GNU GPLì “GNU”ë¼ë 문구를 ë£ì§
못í기 ë문"
@@ -646,8 +684,15 @@
"ì§ ììê¹ì?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">ë§ì ì¬ëë¤ì´ “Linux”ë¼ê³
ë¶ë¥´ê³ ì기 ë"
@@ -834,6 +879,24 @@
"í° ë¬¸ì ë 커ì§ê¸° ììíìµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -841,7 +904,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"“Linux”ë¼ê³ ë¶ë¥´ë ì¬ëë¤ì ëë¶ë¶ ì ê·¸ê²ì´
ì³ì§ ìì ì¼ì¸ì§ ì "
"í ë¤ì´ë³´ì§ 못íìµëë¤. ê·¸ë¤ì ë¤ë¥¸ ì¬ëë¤ì´ ê·¸ ì´ë¦ì
ì°ë ê²ì ë³´ê³ ê·¸ê²ì´ "
@@ -868,22 +931,46 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"íì ê·¸ë ì§ë ììµëë¤. ì ì²´ ìì¤í
ì ëí´ ì´ì¼ê¸°í
ëë§ GNU/Linuxë¼ê³ ë¶ë¥´"
"ë©´ ë©ëë¤. 커ëë§ì ì¸ê¸í ëë 커ë ê°ë°ìê° ê³ ë¥¸
ì´ë¦ì¸ “Linux”"
"ë¼ê³ ë¶ë¬ì¼ í©ëë¤. "
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"ì¬ëë¤ì´ ì ì²´ ìì¤í
ì “Linux”ë¼ê³ ë¶ë¥´ë©´
커ëê³¼ ê°ì ì´ë¦ì¼ë¡ ì "
@@ -950,8 +1037,17 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -1005,10 +1101,34 @@
"íí¸ì¨ì´ê° ì¤í ìì¤ë³´ë¤ ì¢ìê°?</a>를 ë³´ì¸ì."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1071,10 +1191,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1085,11 +1218,22 @@
"ë ì¬ëë¤ì ìí 문ì</a>ìì ë ìì¸í ê²ì ë³´ì¤ ì
ììµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"ì´ë° ë§ì íë ì¬ëë¤ì ìë§ë geekì ëí´ ìê°íë
geekë¤ì¼ ê²ì
ëë¤. Geekë¤"
"ì GNUì ëí´ ì기ë í©ëë¤. ê·¸ë¬ë GNUê° ë¬´ìì¸ì§ì
ëí´ ìì í ì못ë ê°ë
"
@@ -1122,11 +1266,23 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"ë§ì½ ë¹ì ì ë§ë¤ì´ ë¹ì ì ìê°ì ë¹ì¶ì§ 못íë¤ë©´ ë¹ì
ì ì무ìê²ë ê°ë¥´ì¹ì§ "
"못í©ëë¤. GNU/Linux를 ë¤ì´ë´¤ë ëë¶ë¶ì ì¬ëë¤ì ì´ë¥¼
Linus Torvaldsë¡ë¶í° ì"
@@ -1183,14 +1339,31 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Linux를 ì ì²´ ì´ìì²´ì ë¡ ìê°íë ì¬ëë¤ì´ GNUì ëí´
ë¤ì¼ë©´ GNUê° ë¬´ìì¸ì§ì "
"ëí´ ì못 ìê°í ëê° ì¢
ì¢
ììµëë¤. ê·¸ë¤ì GNU를
íë¡ê·¸ë¨(“íë¡ê·¸ëë° "
@@ -1251,12 +1424,32 @@
"ë¨ì
ëë¤. 커ëì ëí ë¤ë¥¸ íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ììíê³ ë©ì¶ê²
í©ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1271,11 +1464,28 @@
"ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1288,10 +1498,20 @@
"í ê²ì¸ì§ 모í¸í¨ì í¼í기 ìí´ “커ë”ì´ë¼ê³
ë§í´ì£¼ì¸ì."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"ì ì²´ íë¡ê·¸ë¨ 모ìì¼ë¡ “ì´ìì²´ì ” ëì
“ìì¤í
ë°°í¬í"
@@ -1395,9 +1615,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1424,9 +1644,18 @@
"\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"ë§ì<a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">í¨í¤ì§íë ì¤ì¹ê°ë¥í GNU
ë²ì </a>ë¤ì´ "
@@ -1474,9 +1703,17 @@
"ì ì¤ì§ì ì¸ ë¶ë¶ì 리í¨í¤ì§íë ê²ì í¬í¨í©ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"ì°ë¦¬ë ì ë “GNU”ì ì´ë¦ ìë GNU를 í¨í¤ì§íë
ì§ë ë¨ê³ë¥¼ ë°ì§ "
@@ -1494,13 +1731,28 @@
"href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"ê·¸ ê´ë¡ë ë§¤ì° ëë
ëë¤. ì°ë¦¬ë “Linux”ë¼ë
ì´ë¦ì ì못 ì°ë ê²"
"ë§ ë´¤ìµëë¤. ì´ìì²´ì ë ë¨ì¼í íµí© íë¡ì í¸ë¡
ê°ë°ëë ê²ì´ ì¼ë°ì ì´ê³ ê°ë°"
@@ -1554,9 +1806,18 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"íëì “GNU”ì “Linux”를 í©ì¹
“LiGNUx”ë¼"
@@ -1564,8 +1825,16 @@
"Linux”를 ë ì¢ìíìµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1616,8 +1885,16 @@
"\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1726,10 +2003,21 @@
"ì¼ë¡ ë¤ë£° ê²ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"ë§ì ì¬ëë¤ì´ “Linux”ì ëí´ ìê³ ì기 ë문ì
ì°ë¦¬ê° “"
@@ -1738,10 +2026,23 @@
"ë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1762,9 +2063,17 @@
"ë§ íë ìë¬´ê° ìë ê²ì ìëëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"ë°ë¼ì “Linux”ë¼ê³ ë¶ë¥´ë ê²ì ëí ë¹ì©ì ë´ì§
ìì¼ë ¤ê³ ê·¸ë¥ "
"“GNU”ë¼ ë¶ë¥´ê³ ì¶ë¤ë©´ ì°ë¦¬ë ë¹ëíì§ ìì ê²ì
ëë¤."
@@ -1820,12 +2129,25 @@
"íê³ë¥¼ ì í ì ì í ê³³ì´ ìì¼ë¯ë¡ ì´ë»ê² ì íë ì°ë¦¬ë
ë°ë°íì§ ìì ê²ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"íê³ ìì¤ì´ ìë¡ ë¤ë¥´ë©´ ìì¤í
ì´ë¦ì ê³ ë¥´ë ê²ë
ë¬ë¼ì§ëë¤. ííì±ì ìì´ë²"
"린 ì´ë¦ì í ìê° ë°ë¡ “Linux”ì
ëë¤. 주ì
기ì¬(GNU)를 ë¹¼ê³ ë¶ì°¨"
@@ -1858,7 +2180,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1902,11 +2224,21 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"2008ë
ì ì°ë¦¬ë GNU í¨í¤ì§ê° gNweSense GNU/Linux ë°°í¬íì
“Main” "
"Repositoryì 15%ë¡ ë§ë¤ì´ì¡ë¤ë ì¬ì¤ì íì¸íìµëë¤.
Linuxë ë¨ì§ 1.5%ë¡ íì¸"
@@ -1967,9 +2299,21 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1996,9 +2340,10 @@
# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate-]
# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate+} version
# | of Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains
-# | non[---]free firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU
-# | Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not
-# | want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+# | non[---]free firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If
+# | this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU
+# | Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be
+# | too confusing.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
@@ -2012,7 +2357,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2024,11 +2369,24 @@
"GNU í” ìì ë§ì§ ììµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ì°ë¦¬ë Linux를 커ëë¡ ì°ë GNU ì´ìì²´ì ì ëí´ ì´ì¼ê¸°íê³
ììµëë¤. ì¬ì ì´ "
"ì´ ìí©ì ë§ìµëë¤. ì¬ì ì “ê²°í©”ì ì미í기
ë문ì
ëë¤. (“"
@@ -2036,11 +2394,22 @@
"ë¯ë¡ “GNU/Linux”ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"“ê²°í©”ì íííë ë¤ë¥¸ ë°©ë²ë ììµëë¤. ëí기
기í¸ê° ë ëª
ííë¤"
"ê³ ìê°íë¤ë©´ ëí기 기í¸ë¥¼ ì°ì¸ì. íëì¤ì´ììë
ëì를 ì¨ “GNU-"
@@ -2093,7 +2462,7 @@
# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
# | [-Linux”-] {+Emacs”+} the word “GNU” modifies
# | [-“Linux”. This can mean either “GNU's version of
-# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs”. That is the right
+# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs.” That is the right
# | way to describe a program called Emacs+} which is a GNU [-package.”
# | Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand.-] {+package.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -2105,7 +2474,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"ìì´ ê·ì¹ì ë°ë¼ “GNU Linux”ë¼ë 구문ììë
“GNU”ë¼"
@@ -2144,8 +2513,17 @@
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2153,8 +2531,19 @@
"ë¼ì´ ë²ë¦¬ê³ ì ì²´ ìì¤í
ì Linuxë§ì¼ë¡ ë¶ë¥´ë ê²ë³´ë¤ë
í¨ì¬ ë«ìµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2231,9 +2620,9 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -2266,12 +2655,24 @@
"ìµëë¤. ë¤ì ë§íë©´ ê·¸ íì¬ë ëê° ì³ìì§ ì ê²½ì°ì§
ìììµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ì°ë¦¬ë ê·¸ íì¬ë¤ì ë°ê¿ ì ìì§ë§ ê¸¸ì´ ì´ë µë¤ê³
í¬ê¸°íì§ ììµëë¤. ì¬ë¬ë¶ì "
"IBMì´ë RedHatê°ì íì¬ì ë¹í´ì ìí¥ë ¥ì´ ì ì ê²ì
ëë¤.
ê·¸ë¬ë ì¬ë¬ë¶ì ì¬ì "
@@ -2293,12 +2694,12 @@
# | The widespread practice of adding non[---]free software to the GNU/Linux
# | system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that
# | non[---]free software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
-# | “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
-# | their mission to help users use non[---]free add-ons, and may even invite
-# | salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such
-# | as “helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them
-# | use non[---]free applications and drivers), or making the system more
-# | popular even at the cost of freedom.
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use non[---]free
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use non[---]free applications and
+# | drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux "
@@ -2313,13 +2714,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"GNU/Linux ìì¤í
ì ë¹ìì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ë¥¼ ì¶ê°íë, ë리
í¼ì§ ê´íì´ ìì ìíí¸"
"ì¨ì´ 커뮤ëí°ìê²ë 주ìí 문ì ì
ëë¤. ê·¸ë¡ ì¸í´
ì¬ì©ìë¤ì´ ë¹ìì ìíí¸ì¨ì´"
@@ -2355,7 +2755,8 @@
# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include non[---]free
# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
-# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”.
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
@@ -2372,7 +2773,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ì´ë° ì¬ì©ìë¤ì´ ìì ìì ê´ê³ë¥¼ ë³´ëë¡ ì´ëë ë°©ë²ì ì
íí ê·¸ ë°ëì
ëë¤. "
"ì´ ëª¨ë ìì¤í
ë¤ì´ GNU í본ì´ê³ ê·¸ê²ë¤ì´ í¹í ì¬ì©ìì
ìì 를 ìí´ ì¡´ì¬íë "
@@ -2470,11 +2871,22 @@
"ì§ì§ GNU ìì¤í
ì ë°íí ì¤ë¹ê° ë기 ë문ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"ì°ë¦¬ê° 기존 GNU/Linux í본ì ê°ì ¸ë¤ “GNU”ë¼ê³ ë¤ì
ì´ë¦ì ë¶ì´ë ¤ "
"íì§ ìë ë ë¤ë¥¸ ì´ì ê° ììµëë¤. ê·¸ ê²ì GNU ìì¤í
ì
ê°ì ¸ë¤ê° “"
@@ -2508,11 +2920,29 @@
"íìê° ìììµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2526,9 +2956,22 @@
"ìì 첫 ë²ì§¸(ê·¸ë¦¬ê³ ì¬ì í ì¤ì ë¡ ì ì¼í)
그룹ì´ììµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2566,10 +3009,18 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"ì°ë¦¬ë ê°ë³ íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì “GNU/<i>ì´ë¦</i>”ì¼ë¡ ì ë
ë¶ë¥´ì§ ììµë"
"ë¤. íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì´ í¨í¤ì§ë¼ë©´ ì°ë¦¬ë
“GNU<i>ì´ë¦</i>”ì´ë¼ ë¶ë¦
ëë¤."
@@ -2678,10 +3129,24 @@
"ë¤. 모ë ê²ì ì ë¶ ìë¡ê² ë§ë¤ì´ì¼ íìµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2691,11 +3156,12 @@
"ë°ë¼, ì ëì¤ì ê²½ì를 ííë ìµì´ì¤ë¬ì´ ë°©ë²ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”.
-# | The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were
-# | already many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a
-# | dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of
-# | a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
# | href=\"http{+s+}://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">playful
# | cleverness</a>.)
#, fuzzy
@@ -2708,10 +3174,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2722,13 +3188,28 @@
"\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>ì¬ì¹ìë 기ë°í¨</a>ì
ëë¤.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ë¤ë¥¸ í´ì»¤ë¤ì´ ê·¸ ì´ë¦ì ì¦ê¸°ì ì°ë¦¬ë ì´ì ê°ì ë°©ìì
íë´ëìµëë¤. ì´í, 기"
"ì¡´ íë¡ê·¸ë¨ê³¼ ë¹ì·í íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ì²ìë¶í° ë¤ì 짤 ë ì
íµì´ ëìµëë¤. (ê·¸ ì´ë¦"
@@ -2738,13 +3219,28 @@
"ë ìµëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ìì¬ì ì¼ë¡ ì ëì¤ë¥¼ ê°ë°í AT&Të ë¹ì·í ìì¤í
ì
ì´ë¦ì “ì ëì¤"
"”를 ì¬ì©í´ì í¬ë ë§ì ì£¼ê³ ì¶ì§ ìììµëë¤.
AT&Të ì ëì¤ ì½ë를 "
@@ -2825,9 +3321,22 @@
"ë¦ì´ ë ì ì í ê²ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2848,8 +3357,21 @@
"\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2953,8 +3475,19 @@
"ì§ ììµëë¤. ì¬ì¤ ì´ ëì´ ê°ì§ë ê³µíµ ì¬íì Linux를
ì¬ì©íë¤ë ê²ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -3006,7 +3539,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
@@ -3014,7 +3547,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -3024,7 +3557,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3124,11 +3657,22 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"ê·¸ê²ì ì못ë ê²ì
ëë¤. ê·¸ëì ì°ë¦¬ë ê·¸ë ê² íì§
ììµëë¤. Torvaldsì ìí"
"ì Linux, 커ëì
ëë¤. ì°ë¦¬ë GNU íë¡ì í¸ì ì¼íê±°ë ëë
“GNU”"
@@ -3145,12 +3689,38 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
-# | said, <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-# | for more info”</a>.
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"리ëì¤ í ë°ì¦ë ì²ììë ì´ë¥¼ ì¸ìíìµëë¤. 첫 Linux
ë°í문ì ë³´ë©´ <a href="
+"\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
+"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Linuxì ì°ì¸ ëë¶ë¶ì ë구ë GNU
ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì´ê³ GNU "
+"ì ìê¶ ìë ììµëë¤. ì´ ë구ë¤ì ë°°í¬íì ë¤ì´ìì§
ììµëë¤. ë ìì¸í ì ë³´"
+"ë ì (ë GNU)ì 문ìíì¸ì.”</a>ë¼ê³ ì íììµëë¤."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
@@ -3159,11 +3729,9 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"리ëì¤ í ë°ì¦ë ì²ììë ì´ë¥¼ ì¸ìíìµëë¤. 첫 Linux
ë°í문ì ë³´ë©´ <a href="
"\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
@@ -3227,11 +3795,26 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3252,13 +3835,32 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3281,22 +3883,48 @@
"(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"ì¬ë¬ë¶ì´ ë¤ë¥¸ ì¬ëìê² ê·¸ ë°©ìì¼ë¡ ì¤ëª
í´ ì°ë¦¬ë¥¼
ëëë¤ë©´ ê·¸ ë
¸ë ¥ì ê°ì¬í©ë"
"ë¤. ê·¸ë¬ë ê·¸ê²ì ê°ì¥ ì¢ì ë°©ë²ì´ ìëëë¤.
“GNU/Linux”ë¡ ë¶ë¥´"
"ë ê²ë§í¼ í¨ê³¼ì ì´ì§ ìê³ ìê°ì ë¹í¨ì¨ì ì¼ë¡ ì°ë
ê²ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"ê·¸ ë°©ìì ë¹í¨ê³¼ì ì
ëë¤. ì ì´í´ëì§ë ìê³ íì¤ì´ ì
í´ì§ì§ë ìì ê²ì´ê¸° ë"
@@ -3431,9 +4059,16 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"ê·¸ë¤ìê² ê°ìíë ê²ì ì못ë ì¼ì´ë©° ì°ë¦¬ë ê·¸ë¬ì§
ììµëë¤. ì°ë¦¬ë ìì¤í
ì "
"“GNU/Linux”ë¼ê³ ë¶ë¥´ë©° ì°ë¦¬ë ê·¸ê²ì ìì²í ë¿ì
ëë¤."
@@ -3535,9 +4170,19 @@
"ì©íì§ ë§ììì¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3588,8 +4233,17 @@
"ë 믿ìì ë¶ì¸íì§ ìê³ ìë ìì ì´ìì²´ì 를 ê°ë°íì§
못íì ê²ì
ëë¤."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3613,9 +4267,20 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.nl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.nl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.49
retrieving revision 1.50
diff -u -b -r1.49 -r1.50
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.nl-diff.html 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.49
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.nl-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.50
@@ -12,30 +12,35 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.84</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>GNU/Linux FAQ
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU/Linux <span class="removed"><del><strong>FAQ
by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>FAQ</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2>
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-<div class="announcement">
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>, our
page on <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
-</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-
+</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
<p>
When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a
-system that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions.
+system that many others call just <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they ask many
questions.
Here are common questions, and our answers.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="toc">
+<div class="toc">
<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3></em></ins></span>
<ul>
@@ -130,8 +135,8 @@
<li><a href="#trademarkfee">I would have to pay a
fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
- that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it
- wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to
+ that would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it
+ wrong if I use “GNU” without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to
save the fee?</a></li>
<li><a href="#many">Many other projects contributed to the
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@
rather than “Linux/GNU”?</a></li>
<li><a href="#distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like?</a></li>
@@ -281,14 +286,16 @@
<li><a href="#deserve">Since you failed to put
something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
- “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> you
deserve what happened; why are you
complaining now?</a></li>
<li><a href="#contradict">Wouldn't you be better off
not contradicting what so many people believe?</a></li>
<li><a href="#somanyright">Since many people call it
- “Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
<li><a href="#knownname">Isn't it better to call the
system by the name most users already know?</a></li>
@@ -380,7 +387,7 @@
the system's history was such as to fit that name. For
instance, they often believe its development was started by Linus
Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends to reinforce the idea
-that the system should be called “Linux”.</p>
+that the system should be called <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to
justify the name they are accustomed to using.</p>
@@ -391,14 +398,16 @@
<dd>
Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
-“Linux”, the name its developer chose.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> the
name its developer chose.
<p>
-When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence
+When people call the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> as a
consequence
they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel.
This causes many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell
whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole system.
-By calling the whole system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel
-“Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity.</p>
+By calling the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
calling the kernel
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
avoid the ambiguity.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="linuxalone">Would Linux have
@@ -428,7 +437,7 @@
community if you did not divide people with this request? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#divide">#divide</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing people.
We
+When we ask people to say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> we
are not dividing people. We
are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating
system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
<p>
@@ -456,7 +465,8 @@
The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of
attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community.
People who value freedom are more likely to call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and people who learn that the system is
“GNU/Linux” are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are
more likely to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for
freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for the system
makes a real difference for society). However, the disagreement would
@@ -485,7 +495,7 @@
<dd>Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using
public in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most
-articles about the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the
ideals
+articles about the system do not mention the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> or the ideals
that GNU stands for. <a
href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU Users Who Have Never
Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
@@ -493,7 +503,7 @@
The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection
-of <a href="#tools">“tools”</a>, or a project to
develop tools.</p>
+of <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="#tools">“tools”</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“<a
href="#tools">tools</a>,”</em></ins></span> or a project to
develop tools.</p>
<p>
The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another
common misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing
@@ -509,8 +519,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others.
Most people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
-“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
-it was intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> that it
was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
+it was intended to be “open <span
class="removed"><del><strong>source”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>source.”</em></ins></span> If you don't tell
them, who <span class="removed"><del><strong>will?</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>will?</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -539,10 +550,10 @@
People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they
hear about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They
may think that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they
-say “programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became
+say “programming <span
class="removed"><del><strong>tools”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools,”</em></ins></span> since some of our
programming tools became
popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an
operating
system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that
-operating system is labeled “Linux”.
+operating system is labeled <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the project
to develop the GNU system. (See <a
@@ -571,7 +582,7 @@
programs.</p>
<p>
To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” to
-mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. The
+mean <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“kernel.”</em></ins></span> Both uses of
the term go back many years. The
use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found in
a number of
textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time,
in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
all
@@ -582,12 +593,12 @@
Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating system”
they are using “operating system” in the same sense we use: they
mean
the whole collection of programs. If that's what you are referring
-to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean just the kernel, then
+to, please call it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> If
you mean just the kernel, then
“Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
“kernel” also to
avoid ambiguity about which body of software you mean.</p>
<p>
If you prefer to use some other term such as “system distribution”
for
-the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating system”,
+the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system,”</em></ins></span>
that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux system
distributions.</p>
</dd>
@@ -639,8 +650,8 @@
<dd>
The people who argue that way for calling the system
“Linux” are using a double standard. An operating system
-requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much more
-— hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
+requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much
+more—hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
system be “Linux”?
@@ -661,7 +672,8 @@
<dd>
Many <a href="/distros/distros.html"> packaged and installable
versions of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
-“GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but GNU
is what they basically are.
<p>
We expected to release the GNU system packaged for installation, but
@@ -688,7 +700,8 @@
<p>
We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
-“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but that
doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
GNU is an operating system.</p>
</dd>
@@ -698,11 +711,11 @@
<dd>
That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
-than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating system
is
+than the misuse of the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Normally an
operating system is
developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a
name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a
name of its own—instead, people say “the kernel of
such-and-such” or
-“the such-and-such kernel”.
+“the such-and-such <span
class="removed"><del><strong>kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>kernel.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression
“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning
“the kernel
@@ -727,11 +740,11 @@
How about recommending a shorter name? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long">#long</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words
“GNU”
-and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. People accept
“GNU/Linux”
+For a while we tried the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“LiGNUx”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“LiGNUx,”</em></ins></span> which
combines the words “GNU”
+and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> The reaction
was very bad. People accept “GNU/Linux”
much better.
<p>
-The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but
+The shortest legitimate name for this system is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but
we call it “GNU/Linux” <a href="#justgnu"> for the reasons
given below</a>.</p>
</dd>
@@ -756,7 +769,7 @@
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long2">#long2</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you
+<p>It only takes a second to say or type <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/.”</em></ins></span> If you
appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second
to recognize our work?</p>
</dd>
@@ -807,9 +820,9 @@
honorably and openly, rather than by trying to cut him out of the
credit for his contribution to the system.</li>
<li>
-Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say
“GNU” they
+Since many people know of the system as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> if we say
“GNU” they
may simply not recognize we're talking about the same system. If we
-say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to what they have heard
+say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> they
can make a connection to what they have heard
about.</li>
<span
class="removed"><del><strong></ul><p></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></ul></em></ins></span>
@@ -817,16 +830,16 @@
<dt id="trademarkfee">I would have
to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
that
- would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use
“GNU”
- without “Linux”, to save the fee? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
+ would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it wrong if I use “GNU”
+ without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to save the
fee? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically,
that's
what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit
as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing
so.
<p>
-So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid
paying
-the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you.</p>
+So if you want to refer to the system simply as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> to avoid paying
+the fee for calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> we won't
criticize you.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="many">Many other projects contributed to
@@ -856,7 +869,7 @@
<p>
Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for
the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness
-and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
“Linux”.
+and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution
(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU).</p>
</dd>
@@ -870,7 +883,7 @@
systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd
-by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing
+by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing
wrong with doing so.</p>
</dd>
@@ -895,7 +908,7 @@
In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the
“main” repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux made up 1.5%. So the same argument would apply even more
-strongly to calling it “Linux”.
+strongly to calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an
@@ -932,7 +945,7 @@
<dd>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” the
-word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean either
“GNU's version of
+word “GNU” modifies <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> This can mean
either “GNU's version of
Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those
meanings
fits the situation at hand.
<p>
@@ -945,23 +958,24 @@
The free GNU/Linux distros do have
a <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">separate</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre">separate</em></ins></span>
version of
Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
-firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project,
+firmware <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“blobs”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“blobs.”</em></ins></span> If this were
part of the GNU Project,
it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want
to call it that, because it would be too confusing.</p>
<p>
We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system,
distinguished by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the
situation because it means “combination.” (Think of
-“Input/Output”.) This system is the combination of GNU
-and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Input/Output”.)</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Input/Output.”)</em></ins></span>
This system is the combination of GNU
+and Linux; hence, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-There are other ways to express “combination”. If you
+There are other ways to express <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“combination”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“combination.”</em></ins></span>
If you
think that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a
-hyphen is clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes
-say “GNU con Linux”.</p>
+hyphen is clear: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU-Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU-Linux.”</em></ins></span> In
Spanish, we sometimes
+say “GNU con <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="pronounce">How is the name
“GNU/Linux”
+<dt id="pronounce">How is the name “GNU/Linux”
pronounced? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#pronounce">#pronounce</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
@@ -977,16 +991,16 @@
<dd>
<p>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
-Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”.
+Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.”
That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a
GNU package.</p>
<p>
“GNU/Emacs” would mean the combination of GNU, the
operating system, and the program Emacs. That doesn't fit this
-program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to it.</p>
+program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to
it.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
+<dt id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
than “Linux/GNU”? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#whyorder">#whyorder</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -998,13 +1012,13 @@
In addition, “GNU/Linux” fits the fact that Linux is the
lowest level of the system and GNU fills technically higher levels.</p>
<p>
-However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a
lot
+However, if you prefer to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux/GNU”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux/GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
is a lot
better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and
make it seem that the whole system is Linux.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames0">#distronames0</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1033,9 +1047,10 @@
anything but “Foobar Linux”? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames1">#distronames1</a>)</span></dt>
<dd><p>When they spread misinformation by changing
“GNU”
-to “Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar
-Linux”, it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by
-calling it “Foobar GNU/Linux”.</p></dd>
+to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and call their
version of it “Foobar
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> it's proper
for you to correct the misinformation by
+calling it “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/Linux”.</p></dd></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux.”</p></dd></em></ins></span>
<dt id="companies">Wouldn't it be more
effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to
@@ -1056,7 +1071,7 @@
just because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence
at your disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together
we can change the situation to the point where companies will make
-more profit calling it “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+more profit calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="reserve">Wouldn't it be better to
@@ -1067,7 +1082,7 @@
The widespread practice of adding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software to the GNU/Linux
system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users
that <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software is ok, and that
using it is part of the spirit
-of “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
their mission to
+of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Many
“Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission to
help users use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> add-ons, and may even
invite salesmen to come
and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping
the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
@@ -1090,7 +1105,8 @@
With this understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions
that include <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software as
perverted, adulterated versions of
GNU, instead of thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of
-Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the
system GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis
@@ -1130,8 +1146,9 @@
GNU Hurd to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)
<p>
If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
-“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU
system
-and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system
+and labeling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> That wasn't
right, and we don't
want to act like that.</p>
</dd>
@@ -1150,7 +1167,7 @@
<p>
The people who had made the changes showed little interest in
cooperating with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care
-about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”.
+about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux <span
class="removed"><del><strong>user”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>user.”</em></ins></span>
That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to
other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their
changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
@@ -1158,7 +1175,7 @@
only) group that was unwilling to work with us.</p>
<p>
It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
-version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was
+version of the GNU system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and that this
confusion was
obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is
our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the
“Linux” misnomer.</p>
@@ -1177,8 +1194,8 @@
convention be applied to all programs that are GPL'ed? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#allgpled">#allgpled</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-We never refer to individual programs as
“GNU/<i>name</i>”. When a program
-is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>”.
+We never refer to individual programs as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/<i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/<i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
When a program
+is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong><i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs.
Some of the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or
@@ -1231,15 +1248,17 @@
<p>
No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from
-Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this,
+Unix. The name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> which stands for
“GNU's Not
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> is a humorous
way of giving credit to Unix for this,
following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the
70s.</p>
<p>
The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
-TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO.”</em></ins></span> The author of
TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of
-calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
TECO”, he
+calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO,”</em></ins></span> he
thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking
means: <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</em></ins></span>
cleverness</a>.)</p>
@@ -1249,7 +1268,7 @@
program that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its
name was “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name,
such
as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
spirit we called our
-replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”.</p>
+replacement for Unix “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to
give it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar
@@ -1257,7 +1276,8 @@
threatened to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is
why each of the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary,
like Unix) had a completely different name that didn't include
-“Unix”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Unix”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="bsd">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
@@ -1288,7 +1308,7 @@
why the name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it.</p>
<p>
There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
-developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
+developers call it “Debian <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/NetBSD”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/NetBSD,”</em></ins></span> but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just
the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the system
is the same as the GNU/Linux system.</p>
@@ -1299,7 +1319,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
-Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of
GNU
+Not in the same sense that we mean by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> The
tools of GNU
are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU
system, and underneath them you would still have another complete
operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all,
@@ -1350,7 +1370,7 @@
the two have very little code in common. In fact, the only thing they
have in common is Linux.</p>
<p>
-If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”,
+If you call the whole GNU/Linux system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
you will find it necessary to say things like, “Android contains
Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux
[sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU system].”</p>
@@ -1371,7 +1391,7 @@
people will</em></ins></span> not <span class="inserted"><ins><em>understand
the intended meaning.
<p>
The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
-“using Linux”. It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
+“using Linux.” It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
saying you were conversing with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU
system does not have precise boundaries.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>person's intestines or the
person's circulatory system.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1381,7 +1401,7 @@
Linux” when it's really GNU/Linux,</em></ins></span> by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>a community. It includes far
more than just</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>way
of</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU software
packages (of which we have</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>usual
misunderstanding: thinking of the whole system as
-“Linux”.</p>
+“Linux.”</p>
<p>
Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as
different as driving</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>specific
@@ -1391,8 +1411,8 @@
fact</em></ins></span> that <span class="removed"><del><strong>yields
GNU/Linux.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>a car and a
bicycle both have a structure of metal is
irrelevant to using those two.</em></ins></span> If you <span
class="removed"><del><strong>use part</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>wish to talk about using cars
-and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”
-— not unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
+and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”—not
+unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
say, “using cars</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>omit part, there is
no meaningful</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>bikes.” Likewise, the clear</em></ins></span>
way to <span class="removed"><del><strong>say “how much” you
used.</p>
<p>
@@ -1445,7 +1465,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project
-or label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole
+or label it as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU.”</em></ins></span> When we talk
about the whole
system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>credit.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>credit.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1456,13 +1476,17 @@
agree that Linux is just the kernel? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#linusagreed">#linusagreed</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a
+href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
+earliest Linux release <span class="removed"><del><strong>notes
said, <a
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the
+href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01">
+“Most</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>notes</a> said:</p>
+<blockquote><p>
+Most</em></ins></span> of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are
under the
GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-for more info”</a>.</p>
+for more <span
class="removed"><del><strong>info”</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>info.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="finishhurd">Why not finish the GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU
system
@@ -1490,7 +1514,7 @@
This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
“society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
-name to use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but
+name to use. You can't make others say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> but
you can decide to call the system “GNU/Linux”
yourself—and by doing so, you will help educate <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1503,10 +1527,10 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect
pictures are being spread more or less by various people. If you call
-the system “GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's
true
+the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will help others learn the system's true
history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer
everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If
-only a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you
will
+only a few hundred people see you use the term <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will
have educated a substantial number of people with very little work.
And some of them will spread the correction to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1518,14 +1542,15 @@
<dd>
If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
-calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently.
+calling the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
uses your time inefficiently.
<p>
It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's
origin. But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others
whenever they talk about the system. They will probably just call it
-“Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread
the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
Without particularly intending to, they will help spread the
incorrect picture.</p>
<p>
It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and
@@ -1591,7 +1616,8 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="whynotsue">Why not sue people who call
@@ -1635,7 +1661,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="deserve">Since you failed to put
- something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
“GNU”,
+ something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span>
you deserve what happened; why are you complaining now? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#deserve">#deserve</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1661,7 +1687,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="somanyright">Since many people call
-it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
+it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> doesn't that
make it right? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1674,7 +1700,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
-includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking
+includes <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they will
recognize what you're talking
about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as
‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all <span
class="removed"><del><strong>understand.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>understand.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1755,7 +1781,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 10:37:07 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.nl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.nl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.67
retrieving revision 1.68
diff -u -b -r1.67 -r1.68
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.nl.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:07 -0000 1.67
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.68
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Justin van Steijn <jvs@fsfe.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Dutch\n"
@@ -36,10 +36,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "door Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Wanneer mensen merken dat we adviseren om het systeem, dat men meestal "
@@ -256,11 +265,22 @@
"</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Ik moet rechten afdragen wanneer ik “"
"Linux” gebruik in de naam van een product en dat geldt ook wanneer ik "
@@ -369,10 +389,19 @@
"GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">De ontwikkelaars van mijn distributie noemen het "
"“Foobar Linux”, maar dat zegt niets over waar het systeem uit "
@@ -623,9 +652,18 @@
"dwingt het systeem “GNU” te noemen?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Door geen vermeldingsplicht van GNU in de GNU GPL op te "
@@ -640,8 +678,15 @@
"heersende overtuiging in te gaan?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Doordat zoveel mensen het “Linux” "
@@ -824,6 +869,24 @@
"voorsprong."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -831,7 +894,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"De meeste mensen die het systeem “Linux” noemen hebben nooit "
"gehoord waarom dit niet de goede naam is. Ze zagen anderen het gebruiken en "
@@ -861,22 +924,46 @@
"\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Niet altijd—alleen wanneer je het over het hele systeem hebt. Wanneer "
"je het alleen over de kernel hebt moet je het wel “Linux” "
"noemen, de naam die de ontwikkelaar eraan heeft gegeven."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Wanneer mensen het geheel “Linux” noemen heeft dit dezelfde naam "
@@ -946,8 +1033,17 @@
"\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -1003,10 +1099,34 @@
"niet</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1065,10 +1185,23 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1079,11 +1212,22 @@
"Nog Nooit Van GNU Gehoord Hebben</a> legt dit verder uit."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"De mensen die met dit argument komen zijn waarschijnlijk computernerds die "
"andere nerds die ze kennen in gedachten hebben. Nerds kennen GNU meestal wel "
@@ -1117,11 +1261,23 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Wanneer de woorden die je gebruikt geen afspiegeling zijn van je kennis, "
"leer je anderen dus ook niks. De meeste mensen die gehoord hebben van het "
@@ -1179,14 +1335,31 @@
"\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Mensen die denken dat Linux een compleet besturingssysteem is, als ze al van "
"GNU horen, krijgen dan vaak het verkeerde idee wat betreft GNU. Ze kunnen "
@@ -1254,12 +1427,32 @@
"starten en stoppen van de programma's."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1276,11 +1469,28 @@
"gebruiken."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1294,10 +1504,20 @@
"het woord “kernel” om misverstanden uit te sluiten."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Wanneer je liever woorden als “systeemdistributie” gebruikt voor "
@@ -1406,9 +1626,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1437,9 +1657,18 @@
# Nieuw
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"Veel <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> ingepakte en installeerbare versies "
@@ -1494,9 +1723,17 @@
# Nieuw
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"We hebben nooit de laatste stap genomen om GNU onder de naam “"
@@ -1514,13 +1751,28 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Die gewoonte blijkt zeldzaam—we kunnen geen ander voorbeeld vinden dan "
"het verkeerd gebruik van de naam “Linux”. Meestal wordt een "
@@ -1578,9 +1830,18 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Een tijdje hebben we “LiGNUx” geprobeerd die de woorden “"
@@ -1588,8 +1849,16 @@
"Mensen zijn meer geneigd GNU/Linux te accepteren."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1640,8 +1909,16 @@
# Nieuw
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1757,10 +2034,21 @@
"erkenning die hij verdient."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Velen kennen het systeem als “Linux”, wanneer we “"
@@ -1768,10 +2056,23 @@
"Linux” gebruiken zullen ze het herkennen."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1792,9 +2093,17 @@
"maar je hoeft daarvoor niemand iets te betalen."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Dus wanneer je het systeem eenvoudigweg “GNU” wilt noemen om je "
"zo een afdracht te besparen wanneer je het “Linux” zou noemen, "
@@ -1852,12 +2161,25 @@
"en dat maakt ons ook niet uit."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"De naamgeving hangt dus af van de keuze van die grens. Maar éé"
"n naam kun je er, vanuit het oogpunt van erkenning, niet aan geven en dat is "
@@ -1892,7 +2214,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1939,11 +2261,21 @@
"\"#allsmall\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"In 2008 zagen we dat de GNU-pakketten 15% uitmaakten van de complete "
"gNewSense GNU/Linux distributie. Linux slechts 1,5%. Dit argument zou dus "
@@ -2006,9 +2338,21 @@
"\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -2035,9 +2379,10 @@
# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate-]
# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate+} version
# | of Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains
-# | non[---]free firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU
-# | Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not
-# | want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+# | non[---]free firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If
+# | this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU
+# | Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be
+# | too confusing.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
@@ -2051,7 +2396,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2064,11 +2409,24 @@
"Linux”; kunnen noemen maar dat wordt te verwarrend."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"We hebben het over een versie van GNU, het besturingssysteem, uitgevoerd met "
"Linux als kernel. Een schuine streep is hier dus van toepassing omdat dit de "
@@ -2076,11 +2434,22 @@
"is de combinatie van GNU en Linux; “GNU/Linux” dus."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Er zijn nog andere vormen om de “combinatie” aan te duiden. Als "
"je denkt dat een plusteken beter is, gebruik dat dan. In het Frans is een "
@@ -2134,7 +2503,7 @@
# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
# | [-Linux”-] {+Emacs”+} the word “GNU” modifies
# | [-“Linux”. This can mean either “GNU's version of
-# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs”. That is the right
+# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs.” That is the right
# | way to describe a program called Emacs+} which is a GNU [-package.”
# | Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand.-] {+package.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -2146,7 +2515,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Volgens de regels van de Engelse taal verandert het woord “GNU” "
@@ -2188,8 +2557,17 @@
"diepste niveau van het systeem is en GNU de technisch hogere niveaus vormt."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2199,8 +2577,19 @@
# Nieuw
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2268,11 +2657,22 @@
"\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} and call their version
+# | of it “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's proper for
+# | you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar
+# | [-GNU/Linux”.-] {+GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Als zij verkeerde informatie verspreiden door âGNUâ te veranderen in
âLinuxâ "
"en hun versie ervan “Foobar Linux” noemen, dan is het jouw goed "
@@ -2308,12 +2708,24 @@
"het kon het bedrijf niet schelen of het juist was of niet."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"We kunnen ze niet dwingen maar we zullen ook niet snel opgeven. Je zult "
"wellicht niet zoveel invloed hebben als een IBM of Red Hat maar je kunt nog "
@@ -2337,12 +2749,12 @@
# | The widespread practice of adding non[---]free software to the GNU/Linux
# | system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that
# | non[---]free software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
-# | “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
-# | their mission to help users use non[---]free add-ons, and may even invite
-# | salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such
-# | as “helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them
-# | use non[---]free applications and drivers), or making the system more
-# | popular even at the cost of freedom.
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use non[---]free
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use non[---]free applications and
+# | drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux "
@@ -2357,13 +2769,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"De veelgebruikte praktijk om niet-vrije software toe te voegen aan een GNU/"
"Linux-systeem is een groot probleem voor onze gemeenschap. Het leert "
@@ -2401,7 +2812,8 @@
# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include non[---]free
# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
-# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”.
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
@@ -2418,7 +2830,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Om bij gebruikers toch de boodschap van vrijheid over te laten komen moeten "
"we precies het tegenovergestelde doen: ze vertellen dat al deze systemen wel "
@@ -2521,11 +2933,22 @@
"(helaas is dat achterafpraterij)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Wanneer we nu een bestaande versie van GNU/Linux nemen en het hernoemen naar "
"“GNU”, zou dat net zoiets zijn als een GNU-systeem hernoemen "
@@ -2559,11 +2982,29 @@
"geïnstalleerd konden worden."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2579,9 +3020,22 @@
"werken."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2622,10 +3076,18 @@
"\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"We refereren nooit aan pakketten als “GNU/[naam]”. Als een "
"programma een GNU-pakket is noemen we het wel eens “GNU [naam]”."
@@ -2740,10 +3202,24 @@
"moest opnieuw worden geschreven."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2755,11 +3231,12 @@
"bewijst het daarmee alle eer die het toekomt."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”.
-# | The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were
-# | already many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a
-# | dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of
-# | a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
# | href=\"http{+s+}://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">playful
# | cleverness</a>.)
#, fuzzy
@@ -2772,10 +3249,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2787,13 +3264,28 @@
"stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">speelse slimmigheid</a>.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Andere hackers vonden dit zo leuk dat we deze aanpak imiteerden. Het werd "
"traditie om een programma, dat werd herschreven en gebaseerd was op iets "
@@ -2803,13 +3295,28 @@
"“GNU's Niet Unix”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Van oudsher verbood AT&T, de ontwikkelaar van Unix, eenieder om het eer "
"te bewijzen door de naam “Unix” te gebruiken in hierop "
@@ -2894,9 +3401,22 @@
"“GNU/Linux” veel toepasselijker."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2918,8 +3438,21 @@
"\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -3033,8 +3566,19 @@
# Nieuw
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -3073,7 +3617,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
@@ -3081,7 +3625,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -3091,7 +3635,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3193,11 +3737,22 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Klopt, daarom doen we het niet. Het werk van Torvalds is Linux, de kernel; "
"we vermijden zorgvuldig om dit bij het GNU-project te betrekken of het als "
@@ -3213,12 +3768,39 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
-# | said, <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-# | for more info”</a>.
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Hij kwam hier in het begin al mee. In de eerste Linux release notes stond "
+"al, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
+"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “De meeste hulpmiddelen die linux gebruikt zijn GNU "
+"programma's en vallen onder de GNU auteursplicht. Die programma's zitten "
+"niet in deze distributie - vraag mij (of GNU) voor meer informatie”</"
+"a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
@@ -3227,11 +3809,9 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Hij kwam hier in het begin al mee. In de eerste Linux release notes stond "
"al, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
@@ -3302,11 +3882,26 @@
# bewustwordingscampagne
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3330,13 +3925,32 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3360,10 +3974,20 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Wanneer je ons wil helpen door die verklaring te geven aan anderen dan "
"zullen we je inspanning waarderen maar het is niet de beste manier. Het is "
@@ -3371,12 +3995,28 @@
"noemen en ook minder economisch."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"Het is niet economisch omdat het misschien niet beklijft en de verklaring "
@@ -3512,9 +4152,16 @@
"\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Het zou fout zijn ze te dwingen dus dat proberen we ook niet. We noemen het "
"systeem “GNU/Linux” en vragen anderen dat ook te doen."
@@ -3619,9 +4266,19 @@
"het gaat."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3673,8 +4330,17 @@
"zijn, niet hadden getrotseerd."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3700,9 +4366,20 @@
# Nieuw
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.pl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.pl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.26
retrieving revision 1.27
diff -u -b -r1.26 -r1.27
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.pl-diff.html 31 Aug 2021 10:37:08 -0000 1.26
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.pl-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.27
@@ -12,30 +12,35 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>GNU/Linux FAQ
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU/Linux <span class="removed"><del><strong>FAQ
by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>FAQ</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2>
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-<div class="announcement">
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>, our
page on <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
-</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-
+</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
<p>
When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a
-system that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions.
+system that many others call just <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they ask many
questions.
Here are common questions, and our answers.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="toc">
+<div class="toc">
<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3></em></ins></span>
<ul>
@@ -130,8 +135,8 @@
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#trademarkfee"
id="TOCtrademarkfee">I</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#trademarkfee">I</em></ins></span> would
have to pay a
fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
- that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it
- wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to
+ that would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it
+ wrong if I use “GNU” without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to
save the fee?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#many"
id="TOCmany">Many</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#many">Many</em></ins></span> other projects
contributed to the
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@
rather than “Linux/GNU”?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#distronames0"
id="TOCdistronames0">My</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#distronames0">My</em></ins></span> distro's
developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like?</a></li>
@@ -281,14 +286,16 @@
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#deserve"
id="TOCdeserve">Since</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#deserve">Since</em></ins></span> you failed
to put
something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
- “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> you
deserve what happened; why are you
complaining now?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#contradict"
id="TOCcontradict">Wouldn't</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#contradict">Wouldn't</em></ins></span> you
be better off
not contradicting what so many people believe?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#somanyright"
id="TOCsomanyright">Since</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#somanyright">Since</em></ins></span> many
people call it
- “Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
<li><a <span class="removed"><del><strong>href="#knownname"
id="TOCknownname">Isn't</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="#knownname">Isn't</em></ins></span> it
better to call the
system by the name most users already know?</a></li>
@@ -377,7 +384,7 @@
the system's history was such as to fit that name. For
instance, they often believe its development was started by Linus
Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends to reinforce the idea
-that the system should be called “Linux”.</p>
+that the system should be called <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to
justify the name they are accustomed to using.</p>
@@ -388,14 +395,16 @@
<dd>
Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
-“Linux”, the name its developer chose.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> the
name its developer chose.
<p>
-When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence
+When people call the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> as a
consequence
they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel.
This causes many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell
whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole system.
-By calling the whole system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel
-“Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity.</p>
+By calling the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
calling the kernel
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
avoid the ambiguity.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="linuxalone">Would Linux have
@@ -425,7 +434,7 @@
community if you did not divide people with this request? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#divide">#divide</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing people.
We
+When we ask people to say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> we
are not dividing people. We
are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating
system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
<p>
@@ -453,7 +462,8 @@
The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of
attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community.
People who value freedom are more likely to call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and people who learn that the system is
“GNU/Linux” are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are
more likely to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for
freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for the system
makes a real difference for society). However, the disagreement would
@@ -482,7 +492,7 @@
<dd>Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using
public in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most
-articles about the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the
ideals
+articles about the system do not mention the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> or the ideals
that GNU stands for. <a
href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU Users Who Have Never
Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
@@ -490,7 +500,7 @@
The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection
-of <a href="#tools">“tools”</a>, or a project to
develop tools.</p>
+of <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="#tools">“tools”</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“<a
href="#tools">tools</a>,”</em></ins></span> or a project to
develop tools.</p>
<p>
The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another
common misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing
@@ -506,8 +516,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others.
Most people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
-“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
-it was intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> that it
was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
+it was intended to be “open <span
class="removed"><del><strong>source”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>source.”</em></ins></span> If you don't tell
them, who <span class="removed"><del><strong>will?</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>will?</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -536,10 +547,10 @@
People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they
hear about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They
may think that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they
-say “programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became
+say “programming <span
class="removed"><del><strong>tools”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools,”</em></ins></span> since some of our
programming tools became
popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an
operating
system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that
-operating system is labeled “Linux”.
+operating system is labeled <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the project
to develop the GNU system. (See <a
@@ -568,7 +579,7 @@
programs.</p>
<p>
To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” to
-mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. The
+mean <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“kernel.”</em></ins></span> Both uses of
the term go back many years. The
use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found in
a number of
textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time,
in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
all
@@ -579,12 +590,12 @@
Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating system”
they are using “operating system” in the same sense we use: they
mean
the whole collection of programs. If that's what you are referring
-to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean just the kernel, then
+to, please call it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> If
you mean just the kernel, then
“Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
“kernel” also to
avoid ambiguity about which body of software you mean.</p>
<p>
If you prefer to use some other term such as “system distribution”
for
-the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating system”,
+the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system,”</em></ins></span>
that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux system
distributions.</p>
</dd>
@@ -636,8 +647,8 @@
<dd>
The people who argue that way for calling the system
“Linux” are using a double standard. An operating system
-requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much more
-— hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
+requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much
+more—hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
system be “Linux”?
@@ -658,7 +669,8 @@
<dd>
Many <a href="/distros/distros.html"> packaged and installable
versions of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
-“GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but GNU
is what they basically are.
<p>
We expected to release the GNU system packaged for installation, but
@@ -685,7 +697,8 @@
<p>
We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
-“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but that
doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
GNU is an operating system.</p>
</dd>
@@ -695,11 +708,11 @@
<dd>
That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
-than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating system
is
+than the misuse of the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Normally an
operating system is
developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a
name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a
name of its own—instead, people say “the kernel of
such-and-such” or
-“the such-and-such kernel”.
+“the such-and-such <span
class="removed"><del><strong>kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>kernel.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression
“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning
“the kernel
@@ -724,11 +737,11 @@
How about recommending a shorter name? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long">#long</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words
“GNU”
-and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. People accept
“GNU/Linux”
+For a while we tried the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“LiGNUx”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“LiGNUx,”</em></ins></span> which
combines the words “GNU”
+and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> The reaction
was very bad. People accept “GNU/Linux”
much better.
<p>
-The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but
+The shortest legitimate name for this system is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but
we call it “GNU/Linux” <a href="#justgnu"> for the reasons
given below</a>.</p>
</dd>
@@ -753,7 +766,7 @@
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long2">#long2</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you
+<p>It only takes a second to say or type <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/.”</em></ins></span> If you
appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second
to recognize our work?</p>
</dd>
@@ -804,9 +817,9 @@
honorably and openly, rather than by trying to cut him out of the
credit for his contribution to the system.</li>
<li>
-Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say
“GNU” they
+Since many people know of the system as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> if we say
“GNU” they
may simply not recognize we're talking about the same system. If we
-say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to what they have heard
+say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> they
can make a connection to what they have heard
about.</li>
<span
class="removed"><del><strong></ul><p></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></ul></em></ins></span>
@@ -814,16 +827,16 @@
<dt id="trademarkfee">I would have
to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
that
- would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use
“GNU”
- without “Linux”, to save the fee? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
+ would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it wrong if I use “GNU”
+ without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to save the
fee? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically,
that's
what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit
as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing
so.
<p>
-So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid
paying
-the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you.</p>
+So if you want to refer to the system simply as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> to avoid paying
+the fee for calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> we won't
criticize you.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="many">Many other projects contributed to
@@ -853,7 +866,7 @@
<p>
Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for
the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness
-and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
“Linux”.
+and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution
(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU).</p>
</dd>
@@ -867,7 +880,7 @@
systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd
-by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing
+by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing
wrong with doing so.</p>
</dd>
@@ -892,7 +905,7 @@
In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the
“main” repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux made up 1.5%. So the same argument would apply even more
-strongly to calling it “Linux”.
+strongly to calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an
@@ -929,7 +942,7 @@
<dd>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” the
-word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean either
“GNU's version of
+word “GNU” modifies <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> This can mean
either “GNU's version of
Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those
meanings
fits the situation at hand.
<p>
@@ -942,23 +955,24 @@
The free GNU/Linux distros do have
a <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">separate</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre">separate</em></ins></span>
version of
Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
-firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project,
+firmware <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“blobs”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“blobs.”</em></ins></span> If this were
part of the GNU Project,
it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want
to call it that, because it would be too confusing.</p>
<p>
We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system,
distinguished by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the
situation because it means “combination.” (Think of
-“Input/Output”.) This system is the combination of GNU
-and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Input/Output”.)</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Input/Output.”)</em></ins></span>
This system is the combination of GNU
+and Linux; hence, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-There are other ways to express “combination”. If you
+There are other ways to express <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“combination”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“combination.”</em></ins></span>
If you
think that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a
-hyphen is clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes
-say “GNU con Linux”.</p>
+hyphen is clear: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU-Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU-Linux.”</em></ins></span> In
Spanish, we sometimes
+say “GNU con <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="pronounce">How is the name
“GNU/Linux”
+<dt id="pronounce">How is the name “GNU/Linux”
pronounced? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#pronounce">#pronounce</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
@@ -974,16 +988,16 @@
<dd>
<p>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
-Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”.
+Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.”
That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a
GNU package.</p>
<p>
“GNU/Emacs” would mean the combination of GNU, the
operating system, and the program Emacs. That doesn't fit this
-program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to it.</p>
+program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to
it.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
+<dt id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
than “Linux/GNU”? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#whyorder">#whyorder</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -995,13 +1009,13 @@
In addition, “GNU/Linux” fits the fact that Linux is the
lowest level of the system and GNU fills technically higher
levels.</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a
lot
+However, if you prefer to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux/GNU”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux/GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
is a lot
better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and
make it seem that the whole system is Linux.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames0">#distronames0</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1032,11 +1046,11 @@
<span class="removed"><del><strong><dd><p>If it's allowed for them
to change</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><dd><p>When they spread
misinformation by changing</em></ins></span> “GNU”
-to <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux”, and call their version
of it</em></ins></span> “Foobar
-Linux”, it's <span
class="removed"><del><strong>allowed</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>proper</em></ins></span> for you to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>change it back and
+to <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,” and call their version
of it</em></ins></span> “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> it's <span
class="removed"><del><strong>allowed</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>proper</em></ins></span> for you to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>change it back and
call</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>correct the
misinformation by
calling</em></ins></span> it “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/Linux”. This is what you ought to do,
-to avoid their error.</p></dd></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux”.</p></dd></em></ins></span>
+to avoid their error.</p></dd></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux.”</p></dd></em></ins></span>
<dt id="companies">Wouldn't it be more
effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to
@@ -1057,7 +1071,7 @@
just because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence
at your disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together
we can change the situation to the point where companies will make
-more profit calling it “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+more profit calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="reserve">Wouldn't it be better to
@@ -1068,7 +1082,7 @@
The widespread practice of adding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software to the GNU/Linux
system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users
that <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software is ok, and that
using it is part of the spirit
-of “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
their mission to
+of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Many
“Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission to
help users use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> add-ons, and may even
invite salesmen to come
and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping
the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
@@ -1091,7 +1105,8 @@
With this understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions
that include <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software as
perverted, adulterated versions of
GNU, instead of thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of
-Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the
system GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis
@@ -1131,8 +1146,9 @@
GNU Hurd to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)
<p>
If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
-“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU
system
-and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system
+and labeling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> That wasn't
right, and we don't
want to act like that.</p>
</dd>
@@ -1151,7 +1167,7 @@
<p>
The people who had made the changes showed little interest in
cooperating with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care
-about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”.
+about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux <span
class="removed"><del><strong>user”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>user.”</em></ins></span>
That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to
other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their
changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
@@ -1159,7 +1175,7 @@
only) group that was unwilling to work with us.</p>
<p>
It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
-version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was
+version of the GNU system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and that this
confusion was
obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is
our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the
“Linux” misnomer.</p>
@@ -1178,8 +1194,8 @@
convention be applied to all programs that are GPL'ed? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#allgpled">#allgpled</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-We never refer to individual programs as
“GNU/<i>name</i>”. When a program
-is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>”.
+We never refer to individual programs as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/<i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/<i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
When a program
+is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong><i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs.
Some of the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or
@@ -1232,15 +1248,17 @@
<p>
No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from
-Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this,
+Unix. The name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> which stands for
“GNU's Not
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> is a humorous
way of giving credit to Unix for this,
following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the
70s.</p>
<p>
The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
-TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO.”</em></ins></span> The author of
TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of
-calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
TECO”, he
+calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO,”</em></ins></span> he
thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking
means: <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</em></ins></span>
cleverness</a>.)</p>
@@ -1250,7 +1268,7 @@
program that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its
name was “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name,
such
as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
spirit we called our
-replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”.</p>
+replacement for Unix “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to
give it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar
@@ -1258,7 +1276,8 @@
threatened to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is
why each of the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary,
like Unix) had a completely different name that didn't include
-“Unix”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Unix”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="bsd">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
@@ -1289,7 +1308,7 @@
why the name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it.</p>
<p>
There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
-developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
+developers call it “Debian <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/NetBSD”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/NetBSD,”</em></ins></span> but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just
the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the system
is the same as the GNU/Linux system.</p>
@@ -1300,7 +1319,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
-Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of
GNU
+Not in the same sense that we mean by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> The
tools of GNU
are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU
system, and underneath them you would still have another complete
operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all,
@@ -1351,7 +1370,7 @@
the two have very little code in common. In fact, the only thing they
have in common is Linux.</p>
<p>
-If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”,
+If you call the whole GNU/Linux system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
you will find it necessary to say things like, “Android contains
Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux
[sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU system].”</p>
@@ -1372,7 +1391,7 @@
people will</em></ins></span> not <span class="inserted"><ins><em>understand
the intended meaning.
<p>
The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
-“using Linux”. It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
+“using Linux.” It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
saying you were conversing with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU
system does not have precise boundaries.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>person's intestines or the
person's circulatory system.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1382,7 +1401,7 @@
Linux” when it's really GNU/Linux,</em></ins></span> by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>a community. It includes far
more than just</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>way
of</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU software
packages (of which we have</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>usual
misunderstanding: thinking of the whole system as
-“Linux”.</p>
+“Linux.”</p>
<p>
Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as
different as driving</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>specific
@@ -1392,8 +1411,8 @@
fact</em></ins></span> that <span class="removed"><del><strong>yields
GNU/Linux.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>a car and a
bicycle both have a structure of metal is
irrelevant to using those two.</em></ins></span> If you <span
class="removed"><del><strong>use part</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>wish to talk about using cars
-and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”
-— not unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
+and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”—not
+unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
say, “using cars</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>omit part, there is
no meaningful</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>bikes.” Likewise, the clear</em></ins></span>
way to <span class="removed"><del><strong>say “how much” you
used.</p>
<p>
@@ -1446,7 +1465,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project
-or label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole
+or label it as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU.”</em></ins></span> When we talk
about the whole
system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>credit.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>credit.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1457,13 +1476,17 @@
agree that Linux is just the kernel? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#linusagreed">#linusagreed</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a
+href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
+earliest Linux release <span class="removed"><del><strong>notes
said, <a
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the
+href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01">
+“Most</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>notes</a> said:</p>
+<blockquote><p>
+Most</em></ins></span> of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are
under the
GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-for more info”</a>.</p>
+for more <span
class="removed"><del><strong>info”</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>info.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="finishhurd">Why not finish the GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU
system
@@ -1491,7 +1514,7 @@
This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
“society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
-name to use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but
+name to use. You can't make others say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> but
you can decide to call the system “GNU/Linux”
yourself—and by doing so, you will help educate <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1504,10 +1527,10 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect
pictures are being spread more or less by various people. If you call
-the system “GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's
true
+the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will help others learn the system's true
history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer
everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If
-only a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you
will
+only a few hundred people see you use the term <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will
have educated a substantial number of people with very little work.
And some of them will spread the correction to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1519,14 +1542,15 @@
<dd>
If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
-calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently.
+calling the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
uses your time inefficiently.
<p>
It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's
origin. But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others
whenever they talk about the system. They will probably just call it
-“Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread
the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
Without particularly intending to, they will help spread the
incorrect picture.</p>
<p>
It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and
@@ -1592,7 +1616,8 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="whynotsue">Why not sue people who call
@@ -1636,7 +1661,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="deserve">Since you failed to put
- something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
“GNU”,
+ something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span>
you deserve what happened; why are you complaining now? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#deserve">#deserve</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1662,7 +1687,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="somanyright">Since many people call
-it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
+it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> doesn't that
make it right? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1675,7 +1700,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
-includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking
+includes <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they will
recognize what you're talking
about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as
‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all <span
class="removed"><del><strong>understand.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>understand.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1756,7 +1781,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 10:37:08 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.pl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.pl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.88
retrieving revision 1.89
diff -u -b -r1.88 -r1.89
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.pl.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:08 -0000 1.88
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.89
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-02-16 21:20-0600\n"
"Last-Translator: Jan Owoc <jsowoc AT gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Polish <www-pl-trans@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -37,10 +37,19 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Gdy ludzie zauważajÄ
, że używamy i zalecamy używanie nazwy
GNU/"
@@ -255,11 +264,22 @@
"byÅoby bÅÄdem nazwanie systemu po prostu „GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">MusiaÅbym uiÅciÄ opÅatÄ, gdybym chciaÅ użyÄ
sÅowa "
"„Linux” w nazwie swojego produktu; odnosi siÄ to również "
@@ -371,10 +391,19 @@
"Linux/GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">Deweloperzy mojej dystrybucji nazywajÄ
jÄ
„"
"Foobar Linux”, ale to nic nie mówi o zawartoÅci systemu.
Dlaczego "
@@ -635,9 +664,18 @@
"</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Skoro nie umieÅciliÅcie w licencji GNU GPL punktu
"
@@ -653,8 +691,15 @@
"gdybyÅcie nie sprzeciwiali siÄ temu, w co wierzy tylu ludzi?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Skoro tylu ludzi używa nazwy „Linux”, "
@@ -840,6 +885,24 @@
"siÄ rozprzestrzeniÄ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -847,7 +910,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"WiÄkszoÅÄ ludzi nazywajÄ
cych ten system „Linux” nigdy nie "
"sÅyszaÅa, czemu to nie jest wÅaÅciwe. Widzieli innych ludzi używajÄ
cych
tej "
@@ -877,22 +940,46 @@
"\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Nie zawsze – tylko wtedy, kiedy mówicie o caÅym systemie. Kiedy "
"chodzi wam konkretnie o jÄ
dro, powinniÅcie nazywaÄ je „Linux”,
"
"tak jak nazwaÅ je jego autor."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Kiedy ludzie nazywajÄ
caÅy system „Linuksem”, w rezultacie
"
@@ -965,8 +1052,17 @@
"\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -1025,10 +1121,34 @@
"jest lepszy niż Open Source”</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1087,10 +1207,23 @@
"\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1102,11 +1235,22 @@
"zagadnienie."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"Ludzie, którzy tak twierdzÄ
, to prawdopodobnie geekowie (komputerowi "
"maniacy) majÄ
cy na myÅli geeków, których znajÄ
. Geekowie czÄsto
wiedzÄ
"
@@ -1140,11 +1284,23 @@
"href=\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"JeÅli Wasze sÅowa nie odzwierciedlajÄ
Waszej wiedzy, nie uczycie innych "
"ludzi. WiÄkszoÅÄ ludzi, która sÅyszaÅa o GNU/Linuksie jako o systemie
myÅli, "
@@ -1204,14 +1360,31 @@
"\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Gdy ludzie, którzy uważajÄ
że Linux to caÅy system operacyjny, "
"jeżeli w ogóle usÅyszÄ
o projekcje GNU, czÄsto majÄ
bÅÄdne
wyobrażenie "
@@ -1280,12 +1453,32 @@
"programów."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1302,11 +1495,28 @@
"używamy terminu „system operacyjny” w ten sam sposób."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1321,10 +1531,20 @@
"czÄÅÄ oprogramowania wam chodzi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Jeżeli wolicie używaÄ jakiegoÅ innego terminu, takiego jak „"
@@ -1436,9 +1656,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1465,9 +1685,18 @@
"(<a href=\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"Jest dostÄpne wiele <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">zapakowanych i "
@@ -1518,9 +1747,17 @@
"pakowanie znacznej czÄÅci systemu GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Nigdy nie podjÄliÅmy tego ostatniego kroku pakujÄ
c GNU pod nazwÄ
„"
@@ -1538,13 +1775,28 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Taka praktyka wydaje siÄ bardzo rzadka–nie znajdujemy przykÅadów "
"innych niż bÅÄdne użycie nazwy „Linux”. Zazwyczaj system "
@@ -1602,9 +1854,18 @@
"href=\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Przez krótki czas próbowaliÅmy używaÄ nazwy \"LiGNUx\", która byÅa "
@@ -1613,8 +1874,16 @@
"GNU/Linux”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1654,8 +1923,16 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#long\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1769,10 +2046,21 @@
"do rozwoju systemu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Ponieważ wielu ludzi zna ten system operacyjny jako „"
@@ -1782,10 +2070,23 @@
"Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1807,9 +2108,17 @@
"obowiÄ
zku pÅaciÄ za przywilej wyrażenia swego uznania."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Zatem jeÅli żeby uniknÄ
Ä opÅat za nazywanie go „"
"Linuksem” chcecie okreÅlaÄ ten system po prostu jako „"
@@ -1871,12 +2180,25 @@
"wiÄc gdziekolwiek go ustawicie, nie bÄdziemy siÄ o to sprzeczaÄ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Różne poziomy progowania prowadziÅyby do różnych wyborów nazwy dla
"
"systemu. JedynÄ
nazwÄ
, która nie wynika z rozważaŠo
sprawiedliwoÅci "
@@ -1912,7 +2234,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1960,11 +2282,21 @@
"\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"W 2008 roku pakiety GNU stanowiÅy 15% „gÅównego” "
"repozytorium dystrybucji gNewSense GNU/Linux. Linux stanowiÅ 1,5%. Ten sam "
@@ -2030,9 +2362,21 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -2061,9 +2405,10 @@
# | [-href=\"http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux\";>separate-]
# | {+href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate+} version
# | of Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains
-# | non[---]free firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU
-# | Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not
-# | want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+# | non[---]free firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If
+# | this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU
+# | Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be
+# | too confusing.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
@@ -2077,7 +2422,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2091,11 +2436,24 @@
"mylÄ
ca."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Mówimy o wersji GNU, systemu operacyjnego, wyróżniajÄ
cej siÄ tym,
że "
"używa Linuksa jako jÄ
dra. UkoÅnik dobrze pasuje do tej sytuacji, "
@@ -2104,11 +2462,22 @@
"stÄ
d „GNU/Linux”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"SÄ
inne sposoby wyrażania „poÅÄ
czenia”.
Jeżeli myÅlicie, "
"że znak plusa jest bardziej oczywisty, używajcie go. W jÄzyku "
@@ -2162,7 +2531,7 @@
# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
# | [-Linux”-] {+Emacs”+} the word “GNU” modifies
# | [-“Linux”. This can mean either “GNU's version of
-# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs”. That is the right
+# | Linux” or “Linux,-] {+“Emacs.” That is the right
# | way to describe a program called Emacs+} which is a GNU [-package.”
# | Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand.-] {+package.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -2174,7 +2543,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Zgodnie z reguÅami jÄzyka angielskiego w konstrukcji „GNU "
@@ -2216,8 +2585,17 @@
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2227,8 +2605,19 @@
"system to Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2295,11 +2684,11 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | [-If it's allowed for them to change-]{+When they spread misinformation by
-# | changing+} “GNU” to “Linux”, {+and call their
-# | version of it “Foobar Linux”,+} it's [-allowed-] {+proper+}
-# | for you to [-change it back and call-] {+correct the misinformation by
-# | calling+} it “Foobar GNU/Linux”. [-This is what you ought to
-# | do, to avoid their error.-]
+# | changing+} “GNU” to [-“Linux”, it's allowed for
+# | you to change it back-] {+“Linux,”+} and call {+their version
+# | of+} it “Foobar [-GNU/Linux”. This is what-] {+Linux,”
+# | it's proper for+} you [-ought to do,-] to [-avoid their error.-] {+correct
+# | the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "If it's allowed for them to change “GNU” to “"
@@ -2308,9 +2697,9 @@
#| "error."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Jeżeli ludziom tworzÄ
cym dystrybucjÄ wolno zmieniÄ „GNU”
"
"na „Linux”, to wolno wam zrobiÄ to samo i nazwaÄ "
@@ -2350,12 +2739,24 @@
"sÅuszne."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Nie możemy ich zmieniÄ, ale nie jesteÅmy z tych, co siÄ poddajÄ
"
"tylko dlatego, że droga [do celu] nie jest Åatwa. Możecie nie mieÄ "
@@ -2379,12 +2780,12 @@
# | The widespread practice of adding non[---]free software to the GNU/Linux
# | system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that
# | non[---]free software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
-# | “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
-# | their mission to help users use non[---]free add-ons, and may even invite
-# | salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such
-# | as “helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them
-# | use non[---]free applications and drivers), or making the system more
-# | popular even at the cost of freedom.
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use non[---]free
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use non[---]free applications and
+# | drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The widespread practice of adding non-free software to the GNU/Linux "
@@ -2399,13 +2800,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"CzÄsto stosowana praktyka dodawania nie-wolnego oprogramowania do "
"systemu GNU/Linux jest poważnym problemem dla naszej wspólnoty. Uczy ona "
@@ -2445,7 +2845,8 @@
# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include non[---]free
# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
-# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”.
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
@@ -2462,7 +2863,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Sposób na to, żeby użytkownicy dostrzegli powiÄ
zanie systemu z "
"wolnoÅciÄ
jest dokÅadnie odwrotny: trzeba informowaÄ ich,
że wszystkie "
@@ -2568,11 +2969,22 @@
"wiedza po fakcie)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Jeżeli istniejÄ
cÄ
wersjÄ GNU/Linuksa przemianujemy na „"
"GNU”, wtedy byÅoby to coÅ w stylu zrobienia wersji systemu GNU "
@@ -2609,11 +3021,29 @@
"uporzÄ
dkowane przed ich doÅÄ
czeniem."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2629,9 +3059,22 @@
"nie chciaÅa z nami wspóÅpracowaÄ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2673,10 +3116,18 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Nigdy nie mówimy o poszczególnych programach jako „GNU/<i>nazwa</"
"i>”. JeÅli program jest pakietem GNU, możemy nazywaÄ go „GNU "
@@ -2797,10 +3248,24 @@
"musiaÅo byÄ napisane od nowa."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2812,11 +3277,12 @@
"lat 70."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”.
-# | The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were
-# | already many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a
-# | dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of
-# | a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
# | href=\"http{+s+}://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">playful
# | cleverness</a>.)
#, fuzzy
@@ -2829,10 +3295,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2845,13 +3311,28 @@
"zabawa</a>)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Nazwa spodobaÅa siÄ innym hakerom tak bardzo, że zaczÄliÅmy
naÅladowaÄ "
"ten zwyczaj. StaÅo siÄ tradycjÄ
, że gdy pisze siÄ od podstaw "
@@ -2863,13 +3344,28 @@
"Unix” („GNU to Nie Unix”)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"W przeszÅoÅci firma AT&T, która stworzyÅa Uniksa, nie chciaÅa,
by "
"ktokolwiek nawiÄ
zywaÅ do tej nazwy poprzez używanie sÅowa
„"
@@ -2958,9 +3454,22 @@
"dlatego nazwa „GNU/Linux” jest dla niego wÅaÅciwa."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2982,8 +3491,21 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -3093,8 +3615,19 @@
"jedynym wspólnym elementem jest Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -3132,7 +3665,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
@@ -3140,7 +3673,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -3150,7 +3683,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3253,11 +3786,22 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"To byÅoby nieuczciwe, dlatego tego nie robimy. Rezultatem pracy "
"Torvaldsa jest Linux, jÄ
dro. Staramy siÄ nie przypisywaÄ wyników pracy "
@@ -3275,12 +3819,13 @@
"\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-# | He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
-# | said, <a
-# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-# | for more info”</a>.
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
@@ -3289,11 +3834,35 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"PrzyznaÅ siÄ do tego na samym poczÄ
tku. Uwagi do wydania "
+"najwczeÅniejszego Linuksa mówiÅy, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> „WiÄkszoÅÄ narzÄdzi
"
+"używanym wraz z linuksem sÄ
oprogramowaniem GNU i sÄ
wydane "
+"na licencji GNU copyleft. Te narzÄdzia nie sÄ
w dystrybucji "
+"– aby dowiedzieÄ siÄ wiÄcej, zapytaj mnie (albo
GNU)”</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"PrzyznaÅ siÄ do tego na samym poczÄ
tku. Uwagi do wydania "
"najwczeÅniejszego Linuksa mówiÅy, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
@@ -3360,11 +3929,26 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3386,13 +3970,32 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3418,10 +4021,20 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Doceniamy Wasz wysiÅek jeżeli pomagacie nam wyjaÅniajÄ
c w ten "
"sposób kwestiÄ nazwy systemu, jednak to nie jest najlepsza metoda. Nie
"
@@ -3429,12 +4042,28 @@
"jest wydajna pod wzglÄdem czasowym."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"Nie jest efektywna, ponieważ wyjaÅnienie kwestii nazwy systemu może
nie "
@@ -3578,9 +4207,16 @@
"\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"ZÅym byÅoby zmuszanie ich do tego, czego nie robimy. Mówimy
„GNU/"
"Linux” na system i [jedynie] prosimy Was o czynienie tego "
@@ -3688,9 +4324,19 @@
"terminu „licencja BSD” bez wymieniana o którÄ
chodzi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3746,8 +4392,17 @@
"że oprogramowanie prawnie zastrzeżone jest wÅaÅciwe
i akceptowalne."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3770,9 +4425,20 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.58
retrieving revision 1.59
diff -u -b -r1.58 -r1.59
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.pot 31 Aug 2021 10:37:08 -0000 1.58
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.59
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
@@ -198,8 +198,8 @@
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use "
"“Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I "
-"say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"say “GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
+"Linux,” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
@@ -452,7 +452,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -606,16 +606,16 @@
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it "
-"“Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"“Linux,” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you "
+"“GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you "
"avoid the ambiguity."
msgstr ""
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -738,7 +738,7 @@
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -747,8 +747,8 @@
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
-"href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a "
+"href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -771,8 +771,8 @@
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is "
-"“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"“Linux,” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+"intended to be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -815,10 +815,10 @@
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
-"“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became "
+"“programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became "
"popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an "
"operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that "
-"operating system is labeled “Linux”."
+"operating system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -863,10 +863,10 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -877,7 +877,7 @@
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
-"“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+"“operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about "
"GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgstr ""
@@ -956,9 +956,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -984,7 +984,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
@@ -1018,7 +1018,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name "
-"“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is "
+"“GNU,” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is "
"an operating system."
msgstr ""
@@ -1033,11 +1033,11 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1074,14 +1074,14 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1190,17 +1190,17 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
"href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1214,8 +1214,8 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1257,10 +1257,9 @@
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is "
-"“Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one "
-"secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution "
-"(GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1275,7 +1274,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing "
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing "
"so."
msgstr ""
@@ -1313,7 +1312,7 @@
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it "
-"“Linux”."
+"“Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1358,7 +1357,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1377,25 +1376,25 @@
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a "
"href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate version of "
"Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains nonfree "
-"firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project, it "
-"could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want to call "
-"it that, because it would be too confusing."
+"firmware “blobs.” If this were part of the GNU Project, it could "
+"be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want to call it "
+"that, because it would be too confusing."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1421,7 +1420,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
@@ -1453,14 +1452,14 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
"href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -1507,9 +1506,9 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to "
-"“Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling "
-"it “Foobar GNU/Linux”."
+"“Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar "
+"Linux,” it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling "
+"it “Foobar GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1538,7 +1537,7 @@
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1554,7 +1553,7 @@
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of "
-"“Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of "
+"“Linux.” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of "
"their mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite "
"salesmen to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as "
"“helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use "
@@ -1583,7 +1582,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1645,8 +1644,8 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
-"“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU "
-"system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't "
+"“GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU "
+"system and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't "
"want to act like that."
msgstr ""
@@ -1671,8 +1670,8 @@
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -1681,7 +1680,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -1709,9 +1708,8 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU "
-"<i>name</i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1788,17 +1786,17 @@
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a "
"href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
"cleverness</a>.)"
@@ -1811,7 +1809,7 @@
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
"“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as "
"“MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit "
-"we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1821,7 +1819,7 @@
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1871,7 +1869,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but "
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but "
"“GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an "
"entire system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of "
"the system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -1886,7 +1884,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -1960,7 +1958,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -1990,7 +1988,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as "
-"“using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+"“using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
"were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
"system."
msgstr ""
@@ -1999,7 +1997,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -2009,7 +2007,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of "
-"“riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games "
+"“riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games "
"with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” "
"Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say "
"“using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -2069,8 +2067,8 @@
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -2082,12 +2080,16 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a "
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a "
"href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
"
-"“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the "
-"GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for "
-"more info”</a>."
+"earliest Linux release notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -2126,7 +2128,7 @@
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -2142,10 +2144,10 @@
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+"“GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true "
"history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
"everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a "
-"few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will "
+"few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will "
"have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And "
"some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -2161,7 +2163,7 @@
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -2170,7 +2172,7 @@
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
@@ -2260,7 +2262,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -2319,7 +2321,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
"href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -2358,7 +2360,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
"href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -2377,7 +2379,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.26
retrieving revision 1.27
diff -u -b -r1.26 -r1.27
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.pt-br.po 5 Sep 2021 15:33:44 -0000 1.26
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.27
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-05 11:56-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1)\n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 40.0\n"
@@ -33,10 +34,15 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "por Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Quando as pessoas percebem que usamos e recomendamos o nome GNU/Linux para "
@@ -249,11 +255,17 @@
"incorreto chamar o sistema apenas de âGNUâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Eu teria que pagar uma taxa se eu usar âLinuxâ
no "
"nome de um produto, e isso também se aplicaria se eu disser âGNU/Linuxâ.
"
@@ -336,10 +348,15 @@
msgstr "<a href=\"#whyorder\">Por que âGNU/Linuxâ em vez de
âLinux/GNUâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">Os desenvolvedores da minha distro a chamam de "
"âFoobar Linuxâ, mas isso não diz nada sobre em que o sistema consiste.
Por "
@@ -589,9 +606,14 @@
"exigir que as pessoas chamem o sistema de âGNUâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Já que vocês falharam em colocar alguma coisa na GNU "
@@ -607,8 +629,12 @@
"tantas pessoas acreditam?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Já que muitas pessoas o chamam de âLinuxâ, isso
não "
@@ -779,6 +805,16 @@
"então, a confusão teve uma grande vantagem."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -786,7 +822,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"A maioria das pessoas que chamam o sistema de âLinuxâ nunca ouviu o
porquê "
"disso não estar correto. Eles viram outros usando esse nome e presumiram que
"
@@ -814,22 +850,35 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Não sempre – apenas quando você está falando sobre todo o sistema. "
"Quando você está se referindo especificamente ao kernel, você deve
chamá-lo "
"âLinuxâ, o nome que seu desenvolvedor escolheu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Quando as pessoas chamam todo o sistema de âLinuxâ, como consequência,
eles "
@@ -898,8 +947,13 @@
"\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -955,10 +1009,23 @@
"aberto não compartilha dos objetivos do software livre</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1015,10 +1082,17 @@
"(<a href=\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1029,11 +1103,17 @@
"\">Usuários do GNU que nunca ouviram falar do GNU</a> explica ainda mais."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"As pessoas que dizem isso provavelmente são <i>geeks</i> pensando nos "
"<i>geeks</i> que eles conhecem. Os <i>geeks</i> muitas vezes sabem sobre o "
@@ -1065,11 +1145,18 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Se suas palavras não refletem seu conhecimento, você não ensina aos
outros. "
"A maioria das pessoas que ouviram falar do sistema GNU/Linux acham que é "
@@ -1125,14 +1212,23 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Pessoas que pensam que o Linux é um sistema operacional completo, se ouvem "
"sobre o GNU, muitas vezes ficam com uma ideia errada do que é o GNU. Eles "
@@ -1199,12 +1295,23 @@
"executados. O kernel também cuida de iniciar e parar outros programas."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1219,11 +1326,20 @@
"ao Unix, usamos o termo âsistema operacionalâ do mesmo jeito."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1236,10 +1352,16 @@
"ambiguidade sobre qual corpo de software você quer dizer."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Se você preferir usar algum outro termo, como âdistribuição de
sistemaâ para "
@@ -1333,12 +1455,20 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#nokernel\">#nokernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” "
+#| "are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, "
+#| "editors, window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of "
+#| "programs, even to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since "
+#| "Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the system be “"
+#| "Linux”?"
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
"As pessoas que argumentam dessa maneira ao chamar o sistema de âLinuxâ
estão "
"usando um padrão duplo. Um sistema operacional requer compiladores, "
@@ -1375,9 +1505,14 @@
"href=\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"Muitas <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> versões empacotadas e instaláveis
"
@@ -1429,9 +1564,14 @@
"GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Nós nunca demos o último passo de empacotar GNU sob o nome âGNUâ, mas
isso "
@@ -1448,13 +1588,21 @@
"href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Essa prática parece ser muito rara – não conseguimos encontrar outros
"
"exemplos além do uso indevido do nome âLinuxâ. Normalmente, um sistema "
@@ -1510,9 +1658,14 @@
"\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Por um tempo, tentamos o nome âLiGNUxâ, que combina as palavras âGNUâ
e "
@@ -1520,8 +1673,13 @@
"melhor."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1568,8 +1726,13 @@
"\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1676,10 +1839,16 @@
"sistema."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Como muitas pessoas conhecem o sistema como âLinuxâ, se dissermos
âGNUâ eles "
@@ -1688,10 +1857,17 @@
"falar."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1711,9 +1887,14 @@
"tem obrigação de pagar o privilégio de fazê-lo."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Então, se você quiser se referir ao sistema simplesmente como âGNUâ,
para "
"evitar pagar a taxa por chamá-lo âLinuxâ, não lhe criticaremos."
@@ -1774,12 +1955,19 @@
"discutiremos contra isso."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Diferentes nÃveis de limites levariam a diferentes opções de nome para o "
"sistema. Mas um nome que não pode resultar de preocupações de justiça e
de "
@@ -1798,11 +1986,18 @@
"id\">(<a href=\"#others\">#others</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the "
+#| "kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole "
+#| "(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing "
+#| "wrong with doing so."
msgid ""
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
"O systemd é um componente bastante importante, mas não tão importante
quanto "
"o kernel (Linux), nem tão importante quanto a base do sistema como um todo "
@@ -1853,11 +2048,17 @@
"\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Em 2008, descobrimos que os pacotes GNU representavam 15% do repositório "
"âmainâ da distribuição gNewSense GNU/Linux. O Linux constituiu 1,5%.
Então, "
@@ -1920,9 +2121,16 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1944,11 +2152,20 @@
"significado de âLinux, que é um pacote GNUâ não está certo."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+#| "free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
+#| "Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
+#| "standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. "
+#| "If this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
+#| "Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be "
+#| "too confusing."
msgid ""
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -1961,11 +2178,18 @@
"seria muito confuso."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Estamos falando de uma versão do GNU, o sistema operacional, distinguido por
"
"ter o Linux como kernel. Uma barra se encaixa na situação, porque isso "
@@ -1973,11 +2197,17 @@
"combinação de GNU e Linux; daÃ, âGNU/Linuxâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Existem outras formas de expressar âcombinaçãoâ. Se você acha que um
sinal "
"de mais é mais claro, use isso. Em francês, um hÃfen é claro:
âGNU-Linuxâ. "
@@ -2011,9 +2241,15 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whynoslash\">#whynoslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. "
+#| "That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU "
+#| "package."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Seguindo as regras do inglês, na construção âGNU Emacsâ a palavra
âGNUâ "
@@ -2057,8 +2293,13 @@
"sistema e que o GNU preenche nÃveis tecnicamente mais altos."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2067,8 +2308,14 @@
"fazer parecer que todo o sistema é o Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2132,11 +2379,17 @@
"id\">(<a href=\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Quando elas espalham a desinformação mudando âGNUâ para âLinuxâ e
chamam a "
"sua versão de âFoobar Linuxâ, é apropriado você corrigir a
desinformação ao "
@@ -2173,12 +2426,19 @@
"importava com o que estava certo."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Não podemos forçá-los a corrigir isso, mas não somos o tipo de desistir
só "
"porque a estrada não é fácil. Você pode não ter tanta influência à sua
"
@@ -2198,16 +2458,26 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#reserve\">#reserve</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux "
+#| "system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that "
+#| "nonfree software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
+#| "Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
+#| "mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen "
+#| "to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
+#| "helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
+#| "applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
+#| "cost of freedom."
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"A prática generalizada de adicionar software não livre ao sistema GNU/Linux
"
"é um grande problema para nossa comunidade. Ele ensina aos usuários que o "
@@ -2238,6 +2508,15 @@
"que nunca pensaram que estes sistemas eram o GNU em primeiro lugar."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
+#| "the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+#| "versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+#| "specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this "
+#| "understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions that include "
+#| "nonfree software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of "
+#| "thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
msgid ""
"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
@@ -2245,7 +2524,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"A maneira de liderar esses usuários para ver uma conexão com a liberdade é
"
"exatamente o oposto: informá-los de que todas essas versões do sistema "
@@ -2340,11 +2619,17 @@
"isso é passado.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Se nós tomássemos uma versão existente do GNU/Linux e rotulássemos-a como
"
"âGNUâ, isso seria um pouco como fazer uma versão do sistema GNU e "
@@ -2378,11 +2663,21 @@
"limpadas para instalação."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2397,9 +2692,16 @@
"que não estava disposto a trabalhar conosco."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2440,10 +2742,14 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Nunca nos referimos a programas individuais como âGNU/<i>nome</i>â.
Quando "
"um programa é um pacote GNU, podemos chamá-lo de âGNU <i>nome</i>â."
@@ -2556,10 +2862,18 @@
"que ser escrito novamente."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2570,11 +2884,20 @@
"uma tradição hacker de siglas recursivas que começaram na década de 70."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not "
+#| "TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO "
+#| "(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of "
+#| "calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> "
+#| "TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking "
+#| "means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2587,13 +2910,21 @@
"hacking.html\">inteligência brincalhona</a>.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Outros hackers gostaram tanto do nome que imitamos a abordagem. Tornou-se "
"uma tradição que, ao escrever do zero um programa que era semelhante a
algum "
@@ -2603,13 +2934,21 @@
"<cite>âGNU's Not Unixâ</cite>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Historicamente, a AT&T, que desenvolveu o Unix, não queria que ninguém "
"lhe desse crédito usando o âUnixâ em nome de um sistema similar, nem
mesmo "
@@ -2683,9 +3022,16 @@
"âGNU/Linuxâ é apropriado para isso."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2707,8 +3053,15 @@
"href=\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2817,8 +3170,14 @@
"é o Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2861,9 +3220,15 @@
"significado pretendido."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"O público achará muito estranho falar do uso do Android como âusando o "
@@ -2871,23 +3236,39 @@
"com os intestinos da pessoa ou com o sistema circulatório da pessoa."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"O público <em>vai</em> entender a ideia de âusando o Linuxâ quando é "
"realmente GNU/Linux, por meio do mal-entendido usual: pensar em todo o "
"sistema como âLinuxâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -2980,11 +3361,17 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#claimlinux\">#claimlinux</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Seria errado, então não fazemos isso. O trabalho de Torvalds é o Linux, o "
"kernel; temos o cuidado de não atribuir esse trabalho ao Projeto GNU ou "
@@ -3000,12 +3387,36 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Ele reconheceu isso no inÃcio. As primeiras notas de lançamento do Linux "
+"disseram: <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+"versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> âA maioria das ferramentas usadas com linux é "
+"software GNU e está sob o copyleft do GNU. Essas ferramentas não estão na "
+"distribuição - pergunte-me (ou ao GNU) para mais informaçõesâ</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Ele reconheceu isso no inÃcio. As primeiras notas de lançamento do Linux "
"disseram: <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
@@ -3056,11 +3467,19 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3081,13 +3500,23 @@
"href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3111,22 +3540,37 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Se você nos ajudar, explicando aos outros dessa maneira, agradecemos seu "
"esforço, mas esse não é o melhor método. Não é tão eficaz quanto
chamar o "
"sistema de âGNU/Linuxâ, e usa seu tempo de forma ineficiente."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"à ineficaz porque pode não ser assimilado, e certamente não se propagará.
"
@@ -3262,9 +3706,13 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#force\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Seria errado forçá-los, e não tentamos. Chamamos o sistema de
âGNU/Linuxâ e "
"pedimos que você faça isso também."
@@ -3348,9 +3796,15 @@
"BSDâ sem especificar qual delas."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3406,8 +3860,13 @@
"legÃtimo e aceitável."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3430,9 +3889,15 @@
"\">#knownname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.128
retrieving revision 1.129
diff -u -b -r1.128 -r1.129
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.ru.po 2 Sep 2021 17:36:33 -0000 1.128
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.129
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-02 17:17+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
#. type: Content of: <title>
@@ -35,10 +36,19 @@
msgstr "РиÑаÑд СÑолмен"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system
+# | that many others call just [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} they ask many questions. Here are common
+# | questions, and our answers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Ðогда лÑди видÑÑ, ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ÑполÑзÑем и
ÑекомендÑем название “GNU/"
@@ -257,11 +267,22 @@
"GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use
+# | “Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if
+# | I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it
+# | wrong if I use “GNU” without [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">ÐÑли Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð¸ÑполÑзовал
“Linux” в "
"названии пÑодÑкÑа, мне пÑиÑлоÑÑ Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð° ÑÑо
плаÑиÑÑ; ÑÑо оÑноÑиÑÑÑ Ð¸ к "
@@ -349,10 +370,19 @@
"GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+# | <a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar
+# | [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about
+# | what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they
+# | like?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">РазÑабоÑÑики моего
диÑÑÑибÑÑива назÑваÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ "
"“Foobar Linux”, но ÑÑо ниÑего не говоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾
Ñом, из Ñего ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ "
@@ -610,9 +640,18 @@
"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ “GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to
+# | require people to call the system [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what happened; why are you complaining
+# | now?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">ÐоÑколÑÐºÑ Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ внеÑли в GNU GPL
ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·ÑваÑÑ "
@@ -628,8 +667,15 @@
"в Ñем Ñбеждено Ñак много лÑдей?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+# | <a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it
+# | right?</a>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Разве Ñо, ÑÑо многие
назÑваÑÑ ÐµÐµ “"
@@ -816,6 +862,24 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never
+# | heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and
+# | assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a
+# | false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that
+# | the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they
+# | often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This
+# | false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be called
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -823,7 +887,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐолÑÑинÑÑво лÑдей, коÑоÑÑе назÑваÑÑ ÑÑÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ “Linux”, никогда "
"не ÑлÑÑало о Ñом, ÑÑо ÑÑо не веÑно. Ðни
видели, ÑÑо дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÑеблÑÑÑ ÑÑо "
@@ -855,10 +919,19 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
+# | you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} the name its developer
+# | chose.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Ðе вÑегда — ÑолÑко Ñогда, когда вÑ
говоÑиÑе о ÑиÑÑеме в Ñелом. "
"Ðогда Ð²Ñ Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐµÑе в Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ ÑдÑо, вам
ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·ÑваÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ “"
@@ -866,12 +939,27 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When people call the whole system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} as a consequence they call the whole system by
+# | the same name as the kernel. This causes many kinds of confusion, because
+# | only experts can tell whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole
+# | system. By calling the whole system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and calling the kernel
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} you avoid the ambiguity.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Ðогда лÑди назÑваÑÑ Ð²ÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ
“Linux”, они — как "
@@ -951,8 +1039,17 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | When we ask people to say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} we are not dividing people. We are asking
+# | them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating system. This
+# | does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -1014,10 +1111,34 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention
+# | people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value
+# | freedom are more likely to call the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and people who learn that the system is
+# | “GNU/Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our
+# | philosophical arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice
+# | of name for the system makes a real difference for society). However, the
+# | disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real
+# | origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only
+# | go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be
+# | easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1078,10 +1199,23 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in
+# | general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the
+# | system do not mention the name [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} or the ideals that GNU stands for. <a
+# | href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users Who Have Never
+# | Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1094,11 +1228,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
+# | know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
+# | idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of [-<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>,-] {+“<a
+# | href=\"#tools\">tools</a>,”+} or a project to develop tools.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди, коÑоÑÑе Ñак говоÑÑÑ, веÑоÑÑно, ÑеÑ
наÑи, коÑоÑÑе имеÑÑ Ð² Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
"
"знакомÑÑ
ÑеÑ
наÑей. ТеÑ
наÑи ÑаÑÑо знаÑÑ Ð¾
GNU, однако многие из ниÑ
имеÑÑ "
@@ -1134,11 +1279,23 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most
+# | people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} that it was started by
+# | Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to be “open
+# | [-source”.-] {+source.”+} If you don't tell them, who will?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑли ваÑи Ñлова не оÑÑажаÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñего знаниÑ,
Ñо Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ пеÑедаеÑе его дÑÑгим. "
"ÐолÑÑинÑÑво лÑдей, коÑоÑÑе ÑлÑÑали о
ÑиÑÑеме GNU/Linux, дÑмаÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо "
@@ -1205,14 +1362,31 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear
+# | about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think
+# | that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say
+# | “programming [-tools”,-] {+tools,”+} since some of our
+# | programming tools became popular on their own. The idea that
+# | “GNU” is the name of an operating system is hard to fit into a
+# | conceptual framework in which that operating system is labeled
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди, коÑоÑÑе полагаÑÑ, ÑÑо Linux — ÑÑо
вÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑема, "
"еÑли когда-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð¸ ÑлÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾ GNU, Ñо неÑедко
полÑÑаÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÐµÑное пÑедÑÑавление "
@@ -1286,12 +1460,32 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating
+# | system” to mean [-“kernel”.-] {+“kernel.”+}
+# | Both uses of the term go back many years. The use of “operating
+# | system” to mean “kernel” is found in a number of
+# | textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time, in
+# | the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
+# | all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even
+# | games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use
+# | the term “operating system” in the same way.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1309,11 +1503,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating
+# | system” they are using “operating system” in the same
+# | sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what
+# | you are referring to, please call it [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} If you mean just the kernel, then
+# | “Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
+# | “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of software
+# | you mean.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1328,10 +1539,20 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you prefer to use some other term such as “system
+# | distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of
+# | “operating [-system”,-] {+system,”+} that's fine. Then
+# | you would talk about GNU/Linux system distributions.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÑедпоÑиÑаеÑе ÑпоÑÑеблÑÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгой
ÑеÑмин, как, напÑимеÑ, “"
@@ -1435,12 +1656,26 @@
"href=\"#nokernel\">#nokernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux”
+# | are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers,
+# | editors, window systems, libraries, and much [-more — hundreds-]
+# | {+more—hundreds+} of programs, even to match what BSD systems
+# | included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
+# | system be “Linux”?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” "
+#| "are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, "
+#| "editors, window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of "
+#| "programs, even to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since "
+#| "Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the system be “"
+#| "Linux”?"
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
"Те, кÑо Ñаким обÑазом обоÑновÑваеÑ
название ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ “Linux”, "
"пÑименÑÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ð¾Ð¹Ð½Ñе ÑÑандаÑÑÑ. ÐлÑ
опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÑебÑÑÑÑÑ
компилÑÑоÑÑ, "
@@ -1479,9 +1714,18 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions
+# | of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but GNU is what they
+# | basically are.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"СейÑÐ°Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑпно много <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">
веÑÑий GNU, "
@@ -1533,9 +1777,17 @@
"GuixSD. ÐÑо подÑазÑÐ¼ÐµÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¿ÐµÑеÑпаковкÑ
ÑÑÑеÑÑвенной ÑаÑÑи ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} but that doesn't alter what
+# | kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ Ñак и не Ñделали поÑледнего Ñага
вÑпÑÑка диÑÑÑибÑÑива GNU под названием "
@@ -1555,13 +1807,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
+# | than the misuse of the name [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} Normally an operating system is developed as a
+# | single unified project, and the developers choose a name for the system as
+# | a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of its
+# | own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” or
+# | “the such-and-such [-kernel”.-] {+kernel.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑакÑика оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ñедка — Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ
наÑ
одим ни одного ее пÑимеÑа, "
"кÑоме непÑавилÑного ÑпоÑÑеблениÑ
Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ “Linux”. ÐбÑÑно "
@@ -1622,9 +1889,18 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | For a while we tried the name [-“LiGNUx”,-]
+# | {+“LiGNUx,”+} which combines the words “GNU” and
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} The reaction was very
+# | bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"ÐекоÑоÑое вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÑалиÑÑ Ð¸ÑполÑзоваÑÑ
название “LiGNUx”, "
@@ -1634,8 +1910,16 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The shortest legitimate name for this system is [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} but we call it “GNU/Linux” <a
+# | href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given below</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1687,8 +1971,16 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It only takes a second to say or type [-“GNU/”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/.”+} If you appreciate the system that we developed,
+# | can't you take one second to recognize our work?
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1803,10 +2095,21 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><ul><li>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+# | Since many people know of the system as [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} if we say “GNU” they may simply not
+# | recognize we're talking about the same system. If we say
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} they can make a
+# | connection to what they have heard about.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑколÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ðµ лÑди знаÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ
как “Linux”, еÑли Ð¼Ñ "
@@ -1816,10 +2119,23 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a
+# | product, and that would also apply if I say [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} Is it wrong if I use “GNU”
+# | without [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} to save the fee?
+# | <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#trademarkfee\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1842,9 +2158,17 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | So if you want to refer to the system simply as [-“GNU”,-]
+# | {+“GNU,”+} to avoid paying the fee for calling it
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} we won't criticize you.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÐµÑли Ð²Ñ Ð·Ð°Ñ
оÑиÑе назваÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ
пÑоÑÑо “GNU”, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
"плаÑиÑÑ Ð·Ð° Ñо, ÑÑо назÑваеÑе ее “Linux”,
Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ðµ оÑÑдим."
@@ -1911,12 +2235,25 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the
+# | system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and
+# | giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} It can't be fair to give
+# | all the credit to one secondary contribution (Linux) while omitting the
+# | principal contribution (GNU).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"РазнÑе меÑÑа Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑеÑÑÑ
пÑиводÑÑ Ðº ÑазнÑм ваÑианÑам Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ "
"ÑиÑÑемÑ. Ðо одно название не можеÑ
возникнÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð· ÑообÑажений ÑпÑаведливоÑÑи "
@@ -1937,11 +2274,23 @@
"\"#others\">#others</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
+# | kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
+# | (GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/systemd/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/systemd/Linux,”+} there is nothing wrong with doing so.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the "
+#| "kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole "
+#| "(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing "
+#| "wrong with doing so."
msgid ""
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
"Systemd — доволÑно важнÑй компоненÑ, но
он не наÑÑолÑко важен, "
"как ÑдÑо (Linux), и не наÑÑолÑко важен, как
оÑнова ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð² Ñелом (GNU). "
@@ -1997,11 +2346,21 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main”
+# | repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%.
+# | So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Ð 2008 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð°ÑÑжили, ÑÑо пакеÑÑ GNU
ÑоÑÑавлÑли 15% Ñаздела “"
"main” диÑÑÑибÑÑива GNU/Linux gNewSense. Ðа Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ñ Linux
пÑиÑлоÑÑ 1,5%. "
@@ -2072,9 +2431,21 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Linux” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+} This can mean either “GNU's version of
+# | Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of
+# | those meanings fits the situation at hand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -2098,11 +2469,27 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The
+# | free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a
+# | href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre\";>separate version of
+# | Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains nonfree
+# | firmware [-“blobs”.-] {+“blobs.”+} If this were
+# | part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU Linux”;
+# | but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too confusing.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+#| "free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
+#| "Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
+#| "standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. "
+#| "If this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
+#| "Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be "
+#| "too confusing."
msgid ""
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2117,11 +2504,24 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished
+# | by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it
+# | means “combination.” (Think of
+# | [-“Input/Output”.)-] {+“Input/Output.”)+} This
+# | system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence,
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñим о веÑÑии опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑемÑ
GNU, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾ÑлиÑаеÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ñием "
"Linux в каÑеÑÑве ÑдÑа. Ðнак “дÑобє подÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ðº данной ÑиÑÑаÑии, "
@@ -2131,11 +2531,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+# | There are other ways to express [-“combination”.-]
+# | {+“combination.”+} If you think that a plus-sign is clearer,
+# | please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear:
+# | [-“GNU-Linux”.-] {+“GNU-Linux.”+} In Spanish, we
+# | sometimes say “GNU con [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑÑ Ð¸ дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²ÑÑазиÑÑ
“комбинаÑиє. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ ÑÑиÑаеÑе, "
"ÑÑо знак “плÑÑ” понÑÑнее,
пожалÑйÑÑа, ÑпоÑÑеблÑйÑе его. Ðо "
@@ -2176,9 +2587,19 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
+# | Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies [-“Emacs”.-]
+# | {+“Emacs.”+} That is the right way to describe a program
+# | called Emacs which is a GNU package.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. "
+#| "That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU "
+#| "package."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"СоглаÑно пÑавилам английÑкого ÑзÑка, в
конÑÑÑÑкÑии “GNU Emacs” "
@@ -2225,8 +2646,17 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | However, if you prefer to call the system [-“Linux/GNU”,-]
+# | {+“Linux/GNU,”+} that is a lot better than what people usually
+# | do, which is to omit GNU entirely and make it seem that the whole system
+# | is Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2236,8 +2666,19 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | My distro's developers call it “Foobar [-Linux”,-]
+# | {+Linux,”+} but that doesn't say anything about what the system
+# | consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2307,11 +2748,22 @@
"\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to
+# | [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} and call their version
+# | of it “Foobar [-Linux”,-] {+Linux,”+} it's proper for
+# | you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar
+# | [-GNU/Linux”.-] {+GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ðогда они ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ
инÑоÑмаÑиÑ, менÑÑ “GNU” на "
"“Linux”, и назÑваÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ “Foobar
Linux”, Ð´Ð»Ñ "
@@ -2353,12 +2805,24 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just
+# | because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your
+# | disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can
+# | change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit
+# | calling it [-“GNU/Linux”.-] {+“GNU/Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ Ð½Ðµ можем заÑÑавиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
иÑпÑавиÑÑ ÑÑо, но
Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ из ÑеÑ
, кÑо ÑдаеÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ "
"поÑомÑ, ÑÑо доÑога ÑÑÑдна. У Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð½Ðµ
бÑÑÑ Ñакого влиÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñвоей ÑÑеде, "
@@ -2381,16 +2845,35 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system
+# | is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree
+# | software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Many “Linux”
+# | User Groups make it part of their mission to help users use nonfree
+# | add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and make sales pitches for
+# | them. They adopt goals such as “helping the users” of
+# | GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications and drivers),
+# | or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux "
+#| "system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that "
+#| "nonfree software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
+#| "Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
+#| "mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen "
+#| "to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
+#| "helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
+#| "applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
+#| "cost of freedom."
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"ШиÑоко ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑакÑика
Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм в ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
"GNU/Linux — ÑÑо ÑеÑÑÐµÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблема
наÑего ÑообÑеÑÑва. ÐÑа "
@@ -2426,6 +2909,23 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly
+# | the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em>
+# | versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists
+# | specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding,
+# | they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree
+# | software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking
+# | they are proper and appropriate “versions of [-Linux”.-]
+# | {+Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
+#| "the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+#| "versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+#| "specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this "
+#| "understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions that include "
+#| "nonfree software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of "
+#| "thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
msgid ""
"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
@@ -2433,7 +2933,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ЧÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑказаÑÑ ÑÑим полÑзоваÑелÑм на ÑвÑзÑ
Ñо Ñвободой, нÑжно поÑÑÑпаÑÑ Ð² "
"ÑоÑноÑÑи наобоÑоÑ: необÑ
одимо
пÑоинÑоÑмиÑоваÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
о Ñом, ÑÑо вÑе ÑÑи
веÑÑии "
@@ -2539,11 +3039,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
+# | [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} that would be somewhat like
+# | making a version of the GNU system and labeling it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} That wasn't right, and
+# | we don't want to act like that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑли Ð±Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð·Ñли ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ GNU/Linux
и пеÑеименовали ее в “"
"GNU”, ÑÑо бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑимеÑно Ñо же Ñамое,
ÑÑо взÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU и "
@@ -2582,11 +3093,29 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating
+# | with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working
+# | with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux [-user”.-]
+# | {+user.”+} That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU
+# | packages to other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get
+# | their changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
+# | primarily based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only)
+# | group that was unwilling to work with us.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2602,9 +3131,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
+# | version of the GNU system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} and that this confusion was obstructing our work.
+# | Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is our response to
+# | that problem, and to the other problems caused by the “Linux”
+# | misnomer.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2650,10 +3192,18 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | We never refer to individual programs as
+# | [-“GNU/<i>name</i>”.-] {+“GNU/<i>name</i>.”+} When
+# | a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU
+# | [-<i>name</i>”.-] {+<i>name</i>.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° не Ñпоминаем об оÑделÑнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
как о “GNU/[название]"
"”. ÐÑли пÑогÑамма ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ из
пакеÑов GNU, Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ¼ назÑваÑÑ ÐµÐµ "
@@ -2779,10 +3329,24 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
+# | therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix.
+# | The name [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} which stands for
+# | “GNU's Not [-Unix”,-] {+Unix,”+} is a humorous way of
+# | giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker tradition of recursive
+# | acronyms that started in the 70s.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2795,11 +3359,28 @@
"ÑекÑÑÑивнÑе ÑокÑаÑениÑ, поÑвивÑейÑÑ Ð²
ÑемидеÑÑÑÑе годÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
+# | [-TECO”.-] {+TECO.”+} The author of TINT wrote another
+# | implementation of TECO (there were already many of them, for various
+# | systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name like
+# | “<em>somethingorother</em> [-TECO”,-] {+TECO,”+} he
+# | thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a
+# | href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful
+# | cleverness</a>.)
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not "
+#| "TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO "
+#| "(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of "
+#| "calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> "
+#| "TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking "
+#| "means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2813,13 +3394,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It
+# | became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that
+# | was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was
+# | “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as
+# | “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
+# | spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not
+# | [-Unix”.-] {+Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑгим Ñ
акеÑам Ñак понÑавилоÑÑ ÑÑо
название, ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñали подÑажаÑÑ ÑÑомÑ. "
"СÑало ÑÑадиÑией, ÑÑо, когда Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¸Ñали Ñ
нÑÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, подобнÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾ÑоÑой "
@@ -2831,13 +3427,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it
+# | credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not
+# | even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to
+# | sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the
+# | various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a
+# | completely different name that didn't include [-“Unix”.-]
+# | {+“Unix.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑоÑиÑеÑки ÑложилоÑÑ, ÑÑо AT&T, коÑоÑаÑ
ÑазÑабоÑала Unix, не Ñ
оÑела, "
"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÐºÑо-либо оÑдавал ей должное пÑÑем
ÑпоÑÑÐµÐ±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ “Unix” в "
@@ -2919,9 +3530,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
+# | developers call it “Debian [-GNU/NetBSD”,-]
+# | {+GNU/NetBSD,”+} but “GNU/kernelofNetBSD” would be more
+# | accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just the kernel. This is
+# | not a BSD system, since most of the system is the same as the GNU/Linux
+# | system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2945,8 +3569,21 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Not in the same sense that we mean by [-“GNU/Linux”.-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux.”+} The tools of GNU are just a part of the GNU
+# | software, which is just a part of the GNU system, and underneath them you
+# | would still have another complete operating system which has no code in
+# | common with GNU. All in all, that's a very different situation from
+# | GNU/Linux.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -3056,8 +3693,19 @@
"оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾ обÑего. Ðа Ñамом деле обÑее Ñ
ниÑ
ÑолÑко одно: Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If you call the whole GNU/Linux system [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} you will find it necessary to say things like,
+# | “Android contains Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have
+# | the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU
+# | system].”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -3098,9 +3746,19 @@
msgstr "ÐÑнÑдÑ. Такое ÑпоÑÑебление наÑÑолÑко
наÑÑнÑÑо, ÑÑо Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ðµ поймÑÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
+# | “using [-Linux”.-] {+Linux.”+} It's like having a
+# | conversation, then saying you were conversing with the person's intestines
+# | or the person's circulatory system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑдÑм покажеÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÑаннÑм, когда
говоÑÑÑ Ð¾ Ñом, ÑÑо иÑполÑзование "
@@ -3109,23 +3767,52 @@
"кÑовеноÑной ÑиÑÑемой Ñеловека."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux”
+# | when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking
+# | of the whole system as [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди <em>понимаÑÑ</em>, ÑÑо ознаÑаеÑ
“иÑполÑзование Linux”, "
"когда ÑÑо на Ñамом деле GNU/Linux, благодаÑÑ
обÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð»ÑждениÑ: когда о "
"ÑиÑÑеме в Ñелом дÑмаÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ðº о “Linux”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as
+# | driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both
+# | contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and
+# | a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two.
+# | If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of
+# | “riding metal [-objects” — not-]
+# | {+objects”—not+} unless you're playing games with the reader.
+# | You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the clear way
+# | to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using GNU/Linux
+# | and Android.”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3225,11 +3912,22 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
+# | kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or
+# | label it as [-“GNU”.-] {+“GNU.”+} When we talk
+# | about the whole system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share
+# | of the credit.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑо бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð½ÐµÑеÑÑно, поÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ñак не
поÑÑÑпаем. РабоÑа ТоÑвалÑдÑа "
"— Linux (ÑдÑо); Ð¼Ñ Ð°ÐºÐºÑÑаÑно ÑÑаÑаемÑÑ Ð½Ðµ
пÑипиÑÑваÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ "
@@ -3247,12 +3945,50 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+# | He recognized this at the beginning. The {+<a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>+}
+# | earliest Linux release [-notes said, <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under
+# | the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
+# | for more info”</a>.-] {+notes</a> said:+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐнаÑале он пÑизнавал ÑÑо. РпÑимеÑаниÑÑ
к
ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²ÑпÑÑÐºÑ Linux "
+"Ñказано: “ÐолÑÑинÑÑво инÑÑÑÑменÑов,
иÑполÑзÑемÑÑ
Ñ linux, ÑвлÑÑÑÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑаммами GNU и подÑÐ¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкомÑ
Ð»ÐµÐ²Ñ GNU. ÐÑи инÑÑÑÑменÑÑ Ð½Ðµ воÑли в "
+"диÑÑÑибÑÑив — обÑаÑайÑеÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ мне
(или в GNU) за дополниÑелÑной "
+"инÑоÑмаÑией”<a href=\"#ft1\">[1]</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+# | [-He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+# | said, <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | “Most-]{+Most+} of the tools used with linux are GNU software and
+# | are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask
+# | me (or GNU) for more [-info”</a>.-] {+info.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"ÐнаÑале он пÑизнавал ÑÑо. РпÑимеÑаниÑÑ
к
ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²ÑпÑÑÐºÑ Linux "
"Ñказано: “ÐолÑÑинÑÑво инÑÑÑÑменÑов,
иÑполÑзÑемÑÑ
Ñ linux, ÑвлÑÑÑÑÑ "
@@ -3307,11 +4043,26 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
+# | system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
+# | “society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
+# | name to use. You can't make others say [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} but you can decide to call the system
+# | “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help
+# | educate others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3336,13 +4087,32 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures
+# | are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will help
+# | others learn the system's true history, origin, and reason for being. You
+# | can't correct the misnomer everywhere on your own, any more than we can,
+# | but you can help. If only a few hundred people see you use the term
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} you will have
+# | educated a substantial number of people with very little work. And some
+# | of them will spread the correction to others.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3369,10 +4139,20 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+# | If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
+# | effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
+# | calling the system [-“GNU/Linux”,-]
+# | {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and uses your time inefficiently.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÐµÑе нам, обÑÑÑнÑÑ ÑÑо лÑдÑм
Ñаким обÑазом, Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ "
"за ÑÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ, однако ÑÑо не лÑÑÑий меÑод.
ÐÑо не пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ðº Ñаким "
@@ -3381,12 +4161,28 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
+# | propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
+# | attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin.
+# | But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they
+# | talk about the system. They will probably just call it
+# | [-“Linux”.-] {+“Linux.”+} Without particularly
+# | intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑо не пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ðº нÑжнÑм ÑезÑлÑÑаÑам,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð½Ðµ дойÑи до ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ "
@@ -3538,9 +4334,16 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dd>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
+# | [-“GNU/Linux”,-] {+“GNU/Linux,”+} and we ask you
+# | to do it too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑло Ð±Ñ Ð½ÐµÑеÑÑно заÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
, и Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ
пÑÑаемÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо. ÐÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ñваем "
"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ “GNU/Linux” и пÑоÑим ваÑ
поÑÑÑпаÑÑ Ñак же."
@@ -3635,9 +4438,19 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call
+# | the system [-“GNU”,-] {+“GNU,”+} you deserve what
+# | happened; why are you complaining now? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve\">#deserve</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3698,8 +4511,17 @@
# type: Content of: <dl><dt>
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+# | Since many people call it [-“Linux”,-]
+# | {+“Linux,”+} doesn't that make it right? <span
+# | class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a
+# | href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</a>)</span>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3724,9 +4546,20 @@
"\">#knowname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
+# | includes [-“Linux”,-] {+“Linux,”+} they will
+# | recognize what you're talking about. If you add “(often erroneously
+# | referred to as ‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all
+# | understand.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.sq.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.sq.po,v
retrieving revision 1.121
retrieving revision 1.122
diff -u -b -r1.121 -r1.122
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.sq.po 7 Sep 2021 12:03:51 -0000 1.121
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.sq.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.122
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-07 14:13+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Besnik Bleta <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
"Language-Team: sq\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.2\n"
@@ -29,10 +30,15 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "nga Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Kur njerëzit shohin se ne përdorim dhe këshillojmë emrin GNU/Linux për
një "
@@ -248,11 +254,17 @@
"kundër fakteve që sistemi të quhej thjesht âGNUâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Do të më duhet të paguaj ndonjë shumë po qe se
"
"përdor âLinuxâ në emrin e një produkti, dhe kjo do të ndodhte edhe
nëse them "
@@ -337,10 +349,15 @@
msgstr "<a href=\"#whyorder\">Pse âGNU/Linuxâ dhe jo âLinux/GNUâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">Aksh shpërndarje zhvilluesit e quajnë âAksh "
"Linuxâ, por kjo nuk tregon asgjë mbi çka përbëhet sistemi. Pse të mos
e "
@@ -594,9 +611,14 @@
"njerëzve ta quajnë sistemin âGNUâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Meqë dështuat të vendosnit diçka te GNU GPL-ja për
tâu "
@@ -612,8 +634,12 @@
"çka shumë vetë e besojnë?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Meqë shumë vetë e quajnë âLinuxâ, a e bën
kjo të "
@@ -781,6 +807,16 @@
"këtë praktikë. Në atë kohë, ngatërrimi pat filluar duke qenë më
para."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -788,7 +824,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Shumica e njerëzve që e quan sistemin âLinuxâ sâkanë dëgjuar kurrë
pse kjo "
"sâështë gjëja e saktë. Panë të tjerë që e përdornin këtë emër
dhe e morën "
@@ -816,21 +852,34 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Jo përherë—vetëm kur flisni mbi sistemin si i tërë. Kur i
referoheni "
"veçan kernelit, duhet ta quani âLinuxâ, me emrin që i zgjodhi
programuesi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Kur njerëzit e quajnë krejt sistemin “Linux”, në fakt quajnë "
@@ -901,8 +950,13 @@
"\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -958,10 +1012,23 @@
"të Lirë</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1017,10 +1084,17 @@
"href=\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1031,11 +1105,17 @@
"heard-of-gnu.html\">Përdorues GNU Që Nuk Kanë Dëgjuar Kurrë Për
GNU-në</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"Njerëzit që e thonë këtë ndoshta janë \"geeks\", me të tjerë geeks-a
në "
"mendje. Geeks-at shpesh kanë dijeni mbi GNU-në, por shumë prej tyre kanë
"
@@ -1068,11 +1148,18 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Po qe se fjalët tuaja nuk pasqyrojnë dijet tuaja, nuk u mësoni gjë të "
"tjerëve. Shumica e njerëzve që kanë dëgjuar për sistemin GNU/Linux
mendojnë "
@@ -1128,14 +1215,23 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Njerëzit që mendojnë se Linux-i është një sistem operativ i plotë, po
qe se "
"dëgjojnë gjë për GNU-në, shpesh përftojnë një ide të gabuar rreth se
çka "
@@ -1201,12 +1297,23 @@
"kujdeset gjithashtu për nisjen dhe ndalimin e programeve të tjera."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1222,11 +1329,20 @@
"operativâ në të njëjtën mënyrë."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1240,10 +1356,16 @@
"lidhur se për cilën pjesë software-i e keni fjalën."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Po qe se parapëlqeni përdorimin e disa termave të tjerë të tillë si "
@@ -1339,12 +1461,20 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#nokernel\">#nokernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” "
+#| "are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, "
+#| "editors, window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of "
+#| "programs, even to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since "
+#| "Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the system be “"
+#| "Linux”?"
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
"Njerëzit shprehen kështu për quajtjen e sistemit “Linux” "
"përdorin një standard të dyfishtë. Një sistem operativ lyp përpilues, "
@@ -1382,9 +1512,14 @@
"\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"Ka gati mjaft <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> versione të paketuara dhe "
@@ -1434,9 +1569,14 @@
"përfshin një ripaketim të një pjese domethënëse të sistemit GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Nuk e kryem kurrë hapin e fundit për paketimin e GNU-së nën emrin
âGNUâ, por "
@@ -1454,13 +1594,21 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Kjo praktikë duket të jetë shumë e rrallë—nuk gjejmë dot ndonjë "
"shembull tjetër veç keqpërdorimit të emrit âLinuxâ. Normalisht, një
sistem "
@@ -1516,9 +1664,14 @@
"href=\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Për ca kohë provuam emrin âLiGNUxâ, që ndërthur fjalët âGNUâ dhe
âLinuxâ. "
@@ -1526,8 +1679,13 @@
"mirë."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1573,8 +1731,13 @@
"href=\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1682,10 +1845,16 @@
"në vend se të përpiqemi që tâi hamë hakun për kontributin e tij te
sistemi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Ngaqë mjaft njerëz e njohin sistemin si âLinuxâ, po të thoshim
âGNUâ ata "
@@ -1693,10 +1862,17 @@
"themi âGNU/Linuxâ, mund ta lidhin këtë me çfarë kanë dëgjuar rreth
temës."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1716,9 +1892,14 @@
"por nuk keni ndonjë borxh, për ta larë me privilegjin e të bërit
kështu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Pra, nëse doni tâi referoheni sistemit thjesht si âGNUâ, për shmangie
pagese "
"ngaqë e quani âLinuxâ, nuk do tâju kritikojmë."
@@ -1779,12 +1960,19 @@
"vendosni, nuk kemi për ta kundërshtuar."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Nivele të ndryshëm pragu do të shpinin në zgjedhje të ndryshme për
emrin e "
"sistemit. Por një emër që nuk rrjedh nga shqetësimet mbi të qenët i "
@@ -1804,11 +1992,18 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#others\">#others</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the "
+#| "kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole "
+#| "(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing "
+#| "wrong with doing so."
msgid ""
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
"<em>systemd</em> është një përbërës jo pak i rëndësishëm, por jo aq
i "
"rëndësishëm sa kerneli (Linux-i), as edhe aq i rëndësishëm sa baza e "
@@ -1859,11 +2054,17 @@
"\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Në 2008, nxorëm se paketat GNU përbënin 15% të depos âkryesoreâ të "
"shpërndarjes GNU/Linux gNewSense. Linux-i përbënte 1.5%. Ndaj i njëjti "
@@ -1926,9 +2127,16 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1950,11 +2158,20 @@
"i, që është një paketë GNUâ nuk qëndron."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+#| "free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
+#| "Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
+#| "standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. "
+#| "If this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
+#| "Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be "
+#| "too confusing."
msgid ""
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -1967,11 +2184,18 @@
"ngaqë do të ishte shumë ngatërruese."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Po flasim për një version të GNU-së, sistemit operativ, të dallueshëm
nga "
"pasja e Linux-it për kernel. Pjerrësja i shërben rastit, ngaqë do të
thotë "
@@ -1979,11 +2203,17 @@
"GNU-së dhe Linux-it; prej këndej rrjedh edhe âGNU/Linuxâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Ka mënyra të tjera për të shprehur ândërthurjenâ. Nëse mendoni që
shenja "
"plus është më e qartë, ju lutemi, përdoreni. Në Frëngjisht, një
vijë në mes "
@@ -2019,9 +2249,15 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. "
+#| "That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU "
+#| "package."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Duke ndjekur rregullat e anglishtes, në trajtën âGNU Emacsâ, fjala
âGNUâ "
@@ -2065,8 +2301,13 @@
"ulët i sistemit dhe që GNU-ja plotëson nivele teknikisht më të lartë."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2075,8 +2316,14 @@
"jashtë e GNU-së dhe që e bën të duket sikur krejt sistemi është Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2138,11 +2385,17 @@
"id\">(<a href=\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Kur përhapin informacione të gabuara duke ndryshuar âGNUâ në
âLinuxâ, dhe e "
"quajnë versionin e tyre âAksh Linuxâ, është e drejtë që ta ndreqni "
@@ -2179,12 +2432,19 @@
"të tjera, asaj shoqërie nuk iu bë vonë se çfarë qe e drejtë."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Nuk i bëjmë dot ta bëjnë këtë si duhet, por nuk jemi nga ata që heqin
dorë "
"meqë rruga nuk qenkësh e lehtë. Mund të mos keni aq ndikim në dorën
tuaj sa "
@@ -2204,16 +2464,26 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#reserve\">#reserve</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux "
+#| "system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that "
+#| "nonfree software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
+#| "Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
+#| "mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen "
+#| "to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
+#| "helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
+#| "applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
+#| "cost of freedom."
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"Praktika shumë e përhapur e shtimit të software-it jo të lirë te sistemi
GNU/"
"Linux është problem i madh për bashkësinë tonë. Ajo sikur u mëson "
@@ -2246,6 +2516,15 @@
"qenë GNU së pari."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
+#| "the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+#| "versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+#| "specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this "
+#| "understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions that include "
+#| "nonfree software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of "
+#| "thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
msgid ""
"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
@@ -2253,7 +2532,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Rruga për tâi drejtuar këta përdorues të shohin lidhjen me lirinë
është "
"saktësisht e kundërta: tâu bëhet e ditur atyre se krejt këto versione "
@@ -2347,11 +2626,17 @@
"funksiononte, mund ta kishim bërë. (Por kësaj i thonë: mend pas
kuvendi.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"Po të qe për të marrë një version të GNU/Linux-it dhe ta rietiketojmë
si "
"âGNUâ, do të qe si të merrnim një version të sistemit GNU dhe ta
etiketonim "
@@ -2386,11 +2671,21 @@
"kishin nevojë të pastroheshin."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2405,9 +2700,16 @@
"punonin me ne."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2448,10 +2750,14 @@
"\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Kurrë nuk u referohemi programeve individualë si âGNU/<i>emër</i>â.
Kur një "
"program është paketë GNU, mund ta quajmë â<i>emër</i> GNUâ."
@@ -2565,10 +2871,18 @@
"pjesë të tyre, nga Unix-i; gjithçka duhej shkruar nga e para."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2579,11 +2893,20 @@
"hacker-ësh për shkurtime ripërsëritëse që zuri fill në vitet â70."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not "
+#| "TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO "
+#| "(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of "
+#| "calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> "
+#| "TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking "
+#| "means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2595,13 +2918,21 @@
"hacking.html\">mençuri lojcake</a>.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Hacker-ë të tjerë e pëlqyen kaq shumë emrin sa filluan ta imitojnë
stilin. "
"U bë si traditë që, sa herë që shkruanit nga e para një program që qe
i "
@@ -2611,13 +2942,21 @@
"âGNUâs Not Unixâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Historikisht, AT&T, që krijoi Unix-in, nuk donte që ndonjë tâi jepte
"
"hakën duke përdorur “Unix” te emri i një sistemi të
ngjashëm, as "
@@ -2691,9 +3030,16 @@
"emri âGNU/Linuxâ është i përshtatshëm për të."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2715,8 +3061,15 @@
"\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2822,8 +3175,14 @@
"të përbashkët është Linux-i."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2866,9 +3225,15 @@
"domethënien e synuar."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"Publikut do tâi duket shumë e çuditshme të flitet për përdorim të
Android-it "
@@ -2876,23 +3241,39 @@
"thuhet se biseduat me zorrët apo me sistemin e frymëmarrjes së atij
personi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Publiku <em>do ta</em> kuptojë idenë e âtë përdorurit të Linux-itâ
kur është "
"vërtet GNU/Linux, përmes keqkuptimit të rëndomtë: duke e menduar krejt "
"sitemin si âLinuxâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -2987,11 +3368,17 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Do të ishte gabim, ndaj këtë nuk e bëjmë. Vepra e Torvalds-it është
Linux-"
"i, kerneli; ne bëjmë kujdes që të mos ia veshim atë vepër Projektit GNU
ose "
@@ -3007,12 +3394,37 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Ai e pranoi këtë në ato fillime. Shënimet e hedhjeve në qarkullim për
Linux-"
+"in më të hershëm thonë, <a
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/";
+"kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> âShumica e mjeteve të përdorura me "
+"linux-in janë <em>software</em> GNU dhe gjenden nën <em>GNU copyleft</em>. "
+"Këto mjete nuk janë pjesë e shpërndarjes - për më tepër hollësi,
pyetmëni "
+"mua (ose GNU-në)â</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Ai e pranoi këtë në ato fillime. Shënimet e hedhjeve në qarkullim për
Linux-"
"in më të hershëm thonë, <a
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/";
@@ -3066,11 +3478,19 @@
"id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3092,13 +3512,23 @@
"\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3122,10 +3552,16 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Nëse na ndihmoni duke u shpjeguar të tjerëve në këtë mënyrë, e
vlerësojmë "
"mundimin tuaj, por kjo nuk është metoda më e mirë. Nuk është aq e
efektshme "
@@ -3133,12 +3569,21 @@
"paefektshme."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"Ãshtë e paefektshme sepse nuk ka për tâu qartësuar, dhe me siguri nuk
ka për "
@@ -3274,9 +3719,13 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#force\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Do të qe gabim të detyrohen, dhe as provojmë. Ne e quajmë sistemin
âGNU/"
"Linuxâ, dhe ju kërkojmë të bëni njësoj."
@@ -3360,9 +3809,15 @@
"termin âlicencë BSDâ pa specifikuar se për cilën bëhet fjalë."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3416,8 +3871,13 @@
"është i ligjshëm dhe i pranueshëm."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3440,9 +3900,15 @@
"\">#knownname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.sr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.sr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.68
retrieving revision 1.69
diff -u -b -r1.68 -r1.69
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.sr.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:08 -0000 1.68
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.sr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.69
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-07-25 13:26+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Strahinya Radich <vilinkamen@mail.ru>\n"
"Language-Team: Serbian <www-sr-dev@lists.gnu.org>\n"
@@ -34,10 +34,15 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "ЧÐÐ ÐÐУ-а Ñа ÐинÑкÑом од РиÑаÑда
СÑалмана"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди коÑи пÑимеÑе да ми коÑиÑÑимо и
пÑепоÑÑÑÑÑемо назив âÐÐУ Ñа "
@@ -236,11 +241,17 @@
"неиÑÑиниÑо називаÑи ÑиÑÑем пÑоÑÑо
âÐÐУ-омâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Уколико коÑиÑÑим назив
âÐинÑкÑâ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ñ "
"пÑоизвода, моÑам да за Ñо плаÑим. ÐÑÑо важи
и ако коÑиÑÑим назив âÐÐУ Ñа "
@@ -335,11 +346,17 @@
"<a href=\"#whyorder\">ÐаÑÑо âÐÐУ Ñа ÐинÑкÑомâ
ÑмеÑÑо âÐинÑÐºÑ Ñа ÐÐУ-омâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames\">My distro is called “Foobar Linux”; "
+#| "doesn't that show it's really Linux?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames\">ÐоÑа диÑÑÑибÑÑиÑа Ñе зове
âÐеÑÑонеÑÑо ÐинÑкÑâ. ÐÐ°Ñ "
+"Ñо не говоÑи да Ñе Ñади о ÐинÑкÑÑ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
msgid ""
@@ -579,9 +596,14 @@
"да Ñе ÑиÑÑем назива âÐÐУ-омâ?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">ÐоÑÑо ниÑÑе ÑÑавили неÑÑо Ñ
ÐÐУ-Ð¾Ð²Ñ ÐÐÐ ÑÑо би "
@@ -597,8 +619,12 @@
"ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ñ ÑоликиÑ
ÑÑди?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">ÐоÑÑо има доÑÑа ÑÑди коÑи
називаÑÑ ÑиÑÑем "
@@ -769,6 +795,16 @@
"од ÑÑди да иÑпÑаве Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÑакÑÑ. Ðли до Ñада
Ñе забÑна Ñзела велики замаÑаÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -776,7 +812,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐеÑина ÑÑди коÑи називаÑÑ ÑиÑÑем
âÐинÑкÑомâ никад ниÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ ÑÑли заÑÑо Ñо
ниÑе "
"иÑпÑавно. Ðни ÑÑ ÑÑли да дÑÑги коÑиÑÑе Ñо
име и пÑеÑпоÑÑавÑаÑÑ Ð´Ð° Ñе "
@@ -803,22 +839,35 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Ðе Ñвек, Ð²ÐµÑ Ñамо ако миÑлиÑе на Ñео
ÑиÑÑем. Ðада миÑлиÑе иÑкÑÑÑиво на "
"ÑезгÑо, ÑÑебало би да га називаÑе
âÐинÑкÑомâ, називом коÑи Ñе изабÑао Ñегов "
"гÑадиÑеÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Ðада ÑÑди називаÑÑ Ñео ÑиÑÑем
âÐинÑкÑомâ, они називаÑÑ Ñео ÑиÑÑем по
ÑезгÑÑ. "
@@ -885,8 +934,13 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -940,10 +994,23 @@
"a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -998,10 +1065,17 @@
"\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1012,11 +1086,17 @@
"ниÑÑ ÑÑли за ÐÐУ</a> пÑÑжа додаÑна
обÑаÑÑеÑа."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди коÑи ово пиÑаÑÑ ÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑвеÑоваÑниÑе
залÑÑениÑи коÑи миÑле на залÑÑенике "
"коÑе они познаÑÑ. ÐалÑÑениÑи ÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑеÑÑе
ÑÑли за ÐÐУ, али веÑина гаÑи ÑаÑвим "
@@ -1048,11 +1128,18 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"Ðко ваÑе ÑеÑи не одÑажаваÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñе знаÑе,
онда не подÑÑаваÑе дÑÑге. ÐеÑина "
"ÑÑди коÑа Ñе ÑÑла за ÑиÑÑем ÐÐУ Ñа
ÐинÑкÑом ÑмаÑÑа да Ñе он âÐинÑкÑâ, кога "
@@ -1108,14 +1195,23 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Уколико ÑопÑÑе и ÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð° ÐÐУ, ÑÑди коÑи
миÑле да Ñе ÐинÑÐºÑ Ñео опеÑаÑивни "
"ÑиÑÑем ÑеÑÑо погÑеÑно ÑÑ
ваÑе ÑÑа Ñе ÐÐУ.
Ðни Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð±Ð¸Ñи миÑÑеÑа да Ñе ÐÐУ "
@@ -1182,12 +1278,23 @@
"покÑеÑаÑем и заÑÑÑавÑаÑем дÑÑгиÑ
пÑогÑама."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1202,11 +1309,20 @@
"коÑиÑÑимо изÑаз âопеÑаÑивни ÑиÑÑемâ на
Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑледÑи наÑин."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1219,10 +1335,16 @@
"âдео Ñелаâ ÑоÑÑвеÑа миÑлиÑе."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"Уколико виÑе волиÑе да коÑиÑÑиÑе неки
дÑÑги изÑаз ÑмеÑÑо âопеÑаÑивни ÑиÑÑемâ "
@@ -1328,9 +1450,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1356,7 +1478,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
@@ -1389,8 +1511,8 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
@@ -1405,13 +1527,21 @@
"\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Таква пÑакÑа Ñе веома ÑеÑка â не можемо да
пÑонаÑемо ниÑедан Ñакав пÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑ "
"оÑим погÑеÑне ÑпоÑÑебе назива âÐинÑкÑâ.
ÐбиÑно Ñе опеÑаÑивни ÑиÑÑем ÑазвиÑа "
@@ -1459,9 +1589,14 @@
"href=\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Ðи Ñмо неко вÑеме покÑÑали да коÑиÑÑимо
назив âÐиÐÐУкÑâ, коÑи комбинÑÑе ÑеÑи "
@@ -1469,8 +1604,13 @@
"пÑиÑ
ваÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð² âÐÐУ Ñа ÐинÑкÑомâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1507,7 +1647,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1601,10 +1741,16 @@
"не покÑÑавамо да занемаÑимо Ñегов
допÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑÑо многи ÑÑди знаÑÑ Ð·Ð° ÑиÑÑем
âÐинÑкÑâ, Ñколико кажемо âÐÐУâ они могÑ
да "
@@ -1612,10 +1758,17 @@
"повезаÑи оно ÑÑо ми пÑиÑамо Ñа оним ÑÑо ÑÑ
Ð²ÐµÑ ÑÑли."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1636,9 +1789,14 @@
"обавезни да плаÑаÑе пÑивилегиÑÑ Ð´Ð° Ñо
ÑадиÑе."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"ÐаÑо Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÑемо кÑиÑиковаÑи ако желиÑе да
ÑиÑÑем називаÑе Ñамо âÐÐУ-омâ, "
"како биÑÑе избегли плаÑаÑе за назив
âÐинÑкÑâ."
@@ -1698,12 +1856,19 @@
"неÑемо пÑоÑивиÑи ма где да Ñе поÑÑавиÑе."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"РазлиÑиÑе гÑаниÑе воде Ñ ÑазлиÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð±Ð¾Ñ
назива ÑиÑÑема. Ðли назив коÑи "
"никако не може наÑÑаÑи из бÑиге за
пÑавиÑноÑÑ Ð¸ одаваÑе пÑизнаÑа Ñе "
@@ -1732,7 +1897,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1776,11 +1941,17 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allsmall\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"Ðодине 2008. Ñмо Ñазнали да ÐÐУ-ови пакеÑи
Ñине 15% âглавногâ ÑкладиÑÑа "
"диÑÑÑибÑÑиÑе ÐÐУ-а Ñа ÐинÑкÑом <em>gNewSense</em>.
ÐинÑÐºÑ Ñини 1,5%. ÐаÑо би "
@@ -1843,9 +2014,16 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1881,7 +2059,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -1894,11 +2072,18 @@
"не биÑмо желели да Ñе Ñако називамо ÑÐµÑ Ð±Ð¸
Ñо било збÑÑÑÑÑÑе."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ради Ñе о веÑзиÑи опеÑаÑивног ÑиÑÑема ÐÐУ,
коÑа Ñе ÑазликÑÑе од дÑÑгиÑ
по "
"Ñоме ÑÑо ÑÐ¾Ñ Ñе ÐинÑÐºÑ ÑезгÑо. ÐоÑа
ÑÑÑа<sup><a href=\"#TransNote3\">[3]</"
@@ -1907,11 +2092,17 @@
"иÑпÑавно âÐÐУ Ñа ÐинÑкÑомâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑÑоÑе и дÑÑги наÑини да Ñе изÑази
âкомбинаÑиÑаâ. Уколико ÑмаÑÑаÑе да Ñе "
"знак âплÑÑâ ÑаÑниÑи, коÑиÑÑиÑе Ñега. У
ÑÑанÑÑÑком Ñе пÑикладниÑа ÑÑÑиÑа: "
@@ -1960,7 +2151,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Ðо пÑавилима енглеÑког Ñезика, ÑÐµÑ âÐÐУâ
(енг. <em>GNU</em>) Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑкÑиÑи "
@@ -2001,8 +2192,13 @@
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2011,12 +2207,20 @@
"ÐÐУ, Ñиме ÑÑваÑаÑÑÑи ÑÑиÑак да Ñе Ñео
ÑиÑÑем ÐинÑкÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro is called “Foobar Linux”; doesn't that show it's "
+#| "really Linux? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames"
+#| "\">#distronames</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
+"ÐоÑа диÑÑÑибÑÑиÑа Ñе зове âÐеÑÑонеÑÑо
ÐинÑкÑâ. ÐÐ°Ñ Ñо не говоÑи да Ñе Ñади о "
+"ÐинÑкÑÑ? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#distronames"
+"\">#distronames</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
msgid ""
@@ -2088,9 +2292,9 @@
#| "mistake than it was to make the mistake."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ðко они Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð´Ð° пÑомене âÐÐУâ Ñ
âÐеÑÑонеÑÑо ÐинÑкÑâ, можеÑе и ви ÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²
"
"да пÑомениÑе Ñ âÐеÑÑонеÑÑо(в) ÐÐУ Ñа
ÐинÑкÑомâ. Ðе може биÑи маÑе иÑпÑавно "
@@ -2160,7 +2364,7 @@
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ðи иÑ
не можемо пÑомениÑи, али ми ниÑмо
ÑÑди коÑи одÑÑÑаÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ñо ÑÑо Ñе пÑед "
"Ñима ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÑ. Ðожда ви не поÑедÑÑеÑе
Ñолико ÑÑиÑаÑа као ÐÐРили Ред ХеÑ, "
@@ -2195,13 +2399,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"РаÑиÑена пÑакÑа додаваÑа неÑлободног
ÑоÑÑвеÑа ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐÐУ Ñа ÐинÑкÑом "
"пÑедÑÑавÑа кÑÑпан пÑоблем за наÑÑ
заÑедниÑÑ. Та пÑакÑа поÑÑÑÑÑе коÑиÑниÑима "
@@ -2248,7 +2451,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑ ÐºÐ° ÑÑ
ваÑаÑÑ Ð²ÐµÐ·Ðµ Ñа Ñлободом Ñе ÑпÑаво
ÑÑпÑоÑан: ÑÑебало би ÑазглаÑиÑи "
"да Ñве Ñе веÑзиÑе ÑиÑÑема <em>ÑеÑÑ</em>
веÑзиÑе ÐÐУ-а, и да ÑÑ Ñве заÑноване "
@@ -2346,11 +2549,17 @@
"ÑÑ
ваÑили.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑÑоÑи ÑÐ¾Ñ Ñедан Ñазлог због кога не
желимо да Ð½ÐµÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑоÑеÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑзиÑÑ ÐÐУ-а "
"Ñа ÐинÑкÑом пÑекÑÑÑимо Ñ âÐÐУâ: Ñо би Ñ
Ð½ÐµÐºÑ ÑÑÐºÑ Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ð¾ иÑÑо као пÑеименоваÑе "
@@ -2386,11 +2595,21 @@
"Ñе измене пÑоÑиÑÑе."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2404,9 +2623,16 @@
"Ñедина) гÑÑпа коÑа ниÑе желела да ÑаÑаÑÑÑе
Ñа нама."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2446,10 +2672,14 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Ðи никада не називамо поÑединаÑне
пÑогÑаме коÑиÑÑеÑи обÑÐ°Ð·Ð°Ñ âÐÐУ Ñа "
"[назив]â (енг. <em>GNU/</em>[назив]). Уколико Ñе
пÑогÑам ÐÐУ-ов пакеÑ, ми га "
@@ -2562,10 +2792,18 @@
"из УникÑа; Ñве Ñе моÑало да Ñе наново
напиÑе."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2585,10 +2823,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2600,13 +2838,21 @@
"stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">ÑазигÑана
биÑÑÑина</a>.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑгим Ñ
акеÑима Ñе Ñо име Ñвидело Ñолико
да Ñмо и ми имиÑиÑали Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑинÑип. "
"ÐоÑÑала Ñе ÑÑадиÑиÑа да пÑогÑамÑ, када
пиÑеÑе изнова пÑогÑам коÑи Ñе ÑлиÑан "
@@ -2616,13 +2862,21 @@
"замени за Ð£Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð´Ð°Ð»Ð¸ име âÐÐУ ниÑе
УникÑâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑоÑиÑÑки, ÑиÑма ÐÑÑиенÑи (енг.
<em>AT&T</em>), коÑа Ñе Ñазвила УникÑ, "
"ниÑе желела да ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¸ÐºÐ¾ ода пÑизнаÑе
коÑиÑÑеÑи âУникÑâ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ñ ÑлиÑног "
@@ -2703,9 +2957,16 @@
"Ñа ÐинÑкÑомâ погодан."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2726,8 +2987,15 @@
"\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2880,7 +3148,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2911,7 +3179,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
@@ -2919,7 +3187,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -2929,7 +3197,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3019,11 +3287,17 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#claimlinux\">#claimlinux</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Ðило би погÑеÑно, па заÑо Ñо ми и не Ñадимо.
ТоÑвалдÑово дело Ñе ÐинÑкÑ, "
"ÑезгÑо. Ðи пазимо да га не пÑипиÑемо
ÐÑоÑекÑÑ ÐÐУ или да га називамо âÐÐУ-"
@@ -3047,11 +3321,28 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Ðн Ñе ово ÑÑ
ваÑао Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑеÑкÑ. У Ñеговим
наÑÑаниÑим обÑавним белеÑкама Ñе "
+"ÑÑаÑало: <a
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+"versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">âÐеÑина алаÑа коÑи Ñе
коÑиÑÑе Ñз ÐинÑÐºÑ ÑÑ ÐÐУ-ов "
+"ÑоÑÑвеÑ, и они ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ ÐÐУ-овим копилеÑÑом.
Ти алаÑи ниÑÑ Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑибÑÑиÑи. Ðа "
+"виÑе подаÑака Ñе обÑаÑиÑе мени или
ÐÐУ-Ñ</a>.â"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Ðн Ñе ово ÑÑ
ваÑао Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑеÑкÑ. У Ñеговим
наÑÑаниÑим обÑавним белеÑкама Ñе "
"ÑÑаÑало: <a
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
@@ -3092,11 +3383,19 @@
"href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3117,13 +3416,23 @@
"\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3146,22 +3455,37 @@
"href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"Уколико нам помажеÑе Ñаквим обÑаÑÑаваÑем
дÑÑгима, ми Ñенимо Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑд, али Ñо "
"ниÑе наÑбоÑи наÑин. То ниÑе Ñолико еÑекÑно
као називаÑе ÑиÑÑема âÐÐУ-ом Ñа "
"ÐинÑкÑомâ, и нееÑикаÑно ÑÑоÑи ваÑе вÑеме."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"ÐиÑе еÑекÑно ÑÐµÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ðµ да Ñе не пÑими, а
ÑигÑÑно Ñе неÑе ÑиÑиÑи. Ðеки од ониÑ
"
@@ -3296,9 +3620,13 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#force\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Ðило би погÑеÑно пÑиÑиÑаваÑи иÑ
, и заÑо Ñо
ни не покÑÑавамо. Ðи називамо "
"ÑиÑÑем âÐÐУ-ом Ñа ÐинÑкÑомâ и молимо ваÑ
да и ви Ñо ÑадиÑе."
@@ -3389,9 +3717,15 @@
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3446,8 +3780,13 @@
"легиÑиман и пÑиÑ
ваÑÑив."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3469,7 +3808,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.91
retrieving revision 1.92
diff -u -b -r1.91 -r1.92
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.tr.po 12 Sep 2021 07:34:21 -0000 1.91
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:51 -0000 1.92
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-12 07:32+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: T. E. Kalayci <tekrei@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Turkish <www-tr-comm@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.2\n"
@@ -34,10 +35,15 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "yazan Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Ä°nsanlar, pek çok kimsenin “Linux” olarak adlandırdıÄı
sistem "
@@ -254,11 +260,17 @@
"“GNU” diye adlandırmak gerçeÄe aykırı mı olurdu? </a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">EÄer, bir ürün isminde “Linux” "
"kelimesini kullanırsam karÅılıÄında ücret ödemem gerekir. Bu durum
“"
@@ -348,10 +360,15 @@
"Linux”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">DaÄıtımımın geliÅtiricileri buna
“Falanca "
"Linux” diyorlar ancak bu, sistemin nelerden oluÅtuÄu hakkında
hiçbir "
@@ -608,9 +625,14 @@
"gerekmiyor mu?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">GNU GPL'e, insanların sisteme “GNU” "
@@ -626,8 +648,12 @@
"iyi olmaz mıydı?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">ÃoÄu kimsenin, sistemi “Linux” olarak "
@@ -798,6 +824,16 @@
"bu kargaÅa iyiden iyiye yayılmıÅtı."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -805,7 +841,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Sistemi “Linux” olarak adlandıran çoÄu kimse, bunun neden
doÄru "
"bir Åey olmadıÄını hiç duymamıÅtır. Onlar baÅkalarının bu ismi
kullandıÄını "
@@ -834,22 +870,35 @@
"\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Her zaman deÄil, yalnızca bütün sistemden söz ederken. EÄer özellikle "
"çekirdekten söz ediyorsanız, geliÅtiricisinin seçtiÄi
“Linux” "
"adını kullanabilirsiniz."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Ä°nsanlar bütün sistemi “Linux” olarak adlandırdıÄında,
sonuç "
@@ -920,8 +969,13 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -978,10 +1032,23 @@
"Iskalıyor?</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1038,10 +1105,17 @@
"href=\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1053,11 +1127,17 @@
"ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmaktadır."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"Bunu söyleyen insanlar muhtemelen, bütün bilgisayar kurtlarını (geek) "
"kendisi gibi zanneden bilgisayar kurtlarıdır. Genellikle bilgisayar
kurtları "
@@ -1091,11 +1171,18 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"EÄer kullandıÄınız kelimeler bilginizi yansıtmıyorsa, baÅkalarına da
"
"öÄretemezsiniz. GNU/Linux sistemini duymuÅ olan çoÄu kimse, sistemin
“"
@@ -1154,14 +1241,23 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Linux'un baÅlı baÅına bir iÅletim sistemi olduÄunu düÅünen insanlar,
GNU "
"hakkında bir Åeyler duyduklarında, genellikle GNU'nun ne olduÄu ile
ilgili "
@@ -1228,12 +1324,23 @@
"aynı zamanda öteki programları baÅlatma ve durdurma iÅini de yürütür."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1250,11 +1357,20 @@
"Åekilde kullanıyoruz."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1269,10 +1385,16 @@
"kelimesini kullanınız."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"EÄer eksiksiz programlar bütünü için “iÅletim sistemi”
yerine "
@@ -1368,12 +1490,20 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#nokernel\">#nokernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” "
+#| "are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, "
+#| "editors, window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of "
+#| "programs, even to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since "
+#| "Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the system be “"
+#| "Linux”?"
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
"Sistemi “Linux” olarak adlandırmayı öne süren insanlar çifte
"
"standart uyguluyorlar. Bir iÅletim sisteminin derleyicilere, "
@@ -1411,9 +1541,14 @@
"\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"GNU'nun <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> paketlenmiÅ ve kurulabilir "
@@ -1464,9 +1599,14 @@
"bölümünün yeniden paketlenmesini içerir."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"GNU paketlemesinin son basamaÄını GNU adı altında hiçbir zaman atmadık
ancak "
@@ -1484,13 +1624,21 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Böyle bir uygulama pek rastlanılan bir Åey deÄil; “Linux” "
"isminin yanlıŠkullanımı dıÅında bu duruma bir örnek bulamadık.
Normalde bir "
@@ -1547,9 +1695,14 @@
"\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"Bir süreliÄine “GNU” ve “Linux” adlarının
birleÅimi "
@@ -1557,8 +1710,13 @@
"“GNU/Linux”u daha çok benimsediler."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1606,8 +1764,13 @@
"(<a href=\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1715,10 +1878,16 @@
"düÅünce ayrılıÄını açık ve onurlu bir biçimde ele alıyoruz."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"Pek çok kimse sistemi, “Linux” olarak bildiÄi için, eÄer biz "
@@ -1727,10 +1896,17 @@
"arasında baÄlantı kurabilirler."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1753,9 +1929,14 @@
"bir ödeme yapma zorunluluÄunuz yoktur."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Dolayısıyla eÄer sistemi “Linux” olarak adlandırmanın "
"karÅılıÄında bir ücret ödemekten kurtulmak için sistemi sadece
“"
@@ -1817,12 +1998,19 @@
"çizmek isterseniz isteyin, biz buna karÅı çıkmayacaÄız."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Farklı sınır çizgileri belirlemek bizi sistem için farklı isimler
seçmeye "
"götürür. Fakat sınır çizgisi hangi noktada çekilirse çekilsin, adil
olma ve "
@@ -1841,11 +2029,18 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#others\">#others</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the "
+#| "kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole "
+#| "(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing "
+#| "wrong with doing so."
msgid ""
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
"systemd oldukça önemli bir bileÅendir ancak yine de ne çekirdek (Linux) "
"kadar ne de bir bütün olarak sistemin temeli (GNU) kadar önemlidir. Ancak "
@@ -1896,11 +2091,17 @@
"\"#allsmall\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"2008 yılında gNewSense GNU/Linux daÄıtımının “ana”
deposunun "
"%15'ini GNU paketlerinin oluÅturduÄunu gördük. Linux ise deponun %1.5'ini
"
@@ -1966,9 +2167,16 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1990,11 +2198,20 @@
"“bir GNU paketi olan Linux” anlamı doÄru deÄildir."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+#| "free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
+#| "Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
+#| "standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. "
+#| "If this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
+#| "Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be "
+#| "too confusing."
msgid ""
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -2008,11 +2225,18 @@
"istemezdik, çünkü epey kafa karıÅtırıcı olurdu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ãekirdek olarak Linux'u kullanmasıyla ayırt edilen bir GNU iÅletim
sistemi "
"sürümünden söz ediyoruz. Aradaki yatık çizgi durumu ifade edebiliyor,
çünkü "
@@ -2021,11 +2245,17 @@
"birleÅimidir. Dolayısıyla adı “GNU/Linux”'tur."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"“BirleÅimi” tarif etmek için baÅka yollar da vardır. EÄer
artı "
"iÅaretinin daha açık olduÄunu düÅünüyorsanız, lütfen onu kullanın.
"
@@ -2062,9 +2292,15 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. "
+#| "That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU "
+#| "package."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"Ä°ngilizce kurallarına göre, “GNU Emacs” yapısında “"
@@ -2109,8 +2345,13 @@
"uyar."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2120,8 +2361,14 @@
"iyidir."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2187,11 +2434,17 @@
"\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"“GNU”'yu “Linux”'a deÄiÅtirerek yanlıŠbilgi "
"yaydılar ve bunun versiyonunu “Falanca Linux” olarak "
@@ -2231,12 +2484,19 @@
"BaÅka bir deyiÅle, bu Åirket için neyin doÄru olduÄunun önemi yok."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Biz onların bunu doÄru yapmalarını saÄlayamayız, fakat biz bu yol kolay
"
"deÄil diye vazgeçecek insanlar da deÄiliz. IBM veya Red Hat kadar etkileme
"
@@ -2257,16 +2517,26 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux "
+#| "system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that "
+#| "nonfree software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
+#| "Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
+#| "mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen "
+#| "to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
+#| "helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
+#| "applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
+#| "cost of freedom."
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"GNU/Linux sistemine özgür olmayan yazılımların eklenmesine yönelik
uygulama "
"topluluÄumuz için büyük bir sorundur. Bu, kullanıcılara, özgür
olmayan "
@@ -2300,6 +2570,15 @@
"sistemlerin GNU olduÄunu hiç bilmiyorduk ki,” olacaktır."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
+#| "the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+#| "versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+#| "specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this "
+#| "understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions that include "
+#| "nonfree software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of "
+#| "thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
msgid ""
"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
@@ -2307,7 +2586,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Kullanıcıların özgürlük ile olan baÄlantıyı görmelerini saÄlamak
için "
"tutulacak yol bunun tam tersidir: Yani onları bütün bu sistem
sürümlerinin "
@@ -2405,11 +2684,17 @@
"olsaydık, bunu yapabilirdik. (Ah! Ä°Åte öngörüsüzlük dedikleri...)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"EÄer GNU/Linux'un var olan bir sürümünü alıp, onu “GNU”
olarak "
"yeniden etiketlemiŠolsaydık, GNU sisteminin bir sürümünü yapıp, onu
“"
@@ -2446,11 +2731,21 @@
"temizlenmeleri gerekiyordu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2465,9 +2760,16 @@
"istemeyen ilk (hâlâ da neredeyse tek) grup oldu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2508,10 +2810,14 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Biz, tek bir programı asla “GNU/<i>ad</i>” Åablonuna göre "
"adlandırmayız. EÄer bir program GNU paketi ise onu “GNU <i>ad</"
@@ -2630,10 +2936,18 @@
"yazılması gerekiyordu."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2646,11 +2960,20 @@
"uygulamasına baÄlı kalınmıÅtır."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not "
+#| "TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO "
+#| "(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of "
+#| "calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> "
+#| "TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking "
+#| "means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2663,13 +2986,21 @@
"html\">oyunbaz bir zeka</a>.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"BaÅka “hacker”lar da bu isme bayıldılar. Ãyle ki biz de bu "
"yaklaÅımı taklit ettik. Mevcut baÅka programlara çok benzeyen bir
programı "
@@ -2679,13 +3010,21 @@
"sistemi “GNU's Not Unix” (GNU Unix DeÄildir) diye adlandırdık."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"Tarihsel olarak, Unix'i geliÅtiren AT&T Unix'e benzeyen bir sistemin "
"isminde, bu sistem % 99 Unix'ten kopyalanmıŠbile olsa, “Unix” "
@@ -2762,9 +3101,16 @@
"Linux” ismi sistemin adı olmaya uygundur."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2786,8 +3132,15 @@
"(<a href=\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2895,8 +3248,14 @@
"Aslında,ortak olan tek Åey Linux'tur."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2937,9 +3296,15 @@
"anlamayacaklar."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"Halk, Android'i “Linux” olarak kullanmaktan bahsetmeyi çok garip
"
@@ -2947,23 +3312,39 @@
"kiÅinin dolaÅım sistemi ile konuÅtuÄunu söylemek gibi."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Halk, Linux'u gerçekte GNU/Linux iken her zamanki yanlıŠanlama yoluyla "
"kullanma fikrini anlaya<em>cak</em>tır: Tüm sistemi “Linux” "
"olarak düÅünmek."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3056,11 +3437,17 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"YanlıŠolur, dolayısıyla biz öyle nitelendirmiyoruz. Torvalds'ın
çalıÅması "
"Linux'tur (çekirdek). Biz bu çalıÅmayı GNU Projesi'ne atfetmemeye veya
bunu "
@@ -3078,12 +3465,36 @@
"a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"Bunu baÅlangıçta kabul ediyordu. En eski Linux sürüm notlarında Åöyle
der: "
+"“<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+"versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">Linux ile kullanılan araçların büyük bölümü
GNU "
+"yazılımı olup bunlar GNU copyleft lisansı altındadır. Bu araçlar
daÄıtımın "
+"içinde yer almaz. Daha fazla bilgi için bana (veya GNU'ya)
sorun”</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"Bunu baÅlangıçta kabul ediyordu. En eski Linux sürüm notlarında Åöyle
der: "
"“<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
@@ -3135,11 +3546,19 @@
"(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3161,13 +3580,23 @@
"href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3192,10 +3621,16 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"EÄer baÅkalarına bu yolla açıklama yaparak bize yardım ederseniz,
çabanızı "
"takdir ederiz, fakat bu en iyi yöntem olmaz. Bu, sistemi âGNU/Linuxâ
olarak "
@@ -3203,12 +3638,21 @@
"açacaktır."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"Etkisizdir, çünkü zihinlere yerleÅmez ve tabii ki baÅkalarına
iletilemez. "
@@ -3350,9 +3794,13 @@
"\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"Ä°nsanlara bunu dayatmak yanlıŠolurdu. Zaten biz de böyle bir Åeye "
"kalkıÅmıyoruz. Biz sisteme “GNU/Linux” diyoruz ve sizden de "
@@ -3440,9 +3888,15 @@
"BSD” lisansı terimini kullanmayın."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3497,8 +3951,13 @@
"iÅletim sistemi geliÅtiremezdik."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3523,9 +3982,15 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.uk-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.uk-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.18
retrieving revision 1.19
diff -u -b -r1.18 -r1.19
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.uk-diff.html 31 Aug 2021 10:37:08 -0000 1.18
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.uk-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.19
@@ -12,30 +12,35 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.84</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>GNU/Linux FAQ
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU/Linux <span class="removed"><del><strong>FAQ
by</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>FAQ</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2>
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> Richard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Stallman</h2></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-<div class="announcement">
+<div <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>, our
page on <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.</p></blockquote>
-</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Stallman</address></em></ins></span>
-
+</div></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="introduction"></em></ins></span>
<p>
When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a
-system that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions.
+system that many others call just <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they ask many
questions.
Here are common questions, and our answers.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="toc">
+<div class="toc">
<hr class="no-display" />
<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3></em></ins></span>
<ul>
@@ -130,8 +135,8 @@
<li><a href="#trademarkfee">I would have to pay a
fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
- that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it
- wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to
+ that would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it
+ wrong if I use “GNU” without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to
save the fee?</a></li>
<li><a href="#many">Many other projects contributed to the
@@ -169,7 +174,7 @@
rather than “Linux/GNU”?</a></li>
<li><a href="#distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like?</a></li>
@@ -281,14 +286,16 @@
<li><a href="#deserve">Since you failed to put
something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
- “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> you
deserve what happened; why are you
complaining now?</a></li>
<li><a href="#contradict">Wouldn't you be better off
not contradicting what so many people believe?</a></li>
<li><a href="#somanyright">Since many people call it
- “Linux”, doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
+ <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
doesn't that make it right?</a></li>
<li><a href="#knownname">Isn't it better to call the
system by the name most users already know?</a></li>
@@ -380,7 +387,7 @@
the system's history was such as to fit that name. For
instance, they often believe its development was started by Linus
Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends to reinforce the idea
-that the system should be called “Linux”.</p>
+that the system should be called <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Many of the questions in this file represent people's attempts to
justify the name they are accustomed to using.</p>
@@ -391,14 +398,16 @@
<dd>
Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When
you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it
-“Linux”, the name its developer chose.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> the
name its developer chose.
<p>
-When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence
+When people call the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> as a
consequence
they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel.
This causes many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell
whether a statement is about the kernel or the whole system.
-By calling the whole system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel
-“Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity.</p>
+By calling the whole system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
calling the kernel
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
avoid the ambiguity.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="linuxalone">Would Linux have
@@ -428,7 +437,7 @@
community if you did not divide people with this request? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#divide">#divide</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing people.
We
+When we ask people to say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> we
are not dividing people. We
are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU operating
system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away.
<p>
@@ -456,7 +465,8 @@
The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of
attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community.
People who value freedom are more likely to call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and people who learn that the system is
“GNU/Linux” are
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are
more likely to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for
freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for the system
makes a real difference for society). However, the disagreement would
@@ -484,7 +494,7 @@
<dd>Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using
public in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most
-articles about the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the
ideals
+articles about the system do not mention the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> or the ideals
that GNU stands for. <a
href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU Users Who Have Never
Heard of GNU</a> explains further.
@@ -492,7 +502,7 @@
The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they
know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong
idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection
-of <a href="#tools">“tools”</a>, or a project to
develop tools.</p>
+of <span class="removed"><del><strong><a
href="#tools">“tools”</a>,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“<a
href="#tools">tools</a>,”</em></ins></span> or a project to
develop tools.</p>
<p>
The wording of this question, which is typical, illustrates another
common misconception. To speak of “GNU's role” in developing
@@ -508,8 +518,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others.
Most people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is
-“Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
-it was intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> that it
was started by Linus Torvalds, and that
+it was intended to be “open <span
class="removed"><del><strong>source”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>source.”</em></ins></span> If you don't tell
them, who <span class="removed"><del><strong>will?</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>will?</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -538,10 +549,10 @@
People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they
hear about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They
may think that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they
-say “programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became
+say “programming <span
class="removed"><del><strong>tools”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools,”</em></ins></span> since some of our
programming tools became
popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an
operating
system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that
-operating system is labeled “Linux”.
+operating system is labeled <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
The GNU Project was named after the GNU operating system—it's the project
to develop the GNU system. (See <a
@@ -570,7 +581,7 @@
programs.</p>
<p>
To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” to
-mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. The
+mean <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“kernel.”</em></ins></span> Both uses of
the term go back many years. The
use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found in
a number of
textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the same time,
in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was understood to include
all
@@ -581,12 +592,12 @@
Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating system”
they are using “operating system” in the same sense we use: they
mean
the whole collection of programs. If that's what you are referring
-to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean just the kernel, then
+to, please call it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> If
you mean just the kernel, then
“Linux” is the right name for it, but please say
“kernel” also to
avoid ambiguity about which body of software you mean.</p>
<p>
If you prefer to use some other term such as “system distribution”
for
-the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating system”,
+the entire collection of programs, instead of “operating <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system,”</em></ins></span>
that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux system
distributions.</p>
</dd>
@@ -638,8 +649,8 @@
<dd>
The people who argue that way for calling the system
“Linux” are using a double standard. An operating system
-requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much more
-— hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
+requires compilers, editors, window systems, libraries, and much
+more—hundreds of programs, even to match what BSD systems included
in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the
system be “Linux”?
@@ -660,7 +671,8 @@
<dd>
Many <a href="/distros/distros.html"> packaged and installable
versions of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply
-“GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but GNU
is what they basically are.
<p>
We expected to release the GNU system packaged for installation, but
@@ -687,7 +699,8 @@
<p>
We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name
-“GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but that
doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is.
GNU is an operating system.</p>
</dd>
@@ -697,11 +710,11 @@
<dd>
That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other
-than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating system
is
+than the misuse of the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Normally an
operating system is
developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a
name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a
name of its own—instead, people say “the kernel of
such-and-such” or
-“the such-and-such kernel”.
+“the such-and-such <span
class="removed"><del><strong>kernel”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>kernel.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
Because those two constructions are used synonymously, the expression
“the Linux kernel” can easily be misunderstood as meaning
“the kernel
@@ -726,11 +739,11 @@
How about recommending a shorter name? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long">#long</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words
“GNU”
-and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. People accept
“GNU/Linux”
+For a while we tried the name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“LiGNUx”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“LiGNUx,”</em></ins></span> which
combines the words “GNU”
+and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> The reaction
was very bad. People accept “GNU/Linux”
much better.
<p>
-The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but
+The shortest legitimate name for this system is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> but
we call it “GNU/Linux” <a href="#justgnu"> for the reasons
given below</a>.</p>
</dd>
@@ -755,7 +768,7 @@
<span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#long2">#long2</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you
+<p>It only takes a second to say or type <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/.”</em></ins></span> If you
appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second
to recognize our work?</p>
</dd>
@@ -806,9 +819,9 @@
honorably and openly, rather than by trying to cut him out of the
credit for his contribution to the system.</li>
<li>
-Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say
“GNU” they
+Since many people know of the system as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> if we say
“GNU” they
may simply not recognize we're talking about the same system. If we
-say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to what they have heard
+say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> they
can make a connection to what they have heard
about.</li>
<span
class="removed"><del><strong></ul><p></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></ul></em></ins></span>
@@ -816,16 +829,16 @@
<dt id="trademarkfee">I would have
to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a product, and
that
- would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use
“GNU”
- without “Linux”, to save the fee? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
+ would also apply if I say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> Is
it wrong if I use “GNU”
+ without <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> to save the
fee? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#trademarkfee">#trademarkfee</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
There's nothing wrong in calling the system “GNU”; basically,
that's
what it is. It is nice to give Linus Torvalds a share of the credit
as well, but you have no obligation to pay for the privilege of doing
so.
<p>
-So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid
paying
-the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you.</p>
+So if you want to refer to the system simply as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> to avoid paying
+the fee for calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> we won't
criticize you.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="many">Many other projects contributed to
@@ -855,7 +868,7 @@
<p>
Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for
the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness
-and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is
“Linux”.
+and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution
(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU).</p>
</dd>
@@ -869,7 +882,7 @@
systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the
kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole
(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd
-by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing
+by calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing
wrong with doing so.</p>
</dd>
@@ -894,7 +907,7 @@
In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the
“main” repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution.
Linux made up 1.5%. So the same argument would apply even more
-strongly to calling it “Linux”.
+strongly to calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU is a small fraction of the system nowadays, and Linux is an
@@ -931,7 +944,7 @@
<dd>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” the
-word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean either
“GNU's version of
+word “GNU” modifies <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> This can mean
either “GNU's version of
Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those
meanings
fits the situation at hand.
<p>
@@ -944,23 +957,24 @@
The free GNU/Linux distros do have
a <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux">separate</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Linux-libre">separate</em></ins></span>
version of
Linux</a>, since the “standard” version contains <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
-firmware “blobs”. If this were part of the GNU Project,
+firmware <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“blobs”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“blobs.”</em></ins></span> If this were
part of the GNU Project,
it could be considered “GNU Linux”; but we would not want
to call it that, because it would be too confusing.</p>
<p>
We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system,
distinguished by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the
situation because it means “combination.” (Think of
-“Input/Output”.) This system is the combination of GNU
-and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Input/Output”.)</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Input/Output.”)</em></ins></span>
This system is the combination of GNU
+and Linux; hence, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
-There are other ways to express “combination”. If you
+There are other ways to express <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“combination”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“combination.”</em></ins></span>
If you
think that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a
-hyphen is clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes
-say “GNU con Linux”.</p>
+hyphen is clear: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU-Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU-Linux.”</em></ins></span> In
Spanish, we sometimes
+say “GNU con <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p>
</dd>
-<dt <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="pronounce">How is the name
“GNU/Linux”
+<dt id="pronounce">How is the name “GNU/Linux”
pronounced? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#pronounce">#pronounce</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<p>
@@ -976,16 +990,16 @@
<dd>
<p>
Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU
-Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”.
+Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.”
That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a
GNU package.</p>
<p>
“GNU/Emacs” would mean the combination of GNU, the
operating system, and the program Emacs. That doesn't fit this
-program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to it.</p>
+program, so “GNU/Emacs” is the wrong way to refer to
it.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
-<dt</em></ins></span> id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
+<dt id="whyorder">Why “GNU/Linux” rather
than “Linux/GNU”? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#whyorder">#whyorder</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -997,13 +1011,13 @@
In addition, “GNU/Linux” fits the fact that Linux is the
lowest level of the system and GNU fills technically higher levels.</p>
<p>
-However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a
lot
+However, if you prefer to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux/GNU”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux/GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
is a lot
better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and
make it seem that the whole system is Linux.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="distronames0">My distro's developers call it
- “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about
+ “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> but that doesn't say
anything about
what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever
they like? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames0">#distronames0</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1032,9 +1046,10 @@
anything but “Foobar Linux”? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#distronames1">#distronames1</a>)</span></dt>
<dd><p>When they spread misinformation by changing
“GNU”
-to “Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar
-Linux”, it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by
-calling it “Foobar GNU/Linux”.</p></dd>
+to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and call their
version of it “Foobar
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux,”</em></ins></span> it's proper
for you to correct the misinformation by
+calling it “Foobar <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/Linux”.</p></dd></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux.”</p></dd></em></ins></span>
<dt id="companies">Wouldn't it be more
effective to ask companies such as Mandrake, Red Hat and IBM to
@@ -1055,7 +1070,7 @@
just because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence
at your disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together
we can change the situation to the point where companies will make
-more profit calling it “GNU/Linux”.</p>
+more profit calling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="reserve">Wouldn't it be better to
@@ -1066,7 +1081,7 @@
The widespread practice of adding <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software to the GNU/Linux
system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users
that <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software is ok, and that
using it is part of the spirit
-of “Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of
their mission to
+of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> Many
“Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission to
help users use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> add-ons, and may even
invite salesmen to come
and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping
the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span>
@@ -1089,7 +1104,8 @@
With this understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions
that include <span class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> software as
perverted, adulterated versions of
GNU, instead of thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of
-Linux”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>Linux”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Linux.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
It is very useful to start GNU/Linux User Groups, which call the
system GNU/Linux and adopt the ideals of the GNU Project as a basis
@@ -1129,8 +1145,9 @@
GNU Hurd to work, we might have done that. (Alas, that is hindsight.)
<p>
If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as
-“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU
system
-and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> that
would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system
+and labeling it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span> That wasn't
right, and we don't
want to act like that.</p>
</dd>
@@ -1149,7 +1166,7 @@
<p>
The people who had made the changes showed little interest in
cooperating with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care
-about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”.
+about working with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux <span
class="removed"><del><strong>user”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>user.”</em></ins></span>
That came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to
other systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their
changes installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was
@@ -1157,7 +1174,7 @@
only) group that was unwilling to work with us.</p>
<p>
It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a
-version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was
+version of the GNU system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> and that this
confusion was
obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” is
our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the
“Linux” misnomer.</p>
@@ -1176,8 +1193,8 @@
convention be applied to all programs that are GPL'ed? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#allgpled">#allgpled</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-We never refer to individual programs as
“GNU/<i>name</i>”. When a program
-is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>”.
+We never refer to individual programs as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/<i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/<i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
When a program
+is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <span
class="removed"><del><strong><i>name</i>”.</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em><i>name</i>.”</em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU, the operating system, is made up of many different programs.
Some of the programs in GNU were written as part of the GNU Project or
@@ -1230,15 +1247,17 @@
<p>
No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system;
therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from
-Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not
-Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this,
+Unix. The name <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span> which stands for
“GNU's Not
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix,”</em></ins></span> is a humorous
way of giving credit to Unix for this,
following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the
70s.</p>
<p>
The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not
-TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO.”</em></ins></span> The author of
TINT wrote another implementation of TECO
(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of
-calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
TECO”, he
+calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em>
<span class="removed"><del><strong>TECO”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>TECO,”</em></ins></span> he
thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking
means: <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html">playful</em></ins></span>
cleverness</a>.)</p>
@@ -1248,7 +1267,7 @@
program that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its
name was “Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name,
such
as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same
spirit we called our
-replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”.</p>
+replacement for Unix “GNU's Not <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Unix”.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to
give it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar
@@ -1256,7 +1275,8 @@
threatened to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is
why each of the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary,
like Unix) had a completely different name that didn't include
-“Unix”.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Unix”.</p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Unix.”</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="bsd">Should we say “GNU/BSD”
@@ -1287,7 +1307,7 @@
why the name “GNU/Linux” is appropriate for it.</p>
<p>
There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its
-developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
+developers call it “Debian <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/NetBSD”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/NetBSD,”</em></ins></span> but
“GNU/kernelofNetBSD”
would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire system, not just
the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the system
is the same as the GNU/Linux system.</p>
@@ -1298,7 +1318,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
-Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of
GNU
+Not in the same sense that we mean by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux.”</em></ins></span> The
tools of GNU
are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU
system, and underneath them you would still have another complete
operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all,
@@ -1349,7 +1369,7 @@
the two have very little code in common. In fact, the only thing they
have in common is Linux.</p>
<p>
-If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”,
+If you call the whole GNU/Linux system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span>
you will find it necessary to say things like, “Android contains
Linux, but it isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux
[sic] libraries and utilities [meaning the GNU system].”</p>
@@ -1370,7 +1390,7 @@
people will</em></ins></span> not <span class="inserted"><ins><em>understand
the intended meaning.
<p>
The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as
-“using Linux”. It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
+“using Linux.” It's like having</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>meaningful question because</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>conversation, then
saying you were conversing with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU
system does not have precise boundaries.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>person's intestines or the
person's circulatory system.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1380,7 +1400,7 @@
Linux” when it's really GNU/Linux,</em></ins></span> by <span
class="removed"><del><strong>a community. It includes far
more than just</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>way
of</em></ins></span> the <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU software
packages (of which we have</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>usual
misunderstanding: thinking of the whole system as
-“Linux”.</p>
+“Linux.”</p>
<p>
Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as
different as driving</em></ins></span> a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>specific
@@ -1390,8 +1410,8 @@
fact</em></ins></span> that <span class="removed"><del><strong>yields
GNU/Linux.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>a car and a
bicycle both have a structure of metal is
irrelevant to using those two.</em></ins></span> If you <span
class="removed"><del><strong>use part</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>wish to talk about using cars
-and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”
-— not unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
+and bikes, you wouldn't speak</em></ins></span> of <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“riding metal objects”—not
+unless you're playing games with</em></ins></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>GNU system</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>reader. You would
say, “using cars</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>omit part, there is
no meaningful</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>bikes.” Likewise, the clear</em></ins></span>
way to <span class="removed"><del><strong>say “how much” you
used.</p>
<p>
@@ -1444,7 +1464,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the
kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project
-or label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole
+or label it as <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU.”</em></ins></span> When we talk
about the whole
system, the name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>credit.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>credit.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1455,13 +1475,17 @@
agree that Linux is just the kernel? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#linusagreed">#linusagreed</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
-<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes
+<p>He recognized this at the beginning. The <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a
+href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
+earliest Linux release <span class="removed"><del><strong>notes
said, <a
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-“Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the
+href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01">
+“Most</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>notes</a> said:</p>
+<blockquote><p>
+Most</em></ins></span> of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are
under the
GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU)
-for more info”</a>.</p>
+for more <span
class="removed"><del><strong>info”</a>.</p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>info.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="finishhurd">Why not finish the GNU Hurd kernel, release the GNU
system
@@ -1489,7 +1513,7 @@
This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the
system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by
“society”: each person, each organization, can decide what
-name to use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but
+name to use. You can't make others say <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> but
you can decide to call the system “GNU/Linux”
yourself—and by doing so, you will help educate <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1502,10 +1526,10 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect
pictures are being spread more or less by various people. If you call
-the system “GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's
true
+the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will help others learn the system's true
history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer
everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If
-only a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you
will
+only a few hundred people see you use the term <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> you
will
have educated a substantial number of people with very little work.
And some of them will spread the correction to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>others.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>others.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1517,14 +1541,15 @@
<dd>
If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your
effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as
-calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently.
+calling the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
uses your time inefficiently.
<p>
It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not
propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay
attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's
origin. But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others
whenever they talk about the system. They will probably just call it
-“Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread
the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux.”</em></ins></span>
Without particularly intending to, they will help spread the
incorrect picture.</p>
<p>
It is inefficient because it takes a lot more time. Saying and
@@ -1590,7 +1615,8 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system
-“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU/Linux”,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU/Linux,”</em></ins></span> and
we ask you to do it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>too.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>too.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
<dt id="whynotsue">Why not sue people who call
@@ -1634,7 +1660,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="deserve">Since you failed to put
- something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system
“GNU”,
+ something in the GNU GPL to require people to call the system <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“GNU”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“GNU,”</em></ins></span>
you deserve what happened; why are you complaining now? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#deserve">#deserve</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
@@ -1660,7 +1686,7 @@
</dd>
<dt id="somanyright">Since many people call
-it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? <span
class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
+it <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> doesn't that
make it right? <span class="anchor-reference-id">(<a
href="#somanyright">#somanyright</a>)</span></dt>
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
@@ -1673,7 +1699,7 @@
<dd>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p></em></ins></span>
Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux”
-includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking
+includes <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“Linux”,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“Linux,”</em></ins></span> they will
recognize what you're talking
about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as
‘Linux’)” once in a while, they will all <span
class="removed"><del><strong>understand.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>understand.</p></em></ins></span>
</dd>
@@ -1754,7 +1780,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 10:37:08 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.49
retrieving revision 1.50
diff -u -b -r1.49 -r1.50
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.uk.po 31 Aug 2021 10:37:08 -0000 1.49
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.50
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-02 17:28+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <>\n"
@@ -33,10 +33,15 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Ð ÑÑаÑд СÑолмен"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"Ðоли лÑди баÑаÑÑ, Ñо ми викоÑиÑÑовÑÑмо Ñ
ÑекомендÑÑмо Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ “GNU/"
@@ -249,11 +254,17 @@
"бÑде непÑавилÑно називаÑи ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо
“GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">Якби Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑовÑвав
“Linux” Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ "
"пÑодÑкÑÑ, Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¾ÑÑ Ð± плаÑиÑи за Ñе; Ñе
вÑдноÑиÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð´Ð¾ виÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ñ “"
@@ -350,10 +361,15 @@
"GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">РозÑобники мого
диÑÑÑибÑÑива називаÑÑÑ Ð¹Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ “"
"Foobar Linux”, але Ñе нÑÑого не говоÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ñо
Ñе, з Ñого ÑкладаÑÑÑÑÑ "
@@ -605,9 +621,14 @@
"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ “GNU”?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">ÐÑкÑлÑки ви не внеÑли Ñ GNU GPL
Ð²Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñи ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
@@ -623,8 +644,12 @@
"Ñого, Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеконано Ñак багаÑо
лÑдей?</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Ð¥Ñба Ñе, Ñо багаÑо Ñ
Ñо
Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÑ “"
@@ -803,6 +828,16 @@
"ÑаÑÑ ÑÑ Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð° зайÑла вже далеко."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -810,7 +845,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ñдей, ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑ ÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ
“Linux”, нÑколи не "
"ÑÑли пÑо Ñе, Ñо Ñе не пÑавилÑно. Ðони
баÑили, Ñо ÑнÑÑ Ð²Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑ ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ Ñ "
@@ -838,22 +873,35 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\"><a href=\"#always\">#always</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"Ðе завжди — ÑÑлÑки ÑодÑ, коли ви
говоÑиÑе пÑо ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð² ÑÑломÑ. "
"Ðоли ви маÑÑе на ÑÐ²Ð°Ð·Ñ Ñаме ÑдÑо, вам ÑлÑд
називаÑи його “Linux”"
" назвоÑ, ÑÐºÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð±Ñав
ÑозÑобник."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"Ðоли лÑди називаÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ
“Linux”, вони — Ñк "
@@ -924,8 +972,13 @@
"a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -981,10 +1034,23 @@
"пÑогÑама’”</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -1040,10 +1106,17 @@
"\">(<a href=\"#everyoneknows\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -1054,11 +1127,17 @@
"GNU, ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ñколи не ÑÑли пÑо GNU”</a>
Ñоз'ÑÑнÑÑ Ñе пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð½ÑÑе."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди, ÑÐºÑ Ñак кажÑÑÑ, ймовÑÑно, ÑеÑ
наÑÑ,
ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ²Ð°Ð·Ñ ÑнÑиÑ
знайомиÑ
"
"ÑеÑ
наÑÑв. ТеÑ
наÑÑ ÑаÑÑо знаÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñо GNU,
пÑоÑе багаÑо з ниÑ
маÑÑÑ Ð°Ð±ÑолÑÑно "
@@ -1091,11 +1170,18 @@
"\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"ЯкÑо ваÑÑ Ñлова не вÑдобÑажаÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñого
знаннÑ, Ñо ви не пеÑедаÑÑе його "
"ÑнÑим. ÐÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ñдей, ÑÐºÑ ÑÑли пÑо
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU/Linux, дÑмаÑÑÑ, Ñо Ñе "
@@ -1155,14 +1241,23 @@
"\">#tools</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди, ÑÐºÑ Ð²Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð°ÑÑÑ, Ñо Linux — Ñе вÑÑ
опеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема, ÑкÑо "
"коли-небÑÐ´Ñ Ñ ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñо GNU, Ñо неÑÑдко
оÑÑимÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑавилÑне ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо "
@@ -1230,12 +1325,23 @@
"займаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÑком Ñ Ð·ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑнÑиÑ
пÑогÑам."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1251,11 +1357,20 @@
"Unix, ми вживаÑмо ÑеÑмÑн “опеÑаÑÑйна
ÑиÑÑема” в ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¶ ÑенÑÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1269,10 +1384,16 @@
"пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñого, ÑÐºÑ Ñаме ÑÑкÑпнÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑам
ви маÑÑе на ÑвазÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"ЯкÑо ви вÑддаÑÑе пеÑÐµÐ²Ð°Ð³Ñ Ð²Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñи ÑнÑий
ÑеÑмÑн, Ñк, напÑиклад, “"
@@ -1367,9 +1488,9 @@
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -1396,9 +1517,14 @@
"href=\"#notinstallable\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"ÐаÑаз доÑÑÑпно багаÑо <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">
веÑÑÑй GNU, "
@@ -1449,9 +1575,14 @@
"пеÑепакÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑÑÑоÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑаÑÑини ÑиÑÑеми
GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"Ðи Ñак Ñ Ð½Ðµ зÑобили оÑÑаннÑого кÑокÑ
випÑÑÐºÑ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ñ GNU пÑд Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ñ "
@@ -1469,13 +1600,21 @@
"reference-id\"><a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"Така пÑакÑика дÑже ÑÑдкÑÑна — ми не
знаÑ
одимо жодного ÑÑ "
"пÑикладÑ, кÑÑм непÑавилÑного вживаннÑ
назви “Linux”. ÐазвиÑай "
@@ -1531,9 +1670,14 @@
"href=\"#long\">#long</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"ÐеÑкий ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ намагалиÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑовÑваÑи
Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ “LiGNUx”, Ñке "
@@ -1541,8 +1685,13 @@
"негаÑивноÑ. ÐÑди набагаÑо кÑаÑе
ÑпÑиймаÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ “GNU/Linux”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1590,8 +1739,13 @@
"reference-id\"><a href=\"#long2\">#long2</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1688,10 +1842,16 @@
"внеÑок в ÑиÑÑемÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑкÑлÑки багаÑо лÑдей знаÑÑÑ ÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ
Ñк “Linux”, ÑкÑо ми "
@@ -1700,10 +1860,17 @@
"зв'ÑзаÑи Ñе з Ñим, пÑо Ñо вони вже ÑÑли."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1724,9 +1891,14 @@
"але ви зовÑÑм не зобов'ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑиÑи за
пÑаво ÑобиÑи Ñе."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"Ð¢Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑкÑо ви заÑ
оÑеÑе назваÑи ÑиÑÑемÑ
пÑоÑÑо “GNU”, Ñоб не "
"плаÑиÑи за Ñе, Ñо називаÑÑе ÑÑ “Linux”,
ми Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ðµ заÑÑдимо."
@@ -1788,12 +1960,19 @@
"не ÑÑанемо з Ñим ÑпеÑеÑаÑиÑÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"Ð ÑÐ·Ð½Ñ Ð¼ÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑиÑи
пÑизводÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑÑзниÑ
ваÑÑанÑÑв назви "
"ÑиÑÑеми. Ðле одна назва не може виникнÑÑи
з мÑÑкÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑпÑаведливоÑÑÑ Ñа "
@@ -1814,7 +1993,7 @@
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
@@ -1861,11 +2040,17 @@
"\">#allsmall</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"У 2008 ÑоÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸ виÑвили, Ñо пакеÑи GNU
ÑÑановили 15% ÑоздÑÐ»Ñ “"
"main” диÑÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ñ GNU/Linux gNewSense. Ðа ÑаÑÑкÑ
Linux довелоÑÑ 1,5%. "
@@ -1930,9 +2115,16 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1967,7 +2159,7 @@
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -1980,11 +2172,18 @@
"не Ñ
оÑÑли б називаÑи ÑÑ Ñак, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо Ñе
пÑизвело б до Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð»ÑÑанини."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ðи говоÑимо пÑо веÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑйноÑ
ÑиÑÑеми GNU, Ñка вÑдÑÑзнÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑвнÑÑÑÑ "
"Linux в ÑкоÑÑÑ ÑдÑа. Ðнак “дÑÑб” пÑдÑ
одиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑаÑÑÑ, бо "
@@ -1993,11 +2192,17 @@
"“GNU/Linux”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"ÐаÑÐ²Ð½Ñ ÑнÑÑ ÑпоÑоби виÑловиÑи
“комбÑнаÑÑÑ”. ЯкÑо ви вважаÑÑе, Ñо "
"знак “плÑÑ” зÑозÑмÑлÑÑий, бÑдÑ
лаÑка, вживайÑе його. ФÑанÑÑзÑÐºÐ¾Ñ "
@@ -2042,7 +2247,7 @@
#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"ÐгÑдно з пÑавилами англÑйÑÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¸, в
конÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑ “GNU Linux” "
@@ -2084,8 +2289,13 @@
"ÑÑановиÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð½Ð¸Ð¶Ñий ÑÑвенÑ, а GNU заповнÑÑ
ÑеÑ
нÑÑно виÑÑ ÑÑвÑи."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -2094,8 +2304,14 @@
"повнÑÑÑÑ ÑгноÑÑÑÑÑ GNU Ñ ÑÑвоÑÑÑÑÑ
видимÑÑÑÑ, Ñо вÑÑ ÑиÑÑема Ñ Ñ Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -2160,11 +2376,17 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"СказаÑи “GNU” можна за ÑкÑÑÑ ÑекÑндÑ.
ЯкÑо ви ÑÑнÑÑÑе ÑиÑÑемÑ, "
"ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¸ ÑозÑобили, Ñ
Ñба ви не можеÑе
пÑидÑлиÑи Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ ÑекÑÐ½Ð´Ñ ÑомÑ, Ñоб "
@@ -2202,12 +2424,19 @@
"назва."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Ðи не можемо змÑÑиÑи ÑÑ
випÑавиÑи Ñе, але
ми не з ÑиÑ
, Ñ
Ñо здаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ñе "
"ÑомÑ, Ñо доÑога важка. У Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ðµ не бÑÑи
Ñакого Ð²Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ñ Ð² ÑвоÑÐ¼Ñ ÑеÑедовиÑÑ, "
@@ -2241,13 +2470,12 @@
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"ШиÑоко поÑиÑена пÑакÑика додаваннÑ
невÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам в ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU/"
"Linux — Ñе ÑеÑйозна пÑоблема наÑого
ÑпÑвÑоваÑиÑÑва. Ð¦Ñ Ð¿ÑакÑика "
@@ -2296,7 +2524,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Щоб вказаÑи Ñим коÑиÑÑÑваÑам на зв'Ñзок зÑ
ÑвободоÑ, поÑÑÑбно ÑиниÑи ÑкÑаз "
"навпаки: необÑ
Ñдно поÑнÑоÑмÑваÑи ÑÑ
пÑо
Ñе, Ñо ÑÑÑ ÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми "
@@ -2397,11 +2625,17 @@
"жалÑ, не повеÑнеÑ)."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"ЯкÑо б ми взÑли ÑÑнÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ GNU/Linux Ñ
пеÑейменÑвали ÑÑ Ð² “"
"GNU”, Ñе бÑло б пÑиблизно Ñе ж Ñаме, Ñо
взÑÑи веÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми Ñ GNU "
@@ -2436,11 +2670,21 @@
"неÑÑеÑпнÑ; вони вимагали коÑекÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑед
пÑийнÑÑÑÑм."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2454,9 +2698,16 @@
"гÑÑпоÑ, Ñо не Ð±Ð°Ð¶Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑаÑÑваÑи з нами."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2498,10 +2749,14 @@
"\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"Ðи нÑколи не згадÑÑмо пÑо окÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами
Ñк “GNU/[назва]”. ЯкÑо "
"пÑогÑама Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ з пакÑнкÑв GNU, Ñо ми
можемо називаÑи ÑÑ “GNU [назва]"
@@ -2615,10 +2870,18 @@
"пÑогÑами або навÑÑÑ ÑÑ
Ð½Ñ ÑаÑÑини з Unix; вÑе
доводилоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑи заново."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2641,10 +2904,10 @@
#| "means: <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2657,13 +2920,21 @@
"доÑепнÑÑÑÑ</a>.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐнÑим Ñ
акеÑам Ñак ÑподобалоÑÑ ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°, Ñо
ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ñали наÑлÑдÑваÑи. СÑало "
"ÑÑадиÑÑÑÑ, Ñо, коли ви пиÑали з нÑлÑ
пÑогÑамÑ, подÑÐ±Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð¾ деÑÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑÑнÑÑÑÑй "
@@ -2674,13 +2945,21 @@
"— Ñе не Unix”."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑоÑиÑно ÑклалоÑÑ, Ñо AT&T, Ñка ÑозÑобила
Unix, не Ñ
оÑÑла, Ñоб Ñ
Ñо-"
"небÑÐ´Ñ Ð²Ñддавав Ñй належне ÑлÑÑ
ом
Ð²Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ “Unix” Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ñ "
@@ -2760,9 +3039,16 @@
"Linux” Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑдÑ
одиÑÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2783,8 +3069,15 @@
"href=\"#othersys\">#othersys</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2891,8 +3184,14 @@
"дÑже мало ÑпÑлÑного. ÐаÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð´Ñ ÑпÑлÑне в
ниÑ
ÑÑлÑки одне: Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2931,7 +3230,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
@@ -2939,7 +3238,7 @@
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
@@ -2949,7 +3248,7 @@
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -3042,11 +3341,17 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\"><a href=\"#claimlinux\">#claimlinux</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"Це бÑло б неÑеÑно, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ Ñак не Ñобимо. Ð
обоÑа ТоÑвалÑдÑа — "
"Linux (ÑдÑо); ми акÑÑаÑно намагаÑмоÑÑ Ð½Ðµ
пÑипиÑÑваÑи ÑÑ ÑобоÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ GNU "
@@ -3071,11 +3376,28 @@
#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"СпоÑаÑÐºÑ Ð²Ñн визнавав Ñе. У пÑимÑÑкаÑ
до
Ñамого ÑаннÑого випÑÑÐºÑ Linux "
+"Ñказано: “ÐÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑнÑÑÑÑменÑÑв, Ñо
викоÑиÑÑовÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· linux, Ñ "
+"пÑогÑамами GNU Ñ Ð¿ÑдпоÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑлеÑÑÑ
GNU. Ð¦Ñ ÑнÑÑÑÑменÑи не ÑвÑйÑли до "
+"диÑÑÑибÑÑив звеÑÑайÑеÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ мене
(або в GNU) за додаÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ "
+"ÑнÑоÑмаÑÑÑÑ”<a href=\"#ft1\">[1]</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"СпоÑаÑÐºÑ Ð²Ñн визнавав Ñе. У пÑимÑÑкаÑ
до
Ñамого ÑаннÑого випÑÑÐºÑ Linux "
"Ñказано: “ÐÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑнÑÑÑÑменÑÑв, Ñо
викоÑиÑÑовÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· linux, Ñ "
@@ -3133,11 +3455,19 @@
"reference-id\"><a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3159,13 +3489,23 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\"><a href=\"#whatgood\">#whatgood</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -3190,10 +3530,16 @@
"href=\"#explain\">#explain</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"ЯкÑо ви допомагаÑÑе нам, поÑÑнÑÑÑи Ñе
лÑдÑм Ñаким Ñином, ми вдÑÑÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ за ÑÑ "
"ÑобоÑÑ, однак Ñе не найкÑаÑий меÑод. Це не
пÑизводиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑакиÑ
ÑезÑлÑÑаÑами, "
@@ -3201,12 +3547,21 @@
"виÑÑаÑÐ°Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑаÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"Це не пÑиводиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ поÑÑÑбниÑ
ÑезÑлÑÑаÑÑв,
ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо може не дÑйÑи до "
@@ -3346,9 +3701,13 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\"><a href=\"#force\">#force</a></span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑло б неÑеÑно змÑÑÑваÑи ÑÑ
, Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ не
намагаÑмоÑÑ ÑобиÑи Ñе. Ðи називаÑмо "
"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ “GNU/Linux” Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑимо Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑиниÑи
Ñак Ñамо."
@@ -3443,9 +3802,15 @@
"виÑазом “лÑÑензÑÑ BSD”, не згадÑÑÑи
пÑо Ñе, Ñка Ñаме Ñе лÑÑензÑÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3498,8 +3863,13 @@
"пÑогÑамне забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ðµ Ñ
пÑийнÑÑне."
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3522,9 +3892,15 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-linux-faq.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-linux-faq.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.21
retrieving revision 1.22
diff -u -b -r1.21 -r1.22
--- po/gnu-linux-faq.zh-cn.po 8 Sep 2021 08:33:18 -0000 1.21
+++ po/gnu-linux-faq.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.22
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-linux-faq.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-31 10:27+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-08 16:05+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "GNU/Linux FAQ - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -27,10 +28,15 @@
msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman è"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
+#| "that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+#| "Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgid ""
"When people see that we use and recommend the name GNU/Linux for a system "
-"that many others call just “Linux”, they ask many questions. "
+"that many others call just “Linux,” they ask many questions. "
"Here are common questions, and our answers."
msgstr ""
"å½äººä»¬çå°æ们使ç¨å¹¶å»ºè®®GNU/Linuxä½ä¸ºç³»ç»å称ï¼èå
¶ä»äººç§°ä¹ä¸º“"
@@ -230,11 +236,17 @@
"GNU”æéåï¼</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
+#| "Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+#| "“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#trademarkfee\">I would have to pay a fee if I use “"
"Linux” in the name of a product, and that would also apply if I say "
-"“GNU/Linux”. Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
-"“Linux”, to save the fee?</a>"
+"“GNU/Linux.” Is it wrong if I use “GNU” without "
+"“Linux,” to save the fee?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a
href=\"#trademarkfee\">å¦æ产åå称使稓Linux”è¦ä»è´¹ï¼é£ä¹ä½¿ç¨"
"“GNU/Linux”ä¹ä¸æ
·ä»è´¹ãé¾é使稓GNU”èä¸å¸¦“"
@@ -315,10 +327,15 @@
"GNU”ï¼</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
-msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
-"Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists "
-"of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar "
+#| "Linux”, but that doesn't say anything about what the system "
+#| "consists of. Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#distronames0\">My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,"
+"” but that doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. "
+"Why shouldn't they call it whatever they like?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#distronames0\">åè¡ççå¼åè
å«å®“Foobar
Linux”ï¼ä½æ¯"
"该åå没æå
³äºç³»ç»ç»æçä»»ä½ä¿¡æ¯ãä»ä»¬ä¸ºä»ä¹ä¸è½æ¿æå«ä»ä¹å°±å«ä»ä¹å¢ï¼</a>"
@@ -551,9 +568,14 @@
"åï¼</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
+#| "require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+#| "happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgid ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to "
-"require people to call the system “GNU”, you deserve what "
+"require people to call the system “GNU,” you deserve what "
"happened; why are you complaining now?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#deserve\">ç±äºä½ 没æå¨GNU
GPLä¸è¦æ±äººä»¬ç§°è¯¥ç³»ç»ä¸º“"
@@ -566,8 +588,12 @@
msgstr "<a href=\"#contradict\">å¦æä½ ä»¬ä¸åè¿ä¹å¤äººä½å¯¹ï¼æ
åµä¸æ¯æ´å¥½åï¼</a>"
#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+#| "doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgid ""
-"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux”, "
+"<a href=\"#somanyright\">Since many people call it “Linux,” "
"doesn't that make it right?</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a
href=\"#somanyright\">ç±äºè®¸å¤äººé½å«å®“Linux”ï¼ä¸æ£è¯´æè¿æ¯æ£"
@@ -719,6 +745,16 @@
"é¢ï¼å¹¶è¯·æ±äººä»¬æ´æ¹ãé£æ¶ï¼è¿ä¸ªæ··æ·å·²ç»é¥é¥é¢å
äºã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never "
+#| "heard why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name "
+#| "and assume it must be right. The name “Linux” also spreads a "
+#| "false picture of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that "
+#| "the system's history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they "
+#| "often believe its development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. "
+#| "This false picture tends to reinforce the idea that the system should be "
+#| "called “Linux”."
msgid ""
"Most of the people who call the system “Linux” have never heard "
"why that's not the right thing. They saw others using that name and assume "
@@ -726,7 +762,7 @@
"of the system's origin, because people tend to suppose that the system's "
"history was such as to fit that name. For instance, they often believe its "
"development was started by Linus Torvalds in 1991. This false picture tends "
-"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux”."
+"to reinforce the idea that the system should be called “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"大å¤æ°ç§°è¯¥ç³»ç»ä¸º“Linux”ç人ä»æ¥æ²¡æå¬è¯´è¿ä¸ºä»ä¹è¿ä¸å¯¹ãä»ä»¬çå°å
¶"
"ä»äººè¿ä¹ç¨ï¼å°±çæå½ç¶å°è®¤ä¸ºè¿ä¸å®æ¯å¯¹çã“Linux”è¿ä¸ªååè¿ä¼
æäº"
@@ -749,21 +785,34 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#always\">#always</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
+#| "you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
+#| "Linux”, the name its developer chose."
msgid ""
"Not always—only when you're talking about the whole system. When "
-"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “"
-"Linux”, the name its developer chose."
+"you're referring specifically to the kernel, you should call it “Linux,"
+"” the name its developer chose."
msgstr ""
"ä¸æ¯æ»è¦—åªæå½æ们å¨è°è®ºæ´ä¸ªç³»ç»æ¶ãå¦æä½
ç¹æå
æ ¸ï¼é£ä¹ä½ åºè¯¥è¯´"
"“Linux”ï¼å
¶å¼åè
éæ©çååã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence "
+#| "they call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes "
+#| "many kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a "
+#| "statement is about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole "
+#| "system “GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “"
+#| "Linux”, you avoid the ambiguity."
msgid ""
-"When people call the whole system “Linux”, as a consequence they "
+"When people call the whole system “Linux,” as a consequence they "
"call the whole system by the same name as the kernel. This causes many "
"kinds of confusion, because only experts can tell whether a statement is "
"about the kernel or the whole system. By calling the whole system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, and calling the kernel “Linux”, you avoid the "
+"GNU/Linux,” and calling the kernel “Linux,” you avoid the "
"ambiguity."
msgstr ""
"å½äººä»¬ç§°æ´ä¸ªç³»ç»ä¸º“Linux”æ¶ï¼å
¶åæå°±æ¯ä»ä»¬ç¨å
æ ¸çååæ¥ç§°å¼æ´ä¸ª"
@@ -825,8 +874,13 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#divide\">#divide</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+#| "people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
+#| "operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgid ""
-"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux”, we are not dividing "
+"When we ask people to say “GNU/Linux,” we are not dividing "
"people. We are asking them to give the GNU Project credit for the GNU "
"operating system. This does not criticize anyone or push anyone away."
msgstr ""
@@ -873,10 +927,23 @@
"æºé失äºèªç±è½¯ä»¶çéç¹</a>ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of "
+#| "attention people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People "
+#| "who value freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”, and people who learn that the system is “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” are more likely to pay attention to our philosophical "
+#| "arguments for freedom and community (which is why the choice of name for "
+#| "the system makes a real difference for society). However, the "
+#| "disagreement would probably exist even if everyone knew the system's real "
+#| "origin and its proper name, because the issue is a real one. It can only "
+#| "go away if we who value freedom either persuade everyone (which won't be "
+#| "easy) or are defeated entirely (let's hope not)."
msgid ""
"The disagreement over values partially aligns with the amount of attention "
"people pay to the GNU Project's role in our community. People who value "
-"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux”, and "
+"freedom are more likely to call the system “GNU/Linux,” and "
"people who learn that the system is “GNU/Linux” are more likely "
"to pay attention to our philosophical arguments for freedom and community "
"(which is why the choice of name for the system makes a real difference for "
@@ -924,10 +991,17 @@
"\">#everyoneknows</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public "
+#| "in general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about "
+#| "the system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that "
+#| "GNU stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU "
+#| "Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgid ""
"Experience shows that the system's users, and the computer-using public in "
"general, often know nothing about the GNU system. Most articles about the "
-"system do not mention the name “GNU”, or the ideals that GNU "
+"system do not mention the name “GNU,” or the ideals that GNU "
"stands for. <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\">GNU Users "
"Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a> explains further."
msgstr ""
@@ -937,11 +1011,17 @@
"解éã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they "
+#| "know. Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong "
+#| "idea of what GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a "
+#| "href=\"#tools\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
msgid ""
"The people who say this are probably geeks thinking of the geeks they know. "
"Geeks often do know about GNU, but many have a completely wrong idea of what "
-"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of <a href=\"#tools"
-"\">“tools”</a>, or a project to develop tools."
+"GNU is. For instance, many think it is a collection of “<a href="
+"\"#tools\">tools</a>,” or a project to develop tools."
msgstr ""
"é®è¿ä¸ªé®é¢ç人å¯è½è®¤ä¸ºä»ä»¬è®¤è¯çæ客<sup><a
href=\"#TransNote1\">1</a></sup>"
"æ±æè¿ä¸ªæ³æ³ãæ客é常ç¥éGNUï¼ä½æ¯å¾å¤æ客å
³äºGNUçæ¦å¿µæ¯å®å
¨é误çãæ¯å¦ï¼"
@@ -970,11 +1050,18 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#everyoneknows2\">#everyoneknows2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
+#| "people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
+#| "Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
+#| "intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who "
+#| "will?"
msgid ""
"If your words don't reflect your knowledge, you don't teach others. Most "
-"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “"
-"Linux”, that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was "
-"intended to be “open source”. If you don't tell them, who will?"
+"people who have heard of the GNU/Linux system think it is “Linux,"
+"” that it was started by Linus Torvalds, and that it was intended to "
+"be “open source.” If you don't tell them, who will?"
msgstr ""
"å¦æä½ è¯´çè¯æ²¡æ表达åºä½ ç认è¯ï¼é£ä¹ä½
ä¸æ¯å¨æè²å«äººã大å¤æ°å¬å°è¿GNU/Linuxç³»"
"ç»ç人认为è¿å°±æ¯“Linux”ï¼èå®æ¯ç±Linus
Torvaldså¼å§çï¼å¹¶ä¸å®è¦å"
@@ -1026,14 +1113,23 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#tools\">#tools</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
+#| "about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
+#| "that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say "
+#| "“programming tools”, since some of our programming tools "
+#| "became popular on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name "
+#| "of an operating system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in "
+#| "which that operating system is labeled “Linux”."
msgid ""
"People who think that Linux is an entire operating system, if they hear "
"about GNU at all, often get a wrong idea of what GNU is. They may think "
"that GNU is the name of a collection of programs—often they say “"
-"programming tools”, since some of our programming tools became popular "
+"programming tools,” since some of our programming tools became popular "
"on their own. The idea that “GNU” is the name of an operating "
"system is hard to fit into a conceptual framework in which that operating "
-"system is labeled “Linux”."
+"system is labeled “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"认为Linuxå°±æ¯æ´ä¸ªæä½ç³»ç»ç人ï¼å¦æ对GNUææè³é»ï¼å¯¹ä»ä¹æ¯GNUçæ¦å¿µå¾å¾æ¯é误"
"çãä»ä»¬æ许认为GNUæ¯ä¸ä¸ªç¨åºéåçåå—ä»ä»¬å¸¸å¸¸ç§°ä¹ä¸º“ç¼ç¨å·¥å
·"
@@ -1090,12 +1186,23 @@
"å§åç»æ¢å
¶ä»ç¨åºã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating "
+#| "system” to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go "
+#| "back many years. The use of “operating system” to mean "
+#| "“kernel” is found in a number of textbooks on system design, "
+#| "going back to the 80s. At the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix "
+#| "operating system” was understood to include all the system "
+#| "programs, and Berkeley's version of Unix included even games. Since we "
+#| "intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating system, we use the term “"
+#| "operating system” in the same way."
msgid ""
"To confuse matters, some people use the term “operating system” "
-"to mean “kernel”. Both uses of the term go back many years. "
-"The use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is "
-"found in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At "
-"the same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
+"to mean “kernel.” Both uses of the term go back many years. The "
+"use of “operating system” to mean “kernel” is found "
+"in a number of textbooks on system design, going back to the 80s. At the "
+"same time, in the 80s, the “Unix operating system” was "
"understood to include all the system programs, and Berkeley's version of "
"Unix included even games. Since we intended GNU to be a Unix-like operating "
"system, we use the term “operating system” in the same way."
@@ -1108,11 +1215,20 @@
"“æä½ç³»ç»”ä¸è¯æ¶æ¯æåUnixä¸æ ·çææã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
+#| "system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
+#| "sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
+#| "you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you "
+#| "mean just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, "
+#| "but please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which "
+#| "body of software you mean."
msgid ""
"Most of the time when people speak of the “Linux operating "
"system” they are using “operating system” in the same "
"sense we use: they mean the whole collection of programs. If that's what "
-"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux”. If you mean "
+"you are referring to, please call it “GNU/Linux.” If you mean "
"just the kernel, then “Linux” is the right name for it, but "
"please say “kernel” also to avoid ambiguity about which body of "
"software you mean."
@@ -1123,10 +1239,16 @@
"ç¡®çååï¼ä½æ¯è¯·ä½ ä¹å 专å
æ ¸”æ¥é¿å
æ··æ·ä½
è¦ææçç¨åºã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
+#| "distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of "
+#| "“operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about "
+#| "GNU/Linux system distributions."
msgid ""
"If you prefer to use some other term such as “system "
"distribution” for the entire collection of programs, instead of “"
-"operating system”, that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
+"operating system,” that's fine. Then you would talk about GNU/Linux "
"system distributions."
msgstr ""
"å¦æä½
æ´ç±ä½¿ç¨è¯¸å¦“ç³»ç»åè¡ç”ä¹ç±»çè¯æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºæ´ä¸ªç³»ç»éåï¼èä¸ç¨"
@@ -1210,12 +1332,20 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” "
+#| "are using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, "
+#| "editors, window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of "
+#| "programs, even to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since "
+#| "Torvalds didn't develop any of those, how can the system be “"
+#| "Linux”?"
msgid ""
"The people who argue that way for calling the system “Linux” are "
"using a double standard. An operating system requires compilers, editors, "
-"window systems, libraries, and much more — hundreds of programs, even "
-"to match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop "
-"any of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
+"window systems, libraries, and much more—hundreds of programs, even to "
+"match what BSD systems included in 1983. Since Torvalds didn't develop any "
+"of those, how can the system be “Linux”?"
msgstr ""
"è¿æ ·äºè¾©ç人æç³»ç»ç§°ä¸º “Linux” æ¯å¨ä½¿ç¨åéæ
åãæä½ç³»ç»è¿éè¦ç¼"
"è¯å¨ãç¼è¾å¨ãçªå£ç®¡çç³»ç»ãç³»ç»åºä»¥åæ´å¤——æç¾ä¸åçç¨åºï¼å³ä½¿"
@@ -1248,9 +1378,14 @@
"\">#notinstallable</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions "
+#| "of GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “"
+#| "GNU”, but GNU is what they basically are."
msgid ""
"Many <a href=\"/distros/distros.html\"> packaged and installable versions of "
-"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU”, but "
+"GNU</a> are available. None of them is called simply “GNU,” but "
"GNU is what they basically are."
msgstr ""
"æ许å¤<a href=\"/distros/distros.html\">æ好å
çãå¯å®è£
çGNUçæ¬</a>ãå®ä»¬é½"
@@ -1296,9 +1431,14 @@
"éæ°æå
äºå¤§éçGNUç³»ç»ç软件å
ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
+#| "GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+#| "operating system."
msgid ""
-"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “"
-"GNU”, but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
+"We never took the last step of packaging GNU under the name “GNU,"
+"” but that doesn't alter what kind of thing GNU is. GNU is an "
"operating system."
msgstr ""
"æ们ä»æ¥æ²¡æè¸åºæåä¸æ¥—稓GNU”ä¹åæå
GNUï¼ä½æ¯è¿å¹¶ä¸æ¹å"
@@ -1314,13 +1454,21 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#afterkernel\">#afterkernel</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples "
+#| "other than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an "
+#| "operating system is developed as a single unified project, and the "
+#| "developers choose a name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually "
+#| "does not have a name of its own—instead, people say “the "
+#| "kernel of such-and-such” or “the such-and-such kernel”."
msgid ""
"That practice seems to be very rare—we can't find any examples other "
-"than the misuse of the name “Linux”. Normally an operating "
+"than the misuse of the name “Linux.” Normally an operating "
"system is developed as a single unified project, and the developers choose a "
"name for the system as a whole. The kernel usually does not have a name of "
"its own—instead, people say “the kernel of such-and-such” "
-"or “the such-and-such kernel”."
+"or “the such-and-such kernel.”"
msgstr ""
"è¿ä¸ªç¨æ³ä¼¼ä¹é常ç½è§—é¤äºè¢«éç¨ç“Linux”ä¹å¤ï¼æ们没ææ¾å°"
"å
¶ä»çä¾åãé常ï¼æä½ç³»ç»æ¯ä½ä¸ºä¸ä¸ªç»ä¸ç项ç®å¼åçï¼èä¸å
¶å¼å人åä¼ä¸ºæ´ä¸ª"
@@ -1369,17 +1517,27 @@
"\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#long\">#long</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the "
+#| "words “GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very "
+#| "bad. People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgid ""
-"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx”, which combines the words "
-"“GNU” and “Linux”. The reaction was very bad. "
+"For a while we tried the name “LiGNUx,” which combines the words "
+"“GNU” and “Linux.” The reaction was very bad. "
"People accept “GNU/Linux” much better."
msgstr ""
"æ段æ¶é´ï¼æ们ç¨äº“LiGNUx”è¿ä¸ªååï¼å®å并亓GNU”å"
"“Linux”两个è¯ãååºå¾ä¸å¥½ã人们æ´æ¥å“GNU/Linux”ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+#| "call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons "
+#| "given below</a>."
msgid ""
-"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU”, but we "
+"The shortest legitimate name for this system is “GNU,” but we "
"call it “GNU/Linux” <a href=\"#justgnu\"> for the reasons given "
"below</a>."
msgstr ""
@@ -1424,8 +1582,13 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#long2\">#long2</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you "
+#| "appreciate the system that we developed, can't you take one second to "
+#| "recognize our work?"
msgid ""
-"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/”. If you appreciate "
+"It only takes a second to say or type “GNU/.” If you appreciate "
"the system that we developed, can't you take one second to recognize our "
"work?"
msgstr ""
@@ -1523,10 +1686,16 @@
"é¢åºå¾çè£èªã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+#| "“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the "
+#| "same system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a "
+#| "connection to what they have heard about."
msgid ""
-"Since many people know of the system as “Linux”, if we say "
+"Since many people know of the system as “Linux,” if we say "
"“GNU” they may simply not recognize we're talking about the same "
-"system. If we say “GNU/Linux”, they can make a connection to "
+"system. If we say “GNU/Linux,” they can make a connection to "
"what they have heard about."
msgstr ""
"ç±äºè®¸å¤äººå¯¹è¯¥ç³»ç»ç认è¯æ¯“Linux”ï¼å¦ææ们说“GNU”ï¼"
@@ -1534,10 +1703,17 @@
"们就è½å¤åä»ä»¬åå
å¬è¯´çç³»ç»å»ºç«èç³»ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
+#| "product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is "
+#| "it wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save "
+#| "the fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
+#| "\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"I would have to pay a fee if I use “Linux” in the name of a "
-"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux”. Is it "
-"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux”, to save the "
+"product, and that would also apply if I say “GNU/Linux.” Is it "
+"wrong if I use “GNU” without “Linux,” to save the "
"fee? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#trademarkfee"
"\">#trademarkfee</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1556,9 +1732,14 @@
"Torvaldsåºå¾çè£èªä¹å¾å¥½ï¼ä½æ¯ä½
并没æä¹å¡è¦ä¸ºæ¤æ¯ä»è´¹ç¨ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to "
+#| "avoid paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't "
+#| "criticize you."
msgid ""
-"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU”, to avoid "
-"paying the fee for calling it “Linux”, we won't criticize you."
+"So if you want to refer to the system simply as “GNU,” to avoid "
+"paying the fee for calling it “Linux,” we won't criticize you."
msgstr ""
"æ以å¦æä½ æ³ç®å称该系ç»ä¸º“GNU”ï¼å¹¶ä»¥æ¤é¿å
å
为å«å®“"
"Linux”èä»è´¹ï¼æ们ä¸ä¼æè´£ä½ ã"
@@ -1612,12 +1793,19 @@
"æ¾ç对éï¼æ以æ è®ºä½ æä¹åï¼æ们é½ä¸ä¼å对ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for "
+#| "the system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness "
+#| "and giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
+#| "Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
+#| "contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgid ""
"Different threshold levels would lead to different choices of name for the "
"system. But one name that cannot result from concerns of fairness and "
-"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “"
-"Linux”. It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary "
-"contribution (Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
+"giving credit, not for any possible threshold level, is “Linux.” "
+"It can't be fair to give all the credit to one secondary contribution "
+"(Linux) while omitting the principal contribution (GNU)."
msgstr ""
"ä¸åçé¿åº¦ä¼å½¢æä¸åçç³»ç»å称ãä½æ¯ä¸ä¸ªååï¼æ
论æä¹æ ·çé¿åº¦éå¶ï¼é½ä¸ä¼æ¯"
"å 为èèå°å
¬å¹³åè£èªèåºç°çï¼å®å°±æ¯“Linux”ãç»äºä¸ä¸ªæ¬¡è¦è´¡ç®è
"
@@ -1634,11 +1822,18 @@
"\">#others</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the "
+#| "kernel (Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole "
+#| "(GNU). However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing "
+#| "wrong with doing so."
msgid ""
"systemd is a fairly important component, but not as important as the kernel "
"(Linux), nor as important as the basis of the system as a whole (GNU). "
"However, if you want to emphasize the presence of systemd by calling the "
-"system “GNU/systemd/Linux”, there is nothing wrong with doing so."
+"system “GNU/systemd/Linux,” there is nothing wrong with doing so."
msgstr ""
"Systemd æ¯ä¸ä¸ªç¸å½éè¦çç»ä»¶ï¼ä½æ¯å®å¹¶æ²¡æå
æ
¸ï¼Linuxï¼é£ä¹éè¦ï¼ä¹æ²¡ææ´ä¸ªç³»"
"ç»çåºç¡ï¼GNUï¼é£ä¹éè¦ãä¸è¿ï¼å¦æä½ å¼ºè°ç³»ç»ä¸æ
Systemd 并ä¸ç§°ä¹ä¸º “"
@@ -1683,11 +1878,17 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allsmall\">#allsmall</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
+#| "repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. "
+#| "So the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"In 2008, we found that GNU packages made up 15% of the “main” "
"repository of the gNewSense GNU/Linux distribution. Linux made up 1.5%. So "
-"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “"
-"Linux”."
+"the same argument would apply even more strongly to calling it “Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"å¨2008å¹´ï¼æ们åç°GNUå
å¨gNewSense
GNU/Linuxåè¡çç“主”å
ä¸å æ"
"15%ç份é¢ãLinuxå æ1.5%ç份é¢ãæ以ï¼åæ
·çäºè®®å¯¹“Linux”è¿ä¸å称"
@@ -1744,9 +1945,16 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#whyslash\">#whyslash</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Linux” the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. "
+#| "This can mean either “GNU's version of Linux” or “"
+#| "Linux, which is a GNU package.” Neither of those meanings fits the "
+#| "situation at hand."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Linux” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux”. This can mean "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Linux.” This can mean "
"either “GNU's version of Linux” or “Linux, which is a GNU "
"package.” Neither of those meanings fits the situation at hand."
msgstr ""
@@ -1766,11 +1974,20 @@
"Linuxï¼æ¯ä¸ä¸ªGNUå
”ç说æ³ä¸å¯¹ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
+#| "free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
+#| "Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
+#| "standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. "
+#| "If this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
+#| "Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be "
+#| "too confusing."
msgid ""
"We're not talking about a distinct GNU version of Linux, the kernel. The "
"free GNU/Linux distros do have a <a href=\"https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/";
"Linux-libre\">separate version of Linux</a>, since the “"
-"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs”. If "
+"standard” version contains nonfree firmware “blobs.” If "
"this were part of the GNU Project, it could be considered “GNU "
"Linux”; but we would not want to call it that, because it would be too "
"confusing."
@@ -1782,22 +1999,35 @@
"å«ï¼å 为è¿å¤ªä»¤äººè¿·æäºã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished "
+#| "by having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it "
+#| "means “combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) "
+#| "This system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/"
+#| "Linux”."
msgid ""
"We're talking about a version of GNU, the operating system, distinguished by "
"having Linux as the kernel. A slash fits the situation because it means "
-"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output”.) This "
-"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux”."
+"“combination.” (Think of “Input/Output.”) This "
+"system is the combination of GNU and Linux; hence, “GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"æ们讨论çæ¯GNUæä½ç³»ç»çä¸ä¸ªçæ¬ï¼å®ç±äºå¸¦æLinuxå
æ
¸èåºå«äºå
¶ä»GNUçæ¬ãæ"
"æ éåæ¤æ
åµï¼å
为å®è¡¨ç¤º“èåã”ï¼ç±»ä¼¼“è¾å
¥/è¾åº”ãï¼"
"该系ç»æ¯GNUåLinuxçèåï¼å æ¤ï¼å®å«“GNU/Linux”ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
-"that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
-"“GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con "
-"Linux”."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There are other ways to express “combination”. If you think "
+#| "that a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is "
+#| "clear: “GNU-Linux”. In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU "
+#| "con Linux”."
+msgid ""
+"There are other ways to express “combination.” If you think that "
+"a plus-sign is clearer, please use that. In French, a hyphen is clear: "
+"“GNU-Linux.” In Spanish, we sometimes say “GNU con Linux."
+"”"
msgstr ""
"è¿æå
¶ä»çæ¹æ³è¡¨ç¤º“èå”ãå¦æä½ è®¤ä¸ºå å·æ´æ¸
æ¥ï¼è¯·ä½¿ç¨å å·ãå¨æ³"
"è¯ä¸ï¼æ¨ªçº¿å°±å¾æ¸
æ¥ï¼“GNU-Linux”ãå¨è¥¿ççè¯ä¸ï¼æ们ææ¶è¯´“"
@@ -1832,9 +2062,15 @@
"span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU "
+#| "Emacs” the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. "
+#| "That is the right way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU "
+#| "package."
msgid ""
"Following the rules of English, in the construction “GNU Emacs” "
-"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs”. That is the right "
+"the word “GNU” modifies “Emacs.” That is the right "
"way to describe a program called Emacs which is a GNU package."
msgstr ""
"æ ¹æ®è±è¯è¯æ³è§åï¼å¨ “GNU Emcas”
è¿ä¸ªç»åä¸ï¼“GNU” ä¸"
@@ -1876,8 +2112,13 @@
"è¿ä¸æ
åµä¹æ¯æ°å½çã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that "
+#| "is a lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU "
+#| "entirely and make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgid ""
-"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU”, that is a "
+"However, if you prefer to call the system “Linux/GNU,” that is a "
"lot better than what people usually do, which is to omit GNU entirely and "
"make it seem that the whole system is Linux."
msgstr ""
@@ -1885,8 +2126,14 @@
"个系ç»å½ä½Linuxè¦å¥½å¾å¤ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that "
+#| "doesn't say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't "
+#| "they call it whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a "
+#| "href=\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux”, but that doesn't "
+"My distro's developers call it “Foobar Linux,” but that doesn't "
"say anything about what the system consists of. Why shouldn't they call it "
"whatever they like? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href="
"\"#distronames0\">#distronames0</a>)</span>"
@@ -1945,11 +2192,17 @@
"\"#distronames1\">#distronames1</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
+#| "Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, "
+#| "it's proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “"
+#| "Foobar GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"When they spread misinformation by changing “GNU” to “"
-"Linux”, and call their version of it “Foobar Linux”, it's "
+"Linux,” and call their version of it “Foobar Linux,” it's "
"proper for you to correct the misinformation by calling it “Foobar GNU/"
-"Linux”."
+"Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"å½æ人éè¿å°“GNU”æ¹ä¸º“Linux”并称å
¶ç³»ç»çæ¬ä¸º“"
"Foobar Linux”æ¥æ£å¸é误信æ¯æ¶ï¼ä½
éè¿å«è¯¥ç³»ç»ä¸º“Foobar GNU/"
@@ -1983,12 +2236,19 @@
"”æ¢å¥è¯è¯´ï¼è¯¥å
¬å¸ä¸å
³å¿ä»ä¹æ¯æ£ç¡®çã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
+#| "because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
+#| "disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can "
+#| "change the situation to the point where companies will make more profit "
+#| "calling it “GNU/Linux”."
msgid ""
"We can't make them do this right, but we're not the sort to give up just "
"because the road isn't easy. You may not have as much influence at your "
"disposal as IBM or Red Hat, but you can still help. Together we can change "
"the situation to the point where companies will make more profit calling it "
-"“GNU/Linux”."
+"“GNU/Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"æ们ä¸è½è®©å®ä»¬å¯¹æ¤åæ£ç¡®çäºï¼ä½æ¯æ们ä¸ä¼å
为åç¨è°é¾èæ¾å¼ãæè®¸ä½ çå½±åå"
"æ æ³åIBMæRed Hatç¸æ并论ï¼ä½æ¯ä½
è¿æ¯å¯ä»¥å¸®å¿çãæ们ä¸èµ·å¯ä»¥å°äºæ
æ¹åå°ä¸"
@@ -2006,16 +2266,26 @@
"\">#reserve</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux "
+#| "system is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that "
+#| "nonfree software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
+#| "Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
+#| "mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen "
+#| "to come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
+#| "helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
+#| "applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
+#| "cost of freedom."
msgid ""
"The widespread practice of adding nonfree software to the GNU/Linux system "
"is a major problem for our community. It teaches the users that nonfree "
-"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “"
-"Linux”. Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their "
-"mission to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to "
-"come and make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “"
-"helping the users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree "
-"applications and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the "
-"cost of freedom."
+"software is ok, and that using it is part of the spirit of “Linux."
+"” Many “Linux” User Groups make it part of their mission "
+"to help users use nonfree add-ons, and may even invite salesmen to come and "
+"make sales pitches for them. They adopt goals such as “helping the "
+"users” of GNU/Linux (including helping them use nonfree applications "
+"and drivers), or making the system more popular even at the cost of freedom."
msgstr ""
"对æ们ç社åºæ¥è¯´ï¼å¨ GNU/Linux ç³»ç»éæ·»å
éèªç±è½¯ä»¶çæ®éåæ³æ¯ä¸ä¸ªä¸»è¦é®é¢ã"
"å®æè²ç¨æ·éèªç±è½¯ä»¶æ¯å¯ä»¥çï¼èä¸ä½¿ç¨éèªç±è½¯ä»¶æ¯“Linux”ç²¾ç¥çä¸"
@@ -2041,6 +2311,15 @@
"们å°ä¸è½è·å¾åºå¾çä¿¡æ¯ãä»ä»¬é¦å
åªä¼ååºåºä»ä»¬ä»æ¥æ²¡æ³å°è¯¥ç³»ç»æ¯GNUã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly "
+#| "the opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
+#| "versions of GNU, that they all are based on a system that exists "
+#| "specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this "
+#| "understanding, they can start to recognize the distributions that include "
+#| "nonfree software as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of "
+#| "thinking they are proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
msgid ""
"The way to lead these users to see a connection with freedom is exactly the "
"opposite: to inform them that all these system versions <em>are</em> "
@@ -2048,7 +2327,7 @@
"specifically for the sake of the users' freedom. With this understanding, "
"they can start to recognize the distributions that include nonfree software "
"as perverted, adulterated versions of GNU, instead of thinking they are "
-"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux”."
+"proper and appropriate “versions of Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"让è¿äºç¨æ·çå°è¯¥ç³»ç»åèªç±çå
³èçæ¹æ³æ£å¥½ç¸åï¼åè¯ä»ä»¬ææè¿äºç³»ç»çæ¬<em>"
"é½æ¯</em>
GNUï¼è¿äºç³»ç»é½æ¯å»ºç«å¨ä¸ä¸ªç¹æ为ç¨æ·èªç±èåå¨çç³»ç»ä¹ä¸çãæäºè¿"
@@ -2132,11 +2411,17 @@
"ç®ãï¼"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as "
+#| "“GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the "
+#| "GNU system and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and "
+#| "we don't want to act like that."
msgid ""
"If we were to take an existing version of GNU/Linux and relabel it as “"
-"GNU”, that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
-"and labeling it “Linux”. That wasn't right, and we don't want "
-"to act like that."
+"GNU,” that would be somewhat like making a version of the GNU system "
+"and labeling it “Linux.” That wasn't right, and we don't want to "
+"act like that."
msgstr ""
"å¦ææ们使ç¨ä¸ä¸ªç°æçGNU/Linuxçæ¬å¹¶éæ°å
å为“GNU”ï¼é£ä¹å®å·®ä¸"
"å¤å°±å使ç¨ä¸ä¸ªGNUçæ¬å¹¶å 以“Linux”ä¹åä¸æ
·ãè¿ä¸å¯¹ï¼èä¸æ们ä¸æ³"
@@ -2167,11 +2452,21 @@
"è½å®è£
ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
+#| "with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
+#| "with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That "
+#| "came as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other "
+#| "systems had generally wanted to work with us to get their changes "
+#| "installed. Yet these people, developing a system that was primarily "
+#| "based on GNU, were the first (and still practically the only) group that "
+#| "was unwilling to work with us."
msgid ""
"The people who had made the changes showed little interest in cooperating "
"with us. One of them actually told us that he didn't care about working "
-"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user”. That came "
-"as a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
+"with the GNU Project because he was a “Linux user.” That came as "
+"a shock, because the people who ported GNU packages to other systems had "
"generally wanted to work with us to get their changes installed. Yet these "
"people, developing a system that was primarily based on GNU, were the first "
"(and still practically the only) group that was unwilling to work with us."
@@ -2183,9 +2478,16 @@
"æ们ä¸èµ·å·¥ä½çå¢ä½ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
+#| "version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion "
+#| "was obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/"
+#| "Linux” is our response to that problem, and to the other problems "
+#| "caused by the “Linux” misnomer."
msgid ""
"It was this experience that first showed us that people were calling a "
-"version of the GNU system “Linux”, and that this confusion was "
+"version of the GNU system “Linux,” and that this confusion was "
"obstructing our work. Asking you to call the system “GNU/Linux” "
"is our response to that problem, and to the other problems caused by the "
"“Linux” misnomer."
@@ -2222,10 +2524,14 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#allgpled\">#allgpled</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
+#| "When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
+#| "i>”."
msgid ""
-"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>”. "
-"When a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</"
-"i>”."
+"We never refer to individual programs as “GNU/<i>name</i>.” When "
+"a program is a GNU package, we may call it “GNU <i>name</i>.”"
msgstr ""
"æ们ä»æªä½¿ç¨“GNU/<i>name</i>”æ¥æ代å个çç¨åºãå½ä¸ä¸ªç¨åºæ¯ä¸ä¸ª"
"GNUå
æ¶ï¼æ们ä¹è®¸ä¼å«å®“GNU <i>name</i>”ã"
@@ -2326,10 +2632,18 @@
"ä¸è½å¤å¶Unixç¨åºï¼çè³ä¸é¨åä¹ä¸è¡ï¼ææç¨åºå¿
é¡»éæ°åèµ·ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
+#| "therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from "
+#| "Unix. The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix”, is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, "
+#| "following a hacker tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the "
+#| "70s."
msgid ""
"No code in GNU comes from Unix, but GNU is a Unix-compatible system; "
"therefore, many of the ideas and specifications of GNU do come from Unix. "
-"The name “GNU”, which stands for “GNU's Not Unix”, "
+"The name “GNU,” which stands for “GNU's Not Unix,” "
"is a humorous way of giving credit to Unix for this, following a hacker "
"tradition of recursive acronyms that started in the 70s."
msgstr ""
@@ -2338,11 +2652,20 @@
"çå¹½é»æ¹å¼ï¼è¿ä¹éµå¾ªäº70年代é»å®¢ä½¿ç¨éå½ç¼©åçä¼ ç»ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not "
+#| "TECO”. The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO "
+#| "(there were already many of them, for various systems), but instead of "
+#| "calling it by a dull name like “<em>somethingorother</em> "
+#| "TECO”, he thought of a clever amusing name. (That's what hacking "
+#| "means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\";>playful "
+#| "cleverness</a>.)"
msgid ""
-"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO”. "
+"The first such recursive acronym was TINT, “TINT Is Not TECO.” "
"The author of TINT wrote another implementation of TECO (there were already "
"many of them, for various systems), but instead of calling it by a dull name "
-"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO”, he thought of a clever "
+"like “<em>somethingorother</em> TECO,” he thought of a clever "
"amusing name. (That's what hacking means: <a href=\"https://stallman.org/";
"articles/on-hacking.html\">playful cleverness</a>.)"
msgstr ""
@@ -2353,13 +2676,21 @@
"articles/on-hacking.html\">ç©å¾æºçµ</a>ãï¼"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. "
+#| "It became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program "
+#| "that was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was "
+#| "“Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such "
+#| "as “MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same "
+#| "spirit we called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
msgid ""
"Other hackers enjoyed that name so much that we imitated the approach. It "
"became a tradition that, when you were writing from scratch a program that "
"was similar to some existing program (let's imagine its name was “"
"Klever”), you could give it a recursive acronym name, such as “"
"MINK” for “MINK Is Not Klever.” In this same spirit we "
-"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix”."
+"called our replacement for Unix “GNU's Not Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"å
¶ä»é»å®¢é常å欢è¿ä¸ªååï¼ä»ä»¬å¼å§æ¨¡ä»¿è¿ä¸ªåæ³ãè¿æäºä¸ä¸ªä¼
ç»ï¼å½ä½ éæ°å¼å§"
"åä¸ä¸ªåç°æç¨åºç±»ä¼¼çç¨åºæ¶ï¼è®¾æ³ç°æç¨åºååå«“Klever”ï¼ï¼ä½
å°±"
@@ -2368,13 +2699,21 @@
"UnixӋ"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give "
+#| "it credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, "
+#| "not even in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened "
+#| "to sue anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of "
+#| "the various modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a "
+#| "completely different name that didn't include “Unix”."
msgid ""
"Historically, AT&T which developed Unix did not want anyone to give it "
"credit by using “Unix” in the name of a similar system, not even "
"in a system 99% copied from Unix. AT&T actually threatened to sue "
"anyone giving AT&T credit in that way. This is why each of the various "
"modified versions of Unix (all proprietary, like Unix) had a completely "
-"different name that didn't include “Unix”."
+"different name that didn't include “Unix.”"
msgstr ""
"åå²ä¸ï¼å¼åäºUnixçAT&Tå´ä¸æ³å
¶ä»äººå¨ç±»ä¼¼çç³»ç»ä¸ä½¿ç¨“Unix”"
"çååæ¥åå®è´æï¼å³ä½¿æ¯99%å¤å¶Unixçç³»ç»ä¹ä¹ä¸è¡ãå®é
ä¸ï¼AT&Tæ¾å¨èä¼èµ·"
@@ -2441,9 +2780,16 @@
"åæ¯åéçã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its "
+#| "developers call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+#| "kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
+#| "system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
+#| "system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
msgid ""
"There is a version of GNU which uses the kernel from NetBSD. Its developers "
-"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD”, but “GNU/"
+"call it “Debian GNU/NetBSD,” but “GNU/"
"kernelofNetBSD” would be more accurate, since NetBSD is an entire "
"system, not just the kernel. This is not a BSD system, since most of the "
"system is the same as the GNU/Linux system."
@@ -2463,8 +2809,15 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#othersys\">#othersys</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools "
+#| "of GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the "
+#| "GNU system, and underneath them you would still have another complete "
+#| "operating system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, "
+#| "that's a very different situation from GNU/Linux."
msgid ""
-"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux”. The tools of "
+"Not in the same sense that we mean by “GNU/Linux.” The tools of "
"GNU are just a part of the GNU software, which is just a part of the GNU "
"system, and underneath them you would still have another complete operating "
"system which has no code in common with GNU. All in all, that's a very "
@@ -2559,8 +2912,14 @@
"å¯ä¸çå
±åç¹å°±æ¯Linuxã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find "
+#| "it necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it "
+#| "isn't Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and "
+#| "utilities [meaning the GNU system].”"
msgid ""
-"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux”, you will find it "
+"If you call the whole GNU/Linux system “Linux,” you will find it "
"necessary to say things like, “Android contains Linux, but it isn't "
"Linux, because it doesn't have the usual Linux [sic] libraries and utilities "
"[meaning the GNU system].”"
@@ -2598,31 +2957,53 @@
msgstr "å®å
¨ä¸å¯¹ãè¿ç§ç¨æ³å¤ªçµå¼ºï¼äººä»¬æ¯æ æ³ç¥éå
¶ç¡®åçææçã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
+#| "using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you "
+#| "were conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"The public will find it very strange to speak of using Android as “"
-"using Linux”. It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
+"using Linux.” It's like having a conversation, then saying you were "
"conversing with the person's intestines or the person's circulatory system."
msgstr ""
"å
¬ä¼ä¼è§å¾ç¨“使ç¨Linux”æ¥è¯´ä½¿ç¨Androidé常å¥æªãå°±åä½
å¨åå«äººè°"
"è¯ï¼ä½æ¯ä½ è¯´ä½ æ¯å¨åå
èæ循ç¯ç³»ç»è°è¯ä¸æ ·ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
+#| "when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: "
+#| "thinking of the whole system as “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The public <em>will</em> understand the idea of “using Linux” "
"when it's really GNU/Linux, by way of the usual misunderstanding: thinking "
-"of the whole system as “Linux”."
+"of the whole system as “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"å
¬ä¼<em>ä¼</em>æäºå®ä¸ç使ç¨GNU/Linuxç解为“使ç¨Linux”ï¼è¿å°±æ¯å¸¸"
"è§ç误解ï¼è®¤ä¸ºæ´ä¸ªç³»ç»å°±æ¯“Linux”ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different "
+#| "as driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
+#| "contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car "
+#| "and a bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those "
+#| "two. If you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak "
+#| "of “riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing "
+#| "games with the reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes."
+#| "” Likewise, the clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android "
+#| "is to say “using GNU/Linux and Android.”"
msgid ""
"Use of Android and use of GNU/Linux are totally different, as different as "
"driving a car and riding a bicycle. The fact that the first two both "
"contain Linux is irrelevant to using them, just as the fact that a car and a "
"bicycle both have a structure of metal is irrelevant to using those two. If "
"you wish to talk about using cars and bikes, you wouldn't speak of “"
-"riding metal objects” — not unless you're playing games with the "
+"riding metal objects”—not unless you're playing games with the "
"reader. You would say, “using cars and bikes.” Likewise, the "
"clear way to talk about using GNU/Linux and Android is to say “using "
"GNU/Linux and Android.”"
@@ -2701,11 +3082,17 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#claimlinux\">#claimlinux</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
+#| "kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
+#| "label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
+#| "name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong, so we don't do that. Torvalds' work is Linux, the "
"kernel; we are careful not to attribute that work to the GNU Project or "
-"label it as “GNU”. When we talk about the whole system, the "
-"name “GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
+"label it as “GNU.” When we talk about the whole system, the name "
+"“GNU/Linux” gives him a share of the credit."
msgstr ""
"å 为é£æ¯é误çï¼æ以æ们没æé£æ
·åãTorvaldsçå·¥ä½æ¯Linuxï¼å
æ ¸ï¼æ们å¾è°¨æ
ï¼"
"并没ææå®ä½ä¸ºGNUå·¥ç¨çè´¡ç®ï¼ä¹æ²¡ææå®è´´ä¸“GNU”çæ
ç¾ãå½æ们è°"
@@ -2720,12 +3107,35 @@
"(<a href=\"#linusagreed\">#linusagreed</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
-msgid ""
-"He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes said, "
-"<a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/";
-"RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software "
-"and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask "
-"me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"He recognized this at the beginning. The <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/";
+"linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> earliest Linux release "
+"notes</a> said:"
+msgstr ""
+"ä»ä¸å¼å§æ¯è¿æ ·ççãLinux ææ©çåå¸å£°ææ¾è¯´ï¼<a
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/";
+"pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">“大å¤æ°å "
+"linux ä¸èµ·ä½¿ç¨çå·¥å
·æ¯ GNU 软件ï¼æ¯ä½¿ç¨ GNU copyleft
åå¸çãè¿äºå·¥å
·ä¸å¨æ¤å"
+"å¸ä¹åââ请åæï¼æè
æ¯ GNUï¼å¨è¯¢è¯¦æ
”</a>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><blockquote><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "He recognized this at the beginning. The earliest Linux release notes "
+#| "said, <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-";
+#| "versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> “Most of the tools used with linux are "
+#| "GNU software and are under the GNU copyleft. These tools aren't in the "
+#| "distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more info”</a>."
+msgid ""
+"Most of the tools used with linux are GNU software and are under the GNU "
+"copyleft. These tools aren't in the distribution - ask me (or GNU) for more "
+"info."
msgstr ""
"ä»ä¸å¼å§æ¯è¿æ ·ççãLinux ææ©çåå¸å£°ææ¾è¯´ï¼<a
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/";
"pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">“大å¤æ°å "
@@ -2771,11 +3181,19 @@
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#lost\">#lost</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the "
+#| "system is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “"
+#| "society”: each person, each organization, can decide what name to "
+#| "use. You can't make others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can "
+#| "decide to call the system “GNU/Linux” yourself—and by "
+#| "doing so, you will help educate others."
msgid ""
"This isn't a battle, it is a campaign of education. What to call the system "
"is not a single decision, to be made at one moment by “society”: "
"each person, each organization, can decide what name to use. You can't make "
-"others say “GNU/Linux”, but you can decide to call the system "
+"others say “GNU/Linux,” but you can decide to call the system "
"“GNU/Linux” yourself—and by doing so, you will help "
"educate others."
msgstr ""
@@ -2795,13 +3213,23 @@
"</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures "
+#| "are being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true "
+#| "history, origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer "
+#| "everywhere on your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only "
+#| "a few hundred people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you "
+#| "will have educated a substantial number of people with very little work. "
+#| "And some of them will spread the correction to others."
msgid ""
"This is not an all-or-nothing situation: correct and incorrect pictures are "
"being spread more or less by various people. If you call the system “"
-"GNU/Linux”, you will help others learn the system's true history, "
+"GNU/Linux,” you will help others learn the system's true history, "
"origin, and reason for being. You can't correct the misnomer everywhere on "
"your own, any more than we can, but you can help. If only a few hundred "
-"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux”, you will have educated "
+"people see you use the term “GNU/Linux,” you will have educated "
"a substantial number of people with very little work. And some of them will "
"spread the correction to others."
msgstr ""
@@ -2821,21 +3249,36 @@
"class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#explain\">#explain</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
+#| "effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as "
+#| "calling the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time "
+#| "inefficiently."
msgid ""
"If you help us by explaining to others in that way, we appreciate your "
"effort, but that is not the best method. It is not as effective as calling "
-"the system “GNU/Linux”, and uses your time inefficiently."
+"the system “GNU/Linux,” and uses your time inefficiently."
msgstr ""
"å¦æä½ å¸®å©æ们è¿æ ·åä»äººè§£éï¼æ们æè°¢ä½
çåªåï¼ä½æ¯è¿å¹¶ä¸æ¯æ好çæ¹å¼ãå®ä¸"
"å¦ç´æ¥å«ç³»ç»ä¸º“GNU/Linux”ææï¼ä¹æ²¡æææå°å©ç¨ä½
çæ¶é´ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
+#| "propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay "
+#| "attention, and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. "
+#| "But they are unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they "
+#| "talk about the system. They will probably just call it “"
+#| "Linux”. Without particularly intending to, they will help spread "
+#| "the incorrect picture."
msgid ""
"It is ineffective because it may not sink in, and surely will not "
"propagate. Some of the people who hear your explanation will pay attention, "
"and they may learn a correct picture of the system's origin. But they are "
"unlikely to repeat the explanation to others whenever they talk about the "
-"system. They will probably just call it “Linux”. Without "
+"system. They will probably just call it “Linux.” Without "
"particularly intending to, they will help spread the incorrect picture."
msgstr ""
"å®ææä¸ä½³æ¯å 为å®å¯è½æ æ³æå¨äººå¿ï¼èä¸æ æ³å¹¿æ³ä¼
æãæäºå¬ä½ 解éç人ä¼ä¸"
@@ -2954,9 +3397,13 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#force\">#force</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
+#| "“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
msgid ""
"It would be wrong to force them, and we don't try. We call the system "
-"“GNU/Linux”, and we ask you to do it too."
+"“GNU/Linux,” and we ask you to do it too."
msgstr ""
"å¦ææ们æ¯å¼ºå¶ï¼é£ä¹æ们éäºï¼æ们没æé£æ
·ãæ们称该系ç»ä¸º“GNU/"
"Linux”ï¼å¹¶ä¸æ们ä¹è¯·æ±ä½ è¿ä¹åã"
@@ -3032,9 +3479,15 @@
"èµ·è§ï¼è¯·ä¸è¦å¨æ²¡ææç¡®æ¯åªä¸ä¸ªè®¸å¯è¯æ¶ä½¿ç¨“BSD许å¯è¯”ä¸è¯ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to "
+#| "call the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+#| "complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
+#| "\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
"Since you failed to put something in the GNU GPL to require people to call "
-"the system “GNU”, you deserve what happened; why are you "
+"the system “GNU,” you deserve what happened; why are you "
"complaining now? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#deserve"
"\">#deserve</a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3083,8 +3536,13 @@
"æ°¸è¿ä¸è½å¼ååºä¸ä¸ªèªç±çæä½ç³»ç»ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it "
+#| "right? <span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright"
+#| "\">#somanyright</a>)</span>"
msgid ""
-"Since many people call it “Linux”, doesn't that make it right? "
+"Since many people call it “Linux,” doesn't that make it right? "
"<span class=\"anchor-reference-id\">(<a href=\"#somanyright\">#somanyright</"
"a>)</span>"
msgstr ""
@@ -3105,9 +3563,15 @@
"reference-id\">(<a href=\"#knownname\">#knownname</a>)</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” "
+#| "includes “Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking "
+#| "about. If you add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘"
+#| "Linux’)” once in a while, they will all understand."
msgid ""
"Users are not incapable of learning. Since “GNU/Linux” includes "
-"“Linux”, they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
+"“Linux,” they will recognize what you're talking about. If you "
"add “(often erroneously referred to as ‘Linux’)” "
"once in a while, they will all understand."
msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-structure.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-structure.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/gnu-structure.es.po 2 Nov 2021 12:55:44 -0000 1.6
+++ po/gnu-structure.es.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.7
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-structure.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-06 08:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-04-19 00:34+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: \n"
"Language-Team: Spanish\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.6\n"
@@ -27,28 +28,23 @@
" La estructura y administración del Proyecto GNU - Proyecto GNU - Free "
"Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The Structure and Administration of the GNU Project"
msgstr "La estructura y administración del Proyecto GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <address>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# | [-<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>-]{+Version 1.0.1+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+msgid "Version 1.0.1"
+msgstr "<strong>Versión 1.0.1</strong>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr "por Brandon Invergo y Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
-msgstr "<strong>Versión 1.0.1</strong>"
-
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
-"also available."
-msgstr ""
-"Este documento también está disponible en el <a
href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org"
-"\">formato Org</a>."
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
"The GNU Project develops and maintains the <a href=\"/gnu/about-gnu.html"
"\">GNU operating system</a>. Through this work, and other related "
"activities, the GNU Project advocates and promotes <a href=\"/philosophy/"
@@ -61,7 +57,29 @@
"philosophy.html\">libertad del software</a>, filosofÃa central del "
"movimiento del software libre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | An operating system consists of many software components that together
+# | make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level
+# | functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as
+# | well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that
+# | users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across
+# | this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and
+# | released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU
+# | [-packages”.-] {+packages.”+} The GNU system also includes
+# | components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free
+# | programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU Project.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "An operating system consists of many software components that together "
+#| "make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level "
+#| "functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as "
+#| "well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that "
+#| "users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across "
+#| "this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed "
+#| "and released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU "
+#| "packages”. The GNU system also includes components that are <a "
+#| "href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free programs</a> released by other "
+#| "developers, outside of the GNU Project."
msgid ""
"An operating system consists of many software components that together make "
"a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level functionality, "
@@ -69,9 +87,9 @@
"programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that users explicitly "
"run. The GNU operating system comprises software across this entire "
"spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and released by "
-"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages”. The GNU "
-"system also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
-"html\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
+"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages.” The GNU system "
+"also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html"
+"\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
"Project."
msgstr ""
"Un sistema operativo está formado por muchos componentes de software que, "
@@ -86,7 +104,7 @@
"categories.html\">programas libres</a> publicados por otros desarrolladores "
"fuera del Proyecto GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Just as the programs composing an operating system must work together "
"coherently, the GNU Project must operate coherently. Most of the work "
@@ -105,7 +123,7 @@
"Nada de esto es nuevo, pero es la primera vez que reunimos toda la "
"información en un solo documento."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Free Software Foundation provides many kinds of support (facilities, "
"services) to the GNU Project. How that works is outside the scope of this "
@@ -115,11 +133,11 @@
"maneras (instalaciones, servicios). Los pormenores de esta asistencia quedan "
"fuera del ámbito de este documento."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Software Development Structure"
msgstr "Estructura del desarrollo del software"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Most of the GNU Project's activity consists of development of software "
"packages. Here is how GNU software development is structured."
@@ -128,13 +146,13 @@
"paquetes de software. A continuación veremos cómo se estructura el "
"desarrollo del software de GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "The Chief GNUisance"
msgstr ""
"El Jefe GNUisance<a href=\"#TransNote1\" id=\"TransNote1-rev\"><sup>[1]</"
"sup></a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is led by the Chief GNUisance, Richard Stallman, the founder "
"of the project. The Chief GNUisance is responsible in principle for all "
@@ -150,7 +168,7 @@
"paquetes de software como paquetes de GNU, o los excluye cuando es "
"necesario, además de designar a sus mantenedores."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In practice, the Chief GNUisance delegates many of these decisions and most "
"of the tasks to others, and only rarely intervenes in the specifics of "
@@ -161,14 +179,36 @@
"detalles concretos del desarrollo de un paquete de GNU, cosa que suele hacer "
"mediante sugerencias."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Assistant GNUisances"
msgstr "Los Asistentes GNUisance"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This team, residing at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";>maintainers@gnu.org</a>,-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><maintainers@gnu.org></a>,+}
+# | is available as a first point-of-contact for maintainers of GNU Software.
+# | They keep track of development activity across the entire project,
+# | ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers follow GNU's <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and resolving any
+# | conflicts that might arise. They also handle cases when a maintainer
+# | steps down or when a new volunteer steps up to maintain an existing
+# | package (in which case they can appoint a new maintainer on behalf of the
+# | Chief GNUisance).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
+#| "\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+#| "maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity "
+#| "across the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the "
+#| "maintainers follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and "
+#| "guidelines, and resolving any conflicts that might arise. They also "
+#| "handle cases when a maintainer steps down or when a new volunteer steps "
+#| "up to maintain an existing package (in which case they can appoint a new "
+#| "maintainer on behalf of the Chief GNUisance)."
msgid ""
-"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
-"\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><"
+"maintainers@gnu.org></a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
"maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity across "
"the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers "
"follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and "
@@ -188,7 +228,7 @@
"paquete vigente (en cuyo caso pueden designar a un nuevo mantenedor en "
"nombre del Jefe GNUisance)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. "
"However, help is often welcome for specific tasks and interested GNU "
@@ -199,11 +239,11 @@
"especÃficas. Invitamos a los voluntarios de GNU interesados en ello a que se
"
"pongan en contacto con nosotros."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Package maintainers"
msgstr "Los mantenedores de paquetes"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each GNU software package has specific maintainers, appointed by the Chief "
"GNUisance or the assistant GNUisances. The package maintainers are "
@@ -218,7 +258,7 @@
"destituidos. Ellos se encargan del desarrollo de sus propios paquetes en "
"nombre del Proyecto GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The initial appointment of maintainers is done when a program is <a href=\"/"
"help/evaluation.html\">accepted as a GNU package</a>. These are normally "
@@ -229,7 +269,7 @@
"a>. Normalmente, los mantenedores son algunos de los principales "
"desarrolladores que acordaron convertir ese programa en paquete de GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Over time, maintainers occasionally step down. In some cases, the sole "
"maintainer steps down from the role, leaving the package unmaintained. The "
@@ -248,7 +288,7 @@
"recomienden a nuevos encargados del mantenimiento. Por nuestra parte, "
"agradecemos y tenemos en cuenta dichas sugerencias."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The maintainers of a package often recruit others to contribute to its "
"development, and delegate some technical decisions to them. However, the "
@@ -260,7 +300,7 @@
"obstante, los mantenedores conservan la autoridad sobre la totalidad del "
"paquete y asà pueden cumplir con su responsabilidad para con el Proyecto
GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A maintainer's primary responsibility is to do a good, practical job of "
"developing and maintaining the program in accord with the GNU Project's "
@@ -279,7 +319,7 @@
"mantenedores y sobre lo que significa que un programa sea un paquete de GNU</"
"a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In general, maintainers determine the technical directions that the software "
"packages take and thus they make the day-to-day decisions for the packages. "
@@ -298,7 +338,7 @@
"casos, los mantenedores de los paquetes afectados deberán ejecutar esa "
"decisión en nombre del Proyecto GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"More complete information about the specific responsibilities of maintainers "
"and technical guidance for maintaining GNU software can be found in the <a "
@@ -311,7 +351,7 @@
"para mantenedores del software de GNU</a> y <a href=\"/prep/standards"
"\">Normas de programación de GNU</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We do not require that GNU package maintainers agree with our philosophy, or "
"approve of our policies—only to follow them. Maintainers and "
@@ -324,11 +364,11 @@
"nuestras polÃticas y ocasionales decisiones especÃficas durante el
desempeño "
"de su trabajo en el software de GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Support for GNU Package Development"
msgstr "Apoyo al desarrollo de los paquetes de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several teams provide various kinds of support to the development and "
"management of GNU packages. Most of these teams have a coordinator to "
@@ -343,14 +383,27 @@
"caso de duda, puede ponerse en contacto con los <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org";
"\">coordinadores de los voluntarios de GNU</a> para solicitar asesoramiento."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Evaluation"
msgstr "Evaluación del software"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The software evaluation team at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";>gnueval@gnu.org</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><gnueval@gnu.org></a>+} evaluates
+# | software packages proposed as GNU packages. This involves a careful
+# | assessment of the software's functionality as well as pertinent issues
+# | related to software freedom and how the program fits with the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
+#| "\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+#| "packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
+#| "functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
+#| "how the program fits with the GNU system."
msgid ""
-"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
-"\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><"
+"gnueval@gnu.org></a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
"packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
"functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
"how the program fits with the GNU system."
@@ -362,7 +415,7 @@
"con la libertad del software y con la integración el programa en el sistema "
"GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. Prior "
"experience with non-GNU software evaluation on Savannah is preferable."
@@ -371,33 +424,44 @@
"GNU, con preferencia por quienes posean experiencia previa en la evaluación "
"de software que no es de GNU en Savannah."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Security Evaluation"
msgstr "Evaluación de la seguridad del software"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The software security evaluation team at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";>gnueval-security@gnu.org</a>-]
+# |
{+href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a>+}
+# | works with the software evaluation team. They determine whether there are
+# | any security concerns in software that has been offered to GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
+#| "security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
+#| "evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns "
+#| "in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgid ""
"The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
-"security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
-"evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns in "
-"software that has been offered to GNU."
+"security@gnu.org\"><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a> works with the "
+"software evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security "
+"concerns in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgstr ""
"El equipo de evaluación de la seguridad del software, disponible en <a href="
"\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";>gnueval-security@gnu.org</a>, trabaja "
"con el equipo de evaluación del software. Ellos comprueban si hay algún "
"problema de seguridad en el software que se haya ofrecido a GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
"Cuando es necesario, se recluta a nuevos miembros entre los voluntarios de "
"GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Security Team"
msgstr "El equipo de seguridad"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"mailto:security@gnu.org\";>Security Team</a> helps to resolve "
"security bugs in a timely fashion. If the maintainer of a GNU package fails "
@@ -414,11 +478,11 @@
"paquete. Los mantenedores también pueden pedir consejo al equipo de "
"seguridad sobre cómo hacer que sus paquetes sean seguros."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Platform Testers"
msgstr "Los probadores de plataformas"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Volunteers behind the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/platform-"
"testers\">platform-testers@gnu.org</a> mailing list test GNU software pre-"
@@ -430,48 +494,65 @@
"versiones preliminares del software de GNU en diferentes plataformas de "
"hardware para asegurarse de que funcionen correctamente."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are welcome."
msgstr "Se aceptan nuevos voluntarios."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Mentors"
msgstr "Los mentores"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU Mentors [-(<a
+# | href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>)-] {+at <a
+# | href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org></a>+} volunteer to
+# | provide guidance for new software maintainers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
+#| "volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
-"volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
+"The GNU Mentors at <a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org>"
+"</a> volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgstr ""
"Los mentores de GNU (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</"
"a>) ofrecen, de forma voluntaria, orientación a los nuevos mantenedores de "
"software."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "We ask long-time GNU maintainers to volunteer."
msgstr ""
"Pedimos a los mantenedores veteranos de GNU que se presenten voluntarios."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Proofreaders"
msgstr "Los correctores"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by
+# | proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>.-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
+#| "proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
+#| "\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
msgid ""
"The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
"proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
-"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
+"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>."
msgstr ""
"La lista de correctores está disponible para ayudar a los mantenedores de "
"los paquetes de GNU mediante la corrección de sus textos en inglés. Para "
"solicitar una corrección, escriba a <a href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org";
"\">proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Other Teams and Services"
msgstr "Otros equipos y servicios"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several other teams facilitate or manage the day-to-day operations within "
"the GNU Project, or advance specific goals of the project."
@@ -480,11 +561,11 @@
"diarias dentro del Proyecto GNU, o que promueven objetivos especÃficos del "
"proyecto."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Advisory Committee"
msgstr "El Comité Consultivo de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/contact/gnu-advisory.html\">GNU Advisory Committee</a> (GAC) "
"exists to provide advice to the Chief GNUisance. Members of the Advisory "
@@ -498,11 +579,11 @@
"general, el comité supervisa el estado del Proyecto GNU en nombre del Jefe "
"GNUisance y plantea posibles problemas para su deliberación."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Savannah Hackers"
msgstr "Los hackers de Savannah"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org\">Savannah</a> is the GNU Project's software "
"forge. It hosts code repositories, bug reporting tools, mailing list "
@@ -521,11 +602,11 @@
"adecuadamente el software de GNU, los hackers de Savannah también evalúan
el "
"software que, sin ser de GNU, solicita alojamiento en la forja."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Webmasters"
msgstr "Los webmasters"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">GNU Webmasters</a> maintain and "
"update the web pages at <a href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
@@ -534,7 +615,7 @@
"del mantenimiento y la actualización de las páginas web del sitio <a
href=\"/"
"\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Webmasters also answer various kinds of questions sent by the public, "
"regarding topics such as free software and licenses (when the answer is "
@@ -548,7 +629,7 @@
"peticiones de evaluación de las distros, evalúan a las personas que desean "
"convertirse en webmasters y actualizan la lista de espejos."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Webmaster Group is led by the <a href=\"mailto:chief-";
"webmaster@gnu.org\">Chief Webmaster</a> who reports to the Chief "
@@ -561,11 +642,11 @@
"quiz.html\">el cuestionario para administradores voluntarios del sitio web</"
"a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Web Translators"
msgstr "Los traductores del sitio web"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each language has a translation team, directed by a team coordinator. See "
"<a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">the Guide to "
@@ -580,11 +661,11 @@
"translators@gnu.org\">administrador de traducciones de GNU</a>, quien, a su "
"vez, responde ante el Jefe GNUisance."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "List Helpers"
msgstr "Los ayudantes de las listas"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org/maintenance/ListHelperAntiSpam/\">Listhelper</"
"a> is a system for semi-automatically managing spam sent to GNU mailing "
@@ -597,20 +678,30 @@
"filtros de spam, pero los moderadores humanos también tienen la posibilidad "
"de administrar la cola de mensajes que presuntamente no son spam."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Volunteer Coordinators"
msgstr "Los coordinadores de voluntarios de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</"
-"a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU Volunteer Coordinators [-(<a
+# | href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</a>)-] {+at <a
+# | href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu.org></a>+} help to guide new
+# | volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu."
+#| "org</a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+#| "GNU Project"
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators at <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu."
+"org></a> help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+"GNU Project"
msgstr ""
"Los coordinadores de voluntarios de GNU (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org";
"\">gvc@gnu.org</a>) ayudan a los nuevos voluntarios en la elección de las "
"tareas más adecuadas para cada uno."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New GVC volunteers are welcome, but prior experience volunteering within GNU "
"(and thus broad knowledge of the GNU Project) is highly recommended."
@@ -619,11 +710,11 @@
"experiencia previa dentro de GNU (y, por lo tanto, con amplios conocimientos "
"sobre el Proyecto GNU)."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Education Team"
msgstr "El equipo de educación de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/education/\">GNU Education Team</a> promotes the adoption of "
"the GNU Operating System in educational environments. It also evaluates "
@@ -633,11 +724,11 @@
"adopción del sistema operativo GNU en el ámbito educativo. También evalúa
a "
"las escuelas y habla con los administradores de los centros educativos."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Standards Group"
msgstr "El grupo de normas de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Standards Group evaluates proposals to update the GNU coding "
"standards. Anyone can submit a proposal via the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/"
@@ -657,17 +748,17 @@
"final. El grupo también se encarga de introducir las modificaciones en el "
"documento y de actualizarlo en la web."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
"Cuando es necesario, se recluta a nuevos miembros entre los voluntarios de "
"GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Correcting Errors"
msgstr "Corrección de errores"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If we find errors or omissions in this description of the existing "
"structure, which are possible since it previously had no centralized "
@@ -685,11 +776,11 @@
"la versión. Las versiones anteriores quedarán disponibles en un <a href=\"/"
"gnu/old-gnu-structure/\">subdirectorio</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Future Changes in Administrative Structure"
msgstr "Futuros cambios en la estructura administrativa"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Changes in the GNU Project administrative structure are decided on by the "
"Chief GNUisance after starting consultations with GNU contributors, usually "
@@ -704,7 +795,7 @@
"negativos que podrÃan tener los cambios, para asà tomar la decisión más "
"acertada."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To report changes that are adopted, we will update this document, both the "
"Org version and the HTML version (see previous section), advancing the first "
@@ -714,6 +805,14 @@
"en los formatos Org y HTML (véase la sección anterior), incrementando la "
"primera y/o segunda cifra de la versión."
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
+"also available."
+msgstr ""
+"Este documento también está disponible en el <a
href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org"
+"\">formato Org</a>."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -738,7 +837,6 @@
"proponer otras correcciones o sugerencias, dirÃjase a <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
-#
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -746,14 +844,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"El equipo de traductores al español se esfuerza por ofrecer traducciones "
@@ -765,8 +863,8 @@
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -789,6 +887,5 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima actualización:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
Index: po/gnu-structure.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-structure.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/gnu-structure.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 12:55:44 -0000 1.6
+++ po/gnu-structure.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.7
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-structure.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-06 08:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-03-17 15:31+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
@@ -26,28 +27,23 @@
"Structure et administration du projet GNU - Projet GNU - Free Software "
"Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The Structure and Administration of the GNU Project"
msgstr "Structure et administration du projet GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <address>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# | [-<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>-]{+Version 1.0.1+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+msgid "Version 1.0.1"
+msgstr "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr "par Brandon Invergo et Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
-msgstr "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
-
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
-"also available."
-msgstr ""
-"Une version de ce document au <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">format "
-"Org</a> est également disponible."
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
"The GNU Project develops and maintains the <a href=\"/gnu/about-gnu.html"
"\">GNU operating system</a>. Through this work, and other related "
"activities, the GNU Project advocates and promotes <a href=\"/philosophy/"
@@ -60,7 +56,29 @@
"\">liberté du logiciel</a>, fondement philosophique du mouvement du logiciel
"
"libre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | An operating system consists of many software components that together
+# | make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level
+# | functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as
+# | well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that
+# | users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across
+# | this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and
+# | released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU
+# | [-packages”.-] {+packages.”+} The GNU system also includes
+# | components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free
+# | programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU Project.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "An operating system consists of many software components that together "
+#| "make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level "
+#| "functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as "
+#| "well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that "
+#| "users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across "
+#| "this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed "
+#| "and released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU "
+#| "packages”. The GNU system also includes components that are <a "
+#| "href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free programs</a> released by other "
+#| "developers, outside of the GNU Project."
msgid ""
"An operating system consists of many software components that together make "
"a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level functionality, "
@@ -68,9 +86,9 @@
"programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that users explicitly "
"run. The GNU operating system comprises software across this entire "
"spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and released by "
-"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages”. The GNU "
-"system also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
-"html\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
+"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages.” The GNU system "
+"also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html"
+"\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
"Project."
msgstr ""
"Un système d'exploitation est fait de nombreux composants logiciels qui, "
@@ -85,7 +103,7 @@
"\">programmes libres</a> publiés par d'autres développeurs, à l'extérieur
du "
"projet GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Just as the programs composing an operating system must work together "
"coherently, the GNU Project must operate coherently. Most of the work "
@@ -105,7 +123,7 @@
"nouveau, mais c'est la première fois que nous rassemblons tous ces "
"renseignements en un seul endroit."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Free Software Foundation provides many kinds of support (facilities, "
"services) to the GNU Project. How that works is outside the scope of this "
@@ -115,11 +133,11 @@
"nombreux domaines (infrastructure, services). Leur fonctionnement sort du "
"cadre de ce document."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Software Development Structure"
msgstr "Structure du développement logiciel"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Most of the GNU Project's activity consists of development of software "
"packages. Here is how GNU software development is structured."
@@ -127,11 +145,11 @@
"L'essentiel de l'activité du projet GNU consiste à développer des
logiciels. "
"Voici comment ce développement est structuré."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "The Chief GNUisance"
msgstr "Le Chef GNUisance"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is led by the Chief GNUisance, Richard Stallman, the founder "
"of the project. The Chief GNUisance is responsible in principle for all "
@@ -148,7 +166,7 @@
"logiciels GNU, ou parfois en déclasse un quand cela est nécessaire. Il
nomme "
"également leurs mainteneurs."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In practice, the Chief GNUisance delegates many of these decisions and most "
"of the tasks to others, and only rarely intervenes in the specifics of "
@@ -159,14 +177,36 @@
"du développement d'un logiciel GNU, et dans la plupart des cas il s'agit "
"d'une suggestion."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Assistant GNUisances"
msgstr "Assistants GNUisances"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This team, residing at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";>maintainers@gnu.org</a>,-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><maintainers@gnu.org></a>,+}
+# | is available as a first point-of-contact for maintainers of GNU Software.
+# | They keep track of development activity across the entire project,
+# | ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers follow GNU's <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and resolving any
+# | conflicts that might arise. They also handle cases when a maintainer
+# | steps down or when a new volunteer steps up to maintain an existing
+# | package (in which case they can appoint a new maintainer on behalf of the
+# | Chief GNUisance).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
+#| "\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+#| "maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity "
+#| "across the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the "
+#| "maintainers follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and "
+#| "guidelines, and resolving any conflicts that might arise. They also "
+#| "handle cases when a maintainer steps down or when a new volunteer steps "
+#| "up to maintain an existing package (in which case they can appoint a new "
+#| "maintainer on behalf of the Chief GNUisance)."
msgid ""
-"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
-"\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><"
+"maintainers@gnu.org></a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
"maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity across "
"the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers "
"follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and "
@@ -185,7 +225,7 @@
"bénévole se présente pour reprendre un logiciel existant (auquel cas elle "
"peut nommer le nouveau mainteneur au nom du Chef GNUisance)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. "
"However, help is often welcome for specific tasks and interested GNU "
@@ -196,11 +236,11 @@
"spécifiques ; les bénévoles de GNU que cela intéresse sont invités Ã
nous "
"contacter."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Package maintainers"
msgstr "Mainteneurs de logiciels"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each GNU software package has specific maintainers, appointed by the Chief "
"GNUisance or the assistant GNUisances. The package maintainers are "
@@ -214,7 +254,7 @@
"renvoyés ; ils sont chargés de développer leurs logiciels pour le compte
du "
"projet GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The initial appointment of maintainers is done when a program is <a href=\"/"
"help/evaluation.html\">accepted as a GNU package</a>. These are normally "
@@ -225,7 +265,7 @@
"normalement partie des développeurs principaux qui ont accepté d'en faire
un "
"logiciel GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Over time, maintainers occasionally step down. In some cases, the sole "
"maintainer steps down from the role, leaving the package unmaintained. The "
@@ -244,7 +284,7 @@
"susceptibles de leur succéder et nous examinons favorablement ces "
"suggestions."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The maintainers of a package often recruit others to contribute to its "
"development, and delegate some technical decisions to them. However, the "
@@ -257,7 +297,7 @@
"logiciel pour rester en mesure d'exercer leurs responsabilités vis-à -vis du
"
"projet GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A maintainer's primary responsibility is to do a good, practical job of "
"developing and maintaining the program in accord with the GNU Project's "
@@ -275,7 +315,7 @@
"<a href=\"/help/evaluation.html#whatmeans\">les devoirs de base d'un "
"mainteneur et les spécificités des programmes GNU</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In general, maintainers determine the technical directions that the software "
"packages take and thus they make the day-to-day decisions for the packages. "
@@ -294,7 +334,7 @@
"paquets GNU. Les mainteneurs de ces logiciels ont la responsabilité de "
"mettre en Åuvre la décision pour le compte du projet GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"More complete information about the specific responsibilities of maintainers "
"and technical guidance for maintaining GNU software can be found in the <a "
@@ -308,7 +348,7 @@
"logiciels GNU) et <a href=\"/prep/standards\">GNU Coding Standards</a> "
"(Standards GNU de codage)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We do not require that GNU package maintainers agree with our philosophy, or "
"approve of our policies—only to follow them. Maintainers and "
@@ -321,11 +361,11 @@
"philosophie, nos politiques et, occasionnellement, certaines décisions "
"particulières, dans leur travail avec les logiciels GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Support for GNU Package Development"
msgstr "Assistance au développement des logiciels GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several teams provide various kinds of support to the development and "
"management of GNU packages. Most of these teams have a coordinator to "
@@ -340,14 +380,27 @@
"auprès des <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>coordinateurs des bénévoles de "
"GNU</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Evaluation"
msgstr "Ãvaluation des logiciels"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The software evaluation team at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";>gnueval@gnu.org</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><gnueval@gnu.org></a>+} evaluates
+# | software packages proposed as GNU packages. This involves a careful
+# | assessment of the software's functionality as well as pertinent issues
+# | related to software freedom and how the program fits with the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
+#| "\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+#| "packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
+#| "functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
+#| "how the program fits with the GNU system."
msgid ""
-"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
-"\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><"
+"gnueval@gnu.org></a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
"packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
"functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
"how the program fits with the GNU system."
@@ -358,7 +411,7 @@
"questions pertinentes ayant trait à la liberté du logiciel et à "
"l'intégration du programme à l'ensemble du projet GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. Prior "
"experience with non-GNU software evaluation on Savannah is preferable."
@@ -367,33 +420,44 @@
"GNU. Une expérience préalable de l'évaluation des logiciels non GNU sur "
"Savannah est préférable."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Security Evaluation"
msgstr "Ãvaluation de la sécurité des logiciels"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The software security evaluation team at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";>gnueval-security@gnu.org</a>-]
+# |
{+href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a>+}
+# | works with the software evaluation team. They determine whether there are
+# | any security concerns in software that has been offered to GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
+#| "security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
+#| "evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns "
+#| "in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgid ""
"The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
-"security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
-"evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns in "
-"software that has been offered to GNU."
+"security@gnu.org\"><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a> works with the "
+"software evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security "
+"concerns in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgstr ""
"L'équipe d'évaluation de la sécurité des logiciels, à l'adresse <a href="
"\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";>gnueval-security@gnu.org</a>, travaille "
"avec l'équipe d'évaluation des logiciels. Elle détermine si la sécurité
des "
"logiciels proposés à GNU pose problème."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
"Les nouveaux membres sont recrutés en cas de besoin parmi les bénévoles de
"
"GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Security Team"
msgstr "Ãquipe de sécurité"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"mailto:security@gnu.org\";>Security Team</a> helps to resolve "
"security bugs in a timely fashion. If the maintainer of a GNU package fails "
@@ -411,11 +475,11 @@
"mainteneurs peuvent aussi demander conseil à cette équipe sur la "
"sécurisation de leurs logiciels."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Platform Testers"
msgstr "Testeurs de plateformes"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Volunteers behind the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/platform-"
"testers\">platform-testers@gnu.org</a> mailing list test GNU software pre-"
@@ -427,46 +491,63 @@
"logiciels GNU sur différentes plateformes matérielles pour s'assurer qu'ils
"
"fonctionnent correctement."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are welcome."
msgstr "Les nouveaux bénévoles sont les bienvenus."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Mentors"
msgstr "Mentors"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU Mentors [-(<a
+# | href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>)-] {+at <a
+# | href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org></a>+} volunteer to
+# | provide guidance for new software maintainers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
+#| "volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
-"volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
+"The GNU Mentors at <a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org>"
+"</a> volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgstr ""
"Les mentors GNU (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
"proposent des conseils aux nouveaux mainteneurs de logiciels."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "We ask long-time GNU maintainers to volunteer."
msgstr "Nous demandons à des mainteneurs GNU chevronnés de les rejoindre."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Proofreaders"
msgstr "Relecteurs"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by
+# | proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>.-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
+#| "proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
+#| "\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
msgid ""
"The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
"proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
-"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
+"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>."
msgstr ""
"Il existe une liste de relecteurs susceptibles d'aider les mainteneurs de "
"logiciels GNU Ã relire leurs textes en anglais. Pour solliciter une "
"relecture, écrivez à <a href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org";
"\">proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Other Teams and Services"
msgstr "Autres équipes et services"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several other teams facilitate or manage the day-to-day operations within "
"the GNU Project, or advance specific goals of the project."
@@ -474,11 +555,11 @@
"Plusieurs autres équipes facilitent ou gèrent les opérations quotidiennes
au "
"sein du projet GNU, ou poursuivent des objectifs particulier du projet."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Advisory Committee"
msgstr "Comité consultatif de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/contact/gnu-advisory.html\">GNU Advisory Committee</a> (GAC) "
"exists to provide advice to the Chief GNUisance. Members of the Advisory "
@@ -491,11 +572,11 @@
"membres. Le comité consultatif contrôle la santé du projet GNU au nom du "
"Chef GNUisance et soumet les problèmes potentiels à discussion."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Savannah Hackers"
msgstr "Savannah Hackers"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org\">Savannah</a> is the GNU Project's software "
"forge. It hosts code repositories, bug reporting tools, mailing list "
@@ -513,11 +594,11 @@
"et l'hébergement approprié des logiciels GNU sur ce service, et évaluent
les "
"logiciels non GNU qui demandent à y être hébergés."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Webmasters"
msgstr "Webmestres"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">GNU Webmasters</a> maintain and "
"update the web pages at <a href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
@@ -526,7 +607,7 @@
"l'entretien et la mise à jour des pages web hébergées à <a href=\"/"
"\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Webmasters also answer various kinds of questions sent by the public, "
"regarding topics such as free software and licenses (when the answer is "
@@ -540,7 +621,7 @@
"distributions, évaluent les personnes qui voudraient devenir webmestres et "
"mettent à jour la liste des miroirs."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Webmaster Group is led by the <a href=\"mailto:chief-";
"webmaster@gnu.org\">Chief Webmaster</a> who reports to the Chief "
@@ -552,11 +633,11 @@
"GNUisance. Les nouveaux bénévoles sont les bienvenus. Voir le <a href=\"/"
"server/standards/webmaster-quiz.html\">Quiz des webmestres bénévoles</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Web Translators"
msgstr "Traducteurs web"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each language has a translation team, directed by a team coordinator. See "
"<a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">the Guide to "
@@ -571,11 +652,11 @@
"translators@gnu.org\">responsable des traductions de GNU</a> qui, lui, rend "
"compte au Chef GNUisance."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "List Helpers"
msgstr "Nettoyeurs de liste"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org/maintenance/ListHelperAntiSpam/\">Listhelper</"
"a> is a system for semi-automatically managing spam sent to GNU mailing "
@@ -588,20 +669,30 @@
"modérateurs humains sont également disponibles pour contrôler la file de "
"messages censés ne pas être des pourriels."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Volunteer Coordinators"
msgstr "Coordinateurs des bénévoles de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</"
-"a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU Volunteer Coordinators [-(<a
+# | href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</a>)-] {+at <a
+# | href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu.org></a>+} help to guide new
+# | volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu."
+#| "org</a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+#| "GNU Project"
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators at <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu."
+"org></a> help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+"GNU Project"
msgstr ""
"Les coordinateurs des bénévoles de GNU (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org";
"\">gvc@gnu.org</a>) aident les nouveaux bénévoles à s'orienter dans le "
"projet GNU vers des activités qui leur conviennent."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New GVC volunteers are welcome, but prior experience volunteering within GNU "
"(and thus broad knowledge of the GNU Project) is highly recommended."
@@ -610,11 +701,11 @@
"de bénévolat au sein du projet GNU (et donc une connaissance étendue du "
"projet) est vivement recommandée."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Education Team"
msgstr "Ãquipe Ãducation de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/education/\">GNU Education Team</a> promotes the adoption of "
"the GNU Operating System in educational environments. It also evaluates "
@@ -624,11 +715,11 @@
"système d'exploitation GNU en environnement éducatif. Elle évalue
également "
"les écoles et s'entretient avec les administrateurs scolaires."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Standards Group"
msgstr "Groupe des standards GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Standards Group evaluates proposals to update the GNU coding "
"standards. Anyone can submit a proposal via the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/"
@@ -648,17 +739,17 @@
"l'installation des modifications dans le document ainsi que de sa mise à "
"jour sur le web."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
"De nouveaux membres sont recrutés en cas de besoin parmi les bénévoles de "
"GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Correcting Errors"
msgstr "Correction des erreurs"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If we find errors or omissions in this description of the existing "
"structure, which are possible since it previously had no centralized "
@@ -676,11 +767,11 @@
"troisième chiffre du numéro de version. Les versions anciennes seront "
"conservées dans un <a href=\"/gnu/old-gnu-structure/\">sous-dossier</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Future Changes in Administrative Structure"
msgstr "Modifications futures de la structure administrative"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Changes in the GNU Project administrative structure are decided on by the "
"Chief GNUisance after starting consultations with GNU contributors, usually "
@@ -695,7 +786,7 @@
"les effets positifs ou négatifs que ces modifications pourraient avoir, de "
"manière à prendre des décisions judicieuses."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To report changes that are adopted, we will update this document, both the "
"Org version and the HTML version (see previous section), advancing the first "
@@ -705,6 +796,14 @@
"bien dans sa version Org que sa version HTML (voir section précédente), en "
"incrémentant le premier ou le second chiffre du numéro de version."
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
+"also available."
+msgstr ""
+"Une version de ce document au <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">format "
+"Org</a> est également disponible."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -731,14 +830,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Merci d'adresser vos commentaires sur les pages en français à <<a href="
@@ -749,8 +848,8 @@
"traduction</a> les infos nécessaires."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo et Richard Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo et Richard Stallman"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -776,6 +875,5 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Dernière mise à jour :"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo et Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo et Richard Stallman"
Index: po/gnu-structure.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-structure.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/gnu-structure.pot 6 Oct 2020 08:42:03 -0000 1.2
+++ po/gnu-structure.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.3
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-structure.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-06 08:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -22,26 +22,20 @@
"Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The Structure and Administration of the GNU Project"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <address>
-msgid "by Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Version 1.0.1"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
+msgid "by Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
-"also available."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
"The GNU Project develops and maintains the <a "
"href=\"/gnu/about-gnu.html\">GNU operating system</a>. Through this work, "
"and other related activities, the GNU Project advocates and promotes <a "
@@ -49,7 +43,7 @@
"philosophy of the free software movement."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"An operating system consists of many software components that together make "
"a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level functionality, "
@@ -57,13 +51,13 @@
"programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that users explicitly "
"run. The GNU operating system comprises software across this entire "
"spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and released by "
-"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages”. The GNU "
-"system also includes components that are <a "
+"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages.” The GNU system "
+"also includes components that are <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free programs</a> released by other "
"developers, outside of the GNU Project."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Just as the programs composing an operating system must work together "
"coherently, the GNU Project must operate coherently. Most of the work "
@@ -74,28 +68,28 @@
"first time we have documented all of it in one place."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Free Software Foundation provides many kinds of support (facilities, "
"services) to the GNU Project. How that works is outside the scope of this "
"document."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Software Development Structure"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Most of the GNU Project's activity consists of development of software "
"packages. Here is how GNU software development is structured."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "The Chief GNUisance"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is led by the Chief GNUisance, Richard Stallman, the founder "
"of the project. The Chief GNUisance is responsible in principle for all "
@@ -105,24 +99,24 @@
"their maintainers."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In practice, the Chief GNUisance delegates many of these decisions and most "
"of the tasks to others, and only rarely intervenes in the specifics of "
"development of a GNU package—and usually that is with a suggestion."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Assistant GNUisances"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This team, residing at <a "
-"href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";>maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as "
-"a first point-of-contact for maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track "
-"of development activity across the entire project, ensuring timely releases, "
-"checking that the maintainers follow GNU's <a "
+"href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><maintainers@gnu.org></a>, is "
+"available as a first point-of-contact for maintainers of GNU Software. They "
+"keep track of development activity across the entire project, ensuring "
+"timely releases, checking that the maintainers follow GNU's <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and resolving any "
"conflicts that might arise. They also handle cases when a maintainer steps "
"down or when a new volunteer steps up to maintain an existing package (in "
@@ -130,18 +124,18 @@
"GNUisance)."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. "
"However, help is often welcome for specific tasks and interested GNU "
"volunteers are welcome to get in touch."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Package maintainers"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each GNU software package has specific maintainers, appointed by the Chief "
"GNUisance or the assistant GNUisances. The package maintainers are "
@@ -150,7 +144,7 @@
"packages on behalf of the GNU Project."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The initial appointment of maintainers is done when a program is <a "
"href=\"/help/evaluation.html\">accepted as a GNU package</a>. These are "
@@ -158,7 +152,7 @@
"package."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Over time, maintainers occasionally step down. In some cases, the sole "
"maintainer steps down from the role, leaving the package unmaintained. The "
@@ -169,7 +163,7 @@
"appreciatively."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The maintainers of a package often recruit others to contribute to its "
"development, and delegate some technical decisions to them. However, the "
@@ -177,7 +171,7 @@
"out their responsibility to the GNU Project."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A maintainer's primary responsibility is to do a good, practical job of "
"developing and maintaining the program in accord with the GNU Project's "
@@ -188,7 +182,7 @@
"package</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In general, maintainers determine the technical directions that the software "
"packages take and thus they make the day-to-day decisions for the packages. "
@@ -199,7 +193,7 @@
"to execute the decision on behalf of the GNU Project."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"More complete information about the specific responsibilities of maintainers "
"and technical guidance for maintaining GNU software can be found in the <a "
@@ -207,7 +201,7 @@
"<a href=\"/prep/standards\">GNU Coding Standards</a> documents."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We do not require that GNU package maintainers agree with our philosophy, or "
"approve of our policies—only to follow them. Maintainers and "
@@ -215,11 +209,11 @@
"decisions in their work on GNU software."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Support for GNU Package Development"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several teams provide various kinds of support to the development and "
"management of GNU packages. Most of these teams have a coordinator to "
@@ -228,46 +222,46 @@
"href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>GNU Volunteer Coordinators</a> for advice."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Evaluation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The software evaluation team at <a "
-"href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";>gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software "
-"packages proposed as GNU packages. This involves a careful assessment of "
-"the software's functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software "
-"freedom and how the program fits with the GNU system."
+"href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><gnueval@gnu.org></a> evaluates "
+"software packages proposed as GNU packages. This involves a careful "
+"assessment of the software's functionality as well as pertinent issues "
+"related to software freedom and how the program fits with the GNU system."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. Prior "
"experience with non-GNU software evaluation on Savannah is preferable."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Security Evaluation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The software security evaluation team at <a "
-"href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";>gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works "
-"with the software evaluation team. They determine whether there are any "
-"security concerns in software that has been offered to GNU."
+"href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a>
"
+"works with the software evaluation team. They determine whether there are "
+"any security concerns in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Security Team"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"mailto:security@gnu.org\";>Security Team</a> helps to resolve "
"security bugs in a timely fashion. If the maintainer of a GNU package fails "
@@ -277,11 +271,11 @@
"also ask the security team for advice in securing their packages."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Platform Testers"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Volunteers behind the <a "
"href=\"//lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/platform-testers\">platform-testers@gnu.org</a>
"
@@ -289,50 +283,51 @@
"to ensure that it functions correctly."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are welcome."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Mentors"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
-"volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
+"The GNU Mentors at <a "
+"href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org></a> volunteer to "
+"provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "We ask long-time GNU maintainers to volunteer."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Proofreaders"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
"proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a "
-"href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
+"href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Other Teams and Services"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several other teams facilitate or manage the day-to-day operations within "
"the GNU Project, or advance specific goals of the project."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Advisory Committee"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/contact/gnu-advisory.html\">GNU Advisory Committee</a> (GAC) "
"exists to provide advice to the Chief GNUisance. Members of the Advisory "
@@ -341,11 +336,11 @@
"GNUisance and they raise potential issues for discussion."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Savannah Hackers"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org\">Savannah</a> is the GNU Project's software "
"forge. It hosts code repositories, bug reporting tools, mailing list "
@@ -356,17 +351,17 @@
"evaluate non-GNU software that applies to be hosted on the forge."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Webmasters"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">GNU Webmasters</a> maintain and "
"update the web pages at <a href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Webmasters also answer various kinds of questions sent by the public, "
"regarding topics such as free software and licenses (when the answer is "
@@ -375,7 +370,7 @@
"mirrors."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Webmaster Group is led by the <a "
"href=\"mailto:chief-webmaster@gnu.org\";>Chief Webmaster</a> who reports "
@@ -384,11 +379,11 @@
"Quiz</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Web Translators"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each language has a translation team, directed by a team coordinator. See "
"<a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">the Guide to "
@@ -398,11 +393,11 @@
"who reports to the Chief GNUisance."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "List Helpers"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"//savannah.gnu.org/maintenance/ListHelperAntiSpam/\">Listhelper</a> "
@@ -411,39 +406,39 @@
"to manage the queue of messages predicted not to be spam."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Volunteer Coordinators"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a "
-"href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</a>) help to guide new volunteers "
-"towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project"
+"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators at <a "
+"href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu.org></a> help to guide new "
+"volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New GVC volunteers are welcome, but prior experience volunteering within GNU "
"(and thus broad knowledge of the GNU Project) is highly recommended."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Education Team"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/education/\">GNU Education Team</a> promotes the adoption of "
"the GNU Operating System in educational environments. It also evaluates "
"schools and speaks to school administrators."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Standards Group"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Standards Group evaluates proposals to update the GNU coding "
"standards. Anyone can submit a proposal via the <a "
@@ -455,15 +450,15 @@
"the document on the web."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Correcting Errors"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If we find errors or omissions in this description of the existing "
"structure, which are possible since it previously had no centralized "
@@ -474,11 +469,11 @@
"href=\"/gnu/old-gnu-structure/\">a subdirectory</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Future Changes in Administrative Structure"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Changes in the GNU Project administrative structure are decided on by the "
"Chief GNUisance after starting consultations with GNU contributors, usually "
@@ -487,13 +482,19 @@
"effects they would have, so as to make a wise decision."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To report changes that are adopted, we will update this document, both the "
"Org version and the HTML version (see previous section), advancing the first "
"and/or second version number."
msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
+"also available."
+msgstr ""
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -518,7 +519,7 @@
#
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
#
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
@@ -526,11 +527,12 @@
msgid ""
"Please see the <a "
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
-"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+"for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this "
+"article."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
Index: po/gnu-structure.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-structure.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/gnu-structure.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 12:55:44 -0000 1.2
+++ po/gnu-structure.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.3
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-structure.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-06 08:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-01-02 22:51-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1)\n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 3.38.0\n"
@@ -25,28 +26,22 @@
"A estrutura e administração do Projeto GNU - Projeto GNU - Free Software "
"Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The Structure and Administration of the GNU Project"
msgstr "A estrutura e administração do Projeto GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <address>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+msgid "Version 1.0.1"
+msgstr "<strong>Versão 1.0.1</strong>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr "por Brandon Invergo e Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
-msgstr "<strong>Versão 1.0.1</strong>"
-
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
-"also available."
-msgstr ""
-"Uma <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">versão Org</a> deste documento
também "
-"está disponÃvel."
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
"The GNU Project develops and maintains the <a href=\"/gnu/about-gnu.html"
"\">GNU operating system</a>. Through this work, and other related "
"activities, the GNU Project advocates and promotes <a href=\"/philosophy/"
@@ -59,7 +54,19 @@
"philosophy.html\">liberdade do software</a>, a filosofia central do "
"movimento do software livre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "An operating system consists of many software components that together "
+#| "make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level "
+#| "functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as "
+#| "well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that "
+#| "users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across "
+#| "this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed "
+#| "and released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU "
+#| "packages”. The GNU system also includes components that are <a "
+#| "href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free programs</a> released by other "
+#| "developers, outside of the GNU Project."
msgid ""
"An operating system consists of many software components that together make "
"a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level functionality, "
@@ -67,9 +74,9 @@
"programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that users explicitly "
"run. The GNU operating system comprises software across this entire "
"spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and released by "
-"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages”. The GNU "
-"system also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
-"html\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
+"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages.” The GNU system "
+"also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html"
+"\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
"Project."
msgstr ""
"Um sistema operacional consiste em muitos componentes de software que, "
@@ -83,7 +90,7 @@
"que são <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">programas livres</a> "
"lançados por outros desenvolvedores, fora do Projeto GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Just as the programs composing an operating system must work together "
"coherently, the GNU Project must operate coherently. Most of the work "
@@ -101,7 +108,7 @@
"longo de décadas, desenvolvemos estrutura para o projeto. Nada disso é
novo, "
"mas esta é a primeira vez que documentamos tudo em um só lugar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Free Software Foundation provides many kinds of support (facilities, "
"services) to the GNU Project. How that works is outside the scope of this "
@@ -111,11 +118,11 @@
"serviços) para o Projeto GNU. Como isso funciona está fora do escopo deste "
"documento."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Software Development Structure"
msgstr "Estrutura de desenvolvimento de software"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Most of the GNU Project's activity consists of development of software "
"packages. Here is how GNU software development is structured."
@@ -124,11 +131,11 @@
"pacotes de software. Aqui está como o desenvolvimento de software GNU é "
"estruturado."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "The Chief GNUisance"
msgstr "O Chefe GNUisance"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is led by the Chief GNUisance, Richard Stallman, the founder "
"of the project. The Chief GNUisance is responsible in principle for all "
@@ -144,7 +151,7 @@
"pacotes GNU, ou descomissiona um quando necessário, e indica seus "
"mantenedores."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In practice, the Chief GNUisance delegates many of these decisions and most "
"of the tasks to others, and only rarely intervenes in the specifics of "
@@ -154,14 +161,25 @@
"tarefas a outros, e apenas raramente intervém nas especificidades do "
"desenvolvimento de um pacote GNU â e normalmente isso é com uma sugestão."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Assistant GNUisances"
msgstr "Assistentes GNUisance"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
+#| "\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+#| "maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity "
+#| "across the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the "
+#| "maintainers follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and "
+#| "guidelines, and resolving any conflicts that might arise. They also "
+#| "handle cases when a maintainer steps down or when a new volunteer steps "
+#| "up to maintain an existing package (in which case they can appoint a new "
+#| "maintainer on behalf of the Chief GNUisance)."
msgid ""
-"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
-"\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><"
+"maintainers@gnu.org></a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
"maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity across "
"the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers "
"follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and "
@@ -180,7 +198,7 @@
"novo voluntário sobe para manter um pacote existente (nesse caso, eles podem
"
"indicar um novo mantenedor em nome do Chefe GNUisance)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. "
"However, help is often welcome for specific tasks and interested GNU "
@@ -191,11 +209,11 @@
"especÃficas e voluntários GNU interessados são bem-vindos para entrar em "
"contato."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Package maintainers"
msgstr "Mantenedores de pacote"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each GNU software package has specific maintainers, appointed by the Chief "
"GNUisance or the assistant GNUisances. The package maintainers are "
@@ -209,7 +227,7 @@
"nomeados e em raras ocasiões dispensados, e são responsáveis pelo "
"desenvolvimento de seus pacotes em nome do Projeto GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The initial appointment of maintainers is done when a program is <a href=\"/"
"help/evaluation.html\">accepted as a GNU package</a>. These are normally "
@@ -220,7 +238,7 @@
"alguns dos principais desenvolvedores que concordaram em fazer do programa "
"um pacote GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Over time, maintainers occasionally step down. In some cases, the sole "
"maintainer steps down from the role, leaving the package unmaintained. The "
@@ -237,7 +255,7 @@
"pacotes não mantidos atualmente</a>. Pedimos aos antigos mantenedores que "
"recomendem novos mantenedores, e consideramos essas sugestões com gratidão."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The maintainers of a package often recruit others to contribute to its "
"development, and delegate some technical decisions to them. However, the "
@@ -249,7 +267,7 @@
"entanto, os mantenedores detêm autoridade sobre todo o pacote para que "
"possam cumprir suas responsabilidades com o Projeto GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A maintainer's primary responsibility is to do a good, practical job of "
"developing and maintaining the program in accord with the GNU Project's "
@@ -267,7 +285,7 @@
"deveres básicos dos mantenedores e o que significa um programa ser um pacote
"
"GNU</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In general, maintainers determine the technical directions that the software "
"packages take and thus they make the day-to-day decisions for the packages. "
@@ -285,7 +303,7 @@
"que afeta diretamente um ou mais pacotes GNU. Os mantenedores dos pacotes "
"afetados têm a responsabilidade de executar a decisão em nome do Projeto
GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"More complete information about the specific responsibilities of maintainers "
"and technical guidance for maintaining GNU software can be found in the <a "
@@ -299,7 +317,7 @@
"dos <a href=\"/prep/standards\">GNU Coding Standards</a> (padrões de "
"codificação GNU)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We do not require that GNU package maintainers agree with our philosophy, or "
"approve of our policies—only to follow them. Maintainers and "
@@ -311,11 +329,11 @@
"contribuidores devem cumprir nossa filosofia, polÃticas e decisões "
"especÃficas ocasionais em seu trabalho no software GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Support for GNU Package Development"
msgstr "Suporte ao desenvolvimento de pacote GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several teams provide various kinds of support to the development and "
"management of GNU packages. Most of these teams have a coordinator to "
@@ -330,14 +348,21 @@
"dúvida, você pode entrar em contato com os <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org";
"\">Coordenadores de Voluntários do GNU</a> para obter conselhos."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Evaluation"
msgstr "Avaliação de software"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
+#| "\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+#| "packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
+#| "functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
+#| "how the program fits with the GNU system."
msgid ""
-"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
-"\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><"
+"gnueval@gnu.org></a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
"packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
"functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
"how the program fits with the GNU system."
@@ -348,7 +373,7 @@
"como questões pertinentes relacionadas à liberdade do software e como o "
"programa se encaixa no sistema GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. Prior "
"experience with non-GNU software evaluation on Savannah is preferable."
@@ -357,32 +382,38 @@
"necessário. Experiência anterior com avaliação de software não GNU no "
"Savannah é preferÃvel."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Security Evaluation"
msgstr "Avaliação de segurança de software"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
+#| "security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
+#| "evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns "
+#| "in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgid ""
"The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
-"security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
-"evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns in "
-"software that has been offered to GNU."
+"security@gnu.org\"><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a> works with the "
+"software evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security "
+"concerns in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgstr ""
"A equipe de avaliação de segurança de software em <a
href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
"security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> trabalha com a equipe de "
"avaliação de software. Eles determinam se há alguma preocupação com a "
"segurança no software que foi oferecido ao GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
"Novos membros são recrutados de voluntários GNU existentes quando
necessário."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Security Team"
msgstr "Equipe de Segurança"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"mailto:security@gnu.org\";>Security Team</a> helps to resolve "
"security bugs in a timely fashion. If the maintainer of a GNU package fails "
@@ -399,11 +430,11 @@
"corrigida do pacote. Os mantenedores também podem pedir conselhos à equipe "
"de segurança sobre como proteger seus pacotes."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Platform Testers"
msgstr "Testadores de plataforma"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Volunteers behind the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/platform-"
"testers\">platform-testers@gnu.org</a> mailing list test GNU software pre-"
@@ -415,46 +446,55 @@
"lançamentos de software GNU em diferentes plataformas de hardware para "
"garantir que funciona corretamente."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are welcome."
msgstr "Novos voluntários são bem-vindos."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Mentors"
msgstr "Mentores"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
+#| "volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
-"volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
+"The GNU Mentors at <a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org>"
+"</a> volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgstr ""
"Os mentores do GNU (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
"se oferecem como voluntários para fornecer orientação para novos "
"mantenedores de software."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "We ask long-time GNU maintainers to volunteer."
msgstr "Pedimos aos mantenedores GNU de longa data que sejam voluntários."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Proofreaders"
msgstr "Revisores"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
+#| "proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
+#| "\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
msgid ""
"The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
"proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
-"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
+"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>."
msgstr ""
"A lista de revisores está disponÃvel para ajudar os mantenedores de pacotes
"
"GNU revisando o texto em inglês. Para solicitar revisão, escreva para <a "
"href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Other Teams and Services"
msgstr "Outras equipes e serviços"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several other teams facilitate or manage the day-to-day operations within "
"the GNU Project, or advance specific goals of the project."
@@ -462,11 +502,11 @@
"Várias outras equipes facilitam ou gerenciam as operações do dia a dia "
"dentro do Projeto GNU ou promovem objetivos especÃficos do projeto."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Advisory Committee"
msgstr "Comitê Consultivo do GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/contact/gnu-advisory.html\">GNU Advisory Committee</a> (GAC) "
"exists to provide advice to the Chief GNUisance. Members of the Advisory "
@@ -480,11 +520,11 @@
"monitora a saúde do Projeto GNU em nome do Chefe GNUisance e levanta "
"questões potenciais para discussão."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Savannah Hackers"
msgstr "Hackers do Savannah"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org\">Savannah</a> is the GNU Project's software "
"forge. It hosts code repositories, bug reporting tools, mailing list "
@@ -502,11 +542,11 @@
"software GNU seja hospedado corretamente no serviço, os Hackers do Savannah "
"também avaliam software não GNU que se aplica para ser hospedado na forja."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Webmasters"
msgstr "Webmasters"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">GNU Webmasters</a> maintain and "
"update the web pages at <a href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
@@ -514,7 +554,7 @@
"Os <a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">Webmasters do GNU</a> mantêm e "
"atualizam as páginas web em <a href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Webmasters also answer various kinds of questions sent by the public, "
"regarding topics such as free software and licenses (when the answer is "
@@ -528,7 +568,7 @@
"distribuição, avaliam as pessoas que gostariam de se tornar webmasters e "
"atualizam a lista de espelhos."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Webmaster Group is led by the <a href=\"mailto:chief-";
"webmaster@gnu.org\">Chief Webmaster</a> who reports to the Chief "
@@ -540,11 +580,11 @@
"Novos voluntários são bem-vindos. Consulte o <a href=\"/server/standards/"
"webmaster-quiz.html\">Questionário de Voluntário a Webmaster</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Web Translators"
msgstr "Tradutores web"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each language has a translation team, directed by a team coordinator. See "
"<a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">the Guide to "
@@ -559,11 +599,11 @@
"translators@gnu.org\">Gerente de Traduções do GNU</a>, que se reporta ao "
"Chefe GNUisance."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "List Helpers"
msgstr "Auxiliares de lista"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org/maintenance/ListHelperAntiSpam/\">Listhelper</"
"a> is a system for semi-automatically managing spam sent to GNU mailing "
@@ -576,20 +616,26 @@
"spam, mas moderadores humanos também estão disponÃveis para gerenciar a
fila "
"de mensagens que se prevê que não sejam spam."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Volunteer Coordinators"
msgstr "Coordenadores de Voluntários do GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</"
-"a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu."
+#| "org</a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+#| "GNU Project"
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators at <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu."
+"org></a> help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+"GNU Project"
msgstr ""
"Os Coordenadores de Voluntários do GNU (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org";
"\">gvc@gnu.org</a>) ajudam a orientar novos voluntários para trabalhos "
"adequados dentro do Projeto GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New GVC volunteers are welcome, but prior experience volunteering within GNU "
"(and thus broad knowledge of the GNU Project) is highly recommended."
@@ -598,11 +644,11 @@
"voluntariado no GNU (e, portanto, amplo conhecimento do Projeto GNU) é "
"altamente recomendado."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Education Team"
msgstr "Equipe de Educação do GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/education/\">GNU Education Team</a> promotes the adoption of "
"the GNU Operating System in educational environments. It also evaluates "
@@ -612,11 +658,11 @@
"sistema operacional GNU em ambientes educacionais. Também avalia escolas e "
"fala com administradores escolares."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Standards Group"
msgstr "Grupo de Padrões do GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Standards Group evaluates proposals to update the GNU coding "
"standards. Anyone can submit a proposal via the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/"
@@ -636,17 +682,17 @@
"responsável por instalar as alterações no documento, bem como atualizar o "
"documento web."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
"Novos voluntários são recrutados de voluntários GNU existentes quando "
"necessário."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Correcting Errors"
msgstr "Corrigindo erros"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If we find errors or omissions in this description of the existing "
"structure, which are possible since it previously had no centralized "
@@ -663,11 +709,11 @@
"avançando o terceiro número de versão. Manteremos as versões anteriores "
"disponÃveis em <a href=\"/gnu/old-gnu-structure/\">um subdiretório</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Future Changes in Administrative Structure"
msgstr "Mudanças futuras na estrutura administrativa"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Changes in the GNU Project administrative structure are decided on by the "
"Chief GNUisance after starting consultations with GNU contributors, usually "
@@ -681,7 +727,7 @@
"é considerar as alternativas possÃveis e antecipar os efeitos bons e ruins "
"que elas teriam, para tomar uma decisão acertada."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To report changes that are adopted, we will update this document, both the "
"Org version and the HTML version (see previous section), advancing the first "
@@ -691,6 +737,14 @@
"versão Org quanto a versão HTML (ver seção anterior), avançando o
número da "
"primeira e/ou segunda versão."
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
+"also available."
+msgstr ""
+"Uma <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">versão Org</a> deste documento
também "
+"está disponÃvel."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -717,14 +771,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"A equipe de traduções para o português brasileiro se esforça para
oferecer "
@@ -732,12 +786,12 @@
"favor, envie seus comentários e sugestões em geral sobre as traduções
para "
"<a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
"a>. </p><p>Consulte o <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e o "
-"envio de traduções das páginas deste site."
+"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e a "
+"contribuição com traduções das páginas deste site."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo e Richard Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo e Richard Stallman"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -761,6 +815,5 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima atualização:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo e Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo e Richard Stallman"
Index: po/gnu-structure.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-structure.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/gnu-structure.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 12:55:42 -0000 1.4
+++ po/gnu-structure.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.5
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-structure.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-06 08:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-07-30 08:12+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
@@ -25,29 +26,24 @@
"СÑÑÑкÑÑÑа и админиÑÑÑаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU -
ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд Ñвободного "
"пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The Structure and Administration of the GNU Project"
msgstr "СÑÑÑкÑÑÑа и админиÑÑÑаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# | [-<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>-]{+Version 1.0.1+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+msgid "Version 1.0.1"
+msgstr "<strong>ÐеÑÑÐ¸Ñ 1.0.1</strong>"
+
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <address>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr "ÐÑендон ÐнвеÑго и РиÑаÑд СÑолмен"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
-msgstr "<strong>ÐеÑÑÐ¸Ñ 1.0.1</strong>"
-
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
-"also available."
-msgstr ""
-"ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже веÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ñигинала ÑÑого
докÑменÑа <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org"
-"\">в ÑоÑмаÑе Org</a>."
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
"The GNU Project develops and maintains the <a href=\"/gnu/about-gnu.html"
"\">GNU operating system</a>. Through this work, and other related "
"activities, the GNU Project advocates and promotes <a href=\"/philosophy/"
@@ -60,7 +56,29 @@
"philosophy/philosophy.html\">Ñвободе пÑогÑамм</a>,
ÑенÑÑалÑной ÑилоÑоÑии "
"Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð° ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | An operating system consists of many software components that together
+# | make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level
+# | functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as
+# | well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that
+# | users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across
+# | this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and
+# | released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU
+# | [-packages”.-] {+packages.”+} The GNU system also includes
+# | components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free
+# | programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU Project.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "An operating system consists of many software components that together "
+#| "make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level "
+#| "functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as "
+#| "well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that "
+#| "users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across "
+#| "this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed "
+#| "and released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU "
+#| "packages”. The GNU system also includes components that are <a "
+#| "href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free programs</a> released by other "
+#| "developers, outside of the GNU Project."
msgid ""
"An operating system consists of many software components that together make "
"a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level functionality, "
@@ -68,9 +86,9 @@
"programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that users explicitly "
"run. The GNU operating system comprises software across this entire "
"spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and released by "
-"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages”. The GNU "
-"system also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
-"html\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
+"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages.” The GNU system "
+"also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html"
+"\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
"Project."
msgstr ""
"ÐпеÑаÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑема ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·
множеÑÑва пÑогÑаммнÑÑ
компоненÑов,
коÑоÑÑе "
@@ -84,7 +102,7 @@
"пÑедÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ñобой <a
href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">ÑвободнÑе "
"пÑогÑаммÑ</a>, вÑпÑÑкаемÑе дÑÑгими
ÑазÑабоÑÑиками, вне пÑоекÑа GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Just as the programs composing an operating system must work together "
"coherently, the GNU Project must operate coherently. Most of the work "
@@ -102,7 +120,7 @@
"обÑазом, на пÑоÑÑжении деÑÑÑилеÑий мÑ
вÑÑабоÑали ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑа. ÐиÑÑо из "
"ÑÑого не ново, но здеÑÑ Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¿ÐµÑвÑе
задокÑменÑиÑовали вÑе ÑÑо в одном меÑÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Free Software Foundation provides many kinds of support (facilities, "
"services) to the GNU Project. How that works is outside the scope of this "
@@ -112,11 +130,11 @@
"поддеÑÐ¶ÐºÑ (ÑеÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ ÑлÑжбÑ) пÑоекÑÑ GNU.
ÐпиÑание ÑÑой ÑабоÑÑ Ð²ÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð° "
"Ñамки ÑÑого докÑменÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Software Development Structure"
msgstr "СÑÑÑкÑÑÑа ÑазÑабоÑки пÑогÑамм"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Most of the GNU Project's activity consists of development of software "
"packages. Here is how GNU software development is structured."
@@ -124,11 +142,11 @@
"ÐолÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑаÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑÑелÑноÑÑи пÑоекÑа GNU
ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð· ÑазÑабоÑки пакеÑов "
"пÑогÑамм. ÐдеÑÑ Ð¿ÑедÑÑавлена ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑа
пÑогÑаммной ÑазÑабоÑки GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "The Chief GNUisance"
msgstr "ÐлавнÑй GNUзоÑеÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is led by the Chief GNUisance, Richard Stallman, the founder "
"of the project. The Chief GNUisance is responsible in principle for all "
@@ -144,7 +162,7 @@
"GNU, ÑпиÑÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¸Ñ
по меÑе необÑ
одимоÑÑи и
назнаÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
оÑвеÑÑÑвеннÑÑ
"
"ÑазÑабоÑÑиков."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In practice, the Chief GNUisance delegates many of these decisions and most "
"of the tasks to others, and only rarely intervenes in the specifics of "
@@ -155,14 +173,36 @@
"ÑазÑабоÑки пакеÑов GNU — обÑÑно в ÑÑом
ÑлÑÑае он вноÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ðµ-Ñо "
"пÑедложение."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Assistant GNUisances"
msgstr "ÐамеÑÑиÑели GNUзоÑеÑа"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This team, residing at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";>maintainers@gnu.org</a>,-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><maintainers@gnu.org></a>,+}
+# | is available as a first point-of-contact for maintainers of GNU Software.
+# | They keep track of development activity across the entire project,
+# | ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers follow GNU's <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and resolving any
+# | conflicts that might arise. They also handle cases when a maintainer
+# | steps down or when a new volunteer steps up to maintain an existing
+# | package (in which case they can appoint a new maintainer on behalf of the
+# | Chief GNUisance).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
+#| "\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+#| "maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity "
+#| "across the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the "
+#| "maintainers follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and "
+#| "guidelines, and resolving any conflicts that might arise. They also "
+#| "handle cases when a maintainer steps down or when a new volunteer steps "
+#| "up to maintain an existing package (in which case they can appoint a new "
+#| "maintainer on behalf of the Chief GNUisance)."
msgid ""
-"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
-"\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><"
+"maintainers@gnu.org></a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
"maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity across "
"the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers "
"follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and "
@@ -182,7 +222,7 @@
"новÑй добÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÐµÑ (в ÑÑом ÑлÑÑае они могÑÑ
назнаÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑазÑабоÑÑика Ð¾Ñ "
"имени главного GNUзоÑеÑа)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. "
"However, help is often welcome for specific tasks and interested GNU "
@@ -192,11 +232,11 @@
"добÑоволÑÑев GNU. Ðднако ÑаÑÑо длÑ
опÑеделеннÑÑ
ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾Ñ ÑÑебÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑ, и "
"заинÑеÑеÑованнÑе добÑоволÑÑÑ GNU
пÑиглаÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÐºÐ»ÑÑиÑÑÑÑ Ðº ÑабоÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Package maintainers"
msgstr "ÐÑвеÑÑÑвеннÑе ÑазÑабоÑÑики"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each GNU software package has specific maintainers, appointed by the Chief "
"GNUisance or the assistant GNUisances. The package maintainers are "
@@ -209,7 +249,7 @@
"GNUзоÑеÑÑ, влаÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑого они
назнаÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ в ÑедкиÑ
ÑлÑÑаÑÑ
ÑнимаÑÑÑÑ. "
"РазÑабоÑÑики оÑвеÑаÑÑ Ð·Ð° ÑазвиÑие ÑвоиÑ
пакеÑов Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñа пÑоекÑа GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The initial appointment of maintainers is done when a program is <a href=\"/"
"help/evaluation.html\">accepted as a GNU package</a>. These are normally "
@@ -220,7 +260,7 @@
"пÑавило, ÑÑо кÑо-Ñо из главнÑÑ
ÑазÑабоÑÑиков, ÑоглаÑивÑиÑ
ÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ "
"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑом GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Over time, maintainers occasionally step down. In some cases, the sole "
"maintainer steps down from the role, leaving the package unmaintained. The "
@@ -238,7 +278,7 @@
"ÑопÑовождениÑ</a>. ÐÑ Ð¿ÑоÑим ÑÑаÑÑÑ
ÑазÑабоÑÑиков ÑекомендоваÑÑ Ñебе Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ "
"и Ñ Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑноÑÑÑÑ ÑаÑÑмаÑÑиваем иÑ
пÑедложениÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The maintainers of a package often recruit others to contribute to its "
"development, and delegate some technical decisions to them. However, the "
@@ -250,7 +290,7 @@
"ÑазÑабоÑÑики пÑодолжаÑÑ Ð¾ÑÑÑеÑÑвлÑÑÑ
ÑÑководÑÑво вÑем пакеÑом, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
"
"бÑла возможноÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑвеÑаÑÑ Ð·Ð° Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑ Ð¿ÐµÑед
пÑоекÑом GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A maintainer's primary responsibility is to do a good, practical job of "
"developing and maintaining the program in accord with the GNU Project's "
@@ -268,7 +308,7 @@
"обÑзанноÑÑÑÑ
ÑазÑабоÑÑиков и о Ñом, ÑÑо
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑом "
"GNU</a> опиÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÑаниÑе оÑенки новÑÑ
пакеÑов."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In general, maintainers determine the technical directions that the software "
"packages take and thus they make the day-to-day decisions for the packages. "
@@ -286,7 +326,7 @@
"заÑÑÐ°Ð³Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑедÑÑвенно один или
более пакеÑов GNU. РазÑабоÑÑики "
"ÑооÑвеÑÑÑвÑÑÑиÑ
пакеÑов обÑзанÑ
иÑполнÑÑÑ ÑеÑение Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñа пÑоекÑа GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"More complete information about the specific responsibilities of maintainers "
"and technical guidance for maintaining GNU software can be found in the <a "
@@ -298,7 +338,7 @@
"prep/maintain\">ÐнÑоÑмаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑазÑабоÑÑиков
пÑогÑамм GNU</a> и <a href=\"/"
"prep/standards\">СÑандаÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ GNU</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We do not require that GNU package maintainers agree with our philosophy, or "
"approve of our policies—only to follow them. Maintainers and "
@@ -311,11 +351,11 @@
"ÑилоÑоÑиÑ, полиÑÐ¸ÐºÑ Ð¸ оÑделÑнÑе
конкÑеÑнÑе ÑеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñвоей ÑабоÑе над "
"пÑогÑаммами GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Support for GNU Package Development"
msgstr "ÐоддеÑжка ÑазÑабоÑки пакеÑов GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several teams provide various kinds of support to the development and "
"management of GNU packages. Most of these teams have a coordinator to "
@@ -330,14 +370,27 @@
"ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ Ñ <a
href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>кооÑдинаÑоÑами
добÑоволÑÑев GNU</"
"a> Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑлÑÑаÑии."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Evaluation"
msgstr "ÐÑенка пÑогÑамм"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The software evaluation team at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";>gnueval@gnu.org</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><gnueval@gnu.org></a>+} evaluates
+# | software packages proposed as GNU packages. This involves a careful
+# | assessment of the software's functionality as well as pertinent issues
+# | related to software freedom and how the program fits with the GNU system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
+#| "\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+#| "packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
+#| "functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
+#| "how the program fits with the GNU system."
msgid ""
-"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
-"\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><"
+"gnueval@gnu.org></a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
"packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
"functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
"how the program fits with the GNU system."
@@ -348,7 +401,7 @@
"пÑоблем, ÑвÑзаннÑÑ
Ñо Ñвободой пÑогÑамм и
Ñем, как пÑогÑамма ÑкладÑваеÑÑÑ Ð² "
"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. Prior "
"experience with non-GNU software evaluation on Savannah is preferable."
@@ -357,33 +410,44 @@
"необÑ
одимоÑÑи. ÐалиÑие опÑÑа оÑенки
пÑогÑамм, не вÑ
одÑÑиÑ
в GNU, ÑазмеÑаемÑÑ
"
"в Саванне, пÑедпоÑÑиÑелÑно."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Security Evaluation"
msgstr "ÐÑенка заÑиÑенноÑÑи пÑогÑамм"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The software security evaluation team at <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";>gnueval-security@gnu.org</a>-]
+# |
{+href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a>+}
+# | works with the software evaluation team. They determine whether there are
+# | any security concerns in software that has been offered to GNU.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
+#| "security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
+#| "evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns "
+#| "in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgid ""
"The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
-"security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
-"evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns in "
-"software that has been offered to GNU."
+"security@gnu.org\"><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a> works with the "
+"software evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security "
+"concerns in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgstr ""
"Ðоманда оÑенки заÑиÑенноÑÑи пÑогÑамм на <a
href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
"security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> ÑабоÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ñ
командой оÑенки "
"пÑогÑамм. Ðни опÑеделÑÑÑ, еÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸
какие-либо пÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑноÑÑи в "
"пÑогÑаммаÑ
, пÑедложеннÑÑ
GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
"ÐовÑе ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¸ÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð· ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑиÑ
добÑоволÑÑев GNU по меÑе "
"необÑ
одимоÑÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Security Team"
msgstr "Ðоманда безопаÑноÑÑи"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"mailto:security@gnu.org\";>Security Team</a> helps to resolve "
"security bugs in a timely fashion. If the maintainer of a GNU package fails "
@@ -400,11 +464,11 @@
"РазÑабоÑÑики могÑÑ Ñакже
конÑÑлÑÑиÑоваÑÑÑÑ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð´Ð¾Ð¹ безопаÑноÑÑи
по заÑиÑе "
"ÑвоиÑ
пакеÑов."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Platform Testers"
msgstr "ÐÑпÑÑаÑели на плаÑÑоÑмаÑ
"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Volunteers behind the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/platform-"
"testers\">platform-testers@gnu.org</a> mailing list test GNU software pre-"
@@ -416,45 +480,62 @@
"вÑпÑÑки пÑогÑамм GNU на ÑазлиÑнÑÑ
аппаÑаÑнÑÑ
плаÑÑоÑмаÑ
, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ "
"гаÑанÑиÑоваÑÑ, ÑÑо пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑабоÑаÑÑ
пÑавилÑно."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are welcome."
msgstr "ÐовÑе добÑоволÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑивеÑÑÑвÑÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Mentors"
msgstr "ÐаÑÑавники"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU Mentors [-(<a
+# | href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>)-] {+at <a
+# | href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org></a>+} volunteer to
+# | provide guidance for new software maintainers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
+#| "volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
-"volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
+"The GNU Mentors at <a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org>"
+"</a> volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgstr ""
"ÐаÑÑавники GNU (<a
href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
"пÑедоÑÑавлÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑлÑÑаÑии новÑм
ÑазÑабоÑÑикам пÑогÑамм."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "We ask long-time GNU maintainers to volunteer."
msgstr "ÐÑ Ð¿ÑоÑим пÑиÑоединÑÑÑÑÑ
ÑазÑабоÑÑиков GNU Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑим опÑÑом."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Proofreaders"
msgstr "ÐоÑÑекÑоÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by
+# | proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a
+# | [-href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>.-]
+# | {+href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
+#| "proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
+#| "\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
msgid ""
"The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
"proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
-"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
+"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>."
msgstr ""
"СпиÑок ÑаÑÑÑлки коÑÑекÑоÑов пÑедлагаеÑ
помоÑÑ ÑазÑабоÑÑикам пакеÑов GNU в "
"вÑÑиÑке английÑкого ÑекÑÑа. ЧÑобÑ
запÑоÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÑовеÑкÑ, пиÑиÑе на <a href="
"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Other Teams and Services"
msgstr "ÐÑÑгие ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð¸ ÑлÑжбÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several other teams facilitate or manage the day-to-day operations within "
"the GNU Project, or advance specific goals of the project."
@@ -462,11 +543,11 @@
"ÐеÑколÑко дÑÑгиÑ
команд облегÑаÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸
пÑоводÑÑ ÑекÑÑие ÑабоÑÑ Ð²Ð½ÑÑÑи пÑоекÑа "
"GNU либо ÑодейÑÑвÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑнÑÑ
Ñелей пÑоекÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Advisory Committee"
msgstr "ÐонÑÑлÑÑаÑионнÑй комиÑÐµÑ GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/contact/gnu-advisory.html\">GNU Advisory Committee</a> (GAC) "
"exists to provide advice to the Chief GNUisance. Members of the Advisory "
@@ -480,11 +561,11 @@
"конÑÑлÑÑаÑионнÑй комиÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð»ÑÐ´Ð°ÐµÑ Ð·Ð°
здоÑовÑем пÑоекÑа GNU Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñа главного "
"GNUзоÑеÑа и Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÐµÑ Ð² обÑÑждениÑÑ
поÑенÑиалÑнÑе пÑоблемÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Savannah Hackers"
msgstr "ХакеÑÑ Ð¡Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org\">Savannah</a> is the GNU Project's software "
"forge. It hosts code repositories, bug reporting tools, mailing list "
@@ -503,11 +584,11 @@
"пÑогÑаммÑ, не вÑ
одÑÑие в ÑоÑÑав пакеÑов GNU,
коÑоÑÑе запÑаÑиваÑÑ ÑазмеÑение "
"в кÑзниÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Webmasters"
msgstr "ÐебмаÑÑеÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">GNU Webmasters</a> maintain and "
"update the web pages at <a href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
@@ -515,7 +596,7 @@
"<a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">ÐебмаÑÑеÑÑ GNU</a>
ÑопÑовождаÑÑ Ð¸ "
"обновлÑÑÑ ÑÑÑаниÑÑ ÑайÑа <a
href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Webmasters also answer various kinds of questions sent by the public, "
"regarding topics such as free software and licenses (when the answer is "
@@ -529,7 +610,7 @@
"диÑÑÑибÑÑива, оÑениваÑÑ Ð»Ñдей, коÑоÑÑе Ñ
оÑели Ð±Ñ ÑÑаÑÑ Ð²ÐµÐ±Ð¼Ð°ÑÑеÑами, и "
"обновлÑÑÑ ÑпиÑок зеÑкал."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Webmaster Group is led by the <a href=\"mailto:chief-";
"webmaster@gnu.org\">Chief Webmaster</a> who reports to the Chief "
@@ -541,11 +622,11 @@
"пÑивеÑÑÑвÑÑÑÑÑ. См. <a
href=\"/server/standards/webmaster-quiz.html"
"\">ÐпÑоÑник добÑоволÑÑа-вебмаÑÑеÑа</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Web Translators"
msgstr "ÐеÑеводÑики ÑайÑа"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each language has a translation team, directed by a team coordinator. See "
"<a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">the Guide to "
@@ -559,11 +640,11 @@
"подоÑÑеÑÐ½Ñ <a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";>заведÑÑÑим
пеÑеводами "
"GNU</a>, коÑоÑÑе подоÑÑеÑÐ½Ñ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ
GNUзоÑеÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "List Helpers"
msgstr "ÐомоÑники ÑаÑÑÑлок"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org/maintenance/ListHelperAntiSpam/\">Listhelper</"
"a> is a system for semi-automatically managing spam sent to GNU mailing "
@@ -576,20 +657,30 @@
"Ñакже модеÑаÑоÑÑ-лÑди Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑабоÑки
оÑеÑеди ÑообÑений, не оÑÑилÑÑÑованнÑÑ
"
"как Ñпам."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Volunteer Coordinators"
msgstr "ÐооÑдинаÑоÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð±ÑоволÑÑев GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</"
-"a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The GNU Volunteer Coordinators [-(<a
+# | href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</a>)-] {+at <a
+# | href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu.org></a>+} help to guide new
+# | volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu."
+#| "org</a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+#| "GNU Project"
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators at <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu."
+"org></a> help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+"GNU Project"
msgstr ""
"ÐооÑдинаÑоÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð±ÑоволÑÑев GNU (<a
href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</"
"a>) помогаÑÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñм добÑоволÑÑам
опÑеделиÑÑÑÑ Ñ ÑабоÑами, коÑоÑÑе имеÑÑÑÑ Ð² "
"пÑоекÑе GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New GVC volunteers are welcome, but prior experience volunteering within GNU "
"(and thus broad knowledge of the GNU Project) is highly recommended."
@@ -598,11 +689,11 @@
"имеÑÑ Ð¿ÑедваÑиÑелÑнÑй опÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ Ð² GNU (и
Ñем ÑамÑм обÑиÑнÑе Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа "
"GNU)."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Education Team"
msgstr "ÐбÑазоваÑелÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð´Ð° GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/education/\">GNU Education Team</a> promotes the adoption of "
"the GNU Operating System in educational environments. It also evaluates "
@@ -612,11 +703,11 @@
"опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU в ÑÑеÑе
обÑазованиÑ. Ðна Ñакже оÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ "
"обÑазоваÑелÑнÑе ÑÑÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ведеÑ
пеÑеговоÑÑ Ñ Ð¸Ñ
ÑÑководÑÑвом."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Standards Group"
msgstr "ÐÑÑппа ÑÑандаÑÑов GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Standards Group evaluates proposals to update the GNU coding "
"standards. Anyone can submit a proposal via the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/"
@@ -635,17 +726,17 @@
"GNUзоÑеÑÑ. ÐÑÑппа Ñакже оÑвеÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð·Ð°
внеÑение изменений в докÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ "
"обновление докÑменÑа на ÑайÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr ""
"ÐовÑе добÑоволÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¸ÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð·
ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑиÑ
добÑоволÑÑев GNU по меÑе "
"необÑ
одимоÑÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Correcting Errors"
msgstr "ÐÑпÑавление оÑибок"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If we find errors or omissions in this description of the existing "
"structure, which are possible since it previously had no centralized "
@@ -662,11 +753,11 @@
"HTML</a>, ÑвелиÑив ÑÑеÑий Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑии. ÐÑ
бÑдем ÑоÑ
ÑанÑÑÑ ÑÑаÑÑе веÑÑии в "
"<a href=\"/gnu/old-gnu-structure/\">подкаÑалоге</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Future Changes in Administrative Structure"
msgstr "ÐÑдÑÑие Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² админиÑÑÑаÑивной
ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑе"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Changes in the GNU Project administrative structure are decided on by the "
"Chief GNUisance after starting consultations with GNU contributors, usually "
@@ -681,7 +772,7 @@
"какие Ñ
оÑоÑие и плоÑ
ие поÑледÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸
бÑдÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑинÑÑÑ Ð¼ÑдÑое "
"ÑеÑение."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To report changes that are adopted, we will update this document, both the "
"Org version and the HTML version (see previous section), advancing the first "
@@ -691,6 +782,14 @@
"докÑменÑ, как в ÑоÑмаÑе Org, Ñак и в ÑоÑмаÑе
HTML (Ñм. пÑедÑдÑÑий Ñаздел), "
"ÑвелиÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑвÑй или вÑоÑой номеÑ
веÑÑии."
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
+"also available."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже веÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ñигинала ÑÑого
докÑменÑа <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org"
+"\">в ÑоÑмаÑе Org</a>."
+
# type: Content of: <div><div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -718,14 +817,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
@@ -737,10 +842,10 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman<br />Copyright "
-"© 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)"
+"Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman<br /"
+">Copyright © 2020, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -769,8 +874,7 @@
msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman<br /"
-">Copyright © 2020, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)"
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman<br />Copyright "
+#~ "© 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)"
Index: po/gnu-structure.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-structure.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/gnu-structure.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 12:55:44 -0000 1.4
+++ po/gnu-structure.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.5
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-structure.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-06 08:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-05-03 08:55+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: T. E. Kalayci <tekrei@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Turkish <www-tr-comm@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.3\n"
@@ -23,28 +24,22 @@
"Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU Projesi'nin Yapısı ve Yönetimi - GNU Projesi - Ãzgür
Yazılım Vakfı"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The Structure and Administration of the GNU Project"
msgstr "GNU Projesi'nin Yapısı ve Yönetimi"
-#. type: Content of: <address>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+msgid "Version 1.0.1"
+msgstr "<strong>Sürüm 1.0.1</strong>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr "yazanlar Brandon Invergo ve Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
-msgstr "<strong>Sürüm 1.0.1</strong>"
-
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
-"also available."
-msgstr ""
-"Bu belgenin bir <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org sürümü</a> de "
-"mevcuttur."
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
"The GNU Project develops and maintains the <a href=\"/gnu/about-gnu.html"
"\">GNU operating system</a>. Through this work, and other related "
"activities, the GNU Project advocates and promotes <a href=\"/philosophy/"
@@ -56,7 +51,19 @@
"yoluyla özgür yazılım hareketinin temel felsefesi olan <a
href=\"/philosophy/"
"philosophy.html\">yazılım özgürlüÄünü</a> destekler ve teÅvik eder."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "An operating system consists of many software components that together "
+#| "make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level "
+#| "functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as "
+#| "well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that "
+#| "users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across "
+#| "this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed "
+#| "and released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU "
+#| "packages”. The GNU system also includes components that are <a "
+#| "href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free programs</a> released by other "
+#| "developers, outside of the GNU Project."
msgid ""
"An operating system consists of many software components that together make "
"a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level functionality, "
@@ -64,9 +71,9 @@
"programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that users explicitly "
"run. The GNU operating system comprises software across this entire "
"spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed and released by "
-"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages”. The GNU "
-"system also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
-"html\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
+"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages.” The GNU system "
+"also includes components that are <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html"
+"\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
"Project."
msgstr ""
"Bir iÅletim sistemi, bir bilgisayarın yararlı iÅler yapmasını saÄlayan
"
@@ -80,7 +87,7 @@
"<a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">özgür program</a> olan bileÅenler
de "
"içerir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Just as the programs composing an operating system must work together "
"coherently, the GNU Project must operate coherently. Most of the work "
@@ -98,7 +105,7 @@
"bir yapı geliÅtirdik. Hiçbiri yeni deÄil ama ilk kez hepsini tek bir
yerde "
"belgeliyoruz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Free Software Foundation provides many kinds of support (facilities, "
"services) to the GNU Project. How that works is outside the scope of this "
@@ -108,11 +115,11 @@
"hizmetler) saÄlar. Bu desteklerin nasıl iÅlediÄi bu belgenin kapsamı "
"dıÅındadır."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Software Development Structure"
msgstr "Yazılım GeliÅtirme Yapısı"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Most of the GNU Project's activity consists of development of software "
"packages. Here is how GNU software development is structured."
@@ -120,11 +127,11 @@
"GNU Projesi'nin etkinliklerinin çoÄu yazılım paketlerinin
geliÅtirilmesinden "
"oluÅmaktadır. GNU'nun yazılım geliÅtirmesi Åu Åekilde
yapılandırılmıÅtır."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "The Chief GNUisance"
msgstr "BaÅ GNUisance"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is led by the Chief GNUisance, Richard Stallman, the founder "
"of the project. The Chief GNUisance is responsible in principle for all "
@@ -140,7 +147,7 @@
"paketlerini GNU paketi olarak adlandırır veya gerektiÄinde hizmetten
çıkarır "
"ve bakımcıları görevlendirir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In practice, the Chief GNUisance delegates many of these decisions and most "
"of the tasks to others, and only rarely intervenes in the specifics of "
@@ -150,14 +157,25 @@
"baÅkalarına devreder ve bir GNU paketinin geliÅtirme özelliklerine
nadiren "
"müdahale eder, ve bu genellikle sadece öneri Åeklindedir."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Assistant GNUisances"
msgstr "Yardımcı GNUisance'ler"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
+#| "\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+#| "maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity "
+#| "across the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the "
+#| "maintainers follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and "
+#| "guidelines, and resolving any conflicts that might arise. They also "
+#| "handle cases when a maintainer steps down or when a new volunteer steps "
+#| "up to maintain an existing package (in which case they can appoint a new "
+#| "maintainer on behalf of the Chief GNUisance)."
msgid ""
-"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
-"\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><"
+"maintainers@gnu.org></a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
"maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity across "
"the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers "
"follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and "
@@ -176,7 +194,7 @@
"geçtiÄi durumları (bu durumda BaÅ GNUisance adına yeni bir bakımcı "
"görevlendirebilirler) da ele alırlar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. "
"However, help is often welcome for specific tasks and interested GNU "
@@ -186,11 +204,11 @@
"birlikte belirli görevler için yardım genellikle kabul edilir ve ilgili
GNU "
"gönüllüleri temasa geçebilirler."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Package maintainers"
msgstr "Paket bakımcıları"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each GNU software package has specific maintainers, appointed by the Chief "
"GNUisance or the assistant GNUisances. The package maintainers are "
@@ -204,7 +222,7 @@
"GNUisance'ye karÅı sorumludur ve GNU Projesi adına üstlendikleri
paketleri "
"geliÅtirmekle yükümlüdürler."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The initial appointment of maintainers is done when a program is <a href=\"/"
"help/evaluation.html\">accepted as a GNU package</a>. These are normally "
@@ -214,7 +232,7 @@
"html\">GNU paketi olarak kabul edildiÄinde</a> yapılır. Bunlar normalde "
"programı bir GNU paketi yapmayı kabul eden ana geliÅtiricilerden
bazılarıdır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Over time, maintainers occasionally step down. In some cases, the sole "
"maintainer steps down from the role, leaving the package unmaintained. The "
@@ -231,7 +249,7 @@
"paketlerin listesine bakabilirsiniz</a>. Eski bakımcılardan yeni
bakımcılar "
"önermelerini istiyoruz ve bu önerileri dikkatle deÄerlendiriyoruz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The maintainers of a package often recruit others to contribute to its "
"development, and delegate some technical decisions to them. However, the "
@@ -243,7 +261,7 @@
"bakımcılar, GNU Projesi'ne karÅı sorumluluklarını yerine
getirebilmeleri "
"için paketin tamamı üzerinde yetki sahibi olurlar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A maintainer's primary responsibility is to do a good, practical job of "
"developing and maintaining the program in accord with the GNU Project's "
@@ -261,7 +279,7 @@
"görevleri ve bir programın GNU paketi olmasının ne anlama geldiÄini "
"okuyabilirsiniz</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In general, maintainers determine the technical directions that the software "
"packages take and thus they make the day-to-day decisions for the packages. "
@@ -279,7 +297,7 @@
"verir. Etkilenen paketlerin sahipleri GNU Projesi adına kararı yürütmekle
"
"sorumludur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"More complete information about the specific responsibilities of maintainers "
"and technical guidance for maintaining GNU software can be found in the <a "
@@ -291,7 +309,7 @@
"\">GNU Yazılımı Bakımcıları İçin Bilgiler</a> ve <a
href=\"/prep/standards"
"\">GNU Kodlama Standartları</a> belgelerinde bulunabilir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We do not require that GNU package maintainers agree with our philosophy, or "
"approve of our policies—only to follow them. Maintainers and "
@@ -303,11 +321,11 @@
"bulunanlar; GNU yazılımı üzerinde yaptıkları çalıÅmalarda
felsefemizi, "
"politikalarımızı ve ara sıra belirli kararlarımızı uygulamalıdır."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Support for GNU Package Development"
msgstr "GNU Paket GeliÅtirme için Destek"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several teams provide various kinds of support to the development and "
"management of GNU packages. Most of these teams have a coordinator to "
@@ -321,14 +339,21 @@
"BaÅ GNUisance'ye rapor verir. KuÅkuya düÅerseniz öneri için <a
href=\"mailto:";
"gvc@gnu.org\">GNU Gönüllü Koordinatörleri</a> ile iletiÅime
geçebilirsiniz."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Evaluation"
msgstr "Yazılım DeÄerlendirme"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
+#| "\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+#| "packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
+#| "functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
+#| "how the program fits with the GNU system."
msgid ""
-"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
-"\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><"
+"gnueval@gnu.org></a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
"packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
"functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
"how the program fits with the GNU system."
@@ -339,7 +364,7 @@
"programın GNU sistemine nasıl uyduÄu ile ilgili konuların dikkatle "
"deÄerlendirilmesini içerir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. Prior "
"experience with non-GNU software evaluation on Savannah is preferable."
@@ -348,31 +373,37 @@
"üzerinde GNU olmayan yazılım deÄerlendirmesi ile ilgili önceden deneyim "
"tercih sebebidir."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Security Evaluation"
msgstr "Yazılım GüvenliÄi DeÄerlendirmesi"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
+#| "security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
+#| "evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns "
+#| "in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgid ""
"The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
-"security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
-"evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns in "
-"software that has been offered to GNU."
+"security@gnu.org\"><gnueval-security@gnu.org></a> works with the "
+"software evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security "
+"concerns in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";>gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> "
"adresindeki yazılım güvenliÄi deÄerlendirme ekibi, yazılım
deÄerlendirme "
"ekibiyle birlikte çalıÅır. GNU'ya sunulan yazılımda herhangi bir
güvenlik "
"sorunu olup olmadıÄını belirler."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr "GerektiÄinde, mevcut GNU gönüllülerinden yeni üyeler alınır."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Security Team"
msgstr "Güvenlik Ekibi"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"mailto:security@gnu.org\";>Security Team</a> helps to resolve "
"security bugs in a timely fashion. If the maintainer of a GNU package fails "
@@ -388,11 +419,11 @@
"ve paketin onarılmıŠbir sürümü yayımlanabilir. Bakımcılar ayrıca
güvenlik "
"ekibinden paketlerinin güvenliÄini saÄlama konusunda öneri
isteyebilirler."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Platform Testers"
msgstr "Platform Sınayıcıları"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Volunteers behind the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/platform-"
"testers\">platform-testers@gnu.org</a> mailing list test GNU software pre-"
@@ -404,45 +435,54 @@
"çalıÅtıÄından emin olmak için GNU yazılımının farklı donanım "
"platformlarındaki ön sürümlerini sınarlar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are welcome."
msgstr "Yeni gönüllüler bekliyoruz."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Mentors"
msgstr "DanıÅmanlar"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
+#| "volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
-"volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
+"The GNU Mentors at <a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org>"
+"</a> volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgstr ""
"GNU DanıÅmanları (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
"yeni yazılım bakımcılarına kılavuzluk etmeye gönüllüdür."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "We ask long-time GNU maintainers to volunteer."
msgstr "Uzun süredir GNU bakımcılarından gönüllü olmalarını
istiyoruz."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Proofreaders"
msgstr "Düzeltmenler"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
+#| "proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
+#| "\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
msgid ""
"The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
"proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
-"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
+"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>."
msgstr ""
"Düzeltmenler listesi, İngilizce metinleri düzelterek GNU paketi "
"bakımcılarına yardımcı olmak için kullanılabilir. Düzeltme istemek
için <a "
"href=\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a> adresine
yazın."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Other Teams and Services"
msgstr "DiÄer Ekipler ve Hizmetler"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several other teams facilitate or manage the day-to-day operations within "
"the GNU Project, or advance specific goals of the project."
@@ -450,11 +490,11 @@
"DiÄer birkaç ekip GNU Projesi içindeki günlük iÅleyiÅi
kolaylaÅtırır, "
"yönetir veya projenin belirli hedeflerini geliÅtirir."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Advisory Committee"
msgstr "GNU DanıÅma Kurulu"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/contact/gnu-advisory.html\">GNU Advisory Committee</a> (GAC) "
"exists to provide advice to the Chief GNUisance. Members of the Advisory "
@@ -468,11 +508,11 @@
"DanıÅma Kurulu genel olarak GNU Projesi adına GNU Projesi'nin
saÄlıÄını "
"izler ve olası tartıÅma konularını gündeme taÅır."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Savannah Hackers"
msgstr "Savannah Hacker'leri"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org\">Savannah</a> is the GNU Project's software "
"forge. It hosts code repositories, bug reporting tools, mailing list "
@@ -491,11 +531,11 @@
"yanı sıra, yazılım iÅbirliÄi platformunda barındırılmak üzere GNU
olmayan "
"yazılım baÅvurularını da deÄerlendirir."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Webmasters"
msgstr "Web Yöneticileri"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">GNU Webmasters</a> maintain and "
"update the web pages at <a href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
@@ -504,7 +544,7 @@
"\">https://www.gnu.org</a> adresindeki web sayfalarının bakımından ve "
"güncellenmesinden sorumludur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Webmasters also answer various kinds of questions sent by the public, "
"regarding topics such as free software and licenses (when the answer is "
@@ -518,7 +558,7 @@
"deÄerlendirmek ve yansı listesini güncellemek için isteklerin ilk "
"filtrelemesini yaparlar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Webmaster Group is led by the <a href=\"mailto:chief-";
"webmaster@gnu.org\">Chief Webmaster</a> who reports to the Chief "
@@ -530,11 +570,11 @@
"Yeni gönüllüler bekliyoruz. <a
href=\"/server/standards/webmaster-quiz.html"
"\">Gönüllü Web Yöneticisi Sınavı</a>'na bakın."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Web Translators"
msgstr "Web Ãevirmenleri"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each language has a translation team, directed by a team coordinator. See "
"<a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">the Guide to "
@@ -549,11 +589,11 @@
"veren <a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";>GNU Ãevirileri "
"Yöneticisi</a>'ne rapor verir."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "List Helpers"
msgstr "Liste Yardımcıları"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org/maintenance/ListHelperAntiSpam/\">Listhelper</"
"a> is a system for semi-automatically managing spam sent to GNU mailing "
@@ -566,20 +606,26 @@
"spam olmadıÄı tahmin edilen iletilerin kuyruÄunu yönetmek için insan "
"denetleticiler de mevcuttur."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Volunteer Coordinators"
msgstr "GNU Gönüllü Koordinatörleri"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</"
-"a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu."
+#| "org</a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+#| "GNU Project"
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators at <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu."
+"org></a> help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+"GNU Project"
msgstr ""
"GNU Gönüllü Koordinatörleri (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</"
"a>), yeni gönüllüleri GNU Projesi içinde uygun iÅlere yönlendirmeye
yardımcı "
"olmaktadır"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New GVC volunteers are welcome, but prior experience volunteering within GNU "
"(and thus broad knowledge of the GNU Project) is highly recommended."
@@ -588,11 +634,11 @@
"bekliyoruz ancak önceden GNU içinde gönüllülük deneyimi olması (ve
böylece "
"GNU Projesi hakkında çok geniŠbilgi) oldukça önerilir."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Education Team"
msgstr "GNU EÄitim Ekibi"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/education/\">GNU Education Team</a> promotes the adoption of "
"the GNU Operating System in educational environments. It also evaluates "
@@ -602,11 +648,11 @@
"Ä°Åletim Sistemi'nin benimsenmesini teÅvik eder. Ayrıca okulları "
"deÄerlendirir ve okul yöneticileriyle konuÅur."
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Standards Group"
msgstr "GNU Standartları Grubu"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Standards Group evaluates proposals to update the GNU coding "
"standards. Anyone can submit a proposal via the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/"
@@ -625,15 +671,15 @@
"bir öneri Åeklinde sunarlar. Grup ayrıca belgede deÄiÅiklik yapmanın
yanı "
"sıra belgeyi web'de güncellemekten de sorumludur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr "GerektiÄinde, mevcut GNU gönüllülerinden yeni üyeler alınır."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Correcting Errors"
msgstr "Hataları Düzeltme"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If we find errors or omissions in this description of the existing "
"structure, which are possible since it previously had no centralized "
@@ -650,11 +696,11 @@
"Eski sürümleri <a href=\"/gnu/old-gnu-structure/\">bir alt dizinde</a> "
"saklayacaÄız."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Future Changes in Administrative Structure"
msgstr "Yönetsel Yapıda Gelecekteki DeÄiÅiklikler"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Changes in the GNU Project administrative structure are decided on by the "
"Chief GNUisance after starting consultations with GNU contributors, usually "
@@ -668,7 +714,7 @@
"amacı; akıllıca bir karar vermek için olası alternatifleri düÅünmek
ve ne "
"gibi iyi ve kötü etkileri olacaÄını öngörmektir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To report changes that are adopted, we will update this document, both the "
"Org version and the HTML version (see previous section), advancing the first "
@@ -679,6 +725,14 @@
"ikinci sürüm numarasını ilerleteceÄiz. Eski sürümleri bir alt dizinde "
"saklayacaÄız."
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
+"also available."
+msgstr ""
+"Bu belgenin bir <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org sürümü</a> de "
+"mevcuttur."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -709,14 +763,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ãevirilerimizde bulmuÅ olabileceÄiniz hataları, aklınızdaki soru ve "
@@ -730,8 +789,8 @@
"\">çalıÅma sayfamızı</a> ziyaret edebilirsiniz."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -758,6 +817,5 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Son Güncelleme:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
Index: po/gnu-structure.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-structure.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/gnu-structure.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 12:55:44 -0000 1.4
+++ po/gnu-structure.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.5
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-structure.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-06 08:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-03-28 22:11+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.7.1\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
@@ -24,26 +25,22 @@
"Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU å·¥ç¨çç»æå管ç - GNU å·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The Structure and Administration of the GNU Project"
msgstr "GNU å·¥ç¨çç»æå管ç"
-#. type: Content of: <address>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+msgid "Version 1.0.1"
+msgstr "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "by Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
msgstr "å¸å
°ç»Â·å å¼æä¸çæ¥å¾·Â·æ¯ææ¼ è"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
-msgstr "<strong>Version 1.0.1</strong>"
-
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
-"also available."
-msgstr "æ¤æ件è¿æä¸ä¸ª <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">æ§ç</a>ã"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
"The GNU Project develops and maintains the <a href=\"/gnu/about-gnu.html"
"\">GNU operating system</a>. Through this work, and other related "
"activities, the GNU Project advocates and promotes <a href=\"/philosophy/"
@@ -55,7 +52,19 @@
"软件èªç±</a>ï¼è¿ä¹æ¯èªç±è½¯ä»¶è¿å¨çæ ¸å¿ç念ã"
# è¿éæ package ç¿»è¯æ 软件å
ï¼å¯è½ä¼å¥½ä¸ç¹ã
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "An operating system consists of many software components that together "
+#| "make a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level "
+#| "functionality, such as the kernel and drivers, plus system libraries, as "
+#| "well as the programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that "
+#| "users explicitly run. The GNU operating system comprises software across "
+#| "this entire spectrum. Many of the programs are specifically developed "
+#| "and released by the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU "
+#| "packages”. The GNU system also includes components that are <a "
+#| "href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">free programs</a> released by other "
+#| "developers, outside of the GNU Project."
msgid ""
"An operating system consists of many software components that together make "
"a computer do useful jobs. It includes code for low-level functionality, "
@@ -63,9 +72,9 @@
"programs (utilities, tools, applications, and games) that users explicitly "
"run. The GNU operating system comprises software across this entire "
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-"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages”. The GNU "
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-"html\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
+"the GNU Project; these are termed “GNU packages.” The GNU system "
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+"\">free programs</a> released by other developers, outside of the GNU "
"Project."
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"å·¥ç¨ä¸é¨å¼åååå¸çï¼è¿äºè¢«ç§°ä¸ºâGNU å
âã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Just as the programs composing an operating system must work together "
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"èµ·ï¼ä»¥æææ们å¸æç GNU ç³»ç»ãå æ¤ï¼å¨è¿å»çå
åå¹´ä¸ï¼æ们已ç»å¼åäºè¯¥é¡¹ç®ç"
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ï¼èæ¯æ们第ä¸æ¬¡å¨ç»ä¸çä½ç½®è®°å½ä¸è¿ä¸åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"The Free Software Foundation provides many kinds of support (facilities, "
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"èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼ä¸º GNU
å·¥ç¨æä¾è®¸å¤ç§æ¯æï¼è®¾æ½ãæå¡ï¼ãå
¶ä¸çå·¥ä½æ¹å¼ä¸å¨æ¬æ"
"çèå´ä¹å
ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Software Development Structure"
msgstr "软件å¼åç»æ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Most of the GNU Project's activity consists of development of software "
"packages. Here is how GNU software development is structured."
msgstr ""
"GNU å·¥ç¨ç大é¨åæ´»å¨é½ç±æ¬è½¯ä»¶å
çå¼åææãä¸é¢æ¯ GNU
软件å¼åçç»æã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "The Chief GNUisance"
msgstr "é¦å¸ GNUisance"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is led by the Chief GNUisance, Richard Stallman, the founder "
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@@ -125,7 +134,7 @@
"ååä¸è´è´£ææé大å³å®ï¼å
æ¬æ»ä½ç念åæ
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æ称为 GNU å
ï¼æå¨å¿
è¦æ¶é役并任å½ä»ä»¬çç»´æ¤è
ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In practice, the Chief GNUisance delegates many of these decisions and most "
"of the tasks to others, and only rarely intervenes in the specifics of "
@@ -134,14 +143,25 @@
"å¨å®è·µä¸ï¼é¦å¸ GNUisance
ä¼å°è®¸å¤æ¤ç±»å³å®å大å¤æ°ä»»å¡å§æç»ä»äººï¼å¹¶ä¸å¾å°å¹²"
"é¢ GNU 软件å
çå¼åç»è——é常åªæ¯ä¸ä¸ªå»ºè®®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Assistant GNUisances"
msgstr "å©ç GNUisances"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
+#| "\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+#| "maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity "
+#| "across the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the "
+#| "maintainers follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and "
+#| "guidelines, and resolving any conflicts that might arise. They also "
+#| "handle cases when a maintainer steps down or when a new volunteer steps "
+#| "up to maintain an existing package (in which case they can appoint a new "
+#| "maintainer on behalf of the Chief GNUisance)."
msgid ""
-"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org";
-"\">maintainers@gnu.org</a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
+"This team, residing at <a href=\"mailto:maintainers@gnu.org\";><"
+"maintainers@gnu.org></a>, is available as a first point-of-contact for "
"maintainers of GNU Software. They keep track of development activity across "
"the entire project, ensuring timely releases, checking that the maintainers "
"follow GNU's <a href=\"/philosophy/\">philosophy</a> and guidelines, and "
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"è½åºç°çä»»ä½å²çªãä»ä»¬ä¹å¤çç»´æ¤è
å¸ä»»ææ°å¿æ¿è
èªæ¿ç»´æ¤ç°æå
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"æ
åµä¸ï¼ä»ä»¬å¯ä»¥ä»£è¡¨é¦å¸ GNUisance ä»»å½æ°çç»´æ¤è
ï¼ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed. "
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"æå
´è¶£ç GNU å¿æ¿è
è系请èç³»æ们ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Package maintainers"
msgstr "å
ç»´æ¤è
"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each GNU software package has specific maintainers, appointed by the Chief "
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"è
æ¯å¯¹é¦å¸ GNUisance è´è´£çï¼å¨å
¶ç®¡è¾ä¸è¢«ä»»å½å¹¶å¨æå°æ°æ
åµä¸è¢«è§£é¤ï¼ä»ä»¬ä»£"
"表 GNU 项ç®è´è´£å¼å软件å
ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The initial appointment of maintainers is done when a program is <a href=\"/"
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@@ -190,7 +210,7 @@
"å½ä¸ä¸ªç¨åºè¢« <a href=\"/help/evaluation.html\">æ¥å为 GNU å
</a>
æ¶ï¼ç»´æ¤äººå"
"çåå§ä»»å½å°±å®æäºãä»ä»¬é常æ¯é£äºåæ使该ç¨åºæ为
GNU 软件å
ç主è¦å¼å人åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Over time, maintainers occasionally step down. In some cases, the sole "
"maintainer steps down from the role, leaving the package unmaintained. The "
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"æ¤è
ã<a href=\"/server/takeaction.html#unmaint\">请æ¥çå½åæ
人维æ¤ç软件å
"
"å表</a>ãæ们ä¼è®©åæ¥çç»´æ¤è
æ¨èæ°ç»´æ¤è
ï¼å¹¶æè°¢ä»ä»¬ç建议ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The maintainers of a package often recruit others to contribute to its "
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"ç»ä»ä»¬ãä½æ¯ï¼ç»´æ¤è
ä¿ç对æ´ä¸ªç¨åºå
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¨ï¼è¿æ
·ä»ä»¬å°±è½å¤å±¥è¡å¯¹ GNU å·¥ç¨ç"
"责任ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"A maintainer's primary responsibility is to do a good, practical job of "
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"å°ç¨åºä½ä¸º GNU 软件å
çå«ä¹</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
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"æ ·åãå¨å°æ°æ
åµä¸ï¼é¦å¸ GNUisance
ä¼ååºç´æ¥å½±åä¸ä¸ªæå¤ä¸ªGNU软件å
çå³å®ã"
"åå°å½±åç软件å
ç»´æ¤è
æä¹å¡ä»¥ GNU
å·¥ç¨çåä¹æ§è¡è¿äºå³å®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"More complete information about the specific responsibilities of maintainers "
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@@ -257,7 +277,7 @@
"href=\"/prep/maintain\">GNU 软件维æ¤è
é¡»ç¥</a> å <a
href=\"/prep/standards"
"\">GNU 代ç è§è</a> çææ¡£ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We do not require that GNU package maintainers agree with our philosophy, or "
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ç»´æ¤è
åææ们çç念ææ¹åæ们çæ¿çââåªééµå®å®ä»¬ãç»´æ¤"
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å¨ä¸º GNU 软件工ä½æ¶å¿
é¡»æ§è¡æ们çç念ãæ¿çåå
·ä½å³å®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Support for GNU Package Development"
msgstr "æ¯æ GNU å
çå¼å"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several teams provide various kinds of support to the development and "
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åµä¸ï¼é¤éå¦æ说æï¼åè°åç´æ¥åé¦å¸ GNUisance
æ±æ¥ãå¦æç"
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æ¥è·å¾å»ºè®®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Evaluation"
msgstr "软件è¯ä¼°"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
+#| "\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+#| "packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
+#| "functionality as well as pertinent issues related to software freedom and "
+#| "how the program fits with the GNU system."
msgid ""
-"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org";
-"\">gnueval@gnu.org</a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
+"The software evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval@gnu.org\";><"
+"gnueval@gnu.org></a> evaluates software packages proposed as GNU "
"packages. This involves a careful assessment of the software's "
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ç软件è¿è¡è¯ä¼°ãè¿æ¶å对该软件çåè½ã软件èªç±ç¸å
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"ä¸ GNU ç³»ç»æ´ä½éåºçæ¹é¢ç认çè¯ä»·ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
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"éè¦æ¶ä¼ä»ç°æç GNU å¿æ¿è
ä¸æåæ°æåãæ好å
·æå¨
Savannah ä¸è¿è¡é GNU 软"
"件è¯ä¼°çç»éªã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Software Security Evaluation"
msgstr "软件å®å
¨æ§è¯ä¼°"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
+#| "security@gnu.org\">gnueval-security@gnu.org</a> works with the software "
+#| "evaluation team. They determine whether there are any security concerns "
+#| "in software that has been offered to GNU."
msgid ""
"The software security evaluation team at <a href=\"mailto:gnueval-";
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msgstr ""
"<a href=\"mailto:gnueval-security@gnu.org\";>gnueval-security@gnu.org</a>
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ç软件æ¯å¦åå¨å®å
¨é®"
"é¢ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid "New members are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr "éè¦æ¶ä»ç°æç GNU å¿æ¿è
ä¸æåæ°æåã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
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msgid "Security Team"
msgstr "å®å
¨å°ç»"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"The <a href=\"mailto:security@gnu.org\";>Security Team</a> helps to resolve "
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è¿å¯ä»¥è¦"
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¶è½¯ä»¶å
ç建议ã"
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msgid "Platform Testers"
msgstr "å¹³å°æµè¯"
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msgid ""
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msgid "New volunteers are welcome."
msgstr "欢è¿æ°çå¿æ¿è
ã"
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msgid "Mentors"
msgstr "导å¸"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
+#| "volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Mentors (<a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>) "
-"volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
+"The GNU Mentors at <a href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";><mentors@gnu.org>"
+"</a> volunteer to provide guidance for new software maintainers."
msgstr ""
"GNU 导å¸ï¼<a
href=\"mailto:mentors@gnu.org\";>mentors@gnu.org</a>ï¼èªæ¿ä¸ºæ°è½¯"
"件维æ¤è
æä¾æ导ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "We ask long-time GNU maintainers to volunteer."
msgstr "æ们è¦æ± GNU çé¿æç»´æ¤è
èªæ¿åå ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Proofreaders"
msgstr "æ ¡å¯¹å"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
+#| "proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
+#| "\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
msgid ""
"The proofreaders list is available to help GNU package maintainers by "
"proofreading English text. To request proofreading, write to <a href="
-"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a>."
+"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";><proofreaders@gnu.org></a>."
msgstr ""
"æ ¡å¯¹è
å表å¯éè¿æ ¡å¯¹è±æææ¬æ¥å¸®å© GNU 软件å
ç»´æ¤è
ã请åä¿¡ç» <a href="
"\"mailto:proofreaders@gnu.org\";>proofreaders@gnu.org</a> æ¥è¯·æ±æ ¡å¯¹ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Other Teams and Services"
msgstr "å
¶ä»å°ç»åæå¡"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Several other teams facilitate or manage the day-to-day operations within "
"the GNU Project, or advance specific goals of the project."
msgstr "å
¶ä»å 个å¢éæ¯ææ管ç GNU
å·¥ç¨ä¸çæ¥å¸¸è¿ä½ææ¨è¿é¡¹ç®çç¹å®ç®æ ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Advisory Committee"
msgstr "GNU å¨è¯¢å§åä¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/contact/gnu-advisory.html\">GNU Advisory Committee</a> (GAC) "
"exists to provide advice to the Chief GNUisance. Members of the Advisory "
@@ -418,11 +460,11 @@
"é¦å¸ GNUisance æä¾å»ºè®®ãå¨è¯¢å§åä¼å§åç±é¦å¸ GNUisance
ä»»å½ãå¨è¯¢å§åä¼é常"
"代表é¦å¸ GNUisance çè§ GNU
å·¥ç¨çè¿è¡ç¶åµï¼å¹¶æåºæ½å¨çé®é¢è¿è¡è®¨è®ºã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Savannah Hackers"
msgstr "Savannah é»å®¢"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org\">Savannah</a> is the GNU Project's software "
"forge. It hosts code repositories, bug reporting tools, mailing list "
@@ -438,11 +480,11 @@
"äºç¡®ä¿ GNU 软件çæ£å¸¸æ管æå¡ä¹å¤ï¼Savannah
é»å®¢è¿ä¼è¯ä¼°ç³è¯·æ管çé GNU 软"
"件ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Webmasters"
msgstr "ç½ç«ç®¡çå"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">GNU Webmasters</a> maintain and "
"update the web pages at <a href=\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a>."
@@ -450,7 +492,7 @@
"<a href=\"/people/webmeisters.html\">GNU ç½ç«ç®¡çå</a> ç»´æ¤å¹¶æ´æ°
<a href="
"\"/\">https://www.gnu.org</a> ç½é¡µã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Webmasters also answer various kinds of questions sent by the public, "
"regarding topics such as free software and licenses (when the answer is "
@@ -462,7 +504,7 @@
"æ¶ï¼ãä»ä»¬å¯¹åè¡çè¯ä¼°ç请æ±è¿è¡åæ¥çéï¼å®¡æ
¸æ³è¦æ为ç½ç«ç®¡çåç人åï¼å¹¶æ´"
"æ°éåå表ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Webmaster Group is led by the <a href=\"mailto:chief-";
"webmaster@gnu.org\">Chief Webmaster</a> who reports to the Chief "
@@ -473,11 +515,11 @@
"webmaster@gnu.org\">é¦å¸ç½ç®¡</a> é¢å¯¼ã欢è¿æ°çå¿æ¿è
ã请æ¥ç <a href=\"/"
"server/standards/webmaster-quiz.html\">ç½ç®¡å¿æ¿è
æµè¯</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "Web Translators"
msgstr "ç½é¡µç¿»è¯"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Each language has a translation team, directed by a team coordinator. See "
"<a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">the Guide to "
@@ -490,11 +532,11 @@
"æ´å¤ä¿¡æ¯ãå¢éåè°åæ¥åç»åé¦å¸ GNUisance æ¥åç <a
href=\"mailto:web-";
"translators@gnu.org\">GNU ç¿»è¯ç»ç</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "List Helpers"
msgstr "å表å©æ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"//savannah.gnu.org/maintenance/ListHelperAntiSpam/\">Listhelper</"
"a> is a system for semi-automatically managing spam sent to GNU mailing "
@@ -505,19 +547,25 @@
"ï¼å表å©æï¼æ¯ä¸ä¸ªè¿æ»¤ GNU
é®ä»¶å表ä¸çåå¾é®ä»¶çåèªå¨ç³»ç»ã该è¿æ»¤å¨ä¼æè·å¤§"
"é¨ååå¾é®ä»¶ï¼ä½æ¯è¿éè¦äººå·¥æ¥å¤çå©ä¸çé®ä»¶éåã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Volunteer Coordinators"
msgstr "GNU å¿æ¿åè°å"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</"
-"a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the GNU Project"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Volunteer Coordinators (<a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu."
+#| "org</a>) help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+#| "GNU Project"
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Volunteer Coordinators at <a href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";><gvc@gnu."
+"org></a> help to guide new volunteers towards suitable jobs within the "
+"GNU Project"
msgstr ""
"GNU å¿æ¿åè°åï¼<a
href=\"mailto:gvc@gnu.org\";>gvc@gnu.org</a>ï¼å¸®å©æ导æ°å¿"
"æ¿è
å¨ GNU å·¥ç¨ä¸ä»äºåéçå·¥ä½"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"New GVC volunteers are welcome, but prior experience volunteering within GNU "
"(and thus broad knowledge of the GNU Project) is highly recommended."
@@ -525,11 +573,11 @@
"欢è¿æ°ç GVC å¿æ¿è
ï¼ä½æ¯å¼ºç建议æ GNU å¿æ¿è
ç»éªç人ï¼å æ¤å¯¹ GNU å·¥ç¨æ广æ³"
"äºè§£ï¼æ
å½ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Education Team"
msgstr "GNU æè²å°ç»"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"/education/\">GNU Education Team</a> promotes the adoption of "
"the GNU Operating System in educational environments. It also evaluates "
@@ -538,11 +586,11 @@
"<a href=\"/education/\">GNU æè²å°ç»</a> ä¿è¿å¨æè²ç¯å¢ä¸éç¨
GNU æä½ç³»ç»ã"
"å®è¿ä¼è¯ä¼°å¦æ ¡å¹¶ä¸å¦æ ¡ç®¡ç人å对è¯ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
msgid "GNU Standards Group"
msgstr "GNU æ åç»"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Standards Group evaluates proposals to update the GNU coding "
"standards. Anyone can submit a proposal via the <a href=\"//lists.gnu.org/"
@@ -558,15 +606,15 @@
"ç¶åï¼å°ç»è®¨è®ºå¹¶è¯ä¼°è¯¥å»ºè®®ï¼ä»¥æ¾æ¸
ææç»èåå«ä¹ãç¶åï¼ä»ä»¬å°å»ºè®®æ交ç»é¦å¸ "
"GNUisanceï¼ç±ä»ååºå³å®ã该å°ç»è¿è´è´£å¯¹ææ¡£å®æ½æ´æ¹ä»¥åæ´æ°ç½ç«ææ¡£ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "New volunteers are recruited from existing GNU volunteers when needed."
msgstr "éè¦æ¶ï¼ä»ç°æ GNU å¿æ¿è
ä¸æåã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Correcting Errors"
msgstr "æ´æ£é误"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If we find errors or omissions in this description of the existing "
"structure, which are possible since it previously had no centralized "
@@ -581,11 +629,11 @@
"<a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.html\">HTML
çæ¬</a>ï¼å¹¶æé«ç¬¬ä¸ä½çæ¬å·ãèçæ¬"
"ä¹ä¼æ¾å° <a href=\"/gnu/old-gnu-structure/\">æ¤æ件夹</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Future Changes in Administrative Structure"
msgstr "è¡æ¿ç»æçæªæ¥åå"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Changes in the GNU Project administrative structure are decided on by the "
"Chief GNUisance after starting consultations with GNU contributors, usually "
@@ -597,7 +645,7 @@
"ç±é¦å¸ GNUisance
ååºå³å®ãè¿äºç£åçç®çæ¯èèå¯è½çæ¿ä»£æ¹æ¡ï¼å¹¶é¢æµå®ä»¬å¯è½"
"带æ¥ç好ä¸åçå½±åï¼ä»èååºææºçå³å®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To report changes that are adopted, we will update this document, both the "
"Org version and the HTML version (see previous section), advancing the first "
@@ -606,6 +654,12 @@
"æ们å°éè¿æ´æ°æ¤ææ¡£æ¥æ¥åæ´æ¹æ¯å¦è¢«é纳ï¼Org
çææ¡£å HTML çææ¡£ï¼åç以"
"ä¸ï¼é½ä¼æ´æ°ï¼å¹¶æé«ç¬¬ä¸å/æ第äºä½çæ¬å·ã"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"An <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">Org version</a> of this document is "
+"also available."
+msgstr "æ¤æ件è¿æä¸ä¸ª <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-structure.org\">æ§ç</a>ã"
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -624,9 +678,7 @@
"èç³»æ¹æ³</a> èç³»èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF)ãæå
³å¤±æé¾æ¥æå
¶ä»é误å建议ï¼è¯·åéé®"
"ä»¶å° <a
href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu.org></a>ã"
-#
-#
-#
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -634,25 +686,27 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
-"æ们尽æ大åªåæ¥æä¾ç²¾ååé«è´¨éçç¿»è¯ï¼ä½é¾å
ä¼åå¨é误åä¸è¶³ãå¦ææ¨å¨è¿æ¹"
-"é¢æè¯è®ºæä¸è¬æ§ç建议ï¼è¯·åéè³ <a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";
-"\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã</p><p>å
³äºè¿è¡åè°ä¸æ交翻è¯çæ´å¤ä¿¡"
-"æ¯åè§ <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translators.html\">ãè¯è
æåã</"
-"a>ã"
+"请åè <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">ç¿»è¯è¯´æ</a> äº"
+"解æå
³åè°åæ交æç« ç¿»è¯çä¿¡æ¯ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -678,6 +732,19 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr " æåæ´æ°ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2020, 2021 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#
+#
+#
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "æ们尽æ大åªåæ¥æä¾ç²¾ååé«è´¨éçç¿»è¯ï¼ä½é¾å
ä¼åå¨é误åä¸è¶³ãå¦ææ¨å¨è¿"
+#~ "æ¹é¢æè¯è®ºæä¸è¬æ§ç建议ï¼è¯·åéè³ <a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
+#~ "org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã</p><p>å
³äºè¿è¡åè°ä¸æ交翻è¯ç"
+#~ "æ´å¤ä¿¡æ¯åè§ <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translators.html\">ãè¯è
"
+#~ "æåã</a>ã"
+
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2020 Brandon Invergo and Richard Stallman"
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar-diff.html 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53
-0000 1.11
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.12
@@ -12,23 +12,28 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span class="removed"><del><strong>of
GNU</h2>
<p><strong>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
-our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
-and our page on</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
+our</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the
GNU Project</a>.
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>, our page on
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>.
</p></blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
@@ -59,9 +64,9 @@
href="http://www.gnu.org">www.gnu.org</a>, which talks about free
software and freedom.</p>
-<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for the first time in
+<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for</strong></del></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>first time in
“GNU/Linux” won't immediately associate it with anything.
-However, when people know that</strong></del></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system is basically GNU, that brings
+However, when people know that the system is basically GNU, that brings
them a step closer to learning about our ideals. For instance, they
might become curious and look for more information about
GNU.</p></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>ideas GNU
stands for.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -90,10 +95,9 @@
<hr class="no-display" />
<p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></em></ins></span>
-and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU System</a>.
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>the GNU System</a>.
</p>
-<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
</div></em></ins></span>
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 13:34:53 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar.po,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53 -0000
1.39
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ar.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.40
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-09-02 23:02+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Hossam Hossny <hossam@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Arabic\n"
@@ -24,8 +24,14 @@
"&& n%100<=10 ? 3 : n%100>=11 && n%100<=99 ? 4 : 5;\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Ù
ستخدÙ
٠غÙ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙسÙ
عÙا عÙ٠أبدÙا - Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ - Ù
ؤسسة اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة"
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.bg-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.bg-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -b -r1.9 -r1.10
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.bg-diff.html 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53
-0000 1.9
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.bg-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.10
@@ -12,23 +12,28 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span class="removed"><del><strong>of
GNU</h2>
<p><strong>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
-our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
-and our page on</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
+our</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the
GNU Project</a>.
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>, our page on
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>.
</p></blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
@@ -59,9 +64,9 @@
href="http://www.gnu.org">www.gnu.org</a>, which talks about free
software and freedom.</p>
-<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for the first time in
+<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for</strong></del></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>first time in
“GNU/Linux” won't immediately associate it with anything.
-However, when people know that</strong></del></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system is basically GNU, that brings
+However, when people know that the system is basically GNU, that brings
them a step closer to learning about our ideals. For instance, they
might become curious and look for more information about
GNU.</p></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>ideas GNU
stands for.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -90,10 +95,9 @@
<hr class="no-display" />
<p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></em></ins></span>
-and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU System</a>.
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>the GNU System</a>.
</p>
-<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
</div></em></ins></span>
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 13:34:53 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.bg.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.bg.po,v
retrieving revision 1.26
retrieving revision 1.27
diff -u -b -r1.26 -r1.27
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.bg.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53 -0000
1.26
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.bg.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.27
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-06-24 14:53+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Yavor Doganov <yavor@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Bulgarian <dict@fsa-bg.org>\n"
@@ -19,8 +19,14 @@
"X-Outdated-Since: 2015-06-02 12:25+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑÑебиÑели на GNU, коиÑо никога не Ñа
ÑÑвали за GNU - ÐÑоекÑÑÑ GNU - "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43
-0000 1.7
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.8
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">GNU</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>GNU</em></ins></span> Users Who Have Never Heard
of GNU</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -83,8 +88,7 @@
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
System</a>.
-</p>
-<hr class="no-display" /></em></ins></span>
+</p></em></ins></span>
</div>
</div>
@@ -146,7 +150,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.po,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.34
diff -u -b -r1.33 -r1.34
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53 -0000
1.33
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ca.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.34
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-09-07 10:37+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Miquel Puigpelat <mpuigpe1@xtec.cat>\n"
"Language-Team: Catalan <www-ca-traductors@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -19,8 +19,14 @@
"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Usuaris de GNU que mai no han sentit parlar de GNU - Projecte GNU - Free "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.cs-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.cs-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.cs-diff.html 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53
-0000 1.16
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.cs-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.17
@@ -12,23 +12,28 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span class="removed"><del><strong>of
GNU</h2>
<p><strong>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
-our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
-and our page on</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
+our</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the
GNU Project</a>.
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>, our page on
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>.
</p></blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
@@ -59,9 +64,9 @@
href="http://www.gnu.org">www.gnu.org</a>, which talks about free
software and freedom.</p>
-<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for the first time in
+<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for</strong></del></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>first time in
“GNU/Linux” won't immediately associate it with anything.
-However, when people know that</strong></del></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system is basically GNU, that brings
+However, when people know that the system is basically GNU, that brings
them a step closer to learning about our ideals. For instance, they
might become curious and look for more information about
GNU.</p></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>ideas GNU
stands for.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -90,10 +95,9 @@
<hr class="no-display" />
<p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></em></ins></span>
-and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU System</a>.
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>the GNU System</a>.
</p>
-<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
</div></em></ins></span>
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 13:34:53 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.cs.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.cs.po,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.cs.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53 -0000
1.16
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.cs.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.17
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-07-15 19:13+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: FrantiÅ¡ek KuÄera <franta-gnu@frantovo.cz>\n"
"Language-Team: Czech <www-cs-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -23,8 +23,14 @@
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : 2;\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Uživatelé GNU, kteÅà nikdy neslyÅ¡eli o GNU â Projekt GNU â Nadace
pro "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43
-0000 1.4
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.5
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">GNU</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>GNU</em></ins></span> Users Who Have Never Heard
of GNU</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -83,8 +88,7 @@
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
System</a>.
-</p>
-<hr class="no-display" /></em></ins></span>
+</p></em></ins></span>
</div>
</div>
@@ -146,7 +150,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.po,v
retrieving revision 1.42
retrieving revision 1.43
diff -u -b -r1.42 -r1.43
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53 -0000
1.42
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.de.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.43
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: webmasters@gnu.org\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-09-26 22:00+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Jоегg Kоhпе <joeko (AT) online [PUNKT] de>\n"
"Language-Team: German <www-de-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -20,8 +20,14 @@
"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"GNU-Benutzer, die noch nie von GNU gehört haben - GNU-Projekt - Free "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.49
retrieving revision 1.50
diff -u -b -r1.49 -r1.50
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.es.po 31 Aug 2021 11:35:28 -0000
1.49
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.es.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.50
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-08-31 12:55+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Javier Fdez. Retenaga <jfrtnaga@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <www-es-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -17,12 +17,19 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.1\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Usuarios de GNU que nunca han oÃdo hablar de GNU - Proyecto GNU - Free "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fa-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fa-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fa-diff.html 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53
-0000 1.8
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fa-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.9
@@ -12,23 +12,28 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span class="removed"><del><strong>of
GNU</h2>
<p><strong>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
-our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
-and our page on</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
+our</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the
GNU Project</a>.
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>, our page on
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>.
</p></blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
@@ -59,9 +64,9 @@
href="http://www.gnu.org">www.gnu.org</a>, which talks about free
software and freedom.</p>
-<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for the first time in
+<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for</strong></del></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>first time in
“GNU/Linux” won't immediately associate it with anything.
-However, when people know that</strong></del></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system is basically GNU, that brings
+However, when people know that the system is basically GNU, that brings
them a step closer to learning about our ideals. For instance, they
might become curious and look for more information about
GNU.</p></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>ideas GNU
stands for.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -90,10 +95,9 @@
<hr class="no-display" />
<p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></em></ins></span>
-and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU System</a>.
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>the GNU System</a>.
</p>
-<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
</div></em></ins></span>
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 13:34:53 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fa.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fa.po,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fa.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53 -0000
1.25
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fa.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.26
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-05-21 15:15+0330\n"
"Last-Translator: Abbas Esmaeeli Some'eh <abbas@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Persian <www-fa-general@list.gnu.org>\n"
@@ -18,8 +18,12 @@
"X-Outdated-Since: 2015-06-02 12:25+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"کاربرا٠گÙÙ Ú©Ù Ùرگز ÚÛØ²Û Ø¯Ø±Ø¨Ø§Ø±Ù Ú¯ÙÙ
ÙØ´ÙÛدÙâاÙد - پرÙÚÙ Ú¯ÙÙ - بÙÛاد "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.48
retrieving revision 1.49
diff -u -b -r1.48 -r1.49
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fr.po 30 Aug 2021 13:48:23 -0000
1.48
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.49
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-08-30 15:48+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Sogal <sogal AT member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -16,11 +16,18 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: \n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Les utilisateurs de GNU qui n'ont jamais entendu parler de GNU - Projet GNU "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.hr-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.hr-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.hr-diff.html 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53
-0000 1.10
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.hr-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.11
@@ -12,23 +12,28 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.76</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span class="removed"><del><strong>of
GNU</h2>
<p><strong>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
-our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
-and our page on</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
+our</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the
GNU Project</a>.
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>, our page on
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>.
</p></blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
@@ -59,9 +64,9 @@
href="http://www.gnu.org">www.gnu.org</a>, which talks about free
software and freedom.</p>
-<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for the first time in
+<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for</strong></del></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>first time in
“GNU/Linux” won't immediately associate it with anything.
-However, when people know that</strong></del></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system is basically GNU, that brings
+However, when people know that the system is basically GNU, that brings
them a step closer to learning about our ideals. For instance, they
might become curious and look for more information about
GNU.</p></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>ideas GNU
stands for.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -90,10 +95,9 @@
<hr class="no-display" />
<p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></em></ins></span>
-and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU System</a>.
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>the GNU System</a>.
</p>
-<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
</div></em></ins></span>
@@ -158,7 +162,7 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p</em></ins></span>
class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 13:34:53 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.hr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.hr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.hr.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53 -0000
1.15
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.16
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-06-03 18:30+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Martina Bebek <martinaporec@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: GNU Croatian Translation Team <www-hr-lista@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -20,8 +20,14 @@
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Korisnici GNU-a koji nisu nikada Äuli za GNU - Projekt GNU - Zaklada za "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43
-0000 1.2
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.3
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">GNU</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>GNU</em></ins></span> Users Who Have Never Heard
of GNU</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -83,8 +88,7 @@
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
System</a>.
-</p>
-<hr class="no-display" /></em></ins></span>
+</p></em></ins></span>
</div>
</div>
@@ -146,7 +150,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.po,v
retrieving revision 1.24
retrieving revision 1.25
diff -u -b -r1.24 -r1.25
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53 -0000
1.24
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.it.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.25
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-04-18 22:09+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andrea Pescetti <pescetti@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Italian <www-it-traduzioni@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -20,8 +20,14 @@
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.3\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Utenti GNU che non hanno mai sentito parlare di GNU - Progetto GNU - Free "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.29
retrieving revision 1.30
diff -u -b -r1.29 -r1.30
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ja.po 31 Aug 2021 02:39:09 -0000
1.29
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.30
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-08-31 10:09+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese <web-translators-ja@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,10 +15,15 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"GNUã«ã¤ãã¦ã¾ã£ããèãããã¨ã®ãªãGNUã¦ã¼ã¶ -
GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã - ããªã¼ã½ãã"
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ml-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ml-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ml-diff.html 30 Aug 2021 13:34:53
-0000 1.8
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ml-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.9
@@ -12,23 +12,28 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span class="removed"><del><strong>of
GNU</h2>
<p><strong>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
-our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
-and our page on</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
+our</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the
GNU Project</a>.
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>, our page on
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>.
</p></blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
@@ -59,9 +64,9 @@
href="http://www.gnu.org">www.gnu.org</a>, which talks about free
software and freedom.</p>
-<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for the first time in
+<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for</strong></del></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>first time in
“GNU/Linux” won't immediately associate it with anything.
-However, when people know that</strong></del></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system is basically GNU, that brings
+However, when people know that the system is basically GNU, that brings
them a step closer to learning about our ideals. For instance, they
might become curious and look for more information about
GNU.</p></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>ideas GNU
stands for.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -90,10 +95,9 @@
<hr class="no-display" />
<p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></em></ins></span>
-and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU System</a>.
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>the GNU System</a>.
</p>
-<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
</div></em></ins></span>
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 13:34:53 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ml.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ml.po,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ml.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:54 -0000
1.31
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ml.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.32
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-05-04 17:52+0530\n"
"Last-Translator: Navaneeth <navaneeth@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Malayalam <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -20,8 +20,14 @@
"X-Outdated-Since: 2015-06-02 12:25+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"à´àµà´¨àµà´µà´¿à´¨àµà´ªàµà´ªà´±àµà´±à´¿
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à´à´ªà´¯àµà´àµà´¤à´¾à´àµà´à´³àµâ - à´àµà´¨àµ à´¸à´à´°à´à´à´ -
à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´°àµâ
à´ªàµà´°à´¸àµà´¥à´¾à´¨à´"
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43
-0000 1.11
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.12
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
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class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">GNU</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>GNU</em></ins></span> Users Who Have Never Heard
of GNU</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -83,8 +88,7 @@
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
System</a>.
-</p>
-<hr class="no-display" /></em></ins></span>
+</p></em></ins></span>
</div>
</div>
@@ -146,7 +150,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.23
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -b -r1.23 -r1.24
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:54 -0000
1.23
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.24
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Justin van Steijn <jvs@fsfe.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Dutch\n"
@@ -20,8 +20,14 @@
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.11\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"GNU-gebruikers die nog nooit van GNU gehoord hebben - GNU-project - Free "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43
-0000 1.4
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.5
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
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class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
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class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
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-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">GNU</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>GNU</em></ins></span> Users Who Have Never Heard
of GNU</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -83,8 +88,7 @@
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
System</a>.
-</p>
-<hr class="no-display" /></em></ins></span>
+</p></em></ins></span>
</div>
</div>
@@ -146,7 +150,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.30
retrieving revision 1.31
diff -u -b -r1.30 -r1.31
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:54 -0000
1.30
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.31
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: 1.0\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-07-19 15:32-0600\n"
"Last-Translator: Jan Owoc <jsowoc AT gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Polish <www-pl-trans@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -23,8 +23,14 @@
"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.1\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Użytkownicy GNU, którzy nigdy o GNU nie sÅyszeli - Projekt GNU - Fundacja "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.20
retrieving revision 1.21
diff -u -b -r1.20 -r1.21
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pot 30 Aug 2021 13:34:54 -0000 1.20
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.21
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
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msgstr ""
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.21
retrieving revision 1.22
diff -u -b -r1.21 -r1.22
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pt-br.po 5 Sep 2021 15:33:44 -0000
1.21
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.22
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-05 12:04-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,12 +16,17 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1)\n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 40.0\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Usuários do GNU que nunca ouviram falar do GNU - Projeto GNU - Free Software
"
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.39
retrieving revision 1.40
diff -u -b -r1.39 -r1.40
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ru.po 30 Aug 2021 14:04:42 -0000
1.39
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.40
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-08-30 17:17+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,12 +14,19 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Poedit-Language: Russian\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
#. type: Content of: <title>
+# | GNU Users Who Have Never Heard [-of GNU-] {+of GNU+} - GNU Project -
+# | Free Software Foundation
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"ÐолÑзоваÑели GNU, коÑоÑÑе никогда не
ÑлÑÑали о GNU - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sq.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sq.po,v
retrieving revision 1.53
retrieving revision 1.54
diff -u -b -r1.53 -r1.54
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sq.po 5 Sep 2021 12:01:36 -0000
1.53
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sq.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.54
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-05 14:48+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Besnik Bleta <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Shqip <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
@@ -14,12 +14,17 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.2\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
#. type: Content of: <title>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"Përdorues të GNU-së Që Nuk Kanë Dëgjuar Kurrë për GNU-në - Projekti
GNU - "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sr-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sr-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sr-diff.html 30 Aug 2021 13:34:54
-0000 1.11
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sr-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.12
@@ -12,23 +12,28 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span class="removed"><del><strong>of
GNU</h2>
<p><strong>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
-our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
-and our page on</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
+our</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</h2>
-<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the
GNU Project</a>.
+<address class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>, our page on
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
Project</a>.
</p></blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
@@ -59,9 +64,9 @@
href="http://www.gnu.org">www.gnu.org</a>, which talks about free
software and freedom.</p>
-<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for the first time in
+<p>A person seeing the name “GNU” for</strong></del></span>
the <span class="removed"><del><strong>first time in
“GNU/Linux” won't immediately associate it with anything.
-However, when people know that</strong></del></span> the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system is basically GNU, that brings
+However, when people know that the system is basically GNU, that brings
them a step closer to learning about our ideals. For instance, they
might become curious and look for more information about
GNU.</p></strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>ideas GNU
stands for.</p></em></ins></span>
@@ -90,10 +95,9 @@
<hr class="no-display" />
<p>To learn more about this issue, you can also read
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
-<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></em></ins></span>
-and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU System</a>.
+<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
+and our page on <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux</em></ins></span> and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>community.</p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>the GNU System</a>.
</p>
-<hr class="no-display" />
</div>
</div></em></ins></span>
@@ -156,7 +160,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 13:34:54 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.28
retrieving revision 1.29
diff -u -b -r1.28 -r1.29
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sr.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:54 -0000
1.28
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.sr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.29
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2011-09-09 15:16+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Strahinya Radich <vilinkamen@mail.ru>\n"
"Language-Team: Serbian <www-sr-dev@lists.gnu.org>\n"
@@ -21,8 +21,12 @@
"Outdated-Since: 2015-02-02 12:23+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"ÐÐУ коÑиÑниÑи коÑи никада ниÑÑ ÑÑли о ÐÐУ
â ÐÑоÑÐµÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐУ â ÐадÑжбина за "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.40
retrieving revision 1.41
diff -u -b -r1.40 -r1.41
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.tr.po 12 Sep 2021 06:55:10 -0000
1.40
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.41
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-12 07:33+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: T. E. Kalayci <tekrei@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Turkish <www-tr-comm@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -19,12 +19,17 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.2\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"GNU'yu hiç duymamıŠolan GNU kullanıcıları - GNU Projesi - Ãzgür
Yazılım "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43
-0000 1.5
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52
-0000 1.6
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
-<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
+<title>GNU Users Who Have Never Heard <span
class="removed"><del><strong>of GNU</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>of GNU</em></ins></span>
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">GNU</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>GNU</em></ins></span> Users Who Have Never Heard
of GNU</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -83,8 +88,7 @@
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
<a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a>
and our page on <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU
System</a>.
-</p>
-<hr class="no-display" /></em></ins></span>
+</p></em></ins></span>
</div>
</div>
@@ -146,7 +150,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.19
retrieving revision 1.20
diff -u -b -r1.19 -r1.20
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.po 30 Aug 2021 13:34:54 -0000
1.19
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.20
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-12-10 14:52+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <>\n"
@@ -22,8 +22,12 @@
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ GNU, ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ñколи не ÑÑли пÑо GNU -
ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд вÑлÑного "
Index: po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.zh-cn.po 8 Sep 2021 09:03:53 -0000
1.10
+++ po/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.11
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-08-30 13:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-08 16:22+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,10 +14,15 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+#| "Foundation"
msgid ""
-"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"GNU Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU - GNU Project - Free Software "
"Foundation"
msgstr "ä»æªå¬è¯´è¿ GNU ç GNU ç¨æ· - GNU å·¥ç¨ -
èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
Index: po/incorrect-quotation.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/incorrect-quotation.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/incorrect-quotation.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.6
+++ po/incorrect-quotation.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.7
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: incorrect-quotation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-01-10 15:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-11-12 17:59+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -14,16 +14,24 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Incorrect Quotation - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Citation erronée - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Incorrect Quotation"
msgstr "Citation erronée"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "by Richard Stallman"
+msgid "by Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "par Richard Stallman"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A quotation circulates on the Internet, attributed to me, but it wasn't "
"written by me."
@@ -31,7 +39,7 @@
"Une citation qui m'est attribuée circule sur Internet, mais elle n'a pas
été "
"écrite par moi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Here's the text that is circulating. Most of it was copied from statements "
"I have made, but the part italicized here is not from me. It makes points "
@@ -41,7 +49,7 @@
"déclarations que j'ai faites, mais les parties que j'ai mises en italique ne
"
"sont pas de moi. Ce texte énonce des arguments inexacts ou confus."
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, "
"is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus "
@@ -71,7 +79,7 @@
"développé par le projet GNU. Il existe bien un Linux que ces personnes "
"utilisent, mais c'est juste une partie du système qu'elles utilisent."
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machine's "
"resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential "
@@ -90,7 +98,7 @@
"auquel on a ajouté Linux, c'est-à -dire GNU/Linux. Toutes les distributions "
"appelées « Linux » sont en réalité des distributions de GNU/Linux."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The main error is that Linux is <em>not</em> strictly speaking part of the "
"GNU system—whose kernel is GNU Hurd. The version with Linux, we call "
@@ -104,7 +112,7 @@
"« GNU » quand vous voulez faire très court, mais c'est mieux de
l'appeler "
"« GNU/Linux » pour reconnaître la contribution de Torvalds."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We don't use the term “corelibs,” and I am not sure what that "
"would mean, but GNU is much more than the specific packages we developed for "
@@ -119,7 +127,7 @@
"nécessitait de développer les logiciels importants que nous ne pouvions "
"trouver ailleurs, quels qu'ils soient."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"See <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux and GNU</a> and <a href=\"/gnu/"
"gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, plus the history in <a href=\"/gnu/"
@@ -155,14 +163,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Merci d'adresser vos commentaires sur les pages en français à <<a href="
@@ -173,8 +181,8 @@
"traduction</a> les infos nécessaires."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -200,6 +208,5 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Dernière mise à jour :"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/incorrect-quotation.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/incorrect-quotation.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- po/incorrect-quotation.pot 10 Jan 2018 16:03:22 -0000 1.1
+++ po/incorrect-quotation.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.2
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: incorrect-quotation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-01-10 15:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -20,24 +20,28 @@
msgid "Incorrect Quotation - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Incorrect Quotation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
+msgid "by Richard Stallman"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A quotation circulates on the Internet, attributed to me, but it wasn't "
"written by me."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Here's the text that is circulating. Most of it was copied from statements "
"I have made, but the part italicized here is not from me. It makes points "
"that are mistaken or confused."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, "
"is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus "
@@ -53,7 +57,7 @@
"they use."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machine's "
"resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential "
@@ -64,7 +68,7 @@
"distributions are really distributions of GNU/Linux."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The main error is that Linux is <em>not</em> strictly speaking part of the "
"GNU system—whose kernel is GNU Hurd. The version with Linux, we call "
@@ -73,7 +77,7 @@
"as to give Torvalds some credit."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We don't use the term “corelibs,” and I am not sure what that "
"would mean, but GNU is much more than the specific packages we developed for "
@@ -82,7 +86,7 @@
"elsewhere."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"See <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux and GNU</a> and <a "
"href=\"/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, plus the history in <a "
@@ -113,7 +117,7 @@
#
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
#
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
@@ -121,11 +125,12 @@
msgid ""
"Please see the <a "
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
-"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+"for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this "
+"article."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
Index: po/incorrect-quotation.pt-br-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/incorrect-quotation.pt-br-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/incorrect-quotation.pt-br-en.html 15 Dec 2018 14:46:09 -0000
1.3
+++ po/incorrect-quotation.pt-br-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000
1.4
@@ -1,12 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Incorrect Quotation
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/incorrect-quotation.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Incorrect Quotation</h2>
+<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address>
+
<p>A quotation circulates on the Internet, attributed to me, but it
wasn't written by me.</p>
@@ -54,10 +62,11 @@
<p>See <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and GNU</a> and
<a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, plus the history
in <a href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">The GNU Project</a>.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -75,13 +84,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -102,7 +111,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -112,7 +121,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2018/12/15 14:46:09 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:52 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/incorrect-quotation.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/incorrect-quotation.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/incorrect-quotation.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.6
+++ po/incorrect-quotation.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.7
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: incorrect-quotation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-01-10 15:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-12-12 23:43-0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -20,11 +20,15 @@
msgid "Incorrect Quotation - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Citação incorreta - Projeto GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Incorrect Quotation"
msgstr "Citação incorreta"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
+msgid "by Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "por Richard Stallman"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A quotation circulates on the Internet, attributed to me, but it wasn't "
"written by me."
@@ -32,7 +36,7 @@
"Uma citação circula na Internet, atribuÃda a mim, mas não foi escrita por
"
"mim."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Here's the text that is circulating. Most of it was copied from statements "
"I have made, but the part italicized here is not from me. It makes points "
@@ -42,7 +46,7 @@
"declarações que fiz, mas a parte em itálico aqui não é minha. Ele
contém "
"pontos que estão errados ou confusos."
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, "
"is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus "
@@ -71,7 +75,7 @@
"Projeto GNU. Existe realmente um Linux, e essas pessoas estão usando, mas é
"
"apenas uma parte do sistema que eles usam."
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machine's "
"resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential "
@@ -89,7 +93,7 @@
"com Linux adicionado, ou GNU/Linux. Todas as chamadas distribuições
âLinuxâ "
"são, na verdade, distribuições do GNU/Linux."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The main error is that Linux is <em>not</em> strictly speaking part of the "
"GNU system—whose kernel is GNU Hurd. The version with Linux, we call "
@@ -103,7 +107,7 @@
"realmente breve, mas é melhor chamá-lo de âGNU/Linuxâ de modo a dar ao "
"Torvalds algum crédito."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We don't use the term “corelibs,” and I am not sure what that "
"would mean, but GNU is much more than the specific packages we developed for "
@@ -117,7 +121,7 @@
"operacional, chamando-o de GNU, e esse trabalho exigia o desenvolvimento de "
"pacotes importantes que não pudéssemos encontrar em outro lugar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"See <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux and GNU</a> and <a href=\"/gnu/"
"gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, plus the history in <a href=\"/gnu/"
@@ -153,14 +157,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"A equipe de traduções para o português brasileiro se esforça para
oferecer "
@@ -168,12 +172,12 @@
"favor, envie seus comentários e sugestões em geral sobre as traduções
para "
"<a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
"a>. </p><p>Consulte o <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e o "
-"envio de traduções das páginas deste site."
+"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e a "
+"contribuição com traduções das páginas deste site."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -197,6 +201,5 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima atualização:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/incorrect-quotation.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/incorrect-quotation.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/incorrect-quotation.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.2
+++ po/incorrect-quotation.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.3
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: incorrect-quotation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-01-10 15:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-08-29 06:26+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,24 +15,33 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Incorrect Quotation - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
"ÐевеÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑаÑа - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Incorrect Quotation"
msgstr "ÐевеÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑаÑа"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "by Richard Stallman"
+msgid "by Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "РиÑаÑд СÑолмен"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A quotation circulates on the Internet, attributed to me, but it wasn't "
"written by me."
msgstr ""
"Ðо ÐнÑеÑнеÑÑ ÑиÑкÑлиÑÑÐµÑ ÑиÑаÑа, ее
пÑипиÑÑваÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ, но Ñ ÑÑого не пиÑал."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Here's the text that is circulating. Most of it was copied from statements "
"I have made, but the part italicized here is not from me. It makes points "
@@ -42,7 +51,7 @@
"коÑоÑÑе Ñ Ñделал, но ÑаÑÑÑ, вÑделеннаÑ
кÑÑÑивом, не моÑ. Ðое-ÑÑо в ней "
"оÑибоÑно или пеÑепÑÑано."
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, "
"is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus "
@@ -70,7 +79,7 @@
"ÑиÑÑема GNU, ÑазÑабоÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑом GNU. Ð
ней дейÑÑвиÑелÑно еÑÑÑ Linux, и "
"лÑди им полÑзÑÑÑÑÑ, но ÑÑо ÑолÑко ÑаÑÑÑ
ÑиÑÑемÑ, коÑоÑой они полÑзÑÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machine's "
"resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential "
@@ -89,7 +98,7 @@
"назÑваемÑе диÑÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ñ “Linux” на
Ñамом деле пÑедÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ñобой "
"диÑÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ñ GNU/Linux."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The main error is that Linux is <em>not</em> strictly speaking part of the "
"GNU system—whose kernel is GNU Hurd. The version with Linux, we call "
@@ -103,7 +112,7 @@
"Ð²Ñ Ñ
оÑиÑе бÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÑаÑким, но лÑÑÑе
назÑваÑÑ ÐµÐµ “GNU/Linux”, "
"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº-Ñо оÑдаÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ТоÑвалÑдÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We don't use the term “corelibs,” and I am not sure what that "
"would mean, but GNU is much more than the specific packages we developed for "
@@ -118,7 +127,7 @@
"ÑÑебовала ÑазÑабоÑки лÑбÑÑ
важнÑÑ
пакеÑов, коÑоÑÑе Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð³Ð´Ðµ еÑе не могли "
"найÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"See <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux and GNU</a> and <a href=\"/gnu/"
"gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, plus the history in <a href=\"/gnu/"
@@ -155,14 +164,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
@@ -173,8 +188,8 @@
"translations.html\">“Ð ÑководÑÑве по
пеÑеводам”</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -202,6 +217,5 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/incorrect-quotation.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/incorrect-quotation.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/incorrect-quotation.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.2
+++ po/incorrect-quotation.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.3
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: incorrect-quotation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-01-10 15:56+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-10-12 21:04+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,22 +14,29 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Incorrect Quotation - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "é误çè¯å½ - GNUå·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Incorrect Quotation"
msgstr "é误çè¯å½"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "by <strong>Richard Stallman</strong>"
+msgid "by Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "<strong>Richard Stallman</strong> è"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"A quotation circulates on the Internet, attributed to me, but it wasn't "
"written by me."
msgstr "ç½ç»ä¸æµä¼
çä¸ä¸ªè¯å½ï¼è¯´æ¯æçè´¡ç®ï¼ä½æ¯æä¸æ¾åè¿ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Here's the text that is circulating. Most of it was copied from statements "
"I have made, but the part italicized here is not from me. It makes points "
@@ -38,7 +45,7 @@
"ä¸é¢å°±æ¯è¿æ®µè¯ãå
¶ä¸å¤§é¨åæ¥èªæåè¿çéè¿°ï¼ä½æ¯å
¶æä½é¨åä¸æ¯æçãå
¶è§ç¹æ¯"
"é误çæè
说æ¯ä»¤äººè¿·æçã"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, "
"is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus "
@@ -62,7 +69,7 @@
"æ¯ç±GNUå·¥ç¨å¼åçãç¡®å®æä¸ä¸ªLinuxï¼äººä»¬ä¹å¨ä½¿ç¨ï¼ä½æ¯å®åªæ¯æ´ä¸ªç³»ç»çä¸é¨"
"åã"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
msgid ""
"Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machine's "
"resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential "
@@ -77,7 +84,7 @@
"GNUæä½ç³»ç»èåèµ·æ¥ä½¿ç¨ï¼æ´ä¸ªç³»ç»å°±æ¯GNUå ä¸Linuxï¼æè
å«GNU/Linuxãææ被称"
"为“Linux”çåè¡çå
¶å®é½æ¯GNU/Linuxã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The main error is that Linux is <em>not</em> strictly speaking part of the "
"GNU system—whose kernel is GNU Hurd. The version with Linux, we call "
@@ -90,7 +97,7 @@
"æ³ç®ççè¯ï¼å«å®“GNU”ä¹æ²¡å
³ç³»ï¼ä½æ¯æ好称ä¹ä¸º“GNU/"
"Linux”ï¼è¿æ ·å°±è½ç»Torvaldsä¸äºè£èªã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We don't use the term “corelibs,” and I am not sure what that "
"would mean, but GNU is much more than the specific packages we developed for "
@@ -102,7 +109,7 @@
"è¶
è¿æ们为ä¹å¼åç软件å
ãæå¨1983å¹´çæå¼åä¸ä¸ªæä½ç³»ç»ï¼ç§°ä¹ä¸ºGNUï¼å®è¦æ±å¼"
"åæææ们没æ³æ¾æ¥ç¨ç软件å
ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"See <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">Linux and GNU</a> and <a href=\"/gnu/"
"gnu-linux-faq.html\">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, plus the history in <a href=\"/gnu/"
@@ -130,9 +137,7 @@
"ç³»æ¹æ³</a>èç³»èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF)ã请å°æ æé¾æ¥ï¼å
¶ä»é误æ建议åéç»<a href="
"\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu.org></a>ã"
-#
-#
-#
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -140,22 +145,27 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
-"è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
-"ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+"请åè <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">ç¿»è¯è¯´æ</a> äº"
+"解æå
³åè°åæ交æç« ç¿»è¯çä¿¡æ¯ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -179,6 +189,16 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2018, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#
+#
+#
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+
+#~ msgid "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.ar.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.ar.po,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- po/initial-announcement.ar.po 30 May 2021 18:01:56 -0000 1.31
+++ po/initial-announcement.ar.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.32
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-09-02 22:03+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Hossam Hossny <hossam@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Arabic <>\n"
@@ -26,26 +26,26 @@
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "اÙبÙا٠اÙØ£ÙÙÙ - Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ - Ù
ؤسسة اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "اÙبÙا٠اÙØ£ÙÙÙ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, [-written-]
-# | {+posted+} by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on
-# | September 27, 1983.
+# | {+posted+} by <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, written by <a href="
#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Ùذا Ù٠اÙإعÙاÙ٠اÙأصÙÙ ÙÙ
شرÙع غÙÙØ Ùتب٠<a
href=\"http://www.stallman.org/";
"\">رÙتشارد ستÙÙÙ
Ù</a> Ù٠اÙسابع ÙاÙعشرÙÙ Ù
Ù
سبتÙ
بر 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | The {+actual+} history of the GNU Project [-is-] {+differs+} in many ways
# | [-different-] from this initial plan. For example, the beginning was
# | delayed until [-January, 1984 and several-] {+January 1984. Several+} of
@@ -68,22 +68,33 @@
"تارÙØ® اÙبدء Ø¥ÙÙ ÙÙاÙر 1984 ÙÙÙ
تÙ٠تÙاصÙÙ
عدÙدة تتعÙÙ <a href=\"/philosophy/"
"free-sw.html\">باÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة</a> Ùد Ø£ÙضØت."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "ÙÙÙÙس Øر!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"ابتداء٠Ù
٠عÙد اÙØ´Ùر Ùذا سÙ٠أÙÙÙ
بÙتابة
ÙظاÙ
برÙ
ج٠ÙاÙ
Ù Ù
تÙاÙÙ Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس ÙÙدع٠"
"غÙÙ (استÙادÙا Ø¥Ù٠غÙÙ ÙÙس ÙÙÙÙس)Ø ÙسأÙزعÙ
باÙÙ
جاÙ<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> ÙØ£Ù "
"شخص ÙستطÙع استخداÙ
Ù. ÙØ٠بأÙ
س اÙØاجة Ø¥ÙÙ
اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
Ø© باÙÙ
ا٠ÙاÙبراÙ
ج ÙاÙÙ
عدات."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -98,7 +109,7 @@
"Ø´ÙØ¡ Ù
ÙÙد Ùأت٠عادة Ù
ع ÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙØ£Ù Ø´ÙØ¡
آخر Ù
ÙÙØ¯Ø Ø¨Ù
ا ÙÙ Ø°Ù٠تÙØ«Ù٠بÙÙئة "
"Ø¥ÙÙترÙÙÙØ© ÙÙ
طبÙعة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -119,11 +130,11 @@
"سÙ٠تÙÙÙ C Ù Lisp Ùغت٠برÙ
جة اÙÙظاÙ
. سÙÙ ÙبÙÙ
برÙ
جÙات شبÙØ© عÙÙ Ù
ÙÙا٠MIT "
"chaosnet تتÙÙ٠بÙØ«Ùر عÙÙ UUCP. Ùد ÙÙÙر Ø´ÙئÙا Ù
تÙاÙÙÙا Ù
ع UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Ù
٠أÙاØ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -138,11 +149,11 @@
"Ù
٠أضا٠دعÙ
اÙعرض اÙطرÙ٠اÙÙ
ستÙ٠إÙÙ ITS.
ÙÙÙذت Ø£ÙضÙا ÙظاÙ
Ù
ÙÙات Ù
ضاد ÙÙاÙÙÙار "
"ÙÙظاÙ
Ù ÙÙÙذة ÙأجÙزة Lisp."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا تتØتÙ
عÙÙ Ùتابة غÙÙØ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -151,7 +162,7 @@
"أر٠أ٠اÙÙاعدة اÙØ°ÙبÙØ© Ø£Ù٠إذا أعجبÙÙ
برÙاÙ
ج ÙÙجب أ٠أشارÙÙ Ù
ع Ù
Ù ÙØبÙÙÙ. Ùا "
"ÙÙبغ٠عÙÙ -بضÙ
Ùر ØÙ- أ٠أÙÙع اتÙاÙÙØ© سرÙØ©
أ٠اتÙاÙÙØ© ترخÙص برÙ
جÙØ©."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -160,11 +171,11 @@
"ÙÙأتÙ
ÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙ
ض٠ÙدÙ
Ùا Ù٠استخداÙ
اÙØÙاسÙب بدÙ٠خر٠Ù
بادئÙØ ÙÙÙد Ùررت أ٠أضع "
"ÙÙاÙÙا ÙاÙÙÙا ÙÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة ÙأتÙ
ÙÙ Ù
Ù
اÙÙ
ض٠بدÙ٠أ٠برÙ
جÙات غÙر Øرة."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "ÙÙ٠تستطÙع اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
Ø©"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -172,7 +183,7 @@
"Ø¥ÙÙ٠أطÙب Ù
Ù Ù
صاÙع اÙØÙاسÙب أ٠تتبرع
باÙأجÙزة ÙاÙÙ
اÙØ ÙØ¥Ù٠أطÙب Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùراد "
"Ø£Ù ÙتبرعÙا باÙبراÙ
ج ÙاÙجÙد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -184,7 +195,7 @@
"تستطÙعÙ٠تÙÙعÙا إذا تبرعتÙ
باÙأجÙزة Ø£Ù
غÙ٠سÙعÙ
Ù ÙÙ Ù
Ùعد Ø£Ùرب. ÙÙض٠أ٠ÙÙÙÙ "
"اÙجÙاز ÙادرÙا عÙ٠اÙعÙ
Ù ÙÙ Ù
ÙØ·ÙØ© سÙÙÙØ© ÙÙا
ÙØتاج تبرÙدÙا أ٠طاÙØ© Ù
ÙÙÙØ©."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -200,7 +211,7 @@
"اÙÙ
Ø´ÙÙØ©Ø ÙÙ
عظÙ
تÙاصÙ٠اÙÙاجÙØ© سÙ٠تتÙÙد
بÙÙÙÙس. إذا عÙÙ
ÙÙت ÙÙ Ù
ساÙÙ
Ø© Ù
ع بÙÙØ© "
"أجزاء ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ÙسÙ٠تعÙ
٠عÙ٠اÙØ£Ø±Ø¬Ø Ù
ع بÙÙØ©
أجزاء غÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -213,78 +224,223 @@
"Ø£ÙÙ
ÙØ© ع٠اÙÙ
اÙ. Ø¥ÙÙ٠أعتبر Ùذ٠طرÙÙØ©
ÙØ¥Ùجاد Ø£Ùاس ÙÙرسÙÙ Ù٠طاÙتÙÙ
ÙÙعÙ
٠عÙÙ "
"غÙ٠بدÙ٠اÙØاجة Ø¥Ù٠طرÙÙØ© أخر٠ÙجÙ٠اÙÙ
اÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "اتص٠ب٠ÙÙ
زÙد Ù
٠اÙÙ
عÙÙÙ
ات."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "</p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:left\">برÙد Arpanet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "</p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:left\">Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "</p><p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align:left\">US Snail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "اختÙار سÙØ¡ ÙÙÙÙ
Ø© ”free“ Ù٠اÙÙص
اÙأصÙÙ"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"ÙÙ
تÙ٠اÙصÙاغة ÙاضØØ©. Ùا٠اÙÙصد Ø£ÙÙ ÙÙ Ùضطر
Ø£Øد ÙÙدÙع Ù
Ùاب٠<b>إذÙ</b> "
-"باستخداÙ
ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ. ÙÙ٠اÙعبارة Ùا تÙضÙØ
Ùذا اÙØ£Ù
Ø±Ø ÙاÙÙاس ÙÙÙسرÙÙÙا عادة عÙÙ "
-"Ø£Ù Ùسخ غÙÙ Ùجب أ٠تÙزع دائÙ
Ùا بÙ
Ùاب٠ÙÙÙÙ
أ٠بدÙÙ Ù
ÙابÙ. ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ Ùذا أبدÙا "
-"اÙÙ
Ùصد."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "اÙرساÙØ© اÙأصÙÙØ©"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
msgstr "اÙبرÙد اÙأصÙÙ Ù
سرÙد أدÙا٠بصÙرتÙ
اÙأصÙÙØ© ÙÙØ¥ÙÙ
اÙ."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -296,7 +452,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -484,6 +640,38 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "ÙÙاÙ
Ø´"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"ÙÙ
تÙ٠اÙصÙاغة ÙاضØØ©. Ùا٠اÙÙصد Ø£ÙÙ ÙÙ Ùضطر
Ø£Øد ÙÙدÙع Ù
Ùاب٠<b>إذÙ</b> "
+"باستخداÙ
ÙظاÙ
غÙÙ. ÙÙ٠اÙعبارة Ùا تÙضÙØ
Ùذا اÙØ£Ù
Ø±Ø ÙاÙÙاس ÙÙÙسرÙÙÙا عادة عÙÙ "
+"Ø£Ù Ùسخ غÙÙ Ùجب أ٠تÙزع دائÙ
Ùا بÙ
Ùاب٠ÙÙÙÙ
أ٠بدÙÙ Ù
ÙابÙ. ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ Ùذا أبدÙا "
+"اÙÙ
Ùصد."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -503,6 +691,7 @@
"Ùرج٠إرسا٠اÙÙصÙات اÙÙ
ÙÙطعة Ùأ٠تصØÙØات
أ٠اÙتراØات Ø¥ÙÙ <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -510,14 +699,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"رغÙ
بذÙÙا Ùصار٠جÙدÙا ÙتÙÙÙر ترجÙ
ات دÙÙÙØ©
ذات جÙدة عاÙÙØ©Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا Ùدع٠ÙÙ
ا٠"
@@ -528,28 +723,33 @@
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">دÙÙ٠اÙترجÙ
Ø©</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008-] {+2008, 2009, 2013, 2014+}
-# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008-] {+2009, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"ØÙÙ٠اÙÙشر:</p><p style=\"direction: ltr\">\n"
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc. "
"(Ù
ؤسسة اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة)"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ùذا اÙÙ
ÙصÙÙÙÙ Ù
رخص بÙ
Ùجب <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/";
-"licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ar\">رخصة اÙÙ
شاع اÙإبداع٠Ùسب
اÙÙ
صÙÙ - Ù
Ùع "
-"اÙاشتÙا٠3.0 اÙÙÙاÙات اÙÙ
تØدة</a>."
+"licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.ar\">رخصة اÙÙ
شاع اÙإبداع٠Ùسب
اÙÙ
صÙÙ - Ù
Ùع اÙاشتÙا٠"
+"4.0 دÙÙÙ</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -562,3 +762,28 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ØÙدÙثت:"
+
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "اختÙار سÙØ¡ ÙÙÙÙ
Ø© ”free“ Ù٠اÙÙص
اÙأصÙÙ"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "رغÙ
بذÙÙا Ùصار٠جÙدÙا ÙتÙÙÙر ترجÙ
ات
دÙÙÙØ© ذات جÙدة عاÙÙØ©Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا Ùدع٠"
+#~ "ÙÙ
ا٠اÙÙصÙص ÙØ®ÙÙÙا Ù
٠اÙأخطاء. ÙرجÙ
إرسا٠اÙتعÙÙÙات ÙاÙÙ
ÙترØات اÙÙ
تعÙÙØ© "
+#~ "بÙذا اÙشأ٠إÙ٠عÙÙا٠اÙبرÙد اÙØ¥ÙÙترÙÙÙ <a
href=\"mailto:web-";
+#~ "translators@gnu.org\"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
<p>ÙÙØصÙÙ "
+#~ "عÙ٠أ٠Ù
عÙÙÙ
ات بشأ٠تÙسÙÙ ÙتÙدÙÙ
ترجÙ
ات Ù
ÙÙعÙا اÙØ¥ÙÙترÙÙÙØ Ùرج٠اÙاطÙاع "
+#~ "عÙ٠اÙرابط اÙتاÙÙ <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">دÙÙ٠اÙترجÙ
Ø©</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ùذا اÙÙ
ÙصÙÙÙÙ Ù
رخص بÙ
Ùجب <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.";
+#~ "org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ar\">رخصة اÙÙ
شاع اÙإبداعÙ
Ùسب اÙÙ
صÙÙ - Ù
Ùع "
+#~ "اÙاشتÙا٠3.0 اÙÙÙاÙات اÙÙ
تØدة</a>."
Index: po/initial-announcement.bg.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.bg.po,v
retrieving revision 1.27
retrieving revision 1.28
diff -u -b -r1.27 -r1.28
--- po/initial-announcement.bg.po 30 May 2021 18:30:21 -0000 1.27
+++ po/initial-announcement.bg.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.28
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-10-28 11:37+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Yavor Doganov <yavor@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Bulgarian <dict@fsa-bg.org>\n"
@@ -25,19 +25,26 @@
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "ÐÑÑвонаÑално обÑвление - ÐÑоекÑÑÑ GNU -
ФондаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð° Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑеÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "ÐÑÑвонаÑално обÑвление"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Това е оÑигиналноÑо обÑвление на пÑоекÑа
GNU, изпÑаÑено Ð¾Ñ <a href=\"http://";
"www.stallman.org/\">РиÑаÑд СÑолман</a> на 27
ÑепÑемвÑи 1983 г."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | The {+actual+} history of the GNU Project [-is-] {+differs+} in many ways
# | [-different-] from this initial plan. For example, the beginning was
# | delayed until [-January, 1984 and several-] {+January 1984. Several+} of
@@ -61,16 +68,27 @@
"оÑноÑно понÑÑиеÑо <a
href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑеÑ</a> "
"не Ñа били ÑÑоÑнени."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Свободен âЮникÑâ!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"ÐапоÑвайки Ð¾Ñ Ñози Ðен на благодаÑноÑÑÑа,
Ñе напиÑа ÑÑлоÑÑна ÑоÑÑÑеÑна "
"ÑиÑÑема, ÑÑвмеÑÑима Ñ âЮникÑâ, наÑеÑена
GNU (Ð¾Ñ GNU's Not Unix â GNU не е "
@@ -79,7 +97,7 @@
"обоÑÑдване е много необÑ
одимо."
# ÐоÑледниÑе нÑколко дÑми в абзаÑа не ÑÑоÑÑ
много добÑе.
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -97,7 +115,7 @@
"âЮникÑâ, и вÑиÑко оÑÑанало â вклÑÑиÑелно
докÑменÑаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² ÑоÑÑÑеÑна и пеÑаÑна "
"ÑоÑма."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -121,11 +139,11 @@
"имаме мÑежов ÑоÑÑÑеÑ, базиÑан на
пÑоÑокола на ÐÐТ âchaosnetâ, Ð´Ð°Ð»ÐµÑ "
"пÑевÑзÑ
Ð¾Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ñ UUCP. Ðоже ÑÑÑо да имаме и неÑо
ÑÑвмеÑÑимо Ñ UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Ðой ÑÑм аз?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -142,11 +160,11 @@
"Machineâ. РеализиÑал ÑÑм една надеждна
Ñайлова ÑиÑÑема и две пÑозоÑеÑни "
"ÑиÑÑеми за маÑини на ÐиÑп."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ÐаÑо ÑÑÑбва да напиÑа GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -156,7 +174,7 @@
"Ñ ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ñ Ð¾ÑÑаналиÑе, коиÑо Ñ Ñ
аÑеÑваÑ.
Ðе мога Ñ ÑиÑÑа ÑÑвеÑÑ Ð´Ð° подпиÑа "
"ÑпоÑазÑмение за неÑазкÑиване или
лиÑензно ÑпоÑазÑмение за ÑоÑÑÑеÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -166,11 +184,11 @@
"аз ÑеÑиÑ
да напÑÐ°Ð²Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ñвободен
ÑоÑÑÑÐµÑ Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑаÑÑÑно голÑм ÑазмеÑ, "
"Ñака Ñе да мога да Ð¶Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑ Ð±ÐµÐ· да пÑибÑгвам
до ÑоÑÑÑеÑ, койÑо не е Ñвободен."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Ðак може да допÑинеÑеÑе"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -178,7 +196,7 @@
"ÐÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑоизводиÑелиÑе на компÑÑÑи за
даÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° маÑини и паÑи. ÐÐ¾Ð»Ñ "
"оÑделниÑе Ñ
оÑа за даÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° пÑогÑами и
ÑабоÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -193,7 +211,7 @@
"\"#TransNote3\"><sup>3</sup></a> и да не изиÑква Ñложно оÑ
лаждане или "
"заÑ
Ñанване."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -212,7 +230,7 @@
"ÑÑвмеÑÑимоÑÑ Ñ âЮникÑâ. Ðко вÑÑка
допÑинеÑена пÑогÑама ÑабоÑи Ñ Ð¾ÑÑаналаÑа "
"ÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° âЮникÑâ, ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¹-веÑоÑÑно Ñе
ÑабоÑи и Ñ Ð¾ÑÑаналаÑа ÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -227,69 +245,51 @@
"пÑлнаÑа Ñи енеÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð° ÑабоÑа вÑÑÑ
Ñ GNU, каÑо
им Ñе ÑпеÑÑи нÑждаÑа да Ñи "
"изкаÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ñ
лÑба по нÑкакÑв дÑÑг наÑин."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "СвÑÑжеÑе Ñе Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½ за повеÑе
инÑоÑмаÑиÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "ÐоÑа Arpanet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "ÐдÑеÑ:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "РиÑаÑд СÑолман"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "Ñл. âÐÑоÑпекÑâ 166"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "ÐембÑидж, ÐаÑаÑÑзеÑÑ 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð° дÑми около âfree<a
href=\"#TransNote4\"><sup>4</sup></a>â"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"ÐзползванеÑо на дÑмиÑе ÑÑк е по
невнимание. ÐамеÑениеÑо беÑе, Ñе никой не "
-"ÑÑÑбва да плаÑа за <b>ÑазÑеÑение</b> да
използва ÑиÑÑемаÑа GNU. Ðо дÑмиÑе "
-"не изÑÑнÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ñова и Ñ
оÑаÑа ÑеÑÑо ги
инÑеÑпÑеÑиÑаÑ, Ñе ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° GNU би "
-"ÑÑÑбвало винаги да Ñе ÑазпÑоÑÑÑанÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð·Ð°
малко паÑи или безплаÑно. Такова "
-"намеÑение никога не е имало."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "ÐÑигинално пиÑмо"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -298,10 +298,172 @@
"ÑоÑма."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -313,7 +475,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -501,6 +663,40 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# | Footnote[-s-]
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnotes"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Ðележки"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐзползванеÑо на дÑмиÑе ÑÑк е по
невнимание. ÐамеÑениеÑо беÑе, Ñе никой не "
+"ÑÑÑбва да плаÑа за <b>ÑазÑеÑение</b> да
използва ÑиÑÑемаÑа GNU. Ðо дÑмиÑе "
+"не изÑÑнÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ñова и Ñ
оÑаÑа ÑеÑÑо ги
инÑеÑпÑеÑиÑаÑ, Ñе ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° GNU би "
+"ÑÑÑбвало винаги да Ñе ÑазпÑоÑÑÑанÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð·Ð°
малко паÑи или безплаÑно. Такова "
+"намеÑение никога не е имало."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -551,14 +747,23 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐолÑ, докладвайÑе гÑеÑки и пÑедложениÑ
оÑноÑно бÑлгаÑÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ñевод ÑÑез <a "
@@ -568,28 +773,33 @@
"подаванеÑо на пÑеводи на Ñази ÑÑаÑиÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, [-2009-] {+2009, 2013, 2014+}
-# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008, 2009-] {+2009, 2021+} Free
+# | Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, "
#| "Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. "
"(ФондаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð° Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑеÑ)"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðоже да копиÑаÑе и ÑазпÑоÑÑÑанÑваÑе Ñази
ÑÑаÑÐ¸Ñ ÑпоÑед ÑÑловиÑÑа на <a rel="
-"\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";
-"\">ÐÑиейÑив ÐомÑÐ½Ñ âÐÑизнание-Ðез
пÑоизводни пÑоизведениÑâ 3.0 СÐЩ</a>."
+"\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>ÐÑиейÑив "
+"ÐомÑÐ½Ñ âÐÑизнание-Ðез пÑоизводни
пÑоизведениÑâ 4.0</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -602,3 +812,27 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ÐоÑледно обновÑване:"
+
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð° дÑми около âfree<a
href=\"#TransNote4\"><sup>4</sup></a>â"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "ÐолÑ, докладвайÑе гÑеÑки и пÑедложениÑ
оÑноÑно бÑлгаÑÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ñевод ÑÑез <a "
+#~ "href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
+#~ "a>.</p> <p>ÐижÑе <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ÐокÑменÑаÑиÑÑа за пÑеводаÑи</a> за
инÑоÑмаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð° кооÑдиниÑанеÑо и "
+#~ "подаванеÑо на пÑеводи на Ñази ÑÑаÑиÑ."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ðоже да копиÑаÑе и ÑазпÑоÑÑÑанÑваÑе
Ñази ÑÑаÑÐ¸Ñ ÑпоÑед ÑÑловиÑÑа на <a "
+#~ "rel=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";
+#~ "\">ÐÑиейÑив ÐомÑÐ½Ñ âÐÑизнание-Ðез
пÑоизводни пÑоизведениÑâ 3.0 СÐЩ</a>."
Index: po/initial-announcement.ca.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.ca.po,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.34
diff -u -b -r1.33 -r1.34
--- po/initial-announcement.ca.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.33
+++ po/initial-announcement.ca.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.34
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-06-05 16:18+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Miquel Puigpelat <mpuigpe1@xtec.cat>\n"
"Language-Team: Catalan <www-ca-traductors@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
#. type: Content of: <title>
@@ -22,21 +23,28 @@
msgstr "Anunci inicial - Projecte GNU - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Anunci inicial"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Aquest és l'anunci inicial del Projecte GNU, escrit per <a
href=\"http://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> el 27 de setembre 1983."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -49,17 +57,28 @@
"\">programari lliure</a> no es van clarificar fins alguns anys després."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Unix Lliure!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"En aquest dia d'acció de grà cies començaré a escriure un sistema de "
"programari plenament compatible amb Unix anomenat GNU (per GNU no és Unix), "
@@ -68,7 +87,7 @@
"programes i equipaments informà tics."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -86,7 +105,7 @@
"altra cosa útil, incloent-hi documentació impresa i en lÃnia."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -111,12 +130,12 @@
"superior a l'UUCP. Potser també tindrem alguna cosa compatible amb UUCP."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Qui Sóc?"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -134,12 +153,12 @@
"a prova de penjades i dos sistemes de finestres per a mà quines Lisp."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Per què he d'escriure GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -150,7 +169,7 @@
"de no revelació o una llicència de programari."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -162,12 +181,12 @@
"lliure."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Com podeu contribuir"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -177,7 +196,7 @@
"que aportin el seu treball."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -192,7 +211,7 @@
"elevat consum de refrigeració o d'energia elèctrica."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -212,7 +231,7 @@
"d'Unix, probablement funcionarà amb la resta de GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -227,75 +246,54 @@
"GNU, estalviant-los la necessitat de guanyar-se la vida d'una altra manera."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Per a més informació, contacteu amb mi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanet mail:"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "US Snail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-# type: Content of: <h4>
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "La desafortunada elecció de la paraula \"free\""
-
-# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"En aquest punt, la manera d'expressar-ho va ser poc acurada [A l'original "
-"anglès, \"free\" es podia entendre pel context com \"gratuïtament\"]. La "
-"intenció era que ningú no hagués de pagar per obtenir un <b>permÃs</b>
per "
-"utilitzar GNU. Però la frase no ho deixava clar, i la gent sovint "
-"interpretava que les còpies del sistema GNU s'havien de distribuir de franc "
-"o a molt baix preu, cosa que mai no es va pretendre."
-
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Missatge original"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -305,10 +303,172 @@
# type: Content of: <pre>
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -320,7 +480,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -508,6 +668,42 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# | Footnote[-s-]
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnotes"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Notes"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"En aquest punt, la manera d'expressar-ho va ser poc acurada [A l'original "
+"anglès, \"free\" es podia entendre pel context com \"gratuïtament\"]. La "
+"intenció era que ningú no hagués de pagar per obtenir un <b>permÃs</b>
per "
+"utilitzar GNU. Però la frase no ho deixava clar, i la gent sovint "
+"interpretava que les còpies del sistema GNU s'havien de distribuir de franc "
+"o a molt baix preu, cosa que mai no es va pretendre."
+
# type: Content of: <div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -535,14 +731,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Vegeu la <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Guia de "
@@ -553,18 +755,33 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Aquesta pà gina es troba sota la <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ca\">Llicència Creative "
@@ -583,14 +800,37 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Updated:"
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "La desafortunada elecció de la paraula \"free\""
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Vegeu la <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Guia de "
+#~ "traducció</a> per informar-vos sobre la coordinació i publicació de les
"
+#~ "traduccions d'aquest article. <br />Contacteu amb l'<a href=\"/server/"
+#~ "standards/translations/ca/\">Equip de traducció</a> per col·laborar en
la "
+#~ "traducció al català del web de GNU."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Aquesta pà gina es troba sota la <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ca\">Llicència Creative "
+#~ "Commons Reconeixement-SenseObraDerivada 3.0 Estats Units d'Amèrica</a>."
+
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#~ msgid ""
Index: po/initial-announcement.cs.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.cs.po,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -b -r1.9 -r1.10
--- po/initial-announcement.cs.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:57 -0000 1.9
+++ po/initial-announcement.cs.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.10
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-07-08 15:48+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: FrantiÅ¡ek KuÄera <franta-gnu@frantovo.cz>\n"
"Language-Team: Czech <www-cs-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 1.2\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : 2;\n"
@@ -23,19 +24,26 @@
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Ãvodnà oznámenà â Projekt GNU â Nadace pro svobodný software"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Ãvodnà oznámenÃ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Toto je původnà oznámenà o projektu GNU, napsané <a href=\"http://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richardem Stallmanem</a> 27. záÅà roku 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -47,23 +55,34 @@
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">svobodného softwaru</a> se ujasÅovaly "
"nÄkolik dalÅ¡Ãch let."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Svobodný Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"Od DÃkuvzdánà se chystám napsat operaÄnà systém kompatibilnà s
Unixem, "
"nazvaný GNU, a dát jej svobodnÄ <a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> k dispozici
každému, "
"kdo jej může využÃt. Velmi jsou teÄ potÅeba pÅÃspÄvky formou Äasu,
penÄz, "
"programů a vybavenÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -79,7 +98,7 @@
"vÅ¡e, co bÄžnÄ obsahuje systém Unix a vÅ¡echno ostatnÃ, vÄetnÄ on-line
a "
"tiÅ¡tÄné dokumentace."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -103,11 +122,11 @@
"chaosnet, daleko lepÅ¡Ãm než UUCP. Můžeme mÃt ale také nÄco
kompatibilnÃho s "
"UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Kdo jsem ?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -124,11 +143,11 @@
"implementoval i jeden souborový systém odolný proti pádu a dva okennà "
"systémy pro lispové stroje."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ProÄ musÃm napsat GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -138,7 +157,7 @@
"s ostatnÃmi, kteÅà jej majà také rádi. Nemohu s Äistým svÄdomÃm
podepsat non-"
"disclosure agreement (NSA) Äi softwarové licenÄnà ujednánÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -148,11 +167,11 @@
"rozhodl jsem se dát dohromady dostateÄný základ svobodného softwaru tak,
"
"abych se obeÅ¡el bez jakéhokoli, který svobodný nenÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Jak můžete pÅispÄt"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -160,7 +179,7 @@
"Vyzývám výrobce poÄÃtaÄů, aby vÄnovali techniku a penÃze. Vyzývám "
"jednotlivce, aby pÅispÄli programy a svou pracÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -173,7 +192,7 @@
"na nÄm brzy pobÄžÃ. PoÄÃtaÄ by mÄl být použitelný v domácÃm
prostÅedà a "
"nevyžadovat složité chlazenà Äi silný zdroj energie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -190,7 +209,7 @@
"týkajÃcÃch se rozhranà je daná kompatibilitou s Unixem. Pokud bude
každý "
"takový pÅÃspÄvek pracovat s Unixem, bude pravdÄpodobnÄ pracovat i s
GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -204,78 +223,223 @@
"mohli vÄnovat vÅ¡echnu svoji energii práci na GNU a nemuseli se živit
jiným "
"způsobem."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Kontaktujte mne pro dalšà informace."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanet mail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "US hlemýždà pošta:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "Chudé vyjadÅovacà možnosti kolem âfreeâ"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Tato formulace byla nedbalá. ZámÄrem bylo, že nikdo nebude muset platit
za "
-"<b>povolenÃ</b> použÃvat systém GNU. Ale slova to nevyjadÅujÃ
jednoznaÄnÄ a "
-"lidé je Äasto vykládajà tak, že kopie GNU musà být vždy
distribuované za "
-"malý nebo žádný poplatek. To ale nikdy nebyl zámÄr."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Původnà zpráva"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
msgstr "Pro úplnost zde uvádÃme e-mail v jeho původnÃm tvaru."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -287,7 +451,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -475,6 +639,38 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# | Footnote[-s-]
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnotes"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Poznámky pod Äarou"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Tato formulace byla nedbalá. ZámÄrem bylo, že nikdo nebude muset platit
za "
+"<b>povolenÃ</b> použÃvat systém GNU. Ale slova to nevyjadÅujÃ
jednoznaÄnÄ a "
+"lidé je Äasto vykládajà tak, že kopie GNU musà být vždy
distribuované za "
+"malý nebo žádný poplatek. To ale nikdy nebyl zámÄr."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -501,14 +697,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Pracujeme tvrdÄ a dÄláme to nejlepÅ¡Ã, abychom vám pÅinesli pÅesné a
kvalitnà "
@@ -519,22 +721,37 @@
"se dozvÃte, jak koordinovat svoji práci a posÃlat pÅeklady tohoto
Älánku."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Tato stránka je vydána pod licencà <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.cs\">Creative Commons UveÄte "
-"původ-Nezpracovávejte 3.0 Spojené státy americké</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -546,10 +763,34 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Aktualizováno:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "Chudé vyjadÅovacà možnosti kolem âfreeâ"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Pracujeme tvrdÄ a dÄláme to nejlepÅ¡Ã, abychom vám pÅinesli pÅesné
a "
+#~ "kvalitnà pÅeklady. NicménÄ i my můžeme udÄlat chybu. VaÅ¡e
komentáÅe a "
+#~ "návrhy na vylepÅ¡enà vÃtáme na adrese <a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
+#~ "org\"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> <p>PÅeÄtÄte si prosÃm
<a "
+#~ "href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">PÅÃruÄku "
+#~ "pÅekladatele</a>, kde se dozvÃte, jak koordinovat svoji práci a
posÃlat "
+#~ "pÅeklady tohoto Älánku."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Tato stránka je vydána pod licencà <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.cs\">Creative Commons "
+#~ "UveÄte původ-Nezpracovávejte 3.0 Spojené státy americké</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.de.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.de.po,v
retrieving revision 1.41
retrieving revision 1.42
diff -u -b -r1.41 -r1.42
--- po/initial-announcement.de.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.41
+++ po/initial-announcement.de.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.42
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Webmasters <webmasters@gnu.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-14 22:00+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Joerg Kohne <joeko (AT) online [PUNKT] de>\n"
"Language-Team: German <www-de-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
# (+) New Unix Implementation
#. type: Content of: <title>
@@ -24,21 +25,28 @@
"Neue Unix-Implementierung: Ursprüngliche Ankündigung [des GNU-Projekts] - "
"GNU-Projekt - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr ""
"Neue Unix-Implementierung: Ursprüngliche Ankündigung [des GNU-Projekts]"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"<span class=\"intro\"><em>Dies ist die ursprüngliche Ankündigung des GNU-"
"Projekts, geschrieben von <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> am 27. September 1983.</em></span>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -57,16 +65,27 @@
# "Nachrichten-ID: <771@mit-eddie.UUCP>\n"
# "Datum: Dienstag, 27. Sep.-83 13:35:59 EDT\n"
# "Organisation: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA</p>\n"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Freies Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"Ab diesem <span xml:lang=\"en\" lang=\"en\">Thanksgiving</span><a href="
"\"#tn1\" id=\"tn1-ref\" class=\"transnote\">[*]</a> werde ich ein "
@@ -75,7 +94,7 @@
"\" class=\"transnote\">(1)</a>, der es benutzen kann. Beiträge in Form von "
"Zeit, Geld, Programmen und Ausrüstung sind dringend erforderlich."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -95,7 +114,7 @@
"System kommt, und alles sonst nützliche, einschlieÃlich Onlinedokumentation
"
"und gedruckter Dokumentation."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -121,11 +140,11 @@
"lang=\"en\" lang=\"en\">Unix to Unix Copy Protocol (UUCP)</span> weit "
"überlegen, haben. Möglicherweise auch etwas, das mit UUCP kompatibel ist."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Wer bin ich?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -143,11 +162,11 @@
"ITS. Darüber hinaus implementierte ich ein absturzsicheres Dateisystem und "
"zwei Fenstersysteme für Lisp-Rechner."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Warum ich GNU schreiben muss"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -158,7 +177,7 @@
"Gewissens eine Vertraulichkeits- oder eine Softwarelizenzvereinbarung "
"unterzeichnen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -169,11 +188,11 @@
"zusammenzustellen, damit ich in der Lage sein werde, ohne jegliche unfreie "
"Software auszukommen."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Wie man beitragen kann"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -181,7 +200,7 @@
"Ich bitte Rechnerhersteller um Rechner- und Geldspenden. Einzelpersonen "
"bitte ich um Programmspenden und deren Arbeitskraft."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -195,7 +214,7 @@
"sollte in einem Wohngebiet nutzbar sein und keine aufwendige Kühlung oder "
"Stromversorgung benötigen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -214,7 +233,7 @@
"werden durch Unix-Kompatibilität geregelt. Wenn jeder Beitrag mit dem Rest "
"von Unix arbeitet, arbeitet es vermutlich mit dem Rest von GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -230,71 +249,51 @@
"widmen, indem ich ihnen die Notwendigkeit erspare, den Lebensunterhalt auf "
"andere Weise zu bestreiten."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Kontaktieren Sie mich für weitere Informationen:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "via ARPANET-E-Mail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "via Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "US-Briefpost:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr ""
-"Nachtrag</h4><p><a href=\"#f1-ref\">(1)</a> Schlechte Wortwahl um <em>"
-"âfreiâ</em></p><h4>"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Die Formulierung war ein wenig sorglos. Die Absicht war, dass niemand für "
-"die <strong>Berechtigung</strong> würde zahlen müssen, um das GNU-System "
-"benutzen zu können. Aber die Wörter verdeutlichen dies nicht und werden "
-"häufig mit <em>Kopien von GNU sollten immer mit geringen Kosten oder "
-"kostenlos verbreitet werden</em> interpretiert. Das war nie die Absicht."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Ursprüngliche Nachricht"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -303,10 +302,172 @@
"ursprünglichen Form:"
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -318,7 +479,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -508,6 +669,39 @@
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
"</span>\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "FuÃnote"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Die Formulierung war ein wenig sorglos. Die Absicht war, dass niemand für "
+"die <strong>Berechtigung</strong> würde zahlen müssen, um das GNU-System "
+"benutzen zu können. Aber die Wörter verdeutlichen dies nicht und werden "
+"häufig mit <em>Kopien von GNU sollten immer mit geringen Kosten oder "
+"kostenlos verbreitet werden</em> interpretiert. Das war nie die Absicht."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -543,14 +737,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Bei der Ãbersetzung dieses Werkes wurde mit gröÃter Sorgfalt vorgegangen. "
@@ -564,23 +764,32 @@
"standards/README.translations\">LIESMICH für Ãbersetzungen</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008, 2009-] {+2009, 2021+} Free
+# | Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer <a rel=\"license\" href=\"//"
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.de\">Creative Commons "
-"Namensnennung-Keine Bearbeitung 3.0 Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika</a>-"
-"Lizenz."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.de\">Creative Commons "
+"Namensnennung-Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</a>-Lizenz."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -594,24 +803,38 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Letzte Ãnderung:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Nachtrag</h4><p><a href=\"#f1-ref\">(1)</a> Schlechte Wortwahl um <em>"
+#~ "âfreiâ</em></p><h4>"
#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013 Free Software "
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
#~ "Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013 Free Software "
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
#~ "Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, "
-#~ "Inc."
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer <a rel=\"license\" href=\"//"
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.de\">Creative Commons "
+#~ "Namensnennung-Keine Bearbeitung 3.0 Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika</a>-"
+#~ "Lizenz."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009 Free Software Foundation, "
-#~ "Inc."
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.21
retrieving revision 1.22
diff -u -b -r1.21 -r1.22
--- po/initial-announcement.es.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.21
+++ po/initial-announcement.es.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.22
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-05 09:52+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Dora Scilipoti <dora AT gnu DOT org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <www-es-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
"X-Poedit-Language: Spanish\n"
@@ -26,19 +27,26 @@
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Anuncio inicial - Proyecto GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Anuncio inicial"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Este es el anuncio original del proyecto GNU, enviado por <a href=\"http://";
"www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> el 27 de septiembre de 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -51,16 +59,27 @@
"philosophy/free-sw.html\">software libre</a> se aclararon unos años más "
"tarde."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "¡Unix Libre!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"A partir del próximo DÃa de Acción de Gracias<a id=\"TransNote1-rev\"
href="
"\"#TransNote1\">[1]</a> comenzaré a escribir un sistema de software completo
"
@@ -68,7 +87,7 @@
"distribuiré libremente <a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> para que todos puedan usarlo.
"
"Son muy necesarias las contribuciones de dinero, programas y equipos."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -87,7 +106,7 @@
"cualquier otro elemento de utilidad, incluyendo documentación online e "
"impresa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -113,11 +132,11 @@
"chaosnet desarrollado en el MIT, muy superior a UUCP. Quizás también
hagamos "
"algo compatible con UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "¿Quién soy?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -135,11 +154,11 @@
"archivos a prueba de caÃdas y dos sistemas de ventanas para las máquinas "
"Lisp."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Por qué debo escribir GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -150,7 +169,7 @@
"no me permite firmar un acuerdo de confidencialidad o un acuerdo de licencia "
"de software."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -160,11 +179,11 @@
"decidido reunir suficiente software libre para no tener que usar ningún "
"programa que no sea llibre. "
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Cómo contribuir"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -172,7 +191,7 @@
"A los fabricantes de computadoras les pido donaciones de máquinas y de "
"dinero. A las demás personas les pido la donación de programas y de
trabajo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -186,7 +205,7 @@
"capaz de operar preferiblemente en un área residencial, y no requerir "
"sofisticados sistemas de energÃa o de refrigeración."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -205,7 +224,7 @@
"compatibilidad con Unix. Si cada contribución funciona con el resto de Unix,
"
"probablemente funcionará con el resto de GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -220,69 +239,51 @@
"oportunidad de dedicar todas sus energÃas a trabajar en GNU, ahorrándose
la "
"necesidad de tener que ganarse la vida de otra manera."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Para más información, póngase en contacto conmigo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Correo electrónico en Arpanet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "Dirección postal en los EE. UU.:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "Poca claridad en torno al término «<cite>free</cite>»"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"La redacción aquà fue descuidada. La intención era que nadie tendrÃa que "
-"pagar el <strong>permiso</strong> para usar el sistema GNU. Pero la "
-"redacción no lo deja en claro, y la gente suele interpretar que las copias "
-"de GNU se deberÃan distribuir siempre a un costo muy bajo o sin cobrar nada.
"
-"Esa nunca fue la intención."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Mensaje original"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -292,10 +293,172 @@
# type: Content of: <pre>
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -307,7 +470,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -495,6 +658,39 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Nota"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"La redacción aquà fue descuidada. La intención era que nadie tendrÃa que "
+"pagar el <strong>permiso</strong> para usar el sistema GNU. Pero la "
+"redacción no lo deja en claro, y la gente suele interpretar que las copias "
+"de GNU se deberÃan distribuir siempre a un costo muy bajo o sin cobrar nada.
"
+"Esa nunca fue la intención."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -518,7 +714,6 @@
"proponer otras correcciones o sugerencias, dirÃjase a <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
-#
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -526,14 +721,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"El equipo de traductores al español se esfuerza por ofrecer traducciones "
@@ -545,9 +740,14 @@
"coordinación y el envÃo de traducciones de las páginas de este sitio web."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
@@ -555,12 +755,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Esta página está bajo licencia <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.es_ES\">Creative Commons "
-"Reconocimiento-SinObraDerivada 3.0 Estados Unidos de América</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.es_ES\">Creative Commons "
+"Reconocimiento-SinObraDerivada 4.0 Internacional</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -575,10 +775,12 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima actualización:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "Poca claridad en torno al término «<cite>free</cite>»"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.52
retrieving revision 1.53
diff -u -b -r1.52 -r1.53
--- po/initial-announcement.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:57 -0000 1.52
+++ po/initial-announcement.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.53
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-12 19:21+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: \n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.5\n"
@@ -24,19 +25,26 @@
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Annonce initiale - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Annonce initiale"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Voici l'annonce originale du projet GNU, publiée par <a href=\"http://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> le 27 septembre 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -48,16 +56,27 @@
"concepts philosophiques du <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">logiciel "
"libre</a> n'ont été clarifiés qu'après plusieurs années."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Libérez Unix !"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"à partir de Thanksgiving je vais écrire un système logiciel complet "
"compatible avec Unix appelé GNU (pour <i>Gnu's Not Unix</i> â Gnu N'est
pas "
@@ -66,7 +85,7 @@
"\" href=\"#TransNote1\"><sup>a</sup></a> Il y a grand besoin de "
"contributions sous forme de temps, d'argent, de programmes et d'équipement."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -84,7 +103,7 @@
"ainsi que tout autre composant utile, y compris de la documentation en ligne "
"et imprimée."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -111,11 +130,11 @@
"protocole Chaosnet du MIT, bien supérieur à UUCP. Nous pourrions aussi
avoir "
"quelque chose de compatible avec UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Qui suis-je ?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -135,11 +154,11 @@
"Åuvre un système de fichiers robuste et deux systèmes de fenêtrage pour "
"machines Lisp."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Pourquoi je dois écrire GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -150,7 +169,7 @@
"conscience signer un accord de confidentialité ni un accord de licence de "
"logiciel."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -161,11 +180,11 @@
"libres, de manière à pouvoir m'en tirer sans aucun logiciel qui ne soit pas
"
"libre."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Comment vous pouvez participer"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -174,7 +193,7 @@
"et d'argent. Je demande aux gens une participation sous forme de programmes "
"et de travail."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -189,7 +208,7 @@
"requérir d'installation électrique ni de système de refroidissement "
"sophistiqués."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -209,7 +228,7 @@
"peut fonctionner avec le reste d'Unix, elle a de fortes chances de "
"fonctionner avec le reste de GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -224,69 +243,51 @@
"mettre toute leur énergie à travailler sur GNU en leur épargnant le besoin
"
"de gagner leur vie d'une autre manière."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Pour plus ample information, contactez-moi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanet mail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "US Snail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "Piètre formulation autour du mot <i>free</i>"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Ici, les mots n'ont pas été choisis soigneusement. Le sens voulu était que
"
-"personne n'aurait à payer pour la <b>permission</b> d'utiliser le système "
-"GNU. Mais la phrase ne rend pas cela clairement, et les gens l'interprètent "
-"souvent comme indiquant que les copies de GNU devraient toujours être "
-"distribuées à bas coût ou gratuitement ; cela n'a jamais été mon
intention."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Message original"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -295,10 +296,172 @@
"forme originale."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -310,7 +473,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -498,6 +661,39 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Note"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Ici, les mots n'ont pas été choisis soigneusement. Le sens voulu était que
"
+"personne n'aurait à payer pour la <b>permission</b> d'utiliser le système "
+"GNU. Mais la phrase ne rend pas cela clairement, et les gens l'interprètent "
+"souvent comme indiquant que les copies de GNU devraient toujours être "
+"distribuées à bas coût ou gratuitement ; cela n'a jamais été mon
intention."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -532,14 +728,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Merci d'adresser vos commentaires sur les pages en français à <<a href="
@@ -550,9 +746,14 @@
"traduction</a> les infos nécessaires."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
@@ -560,13 +761,13 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a rel="
-"\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";
-"\">Creative Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ
BY-"
-"ND 3.0Â US)</a>."
+"\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";
+"\">Creative Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale "
+"(CCÂ BY-ND 4.0)</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -580,10 +781,12 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Dernière mise à jour :"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "Piètre formulation autour du mot <i>free</i>"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.hr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.hr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/initial-announcement.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.7
+++ po/initial-announcement.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.8
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-06-12 21:44+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Martina Bebek <martinaporec@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: GNU Croatian Translation Team <www-hr-lista@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n"
@@ -23,19 +24,26 @@
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Prvotna objava - Projekt GNU - Zaklada za slobodan softver"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Prvotna objava"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Ovo je izvorna objava Projekta GNU koju je 27. rujna 1983. objavio <a href="
"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -47,16 +55,27 @@
"koncepata <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">slobodnog softvera</a> "
"razjašnjeno je tek nekoliko godina kasnije."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Oslobodimo Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"PoÄevÅ¡i od ovogodiÅ¡njeg Dana zahvalnosti poÄet Äu s pisanjem potpunog "
"softverskog sustava kompatibilnog s Unixom, nazvanog GNU (od izraza “"
@@ -64,7 +83,7 @@
"tko ga želi koristiti. Doprinosi u vremenu, novcu, programima i opremi veoma
"
"su potrebni."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -81,7 +100,7 @@
"uz sustav Unix, i sve drugo Å¡to je korisno, ukljuÄujuÄi <i>on-line</i> i "
"tiskanu dokumentaciju."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -105,11 +124,11 @@
"softver temeljen na MIT-ovom protokolu Chaosnet, daleko nadmoÄnijim od UUCP-"
"a. Mogli bismo imati i nešto kompatibilno s UUCP-om."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Tko sam ja?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -127,11 +146,11 @@
"Usto, implementirao sam i jedan datoteÄni sustav otporan na ruÅ¡enje i dva "
"sustava prozora za Lisp strojeve."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Zašto moram napisati GNU?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -141,7 +160,7 @@
"podijeliti s drugim ljudima kojima se on sviÄa. Ne mogu Äiste savjesti "
"potpisati sporazum o neodavanju tajne ili softverski licenÄni ugovor."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -151,11 +170,11 @@
"odluÄio sam sastaviti dovoljnu koliÄinu slobodnog softvera tako da mogu "
"nastaviti ne koristeÄi ikakav softver koji nije slobodan."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Kako možete doprinijeti"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -163,7 +182,7 @@
"Molim proizvoÄaÄe raÄunala da doniraju strojeve i novac. Molim pojedince
da "
"doniraju programe i pripomognu radom."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -176,7 +195,7 @@
"raditi na njima u ranom stadiju razvoja. Strojevi trebaju moÄi raditi u "
"stambenom prostoru i ne zahtijevati napredne sustave hlaÄenja ili napajanja."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -194,7 +213,7 @@
"kompatibilnoÅ¡Äu s Unixom. Ukoliko svaki prilog radi s ostatkom Unixa, "
"vjerojatno Äe raditi i s ostatkom GNU-a."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -208,69 +227,51 @@
"na omoguÄavanje ljudima da posvete svu svoju energiju radu na GNU-u "
"poÅ¡teÄujuÄi ih potrebe da zaraÄuju za život na drugi naÄin."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Za više informacija, obratite mi se."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanet mail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "Pošta SAD-a:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "LoÅ¡ izbor rijeÄi oko izraza “besplatno”"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Ovdje su rijeÄi odabrane nemarno. Namjera je bila da nitko ne mora platiti "
-"za <b>dozvolu</b> da koristi sustav GNU. MeÄutim, ovim rijeÄima to nije "
-"jasno izreÄeno i ljudi ih Äesto tumaÄe kao tvrdnju da kopije GNU-a treba "
-"uvijek distribuirati uz minimalnu ili nikakvu naknadu, iako to nikada nije "
-"bila namjera."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Izvorna poruka"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -279,10 +280,172 @@
"obliku."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -294,7 +457,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -482,6 +645,39 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Bilješka"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Ovdje su rijeÄi odabrane nemarno. Namjera je bila da nitko ne mora platiti "
+"za <b>dozvolu</b> da koristi sustav GNU. MeÄutim, ovim rijeÄima to nije "
+"jasno izreÄeno i ljudi ih Äesto tumaÄe kao tvrdnju da kopije GNU-a treba "
+"uvijek distribuirati uz minimalnu ili nikakvu naknadu, iako to nikada nije "
+"bila namjera."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -508,14 +704,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Radimo naporno i dajemo sve od sebe da bi pružili toÄne, visoko kvalitetne "
@@ -527,21 +729,36 @@
"prijevode</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ovo djelo je dano na korištenje pod licencom <a rel=\"license\" href="
-"\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.hr\";>Creative "
+"\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.hr\";> Creative "
"Commons Imenovanje-Bez prerada 3.0 SAD</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
@@ -554,10 +771,34 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Zadnji put promijenjeno:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "LoÅ¡ izbor rijeÄi oko izraza “besplatno”"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Radimo naporno i dajemo sve od sebe da bi pružili toÄne, visoko "
+#~ "kvalitetne prijevode. MeÄutim, nismo osloboÄeni od nesavrÅ¡enosti. Molim
"
+#~ "vas Å¡aljite vaÅ¡e komentare i opÄenite prijedloge u tom smislu na <a
href="
+#~ "\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</"
+#~ "p> <p>Za informacije o koordiniranju i slanju prijevoda naših mrežnih "
+#~ "stranica, pogledajte <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">README za prijevode</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ovo djelo je dano na korištenje pod licencom <a rel=\"license\" href="
+#~ "\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.hr\";>Creative "
+#~ "Commons Imenovanje-Bez prerada 3.0 SAD</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.it.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.it.po,v
retrieving revision 1.51
retrieving revision 1.52
diff -u -b -r1.51 -r1.52
--- po/initial-announcement.it.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.51
+++ po/initial-announcement.it.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.52
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-12 16:08+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Andrea Pescetti <pescetti@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Italian\n"
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -21,21 +22,28 @@
msgstr "Annuncio iniziale - Progetto GNU - Free Software Foundation"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Annuncio iniziale"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Questo è l'annuncio ufficiale del progetto GNU, inviato da <a href=\"http://";
"www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> il 27 settembre 1983."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -49,17 +57,28 @@
"libero</a> furono chiariti solo alcuni anni dopo."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Liberiamo Unix!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"A partire dal prossimo Giorno del Ringraziamento (il quarto giovedì di "
"novembre, N.d.T.) inizierò a scrivere un sistema operativo completo "
@@ -69,7 +88,7 @@
"programmi ed attrezzature."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -88,7 +107,7 @@
"<i>on-line</i> e cartacea."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -115,12 +134,12 @@
"UUCP."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Chi sono io"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -138,12 +157,12 @@
"crash e due sistemi a finestre per le macchine Lisp. "
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Perchè devo scrivere GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -154,7 +173,7 @@
"o un contratto di licenza software."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -165,12 +184,12 @@
"liberi in modo di non dover usare alcun software non libero."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Come potete contribuire"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -179,7 +198,7 @@
"persone di donare programmi e lavoro."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -194,7 +213,7 @@
"raffreddamento."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -215,7 +234,7 @@
"resto di GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -231,74 +250,54 @@
"vivere con altri mezzi."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Contattatemi per ulteriori informazioni."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanet mail:"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "US Snail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-# type: Content of: <h4>
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "Scarsa chiarezza nel testo circostante la parola \"libero\""
-
-# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Qui la scelta delle parole è stata disattenta, e spesso sono interpretate "
-"come se le copie di GNU dovessero essere sempre distribuite gratuitamente o "
-"a modico prezzo, ma l'intento non è mai stato questo. Il punto era che "
-"nessuno dovesse pagare per ottenere il <b>permesso</b> di usare il sistema "
-"GNU."
-
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Messaggio originale"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -308,10 +307,172 @@
# type: Content of: <pre>
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -323,7 +484,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -511,6 +672,38 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Nota"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Qui la scelta delle parole è stata disattenta, e spesso sono interpretate "
+"come se le copie di GNU dovessero essere sempre distribuite gratuitamente o "
+"a modico prezzo, ma l'intento non è mai stato questo. Il punto era che "
+"nessuno dovesse pagare per ottenere il <b>permesso</b> di usare il sistema "
+"GNU."
+
# type: Content of: <div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -538,14 +731,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Le traduzioni italiane sono effettuate ponendo la massima attenzione ai "
@@ -560,9 +753,14 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
@@ -570,13 +768,13 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Questa pagina è distribuita secondo i termini della licenza <a rel=\"license"
-"\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.it";
-"\">Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non opere derivate 3.0 Stati Uniti</a> "
-"(CC BY-ND 3.0)."
+"\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.it\";>Creative "
+"Commons Attribuzione - Non opere derivate 4.0 Internazionale</a> (CC BY-ND "
+"4.0)."
# type: Content of: <div><div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
@@ -591,11 +789,14 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ultimo aggiornamento:"
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "Scarsa chiarezza nel testo circostante la parola \"libero\""
+
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- po/initial-announcement.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.10
+++ po/initial-announcement.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.11
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-28 15:40+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese <web-translators-ja@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,24 +14,29 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "æåã®å£°æ - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "æåã®å£°æ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"ããã¯ãGNUããã¸ã§ã¯ãã®ãªãªã¸ãã«ã®å£°æã§ãã<a
href=\"http://www.stallman.";
"org/\">ãªãã£ã¼ãã»ã¹ãã¼ã«ãã³</a>ã«ãã£ã¦1983å¹´9æ27æ¥ã«æ稿ããã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -43,23 +48,29 @@
"\">èªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢</a>ã®ããã¤ãã®ç念ã®èãã¯ãæ°å¹´å¾ã¾ã§æ確åããã¾ããã§"
"ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Unixãèªç±ã«!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"ä»å¹´ã®æè¬ç¥ããããããã¯å®å
¨ã«Unixäºæã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã·ã¹ãã ãGNU(Gnu's "
"Not Unix,
ãã°ãã¼ã¯Unixã§ã¯ãªããã®ç¥)ãæ¸ãå§ããããã使ããå
¨å¡ã«ããªã¼ã§"
"<a
href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>渡ããã¨èãã¦ãã¾ããæéããéãããã°ã©ã
ãããã¦è£
"
"ç½®ã®è²¢ç®ãã¨ã¦ãå¿
è¦ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -76,7 +87,7 @@
"ãã®ã¨ããªã³ã©ã¤ã³ã¨ãã¼ãã³ãã¼ã®ææ¸ãå«ããæç¨ãªãã®ã¯ãªãã§ããæä¾ãã"
"ãã¨èãã¦ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -100,11 +111,11 @@
"ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãUUCPãããã¨ã¦ãç´
æ´ããããã®ããæããã§ããããUUCPã¨äºæã®"
"ãã®ãæããããããã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "ãããã¯ä½è
?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -121,11 +132,11 @@
"ã¦ããããã¯ãèã¯ã©ãã·ã¥ãã¡ã¤ã«ã·ã¹ãã
ä¸ã¤ã¨ãLisp Machineã®äºã¤ã®ã¦ã£ã³"
"ãã¦ã·ã¹ãã ãå®è£
ãããã¨ãããã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ãªãGNUãæ¸ããã°ãªããªãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -135,7 +146,7 @@
"ã¨å
±æããªããã°ãªããªãã¨è¦è«ãããã¨ãããã¯èãã¾ãããããã¯è¯å¿ãããé"
"é示å¥ç´ãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã»ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹åææ¸ã«ãµã¤ã³ã§ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -145,11 +156,11 @@
"ã¯ãååãªèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã²ã¨ããããã¾ã¨ãããã¨æ±ºæãã¾ããããããã¦ã"
"ã©ããªèªç±ã§ãªãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãªãã§ããã£ã¦ãããããã«ãã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "ã©ã®ããã«è²¢ç®ã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -157,7 +168,7 @@
"ãããã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã®è£½é æ¥è
ã«ãã·ã³ã¨ãéã®å¯ä»ãæ±ãã¦ãã¾ããå人ã«ã¯"
"ããã°ã©ã ã¨ä½æ¥ã®å¯ä»ãæ±ãã¦ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -170,7 +181,7 @@
"ã¯ãGNUã¯æ©ãææã«ãã®ãã·ã³ã§åãã
ãããã¨ãããã®ã§ãããã·ã³ã¯å±
ä½å°åã§"
"稼åããç¹å¥ãªç©ºèª¿ãé»åè¨åãå¿
è¦ã¨ããªãæ¹ã好ã¾ããã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -187,7 +198,7 @@
"ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ããã®åé¡ã¯ããã¾ãããããããã®è²¢ç®ãUnixã®ã»ãã®é¨åã¨åãã®ã§"
"ããã°ãããããGNUã®ã»ãã®é¨åã¨ããããåãã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -201,69 +212,51 @@
"ã®ãã¹ã¦ã®ã¨ãã«ã®ã¼ãGNUã®ä½æ¥ã«åãããã¨ãå¯è½ã«ããæ¹æ³ãã¨èãã¦ãã¾ãã"
"å¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§çè¨ãç«ã¦ãå¿
è¦ããå
ãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "詳細ã®æ
å ±ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãé£çµ¡ãã¦ãã ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanetã¡ã¼ã«:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "åè¡å½ã®éµä¾¿:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "ãªãã£ã¼ãã»ã¹ãã¼ã«ãã³"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "ããã¹ãã¯ãè¡"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "ã±ã³ããªãã¸ãããµãã¥ã¼ã»ããå· 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "ãããªã¼ãã«é¢ããè¨èé£ãã®ä¸æãªé¸æ"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"ããã§ã®è¨èé£ãã¯æ³¨ææ·±ããã®ã§ã¯ããã¾ããã§ããããã®æå³ã¯ã誰ããããGNU"
-"ã·ã¹ãã ã使ã<b>許å¯</b>ã®ããã«æ¯æãå¿
è¦ããªããã¨ãããã¨ã§ããããããã"
-"ãã®è¨èã¯ããã«é¢ãã¦æ確ã§ã¯ãªãã人ã
ã¯å¤ãã®å
´åããããGNUã®ã³ãã¼ã¯ã常"
-"ã«ãã»ã¨ãã©æéãåããªããç¡åã§é
å¸ããã¹ãã¨è¨ã£ã¦ãããã¨è§£éãã¾ããã"
-"ããã¯æ±ºãã¦ãã®æå³ã§ã¯ããã¾ããã§ããã"
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "ãªãªã¸ãã«ã®ã¡ãã»ã¼ã¸"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -271,10 +264,109 @@
"å®å
¨ãæãããããªãªã¸ãã«ã®é»åã¡ã¼ã«ããªãªã¸ãã«ã®å½¢ã§ãããã«åæ²ãã¾ãã"
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -286,7 +378,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -474,6 +566,33 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "è注"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"ããã§ã®è¨èé£ãã¯æ³¨ææ·±ããã®ã§ã¯ããã¾ããã§ããããã®æå³ã¯ã誰ããããGNU"
+"ã·ã¹ãã ã使ã<b>許å¯</b>ã®ããã«æ¯æãå¿
è¦ããªããã¨ãããã¨ã§ããããããã"
+"ãã®è¨èã¯ããã«é¢ãã¦æ確ã§ã¯ãªãã人ã
ã¯å¤ãã®å
´åããããGNUã®ã³ãã¼ã¯ã常"
+"ã«ãã»ã¨ãã©æéãåããªããç¡åã§é
å¸ããã¹ãã¨è¨ã£ã¦ãããã¨è§£éãã¾ããã"
+"ããã¯æ±ºãã¦ãã®æå³ã§ã¯ããã¾ããã§ããã"
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -499,26 +618,29 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"æ£ç¢ºã§è¯ãå質ã®ç¿»è¨³ãæä¾ããããåªåãã¦ãã¾ãããä¸å®å
¨ãªå ´åããããã¨æ"
"ãã¾ãã翻訳ã«é¢ããã³ã¡ã³ãã¨ææ¡ã¯ã<a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
"org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã«ãããããã¾ãã</p><p>ããããã¡"
-"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨æåºã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
+"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨è²¢ç®ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
"README.translations.html\">翻訳 README</a>ãã覧ãã ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
@@ -526,12 +648,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"ãã®ãã¼ã¸ã¯<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
-"nd/3.0/us/deed.ja\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States "
-"License</a>ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§è¨±è«¾ããã¾ãã"
+"nd/4.0/deed.ja\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 "
+"International License</a>ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§è¨±è«¾ããã¾ãã"
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -543,10 +665,12 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æçµæ´æ°:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "ãããªã¼ãã«é¢ããè¨èé£ãã®ä¸æãªé¸æ"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.nl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.nl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/initial-announcement.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.11
+++ po/initial-announcement.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.12
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Tom Uijldert <tom.uijldert@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Dutch\n"
@@ -15,24 +15,32 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Over het GNU Project - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Eerste Aankondiging"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Dit is de originele aankondiging van het GNU project, geschreven door <a "
"href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> op 27 September 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -44,16 +52,27 @@
"diverse details van <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">vrije software</a> "
"werden jaren later pas geformuleerd."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Bevrijd Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"Vanaf eind November ga ik me toeleggen op het schrijven van een compleet "
"besturingssysteem, uitwisselbaar met Unix, met de naam GNU (voor Gnu's Not "
@@ -61,7 +80,7 @@
"aan iedereen die het gebruiken kan. Een bijdrage in de kosten, of in de vorm "
"van hulp, programma's of systemen is hierbij nodig."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -78,7 +97,7 @@
"leveren die je normaal gesproken op een Unix systeem kunt verwachten en nog "
"meer bruikbaars zoals online- en papieren handleidingen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -105,11 +124,11 @@
"opzichte van UUCP. We zullen misschien zelfs wel iets hebben wat "
"uitwisselbaar is met UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Wie Ben Ik?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -127,11 +146,11 @@
"bestandssysteem ontwikkeld wat kapotte schijven overleeft en twee window "
"systemen voor Lisp machines."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Waarom Ik GNU Moet Maken"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -142,7 +161,7 @@
"mijn geweten overeenstemmen om een geheimhoudingsverklaring te ondertekenen "
"of een software licentie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -153,11 +172,11 @@
"dat ik verder met computers kan werken zonder daarbij niet-vrije software te "
"hoeven gebruiken."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Hoe Jij Bij Kunt Dragen"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -166,7 +185,7 @@
"vraag aan individuen bijdragen in de vorm van programma's of programmeer-"
"inspanning."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -179,7 +198,7 @@
"systeem hier het eerst op zal draaien. De machine moet wel in een normale "
"woonwijk kunnen functioneren en geen aparte koeling of voeding nodig hebben."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -198,7 +217,7 @@
"met Unix. Wanneer iedere bijdrage met Unix kan werken, zal het ook wel met "
"GNU werken."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -213,69 +232,51 @@
"volledig op de GNU-taak te concentreren zonder dat ze zich zorgen hoeven "
"maken over brood op de plank."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Neem contact met mij op voor meer informatie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanet mail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "US Snail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "Ongelukkige woordkeus"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Hier was sprake van een ongelukkige woordkeus. De bedoeling was dat niemand "
-"hoefde te betalen voor <b>toestemming</b> om het GNU systeem te gebruiken. "
-"Maar deze woorden dekten de lading niet en velen interpreteerden het dat je "
-"voor de distributie van kopieën van GNU weinig of niets mocht "
-"berekenen. Dat is nooit de bedoeling geweest."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Originele bericht"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -284,10 +285,172 @@
"getoond."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -299,7 +462,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -487,6 +650,39 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Voetnoot"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Hier was sprake van een ongelukkige woordkeus. De bedoeling was dat niemand "
+"hoefde te betalen voor <b>toestemming</b> om het GNU systeem te gebruiken. "
+"Maar deze woorden dekten de lading niet en velen interpreteerden het dat je "
+"voor de distributie van kopieën van GNU weinig of niets mocht "
+"berekenen. Dat is nooit de bedoeling geweest."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -513,14 +709,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"We doen ons best om goede vertalingen te maken maar staan altijd open voor "
@@ -530,22 +732,37 @@
"voor informatie over het onderhoud van vertalingen op deze website."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
-"Deze pagina is uitgebracht onder de <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.nl\">Creative Commons "
-"Naamsvermelding-GeenAfgeleideWerken 3.0 Verenigde Staten licentie</a>."
+"Deze pagina valt onder de <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.";
+"org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.nl\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs "
+"3.0 United States Licentie</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -557,10 +774,33 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Bijgewerkt:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "Ongelukkige woordkeus"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "We doen ons best om goede vertalingen te maken maar staan altijd open "
+#~ "voor verbeteringen. Suggesties, op- en aanmerkingen sturen aan: <a href="
+#~ "\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</"
+#~ "p> <p>Zie <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\"> "
+#~ "Translations README</a> voor informatie over het onderhoud van "
+#~ "vertalingen op deze website."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Deze pagina is uitgebracht onder de <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.nl\">Creative Commons "
+#~ "Naamsvermelding-GeenAfgeleideWerken 3.0 Verenigde Staten licentie</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.pl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.pl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.22
retrieving revision 1.23
diff -u -b -r1.22 -r1.23
--- po/initial-announcement.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.22
+++ po/initial-announcement.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.23
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-16 21:01-0600\n"
"Last-Translator: Jan Owoc <jsowoc AT gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Polish <www-pl-trans@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 "
"|| n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.0\n"
@@ -24,19 +25,26 @@
msgstr ""
"Pierwsze ogÅoszenie - Projekt GNU - Fundacja Wolnego Oprogramowania (FSF)"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Pierwsze ogÅoszenie"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Oto oryginalne ogÅoszenie rozpoczÄcia Projektu GNU, napisane przez <a href="
"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richarda Stallmana</a> 27 wrzeÅnia, 1983 roku."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -49,17 +57,28 @@
"sw.html\">wolnego oprogramowania</a> nie byÅo jeszcze wyjaÅnionych."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Wolny Unix!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"ZaczynajÄ
c w ÅwiÄto DziÄkczynienia zamierzam napisaÄ peÅny zgodny "
"z Uniksem system oprogramowania nazwany GNU (od GNU to Nie "
@@ -69,7 +88,7 @@
"sprzÄtu."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -88,7 +107,7 @@
"dokumentacjÄ
on-line i drukowanÄ
."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -115,12 +134,12 @@
"UUCP. Możemy mieÄ też coÅ zgodnego z UUCP."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Kim jestem?"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -139,12 +158,12 @@
"systemy okienkowe dla maszyn Lisp."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Dlaczego muszÄ napisaÄ GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -156,7 +175,7 @@
"nieujawnianiu czy umowy licencyjnej oprogramowania."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -168,12 +187,12 @@
"nie sÄ
wolne."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Jak możecie wnieÅÄ swój wkÅad"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -182,7 +201,7 @@
"ProszÄ osoby prywatne o ofiarowanie programów i pracy."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -198,7 +217,7 @@
"czy zasilania."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -219,7 +238,7 @@
"prawdopodobnie bÄdzie dziaÅaÅ i z resztÄ
GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -235,74 +254,54 @@
"musieli utrzymywaÄ siÄ w inny sposób."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Po dalsze informacje kontaktujcie siÄ ze mnÄ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Mail Arpanet:"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "ZwykÅÄ
pocztÄ
:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-# type: Content of: <h4>
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "NiezrÄczne rozumowanie sÅowa „free”"
-
-# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"To sformuÅowanie jest niedokÅadne. IntencjÄ
byÅo to, by nikt
nie musiaÅ "
-"pÅaciÄ za <b>pozwolenie</b> używania systemu GNU. Ale nie "
-"wynikaÅo to z tych sÅów, wiÄc ludzie zazwyczaj interpretowali
to "
-"tak, jakoby GNU miaÅoby byÄ rozprowadzane z maÅÄ
lub bez
żadnej "
-"opÅaty. To nigdy nie byÅo jego zamiarem."
-
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Oryginalna wiadomoÅÄ"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -312,10 +311,172 @@
# type: Content of: <div><pre>
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -327,7 +488,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -513,6 +674,40 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Przypis"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"To sformuÅowanie jest niedokÅadne. IntencjÄ
byÅo to, by nikt
nie musiaÅ "
+"pÅaciÄ za <b>pozwolenie</b> używania systemu GNU. Ale nie "
+"wynikaÅo to z tych sÅów, wiÄc ludzie zazwyczaj interpretowali
to "
+"tak, jakoby GNU miaÅoby byÄ rozprowadzane z maÅÄ
lub bez
żadnej "
+"opÅaty. To nigdy nie byÅo jego zamiarem."
+
# type: Content of: <div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -541,14 +736,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Staramy siÄ, aby tÅumaczenia byÅy wierne i wysokiej jakoÅci, "
@@ -561,9 +762,14 @@
"tÅumaczeÅ</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
@@ -571,12 +777,13 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ta strona jest dostÄpna na <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">licencji Creative Commons "
-"Uznanie autorstwa-Bez utworów zależnych 3.0 Stany Zjednoczone</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.pl\">licencji Creative Commons "
+"Uznanie autorstwa – Bez utworów zależnych 4.0 "
+"MiÄdzynarodowe</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -590,10 +797,13 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Aktualizowane:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "NiezrÄczne rozumowanie sÅowa „free”"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.20
retrieving revision 1.21
diff -u -b -r1.20 -r1.21
--- po/initial-announcement.pot 5 Apr 2014 00:39:34 -0000 1.20
+++ po/initial-announcement.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.21
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# LANGUAGE translation of http://www.gnu.org/gnu/initial-announcement.html
+# LANGUAGE translation of https://www.gnu.org/gnu/initial-announcement.html
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
@@ -7,30 +7,31 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
-"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a "
-"href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, "
+"href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, "
"1983."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -38,19 +39,20 @@
"software</a> were not clarified until a few years later."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away "
+"free <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use "
+"it. Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly "
+"needed."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@
"anything else useful, including on-line and hardcopy documentation."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -74,11 +76,11 @@
"compatible with UUCP."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -88,35 +90,35 @@
"one crashproof file system and two window systems for Lisp machines."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
"nondisclosure agreement or a software license agreement."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
"will be able to get along without any software that is not free."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@
"power."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -136,7 +138,7 @@
"will probably work with the rest of GNU."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -145,74 +147,61 @@
"sparing them the need to make a living in another way."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
msgstr ""
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
+#
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From "
"CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
@@ -225,7 +214,8 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use "
+"it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -315,6 +305,19 @@
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -339,7 +342,7 @@
#
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
#
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
@@ -347,20 +350,19 @@
msgid ""
"Please see the <a "
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
-"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+"for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this "
+"article."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation,
Inc."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" "
-"href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative Commons "
-"Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative Commons "
+"Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
Index: po/initial-announcement.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.18
retrieving revision 1.19
diff -u -b -r1.18 -r1.19
--- po/initial-announcement.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.18
+++ po/initial-announcement.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.19
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial announcement.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: www-pt-br-general@gnu.org\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-05-20 16:20-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -18,25 +18,30 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bits\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Anúncio Inicial - Projeto GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Anúncio Inicial"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Este é o anúncio original do Projeto GNU, postado por <a href=\"http://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> em 27 de Setembro de 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -48,16 +53,22 @@
"filosóficos de <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">software livre</a> não "
"foram clarificados até alguns anos depois."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Unix Livre!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"A partir do próximo Dia de Ação de Graças, vou escrever um software
completo "
"compatÃvel com Unix chamado GNU (sigla para Gnu Não é Unix), e o "
@@ -65,7 +76,7 @@
"usá-lo. Contribuições em termos de tempo, dinheiro, programas e
equipamentos "
"são muito bem-vindas."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -82,7 +93,7 @@
"que normalmente vem com um sistema Unix, e tudo o mais que seja útil, "
"incluindo documentação on-line e impressa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -107,11 +118,11 @@
"controle de rede baseado no protocolo chaosnet do MIT, muito superior ao "
"UUCP. Nós também podemos ter alguma compatibilidade com UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Quem sou eu?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -129,11 +140,11 @@
"sistema de arquivos à prova de quebra e dois sistemas com janelas para "
"máquinas Lisp."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Por Que eu Tenho que Escrever o GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -144,7 +155,7 @@
"em boa consciência, assinar um acordo de não quebra ou um acordo de
licença "
"de software."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -155,11 +166,11 @@
"modo que eu esteja apto a passar sem o uso de qualquer software que não seja
"
"livre."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Como você pode contribuir"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -167,7 +178,7 @@
"Eu estou solicitando a fabricantes de computadores doações de máquinas e "
"dinheiro. Eu estou solicitando a indivÃduos que doem programas e trabalho."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -180,7 +191,7 @@
"irá rodar nelas assim que possÃvel. à melhor que a máquina possa operar
numa "
"área residencial, e que não requeira energia ou resfriamento sofisticado."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -198,7 +209,7 @@
"existe. Se cada contribuição funcionar com o resto do Unix, ela "
"provavelmente funcionará com o restante do GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -213,69 +224,51 @@
"dedicadas devotar todas suas energias trabalhando no GNU, poupando-as da "
"necessidade de ganhar a vida de outro modo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Para mais informação, contate-me."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "correio Arpanet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMZ@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "Us Snail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "Escolha infeliz de redação em “free”"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"A redação aqui foi descuidada. A intenção era que ninguém tivesse que
pagar "
-"pela <b>permissão</b> para usar o sistema GNU. Porém, na redação isso
não "
-"ficou claro, e as pessoas frequentemente interpretam como dizendo que cópias
"
-"do GNU sempre devem ser distribuÃdas a um custo pequeno ou a custo "
-"inexistente. Essa nunca foi a intenção."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Mensagem original"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -284,10 +277,109 @@
"original."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -299,7 +391,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -487,6 +579,34 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+# TODO: needs reviewing.
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Nota de rodapé"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"A redação aqui foi descuidada. A intenção era que ninguém tivesse que
pagar "
+"pela <b>permissão</b> para usar o sistema GNU. Porém, na redação isso
não "
+"ficou claro, e as pessoas frequentemente interpretam como dizendo que cópias
"
+"do GNU sempre devem ser distribuÃdas a um custo pequeno ou a custo "
+"inexistente. Essa nunca foi a intenção."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -513,14 +633,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"A equipe de traduções para o português brasileiro se esforça para
oferecer "
@@ -528,13 +648,16 @@
"favor, envie seus comentários e sugestões em geral sobre as traduções
para "
"<a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
"a>. </p><p>Consulte o <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e o "
-"envio de traduções das páginas deste site."
+"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e a "
+"contribuição com traduções das páginas deste site."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
@@ -542,12 +665,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Esta página está licenciada sob uma licença <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.pt_BR\">Creative Commons "
-"Atribuição-SemDerivações 3.0 Estados Unidos</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.pt_BR\">Creative Commons "
+"Atribuição-SemDerivações 4.0 Internacional</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -559,10 +682,12 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima atualização:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "Escolha infeliz de redação em “free”"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.27
retrieving revision 1.28
diff -u -b -r1.27 -r1.28
--- po/initial-announcement.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.27
+++ po/initial-announcement.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.28
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-12-09 17:17+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8-bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -22,19 +23,26 @@
"ÐеÑвонаÑалÑное обÑÑвление - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU -
Фонд Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного "
"обеÑпеÑениÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "ÐеÑвонаÑалÑное обÑÑвление"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> on September
+# | 27, 1983.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑалÑное обÑÑвление о пÑоекÑе GNU,
опÑбликованное <a href=\"http://";
"www.stallman.org/\">РиÑаÑдом СÑолменом</a> 27
ÑенÑÑбÑÑ 1983 года."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -46,16 +54,27 @@
"ÐекоÑоÑÑе ÑилоÑоÑÑкие аÑпекÑÑ <a
href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">ÑвободнÑÑ
"
"пÑогÑамм</a> пÑоÑÑнилиÑÑ ÑолÑко ÑеÑез
неÑколÑко леÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Ð¡Ð²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"ÐаÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñ Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¶Ð°Ð¹Ñего ÐÐ½Ñ Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑениÑ<a
href=\"#ft1\">[1]</a>, \n"
"Ñ ÑобиÑаÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÑ ÑовмеÑÑимÑÑ Ñ
Unix пÑогÑаммнÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ \n"
@@ -66,7 +85,7 @@
"ÐÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ñжна помоÑÑ Ð² виде ÑабоÑего
вÑемени, денег, \n"
"пÑогÑамм и обоÑÑдованиÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -84,7 +103,7 @@
"поÑÑавлÑеÑÑÑ Ñ ÑиÑÑемой ÑемейÑÑва Unix, и
вÑÑ Ð¿ÑоÑее полезное, вклÑÑÐ°Ñ "
"докÑменÑаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² ÑлекÑÑонном виде и на
бÑмаге."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -113,11 +132,11 @@
"пÑевоÑÑ
одÑÑего пÑоÑокол UUCP. ÐÐ¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ, Ñ
Ð½Ð°Ñ \n"
"бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ñакже ÑÑо-нибÑÐ´Ñ ÑовмеÑÑимое Ñ UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "ÐÑо Ñ Ñакой?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -137,11 +156,11 @@
"Ñеализовал ÑÑÑойÑивÑÑ Ðº ÑбоÑм ÑайловÑÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸ \n"
"две оконнÑÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ñин ÐиÑп."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶ÐµÐ½ пиÑаÑÑ GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -153,7 +172,7 @@
"без ÑÑÑда подпиÑаÑÑ \n"
"лиÑензионное ÑоглаÑение пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸
Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¾ неÑазглаÑении."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -165,11 +184,11 @@
"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ обойÑиÑÑ \n"
"без лÑбой неÑвободной пÑогÑаммÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Чем Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе помоÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -178,7 +197,7 @@
"маÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð¸ денÑги. Я пÑизÑÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑаÑÑнÑÑ
Ð»Ð¸Ñ \n"
"пÑиноÑиÑÑ Ð² Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÑд."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -195,7 +214,7 @@
"в жилÑÑ
помеÑениÑÑ
и не ÑÑебовала Ñ
иÑÑоÑмного \n"
"оÑ
Ð»Ð°Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ пиÑаниÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -216,7 +235,7 @@
"Ñ Unix. ÐÑли каждÑй вклад бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ñ
оÑÑалÑной Unix, он, веÑоÑÑно, "
"заÑабоÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ñ Ð¾ÑÑалÑной GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -234,71 +253,51 @@
"ÑабоÑе над GNU, избавив иÑ
Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÑждÑ
заÑабаÑÑваÑÑ \n"
"на Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ Ð´ÑÑгим ÑпоÑобом."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Ðа более подÑобнÑми ÑведениÑми
обÑаÑайÑеÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ мне."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "ÐдÑÐµÑ Arpanet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "ÐдÑÐµÑ Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "ÐоÑÑовÑй адÑÐµÑ Ð² СШÐ:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "ÐлоÑ
ой вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ ÑоÑмÑлиÑовки понÑÑиÑ
“ÑвободнÑй”"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"ÐдеÑÑ ÑоÑмÑлиÑовка бÑла небÑежной.
ÐодÑазÑмевалоÑÑ, ÑÑо никÑо не бÑÐ´ÐµÑ "
-"должен плаÑиÑÑ \n"
-"за <strong>ÑазÑеÑение</strong> полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ
ÑиÑÑемой GNU. \n"
-"Ðо Ñлова не ÑазÑÑÑнÑли ÑÑо, и лÑди ÑаÑÑо
понимаÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
как \n"
-"ÑÑвеÑждение, ÑÑо копии GNU Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð²Ñегда \n"
-"ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð° неболÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸
беÑплаÑно. \n"
-"ÐÑо никогда не подÑазÑмевалоÑÑ."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "ÐÑигинал ÑообÑениÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -307,10 +306,172 @@
"воÑпÑоизводиÑÑÑ Ð·Ð´ÐµÑÑ Ð² оÑигинале."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -322,7 +483,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -510,6 +671,42 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "ÐÑимеÑание"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-The-]{+<em>The+} wording here was [-careless.-] {+careless.</em>+} The
+# | intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use
+# | the GNU system. But the words don't make this clear, and people often
+# | interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed
+# | at little or no charge. That was never the intent.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐдеÑÑ ÑоÑмÑлиÑовка бÑла небÑежной.
ÐодÑазÑмевалоÑÑ, ÑÑо никÑо не бÑÐ´ÐµÑ "
+"должен плаÑиÑÑ \n"
+"за <strong>ÑазÑеÑение</strong> полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ
ÑиÑÑемой GNU. \n"
+"Ðо Ñлова не ÑазÑÑÑнÑли ÑÑо, и лÑди ÑаÑÑо
понимаÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
как \n"
+"ÑÑвеÑждение, ÑÑо копии GNU Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð²Ñегда \n"
+"ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð° неболÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸
беÑплаÑно. \n"
+"ÐÑо никогда не подÑазÑмевалоÑÑ."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -539,14 +736,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
@@ -557,23 +760,34 @@
"translations.html\">“Ð ÑководÑÑве по
пеÑеводам”</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free "
"Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑо пÑоизведение доÑÑÑпно по <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ru\">лиÑензии Creative
"
-"Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>ÐÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ñ — Ðез
пÑоизводнÑÑ
"
-"пÑоизведений</em>) 3.0 СШÐ</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.ru\">лиÑензии Creative
Commons "
+"Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>ÐÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ñ — Ðез
пÑоизводнÑÑ
"
+"пÑоизведений</em>) 4.0 ÐÑемиÑнаÑ</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -589,10 +803,12 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "ÐлоÑ
ой вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ ÑоÑмÑлиÑовки понÑÑиÑ
“ÑвободнÑй”"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 "
+#~ "Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.sq.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.sq.po,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- po/initial-announcement.sq.po 25 Jul 2020 14:01:00 -0000 1.37
+++ po/initial-announcement.sq.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.38
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-07-25 16:41+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Besnik Bleta <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Shqip <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.3.1\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -22,21 +23,25 @@
msgstr "Njoftimi Fillestar - Projekti GNU - Free Software Foundation"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Njoftimi Fillestar"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Ky është njoftimi origjinal mbi Projektin GNU, postuar nga <a
href=\"http://";
"www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> më 27 shtator, 1983."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -49,17 +54,23 @@
"\">software-it të lirë</a> nuk qenë të qartësuara deri para pak vitesh."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Free Unix!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"Duke nisur nga kjo Ditë e Falënderimeve do të filloj të shkruaj një
sistem "
"të plotë <em>software</em>-i, të përputhshëm me Unix-in, të quajtur GNU
"
@@ -68,7 +79,7 @@
"nevojiten shumë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -86,7 +97,7 @@
"dobishme, përfshi dokumentim on-line dhe në shtypshkrim."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -112,12 +123,12 @@
"Ndoshta do të kemi diçka të përputhshme me UUCP-në."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Kush Jam?"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -135,12 +146,12 @@
"për makina Lisp."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Pse Duhet Ta Shkruaj GNU-në"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -152,7 +163,7 @@
"<em>software</em>-i. "
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -163,12 +174,12 @@
"jem në gjendje të vazhdoj pa ndonjë <em>software</em> që nuk është i
lirë."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Si Mund të Kontribuoni"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -177,7 +188,7 @@
"individëve dhurime programesh dhe pune."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -192,7 +203,7 @@
"dhe të mos ketë nevojë për ftohje ose ushqim të sofistikuar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -213,7 +224,7 @@
"pjesën tjetër të GNU-së."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -229,74 +240,54 @@
"GNU-në, duke i çliruar nga nevoja të fitojnë jetesën në një rrugë
tjetër."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Për më tepër të dhëna, lidhuni me mua."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Postë Arpanet:"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "Postë e Zakonshme në ShBA:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-# type: Content of: <h4>
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "Zgjedhje e dobët fjalësh përqark “i lirë”"
-
-# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Përdorimi i fjalëve këtu qe i pakujdesshëm. Dëshira qe që askujt nuk do
tâi "
-"duhej të paguante për <b>leje</b> përdorimi të sistemit GNU. Por fjalët
nuk "
-"e bëjnë të qartë këtë, dhe njerëzit shpesh i interpretojnë ato si të
thoshin "
-"që kopjet e GNU-së do të duhej të shpërndaheshin përherë kundrejt pak
ose "
-"aspak shpërblimi. Ky kurrë nuk qe synimi."
-
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Mesazhi origjinal"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -306,10 +297,109 @@
# type: Content of: <div><pre>
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -321,7 +411,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -511,6 +601,34 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Poshtëshënim"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Përdorimi i fjalëve këtu qe i pakujdesshëm. Dëshira qe që askujt nuk do
tâi "
+"duhej të paguante për <b>leje</b> përdorimi të sistemit GNU. Por fjalët
nuk "
+"e bëjnë të qartë këtë, dhe njerëzit shpesh i interpretojnë ato si të
thoshin "
+"që kopjet e GNU-së do të duhej të shpërndaheshin përherë kundrejt pak
ose "
+"aspak shpërblimi. Ky kurrë nuk qe synimi."
+
# type: Content of: <div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -532,6 +650,7 @@
"të dërgohen te <a href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu."
"org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -539,14 +658,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Përpiqemi fort dhe bëjmë sa mundemi për të ofruar përkthime me cilësi
të "
@@ -559,18 +683,26 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Të drejta kopjimi © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013,2014 Free "
"Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Kjo faqe mund të përdoret sipas një licence <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -586,3 +718,7 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "U përditësua më:"
+
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "Zgjedhje e dobët fjalësh përqark “i lirë”"
Index: po/initial-announcement.sv.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.sv.po,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/initial-announcement.sv.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:57 -0000 1.2
+++ po/initial-announcement.sv.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:52 -0000 1.3
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-03-15 16:41+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -21,23 +21,32 @@
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Initial Announcement"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, [-written-]
+# | {+posted+} by <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> [-in-] {+on September 27,+} 1983.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, written by <a href="
#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> in 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Detta är det ursprungliga tillkännagivandet av GNU-projektet, författat av
"
"<a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> 1983."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The {+actual+} history of the GNU Project [-is-] {+differs+} in many ways
+# | [-different-] from this initial plan. For example, the beginning was
+# | delayed until [-January, 1984 and several-] {+January 1984. Several+} of
+# | the [-details about-] {+philosophical concepts of+} <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">free software</a> [-had-] {+were+} not
+# | [-yet been clarified.-] {+clarified until a few years later.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The history of the GNU Project is in many ways different from this "
@@ -55,23 +64,34 @@
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">fri mjukvara</a> hade ännu inte blivit "
"klargjorda."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Befria Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible
+# | software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away [-free<a
+# | href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time,
+# | money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"Med start denna tacksägelsehelg kommer jag skriva ett komplett "
"Unixkompatibelt system kallat GNU (kort för Gnu är Inte Unix), och ge bort "
"det fritt <a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> till alla som kan använda det. Det finns "
"ett stort behov av bidrag med tid, pengar, program och utrustning."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -88,7 +108,7 @@
"som vanligtvis kommer med ett Unixsystem, och allt annat användbart, "
"inklusive dokumentation både i datorn och i bokform."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -112,11 +132,11 @@
"baserad på MITs chaosnetprotokoll, vilket är mycket bättre än UUCP. Vi
kan "
"också ha något kompatibelt med UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Vem är jag?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -133,11 +153,11 @@
"skärmstöd i ITS. Dessutom har jag implementerat ett kraschsäkert
filsystem "
"och två fönstersystem för Lispmaskiner."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Varför jag måste skriva GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -148,7 +168,7 @@
"inte med gott samvete skriva under ett sekretessavtal eller ett kontrakt om "
"mjukvarulicens."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -159,11 +179,11 @@
"samling av fri mjukvara så att jag ska kunna klara mig utan någon mjukvara "
"som inte är fri."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Hur du kan bidra"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -171,7 +191,7 @@
"Jag ber datortillverkare om donationer av maskiner och pengar. Jag ber "
"individer om donationer av program och arbete."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -185,7 +205,7 @@
"måste kunna operera i ett bostadaområde och inte behöva sofistikerad
kylning "
"och elförsörjning."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -204,7 +224,7 @@
"bidrag fungerar med resten av Unix kommer det förmodligen fungera med resten
"
"av GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -219,70 +239,51 @@
"människor att spendera all sin energi på att arbeta på GNU genom att
bespara "
"dem från deras behov av att tjäna sin uppehälle på något annat sätt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "För mer information, kontakta mig."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanetmail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "Amerikansk post:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "This remark shows that Richard had not yet clarified the distinction "
-#| "between \"free speech\" and \"free beer\". "
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Denna kommentar visar att Richard inte ännu hade klargjort skillnaden mellan
"
-"âfritt talâ och âgratis ölâ."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Original message"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -291,10 +292,172 @@
"form."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+# | [-\\nFrom-]{+From+}
+# |
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\\nFrom:
+# | RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\\nNewsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\\nSubject:
+# | new Unix implementation\\nDate: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59
+# | EST\\nOrganization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\\n\\nFree
+# | Unix!\\n\\nStarting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a
+# | complete\\nUnix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not
+# | Unix), and\\ngive it away [-free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-] {+free <a
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>+} to everyone who can use it.\\nContributions of
+# | time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\\nneeded.\\n\\nTo begin
+# | with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\\nwrite and
+# | run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\\nassembler, and a few
+# | other things. After this we will add a text\\nformatter, a YACC, an
+# | Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\\nother things. We hope to
+# | supply, eventually, everything useful that\\nnormally comes with a Unix
+# | system, and anything else useful, including\\non-line and hardcopy
+# | documentation.\\n\\nGNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be
+# | identical\\nto Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient,
+# | based\\non our experience with other operating systems. In
+# | particular,\\nwe plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a
+# | crashproof\\nfile system, filename completion perhaps,
+# | terminal-independent\\ndisplay support, and eventually a Lisp-based window
+# | system through\\nwhich several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs
+# | can share a screen.\\nBoth C and Lisp will be available as system
+# | programming languages.\\nWe will have network software based on MIT's
+# | chaosnet protocol,\\nfar superior to UUCP. We may also have something
+# | compatible\\nwith UUCP.\\n\\n\\nWho Am I?\\n\\nI am Richard Stallman,
+# | inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\\neditor, now at the
+# | Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\\nextensively on
+# | compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\\nIncompatible
+# | Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\\nI pioneered
+# | terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\\nhave
+# | implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\\nLisp
+# | machines.\\n\\n\\nWhy I Must Write GNU\\n\\nI consider that the golden
+# | rule requires that if I like a program I\\nmust share it with other people
+# | who like it. I cannot in good\\nconscience sign a nondisclosure agreement
+# | or a software license\\nagreement.\\n\\nSo that I can continue to use
+# | computers without violating my principles,\\nI have decided to put
+# | together a sufficient body of free software so that\\nI will be able to
+# | get along without any software that is not free.\\n\\n\\nHow You Can
+# | Contribute\\n\\nI am asking computer manufacturers for donations of
+# | machines and money.\\nI'm asking individuals for donations of programs and
+# | work.\\n\\nOne computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a
+# | machine. But\\nwe could use more. One consequence you can expect if you
+# | donate\\nmachines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The
+# | machine had\\nbetter be able to operate in a residential area, and not
+# | require\\nsophisticated cooling or power.\\n\\nIndividual programmers can
+# | contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\\nof some Unix utility and
+# | giving it to me. For most projects, such\\npart-time distributed work
+# | would be very hard to coordinate; the\\nindependently-written parts would
+# | not work together. But for the\\nparticular task of replacing Unix, this
+# | problem is absent. Most\\ninterface specifications are fixed by Unix
+# | compatibility. If each\\ncontribution works with the rest of Unix, it
+# | will probably work\\nwith the rest of GNU.\\n\\nIf I get donations of
+# | money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\\npart time. The salary
+# | won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\\nwhom knowing they are
+# | helping humanity is as important as money. I view\\nthis as a way of
+# | enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to\\nworking on
+# | GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\\n\\n\\nFor
+# | more information, contact me.\\nArpanet mail:\\n
+# | RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\\n\\nUsenet:\\n ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\\n
+# | ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\\n\\nUS Snail:\\n Richard Stallman\\n 166 Prospect
+# | St\\n Cambridge, MA 02139\\n
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -306,7 +469,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -494,6 +657,32 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-This remark shows-]{+<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The
+# | intention was+} that [-Richard had not yet clarified-] {+nobody would have
+# | to pay for <b>permission</b> to use+} the [-distinction between \"free
+# | speech\"-] {+GNU system. But the words don't make this clear,+} and
+# | [-\"free beer\".-] {+people often interpret them as saying that copies of
+# | GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never
+# | the intent.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This remark shows that Richard had not yet clarified the distinction "
+#| "between \"free speech\" and \"free beer\". "
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Denna kommentar visar att Richard inte ännu hade klargjort skillnaden mellan
"
+"âfritt talâ och âgratis ölâ."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -520,15 +709,23 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Var god läs <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README "
@@ -536,20 +733,35 @@
"översättningar till den här artikeln."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009, [-2013, 2014-] {+2021+}
+# | Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 1983, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Den här sidan är licensierad under en <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Erkännande-"
-"IngaBearbetningar 3.0 Förenta Staterna Licens</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -561,8 +773,26 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Updaterat:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Var god läs <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README
"
+#~ "för Ãversättningar</a> för information om att samarbeta och skicka in "
+#~ "översättningar till den här artikeln."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Den här sidan är licensierad under en <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Erkännande-"
+#~ "IngaBearbetningar 3.0 Förenta Staterna Licens</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/initial-announcement.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:57 -0000 1.5
+++ po/initial-announcement.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.6
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-01-30 18:40+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: T. E. Kalayci <tekrei@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Turkish <www-tr-comm@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.4\n"
@@ -21,19 +22,23 @@
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Ä°lk Duyuru - GNU Projesi - Ãzgür Yazılım Vakfı"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "Ä°lk Duyuru"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"Bu, 27 Eylül 1983'te <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</"
"a> tarafından yayınlanan GNU Projesi'nin özgün duyurusu."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -45,23 +50,29 @@
"sw.html\">Ãzgür yazılımın</a> felsefi kavramlarının birçoÄu, birkaç
yıl "
"sonrasına kadar açıklıÄa kavuÅmadı."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "Ãzgür Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"Bu Åükran Günü'nü baÅlatarak GNU (Gnu's Not Unix [GNU, Unix DeÄildir]
için) "
"adlı eksiksiz bir Unix uyumlu yazılım sistemi yazacaÄım ve onu
kullanabilen "
"herkese bedava<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> olarak vereceÄim. Zaman, para, program
"
"ve gereçlerin katkıları büyük ölçüde gereklidir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -78,7 +89,7 @@
"birlikte gelen her Åeyi ve çevrim içi ve basılı kâÄıt dokümantasyonu
da "
"dâhil olmak üzere faydalı her Åeyi saÄlamayı umuyoruz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -102,11 +113,11 @@
"UUCP'den çok daha üstün olan chaosnet protokolüne dayanan aÄ
yazılımımız "
"olacak. Ayrıca UUCP ile uyumlu bir Åeyimiz olabilir."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Ben Kimim?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -124,11 +135,11 @@
"parçalanmaya veya bozulmaya dayanıklı bir dosya sistemi ve iki pencere "
"sistemi uyguladım."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Neden GNU'yu Yazmalıyım"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -138,7 +149,7 @@
"paylaÅmam gerektirdiÄini düÅünüyorum. Ben vicdanı rahat biçimde bir
gizlilik "
"sözleÅmesi veya bir yazılım lisans sözleÅmesi imzalayamıyorum."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -148,11 +159,11 @@
"olmayan herhangi bir yazılım olmadan idare edebilmem için yeterli bir
özgür "
"yazılım gövdesi oluÅturmaya karar verdim."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Nasıl Katkıda Bulunabilirsiniz"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -160,7 +171,7 @@
"Bilgisayar üreticilerinden makine ve para baÄıÅları istiyorum.
Bireylerden "
"program ve çalıÅma baÄıÅları bekliyorum."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -174,7 +185,7 @@
"Makine bir yerleÅim bölgesinde çalıÅırsa ve karmaÅık soÄutma veya
güç "
"gerektirmezse iyi olur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -192,7 +203,7 @@
"belirlenmiÅtir. Her katkı Unix'in geri kalanıyla çalıÅıyorsa
muhtemelen "
"GNU'nun geri kalanıyla birlikte de çalıÅacaktır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -207,70 +218,51 @@
"enerjilerini GNU üzerinde çalıÅmaya adamalarını saÄlamanın bir yolu
olarak "
"görüyorum."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Daha fazla bilgi için benimle iletiÅime geçin."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanet postası:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "BirleÅik Devletler Posta Adresi:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr ""
-"“free” <a href=\"#tn-1\">(2)</a> çevresinde çaresiz sözcük
seçimi"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"Buradaki sözcük kullanımı dikkatsizdi. Amaç, hiç kimsenin GNU sistemini
"
-"kullanma <b>izni</b> için ödeme yapmak zorunda olmamasıydı. Ancak
sözcükler "
-"bunu netleÅtirmiyor ve insanlar bunları genellikle GNU kopyalarının her "
-"zaman az veya hiçbir ücret ödemeden daÄıtılması gerektiÄini
söyleyerek "
-"yorumluyorlar. Asla niyet bu deÄildi."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "Orijinal ileti"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -278,10 +270,109 @@
"Tamlık için orijinal e-posta burada özgün biçiminde yeniden gösterilir."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -293,7 +384,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -481,6 +572,33 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "Dipnotlar"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"Buradaki sözcük kullanımı dikkatsizdi. Amaç, hiç kimsenin GNU sistemini
"
+"kullanma <b>izni</b> için ödeme yapmak zorunda olmamasıydı. Ancak
sözcükler "
+"bunu netleÅtirmiyor ve insanlar bunları genellikle GNU kopyalarının her "
+"zaman az veya hiçbir ücret ödemeden daÄıtılması gerektiÄini
söyleyerek "
+"yorumluyorlar. Asla niyet bu deÄildi."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -511,14 +629,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ãevirilerimizde bulmuÅ olabileceÄiniz hataları, aklınızdaki soru ve "
@@ -532,9 +655,12 @@
"\">çalıÅma sayfamızı</a> ziyaret edebilirsiniz."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
@@ -542,11 +668,11 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Bu sayfa <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
-"nd/3.0/us/deed.tr\">Creative Commons Atıf-Türetilemez 3.0 BirleÅik
Devletler "
+"nd/4.0/deed.tr\">Creative Commons Alıntı-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası "
"Lisansı</a> altında lisanslanmıÅtır."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
@@ -564,10 +690,14 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Son Güncelleme:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "“free” <a href=\"#tn-1\">(2)</a> çevresinde çaresiz sözcük
"
+#~ "seçimi"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/initial-announcement.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/initial-announcement.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:57 -0000 1.7
+++ po/initial-announcement.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.8
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-06-01 09:05+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <www-uk-translations@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 1.5\n"
@@ -25,19 +26,23 @@
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑаÑкове оголоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "ÐоÑаÑкове оголоÑеннÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑаÑкове оголоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU,
опÑблÑковане <a href=\"http://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Ð ÑÑаÑдом СÑолменом</a> 27 веÑеÑнÑ
1983 ÑокÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -49,16 +54,22 @@
"ÑÑлоÑоÑÑÑÐºÑ Ð°ÑпекÑи <a
href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам</a> "
"пÑоÑÑнилиÑÑ ÑÑлÑки ÑеÑез кÑлÑка ÑокÑв."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "ÐÑлÑний Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑинаÑÑи з найближÑого ÐÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñки, \n"
"Ñ Ð·Ð±Ð¸ÑаÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑи \n"
@@ -69,7 +80,7 @@
"ÐÑже поÑÑÑбна допомога Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð»ÑÐ´Ñ ÑобоÑого
ÑаÑÑ, гÑоÑей, \n"
"пÑогÑам Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -87,7 +98,7 @@
"поÑÑавлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ ÑÑм'Ñ Unix, Ñ Ð²Ñе
ÑнÑе коÑиÑне, вклÑÑаÑÑи "
"докÑменÑаÑÑÑ Ð² елекÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð»ÑÐ´Ñ Ñа на
папеÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -116,11 +127,11 @@
"пÑоÑокол UUCP. Ðожливо, Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ \n"
"бÑде Ñакож Ñо-небÑÐ´Ñ ÑÑмÑÑне з UUCP."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "Ð¥Ñо Ñ Ñакий?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -140,11 +151,11 @@
"ÑеалÑзÑвав ÑÑÑÐ¹ÐºÑ Ð´Ð¾ збоÑв ÑайловÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ \n"
"Ð´Ð²Ñ Ð²ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑеми Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ñин ÐÑÑп."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½ пиÑаÑи GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -156,7 +167,7 @@
"без ÑоÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑдпиÑаÑи \n"
"лÑÑензÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами або договÑÑ Ð¿Ñо
неÑозголоÑеннÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -168,11 +179,11 @@
"вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам, Ñоб Ñ Ð¼Ñг обÑйÑиÑÑ \n"
"без бÑдÑ-ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Чим ви можеÑе допомогÑи"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -181,7 +192,7 @@
"маÑини Ñ Ð³ÑоÑÑ. Я Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑиваÑниÑ
оÑÑб
\n"
"пÑиноÑиÑи в Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами Ñ Ð¿ÑаÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -198,7 +209,7 @@
"в жиÑловиÑ
пÑимÑÑеннÑÑ
Ñ Ð½Ðµ вимагала Ñ
иÑÑомÑдÑого \n"
"оÑ
Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -218,7 +229,7 @@
"з Unix. ЯкÑо кожен внеÑок бÑде пÑаÑÑваÑи з
ÑнÑÐ¾Ñ Unix, вÑн, ймовÑÑно, "
"запÑаÑÑÑ Ð· ÑеÑÑÐ¾Ñ GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -236,71 +247,51 @@
"ÑобоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ GNU, позбавивÑи ÑÑ
вÑд поÑÑеби
заÑоблÑÑи \n"
"на жиÑÑÑ ÑнÑим ÑпоÑобом."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "Ðа докладнÑÑими вÑдомоÑÑÑми
звеÑÑайÑеÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ мене."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "ÐдÑеÑа Arpanet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "ÐоÑÑова адÑеÑа Ñ Ð¡Ð¨Ð:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr "Ðоганий вибÑÑ ÑоÑмÑлÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑ
“вÑлÑний”"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"ТÑÑ ÑоÑмÑлÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±Ñло недбалим. \n"
-"ÐалоÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвазÑ, Ñо нÑÑ
Ñо не повинен
плаÑиÑи \n"
-"за <strong>дозвÑл</strong> коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ GNU. \n"
-"Ðле Ñлова не Ñоз'ÑÑнÑвали Ñе, Ñ Ð»Ñди ÑаÑÑо
ÑозÑмÑÑÑÑ ÑÑ
Ñк \n"
-"ÑвеÑдженнÑ, Ñо копÑÑ GNU Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¶Ð´Ð¸ \n"
-"поÑиÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð·Ð° Ð½ÐµÐ²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾
безкоÑÑовно. \n"
-"Це нÑколи не малоÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвазÑ."
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "ÐеÑвÑÑний лиÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
@@ -309,10 +300,109 @@
"вÑдÑвоÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ Ð² оÑигÑналÑ."
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -324,7 +414,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -512,6 +602,35 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "ÐиноÑка"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"ТÑÑ ÑоÑмÑлÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±Ñло недбалим. \n"
+"ÐалоÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвазÑ, Ñо нÑÑ
Ñо не повинен
плаÑиÑи \n"
+"за <strong>дозвÑл</strong> коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ GNU. \n"
+"Ðле Ñлова не Ñоз'ÑÑнÑвали Ñе, Ñ Ð»Ñди ÑаÑÑо
ÑозÑмÑÑÑÑ ÑÑ
Ñк \n"
+"ÑвеÑдженнÑ, Ñо копÑÑ GNU Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¶Ð´Ð¸ \n"
+"поÑиÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð·Ð° Ð½ÐµÐ²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾
безкоÑÑовно. \n"
+"Це нÑколи не малоÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвазÑ."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -538,14 +657,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад ÑоÑним
Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
@@ -556,18 +680,26 @@
"translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð·
пеÑекладє</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc. (Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ð¦Ñ ÑÑоÑÑнка доÑÑÑпна на ÑмоваÑ
<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.uk\"> лÑÑензÑÑ
Creative "
@@ -585,10 +717,25 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðновлено:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc. (Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr "Ðоганий вибÑÑ ÑоÑмÑлÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑ
“вÑлÑний”"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад
ÑоÑним Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
+#~ "можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¸ ми не можемо.
ÐадÑилайÑе, бÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+#~ "Ñ Ð¿ÑопозиÑÑÑ Ñодо пеÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
href=\"mailto:web-";
+#~ "translators@gnu.org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>. </"
+#~ "p><p>ÐÑдомоÑÑÑ Ð· кооÑдинаÑÑÑ Ñа
пÑопозиÑÑй пеÑекладÑв наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей див. Ñ "
+#~ "<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑбникÑ
з "
+#~ "пеÑекладє</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc. (Фонд вÑлÑного
пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
Index: po/initial-announcement.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/initial-announcement.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/initial-announcement.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 13:25:56 -0000 1.5
+++ po/initial-announcement.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.6
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: initial-announcement.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-04 23:59+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-06-26 21:07+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: å°åç <PsiACE@Outlook.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,24 +15,29 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "åå§å£°æ - GNUå·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Initial Announcement"
msgstr "åå§å£°æ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
+#| "\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgid ""
"This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="
-"\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
+"\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983."
msgstr ""
"è¿æ¯GNUå·¥ç¨çåå§å£°æï¼äº1983å¹´9æ27æ¥ç±<a
href=\"http://www.stallman.org/";
"\">Richard Stallman</a>æåºã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial "
"plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of "
@@ -43,22 +48,28 @@
"æãå¤ä¸ªå
³äº<a
href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">èªç±è½¯ä»¶</a>çå²å¦æ¦å¿µç´å°å "
"å¹´ä¹åæå¾ä»¥æ¾æ¸
ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Free Unix!"
msgstr "èªç±çUnixï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
+#| "software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
+#| "href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
+#| "money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible "
-"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free<a "
-"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of time, "
-"money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
+"software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"ä»è¿ä¸ªææ©èå¼å§ï¼æå°ç¼åä¸ä¸ªå®å
¨åUnixå
¼å®¹ç软件系ç»ï¼å®å«åGNUï¼æææ¯"
"Gnu's Not
Unixï¼GNU并éUnixï¼ï¼å¹¶ä¸æä¼å°å®ååç»è½å¤ä½¿ç¨ç人ï¼ä¾ä»ä»¬èªç±<a
"
"href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>使ç¨ãæè¿«åéè¦å¤§å®¶è´¡ç®æ¶é´ãéé±ãç¨åºå设å¤ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write "
"and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few "
@@ -73,7 +84,7 @@
"æçæææç¨çä¸è¥¿ï¼æ¤å¤è¿æUnixä¸å¸¦çææå
¶ä»æç¨çä¸è¥¿ï¼å
æ¬å¨çº¿åå®è´¨çæ"
"æ¡£ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -93,11 +104,11 @@
"ä¸ä¸ªå±å¹ãCåLispé½å¯ä»¥ä½ä¸ºç³»ç»ç¼ç¨è¯è¨ãæ们å°ä¼æåºäºMIT
chaosnetåè®®çç½ç»"
"软件ï¼è¿è¿æ¯UUCPè¦ä¼è¶ãæ们ä¹è®¸ä¹ä¼æä¸äºåUUCPå
¼å®¹çç¨åºã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Who Am I?"
msgstr "ææ¯è°ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, "
"now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked extensively on "
@@ -112,11 +123,11 @@
"çå¼æè
ãæ¤å¤ï¼æå¨Lisp
machineä¸å®ç°äºä¸ä¸ªé²å´©æºçæ件系ç»å两个çªå£ç®¡çç³»"
"ç»ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "为ä»ä¹æå¿
é¡»ç¼åGNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good conscience sign a "
@@ -125,7 +136,7 @@
"æä¿¡å¥çéç§çå¾æ¯å¦ææå欢ä¸ä¸ªç¨åºï¼é£ä¹æå¿
é¡»è¦åå
¶ä»å欢该ç¨åºç人å享ã"
"ç¾ç½²ä¿å¯åè®®æ软件许å¯è¯åè®®ä¼ä½¿æçè¯å¿ä¸å®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I "
"have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I "
@@ -134,17 +145,17 @@
"æå³å®ç»åä¸ç³»åå
åçèªç±è½¯ä»¶æ¥è®©ææè±éèªç±è½¯ä»¶çéå¶ï¼è¿æ
·æå°±å¯ä»¥å¨ä¸è¿"
"èèªå·±çååçæ
åµä¸ç»§ç»ä½¿ç¨çµèã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "ä½ è¯¥å¦ä½åè´¡ç®"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
msgstr "æ请æ±è®¡ç®æºå¶é åæèµ
设å¤åéé±ãæ请æ±ä¸ªäººæèµ ç¨åºåä½åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But we "
"could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is "
@@ -156,7 +167,7 @@
"ä¹ä½ å¯ä»¥é¢æGNUä¼æ©ä¸ç¹å¨ä½
çæºå¨ä¸è¿è¡ãè¿äºæºå¨æ好è½å¨å±
æ°åºæä½ï¼èä¸æ¯è¦"
"æ±å¤æçå·å´æä¾çµè®¾æ½ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of "
"some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such part-time "
@@ -172,7 +183,7 @@
"å¤æ°æ¥å£è§æ ¼ç±Unixçå
¼å®¹æ§å³å®ãå¦ææ¯ä¸ªäººçè´¡ç®é½è½å¨Unixä¸å·¥ä½ï¼é£ä¹å®æå¯"
"è½ä¹å¨GNUä¸å·¥ä½ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing "
@@ -184,77 +195,160 @@
"人è¦æç½ä»ä»¬çå·¥ä½æ¯å¨å¸®å©äººç±»ï¼è¿åéé±ä¸æ
·éè¦ãæ认为è¿æ¯å¨ä¸ºé£äºæ¿æå
¨èº«"
"å¿æå
¥å°GNUå·¥ä½ä¸ç人们æä¾ä¸ä¸ªä¸ç¨å寻æ¾å
¶ä»è°çæ段çæºä¼ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "For more information, contact me."
msgstr "å¦éæ´å¤ä¿¡æ¯ï¼è¯·èç³»æã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Arpanet mail:"
msgstr "Arpanet mail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
msgstr "RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Usenet:"
msgstr "Usenet:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
msgstr "...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "US Snail:"
msgstr "US Snail:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "166 Prospect St"
msgstr "166 Prospect St"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><address>
msgid "Cambridge, MA 02139"
msgstr "Cambridge, MA 02139"
-#. type: Content of: <h4>
-msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
-msgstr " “free”ä¸è¯éå¾ä¸å¥½ã"
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
-"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
-"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
-"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
-"intent."
-msgstr ""
-"è¿éçç¨è¯ä¸å¤ªä¸¥è°¨ãå
¶åè¡·æ¯äººä»¬ä¸å¿
æ¯ä»è´¹ç¨æ¥è·å¾ä½¿ç¨GNUç³»ç»ç<b>许å¯</b>ã"
-"ä½æ¯æ¤å¤ç¨è¯æ²¡ææç¡®è¿ä¸ç¹ï¼èä¸äººä»¬é常ä¼ç解æè¿æ¯å¨è¯´GNUçæ·è´æ»æ¯å»ä»·æä¸"
-"è±é±çãåæç»ä¸æ¯è¿æ ·çã"
-
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "Original message"
msgstr "åå§æ¶æ¯"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original "
"form."
msgstr "为äºå®æ´ï¼åå§çé®ä»¶åå¨ä¸é¢ï¼å¹¶ä¸ä¿çåå§çæ
¼å¼ã"
#. TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers.
-#. type: Content of: <div><pre>
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
+#| msgid ""
+#| "\n"
+#| "From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
+#| "From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
+#| "Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
+#| "Subject: new Unix implementation\n"
+#| "Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST\n"
+#| "Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Free Unix!\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
+#| "Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
+#| "give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+#| "Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
+#| "needed.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to\n"
+#| "write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,\n"
+#| "assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text\n"
+#| "formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of\n"
+#| "other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that\n"
+#| "normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including\n"
+#| "on-line and hardcopy documentation.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical\n"
+#| "to Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based\n"
+#| "on our experience with other operating systems. In particular,\n"
+#| "we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof\n"
+#| "file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent\n"
+#| "display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through\n"
+#| "which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a
screen.\n"
+#| "Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.\n"
+#| "We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,\n"
+#| "far superior to UUCP. We may also have something compatible\n"
+#| "with UUCP.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Who Am I?\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS\n"
+#| "editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked\n"
+#| "extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the\n"
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.\n"
+#| "I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In addition I\n"
+#| "have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for\n"
+#| "Lisp machines.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Why I Must Write GNU\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I\n"
+#| "must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good\n"
+#| "conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license\n"
+#| "agreement.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,\n"
+#| "I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so
that\n"
+#| "I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "How You Can Contribute\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.\n"
+#| "I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine. But\n"
+#| "we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you donate\n"
+#| "machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The machine had\n"
+#| "better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require\n"
+#| "sophisticated cooling or power.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate\n"
+#| "of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, such\n"
+#| "part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the\n"
+#| "independently-written parts would not work together. But for the\n"
+#| "particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most\n"
+#| "interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each\n"
+#| "contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work\n"
+#| "with the rest of GNU.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or\n"
+#| "part time. The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for\n"
+#| "whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I view\n"
+#| "this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies
to\n"
+#| "working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "For more information, contact me.\n"
+#| "Arpanet mail:\n"
+#| " RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "Usenet:\n"
+#| " ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| " ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ\n"
+#| "\n"
+#| "US Snail:\n"
+#| " Richard Stallman\n"
+#| " 166 Prospect St\n"
+#| " Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
msgid ""
-"\n"
"From
CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ\n"
"From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie\n"
"Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft\n"
@@ -266,7 +360,7 @@
"\n"
"Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete\n"
"Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and\n"
-"give it away free<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
+"give it away free <a href=\"#f1\">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.\n"
"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly\n"
"needed.\n"
"\n"
@@ -454,6 +548,31 @@
" 166 Prospect St\n"
" Cambridge, MA 02139\n"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnote"
+msgid "Footnote"
+msgstr "è注"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have "
+#| "to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't "
+#| "make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of "
+#| "GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+#| "the intent."
+msgid ""
+"<em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would "
+"have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words "
+"don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies "
+"of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never "
+"the intent."
+msgstr ""
+"è¿éçç¨è¯ä¸å¤ªä¸¥è°¨ãå
¶åè¡·æ¯äººä»¬ä¸å¿
æ¯ä»è´¹ç¨æ¥è·å¾ä½¿ç¨GNUç³»ç»ç<b>许å¯</b>ã"
+"ä½æ¯æ¤å¤ç¨è¯æ²¡ææç¡®è¿ä¸ç¹ï¼èä¸äººä»¬é常ä¼ç解æè¿æ¯å¨è¯´GNUçæ·è´æ»æ¯å»ä»·æä¸"
+"è±é±çãåæç»ä¸æ¯è¿æ ·çã"
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -472,9 +591,7 @@
"ç³»æ¹æ³</a>èç³»èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF)ã请å°æ æé¾æ¥ï¼å
¶ä»é误æ建议åéç»<a href="
"\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu.org></a>ã"
-#
-#
-#
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -482,36 +599,49 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
-"è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
-"ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+"请åè <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">ç¿»è¯è¯´æ</a> äº"
+"解æå
³åè°åæ交æç« ç¿»è¯çä¿¡æ¯ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
+#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
-"æ¬é¡µé¢ä½¿ç¨<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
+"æ¬é¡µé¢éç¨ <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
"nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States "
-"License</a>ææã"
+"License</a> 许å¯è¯ææã"
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -525,10 +655,32 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
-"Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Poor choice of wording around “free”"
+#~ msgstr " “free”ä¸è¯éå¾ä¸å¥½ã"
+
+#
+#
+#
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "æ¬é¡µé¢ä½¿ç¨<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/";
+#~ "by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States "
+#~ "License</a>ææã"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1983, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free "
+#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ar-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ar-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ar-diff.html 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.10
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ar-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.11
@@ -12,23 +12,31 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.79</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Linux and the GNU System</h2>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>For more information see also
-the</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>,
+the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>,
and <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a></p>
</blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
@@ -133,11 +141,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -155,13 +164,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -209,9 +220,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,11 +250,12 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
+<h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<ol>
@@ -350,7 +363,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/11 09:34:51 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ar.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ar.po,v
retrieving revision 1.65
retrieving revision 1.66
diff -u -b -r1.65 -r1.66
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ar.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.65
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ar.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.66
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2011-02-21 00:31+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Hicham <hicham@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Arabic\n"
@@ -255,6 +255,36 @@
"Øر ÙاÙ
Ù</em>ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠جÙÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -262,12 +292,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"ÙدÙÙ
اÙÙØ«Ùر Ù
٠اÙÙاس Ù
ساÙÙ
ات جÙÙرÙØ© ÙÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة Ù٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ø ÙÙÙÙÙ
ÙستØÙÙÙ "
"اÙإشادة عÙ٠برÙ
جÙاتÙÙ
. ÙÙ٠سبب ÙجÙد
<em>اÙÙظاÙ
اÙÙاÙ
Ù</em> —ÙÙÙس "
@@ -299,9 +329,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -316,8 +346,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"ÙØس٠اÙØØ¸Ø ÙÙ
ÙÙ٠عÙÙÙا اÙتظار ÙÙرد بÙضÙ
ÙÙÙÙس. عÙدÙ
ا Ùتب تÙرÙاÙدس ÙÙÙÙØ³Ø ØÙÙت "
"Ù
Ø٠آخر ÙجÙØ© جÙÙرÙØ© ÙÙ ÙظاÙ
جÙÙ. استطاع
اÙÙاس ÙÙتÙا <a href=\"http://ftp.";
@@ -326,16 +356,37 @@
"ÙÙاختصار ÙظاÙ
جÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"ÙÙ
تÙ٠عÙ
ÙÙØ© جعÙÙÙ
ا ÙعÙ
Ùا٠Ù
عÙا Ù
ÙÙ
Ø©Ù
سÙÙØ©Ù. بعض Ù
ÙÙÙات جÙÙ<a href="
"\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> اØتاجت تغÙÙرÙا جÙÙرÙÙا
ÙتعÙ
Ù Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس. Ùا٠إعداد "
@@ -475,11 +526,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -492,10 +544,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"إذا أردت Ø¥Ùشاء ÙصÙØ© ع٠”جÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس“ ÙÙ
رجع اÙخارجÙØ ÙØ¥Ù Ùذ٠اÙصÙØØ© "
"Ù<a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-";
@@ -511,9 +563,10 @@
# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was non[---]free in the 80s, but became free
-# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists today<a
-# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the
-# | GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
@@ -526,9 +579,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Ø£Ùتج Ù
شرÙع آخر -بجاÙب جÙÙ- بشÙÙ Ù
ستÙÙ ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ Øر شبÙ٠بÙÙÙÙÙس. Ùذا اÙÙظاÙ
"
"Ùعر٠باسÙ
بÙ‌إس‌دÙØ ÙØ·ÙÙر ÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ
بÙرÙÙÙÙ. ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ ØرÙا ÙÙ "
@@ -537,6 +590,27 @@
"ÙÙعÙا Ù
Ù ÙظاÙ
بÙ‌إس‌دÙ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -545,8 +619,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ùسأ٠اÙÙاس Ø£ØÙاÙا ÙÙÙ
ا إذا ÙاÙ
بÙ‌إس‌د٠أÙضا إصدارÙا Ù
٠جÙÙØ Ù
Ø«Ù "
"جÙÙ/ÙÙÙÙس. اØتذ٠Ù
Ø·Ùر٠بÙ‌إس‌د٠بجعÙ
ÙÙدÙÙ
ØرÙÙا بÙ
شرÙع جÙÙØ ÙÙ
Ù "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.bg.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.bg.po,v
retrieving revision 1.49
retrieving revision 1.50
diff -u -b -r1.49 -r1.50
--- po/linux-and-gnu.bg.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.49
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.bg.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.50
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-10-28 11:43+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Yavor Doganov <yavor@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Bulgarian <dict@fsa-bg.org>\n"
@@ -263,6 +263,36 @@
"подобна на âЮникÑâ</em> â GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -270,12 +300,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Ðного Ñ
оÑа Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑеÑÑвен пÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÐºÑм
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑоÑÑÑÐµÑ Ð² ÑиÑÑемаÑа и вÑиÑки "
"Ñе заÑлÑÐ¶Ð°Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñизнание. Ðо пÑиÑинаÑа
Ñова да е <em>инÑегÑиÑана ÑиÑÑема</"
@@ -311,8 +341,8 @@
# | Torvalds [-wrote Linux,-] {+freed Linux in 1992,+} it fit into the last
# | major gap in the GNU system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system:-]
-# | {+system —+} a [-Linux-based-] version of the GNU [-system; the-]
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system: a
+# | Linux-based-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU [-system; the-]
# | {+system which also contained Linux. The+} GNU/Linux system, [-for
# | short.-] {+in other words.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -328,8 +358,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Ðа ÑаÑÑие, нÑмаÑе нÑжда да Ñакаме за Hurd,
понеже ÐинÑÐºÑ Ð±ÐµÑе на "
"Ñазположение. ÐогаÑо ÐинÑÑ Ð¢Ð¾ÑвалдÑ
напиÑа ÐинÑкÑ, Ñой запÑлни поÑледнаÑа "
@@ -340,16 +370,37 @@
"или ÑÑкÑаÑено â GNU/ÐинÑкÑ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"СÑбиÑанеÑо им заедно звÑÑи пÑоÑÑо, но не
беÑе незнаÑиÑелна ÑабоÑа. ÐÑÑ
а "
"нÑжни ÑÑÑеÑÑвени пÑомени за нÑкои оÑ
компоненÑиÑе на GNU <a href="
@@ -496,11 +547,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -513,10 +565,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Ðко иÑкаÑе да напÑавиÑе Ñ
ипеÑвÑÑзка за
повеÑе инÑоÑмаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð° âGNU/ÐинÑкÑâ, "
"Ñази ÑÑÑаниÑа и <a
href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
@@ -530,13 +582,28 @@
msgstr "ÐоÑлепиÑ"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑвен GNU, един дÑÑг пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ Ð½ÐµÐ·Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñимо
издаде Ñвободна опеÑаÑионна ÑиÑÑема, "
"подобна на ЮникÑ. Тази ÑиÑÑема е познаÑа
каÑо BSD и е била ÑазÑабоÑена в "
@@ -546,6 +613,27 @@
"ÑигÑÑноÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ваÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑиÑÑемаÑа GNU, или
ÑазновидноÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑиÑÑемаÑа BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -554,8 +642,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ХоÑаÑа понÑкога пиÑÐ°Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð»Ð¸ BSD ÑÑÑо е
веÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð° GNU, какÑо GNU/ÐинÑкÑ. "
"РазÑабоÑÑиÑиÑе на BSD бÑÑ
а вдÑÑ
новени да
напÑавÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð´Ð° Ñи Ñвободен ÑоÑÑÑÐµÑ "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ca-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ca-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ca-diff.html 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.16
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ca-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.17
@@ -12,14 +12,22 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.79</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Linux and the GNU System</h2>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
@@ -133,11 +141,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -155,13 +164,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -209,9 +220,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,11 +250,12 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
+<h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<ol>
@@ -350,7 +363,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/11 09:34:51 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ca.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ca.po,v
retrieving revision 1.69
retrieving revision 1.70
diff -u -b -r1.69 -r1.70
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ca.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.69
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ca.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.70
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-04-23 18:39+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Miquel Puigpelat <mpuigpe1@xtec.cat>\n"
"Language-Team: Catalan <www-ca-traductors@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -263,6 +263,36 @@
"complet i lliure a l'estil d'Unix</em>: GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -270,12 +300,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Molta gent ha fet grans contribucions als programes lliures del sistema, i "
"totes es mereixen un reconeixement. Però la finalitat era <em>un sistema "
@@ -312,9 +342,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -329,8 +359,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Afortunadament no vam haver d'esperar que Hurd estigués enllestit, perquè "
"Linux ja estava disponible. Quan el 1992 Linus Torvalds va publicar Linux "
@@ -341,16 +371,37 @@
"que contenia Linux. En altres paraules, un sistema GNU/Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Posar-los tots dos junts sona senzill, però no va ser una tasca trivial. "
"Alguns components de GNU <a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> "
@@ -495,11 +546,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -512,10 +564,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Si voleu posar un enllaç per oferir més informació sobre «GNU/Linux», "
"aquesta pà gina i <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">http://www.gnu.org/";
@@ -528,13 +580,28 @@
msgstr "Postdates"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"A més de GNU, un altre projecte ha produït, de manera independent, un "
"sistema operatiu lliure a l'estil d'Unix. Aquest sistema és conegut com a "
@@ -545,6 +612,27 @@
"sistema BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -553,8 +641,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"De vegades la gent pregunta si BSD també és una versió de GNU, com GNU/"
"Linux. Els desenvolupadors del sistema BSD es van plantejar fer lliure el "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.cs-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.cs-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.30
retrieving revision 1.31
diff -u -b -r1.30 -r1.31
--- po/linux-and-gnu.cs-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.30
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.cs-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.31
@@ -12,15 +12,23 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">Linux</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Linux</em></ins></span> and the GNU System</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -136,11 +144,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -158,13 +167,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -211,9 +222,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,8 +250,9 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
-href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
+href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 <span
class="removed"><del><strong>class="footnote">Notes</h3></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
@@ -348,7 +361,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.cs.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.cs.po,v
retrieving revision 1.34
retrieving revision 1.35
diff -u -b -r1.34 -r1.35
--- po/linux-and-gnu.cs.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.34
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.cs.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.35
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-07-13 20:57+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: FrantiÅ¡ek KuÄera <franta-gnu AT frantovo.cz>\n"
"Language-Team: Czech <www-cs-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -256,6 +256,36 @@
"svobodný systém podobný Unixu</em>: GNU. "
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -263,12 +293,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Mnoho lidà významnÄ pÅispÄlo svobodnému software v systému a vÅ¡ichni
si "
"zasluhujà uznánÃ. Ale důvodem, dÃky kterému je to <em>integrovaný
systém</"
@@ -304,9 +334,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -321,8 +351,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"NaÅ¡tÄstà nemusÃme Äekat, až bude Hurd hotový, protože je tu Linux.
Když "
"Torvalds v roce 1992 uvolnil Linux, zaplnil tak poslednà velkou mezeru v GNU
"
@@ -332,16 +362,37 @@
"Linux; nebo jinými slovy: systém GNU/Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Dát je dohromady znà jednoduÅ¡e, ale nebylo to tak snadné. NÄkteré
souÄásti "
"GNU <a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> potÅebovaly znaÄné úpravy, aby "
@@ -464,11 +515,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -481,10 +533,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Pokud chcete odkazovat na dalÅ¡Ã informace o âGNU/Linuxuâ, tato stránka
a <a "
"href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.";
@@ -497,13 +549,28 @@
msgstr "Dodatky"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Vedle GNU jeÅ¡tÄ jeden dalÅ¡Ã projekt vytvoÅil svobodný unixový systém.
Tento "
"systém je známý jako BSD a byl vyvinut na universitÄ UC Berkeley. Tento "
@@ -513,6 +580,27 @@
"systému."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -521,8 +609,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Lidé se nÄkdy ptajÃ, jestli je BSD také verzà GNU podobnÄ jako
GNU/Linux. "
"VývojáÅi BSD se inspirovali projektem GNU a také svůj systém uÄinili "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.de-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.de-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- po/linux-and-gnu.de-diff.html 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.8
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.de-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.9
@@ -12,23 +12,31 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.84</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Linux and the GNU System</h2>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>For more information see also
-the</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>,
+the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>,
and <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a></p>
</blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
@@ -133,11 +141,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -155,13 +164,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -209,9 +220,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,11 +250,12 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
+<h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<ol>
@@ -350,7 +363,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/11 09:34:51 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.de.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.de.po,v
retrieving revision 1.50
retrieving revision 1.51
diff -u -b -r1.50 -r1.51
--- po/linux-and-gnu.de.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.50
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.de.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.51
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Webmasters <webmasters@gnu.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-09-26 22:00+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Jоегg Kоhпе <joeko (AT) online [PUNKT] de>\n"
"Language-Team: German <www-de-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -272,6 +272,36 @@
# ab hier Korrekturlesen, 2.5.2013
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -279,12 +309,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Viele haben maÃgebliche Beiträge zu der freien Software im System
geleistet, "
"und sie alle verdienen Anerkennung für ihre Software. Aber der Grund, "
@@ -324,9 +354,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -341,8 +371,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Glücklicherweise mussten wir wegen Linux nicht auf Hurd warten. Nachdem "
"Torvalds im Jahr 1992 Linux freigegebenen hatte, füllte es die letzte groÃe
"
@@ -354,16 +384,37 @@
"Worten: das GNU/Linux-System."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Damit sie gut zusammenarbeiten, war keine triviale Aufgabe. Einige GNU-"
"Komponenten<a href=\"#somecomponents\" id=\"somecomponents-ref\" class="
@@ -516,11 +567,12 @@
# (Service Temporarily Unavailable) ->
https://web.archive.org/web/20091004063519/http://foldoc.org/Linux
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -533,10 +585,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Möchten Sie zu Referenzzwecken einen Verweis auf <em>GNU/Linux</em> anlegen,
"
"ist sowohl dieses Dokument als auch <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project\">https://";
@@ -553,9 +605,10 @@
# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was non[---]free in the 80s, but became free
-# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists today<a
-# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the
-# | GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
@@ -568,9 +621,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Abgesehen von GNU hat ein anderes Projekt unabhängig ein freies unixoides "
"Betriebssystem hergestellt. Dieses System ist als BSD bekannt und wurde an "
@@ -582,6 +635,27 @@
"von BSD-System."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -590,8 +664,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Manchmal wird angefragt, ob BSD auch eine Variante von GNU sei, wie GNU/"
"Linux. Die BSD-Entwickler wurden angeregt, ihren Quellcode am Beispiel des "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.el-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.el-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.18
retrieving revision 1.19
diff -u -b -r1.18 -r1.19
--- po/linux-and-gnu.el-diff.html 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.18
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.el-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.19
@@ -12,23 +12,31 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.79</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Linux and the GNU System</h2>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>For more information see also
-the</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>,
+the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>,
and <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a></p>
</blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
@@ -133,11 +141,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -155,13 +164,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -209,9 +220,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,11 +250,12 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
+<h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<ol>
@@ -350,7 +363,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/11 09:34:51 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.el.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.el.po,v
retrieving revision 1.20
retrieving revision 1.21
diff -u -b -r1.20 -r1.21
--- po/linux-and-gnu.el.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.20
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.el.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.21
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-05-09 09:11+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Georgios Zarkadas <gz@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Greek <www-el-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -278,6 +278,36 @@
"Ïο Unix ÏÏÏÏημα</em>: Ïο GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -285,12 +315,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Πολλοί άνθÏÏÏοι ÎÏοÏ
ν κάνει κÏÏÎ¹ÎµÏ ÏÏ
νειÏÏοÏÎÏ ÏÏο ελεÏθεÏο λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ ÏοÏ
"
"Ï
ÏάÏÏει ÏÏο ÏÏÏÏημα, και ÏÏ
Ïικά Ïλοι ÏοÏ
Ï
αξίζοÏ
ν ÏÏ
γÏαÏηÏήÏια για Ïο "
@@ -328,9 +358,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -345,8 +375,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"ÎÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏÏ, δεν ÏÏειάÏÏηκε να ÏεÏιμÎνοÏ
με
Ïην ολοκλήÏÏÏη ÏοÏ
Hurd, εξαιÏÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
"
"Linux. ÎÏαν ο Torvalds ελεÏ
θÎÏÏÏε Ïο Linux Ïο 1992,
εκείνο ÏαίÏιαξε ÏÏο "
@@ -357,16 +387,37 @@
"ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιείÏε εÏίÏÎ·Ï Ïο Linux. Το GNU/Linux
ÏÏÏÏημα με άλλα λÏγια. "
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Îεν ήÏαν μια ÏεÏÏιμμÎνη εÏγαÏία Ïο να Ïα
κάνοÏ
με να δοÏ
λεÏοÏ
ν καλά μαζί. "
"ÎεÏικά GNU ÏÏ
ÏÏαÏικά<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>
ÏÏειαζÏÏαν "
@@ -517,11 +568,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -534,10 +586,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Îάν θÎλεÏε να κάνεÏε Îνα ÏÏνδεÏμο ÏÏο
“GNU/Linux”, για ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ "
"αναÏοÏά, αÏ
Ïή η Ïελίδα καθÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ η <a
href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> "
@@ -551,13 +603,28 @@
msgstr "ΣÏ
μÏλήÏÏμα"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"ÎκÏÏÏ Î±ÏÏ Ïο GNU, Îνα ακÏμη ÎÏγο ÏαÏήγαγε
ανεξάÏÏηÏα Îνα ελεÏθεÏο, ÏαÏÏμοιο "
"με Ïο Unix λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα. Το ÏÏÏÏημα
αÏ
ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ γνÏÏÏÏ ÏÏ BSD και "
@@ -567,6 +634,27 @@
"είÏε μια ÏαÏαλλαγή ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï GNU, είÏε
Îνα ÎµÎ¯Î´Î¿Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -575,8 +663,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ΠκÏÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏÏάει μεÏικÎÏ ÏοÏÎÏ ÎµÎ¬Î½ Ïο BSD
είναι εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î¼Î¹Î± ÎκδοÏη ÏοÏ
GNU, "
"ÏÏÏÏ Ïο GNU/Linux. Îι ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
BSD
εμÏνεÏÏÏηκαν να κάνοÏ
ν Ïον "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.83
retrieving revision 1.84
diff -u -b -r1.83 -r1.84
--- po/linux-and-gnu.es.po 12 Oct 2021 09:34:14 -0000 1.83
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.es.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.84
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-10-12 10:58+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Javier Fdez. Retenaga <jfrtnaga@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <www-es-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.1\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -228,6 +229,36 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -235,12 +266,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Mucha gente ha hecho importantes contribuciones al software libre del "
"sistema, y todos ellos merecen un reconocimiento por su trabajo, pero la "
@@ -277,13 +308,29 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once
+# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
+# | system. People could then <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
+#| "Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
+#| "system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+#| "historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the "
+#| "GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the "
+#| "GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other "
+#| "words."
msgid ""
"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Afortunadamente no tuvimos que esperar hasta que Hurd estuviera listo, "
"porque Linux ya estaba disponible. Cuando Torvalds liberó Linux en 1992, se
"
@@ -295,16 +342,37 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Lograr que ambos funcionasen juntos correctamente no fue una tarea trivial. "
"Hubo que realizar cambios sustanciales en algunos componentes de GNU <a href="
@@ -393,12 +461,28 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a
+# | good URL to use.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further "
+#| "reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://";
+#| "www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+#| "mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, "
+#| "<a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a "
+#| "good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Si desea proporcionar enlaces como referencia para la cuestión del nombre "
"«GNU/Linux», esta misma página y <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html"
@@ -413,13 +497,28 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Además de GNU, existe otro proyecto que ha producido de forma independiente "
"un sistema operativo libre de tipo Unix. Ese sistema se conoce como «BSD» y
"
@@ -431,6 +530,27 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -439,8 +559,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"La gente a veces pregunta si también BSD es una versión de GNU, como GNU/"
"Linux. Los desarrolladores de BSD se inspiraron en el Proyecto GNU para "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.fa.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.fa.po,v
retrieving revision 1.46
retrieving revision 1.47
diff -u -b -r1.46 -r1.47
--- po/linux-and-gnu.fa.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:51 -0000 1.46
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.fa.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.47
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-07-19 22:39+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Abbas Esmaeeli Some'eh <abbas@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Persian <www-fa-general@list.gnu.org>\n"
@@ -234,6 +234,21 @@
"دÙد."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -241,12 +256,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"در اÛ٠سÛستÙ
اÙراد بسÛØ§Ø±Û Ú©Ù
Ú©âÙØ§Û Ø²ÛادÛ
ب٠ÙرÙ
âاÙزار آزاد کردÙâاÙد Ù ÙÙ
Ú¯Û "
"سزاÙار اعتبارÙد. اÙ
ا دÙÛ٠اÛÙک٠سÛستÙ
Ú¯ÙÙ
ÛÚ© <em>سÛستÙ
Ù
جتÙ
ع</em> است Ù ÙÙØ· "
@@ -290,8 +305,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Ø®ÙشبختاÙÙ ÙازÙ
ÙبÙد Ù
Ùتظر Ùرد بÙ
اÙÛÙ
Ø
زÛرا ÙÛÙÙکس در دست است. ÙÙگاÙ
ÛÚ©Ù ÙÛÙÙس "
"تÙرÙاÙدز ÙÛÙÙکس را ÙÙØ´ØªØ Ø¢Ø®Ø±ÛÙ Ø®Ùاء عÙ
دÙ
را پر کرد. بÙابراÛ٠اÙراد تÙاÙستÙد "
@@ -301,16 +316,27 @@
"ÙÛÙÙکس."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"در Ú©Ùار ÙÙ
Ùرار داد٠آÙÙا ساد٠ب٠Ùظر Ù
Ûâرسد اÙ
ا اÛÙ ÛÚ© کار ساد٠٠ÙاÚÛز "
"ÙÛست. Ø¨Ø¹Ø¶Û Ø§Ø² Ø§Ø¬Ø²Ø§Û Ú¯ÙÙ <a
href=\"#somecomponents\">(Û³)</a> Ø¨Ø±Ø§Û Ú©Ø§Ø± کرد٠با "
@@ -427,10 +453,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"اگر Ù
ÛâØ®ÙاÙÛد بر رÙÛ Â«Ú¯ÙÙ/ÙÛÙÙکس» ÙÛÙÚ©Û
ب٠عÙÙا٠Ù
رجع بگذارÛØ¯Ø Ø§Û٠صÙØÙ Ù ÙÛز "
"<a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-";
@@ -455,9 +481,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"بجز Ú¯ÙÙØ Ù¾Ø±ÙÚ٠دÛÚ¯Ø±Û Ø¨Ø·Ùر Ù
ستÙÙ ÛÚ© سÛستÙ
âعاÙ
٠آزاد شب٠ÛÙÙÛکس تÙÙÛد کرد٠است. "
"اÛ٠سÛستÙ
با عÙÙا٠BSD Ø´Ùاخت٠Ù
ÛâØ´Ùد ٠در
داÙشگا٠برکÙÛ ØªÙسع٠پÛدا Ù
ÛâÚ©Ùد. اÛÙ "
@@ -465,6 +491,17 @@
"آزاد٠Ù
ÙجÙد اغÙب Ûا ÛÚ© ÙÙع سÛستÙ
Ú¯ÙÙ Ù
ÛâباشÙد Ù Ûا ÛÚ© ÙÙع سÛستÙ
BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -473,8 +510,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"گاÙÛ Ø§ÙÙات Ù
ردÙ
سÙا٠Ù
ÛâÚ©ÙÙد ک٠آÛا BSD ÙÛز
Ù
اÙÙد Ú¯ÙÙ/ÙÛÙÙکس ÛÚ© Ùسخ٠از سÛستÙ
"
"Ú¯ÙÙ Ù
Ûâباشد. تÙسعÙâدÙÙدگا٠BSD با اÙÙاÙ
گرÙت٠از پرÙÚÙÙ Ú¯Ù٠کدÙØ§Û Ø®Ùد را آزاد "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.94
retrieving revision 1.95
diff -u -b -r1.94 -r1.95
--- po/linux-and-gnu.fr.po 11 Oct 2021 10:03:54 -0000 1.94
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.95
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-10-11 12:03+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: \n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.5\n"
@@ -215,6 +216,36 @@
"but de développer <em>un système de type Unix, complet et libre</em>â¯:
GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -222,12 +253,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Beaucoup de gens ont apporté des contributions majeures aux logiciels libres
"
"qu'on trouve dans le système et ils méritent tous de la reconnaissance.
Mais "
@@ -263,13 +294,29 @@
"grand public."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once
+# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
+# | system. People could then <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
+#| "Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
+#| "system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+#| "historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the "
+#| "GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the "
+#| "GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other "
+#| "words."
msgid ""
"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Heureusement, nous n'avons pas eu à attendre le Hurd, grâce à Linux. Quand
"
"Linus Torvalds a libéré Linux en 1992, il a bouché le dernier trou du "
@@ -279,16 +326,37 @@
"qui contenait aussi Linux, autrement dit le système GNU/Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Les faire fonctionner ensemble n'a pas été pas un travail trivial. Certains
"
"composants GNU<a href=\"#somecomponents\"><sup>3</sup></a> demandaient des "
@@ -372,12 +440,28 @@
"de cette combinaison, veuillez l'appeler «â¯GNU/Linuxâ¯Â»."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a
+# | good URL to use.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further "
+#| "reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://";
+#| "www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+#| "mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, "
+#| "<a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a "
+#| "good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Si vous voulez indiquer une référence vers «â¯GNU/Linuxâ¯Â», cette page
et <a "
"href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.";
@@ -390,13 +474,28 @@
msgstr "Addendum"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Outre GNU, un autre projet a produit de manière indépendante un système "
"d'exploitation libre de type Unix. Ce système est connu sous le nom de BSD "
@@ -407,6 +506,27 @@
"système de type BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -415,8 +535,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Quelquefois les gens demandent si BSD est aussi une version de GNU, comme "
"GNU/Linux. Les développeurs de BSD ont été conduits à rendre leur travail
"
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.hr-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.hr-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.19
retrieving revision 1.20
diff -u -b -r1.19 -r1.20
--- po/linux-and-gnu.hr-diff.html 11 Oct 2021 09:34:52 -0000 1.19
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.hr-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.20
@@ -12,23 +12,31 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.79</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Linux and the GNU System</h2>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>For more information see also
-the</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>,
+the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>,
and <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a></p>
</blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
@@ -133,11 +141,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -155,13 +164,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -209,9 +220,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,11 +250,12 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
+<h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<ol>
@@ -350,7 +363,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/11 09:34:52 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.hr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.hr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.22
retrieving revision 1.23
diff -u -b -r1.22 -r1.23
--- po/linux-and-gnu.hr.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:52 -0000 1.22
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.23
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-06-28 20:34+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Martina Bebek <martinaporec@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: www-hr <www-hr-lista@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -268,6 +268,36 @@
"<em>potpun slobodan sustav nalik Unixu</em>: GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -275,12 +305,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Mnogo ljudi znaÄajno je pridonijelo slobodnom softveru u sustavu i svi oni "
"zaslužuju priznanje za svoj softver.MeÄutim, razlog zbog kojeg je to "
@@ -315,9 +345,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -332,8 +362,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"SreÄom, zbog Linuxa nismo morali Äekati da Hurd bude dovrÅ¡en. Jednom kada
je "
"Torvalds 1992. godine uÄinio Linux slobodnim, popunio je zadnju veliku "
@@ -343,16 +373,37 @@
"sustava GNU koja je sadržavala i Linux, drugim rijeÄima, sustav GNU/Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"PostiÄi da zajedno rade nije bio jednostavan posao. Nekim komponentama GNU-"
"a<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> bila je potrebna znaÄajna izmjena kako "
@@ -500,11 +551,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -517,10 +569,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Ukoliko želite napraviti poveznicu na “GNU/Linux” za daljnje "
"povezivanje, ova stranica i <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> http://";
@@ -533,13 +585,28 @@
msgstr "Dopuna"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Uz GNU, još je jedan projekt neovisno proizveo slobodan operativni sustav "
"nalik Unixu. Taj sustav poznat je kao BSD, a razvijen je na UC Berkeleyu. "
@@ -549,6 +616,27 @@
"vrsta sustava BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -557,8 +645,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ponekad ljudi pitaju je li BSD takoÄer inaÄica GNU-a, kao GNU/Linux. "
"Razvijatelje BSD-a je primjer Projekta GNU nadahnuo da svoj kod uÄine "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.id.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.id.po,v
retrieving revision 1.37
retrieving revision 1.38
diff -u -b -r1.37 -r1.38
--- po/linux-and-gnu.id.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:52 -0000 1.37
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.id.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.38
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-01-23 12:58-0700\n"
"Last-Translator: Ridzki Samsulhadi <akbar_ddgood@yahoo.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Indonesian <web-translators-id@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -294,6 +294,36 @@
"adalah membangun <em> sistem bebas berbasis Unix yang sempurna</em>: GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -301,12 +331,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Banyak pihak yang telah mengembangkan program-program yang ada di dalam "
"sistem, dan mereka semua pantas dihargai atas kontribusinya. Tetapi alasan "
@@ -345,8 +375,8 @@
# | Torvalds [-wrote Linux,-] {+freed Linux in 1992,+} it fit into the last
# | major gap in the GNU system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system:-]
-# | {+system —+} a [-Linux-based-] version of the GNU [-system; the-]
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system: a
+# | Linux-based-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU [-system; the-]
# | {+system which also contained Linux. The+} GNU/Linux system, [-for
# | short.-] {+in other words.+}
#, fuzzy
@@ -362,8 +392,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Berkat Linux, kami tidak perlu menunggu rampungnya pengembangan Hurd. Saat "
"Linux dirilis, secara tidak langsung Torvalds telah membantu penyempurnaan "
@@ -373,16 +403,37 @@
"singkatnya sistem GNU/Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Awalnya, proses penggabungan GNU dan Linux tidak mudah. beberapa komponen "
"GNU <a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> harus dimodifikasi agar bisa bekerja "
@@ -532,11 +583,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -549,10 +601,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Jika anda ingin menjelaskan tentang “GNU/Linux” maka mohon "
"gunakan link ini sebagai referensi yang tepat: <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-"
@@ -569,9 +621,10 @@
# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was non[---]free in the 80s, but became free
-# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists today<a
-# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the
-# | GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
@@ -584,9 +637,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Selain GNU, terdapat sebuah proyek independen lain yang juga membangun "
"sebuah sistem operasi bebas berbasis Unix. Sistem ini dikenal sebagai BSD, "
@@ -596,6 +649,27 @@
"dapat dipastikan merupakan varian dari salah satu sistem GNU atau sistem BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -604,8 +678,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Terkadang ada pihak yang bertanya apakah BSD adalah varian dari GNU seperti "
"GNU/Linux. Para pengembang BSD memang membangun sistem mereka karena "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.it-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.it-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/linux-and-gnu.it-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.4
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.it-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.5
@@ -12,15 +12,23 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">Linux</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Linux</em></ins></span> and the GNU System</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -136,11 +144,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -158,13 +167,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -211,9 +222,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,8 +250,9 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
-href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
+href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 <span
class="removed"><del><strong>class="footnote">Notes</h3></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
@@ -348,7 +361,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.it.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.it.po,v
retrieving revision 1.77
retrieving revision 1.78
diff -u -b -r1.77 -r1.78
--- po/linux-and-gnu.it.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:52 -0000 1.77
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.it.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.78
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-02-04 19:01-0500\n"
"Last-Translator: Dora Scilipoti\n"
"Language-Team: Italian\n"
@@ -282,6 +282,36 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -289,12 +319,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Molte persone hanno dato contributi importanti al software libero presente "
"nel sistema, e tutti meritano riconoscimento per il lavoro svolto. Ma il "
@@ -336,9 +366,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -353,8 +383,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Per fortuna, non è stato necessario aspettare che Hurd fosse finito. Quando "
"Torvalds rilasciò Linux come software libero nel 1992, il suo kernel colmò "
@@ -366,16 +396,37 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Far funzionare bene i due insieme non fu compito semplice. Alcuni componenti "
"GNU <a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> furono modificati considerevolmente "
@@ -509,11 +560,12 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -526,10 +578,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Chi desiderasse dei collegamenti di riferimento per il termine “GNU/"
"Linux”, può utilizzare questa pagina oppure <a href=\"/gnu/the-"
@@ -543,13 +595,28 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Oltre a GNU, esiste un altro progetto che ha prodotto indipendentemente un "
"sistema operativo libero simile a Unix. Questo sistema è conosciuto "
@@ -561,6 +628,27 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -569,8 +657,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"A volte le persone si chiedono se BSD sia una versione di GNU, come GNU/"
"Linux. Gli sviluppatori di BSD si ispirarono all'esempio fornito dal "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.65
retrieving revision 1.66
diff -u -b -r1.65 -r1.66
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ja.po 1 Nov 2021 02:13:03 -0000 1.65
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.66
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-11-01 11:02+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese <web-translators-ja@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Linux and GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -207,6 +208,21 @@
"æ¨ã¨ããã®ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -214,12 +230,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"å¤ãã®äººã
ãã·ã¹ãã
ã®èªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã«å¤å¤§ãªè²¢ç®ããã¦ãã¾ãããããããã¯"
"ã¿ãªç§°è³ã«å¤ãã¾ããããããããåãªãæç¨ãªããã°ã©ã
ã®å¯ãéãã§ã¯ãªãã"
@@ -251,13 +267,22 @@
"ä¾ããã®ã«ååã¨è¨ããã¾ã§ã«ã¯ãã¾ã ã¾ã
é·ãéã®ããããã¾ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
+#| "Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
+#| "system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+#| "historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the "
+#| "GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the "
+#| "GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other "
+#| "words."
msgid ""
"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"幸éãªãã¨ã«ãLinuxããã£ãã®ã§ãããããã¡ã¯Hurdãå¾
ã¤å¿
è¦ã¯ããã¾ããã§ã"
"ãã1992å¹´ã«ãã¼ãã«ãºãLinuxãèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã¨ãã¦ãããããã¯GNUã·ã¹ãã
"
@@ -267,16 +292,27 @@
"å«ãã GNUã·ã¹ãã
ã®ãã¼ã¸ã§ã³ã§ããå¥ã®è¨èã§è¨ãã°ãGNU/Linuxã·ã¹ãã
ã§ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"ããããä¸ç·ã«åãããã«ããã¨ãããã¨ã¯ãã¨ãã«ãããªãä»äºã§ã¯ããã¾ããã§"
"ãããããã¤ãã®GNUã®ã³ã³ãã¼ãã³ã<a
href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>ã¯ã"
@@ -357,12 +393,20 @@
"“GNU/Linux”ã¨å¼ãã§ãã ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further "
+#| "reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://";
+#| "www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+#| "mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, "
+#| "<a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a "
+#| "good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"åç
§ã¨ãã¦ã“GNU/Linux”
ã«ã¤ãã¦ãªã³ã¯ãå¼µãããã¨ãã¯ããã®ãã¼"
"ã¸ã¨ãã¡ã<a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-";
@@ -375,13 +419,21 @@
msgstr "ãã¨ãã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"GNUã®ã»ãã«ãå¥ã«ããã¸ã§ã¯ããããä¸ã¤ãããUnixã©ã¤ã¯ãªãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·"
"ã¹ãã ãç¬ç«ã«ä½ãä¸ãã¦ãã¾ãããã®ã·ã¹ãã
ã¯BSDã¨ãã¦ç¥ãããã«ãªãã©ã«ãã¢"
@@ -391,6 +443,17 @@
"ã¦ã¾ãééãããã¾ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -399,8 +462,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"BSDã¯GNUã®ã²ã¨ã¤ã®çãã©ãã(GNU/Linuxã®ããã«)ãã¨ãèããããã¨ãã¾ã¾ããã¾"
"ããBSDã®éçºè
ãã¡ã¯ãGNUããã¸ã§ã¯ãã®ä¾ã«è§¦çºããã¦ããããã®ã³ã¼ããèªç±"
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ko.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ko.po,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ko.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:52 -0000 1.7
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ko.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.8
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -340,16 +340,18 @@
# | set out to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make a
# | <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found, wrote, or
# | found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential but
-# | unexciting [-major components, such as the assembler and linker,-] {+<a
-# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components+} because you can't have a system
-# | without them. [-A complete-] {+Some of our+} system [-needs more than
-# | just programming tools; the Bourne Again SHell, the PostScript interpreter
-# | <a href=\"/software/ghostscript/ghostscript.html\">Ghostscript</a>, and-]
+# | [-unexciting major components, such as the assembler and linker,-]
+# | {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>
+# | components+} because you can't have a system without them. [-A complete-]
+# | {+Some of our+} system [-needs more than just programming tools; the
+# | Bourne Again SHell, the PostScript interpreter <a
+# | href=\"/software/ghostscript/ghostscript.html\">Ghostscript</a>, and-]
# | {+components,+} the [-<a href=\"/software/libc/libc.html\">GNU C
# | library</a>-] {+programming tools, became popular on their own among
# | programmers, but we wrote many components that+} are [-just as
-# | important.-] {+not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed
-# | a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too.+}
+# | important.-] {+not tools <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess,
+# | because a complete system needs games too.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
@@ -371,12 +373,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"ë§ì ì¬ëë¤ì´ ì´ìì²´ì ì 주ì ë¶ë¶ë¤ì ìì±í¨ì¼ë¡ì¨
ë§ì 기ì¬ë¥¼ íê³ , ê·¸ íë¡"
"ê·¸ë¨ë¤ì 모ë ì ì²´ ìì¤í
ì ëíí ì´ë¦ì¼ë¡ ì¬ì©ë
ë§í 충ë¶í ìê²©ì´ ììµë"
@@ -428,8 +430,8 @@
# |
[-href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>put-]
# |
{+href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | combine+} Linux [-together-] with the GNU system</a> to make a complete
-# | free [-system:-] {+system —+} a [-Linux-based-] {+version of the+}
-# | GNU system [-(or-] {+which also contained Linux. The+} GNU/Linux system,
+# | free [-system: a Linux-based-] {+system—a version of the+} GNU
+# | system [-(or-] {+which also contained Linux. The+} GNU/Linux system,
# | [-for short).-] {+in other words.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -444,8 +446,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"ë¤íì¤ë½ê²ë ì°ë¦¬ë 리ëì¤ í ë°ì¦ê° ê°ë°í 커ëì¸ ë¦¬ë
ì¤ì ê°ë°ì´ ìë£ëìë¤"
"ë ì¬ì¤ì ìê² ëìê³ , 곧ì´ì´ ìì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì¸ 리ë
ì¤
커ëì´ <a href="
@@ -457,15 +459,16 @@
# | [-Putting-]{+Making+} them {+work well+} together [-sounds simple, but
# | it-] was not a trivial job. [-The <a
# | href=\"/software/libc/libc.html\">GNU C library</a> (called glibc for
-# | short)-] {+Some GNU components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>+}
-# | needed substantial [-changes.-] {+change to work with Linux.+}
-# | Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work “out
-# | of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the issue of
-# | how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not tackled,
-# | because we hadn't yet reached that point. [-The-] {+Thus, the+} people
-# | who developed the various system distributions [-made-] {+did+} a
-# | [-substantial contribution.-] {+lot of essential work. But it was work
-# | that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by someone.+}
+# | short)-] {+Some GNU components <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial [-changes.-]
+# | {+change to work with Linux.+} Integrating a complete system as a
+# | distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job,
+# | too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
+# | system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached
+# | that point. [-The-] {+Thus, the+} people who developed the various
+# | system distributions [-made-] {+did+} a [-substantial contribution.-]
+# | {+lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things,
+# | was surely going to be done by someone.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Putting them together sounds simple, but it was not a trivial job. The "
@@ -477,15 +480,15 @@
#| "that point. The people who developed the various system distributions "
#| "made a substantial contribution."
msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"ê·¸ë¬ë ì´ë¤ì ê²°í©ìí¨ë¤ë ê²ì ë§ì²ë¼ ê°ë¨í ìì
ì´
ìëììµëë¤. ì¤ì¹ì í¨"
"ê» ì¦ì ì¬ì©í ì ìë ë°°í¬ë³¸ì¼ë¡ìì ìì¤í
ì
구ì¶íë ê²ì 무ì²ì´ë ë°©ëí "
@@ -582,10 +585,10 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
@@ -602,8 +605,8 @@
# | use some GNU software, just as-] {+became free in+} the [-GNU system and
# | its variants use some BSD software; but taken as wholes, they are two
# | different systems which evolved separately.-] {+early 90s.+} A free
-# | operating system that exists [-today-] {+today<a
-# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | operating system that exists [-today-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -621,9 +624,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"ì ëì¤ ííì ìì ì´ìì²´ì 를 ê°ë°í기 ìí ëíëì
íë¡ì í¸ë¡ UC ë²í´ë¦¬ ë"
"íì BSDê° ììµëë¤. BSDì ê°ë°ìë¤ì GNU íë¡ì í¸ì ê·¸
ê°ë°ìë¤ìê² ë§ì ì"
@@ -642,8 +645,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.lt-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.lt-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/linux-and-gnu.lt-diff.html 11 Oct 2021 09:34:53 -0000 1.11
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.lt-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.12
@@ -12,23 +12,31 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.79</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Linux and the GNU System</h2>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>For more information see also
-the</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>,
+the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>,
and <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a></p>
</blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
@@ -133,11 +141,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -155,13 +164,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -209,9 +220,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,11 +250,12 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
+<h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<ol>
@@ -350,7 +363,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/11 09:34:53 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.lt.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.lt.po,v
retrieving revision 1.14
retrieving revision 1.15
diff -u -b -r1.14 -r1.15
--- po/linux-and-gnu.lt.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:54 -0000 1.14
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.lt.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.15
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-01-16 21:48+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Donatas Klimašauskas <klimasauskas.d@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Lithuanian <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -270,6 +270,36 @@
"<em>iÅ¡baigtÄ
, laisvÄ
, panaÅ¡iÄ
į Unix sistemÄ
</em>: GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -277,12 +307,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Daug žmonių padarÄ svarbių prisidÄjimų prie laisvos programinÄs
įrangos toje "
"sistemoje ir jie visi nusipelnÄ paminÄjimo už jų programinÄ Ä¯rangÄ
.
Bet jos "
@@ -319,9 +349,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -336,8 +366,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Laimei, mums nereikÄjo laukti Hurd, dÄl Linux. Kai Torvalds iÅ¡laisvino "
"Linux 1992 m., jis užpildÄ paskutinÄ didelÄ GNU sistemos spragÄ
. "
@@ -347,16 +377,37 @@
"padarymui. Kitais žodžiais, GNU/Linux sistema."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Jų padarymas veikti gerai kartu nebuvo lengvas darbas. Kai kuriuos GNU "
"komponentus<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> reikÄjo reikÅ¡mingai pakeisti
"
@@ -501,11 +552,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -518,10 +570,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Jei jÅ«s norite padaryti nuorodÄ
apie „GNU/Linux“ tolimesniam "
"nukreipimui, Å¡is puslapis ir <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">http://";
@@ -538,9 +590,10 @@
# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was non[---]free in the 80s, but became free
-# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists today<a
-# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the
-# | GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
@@ -553,9 +606,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Be GNU, vienas kitas projektas nepriklausomai pagamino laisvÄ
, panaÅ¡iÄ
į "
"Unix operacinÄ sistemÄ
. Ši sistema yra žinoma kaip BSD ir ji buvo
išvystyta "
@@ -565,6 +618,27 @@
"užtikrintai yra arba GNU sistemos variantas, arba BSD sistemos tipas."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -573,8 +647,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ŽmonÄs kartais klausia ar BSD irgi yra GNU versija, kaip GNU/Linux. BSD "
"autoriai buvo įkvÄpti jų kodÄ
padaryti laisva programine įranga pagal
GNU "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ml-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ml-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.19
retrieving revision 1.20
diff -u -b -r1.19 -r1.20
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ml-diff.html 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.19
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ml-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.20
@@ -12,24 +12,32 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Linux and the GNU System</h2>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>For more information see also
-the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>,
-and</strong></del></span>
+the</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why
GNU/Linux?</a></p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>,
+and <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a></p>
</blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></address></em></ins></span>
@@ -133,11 +141,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -155,13 +164,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -211,9 +222,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -227,7 +238,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -239,11 +251,12 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
+<h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<ol>
@@ -352,7 +365,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/11 09:34:55 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ml.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ml.po,v
retrieving revision 1.53
retrieving revision 1.54
diff -u -b -r1.53 -r1.54
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ml.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.53
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ml.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.54
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-05-04 17:57+0530\n"
"Last-Translator: Navaneeth <navaneeth@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Malayalam <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -264,6 +264,36 @@
"à´¯àµà´£à´¿à´àµà´¸àµ-à´ªàµà´²àµà´³àµà´³à´¤àµà´®à´¾à´¯ à´à´°àµ
സിസàµà´±àµà´±à´</em> വിà´à´¸à´¿à´ªàµà´ªà´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´àµà´
à´à´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´¾à´¯à´¿à´°àµà´¨àµà´¨àµ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -271,12 +301,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"സിസàµà´±àµà´±à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´²àµ à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°
à´¸àµà´«àµà´±àµà´±àµâà´µàµà´¯à´±à´¿à´²àµà´¯àµà´àµà´àµàµ
പലരàµà´ വിലപàµà´ªàµà´àµà´ à´¸à´à´à´¾à´µà´¨à´à´³àµâ
നലàµâà´à´¿à´¯à´¿à´àµà´àµà´£àµà´àµàµ, "
"à´
വരàµà´²àµà´²à´¾à´µà´°àµà´ à´à´¤à´¿à´¨àµàµ à´
à´à´à´¿à´à´¾à´°à´ à´
à´°àµâഹിയàµà´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨àµà´£àµà´àµàµ. à´ªà´àµà´·àµ
à´à´ªà´¯àµà´à´ªàµà´°à´¦à´®à´¾à´¯ à´à´°àµ à´àµà´àµà´à´
à´ªàµà´°àµà´àµà´°à´¾à´®àµà´à´³àµà´àµ "
@@ -312,9 +342,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -329,8 +359,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"à´à´¾à´àµà´¯à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´¨àµàµ, ലിനà´àµà´¸àµ
à´²à´àµà´¯à´®à´¾à´¯à´¿à´°àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤àµàµ à´à´¾à´°à´£à´,
à´à´àµà´à´³àµâà´àµà´àµàµ ഹരàµâഡിനായി
à´à´¾à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´°à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´àµà´£àµà´à´¿
വനàµà´¨à´¿à´²àµà´². "
"1992 à´²àµâ ലിനസൠà´àµà´°àµâവാളàµâà´¡àµà´¸àµ
ലിനà´àµà´¸àµ
à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°à´®à´¾à´àµà´à´¿à´¯à´¤àµà´àµ à´
à´¦àµà´¦àµà´¹à´ à´
വസാനതàµà´¤àµ വലിയ വിà´à´µàµà´ "
@@ -340,16 +370,37 @@
"സാധിà´àµà´àµ. à´àµà´°àµà´àµà´à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´²àµâ
à´àµà´¨àµ/ലിനà´àµà´¸àµ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"à´
à´µ à´àµà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤àµàµ
വയàµà´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤àµà´°àµ നിസാര
പണിയായിരàµà´¨àµà´¨à´¿à´²àµà´². à´à´¿à´² à´àµà´¨àµ
à´à´à´à´àµà´à´³àµâà´àµà´àµàµ <a href="
"\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> ലിനà´àµà´¸àµà´®à´¾à´¯à´¿
à´àµà´°àµâà´¨àµà´¨àµàµ
à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´àµà´¨àµà´¨à´¤à´¿à´¨àµàµ
à´µàµcà´£àµà´à´¿ സാരമായ "
@@ -497,11 +548,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -514,10 +566,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"നിà´àµà´à´³àµâà´àµà´àµàµ
“à´àµà´¨àµ/ലിനà´àµà´¸à´¿à´¨àµà´àµà´àµà´±à´¿à´àµà´àµàµ”
à´àµà´àµà´¤à´²àµâ വിവരതàµà´¤à´¿à´¨à´¾à´¯à´¿ à´¸àµà´à´¿à´
à´àµà´°àµâà´àµà´à´£à´®àµà´àµà´à´¿à´²àµâ à´ "
"à´²àµà´à´¨à´µàµà´ <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-";
@@ -533,9 +585,10 @@
# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was non[---]free in the 80s, but became free
-# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists today<a
-# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the
-# | GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
@@ -548,9 +601,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"à´àµà´¨àµà´µà´¿à´¨àµàµ à´ªàµà´±à´®àµ à´µàµà´°àµà´°àµ
à´¸à´à´°à´à´à´µàµà´ à´à´°àµ à´¸àµà´µà´¤à´¨àµà´¤àµà´°à´®à´¾à´¯
à´¯àµà´£à´¿à´àµà´¸àµ-à´ªàµà´²àµà´³àµà´³
à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´ à´¸à´à´µà´¿à´§à´¾à´¨à´
à´à´±àµà´±à´¯àµà´àµà´àµàµ "
"നിരàµâà´®àµà´®à´¿à´àµà´à´¿à´àµà´àµà´£àµà´àµàµ.
à´¯àµà´¸à´¿ à´¬àµà´°àµâà´àµà´à´¿à´²à´¿à´¯à´¿à´²àµâ
വിà´à´¸à´¿à´ªàµà´ªà´¿à´àµà´àµà´àµà´¤àµà´¤ à´
സിസàµà´±àµà´±à´ ബിà´à´¸àµà´¡à´¿ "
@@ -560,6 +613,27 @@
"സിസàµà´±àµà´±à´®àµ à´à´£àµàµ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -568,8 +642,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"à´àµà´¨àµ/ലിനà´àµà´¸àµ à´ªàµà´²àµ
ബിà´à´¸àµà´¡à´¿à´¯àµà´ à´àµà´¨àµà´µà´¿à´¨àµà´±àµ à´à´°àµ
പതിപàµà´ªà´¾à´£àµ à´à´¨àµà´¨àµàµ à´à´³àµà´à´³àµâ
à´à´¿à´²à´ªàµà´ªàµà´³àµâ
à´àµà´¦à´¿à´¯àµà´àµà´à´¾à´±àµà´£àµà´àµàµ. à´àµà´¨àµ "
"à´¸à´à´°à´à´à´¤àµà´¤à´¿à´¨àµà´±àµ മാതàµà´à´¯à´¿à´²àµâ
നിനàµà´¨àµàµ à´à´µàµà´¶à´®àµà´³àµâà´àµà´àµà´£àµà´àµà´,
à´àµà´¨àµ à´ªàµà´°à´µà´°àµâà´¤àµà´¤à´à´°àµà´àµ à´¤àµà´±à´¨àµà´¨
à´
à´àµà´¯à´°àµâà´¤àµà´¥à´¨à´®à´¾à´¨à´¿à´àµà´àµà´ à´à´£àµàµ "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.nl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.nl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.26
retrieving revision 1.27
diff -u -b -r1.26 -r1.27
--- po/linux-and-gnu.nl-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.26
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.nl-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.27
@@ -12,15 +12,23 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">Linux</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Linux</em></ins></span> and the GNU System</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -136,11 +144,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -158,13 +167,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -211,9 +222,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,8 +250,9 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
-href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
+href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 <span
class="removed"><del><strong>class="footnote">Notes</h3></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
@@ -348,7 +361,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.nl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.nl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.40
retrieving revision 1.41
diff -u -b -r1.40 -r1.41
--- po/linux-and-gnu.nl.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.40
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.41
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Justin van Steijn <jvs@fsfe.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Dutch\n"
@@ -262,6 +262,36 @@
"om <em>een compleet vrij systeem te ontwikkelen, lijkend op Unix</em>: GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -269,12 +299,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Velen hebben enorm bijgedragen aan de vrije software in het systeem en "
"allemaal verdienen ze het om genoemd te worden. Maar de reden waarom het "
@@ -310,9 +340,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -327,8 +357,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Gelukkig hoefden we door toedoen van Linux niet te wachten op de Hurd. Nadat "
"Torvalds Linux in 1992 had bevrijd vormde dit het laatste stukje van de "
@@ -339,16 +369,37 @@
"systeem."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"De twee combineren klinkt eenvoudig genoeg maar was niet zo makkelijk. "
"Sommige onderdelen<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> van GNU moesten "
@@ -475,11 +526,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -492,10 +544,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Wanneer je een link naar “GNU/Linux” aan wilt maken ter "
"referentie, dan zijn dit artikel en <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> "
@@ -509,13 +561,28 @@
msgstr "Aanvullingen"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Behalve GNU is er nog één ander project dat onafhankelijk een "
"vrij besturingssysteem heeft gemaakt dat lijkt op Unix. Dit systeem kent men "
@@ -525,6 +592,27 @@
"tegenwoordig altijd een variant op het GNU systeem of op BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -533,8 +621,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Mensen vragen weleens of BSD ook een versie van GNU is, net als GNU/Linux. "
"De ontwikkelaars van BSD werden geïnspireerd door het voorbeeld van het "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.pl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/linux-and-gnu.pl-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.7
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.pl-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.8
@@ -12,15 +12,23 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">Linux</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>Linux</em></ins></span> and the GNU System</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -136,11 +144,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -158,13 +167,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -211,9 +222,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,8 +250,9 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
-href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
+href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 <span
class="removed"><del><strong>class="footnote">Notes</h3></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
@@ -348,7 +361,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.pl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.56
retrieving revision 1.57
diff -u -b -r1.56 -r1.57
--- po/linux-and-gnu.pl.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.56
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.57
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-01-26 17:31-0600\n"
"Last-Translator: Jan Owoc <jsowoc AT gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Polish <www-pl-trans@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -268,6 +268,36 @@
"zaprojektowaÄ <em>kompletny wolny system uniksopodobny</em>: GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -275,12 +305,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Wiele osób wniosÅo istotny wkÅad w wolne oprogramowanie
w systemie "
"i wszyscy oni zasÅugujÄ
za to na uznanie. Lecz powodem "
@@ -318,9 +348,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -335,8 +365,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Na szczÄÅcie nie musieliÅmy czekaÄ na Hurd,
ponieważ powstaŠ"
"Linux. Gdy Torvalds uwolniÅ Linuksa w 1992 roku, zapeÅniÅ ostatniÄ
dużÄ
"
@@ -347,16 +377,37 @@
"system GNU/Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"PoÅÄ
czenie caÅej pracy nie byÅo trywialnÄ
rzeczÄ
. Niektóre komponenty
GNU <a "
"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> potrzebowaÅy istotnych zmian do "
@@ -485,11 +536,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -502,10 +554,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Jeżeli chcecie dodaÄ odnoÅnik z informacjami na temat
„"
"GNU/Linuksa”, ta strona oraz <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html"
@@ -519,13 +571,28 @@
msgstr "Postscriptum"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"OdbiegajÄ
c od GNU, pewien inny projekt zostaŠniezależnie
wyprodukowany "
"jako wolny system operacyjny uniksopodobny. System znany jest jako BSD "
@@ -536,6 +603,27 @@
"systemu BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -544,8 +632,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ludzie zazwyczaj pytajÄ
, czy BSD jest także wersjÄ
GNU, coÅ jak GNU/"
"Linux. Deweloperzy BSD zostali zainspirowani aby uwolniÄ ich kod "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.40
retrieving revision 1.41
diff -u -b -r1.40 -r1.41
--- po/linux-and-gnu.pot 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.40
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.41
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -146,12 +146,13 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a "
-"href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, "
-"because a complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system "
+"without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became "
+"popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that "
+"are not tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even "
+"developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+"too."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
@@ -171,22 +172,22 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a "
"href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
"
-"combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — "
-"a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux "
-"system, in other words."
+"combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system—a "
+"version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, "
+"in other words."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
@@ -236,8 +237,8 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> "
-"https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> "
+"https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you "
"mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a "
"href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL "
"to use."
@@ -252,8 +253,8 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free "
"Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was "
"developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the "
-"early 90s. A free operating system that exists today<a "
-"href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the "
+"early 90s. A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the "
"GNU system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
@@ -266,8 +267,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a "
-"href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- po/linux-and-gnu.pt-br.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.31
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.32
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-05 09:14-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -208,6 +208,21 @@
"desenvolver <em>um sistema operacional livre similar ao Unix</em>: GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -215,12 +230,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Muitas pessoas fizeram grandes contribuições para o software livre no "
"sistema, e todos eles merecem crédito por seus softwares. Mas a razão pela "
@@ -254,13 +269,22 @@
"de forma geral."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
+#| "Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
+#| "system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+#| "historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the "
+#| "GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the "
+#| "GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other "
+#| "words."
msgid ""
"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Felizmente, não precisamos esperar pelo Hurd, por causa do Linux. Assim que "
"Torvalds escreveu o Linux, este preencheu a última grande lacuna no sistema "
@@ -270,16 +294,27 @@
"sistema GNU contendo também o Linux. O sistema GNU/Linux, em outras
palavras."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Fazer os dois funcionarem bem juntos não foi uma tarefa trivial. Alguns "
"componentes GNU<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> precisaram de alterações
"
@@ -369,12 +404,20 @@
"por favor chame-a de âGNU/Linuxâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further "
+#| "reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://";
+#| "www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+#| "mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, "
+#| "<a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a "
+#| "good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Se você deseja fazer um link sobre âGNU/Linuxâ para posterior
referência, "
"essa página e <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
@@ -388,13 +431,21 @@
msgstr "Observações"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Ã parte do GNU, um outro projeto desenvolveu um sistema livre similar ao "
"Unix. Este sistema é conhecido como BSD, e foi desenvolvido na Universidade "
@@ -404,6 +455,17 @@
"ou um tipo de sistema BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -412,8 +474,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Pessoas algumas vezes perguntam se BSD também é uma versão do GNU, como o "
"GNU/Linux. Os desenvolvedores do BSD se inspiraram para fazer o código de "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ro.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ro.po,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ro.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.17
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ro.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.18
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -337,12 +337,14 @@
# | make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make a
# | <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found, wrote, or
# | found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential but
-# | unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't
+# | [-unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't
# | have a system without them. Some of our system components, the
# | programming tools, became popular on their own among programmers, but we
-# | wrote many components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.
-# | We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
-# | games too.
+# | wrote many components that are not [-tools <a
+# | href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-] {+tools <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess,
+# | because a complete system needs games too.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
@@ -365,12 +367,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"MulÈi oameni au fÄcut contribuÈii majore la software-ul liber din sistem
Èi "
"ei toÈi meritÄ sÄ le acordÄm credit. Dar motivul pentru care el este
<em>un "
@@ -427,9 +429,9 @@
# | [-gap.-] {+gap in the GNU system.+} People could then [-put-] {+<a
# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | combine+} Linux [-together-] with the GNU [-system-] {+system</a>+} to
-# | make a complete free [-system:-] {+system —+} a [-Linux-based-]
-# | version of the GNU [-system; the-] {+system which also contained Linux.
-# | The+} GNU/Linux system, [-for short. The <a
+# | make a complete free [-system: a Linux-based-] {+system—a+} version
+# | of the GNU [-system; the-] {+system which also contained Linux. The+}
+# | GNU/Linux system, [-for short. The <a
# |
href=\"http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
# | earliest Linux release notes</a> recognized that Linux was a kernel, used
# | with parts of GNU: “Most of the tools used with linux are GNU
@@ -452,8 +454,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Din fericire d-voastrÄ nu a trebuit sÄ aÈteptaÈi pentru Hurd, pentru cÄ "
"Linux a fost disponibil. Când Linus Torvalds a scris Linux el a umplut "
@@ -469,8 +471,9 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | [-Putting-]{+Making+} them {+work well+} together [-sounds simple, but
-# | it-] was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a
-# | href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with
+# | it-] was not a trivial job. Some GNU [-components<a
+# | href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change to work with
# | Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work
# | “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing
# | the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not
@@ -489,15 +492,15 @@
#| "that point. The people who developed the various system distributions "
#| "made a substantial contribution."
msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"A le pune laolaltÄ sunÄ simplu, dar nu a fost o treabÄ elementarÄ. Unele "
"componente GNUÂ <a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> au avut nevoie de "
@@ -574,11 +577,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.org/linux\";>http://foldoc.org/linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
#, fuzzy
@@ -591,10 +595,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"DacÄ doriÈi sÄ creeaÈi o legÄturÄ despre âGNU/Linuxâ pentru
viitoare "
"referinÈe, aceastÄ paginÄ Èi <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
http://";
@@ -612,9 +616,9 @@
# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was non[---]free in the 80s, but became free
-# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today-] {+today<a
-# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
-# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+# | in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today-]
+# | {+today <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost
+# | certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
@@ -626,9 +630,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Pe lângÄ GNU, un alt proiect a dezvoltat în mod independent un sistem de "
"operare similar Unix-ului. Acest sistem este cunoscut ca BSD, Èi a fost "
@@ -645,7 +649,8 @@
# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
-# | the [-situation.-] {+situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>+}
+# | the [-situation.-] {+situation <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
@@ -665,8 +670,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Oamenii întreabÄ uneori dacÄ BSD este de asemenea o versiune de GNU, cum "
"este GNU/Linux. Programatorii BSD au fost inspiraÈi sÄ facÄ codul lor "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.77
retrieving revision 1.78
diff -u -b -r1.77 -r1.78
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ru.po 11 Oct 2021 10:32:10 -0000 1.77
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.78
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-10-11 17:17+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
#. type: Content of: <title>
@@ -224,6 +225,36 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the
+# | system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it
+# | is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of useful
+# | programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made
+# | a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and
+# | we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the
+# | list. We wrote essential but [-unexciting <a
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't have a system
+# | without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
+# | became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
+# | components that are not [-tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-]
+# | {+tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even
+# | developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games
+# | too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -231,12 +262,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Ðногие Ñделали ÑеÑÑезнÑй вклад в
ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑÑой ÑиÑÑемÑ, и вÑе они
"
"заÑлÑживаÑÑ Ð¿ÑизнаÑелÑноÑÑи за Ñвои
пÑогÑаммÑ. Ðо пÑиÑина, по коÑоÑой ÑÑо "
@@ -270,13 +301,29 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once
+# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
+# | system. People could then <a
+# |
href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\";>
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
+#| "Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
+#| "system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+#| "historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the "
+#| "GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the "
+#| "GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other "
+#| "words."
msgid ""
"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Ð ÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, благодаÑÑ Linux нам не пÑиÑлоÑÑ
ждаÑÑ Hurd. Ðогда ТоÑвалÑÐ´Ñ "
"оÑвободил Linux в 1992 годÑ, ÑÑо заполнило
поÑледний ÑеÑÑезнÑй пÑобел в "
@@ -286,16 +333,37 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+# | Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
+# | [-components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change
+# | to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that
+# | would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required
+# | addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem
+# | we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the
+# | people who developed the various system distributions did a lot of
+# | essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely
+# | going to be done by someone.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"ÐаÑÑавиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
как ÑледÑÐµÑ ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð²Ð¼ÐµÑÑе
не бÑло пÑоÑÑой задаÑей. ÐекоÑоÑÑе "
"компоненÑÑ GNU<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>
ÑÑебовали ÑÑÑеÑÑвеннÑÑ
"
@@ -385,12 +453,28 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a
+# | good URL to use.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further "
+#| "reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://";
+#| "www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+#| "mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, "
+#| "<a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a "
+#| "good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ñ
оÑиÑе ÑоÑлаÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑпÑавок на
“GNU/Linux”, ÑÑа "
"ÑÑÑаниÑа и <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-";
@@ -405,13 +489,28 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
+# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
+# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today<a
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>-] {+today <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
+# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑоме GNU бÑл еÑе один пÑоекÑ, коÑоÑÑй
незавиÑимо пÑоизвел ÑвободнÑÑ "
"опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñипа Unix. ÐÑа ÑиÑÑема
извеÑÑна как BSD, она бÑла "
@@ -423,6 +522,27 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux.
+# | The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the
+# | example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU activists helped
+# | persuade them, but the code had little overlap with GNU. BSD systems
+# | today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use
+# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
+# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
+# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -431,8 +551,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðногда ÑпÑаÑиваÑÑ, ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ BSD Ñоже
веÑÑией GNU, подобно GNU/Linux. "
"РазÑабоÑÑики BSD Ñделали Ñвои пÑогÑаммÑ
ÑвободнÑми, ÑледÑÑ Ð¿ÑимеÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑа "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.sq.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.sq.po,v
retrieving revision 1.86
retrieving revision 1.87
diff -u -b -r1.86 -r1.87
--- po/linux-and-gnu.sq.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.86
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.sq.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.87
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-07 14:06+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Besnik Bleta <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
"Language-Team: \n"
@@ -207,6 +207,21 @@
"të ndërtuar <em>një sistem krejt të lirë të ngjashëm me Unix-in</em>:
GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -214,12 +229,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Mjaft vetë kanë dhënë kontribut të rëndësishëm për software-in e
lirë te "
"sistemi, dhe të tërë e meritojnë tâu jepet haka për software-in e
tyre. Por "
@@ -252,13 +267,22 @@
"rrugë derisa të jetë gati për përdorim të përgjithshëm."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
+#| "Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
+#| "system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+#| "historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the "
+#| "GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the "
+#| "GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other "
+#| "words."
msgid ""
"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Për fat, falë Linux-it, sâna u desh të pritnim Hurd-in. Sapo Torvalds e
"
"kaloi të lirë Linux-in, më 1992, ky zinte vendin e fundit të zbrazët te "
@@ -269,16 +293,27 @@
"sistemin GNU/Linux."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Përputhja e tyre, që të punonin mirë tok, nuk qe punë e lehtë. Disa "
"përbërës GNU<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> lypnin ndryshime
thelbësore "
@@ -369,12 +404,20 @@
"ndërthurje, ju lutemi, quajeni âGNU/Linuxâ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further "
+#| "reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://";
+#| "www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+#| "mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, "
+#| "<a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a "
+#| "good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Nëse doni të krijoni një lidhje te âGNU/Linuxâ, për referencë të
mëtejshme, "
"kjo faqe dhe <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
@@ -388,13 +431,21 @@
msgstr "PS"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"Përveç GNU-së, një tjetër projekt ka prodhuar në mënyrë të pavarur
një "
"sistem operativ të lirë të ngjashëm me Unix-in. Ky sistem njihet si BSD,
"
@@ -404,6 +455,17 @@
"GNU, ose ndonjë lloj sistemi BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -412,8 +474,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ndonjëherë njerëzit pyesin nëse edhe BSD-ja është version i GNU-së, si
GNU/"
"Linux-i. Zhvilluesit e BSD-së u frymëzuan nga shembulli i Projektit GNU
kur "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.sr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.sr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.54
retrieving revision 1.55
diff -u -b -r1.54 -r1.55
--- po/linux-and-gnu.sr.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.54
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.sr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.55
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-10-17 17:55+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Strahinya Radich <vilinkamen@mail.ru>\n"
"Language-Team: Serbian <www-sr-dev@lists.gnu.org>\n"
@@ -240,6 +240,21 @@
"ÑиÑÑем</em>: ÐÐУ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -247,12 +262,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Ðноги ÑÑди ÑÑ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑаÑно допÑинели
Ñлободном ÑоÑÑвеÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ñи Ñини ÑиÑÑем, и Ñви "
"они заÑлÑжÑÑÑ Ð´Ð° им Ñе ода пÑизнаÑе. Ðли
Ñазлог због кога Ñе ÐÐУ "
@@ -305,8 +320,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"СÑеÑом, ниÑмо моÑали да Ñекамо ÐÑдо, ÑеÑ
Ð²ÐµÑ Ð±Ð¸Ð¾ доÑÑÑпан ÐинÑкÑ. ÐапиÑавÑи "
"ÐинÑкÑ, ÐинÑÑ Ð¢Ð¾ÑÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð´Ñ Ñе попÑнио
знаÑаÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½Ð¸Ð½Ñ Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐÐУ. ÐÑди ÑÑ "
@@ -316,16 +331,27 @@
"ÑиÑÑем ÐÐУ Ñа ÐинÑкÑом."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"ÐмогÑÑаваÑе да они добÑо ÑÑнкÑиониÑÑ
заÑедно ниÑе био лак поÑао. Ðеке делове "
"ÐÐУ-а <a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> Ñе било поÑÑебно
коÑениÑо меÑаÑи "
@@ -463,10 +489,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Уколико негде желиÑе да поменеÑе Ð²ÐµÐ·Ñ (Ñ
ÑмиÑÐ»Ñ Ð²ÐµÐ± ÑÑÑаниÑе) ка âÐÐУ-Ñ Ñа "
"ÐинÑкÑомâ, добÑи избоÑи ÑÑ Ð¾Ð²Ð° ÑÑÑаниÑа и
ÑÑÑаниÑа <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-"
@@ -482,13 +508,21 @@
msgstr "ÐодаÑак"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑед ÐÐУ-а, ÑÐ¾Ñ Ñедан пÑоÑÐµÐºÐ°Ñ Ñе
незавиÑно пÑоизвео Ñлободан ÑникÑолики "
"опеÑаÑивни ÑиÑÑем. ÐÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑем Ñе познаÑ
под називом ÐСÐ, а ÑазвиÑен Ñе на "
@@ -498,6 +532,17 @@
"ÑиÑÑема ÐСÐ."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -506,8 +551,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐºÐ°Ð´ пиÑаÑÑ Ð´Ð° ли Ñе и ÐСÐ
Ñедна веÑзиÑа ÐÐУ-а, као ÑÑо Ñе Ñо "
"ÐÐУ Ñа ÐинÑкÑом. ÐÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑ ÐÑоÑекÑа ÐÐУ Ñе
инÑпиÑиÑао гÑадиÑеÑе ÐСÐ-а да ÑиÑ
ов "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.ta.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.ta.po,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/linux-and-gnu.ta.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:55 -0000 1.11
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.ta.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.12
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -328,12 +328,14 @@
# | make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make a
# | <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found, wrote, or
# | found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential but
-# | unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't
+# | [-unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a>-] {+unexciting <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#unexciting\">[1]</a>+} components because you can't
# | have a system without them. Some of our system components, the
# | programming tools, became popular on their own among programmers, but we
-# | wrote many components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.
-# | We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
-# | [-good-] games too.
+# | wrote many components that are not [-tools <a
+# | href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>.-] {+tools <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>.+} We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess,
+# | because a complete system needs [-good-] games too.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
@@ -356,12 +358,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"à®
à®®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®²à¯à®³à¯à®³ à®à®à¯à®à®±à¯à®±
à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯ பலரà¯
பà®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®³à¯à®³à®©à®°à¯. à®
வரà¯à®à®³à¯ à®
னà¯à®µà®°à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ நனà¯à®®à®¤à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®²à¯ "
"பà®à¯à®à¯à®£à¯à®à¯. à®à¯à®©à¯ திà®à¯à®à®®à¯ à®à®°à¯
à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®£à¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯ பà®à¯à® à®
à®®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®©à¯ à®à®°à¯à®µà®¾à®à¯à® à®®à¯à®©à¯à®¨à¯à®¤
à®à®¾à®°à®£à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾à®²à¯ à®
த௠"
@@ -414,9 +416,9 @@
# | Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU
# | system. People could then <a
# |
href=\"http{+s+}://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\">
-# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-# | — a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
-# | GNU/Linux system, in other words.
+# | combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free [-system
+# | — a-] {+system—a+} version of the GNU system which also
+# | contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
@@ -431,8 +433,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"லினà®à¯à®¸à¯ à®à®¿à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤
à®à®¾à®°à®£à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®©à®¾à®²à¯, à®
திரà¯à®·à¯à® வà®à®®à®¾à®,
நாà®à¯à®à®³à¯ ஹரà¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à®¾à®
à®à®¾à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à¯à®à¯à® வà¯à®£à¯à®à®¿à®¯ "
"à®
வà®à®¿à®¯à®®à¯ à®à®²à¯à®²à®¾à®¤à¯ பà¯à®©à®¤à¯.
லினà®à¯à®¸à®¿à®©à¯ லà¯à®©à®¸à¯
à®à¯à®°à¯à®µà®¾à®²à¯à®à¯à®¸à¯ à®à®¯à®±à¯à®±à®¿à®¯à®ªà¯
பà¯à®´à¯à®¤à¯ à®à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®¾à® à®à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®¤ "
@@ -447,8 +449,9 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | [-Putting-]{+Making+} them {+work well+} together [-sounds simple, but
-# | it-] was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a
-# | href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with
+# | it-] was not a trivial job. Some GNU [-components<a
+# | href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a>-] {+components <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a>+} needed substantial change to work with
# | Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work
# | “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing
# | the issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not
@@ -467,15 +470,15 @@
#| "that point. The people who developed the various system distributions "
#| "made a substantial contribution."
msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"à®à®µà®±à¯à®±à¯ à®à®©à¯à®±à®¾à® à®à¯à®°à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à¯
à®à¯à®à¯à®ªà®¤à®±à¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à¯à®²à®®à®¾à®
à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯, à®
த௠à®
திà®
à®®à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®µà®®à¯ à®à®²à¯à®²à®¾à®¤ "
"பணியா஠à®à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à¯ விà®à®µà®¿à®²à¯à®²à¯.
லினà®à¯à®¸à¯à®à®©à¯ பணியாறà¯à®±à¯à®®à¯
பà¯à®°à¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à®¿à®² à®à¯à®©à¯
பாà®à®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯<a href="
@@ -596,11 +599,12 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-# | reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
-# | http{+s+}://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If
-# | you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
-# | reference, <a
-# | [-href=\"http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Linux\";>
+# | reference, this page and <a [-href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">
+# | http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\">
+# | https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a>+} are good choices. If you
+# | mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference,
+# | <a [-href=\"http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Linux\";>
# | http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Linux</a>-]
# | {+href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a>+} is a
# | good URL to use.
@@ -614,10 +618,10 @@
#| "foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"à®®à¯à®±à¯à®à¯à®³à®¿à®à¯à®®à¯ பà¯à®°à¯à®à¯à®à¯
âà®à¯à®©à¯/ லினà®à¯à®¸à¯à®à¯à®à¯â தாà®à¯à®à®³à¯
à®à®£à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®©à¯ வழà®à¯à® விழà¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¾à®²à¯,
à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®®à¯à®®à¯ "
"<a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-";
@@ -636,9 +640,9 @@
# | Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free
# | Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was
# | developed at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in
-# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today-] {+today<a
-# | href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a>+} is almost certainly either a variant of
-# | the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
+# | the early 90s. A free operating system that exists [-today-]
+# | {+today <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#newersystems\">[4]</a>+} is almost
+# | certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
@@ -650,9 +654,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"à®à¯à®©à¯à®µà®¿à®©à¯à®¤à¯ தவிர, வà¯à®±à¯à®°à¯à®¤à¯
திà®à¯à®à®®à¯à®®à¯ à®à¯à®¯à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®¯à®¾à®
à®à®à¯à®à®±à¯à®± யà¯à®©à®¿à®à¯à®¸à¯ பà¯à®©à¯à®±à®¤à¯à®°à¯ "
"à®à®¯à®à¯à®à¯à®¤à®³à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®©à¯à®ªà¯
à®à®°à¯à®µà®¾à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à¯à®³à¯à®³à®¤à¯. à®à®¤à¯
பி.à®à®¸à¯.à®à®¿ à®à®© வழà®à¯à®à®ªà¯
பà®à¯à®à®¿à®©à¯à®±à®¤à¯. à®à®¤à¯ யà¯.à®à®¿ "
@@ -669,7 +673,8 @@
# | some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different
# | systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a
# | kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit
-# | the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">([-4-]{+5+})</a>
+# | the [-situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(4)</a>-] {+situation <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
@@ -689,8 +694,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"பி.à®à®¸à¯.à®à®¿à®¯à¯à®®à¯ à®à¯à®©à¯à®µà®¿à®©à¯
வழிவà®à¯à®¤à®¾à®©à®¾ à®à®© à®®à®à¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®¿à®²à®à¯
à®à®®à®¯à®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯ à®à¯à®à¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®£à¯à®à¯.
தà®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®©à¯ "
"நிரலà¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®à¯à®à®±à¯à®±à®¤à®¾à®à¯à®
பி.à®à®¸à¯.à®à®¿à®¯à¯ à®à®°à¯à®µà®¾à®à¯à®à¯à®µà¯à®°à¯
à®à¯à®©à¯ திà®à¯à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®©à¯
à®à®¤à®¾à®°à®£à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®©à®¾à®²à¯ à®à®¨à¯à®¤à®ªà¯ "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.12
retrieving revision 1.13
diff -u -b -r1.12 -r1.13
--- po/linux-and-gnu.tr.po 14 Oct 2021 19:42:21 -0000 1.12
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.13
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-10-14 21:17+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: T. E. Kalayci <tekrei@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Turkish <www-tr-comm@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.2\n"
@@ -203,6 +204,21 @@
"benzeri sistem</em> geliÅtirmeyi amaçlıyordu: GNU'yu."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -210,12 +226,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"Birçok kiÅi sistemdeki özgür yazılıma büyük katkılarda bulundu ve
hepsi "
"kendi yazılımları için övgüyü hak ediyor. Ancak bunun sadece yararlı "
@@ -247,13 +263,22 @@
"baÅladı</a> ancak insanların genel kullanımına hazır olmaktan çok
uzaktı."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
+#| "Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
+#| "system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+#| "historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the "
+#| "GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the "
+#| "GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other "
+#| "words."
msgid ""
"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Neyse ki Linux sayesinde Hurd'u beklemek zorunda deÄildik. Torvalds 1992'de "
"Linux'u yayımladıktan sonra GNU sistemindeki son büyük boÅluÄu
kapatmıŠ"
@@ -263,16 +288,27 @@
"GNU sistemi sürümü. BaÅka bir deyiÅle GNU/Linux sistemi."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"Birlikte iyi çalıÅmalarını saÄlamak önemsiz bir iÅ deÄildi. Bazı
GNU "
"bileÅenleri<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> Linux ile çalıÅmak için "
@@ -354,12 +390,20 @@
"lütfen “GNU/Linux” olarak adlandırın."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further "
+#| "reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://";
+#| "www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+#| "mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, "
+#| "<a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a "
+#| "good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"Daha fazla referans için “GNU/Linux” hakkında bir baÄlantı "
"vermek istiyorsanız bu sayfa ve <a
href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">http://";
@@ -373,13 +417,21 @@
msgstr "Dipnotlar"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"GNU dıÅında baÅka bir proje de baÄımsız olarak özgür bir Unix
benzeri "
"iÅletim sistemi üretti. Bu sistem BSD olarak bilinir ve UC Berkeley'de "
@@ -389,6 +441,17 @@
"sistemidir."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -397,8 +460,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"İnsanlar bazen BSD'nin de GNU/Linux gibi bir GNU sürümü olup
olmadıÄını "
"soruyorlar. BSD geliÅtiricileri; GNU Projesi örneÄinden, kodlarını
özgür bir "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.uk-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.uk-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- po/linux-and-gnu.uk-diff.html 11 Oct 2021 09:34:56 -0000 1.10
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.uk-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.11
@@ -12,23 +12,31 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.84</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Linux and GNU
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation,
Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU
HURD, Hurd" />
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free
Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to
share and improve the software they use." />
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>Linux and the GNU System</h2>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>For more information see also
-the</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux
FAQ</a>,
+the <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>,
and <a href="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</a></p>
</blockquote>
</div></strong></del></span>
@@ -133,11 +141,12 @@
to make it one. We made a list of the programs needed to make
a <em>complete</em> free system, and we systematically found,
wrote,
or found people to write everything on the list. We wrote essential
-but unexciting
-<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a> components because you can't have a
system
+but <span class="removed"><del><strong>unexciting
+<a href="#unexciting">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>unexciting <a class="ftn"
href="#unexciting">[1]</a></em></ins></span> components
+because you can't have a system
without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools,
became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many
-components that are not tools <a href="#nottools">(2)</a>. We
even
+components that are not <span class="removed"><del><strong>tools <a
href="#nottools">(2)</a>.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>tools <a class="ftn"
href="#nottools">[2]</a>.</em></ins></span> We even
developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs
games too.</p>
@@ -155,13 +164,15 @@
Once Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in
the GNU system. People could
then <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01"></em></ins></span>
-combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free system
-— a version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
+combine Linux with the GNU system</a> to make a complete free <span
class="removed"><del><strong>system
+— a</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>system—a</em></ins></span>
+version of the GNU system which also contained Linux. The
GNU/Linux system, in other words.</p>
<p>
Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU
-components<a href="#somecomponents">(3)</a> needed substantial
change
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>components<a
href="#somecomponents">(3)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>components <a class="ftn"
href="#somecomponents">[3]</a></em></ins></span> needed substantial
change
to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution
that would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It
required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the
@@ -209,9 +220,9 @@
<p>
If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further
-reference, this page and <a href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong>http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
-<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></em></ins></span>
are good choices. If
+reference, this page and <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/the-gnu-project.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">
+https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html</a></em></ins></span> are
good choices. If
you mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further
reference, <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://foldoc.org/linux">http://foldoc.org/linux</a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://foldoc.org/linux">https://foldoc.org/linux</a></em></ins></span>
is a good URL to use.</p>
@@ -226,7 +237,8 @@
a free Unix-like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and
it was developed at UC Berkeley. It was <span
class="removed"><del><strong>non-free</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>nonfree</em></ins></span> in the 80s, but
became free in the early 90s. A free operating system that exists
-today<a href="#newersystems">(4)</a> is almost certainly either a
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>today<a
href="#newersystems">(4)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>today <a class="ftn"
href="#newersystems">[4]</a></em></ins></span> is almost certainly
either a
variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD system.</p>
<p>
@@ -238,11 +250,12 @@
system and its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as
wholes, they are two different systems that evolved separately. The
BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system,
-and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a
+and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>situation.<a
href="#gnubsd">(5)</a></p>
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
+<h3>Notes:</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>situation <a class="ftn"
+href="#gnubsd">[5]</a>.</p>
+<div class="column-limit"></div>
<h3 class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<ol>
@@ -350,7 +363,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/11 09:34:56 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- po/linux-and-gnu.uk.po 11 Oct 2021 09:34:56 -0000 1.32
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.33
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-12-10 09:03+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <>\n"
@@ -236,6 +236,21 @@
"ÑозÑобиÑи <em>Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑйнÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ Unix</em>: GNU."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -243,12 +258,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"ÐагаÑо оÑÑб зÑобили ÑеÑйозний внеÑок Ñ
вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами ÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми, Ñ Ð²ÑÑ "
"вони заÑлÑговÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð´ÑÑноÑÑÑ Ð·Ð° ÑвоÑ
пÑогÑами. Ðле пÑиÑина, по ÑкÑй Ñе Ñ "
@@ -295,8 +310,8 @@
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"Ðа ÑаÑÑÑ, завдÑки Linux нам не довелоÑÑ
ÑекаÑи Hurd. Ðоли ТоÑвалÑÐ´Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿ÑÑÑив "
"Linux в 1992 ÑоÑÑ, Ñе заповнило оÑÑаннÑй
ÑеÑйозний пÑобÑл Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
@@ -305,16 +320,27 @@
"Linux; ÑнÑими Ñловами, ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU/Linux. "
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"ÐмÑÑиÑи ÑÑ
пÑаÑÑваÑи Ñазом не бÑло
пÑоÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑеÑ. ÐеÑÐºÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñи GNU<a "
"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> вимагали ÑÑÑоÑниÑ
змÑн,
Ñоб вони пÑаÑÑваÑи "
@@ -435,10 +461,10 @@
#| "URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"ЯкÑо ви Ñ
оÑеÑе поÑлаÑиÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ñдок на
“GNU/Linux”, ÑÑÑÑоÑÑнка "
"Ñ <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-";
@@ -463,9 +489,9 @@
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑм GNU, бÑв Ñе один пÑоекÑ, Ñкий ÑÑвоÑив
незалежно вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ "
"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ Unix. Ð¦Ñ ÑиÑÑема вÑдома Ñк BSD.
Ðона бÑла ÑозÑоблена в "
@@ -475,6 +501,17 @@
"майже напевно Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑÑанÑом ÑиÑÑеми GNU, або
ÑÑзновидом ÑиÑÑеми BSD."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -483,8 +520,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐÐ½Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑÑÑÑ, Ñи Ñ BSD Ñакож веÑÑÑÑÑ GNU,
подÑбно GNU/Linux. РозÑобники "
"BSD зÑобили ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами вÑлÑними,
наÑлÑдÑÑÑи пÑиклад пÑоекÑÑ GNU, Ñ "
Index: po/linux-and-gnu.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/linux-and-gnu.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/linux-and-gnu.zh-cn.po 12 Oct 2021 02:31:34 -0000 1.15
+++ po/linux-and-gnu.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.16
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: linux-and-gnu.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-10-11 09:26+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-10-12 09:55+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Linux and GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -182,6 +183,21 @@
"个å®å
¨èªç±ç类似Unixçç³»ç»</em>ï¼GNUã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
+#| "system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason "
+#| "it is <em>an integrated system</em>—and not just a collection of "
+#| "useful programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. "
+#| "We made a list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free "
+#| "system, and we systematically found, wrote, or found people to write "
+#| "everything on the list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href="
+#| "\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> components because you can't have a system "
+#| "without them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, "
+#| "became popular on their own among programmers, but we wrote many "
+#| "components that are not tools <a href=\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even "
+#| "developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games "
+#| "too."
msgid ""
"Many people have made major contributions to the free software in the "
"system, and they all deserve credit for their software. But the reason it "
@@ -189,12 +205,12 @@
"programs—is because the GNU Project set out to make it one. We made a "
"list of the programs needed to make a <em>complete</em> free system, and we "
"systematically found, wrote, or found people to write everything on the "
-"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a href=\"#unexciting\">(1)</a> "
-"components because you can't have a system without them. Some of our system "
-"components, the programming tools, became popular on their own among "
-"programmers, but we wrote many components that are not tools <a href="
-"\"#nottools\">(2)</a>. We even developed a chess game, GNU Chess, because a "
-"complete system needs games too."
+"list. We wrote essential but unexciting <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#unexciting\">[1]</a> components because you can't have a system without "
+"them. Some of our system components, the programming tools, became popular "
+"on their own among programmers, but we wrote many components that are not "
+"tools <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#nottools\">[2]</a>. We even developed "
+"a chess game, GNU Chess, because a complete system needs games too."
msgstr ""
"许å¤äººå·²ç»ä¸ºç³»ç»ä¸çèªç±è½¯ä»¶ä½åºäºé大贡ç®ï¼ä»ä»¬é½åºè¯¥è·å¾è£èªãä½GNUæ¯<em>ä¸"
"个æ´åç³»ç»</em>—èä¸æ¯ä¸äºå®ç¨ç¨åºéåçåå
æ¯ï¼GNUå·¥ç¨çæåç®æ å°±æ¯å"
@@ -221,13 +237,22 @@
"å¯ä»¥ç¨³å®å·¥ä½</a>ï¼ä½æ¯è·ç¦»è½å¤è¢«äººä»¬æ£å¸¸ä½¿ç¨è¿æå¾é¿çè·¯è¦èµ°ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
+#| "Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
+#| "system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
+#| "historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the "
+#| "GNU system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the "
+#| "GNU system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other "
+#| "words."
msgid ""
"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for the Hurd, because of Linux. Once "
"Torvalds freed Linux in 1992, it fit into the last major gap in the GNU "
"system. People could then <a href=\"https://ftp.funet.fi/pub/linux/";
"historical/kernel/old-versions/RELNOTES-0.01\"> combine Linux with the GNU "
-"system</a> to make a complete free system — a version of the GNU "
-"system which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
+"system</a> to make a complete free system—a version of the GNU system "
+"which also contained Linux. The GNU/Linux system, in other words."
msgstr ""
"åºå¹¸çæ¯ï¼æ们ä¸å¿
åç Hurd äºï¼å 为æäº Linuxãå½ Linus
Torvalds å¨ 1992 å¹´"
"使 Linux æäºèªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼å®å¡«è¡¥äº GNU
ç³»ç»çä¸ä¸ªéè¦ç©ºç½ã人们å¯ä»¥ <a href="
@@ -236,16 +261,27 @@
"—ä¸ä¸ªå¸¦æ Linux ç GNU ç³»ç»ãæ¢å¥è¯è¯´ï¼å°±æ¯
GNU/Linuxç³»ç»ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU components<a "
-"href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change to work with "
-"Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that would work "
-"“out of the box” was a big job, too. It required addressing the "
-"issue of how to install and boot the system—a problem we had not "
-"tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. Thus, the people who "
-"developed the various system distributions did a lot of essential work. But "
-"it was work that, in the nature of things, was surely going to be done by "
-"someone."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+#| "components<a href=\"#somecomponents\">(3)</a> needed substantial change "
+#| "to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a distribution that "
+#| "would work “out of the box” was a big job, too. It required "
+#| "addressing the issue of how to install and boot the system—a "
+#| "problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached that point. "
+#| "Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions did a lot "
+#| "of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, was "
+#| "surely going to be done by someone."
+msgid ""
+"Making them work well together was not a trivial job. Some GNU "
+"components <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#somecomponents\">[3]</a> needed "
+"substantial change to work with Linux. Integrating a complete system as a "
+"distribution that would work “out of the box” was a big job, "
+"too. It required addressing the issue of how to install and boot the "
+"system—a problem we had not tackled, because we hadn't yet reached "
+"that point. Thus, the people who developed the various system distributions "
+"did a lot of essential work. But it was work that, in the nature of things, "
+"was surely going to be done by someone."
msgstr ""
"æå®ä»¬ç»åå°ä¸èµ·å¹¶ä¸æ¯ä¸ä¸ªç®åçå·¥ä½ãæäºGNUé¨ä»¶<a
href=\"#somecomponents\">"
"(3)</a>éè¦ä½å¤§éçä¿®æ¹æè½éåºLinuxãæç³»ç»éæå°ä¸ä¸ªå®æ´çåè¡çæ¬ä¸ã使ä¹"
@@ -315,12 +351,20 @@
"ç»ï¼å ä¸ Linuxãå¦æä½
说çæ¯è¿ä¸ªç»åï¼è¯·ç§°ä¹ä¸º“GNU/Linux”ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further "
+#| "reference, this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://";
+#| "www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you "
+#| "mention Linux, the kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, "
+#| "<a href=\"https://foldoc.org/linux\";>https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a "
+#| "good URL to use."
msgid ""
"If you want to make a link on “GNU/Linux” for further reference, "
-"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/the-gnu-project.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
-"the-gnu-project.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the "
-"kernel, and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://";
-"foldoc.org/linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
+"this page and <a href=\"/gnu/thegnuproject.html\"> https://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
+"thegnuproject.html</a> are good choices. If you mention Linux, the kernel, "
+"and want to add a link for further reference, <a href=\"https://foldoc.org/";
+"linux\">https://foldoc.org/linux</a> is a good URL to use."
msgstr ""
"å¦æä½ æ³ä¸º“GNU/Linux”æä¾åèé¾æ¥ï¼æ¬é¡µé¢å <a
href=\"/gnu/the-"
"gnu-project.html\">https://www.gnu.org/gnu/the-gnu-project.html</a>
æ¯å¥½çé"
@@ -332,13 +376,21 @@
msgstr "åè®°"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
+#| "like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed "
+#| "at UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early "
+#| "90s. A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">"
+#| "(4)</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind "
+#| "of BSD system."
msgid ""
"Aside from GNU, one other project has independently produced a free Unix-"
"like operating system. This system is known as BSD, and it was developed at "
"UC Berkeley. It was nonfree in the 80s, but became free in the early 90s. "
-"A free operating system that exists today<a href=\"#newersystems\">(4)</a> "
-"is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU system, or a kind of BSD "
-"system."
+"A free operating system that exists today <a class=\"ftn\" href="
+"\"#newersystems\">[4]</a> is almost certainly either a variant of the GNU "
+"system, or a kind of BSD system."
msgstr ""
"é¤äºGNUï¼è¿æä¸ä¸ªç¬ç«è¿è¡çå·¥ç¨å¼åäºä¸ä¸ªèªç±ç类似Unixçæä½ç³»ç»ãè¿ä¸ªç³»ç»æ¯"
"BSDï¼å®æ¯ç±UC
Berkeleyå¼åçãå¨80年代ï¼BSDè¿ä¸æ¯èªç±çï¼ä½æ¯å®å¨90年代ååæ"
@@ -346,6 +398,17 @@
"æä¸æ¯GNUç³»ç»çæ´¾ççæ¬ï¼å°±æ¯BSDç³»ç»çæ´¾ççæ¬ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/"
+#| "Linux. The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software "
+#| "by the example of the GNU Project, and explicit appeals from GNU "
+#| "activists helped persuade them, but the code had little overlap with "
+#| "GNU. BSD systems today use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and "
+#| "its variants use some BSD programs; however, taken as wholes, they are "
+#| "two different systems that evolved separately. The BSD developers did "
+#| "not write a kernel and add it to the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD "
+#| "would not fit the situation.<a href=\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"People sometimes ask whether BSD too is a version of GNU, like GNU/Linux. "
"The BSD developers were inspired to make their code free software by the "
@@ -354,8 +417,8 @@
"use some GNU programs, just as the GNU system and its variants use some BSD "
"programs; however, taken as wholes, they are two different systems that "
"evolved separately. The BSD developers did not write a kernel and add it to "
-"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation.<a href="
-"\"#gnubsd\">(5)</a>"
+"the GNU system, and a name like GNU/BSD would not fit the situation <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#gnubsd\">[5]</a>."
msgstr ""
"人们ææ¶ä¼é®BSDæ¯å¦ä¹æ¯ä¸ä¸ªGNUçæ´¾ççæ¬ï¼åGNU/Linuxé£æ
·ãBSDçå¼åè
åå°GNU"
"å·¥ç¨çæ¿å±èå°ä»ä»¬ç代ç åæäºèªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼å°¤å
¶åå°æ¥èªGNUçæ´»å¨å®¶çæç¡®å¸å¼å帮"
Index: po/manifesto.ar.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.ar.po,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.34
diff -u -b -r1.33 -r1.34
--- po/manifesto.ar.po 29 May 2021 08:12:53 -0000 1.33
+++ po/manifesto.ar.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.34
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2009-09-21 10:50+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Hossam Hossny <hossam@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Arabic\n"
@@ -27,19 +27,20 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "بÙا٠Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ - Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ - Ù
ؤسسة اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "بÙا٠Ù
شرÙع غÙÙ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
-# | href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> [-at the beginning
-# | of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and support.
-# | For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU operating
-# | system. Part of the text was taken from the original announcement of
-# | 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to account for
-# | [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it seems best to
-# | leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-] {+unchanged.+}
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> [-at the
+# | beginning of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and
+# | support. For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU
+# | operating system. Part of the text was taken from the original
+# | announcement of 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to
+# | account for [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it
+# | seems best to leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-]
+# | {+unchanged.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@
#| "it was updated in minor ways to account for developments, but now it "
#| "seems best to leave it unchanged as most people have seen it."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@
"Ø·ÙÙÙ Ù٠اÙسÙÙات اÙÙÙÙÙØ© اÙØ£ÙÙÙØ ÙÙÙÙا ÙرÙ
اÙآ٠أÙÙ Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠إبÙاؤ٠غÙر Ù
عدÙÙ "
"ÙÙ
ا شاÙد٠Ù
عظÙ
اÙÙاس."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings
# | that different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added [-in-] {+since+}
# | 1993 help clarify these points.
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@
"ÙÙ
ÙØ° Ø°Ù٠اÙØÙÙØ Ø§ÙتشÙÙا إساءة ÙÙÙ
Ù
عÙÙØ©
Ùاتجة ع٠صÙاغة ÙÙ
Ù٠تÙادÙÙا. أضÙÙت "
"ÙÙاÙ
Ø´ Ù٠عاÙ
1993 ÙÙÙ
ساعدة Ù٠تÙضÙØ ØªÙÙ
اÙÙÙاط."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | [-For up-to-date information about-]{+If you want to install+} the
# | [-available GNU software, please see-] {+GNU/Linux system, we recommend
# | you use one of+} the [-information available on our <a
@@ -103,7 +104,7 @@
"\">ÙائÙ
Ø© اÙبرÙ
جÙات</a>. ÙÙÙ
عÙÙÙ
ات ع٠ÙÙÙÙØ©
اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
Ø©Ø Ø±Ø§Ø¬Ø¹ <a href=\"/help/"
"help.html\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -113,24 +114,37 @@
"open-source-misses-the-point.html\">amoral approach</a> to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Ù
ا Ù٠غÙÙØ ØºÙÙ ÙÙس ÙÙÙÙس!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"غÙÙ -اÙÙ
شت٠Ù
٠غÙÙ ÙÙس ÙÙÙÙس- اسÙ
ÙظاÙ
اÙتشغÙ٠اÙبرÙ
ج٠اÙÙاÙ
٠اÙÙ
تÙاÙÙ Ù
ع "
"ÙÙÙÙس اÙذ٠أÙÙÙ
بÙتابت٠ÙØ£Ùزع٠باÙÙ
جاÙ
عÙ٠أ٠شخص ÙستطÙع استخداÙ
Ù.<a href="
"\"#f1\">(1)</a> ÙÙÙÙ
عدد Ù
٠اÙÙ
تطÙعÙ٠بÙ
ساعدتÙ.
ÙØ٠بأÙ
س اÙØاجة Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
Ø© "
"باÙÙÙت ÙاÙÙ
ا٠ÙاÙبراÙ
ج ÙاÙÙ
عدات."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -155,7 +169,7 @@
"Ø¥Ù
براطÙرÙات ÙبرÙاÙ
ج جداÙÙ ÙÙ
ئات اÙأشÙاء
اÙأخر٠باÙإضاÙØ© Ø¥Ù٠تÙØ«Ù٠بÙÙئة "
"Ø¥ÙÙترÙÙÙØ©. ÙØ£Ù
٠أخÙرÙا Ø£Ù ÙÙÙر ÙÙ Ø´ÙØ¡ Ù
ÙÙد
Ùأت٠عادة Ù
ع ÙظاÙ
ÙÙÙÙس ÙØ£Ùثر."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -175,7 +189,7 @@
"سÙ٠تÙÙÙ C Ù Lisp Ùغت٠برÙ
جة اÙÙظاÙ
. سÙÙ ÙعÙ
Ù
عÙ٠دعÙ
UUCP Ù MIT Chaosnet "
"ÙÙ
ÙاÙÙ٠اÙØ¥ÙترÙت ÙÙسÙÙØ© ÙÙاتصاÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -186,7 +200,7 @@
"ÙÙ
Ù٠تشغÙÙ٠عÙÙÙا. سÙÙ ÙÙتر٠تشغÙÙ٠عÙÙ
اÙأجÙزة اÙأصغر ÙÙأشخاص اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙرÙدÙÙ "
"تشغÙÙ٠عÙÙÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -194,11 +208,11 @@
"ÙتÙاد٠Ùغط ÙبÙØ±Ø Ù
Ù ÙضÙ٠اÙØ·Ù Øر٠<em>g</em> ÙÙ
اÙاسÙ
اÙØ¥ÙجÙÙز٠”"
"GNU“ عÙدÙ
ا ÙÙÙÙ Ù٠سÙا٠اسÙ
Ùذا اÙÙ
شرÙع."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا تتØتÙ
عÙÙ Ùتابة غÙÙ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -218,12 +232,12 @@
"ÙÙت أعÙ
Ù ÙÙ Ù
ختبر اÙØ°Ùاء اÙاصطÙاعÙØ ÙÙÙÙÙ
تÙ
ادÙا Ùدرجة Ø£ÙÙÙ ÙÙ
أستطع أ٠أبÙÙ "
"ÙÙ Ù
عÙد Ùتبع Ùذ٠اÙأساÙÙب Ù
ع٠ÙبرÙض Ù
ÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
-# | [-away.-] {+away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>+}
+# | [-away.-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
@@ -235,18 +249,18 @@
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÙÙأستÙ
ر Ù٠استخداÙ
اÙØÙاسÙب دÙ٠عارØ
ÙرÙرت أ٠أضع ÙÙاÙÙا ÙاÙÙÙا ÙÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙØرة "
"ÙأتÙ
ÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙ
ض٠ÙدÙ
Ùا بدÙ٠أ٠برÙ
جÙات غÙر
Øرة. استÙÙت Ù
Ù Ù
عÙد اÙØ°Ùاء "
"اÙاصطÙاع٠ÙØ£Øجب أ٠سÙطة ÙاÙÙÙÙØ© ÙMIT تÙ
ÙعÙÙ
Ù
Ù Ùشر غÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا سÙتÙاÙ٠غÙÙ Ù
ع ÙÙÙÙس"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -257,11 +271,11 @@
"ÙأعتÙد Ø£ÙÙ٠أستطÙع شغ٠Ù
ا ÙÙÙد٠ÙÙÙÙس بدÙÙ
تشÙÙÙÙ. إ٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙÙ
تÙاÙÙØ© Ù
ع "
"ÙÙÙÙس تÙسÙÙ٠عÙÙ ÙØ«ÙرÙ٠اعتÙ
اد اÙÙظاÙ
."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "ÙÙ٠سÙتÙÙر غÙÙ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -274,17 +288,17 @@
"categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">اÙÙ
ØتÙرة</a> ÙÙ ÙÙسÙ
Ø
بÙا. أرÙد أ٠أضÙ
Ù "
"أ٠جÙ
Ùع Ùسخ غÙ٠تظ٠Øرة."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا سÙرغب Ù
برÙ
جÙ٠آخرÙÙ Ùثر باÙÙ
ساعدة"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
msgstr "Ùجدت Ø£Ù Ù
برÙ
جÙÙ Ùثر آخرÙÙ Ù
تØÙ
سÙÙ
ÙÙÙرة غÙÙ ÙØ£ÙÙÙ
ÙرÙدÙ٠اÙÙ
ساعدة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -305,7 +319,7 @@
"Ø£ÙÙ
. ÙÙ٠اÙÙ
ؤÙ
ÙÙ٠باÙÙاÙÙÙ ÙجدÙ٠صعÙبة ÙÙ
اÙاختÙØ§Ø±Ø Ø¨Ù Ø¥ÙÙÙ
صارÙا ÙعتÙدÙ٠أ٠"
"اÙبرÙ
جة Ù
ا Ù٠إÙا ÙسÙÙØ© ÙجÙ٠اÙÙ
اÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -320,11 +334,11 @@
"غÙر اÙØرة أ٠تÙ
ÙØÙا Ø¥ÙاÙ. ÙÙعد Ùذا اÙØ£Ù
ر
باÙÙسبة ÙÙ
ا ÙÙارب Ùص٠اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙ "
"اÙØ°Ù٠تØدثت Ù
عÙÙ
سعادة Ùا ÙÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙÙ
ا٠أÙ
ÙØÙ Ù
ØاÙÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "ÙÙ٠تستطÙع اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
Ø©"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | (Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see {+the+} <a
# |
[-href=\"http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects\";>http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects</a>-]
# | {+href=\"http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects\";>High Priority
@@ -357,7 +371,7 @@
"ÙÙÙ
ÙÙ
ات اÙبرÙ
جÙØ©. راجع <a
href=\"/help/help.html\">http://www.gnu.org/help/";
"help.html</a> Ùطر٠اÙÙ
ساÙÙ
Ø© اÙأخرÙ.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -365,7 +379,7 @@
"Ø¥ÙÙ٠أطÙب Ù
Ù Ù
صاÙع اÙØÙاسÙب أ٠تتبرع
باÙأجÙزة ÙاÙÙ
اÙØ ÙØ¥Ù٠أطÙب Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùراد "
"Ø£Ù ÙتبرعÙا باÙبراÙ
ج ÙاÙجÙد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -376,7 +390,7 @@
"تستطÙعÙ٠تÙÙعÙا إذا تبرعتÙ
باÙأجÙزة Ø£Ù
غÙ٠سÙعÙ
Ù ÙÙ Ù
Ùعد أبÙر. ÙÙض٠أ٠ÙÙÙÙ "
"اÙجÙاز ÙادرÙا عÙ٠اÙعÙ
Ù ÙÙ Ù
ÙØ·ÙØ© سÙÙÙØ© ÙÙا
ÙØتاج تبرÙدÙا أ٠طاÙØ© Ù
ÙÙÙØ©."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -401,7 +415,7 @@
"بعض اÙÙ
شاÙ٠غÙر اÙÙ
تÙÙØ¹Ø©Ø Ùإ٠جÙ
ع Ùذ٠اÙÙ
ÙÙÙات ستÙÙÙ Ù
ÙÙ
Ø© Ù
جدÙØ©. (سÙÙ ÙتطÙب "
"اÙعÙ
٠عÙ٠اÙÙÙاة اتصاÙات Ø£Ùرب ÙسÙ٠تعÙ
Ù Ù
جÙ
Ùعة صغÙرة عÙÙÙا)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -415,25 +429,26 @@
"Ø£ÙÙ
ÙØ© ع٠اÙÙ
اÙ. Ø¥ÙÙ٠أعتبر Ùذ٠طرÙÙØ©
ÙØ¥Ùجاد Ø£Ùاس ÙÙرسÙÙ Ù٠طاÙتÙÙ
ÙÙعÙ
٠عÙÙ "
"غÙ٠بدÙ٠اÙØاجة Ø¥Ù٠طرÙÙØ© أخر٠ÙجÙ٠اÙÙ
اÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "ÙÙ
اذا سÙستÙÙد ÙÙ Ù
ستخدÙ
٠اÙØاسÙب"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
-# | free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">([-2-]{+3+})</a>
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(2)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"عÙدÙ
ا ÙÙتÙÙ Ù
Ù Ùتابة غÙÙØ Ø³ÙÙ ÙتÙ
Ù٠اÙجÙ
Ùع
Ù
٠اÙØصÙ٠عÙÙ ÙظاÙ
تشغÙ٠برÙ
ج٠"
"جÙد Ù
جاÙÙ ÙاÙÙÙاء.<a href=\"#f2\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -443,7 +458,7 @@
"اÙضائع ÙبرÙ
جة ÙظاÙ
تشغÙÙ [Ù
٠اÙصÙر] سÙÙ
ÙÙتÙÙ. ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠ÙتØÙÙ Ùذا اÙجÙد Ø¥ÙÙ "
"تØسÙÙ ÙÙ Ù
ستÙ٠اÙØ£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙÙ
ÙجÙدة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -456,7 +471,7 @@
"Ùتجر٠اÙتعدÙÙات ÙÙ. ÙÙ ÙÙÙ٠اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠تØت
رØÙ
Ø© Ù
برÙ
ج أ٠شرÙØ© ÙاØدة تÙ
ÙÙ "
"اÙÙ
صادر ÙÙÙ ÙØدÙا تستطÙع إجراء اÙتعدÙÙات."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -470,7 +485,7 @@
"أ٠برÙاÙ
ج عÙ٠اÙÙظاÙ
Ù
ا ÙÙ
تÙعرض Ù
صادرÙ
ÙÙعاÙ
Ø©Ø ÙÙÙد أثبتÙا ÙÙÙÙÙ
برÙضÙÙ
"
"تثبÙت براÙ
ج Ù
عÙÙØ©. ÙÙد اØتذÙت بÙذا اÙتصرÙ
ÙØ«ÙرÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -478,7 +493,7 @@
"ÙأخÙرÙا سÙ٠تÙÙس٠اÙÙ
باÙغة ÙÙ Ù
ÙÙÙØ© اÙÙظاÙ
اÙبرÙ
ج٠ÙÙ
ا ÙÙسÙ
Ø ÙÙ
ا Ùا ÙÙسÙ
Ø ÙÙشخص "
"Ø£Ù ÙÙعÙ٠بÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -500,7 +515,7 @@
"تعتبر اÙÙاÙ
Ùرات اÙتÙÙزÙÙÙÙØ© اÙÙ
ÙثبÙتة ÙÙ
ÙÙ Ù
Ùا٠ÙÙتأÙد Ù
٠أÙÙ Ùا تÙزع اÙÙÙاع "
"أبدÙا Ø£Ù
رÙا ÙضÙعÙا. Ù
٠اÙØ£Ùض٠دعÙ
Ùباتات
ÙÙائÙØ© بضرÙبة رئÙسÙØ© ÙÙزع اÙØ£ÙÙعة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -508,11 +523,11 @@
"Ùسخ Ù٠أ٠جزء Ù
٠اÙبرÙاÙ
ج Ø£Ù
ر طبÙع٠ÙÙÙ
برÙ
جÙ٠تÙ
اÙ
Ùا ÙاÙتÙÙØ³Ø ÙÙ٠أÙ
ر Ù
ÙØ«Ù
ر. "
"ÙÙÙد اعتادÙا Ø£Ù ÙÙÙÙ Ù
جاÙÙÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "بعض اÙردÙد اÙÙسÙرة عÙ٠اعتراضات عÙÙ
Ø£Ùدا٠غÙÙ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -520,7 +535,7 @@
"<strong>”ÙÙ ÙستخدÙ
٠أØد Ù
ا داÙ
باÙÙ
جاÙØ ÙØ£Ù
Ùذا ÙعÙ٠أÙÙ Ùا تستطÙع "
"اÙاعتÙ
اد عÙ٠أ٠دعÙ
.“</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -528,10 +543,11 @@
"<strong>”Ùجب أ٠تبÙعÙا اÙبرÙاÙ
ج بÙ
Ùاب٠Ù
اد٠ÙتدÙعÙا ÙÙÙ
Ø© تÙدÙÙ
اÙدعÙ
."
"“</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
-# | free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">([-3-]{+4+})</a>
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(3)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
@@ -540,13 +556,13 @@
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"إذا ÙضÙ٠اÙÙاس اÙدÙع Ù
Ùاب٠غÙ٠زائدÙا
اÙخدÙ
Ø© بدÙÙا Ù
٠اÙØصÙ٠عÙÙ٠باÙÙ
جا٠بدÙÙ "
"اÙخدÙ
Ø©Ø ÙسÙ٠تÙ٠باÙغرض شرÙØ© تÙدÙ
اÙخدÙ
Ø©
ÙÙØ°ÙÙ ØصÙÙا عÙÙ٠باÙÙ
جا٠ÙسÙ٠تÙÙÙ "
"Ù
ÙربØØ©.<a href=\"#f3\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -557,7 +573,7 @@
"ÙستطÙع اÙÙ
رؤ اÙاعتÙ
اد عÙ٠اÙأخÙر Ù
٠بائع
اÙبرÙاÙ
Ø¬Ø ÙØ£Ù٠إذا ÙÙ
ÙÙ٠أشخاص Ùثر "
"ÙشاطرÙÙÙ ÙÙس اÙÙ
Ø´ÙÙØ© ÙÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ Ù٠اÙبائع
اÙتÙ
اÙ
Ùا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -575,7 +591,7 @@
"ÙÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙÙ
شرÙØ· اÙتÙزÙع عÙÙ Ùذ٠اÙÙ
Ø´ÙÙØ©. Ùا
ÙØ٠غÙÙ ÙÙ Ù
شاÙ٠اÙعاÙÙ
Ø ÙÙØ· بعضÙا "
"Ù
ÙÙا!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -584,7 +600,7 @@
"Ù٠اÙÙÙت ذاتÙØ ÙÙÙ٠اÙدعÙ
اÙشخص٠اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠اÙØ°ÙÙ Ùا ÙعرÙÙÙ Ø´ÙئÙا ع٠اÙØاسÙب "
"ÙÙÙÙÙ
Ùا بأÙ
Ùر سÙÙ٠عÙÙÙÙ
اÙÙÙاÙ
بÙا
بأÙÙسÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙÙ
Ùا ÙعرÙÙÙ ÙÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ
Ù٠بÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -600,7 +616,7 @@
"اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠بشرÙØ© Ù
عÙÙØ©. ÙÙÙ ÙÙس اÙÙÙت سÙتÙ
Ù٠اÙØ°ÙÙ Ùا ÙرÙدÙ٠اÙخدÙ
Ø© Ù
Ù "
"استخداÙ
اÙبرÙاÙ
ج بدÙ٠اÙدÙع ÙÙخدÙ
Ø©."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -608,7 +624,7 @@
"<strong>”Ùا ÙÙ
Ù٠اÙÙصÙ٠إÙ٠أشخاص Ùثر بدÙÙ
اÙإعÙاÙØ ÙÙجب أ٠تبÙع "
"اÙبرÙاÙ
ج ÙتدعÙ
اÙإعÙاÙ.“</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -616,7 +632,7 @@
"<strong>”اÙدعاÙØ© ÙبرÙاÙ
ج ÙÙ
Ù٠اÙØصÙ٠عÙÙÙ
باÙÙ
جا٠غÙر Ù
جدÙØ©.“</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -631,11 +647,12 @@
"Ùسخ عبر اÙبرÙد بÙ
Ùاب٠بÙØ¬Ø§Ø Ù
٠اÙÙÙاÙ
بذÙÙ
ÙØ£Ùثر. ÙبÙذ٠اÙطرÙÙØ©Ø Ø³ÙÙ ÙدÙع "
"اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙستÙÙدÙÙ Ù
٠اÙإعÙاÙات
ÙÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
-# | to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">([-4-]{+5+})</a>
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
@@ -646,13 +663,13 @@
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Ù٠اÙÙ
ÙابÙØ Ø¥Ø°Ø§ Øص٠أشخاص Ùثر عÙ٠غÙÙ Ù
Ù
أصدÙائÙÙ
Ø ÙÙÙ
تÙØ¬Ø Ù
Ø«Ù Ùذ٠اÙشرÙØ§ØªØ "
"ÙÙذا سÙثبت أ٠اÙإعÙا٠ÙÙس ضرÙرÙÙا ÙÙجاØ
غÙÙ. ÙÙ
اذا Ùا ÙرÙد Ù
ؤÙد٠اÙسÙ٠اÙØرة "
"ÙÙسÙ٠اÙØرة أ٠تÙررØ<a href=\"#f4\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -660,7 +677,7 @@
"<strong>”شرÙت٠تØتاج ÙظاÙ
تشغÙ٠اØتÙارÙ
ÙتÙاÙس Ù٠اÙسÙÙ.“</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -676,29 +693,31 @@
"Ùذا سÙÙÙ٠صعبÙا عÙÙÙ. إذا Ùا٠شرÙت٠تÙÙÙ
بشÙØ¡ Ø¢Ø®Ø±Ø ÙسÙÙ ÙØÙ
Ù٠غÙÙ Ù
٠اÙÙÙÙع "
"Ù٠تجارة بÙع Ø£ÙظÙ
Ø© اÙتشغÙ٠اÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙØ©."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
-# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a
-# | href=\"#f5\">([-5-]{+6+})</a>
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(5)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ø¥ÙÙ٠أتÙ
Ù٠أ٠أر٠تطÙÙر غÙÙ Ù
دعÙÙ
Ùا بÙبات Ù
٠اÙÙ
صاÙع ÙاÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙØ Ø¨ØÙØ« تÙÙ "
"اÙتÙÙÙØ© عÙ٠اÙجÙ
Ùع.<a href=\"#f5\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>”Ø£Ùا ÙستØ٠اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙ Ù
ÙاÙأة ÙÙÙ
عÙ٠إبداعÙÙ
Ø“</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -711,7 +730,7 @@
"إذا Ùا٠اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙ ÙستØÙÙ٠اÙÙ
ÙاÙأة عÙÙ
Ø¥Ùشاء براÙ
ج Ù
بتÙØ±Ø©Ø ÙÙÙ
ÙستØÙÙÙ "
"اÙعÙاب باÙÙ
عÙار ذات٠إذا ÙÙدÙا استخداÙ
Ùذ٠اÙبراÙ
ج."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -719,7 +738,7 @@
"<strong>”Ø£Ùا ÙÙبغ٠أ٠ÙتÙ
Ù٠اÙÙ
برÙ
ج Ù
٠اÙÙ
طاÙبة بÙ
ÙاÙأة ÙإبداعÙØ“"
"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -728,7 +747,7 @@
"Ùا عÙب ÙÙ Ø·Ùب اÙÙ
ا٠Ù
Ùاب٠اÙعÙ
٠أ٠اÙسعÙ
ÙتÙسÙع اÙدخÙØ Ù
ا داÙ
Ø°ÙÙ Ùا ÙتÙ
"
"بأساÙÙبس ÙدÙاÙ
Ø©. ÙÙ٠اÙأساÙÙب اÙÙ
عرÙÙØ© ÙÙ
ØÙ٠اÙبرÙ
جÙات اÙÙÙÙ
Ù
بÙÙØ© عÙ٠اÙÙدÙ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -740,7 +759,7 @@
"اÙت٠ÙÙ
Ù٠بÙا اÙاستÙادة Ù
٠اÙبرÙاÙ
Ø¬Ø ÙÙذا
ÙÙÙÙ Ù
Ùدار Ù
ا تجÙÙ٠اÙØ¥ÙساÙÙØ© Ù
ÙÙ. "
"عÙدÙ
ا ÙÙجد Ùرار عÙ
د٠ÙتÙÙÙد اÙاستخداÙ
Ø
Ùإ٠اÙضرر اÙÙاتج Ùعتبر ÙدÙ
Ùا عÙ
دÙÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -756,11 +775,11 @@
"Ù
طاÙب بأ٠أرÙض Ø£Ù ÙÙÙÙ
شخص ÙاØد بذÙÙ. بشÙÙ
أدÙØ Ø¥Ù Ø§Ùرغبة ÙÙ Ù
ÙاÙأة اÙإبداع "
"Ùا تبرر ØرÙ
ا٠اÙعاÙÙ
أجÙ
ع Ù
Ù Ù٠أ٠جزء Ù
Ù
Ùذا اÙإبداع."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>”Ø£ÙÙ ÙجÙع اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙØ“</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -772,7 +791,7 @@
"ÙسÙا (بذÙÙ) Ù
جبرÙ٠عÙÙ Ùضاء Ø£ÙÙاتÙا ÙÙ
اÙشارع Ù
ÙØدÙÙÙ٠جÙعÙ. ÙÙÙÙا ÙÙع٠شÙئÙا "
"Ù
ختÙÙÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -781,7 +800,7 @@
"ÙÙÙ Ùذ٠إجابة خاطئة ÙØ£ÙÙا تÙب٠اÙتراض
اÙسائ٠اÙضÙ
ÙÙ: Ø£Ù٠بدÙÙ Ù
ÙÙÙØ© "
"اÙبرÙاÙ
Ø¬Ø Ùا ÙÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙبرÙ
جÙ٠جÙÙ Ø´ÙئÙا. عÙÙ
اÙاÙتراض أخذ اÙÙ٠أ٠تر٠اÙÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -789,13 +808,13 @@
"اÙسبب اÙØÙÙÙ٠أ٠اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙ ÙÙ ÙجÙعÙا Ø£ÙÙ
سÙÙÙ٠بإÙ
ÙاÙÙÙ
جÙ٠اÙÙ
ا٠Ù
Ùاب٠"
"اÙبرÙ
Ø¬Ø©Ø ÙÙÙ ÙÙس باÙÙدر اÙØ°Ù ÙجÙÙÙ٠اÙÙÙÙ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
-# | the most common [-basis-] {+basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>+} because it
-# | brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the
-# | customer, software business would move to other bases of organization
-# | which are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize
-# | any kind of business.
+# | the most common [-basis-] {+basis <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money. If it were
+# | prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business would move to
+# | other bases of organization which are now used less often. There are
+# | always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
@@ -805,17 +824,18 @@
#| "always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"تÙÙÙد اÙÙسخ ÙÙس اÙأساس اÙÙØÙد Ùتجارة اÙبرÙ
جÙات. Ùعتبر Ø£Ùثر اÙأسس Ø´ÙÙعÙا ÙØ£ÙÙ "
"اÙØ£Ùثر جذبÙا ÙÙÙ
اÙ. Ù٠أ٠Ùذا اÙأسÙÙب Ù
Ù
ÙÙع Ø£Ù ÙرÙض٠اÙزبائ٠Ùإ٠تجارة "
"اÙبرÙ
جÙات سÙ٠تÙتÙ٠إÙÙ Ù
جا٠آخر Ø£ÙÙ
اÙتشارÙا اÙÙÙÙ
. تÙجد دائÙ
Ùا Ùسائ٠شت٠"
"ÙتÙظÙÙ
Ø£Ù ÙÙع Ù
٠اÙتجارة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -828,7 +848,7 @@
"اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙ٠اÙÙ
Ùدار ذاتÙØ ÙÙÙ ÙÙÙÙ Ø°Ù٠ظÙÙ
Ùا ÙÙÙ
Ø£ÙضÙا (ب٠Ù
Ù ÙاØÙØ© عÙ
ÙÙØ© سÙÙ "
"ÙجÙÙ٠أÙثر بÙØ«Ùر Ù
Ù
ا ÙجÙÙ٠اÙÙ
ÙدÙبÙÙ)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -836,7 +856,7 @@
"<strong>”Ø£ÙÙس ÙÙÙاس ØÙ Ù٠أ٠ÙتØÙÙ
Ùا ÙÙ
ÙÙÙÙØ© استخداÙ
إبداعاتÙÙ
Ø“"
"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -845,10 +865,11 @@
"”تØÙÙ
اÙشخص Ù٠استخداÙ
Ø£ÙÙارٓ ÙتطÙب
باÙضرÙرة اÙتØÙÙ
ÙÙ ØÙاة "
"أشخاص آخرÙÙØ ÙÙ٠غاÙبÙا Ùجع٠ØÙاة اÙأخرÙÙ
أصعب."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a
-# | href=\"#f6\">([-6-]{+8+})</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there
-# | is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(6)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
#, fuzzy
@@ -859,17 +880,17 @@
#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"ÙÙÙ٠اÙØ°Ù٠درسÙا ÙضÙØ© اÙÙ
ÙÙÙØ© اÙÙÙرÙØ©<a
href=\"#f6\">(6)</a> بعÙاÙØ© "
"(ÙاÙÙ
ØاÙ
ÙÙ) بعدÙ
ÙجÙد أص٠ØÙÙÙÙ ÙÙÙ
ÙÙÙØ©
اÙÙÙرÙØ©. Ø£ÙÙاع اÙÙ
ÙÙÙØ© اÙÙÙرÙØ© "
"اÙÙ
Ùترضة اÙت٠تعتر٠اÙØÙÙÙ
Ø© بÙا Ø£ÙØدÙثت
بÙÙاÙÙ٠خاصة تشرÙعÙØ© Ùأغراض خاصة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -888,7 +909,7 @@
"ÙÙÙ Ùا تشÙ٠عائÙÙا Ø£Ù
اÙ
Ù
عظÙ
اÙØ£Ùراد اÙØ°ÙÙ
ÙستخدÙ
ÙÙ Ù
Ùتجات Ù
غطاة ببراءات "
"اختراع."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -906,7 +927,7 @@
"بÙÙ
Ùات تجارÙØ© ÙتطÙب Ù
طبعة Ù
تخصصة)Ø ÙÙÙ
ÙÙ
ث٠عÙبة Ù٠طرÙ٠اÙØ£Ùراد اÙØ°Ù ÙاÙÙا "
"ÙÙرؤÙ٠اÙÙتب."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -919,7 +940,7 @@
"Ù
ÙØدÙد: ÙÙ ÙØÙ Ù٠اÙØÙÙÙØ© Ø£Øس٠ØاÙا بدÙÙ Ù
ÙØ Ùذ٠اÙØ±Ø®ØµØ Ù
ا اÙتصرÙات اÙت٠Ùرخص "
"ÙÙاØ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -936,12 +957,12 @@
"ØاÙØ© ÙØµØ¨Ø Ù
عÙا Ùرض ØÙÙ٠اÙÙشر ضارÙا عÙ٠اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع بأسر٠Ù
Ù ÙاØÙØ© Ù
ادÙØ© ÙرÙØÙØ© "
"Ùجب Ø£Ùا ÙسببÙا أ٠شخص Øت٠ÙÙÙ Ùا٠اÙÙاÙÙÙ
ÙسÙ
Ø ÙÙ Ø°ÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>”تجع٠اÙÙ
ÙاÙسة اÙØ£Ù
Ùر ÙÙ ØاÙ
Ø£ÙضÙ.“</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -958,7 +979,7 @@
"ÙÙد ÙجدÙ٠استرتÙجÙات أخر٠Ù
Ø«Ù Ù
ÙاجÙ
Ø© اÙÙ
تسابÙÙ٠اÙآخرÙÙ. إذا دخ٠جÙ
Ùع "
"اÙÙ
تسابÙÙÙ ÙÙ Ù
عرÙØ© ÙسÙص٠اÙجÙ
Ùع Ù
تأخرÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -971,7 +992,7 @@
"(”تستطÙع إطÙا٠رصاصة ÙاØدة Ù٠عشر
Ùاردات تجرÙÙا“). Ùا٠ÙÙبغ٠"
"عÙÙ٠أ٠ÙÙÙÙÙÙ
Ø Ø¨Ù ÙØ£Ù ÙعاÙب اÙÙ
تسابÙÙÙ
اÙØ°Ù ÙØاÙÙÙ٠اÙتعارÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -979,7 +1000,7 @@
"<strong>”Ø£ÙÙ ÙتÙÙ٠اÙجÙ
Ùع ع٠اÙبرÙ
جة إذا ÙÙ
ÙÙجد ØاÙز Ù
ادÙØ“</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -990,7 +1011,7 @@
"ÙÙاÙÙ
عÙ٠بعضÙØ§Ø ÙÙÙ
غاÙبÙا Ø£Ùض٠اÙÙاس برÙ
جة. Ùا عÙب Ù٠عز٠Ù
ÙسÙÙÙ Ù
Øتر٠Øت٠"
"ÙÙ ÙÙ
ÙØ£Ù
Ù Ù
Ø·ÙÙÙا Ø£Ù ÙجÙÙ Ù
اÙÙا بعزÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1001,7 +1022,7 @@
"ÙÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙØ ÙÙÙ٠سÙÙÙ٠أÙÙ. Ùذا Ùإ٠اÙسؤاÙ
اÙØ£ÙØ³Ø¨Ø Ù٠سÙبرÙ
ج Ø£Øد Ù
ع ØاÙز Ù
اÙÙ "
"Ø£ÙÙØ Ø®Ø¨Ø±ØªÙ ØªÙÙد بأ٠ÙØ«ÙرÙ٠سÙبرÙ
جÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1012,7 +1033,7 @@
"Ø£Ù٠بÙØ«Ùر Ù
Ù
ا ÙستطÙعÙ٠جÙÙÙ Ù٠أ٠Ù
Ùا٠آخر.
ÙÙÙÙÙ
جÙÙا Ù
ÙاÙآت غÙر Ù
اÙÙØ© "
"ÙØ«Ùرة: ÙاÙسÙ
عة ÙاÙتÙدÙر Ù
Ø«ÙÙا. ÙاÙإبداع
Ø£ÙضÙا Ù
Ù
ØªØ¨Ø¹Ø ÙÙÙ Ù
ÙاÙأة بذاتÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1020,7 +1041,7 @@
"بعد Ø°Ù٠غادر Ù
عظÙ
ÙÙ
عÙدÙ
ا عÙرض عÙÙÙÙ
اÙÙÙاÙ
بÙÙس اÙعÙ
٠اÙÙ
Ù
تع Ù
Ùاب٠Ù
رتب عاÙÙ "
"جدÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1033,7 +1054,7 @@
"ضعÙÙØ© إذا Ù
ا ÙÙرÙت باÙÙ
ÙظÙ
ات اÙت٠تدÙع
أجرÙا Ù
رتÙعÙØ§Ø ÙÙ٠إذا اختÙت اÙÙ
رتبات "
"اÙعاÙÙØ© ÙÙ٠تÙÙ٠اÙÙ
ÙظÙ
ات ÙÙÙÙØ© اÙأجر
ضعÙÙØ© باÙضرÙرة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1041,20 +1062,20 @@
"<strong>”ÙØ٠بØاجة Ù
اسة Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙ. إذا
Ø·ÙبÙا Ù
Ùا Ø£Ùا Ùساعد جÙرÙÙا "
"ÙÙتØتÙ
عÙÙÙا Ø£Ù ÙØ·ÙعÙÙ
.“</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
msgstr ""
"Ùا ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠تÙÙÙ ÙÙ Øاجة Ù
اسة Ùدرجة تدÙعÙ
Ø¥Ù٠اÙÙبÙ٠بÙ
Ø«Ù Ùذ٠اÙÙ
طاÙب. [...]"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>”ÙجÙب Ø£Ù ÙجÙ٠اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙ ÙÙتÙÙ
بطرÙÙØ© أ٠بأخرÙ.“</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1067,7 +1088,7 @@
"اÙطر٠ÙسبÙا ÙÙÙ
ا٠ÙÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙ Ùرجا٠اÙأعÙ
اÙØ ÙÙÙÙ ÙÙس ÙØ£ÙÙا اÙطرÙÙØ© اÙÙØÙدة. Ù
Ù "
"اÙسÙ٠أ٠تجد طرÙÙا أخر٠إذا أردت Ø°ÙÙ. ÙÙا
بعض اÙØ£Ù
Ø«ÙØ©:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1075,16 +1096,17 @@
"سÙ٠تدÙع Ù
صاÙع اÙØاسÙب اÙت٠تÙشئ ØÙاسÙب
جدÙدة ÙتÙÙÙ٠أÙظÙ
Ø© اÙتشغÙ٠عÙÙ "
"اÙعتاد اÙجدÙد."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
msgstr "ÙÙ
Ù٠أÙضÙا Ø£Ù ÙÙÙÙظÙ٠اÙÙ
برÙ
جÙÙ Ù٠خدÙ
ات اÙتعÙÙÙ
ÙاÙدعÙ
اÙشخص٠ÙاÙصÙاÙØ©."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a
-# | href=\"#f7\">([-7-]{+9+})</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users,
-# | or selling hand[---]holding services. I have met people who are already
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(7)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling hand[---]holding services. I have met people who are already
# | working this way successfully.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
@@ -1093,15 +1115,16 @@
#| "hand-holding services. I have met people who are already working this "
#| "way successfully."
msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"ÙستطÙع اÙأشخاص اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙدÙÙÙ
Ø£ÙÙار جدÙد
تÙزÙع اÙبراÙ
ج ÙبرÙ
جÙات Ù
جاÙÙØ©<a href="
"\"#f7\">(7)</a>Ø ÙØ·Ùب تبرعات Ù
٠اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
ÙÙ
اÙراضÙ٠أ٠بÙع خدÙ
ات دعÙ
شخصÙ. "
"ÙÙد اÙتÙÙت أشخاصÙا ÙعÙ
ÙÙ٠بÙذ٠اÙطرÙÙØ©
بÙجاØ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1110,11 +1133,11 @@
"ÙستطÙع اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠اÙØ°ÙÙ ÙÙÙ
اØتÙاجات Ù
تÙاربة تشÙÙÙ Ù
جÙ
Ùعات Ù
ستخدÙ
Ù٠تدÙع "
"اÙÙ
صارÙÙ. ÙÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙÙ
جÙ
Ùعة أ٠تتعاÙد Ù
ع شرÙات
برÙ
جة ÙÙتابة براÙ
ج ÙرÙدÙا أعضاؤÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "ÙÙ
ÙÙ ÙÙ٠أÙÙاع اÙتطÙÙر أ٠تÙ
ÙÙÙا ضرÙبة
برÙ
جÙات:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1124,7 +1147,7 @@
"تعط٠اÙØÙÙÙ
Ø© Ùذ٠اÙضرائب Ø¥ÙÙ ÙÙاÙØ© Ù
Ø«Ù Ù
ؤسسة اÙعÙÙ
اÙÙØ·ÙÙ (NSF) ÙتÙÙÙÙا عÙÙ "
"تطÙÙر اÙبرÙ
جÙات."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1137,7 +1160,7 @@
"اÙØ°Ù ÙØ£Ù
٠أ٠ÙجÙÙ Ùتائج٠عÙدÙ
ا ÙÙتÙÙ. ÙÙ
ÙÙ
ÙÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ø£Ù ÙØص٠عÙ٠إÙصاء ÙØ£Ù "
"ÙÙÙ
Ø© تبرع تزÙد ع٠Ù
جÙ
Ùع اÙضرÙبة اÙت٠عÙÙÙ
دÙعÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1145,26 +1168,26 @@
"ÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠تÙØدÙد Ùسبة اÙضرÙبة اÙÙÙÙØ© عبر
تصÙÙت ÙدÙاع٠اÙØ¶Ø±Ø§Ø¦Ø¨Ø ÙØدد Ù
Ùدار "
"اÙضرÙبة اÙت٠سÙتعÙ٠عÙÙÙÙ
دÙعÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "اÙÙتائج:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "سÙÙ ÙدعÙ
اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع اÙØ°Ù ÙستخدÙ
اÙØاسÙب
تطÙÙر اÙبراÙ
ج."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "سÙÙ ÙÙرر Ø°Ù٠اÙÙ
جتÙ
ع Ù
ستÙ٠اÙدعÙ
اÙÙ
Ø·ÙÙب."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
msgstr ""
"سÙÙ ÙتÙ
Ù٠اÙÙ
ستخدÙ
Ù٠اÙÙ
ÙتÙ
Ù٠باÙÙ
شارÙع
اÙت٠تÙا٠ØصتÙÙ
Ù
٠اختÙارÙا بأÙÙسÙÙ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1180,7 +1203,7 @@
"Ù٠اÙأسبÙع ÙÙÙÙÙا اÙÙ
ÙÙ
ات اÙÙ
Ø·ÙÙبة Ù
ÙÙÙ
ÙاÙتشرÙع ÙÙØµØ Ø§ÙعائÙØ© ÙإصÙØ§Ø Ø§ÙرÙبÙت "
"ÙاÙبØØ« ع٠اÙÙÙÙÙبات. ÙÙ ÙÙضطر Ø£Øد ÙØ£Ù ÙجÙÙ
ÙÙت٠Ù
٠اÙبرÙ
جة."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1198,11 +1221,11 @@
"ØÙ٠إÙتاج اÙبرÙ
جÙات. عÙÙÙا اÙÙÙاÙ
بذÙÙØ
ÙÙØÙÙ Ù
Ùاسب Ù٠اÙØ¥ÙتاجÙØ© اÙتÙÙÙØ© "
"ÙÙÙترجÙ
Ùا Ø¥Ù٠عÙ
٠أÙ٠عÙÙÙا."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "ÙÙاÙ
Ø´"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1229,7 +1252,7 @@
"ÙÙÙ
Ù٠أ٠Ù٠شخص ÙدÙÙ Ùسخة [Ù
٠اÙبرÙاÙ
ج]
ÙدÙÙ ØرÙØ© اÙتعاÙÙ Ù
ع اÙآخرÙ٠اÙØ°ÙÙ "
"ÙستخدÙ
ÙÙÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1238,10 +1261,21 @@
"\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1250,11 +1284,11 @@
"اÙØصÙ٠عÙÙ Ùسخ Ù
٠برÙ
جÙات غÙ٠بÙا Ù
ÙابÙØ Ù
٠أصدÙائ٠أ٠عبر اÙشبÙØ©Ø ÙÙÙÙا Ùا "
"تÙÙ٠اÙÙÙÙ
اÙخاطئ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "تÙجد شرÙات عدÙدة ÙÙذ٠اÙÙÙÙ
."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1265,14 +1299,14 @@
"اÙتÙزÙØ¹Ø Ø¹Ù٠اÙرغÙ
Ù
٠أÙÙا Ù
ؤسسة Ø®ÙرÙØ©
ÙÙÙست شرÙØ©. تستطÙع <a href=\"/order/"
"order.html\">Ø·Ùب بضائع Ù
٠اÙÙ
ؤسسة</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
msgstr ""
"ساÙÙ
ت Ù
جÙ
Ùعة Ù
٠شرÙات اÙØاسÙب Ùرابة عاÙ
1991
Ù٠تÙ
ÙÙ٠صÙاÙØ© Ù
صرÙ٠غÙÙ ÙÙسÙ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1284,10 +1318,31 @@
"less in a free software world."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1305,10 +1360,26 @@
"philosophy/not-ipr.html\">اÙØ´Ø±Ø Ø§ÙأطÙÙ</a> Ùتعر٠ÙÙÙ
ÙÙشر Ùذا اÙÙ
صطÙØ Ø§ÙÙغط "
"ÙاÙاÙØÙاز."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1340,6 +1411,7 @@
"Ùرج٠إرسا٠اÙÙصÙات اÙÙ
ÙÙطعة Ùأ٠تصØÙØات
أ٠اÙتراØات Ø¥ÙÙ <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1347,14 +1419,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"رغÙ
بذÙÙا Ùصار٠جÙدÙا ÙتÙÙÙر ترجÙ
ات دÙÙÙØ©
ذات جÙدة عاÙÙØ©Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا Ùدع٠ÙÙ
ا٠"
@@ -1365,15 +1443,15 @@
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">دÙÙ٠اÙترجÙ
Ø©</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, [-2008-] {+2008, 2009,
-# | 2010, 2014, 2015+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008-] {+2009,
+# | 2010, 2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008 Free Software "
#| "Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"ØÙÙ٠اÙÙشر:</p><p style=\"direction: ltr\">\n"
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008 Free Software "
@@ -1407,6 +1485,19 @@
msgstr "ØÙدÙثت:"
#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "رغÙ
بذÙÙا Ùصار٠جÙدÙا ÙتÙÙÙر ترجÙ
ات
دÙÙÙØ© ذات جÙدة عاÙÙØ©Ø ÙØ¥ÙÙا Ùا Ùدع٠"
+#~ "ÙÙ
ا٠اÙÙصÙص ÙØ®ÙÙÙا Ù
٠اÙأخطاء. ÙرجÙ
إرسا٠اÙتعÙÙÙات ÙاÙÙ
ÙترØات اÙÙ
تعÙÙØ© "
+#~ "بÙذا اÙشأ٠إÙ٠عÙÙا٠اÙبرÙد اÙØ¥ÙÙترÙÙÙ <a
href=\"mailto:web-";
+#~ "translators@gnu.org\"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
<p>ÙÙØصÙÙ "
+#~ "عÙ٠أ٠Ù
عÙÙÙ
ات بشأ٠تÙسÙÙ ÙتÙدÙÙ
ترجÙ
ات Ù
ÙÙعÙا اÙØ¥ÙÙترÙÙÙØ Ùرج٠اÙاطÙاع "
+#~ "عÙ٠اÙرابط اÙتاÙÙ <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">دÙÙ٠اÙترجÙ
Ø©</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
#~ "For up-to-date information about the available GNU software, please see "
#~ "the information available on our <a href=\"/home.html\">web server</a>, "
#~ "in particular our <a href=\"/software/software.html\">list of software</"
Index: po/manifesto.ca.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.ca.po,v
retrieving revision 1.36
retrieving revision 1.37
diff -u -b -r1.36 -r1.37
--- po/manifesto.ca.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.36
+++ po/manifesto.ca.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.37
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.ca\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-09-07 10:57+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Miquel Puigpelat <mpuigpe1@xtec.cat>\n"
"Language-Team: Catalan <www-ca-traductors@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
#. type: Content of: <title>
@@ -22,14 +23,28 @@
msgstr "El manifest GNU - Projecte GNU - Free Software Foundation"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "El manifest GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -43,7 +58,7 @@
"lo sense modificar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -53,7 +68,7 @@
"comuns amb un canvi en l'elecció de paraules. Les notes a peu de pà gina van
"
"ser afegides el 1993 per ajudar a aclarir aquests punts."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -65,7 +80,7 @@
"lliure</a>. Per saber com contribuir, vegeu <a href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -83,18 +98,31 @@
"\">enfocament amoral</a> sobre el mateix camp."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Què és GNU? GNU no és Unix!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, que prové de <i>GNU's Not Unix</i> (GNU no és Unix, en català ), és
el "
"nom per a un sistema complet compatible amb Unix que estic escrivint per tal "
@@ -103,7 +131,7 @@
"de programes i equipament són molt necessà ries."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -134,7 +162,7 @@
"més."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -159,7 +187,7 @@
"del MIT i els protocols de comunicació d'Internet."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -172,7 +200,7 @@
"el deixarem per algú que el vulga fer servir en aquestes."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -182,12 +210,12 @@
"'nyu')."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Per què haig d'escriure el GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -211,13 +239,26 @@
"terme contra la meva voluntat."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Com que vull continuar emprant ordinadors sense perdre el meu honor, he "
"decidit agrupar un cos suficient de programari lliure per tal de ser capaç "
@@ -227,12 +268,12 @@
"(2)</a>"
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Per què el GNU serà compatible amb l'Unix"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -245,12 +286,12 @@
"l'Unix seria molt útil perquè molta gent l'adoptés."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Com estarà disponible el GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -265,12 +306,12 @@
"versions del GNU continuen sent lliures."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Per què volen cooperar molts altres programadors"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -279,7 +320,7 @@
"ajudar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -304,7 +345,7 @@
"pensen que programar és sols una forma de fer diners."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -322,12 +363,12 @@
"diners no poden reemplaçar."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Com pots contribuir"
# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -344,7 +385,7 @@
"help.html\">la guia per ajudar al sistema operatiu GNU</a>.)"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -353,7 +394,7 @@
"diners. Demano també donacions individuals en forma de programes i treball."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -367,7 +408,7 @@
"sofisticades."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -398,7 +439,7 @@
"pròxima entre els desenvolupadors i treballarem en un grup més petit i
unit.)"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -416,22 +457,29 @@
"necessitat de viure d'una altra manera."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Per què tots els usuaris d'ordinador se'n sortiran beneficiats"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Una vegada el GNU estiga escrit, qualsevol serà capaç d'obtenir un bon "
"sistema de programari lliure, igual que disposem d'aire per respirar. <a "
"href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -443,7 +491,7 @@
"la tècnica."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -459,7 +507,7 @@
"únics que estan en la posició de fer canvis."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -476,7 +524,7 @@
"per a mi."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -486,7 +534,7 @@
"desapareixerà ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -512,7 +560,7 @@
"desfer-se de les mà scares."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -521,13 +569,13 @@
"per a un programador com respirar. Hauria de ser igual de lliure."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr ""
"Algunes objeccions als objectius del GNU que es poden rebatre fà cilment"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -536,7 +584,7 @@
"s'oferirà assistència tècnica.â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -545,11 +593,20 @@
"strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Si la gent preferÃs pagar per tenir el GNU més assistència tècnica que "
"obtenir el GNU de franc sense assistència, una empresa que oferÃs només "
@@ -557,7 +614,7 @@
"hauria de tenir èxit.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -570,7 +627,7 @@
"número suficient de clients, el venedor l'ignorarà ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -592,7 +649,7 @@
"d'ells."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -603,7 +660,7 @@
"que encara no saben com."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -623,7 +680,7 @@
"programa sense pagar pel servei."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -632,7 +689,7 @@
"pel programa per poder finançar-la.â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -641,7 +698,7 @@
"gratuïtament.â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -659,12 +716,23 @@
"reben benefici de la publicitat paguen per ella."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"D'altra banda, si molta gent obté el GNU dels seus amics i aquestes "
"companyies no tenen èxit, això mostrarà que la publicitat no era realment "
@@ -673,7 +741,7 @@
"</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -682,7 +750,7 @@
"estar davant la competència.â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -701,17 +769,26 @@
"empès dins del costós negoci de la venta de sistemes operatius."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"M'agradaria veure que el desenvolupament del GNU és finançat amb donacions "
"de molts fabricants i usuaris, reduint els costos per a ells mateixos. <a "
"href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -720,7 +797,7 @@
"creativitat?â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -735,7 +812,7 @@
"ser castigats si restringeixen l'ús d'aquests programes."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -744,7 +821,7 @@
"creativitat?â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -756,7 +833,7 @@
"programari estan basats en la destrucció."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -772,7 +849,7 @@
"deliberada."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -791,12 +868,12 @@
"de tota o part d'eixa creativitat."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âNo passaran gana els programadors?â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -809,7 +886,7 @@
"al carrer i passant gana. Fem altres coses."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -820,7 +897,7 @@
"no se'ls pot pagar un cèntim. Suposadament és tot o res."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -830,13 +907,28 @@
"com ara."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Restringir la còpia no és l'única base per al negoci del programari. Ãs
la "
"més comuna <a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> perquè permet guanyar molts diners. Si "
@@ -845,7 +937,7 @@
"Sempre hi ha nombroses maneres d'organitzar qualsevol tipus de negoci."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -860,7 +952,7 @@
"injustÃcia. (En la prà ctica continuarien guanyant molt més que els
venedors)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -869,7 +961,7 @@
"strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -880,13 +972,26 @@
"les seves vides."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"La gent que ha estudiat amb cura el tòpic dels drets de la propietat "
"intel·lectual <a href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> (com els advocats) diuen que no hi ha "
@@ -895,7 +1000,7 @@
"especÃfiques de legislació per a propòsits especÃfics."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -917,7 +1022,7 @@
"patentats."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -938,7 +1043,7 @@
"la major part dels individus que llegien els llibres. "
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -953,7 +1058,7 @@
"llicència? Quin tipus d'acte estem permetent que faci la persona?"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -974,13 +1079,13 @@
"llei li ho permetés."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âLa competència fa que les coses es facin
millor.â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -1000,7 +1105,7 @@
"tots arribaran tard a la meta."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -1015,7 +1120,7 @@
"és separar-los i penalitzar als corredors pel simple fet d'intentar lluitar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -1024,7 +1129,7 @@
"strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -1038,7 +1143,7 @@
"vivint d'aquesta forma."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1051,7 +1156,7 @@
"reducció del seu salari? La meva experiència em demostra que sÃ."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1065,7 +1170,7 @@
"gaudeix, és un premi per si mateixa."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1074,7 +1179,7 @@
"mateix treball interessant per un gran sou."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1089,7 +1194,7 @@
"ser necessà riament dolent si les companyies que paguen molt són prohibides."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1098,7 +1203,7 @@
"d'ajudar als nostres veïns, haurem d'obeir.â</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1108,7 +1213,7 @@
"tributs!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1116,7 +1221,7 @@
"strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1132,7 +1237,7 @@
"maneres si vols trobar-les. Acà hi han nombrosos exemples."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1141,7 +1246,7 @@
"sistemes operatius a la nova mà quina."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1150,11 +1255,23 @@
"donar feina també als programadors."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"La gent amb idees noves podria distribuir programes com programari gratuït "
"<a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>, demanant donacions dels usuaris satisfets, o venent "
@@ -1162,7 +1279,7 @@
"manera."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1173,14 +1290,14 @@
"programes que els membres del grup volguessin emprar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Tot tipus de desenvolupament podria ser finançat amb un Impost sobre el "
"Programari:"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1192,7 +1309,7 @@
"desenvolupament de programari."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1208,7 +1325,7 @@
"sigut pagat."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1217,24 +1334,24 @@
"sospesat d'acord amb la quantitat per la qual s'aplicarà l'impost."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Les conseqüències:"
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr ""
"La comunitat que utilitza els ordinadors dóna suport al desenvolupament de "
"programari."
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Aquesta comunitat decideix quin nivell de suport és necessari."
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1243,7 +1360,7 @@
"podran escollir-los per si mateixos."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1262,7 +1379,7 @@
"guanyar-se la vida programant."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1283,12 +1400,12 @@
"fer això, per tal d'assolir avanços tècnics en productivitat que es "
"tradueixin en menys treball per a nosaltres."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Notes"
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1319,7 +1436,7 @@
"amb altres al utilitzar-lo."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1334,10 +1451,21 @@
"explicacions."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1348,12 +1476,12 @@
"la idea equivocada."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Ja existeixen moltes d'aquestes companyies."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1366,7 +1494,7 @@
"per donar suport a la seva tasca."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1375,7 +1503,7 @@
"per donar suport al manteniment del Compilador C de GNU."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1396,10 +1524,31 @@
"guanyessin menys en un món amb programari lliure."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1419,10 +1568,26 @@
"aquest terme provoca confusió i biaix."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1462,14 +1627,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Vegeu la <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Guia de "
@@ -1480,9 +1651,15 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014, 2015-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1518,14 +1695,24 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Updated:"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Vegeu la <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Guia de "
+#~ "traducció</a> per informar-vos sobre la coordinació i publicació de les
"
+#~ "traduccions d'aquest article. <br />Contacteu amb l'<a href=\"/server/"
+#~ "standards/translations/ca/\">Equip de traducció</a> per col·laborar en
la "
+#~ "traducció al català del web de GNU."
+
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
# type: Content of: <p>
#~ msgid ""
Index: po/manifesto.cs.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.cs.po,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/manifesto.cs.po 27 Oct 2019 09:59:48 -0000 1.3
+++ po/manifesto.cs.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.4
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date:\n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -21,19 +21,20 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU Manifest â Projekt GNU â Nadace pro svobodný software"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "GNU Manifest"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
-# | href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> [-at the beginning
-# | of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and support.
-# | For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU operating
-# | system. Part of the text was taken from the original announcement of
-# | 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to account for
-# | [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it seems best to
-# | leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-] {+unchanged.+}
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> [-at the
+# | beginning of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and
+# | support. For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU
+# | operating system. Part of the text was taken from the original
+# | announcement of 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to
+# | account for [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it
+# | seems best to leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-]
+# | {+unchanged.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@
#| "it was updated in minor ways to account for developments, but now it "
#| "seems best to leave it unchanged as most people have seen it. "
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@
"podporu. NÄkolik prvnÃch let byl obnovován tak, aby odpovÃdal vývoji,
ale "
"nynà se zdá nejlepÅ¡Ã nechat jej nezmÄnÄný tak, jak jej zná vÄtÅ¡ina
lidÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@
"názvoslovÃ. Od roku 1993 byly pÅidány poznámky pod Äarou, aby
vysvÄtlily "
"tyto problémy."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | [-For up-to-date information about-]{+If you want to install the GNU/Linux
# | system, we recommend you use one of+} the [-available GNU software,
# | please-] {+<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@
"Aktuánà informace o dostupném GNU softwaru najdete na našem v <a href=\"/"
"software/software.html\">seznamu software</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -94,17 +95,30 @@
"open-source-misses-the-point.html\">amoral approach</a> to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Co je to GNU? GNU Nenà Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"Zkratka GNU znamená Gnu's Not Unix. Je to jméno kompletnÃho softwarového "
"systému kompatibilnÃho s Unixem, který pÃÅ¡i proto, abych ho dal
svobodnÄ k "
@@ -112,7 +126,7 @@
"také nÄkteÅà dalÅ¡Ã dobrovolnÃci. PÅÃspÄvky ve formÄ Äasu, penÄz,
programů a "
"vybavenà jsou též vÃtány."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -140,7 +154,7 @@
"dokumentacÃ. Doufáme, že nakonec dodáme vÅ¡e užiteÄné ze systému Unix
a jeÅ¡tÄ "
"vÃce."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -162,7 +176,7 @@
"systémové programovacà jazyky. PokusÃme se podporovat UUCP, MIT Chaosnet
a "
"internetové protokoly pro komunikaci."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -174,7 +188,7 @@
"menÅ¡Ã poÄÃtaÄe bude ponechána tÄm, kteÅà jej budou na dané
platformÄ "
"použÃvat."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -183,11 +197,11 @@
"li slovo âGNUâ jako jméno tohoto projektu. (Výslovnost v ÄeÅ¡tinÄ je
tedy "
"[gÅú] – pozn. korek.)"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ProÄ musÃm napsat GNU?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -208,12 +222,12 @@
"snahám. Tyto snahy vÅ¡ak nakonec zaÅ¡ly pÅiliÅ¡ daleko a já nemohl zůstat
v "
"instituci, kde se takové vÄci dÄly proti mé vůli."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
-# | [-away.-] {+away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>+}
+# | [-away.-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
@@ -225,19 +239,19 @@
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Abych mohl dál použÃvat poÄÃtaÄe a nemusel se stydÄt, rozhodl jsem se "
"sestavit postaÄujÃcà základ svobodného softwaru tak, abych nemusel
použÃvat "
"žádné programy, které svobodné nejsou. Opustil jsem laboratoÅ, abych
zamezil "
"vÅ¡em pÅÃpadným legálnÃm snahám MIT zabránit mi ve vývoji GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "ProÄ bude GNU kompatibilnà s Unixem"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -249,11 +263,11 @@
"slabiny Unixu, aniž bych tyto vlastnosti pokazil. DomnÃvám se také, že "
"systém kompatibilnà s Unixem může být pro mnoho lidà pÅijatelnÄjÅ¡Ã."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Jak bude GNU dostupné"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -268,11 +282,11 @@
"modifikoval, a proto považoval za vlastnà majetek). Chci zajistit, aby "
"všechny verze zůstaly svobodné."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "ProÄ chtÄjà ostatnà programátoÅi pomoci"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -280,7 +294,7 @@
"NaÅ¡el jsem mnoho dalÅ¡Ãch programátoru, kteÅà jsou GNU projektem
nadšeni a "
"chtÄjà pomoci."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -303,7 +317,7 @@
"důležitÄjÅ¡Ã. Ale ti, co vÄÅà zákonům, nemajà jednoduchý výbÄr.
Zatrpknou a "
"zaÄnou považovat programovánà pouze za cestu jak vydÄlat penÃze."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -319,11 +333,11 @@
"komerÄnÃch programů. PÅibližnÄ pro polovinu programátorů, se kterými
jsem "
"mluvil, je to důležitý pocit, který nemůže být nahrazen penÄzi."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Jak můžete pÅispÄt"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -333,7 +347,7 @@
"a>.)"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -341,7 +355,7 @@
"Žádám výrobce poÄÃtaÄů o vÄnovánà poÄÃtaÄů a penÄz. Žádám
jednotlivce, aby "
"pomohli svými programy a pracÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -353,7 +367,7 @@
"programů, rozumnÄ velké k použità v obytných prostorách a aby
nevyžadovaly "
"komplikované chlazenà nebo napájenÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -380,7 +394,7 @@
"stále ÅeÅ¡itelný úkol. (Jádro bude vyžadovat lepÅ¡Ã komunikaci a bude "
"vytvoÅeno malou skupinou.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -396,25 +410,26 @@
"nadÅ¡eným pro vÄc vÄnovat veÅ¡kerý Äas práci na GNU a uÅ¡etÅit je
nutnosti "
"živit se jiným způsobem."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "ProÄ budou mÃt vÅ¡ichni poÄÃtaÄovà uživatelé z GNU prospÄch"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
-# | free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">([-2-]{+3+})</a>
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(2)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Jakmile bude projekt dokonÄen, každý bude moci volnÄ zÃskat dobrý
systém, "
"stejnÄ jako vzduch. <a href=\"#f2\">[2]</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -425,7 +440,7 @@
"způsobeno duplicitou pÅi programovánà systémů. Toto úsilà může být
mÃsto "
"toho zamÄÅeno na zdokonalovánà systému."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -439,7 +454,7 @@
"realizovala. Uživatelé nebudou závislà na jednom programátorovi nebo "
"spoleÄnosti, která vlastnà zdrojové kódy a jediná může zmÄny
provádÄt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -455,7 +470,7 @@
"pravidlo dodržovala odmÃtánÃm instalace urÄitých programů. Byl jsem
tÃm "
"velmi inspirován."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -463,7 +478,7 @@
"KoneÄnÄ nebudeme muset zbyteÄnÄ pÅemýšlet nad tÃm, kdo vlastnÃ
systémový "
"software a kdo vlastnÄ má Äi nemá právo jej mÄnit."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -487,7 +502,7 @@
"vÅ¡ude sledujÃ, jestli si nesundáváte masku, jsou neúnosné. Je lepÅ¡Ã
platit "
"továrnu na vzduch z danà a zahodit masky."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -496,11 +511,11 @@
"pÅirozené jako dýchánà a je i stejnÄ produktivnÃ. Proto by mÄlo být
také tak "
"svobodné."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "NÄkteré snadno vyvratitelné námitky proti cÃlům GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -508,7 +523,7 @@
"<strong>âNikdo to nebude použÃvat, když je to zdarma, protože to také "
"znamená, že se nemůže spolehnout na technickou podporu.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -516,10 +531,11 @@
"<strong>âMusÃte úÄtovat za program, aby se vám zaplatilo poskytovánà "
"podpory.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
-# | free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">([-3-]{+4+})</a>
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(3)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
@@ -528,13 +544,13 @@
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Kdyby lidé radÄji platili za GNU se službami, než aby zÃskali GNU
zdarma, "
"ale bez servisu, pak by mÄla pro lidi, kteÅÃ zÃskali GNU zdarma,
existovat "
"výdÄleÄná spoleÄnost poskytujÃcà technickou podporu <a
href=\"#f3\">[3]</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -546,7 +562,7 @@
"na žádného prodejce softwaru. Pokud nemá pÅÃsluÅ¡ný problém jeÅ¡tÄ
dostateÄný "
"poÄet dalÅ¡Ãch lidÃ, máte smůlu."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -565,7 +581,7 @@
"vaÅ¡eho problému, to vÅ¡ak nemůže být svádÄno na distribuÄnà metody
GNU. GNU "
"neodstraÅuje vÅ¡echny problémy svÄta, jenom nÄkteré."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -575,7 +591,7 @@
"vedeni: dÄlajà se pro nÄ vÄci, které by snadno mohli zvládnout sami,
ale "
"nevà jak."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -593,7 +609,7 @@
"nebudou vydáni na milost a nemilost pouze jedné z nich. Ti, kteÅà servis "
"nepotÅebujÃ, budou moci použÃvat programy úplnÄ zdarma."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -601,7 +617,7 @@
"<strong>âNemůžete zÃskat mnoho uživatelů bez reklamy, a proto musÃte
úÄtovat "
"za program, abyste zÃskali potÅebné prostÅedky.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -609,7 +625,7 @@
"<strong>âNemá smysl propagovat program, který mohou lidé zÃskat
zdarma.â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -624,11 +640,12 @@
"spoleÄnostem komerÄnÄ distribuujÃcÃm GNU vyplatÃ, ale platit za ni
budou "
"pouze uživatelé, kteÅà služeb takových spoleÄnostà využÃvajÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
-# | to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">([-4-]{+5+})</a>
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
@@ -639,14 +656,14 @@
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Na druhou stranu, pokud vetÅ¡ina lidà zÃská GNU od svých pÅátel, a tyto
"
"spoleÄnosti tedy neuspÄjÃ, pak se jen ukáže, že reklama pro
rozÅ¡ÃÅenà GNU "
"důležitá nebyla. ProÄ nechtÄjà advokáti volného trhu o tomto nechat "
"rozhodnout samotný volný trh? <a href=\"#f4\">[4]</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -654,7 +671,7 @@
"<strong>âMoje spoleÄnost potÅebuje vlastnà operaÄnà systém, aby byla "
"konkurenceschopná.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -672,29 +689,31 @@
"Obchodujete-li s nÄÄÃm jiným, GNU vás uchránà pÅed nákladným
obchodovánÃm s "
"operaÄnÃmi systémy."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
-# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a
-# | href=\"#f5\">([-5-]{+6+})</a>
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(5)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Byl bych rád, kdyby vývoj GNU byl podporován dary výrobců a uživatelů,
které "
"tak snižà cenu pro každého. <a href=\"#f5\">[5]</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>âNezasloužà si programátoÅi odmÄnu za svoji
tvoÅivost?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -708,7 +727,7 @@
"nových programů, pak by si stejnÄ mÄli zasloužit trest za omezovánà "
"použÃvánà tÄchto programů."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -716,7 +735,7 @@
"<strong>âNemÄl by mÃt programátor možnost žádat odmÄnu za svou
práci?â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -726,7 +745,7 @@
"pokud se k tomu nepoužÃvajà niÄivé prostÅedky. Ale prostÅedky, dnes
obvykle "
"použÃvané v oblasti softwaru, jsou založeny na destrukci."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -739,7 +758,7 @@
"možno využÃt. To snižuje velikost bohatstvÃ, které lidstvo z programu
zÃská. "
"Å kodlivým důsledkem zámÄrného omezovánà je zámÄrná destrukce."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -757,11 +776,11 @@
"odmÄnÄn za svoji tvoÅivost, neospravedlÅuje odmÃtnutà sdÃlet se
svÄtem "
"vÅ¡echny nebo jen Äást výsledků své tvoÅivosti."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âNebudou programátoÅi hladovÄt?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -772,7 +791,7 @@
"nedokáže vydÄlávat penÃze žebránÃm na ulici. Ale nejsme odsouzeni k
tomu, "
"abychom žebrali po ulicÃch. My můžeme dÄlat nÄco jiného."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -782,7 +801,7 @@
"pÅedpoklad, že bez vlastnictvà softwaru nemohou být programátoÅi
zaplaceni "
"ani halÃÅem. To je vlastnÄ pÅedpoklad typu: vÅ¡echno nebo nic."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -790,13 +809,13 @@
"SkuteÄným důvodem, proÄ programátoÅi nebudou hladovÄt, je to, že bude
stále "
"možno být za programovánà placen, jenom ne tolik jako nynÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
-# | the most common [-basis-] {+basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>+} because it
-# | brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the
-# | customer, software business would move to other bases of organization
-# | which are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize
-# | any kind of business.
+# | the most common [-basis-] {+basis <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money. If it were
+# | prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business would move to
+# | other bases of organization which are now used less often. There are
+# | always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
@@ -806,17 +825,18 @@
#| "always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Omezovánà kopÃrovánà nenà jediným základem obchodovánà se
softwarem. Je "
"nejbÄžnÄjÅ¡Ã, protože to pÅinášà nejvÃce penÄz. Pokud by to bylo
zakázáno "
"nebo odmÃtnuto zákaznÃky, softwarový trh by pÅeÅ¡el na jiný základ,
který "
"nynà nenà tak Äastý. Je mnoho cest jak organizovat jakékoliv
obchodovánÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -830,7 +850,7 @@
"nebyla nespravedlnost. (Ve skuteÄnosti by stále jeÅ¡tÄ vydÄlali
podstatnÄ "
"vÃce.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -838,7 +858,7 @@
"<strong>âNemajà lidé právo mÃt kontrolu nad tÃm, jak jsou jejich
výtvory "
"použÃvány?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -847,12 +867,13 @@
"âKontrola nad použÃvánÃm neÄÃch nápadůâ ve skuteÄnosti znamená
kontrolu nad "
"životy ostatnÃch lidÃ; obyÄejnÄ je využita tak, že Äinà život
složitÄjÅ¡Ãm."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights-]
-# | {+rights<a href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that
-# | there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of
-# | supposed intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were
-# | created by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+# | {+rights <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as
+# | lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property.
+# | The kinds of supposed intellectual property rights that the government
+# | recognizes were created by specific acts of legislation for specific
+# | purposes.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights "
@@ -861,18 +882,18 @@
#| "rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
#| "legislation for specific purposes."
msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Lidé, kteÅà pozornÄ sledovali záležitosti práv na intelektuálnÃ
vlastnictvà "
"(jako napÅ. právnÃci), ÅÃkajÃ, že vlastnÄ Å¾Ã¡dné takové právo
neexistuje. "
"Druhy pÅedpokládaných práv na intelektuálnà vlastnictvÃ, které vláda
uznává, "
"byly urÄeny specifickými rozhodnutÃmi legislativy pro specifické úÄely."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -891,7 +912,7 @@
"náklady na zavedenà produkce, nepůsobà patenty pÅÃliÅ¡ mnoho zla.
Nejsou "
"pÅekážkou pro vÄtÅ¡inu jednotlivců, kteÅà použÃvajà patentované
produkty."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -910,7 +931,7 @@
"knihtiskem â nepůsobila Å¡kodlivÄ a neomezovala vÄtÅ¡inu jednotlivců,
kteÅÃ "
"knihy Ätou."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -924,7 +945,7 @@
"ptát: Jsme na tom opravdu lépe, když udÃlÃme takové licence? Pro jaký
druh "
"Äinnosti je jednotlivec licencován?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -943,12 +964,12 @@
"práv, Å¡kodà spoleÄnosti jako celku jak hmotnÄ, tak duchovnÄ; v této
situaci "
"by tak ÄlovÄk Äinit nemÄl, aÅ¥ už mu to zákon umožÅuje Äi nikoliv."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âSoutÄživost způsobuje, že se vÄci dÄlajÃ
lépe.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -966,7 +987,7 @@
"ostatnà bÄžce. Pokud se dostanou do pÄstnÃho zápasu, vÅ¡ichni dobÄhnou
"
"pozdÄji."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -980,7 +1001,7 @@
"vystÅelit.) SprávnÄ by je mÄl rozehnat a pokutovat bÄžce za každý
pokus o "
"rvaÄku."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -988,7 +1009,7 @@
"<strong>âNepÅestanou lidé programovat, pokud nebudou povzbuzováni
penÄžnà "
"odmÄnou?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -1000,7 +1021,7 @@
"jsou v tom nejlepÅ¡Ã. Nenà nedostatek profesionálnÃch hudebnÃku, kteÅÃ
se "
"držà hudby, i když nemajà nadÄji se tÃm uživit."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1012,7 +1033,7 @@
"by tedy mÄla znÃt: âBude nÄkdo programovat se snÞenou penÄžnÃ
odmÄnou?â "
"Moje zkuÅ¡enosti ukazujÃ, že bude."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1024,7 +1045,7 @@
"zÃskat jinde. Obdrželi mnoho druhů nepenÄžnÃch odmÄn â napÅÃklad
slávu a "
"ocenÄnÃ. TvoÅivá práce je též ocenÄnÃ, odmÄna sama za sebe."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1032,7 +1053,7 @@
"Mnoho z nich odeÅ¡lo, když jim byla nabÃdnuta možnost dÄlat stejnou
práci za "
"vÃce penÄz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1046,7 +1067,7 @@
"jsou na tom v soutÄži s dobÅe platÃcÃmi bÃdnÄ, nemusely by vÅ¡ak být,
kdyby "
"dobÅe platÃcà spoleÄnosti byly zakázány."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1054,7 +1075,7 @@
"<strong>âPotÅebujeme nutnÄ programátory. Pokud oni na nás chtÄjÃ,
abychom "
"pÅestali pomáhat sousedům, musÃme poslechnout.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1062,12 +1083,12 @@
"Nikdy nenà ÄlovÄk v takové situaci, aby musel uposlechnout takový druh "
"pÅÃkazu. Pamatujte: miliony na obranu, ale ani halÃÅ na uctÃvánÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âProgramátoÅi musà z nÄÄeho žÃt.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1081,7 +1102,7 @@
"to vÅ¡ak cesta jediná. Je snadné najÃt jiné cesty, pokud máte snahu je "
"hledat. Tady je nÄkolik pÅÃkladů."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1089,7 +1110,7 @@
"Výrobce, který vytvoÅil nový poÄÃtaÄ, zaplatà za pÅenesenÃ
operaÄnÃho "
"systému na nový hardware."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1097,26 +1118,27 @@
"Firmy obchodujÃcà s výukovými, poradenskými a udržbáÅskými službami
mohou "
"zamÄstnávat také programátory."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware,-]
-# | {+freeware<a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied
-# | users, or selling handholding services. I have met people who are already
-# | working this way successfully.
+# | {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for
+# | donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding services. I have
+# | met people who are already working this way successfully.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware, asking for "
#| "donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding services. I have "
#| "met people who are already working this way successfully."
msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Lidé s novými nápady mohou distribuovat programy jako freeware a žádat o
"
"dary od spokojených uživatelů nebo si nechat platit za poradenské
služby. "
"Poznal jsem se s lidmi, kteÅà si úspÄÅ¡nÄ tÃmto způsobem
vydÄlávajÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1126,11 +1148,11 @@
"Älenské pÅÃspÄvky. Taková skupina potom může najmout programátorskou
"
"spoleÄnost, aby napsala program, který potÅebuje."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "VÅ¡echen vývoj může být placen ze softwarové danÄ:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1140,7 +1162,7 @@
"softwarovou daÅ. Vláda dá tyto protÅedky agentuÅe jako FSF, která je
utratà "
"za vývoj softwaru."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1153,7 +1175,7 @@
"výbÄru podle toho, jaké programy potÅebuje. Z danÄ může odepsat
libovolnou "
"Äástku, kterou vÄnuje, až do celkové výše danÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1161,19 +1183,19 @@
"Velikost danÄ může být rozhodnuta pÅÃmo volbami mezi plátci danÄ,
pÅiÄemž "
"váha každého hlasu by byla stanovena sumou, kterou plátce na dani odvedl."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Důsledky:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "Uživatelé poÄÃtaÄů budou podporovat vývoj softwaru."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Uživatelé sami rozhodnou, jaké úrovnÄ podpory je tÅeba."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1181,7 +1203,7 @@
"Uživatelé budou moci rozhodnout, na které projekty bude použit jejich "
"pÅÃspÄvek."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1198,7 +1220,7 @@
"a průzkum asteroidů â se budou moci vÄnovat aktivitám, které budou
potÄÅ¡enÃm "
"â jako tÅeba programovánÃ. Nebude tÅeba se živit programovánÃm."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1217,14 +1239,14 @@
"softwarové produkce. MusÃme to dÄlat proto, aby se technický nárůst v "
"produktivitÄ odrazil v menÅ¡Ãm množstvà naÅ¡Ã práce."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Footnotes"
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Poznámky pod Äarou"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1254,7 +1276,7 @@
"dokumentu http://svobodnysoft.zde.cz a troÅ¡ku úsilà použÃvánÃ
jednoznaÄného "
"termÃnu âsvobodný softwareâ v Äeském jazyce. â pozn. korek.]"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1263,10 +1285,21 @@
"\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1275,11 +1308,11 @@
"softwaru zdarma, od kamarádů nebo pÅes sÃÅ¥. Je vÅ¡ak pÅece jen ponÄkud
"
"zavádÄjÃcÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Takové spoleÄnosti už existujÃ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
# | Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software
# | Foundation for 10 years raised most of its funds from its {+distribution
# | service. You can+} <a [-href=\"/order/order.html\">distribution
@@ -1300,7 +1333,7 @@
"penÄz z <a href=\"/order/order.html\">distribuÄnÃch služeb</a> na 10 let,
"
"ale jedná se spÃÅ¡e o charitu, než o spoleÄnost."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
@@ -1309,7 +1342,7 @@
"Skupina spoleÄnostà vytvoÅila fondy kolem roku 1991, k podpoÅe GNU C "
"Compileru."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1321,10 +1354,10 @@
"less in a free software world."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1334,10 +1367,10 @@
"spreads confusion and bias."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1370,14 +1403,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Pracujeme tvrdÄ a dÄláme to nejlepÅ¡Ã, abychom vám pÅinesli pÅesné a
kvalitnà "
@@ -1388,13 +1427,13 @@
"se dozvÃte, jak koordinovat svoji práci a posÃlat pÅeklady tohoto
Älánku."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1985, [-1993-] {+1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009,
-# | 2010, 2014, 2015+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1985, [-1993-] {+1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010,
+# | 2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Copyright © 1985, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 1985, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
@@ -1423,6 +1462,19 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Aktualizováno:"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Pracujeme tvrdÄ a dÄláme to nejlepÅ¡Ã, abychom vám pÅinesli pÅesné
a "
+#~ "kvalitnà pÅeklady. NicménÄ i my můžeme udÄlat chybu. VaÅ¡e
komentáÅe a "
+#~ "návrhy na vylepÅ¡enà vÃtáme na adrese <a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
+#~ "org\"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> <p>PÅeÄtÄte si prosÃm
<a "
+#~ "href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">PÅÃruÄku "
+#~ "pÅekladatele</a>, kde se dozvÃte, jak koordinovat svoji práci a
posÃlat "
+#~ "pÅeklady tohoto Älánku."
+
#~ msgid "<a href=\"/philosophy/philosophy.html\">Other Texts to Read</a>"
#~ msgstr "<a href=\"/philosophy/philosophy.html\">Outros textos para ler</a>"
Index: po/manifesto.de.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.de.po,v
retrieving revision 1.60
retrieving revision 1.61
diff -u -b -r1.60 -r1.61
--- po/manifesto.de.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.60
+++ po/manifesto.de.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.61
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: webmasters@gnu.org\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-06-02 22:00+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Jоегg Kоhпе <joeko (AT) online [PUNKT] de>\n"
"Language-Team: German <www-de-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,19 +16,34 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU-Manifest - GNU-Projekt - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "GNU-Manifest"
# (/gnu/initial-announcement) Verweis hinzugefügt
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -42,7 +57,7 @@
"angepasst, um neue Entwicklungen zu berücksichtigen; seither scheint es am "
"besten, den Text unveraÌndert zu belassen.</span>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -53,7 +68,7 @@
"werden können. Seit 1993 hinzugefügte Kommentare helfen diese Punkte zu "
"klären.</span>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -68,7 +83,7 @@
# ??? the project is the GNU Project project ???
# (Irrtum) sinngemäà âdanebengegriffenâ?
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -86,18 +101,31 @@
"href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point\">unmoralischen Ansatz</a> "
"auf dem gleichen Gebiet zu fördern.</span>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Was ist GNU? Gnu ist Nicht Unix!"
# #f1 /1
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"<i>GNU</i>, was für <em><span xml:lang=\"en\" lang=\"en\">Gnu's Not Unix</"
"span></em> (âGnu ist Nicht Unixâ) steht, ist der Name für das
vollständig "
@@ -107,7 +135,7 @@
"in Form von Zeit, Geld, Programmen und Ausstattung werden dringend benötigt."
# (Nroff) âNewer âroffââ
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -140,7 +168,7 @@
"Dokumentation. Wir hoffen, schlieÃlich alles Nützliche bereitstellen zu "
"können, was normalerweise zu einem Unix-System gehört und vieles mehr."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -164,7 +192,7 @@
"beabsichtigen wir UUCP, MIT Chaosnet sowie Internetprotokolle zu "
"unterstützen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -176,7 +204,7 @@
"Den zusätzlichen Aufwand, es auf kleinere Rechner zu portieren, überlassen "
"wir jemandem, der es auf diesen verwenden will."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -185,11 +213,11 @@
"em> im Wort <em>GNU</em> mit aus, wenn es sich dabei um den Namen dieses "
"Projekts handelt."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Warum ich GNU schreiben muss"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -214,13 +242,26 @@
"gegen meinen Willen geschehen."
# #f2a /2
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Damit ich weiterhin Rechner ohne Schmach benutzen kann, habe ich "
"beschlossen, eine genügend groÃe Sammlung von freier Software "
@@ -229,11 +270,11 @@
"rechtlichen Vorwand zu bieten, mich daran zu hindern, GNU zu verschenken.<a "
"href=\"#f2a\" id=\"f2a-ref\" class=\"transnote\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Warum wird GNU mit Unix kompatibel sein"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -246,11 +287,11 @@
"Und ein mit Unix kompatibles System wäre für viele Menschen angenehm zu "
"übernehmen."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Wie GNU erhältlich sein wird"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -265,11 +306,11 @@
"erlaubt sein. Ich möchte damit sicherstellen, dass alle Varianten von GNU "
"frei bleiben."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Warum viele andere Programmierer mithelfen wollen"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -277,7 +318,7 @@
"Ich habe viele andere Programmierer gefunden, die von GNU begeistert sind "
"und helfen wollen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -302,7 +343,7 @@
"Gesetz glauben, haben eine schwere Entscheidung. Sie werden zynisch und "
"betrachten Programmierung nur noch als eine Möglichkeit, Geld zu verdienen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -319,11 +360,11 @@
"rund die Hälfte der Programmierer, mit denen ich sprach, ist dies ein "
"entscheidendes Glücksgefühl, das durch Geld nicht ersetzt werden kann."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Wie Sie beitragen können"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -340,7 +381,7 @@
"<cite><a href=\"/help/\">Ein Leitfaden zur Unterstützung des Betriebssystems
"
"GNU</a></cite>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -348,7 +389,7 @@
"Ich bitte Rechnerhersteller um Rechner- und Geldspenden. Einzelpersonen "
"bitte ich um Spenden in Form von Programmen und Mitwirkung."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -360,7 +401,7 @@
"gebrauchsfertige Systeme sein, in einer Wohnung benutzt werden können und "
"keine auÃergewöhnliche Kühlung oder Stromversorgung benötigen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -391,7 +432,7 @@
"Systemkern erfordert eine genauere Kommunikation und wird von einer kleinen, "
"festen Gruppe bearbeitet)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -409,21 +450,28 @@
"von der Notwendigkeit freimache, ihren Lebensunterhalt auf andere Weise zu "
"verdienen."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Warum alle Rechnerbenutzer profitieren"
# #f2 /3
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Sobald GNU geschrieben ist, wird jedermann in der Lage sein, gute "
"Systemsoftware frei zu erhalten, so wie Luft.<a href=\"#f2\" id=\"f2-ref\" "
"class=\"transnote\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -434,7 +482,7 @@
"Programmieraufwand vermieden werden kann. Diese Anstrengungen können "
"stattdessen eingesetzt werden, um den Stand der Technik voranzubringen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -449,7 +497,7 @@
"einzelner Programmierer oder Unternehmen abhängig sein, welche den Quelltext
"
"besitzen und daher als einzige Ãnderungen vornehmen können."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -466,7 +514,7 @@
"bestimmte Programme tatsächlich nicht installiert wurden. Ich war sehr "
"begeistert."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -474,7 +522,7 @@
"Und schlieÃlich wird auch der Verwaltungsaufwand vermieden, zu überlegen, "
"wem die Systemsoftware gehört und was man damit tun darf und was nicht."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -501,7 +549,7 @@
"ungeheuerlich. Es ist besser, die Luftanlage mit einer Pro-Kopf-Steuer zu "
"finanzieren und die Masken wegzuwerfen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -510,12 +558,12 @@
"ebenso selbstverständlich wie das Atmen, und genauso nutzbringend. Es sollte
"
"genauso frei sein."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Einige leicht zu entkräftende Einwände gegen die Ziele von GNU"
# (free) within the meaning of gratis (âumsonstâ, âkostenlosâ)
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -524,7 +572,7 @@
"bedeutet, sich nicht auf Unterstützung verlassen zu können.</q></cite></"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -533,11 +581,20 @@
"anbieten zu können.</q></cite></strong>"
# #f3 /4
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Wenn man für GNU mit Dienstleistung eher bezahlen würde als GNU ohne "
"Dienstleistung umsonst zu erhalten, sollte ein Unternehmen, dass diese "
@@ -545,7 +602,7 @@
"haben, profitabel sein.<a href=\"#f3\" id=\"f3-ref\" class=\"transnote\">(4)"
"</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -557,7 +614,7 @@
"Softwarehändler erwarten kann. Wenn Ihr Problem nicht von genügend Personen
"
"geteilt wird, wird der Händler Ihnen sagen, Sie hätten sich verlaufen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -578,7 +635,7 @@
"liegt dann nicht an den Vertriebsbedingungen. GNU beseitigt nicht alle "
"Probleme der Welt, sondern nur bestimmte."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -587,7 +644,7 @@
"Gleichzeitig sind Anwender ohne Rechnerwissen auf Hilfe angewiesen: Dinge "
"erledigen, die sie leicht selbst tun könnten, aber nicht wissen, wie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -607,7 +664,7 @@
"Dienstleistung nicht benötigen, in der Lage sein, das Programm zu benutzen, "
"ohne die Dienstleistung bezahlen zu müssen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -616,7 +673,7 @@
"man muss etwas für das Programm berechnen, um dies zu ermöglichen.</q></"
"cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -624,7 +681,7 @@
"<strong><cite><q>Es bringt nichts Werbung für ein Programm zu machen, was "
"man umsonst bekommen kann.</q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -643,12 +700,23 @@
"profitieren."
# #f4 /5
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Wenn andererseits viele Personen GNU von ihren Freunden erhalten und solche "
"Unternehmen keinen Erfolg haben, zeigt dies, dass Werbung in Wirklichkeit "
@@ -656,7 +724,7 @@
"freien Marktwirtschaft nicht den freien Markt darüber entscheiden lassen?<a "
"href=\"#f4\" id=\"f4-ref\" class=\"transnote\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -664,7 +732,7 @@
"<strong><cite><q>Mein Unternehmen benötigt ein proprietäres Betriebssystem,
"
"um einen Wettbewerbsvorteil zu bekommen.</q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -684,16 +752,25 @@
"gedrängt zu werden, Betriebssysteme zu verkaufen."
# #f5 /6
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ich würde es gerne sehen, wenn viele Hersteller und Benutzer die Entwicklung
"
"von GNU durch Spenden unterstützen würden, um die Kosten für jeden
einzelnen "
"zu senken.<a href=\"#f5\" id=\"f5-ref\" class=\"transnote\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -701,7 +778,7 @@
"<strong><cite><q>Verdienen Programmierer nicht eine Belohnung für ihre "
"Kreativität?</q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -715,7 +792,7 @@
"für das Schreiben innovativer Programme verdienen, müssten sie aus
demselben "
"Grunde bestraft werden, wenn sie die Nutzung dieser Programme einschränken."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -723,7 +800,7 @@
"<strong><cite><q>Sollte ein Programmierer nicht eine Belohnung für seine "
"Kreativität verlangen dürfen?</q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -734,7 +811,7 @@
"Zeit auf diesem Gebiet gebräuchlichen Mittel basieren auf einer Form von "
"Zerstörung."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -749,7 +826,7 @@
"Beschränkung eine bewusste Entscheidung, sind die schädlichen Auswirkungen "
"absichtliche Zerstörung."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -768,12 +845,12 @@
"eigene Kreativität belohnt zu werden, rechtfertigt nicht die Welt im "
"allgemeinen von allen oder einem Teil dieser Kreativität zu berauben."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong><cite><q>Werden Programmierer nicht verhungern?</q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -786,7 +863,7 @@
"verurteilt, unser Leben stehend auf der StraÃe zu verbringen, Grimassen "
"schneidend und verhungernd. Wir tun etwas anderes."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -797,7 +874,7 @@
"möglicherweise kein Cent bezahlt werden würde. Vermeintlich Alles oder "
"Nichts."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -807,13 +884,28 @@
"nur halt nicht ganz so viel wie jetzt."
# #f8 /7
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Eingeschränktes Kopieren ist nicht die einzige Grundlage für geschäftliche
"
"Software. Es ist die üblichste Basis<a href=\"#f8\" id=\"f8-ref\" class="
@@ -822,7 +914,7 @@
"organisatorische Grundlagen bewegen, die zur Zeit weniger häufig verwendet "
"werden. Es gibt immer viele Möglichkeiten, Geschäfte zu organisieren."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -837,7 +929,7 @@
"die gleichen Gehälter beziehen, wäre dies ebenfalls nicht ungerecht. (In
der "
"Praxis würden sie auch weiterhin deutlich mehr beziehen.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -845,7 +937,7 @@
"<strong><cite><q>Haben Menschen nicht das Recht zu kontrollieren, wie ihre "
"Ideen verwendet werden?</q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -856,13 +948,26 @@
"und wird i. d. R. eingesetzt, um den Menschen das Leben zu erschweren."
# #f6 /8
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Personen, die die Frage der Rechte am geistigen Eigentum<a href=\"#f6\" id="
"\"f6-ref\" class=\"transnote\">(8)</a> aufmerksam untersucht haben (z. "
@@ -871,7 +976,7 @@
"geistigen Eigentum wurden durch besondere Rechtsvorschriften für bestimmte "
"Zwecke geschaffen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -891,7 +996,7 @@
"Produktionskosten gering sind, schaden Patente oft nicht viel. Sie behindern "
"die meisten Einzelpersonen, die patentierte Produkte benutzen, nicht."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -911,7 +1016,7 @@
"vervielfältigt werden konnten ‑ schadete es wenig, und "
"behindert dadurch die meisten Leser nicht."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -925,7 +1030,7 @@
"Sind wir wirklich durch die Gewährung solcher Lizenzen besser gestellt? "
"Welche Art der Handlung erlauben wir einer Person dadurch zu tun?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -946,14 +1051,14 @@
"auch spirituell schadet; eine Situation, in der eine Person kein "
"Urheberrecht einfordern sollte, unabhängig davon, ob es das Recht
ermöglicht."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong><cite><q>Wettbewerb bringt Dinge dazu, besser gemacht zu werden.</"
"q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -972,7 +1077,7 @@
" wie z. B. andere Läufer anzugreifen. Wenn die Läufer in einen "
"Faustkampf geraten, werden sie alle den Lauf später beenden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -987,7 +1092,7 @@
"man einen Schuss abfeuernâ). Er sollte sie stattdessen auseinanderbringen "
"und Läufer bereits für den Versuch eines Angriffs bestrafen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -995,7 +1100,7 @@
"<strong><cite><q>Wird ohne finanziellen Ansporn nicht jeder aufhören zu "
"programmieren?</q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -1008,7 +1113,7 @@
"gibt keinen Mangel an professionellen Musikern, die am Ball bleiben, obwohl "
"sie keine Hoffnung, haben ihren Lebensunterhalt zu bestreiten."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1021,7 +1126,7 @@
"reduzierten finanziellen Ansporn programmieren wird? Meine Erfahrung zeigt, "
"dass sie werden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1033,7 +1138,7 @@
"können. Sie erhielten nicht-finanzielle Belohnungen: Ruhm und Anerkennung, "
"zum Beispiel. Und Kreativität ist auch SpaÃ, eine Belohnung in sich."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1041,7 +1146,7 @@
"Dann gingen die meisten von ihnen, als sich eine Chance bot, dieselbe "
"interessante Arbeit für viel Geld zu tun."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1055,7 +1160,7 @@
"zahlende Unternehmen sehen schlecht im Wettbewerb mit hoch zahlenden aus, "
"müssen sich aber nicht schlecht machen, wenn hoch zahlende untersagt sind."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1064,7 +1169,7 @@
"möchten, dass wir aufhören unseren Mitmenschen zu helfen, müssen wir
folgen."
"</q></cite></strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1073,14 +1178,14 @@
"nachgeben müssen. Vergessen Sie nicht: Millionen für die Verteidigung, aber
"
"nicht einen Cent für Anerkennung!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong><cite><q>Programmierer müssen von irgendetwas leben.</q></cite></"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1096,7 +1201,7 @@
"andere Wege zu finden, wenn man sie finden möchte. Hier sind einige "
"Beispiele."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1104,7 +1209,7 @@
"Ein Rechnerhersteller, der einen neuen Rechner einführt, zahlt für die "
"Portierung des Betriebssystems auf die neue Hardware."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1113,18 +1218,30 @@
"beschäftigt werden."
# #f7 /9
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Menschen mit neuen Ideen können Programme als Freeware<a href=\"#f7\" id="
"\"f7-ref\" class=\"transnote\">(9)</a> verbreiten, zufriedene Benutzer um "
"Spenden bitten oder Dienstleistungen rentabel anbieten. Ich bin einigen "
"Personen begegnet, die bereits erfolgreich auf diese Weise arbeiten."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1134,12 +1251,12 @@
"Beiträge zahlen. Die Gruppe würde dann Programmierfirmen damit beauftragen,
"
"Programme zu schreiben, die die Mitglieder verwenden möchten."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Alle Arten der Entwicklung können mit einer Softwaresteuer finanziert
werden:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1150,7 +1267,7 @@
"der <span xml:lang=\"en\" lang=\"en\">National Science Foundation</span> "
"(NSF), um es für die Softwareentwicklung einzusetzen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1165,7 +1282,7 @@
"Spendenbeitrag bis zur gesamten Steuerschuld, die er zu zahlen hatte, "
"anrechnen lassen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1173,21 +1290,21 @@
"Der gesamte Steuersatz könnte durch ein Votum der Steuerzahler beschlossen "
"werden, entsprechend dem auf sie zu besteuernden Betrag."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Die Konsequenzen: "
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "Die rechnernutzende Gemeinschaft unterstützt die Softwareentwicklung."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr ""
"Diese Gemeinschaft entscheidet, welches Niveau der Unterstützung "
"erforderlich ist."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1195,7 +1312,7 @@
"Benutzer, denen es darauf ankommt, an welchen Projekten sie sich beteiligen, "
"können dies selbst entscheiden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1213,7 +1330,7 @@
"Familienberatung, Roboterreparatur und Asteroidenprospektierung. Es wird "
"keine Notwendigkeit geben, von Programmierung zu leben."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1234,11 +1351,11 @@
"technische Fortschritte in Sachen Produktivität zu erzielen, die sich in "
"weniger Arbeit für uns alle äuÃern werden."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "FuÃnoten"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1270,7 +1387,7 @@
"dass jedermann, der eine Kopie besitzt, auch die Freiheit beim Gebrauch "
"dieser Kopie mit anderen zu kooperieren hat."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1285,10 +1402,21 @@
"html#GiveAwaySoftware\"><em>Zu vermeidende Wörter</em></a> für weitere "
"Informationen."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1298,12 +1426,12 @@
" man kann Kopien von GNU-Software kostenlos von Freunden oder über das "
"Internet erhalten. Aber es lässt auf die falsche Idee schlieÃen."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"#f3-ref\">â</a> Inzwischen gibt es mehrere solcher Unternehmen."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1317,7 +1445,7 @@
"href=\"/order/order.html\">Artikel von der FSF bestellen</a>, um ihre Arbeit "
"zu unterstützen."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1325,7 +1453,7 @@
"<a href=\"#f5-ref\">â</a> Eine Gruppe von Rechnerfirmen hat um 1991 Kapital
"
"angesammelt, um die Wartung des GNU C-Compilers zu unterstützen."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1347,10 +1475,31 @@
"Deshalb erwarte ich nicht, dass die meisten bezahlten Programmierer weniger "
"in einer Welt der freien Software verdienen würden."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1372,10 +1521,26 @@
"Eigentumâ? Eine verführerische Illusionâ</cite></a>, wie dieser Begriff "
"Verwechslungsgefahr und Voreingenommenheit verbreitet."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1416,14 +1581,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Bei der Ãbersetzung dieses Werkes wurde mit gröÃter Sorgfalt vorgegangen. "
@@ -1437,12 +1608,18 @@
"standards/README.translations\">LIESMICH für Ãbersetzungen</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014 "
+#| "Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014 <span "
+"xml:lang=\"en\" lang=\"en\">Free Software Foundation, Inc.</span>"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
@@ -1475,13 +1652,19 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Letzte Ãnderung:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
@@ -1510,13 +1693,6 @@
#~ "\">http://www.gnu.org/help/</a>."
#~ msgid ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014 "
-#~ "Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014 "
-#~ "<span xml:lang=\"en\" lang=\"en\">Free Software Foundation, Inc.</span>"
-
-#~ msgid ""
#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free "
#~ "Software Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgstr ""
Index: po/manifesto.el-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.el-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- po/manifesto.el-diff.html 8 Jun 2021 08:44:38 -0000 1.17
+++ po/manifesto.el-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.18
@@ -11,15 +11,27 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnu-history" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>The GNU Manifesto
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/manifesto.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>The GNU Manifesto</h2>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="comment"></em></ins></span>
<p> The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written
-by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> <span
class="removed"><del><strong>at the beginning
+by <a
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard</em></ins></span>
Stallman</a> <span class="removed"><del><strong>at the beginning
of the GNU Project,</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>in
1985</em></ins></span> to
ask for <span class="removed"><del><strong>participation and support.
For</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>support in
developing</em></ins></span> the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>first few years,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU operating system. Part of the
@@ -50,14 +62,16 @@
“open source”—that term was coined in 1998 by people
who disagree with the Free Software Movement's ethical values. They
use it to promote an
-<a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">amoral
approach</a> to the same field.</p></em></ins></span>
+<a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">amoral
approach</a> to the same field.</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div></em></ins></span>
<h3 id="whats-gnu">What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!</h3>
<p>
GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give
-it away free to everyone who can use it.<a href="#f1">(1)</a>
Several
+it away free to everyone who can use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>it.<a
href="#f1">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>it <a class="ftn"
href="#f1">[1]</a>.</em></ins></span> Several
other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money,
programs and equipment are greatly needed.</p>
@@ -116,7 +130,7 @@
decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I
will be able to get along without any software that is not free. I
have resigned from the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent
-me from giving GNU away.<a href="#f2a">(2)</a></p>
+me from giving GNU <span class="removed"><del><strong>away.<a
href="#f2a">(2)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>away <a class="ftn"
href="#f2a">[2]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<h3 id="compatible">Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix</h3>
@@ -165,7 +179,9 @@
<h3 id="contribute">How You Can Contribute</h3>
-<blockquote>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><blockquote></strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="comment"></em></ins></span>
<p>
(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a
href="http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects">High Priority Projects
@@ -174,7 +190,8 @@
ways to help, see <a href="/help/help.html">the guide to helping
the GNU operating system</a>.)
</p>
-</blockquote>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></blockquote></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
<p>
I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and
@@ -213,7 +230,7 @@
<p>
Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system
-software free, just like air.<a href="#f2">(3)</a></p>
+software free, just like <span class="removed"><del><strong>air.<a
href="#f2">(3)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>air <a class="ftn"
href="#f2">[3]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix
@@ -259,18 +276,23 @@
<h3 id="rebutted-objections">Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's
Goals</h3>
-<p id="support">
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><dl>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="support">
<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means
-they can't rely on any support.”</strong></p>
+they can't rely on any <span
class="removed"><del><strong>support.”</strong></p>
-<p>
-<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing
-the support.”</strong></p>
+<p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>support.”</strong></dt>
+<dt></em></ins></span>
+<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing
+the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>support.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>support.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free
without service, a company to provide just service to people who have
-obtained GNU free ought to be profitable.<a
href="#f3">(4)</a></p>
+obtained GNU free ought to be <span
class="removed"><del><strong>profitable.<a
href="#f3">(4)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>profitable <a class="ftn"
href="#f3">[4]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming
@@ -302,14 +324,19 @@
particular one. Meanwhile, those of us who don't need the service
should be able to use the program without paying for the service.</p>
-<p id="advertising">
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="advertising">
<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and
-you must charge for the program to support
that.”</strong></p>
+you must charge for the program to support <span
class="removed"><del><strong>that.”</strong></p>
-<p>
+<p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>that.”</strong></dt>
+<dt></em></ins></span>
<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get
-free.”</strong></p>
-
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>free.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>free.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be
used to inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But
@@ -323,12 +350,15 @@
On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and
such companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not
really necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates
-don't want to let the free market decide this?<a
href="#f4">(5)</a></p>
+don't want to let the free market decide <span
class="removed"><del><strong>this?<a href="#f4">(5)</a></p>
-<p id="competitive">
-<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get
-a competitive edge.”</strong></p>
+<p</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>this? <a
class="ftn" href="#f4">[5]</a></p>
+</dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="competitive">
+<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get
+a competitive <span
class="removed"><del><strong>edge.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>edge.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of
competition. You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but
@@ -341,12 +371,16 @@
<p>
I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
-manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a
href="#f5">(6)</a></p>
+manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>each.<a href="#f5">(6)</a></p>
-<p id="deserve">
-<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their
-creativity?”</strong></p>
+<p</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>each <a
class="ftn" href="#f5">[6]</a>.</p>
+</dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="deserve">
+<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>creativity?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>creativity?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution.
Creativity can be a social contribution, but only in so far as society
@@ -354,10 +388,13 @@
creating innovative programs, by the same token they deserve to be
punished if they restrict the use of these programs.</p>
-<p id="reward">
-<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for
-his creativity?”</strong></p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="reward">
+<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for
+his <span
class="removed"><del><strong>creativity?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>creativity?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to
maximize one's income, as long as one does not use means that are
@@ -381,9 +418,12 @@
does not justify depriving the world in general of all or part of that
creativity.</p>
-<p id="starve">
-<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong></p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="starve">
+<strong>“Won't programmers <span
class="removed"><del><strong>starve?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>starve?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us
cannot manage to get any money for standing on the street and making
@@ -403,7 +443,7 @@
<p>
Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software.
-It is the most common basis<a href="#f8">(7)</a> because it brings
in
+It is the most common <span class="removed"><del><strong>basis<a
href="#f8">(7)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>basis <a class="ftn"
href="#f8">[7]</a></em></ins></span> because it brings in
the most money. If it
were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business would
move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
@@ -417,10 +457,13 @@
either. (In practice they would still make considerably more than
that.)</p>
-<p id="right-to-control">
-<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their
-creativity is used?”</strong></p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="right-to-control">
+<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their
+creativity is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>used?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>used?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes
control over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make
@@ -428,7 +471,8 @@
<p>
People who have studied the issue of intellectual property
-rights<a href="#f6">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that
there
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>rights<a
href="#f6">(8)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>rights <a class="ftn"
href="#f6">[8]</a></em></ins></span> carefully (such as lawyers) say
that there
is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were
created by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.</p>
@@ -471,10 +515,14 @@
both materially and spiritually; in which a person should not do so
regardless of whether the law enables him to.</p>
-<p id="competition">
-<strong>“Competition makes things get done
-better.”</strong></p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="competition">
+<strong>“Competition makes things get done
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>better.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>better.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we
encourage everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this
@@ -491,10 +539,14 @@
yards you run, you can fire one shot”). He really ought to
break them up, and penalize runners for even trying to fight.</p>
-<p id="stop-programming">
-<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary
-incentive?”</strong></p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="stop-programming">
+<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>incentive?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>incentive?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary
incentive. Programming has an irresistible fascination for some
@@ -526,17 +578,23 @@
in competition with high-paying ones, but they do not have to do badly
if the high-paying ones are banned.</p>
-<p id="desperate">
-<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand
-that we stop helping our neighbors, we have to
obey.”</strong></p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="desperate">
+<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand
+that we stop helping our neighbors, we have to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>obey.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>obey.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand.
Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!</p>
-<p id="living">
-<strong>“Programmers need to make a living
somehow.”</strong></p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+<dt</em></ins></span> id="living">
+<strong>“Programmers need to make a living <span
class="removed"><del><strong>somehow.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>somehow.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways
that programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a
@@ -555,7 +613,8 @@
<p>
People with new ideas could distribute programs as
-freeware<a href="#f7">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>freeware<a
href="#f7">(9)</a>,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>freeware <a class="ftn"
href="#f7">[9]</a>,</em></ins></span> asking for donations from
satisfied
users, or selling handholding services. I have met people who are
already working this way successfully.</p>
@@ -592,6 +651,10 @@
<li>Users who care which projects their share is spent on can
choose this for themselves.</li>
</ul>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+</dl>
+<div class="column-limit"></div></em></ins></span>
+
<p>
In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the
postscarcity world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to
@@ -610,9 +673,9 @@
competition. Free software will greatly reduce these drains in the
area of software production. We must do this, in order for technical
gains in productivity to translate into less work for us.</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div
class="column-limit"></div></em></ins></span>
-
-<h3 id="footnotes">Footnotes</h3>
+<h3 <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footnotes">Footnotes</h3></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footnotes"
class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<!-- The anchors do not match the actual footnote numbers because of
revisions over time. And if a new footnote is added, the references
@@ -641,7 +704,7 @@
Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation.</li>
<li id="f2">This is another place I failed to distinguish
-carefully between the two different meanings of “free”.
+carefully between the two different meanings of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“free”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“free.”</em></ins></span>
The statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
suggest the wrong idea.</li>
@@ -670,7 +733,8 @@
<li id="f6">In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing
it was to speak of “the issue” of “intellectual
-property”. That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>property”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>property.”</em></ins></span> That term
is obviously biased; more subtle is the
fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
“intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
@@ -680,7 +744,7 @@
this term spreads confusion and bias.</li>
<li id="f7">Subsequently we learned to distinguish
-between “free software” and “freeware”. The
+between “free software” and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“freeware”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“freeware.”</em></ins></span> The
term “freeware” means software you are free to
redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and change the
source code, so most of it is not free software. See
@@ -688,10 +752,11 @@
Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation.</li>
</ol>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footer"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footer" role="contentinfo"></em></ins></span>
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -709,13 +774,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -736,7 +801,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010,
<span class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2014, 2015</em></ins></span>
+<p>Copyright © 1985, 1993, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2003,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2004,</em></ins></span> 2005, 2007, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2008,</strong></del></span> 2009, 2010, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2014</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2015, 2021</em></ins></span>
Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>
@@ -753,11 +818,12 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/06/08 08:44:38 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></div></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div><!-- for class="inner", starts
in the banner include --></em></ins></span>
</body>
</html>
</pre></body></html>
Index: po/manifesto.el.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.el.po,v
retrieving revision 1.30
retrieving revision 1.31
diff -u -b -r1.30 -r1.31
--- po/manifesto.el.po 8 Jun 2021 08:44:38 -0000 1.30
+++ po/manifesto.el.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.31
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: www-el_v0.2.0\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-04-11 15:52+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Georgios Zarkadas <gz@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Greek <www-el-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -24,19 +24,20 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Το μανιÏÎÏÏο ÏοÏ
GNU - ÎÏγο GNU - ÎδÏÏ
μα
ÎλεÏθεÏοÏ
ÎογιÏμικοÏ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "Το μανιÏÎÏÏο ÏοÏ
GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
-# | href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> [-at the beginning
-# | of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and support.
-# | For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU operating
-# | system. Part of the text was taken from the original announcement of
-# | 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to account for
-# | [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it seems best to
-# | leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-] {+unchanged.+}
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> [-at the
+# | beginning of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and
+# | support. For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU
+# | operating system. Part of the text was taken from the original
+# | announcement of 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to
+# | account for [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it
+# | seems best to leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-]
+# | {+unchanged.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@
#| "it was updated in minor ways to account for developments, but now it "
#| "seems best to leave it unchanged as most people have seen it."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@
"εξελίξειÏ, αλλά ÏÏÏα ÏαίνεÏαι καλÏÏεÏο να
ÏαÏαμÎνει ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î±Î»Î»Î±Î³ÎÏ, ÏÏÏÏ Ïο "
"είδε ο ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÏÏμοÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@
"διαÏοÏεÏική διαÏÏÏÏÏη θα βοηθοÏÏε να
είÏαν αÏοÏεÏ
Ïθεί. Îι Ï
ÏοÏημειÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
"
"ÏÏοÏÏÎθηκαν αÏÏ Ïο 1993 βοηθοÏν ÏÏη διεÏ
κÏίνιÏη αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν ÏημείÏν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@
"a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -86,17 +87,30 @@
"open-source-misses-the-point.html\">amoral approach</a> to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Τι είναι Ïο GNU; Το Gnu δεν είναι Unix! (Gnu's Not
Unix!)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"To GNU, Ïο οÏοίο είναι ÏÏ
νÏομογÏαÏία ÏοÏ
Gnu's
Not Unix, είναι Ïο Ïνομα ÏοÏ
"
"ÏλήÏοÏ
Ï, ÏÏ
μβαÏÎ¿Ï Î¼Îµ Unix ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏοÏ
γÏάÏÏ, ÏÏÏε να Ïο δÏÏÏ "
@@ -104,7 +118,7 @@
"a> ÎιάÏοÏοι άλλοι εθελονÏÎÏ Î¼Îµ βοηθοÏν.
ΧÏειάζονÏαι ιδιαίÏεÏα ÏÏ
νειÏÏοÏÎÏ "
"Ïε ÏÏÏνο, ÏÏήμα, ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα και
εξοÏλιÏμÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -136,7 +150,7 @@
"ο,ÏιδήÏοÏε ÏÏήÏιμο ÎÏÏεÏαι ÏÏ
νήθÏÏ Î¼Î±Î¶Î¯
με Îνα ÏÏÏÏημα Unix, και ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏα "
"ακÏμη."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -160,7 +174,7 @@
"Îα ÏÏοÏÏαθήÏοÏ
με να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξοÏ
με Ïα UUCP,
MIT Chaosnet, και Ïα ÏÏÏÏÏκολλα "
"ÏοÏ
ÎιαδικÏÏοÏ
για εÏικοινÏνίεÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -172,7 +186,7 @@
"αÏ
ÏÎÏ. ΠεÏιÏλÎον ÏÏοÏÏάθεια για να
ÏÏÎξει Ïε μικÏÏÏεÏÎµÏ Î¼Î·ÏανÎÏ, θα μείνει "
"Ïε ÏÏοÏ
Ï ÎµÏιθÏ
μοÏν να Ïο ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏοÏ
ν
Ï' εκείνεÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -180,11 +194,11 @@
"Îια Ïην αÏοÏÏ
γή ÏÏομεÏÎ®Ï ÏÏγÏÏ
ÏηÏ,
ÏαÏακαλοÏμε ÏÏοÏÎÏεÏε Ïο <em>g</em> ÏÏη "
"λÎξη “GNU” ÏÏαν είναι Ïο Ïνομα αÏ
ÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÎÏγοÏ
."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ÎιαÏί ÏÏÎÏει να γÏάÏÏ Ïο GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -208,13 +222,26 @@
"ÏαÏαμÎÎ½Ï Ïε Îνα ίδÏÏ
μα ÏÏοÏ
ÏÏ
μβαίνοÏ
ν
ÏÎÏοια ÏÏάγμαÏα για μÎνα, ενάνÏια ÏÏη "
"θÎληÏή μοÏ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Î ÏοκειμÎνοÏ
να μÏοÏÏ Î½Î± ÏÏ
νεÏίÏÏ Î½Î±
ÏÏηÏιμοÏÎ¿Î¹Ï Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÎÏ ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î±ÏίμÏÏη, "
"αÏοÏάÏιÏα να ÏÏ
ναθÏοίÏÏ Îνα Î¹ÎºÎ±Î½Ï ÏÏμα
ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ, ÎÏÏι ÏÏÏε να "
@@ -223,11 +250,11 @@
"ÏÏο MIT, οÏοιαδήÏοÏε νομική δικαιολογία ÏοÏ
να με εμÏοδίÏει να διαθÎÏÏ Ïο "
"GNU δÏÏεάν.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "ÎιαÏί Ïο GNU θα είναι ÏÏ
μβαÏÏ Î¼Îµ Ïο Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -240,11 +267,11 @@
"αλλοιÏÏÏ. Îι Îνα λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα ÏÏ
μβαÏÏ Î¼Îµ to Unix θα ήÏαν Î²Î¿Î»Î¹ÎºÏ Î³Î¹Î± "
"ÏολλοÏÏ Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î½Î± Ïο Ï
ιοθεÏήÏοÏ
ν."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Î ÏÏ Î¸Î± γίνει η διάθεÏη ÏοÏ
GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -259,11 +286,11 @@
"μεÏαÏÏοÏÎÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ θα εÏιÏÏÎÏονÏαι. ÎÎÎ»Ï Î½Î±
εξαÏÏαλίÏÏ ÏÏÏ ÏÎ»ÎµÏ Î¿Î¹ εκδÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
"
"GNU θα ÏαÏαμείνοÏ
ν ελεÏθεÏεÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "ÎιαÏί Ïολλοί άλλοι ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ
θÎλοÏ
ν να βοηθήÏοÏ
ν"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -271,7 +298,7 @@
"ÎÏÏ Î²Ïει ÏολλοÏÏ Î¬Î»Î»Î¿Ï
Ï ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ
ÏοÏ
είναι ενθοÏ
ÏιαÏμÎνοι με Ïο GNU "
"και θÎλοÏ
ν να βοηθήÏοÏ
ν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -297,7 +324,7 @@
"κÏ
νικοί και ÏιÏÏεÏοÏ
ν ÏÏÏ Î¿
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ αÏλÏÏ ÎÎ½Î±Ï ÏÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î½Î±
"
"κεÏδίζει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï ÏÏήμαÏα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -315,11 +342,11 @@
"ÏοÏ
Ï Î¼Î¹ÏοÏÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
αÏεÏ
θÏνομαι, αÏ
Ïή είναι μια "
"ÏημανÏική εÏ
ÏÏ
Ïία Ïην οÏοία Ïα ÏÏήμαÏα
δεν μÏοÏοÏν να Ïην ανÏικαÏαÏÏήÏοÏ
ν."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Î ÏÏ Î¼ÏοÏείÏε να ÏÏ
νειÏÏÎÏεÏε"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -335,7 +362,7 @@
"άλλοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î½Î± βοηθήÏεÏε, δείÏε <a
href=\"/help/help.html\">Ïον Î¿Î´Î·Î³Ï Î³Î¹Î± "
"να βοηθήÏεÏε Ïο λειÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏÏημα GNU</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -343,7 +370,7 @@
"ÎηÏÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαÏκεÏ
αÏÏÎÏ Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÏν
δÏÏεÎÏ Î¼Î·ÏανημάÏÏν και ÏÏημάÏÏν. "
"ÎÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î¹Î´Î¹ÏÏÎµÏ Î¶Î·ÏÏ Î´ÏÏεÎÏ ÏÏογÏαμμάÏÏν
και εÏγαÏίαÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -355,7 +382,7 @@
"ÎÏοιμα ÏÏÎ¿Ï ÏÏήÏη ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏα, εγκεκÏιμÎνα
για ÏÏήÏη Ïε καÏοικημÎÎ½ÎµÏ ÏεÏιοÏÎÏ, "
"και ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î±Î½Î¬Î³ÎºÎ· αÏÏ Î¹Î´Î¹Î±Î¯ÏεÏη ÏÏξη ή
ÏαÏοÏή ενÎÏγειαÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -387,7 +414,7 @@
"εÏιÏεÏξιμη εÏγαÏία. (Î ÏÏ
ÏÎ®Î½Î±Ï Î¸Î±
αÏαιÏήÏει ÏÏενÏÏεÏη εÏικοινÏνία και θα "
"ÏÏαγμαÏοÏοιηθεί αÏÏ Î¼Î¹Î± μικÏή, ÏÏιÏÏή
ομάδα.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -405,19 +432,26 @@
"Ïο να ÏοÏ
Ï Î±Ïαλλάξει αÏÏ Ïην ανάγκη να
εξοικονομοÏν Ïα ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο ζην με άλλο "
"ÏÏÏÏο."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "ÎιαÏί Ïλοι οι ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÏν θα
ÏÏεληθοÏν"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÎÏαν Ïο GNU γÏαÏÏεί, ο καθÎÎ½Î±Ï Î¸Î± μÏοÏεί να
αÏοκÏήÏει ÎºÎ±Î»Ï Î»Î¿Î³Î¹ÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÏ "
"ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ»ÎµÏθεÏα, ακÏιβÏÏ ÏÏÏÏ Ïον
αÎÏα.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -428,7 +462,7 @@
"ÏÏοÏÏÎ¬Î¸ÎµÎ¹Î±Ï ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÎ¼Î¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν.
ÎÏ
Ïή η ÏÏοÏÏάθεια μÏοÏεί ανÏίθεÏα "
"να καÏεÏ
θÏ
νθεί ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïην ÏÏÏοδο ÏοÏ
εÏιÏÎδοÏ
ÏÎ·Ï ÏεÏνολογίαÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -443,7 +477,7 @@
"είναι ÏλÎον ÏÏο ÎÎ»ÎµÎ¿Ï ÎµÎ½ÏÏ ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏή
ή εÏαιÏÎµÎ¯Î±Ï ÏοÏ
καÏÎÏει Ïον Ïηγαίο "
"κÏδικα και είναι ÏÏην αÏοκλειÏÏική θÎÏη
να κάνει αλλαγÎÏ. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -460,7 +494,7 @@
"άÏνηÏή ÏοÏ
να εγκαÏαÏÏήÏει κάÏοια
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα. ÎÏ
ÏÏ Ï
ÏήÏξε μεγάλη ÎμÏνεÏ
Ïη "
"για μÎνα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -469,7 +503,7 @@
"λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏÏ
ÏÏήμαÏÎ¿Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ Ïο Ïι μÏοÏεί
και Ïι δεν μÏοÏεί κάÏÎ¿Î¹Î¿Ï Î½Î± κάνει με "
"αÏ
ÏÏ, θα αÏαλειÏθεί."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -496,7 +530,7 @@
"Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏιÏθεί οικονομικά η ÏαÏαγÏγή αÎÏα
με Îναν κεÏÎ±Î»Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏÏο και να "
"ÏεÏάξοÏ
με ÏÎ¹Ï Î¼Î¬ÏκεÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -505,11 +539,11 @@
"Îναν ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏή ÏÏο και η αναÏνοή, και
εξίÏοÏ
ÏαÏαγÏγικÏ. Îα ÎÏÏεÏε να "
"είναι και εξίÏοÏ
ελεÏθεÏο."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "ÎάÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÎµÏκολα αναÏκεÏ
άÏιμεÏ
ανÏιÏÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -518,7 +552,7 @@
"Ïημαίνει ÏÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ μÏοÏoÏν να Ï
ÏολογίζοÏ
ν Ïε
οÏοιαδήÏοÏε Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη.”</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -526,18 +560,27 @@
"<strong>“Î ÏÎÏει να ÏÏεÏÎ½ÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïο
ÏÏÏγÏαμμα, ÏÏÏε να ÏαÏÎÏÎµÎ¹Ï "
"Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Îάν οι άνθÏÏÏοι θα ÏÏοÏιμοÏÏαν να ÏληÏÏνοÏ
ν για Ïο GNU ÏÏ
ν Ïην Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη, "
"ÏαÏά να Ïο λαμβάνοÏ
ν ελεÏθεÏα ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏίεÏ, ÏÏÏε μια εÏαιÏεία ÏοÏ
θα "
"ÏαÏείÏε Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξη και μÏνο Ïε ÏÏοÏ
Ï
αÏÎκÏηÏαν Ïο GNU δÏÏεάν θα ÏÏειλε να "
"είναι εÏικεÏδήÏ.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -550,7 +593,7 @@
"ÏÏÏβλημά ÏÎ±Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι ÎºÎ¿Î¹Î½Ï Î¼Îµ αÏκεÏοÏÏ
άλλοÏ
Ï Î±Î½Î¸ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, ο ÏÏομηθεÏ
ÏÎ®Ï Î¸Î± "
"ÏÎ±Ï Ïει να ÏάÏε να ÏαθείÏε."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -571,7 +614,7 @@
"αÏοδοθεί ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î´Î¹ÎµÏ
θεÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î¬Î¸ÎµÏηÏ.
Το GNU δεν λÏνει Ïλα Ïα ÏÏοβλήμαÏα "
"ÏοÏ
κÏÏμοÏ
, αÏλÏÏ Î¼ÎµÏικά αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -581,7 +624,7 @@
"ÏÏειάζονÏαι Ïο κÏάÏημα ÏοÏ
ÏεÏιοÏ· να
γίνονÏαι ÏÏάγμαÏα γι' αÏ
ÏοÏÏ Ïα οÏοία "
"θα μÏοÏοÏÏαν να κάνοÏ
ν και οι ίδιοι
εÏκολα, αλλά δεν ξÎÏοÏ
ν ÏÏÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -600,7 +643,7 @@
"αÏÏ ÎµÎ¼Î¬Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ ÏÏειαζÏμαÏÏε Ïην Ï
ÏηÏεÏία, θα
ÏÏÎÏει να ÎÏοÏ
με Ïη δÏ
ναÏÏÏηÏα να "
"ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏμε Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î½Î±
ÏληÏÏÏοÏ
με για Ïην Ï
ÏηÏεÏία."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -609,7 +652,7 @@
"και ÏÏÎÏει να ÏÏεÏÎ½ÎµÎ¹Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïο ÏÏÏγÏαμμα,
ÏÏÏε να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏÎ¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï Ïη διαÏήμιÏη."
"”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -617,7 +660,7 @@
"<strong>“Îεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει λÏÎ³Î¿Ï Î½Î± διαÏημίζειÏ
Îνα ÏÏÏγÏαμμα ÏοÏ
μÏοÏοÏν "
"Ïλοι να Ïο ÏάÏοÏ
ν ελεÏθεÏα.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -636,12 +679,23 @@
"Îε αÏ
ÏÏ Ïον ÏÏÏÏο, μÏνο οι ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
εÏÏÏελοÏνÏαι ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏήμιÏηÏ, "
"ÏληÏÏνοÏ
ν γι' αÏ
Ïήν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"ÎÏÏ Ïην άλλη, εάν Ïολλοί άνθÏÏÏοι ÏάÏοÏ
ν
Ïο GNU αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÏίλοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ "
"ÏÎÏÎ¿Î¹ÎµÏ ÎµÏαιÏÎµÎ¯ÎµÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ Ïα καÏαÏÎÏοÏ
ν, αÏ
ÏÏ
θα δείξει ÏÏι η διαÏήμιÏη δεν ήÏαν "
@@ -649,7 +703,7 @@
"ελεÏθεÏÎ·Ï Î±Î³Î¿ÏÎ¬Ï Î´Îµ θÎλοÏ
ν ν' αÏήÏοÏ
ν Ïην
ελεÏθεÏη αγοÏά να Ïο αÏοÏαÏίÏει "
"αÏ
ÏÏ;<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -657,7 +711,7 @@
"<strong>“ΠεÏαιÏεία μοÏ
ÏÏειάζεÏαι Îνα
ιδιοκÏηÏÎ¹ÎºÏ Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏÎ³Î¹ÎºÏ "
"ÏÏÏÏημα, ÏÏÏε να αÏοκÏήÏει Îνα
ανÏαγÏνιÏÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÏλεονÎκÏημα.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -677,16 +731,25 @@
"άλλο ανÏικείμενο, Ïο GNU μÏοÏεί να ÏÎ±Ï Î³Î»Ï
ÏÏÏει αÏÏ Ïο να ÏÏÏÏÏθείÏε ÏÏην "
"ακÏιβή εÏιÏείÏηÏη ÏÎ·Ï ÏÏληÏÎ·Ï Î»ÎµÎ¹ÏοÏ
ÏγικÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Îα ήθελα να Î´Ï Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏοÏ
GNU να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίζεÏαι με δÏÏεÎÏ Î±ÏÏ ÏολλοÏÏ "
"καÏαÏκεÏ
αÏÏÎÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏήÏÏεÏ, καÏεβάζονÏαÏ
Ïο κÏÏÏÎ¿Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïον καθÎνα.<a href="
"\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -694,7 +757,7 @@
"<strong>“Îεν αξίζοÏ
ν οι ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ
μια ανÏαμοιβή για Ïη "
"δημιοÏ
ÏγικÏÏηÏά ÏοÏ
Ï;”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -709,7 +772,7 @@
"ÏÏογÏαμμάÏÏν, με Ïην ίδια λογική αξίζοÏ
ν
να ÏιμÏÏηθοÏν εάν ÏεÏιοÏίζοÏ
ν Ïη "
"ÏÏήÏη αÏ
ÏÏν ÏÏν ÏÏογÏαμμάÏÏν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -717,7 +780,7 @@
"<strong>“Îεν θα ÎÏÏεÏε ÎναÏ
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎ®Ï Î½Î± μÏοÏεί να ζηÏήÏει "
"ανÏαμοιβή για Ïη δημιοÏ
ÏγικÏÏηÏά ÏοÏ
;”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -728,7 +791,7 @@
"ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιεί δεν είναι καÏαÏÏÏεÏÏικά.
Îλλά Ïα μÎÏα ÏοÏ
ÏÏ
νηθίζονÏαι ÏÏον "
"κλάδο ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï ÏήμεÏα είναι
βαÏιÏμÎνα ÏÏην καÏαÏÏÏοÏή."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -743,7 +806,7 @@
"ÏÏÏγÏαμμα. ÎÏαν Ï
ÏάÏÏει μια ηθελημÎνη
εÏιλογή να ÏεÏιοÏίÏειÏ, οι εÏÎ¹Î¶Î®Î¼Î¹ÎµÏ "
"ÏÏ
νÎÏÎµÎ¹ÎµÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ηθελημÎνη καÏαÏÏÏοÏή."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -762,11 +825,11 @@
"ανÏαμειÏθεί ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Î³Î¹Î± Ïη δημιοÏ
ÏγικÏÏηÏά ÏοÏ
δε δικαιολογεί Ïο να ÏÏεÏεί "
"Ïον κÏÏμο εν γÎνει αÏÏ Ïο Ïλον ή αÏÏ Î¼ÎÏοÏ
ÏÎ·Ï Î´Î·Î¼Î¹Î¿Ï
ÏγικÏÏηÏÎ±Ï Î±Ï
ÏήÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“Îεν θα ÏεινάÏοÏ
ν οι
ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ;”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -779,7 +842,7 @@
"αÏοÏÎλεÏμα, καÏαδικαÏμÎνοι να ÏεÏνάμε Ïη
ζÏή Î¼Î±Ï ÏÏηÏοί ÏÏο δÏÏμο, κάνονÏÎ±Ï "
"μοÏÏαÏμοÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏεινÏνÏαÏ. ÎάνοÏ
με κάÏι
άλλο."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -789,7 +852,7 @@
"ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏά: ÏÏι ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Î¹Î´Î¹Î¿ÎºÏηÏία ÏοÏ
λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï Î¿Î¹ ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ μÏοÏοÏν "
"Ïε καμία ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη να ÏληÏÏθοÏν μια
δεκάÏα. Î ÏÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏάÏα Ïλα ή ÏίÏοÏα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -798,13 +861,28 @@
"ÏÏι θα είναι ακÏμη δÏ
ναÏÏ Î³Î¹' αÏ
ÏοÏÏ Î½Î±
αμείβονÏαι για να ÏÏογÏαμμαÏίζοÏ
ν· "
"αÏλά ÏÏι ÏÏÏο ÏÎ¿Î»Ï ÏÏο ÏÏÏα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Î ÏεÏιοÏιÏμÏÏ ÏÎ·Ï Î±Î½ÏιγÏαÏÎ®Ï Î´ÎµÎ½ είναι η
μοναδική βάÏη για εÏιÏειÏήÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏην "
"αγοÏά λογιÏμικοÏ. Îίναι η ÏλÎον κοινή
βάÏη<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>, γιαÏί "
@@ -813,7 +891,7 @@
"οÏγάνÏÏÎ·Ï Î¿Î¹ οÏÎ¿Î¯ÎµÏ ÏÏÏα
ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏνÏαι λιγÏÏεÏο. Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν
ÏάνÏοÏε Ïολλοί "
"ÏÏÏÏοι για να οÏγανÏθεί οÏοιοδήÏοÏε είδοÏ
εÏιÏείÏηÏηÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -828,7 +906,7 @@
"αÏ
ÏÏ Î±Î´Î¹ÎºÎ¯Î±. (ΣÏην ÏÏάξη, θα εξακολοÏ
θοÏÏαν να βγάζοÏ
ν ÏημανÏικά ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏα "
"αÏÏ Î±Ï
Ïά.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -836,7 +914,7 @@
"<strong>“Îεν ÎÏοÏ
ν οι άνθÏÏÏοι Ïο δικαίÏμα
να ελÎγξοÏ
ν ÏÏÏ "
"ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι η δημιοÏ
ÏγικÏÏηÏά ÏοÏ
Ï;”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -846,13 +924,26 @@
"ÏÏαγμαÏικÏÏηÏα ÎλεγÏο ÏÏÎ¹Ï Î¶ÏÎÏ Î¬Î»Î»Ïν
ανθÏÏÏÏν· και ÏÏ
νήθÏÏ ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιείÏαι "
"για να κάνει ÏÎ¹Ï Î¶ÏÎÏ ÏοÏ
Ï Î´Ï
ÏκολÏÏεÏεÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Îι άνθÏÏÏοι ÏοÏ
μελÎÏηÏαν Ïο ζήÏημα ÏÏν
ÏνεÏ
μαÏικÏν δικαιÏμάÏÏν <a href="
"\"#f6\">(8)</a> ÏÏοÏεκÏικά (ÏÏÏÏ Î¿Î¹ δικηγÏÏοι)
λÎνε ÏÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ Ï
ÏάÏÏει εγγενÎÏ "
@@ -860,7 +951,7 @@
"δικαιÏμάÏÏν Ïα οÏοία αναγνÏÏίζει η κÏ
βÎÏνηÏη δημιοÏ
Ïγήθηκαν με ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎÎ½ÎµÏ "
"ÏÏÎ¬Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï Î½Î¿Î¼Î¿Î¸ÎµÏÎ¯Î±Ï Î³Î¹Î± να εξÏ
ÏηÏεÏηθοÏν
ÏÏ
γκεκÏιμÎνοι ÏκοÏοί."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -882,7 +973,7 @@
"μεγάλο κακÏ. Îεν βάζοÏ
ν εμÏÏδια ÏÏοÏ
Ï
ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοÏ
Ï Î¹Î´Î¹ÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
"
"ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏν ÏÏοÏÏνÏα καλÏ
μμÎνα αÏÏ ÎµÏ
ÏεÏιÏεÏνίεÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -903,7 +994,7 @@
"ÏÏ
ÏογÏαÏείο—Îκανε μικÏÏ ÎºÎ±ÎºÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ δεν
εμÏÏδιζε ÏοÏ
Ï ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοÏ
Ï Î±ÏÏ "
"ÏοÏ
Ï Î¹Î´Î¹ÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
διαβάζοÏ
ν Ïα βιβλία."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -917,7 +1008,7 @@
"ÏεÏίÏÏÏÏη ÏÏÎÏει να ÏÏÏάμε: είμαÏÏε
ÏÏάγμαÏι καλÏÏεÏα με Ïο να ÏοÏηγοÏμε μια "
"ÏÎÏοια άδεια; Τί είδοÏ
Ï ÏÏάξειÏ
αδειοδοÏοÏμε Îνα ÏÏÏÏÏÏο να κάνει;"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -939,14 +1030,14 @@
"ÏÏο και ÏνεÏ
μαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ¬Î Î¼Î¹Î±Ï ÎºÎ±ÏάÏÏαÏÎ·Ï ÏÏην
οÏοία Îνα ÏÏÏÏÏÏο δεν θα ÎÏÏεÏε να "
"ενεÏγεί ÎÏÏι ανεξάÏÏηÏα με Ïο εάν ÏοÏ
Ïο
εÏιÏÏÎÏει ο νÏμοÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“ΠανÏαγÏνιÏμÏÏ ÎºÎ¬Î½ÎµÎ¹ Ïα ÏÏάγμαÏα
να γίνονÏαι καλÏÏεÏα.”"
"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -966,7 +1057,7 @@
"δÏομείÏ. Îάν οι δÏÎ¿Î¼ÎµÎ¯Ï ÎµÎ¼ÏλακοÏν Ïε
αÏιμαÏίεÏ, θα ÏεÏμαÏίÏοÏ
ν Ïλοι "
"καθÏ
ÏÏεÏημÎνα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -981,7 +1072,7 @@
"ÏÏαγμαÏικά να ÏÏαμαÏάει ÏÎ¹Ï Î±ÏιμαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹
να ÏιμÏÏεί ÏοÏ
Ï Î´ÏÎ¿Î¼ÎµÎ¯Ï Î±ÎºÏμα και "
"για Ïην αÏÏÏειÏα να καβγαδίÏοÏ
ν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -989,7 +1080,7 @@
"<strong>“Îε θα ÏÏαμαÏήÏοÏ
ν Ïλοι να γÏάÏοÏ
ν
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï Îνα "
"ÏÏημαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ¯Î½Î·ÏÏο;”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -1002,7 +1093,7 @@
"αÏ
ÏÏν. Îεν Ï
ÏάÏÏει καμία ÎλλειÏη Ï'
εÏαγγελμαÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Î¼Î¿Ï
ÏικοÏÏ ÏοÏ
εÏιμÎνοÏ
ν "
"κι Î±Ï Î¼Î·Î½ ÎÏοÏ
ν καμιά ελÏίδα ÏÏÏ Î¸Î± Ïα
βγάλοÏ
ν ÏÎÏα μ' αÏ
ÏÏν Ïον ÏÏÏÏο."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1014,7 +1105,7 @@
"αÏλÏÏ Î¸Î± είναι μικÏÏÏεÏη. ÎÏÏι η ÏÏÏÏή
εÏÏÏηÏη είναι, θα ÏÏογÏαμμαÏίζει "
"ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Î¼' Îνα μειÏμÎνο ÏÏημαÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎºÎ¯Î½Î·ÏÏο;
ΠεμÏειÏία μοÏ
δείÏνει ÏÏÏ Î½Î±Î¹."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1027,7 +1118,7 @@
"μη-ÏÏημαÏÎ¹ÎºÎ®Ï Î±Î½ÏαμοιβήÏ: Ïήμη και
αναγνÏÏιÏη, για ÏαÏάδειγμα. Îαι η "
"δημιοÏ
ÏγικÏÏηÏα είναι εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏκÎδαÏη,
μια ανÏαμοιβή αÏÏ Î¼Ïνη ÏηÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1035,7 +1126,7 @@
"ÎεÏά οι ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοι ÎÏÏ
γαν ÏÏαν ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏÏοÏάθηκε η εÏ
καιÏία να κάνοÏ
ν Ïην "
"ίδια ÏÏ
ναÏÏαÏÏική εÏγαÏία με Ïολλά
ÏÏήμαÏα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1050,7 +1141,7 @@
"εκείνοÏ
Ï ÏοÏ
ÏληÏÏνοÏ
ν Ïολλά, αλλά δεν
Ïημαίνει ÏÏÏ Î´ÎµÎ½ θα Ïα Ïάνε καλά εάν "
"εκείνοι ÏοÏ
ÏληÏÏνοÏ
ν Ïολλά αÏαγοÏεÏ
ÏοÏν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1059,7 +1150,7 @@
"αÏαιÏήÏοÏ
ν να ÏÏαμαÏήÏοÏ
με να βοηθάμε ÏοÏ
Ï Î³ÎµÎ¯ÏονÎÏ Î¼Î±Ï, ÏÏÎÏει να "
"Ï
ÏακοÏÏοÏ
με.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1068,14 +1159,14 @@
"είδοÏ
Ï Î±ÏαιÏήÏειÏ. ÎÏ
μηθείÏε: εκαÏομμÏÏια
για Ïην άμÏ
να, αλλά οÏÏε Îνα ÏÎµÎ½Ï "
"για ÏÏÏο Ï
ÏοÏÎλειαÏ!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“Îι ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ ÏÏÎÏει με
κάÏοιον ÏÏÏÏο να βγάζοÏ
ν Ïα ÏÏÎ¿Ï "
"Ïο ζην.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1091,7 +1182,7 @@
"ζην. Îίναι εÏκολο να βÏείÏε άλλοÏ
Ï ÏÏÏÏοÏ
Ï, αÏκεί να θÎλεÏε να ÏοÏ
Ï "
"βÏείÏε. ÎÎ´Ï ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ μεÏικά ÏαÏαδείγμαÏα."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1099,7 +1190,7 @@
"ÎÎ½Î±Ï ÎºÎ±ÏαÏκεÏ
αÏÏÎ®Ï Î¿ οÏÎ¿Î¯Î¿Ï ÏαÏοÏ
Ïιάζει
Îνα νÎο Ï
ÏολογιÏÏή, θα ÏληÏÏνει Ïη "
"μεÏαÏοÏά ÏÏν λειÏοÏ
ÏγικÏν ÏÏ
ÏÏημάÏÏν ÏÏο
νÎο Ï
λικÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1107,18 +1198,30 @@
"Î ÏÏληÏη διδαÏκαλίαÏ, Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏÎ¹Î¾Î·Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏ
νÏήÏηÏÎ·Ï Î¸Î± μÏοÏοÏÏε εÏίÏÎ·Ï Î½Î± "
"αÏαÏÏολεί ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"ÎνθÏÏÏοι με νÎÎµÏ Î¹Î´ÎÎµÏ Î¸Î± μÏοÏοÏÏαν να
διανÎμοÏ
ν Ïα ÏÏογÏάμμαÏά ÏοÏ
Ï ÏÏ "
"δÏÏεάν λογιÏμικÏ<a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>, ζηÏÏνÏαÏ
δÏÏεÎÏ Î±ÏÏ Î¹ÎºÎ±Î½Î¿ÏοιημÎνοÏ
Ï "
"ÏÏήÏÏεÏ, ή ÏÏλÏνÏÎ±Ï Ï
ÏηÏεÏÎ¯ÎµÏ Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏιξηÏ. ÎÏÏ Î³Î½ÏÏίÏει ανθÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î¿Î¹
οÏοίοι "
"ήδη εÏγάζονÏαι εÏιÏÏ
ÏημÎνα μ' αÏ
ÏÏ Ïον
ÏÏÏÏο."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1129,12 +1232,12 @@
"ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÏν, ÏÏÏε να γÏάÏοÏ
ν
ÏÏογÏάμμαÏα Ïα οÏοία θα ήθελαν να "
"ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιοÏν Ïα μÎλη ÏÎ·Ï Î¿Î¼Î¬Î´Î±Ï ÏÏηÏÏÏν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"ÎλÏν ÏÏν ειδÏν η ανάÏÏÏ
ξη μÏοÏεί να
ÏÏημαÏοδοÏηθεί μ' Îνα ΦÏÏο ÎογιÏμικοÏ:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1145,7 +1248,7 @@
"Ï
ÏηÏεÏία ÏÏÏÏ Ïo NSF<sup><a href=\"#TransNote4\">[4]</a></sup>
για να Ïο "
"διαθÎÏει ÏÏην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη λογιÏμικοÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1159,7 +1262,7 @@
"ÏÏηÏιμοÏοιήÏει Ïο αÏοÏÎλεÏμα μÏλιÏ
ολοκληÏÏθεί. ÎÏοÏεί να ÎÏει ÎκÏÏÏÏη για "
"οÏοιοδήÏοÏε ÏοÏÏ Î¼ÎÏÏι Ïο ÏÏ
Î½Î¿Î»Î¹ÎºÏ ÏÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
ÏÏÏοÏ
ÏοÏ
θα ÎÏÏεÏε να ÏληÏÏÏει."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1168,20 +1271,20 @@
"Ïην ÏήÏο αÏ
ÏÏν ÏοÏ
θα κληθοÏν να Ïον
καÏαβάλλοÏ
ν, ÏÏαθμίζονÏÎ¬Ï Ïο με Ïο ÏοÏÏ "
"ÏοÏ
θα ÏοÏολογηθοÏν."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Τα αÏοÏελÎÏμαÏα:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr ""
"ΠκοινÏÏηÏα ÏÏν ÏÏηÏÏÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÏν
ÏÏηÏίζει Ïην ανάÏÏÏ
ξη ÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "ÎÏ
Ïή η κοινÏÏηÏα εÏιλÎγει Ïον Î²Î±Î¸Î¼Ï Ï
ÏοÏÏήÏÎ¹Î¾Î·Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏειάζεÏαι."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1189,7 +1292,7 @@
"Îι ÏÏήÏÏÎµÏ ÏοÏ
ενδιαÏÎÏονÏαι για Ïο Ïοια
ÎÏγα ÏÏημαÏοδοÏοÏνÏαι με Ïο μεÏÎ¯Î´Î¹Ï "
"ÏοÏ
Ï, μÏοÏοÏν να Ïο εÏιλÎξοÏ
ν οι ίδιοι."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1208,7 +1311,7 @@
"ÏÏ
ÏκÎÏειÏ, η εÏιÏκεÏ
ή ÏομÏÏÏ ÎºÎ±Î¹ η
ÏαÏÏογÏάÏηÏη ÏÏν αÏÏεÏοειδÏν. Îε θα "
"Ï
ÏάÏÏει καμία ανάγκη να βγάζει ÎºÎ±Î½ÎµÎ¯Ï Ïα
ÏÏÎ¿Ï Ïο ζην αÏÏ Ïον ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏμÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1230,11 +1333,11 @@
"ÎµÎ¾ÎµÎ»Î¯Î¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÏÏην ÏαÏαγÏγικÏÏηÏα να
μεÏαÏÏάζονÏαι Ïε λιγÏÏεÏη εÏγαÏία για
εμάÏ."
# type: Content of: <h4>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Î¥ÏοÏημειÏÏειÏ"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1266,7 +1369,7 @@
"καλÏÏεÏο. Το ÏημανÏÎ¹ÎºÏ ÎµÎ¯Î½Î±Î¹ ÏÏÏ Î¿
καθÎÎ½Î±Ï ÏοÏ
ÎÏει Îνα ανÏίγÏαÏο, ÎÏει Ïην "
"ελεÏ
θεÏία να ÏÏ
νεÏγάζεÏαι με άλλοÏ
Ï ÏÏη
ÏÏήÏη ÏοÏ
."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1281,10 +1384,21 @@
"html#GiveAwaySoftware\">ÎÎÎ¾ÎµÎ¹Ï ÎºÎ±Î¹ ÏÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï ÏοÏ
ÏÏοκαλοÏν ÏÏγÏÏ
Ïη</a>” "
"για Ïιο λεÏÏομεÏή εξήγηÏη."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1294,11 +1408,11 @@
"λογιÏÎ¼Î¹ÎºÎ¿Ï GNU ÏÏÏÎ¯Ï ÏÏÎÏÏη, αÏÏ ÏοÏ
Ï ÏίλοÏ
Ï ÏÎ±Ï Î® αÏÏ Ïο ÎιαδίκÏÏ
ο. Îλλά "
"ÏÏάγμαÏι Ï
Ïονοεί Ïη Î»Î¬Î¸Î¿Ï Î¹Î´Îα."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Î¥ÏάÏÏοÏ
ν ÏÏÏα αÏκεÏÎÏ ÏÎÏοιεÏ
εÏαιÏείεÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1310,7 +1424,7 @@
"δική ÏοÏ
Ï
ÏηÏεÏία διανομήÏ. ÎÏοÏείÏε να <a
href=\"/order/order.html"
"\">ÏαÏαγγείλεÏε ÏÏάγμαÏα αÏÏ Ïο ÎÎÎ</a> για
να Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξεÏε Ïο ÎÏγο ÏοÏ
. "
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1318,7 +1432,7 @@
"Îια ομάδα εÏαιÏειÏν Ï
ÏολογιÏÏÏν ÏÏ
γκÎνÏÏÏÏε ÏÏÏοÏ
Ï Î³ÏÏÏ ÏÏο 1991, για να "
"Ï
ÏοÏÏηÏίξει Ïη ÏÏ
νÏήÏηÏη ÏοÏ
GNU
μεÏαγλÏÏÏιÏÏή ÏÎ·Ï C."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1340,10 +1454,31 @@
"ÏεÏιÏÏÏÏεÏοι εÏί ÏληÏÏμή ÏÏογÏαμμαÏιÏÏÎÏ
θα κÎÏδιζαν λιγÏÏεÏα Ï' Îναν κÏÏμο "
"ελεÏθεÏοÏ
λογιÏμικοÏ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1364,10 +1499,26 @@
"ÎείÏε μια <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">ÏεÏαιÏÎÏÏ
εξήγηÏη</a> για Ïο "
"ÏÏÏ Î±Ï
ÏÏÏ Î¿ ÏÏÎ¿Ï Î´Î¹Î±ÏÏείÏει ÏÏγÏÏ
Ïη και
ÏÏοκαÏάληÏη."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1411,6 +1562,7 @@
"Î¬Î»Î»ÎµÏ Î´Î¹Î¿ÏθÏÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î® ÏÏοÏάÏÎµÎ¹Ï Î¼ÏοÏοÏν να
ÏÏαλοÏν ÏÏο <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1418,14 +1570,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÎÏγαζÏμαÏÏε ÏκληÏά και κάνοÏ
με Ï,Ïι
καλÏÏεÏο μÏοÏοÏμε για να ÏαÏÎÏοÏ
με "
@@ -1437,15 +1595,15 @@
"\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">ÎεÏαÏÏάÏειÏ
ÎÎÎÎÎΣÎÎÎ</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, [-2014-]
-# | {+2014, 2015+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014 "
#| "Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"ΠνεÏ
μαÏικά δικαιÏμαÏα:<br />\n"
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014 Free "
Index: po/manifesto.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.28
retrieving revision 1.29
diff -u -b -r1.28 -r1.29
--- po/manifesto.es.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.28
+++ po/manifesto.es.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.29
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.es.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-01-28 15:58+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Dora Scilipoti <dora AT gnu DOT org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <www-es-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
"X-Poedit-Language: Spanish\n"
@@ -31,14 +32,28 @@
msgstr "El manifiesto de GNU - Proyecto GNU - Free Software Foundation "
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "El manifiesto de GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -52,7 +67,7 @@
"partir de entonces, parece mejor dejarlo tal cual."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -63,7 +78,7 @@
"pie de página que hemos añadido a partir de 1993 ayudan a clarificar estos "
"puntos."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -75,7 +90,7 @@
"a>. Para colaborar, consulte <a href=\"/help/help.html\">http://www.gnu.org/";
"help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -93,18 +108,31 @@
"abordar el mismo asunto."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "¿Qué es GNU? ¡GNU No es Unix!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, que significa «Gnu No es Unix», es el nombre del sistema de software "
"completamente compatible con Unix que estoy escribiendo para entregarlo "
@@ -113,7 +141,7 @@
"dinero, programas y equipos son muy necesarias."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -145,7 +173,7 @@
"Unix y más. "
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -170,7 +198,7 @@
"Chaosnet y protocolos de Internet para las comunicaciones."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -183,7 +211,7 @@
"dejaremos a quienes quieran utilizarlo en ellas."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -193,12 +221,12 @@
"\"#TransNote1\" id=\"TransNote1-rev\"><sup>[1]</sup></a>."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Por qué debo escribir GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -222,13 +250,26 @@
"hicieran en mi nombre en contra de mi voluntad."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Para poder continuar a utilizar las computadoras sin deshonra, he decidido "
"agrupar un conjunto suficiente de software libre para poder vivir sin usar "
@@ -238,12 +279,12 @@
"impida distribuir software de GNU <a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Por qué GNU será compatible con Unix"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -256,12 +297,12 @@
"adopción por parte de muchas otras personas."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Cómo estará disponible GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -276,12 +317,12 @@
"asegurarme que todas las versiones de GNU permanezcan libres."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Por qué muchos programadores quieren colaborar"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -290,7 +331,7 @@
"colaborar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -316,7 +357,7 @@
"manera de ganar dinero."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -334,12 +375,12 @@
"importante que el dinero no puede reemplazar."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Cómo colaborar"
# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -357,7 +398,7 @@
"GNU</a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -366,7 +407,7 @@
"individuos les pido donaciones en forma de programas y trabajo."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -379,7 +420,7 @@
"y no requerir ventilación o fuentes de energÃa sofisticadas."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -411,7 +452,7 @@
"compacto)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -428,21 +469,28 @@
"trabajar en GNU ahorrándoles la necesidad de ganarse la vida de otra manera."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Por qué se beneficiarán todos los usuarios de computadoras."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Una vez que GNU esté terminado, todo el mundo podrá obtener un buen sistema
"
"de software tan libre como el aire. <a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -454,7 +502,7 @@
"avance de la tecnologÃa."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -470,7 +518,7 @@
"puede realizar modificaciones."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -487,7 +535,7 @@
"mucho en esa polÃtica."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -497,7 +545,7 @@
"desaparecido."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -524,7 +572,7 @@
"impuesto y desechar las máscaras."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -533,12 +581,12 @@
"respirar, además es productivo. DeberÃa ser libre."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Algunas objeciones, fácilmente rebatibles, a los objetivos de GNU"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -547,7 +595,7 @@
"con ningún tipo de asistencia».</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -556,18 +604,27 @@
"asistencia».</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Si la gente prefiere pagar por GNU más el servicio en lugar de recibir GNU "
"sin servicio, una empresa que preste solamente el servicio a las personas "
"que hayan obtenido GNU debe ser rentable. <a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -580,7 +637,7 @@
"por bastante gente, el vendedor no se preocupará en solucionarlo."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -601,7 +658,7 @@
"elimina todos los problemas del mundo, sólo algunos de ellos."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -612,7 +669,7 @@
"fácilmente, pero no saben cómo."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -632,7 +689,7 @@
"posibilidad de utilizar el programa sin tener que pagar por el servicio."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -641,7 +698,7 @@
"financiarla es necesario cobrar por el programa».</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -650,7 +707,7 @@
"gratuitamente».</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -669,12 +726,23 @@
"publicidad la pagarán."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Por otro lado, si mucha gente consigue GNU de sus amigos, y esas empresas no "
"tienen éxito, esto demostrará que la publicidad no era realmente necesaria "
@@ -682,7 +750,7 @@
"quieren dejar que el libre mercado lo decida? <a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -691,7 +759,7 @@
"ventaja competitiva».</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -710,17 +778,26 @@
"de la venta de sistemas operativos."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Me gustarÃa ver que el desarrollo de GNU se mantuviera gracias a donaciones "
"de algunos fabricantes y usuarios, reduciendo el coste para todos. <a href="
"\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -729,7 +806,7 @@
"strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -745,7 +822,7 @@
"estos programas."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -754,7 +831,7 @@
"creatividad?»</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -766,7 +843,7 @@
"se basan en la destrucción."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -781,7 +858,7 @@
"restringir, las consecuencias dañinas son una destrucción deliberada."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -800,12 +877,12 @@
"justifica privar al mundo en general de toda o parte de esa creatividad."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>«¿No se morirán de hambre los programadores?»</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -819,7 +896,7 @@
"cosa."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -831,7 +908,7 @@
"nada."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -841,13 +918,28 @@
"pagará tanto como en la actualidad."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Restringir la copia no es la única forma para hacer negocios con el "
"software. Es la forma más común <a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> porque es con la "
@@ -857,7 +949,7 @@
"modos para organizar cualquier tipo de negocio."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -873,7 +965,7 @@
"más)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -882,7 +974,7 @@
"creatividad?»</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -893,13 +985,26 @@
"vida más difÃcil."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Las personas que han estudiado cuidadosamente el tema de los derechos de "
"propiedad intelectual<a href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> (por ejemplo los abogados) "
@@ -909,7 +1014,7 @@
"especÃficos."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -931,7 +1036,7 @@
"individuos que usan productos patentados. "
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -952,7 +1057,7 @@
"a la mayor parte de los individuos que leÃan los libros."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -968,7 +1073,7 @@
"persona?"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -989,13 +1094,13 @@
"deberÃa hacerlo a pesar de que la ley se lo permita."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>«La competición hace que las cosas se hagan
mejor».</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -1015,7 +1120,7 @@
"llegarán tarde a la meta."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -1030,7 +1135,7 @@
"penalizar a los corredores, incluso por tratar de enredarse en una pelea."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -1039,7 +1144,7 @@
"strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -1053,7 +1158,7 @@
"esperanzas de ganarse la vida de esa forma."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1066,7 +1171,7 @@
"incentivo económico? Mi experiencia muestra que sà lo harán."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1080,7 +1185,7 @@
"creatividad también es divertida, es una recompensa en sà misma."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1089,7 +1194,7 @@
"mismo trabajo interesante por mucho dinero."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1104,7 +1209,7 @@
"pero no tendrÃa que irles tan mal si las que pagan mucho fueran prohibidas."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1114,7 +1219,7 @@
"strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1124,7 +1229,7 @@
"tributos! <a href=\"#TransNote2\" id=\"TransNote2-rev\"><sup>[2]</sup></a>."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1132,7 +1237,7 @@
"</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1148,7 +1253,7 @@
"encontrarlas. He aquà unos cuantos ejemplos:"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1157,7 +1262,7 @@
"sistemas operativos al nuevo hardware."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1166,11 +1271,23 @@
"pueden dar trabajo a programadores."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"La gente con ideas nuevas podrÃa distribuir programas como <cite>freeware</"
"cite> <a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>, pidiendo donaciones a los usuarios "
@@ -1178,7 +1295,7 @@
"que ya trabajan asà y con mucho éxito."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1190,13 +1307,13 @@
"gustarÃa utilizar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Todo tipo de desarrollo puede ser financiado con un impuesto al software:"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1209,7 +1326,7 @@
"en el desarrollo de software."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1224,7 +1341,7 @@
"cantidad de donación hasta la totalidad del impuesto que tenÃa que pagar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1234,22 +1351,22 @@
"el impuesto."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Las consecuencias:"
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "La comunidad usuaria de computadoras apoya el desarrollo de software."
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Esta comunidad decide qué nivel de apoyo es necesario."
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1258,7 +1375,7 @@
"pueden escogerlos por sà mismos."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1277,7 +1394,7 @@
"mediante la programación."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1299,12 +1416,12 @@
"se traduzcan en menos trabajo para nosotros."
# type: Content of: <h4>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Notas"
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1336,7 +1453,7 @@
"una copia tengan la libertad de colaborar con los demás al usar el programa."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1352,10 +1469,21 @@
"confusas que vale la pena evitar»</a>."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1366,12 +1494,12 @@
"amigos o a través de Internet—, pero sugiere una idea errónea."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Ya existen varias compañÃas de este tipo."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1385,7 +1513,7 @@
"actividad."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1394,7 +1522,7 @@
"apoyar el mantenimiento del compilador C de GNU."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1415,10 +1543,31 @@
"programadores ganarÃan menos en un mundo de software libre."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1439,10 +1588,26 @@
"prejuicios."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1485,7 +1650,6 @@
"proponer otras correcciones o sugerencias, dirÃjase a <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
-#
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1493,14 +1657,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"El equipo de traductores al español se esfuerza por ofrecer traducciones "
@@ -1513,9 +1677,15 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014, 2015-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1550,10 +1720,9 @@
msgstr "Ãltima actualización:"
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/manifesto.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.72
retrieving revision 1.73
diff -u -b -r1.72 -r1.73
--- po/manifesto.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.72
+++ po/manifesto.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.73
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-12 19:21+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Sogal <sogal AT member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: \n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.5\n"
@@ -24,13 +25,27 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Le manifeste GNU - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "Le manifeste GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -43,7 +58,7 @@
"mises à jour pour tenir compte de l'évolution du projet, mais il nous
semble "
"maintenant plus judicieux de le laisser inchangé."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -53,7 +68,7 @@
"interprétés ; ceci peut être corrigé en changeant quelques mots. Des
notes "
"ajoutées depuis 1993 aident à clarifier ces points."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -65,7 +80,7 @@
"libres</a>. Pour savoir comment contribuer, voir <a href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -82,17 +97,30 @@
"pour promouvoir une <a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"
"\">approche amorale</a> du même domaine."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Qu'est ce que GNU ? GNU N'est pas Unix !"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, l'acronyme de <i>GNU's Not Unix</i> (GNU N'est pas Unix), est le nom du "
"système complet de logiciels, compatible avec Unix, que je suis en train "
@@ -101,7 +129,7 @@
"autres bénévoles. Les contributions en temps, en argent, en logiciel et en "
"équipement nous sont indispensables."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -134,7 +162,7 @@
"toutes les choses utiles qui sont normalement incluses dans un système Unix,
"
"et plus encore."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -159,7 +187,7 @@
"protocoles de communication UUCP, Chaosnet (protocole du <abbr title="
"\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology\">MIT</abbr>) et Internet."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -171,7 +199,7 @@
"le faire fonctionner. Libre à celui qui voudra s'en servir sur des machines "
"moins puissantes de poursuivre notre travail pour l'adapter à cet usage."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -179,11 +207,11 @@
"Pour éviter d'horribles confusions, merci de prononcer distinctement le "
"<em>g</em> de « GNU » quand vous parlez de ce projet."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Pourquoi je dois écrire GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -208,13 +236,26 @@
"institution où ce genre de choses étaient faites en mon nom contre ma "
"volonté."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Afin de pouvoir continuer à utiliser les ordinateurs en accord avec ma "
"conscience, j'ai décidé de réunir un ensemble de logiciels libres avec "
@@ -223,11 +264,11 @@
"invoquer aucune excuse juridique pour m'empêcher de distribuer GNU "
"gratuitement <a id=\"f2a-rev\" href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Pourquoi GNU sera compatible avec Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -240,11 +281,11 @@
"probable que beaucoup de gens trouveront pratique d'adopter un système "
"compatible avec Unix."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Comment GNU sera distribué"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -259,11 +300,11 @@
"\"#TransNote3\" id=\"TransNote3-rev\"><sup>c</sup></a> seront interdites. Je "
"veux m'assurer que toutes les versions de GNU resteront libres."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Pourquoi de nombreux programmeurs veulent m'aider"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -271,7 +312,7 @@
"J'ai rencontré nombre de programmeurs que GNU passionne et qui souhaitent "
"apporter leur aide."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -296,7 +337,7 @@
"termes de l'alternative. Ils deviennent cyniques au point de penser que "
"programmer n'est qu'une façon de gagner de l'argent."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -314,11 +355,11 @@
"avec lesquels j'ai discuté, c'est une satisfaction importante que l'argent "
"ne peut pas remplacer."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Comment vous pouvez contribuer"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -335,7 +376,7 @@
"d'autres domaines, regardez le <a href=\"/help/help.html\">guide pour aider "
"le projet GNU</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -344,7 +385,7 @@
"d'argent. Je demande aux particuliers de faire don de programmes et de "
"travail."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -357,7 +398,7 @@
"zone résidentielle, et elles ne doivent pas avoir de besoins sortant de "
"l'ordinaire en climatisation ni en alimentation."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -388,7 +429,7 @@
"réalisable (le noyau demandera quand même une communication plus soutenue
et "
"sera développé par un petit groupe structuré)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -405,20 +446,27 @@
"toutes leurs ressources au projet GNU, en leur évitant d'avoir à gagner
leur "
"vie autrement."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Pourquoi tous les utilisateurs en bénéficieront"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Une fois GNU achevé, tout le monde pourra se procurer de bons logiciels "
"système, gratuits comme l'air qui nous entoure <a id=\"f2-rev\"
href=\"#f2\">"
"(3)</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -429,7 +477,7 @@
"programmation système en double, et qu'on pourra rediriger ces efforts vers "
"le progrès méthodologique."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -444,7 +492,7 @@
"seront plus à la merci d'une personne ou entreprise particulière, seule à "
"pouvoir effectuer les modifications car elle possède le code source."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -460,7 +508,7 @@
"publiquement, et ils faisaient respecter cette politique en refusant "
"carrément d'installer certains programmes. Cela m'a beaucoup inspiré."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -468,7 +516,7 @@
"Enfin, les frais engendrés par les questions de propriété et de limites "
"d'utilisation des logiciels système ne seront plus d'actualité."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -495,7 +543,7 @@
"fabrication de l'air par un impôt de capitation et se débarrasser des "
"masques."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -503,11 +551,11 @@
"Copier tout ou partie d'un logiciel semble aussi naturel à un programmeur "
"que de respirer, tout aussi productif. Cela aussi devrait être libre."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Quelques objections facilement contrées aux objectifs de GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -515,7 +563,7 @@
"<strong>« Personne ne s'en servira si c'est gratuit, car cela veut dire que
"
"l'on ne peut compter sur aucun support technique. »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -523,18 +571,27 @@
"<strong>« Il faut faire payer le logiciel pour financer le service après-"
"vente. »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Si les gens préfèrent acheter GNU avec du service après-vente, plutôt que
"
"d'obtenir GNU gratuitement sans service, une entreprise qui proposera "
"uniquement du service à ceux qui auront obtenu GNU gratuitement devrait
être "
"rentable <a id=\"f3-rev\" href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -546,7 +603,7 @@
"premier de la part d'un fournisseur de logiciel. Si votre problème n'est pas
"
"suffisamment répandu, le fournisseur vous enverra balader."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -567,7 +624,7 @@
"ce problème. GNU ne résout pas tous les problèmes de la planète, mais "
"seulement quelques-uns."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -577,7 +634,7 @@
"besoin d'assistance, besoin qu'on fasse à leur place ce qu'ils pourraient "
"facilement faire eux-mêmes si seulement ils s'y connaissaient."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -597,7 +654,7 @@
"temps, ceux d'entre nous qui n'ont pas besoin du service devront être en "
"mesure d'utiliser le logiciel sans payer le service."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -605,7 +662,7 @@
"<strong>« On ne peut pas être connu sans publicité et il faut faire payer
le "
"logiciel pour la financer. »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -613,7 +670,7 @@
"<strong>« Ãa ne sert à rien de faire de la publicité pour un programme
que "
"l'on peut obtenir gratuitement. »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -631,12 +688,23 @@
"campagne et bien davantage. Ainsi, seuls les utilisateurs qui tirent "
"avantage de la publicité la payent."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"En revanche, si de nombreuses personnes obtiennent GNU par leurs relations, "
"et que de telles entreprises ne sont pas rentables, cela démontrera que la "
@@ -644,7 +712,7 @@
"partisans de l'économie libérale ne veulent-ils pas laisser cette décision
"
"au marché libre <a id=\"f4-rev\" href=\"#f4\">(5)</a> ?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -652,7 +720,7 @@
"<strong>« Ma société a besoin d'un système d'exploitation propriétaire
pour "
"être compétitive. »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -670,16 +738,25 @@
"vous. Si votre commerce est différent, GNU peut vous éviter d'être poussé
"
"vers le domaine onéreux de la vente de systèmes d'exploitation."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"J'aimerais bien voir le développement de GNU financé par des dons de "
"fabricants et d'utilisateurs, réduisant ainsi les coûts pour chacun <a id="
"\"f5-rev\" href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -687,7 +764,7 @@
"<strong>« Les programmeurs ne méritent-ils pas d'être récompensés pour
leur "
"créativité ? »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -701,7 +778,7 @@
"méritent d'être récompensés pour la création de logiciels innovants, de
même "
"ils méritent d'être punis s'ils limitent l'utilisation de leurs programmes."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -709,7 +786,7 @@
"<strong>« Un programmeur ne doit-il pas avoir le droit de demander une "
"récompense pour sa créativité ? »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -720,7 +797,7 @@
"Mais dans le secteur du logiciel de nos jours, les moyens habituels sont "
"fondées sur la destruction."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -735,7 +812,7 @@
"des limites, les conséquences néfastes qui en découlent sont de la "
"destruction délibérée."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -754,11 +831,11 @@
"Plus précisément, le désir d'être récompensé pour sa création ne
justifie "
"pas que l'on prive le monde entier de tout ou partie de cette créativité."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>« Les programmeurs ne vont-ils pas mourir de faim ?Â
»</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -771,7 +848,7 @@
"notre vie sur le champ de foire à faire des grimaces et à mourir de faim. "
"Nous faisons autre chose."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -781,7 +858,7 @@
"à savoir que, sans la propriété du logiciel, les programmeurs ne
pourraient "
"pas recevoir le moindre sou. C'est, soi-disant, tout ou rien."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -790,13 +867,28 @@
"c'est qu'il leur sera tout de même possible d'être payés pour programmerÂ
; "
"seulement, pas aussi bien qu'aujourd'hui."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Restreindre la copie n'est pas la seule base du commerce des logiciels. "
"C'est la base la plus commune <a id=\"f8-rev\" href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>, car la "
@@ -805,7 +897,7 @@
"sont actuellement moins utilisées. Il y a de nombreuses façons d'organiser "
"une entreprise."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -820,7 +912,7 @@
"même chose, ce ne serait pas non plus une injustice (en pratique, ils "
"gagneraient quand même beaucoup plus)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -828,7 +920,7 @@
"<strong>« Les gens n'ont-ils pas le droit de contrôler l'usage qui est
fait "
"de leur créativité ? »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -837,13 +929,26 @@
"« Contrôler l'usage qui est fait de ses idées » revient à contrôler
la vie "
"des autres ; et c'est souvent utilisé pour leur rendre la vie plus
difficile."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Ceux qui ont étudié la question des droits de propriété intellectuelleÂ
<a id="
"\"f6-rev\" href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> Ã fond (les avocats, les juristes, etc.) "
@@ -852,7 +957,7 @@
"reconnus par les pouvoirs publics ont été créés par des actes
législatifs "
"précis dans des buts bien précis."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -873,7 +978,7 @@
"trop de tort. Ils ne gênent pas la plupart des particuliers qui utilisent "
"des produits brevetés."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -894,7 +999,7 @@
"ce système ne causait pas beaucoup de tort et ne gênait pas la plupart des "
"lecteurs."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -908,7 +1013,7 @@
"devons nous demander : avons-nous vraiment intérêt à accorder cette "
"licence ? Quels actes autorisons-nous avec cette licence ?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -928,12 +1033,12 @@
"matériellement et spirituellement ; une situation dans laquelle personne ne
"
"doit agir ainsi, que ce soit ou non autorisé par la loi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>« La concurrence permet de mieux faire les choses.Â
»</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -952,7 +1057,7 @@
"trouver d'autres stratégies comme d'agresser les autres concurrents. Si les "
"coureurs en viennent aux mains, ils finiront tous en retard."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -967,7 +1072,7 @@
"de feu. » Ce qu'il devrait faire, c'est séparer les combattants et
pénaliser "
"les coureurs dès qu'ils font mine de se battre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -975,7 +1080,7 @@
"<strong>« Les gens ne s'arrêteront-ils pas de programmer, sans l'appât du
"
"gain ? »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -988,7 +1093,7 @@
"qui n'ont aucun espoir de gagner leur vie avec la musique et pourtant "
"continuent à jouer."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1001,7 +1106,7 @@
"programmeurs qui travailleront pour une moindre rémunération ? D'après
mon "
"expérience, la réponse est oui."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1015,7 +1120,7 @@
"reconnaissance des autres, par exemple. Sans oublier que créer est amusantÂ
; "
"c'est une récompense en soi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1023,7 +1128,7 @@
"Et puis la plupart sont partis quand on leur a proposé de faire le même "
"travail intéressant en étant très bien payés."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1037,7 +1142,7 @@
"payent moins bien ont du mal face à ceux qui payent bien, mais ils devraient
"
"pouvoir s'en sortir si les gros payeurs sont bannis."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1045,7 +1150,7 @@
"<strong>« Nos besoins en programmeurs sont tellement importants que s'ils "
"interdisent le partage, nous ne pouvons que leur obéir. »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1054,13 +1159,13 @@
"une telle interdiction. Rappelez-vous : des millions pour la défense, mais "
"pas un sou de tribut !"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>« Il faut bien que les programmeurs gagnent leur pain. »</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1076,7 +1181,7 @@
"pain. Vous pouvez facilement trouver d'autres manières si vous le voulez. "
"Voici quelques exemples."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1084,7 +1189,7 @@
"Un fabricant qui sort un nouvel ordinateur payera pour le portage des "
"systèmes d'exploitation sur le nouveau matériel."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1092,11 +1197,23 @@
"Les services payants d'enseignement, d'assistance et de maintenance peuvent "
"également créer des postes de programmeurs."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Des personnes aux idées novatrices peuvent distribuer des logiciels comme "
"« graticiels » <i>[freeware]</i> <a id=\"f7-rev\" href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,
en "
@@ -1104,7 +1221,7 @@
"d'assistance. J'ai rencontré des personnes qui travaillent déjà de cette "
"manière avec succès."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1115,13 +1232,13 @@
"passer contrat avec une entreprise de développement pour écrire des "
"programmes spécifiques répondant aux souhaits de ses membres."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Toutes sortes de développements pourraient être financés par une taxe sur
le "
"logiciel."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1133,7 +1250,7 @@
"\">NSF</abbr><a href=\"#TransNote4\" id=\"TransNote4-rev\"><sup>d</sup></a> "
"pour subventionner le développement."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1147,7 +1264,7 @@
"du projet. La réduction peut atteindre le montant total de la taxe qu'il "
"avait à payer."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1155,19 +1272,19 @@
"Le taux de la taxe pourrait être déterminé par un vote de ceux qui la "
"payent, pondéré par le montant sur lequel ils seront taxés."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Les conséquences :"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "la communauté des utilisateurs soutient le développement logiciel ;"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "cette communauté décide du niveau de soutien financier nécessaireÂ
;"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1175,7 +1292,7 @@
"les utilisateurs qui s'intéressent aux projets bénéficiant de leur "
"participation peuvent les choisir eux-mêmes."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1193,7 +1310,7 @@
"conseil familial, la réparation de robots et l'exploration d'astéroïdes.
On "
"pourra programmer sans avoir besoin d'en faire un gagne-pain."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1214,11 +1331,11 @@
"chose à faire pour que les gains de productivité sur le plan technique se "
"traduisent en une diminution du temps de travail."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Notes"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1251,7 +1368,7 @@
"collaboration avec d'autres. <a href=\"#f1-rev\" class=\"nounderline"
"\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1266,10 +1383,21 @@
"html#GiveAwaySoftware\">Termes prêtant à confusion</a> » pour d'autres "
"explications. <a href=\"#f2a-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1279,13 +1407,13 @@
"ou par Internet. Mais le fait est qu'elle suggère la mauvaise "
"interprétation. <a href=\"#f2-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr ""
"Plusieurs sociétés de ce type existent actuellement. <a href=\"#f3-rev\" "
"class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1298,7 +1426,7 @@
"\">commander des logiciels, des livres, etc., Ã la FSF</a> pour soutenir son
"
"travail. <a href=\"#f4-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1307,7 +1435,7 @@
"financer la maintenance du compilateur C de GNU. <a
href=\"#f5-rev\">↑"
"</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1329,10 +1457,31 @@
"programmeurs payés gagnent moins dans un monde de logiciel libre. <a href="
"\"#f8-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1353,10 +1502,26 @@
"détaillées</a> sur la manière dont ce terme sème la confusion et le parti
"
"pris. <a href=\"#f6-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1417,14 +1582,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Merci d'adresser vos commentaires sur les pages en français à <<a href="
@@ -1435,9 +1600,15 @@
"traduction</a> les infos nécessaires."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014, 2015-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1471,10 +1642,9 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Dernière mise à jour :"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/manifesto.hr-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.hr-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -b -r1.9 -r1.10
--- po/manifesto.hr-diff.html 30 May 2021 19:32:26 -0000 1.9
+++ po/manifesto.hr-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.10
@@ -11,15 +11,27 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.75</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.77</em></ins></span> -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.75</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnu-history" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>The GNU Manifesto
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><style type="text/css"
media="print,screen"><!--
+a.ftn { font-size: .94em; }
+--></style></em></ins></span>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/manifesto.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>The GNU Manifesto</h2>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="comment"></em></ins></span>
<p> The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written
-by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> <span
class="removed"><del><strong>at the beginning
+by <a
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard</em></ins></span>
Stallman</a> <span class="removed"><del><strong>at the beginning
of the GNU Project,</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>in
1985</em></ins></span> to
ask for <span class="removed"><del><strong>participation and support.
For</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>support in
developing</em></ins></span> the
<span class="removed"><del><strong>first few years,</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU operating system. Part of the
@@ -53,13 +65,15 @@
who disagree with the Free Software Movement's ethical values. They
use it to promote an
<a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">amoral
approach</a> to the same field.</p>
+<hr class="no-display" />
+</div>
<h3 id="whats-gnu">What's</em></ins></span> GNU? Gnu's Not
Unix!</h3>
<p>
GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give
-it away free to everyone who can use it.<a href="#f1">(1)</a>
Several
+it away free to everyone who can use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>it.<a
href="#f1">(1)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>it <a class="ftn"
href="#f1">[1]</a>.</em></ins></span> Several
other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money,
programs and equipment are greatly needed.</p>
@@ -120,11 +134,11 @@
decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I
will be able to get along without any software that is not free. I
have resigned from the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent
-me from giving GNU away.<a href="#f2a">(2)</a></p>
+me from giving GNU <span class="removed"><del><strong>away.<a
href="#f2a">(2)</a></p>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><h3>Why</strong></del></span>
+<h3>Why</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>away <a class="ftn"
href="#f2a">[2]</a>.</p>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><h3
id="compatible">Why</em></ins></span> GNU Will Be Compatible with
Unix</h3>
+<h3 id="compatible">Why</em></ins></span> GNU Will Be Compatible with
Unix</h3>
<p>
Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential
@@ -177,7 +191,9 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><h3
id="contribute">How</em></ins></span> You Can Contribute</h3>
-<blockquote>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><blockquote></strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="comment"></em></ins></span>
<p>
(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a
href="http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects">High Priority Projects
@@ -186,7 +202,8 @@
ways to help, see <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://gnu.org/help/help.html">the</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="/help/help.html">the</em></ins></span> guide
to helping
the GNU operating system</a>.)
</p>
-</blockquote>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></blockquote></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
<p>
I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and
@@ -227,7 +244,7 @@
<p>
Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system
-software free, just like air.<a href="#f2">(3)</a></p>
+software free, just like <span class="removed"><del><strong>air.<a
href="#f2">(3)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>air <a class="ftn"
href="#f2">[3]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix
@@ -277,18 +294,21 @@
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="support"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><dl>
+<dt id="support"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means
-they can't rely on any support.”</strong></p>
+they can't rely on any <span
class="removed"><del><strong>support.”</strong></p>
-<p>
-<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing
-the support.”</strong></p>
+<p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>support.”</strong></dt>
+<dt></em></ins></span>
+<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing
+the <span
class="removed"><del><strong>support.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>support.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free
without service, a company to provide just service to people who have
-obtained GNU free ought to be profitable.<a
href="#f3">(4)</a></p>
+obtained GNU free ought to be <span
class="removed"><del><strong>profitable.<a
href="#f3">(4)</a></p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>profitable <a class="ftn"
href="#f3">[4]</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
<p>
We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming
@@ -321,15 +341,18 @@
should be able to use the program without paying for the service.</p>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="advertising"></em></ins></span>
+<dt id="advertising"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and
-you must charge for the program to support
that.”</strong></p>
+you must charge for the program to support <span
class="removed"><del><strong>that.”</strong></p>
-<p>
+<p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>that.”</strong></dt>
+<dt></em></ins></span>
<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get
-free.”</strong></p>
-
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>free.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>free.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be
used to inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But
@@ -343,14 +366,15 @@
On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and
such companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not
really necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates
-don't want to let the free market decide this?<a
href="#f4">(5)</a></p>
+don't want to let the free market decide <span
class="removed"><del><strong>this?<a href="#f4">(5)</a></p>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>this? <a class="ftn"
href="#f4">[5]</a></p>
+</dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="competitive"></em></ins></span>
+<dt id="competitive"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get
-a competitive edge.”</strong></p>
-
+a competitive <span
class="removed"><del><strong>edge.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>edge.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of
competition. You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but
@@ -363,14 +387,16 @@
<p>
I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
-manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a
href="#f5">(6)</a></p>
+manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>each.<a href="#f5">(6)</a></p>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<p></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>each <a class="ftn"
href="#f5">[6]</a>.</p>
+</dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="deserve"></em></ins></span>
+<dt id="deserve"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their
-creativity?”</strong></p>
-
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>creativity?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>creativity?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution.
Creativity can be a social contribution, but only in so far as society
@@ -379,11 +405,12 @@
punished if they restrict the use of these programs.</p>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="reward"></em></ins></span>
+<dt id="reward"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for
-his creativity?”</strong></p>
-
+his <span
class="removed"><del><strong>creativity?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>creativity?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to
maximize one's income, as long as one does not use means that are
@@ -408,10 +435,11 @@
creativity.</p>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="starve"></em></ins></span>
-<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong></p>
-
+<dt id="starve"></em></ins></span>
+<strong>“Won't programmers <span
class="removed"><del><strong>starve?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>starve?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us
cannot manage to get any money for standing on the street and making
@@ -431,7 +459,7 @@
<p>
Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software.
-It is the most common basis<a href="#f8">(7)</a> because it brings
in
+It is the most common <span class="removed"><del><strong>basis<a
href="#f8">(7)</a></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>basis <a class="ftn"
href="#f8">[7]</a></em></ins></span> because it brings in
the most money. If it
were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business would
move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
@@ -446,11 +474,12 @@
that.)</p>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p
id="right-to-control"></em></ins></span>
+<dt id="right-to-control"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their
-creativity is used?”</strong></p>
-
+creativity is <span
class="removed"><del><strong>used?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>used?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes
control over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make
@@ -458,7 +487,8 @@
<p>
People who have studied the issue of intellectual property
-rights<a href="#f6">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that
there
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>rights<a
href="#f6">(8)</a></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>rights <a class="ftn"
href="#f6">[8]</a></em></ins></span> carefully (such as lawyers) say
that there
is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were
created by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.</p>
@@ -502,11 +532,13 @@
regardless of whether the law enables him to.</p>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="competition"></em></ins></span>
+<dt id="competition"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“Competition makes things get done
-better.”</strong></p>
-
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>better.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>better.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we
encourage everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this
@@ -524,11 +556,13 @@
break them up, and penalize runners for even trying to fight.</p>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p
id="stop-programming"></em></ins></span>
+<dt id="stop-programming"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary
-incentive?”</strong></p>
-
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>incentive?”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>incentive?”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary
incentive. Programming has an irresistible fascination for some
@@ -561,20 +595,22 @@
if the high-paying ones are banned.</p>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="desperate"></em></ins></span>
+<dt id="desperate"></em></ins></span>
<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand
-that we stop helping our neighbors, we have to
obey.”</strong></p>
-
+that we stop helping our neighbors, we have to <span
class="removed"><del><strong>obey.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>obey.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand.
Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!</p>
<span class="removed"><del><strong><p></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="living"></em></ins></span>
-<strong>“Programmers need to make a living
somehow.”</strong></p>
-
+<dt id="living"></em></ins></span>
+<strong>“Programmers need to make a living <span
class="removed"><del><strong>somehow.”</strong></p></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>somehow.”</strong></dt>
+<dd></em></ins></span>
<p>
In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways
that programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a
@@ -593,7 +629,8 @@
<p>
People with new ideas could distribute programs as
-freeware<a href="#f7">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>freeware<a
href="#f7">(9)</a>,</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>freeware <a class="ftn"
href="#f7">[9]</a>,</em></ins></span> asking for donations from
satisfied
users, or selling handholding services. I have met people who are
already working this way successfully.</p>
@@ -630,6 +667,10 @@
<li>Users who care which projects their share is spent on can
choose this for themselves.</li>
</ul>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></dd>
+</dl>
+<div class="column-limit"></div></em></ins></span>
+
<p>
In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the
postscarcity world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to
@@ -651,9 +692,9 @@
<span
class="removed"><del><strong><h4>Footnotes</h4></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="column-limit"></div>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><h3
id="footnotes">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
+<h3 id="footnotes"
class="footnote">Footnotes</h3></em></ins></span>
<!-- The anchors do not match the actual footnote numbers because of
revisions over time. And if a new footnote is added, the references
@@ -689,7 +730,7 @@
<span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
name="f2"></a>This</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><li id="f2">This</em></ins></span> is
another place I failed to distinguish
-carefully between the two different meanings of “free”.
+carefully between the two different meanings of <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“free”.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>“free.”</em></ins></span>
The statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
suggest the wrong idea.</li>
@@ -728,7 +769,8 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><li id="f6">In</em></ins></span> the
1980s I had not yet realized how confusing
it was to speak of “the issue” of “intellectual
-property”. That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+<span class="removed"><del><strong>property”.</strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em>property.”</em></ins></span> That term
is obviously biased; more subtle is the
fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
“intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
@@ -740,7 +782,7 @@
<span class="removed"><del><strong><li><a
name="f7"></a>Subsequently</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><li
id="f7">Subsequently</em></ins></span> we learned to distinguish
-between “free software” and “freeware”. The
+between “free software” and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>“freeware”.</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>“freeware.”</em></ins></span> The
term “freeware” means software you are free to
redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and change the
source code, so most of it is not free software. See
@@ -750,11 +792,12 @@
Words and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Phrases</q></a></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>Phrases</a>”</em></ins></span> for
more explanation.</li>
</ol>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div
class="unprintable"></em></ins></span>
+<div <span
class="removed"><del><strong>id="footer"></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>id="footer" role="contentinfo">
+<div class="unprintable"></em></ins></span>
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>.
@@ -771,13 +814,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and <span
class="removed"><del><strong>submitting</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>contributing</em></ins></span> translations
of this article.</p>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div></em></ins></span>
@@ -798,7 +841,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2010</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2010, 2014, 2015</em></ins></span>
+<p>Copyright © 1985, 1993, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2003,</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2004,</em></ins></span> 2005, 2007, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2008,</strong></del></span> 2009, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2010</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2010, 2015, 2021</em></ins></span>
Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>
@@ -817,11 +860,12 @@
<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p
class="unprintable">Updated:</em></ins></span>
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/05/30 19:32:26 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:53 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong></div></strong></del></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em></div><!-- for class="inner", starts
in the banner include --></em></ins></span>
</body>
</html>
</pre></body></html>
Index: po/manifesto.hr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.hr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/manifesto.hr.po 30 May 2021 19:32:26 -0000 1.11
+++ po/manifesto.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.12
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-05-14 18:42+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Marin Rameša <marin.ramesa@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: www-hr <www-hr-lista@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -23,19 +23,20 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU manifest - GNU projekt - Zaklada za slobodan softver"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "GNU manifest"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
-# | href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> [-at the beginning
-# | of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and support.
-# | For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU operating
-# | system. Part of the text was taken from the original announcement of
-# | 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to account for
-# | [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it seems best to
-# | leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-] {+unchanged.+}
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> [-at the
+# | beginning of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and
+# | support. For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU
+# | operating system. Part of the text was taken from the original
+# | announcement of 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to
+# | account for [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it
+# | seems best to leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-]
+# | {+unchanged.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@
#| "it was updated in minor ways to account for developments, but now it "
#| "seems best to leave it unchanged as most people have seen it."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@
"u manjoj mjeri da bi ostao u toku dogaÄaja, no sada se Äini kako je
najbolje "
"ostaviti ga neizmijenjenog kakvog ga je veÄina ljudi vidjela."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@
"dijelova engleskog originala koja bi se izbjegla da je tekst drugaÄije "
"sroÄen. BiljeÅ¡ke dodane od 1993. pojaÅ¡njavaju ove stavke."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | [-For up-to-date information about-]{+If you want to install+} the
# | [-available GNU software, please see-] {+GNU/Linux system, we recommend
# | you use one of+} the [-information available on our <a
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@
"Za informacije kako pridonijeti, pogledajte <a href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -104,24 +105,37 @@
"open-source-misses-the-point.html\">amoral approach</a> to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Å to je GNU? Gnu Nije Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, Å¡to je kratica za Gnu Nije Unix, je naziv za potpun softverski sustav "
"kompatibilan s Unixom koji pišem kako bih ga mogao dati slobodno tako da ga "
"svatko može koristiti.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Nekoliko drugih dobrovoljaca "
"mi pomaže. Donacije vremena, novca, programa i opreme su vrlo potrebne."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -151,7 +165,7 @@
"elektroniÄku dokumentaciju. Nadamo se da Äemo, jednom, ponuditi sve korisno
"
"Å¡to uobiÄajeno dolazi sa Unix sustavom, i viÅ¡e."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -173,7 +187,7 @@
"sistemski programski jezici. Probati Äemo podržavati protokole za "
"komunikaciju UUCP, MIT Chaosnet i Internet."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -185,7 +199,7 @@
"možemo natjerati da radi. Dodatni trud potreban da ga pokrenemo i na manjim "
"strojevima Äe biti ostavljen nekome tko želi koristiti GNU na njima."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -194,11 +208,11 @@
"GNU” kada je to ime ovog projekta.<sup><a href=\"#TransNote1\">1</a></"
"sup> "
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Zašto moram napisati GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -220,13 +234,26 @@
"drugim ne-gostoljubivostima, no u jednom trenutku otišli su predaleko: nisam
"
"mogao ostati u ustanovi u kojoj se takve stvari rade protiv moje volje."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Kako bih mogao nastaviti koristiti raÄunala bez da budem neÄastan, odluÄio
"
"sam složiti dovoljnu koliÄinu slobodnog softvera tako da mogu iÄi dalje
bez "
@@ -234,11 +261,11 @@
"legalno ne bi mogao sprjeÄavati u slobodnom davanju GNU-a.<a href=\"#f2a\">"
"(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "ZaÅ¡to Äe GNU biti kompatibilan s Unixom"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -250,11 +277,11 @@
"popuniti bez da uništim te osobine. A sustav kompatibilan s Unixom bio bi "
"jednostavan za prihvaÄanje mnogim drugim ljudima."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Kako Äe GNU biti dostupan"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -269,18 +296,18 @@
"izmjene neÄe biti dozvoljene. Želim osigurati da Äe sve inaÄice GNU-a
ostati "
"slobodne."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "ZaÅ¡to mnogi drugi programeri žele pomoÄi"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
msgstr ""
"PronaÅ¡ao sam mnogo programera koji su uzbuÄeni oko GNU-a i žele pomoÄi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -304,7 +331,7 @@
"dobro sa bilo kojim odabirom. Postaju ciniÄni i misle da je programiranje "
"samo naÄin za zaradu."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -320,11 +347,11 @@
"ako koristimo softver koji nije slobodan. Za oko pola programera s kojima "
"razgovaram, ovo je bitna sreÄa koju novac ne može zamijeniti."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Kako vi možete pripomoÄi"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -340,7 +367,7 @@
"softverske pakete. Za druge naÄine na koje možete pomoÄi, pogledajte <a
href="
"\"/help/help.html\">vodiÄ za pomaganje GNU operativnoga sustava</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -348,7 +375,7 @@
"Tražim proizvoÄaÄe raÄunala za donacije strojeva i novca. Tražim
pojedince "
"za donacije programa i rada."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -360,7 +387,7 @@
"uporabu, odobreni za uporabu u naseljenim podruÄjima, i da ne trebaju "
"sofisticirano hlaÄenje ili napajanje."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -388,7 +415,7 @@
"biti Äe jednostavna zadaÄa. (Jezgra Äe zahtijevati bližu komunikaciju i "
"morati Äe se razvijati od strane male, uske grupe.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -404,19 +431,26 @@
"punu energiju na rad na GNU-u poštedom od potrebe da zarade za život na
neki "
"drugi naÄin."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "ZaÅ¡to Äe svi korisnici raÄunala imati koristi"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Kada GNU bude napisan, svatko Äe moÄi dobiti dobar sistemski softver "
"slobodno, baš kao i zrak.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -426,7 +460,7 @@
"Äe se bespotrebno gubljenje vremena na programiranje izbjeÄi. To vrijeme "
"može umjesto toga iÄi u unaprjeÄivanje tehnologije."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -441,7 +475,7 @@
"ili kompanije koja posjeduje izvorni kod i jedina ima moguÄnost napraviti "
"izmjene."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -456,7 +490,7 @@
"sustav ako njegov izvorni kod nije bio javan, i držali se toga tako da su "
"stvarno odbijali instalirati odreÄene programe. Ovo me snažno nadahnulo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -464,7 +498,7 @@
"KonaÄno, gubljenje vremena na razmiÅ¡ljanje tko je vlasnik sistemskog "
"softvera i Å¡to se smije ili ne smije Äiniti s njim bit Äe uklonjeno."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -489,7 +523,7 @@
"ikada skidate masku su strašne. Bolje je podržavati tvornicu zraka porezom "
"po glavi stanovnika i jednostavno odbaciti maske."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -497,11 +531,11 @@
"Kopiranje svih ili dijelova programa je prirodno programeru poput disanja, i "
"jednako produktivno. Mora biti slobodno."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Neki jednostavno odbacivi prigovori ciljevima GNU-a"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -509,7 +543,7 @@
"<strong>“Nitko ga neÄe koristiti ako je besplatan, jer to znaÄi da "
"nemaju podrÅ¡ku na koju se mogu pouzdati.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -517,17 +551,26 @@
"<strong>“Morate naplaÄivati za program kako biste platili pružanje "
"podrÅ¡ke.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ako bi ljudi radije platili za GNU i podršku nego dobili besplatni GNU bez "
"podrške, kompanija koja bi pružala samo podršku ljudima koji su slobodno "
"nabavili GNU morala bi biti profitabilna.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -539,7 +582,7 @@
"prodavaÄa softvera. Ako vaÅ¡ problem ne dijeli dovoljno ljudi, prodavaÄ Äe
"
"vam reÄi da se gonite."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -558,7 +601,7 @@
"biti moguÄe da nema kompetentne osobe, no ovaj problem ne može se baciti na
"
"naÄin distribucije. GNU ne rjeÅ¡ava sve svjetske probleme, samo neke."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -568,7 +611,7 @@
"ruku: trebaju da netko za njih uÄini ono Å¡to bi i oni sami jednostavno
mogli "
"no ne znaju kako."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -585,7 +628,7 @@
"vezani uz pojedinu. U meÄuvremenu, oni od nas koji ne trebaju uslugu Äe "
"morati moÄi koristiti program i bez plaÄanja za uslugu."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -593,7 +636,7 @@
"<strong>“Ne možete dosegnuti mnogo ljudi bez oglaÅ¡avanja, i morate "
"naplatiti program da biste to podržavali.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -601,7 +644,7 @@
"<strong>“Beskorisno je oglaÅ¡avati program do kojeg ljudi mogu doÄi "
"besplatno.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -618,19 +661,30 @@
"oglaÅ¡avanje i viÅ¡e. Na ovaj naÄin, samo korisnici koji imaju koristi od "
"oglašavanja plate za njega."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"S druge strane, ako mnogo ljudi dobije GNU od svojih prijatelja, i takve "
"kompanije ne uspiju, ovo Äe pokazati da oglaÅ¡avanje nije ustvari bilo "
"potrebno da se GNU proširi. Zašto zagovornici slobodnog tržišta ne
dopuštaju "
"da slobodno tržiÅ¡te odluÄi o ovome?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -638,7 +692,7 @@
"<strong>“Moja kompanija treba vlasniÄki operativni sustav da bi dobila
"
"na konkurentnosti.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -655,15 +709,24 @@
"problem. Ako je vaš posao nešto drugo, GNU vas može spasiti od polaska u "
"skupi posao prodaje operativnih sustava."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Volio bih vidjeti da GNU razvoj podržavaju darovi mnogih proizvoÄaÄa i "
"korisnika, smanjujuÄi cijenu oboma.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -671,7 +734,7 @@
"<strong>“Ne zaslužuju li programeri nagradu za svoju kreativnost?"
"”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -684,7 +747,7 @@
"programeri zaslužuju nagradu za stvaranje inovativnih programa, na isti "
"naÄin trebaju biti kažnjeni ako ograniÄuju uporabu ovih programa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -692,7 +755,7 @@
"<strong>“Ne bi li programer trebao moÄi tražiti nagradu za svoju "
"kreativnost?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -703,7 +766,7 @@
"mjere koje su danas uobiÄajene u podruÄju softvera zasnovane su na "
"destruktivnosti."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -717,7 +780,7 @@
"programa. Kada postoji namjerni odabir da se ograniÄi, Å¡tetne posljedice su
"
"namjerno uništenje."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -735,11 +798,11 @@
"bude nagraÄen za kreativnost ne opravdava sprjeÄavanje svijeta da koristi "
"svu ili dio te kreativnosti."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“NeÄe li programeri gladovati?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -751,7 +814,7 @@
"kao rezultat, prisiljeni provoditi naÅ¡ život stajuÄi na ulici i
gladujuÄi. "
"Äinimo neÅ¡to drugo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -761,7 +824,7 @@
"pitanja: da bez vlasniÅ¡tva nad softverom, programeri ne mogu biti plaÄeni
ni "
"centa. Navodno je sve ili ništa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -769,13 +832,28 @@
"Pravi razlog zaÅ¡to programeri neÄe gladovati je da Äe joÅ¡ uvijek biti
moguÄe "
"da budu plaÄeni za programiranje; samo ne plaÄeni koliko sada."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"OgraniÄavanje kopiranja nije jedina osnova softverskim kompanijama. To je "
"najuobiÄajenija osnova<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> jer donosi najviÅ¡e novca. Da "
@@ -783,7 +861,7 @@
"pomaknule na druge osnove organizacije koje se sada rijeÄe koriste. Uvijek "
"su postojali razni naÄini da se organizira bilo koja vrsta posla."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -797,7 +875,7 @@
"toliko zaraÄivali, ni to ne bi bila nepravda. (U praksi bi i dalje "
"zaraÄivali mnogo viÅ¡e nego prodavaÄi.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -805,7 +883,7 @@
"<strong>“Nemaju li ljudi pravo da kontroliraju kako se njihova "
"kreativnost koristi?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -814,13 +892,26 @@
"“Kontrola nad uporabom ideja pojedinca” ustvari je kontrola nad "
"tuÄim životima; i obiÄno se koristi da bi uÄinila njihove živote
težima."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Ljudi koji su prouÄavali problem prava intelektualnog vlasniÅ¡tva<a href="
"\"#f6\">(8)</a> pažljivo (poput odvjetnika) kažu da ne postoji uroÄeno
pravo "
@@ -828,7 +919,7 @@
"vlasništva koje vlada prepoznaje stvoreni su posebnim zakonima za posebne "
"svrhe."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -848,7 +939,7 @@
"ne Äine mnogo Å¡tete. Ne rade probleme veÄini pojedinaca koji koriste "
"patentirane proizvode."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -868,7 +959,7 @@
"tiskarskom stroju—uÄinio je malo Å¡tete, a nije smetao veÄini "
"pojedinaca koji Äitaju knjige."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -882,7 +973,7 @@
"zapitati: imamo li stvarno koristi od davanja takve licence? Kakav Äin "
"dozvoljavamo pojedincu da Äini?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -902,13 +993,13 @@
"duhovno; situaciju u kojoj osoba to ne bi trebala to Äiniti dozvoljavao ili "
"ne dozvoljavao joj to zakon."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“Konkurencija Äini da se stvari rade bolje.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -926,7 +1017,7 @@
"strategije—poput napadanja drugih trkaÄa. Ako se trkaÄi poÄnu tuÄi,
"
"svi Äe doÄi kasnije."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -940,7 +1031,7 @@
"napraviti jedan udarac.”) Ustvari bi ih trebao razdvojiti, i kazniti "
"trkaÄe Å¡to se uopÄe pokuÅ¡avaju tuÄi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -948,7 +1039,7 @@
"<strong>“NeÄe li svi prestati programirati bez novÄane
naknade?”"
"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -960,7 +1051,7 @@
"koji su u njemu najbolji. Mnogi profesionalni glazbenici nastavljaju svirati "
"makar nemaju nade da Äe zaraditi za život na taj naÄin."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -972,7 +1063,7 @@
"je pravo pitanje, da li Äe itko programirati sa smanjenom novÄanom
naknadom? "
"Moje iskustvo pokazuje da hoÄe."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -985,7 +1076,7 @@
"slavu i poštovanje, na primjer. A kreativnost je i zabavna, nagrada sama po "
"sebi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -993,7 +1084,7 @@
"Tada je veÄina njih otiÅ¡la kada su dobili Å¡ansu da rade isti interesantan "
"posao za mnogo novca."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1007,7 +1098,7 @@
"konkurenciji sa onima koje puno plaÄaju, ali ne moraju loÅ¡e stajati ako se "
"zabrane one koje puno plaÄaju."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1015,7 +1106,7 @@
"<strong>“OÄajniÄki trebamo programere. Ako oni zahtijevaju da "
"prestanemo pomagati naÅ¡im bližnjima, moramo se pokoriti.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1023,12 +1114,12 @@
"Nikada niste toliko oÄajni da se morate pokoriti ovakvoj vrsti zahtjeva. "
"Zapamtite: milijuni za obranu, no niti jedan cent za slavu!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“Programeri nekako moraju preživjeti.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1042,7 +1133,7 @@
"novca, a ne zato Å¡to je to jedini naÄin. Jednostavno je pronaÄi druge
naÄine "
"ako ih želite pronaÄi. Evo nekoliko primjera."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1050,7 +1141,7 @@
"ProizvoÄaÄ koji predstavlja novo raÄunalo platit Äe za prijenos
operativnih "
"sustava na novi hardver."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1058,18 +1149,30 @@
"Prodaja usluga uÄenja, držanja za ruke i održavanja takoÄer može "
"zapošljavati programere."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Ljudi s novim idejama mogli bi distribuirati programe besplatno<a href="
"\"#f7\">(9)</a> (<i>freeware</i>), tražeÄi donacije od zadovoljnih "
"korisnika, ili prodavajuÄi usluge držanja za ruke. Upoznao sam ljude koji "
"veÄ uspjeÅ¡no rade na ovaj naÄin."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1079,11 +1182,11 @@
"Udruga bi s programerskim kompanijama ugovorila pisanje programa koje bi "
"Älanovi grupe željeli koristiti."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "Mnoge vrste razvoja može se financirati sa Softverskim Porezom:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1093,7 +1196,7 @@
"softverski porez. Vlada to daje agenciji poput NSF koja to troši na razvoj "
"softvera."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1107,7 +1210,7 @@
"Može odbiti porez u iznosu bilo koje koliÄine donacije do razine za koju bi
"
"inaÄe morao platiti."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1115,19 +1218,19 @@
"Ukupna razina poreza može se odrediti glasanjem osoba koje plaÄaju porez, "
"odreÄena prema koliÄini na koju Äe biti oporezovani."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Posljedice:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "Zajednica korisnika raÄunala podržava razvoj softvera."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Ova zajednica odluÄuje koju koliÄinu podrÅ¡ke trebaju."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1135,7 +1238,7 @@
"Korisnici koje zanima koji projekti Äe dobiti njihov novac mogu ovo sami "
"odabrati."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1153,7 +1256,7 @@
"popravljanja robota i pregledavanja asteroida. NeÄe biti potrebe da se "
"zaraÄuje za život od programiranja."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1172,11 +1275,11 @@
"podruÄjima softverske produkcije. Ovo moramo uÄiniti, kako bismo pretvorili
"
"tehniÄke dobitke u produktivnosti u manje posla za nas same."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Fusnote"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1207,7 +1310,7 @@
"Važna stvar je da svatko tko ima kopiju ima i slobodu da suraÄuje s drugima
"
"u njenom korištenju."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1221,10 +1324,21 @@
"\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\">zbunjujuÄe rijeÄi i "
"fraze</a>” za bolje objaÅ¡njenje. "
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1233,11 +1347,11 @@
"kopije GNU softvera besplatno, od svojih prijatelja ili putem mreže. No ipak
"
"daje krivu ideju."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Danas postoji više takvih kompanija."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1249,7 +1363,7 @@
"usluge. Možete <a href=\"/order/order.html\">naruÄiti stvari od FSF-a</a>
da "
"biste podržali rad zaklade."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1257,7 +1371,7 @@
"Grupa raÄunalnih kompanija je skupila novac oko 1991. da bi podržala razvoj
"
"GNU C kompajlera."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1277,10 +1391,31 @@
"tome, viÅ¡e ne oÄekujem da Äe veÄina plaÄenih programera zaraÄivati
manje u "
"svijetu slobodnog softvera. "
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1300,10 +1435,26 @@
"Pogledajte <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">daljnje objašnjenje</a> o "
"tome kako ovaj termin Å¡iri zbunjenost i priklonjenost."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1346,14 +1497,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Radimo naporno i dajemo sve od sebe da bi pružili toÄne, visoko kvalitetne "
@@ -1365,15 +1522,15 @@
"prijevode</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, [-2010-]
-# | {+2010, 2014, 2015+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | [-2010-] {+2010, 2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free "
#| "Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free "
"Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1406,6 +1563,19 @@
msgstr "Zadnji put promijenjeno:"
#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Radimo naporno i dajemo sve od sebe da bi pružili toÄne, visoko "
+#~ "kvalitetne prijevode. MeÄutim, nismo osloboÄeni od nesavrÅ¡enosti. Molim
"
+#~ "vas Å¡aljite vaÅ¡e komentare i opÄenite prijedloge u tom smislu na <a
href="
+#~ "\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</"
+#~ "p> <p>Za informacije o koordiniranju i slanju prijevoda naših mrežnih "
+#~ "stranica, pogledajte <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">README za prijevode</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
#~ "For up-to-date information about the available GNU software, please see "
#~ "the information available on our <a href=\"/home.html\">web server</a>, "
#~ "in particular our <a href=\"/software/software.html\">list of software</"
Index: po/manifesto.it.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.it.po,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- po/manifesto.it.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:42 -0000 1.25
+++ po/manifesto.it.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.26
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-04-11 16:22+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Andrea Pescetti <pescetti@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Italian\n"
@@ -17,19 +17,34 @@
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Il Manifesto GNU - Progetto GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "Il Manifesto GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -42,7 +57,7 @@
"lievemente aggiornato per tener conto degli sviluppi, ma da quel momento la "
"scelta migliore sembra essere quella di lasciarlo immutato."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -52,7 +67,7 @@
"evitare con una diversa scelta di termini. Le note in calce aggiunte a "
"partire dal 1993 aiutano a chiarire questi punti. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -64,7 +79,7 @@
"Vedete <a href=\"/help/help.html\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> per scoprire "
"come contribuire."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -81,17 +96,30 @@
"affrontano le stesse questioni ma lo fanno con un <a href=\"/philosophy/open-"
"source-misses-the-point.html\">approccio privo di riferimenti etici</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Cos'è GNU? Gnu Non è Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, che sta per \"Gnu's Not Unix\" (Gnu Non è Unix), è il nome del sistema
"
"software completo e Unix-compatibile che sto scrivendo per distribuirlo "
@@ -99,7 +127,7 @@
"altri volontari mi stanno aiutando. Abbiamo gran necessità di contributi in
"
"tempo, denaro, programmi e macchine."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -129,7 +157,7 @@
"Speriamo di fornire, col tempo, tutte le cose utili che normalmente si "
"trovano in un sistema Unix, ed anche di più. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -153,7 +181,7 @@
"Per le comunicazioni vedremo di supportare UUCP, Chaosnet del MIT ed i "
"protocolli di Internet. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -165,7 +193,7 @@
"Lasceremo agli interessati il lavoro necessario a farlo girare su macchine "
"più piccole."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -175,11 +203,11 @@
"serve ad evitare che in inglese \"GNU\" sia pronunciato come la parola \"new"
"\"]."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Perché devo scrivere GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -203,13 +231,26 @@
"rimanere in una istituzione dove ciò viene fatto a mio nome contro la mia "
"volontà . "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Per poter continuare ad usare i computer senza disonore, ho deciso di "
"raccogliere un corpus di software libero in modo da andare avanti senza "
@@ -217,11 +258,11 @@
"di Intelligenza Artificiale per togliere al MIT ogni scusa legale che mi "
"impedisca di distribuire GNU.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Perché GNU sarà compatibile con Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -233,11 +274,11 @@
"Unix senza rovinarne le caratteristiche. E adottare un sistema compatibile "
"con Unix può risultare pratico anche per molti altri. "
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Come sarà reso disponibile GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -252,11 +293,11 @@
"\"> proprietarie</a>. Voglio essere sicuro che tutte le versioni di GNU "
"rimangano libere. "
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Perché molti altri programmatori desiderano essere d'aiuto"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -264,7 +305,7 @@
"Ho trovato molti altri programmatori molto interessati a GNU che vogliono "
"dare una mano."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -289,7 +330,7 @@
"scelte. Diventano cinici e pensano che programmare sia solo un modo per fare "
"soldi. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -306,11 +347,11 @@
"software che non sia libero. Per circa la metà dei programmatori che conosco
"
"è una soddisfazione importante, che il denaro non può sostituire."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Come si può contribuire"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -327,7 +368,7 @@
"href=\"/help/help.html\">la guida per aiutare il sistema il sistema "
"operativo GNU</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -335,7 +376,7 @@
"Chiedo ai produttori di computer donazioni in denaro e macchine, ed ai "
"privati donazioni in programmi e lavoro."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -347,7 +388,7 @@
"l'utilizzo in aree residenziali e non devono richiedere raffreddamento o "
"alimentazione di tipo sofisticato."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -377,7 +418,7 @@
"fattibile. Il kernel invece richiederà una più stretta cooperazione, e
verrà "
"sviluppato da un gruppo piccolo e affiatato."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -393,19 +434,26 @@
"permettere a degli appassionati di dedicare tutte le loro energie al lavoro "
"su GNU senza essere costretti a guadagnarsi da vivere in un altro modo."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Perché tutti gli utenti dei computer ne trarranno beneficio"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Una volta scritto GNU, ognuno potrà avere liberamente del buon software di "
"sistema, così come può avere l'aria.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -416,7 +464,7 @@
"sforzo della programmazione di sistema. Queste energie possono essere invece "
"impiegate ad avanzare lo stato dell'arte."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -431,7 +479,7 @@
"in balia di un solo programmatore o di una impresa che, avendo la proprietà "
"esclusiva dei sorgenti, sia la sola a poter fare le modifiche."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -448,7 +496,7 @@
"installare alcuni programmi. Questo comportamento mi è stato di grande "
"ispirazione."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -456,7 +504,7 @@
"Infine, scompariranno le necessità burocratiche di tener conto di chi sia il
"
"proprietario del software di sistema e di chi abbia il diritto di farci cosa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -482,7 +530,7 @@
"finanziare l'impianto di ossigenazione con una tassa pro capite e buttar via "
"le maschere."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -491,11 +539,11 @@
"programmatore quanto respirare ed è altrettanto produttivo. Dovrebbe essere
"
"altrettanto libero."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Alcune obiezioni facilmente confutabili agli obiettivi GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -503,7 +551,7 @@
"<strong>«La gente non lo userà se è gratuito, perché non potrÃ
avere "
"l'assistenza».</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -511,18 +559,27 @@
"<strong>«Un programma deve essere a pagamento, per poter fornire "
"supporto adeguato».</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Se la gente preferisse pagare per GNU più l'assistenza piuttosto che avere "
"GNU gratis senza assistenza, allora un'impresa che fornisse assistenza a chi "
"si è procurato GNU gratis potrebbe operare con profitto.<a
href=\"#f3\">(4)</"
"a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -534,7 +591,7 @@
"software. Se il problema non è sentito da un numero sufficiente di clienti "
"allora il venditore dirà al cliente di arrangiarsi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -554,7 +611,7 @@
"non potrà essere imputato al sistema di distribuzione. GNU non elimina tutti
"
"i problemi del mondo, solo alcuni."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -564,7 +621,7 @@
"di manutenzione, cioè di cose che potrebbero fare facilmente da soli ma che "
"non sono in grado di fare."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -583,7 +640,7 @@
"frattempo, coloro che non avranno bisogno del servizio saranno sempre in "
"grado di usare il programma senza pagare il servizio."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -591,7 +648,7 @@
"<strong>«Non si può raggiungere molta gente senza pubblicità , e per "
"finanziarla si deve far pagare il programma.»</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -599,7 +656,7 @@
"<strong>«È inutile reclamizzare un programma gratuito».</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -617,12 +674,23 @@
"pubblicità e da guadagnarci. In questo modo, pagano la pubblicità solo gli "
"utenti che ne beneficiano."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"D'altro canto, se molta gente ottiene GNU da amici e queste aziende non "
"hanno successo, vorrà dire che la pubblicità non era necessaria per "
@@ -630,7 +698,7 @@
"vogliono lasciare che sia il libero mercato a decidere?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</"
"a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -638,7 +706,7 @@
"<strong>«La mia azienda ha bisogno di un sistema operativo "
"proprietario per essere più avanti della concorrenza».</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -656,16 +724,25 @@
"avete un'attività di altro tipo, GNU vi può evitare di essere spinti nel "
"costoso campo della vendita di sistemi operativi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Mi piacerebbe che lo sviluppo di GNU fosse sostenuto da donazioni da parte "
"di numerosi produttori ed utenti, riducendo così la spesa per tutti.<a href="
"\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -673,7 +750,7 @@
"<strong>«Ma i programmatori non meritano una ricompensa per la loro "
"creatività ?»</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -688,7 +765,7 @@
"la stessa logica meritano una punizione se pongono restrizioni all'uso di "
"questi programmi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -696,7 +773,7 @@
"<strong>«Un programmatore non dovrebbe poter chiedere una ricompensa "
"per la sua creatività ?»</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -707,7 +784,7 @@
"metodi che siano distruttivi. Ma i metodi comuni nel campo del software, al "
"giorno d'oggi, sono distruttivi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -721,7 +798,7 @@
"programma. Quando c'è una scelta deliberata di porre restrizioni, le "
"conseguenze dannose sono distruzione deliberata."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -740,12 +817,12 @@
"propria creatività non giustifica il privare il mondo nel suo insieme di "
"tutta o parte di questa creatività ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>«Ma i programmatori non moriranno di fame?»</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -757,7 +834,7 @@
"ciò non vuol dire che siamo condannati a passare la vita per strada a fare i
"
"mimi, e morire di fame. Facciamo un altro lavoro."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -768,7 +845,7 @@
"pagare ai programmatori il becco di un quattrino. Un'assunzione del tipo "
"tutto o niente. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -777,13 +854,28 @@
"loro egualmente possibile essere pagati per programmare, solo non pagati "
"così tanto come ora. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Porre restrizioni sulle copie non è l'unico modello di affari nel campo del "
"software. È il modello più comune<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> perché è
il "
@@ -792,7 +884,7 @@
"ora meno comuni. Ci sono sempre numerosi modi per organizzare un qualunque "
"tipo di affari. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -807,7 +899,7 @@
"stipendi (in pratica guadagnerebbero molto di più), non sarebbe nemmeno "
"quella un'ingiustizia."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -815,7 +907,7 @@
"<strong>«Ma le persone non hanno diritto di controllare come la loro "
"creatività viene usata?»</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -825,13 +917,26 @@
"un controllo sulle vite degli altri; e di solito viene usato per rendere più
"
"difficili le loro vite."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Le persone che hanno studiato con cura i vari aspetti del diritto alla "
"proprietà intellettuale<a href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> (come gli avvocati) dicono "
@@ -839,7 +944,7 @@
"dei supposti diritti alla proprietà intellettuale riconosciuti dal governo "
"furono creati da specifici atti legislativi per scopi specifici."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -860,7 +965,7 @@
"brevetti non costituiscono un gran danno. E non ostacolano la gran parte "
"degli individui che usano prodotti coperti da brevetto."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -880,7 +985,7 @@
"apparecchiature tipografiche, non fece molto danno e non pose ostacoli alla "
"maggior parte dei lettori."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -894,7 +999,7 @@
"dobbiamo chiederci: facciamo realmente bene a concedere queste licenze? Che "
"atti permettiamo di compiere con esse? "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -914,14 +1019,14 @@
"suo insieme, sia materialmente che spiritualmente, una situazione in cui "
"quel qualcuno non dovrebbe farlo, che la legge lo permetta o no."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>«La competizione fa sì che le cose siano fatte
meglio».</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -939,7 +1044,7 @@
"trovare altre strategie, come ad esempio attaccare gli altri concorrenti. "
"Se i corridori si azzuffano, arrivano tutti in ritardo al traguardo. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -953,7 +1058,7 @@
"puoi tirare un pugno»). Dovrebbe invece dividerli e penalizzarli "
"anche se solo provassero a combattere. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -961,7 +1066,7 @@
"<strong>«Ma senza un incentivo economico non smetterebbero tutti di "
"programmare?»</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -973,7 +1078,7 @@
"quelli che ci riescono meglio. Non mancano certo i musicisti professionisti "
"che insistono pur non avendo speranza di guadagnarsi da vivere suonando."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -985,7 +1090,7 @@
"corretta è: \"qualcuno si metterà mai a programmare per un minore incentivo
"
"economico?\". La mia esperienza dice che sì, ci si metterà ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -998,7 +1103,7 @@
"soddisfazioni non economiche di moltissimi tipi, ad esempio fama e "
"riconoscenza. E la creatività è anche divertente, un premio di per sé. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1006,7 +1111,7 @@
"Poi molti se ne sono andati quando hanno avuto la possibilità di fare lo "
"stesso interessante lavoro per un mucchio di soldi. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1021,7 +1126,7 @@
"pagano molto, ma non sarebbero necessariamente in questa posizione se quelle "
"che pagano molto fossero bandite. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1030,7 +1135,7 @@
"chiedono di smettere di aiutare i nostri vicini dobbiamo obbedire».</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1039,14 +1144,14 @@
"Ricorda: milioni in difesa, ma non un centesimo in tributi [N.d.T.: è una "
"famosa frase di George Washington]. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>«I programmatori devono guadagnarsi da vivere in qualche "
"modo».</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1061,7 +1166,7 @@
"strada per guadagnarsi da vivere. È facile trovarne altre se se ne "
"vogliono trovare. Ecco una serie di esempi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1069,7 +1174,7 @@
"Un produttore che immette sul mercato un nuovo computer pagherà per il "
"porting dei sistemi operativi sul nuovo hardware. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1077,18 +1182,30 @@
"I servizi a pagamento di insegnamento, gestione e manutenzione possono "
"impiegare dei programmatori. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Persone con idee nuove possono distribuire i programmi gratuitamente<a href="
"\"#f7\">(9)</a> chiedendo donazioni agli utenti soddisfatti, o vendendo "
"servizi di gestione. Ho incontrato persone che già lavorano con successo in
"
"questo modo. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1098,13 +1215,13 @@
"potrebbe stipulare un contratto con un'impresa di programmazione per "
"scrivere i programmi che i membri del gruppo vorrebbero usare. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Tutti i tipi di sviluppo possono essere finanziati da una Tassa per il "
"Software:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1115,7 +1232,7 @@
"fondi ad un'agenzia come la NSF [N.d.T.: più o meno l'equivalente del nostro
"
"CNR] per impiegarli nello sviluppo del software. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1130,7 +1247,7 @@
"ottenere un credito per ogni donazione fatta, fino al valore totale della "
"tassa che dovrebbe pagare. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1138,20 +1255,20 @@
"Il gettito complessivo di questa tassa potrebbe essere deciso dal voto di "
"chi la paga, pesato secondo l'ammontare pagato. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Le conseguenze:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr ""
"La comunità degli utenti di computer sosterrebbe lo sviluppo del software."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "La comunità sceglierebbe il livello di sostegno necessario."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1159,7 +1276,7 @@
"Gli utenti che fossero interessati a sapere su che progetto vengano spesi i "
"loro soldi avrebbero la possibilità di gestire personalmente la cosa. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1177,7 +1294,7 @@
"familiare, riparare i robot e prevedere il moto degli asteroidi. Non ci sarÃ
"
"bisogno di guadagnarsi da vivere con la programmazione."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1198,11 +1315,11 @@
"tecnici in produttività si traducano in meno lavoro per noi. "
# type: Content of: <h4>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Note"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1232,7 +1349,7 @@
"software tanto meglio. La cosa importante è che chiunque ne abbia una copia "
"sia libero di cooperare con altri nell'usarlo."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1246,10 +1363,21 @@
"ulteriori spiegazioni vedere la pagina sui <a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-"
"avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\"> termini da evitare</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1258,11 +1386,11 @@
"si possono ottenere gratuitamente copie del software GNU, o dagli amici o "
"attraverso la rete. Ma in effetti suggerisce un'idea sbagliata."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Oggi esistono effettivamente molte ditte di questo tipo."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1274,7 +1402,7 @@
"distribuzione di software e materiale. È possibile <a href=\"/order/"
"order.html\">ordinare materiale dalla FSF</a> per sostenere il suo lavoro."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1282,7 +1410,7 @@
"Un gruppo di aziende decise, intorno al 1991, di mettere insieme fondi per "
"contribuire alla manutenzione del compilatore C di GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1303,10 +1431,31 @@
"che la maggior parte dei programmatori pagati guadagnerebbero meno in quella "
"situazione."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1326,10 +1475,26 @@
"informazioni</a> su come questo termine diffonda confusione e parzialità di "
"giudizio."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1369,14 +1534,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Le traduzioni italiane sono effettuate ponendo la massima attenzione ai "
@@ -1390,9 +1555,15 @@
"traduzioni</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014, 2015-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1427,13 +1598,12 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ultimo aggiornamento:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "For up-to-date information about the available GNU software, please see "
Index: po/manifesto.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.27
retrieving revision 1.28
diff -u -b -r1.27 -r1.28
--- po/manifesto.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.27
+++ po/manifesto.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.28
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-06-03 09:40+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese <web-translators-ja@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,18 +14,27 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNUå®£è¨ - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "GNU宣è¨"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -36,7 +45,7 @@
"ãããã®ã§ãã1987å¹´ã¾ã§ã¯ãéçºã説æããã®ã«å°ã
æ´æ°ããã¾ãããããããã"
"ã¯ãå¤æ´ãªãã®ã¾ã¾ã§ç½®ãã¦ããã®ãããã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -46,7 +55,7 @@
"ããããããã¡ã¯å¦ã³ã¾ããã1993å¹´ããè注ãä»ã足ãããã®ç¹ãæ確ã«ãã¾ã"
"ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -58,7 +67,7 @@
"ã¨ããæ¨å¥¨ãã¾ããã©ã®ããã«è²¢ç®ãããã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>ãã覧ãã ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -74,24 +83,31 @@
"ãã£ã¼ã«ãã§<a
href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\">å«çã¨"
"ã¯ç¡é¢ä¿ã®ã¢ããã¼ã</a>ãæ¨é²ããã®ã«ãã®ç¨èªã使ã£ã¦ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "GNUã£ã¦ãªã«? Gnuã¯Unixã§ã¯ãªã (Gnu's Not Unix)!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNUãããã¯Gnuã¯Unixã§ã¯ãªã(Gnu's Not
Unix)ã表ãã¾ããããããããããªã¼ã"
"ã«æ¸¡ãã誰ãã使ããããã«ãæ¸ãã¦ããå®å
¨ãªUnixäºæã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã»ã·ã¹ãã "
"ã®å称ã§ãã<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>
ä½äººãã®ã»ãã®ãã©ã³ãã£ã¢ãããããå©ã"
"ã¦ããã¾ããæéããéãããã°ã©ã
ãããã¦æ©å¨ã®è²¢ç®ã大ãã«å¿
è¦ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -120,7 +136,7 @@
"ã³ãå
ããã§ããããããããã¡ã¯ãæçµçã«ã¯ãUnixã·ã¹ãã
ã«é常ã¤ãã¦ããã"
"ãã¹ã¦ã®æç¨ãªãã®ã¨ããã£ã¨å¤ããæä¾ãããã¨ãæã¿ã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -142,7 +158,7 @@
"Chaosnet,
ããã¦ã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãããã®åãããã³ã«ãéä¿¡ã®ããã«ãµãã¼ããããã¨ã"
"ã¦ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -153,7 +169,7 @@
"ãªãããããã¯èµ°ãããã®ã«ãã£ã¨ã容æãªãã·ã³ã
ããã§ããããå°ããªãã·ã³ã§"
"èµ°ããã追å
ã®åªåã¯ãããã使ããã誰ãã«æ®ããã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -161,11 +177,11 @@
"ã¨ãã§ããªãæ··åãé¿ããããããã®ããã¸ã§ã¯ãã®ååã®æã¯ã“GNU”"
"ã®<em>g</em>ãçºé³ãã¦ãã ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ãªãããããã¯GNUãæ¸ããã°ãªããªãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -187,13 +203,20 @@
"è¡ã£ã¦ãã¾ãã¾ãã:
ãããã®æå¿ã«åãã¦ãããã«ãã®ãããªãã¨ãè¡ãããæ©é¢"
"ã«çã¾ããã¨ã¯ã§ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"å±è¾±ãªãã«ã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã使ããã¨ãç¶ããããããã«ããããã¯ãååãªèªç±ã½ã"
"ãã¦ã§ã¢ãã²ã¨ããããã¾ã¨ãããã¨ã決æãã¾ããããããã¦ãã©ããªèªç±ã§ãªã"
@@ -201,11 +224,11 @@
"ãGNUã渡ãã®ãç¦ãããã©ããªæ³ççç±ãMITã«ä¸ãã¾ããã§ããã<a
href=\"#f2a"
"\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "ãªãGNUã¯Unixã¨äºæã¨ãªãã®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -217,11 +240,11 @@
"ãã¨ãªããè£ããã¨ãã§ããã
ããã¨èãã¾ãããããã¦Unixã¨äºæã®ã·ã¹ãã ã¯å¤"
"ãã®ã»ãã®äººã
ãæ¡ç¨ããã®ã«ä¾¿å©ã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "ã©ã®ããã«ãã¦GNUã¯å©ç¨å¯è½ã¨ãªãã®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -235,11 +258,11 @@
"ãã©ã¤ã¨ã¿ãª</a>ãªæ¹å¤ã¯è¨±ããã¾ããããããã¯ããã¹ã¦ã®GNUã®ãã¼ã¸ã§ã³ãèªç±"
"ã®ã¾ã¾ã§ãããã¨ã確å®ã«ãããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr
"ãªããããããã®ã»ãã®ããã°ã©ããæ´å©ãããã®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -247,7 +270,7 @@
"å¤ãã®ã»ãã®ããã°ã©ããGNUã«ã¤ãã¦è奮ããæ¯æãå¸æããã®ãããããã¯ç¥ãã¾"
"ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -270,7 +293,7 @@
"ããããããããæ³å¾ãä¿¡ãã人ã
ã¯ã©ã¡ãã®é¸æã§ãå®å µãã¾ããããããã¯å·ç¬"
"çã¨ãªããããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã¯åã«ãéãå¾ãæ¹æ³ã
ã¨èããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -286,11 +309,11 @@
"ã«ã¯ä¸å¯è½ã§ããã調åã®æè¦ãããããã¡ã«ä¸ãã¦ããã¾ãããããã話ãããã"
"ã°ã©ãã®åæ°ã«ã¨ã£ã¦ãããã¯ãéã§ã¯ç½®ãæããããªãéè¦ãªå¹¸ç¦ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "ã©ã®ããã«ããªãã¯è²¢ç®ã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -306,7 +329,7 @@
"æ¹æ³ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/help/help.html\">GNUãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã ãæ"
"ä¼ãã¬ã¤ã</a>ãã覧ãã ããã)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -314,7 +337,7 @@
"ã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿è£½é æ¥è
ã«ã¯ãã·ã³ã¨ãéã®å¯ä»ãæ±ãã¦ãã¾ããå人ã«ã¯ããã°ã©ã
"
"ã¨ä½æ¥ã®å¯ä»ãæ±ãã¦ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -325,7 +348,7 @@
"ã ãããã¨ãããã®ã§ãããã·ã³ã¯å®å
¨ã§ãããã«ä½¿ããã·ã¹ãã ã§ãå±
ä½å°åã§ã®"
"使ç¨ãèªããããç¹å¥ãªç©ºèª¿ãé»æºè¨åãå¿
è¦ã®ãªããã®ã§ããã¹ãã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -352,7 +375,7 @@
"ã¦ãããããã®é¨åãçµã¿åããããã¨ã¯å®ç¾å¯è½ãªä»äºã§ãã(ã«ã¼ãã«ã¯ç·å¯ãªã"
"ãã¨ããå¿
è¦ã¨ããå°ããå¯æ¥ãªã°ã«ã¼ãã«ãã£ã¦ä½æ¥ãããã§ãããã)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -368,19 +391,23 @@
"GNUã®ä½æ¥ã«åãããã¨ãå¯è½ã¨ããæ¹æ³ãã¨èãã¦ãã¾ããå¥ã®æ¹æ³ã§çè¨ãç«ã¦ã"
"å¿
è¦ããå
ãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr
"ãªãããã¹ã¦ã®ã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã»ã¦ã¼ã¶ãå©çãåããã®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ä¸æ¦ãGNUãæ¸ããããããã¹ã¦ã®äººãè¯ãã·ã¹ãã
ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ããã¡ããã©ç©ºæ°ã®"
"ããã«ãèªç±ã«å¾ããã¨ãåºæ¥ãã®ã§ãã<a
href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -391,7 +418,7 @@
"ãé¿ãããããã¨ãæå³ãã¾ãããã®åªåã¯ã代ããã«ãæå
端ã®æè¡ãããé²ãã"
"ããã«ä½¿ããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -405,7 +432,7 @@
"ã¦ã¼ã¶ã¯ãã½ã¼ã¹ã³ã¼ããææããå¤æ´ãã§ããåç¬ã®å°ä½ã«ããä¸äººã®ããã°ã©"
"ãããããã¯ä¸ã¤ã®ä¼ç¤¾ã®æ
æ²ã«ãããå¿
è¦ã¯ãããªããªãã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -421,7 +448,7 @@
"å®éã«ããããã¤ãã®ããã°ã©ã
ãã¤ã³ã¹ãã¼ã«ãããã¨ãæå¦ãã¦ãã¾ããããã"
"ãã¯ãããã«å¤§ããå½±é¿ãåãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -429,7 +456,7 @@
"æå¾ã«ã誰ãã·ã¹ãã
ã»ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãææãããªã«ãããã¨ã¨ãã«è¡ãããè³æ
¼ã"
"ããã®ããªãã®ããæ¤è¨ãããªã¼ããããããªããªãã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -453,7 +480,7 @@
"ã®å ´æã«ç½®ãã¨ãªã£ã¦ã¯æ´èã§ãããããããããã人é
ç¨ã§ç©ºæ°ãã©ã³ãããµãã¼"
"ããããã¹ã¯ã¯ãããæ¹ã妥å½ã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -461,11 +488,11 @@
"ããã°ã©ã
ã®ãã¹ã¦ãããã¯ä¸é¨ãã³ãã¼ãããã¨ã¯ããã°ã©ãã«ã¨ã£ã¦ãå¼å¸ãã"
"ãã¨ã®ããã«èªç¶ã§ããããã¦ããã¯çç£çã§ããããã¯èªç±ã§ããã¹ãã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "GNUã®ç®æ¨ã«å¯¾ãã容æã«åé§ã§ããåè«"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
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"ãã¼ããæå¾
ã§ããªããã¨ãæå³ããããã§ããã</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>ããµãã¼ããæä¾ããããã«æéãæ¯æããã課ãã¹ãã§ããã</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"人ã
ããGNUãç¡æã§ãµã¼ãã¹ãªãã§ã¯ãªãããããGNUã¨å
ãããµã¼ãã¹ã«æ¯æãã®"
"ã§ããã°ãGNUãç¡æã§åå¾ãã人ã
ã«ãµã¼ãã¹ã
ããæä¾ããä¼ç¤¾ãå©çãçãã§"
"ãããã<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
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"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
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"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
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"ããåé¡ã®ããã¤ãã«éãã¾ããã"
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
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è¦ãªããããã°ã©ã ã使ãã"
"ã¹ãã§ãã"
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"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
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ã«å±ããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãããããã¦ããããµãã¼ã"
"ããã«ã¯ããã°ã©ã
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ã«åºåãããã¨ãªã©ç¡ç¨ã§ããã</"
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msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
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"åºããã®ã«å®éã¯åºåã¯å¿
è¦ãªããã¨ã示ãã§ããããèªç±å¸å ´ã®æè·è
ã¯èªç±å¸å ´"
"ãããã決ããããã«ãããã¨æããªãã®ã¯ãªãã§ãããã?<a
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"a>"
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msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
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"<strong>ããããã®ä¼ç¤¾ã¯ãããã©ã¤ã¨ã¿ãªãªãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã
ã競äºå"
"ãå¾ãããã«å¿
è¦ã¨ãã¾ããã</strong>"
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msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
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ã売ããã¸ãã¹ã«æ¼ãè¾¼ã¾ãããã¨ããããªããæããã¨ãã§ããã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"GNUã®éçºããããããã®è£½é æ¥è
ã¨ã¦ã¼ã¶ããã®æ©æµã§æ¯æ´ãããããããã®ã³ã¹ã"
"ãåæ¸ãããã¨ããã¿ã¦ã¿ããã¨ããããã¯é¡ã£ã¦ãã¾ãã<a
href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
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"<strong>ãããã°ã©ãã¯ãã®åµé æ§ã«å¯¾ãã¦å ±é
¬ã«å¤ããªãã®ã§ãããã?ã</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
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"ããããã°ã©ããé©æ°çãªããã°ã©ã ãä½ã£ããã¨ã§å ±é
¬ã«å¤ãããªãã°ãåæ§ãªç"
"ç±ã§ããã®ããã°ã©ã ã®å©ç¨ãå¶éããå
´åã«ã¯ç½°ã«å¤ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
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"<strong>ãããã°ã©ãã¯ãã®åµé æ§ã«å¯¾ãã¦å ±é
¬ãè¦æ±ãããã¨ãã§ããã¹ãã§ã¯ãª"
"ãã§ãããã?ã</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
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"åéã§æ
£ç¿ã¨ãªã£ã¦ããæ¹æ³ã¯ç
´å£ã«ãã¨ã¥ãã¦ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
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ããå¼ãåºãå¯ã®éãæ¸ããã¾ããå¶éããæ
æã®"
"é¸æãããæã«ã¯ãæªå½±é¿ã¯æ
æã®ç ´å£ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
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"ä½çã«ã¯ãåµé æ§ã¸ã®å ±é
¬ãå¾ããã¨ãã欲æã¯ããã®åµé æ§ã®å
¨ä½ãããã¯ä¸é¨ã"
"ä¸éä¸è¬ãã奪ããã¨ãæ£å½åãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>ãããã°ã©ãã¯é£¢ãã¾ããã?ã</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
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"ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
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"å¯è½ã ããã§ããä»ã¨åãããã«å¤ãã¯ãªãã ãã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
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msgstr ""
"ã³ãã¼ããããã¨ãå¶éãããã¨ã
ãããã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã®ãã¸ãã¹ã®åºç¤ã§ã¯ããã¾"
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"常ã«ããã¾ãã"
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msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
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msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
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æ§ãã©ã®ããã«ä½¿ããããã³ã³ããã¼ã«ãã権å©ã人ã
ã¯æãã¾ãã"
"ã?ã</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
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"ããå°é£ã«ãã¦ãã¾ãã¾ãã"
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-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
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-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
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+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
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msgstr ""
"ç¥ç財ç£æ¨©<a href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>ã®åé¡ãæ
éã«ç 究ãã人ã
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"ã¯ãç¥ç財ç£ã«ã¯æ¬æ¥åãã£ã¦ãã権å©ã¯ãªããã¨è¨ãã¾ããæ¿åºãèªèãããä¿¡ã"
"ããã¦ããé¡ã®ç¥ç財ç£æ¨©ã¯ãç¹å®ã®ç®çã®ããã®ç¹å®ã®æ³å¾ã«ãã£ã¦ä½ããããã®"
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ã«ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹ãã¦ããã®ãã"
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msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr
"<strong>ã競äºãããã®ãã¨ããããããã®ã¨ãã¾ããã</strong>"
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"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
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ãæ»æãããã¨ããããã«ãèµ°è
ãç´ æã§æ®´ãå"
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¨å¡ãé
ãã´ã¼ã«ãããã¨ã«ãªãã¾ãã"
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msgid ""
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¥ãã¹ãã§ãæ ¼éãããã¨ããã ãã§ãèµ°è
ãç½°ããã¹ããªã®ã§ãã"
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msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
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±å¥¨ããªããã°ãã¿ããªããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãæ¢ãã¦ãã¾ãã®ã§ã¯?ã</"
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msgid ""
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ã¯ã¾ã£ããããã¾ããã"
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msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
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ãããã§ãã"
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ãã人ã¯ãããã®ã§ãã"
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msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
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æ§ã¯æ¥½ãããã®ã§ãããèª"
"身ãå ±é
¬ã§ãã"
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"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -962,7 +1021,7 @@
"åã¡å¾ã¾ããããé«çµ¦ãæ¯æãçµç¹ãç¦æ¢ãããã°ããã£ã¦ãããªãããã§ã¯ããã¾"
"ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -971,7 +1030,7 @@
"人ãå©ãããã¨ãæ¢ãããã¨ãè¦æ±ãããªããããããã¡ã¯å¾ããªããã°ãªãã¾ã"
"ããã</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -980,12 +1039,12 @@
"ã¦ããã¾ãããå¿ããªãããã«:
ãã¨ãä½ç¾ä¸ããããã¨ãé²è¡ããããããè³è³ã«"
"ã¯1ã»ã³ããæããªãã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>ãããã°ã©ãã¯ãªã«ãã§çè¨ãç«ã¦ãå¿
è¦ãããã¾ããã</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -999,7 +1058,7 @@
"ã§ããããçè¨ãç«ã¦ãå¯ä¸ã®æ¹æ³ã
ãããã§ã¯ããã¾ãããæ¢ããã¨æãã°ãã»ã"
"ã®æ¹æ³ãè¦ã¤ãããã¨ã¯å®¹æã§ããããããã¤ãä¾ãããã¦ã¿ã¾ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1007,24 +1066,31 @@
"æ°ããã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ãä½ã製é è
ã¯ãæ°ãããã¼ãã¦ã§ã¢ã«ãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹"
"ãã ã移æ¤ããããã«æ¯æãã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
msgstr
"æå°ãåæ±ããä¿å®ã®ãµã¼ãã¹ãããã°ã©ããéãã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"æ°ããã¢ã¤ãã¢ãæã£ã人ã
ã¯ãããã°ã©ã
ãããªã¼ã¦ã§ã¢<a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>"
"ã¨ãã¦é
å¸ãã¦ãæºè¶³ããã¦ã¼ã¶ã«å¯ä»ããé¡ãããããåæ±ããµã¼ãã¹ã販売ã§ã"
"ãã§ãããããããã¯ããã®æ¹æ³ã§åããã¨ã«ãã§ã«æåãã¦ãã人ã
ã«ä¼ã£ããã¨"
"ãããã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1034,12 +1100,12 @@
"ããã°ã«ã¼ãã¯ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®ä¼ç¤¾ã¨å¥ç´ãã¦ãã°ã«ã¼ãã®ã¡ã³ãã¼ã使ãããã"
"ãã°ã©ã ãæ¸ãã¦ãããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"ãã¹ã¦ã®ç¨®é¡ã®éçºã¯ãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ç¨ãã§è³éæä¾ãåãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ã:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1049,7 +1115,7 @@
"ã°ãªããªãç¶æ³ãèãã¦ã¿ã¾ããããæ¿åºã¯ãããNSFã®ãããªæ©é¢ã«ä¸ããã½ãã"
"ã¦ã§ã¢ã®éçºã«ä½¿ãã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1062,32 +1128,32 @@
"ã¯é¸æããã¾ããããããªãããæã®çµæã使ãããã¨å¸æããããã§ããæ¯æããª"
"ããã°ãªããªãç¨é¡ã«ãããã¾ã§ãå¯ä»ã®æ§é¤ãåãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
msgstr "ç¨çã¯ç´ç¨ããéé¡ã«å¿ãã¦éã¿ä»ããããç´ç¨è
ã®æ票ã§æ±ºãããã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "ãã®çµæ:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr
"ã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã使ãã³ãã¥ããã£ãã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã®éçºããµãã¼ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr
"ãã®ã³ãã¥ããã£ãã©ããã£ãã¬ãã«ã®ãµãã¼ããå¿
è¦ãã決å®ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
msgstr ""
"ã©ã®ããã¸ã§ã¯ããåãåãè²»ããããæ°ã«ããã¦ã¼ã¶ã¯èªåèªèº«ã§é¸æã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1103,7 +1169,7 @@
"ã¨ãã£ããã®ãã®å¾ã«ã¯ã人ã
ã¯ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®ãããªæ¥½ããæ´»åã«å°å¿ããèªç±"
"ãããã§ããããããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã§çè¨ãç«ã¦ãããå¿
è¦ã¯ãªãã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1122,11 +1188,11 @@
"ããã°ãªãã¾ãããçç£æ§ã®æè¡çå©å¾ããããããã¡ã®ããå°ãªãå´åã«å¤æãã"
"ããã«ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "è注"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1154,7 +1220,7 @@
"å½¹ç«ã¦ã°ãããã¯ãããããã¨ã§ããéè¦ãªãã¨ã¯ããã®ã³ãã¼ãæã¤ãã¹ã¦ã®äººã"
"ããã使ç¨ãã¦ã»ãã®äººã
ã¨ååããèªç±ããããã¨ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1167,10 +1233,16 @@
"é¿ãããã奨ãã¾ãããã詳ãã説æã¯ãã<a
href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
"html#GiveAwaySoftware\">ç´ããããè¨èã¨è¨ãæ¹</a>ããã覧ãã
ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1179,11 +1251,11 @@
"ããã¯ããããéãã¦ãGNUã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã®ã³ãã¼ãç¡æã§å
¥æãããã¨ã¯ã§ãã¾ãã"
"ããããããã¯ééã£ãèãã示åãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "ãããã£ãä¼ç¤¾ã¯ããã¤ãä»åå¨ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1195,7 +1267,7 @@
"ãããã«ã<a
href=\"/order/order.html\">FSFã®ãã®ã注æãã</a>ãã¨ãã§ãã¾"
"ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1203,7 +1275,7 @@
"1991å¹´ãããã§ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ä¼ç¤¾ã®ã°ã«ã¼ãããGNU
Cã³ã³ãã¤ã©ã®ä¿å®ãæ¯æ´ãã"
"ããã«ãè³éãéãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1223,10 +1295,21 @@
"ã¤ã¥ããã§ããããã§ãããããããã¯ãã»ã¨ãã©ã®éãããããã°ã©ããèªç±ã½ã"
"ãã¦ã§ã¢ã®ä¸çã§å°ãªã稼ãã¨ã¯ããã¯ãèãã¦ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1244,10 +1327,19 @@
"ãããã¨ã§ãããã®ç¨èªãå¦ä½ã«æ··ä¹±ã¨åè¦ãã²ããããã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/"
"philosophy/not-ipr.html\">ãããªã説æ</a>ãã覧ãã ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1284,26 +1376,30 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"æ£ç¢ºã§è¯ãå質ã®ç¿»è¨³ãæä¾ããããåªåãã¦ãã¾ãããä¸å®å
¨ãªå ´åããããã¨æ"
"ãã¾ãã翻訳ã«é¢ããã³ã¡ã³ãã¨ææ¡ã¯ã<a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
"org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã«ãããããã¾ãã</p><p>ããããã¡"
-"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨æåºã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
+"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨è²¢ç®ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
"README.translations.html\">翻訳 README</a>ãã覧ãã ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1333,13 +1429,12 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æçµæ´æ°:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgid ""
#~ "For up-to-date information about the available GNU software, please see "
Index: po/manifesto.ko.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.ko.po,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/manifesto.ko.po 12 Jul 2019 17:28:53 -0000 1.2
+++ po/manifesto.ko.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.3
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -23,19 +23,20 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU ì ì¸ë¬¸ - GNU íë¡ì í¸ - ìì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ ì¬ë¨"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "GNU ì ì¸ë¬¸"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
-# | href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> [-at the beginning
-# | of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and support.
-# | For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU operating
-# | system. Part of the text was taken from the original announcement of
-# | 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to account for
-# | [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it seems best to
-# | leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-] {+unchanged.+}
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> [-at the
+# | beginning of the GNU Project,-] {+in 1985+} to ask for [-participation and
+# | support. For-] {+support in developing+} the [-first few years,-] {+GNU
+# | operating system. Part of the text was taken from the original
+# | announcement of 1983. Through 1987,+} it was updated in minor ways to
+# | account for [-developments, but now-] {+developments; since then,+} it
+# | seems best to leave it [-unchanged as most people have seen it.-]
+# | {+unchanged.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@
#| "it was updated in minor ways to account for developments, but now it "
#| "seems best to leave it unchanged as most people have seen it."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@
"í´ ë¶ë¶ì ì¸ ê°ì ì´ ì´ë£¨ì´ ì¡ì§ë§, ì´ì ë 문ìê° ë리
ìë ¤ì§ì ë°ë¼ ë§ì ì¬ë"
"ë¤ì´ ìê³ ìë ë´ì© ê·¸ëë¡ë¥¼ ë³´ì¡´íë í¸ì´ ë«ë¤ê³
íë¨íê² ëììµëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@
"ë¤ì 문ì ì ì ìê² ëìê³ , 1993ë
ì 주ìì ì¶ê°íë
ê²ì¼ë¡ í´ììì ëì ë¤ì "
"ëª
ííê² ì 리íìµëë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
# | [-For up-to-date information about-]{+If you want to install+} the
# | [-available GNU software, please see-] {+GNU/Linux system, we recommend
# | you use one of+} the [-information available on our-] <a
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@
"<a href=\"/software/software.html\">ìíí¸ì¨ì´ ëë í 리</a>를
íµí´ì ì°¸ê³ í "
"ì ììµëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -100,17 +101,30 @@
"open-source-misses-the-point.html\">amoral approach</a> to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "GNUë 무ìì¸ê°? Gnuë ì ëì¤ê° ìëë¤!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU(ê·¸ë´)ë `GNUë ì ëì¤ê° ìëë¤'를 ì미íë ìì´
ííì¸ `Gnu is Not "
"Unix'를 구ì±íë ë¨ì´ë¤ì 첫ì를 ë°ì ë§ë ì½ì´ì´ë¤.
GNUë ì ëì¤ì ìë²½íê² "
@@ -119,7 +133,7 @@
"ì£¼ê³ ìì§ë§ ë³´ë¤ ë§ì ìììë¤ì ì§ìê³¼ íë¡ê·¸ë¨ê³¼
ì¥ë¹ ê·¸ë¦¬ê³ ê¸ì ì ì¸ ëì"
"ì´ ì ì¤í íìí ì¤ì ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -148,7 +162,7 @@
"ì¼ë¡ ì°ë¦¬ë ì¼ë°ì ì¸ ì ëì¤ ìì¤í
ì í¬í¨ë 모ë
íë¡ê·¸ë¨ê³¼ ê·¸ ì´ìì ê²ë¤ì "
"ì ê³µíê² ë기를 í¬ë§íë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -170,7 +184,7 @@
"ë¤. ì°ë¦¬ë ëí íµì ì ìí´ UUCPì MIT Chaosnet 그리ê³
ì¸í°ë· íë¡í ì½ë¤ì ì§"
"ìí´ ëê° ê²ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -182,7 +196,7 @@
"ë¤ ìì ì»´í¨í°ìì GNU를 ìëìí¤ê¸° ìí´ìë ë³ëì ë
¸ë
¥ì´ íìíë©° ì´ê²ì ê·¸"
"ë¬í ìì¤í
ìì GNU를 ì¬ì©íê³ ì íë ì¬ëì 몫ì¼ë¡
ë¨ê²¨ì ¸ ìë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -191,11 +205,11 @@
"í¸”(new project)ì í¼ëëì§ ìëë¡, “ê·¸ë´ íë¡ì
í¸”ë¼ê³ ëª
"
"íí ë°ìí´ ì£¼ê¸°ë¥¼ ë¶ííë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ì GNU를 ìì±í´ì¼ë§ íëê°?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -216,12 +230,12 @@
"ë°ì í ì¼ë¤ì ì íí´ ë³´ìì§ë§ ê²°êµ ê·¸ë¤ì ì¹ë¦¬ë¡
ëëê³ ë§ìë¤. ë´ ìì§ì ì"
"ííë ì´ë° ì¼ë¤ì´ ì¼ì´ëë ì°êµ¬ìì ëë ëì´ì
머무를 ìê° ììë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
-# | [-away.-] {+away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>+}
+# | [-away.-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
@@ -233,19 +247,19 @@
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ì ë
ì í¬ê¸°íì§ ìê³ ë ì»´í¨í°ë¥¼ ê³ì ì¬ì©í기 ìí´ì
ëë ì¬ì©ì´ ì íëë ì"
"íí¸ì¨ì´ ìì´ë ìì
ì í´ ëê° ì ìë 충ë¶í ìì
ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì 본체를 ë§ë¤ "
"ê²°ì¬ì íë¤. ëë MITì¸¡ì´ ì´ë í ë²ë¥ ì 근거ì ìí´ìë
GNUì ìì ë¡ì´ ë°°í¬"
"를 ì ì§íì§ ëª»íëë¡ í기 ìí´ì ì¸ê³µì§ë¥ ì°êµ¬ì를
ê·¸ë§ëìë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "GNUê° ì ëì¤ì í¸íëë ì´ì "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -257,11 +271,11 @@
"ì ë©ì¸ ì ìì¼ë¦¬ë¼ê³ ìê°íë¤. ëí ì ëì¤ì í¸íì±ì
ê°ë ìì¤í
ì ì´ë¥¼ ì±"
"íí ë¤ë¥¸ ë§ì ì¬ëë¤ìê²ë í¸ë¦¬í ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "GNUê° ë°°í¬ëë ë°©ì"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -275,11 +289,11 @@
"categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">ë
ì </a>í ì ìë¤ë ê²ì´ë¤.
ëë 모ë "
"ë²ì ì GNUê° ìì ë¡ê² ë¨ì ì기를 ë³´ì¥ë°ê³ ì¶ì ê²ì´ë¤.
"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "ë§ì íë¡ê·¸ë머ë¤ì´ ëì°¸ì ìíë ì´ì "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -287,7 +301,7 @@
"ëë ê·¸ ëì GNUì í¥ë¯¸ë¥¼ ëë¼ê³ ëê³ ì íë ë§ì
íë¡ê·¸ë머ë¤ì ì°¾ì ì ìì"
"ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -311,7 +325,7 @@
"ì ìë¤. ê·¸ë¤ì ëìì ì´ ëì´ íë¡ê·¸ëë°ì ë¨ì§ ëì
ë²ë ìë¨ì´ë¼ê³ ìê°í"
"ê² ëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -327,11 +341,11 @@
"ë¤. ëì ëíí íë¡ê·¸ëë¨¸ë¤ ì¤ ê±°ì ì ë° ì ëë
ì´ê²ì´ ëì¼ë¡ ë°ê¿ ì ìë "
"ì¤ìí íë³µì´ë¼ëë° ê³µê°íë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "ë¹ì ì´ ê³µíí ì ìë ë°©ë²"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -341,7 +355,7 @@
"a>.)"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -349,7 +363,7 @@
"ëë ì»´í¨í° ì ì¡°ì
ììê²ë 기ê³ì ëì, ê°ì¸ìê²ë
íë¡ê·¸ë¨ê³¼ ë
¸ëì ì§ìí´ "
"ì¤ ê²ì ìì²íë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -360,7 +374,7 @@
"í ê²ì´ë¼ë ì ì´ë¤. 기ì¦ë ì»´í¨í°ë ì¦ì ì¬ì©ë ì
ìë ìì íì¼ë¡ì 주거 ì§"
"ììì ì¬ì©ë ì ìë í¹ë³í ëê° ì¥ì¹ë ì ë ¥ì´
íìíì§ ìì ê²ì´ì´ì¼ íë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -388,7 +402,7 @@
"ì 충ë¶í ê°ë¥í ê²ì´ë¤. (커ëì ë§ëë ìì
ìë
ì¸ë°í ëíê° íìí ê²ì´"
"ë©°, ììì í¸í¡ì´ ì ë§ë ì§ë¨ì´ ì ë¹í ê²ì´ë¤.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -404,19 +418,26 @@
"ì´ ìê³ì ëí ë¶ë´ìì ë²ì´ëì ë³´ë¤ ìì ë¡ê² ê·¸ë¤ì
모ë ìëì GNUì ì§ì¤"
"í ì ìëë¡ íë ë°©ë²ì´ë¼ê³ ëë ìê°íê³ ìë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "모ë ì»´í¨í° ì¬ì©ìê° ì´ëì ì»ê² ëë ì´ì "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ì¼ë¨ GNUê° ë§ë¤ì´ì§ë©´, 모ë ì¬ëë¤ì íë¥í ìì¤í
ìíí¸ì¨ì´ë¥¼ 공기ì²ë¼ 무ë£"
"ë¡ ì»ì ì ìê² ë ê²ì´ë¤. <a href=\"#f2\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -427,7 +448,7 @@
"í ë
¸ë ¥ì ì¤ë³µì í¼í ì ìê² ëë¤ë ê²ì ì미íë©°, ì
ì½ë ë
¸ë ¥ì 기ì ìì¤"
"ì í¥ììí¤ëë° ì¬ì©ë ì ìì ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -441,7 +462,7 @@
"ì ì ì¼ë¡ ìì í기 ë문ì ì´ë¥¼ ìì í ì ìë ì ì¼í
ìì¹ì ìë íë¡ê·¸ë머ë "
"íì¬ì ì¢
ìëì§ ììë ëë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -456,7 +477,7 @@
"ì ë¡ ê·¸ë¬í ëªëª íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ì¤ì¹íì§ ëª»íê² í¨ì¼ë¡ì¨
ì´ ì ì±
ì ê³ ìíë¤. ë"
"ë ì´ê²ìì 커ë¤ë ìê°ì ë°ê² ëìë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -464,7 +485,7 @@
"ë§ì§ë§ì¼ë¡, ëê° ìì¤í
ìíí¸ì¨ì´ë¥¼ ìì íê³ ìì¼ë©°
ë구ìê² ì¬ì© ì격ì ë¶"
"ì¬í ê²ì¸ê°ë¥¼ ê²°ì íë ì모ì ì¸ ë¬¸ì ë¤ì´ ì¬ë¼ì§ê² ë
ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -488,7 +509,7 @@
"ë íì ê°ìíê³ ìë¤ë©´ ì´ëí ì³ì§ ìì ì¼ì´ë¤.
ë°ë¼ì ì´ë³´ë¤ë ì¬ëë¤ìê² "
"ì¼ì í ì¸ëì¸ë¥¼ ë¶ê³¼íê³ ë§ì¤í¬ë¥¼ ë²ì´ ëì§ë ê²ì´
íëª
íë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -497,11 +518,11 @@
"ë§í¼ì´ë ìì°ì¤ë½ê³ ìì°ì ì¸ ì¼ì´ë¤. ë°ë¼ì
íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ë§ë
í ìì ë¡ê² ì¬ì©"
"ë ì ìì´ì¼ íë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "ì½ê² ë°ë°ë ì ìë GNUì 목íì ëí ëªê°ì§ ë°ë
ì견"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -510,7 +531,7 @@
"ë£ë¼ë ê²ì ì´ë í ì§ìë 기ëí ì ìë¤ë ê²ì
ì미í기 ë문ì´ë¤.”</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -518,18 +539,27 @@
"<strong>“ì§ì ìë¹ì¤ë¥¼ ì ê³µí기 ìí´ìë íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì
ë¹ì©ì ë¶ê³¼í´ì¼ë§ "
"íë¤.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ë¨ìí GNU를 무ë£ë¡ ì»ë ê²ë³´ë¤ GNUì ì´ì ëí ì§ì
ìë¹ì¤ë¥¼ ì ë£ë¡ í¨ê» 구"
"ì
íë ê²ì ì¬ëë¤ì´ ì í¸íë¤ë©´, GNU를 무ë£ë¡ 구í
ì¬ëë¤ìê² ì§ì ìë¹ì¤ë§"
"ì ì ê³µíë ê²ì¼ë¡ ììµì ì»ë ì
ì²´ë ì겨ë ì ìì
ê²ì´ë¤. <a href=\"#f3\">"
"(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -541,7 +571,7 @@
"ë¤. ë§ì¼ ì¬ë¬ë¶ì 문ì ê° ë¤ë¥¸ ì¬ëìê²ë ë°ìíë
ì¼ë°ì ì¼ë¡ ê²ì´ ìëë¼ë©´, "
"í´ë¹ ì
ì²´ë ê·¸ 문ì 를 ì½ê² í´ê²°í´ ì£¼ë ¤ê³ íì§ ìì
ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -562,7 +592,7 @@
"ëí ìë ìë¤. GNUë ì´ ì¸ê³ì 모ë 문ì 를 í´ê²°íë
ê²ì´ ìëë¼ ë¨ì§ ê·¸ ì¤ "
"ì¼ë¶ë¥¼ í´ê²°í ì ìì ë¿ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -572,7 +602,7 @@
"ë¬í ìë¹ì¤ë ì¬ì©ì ì¤ì¤ë¡ ë¥í ì²ë¦¬í ì ìë ì¢
ë¥ì
ê²ë¤ì´ì§ë§ ì¬ì©ìë¤ì´ "
"ê·¸ ë°©ë²ì 모르기 ë문ì ìë¹ì¤ê° íìí ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -590,7 +620,7 @@
"ì¬ëë¤ì ìë¹ì¤ì ëí ë¹ì©ì ë¤ì´ì§ ìê³ ë
íë¡ê·¸ë¨ë¤ì ì¬ì©í ì ìì ê²ì´"
"ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -599,7 +629,7 @@
"ë¨ì ë리 ì리기 ìí´ìë íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ê´ê³ ë¹ì©ë¥¼
ë¶ê³¼í´ì¼ë§ íë¤.”</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -607,7 +637,7 @@
"<strong>“무ë£ë¡ 구í ì ìë íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ê´ê³ íë
ê²ì 무ì미íë¤."
"”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -624,19 +654,30 @@
"ê³ ì íì 구ì
íë ë±ì ê´ê³ ë¡ë¶í° ì´ìµì ì»ì
ì¬ì©ìê° ê´ê³ ë¹ë¥¼ ë¶ë´í ê²ì´ "
"ëë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"ë°ë©´ì, ë§ì ì¬ëë¤ì´ GNU를 ê·¸ë¤ì ì¹êµ¬ë¡ë¶í° 구íê³
ëí ìì ê°ì íì¬ê° ì±"
"ê³µíì§ ëª»íë¤ë©´ ê·¸ê²ì GNUê° íì°ëëë° ê´ê³ ê° ë°ëì
íìíì§ ìë¤ë ê²ì ì"
"미íë ê²ì´ë¤. ìì ìì¥ ì¹í¸ìë¤ì ì ì´ ë¬¸ì 를 ìì
ìì¥ì´ ê²°ì íëë¡ ëë"
"ì§ ìë ê²ì¼ê¹? <a href=\"#f4\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -644,7 +685,7 @@
"<strong>“ë´ íì¬ë ê²½ì ì°ì를 ì°¨ì§í기 ìí´ì ë
ì
ì´ìì²´ì ê° íìí"
"ë¤.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -662,15 +703,24 @@
"ì¬ì
ì´ ë¤ë¥¸ ê²ì´ë¼ë©´ GNUë ì´ìì²´ì ì 구ì
ì ë°ë¥¸
ë§ëí ë¹ì©ì ì ê°í´ ì¤ ì "
"ìë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ëë ë§ì ì
ì²´ì ì¬ì©ìë¤ì´ GNUì ë°ì ì 기ì¬í´
ëê°ì¼ë¡ì¨ ìë¡ì ë¹ì©ì ì ê°"
"í ì ì기를 í¬ë§íë¤. <a href=\"#f5\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -678,7 +728,7 @@
"<strong>“íë¡ê·¸ë머ë ìì ì ì°½ìë ¥ì ëí ë³´ìì
ë°ì ìê²©ì´ ìì§ ìì"
"ê°?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -692,7 +742,7 @@
"ê°ì 맥ë½ìì ê·¸ê²ì ìì ë¡ê² ì¬ì©íì§ ëª»íê² íë¤ë©´
ê·¸ëë ì²ë²ì ë°ìì¼ í "
"ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -700,7 +750,7 @@
"<strong>“ê·¸ë ë¤ë©´, íë¡ê·¸ë머ë ê·¸ì ì°½ìë ¥ì ëí
ë³´ìì ì구í ì ì"
"ë¨ ë§ì¸ê°?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -710,7 +760,7 @@
"를 ë°ë¼ë ê²ì ì무 문ì ê° ìë¤. ê·¸ë¬ë ì§ê¸ê¹ì§
ìíí¸ì¨ì´ ì°ì
ìì ë³´í¸í"
"ë ìë¨ì ì í´í ë°©ë²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -723,7 +773,7 @@
"ì ì ìë ì¸ê°ì ì¸ íìë¡ìì ì ì²´ì ì¼ë¡ ê°ììí¤ë
ê²ì´ë¤. íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ìì "
"ë¡ì´ ì¬ì©ì ëí ì íì ê²°êµ, ì í´í íê´´ íìë¼ê³ í
ì ìë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -743,11 +793,11 @@
"ìêµ¬ê° ì¼ë°ì ì¼ë¡ ì ì²´ì ì°½ìì±ì´ë í¹ì ê·¸ ì¼ë¶ë¶ì ì
íìí¤ë íì를 ì ë¹í"
"ìí¤ë ê²ì ì³ì§ ìë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“íë¡ê·¸ë머ë ë°¥ì¤ì´ ë기ì§
ììê¹?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -760,7 +810,7 @@
"êµ¶ì£¼ë ¤ì¼ íë ê²ì ìëë¤. ìëíë©´ ì°ë¦¬ë ì¼ë§ë ì§
ë¤ë¥¸ ì¼ì í ì ì기 ë문"
"ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -770,7 +820,7 @@
"ë¼ë ì§ë¬¸ìì 맹목ì ì¸ ê°ì ì ì¸ì íê³ ìë¤ë ì ìì
ì못ë ëµë³ì´ë¼ê³ í ì "
"ìë¤. ìë§ë ì´ë° ìê°ì ê·¹ë¨ì ì¼ ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -779,13 +829,28 @@
"ê°ì ìì¤ì ë³´ìë ìëê² ì§ë§ ì¬ì í íë¡ê·¸ëë°ì¼ë¡
ëì ë² ë°©ë²ë¤ì´ ì기 ë"
"문ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ë³µì 를 ì ííë ê²ì´ ìíí¸ì¨ì´ ì¬ì
ì ì
ì§ë기 ìí ì ì¼í 기ë°"
"ì ìëë¤. ì´ë¬í ë°©ìì´ ë³´í¸íë ê²ì ì´ë ê² í¨ì¼ë¡ì¨
ê°ì¥ ëì ë§ì´ ë² ì "
@@ -794,7 +859,7 @@
"ì ìì ê²ì´ë¤. ì´ë í ë¶ì¼ì ìì´ìë ì¬ì
구조ì
ììµ ëª¨ë¸ì ë§ëë ë°©ë²ì "
"ë¬´ê¶ ë¬´ì§í ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -808,7 +873,7 @@
"ê·¸ë머ìê² ê°ì ë°©ìì´ ì ì©ëë¤ê³ í´ë ì ë¹íì§ ëª»í
ì´ì ê° ìë¤. (ê·¸ë¬ë í"
"ì¤ì ì¼ë¡ ë³¼ ë, íë¡ê·¸ë머ë¤ì ì¬ì í ê·¸ë³´ë¤ ë§ì
ìëì ì¬ë¦¬ê³ ìë¤.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -816,7 +881,7 @@
"<strong>“ì°½ììë ì°½ì물ì ì¬ì©ì íµì í ê¶ë¦¬ë¥¼ ê°ê³
ìì§ ììê°?"
"”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -826,19 +891,32 @@
"ì¶ì íµì íë¤ë ê²ì´ë©°, ì´ê²ì íì¸ì ì¶ì ìì¶ìí¤ê¸°
ìí´ì íí ì¬ì©ëë ê²"
"ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"ë³í¸ì¬ì ê°ì´ ì§ì ìì ê¶ ë¬¸ì 를 ì°êµ¬í´ ì¨ ì¬ëë¤ì
ì§ì ìì 물ìë 본ì§ì ì¸ "
"ê¶ë¦¬ê° ì¡´ì¬í ì ìë¤ê³ 주ì ê¹ê² ë§íë¤. ì ë¶ê° ì¸ì
íë ê°ìì ì§ì ìì ê¶"
"ì í¹ì í 목ì ì ìí´ ë§ë¤ì´ì§ í¹ì ë²ë¥ ì¡°íì¼ë¡ë¶í°
ë°ìí ê²ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -857,7 +935,7 @@
"í´ ì 기 ë문ì ê·¸ë¤ì§ í´ë¡ê² ìì©íì§ ìëë¤. ëí
í¹ííì ì¬ì©íë ëë¶ë¶"
"ì ê°ì¸ì ëí´ìë ë³ë¤ë¥¸ ì íì ëì§ ìëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -875,7 +953,7 @@
"ììì ìíë ì±
ì ì¸ì기를 íµí´ì ê²½ì ì ì¼ë¡
ë§ë¤ì´ì§ ì ì기 ë문ì ì ìê¶"
"ì ê·¸ë¤ì§ í´ë¡ì§ ììë¤. ëí ì±
ì ì½ë ëë¤ìì
ì¬ëë¤ì ì ííì§ë ììë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -888,7 +966,7 @@
"ì°ë¦¬ë “ê·¸ë° íê°ë¥¼ ë´ì£¼ë ê²ì´ ì ë§ ì°ë¦¬ìê² ì
ìµíê°? ê°ì¸ìê² ì´ë¤ "
"ì¢
ë¥ì íì를 íì©íë íê°ë¥¼ ë´ì¤ ê²ì¸ê°?”ë¼ë
ì§ë¬¸ì í´ë³´ìì¼ë§ íë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -906,13 +984,13 @@
"ì ì¼ë¡ë 물ì§ì ì¼ë¡ í´ë¥¼ ë¼ì¹ë ìí©ì ë§ë¤ê³ ìì¼ë©°
ë²ì íì© ì¬ë¶ì ê´ê³ì"
"ì´ ì¬ì©ìë¤ì ì´ì©ì ì ííê³ ìë ê²ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“ê²½ìì íµí´ì ë³´ë¤ ëì 결과를 ì»ì ì
ìë¤.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -929,7 +1007,7 @@
"ì°©íë¤ë©´ ê·¸ë¤ì ë¤ë¥¸ 주ì를 공격íë¤ë ì§ íë ìë¤ë¥¸ ì
ëµì ì°¾ê²ë ê²ì´ë¤. 주"
"ìë¤ì´ 먼ì ì¸ì°ê¸°ë¶í° íë¤ë©´ ê·¸ë¤ì ê²°êµ ëª¨ë ë¦ì´ì§
ìë°ì ìë ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -943,7 +1021,7 @@
"ì ìë¤.”ë ì ëì ê·ì ì ì ì©í ë¿ì´ë¤. 공격íë
¤ë ìëë§ í´ë ì´ë¥¼ ì "
"ì§íê³ ë²ì¹ì 주ì´ì¼ íëë°ë ë§ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -951,7 +1029,7 @@
"<strong>“ê¸ì ì ì¸ í¹íê° ìë¤ë©´ ì무ë íë¡ê·¸ëë°ì
íì§ ìì ê²ì´ë¤."
"”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -963,7 +1041,7 @@
"ë¥ìí ì¬ëì¼ìë¡ ëì± ê·¸ë ë¤. ìê³ë¥¼ ì ì§í í¬ë§ì´
ë³´ì´ì§ ìëë¼ë 꾸ì¤í í"
"ëì ê³ìíë ì§ì
ìì
ì¸ë¤ì´ ë§ì´ ìë¯ì´ ë§ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -976,7 +1054,7 @@
"ê¸ì ì ì¸ ë³´ìì´ ì¤ì´ë¤ëë¼ë íë¡ê·¸ëë°ì ê³ìí
ì¬ëì´ ììê¹?”ì¼ ê²ì´"
"ë¤. ë´ ê²½íì ë¹ì¶ì´ ë³´ë©´ ê·¸ë ê² í ê²ì´ë¼ê³ ìê°íë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -988,7 +1066,7 @@
"ë¤. ê·¸ë¤ì ì¬íì ì¡´ê²½ì´ë ëª
ì±ê³¼ ê°ì ë¤ìí ì¢
ë¥ì
ë¹ê¸ì ì ì¸ ë³´ìì ë°ì"
"ë¤. ê·¸ë¦¬ê³ ì°½ì¡°ì ìì
ì ì´ë¯¸ ê·¸ ìì²´ê° ìì ìê²
í¥ë¯¸ì ë³´ìì 주ë ê²ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -996,7 +1074,7 @@
"ê·¸ë¬ë ìê°ì´ í르ì ì´ì ì ìì
ì²ë¼ ê·¸ë¤ì´ í¥ë¯¸ë¡ê²
ìê°íë ì¼ì ëì ë³´ì"
"를 ë°ì¼ë©° í ì ìë 기íê° ì£¼ì´ì§ì ê·¸ë¤ ì¤ ëë¶ë¶ì
ì°êµ¬ì를 ë ëê°ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1010,7 +1088,7 @@
"ì ì¡°ì§ì ëì ë³´ì를 ë°ë ì¡°ì§ê³¼ì ê²½ììì ë¤ì³ì§ê²
ì§ë§, ë§ì½ ëì ë³´ì를 "
"ë°ë ì¡°ì§ì´ íì©ëì§ ìëë¤ë©´ íë¥íê² íëí ì ìì
ê²ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1018,7 +1096,7 @@
"<strong>“ì°ë¦¬ë íë¡ê·¸ëë¨¸ê° ì ëì ì¼ë¡ íìíë¤.
ë§ì½ ê·¸ë¤ì´ ì°ë¦¬ìê² "
"ì´ìì ëì§ ë§ë¼ê³ íë©´ ì°ë¦¬ë ë°ë¥¼ ìë°ì
ìë¤.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1026,14 +1104,14 @@
"ì¬ë¬ë¶ì ê²°ì½ ê·¸ë° ì¢
ë¥ì ì구ì êµ´ë³µí´ì¼ í ë§í¼ ì
ë°íì§ ìë¤. ì³ì 길ì ê°"
"기 ìí´ìë ê²°ì½ ííí´ìë ìëë¤ë ì¬ì¤ì ëª
ì¬íë¼."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“íë¡ê·¸ë머ë¤ë ì´ë¤ ìì¼ë¡ë ê·¸ë¤ì ìê³ë¥¼
ê¾¸ë ¤ ëê°ì¼ íì§ ì"
"ìê°?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1047,7 +1125,7 @@
"ì§ ê²°ì½ ì´ê²ì´ ìê³ë¥¼ ì ì§í ì ìë ì ì¼í ë°©ë²ì´ê¸°
ë문ì ìëë¤. ë¤ë¥¸ ë°©ë²"
"ì ì°¾ê³ ì íë¤ë©´ ì¼ë§ë ì§ ê°ë¥í ê²ì´ë¤. ì¬ê¸° ì¬ë¬
ê°ì§ ìë¤ì´ ìë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1055,7 +1133,7 @@
"ìë¡ì´ ì»´í¨í°ë¥¼ ë´ëë ì ì¡°ì
ìë ì 기ê³ì ì´ìì²´ì
를 ì´ìí기 ìí ë¹ì©ì "
"ì§ë¶í ê²ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1063,17 +1141,29 @@
"êµì¡ì´ë ë¨ì ê´ë¦¬ ìì
, ì ì§ ë³´ì ìë¹ì¤ë¥¼ ì ê³µíë
íì¬ììë ìì íë¡ê·¸ë"
"머를 ê³ ì©í ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"í리ì¨ì´ë¼ë ì´ë¦ì¼ë¡ íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì ë°°í¬í ë¤ì ì¬ì©ìê°
ì íì ë§ì¡±íë¤ë©´ ì´ì "
"ëí 기ë¶ê¸ì ìì²íê±°ë ì§ì ìë¹ì¤ë¥¼ í매íë
ë°©ìì ìë¡ì´ ìì´ëì´ë¥¼ ê°"
"ê³ ìë ì¬ëë¤ë ìë¤. ëë ì´ë¯¸ ì´ë¬í ë°©ë²ì¼ë¡
ì±ê³µí ì¬ëë¤ì ìê³ ìë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1083,13 +1173,13 @@
"ì´ë¤. ì¬ì©ì 모ìì íë¡ê·¸ëë° íì¬ì ê³ì½ì 맺ê³
íìë¤ì´ ìíë íë¡ê·¸ë¨ì "
"주문 ì ìí ì ìì ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"모ë ì¢
ë¥ì ê°ë°ì íìí 기ê¸ì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì ëí
ë¤ìê³¼ ê°ì ì¸ê¸ì¼ë¡ ì¡°ì±"
"ë ì ìë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1099,7 +1189,7 @@
"ê³¼íì¬ë¨ ê°ì 기ê´ì¼ë¡ ììíì¬ ìíí¸ì¨ì´ ê°ë°ì
ìí´ì ì¬ì©ëëë¡ í ì ì"
"ì ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1112,7 +1202,7 @@
"ë ì ìë¤. 기ë¶ìë¤ì ëëë¡ ê·¸ 결과물ì ìì ì´ ì¸ ì
ìì ê²ì´ë¼ë 기ë를 "
"ê°ê³ 기ë¶í íë¡ì í¸ë¥¼ ì íí ì ìì ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1120,19 +1210,19 @@
"ì ì²´ì ì¸ ì¸ì¨ì ë©ì¸ìë¤ì í¬í를 íµí´ ê²°ì í ì
ìì¼ë©° 구ì
ì¡ì ë°ë¥¸ ëì§ì¨"
"ì ì ì©í ìë ìì ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "ì´ë¬í ê²°ê³¼ë ë¤ìê³¼ ê°ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "ì»´í¨í° ì¬ì©ì ê³µëì²´ë ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì ê°ë°ì
ì§ìíë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "ì´ë ì ëì ì§ìì´ íìíê°ë ì´ ê³µëì²´ê° ê²°ì
íë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1140,7 +1230,7 @@
"ìì ì ëì´ ì´ë¤ íë¡ì í¸ì ì§ìëëê°ì ê´ì¬ì´ ìë
ê°ì¸ì ì´ë¥¼ ì§ì ê²°ì í "
"ì ìë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1157,7 +1247,7 @@
"를 ê°ê² ë ê²ì´ë¤. ëì´ì íë¡ê·¸ëë°ì ìê³ì ìë¨ì¼ë¡
ì¼ì íìê° ìê² ë ê²"
"ì´ë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1176,11 +1266,11 @@
"í ê·¸ë ê² í´ì¼ë§ ìíí¸ì¨ì´ ìì°ì ëí 기ì ì
ì±ê³¼ë¤ì´ ì°ë¦¬ë¤ ìì ì ë
¸ëë"
"ì ê°ììí¤ëë¡ í ì ìì ê²ì´ë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "ê°ì£¼"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1209,7 +1299,7 @@
"ì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì íµì¬ì ìíí¸ì¨ì´ì ìì ë¡ì´ ì´ì©ì
íµí´ì ì¬ì©ì ìí¸ê°ì í"
"ë ¥ì ìì 를 ë³´ì¥ë°ëë¤ë ë° ìë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1218,10 +1308,21 @@
"\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1230,11 +1331,11 @@
"ìë ëë¤ë ë»ì¼ë¡ ì¬ì©ë ê²ì´ë¤. ì¦, GNU ìíí¸ì¨ì´ë
ì¹êµ¬ë ë¤í¸ìí¬ë¥¼ íµí´"
"ì 무ë£ë¡ ì»ì ì ìë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "ì´ë¬í ì¢
ë¥ì ëªëª íì¬ë¤ì´ ì´ë¯¸ ì¡´ì¬íê³ ìë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1250,7 +1351,7 @@
"í ë°©ìì¼ë¡ ì°ë¦¬ë¥¼ ì§ìí´ ì£¼ê¸°ë¥¼ ìì²íë¤. ì¬ë¬ë¶ì´ í
ì ìë ë°©ë²ì¼ë¡ ì´ë¯¸ "
"ì°¸ì¬íê³ ìëê°?"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1258,7 +1359,7 @@
"ìµê·¼ ë¤ì´ ì»´í¨í° íì¬ë¤ì 모ì ì¤ íëë GNU C
ì»´íì¼ë¬ì ê°ë°ì ì§ìí기 ì"
"í 기ê¸ì ì¡°ì±íë¤. "
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1270,10 +1371,10 @@
"less in a free software world."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1283,10 +1384,10 @@
"spreads confusion and bias."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1334,6 +1435,7 @@
"ììµëë¤. ëì´ì§ ë§í¬ë ë¤ë¥¸ ìì ì¬í ëë ì ìì <a
href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a> ìì¼ë¡ ë³´ë´
주ì¸ì."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1341,29 +1443,35 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ì´ ê¸ì ë¤ë¥¸ ì¸ì´ ë²ì문 ìì±ì´ë ì ì¶ì ëí ì ë³´ë <a
href=\"/server/"
"standards/README.translations.html\">ë²ì ìë´</a>를 ì°¸ê³ í´
주ì¸ì."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, [-2010-]
-# | {+2010, 2014, 2015+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | [-2010-] {+2010, 2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free "
#| "Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 1985, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
Index: po/manifesto.nl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.nl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.13
retrieving revision 1.14
diff -u -b -r1.13 -r1.14
--- po/manifesto.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.13
+++ po/manifesto.nl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:53 -0000 1.14
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Tom Uijldert <Tom.Uijldert@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Dutch\n"
@@ -16,19 +16,34 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.8.7.1\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Het GNU-manifest - GNU-project - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "Het GNU-manifest"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -41,7 +56,7 @@
"kleine wijzigingen doorgemaakt om het relevant te houden; sindsdien lijkt "
"het het beste om het daarbij te houden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -51,7 +66,7 @@
"veroorzaakt door onduidelijke bewoordingen. Na 1993 zijn daarom voetnoten "
"toegevoegd op plaatsen waar dat nodig was."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -63,7 +78,7 @@
"a> aan. Mocht je willen helpen, kijk dan op <a href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -81,17 +96,30 @@
"source-misses-the-point.html\">amorele benadering</a> te promoten over "
"hetzelfde onderwerp."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Wat is GNU? Gnu is niet Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, een afkorting van <em>Gnu's Not Unix</em>, is de naam van het complete "
"softwaresysteem dat ik aan het schrijven ben dat uitwisselbaar is met Unix, "
@@ -99,7 +127,7 @@
"\"#f1\">(1)</a> Meerdere vrijwilligers helpen mee. Er is behoefte aan "
"bijdragen in de vorm van tijd, geld, programma's en apparatuur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -130,7 +158,7 @@
"documentatie. We hopen uiteindelijk alles wat een Unix-systeem bruikbaar "
"maakt aan te kunnen bieden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -154,7 +182,7 @@
"proberen om UUCP, MIT Chaosnet en de Internet-protocollen voor communicatie "
"te ondersteunen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -166,7 +194,7 @@
"inspanning die nodig is om het op eenvoudiger computers te laten werken zal "
"worden overgelaten aan degenen die GNU op dit soort machines wil draaien."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -174,11 +202,11 @@
"Om spraakverwarring te voorkomen: De <em>g</em> in ‘GNU’ dient "
"uitgesproken te worden."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Waarom ik GNU moet schrijven"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -201,13 +229,26 @@
"te gaan, maar uiteindelijk gingen ze te ver: ik kon niet in een instelling "
"aanblijven waar zulke dingen tegen mijn wil gedaan werden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Omdat ik in staat wil zijn om op mijn manier met computers om te kunnen "
"blijven gaan, heb ik besloten om voldoende vrije software te vergaren, zodat "
@@ -215,11 +256,11 @@
"het KI lab om te zorgen dat het MIT niet op wettelijke gronden kan voorkomen "
"dat ik GNU weggeef.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Waarom GNU uitwisselbaar zal zijn met Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -232,11 +273,11 @@
"systeem dat uitwisselbaar is met Unix is natuurlijk veel makkelijker om op "
"over te stappen voor de vele Unix-gebruikers."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Hoe GNU gepubliceerd zal worden"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -250,11 +291,11 @@
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">private</a> wijzigingen niet zijn toegestaan. Ik "
"wil de vrijheid van alle GNU-versies veilig stellen."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Waarom veel programmeurs mee willen helpen"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -262,7 +303,7 @@
"Ik heb vele andere programmeurs gevonden die enthousiast zijn over GNU, en "
"graag mee willen helpen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -285,7 +326,7 @@
"zich daarbij niet op hun gemak. De cynici gaan geloven dat programmeren "
"enkel broodwinning is."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -301,11 +342,11 @@
"bij het gebruik van niet-vrije software. Ongeveer de helft van alle "
"programmeurs waar ik mee praat vindt dit belangrijker dan geld."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Hoe jij kunt helpen"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -321,7 +362,7 @@
"mogelijkheden, zie de gids: <a href=\"/help/help.html\">helpen met het GNU-"
"besturingssysteem</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -329,7 +370,7 @@
"Ik vraag computerfabrikanten om bijdragen in de vorm van computers en geld. "
"Ik vraag individuen om bijdragen in de vorm van programma's en werk."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -341,7 +382,7 @@
"geschikt voor gebruik in woonwijken, en ze moeten geen ingewikkelde koeling- "
"of energievoorziening eisen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -369,7 +410,7 @@
"natuurlijk een hechtere samenwerking eisen, en er zal door een kleine, "
"hechte groep aan gewerkt worden.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -385,19 +426,26 @@
"toegewijde mensen in staat te stellen al hun aandacht op GNU te richten, "
"zonder dat ze zich over geld zorgen hoeven te maken."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Waarom dit voordeel oplevert voor alle computergebruikers"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Zodra GNU klaar is zal goede systeemsoftware net zo verkrijgbaar zijn als "
"lucht.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -408,7 +456,7 @@
"vermeden zal worden. Deze besparing zal ten goede komen van de "
"technologische vooruitgang."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -424,7 +472,7 @@
"alleenrecht op de broncode heeft en als enige het recht en de mogelijkheden "
"om veranderingen aan te brengen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -440,7 +488,7 @@
"aan de regel door bepaalde programma's niet toe te staan. Dit was een bron "
"van inspiratie voor mij."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -449,7 +497,7 @@
"systeemsoftware bezit, en wat toegestaan is om te veranderen zullen niet "
"meer bestaan."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -474,7 +522,7 @@
"stiekem afneemt. Dan kun je beter de kosten van de luchtfabriek hoofdelijk "
"omslaan en je al die moeite besparen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -482,13 +530,13 @@
"Het overnemen van een programma, of delen daarvan, is iets dat voor een "
"programmeur zo nuttig en natuurlijk is als ademen. Het hoort vrij te zijn."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr ""
"Een paar bezwaren tegen de doelstellingen van GNU die makkelijk te "
"weerleggen zijn"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -496,7 +544,7 @@
"<strong>“Als het gratis is zal niemand het gebruiken, omdat ze geen "
"ondersteuning krijgen.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -504,18 +552,27 @@
"<strong>“Je moet geld voor de programma's vragen om de technische "
"ondersteuning te kunnen betalen.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Als mensen liever geld zouden betalen voor GNU mét service dan GNU "
"gratis krijgen zonder service, lijkt het mij dat een bedrijf dat alleen "
"service voor GNU programma's biedt toch met winst moet kunnen draaien.<a "
"href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -528,7 +585,7 @@
"een specifiek probleem, dat zal de softwareverkoper zich niets van jouw "
"klacht aantrekken."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -547,7 +604,7 @@
"Met GNU zal dit eenvoudig zijn. Het kan zijn dat er geen competente krachten "
"beschikbaar zijn, maar dit is niet aan GNU te wijten."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -557,7 +614,7 @@
"nodig. Dingen die ze makkelijk zelf kunnen doen moeten voor hun gedaan "
"worden omdat ze niet weten hoe het moet."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -575,7 +632,7 @@
"prijs, omdat gebruikers niet aan hen gebonden zijn. En gebruikers die dit "
"soort diensten niet nodig hebben hoeven er ook niet voor te betalen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -584,7 +641,7 @@
"reklame, en dus moet je geld voor je programma's vragen om dit te kunnen "
"betalen”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -592,7 +649,7 @@
"<strong>“Het heeft geen zin om reclame te maken voor een programma wat "
"toch gratis is.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -609,19 +666,30 @@
"advertenties te kunnen betalen. Op deze manier betalen alleen de gebruikers "
"die baat hebben gehad bij die advertenties."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"In het andere geval, als veel mensen GNU van vrienden krijgen, en zulke "
"bedrijven niet succesvol zijn, zal dit bewijzen dat GNU geen reclame nodig "
"had. Waarom zijn voorstanders van de vrije markt niet bereid de vrije markt "
"dit te laten beslissen?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -629,7 +697,7 @@
"<strong>“Mijn bedrijf heeft een commercieel besturingssysteem nodig om "
"een voorsprong op de concurrentie te krijgen.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -646,16 +714,25 @@
"jouw bedrijf iets anders verkoopt kan GNU voorkomen dat je de dure "
"besturingssystemenbranche wordt ingeduwd."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ik zou graag zien dat de ontwikkeling van GNU ondersteund wordt door "
"donaties van fabrikanten en gebruikers, zodat de kosten voor ons allemaal "
"gedrukt worden.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -663,7 +740,7 @@
"<strong>“Verdienen programmeurs geen beloning voor hun creativiteit?"
"”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -677,7 +754,7 @@
"scheppen van innovatieve programma's, dienen ze volgens dezelfde logica "
"gestraft te worden als ze het gebruik van die programma's beperken."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -685,7 +762,7 @@
"<strong>“Mag een programmeur niet om een beloning voor zijn "
"creativiteit vragen?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -696,7 +773,7 @@
"middelen niet destructief zijn. Maar de middelen die op dit moment gangbaar "
"zijn in de softwarebranche zijn dat wél."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -711,7 +788,7 @@
"halen. Waar moedwillig voor beperkingen wordt gekozen, is vernietiging een "
"van de vervelende gevolgen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -730,12 +807,12 @@
"beloond te worden voor creativiteit is geen geldige reden om de wereld "
"toegang tot creativiteit te ontzeggen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“Zullen programmeurs nog wel geld verdienen?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -747,7 +824,7 @@
"op straat gekke gezichten te trekken. Maar dit betekent niet dat we hiertoe "
"gedwongen zijn, er is een keuze."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -757,7 +834,7 @@
"vraag zit voor waar aanneemt; Dat zonder private software programmeurs niet "
"betaald kunnen worden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -766,13 +843,28 @@
"steeds mogelijk zal zijn om voor programmeren betaald te krijgen, zij het "
"niet zoveel als nu."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Het beperken van de mate waarin software verspreid mag worden is niet de "
"enige manier waarop handel kan worden gedreven in de softwarebranche. Het is "
@@ -781,7 +873,7 @@
"zouden softwarebedrijven andere manieren zoeken om geld te verdienen. En die "
"zijn er altijd."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -796,7 +888,7 @@
"dit evenmin onrechtvaardig zijn. (In de praktijk zullen programmeurs echter "
"meer verdienen dan dit salaris)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -804,7 +896,7 @@
"<strong>“Hebben mensen niet het recht om zelf te bepalen hoe hun "
"creativiteit gebruikt wordt?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -814,13 +906,26 @@
"recht om het leven van anderen te manipuleren, en meestal wordt dit recht "
"niet ten goede gebruikt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Mensen die het principe van intellectueel eigendom goed hebben bestudeerd<a "
"href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> (zoals advocaten) zeggen dat er geen intrinsiek recht "
@@ -828,7 +933,7 @@
"de (Amerikaanse) overheid bestaan bij gratie van specifieke wetten "
"gecreëerd voor specifieke doeleinden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -848,7 +953,7 @@
"kosten van het opzetten van het fabricageproces, zijn patenten niet "
"schadelijk voor mensen die een gepatenteerd product gebruiken."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -867,7 +972,7 @@
"werd, toen boeken alleen goedkoop konden worden gekopieerd op een drukpers, "
"deed het geen kwaad, omdat het de lezers niet hinderde."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -881,7 +986,7 @@
"situatie opnieuw een afweging gemaakt te worden. Hebben we er echt voordeel "
"van? Wat voor rechten geven we de persoon in kwestie eigenlijk."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -902,14 +1007,14 @@
"Iemand in de positie om dit recht uit te oefenen zou dit niet moeten doen, "
"ook al stelt de wet hem daartoe in staat."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“De concurrentie zorgt voor een hogere kwaliteit.”</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -928,7 +1033,7 @@
"deelnemers. En als een vechtpartij ontstaat, komen ze allemaal te laat bij "
"de eindstreep."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -943,7 +1048,7 @@
"uit elkaar moeten halen, en straffen uitdelen als ze zelfs maar "
"<em>proberen</em> te vechten."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -951,7 +1056,7 @@
"<strong>“Zal niet iedereen stoppen met programmeren, als ze geen geld "
"krijgen?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -963,7 +1068,7 @@
"is geen gebrek aan goede muzikanten die blijven musiceren, hoewel ze weinig "
"hoop hebben er ooit hun brood mee te kunnen verdienen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -975,7 +1080,7 @@
"programmeren voor een lager salaris? Gebaseerd op eigen ervaring kan ik "
"zeggen: ja."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -988,7 +1093,7 @@
"vorm: beroemdheid en waardering, bijvoorbeeld. En de mogelijkheid om hun "
"creativiteit bot te vieren, hetgeen een beloning op zich is."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -996,7 +1101,7 @@
"Ze verlieten het lab pas toen ze de kans kregen om hetzelfde werk te doen "
"voor meer geld."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1010,7 +1115,7 @@
"organisaties doen het slecht in vergelijking met goed betalende, maar dit "
"gaat niet meer op als er geen goed betalende meer zijn."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1018,7 +1123,7 @@
"<strong>“We hebben programmeurs hard nodig. Als zij eisen dat we onze "
"buren niet langer helpen, hebben we maar te gehoorzamen.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1026,14 +1131,14 @@
"Hoe hard we de programmeurs ook nodig hebben, aan dit soort eisen hoeft "
"niemand te voldoen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“Programmeurs moeten toch op de een of andere manier hun geld "
"verdienen.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1048,7 +1153,7 @@
"<em>enige</em> winstgevende manier is. Het is makkelijk om andere manieren "
"te bedenken, als je je er even toe zet. Een paar voorbeelden:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1057,7 +1162,7 @@
"het vertalen van systeembesturingssoftware zodat deze ook op het nieuwe "
"model werkt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1065,18 +1170,30 @@
"Het verkopen van onderwijs, begeleiding en onderhoudsdiensten kan ook "
"werkgelegenheid bieden voor programmeurs."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Mensen die nieuwe ideeën hebben kunnen hun programma's verspreiden als "
"<em>freeware</em><a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>, en tevreden gebruikers om donaties "
"vragen, of ondersteuning verkopen. Ik heb mensen ontmoet die op deze manier "
"met succes hun brood verdienden."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1087,13 +1204,13 @@
"dienst kunnen nemen om programma's te schrijven die de leden van de groep "
"nodig hebben."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Allerlei soorten ontwikkeling kunnen worden betaald met een belasting op "
"software:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1103,7 +1220,7 @@
"softwarebelasting. De overheid geeft dit aan een stichting die dit uitgeeft "
"aan de ontwikkeling van software."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1118,7 +1235,7 @@
"te gebruiken. Hij kan dit bedrag terugvragen tot aan het maximale bedrag "
"dat hij aan softwarebelasting heeft betaald."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1127,21 +1244,21 @@
"laten stemmen, waarbij een stem zwaarder gewogen wordt naarmate de stemmer "
"meer belasting betaald."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "De gevolgen:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr ""
"Degenen die computers gebruiken zijn degenen die de ontwikkeling van "
"software betalen."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Deze gemeenschap bepaalt hoeveel er betaalt dient te worden."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1149,7 +1266,7 @@
"Degenen die zelf willen bepalen aan wie ze hun geld geven hebben daartoe de "
"mogelijkheid."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1167,7 +1284,7 @@
"robotreparatie en komeetverkennen. Er zal geen noodzaak zijn om met "
"programmeren je brood te verdienen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1187,11 +1304,11 @@
"ontwikkeling van software. We moeten dit doen, zodat de technologische "
"vooruitgang er voor kan zorgen dat wij minder hoeven te werken."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Voetnoten"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1221,7 +1338,7 @@
"van de software, is dat nog beter. Het belangrijkste is dat iedereen die "
"een exemplaar heeft de vrijheid heeft om het samen met anderen te gebruiken."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1235,10 +1352,21 @@
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\">de pagina over "
"verwarrende woorden en teksten</a> voor verdere uitleg."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1247,11 +1375,11 @@
"gratis exemplaren van GNU software te krijgen, bijvoorbeeld van vrienden, of "
"via het internet."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Er bestaan nu al een aantal van dit soort bedrijven."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1262,7 +1390,7 @@
"van software, hoewel het een stichting is, en geen bedrijf. Je kunt <a href="
"\"/order/order.html\">dingen bestellen bij de FSF</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1270,7 +1398,7 @@
"Een groep computerbedrijven is recent samen gaan werken om de ondersteuning "
"van de GNU C Compiler te betalen."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1290,10 +1418,31 @@
"dus niet meer dat de meeste programmeurs in een wereld met vrije software "
"minder zullen verdienen dan in de huidige situatie."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1312,10 +1461,26 @@
"html\">een verdere uitleg</a> over hoe de term verwarring en vooroordeel "
"zaait."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1354,14 +1519,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"We doen ons best om goede vertalingen te maken maar staan altijd open voor "
@@ -1371,9 +1542,15 @@
"voor informatie over het onderhoud van vertalingen op deze website."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014, 2015-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1405,13 +1582,24 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Bijgewerkt:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "We doen ons best om goede vertalingen te maken maar staan altijd open "
+#~ "voor verbeteringen. Suggesties, op- en aanmerkingen sturen aan: <a href="
+#~ "\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</"
+#~ "p> <p>Zie <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\"> "
+#~ "Translations README</a> voor informatie over het onderhoud van "
+#~ "vertalingen op deze website."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#, fuzzy
#~ msgid ""
Index: po/manifesto.pl.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.pl.po,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- po/manifesto.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.25
+++ po/manifesto.pl.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.26
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-08-31 08:42-0600\n"
"Last-Translator: Jan Owoc <jsowoc AT gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Polish <www-pl-trans@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 "
"|| n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Virtaal 0.7.1\n"
@@ -26,13 +27,27 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Manifest GNU - Projekt GNU - Fundacja Wolnego Oprogramowania (FSF)"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "Manifest GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -45,7 +60,7 @@
"z rozwojem projektu, lecz teraz najlepszym wyjÅciem jest "
"przekazywanie go w stanie niezmiennym."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -55,7 +70,7 @@
"których można uniknÄ
Ä używajÄ
c innego sÅownictwa. Przypisy dodane
w "
"roku 1993 powinny rozjaÅniÄ te kwestie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -67,7 +82,7 @@
"wolne oprogramowanie</a>. Aby dowiedzieÄ siÄ jak pomóc, odwiedźcie
<a "
"href=\"/help/help.html\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -84,17 +99,30 @@
"aby promowaÄ podejÅcie <a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-"
"point.html\">bez moraÅów</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Czym jest GNU? GNU to Nie Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, czyli GNU to Nie Unix (ang. GNU's Not Unix), jest nazwÄ
"
"kompletnego, kompatybilnego z Uniksem systemu, który piszÄ, aby "
@@ -102,7 +130,7 @@
"</a> Pomaga mi również kilku wolontariuszy. Potrzebna jest nam pomoc
w "
"postaci poÅwiÄconego czasu, pieniÄdzy, programów oraz sprzÄtu."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -132,7 +160,7 @@
"z dokumentacjÄ
online. Mamy nadziejÄ dostarczyÄ wszystkie narzÄdzia "
"zazwyczaj doÅÄ
czane do systemów Uniksowych, a nawet wiÄcej."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -155,7 +183,7 @@
"programowania systemu. BÄdziemy siÄ staraÄ wspieraÄ UUCP, MIT Chaosnet "
"i inne Internetowe protokoÅy komunikacyjne."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -167,7 +195,7 @@
"do popisu dla tych, którzy chcieliby go uruchomiÄ i używaÄ
na "
"sÅabszych komputerach."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -177,11 +205,11 @@
"projektu [standardowo w angielskim „g” w wyrazie "
"„gnu” nie jest artykuÅowane]."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Dlaczego muszÄ napisaÄ GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -206,13 +234,26 @@
"pozostaÄ w instytucji, w której robi mi siÄ takie rzeczy wbrew "
"mojej woli."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Aby nadal używaÄ komputerów z honorem, zdecydowaÅem siÄ
zebraÄ "
"razem wystarczajÄ
cÄ
iloÅÄ wolnego oprogramowania, żeby obejÅÄ siÄ
bez "
@@ -220,11 +261,11 @@
"wszelkie prawne preteksty do powstrzymania mnie przed rozdawaniem GNU."
"<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Dlaczego GNU bÄdzie zgodne z Uniksem"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -237,11 +278,11 @@
"kompatybilny z Uniksem byÅby dla wielu ludzi znacznie Åatwiejszy "
"do przyswojenia."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "W jaki sposób GNU bÄdzie rozpowszechniane"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -255,11 +296,11 @@
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">wÅasnoÅciowe</a> modyfikacje nie bÄdÄ
dozwolone. "
"ChcÄ byÄ pewien, że wszystkie wersje GNU pozostanÄ
wolne."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Dlaczego wielu innych programistów chce pomóc"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -267,7 +308,7 @@
"ZnalazÅem wielu innych programistów, którzy sÄ
zachwyceni GNU i chcÄ
"
"pomóc."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -292,7 +333,7 @@
"usatysfakcjonowani żadnÄ
z tych alternatyw. StajÄ
siÄ cyniczni
i "
"myÅlÄ
, że programowanie to tylko sposób zarabiania pieniÄdzy."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -310,11 +351,11 @@
"OkoÅo poÅowa z programistów, z którymi rozmawiam, uważa,
że "
"jest to ważne poczucie, którego pieniÄ
dze nie sÄ
w stanie zastÄ
piÄ. "
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Jak możecie pomóc"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -330,7 +371,7 @@
"dla paczek oprogramowania GNU. Inne sposoby pomocy sÄ
opisane w <a
href="
"\"/help/help.html\">przewodniku pomocy systemowi GNU</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -338,7 +379,7 @@
"ProszÄ producentów komputerów o darowizny w postaci sprzÄtu
i "
"pieniÄdzy. ProszÄ osoby prywatne o programy i wkÅad pracy."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -351,7 +392,7 @@
"terenach mieszkalnych i mogÄ
cych siÄ obyÄ bez skomplikowanego "
"chÅodzenia lub źródeÅ energii."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -383,7 +424,7 @@
"wymagaÅa ÅciÅlejszego kontaktu i bÄdzie przeprowadzona przez maÅÄ
,
"
"zwartÄ
grupÄ.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -400,19 +441,26 @@
"swojego potencjaÅu na prace nad GNU poprzez oszczÄdzenie im "
"koniecznoÅci zarabiania na życie w inny sposób."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Dlaczego wszyscy użytkownicy komputerów na tym zyskajÄ
"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Gdy GNU już zostanie napisane, wszyscy bÄdÄ
mogli zyskaÄ dobry system "
"bez żadnych ograniczeÅ, niczym powietrze.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -424,7 +472,7 @@
"i wysiÅek bÄdzie można zamiast tego przeznaczyÄ na postÄp
w "
"dziedzinie programowania."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -439,7 +487,7 @@
"lub firmy posiadajÄ
cych na wÅasnoÅÄ kod źródÅowy
i bÄdÄ
cych "
"jedynymi uprawnionymi do wprowadzania zmian."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -455,7 +503,7 @@
"dostÄpne i staÅo na jej straży rzeczywiÅcie zabraniajÄ
c "
"instalowania niektórych programów. Bardzo mnie ten fakt zainspirowaÅ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -464,7 +512,7 @@
"oprogramowania systemowego oraz co można a czego nie można
z "
"nim robiÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -491,7 +539,7 @@
"nie zdejmuje maski, które sÄ
nie do pomyÅlenia. Lepiej już
utrzymywaÄ "
"fabrykÄ powietrza z pogÅównego a maski wywaliÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -500,11 +548,11 @@
"samo naturalne, jak oddychanie, i równie efektywne. Powinno byÄ
równie "
"swobodne."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Kilka Åatwych do odparcia zarzutów wobec celów GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -512,7 +560,7 @@
"<strong>„Nikt nie bÄdzie go używaÅ jeÅli bÄdzie darmowy, bo "
"oznacza to brak jakiegokolwiek wsparcia technicznego.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -520,18 +568,27 @@
"<strong>„Trzeba pobieraÄ opÅaty za program, żeby mieÄ
za co "
"zapewniÄ wsparcie techniczne.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"JeÅli ludzie woleliby pÅaciÄ za GNU razem z obsÅugÄ
zamiast "
"dostawaÄ GNU za darmo bez obsÅugi, to firma, która zapewniaÅaby
"
"obsÅugÄ dla ludzi, którzy uzyskali system GNU za darmo, powinna "
"przynosiÄ dochody.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -544,7 +601,7 @@
"JeÅli Wasz problem nie dotyczy wystarczajÄ
co dużej liczby użytkowników, "
"sprzedawca powie wam, żebyÅcie siÄ wypchali."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -566,7 +623,7 @@
"dystrybucji. GNU nie rozwiÄ
zuje wszystkich problemów Åwiata, tylko
niektóre "
"z nich."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -577,7 +634,7 @@
"nich rzeczy, które z ÅatwoÅciÄ
mogliby zrobiÄ samodzielnie, tylko
nie "
"wiedzÄ
jak."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -596,7 +653,7 @@
"wybór. Tymczasem ci z nas, którzy serwisu nie potrzebujÄ
, nie bÄdÄ
"
"musieli za niego pÅaciÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -605,7 +662,7 @@
"a żeby mieÄ na niÄ
Årodki, trzeba pobieraÄ opÅaty
za program."
"”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -613,7 +670,7 @@
"<strong>„Reklamowanie programu, który można dostaÄ za darmo,
jest "
"bezcelowe.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -631,12 +688,23 @@
"coÅ zarobiÄ. W ten sposób za reklamÄ pÅacÄ
tylko ci
użytkownicy, "
"którzy na niej korzystajÄ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Z drugiej strony, jeÅli wielu ludzi dostanie GNU od swoich "
"znajomych i takie firmy nie odniosÄ
sukcesu, udowodni to, że "
@@ -644,7 +712,7 @@
"Dlaczego zwolennicy wolnego rynku nie chcÄ
pozwoliÄ, by wolny rynek to "
"rozstrzygnÄ
Å?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -652,7 +720,7 @@
"<strong>„Moja firma potrzebuje objÄtego restrykcyjnÄ
licencjÄ
systemu "
"operacyjnego, żeby mieÄ przewagÄ nad konkurencjÄ
.”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -671,16 +739,25 @@
"uniknÄ
Ä bycia wepchniÄtym w drogÄ
zabawÄ w sprzedaż systemów
"
"operacyjnych."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ChciaÅbym, żeby GNU rozwijaÅo siÄ poprzez dary od wielu "
"producentów i użytkowników, obniżajÄ
c im wszystkim koszty.<a href="
"\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -688,7 +765,7 @@
"<strong>„Czy programiÅci nie zasÅugujÄ
na zapÅatÄ
za swojÄ
"
"kreatywnoÅÄ?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -703,7 +780,7 @@
"programów, to z tego samego powodu zasÅugujÄ
na karÄ, jeÅli "
"ograniczajÄ
ich użycie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -711,7 +788,7 @@
"<strong>„Czy programista nie powinien móc domagaÄ siÄ zapÅaty
za "
"swojÄ
kreatywnoÅÄ?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -723,7 +800,7 @@
"bÄdÄ
ce w zwyczaju na polu oprogramowania opierajÄ
siÄ na "
"destrukcji."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -738,7 +815,7 @@
"ludzkoÅÄ. JeÅli celowo siÄ coÅ ogranicza, to szkodliwe tego konsekwencje
sÄ
"
"celowÄ
destrukcjÄ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -757,11 +834,11 @@
"nagrodzonym za kreatywnoÅÄ nie usprawiedliwia pozbawiania caÅego
Åwiata "
"jej czÄÅci lub caÅoÅci."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>„Czy programiÅci nie bÄdÄ
gÅodowaÄ?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -774,7 +851,7 @@
"na spÄdzenie życia na staniu na ulicy, robieniu min i "
"gÅodowaniu. Robimy coÅ innego."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -785,7 +862,7 @@
"oprogramowania programiÅci nie zarobiÄ
ani centa. Czyli wszystko "
"albo nic."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -794,13 +871,28 @@
"nadal bÄdzie siÄ im pÅaciÄ za programowanie, po prostu nie aż "
"tyle, co teraz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Ograniczanie kopiowania nie jest dla firm programistycznych jedynym sposobem "
"na uzyskiwanie dochodów. Jest po prostu najczÄÅciej spotykanym<a
"
@@ -809,7 +901,7 @@
"z innych możliwoÅci, po które teraz siÄga rzadziej. Każdy
interes "
"można zawsze zorganizowaÄ na wiele sposobów."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -825,7 +917,7 @@
"byÅoby niesprawiedliwe. (Tak naprawdÄ i tak zarabialiby znacznie "
"wiÄcej.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -833,7 +925,7 @@
"<strong>„Czy ludzie nie majÄ
prawa kontrolowaÄ w jaki sposób "
"używane sÄ
ich pomysÅy?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -843,13 +935,26 @@
"stanowi kontrolÄ nad życiem innych ludzi i zwykle jest używana "
"do jego utrudnienia."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Ludzie, którzy dokÅadnie studiowali prawo wÅasnoÅci intelektualnej<a
href="
"\"#f6\">(8)</a> (np. prawnicy), twierdzÄ
, że nie ma żadnego
wrodzonego "
@@ -857,7 +962,7 @@
"intelektualnej uznawane przez rzÄ
d zostaÅy wprowadzone przez konkretne akty
"
"legislacyjne dla osiÄ
gniÄcia konkretnych celów."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -877,7 +982,7 @@
"porównaniu z kosztami rozpoczÄcia produkcji. Nie zawadzajÄ
one "
"wiÄkszoÅci indywidualnych użytkowników opatentowanych produktów."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -897,7 +1002,7 @@
"kopiowane tylko na prasie drukarskiej – nie wyrzÄ
dzaÅ on "
"dużo szkody i nie przeszkadzaÅ wiÄkszoÅci czytelników ksiÄ
żek."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -911,7 +1016,7 @@
"konkretnej sytuacji musimy zadaÄ pytanie: czy naprawdÄ zyskujemy, gdy "
"wydajemy takÄ
licencjÄ? Na jakiego rodzaju czyn udzielamy licencji?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -932,14 +1037,14 @@
"w której nikt nie powinien tego robiÄ niezależnie od tego, "
"czy prawo na to zezwala."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>„Konkurencja poprawia jakoÅÄ usÅug
i produktów.”</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -959,7 +1064,7 @@
"biegacze wdadzÄ
siÄ w bójkÄ, w rezultacie wszyscy dobiegnÄ
do "
"mety spóźnieni."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -974,7 +1079,7 @@
"strzaÅ”), a powinien rozdzieliÄ biegaczy i karaÄ ich
za "
"najmniejszÄ
próbÄ wszczÄcia bójki."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -982,7 +1087,7 @@
"<strong>„Czy bez pieniÄżnej motywacji nie przestanie siÄ "
"programowaÄ?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -996,7 +1101,7 @@
"na to, że bÄdÄ
w stanie w ten sposób zarobiÄ
na "
"życie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1009,7 +1114,7 @@
"bÄdzie chciaÅ programowaÄ przy zmniejszonej motywacji finansowej? Z "
"mojego doÅwiadczenia wynika, że tak."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1022,7 +1127,7 @@
"zyskujÄ
c sÅawÄ i uznanie. A kreatywnoÅÄ daje radoÅÄ, jest
nagrodÄ
"
"samÄ
w sobie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1030,7 +1135,7 @@
"Potem wiÄkszoÅÄ z nich odeszÅa, kiedy dostali szansÄ wykonywania
tej "
"samej interesujÄ
cej pracy w zamian za dużo pieniÄdzy."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1044,7 +1149,7 @@
"organizacje nie wypadajÄ
dobrze w konkurencji z tymi, które
pÅacÄ
"
"dużo, ale mogÅoby byÄ inaczej, jeÅli te drugie bÄdÄ
zdelegalizowane."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1053,7 +1158,7 @@
"żebyÅmy przestali pomagaÄ swoim przyjacioÅom, to musimy ich
posÅuchaÄ.”"
"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1063,14 +1168,14 @@
"Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute!” – "
"Robert Goodloe Harper]"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>„ProgramiÅci muszÄ
jakoÅ zarabiaÄ na życie.”</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1085,7 +1190,7 @@
"nie dlatego, że jest to jedyny sposób na ich zarabianie. JeÅli "
"tylko siÄ chce, to Åatwo znaleÅºÄ inne możliwoÅci. Oto kilka
przykÅadów:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1093,7 +1198,7 @@
"Producent wprowadzajÄ
cy na rynek nowy komputer bÄdzie pÅaciÅ
za "
"dostosowanie do niego systemu operacyjnego."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1101,11 +1206,23 @@
"W usÅugi sprzedaży kursów, prowadzenia za rÄkÄ oraz "
"konserwacji mogliby angażowaÄ siÄ także programiÅci."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Ludzie z innowacyjnymi pomysÅami mogliby rozpowszechniaÄ programy jako
"
"„freeware”<a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>, proszÄ
c zadowolonych "
@@ -1113,7 +1230,7 @@
"rÄkÄ. ZdarzyÅo mi siÄ spotkaÄ ludzi, którzy już odnieÅli w ten
sposób "
"sukces."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1123,13 +1240,13 @@
"i pÅaciÄ skÅadki. Grupy takie mogÅyby nastÄpnie podpisywaÄ
kontrakty "
"z firmami programistycznymi, które pisaÅyby potrzebne im programy."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Przeróżne drogi rozwoju mogÄ
byÄ finansowane przez Podatek Na Rzecz "
"Oprogramowania:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1140,7 +1257,7 @@
"w ten sposób pieniÄ
dze agencji takiej jak NSF [National Science "
"Foundation], żeby rozdysponowaÅa je na rozwój oprogramowania."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1155,7 +1272,7 @@
"bÄdzie gotowy. Może odliczyÄ kwotÄ darowizny do wysokoÅci caÅego "
"podatku, który musiaÅby zapÅaciÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1164,19 +1281,19 @@
"opodatkowanych i wyważona stosownie do kwoty, która bÄdzie "
"opodatkowana."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Konsekwencje:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "SpoÅecznoÅÄ użytkowników komputerów wspiera rozwój
oprogramowania."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Ta sama spoÅecznoÅÄ decyduje, jak duże wsparcie jest potrzebne."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1184,7 +1301,7 @@
"Użytkownicy, którym zależy, na co idÄ
ich skÅadki, samodzielnie
mogÄ
"
"wybraÄ wspierany projekt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1202,7 +1319,7 @@
"rodzinne, naprawy robotów i badania geologiczne asteroid. Nie trzeba "
"już bÄdzie zarabiaÄ na życie programowaniem."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1221,11 +1338,11 @@
"polu produkcji oprogramowania. Musimy to zrobiÄ, żeby technologiczne zyski "
"w wydajnoÅci przeÅożyÅy siÄ na mniej pracy dla nas."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Przypisy"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1260,7 +1377,7 @@
"oprogramowanie, to tym lepiej. Ważne jest, że każdy, kto ma kopiÄ,
może "
"swobodnie wspóÅpracowaÄ z innymi użytkownikami."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1275,10 +1392,21 @@
"words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\">MylÄ
ce sÅowa i sformuÅowania</"
"a>” po dokÅadniejsze wyjaÅnienie."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1288,11 +1416,11 @@
"przyjacióŠlub poprzez Internet – jednakże prowadzi ono "
"do nieporozumieÅ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Istnieje teraz kilka takich firm."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1305,7 +1433,7 @@
"skÅadaÄ <a href=\"/order/order.html\">zamówienia na rzeczy
z FSF</"
"a>, by nas wspieraÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1313,7 +1441,7 @@
"Grupa firm komputerowych ok. 1991 r. zebraÅa fundusze, aby wspomóc "
"utrzymanie GNU C Compiler."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1334,10 +1462,31 @@
"oprogramowania. Zatem, moim zdaniem, zarobki najlepszych programistów nie "
"bÄdÄ
siÄ wiele różniÄ w Åwiecie wolnego oprogramowania."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1358,10 +1507,26 @@
"wyjaÅnienie</a>, w którym opisano, w jaki sposób termin ten
szerzy "
"nieporozumienia i stronnicze podejÅcie do pewnych kwestii."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1402,14 +1567,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Staramy siÄ, aby tÅumaczenia byÅy wierne i wysokiej jakoÅci, "
@@ -1422,9 +1593,15 @@
"tÅumaczeÅ</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014, 2015-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1465,10 +1642,9 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Aktualizowane:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/manifesto.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.22
retrieving revision 1.23
diff -u -b -r1.22 -r1.23
--- po/manifesto.pot 2 Jun 2015 12:55:47 -0000 1.22
+++ po/manifesto.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.23
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# LANGUAGE translation of http://www.gnu.org/gnu/manifesto.html
+# LANGUAGE translation of https://www.gnu.org/gnu/manifesto.html
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
@@ -7,40 +7,41 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
-"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a "
-"href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for "
+"href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for "
"support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken "
"from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in "
"minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave "
"it unchanged."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
"these points."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@
"href=\"/help/help.html\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -59,20 +60,20 @@
"to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete "
"Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it "
-"away free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"away free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. Several other volunteers are helping me. "
+"Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@
"everything useful that normally comes with a Unix system, and more."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@
"and Internet protocols for communication."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -109,17 +110,17 @@
"to use it on them."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -132,20 +133,20 @@
"against my will."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+"away <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -153,11 +154,11 @@
"convenient for many other people to adopt."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -167,17 +168,17 @@
"GNU remain free."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -191,7 +192,7 @@
"programming is just a way of making money."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -201,11 +202,11 @@
"happiness that money cannot replace."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a "
"href=\"http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects\";>High Priority Projects "
@@ -215,13 +216,13 @@
"GNU operating system</a>.)"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -229,7 +230,7 @@
"sophisticated cooling or power."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@
"communication and will be worked on by a small, tight group.)"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -255,24 +256,24 @@
"another way."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
"avoided. This effort can go instead into advancing the state of the art."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -281,7 +282,7 @@
"sources and is in sole position to make changes."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -291,13 +292,13 @@
"this."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -311,36 +312,36 @@
"with a head tax and chuck the masks."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -348,7 +349,7 @@
"will tell you to get lost."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -360,14 +361,14 @@
"only some of them."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
"how."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -378,19 +379,19 @@
"for the service."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get "
"free.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -400,21 +401,21 @@
"more. This way, only the users who benefit from the advertising pay for it."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -425,19 +426,20 @@
"into the expensive business of selling operating systems."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their "
"creativity?”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -446,20 +448,20 @@
"use of these programs."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
"the means customary in the field of software today are based on destruction."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -468,7 +470,7 @@
"the harmful consequences are deliberate destruction."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -479,11 +481,11 @@
"general of all or part of that creativity."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -491,29 +493,30 @@
"making faces, and starving. We do something else."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
"be paid a cent. Supposedly it is all or nothing."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -522,29 +525,29 @@
"practice they would still make considerably more than that.)"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
"difficult."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a "
-"href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
-"intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -556,7 +559,7 @@
"individuals who use patented products."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -568,7 +571,7 @@
"who read the books."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -577,7 +580,7 @@
"licensing a person to do?"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -589,11 +592,11 @@
"law enables him to."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Competition makes things get done
better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -604,7 +607,7 @@
"all finish late."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -613,13 +616,13 @@
"runners for even trying to fight."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary "
"incentive?”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -627,7 +630,7 @@
"who keep at it even though they have no hope of making a living that way."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -635,7 +638,7 @@
"incentive? My experience shows that they will."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -643,13 +646,13 @@
"appreciation, for example. And creativity is also fun, a reward in itself."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -658,23 +661,23 @@
"ones are banned."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Programmers need to make a living
somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -683,45 +686,45 @@
"find other ways if you want to find them. Here are a number of examples."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a "
-"href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
-"handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
-"successfully."
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied "
+"users, or selling handholding services. I have met people who are already "
+"working this way successfully."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
"members would like to use."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
"on software development."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -730,31 +733,31 @@
"tax he had to pay."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -765,7 +768,7 @@
"programming."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -777,11 +780,11 @@
"to translate into less work for us."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -798,7 +801,7 @@
"with others in using it."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -808,19 +811,19 @@
"and Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -828,13 +831,13 @@
"its work."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -846,11 +849,11 @@
"less in a free software world."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
-"“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term "
-"is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
+"“the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
+"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
"others to suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be "
@@ -859,10 +862,10 @@
"spreads confusion and bias."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -893,7 +896,7 @@
#
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
#
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
@@ -901,13 +904,14 @@
msgid ""
"Please see the <a "
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
-"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+"for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this "
+"article."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
Index: po/manifesto.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/manifesto.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:42 -0000 1.15
+++ po/manifesto.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.16
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-05-03 10:15-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1)\n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 40.0\n"
@@ -23,13 +24,21 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "O Manifesto GNU - Projeto GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "O Manifesto GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -42,7 +51,7 @@
"para dar conta da evolução; desde então, parece ser melhor mantê-lo "
"inalterado."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -52,7 +61,7 @@
"poderiam ter sido evitados por meio de uma escolha diferente de palavras. "
"Notas de rodapé adicionadas desde 1993 ajudam a clarear esses pontos."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -64,7 +73,7 @@
"livre</a>. Para saber como contribuir, veja <a href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -80,17 +89,24 @@
"Software Livre. Eles o usam para promover uma <a href=\"/philosophy/open-"
"source-misses-the-point.html\">abordagem imoral</a> para o mesmo campo."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "O Que é o GNU? Gnu Não é Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, que significa Gnu Não é Unix (âGNU's Not Unixâ), é o nome para um
"
"sistema de software completo e compatÃvel com o Unix, que eu estou "
@@ -99,7 +115,7 @@
"ajudando. Contribuições de tempo, dinheiro, programas e equipamentos são "
"bastante necessários."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -129,7 +145,7 @@
"documentação on-line. Nós esperamos fornecer, eventualmente, tudo de útil
"
"que normalmente vem com um sistema Unix, e ainda mais."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -153,7 +169,7 @@
"tentaremos suportar UUCP, MIT Chaosnet, e protocolos da Internet para "
"comunicação."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -165,7 +181,7 @@
"esforço extra para fazê-lo funcionar em máquinas menores será deixado
para "
"alguém que deseje utilizá-lo nelas."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -173,11 +189,11 @@
"Para evitar uma confusão horrÃvel, por favor pronuncie a letra <em>g</em>
na "
"palavra âGNUâ quando ela for o nome deste projeto."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Por Que Eu Tenho que Escrever o GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -201,13 +217,20 @@
"foram longe demais: eu não podia permanecer em uma instituição onde tais "
"coisas eram feitas a mim contra a minha vontade."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Portanto, de modo que eu possa continuar a usar computadores sem desonra, eu "
"decidi juntar uma quantidade de software livre suficiente para que eu possa "
@@ -215,11 +238,11 @@
"Laboratório de IA para impedir que o MIT tenha qualquer desculpa legal para "
"me impedir de fornecer o GNU livremente.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Por que o GNU Será CompatÃvel com o Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -231,11 +254,11 @@
"fornecer o que falta no Unix sem comprometê-lo. E um sistema compatÃvel com
"
"o Unix seria conveniente para muitas pessoas adotarem."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Como o GNU Estará DisponÃvel"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -249,11 +272,11 @@
"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">privativa</a>. Eu "
"quero ter certeza de que todas as versões do GNU permanecerão livres."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Por que Muitos Outros Programadores Desejam Ajudar"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -261,7 +284,7 @@
"Eu encontrei muitos outros programadores que estão excitados quanto ao GNU e
"
"querem ajudar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -286,7 +309,7 @@
"vontade com nenhuma das escolhas. Eles se tornam cÃnicos e passam a "
"considerar que a programação é apenas uma maneira de ganhar dinheiro."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -303,11 +326,11 @@
"aproximadamente metade dos programadores com quem eu falo, esta é uma "
"importante alegria que dinheiro não pode substituir."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Como Você Pode Contribuir"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -324,7 +347,7 @@
"de ajudar, veja <a href=\"/help/help.html\">o guia de ajuda ao sistema "
"operacional do GNU</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -332,7 +355,7 @@
"Eu estou pedindo aos fabricantes de computadores por doações de máquinas e
"
"dinheiro. Eu estou pedindo às pessoas por doações de programas e de
trabalho."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -344,7 +367,7 @@
"para uso, e aprovadas para utilização em áreas residenciais, e não devem "
"necessitar de sistemas sofisticados de refrigeração ou energia."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -374,7 +397,7 @@
"trabalho viável. (O kernel irá necessitar comunicação mais próxima e
será "
"trabalhado por um grupo pequeno e coeso.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -391,19 +414,23 @@
"energias em trabalhar no GNU, sem que elas necessitem de uma outra maneira "
"de ganhar a vida."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Por que Todos os Usuários de Computadores Serão Beneficiados"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Uma vez que o GNU esteja pronto, todos poderão obter um bom software de "
"sistema, gratuitamente como o ar.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -414,7 +441,7 @@
"de sistemas será evitada. Este esforço poderá ser utilizado em avançar o "
"estado-da-arte."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -429,7 +456,7 @@
"do programador ou empresa que é dono dos fontes e é o único que pode "
"realizar mudanças."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -445,7 +472,7 @@
"esta posição foi sustentada quando o laboratório se recusou a instalar "
"certos programas. Eu fui bastante inspirado por eles."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -453,7 +480,7 @@
"Finalmente, o esforço de localizar o dono do software de sistema e o que se "
"pode ou não se pode fazer com ele será aliviado."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -478,7 +505,7 @@
"todo lado para verificar se alguém tirar a máscara é ultrajante. à melhor
"
"manter a fábrica de ar com uma taxa por pessoa e eliminar as máscaras."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -486,11 +513,11 @@
"Copiar todo ou parte de um programa é tão natural para um programador
quanto "
"respirar, e tão produtivo quanto. Isto tem que ser livre."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Algumas Objeções Facilmente Refutadas aos Objetivos do GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -498,25 +525,30 @@
"<strong>âNinguém vai utilizá-lo se for livre porque isto significa que
não "
"se pode contar com nenhum suporte.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>âVocê tem que cobrar pelo programa para pagar pelo
suporte.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Se as pessoas puderem em vez disso pagar pelo GNU mais pelos serviços em vez
"
"de obter o GNU sem o serviço, uma empresa cujo objetivo seja somente "
"fornecer serviços para as pessoas que obtiveram o GNU gratuitamente será "
"rentável.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -528,7 +560,7 @@
"contar em receber do vendedor de software. Se o seu problema não é o mesmo "
"de muitas outras pessoas, o vendedor irá ignorá-lo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -548,7 +580,7 @@
"contratos de distribuição. GNU não elimina todos os problemas do mundo, "
"somente alguns deles."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -558,7 +590,7 @@
"ajuda: fazer coisas para eles que eles poderiam facilmente fazer eles mesmos "
"mas eles não sabem como."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -576,7 +608,7 @@
"amarrados a nenhuma delas em particular. Enquanto isso, os usuários que não
"
"necessitam do serviço poderão usar o programa sem ter que pagar pelo
serviço."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -584,7 +616,7 @@
"<strong>âVocê não pode atingir muitas pessoas sem propaganda, e você tem
que "
"cobrar pelo programa para pagar por isso.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -592,7 +624,7 @@
"<strong>âNão tem sentido anunciar um programa que as pessoas podem pegar
de "
"graça.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -609,19 +641,25 @@
"seus anúncios e mais. Desta forma, somente os usuários que se beneficiam
dos "
"anúncios pagam por eles."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Pelo outro lado, se muitas pessoas copiarem o GNU dos seus amigos, e tais "
"empresas não tiverem sucesso, isto mostra que a propaganda não era
realmente "
"necessária para popularizar o GNU. Por que os advogados do mercado livre
não "
"deixam o mercado decidir quanto a isso?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -629,7 +667,7 @@
"<strong>âMinha empresa necessita de um sistema operacional privativo para "
"obter uma vantagem competitiva.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -647,15 +685,20 @@
"negócio é outro, GNU pode poupá-lo de ser forçado para o negócio caro de
"
"vender sistemas operacionais."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Eu gostaria de ver o desenvolvimento do GNU suportado por doações de
várias "
"empresas e usuários, reduzindo o custo para todos.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -663,7 +706,7 @@
"<strong>âOs programadores não merecem uma recompensa pela sua "
"criatividade?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -677,7 +720,7 @@
"merecem ser recompensados por criarem programas inovadores, da mesma forma "
"eles merecem ser punidos se eles restringem o uso destes programas."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -685,7 +728,7 @@
"<strong>âUm programador não deveria poder pedir por uma recompensa pela
sua "
"criatividade?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -696,7 +739,7 @@
"destrutivos. Mas os meios comuns hoje no campo de software são baseados em "
"destruição."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -710,7 +753,7 @@
"a humanidade deriva do programa. Quando há uma escolha deliberada em "
"restringir, as consequências prejudiciais são destruição deliberada."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -728,11 +771,11 @@
"isso. Especificamente, o desejo de ser recompensado pela minha criatividade "
"não justifica privar o mundo em geral de tudo ou parte da minha
criatividade."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âOs programadores não irão morrer de fome?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -744,7 +787,7 @@
"Mas nós não estamos, como resultado, condenados a passar nossas vidas "
"pedindo na rua, fazendo caretas e passando fome. Nós fazemos outra coisa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -754,7 +797,7 @@
"questão: que sem a propriedade do software, os programadores não têm como "
"receber um centavo. Supõe-se que seja tudo ou nada."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -763,13 +806,22 @@
"possÃvel para eles serem pagos para programar; somente não tão bem pagos "
"como o são hoje."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Restringir a cópia não é a única base para negócios com software. Ela é
a "
"mais comum<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> porque é a que traz mais dinheiro. Se ela "
@@ -778,7 +830,7 @@
"utilizadas menos frequentemente. Existem várias formas de se organizar "
"qualquer tipo de negócios."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -792,7 +844,7 @@
"os programadores acontecer o mesmo, também não será uma injustiça. (Na "
"prática eles ainda ganhariam consideravelmente mais do que os caixas.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -800,7 +852,7 @@
"<strong>âAs pessoas não têm o direito de controlar como a sua
criatividade é "
"utilizada?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -809,13 +861,20 @@
"âControle sobre o uso das ideiasâ é na verdade controle sobre as vidas
das "
"pessoas; e isto em geral torna as vidas das pessoas mais difÃcil."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"As pessoas que estudaram a questão da propriedade intelectual<a
href=\"#f6\">"
"(8)</a> cuidadosamente (como os advogados) dizem que não existe direito "
@@ -823,7 +882,7 @@
"intelectual que o governo reconhece foram criados por atos especÃficos de "
"legislação para propósitos especÃficos."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -843,7 +902,7 @@
"custo de se montar uma fábrica, a patente não causou muito prejuÃzo. Elas "
"não obstruÃram a maioria das pessoas que utilizavam produtos patenteados."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -863,7 +922,7 @@
"economicamente apenas pela prensa de uma gráfica â ele causou poucos
danos, "
"e não obstruiu a maioria das pessoas que liam os livros."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -877,7 +936,7 @@
"particular, temos que perguntar: nós estamos realmente melhor concedendo "
"esta licença? Que tipo de atos nós estamos autorizando uma pessoa a
cometer?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -897,13 +956,13 @@
"um todo tanto material quanto espiritualmente; esta pessoa não deveria fazer
"
"isso apesar ou mesmo que a lei permita que ela faça."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>âCompetição faz com que as coisas sejam feitas
melhor.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -922,7 +981,7 @@
"por exemplo, atacar os outros corredores. Se os corredores se envolverem em "
"uma luta corpo-a-corpo, todos eles chegarão mais tarde."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -936,7 +995,7 @@
"pode disparar um tiroâ). Ele na verdade deveria encerrar com as lutas, e "
"penalizar os corredores que tentarem lutar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -944,7 +1003,7 @@
"<strong>âNão irão todos parar de programar sem um incentivo
monetário?â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -957,7 +1016,7 @@
"músicos profissionais que se mantém na carreira mesmo quando não há "
"esperança de se ganhar a vida desta forma."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -969,7 +1028,7 @@
"apenas se pagará menos. Então a questão é, alguém irá programar com um "
"incentivo monetário reduzido? Minha experiência mostra que sim."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -982,7 +1041,7 @@
"recompensas não financeiras: fama e reconhecimento, por exemplo. E "
"criatividade também é um entretenimento, uma recompensa em si mesma."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -990,7 +1049,7 @@
"Então a maioria deles saiu quando recebeu uma chance de fazer o mesmo "
"trabalho interessante recebendo bastante dinheiro."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1005,7 +1064,7 @@
"se realizar seu trabalho de maneira ruim se as organizações que pagam bem "
"forem banidas."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1014,7 +1073,7 @@
"que nós paremos de ajudar nossos semelhantes, nós temos que obedecer.â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1022,13 +1081,13 @@
"Você nunca está tão desesperado que você tenha que atender a este tipo de
"
"exigência. Lembre-se: milhões para a defesa, mas nenhum centavo como
tributo!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>âOs programadores têm que ganhar a vida de algum
jeito.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1043,7 +1102,7 @@
"único modo de se ganhar a vida. à fácil encontrar outros modos de ganhar a
"
"vida se você deseja encontrá-los. Eis alguns exemplos."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1051,7 +1110,7 @@
"Um fabricante lançando um novo computador irá pagar pelo porte do sistema "
"operacional para o novo hardware."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1059,18 +1118,25 @@
"A venda de serviços de treinamento, ajuda e manutenção também poderia "
"empregar os programadores."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Pessoas com novas ideias poderiam distribuir programas como freeware<a href="
"\"#f7\">(9)</a>, pedindo por doações de usuários satisfeitos, ou vendendo "
"serviços de ajuda [no uso do software]. Eu encontrei pessoas que já "
"trabalham desta forma com sucesso."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1080,13 +1146,13 @@
"anuidades. O grupo poderia contratar empresas de programação para escrever "
"programas que os membros do grupo desejariam usar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Todos os tipos de desenvolvimento podem ser financiados com um Imposto de "
"Software:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1096,7 +1162,7 @@
"do preço como um imposto de software. O governo daria este dinheiro a uma "
"agência como a NSF para gastar em desenvolvimento de software."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1111,7 +1177,7 @@
"um crédito por qualquer doação até o total do imposto que ele teria que "
"pagar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1120,21 +1186,21 @@
"imposto, proporcionalmente à quantidade de dinheiro sobre a qual eles serão
"
"taxados."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "As consequências:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr ""
"A comunidade de usuários de computadores apoiaria o desenvolvimento de "
"software."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Esta comunidade decidiria qual nÃvel de suporte é necessário."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1142,7 +1208,7 @@
"Usuários preocupados com quais projetos a sua parcela é gasta poderiam "
"escolher por eles mesmos."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1160,7 +1226,7 @@
"aconselhamento de famÃlias, reparo de robôs e prospecção de asteroides.
Eles "
"não terão necessidade de ganhar a vida programando."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1180,11 +1246,11 @@
"área de produção de software. Nós temos que fazer isso, para que os
ganhos "
"técnicos em produtividade sejam transformados em menos trabalho para nós."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Notas de rodapé"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1215,7 +1281,7 @@
"melhor ainda. O mais importante é que qualquer um que tenha uma cópia tenha
"
"a liberdade de cooperar com outras pessoas utilizando o software."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1229,10 +1295,16 @@
"words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\">Palavras e Frases Confusas</a>â para
"
"mais explicações."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1241,11 +1313,11 @@
"obter cópias do GNU gratuitamente, dos seus amigos ou da Internet. Mas a "
"afirmação sugere a ideia errada."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Várias dessas empresas existem hoje."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1257,7 +1329,7 @@
"seu serviço de distribuição. Você pode <a
href=\"/order/order.html\">comprar "
"itens da FSF</a> para apoiar seu trabalho."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1265,7 +1337,7 @@
"Um grupo de fabricantes de computadores ofereceu fundos por volta de 1991 "
"para apoiar a manutenção do Compilador C do GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1286,10 +1358,21 @@
"livre. Portanto, eu não mais espero que os programadores mais bem pagos "
"ganhariam menos em um mundo de software livre."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1309,10 +1392,19 @@
"\">explicação mais aprofundada</a> sobre como esse termo espalha confusão
e "
"distorcido."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1351,14 +1443,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"A equipe de traduções para o português brasileiro se esforça para
oferecer "
@@ -1366,13 +1458,17 @@
"favor, envie seus comentários e sugestões em geral sobre as traduções
para "
"<a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
"a>. </p><p>Consulte o <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e o "
-"envio de traduções das páginas deste site."
+"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e a "
+"contribuição com traduções das páginas deste site."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1405,13 +1501,12 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima atualização:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#, fuzzy
#~| msgid ""
Index: po/manifesto.ro.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.ro.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/manifesto.ro.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.6
+++ po/manifesto.ro.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.7
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-07-07 20:59+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: RÄzvan Sandu <razvan.sandu@zando.ro>\n"
"Language-Team: Romanian <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,19 +14,34 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.0.1\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Manifestul GNU - Proiectul GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "Manifestul GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -40,7 +55,7 @@
"apÄrute între timp; dupÄ acel moment, a-l lÄsa neschimbat pare sÄ fie
cea "
"mai bunÄ soluÈie."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -50,7 +65,7 @@
"folosirea unei anume terminologii le poate evita. Notele de subsol, adÄugate
"
"manifestului începând cu anul 1993, ajutÄ la clarificarea acestor aspecte."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -62,7 +77,7 @@
"pe programe libere</a>. Despre cum puteÈi contribui, vedeÈi la <a href=\"/"
"help/help.html\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -79,17 +94,30 @@
"MiÈcÄrii. Ei îl folosesc pentru a promova o <a href=\"/philosophy/open-"
"source-misses-the-point.html\">viziune amoralÄ</a> asupra aceluiaÈi
domeniu."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Ce este GNU? Gnu nu este Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, care înseamnÄ âGnu nu este Unixâ, este numele unui sistem de
programe "
"complet compatibil cu Unix, pe care îl scriu ca sÄ Ã®l ofer liber <a "
@@ -99,7 +127,7 @@
"t.). MÄ ajutÄ alÈi câÈiva voluntari. ContribuÈii constând în timp,
bani, "
"programe Èi echipamente ne sunt foarte necesare."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -137,7 +165,7 @@
"utilÄ care, în mod normal, este livratÄ Ã®mpreunÄ cu Unix - Èi chiar mai
mult "
"decât atât."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -161,7 +189,7 @@
"UUCP, sistemul Chaosnet de la MIT Èi Internet, ca protocoale pentru "
"comunicaÈii."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -174,7 +202,7 @@
"maÈini mai puÈin puternice va fi lÄsat în seama celor care vor dori sÄ-l
"
"foloseascÄ pe astfel de calculatoare."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -182,11 +210,11 @@
"Pentru a evita o încurcÄturÄ de nedescris, vÄ rugÄm sÄ pronunÈaÈi
<em>g</em>-"
"ul din numele âGNUâ când vine vorba de numele proiectului."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "De ce trebuie sÄ scriu GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -209,13 +237,26 @@
"depÄÈit mÄsura: nu pot rÄmâne într-o instituÈie unde astfel de treburi
se "
"fac în numele meu, dar împotriva voinÈei mele."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"AÈa cÄ, pentru a putea continua sÄ utilizez calculatoarele fÄrÄ sÄ-mi
pÄtez "
"obrazul, am hotÄrât sÄ acumulez o cantitate suficientÄ de programe
libere, "
@@ -224,11 +265,11 @@
"argument juridic cu care sÄ mÄ Ã®mpiedice sÄ dÄruiesc oricui sistemul
GNU."
" <a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "De ce GNU va fi compatibil cu Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -240,11 +281,11 @@
"ce îi lipseÈte fÄrÄ sÄ le afectez. Iar pentru adoptare, compatibilitatea
cu "
"Unix ar fi un avantaj pentru mulÈi."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Cum va fi disponibil GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -258,11 +299,11 @@
"\"/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietare</a> nu vor "
"fi admise. Vreau sÄ mÄ asigur cÄ toate versiunile de GNU vor rÄmâne
libere."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "De ce mulÈi alÈi programatori vor sÄ ne ajute"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -270,7 +311,7 @@
"Am gÄsit mulÈi programatori care sunt încântaÈi de GNU Èi vor sÄ dea o
mânÄ "
"de ajutor."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -294,7 +335,7 @@
"confortabil în nici una dintre ipostaze. Ei devin cinici Èi se gândesc cÄ
"
"programarea reprezintÄ doar un mod de a face bani."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -311,11 +352,11 @@
"Pentru circa jumÄtate dintre programatorii cu care Èin legÄtura, e o
bucurie "
"importantÄ, pe care banii n-o pot înlocui."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Cum puteÈi contribui"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -332,7 +373,7 @@
"care puteÈi ajuta, citiÈi <a href=\"/help/help.html\">ghidul pentru cei
care "
"vor sÄ ofere ajutor sistemului de operare GNU</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -340,7 +381,7 @@
"Solicit fabricanÈilor de calculatoare donaÈii constând în maÈini de
calcul "
"Èi bani. Solicit persoanelor fizice donaÈii în programe Èi muncÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -353,7 +394,7 @@
"rezidenÈialÄ; nu trebuie sÄ necesite metode sofisticate de rÄcire sau de "
"alimentare electricÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -383,7 +424,7 @@
"comunicare mai strânsÄ Èi va fi scris de un grup mai mic de persoane, bine
"
"integrat.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -400,20 +441,27 @@
"Èi consacre întreaga energie lucrului la GNU, scutindu-i de necesitatea de
a-"
"Èi câÈtiga traiul în alte moduri."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "De ce vor avea de câÈtigat toÈi utilizatorii de calculatoare"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"OdatÄ ce GNU este scris, va deveni posibil pentru oricine sÄ obÈinÄ liber
"
"programe de sistem de bunÄ calitate, exact ca pe aer. <a href=\"#f2\">"
"(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -424,7 +472,7 @@
"risipeÈte pentru scrierea programelor de sistem duplicate poate fi evitat. "
"Ãn schimb, efortul poate fi îndreptat cÄtre producerea de programe de
vârf."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -438,7 +486,7 @@
"nu vor mai fi la mila unei companii care, deÈinând monopolul surselor, este
"
"Èi singura care le poate modifica."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -455,7 +503,7 @@
"instaleze unele programe. Personal, m-am simÈit foarte inspirat de lucrul "
"Ästa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -464,7 +512,7 @@
"anume deÈine programele de sistem Èi ce vÄ este sau nu vÄ este îngÄduit
sÄ "
"faceÈi cu ele."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -491,7 +539,7 @@
"E mai bine sÄ finanÈÄm instalaÈia de producere a aerului dintr-o taxÄ
fixÄ "
"pe cap de locuitor Èi sÄ renunÈÄm la mÄÈti."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -500,11 +548,11 @@
"natural ca Èi a respira - Èi la fel de productiv. De aceea, trebuie sÄ fie
"
"Èi la fel de liber."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Câteva critici uÈor de demontat la adresa obiectivelor GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -512,7 +560,7 @@
"<strong>âNimeni n-o sÄ-l utilizeze dacÄ e pe gratis, pentru cÄ asta
înseamnÄ "
"cÄ nu se poate conta pe ajutorul furnizorului.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -520,18 +568,27 @@
"<strong>âEÈti obligat sÄ ceri bani pentru program, ca platÄ pentru
asistenÈa "
"pe care o acorzi.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"DacÄ publicul preferÄ sÄ plÄteascÄ pentru GNU plus acordarea de servicii
"
"adÄugate în loc sÄ obÈinÄ GNU gratis fÄrÄ aceste servicii, atunci o
companie "
"care va furniza serviciile celor care au obÈinut GNU âla liberâ trebuie
sÄ "
"fie profitabilÄ. <a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -544,7 +601,7 @@
"nu este întâlnitÄ de suficienÈi alÈi oameni, furnizorul o sÄ vÄ
trimitÄ la "
"plimbare."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -565,7 +622,7 @@
"poate fi imputatÄ modelului de distribuire. GNU nu înlÄturÄ toate
problemele "
"lumii, ci numai unele dintre ele."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -575,7 +632,7 @@
"nevoie de ajutor: trebuie fÄcute, în locul lor, lucruri pe care le-ar putea
"
"face uÈor Èi singuri, dar nu Ètiu cum."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -594,7 +651,7 @@
"parte, aceia dintre noi care nu avem nevoie de asistenÈÄ vom putea utiliza "
"produsul fÄrÄ s-o plÄtim."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -602,7 +659,7 @@
"<strong>âNu vÄ puteÈi adresa prea multor clienÈi fÄrÄ a avea
publicitate Èi "
"va trebui sÄ cereÈi bani pentru program ca s-o suportaÈi.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -610,7 +667,7 @@
"<strong>âNu are rost sÄ faci publicitate unui program pe care lumea îl
poate "
"obÈine gratis.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -628,12 +685,23 @@
"plÄti pentru a-i face reclamÄ - Èi nu numai atât. Ãn felul Ästa, numai "
"utilizatorii care beneficiazÄ de publicitate vor plÄti pentru ea."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Ãn celÄlalt caz, dacÄ mulÈi vor obÈine GNU de la prieteni Èi companiile
de "
"acest fel nu vor avea succes comercial, va însemna cÄ publicitatea nu era "
@@ -641,7 +709,7 @@
"cei care propovÄduiesc piaÈa liberÄ ca ea sÄ decidÄ toate aceste
aspecte?"
" <a href=\"#f4\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -649,7 +717,7 @@
"<strong>âCompania mea are nevoie de un sistem de operare proprietar ca sÄ "
"obÈinÄ un avantaj în competiÈia de piaÈÄ.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -667,16 +735,25 @@
"privesc. DacÄ firma se ocupÄ cu altceva, GNU vÄ poate scuti de
constrângerea "
"de a intra în afacerea costisitoare a vânzÄrii de sisteme de operare."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"AÈ vrea sÄ vÄd cÄ dezvoltarea GNU este ajutatÄ prin donaÈii de la
mulÈi "
"producÄtori Èi utilizatori, micÈorând astfel costurile pentru toÈi cei "
"implicaÈi. <a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -684,7 +761,7 @@
"<strong>âProgramatorii nu meritÄ o recompensÄ pentru creativitatea
lor?â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -699,7 +776,7 @@
"inovatoare, în aceeaÈi mÄsurÄ ei meritÄ sÄ fie pedepsiÈi când le "
"restricÈioneazÄ utilizarea."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -707,7 +784,7 @@
"<strong>âNu ar trebui sÄ poatÄ programatorul sÄ cearÄ o recompensÄ
pentru "
"creaÈia lui?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -718,7 +795,7 @@
"distructive pentru asta. Dar mijloacele uzual folosite azi în domeniul "
"programÄrii se bazeazÄ pe distrugere."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -733,7 +810,7 @@
"programului. Acolo unde se face o alegere intenÈionatÄ de a restricÈiona, "
"consecinÈele negative apÄrute reprezintÄ distrugere deliberatÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -752,11 +829,11 @@
"pentru creativitate nu scuzÄ faptul de a priva omenirea, în sens larg, de "
"obiectul creat, în tot sau în parte."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âNu vor muri programatorii de foame?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -768,7 +845,7 @@
"suntem condamnaÈi sÄ stÄm pe stradÄ Èi sÄ cerÈim, ajungând muritori
de "
"foame. Pur Èi simplu ne ocupÄm cu altceva."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -779,7 +856,7 @@
"programatorii n-ar putea sÄ câÈtige nici mÄcar un cent. Se acrediteazÄ
ideea "
"cÄ e totul sau nimic."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -788,13 +865,28 @@
"putea în continuare sÄ fie plÄtiÈi pentru munca lor: doar cÄ nu vor mai
fi "
"plÄtiÈi atât de mult ca acum."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"RestricÈionarea copierii nu reprezintÄ singurul mod de a face afaceri cu "
"programe. Este cea mai întâlnitÄ metodÄ <a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>
pentru "
@@ -803,7 +895,7 @@
"organizare, care acum sunt folosite mai rar. ExistÄ Ã®ntotdeauna multe
feluri "
"în care poÈi organiza orice tip de afacere."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -818,7 +910,7 @@
"nici atunci n-ar fi o nedreptate. (Ãn practicÄ, ei ar câÈtiga
considerabil "
"mai mult decât vânzÄtorii.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -826,7 +918,7 @@
"<strong>âOamenii nu au dreptul sÄ controleze felul cum este folositÄ
creaÈia "
"lor?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -836,13 +928,26 @@
"asupra vieÈilor altor oameni; de obicei, el este folosit ca sÄ le facÄ "
"acelora vieÈile mai dificile."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Cei care au studiat atent problema drepturilor de proprietate "
"intelectualÄ <a href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> (cum ar fi avocaÈii) spun cÄ nu "
@@ -850,7 +955,7 @@
"proprietate intelectualÄ pe care le recunosc autoritÄÈile au fost create
de "
"legi anumite, cu scopuri anume."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -873,7 +978,7 @@
"rÄu. Ele nu reprezentau o piedicÄ pentru majoritatea persoanelor care "
"utilizeazÄ produse patentate."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -893,7 +998,7 @@
"cÄrÈile, care puteau fi multiplicate ieftin numai folosind o tiparniÈÄ -
nu "
"a fÄcut mult rÄu Èi nu i-a obstrucÈionat pe cei care citeau aceste
cÄrÈi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -907,7 +1012,7 @@
"particular, trebuie sÄ ne întrebÄm: avem vreun avantaj din acordarea unei "
"astfel de licenÈe? Pentru ce fel de acÈiune împuternicim o persoanÄ?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -927,13 +1032,13 @@
"Èi spiritual; o situaÈie în care nimeni n-ar trebui sÄ se punÄ, chiar
dacÄ "
"legea îi dÄ voie s-o facÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>âConcurenÈa înseamnÄ cÄ lucrurile sunt fÄcute mai
bine.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -952,7 +1057,7 @@
"alergÄtori. Èi când concurenÈii se angajeazÄ Ã®ntr-o încÄierare, vor
întârzia "
"toÈi la linia de sosire."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -967,7 +1072,7 @@
"i despartÄ pe concurenÈi Èi sÄ-i penalizeze fie Èi doar pentru tentativa
de "
"a se încÄiera."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -975,7 +1080,7 @@
"<strong>âNu vor înceta toÈi sÄ scrie programe dacÄ nu existÄ un
stimulent "
"material?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -987,7 +1092,7 @@
"în domeniu. Nu ducem lipsÄ de muzicieni profesioniÈti care nu renunÈÄ de
"
"muzicÄ, chiar dacÄ n-au nici o speranÈÄ sÄ poatÄ trÄi din asta."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -999,7 +1104,7 @@
"puÈinÄ. AÈa cÄ adevÄrata întrebare este: va mai programa cineva pentru
mai "
"puÈini bani? ExperienÈa mea îmi aratÄ cÄ da."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1012,7 +1117,7 @@
"exemplu, faimÄ Èi apreciere. Ãn plus, a crea este amuzant: e o recompensÄ
în "
"sine."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1020,7 +1125,7 @@
"Apoi, cei mai mulÈi dintre ei au plecat când li s-a oferit Èansa sÄ facÄ
"
"aceeaÈi muncÄ interesantÄ contra unei grÄmezi de bani."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1034,7 +1139,7 @@
"salarii mici o duc prost în comparaÈie cu cele care oferÄ salarii mari,
dar "
"nu e obligatoriu s-o ducÄ prost dacÄ cele cu salarii mari vor fi interzise."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1042,7 +1147,7 @@
"<strong>âAvem nevoie disperatÄ de programatori. DacÄ ei ne cer sÄ
încetÄm a "
"ne mai ajuta vecinii, trebuie sÄ ne supunem.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1051,12 +1156,12 @@
"acestui gen de cereri. ÈineÈi minte: dÄm milioane pentru apÄrare, dar
nici "
"un cent ca tribut!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âProgramatorii trebuie sÄ trÄiascÄ din ceva.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1071,7 +1176,7 @@
"putea câÈtiga existenÈa. Este uÈor sÄ gÄseÈti alte metode, dacÄ vrei
s-o "
"faci. IatÄ câteva exemple."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1079,7 +1184,7 @@
"Un producÄtor care lanseazÄ un nou model de calculator va plÄti pentru "
"portarea sistemului de operare pe noua maÈinÄ de calcul."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1087,18 +1192,30 @@
"Vânzarea de cursuri, asistenÈÄ Èi servicii de întreÈinere ar putea Èi
ea sÄ "
"implice programatori."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Oamenii care dezvoltÄ idei inovatoare ar putea distribui programele ca "
"âfreewareâ <a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a> , solicitând donaÈii de la "
"utilizatorii mulÈumiÈi sau vânzând servicii de asistenÈÄ. Am întâlnit
"
"persoane care deja lucreazÄ Ã®n felul Ästa, cu succes."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1108,12 +1225,12 @@
"Un grup va semna contracte cu firme de programare, pentru ca ele sÄ scrie "
"anume programe pe care membrii grupului doresc sÄ le utilizeze."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Toate felurile de dezvoltare pot fi finanÈate printr-un impozit pe programe:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1123,7 +1240,7 @@
"<em>x</em> procent din preÈ ca impozit pe programe. Guvernul dÄ aceÈti
bani "
"unei autoritÄÈi, cum ar fi NSF, care sÄ finanÈeze dezvoltarea de
programe."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1137,7 +1254,7 @@
"fi gata. Èi poate obÈine o reducere de impozit de orice valoare, în limita
"
"sumei totale pe care trebuie s-o plÄteascÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1145,20 +1262,20 @@
"Procentul total de impozit poate fi stabilit prin vot de contribuabili, "
"proporÈional cu suma ce le va fi impozitatÄ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Ca urmare:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr ""
"Comunitatea utilizatorilor de calculatoare sprijinÄ dezvoltarea de programe."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "AceastÄ comunitate hotÄrÄÈte ce nivel de asistenÈÄ Ã®i este
necesar."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1166,7 +1283,7 @@
"Utilizatorii care sunt interesaÈi pe ce este cheltuitÄ cota lor de impozit "
"pot alege ei înÈiÈi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1184,7 +1301,7 @@
"familialÄ, repararea roboÈilor Èi mineritul pe asteroizi. Nu va fi nevoie
sÄ-"
"Èi poatÄ câÈtiga existenÈa din scrierea de programe."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1205,11 +1322,11 @@
"producerii de programe. Trebuie sÄ facem asta, pentru ca progresele tehnice "
"care mÄresc productivitatea sÄ Ã®nsemne mai puÈinÄ muncÄ pentru noi."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Note de subsol"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1240,7 +1357,7 @@
"bine. Important este ca oricine deÈine o copie sÄ aibÄ libertatea de a "
"coopera cu alÈii în ceea ce priveÈte folosirea ei."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1254,10 +1371,21 @@
"VedeÈi <a
href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\">âCuvinte "
"Èi fraze care produc confuzieâ</a> pentru mai multe explicaÈii."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1266,11 +1394,11 @@
"afirmaÈia nu este falsÄ - puteÈi obÈine copii ale programelor GNU gratis,
de "
"la prieteni sau prin reÈea. Dar exprimarea sugereazÄ o altÄ idee."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Câteva firme de acest gen existÄ, în prezent."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1283,7 +1411,7 @@
"distribuire propriu. PuteÈi <a href=\"/order/order.html\">comanda obiecte de
"
"la FSF</a> pentru a-i sprijini activitatea."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1291,7 +1419,7 @@
"Prin 1991, câteva firme de calculatoare au colaborat în a colecta fonduri "
"pentru sprijinirea întreÈinerii compilatorului GNU C."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1312,10 +1440,31 @@
"majoritatea programatorilor sÄ câÈtige mai puÈin, într-o lume dominatÄ
de "
"astfel de programe libere."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1335,10 +1484,26 @@
"philosophy/not-ipr.html\">mai multe explicaÈii</a> despre cum rÄspândeÈte
"
"acest termen confuzie Èi tendenÈiozitate."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1377,29 +1542,39 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
-"Muncim din greu Èi facem tot ceea ce ne stÄ Ã®n putinÈÄ sÄ punem la "
-"dispoziÈie traduceri exacte, de o calitate bunÄ. Cu toate acestea, nu "
-"suntem perfecÈi. VÄ rugÄm sÄ ne trimiteÈi comentariile Èi sugestiile
dvs. "
-"generale în aceastÄ privinÈÄ la <a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";
-"\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>\n"
-"<p>Pentru informaÈii despre coordonarea Èi trimiterea de traduceri pentru "
-"paginile noastre, consultaÈi <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations."
-"html\">ghidul de traduceri</a>."
+"PuteÈi vizita <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README-"
+"ul despre traduceri</a> pentru informaÈii despre coordonarea Èi trimiterea "
+"traducerilor pentru acest articol."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014, 2015-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1430,10 +1605,23 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ActualizatÄ:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Muncim din greu Èi facem tot ceea ce ne stÄ Ã®n putinÈÄ sÄ punem la "
+#~ "dispoziÈie traduceri exacte, de o calitate bunÄ. Cu toate acestea, nu "
+#~ "suntem perfecÈi. VÄ rugÄm sÄ ne trimiteÈi comentariile Èi sugestiile
dvs. "
+#~ "generale în aceastÄ privinÈÄ la <a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";
+#~ "\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>\n"
+#~ "<p>Pentru informaÈii despre coordonarea Èi trimiterea de traduceri
pentru "
+#~ "paginile noastre, consultaÈi <a href=\"/server/standards/README."
+#~ "translations.html\">ghidul de traduceri</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/manifesto.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.25
retrieving revision 1.26
diff -u -b -r1.25 -r1.26
--- po/manifesto.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.25
+++ po/manifesto.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.26
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-06-03 17:17+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,18 +15,33 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "ÐаниÑеÑÑ GNU - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "ÐаниÑеÑÑ GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a
+# | href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask
+# | for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was
+# | taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was
+# | updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems
+# | best to leave it unchanged.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -39,7 +54,7 @@
"незнаÑиÑелÑно обновлÑлÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾ÑмеÑиÑÑ
ÑазвиÑие; Ñ ÑеÑ
Ð¿Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑедÑÑавлÑеÑÑÑ "
"наилÑÑÑим оÑÑавиÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ неизменнÑм."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -50,7 +65,7 @@
"могло Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð±ÐµÐ¶Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
. СноÑки,
добавленнÑе наÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñ \n"
"1993 года, помогаÑÑ Ð¿ÑоÑÑниÑÑ ÑÑи
аÑпекÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -62,7 +77,7 @@
"Linux</a>. Ð Ñом, как помоÑÑ, Ñм. на <a
href=\"/help/help.html\">http://www.";
"gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -80,17 +95,30 @@
"philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\">амоÑалÑнÑй подÑ
од</a> к Ñой "
"же ÑÑеÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "ЧÑо Ñакое GNU? GNU — не Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
+# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>-]
+# | {+it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other
+# | volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and
+# | equipment are greatly needed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, ÑÑо ознаÑÐ°ÐµÑ “Gnu's Not Unix” \n"
"(GNU — ÑÑо не Unix),— \n"
@@ -101,7 +129,7 @@
"ÐÑ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÑждаемÑÑ Ð² ÑабоÑиÑ
ÑÑкаÑ
,
денÑгаÑ
, пÑогÑаммаÑ
\n"
"и обоÑÑдовании."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -135,7 +163,7 @@
"ÐÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ÐµÐµÐ¼ÑÑ Ð²ÑдаÑÑ — Ñо
вÑеменем — вÑÑ Ñо полезное, \n"
"ÑÑо обÑÑно поÑÑавлÑеÑÑÑ Ñ ÑиÑÑемой
ÑемейÑÑва Unix, и даже болÑÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -161,7 +189,7 @@
"ÐÐ»Ñ ÑеÑевÑÑ
Ñоединений Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑаемÑÑ
поддеÑживаÑÑ Ð¿ÑоÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ \n"
"UUCP, Internet, а Ñакже Chaosnet ÐаÑÑаÑÑÑеÑÑкого ÑеÑ
нологиÑеÑкого инÑÑиÑÑÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -174,7 +202,7 @@
"ÑабоÑа Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÑка ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° менÑÑиÑ
ÐÐÐ
оÑÑанеÑÑÑ \n"
"на Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ñого, кÑо заÑ
оÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°
ниÑ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -184,11 +212,11 @@
"в Ñлове “GNU”, когда оно \n"
"обознаÑÐ°ÐµÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑ<a href=\"#ft1\">[1]</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶ÐµÐ½ пиÑаÑÑ GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -216,13 +244,26 @@
"оÑÑаваÑÑÑÑ Ð² инÑÑиÑÑÑе, где Ñакое делали
за Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ \n"
"пÑоÑив моей воли."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
+# | to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able
+# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
+# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
+# | [-away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>-] {+away <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑак, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑодолжаÑÑ
\n"
"полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑеÑами без позоÑа, Ñ
ÑеÑил \n"
@@ -231,11 +272,11 @@
"лабоÑаÑоÑии, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ðµ оÑÑавиÑÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑиÑÑÑÑ
никакого законного повода \n"
"ÑдеÑжаÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ñ ÑаздаÑи<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a> GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑовмеÑÑима Ñ Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -249,11 +290,11 @@
"ÑиÑÑема, ÑовмеÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ñ Unix, бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ñдобна \n"
"в оÑвоении Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Ðак GNU бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -269,11 +310,11 @@
"модиÑикаÑии бÑдÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑеÑенÑ. Я Ñ
оÑÑ
гаÑанÑиÑоваÑÑ, ÑÑо \n"
"вÑе веÑÑии GNU оÑÑанÑÑÑÑ ÑвободнÑми."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ðµ пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ Ñ
оÑÑÑ
помоÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -281,7 +322,7 @@
"Я наÑÑл много пÑогÑаммиÑÑов, коÑоÑÑе \n"
"ÑоÑÑвÑÑвÑÑÑ GNU и Ñ
оÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -308,7 +349,7 @@
"дÑмаÑÑ, ÑÑо пÑогÑаммиÑование — ÑÑо
ÑолÑко ÑпоÑоб \n"
"полÑÑиÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñги."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -328,11 +369,11 @@
"пÑогÑаммиÑÑов, коÑоÑÑÑ
Ñ ÑпÑаÑивал, ÑÑо
важное Ñлагаемое ÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, \n"
"коÑоÑое денÑги замениÑÑ Ð½Ðµ могÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Чем Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе помоÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -348,7 +389,7 @@
"ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° <a href=\"/help/help.html\">ÑÑководÑÑве по
помоÑи опеÑаÑионной "
"ÑиÑÑеме GNU</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -357,7 +398,7 @@
"маÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð¸ денÑги. Я пÑизÑÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑаÑÑнÑÑ
Ð»Ð¸Ñ \n"
"пÑиноÑиÑÑ Ð² Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÑд."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -371,7 +412,7 @@
"в жилÑÑ
помеÑениÑÑ
и не нÑждаÑÑимиÑÑ Ð² Ñ
иÑÑоÑмнÑÑ
\n"
"ÑиÑÑемаÑ
оÑ
Ð»Ð°Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ пиÑаниÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -404,7 +445,7 @@
"(ЯдÑо поÑÑебÑÐµÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ ÑеÑного обÑениÑ. Ðад
ним бÑÐ´ÐµÑ \n"
"ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑплоÑÑÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð³ÑÑппа.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -423,20 +464,27 @@
"ÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ ÑабоÑе над GNU, избавив иÑ
Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÑÐ¶Ð´Ñ \n"
"заÑабаÑÑваÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ Ð´ÑÑгим ÑпоÑобом."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Чем ÑÑо бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾ вÑем
полÑзоваÑелÑм компÑÑÑеÑов"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
+# | free, just like [-air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>-] {+air <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðак ÑолÑко GNU бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñана, каждÑй
ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ \n"
"полÑÑиÑÑ Ñ
оÑоÑее ÑиÑÑемное пÑогÑаммное \n"
"обеÑпеÑение Ñак же Ñвободно, как воздÑÑ
.<a
href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -449,7 +497,7 @@
"пÑогÑаммиÑÑов. ÐмеÑÑо ÑÑого иÑ
ÑÑÑд можеÑ
пойÑи \n"
"на ÑазвиÑие Ñже ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑего. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -467,7 +515,7 @@
"компании, владеÑÑей иÑÑ
однÑми ÑекÑÑами и
\n"
"пÑеÑогаÑивой вноÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -486,7 +534,7 @@
"оÑказÑваÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñ ÑÑÑановки опÑеделÑннÑÑ
пÑогÑамм. Я бÑл в знаÑиÑелÑной меÑе "
"вдоÑ
новлÑн ÑÑим."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -496,7 +544,7 @@
"дозволено, а ÑÑо не дозволено делаÑÑ Ñ
ними, \n"
"бÑдÑÑ ÑнÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -525,7 +573,7 @@
"ÑодеÑжаÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑнÑй завод \n"
"поголовнÑм налогом и ÑбÑоÑиÑÑ
пÑоÑивогазÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -535,11 +583,11 @@
"дÑÑ
ание, и Ñак же пÑодÑкÑивно. Ðно должно \n"
"бÑÑÑ Ñак же Ñвободно."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "ÐекоÑоÑÑе легко оÑмеÑаемÑе
возÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑив Ñелей GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -548,7 +596,7 @@
"ÑиÑÑемÑ, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо они не ÑмогÑÑ \n"
"ÑаÑÑÑиÑÑваÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ на какÑÑ
поддеÑжкє</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -556,11 +604,20 @@
"<strong>“ÐÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ Ð±ÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð·Ð°
пÑогÑаммÑ, \n"
"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑжкє</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without
+# | service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU
+# | free ought to be [-profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>-]
+# | {+profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Раз лÑди гоÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ ÑкоÑее плаÑиÑÑ Ð·Ð° GNU \n"
"вмеÑÑе Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑлÑживанием, Ñем взÑÑÑ GNU \n"
@@ -569,7 +626,7 @@
"полÑÑивÑим GNU Ñвободно, должно бÑÑÑ \n"
"пÑибÑлÑнÑм.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -582,7 +639,7 @@
"ÐÑли ваÑа пÑоблема не каÑаеÑÑÑ
доÑÑаÑоÑного \n"
"ÑиÑла лÑдей, пÑоизводиÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿ÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ
оÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -605,7 +662,7 @@
"незанÑÑого компеÑенÑного лиÑа, но поÑÑдок
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ пÑи ÑÑм. "
"GNU не ÑеÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð²ÑеÑ
миÑовÑÑ
пÑоблем, ÑолÑко
некоÑоÑÑе из ниÑ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -616,7 +673,7 @@
"за ниÑ
Ñого, ÑÑо они Ñами легко \n"
"Ð±Ñ Ñделали, но не знаÑÑ, как."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -637,7 +694,7 @@
"одной. Ð Ñо же вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñе из наÑ, ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ
нÑÐ¶Ð½Ñ ÑÑи ÑÑлÑги, ÑмогÑÑ "
"полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммой без оплаÑÑ ÑÑлÑг."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -646,7 +703,7 @@
"ÑекламÑ, а Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑого пÑидÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð·Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÑÑ
плаÑÑ \n"
"за пÑогÑаммє</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -654,7 +711,7 @@
"<strong>“ÐÐµÑ ÑмÑÑла ÑекламиÑоваÑÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ, \n"
"коÑоÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ полÑÑиÑÑ Ñвободно”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -674,12 +731,23 @@
"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑиÑÑ ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ пÑоÑее. Таким
обÑазом, \n"
"за ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÑ ÑолÑко Ñе, ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð°
полезна."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such
+# | companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really
+# | necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want
+# | to let the free market decide [-this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>-]
+# | {+this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"С дÑÑгой ÑÑоÑонÑ, еÑли многие \n"
"полÑÑÐ°Ñ GNU Ð¾Ñ ÑвоиÑ
знакомÑÑ
, и Ñакие \n"
@@ -689,7 +757,7 @@
"ÑÑо пÑивеÑженÑÑ Ñвободного ÑÑнка не Ñ
оÑÑÑ
\n"
"позволиÑÑ ÑеÑиÑÑ ÑÑо ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑнкÑ?<a
href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -701,7 +769,7 @@
# that there will be no software in the realm of competition, rather
# than that software will be somewhere else; so "вÑведеÑ" or
"вÑнеÑеÑ"
# are considered to be slightly worse
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -721,16 +789,25 @@
"занимаеÑеÑÑ Ñем-Ñо дÑÑгим, GNU не даÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñ
вÑÑнÑÑÑ \n"
"в доÑогоÑÑоÑÑее дело ÑоÑговли
опеÑаÑионнÑми ÑиÑÑемами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many
+# | manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to [-each.<a
+# | href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>-] {+each <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Я Ñ
оÑел Ð±Ñ ÑвидеÑÑ, как ÑазÑабоÑÐºÑ GNU \n"
"поддеÑживаÑÑ Ð´Ð°ÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
пÑоизводиÑелей
и \n"
"полÑзоваÑелей, ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶Ð°Ñ ÑÑоимоÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ
каждого.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -739,7 +816,7 @@
"заÑлÑживаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð³ÑÐ°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð°
ÑвоÑÑеÑÑво?”</strong>"
# Ðжегов has no "инноваÑионнÑй"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -756,7 +833,7 @@
"наказаниÑ, еÑли они огÑаниÑиваÑÑ
полÑзование \n"
"ÑÑими пÑогÑаммами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -764,7 +841,7 @@
"<strong>“Ðе должна ли Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑÑа бÑÑÑ \n"
"возможноÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð°
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑвоÑÑеÑÑво?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -776,7 +853,7 @@
"не ÑазÑÑÑиÑелÑнÑ. Ðо ÑÑедÑÑва, обÑÑнÑе в
оÑÑаÑли \n"
"пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑегоднÑ,
оÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑазÑÑÑении."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -792,7 +869,7 @@
"из пÑогÑаммÑ. Ðогда на огÑаниÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð´ÑÑ
ÑмÑÑленно, вÑеднÑе поÑледÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ "
"— ÑÑо ÑмÑÑленное ÑазÑÑÑение."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -813,11 +890,11 @@
"вознагÑаждÑннÑм за ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑвоÑÑеÑÑво не
опÑавдÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ \n"
"лиÑение миÑа в Ñелом вÑего или ÑаÑÑи ÑÑого
ÑвоÑÑеÑÑва."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“Ðе бÑдÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ
голодаÑÑ?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -831,7 +908,7 @@
"пÑоводиÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑ Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ, пÑоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸
голодаÑ. \n"
"ÐÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÐ¼ ÑÑо-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð´ÑÑгое."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -842,7 +919,7 @@
"ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑи на пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ,
возможно, не полÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð¸ гÑоÑа. "
"ÐÑедполагаеÑÑÑ, вÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ниÑего."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -851,13 +928,28 @@
"не бÑдÑÑ Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑÑ — Ñо, ÑÑо они вÑÑ
Ñавно ÑмогÑÑ \n"
"полÑÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð·Ð° пÑогÑаммиÑование,
ÑолÑко не Ñак много, как ÑейÑаÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
+# | the most common [-basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>-] {+basis <a
+# | class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a>+} because it brings in the most money.
+# | If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software business
+# | would move to other bases of organization which are now used less often.
+# | There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"ÐгÑаниÑение копиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ — не
единÑÑвенное, на ÑÑм могÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ "
"оÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑедпÑиÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ пÑоизводÑÑвÑ
пÑогÑамм. Ðа ÑÑо опиÑаÑÑÑÑ ÑаÑе \n"
@@ -868,7 +960,7 @@
"пÑивлекаÑÑÑÑ Ñеже. ÐÑегда еÑÑÑ
многоÑиÑленнÑе ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾ÑганизаÑии "
"пÑедпÑиÑÑий лÑбого Ñода."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -885,7 +977,7 @@
"не бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð½ÐµÑпÑаведливоÑÑÑÑ. (Ðа пÑакÑике
\n"
"они полÑÑали Ð±Ñ Ð²ÑÑ-Ñаки знаÑиÑелÑно
болÑÑе ÑÑого.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -893,7 +985,7 @@
"<strong>“Разве лÑди не имеÑÑ Ð¿Ñава \n"
"конÑÑолиÑоваÑÑ, как иÑполÑзÑеÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
ÑвоÑÑеÑÑво?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -904,13 +996,26 @@
"конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ жизнÑÑ Ð»Ñдей; и обÑÑно \n"
"его иÑполÑзÑÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÑÑдниÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼ жизнÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People who have studied the issue of intellectual property [-rights<a
+# | href=\"#f6\">(8)</a>-] {+rights <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f6\">[8]</a>+} carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no
+# | intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed
+# | intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created
+# | by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Те, кÑо ÑÑаÑелÑно изÑÑил вопÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¾ пÑаваÑ
на \n"
"инÑеллекÑÑалÑнÑÑ ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑÑ<a
href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> \n"
@@ -919,7 +1024,7 @@
"Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ Ñак назÑваемÑÑ
пÑав на
инÑеллекÑÑалÑнÑÑ ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑÑ, коÑоÑÑе \n"
"пÑизнаÑÑÑÑ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑдаÑÑÑвом, ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑобÑми
пÑавовÑми акÑами Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾ÑобÑÑ
Ñелей."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -940,7 +1045,7 @@
"не обÑеменÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑинÑÑво ÑаÑÑнÑÑ
лиÑ,
полÑзÑÑÑиÑ
ÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑованнÑми "
"пÑодÑкÑами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -963,7 +1068,7 @@
"она не обÑеменÑла \n"
"болÑÑинÑÑво лиÑ, ÑиÑавÑиÑ
книги."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -978,7 +1083,7 @@
"ÑлÑÑае Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ ÑпÑоÑиÑÑ: дейÑÑвиÑелÑно
ли Ð¼Ñ \n"
"вÑигÑÑваем, Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ñ Ñакое дозволение?
Ðакого Ñода дейÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñем?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -1000,12 +1105,12 @@
"и маÑеÑиалÑно, и моÑалÑно; в коÑоÑом
лиÑноÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ \n"
"должна ÑÑого делаÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ·Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñимо Ð¾Ñ Ñого,
позволÑÐµÑ Ð»Ð¸ ÑÑо закон."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“ÐонкÑÑенÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²ÐµÐ´ÑÑ Ðº
пÑогÑеÑÑÑ”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -1025,7 +1130,7 @@
"ÑÑÑаÑегии — напÑимеÑ, нападение на
дÑÑгиÑ
бегÑнов. \n"
"ÐÑли бег пеÑейдÑÑ Ð² кÑлаÑнÑй бой, они вÑе
пÑидÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð´Ð½Ð¾."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -1041,7 +1146,7 @@
"Ñдає). Ðа Ñамом деле он должен ÑазнÑÑÑ
\n"
"иÑ
и наказаÑÑ Ð±ÐµÐ³Ñнов за Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ ÑолÑко
попÑÑÐºÑ Ð·Ð°ÑеÑÑÑ Ð´ÑакÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -1049,7 +1154,7 @@
"<strong>“Разве без денежного ÑÑимÑла вÑе \n"
"не пÑекÑаÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -1063,7 +1168,7 @@
"пÑоÑеÑÑионалÑнÑÑ
мÑзÑканÑаÑ
, коÑоÑÑе
пÑодолжаÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑим, даже когда "
"Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð½ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑабоÑаÑÑ ÑÑим на
жизнÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1077,7 +1182,7 @@
"кÑо-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ Ð¿Ñи Ñнижении
денежного \n"
"ÑÑимÑла?” Ðо Ð¼Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑÑ, бÑдÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1093,7 +1198,7 @@
"ÐÑоме Ñого, ÑвоÑÑеÑÑво — ÑÑо
ÑдоволÑÑÑвие и \n"
"нагÑада Ñамо по Ñебе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1102,7 +1207,7 @@
"пÑедÑÑавилÑÑ ÑлÑÑай делаÑÑ ÑÑ Ð¶Ðµ \n"
"инÑеÑеÑнÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ Ð¸ полÑÑаÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ денег."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1118,7 +1223,7 @@
"они могли Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ñом же ÑÑовне, еÑли бÑ
вÑÑокооплаÑиваÑÑие бÑли "
"запÑеÑенÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1127,7 +1232,7 @@
"еÑли они ÑÑебÑÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑекÑаÑили
помогаÑÑ \n"
"Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¶Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑвоемÑ, Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ
повиноваÑÑÑÑ”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1137,12 +1242,12 @@
"обоÑонÑ, Ñем вÑплаÑиÑÑ Ñ
оÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½ ÑенÑ
конÑÑибÑÑии!”<a href=\"#ft2\">[2]"
"</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“ÐÐ¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð¶Ðµ пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ Ñем-Ñо
жиÑÑ!”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1159,7 +1264,7 @@
"на жизнÑ. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð·Ð°Ñ
оÑиÑе, Ñо легко
найдÑÑе дÑÑгие пÑÑи. \n"
"ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÑколÑко пÑимеÑов."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1168,7 +1273,7 @@
"заплаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð° пеÑÐµÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑемÑ
на новÑÑ \n"
"аппаÑаÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1176,18 +1281,30 @@
"ÐÑедпÑиÑÑие, пÑедоÑÑавлÑÑÑее ÑÑлÑги по
обÑÑениÑ, \n"
"помоÑи и поддеÑжке, могло Ð±Ñ Ñакже нанÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммиÑÑов."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware<a
+# | href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,-] {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied users, or
+# | selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working
+# | this way successfully.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñми идеÑми могли Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавлÑÑÑ \n"
"беÑплаÑнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ<a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,
пÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ \n"
"даÑÑ Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑнÑÑ
полÑзоваÑелей или
пÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÑлÑги \n"
"по помоÑи. Я вÑÑÑеÑал лÑдей, коÑоÑÑе Ñже
ÑÑпеÑно ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ñак."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1198,11 +1315,11 @@
"заклÑÑал Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑÑÑкими
компаниÑми договоÑа \n"
"на вÑпÑÑк пÑогÑамм, коÑоÑÑе ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑоÑза Ñ
оÑели Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "ÐÑе Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ ÑазÑабоÑок можно
ÑинанÑиÑоваÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммнÑми налогами:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1214,7 +1331,7 @@
"вÑоде ÐаÑионалÑного наÑÑного Ñонда длÑ
вклада в ÑазвиÑие пÑогÑамм."
# "often": Ðжегов saith "заÑаÑÑÑÑ" is colloquial
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1230,7 +1347,7 @@
"лÑбое колиÑеÑÑво \n"
"пожеÑÑвований, вплоÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ вÑплаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð°
полноÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1239,19 +1356,19 @@
"голоÑованием налогоплаÑелÑÑиков, \n"
"взвеÑеннÑм в ÑооÑвеÑÑÑвии Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð¹
ÑÑммой."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "ÐоÑледÑÑвиÑ:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "ÐбÑеÑÑво полÑзоваÑелей компÑÑÑеÑов
поддеÑÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ ÑазÑабоÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамм."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "ÐÑо обÑеÑÑво опÑеделÑÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ
одимÑй
ÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑжки."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1259,7 +1376,7 @@
"ÐолÑзоваÑели, коÑоÑÑм небезÑазлиÑно, на
какие \n"
"пÑоекÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑаÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
долÑ, могÑÑ Ð²ÑбÑаÑÑ
ÑÑо Ñами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1278,7 +1395,7 @@
"безопаÑноÑÑÑ. \n"
"Там не нÑжна бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
заÑабаÑÑваÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑованием."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1302,11 +1419,11 @@
"ÑокÑаÑение наÑей ÑабоÑÑ."
# type: Content of: <h4>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "ÐÑимеÑаниÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1337,7 +1454,7 @@
"дÑÑгими в ее пÑименении."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1351,10 +1468,21 @@
"Ñм. на ÑÑÑаниÑе “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
"html#GiveAwaySoftware\">Слова и ÑÑазÑ, вводÑÑие в
заблÑждение</a>”."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two
+# | different meanings of [-“free”.-] {+“free.”+} The
+# | statement as it stands is not false—you can get copies of GNU
+# | software at no charge, from your friends or over the net. But it does
+# | suggest the wrong idea.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1363,11 +1491,11 @@
"можеÑе полÑÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ пÑогÑамм GNU
беÑплаÑно — Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÑÑ
или по "
"ÑеÑи. Ðо оно пÑÐµÐ´Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÐµÑнÑÑ Ð¼ÑÑлÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "ÐеÑколÑко ÑакиÑ
компаний Ñже еÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1379,7 +1507,7 @@
"оÑганизаÑиÑ. ÐÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе <a
href=\"/order/order.html\">ÑделаÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð· в Ñонде</"
"a> Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑжки наÑей ÑабоÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1388,7 +1516,7 @@
"компилÑÑоÑа Си GNU."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1409,10 +1537,31 @@
"ожидаÑ, ÑÑо болÑÑинÑÑво пÑоÑеÑÑионалÑнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммиÑÑов бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑе "
"заÑабаÑÑваÑÑ Ð² миÑе ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of
+# | “the issue” of “intellectual [-property”.-]
+# | {+property.”+} That term is obviously biased; more subtle is the
+# | fact that it lumps together various disparate laws which raise very
+# | different issues. Nowadays I urge people to reject the term
+# | “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead others to
+# | suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be clear is
+# | to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term
+# | spreads confusion and bias.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1432,10 +1581,26 @@
"См. <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">далÑнейÑее
обÑÑÑнение</a> Ñого, "
"поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑеÑмин вноÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÑаниÑÑ Ð¸
необÑекÑивноÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software”
+# | and [-“freeware”.-] {+“freeware.”+} The term
+# | “freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but
+# | usually you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of
+# | it is not free software. See “<a
+# | href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and
+# | Phrases</a>” for more explanation.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1482,14 +1647,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
@@ -1500,9 +1671,15 @@
"translations.html\">“Ð ÑководÑÑве по
пеÑеводам”</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014, 2015-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1545,10 +1722,9 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/manifesto.sq.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.sq.po,v
retrieving revision 1.38
retrieving revision 1.39
diff -u -b -r1.38 -r1.39
--- po/manifesto.sq.po 25 Jul 2020 14:01:00 -0000 1.38
+++ po/manifesto.sq.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.39
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-07-25 16:47+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Besnik Bleta <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Shqip <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.3.1\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -22,14 +23,22 @@
msgstr "Manifesti i GNU-së - Projekti GNU - Free Software Foundation"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "Manifesti i GNU-së"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -43,7 +52,7 @@
"është të lihet i pandryshuar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -53,7 +62,7 @@
"të cilat, me ndihmën e një shprehjeje ndryshe, mund të shmangen. "
"Poshtëshënimet e shtuara më 1993 ndihmojnë në kthjellimin e këtyre
pikave."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -65,7 +74,7 @@
"a>. Rreth se si të jepni ndihmesë, shihni <a href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -83,18 +92,25 @@
"së njëjtës fushë."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Ãâështë GNU-ja? Gnu-ja Nuk Ãshtë Unix!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU-ja, që është shkurtim për Gnu's Not Unix, është emri i një sistemi
të "
"plotë software-i, të ngjashëm me Unix, të cilin po e shkruaj që ta jap "
@@ -103,7 +119,7 @@
"pajisje na janë shumë të nevojshme."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -135,7 +151,7 @@
"normalisht vjen me një sistem Unix, dhe më tepër."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -159,7 +175,7 @@
"provojmë të ofrojmë mbulim për UUCP, MIT Chaosnet, dhe protokollet
Internet."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -172,7 +188,7 @@
"atyre që duan ta përdorin në to."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -181,12 +197,12 @@
"në te fjala ‘GNU’, kur është fjala për emrin e projektit."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Pse Duhet Ta Shkruaj GNU-në"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -210,13 +226,20 @@
"institucion ku gjëra të tilla bëhen kundër vullnetit tim."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ndaj që të mund të vazhdoj të përdor kompjuterat pa humbur në nder, kam
"
"vendosur të bëj tok një trupë të mjaftueshme software-i të lirë që
të mund "
@@ -226,12 +249,12 @@
"\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Pse GNU-ja Do Të Jetë i Përputhshëm me Unix-in"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -245,12 +268,12 @@
"tjerë."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Si Do të Mund të Kihet GNU-ja"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -265,12 +288,12 @@
"lejohen. Dua të sigurohem që çdo version i GNU-së do të mbesë i lirë."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Pse Duan të Ndihmojnë Kaq Shumë Programues"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -279,7 +302,7 @@
"duan të ndihmojnë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -304,7 +327,7 @@
"mendojnë se programimi është thjesht një rrugë për të bërë para."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -322,12 +345,12 @@
"është ndjenjë e rëndësishme gëzimi që nuk mund ta zëvendësojë
paraja."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Si Mund të Kontribuoni"
# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -345,7 +368,7 @@
"operativ GNU</a>.)"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -354,7 +377,7 @@
"kërkoj individëve të dhurojnë në formë programesh dhe pune."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -367,7 +390,7 @@
"ftohje ose ushqim të sofistikuar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -399,7 +422,7 @@
"i vogël, i ngushtë.)"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -417,22 +440,26 @@
"fitimit të bukës së përditshme me mënyra të tjera."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Pse Do të Kenë Përfitim të Gjithë Përdoruesit"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Pasi GNU-ja të jetë shkruar, gjithkush do të jetë në gjendje të ketë "
"<em>software</em> sistemi të mirë dhe lirisht, njësoj si ajrin.<a href="
"\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -445,7 +472,7 @@
"gjërave."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -461,7 +488,7 @@
"ndryshimet."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -478,7 +505,7 @@
"programeve. Kjo më ka frymëzuar jo pak."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -487,7 +514,7 @@
"ka ose nuk ka të drejtë të bëjë me të, do të zhduket."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -514,7 +541,7 @@
"tokë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -524,12 +551,12 @@
"lirë."
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Disa Kundërshtime ndaj Synimeve të GNU-së Që Hidhen Poshtë Lehtë"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -538,7 +565,7 @@
"do të thotë se nuk mund të kenë shpresa për asistencë.”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -547,11 +574,16 @@
"dhënie asistence.”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Nëse njerëzit më mirë do të paguanin për GNU-në plus shërbim, se sa
të "
"merrnin GNU-në falas pa shërbim, një shoqëri që do të ofronte thjesht "
@@ -559,7 +591,7 @@
"href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -573,7 +605,7 @@
"qafën!\"."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -594,7 +626,7 @@
"problemet e botës, vetëm disa prej tyre."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -605,7 +637,7 @@
"që nuk dinë se si."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -626,7 +658,7 @@
"shërbimin."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -635,7 +667,7 @@
"të vini një çmim për programin që ta bëni të mundur
këtë.”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -644,7 +676,7 @@
"marrin falas.”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -663,12 +695,18 @@
"prej reklamës paguajnë për të."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Nga ana tjetër, nëse mjaft njerëz e marrin GNU-në nga miq të tyre, dhe "
"shoqëri të tilla nuk kanë sukses, kjo do të tregonte që reklama nuk do
të qe "
@@ -676,7 +714,7 @@
"nuk duan ta lënë tregun e lirë të vendosë këtu?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -685,7 +723,7 @@
"ketë një shans në konkurrencë.”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -706,17 +744,22 @@
"operativë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Do të doja ta shihja zhvillimin e GNU-së të mbështetur përmes dhurimesh
nga "
"plot prodhues dhe përdorues, duke ulur kështu kostot për të dy palët.<a
href="
"\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -725,7 +768,7 @@
"e tyre?”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -740,7 +783,7 @@
"ndëshkohen, në rast se kufizojnë përdorimin e këtyre programeve."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -749,7 +792,7 @@
"kërkonte një shpërblim për krijimtarinë e tij?”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -761,7 +804,7 @@
"shkatërrimin."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -776,7 +819,7 @@
"dashje të kufizimit, pasojat e dëmshme janë shkatërrim me dashje."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -795,12 +838,12 @@
"nuk përligj lënies e botës pa këtë krijimtari ose një pjesë të saj."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“A nuk do të vdesin urie programuesit?”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -814,7 +857,7 @@
"diçka tjetër."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -825,7 +868,7 @@
"ndonjë qindarkë. Pra, sikur të qe ose gjithçka, ose asgjë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -835,13 +878,22 @@
"tani."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Kufizimi i kopjimit nuk është baza e vetme për biznes me software-in.
Ãshtë "
"baza më e zakonshme<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a>, sepse sjell më shumë para. Po
"
@@ -850,7 +902,7 @@
"Gjithmonë ka shumë mënyra për organizimin e çfarëdo lloji biznesi."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -865,7 +917,7 @@
"do të fitonin prapë shumë më tepër se aq.)"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -874,7 +926,7 @@
"krijimtaria e tyre?”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -885,13 +937,20 @@
"më të vështirë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Njerëzit që kanë studiuar me kujdes çështjen e të drejtave të
pronësisë "
"intelektuale<a href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> (juristët, fjala vjen) thonë se nuk ka "
@@ -900,7 +959,7 @@
"akte të veçanta ligjvënieje, për qëllime të veçanta."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -922,7 +981,7 @@
"individëve që përdorin produkte të patentuar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -943,7 +1002,7 @@
"shumicës së individëve që lexojnë libra."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -958,7 +1017,7 @@
"Ãâlloj veprimi po i lejojmë një personi të kryejë?"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -979,14 +1038,14 @@
"person nuk duhej të bënte kështu, pavarësisht se e lejon a jo ligji."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>“Konkurrenca i bën gjërat të bëhen më
mirë.”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -1006,7 +1065,7 @@
"finish."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -1021,7 +1080,7 @@
"ndante, dhe të dënonte vrapuesit edhe nëse vetëm provonin të ziheshin."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -1030,7 +1089,7 @@
"monetare?”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -1044,7 +1103,7 @@
"mund të fitojnë jetesën."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -1057,7 +1116,7 @@
"monetare më të ulët? Përvoja ime tregon se kjo do të ndodhë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1071,7 +1130,7 @@
"ky."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1080,7 +1139,7 @@
"interesante për goxha para."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1095,7 +1154,7 @@
"dalin keq, nëse ato ku paguhet shumë nxirren jashtë loje."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1104,7 +1163,7 @@
"reshtim së ndihmuari fqinjët tanë, duhet të bindemi.”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1113,7 +1172,7 @@
"lloji. Mos harroni: miliona për mbrojtjen, por as edhe një dysh për
tribute!"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
@@ -1121,7 +1180,7 @@
"farë mënyre.”</strong>"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1137,7 +1196,7 @@
"gjenden mënyra të tjera nëse doni tâi gjeni ato. Ja një numër
shembujsh."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1146,7 +1205,7 @@
"sistemeve operative në hardware-in e ri."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1155,11 +1214,18 @@
"shërbime të mirëmbajtjes me pagesë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Njerëzit me ide të reja mund tâi shpërndanin programet si \"freeware\"<a
"
"href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>, duke kërkuar dhurime nga përdorues të kënaqur, ose "
@@ -1167,7 +1233,7 @@
"këtë mënyrë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1178,13 +1244,13 @@
"për shkrim programesh të cilat anëtarët e grupit do të donin tâi
përdornin."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Me një Taksë Software-i mund të financoheshin krejt llojet e programimeve:"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1195,7 +1261,7 @@
"NSF për ta shpenzuar për zhvillim software-i."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1210,7 +1276,7 @@
"gjithsej që i duhet të paguajë për taksën."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1219,24 +1285,24 @@
"të taksës, peshuar në përputhje me sasinë mbi të cilën do të vendoset
taksa."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Pasojat:"
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr ""
"Bashkësia e përdorimit të kompjuterave e mbështet zhvillimin e
<em>software</"
"em>-it."
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Kjo bashkësi vendos se çfarë shkalle mbështetje lypset."
# type: Content of: <ul><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1245,7 +1311,7 @@
"mund ta zgjedhin vetë këtë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1264,7 +1330,7 @@
"ketë nevojë të jesh në gjendje të sigurosh jetesën nga programimi."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1284,12 +1350,12 @@
"Duhet ta bëjmë këtë, me qëllim që përfitimet teknike në prodhimtari
të "
"pasqyrohen si më pak punë për ne."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Poshtëshënime"
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1321,7 +1387,7 @@
"bashkëpunojë me të tjerët gjatë përdorimit të saj."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1336,10 +1402,16 @@
"html#GiveAwaySoftware\"> <q>Fjalë dhe Fjali Që të Ngatërrojnë</q></a>."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1349,12 +1421,12 @@
"prej miqve apo nga rrjeti. Por ta shpie mendjen te ideja e gabuar."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Ekzistojnë disa shoqëri të tilla."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1367,7 +1439,7 @@
"order.html\">porosisni gjëra prej FSF-së</a>."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1376,7 +1448,7 @@
"të mirëmbajtjes së përpiluesit GNU C Compiler."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1397,10 +1469,21 @@
"botën e software-it të lirë."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1422,10 +1505,19 @@
"njëanshmëri."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1460,6 +1552,7 @@
"të dërgohen te <a href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu."
"org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1467,14 +1560,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Përpiqemi fort dhe bëjmë sa mundemi për të ofruar përkthime me cilësi
të "
@@ -1487,9 +1585,13 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Të drejta kopjimi © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, "
"2014, 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/manifesto.sr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.sr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.30
retrieving revision 1.31
diff -u -b -r1.30 -r1.31
--- po/manifesto.sr.po 31 May 2021 09:06:18 -0000 1.30
+++ po/manifesto.sr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.31
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2008-08-13 20:12+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Strahinya Radich <vilinkamen@mail.ru>\n"
"Language-Team: Serbian <www-sr-dev@lists.gnu.org>\n"
@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "ÐаниÑеÑÑ ÐÐУ-а â ÐÑоÑÐµÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐУ â
ÐадÑжбина за Ñлободни ÑоÑÑвеÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "ÐаниÑеÑÑ ÐÐУ-а"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
#| "it was updated in minor ways to account for developments, but now it "
#| "seems best to leave it unchanged as most people have seen it."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
"Ñада изгледа да Ñе наÑбоÑе да Ñе оÑÑави
неизмеÑен ÑÐµÑ Ð³Ð° Ñе видела веÑина "
"ÑÑди."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings "
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
"избегнÑÑи дÑÑгаÑиÑим избоÑом ÑеÑи.
ФÑÑноÑе додане 1993. Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ð¶Ñ Ð´Ð° Ñе Ñи "
"делови ÑазÑаÑне."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "For up-to-date information about the available GNU software, please see "
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
"инÑоÑмаÑиÑе о наÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° коÑи нам можеÑе
помоÑи, погледаÑÑе <a href=\"/help/"
"help.html\">http://www.gnu.org/help/help.html</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -92,24 +92,31 @@
"open-source-misses-the-point.html\">amoral approach</a> to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "ШÑа Ñе ÐÐУ? ÐÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñе УникÑ!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"ÐÐУ, ÑÑо знаÑи ÐÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñе УникÑ, Ñе назив
поÑпÑног ÑоÑÑвеÑÑког ÑиÑÑема "
"ÑаглаÑног Ñа УникÑом, коÑи пиÑем да биÑ
га
беÑплаÑно дао Ñвима коÑи Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð´Ð° "
"га коÑиÑÑе. <a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Ðомаже ми
неколиÑина дÑÑгиÑ
добÑовоÑаÑа. "
"ÐÑилози Ñ Ð²ÑеменÑ, новÑÑ, пÑогÑамима и
опÑеми ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ веома поÑÑебни."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -137,7 +144,7 @@
"докÑменÑаÑиÑом. Ðадамо Ñе да Ñемо на кÑаÑÑ
обезбедиÑи Ñве оне коÑиÑне ÑÑваÑи "
"коÑе Ñе обиÑно иÑпоÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ñа ÑиÑÑемом
Ð£Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð¸ виÑе од Ñога."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -159,7 +166,7 @@
"као ÑиÑÑемÑки пÑогÑамÑки ÑезиÑи.
ÐокÑÑаÑемо да подÑжимо <em>UUCP</em>, ÐÐТ-"
"ов ХаоÑÐ½ÐµÑ Ð¸ ÐнÑеÑнеÑÑке пÑоÑоколе за
комÑниÑиÑаÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -170,7 +177,7 @@
"68000/16000, ÑÐµÑ ÑÑ Ð¾Ð½Ðµ наÑлакÑе за
пÑилагоÑаваÑе. ÐодаÑни ÑÑÑд да Ñе он "
"пÑилагоди маÑим маÑинама Ñе оÑÑавÑен
неком ко жели да га коÑиÑÑи на Ñима."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -179,11 +186,11 @@
"изговаÑаÑе као âÐâ, када Ñе Ñа ÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ñи
на Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑекаÑ.<sup><a href="
"\"#TransNote1\">[1]</a></sup>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "ÐаÑÑо моÑам да напÑавим ÐÐУ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -205,7 +212,7 @@
"негоÑÑоÑÑбивоÑÑима, али на кÑаÑÑ ÑÑ
пÑеÑеÑали: ниÑам могао да оÑÑанем Ñ "
"инÑÑиÑÑÑиÑи где ми Ñе Ñако неÑÑо намеÑе
пÑоÑив моÑе воÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
@@ -217,19 +224,19 @@
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðако биÑ
могао да наÑÑавим да коÑиÑÑим
ÑаÑÑнаÑе ÑиÑÑа обÑаза, одлÑÑио Ñам да "
"ÑаÑÑавим довоÑан коÑпÑÑ Ñлободног
ÑоÑÑвеÑа како биÑ
био Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ÑÑноÑÑи да "
"ÑопÑÑе не коÑиÑÑим ÑоÑÑÐ²ÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾Ñи ниÑе
Ñлободан. ÐапÑÑÑио Ñам ÐÐРкако биÑ
"
"ÑÑкÑаÑио ÐÐТ-Ñ Ñваки пÑавни Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð° ме
ÑпÑеÑе од ÑаÑподеле ÐÐУ-а."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "ÐаÑÑо Ñе ÐÐУ биÑи ÑаглаÑан Ñа УникÑом"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -241,11 +248,11 @@
"без ÑиÑ
овог кваÑеÑа. ÐÑим Ñога, ÑиÑÑем
ÑаглаÑан Ñа УникÑом би многи "
"пÑиÑ
ваÑили."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Ðако Ñе ÐÐУ биÑи доÑÑÑпан"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -259,18 +266,18 @@
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">влаÑниÑке</a> измене неÑе
биÑи дозвоÑене. ХоÑÑ Ð´Ð° "
"оÑигÑÑам да Ñве веÑзиÑе ÐÐУ-а оÑÑанÑ
Ñлободне."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "ÐаÑÑо многи пÑогÑамеÑи желе да
помогнÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
msgstr ""
"ÐаÑао Ñам много дÑÑгиÑ
пÑогÑамеÑа коÑи ÑÑ
загÑеÑани за ÐÐУ и желе да помогнÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -294,7 +301,7 @@
"лагодно ни Ñа Ñедним избоÑом. Ðни поÑÑаÑÑ
ÑиниÑни и поÑиÑÑ Ð´Ð° миÑле да Ñе "
"пÑогÑамиÑаÑе Ñамо наÑин за ÑÑиÑаÑе новÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -310,11 +317,11 @@
"ÑоÑÑвеÑ. Ðа Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамеÑа Ñа коÑима
ÑазговаÑам, ово Ñе важна вÑÑÑа "
"ÑÑеÑе коÑÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ðµ може да замени."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Ðако можеÑе помоÑи"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.";
@@ -337,7 +344,7 @@
"наÑине на коÑе можеÑе помоÑи, погледаÑÑе <a
href=\"/help/help.html\">http://";
"www.gnu.org/help/help.html</a>.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -345,7 +352,7 @@
"Ðолим пÑоизвоÑаÑе ÑаÑÑнаÑа за пÑилоге Ñ
маÑинама и новÑÑ. Ðолим поÑединÑе за "
"пÑилоге Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамима и ÑадÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -357,7 +364,7 @@
"ÑпÑемни за ÑпоÑÑебÑ, дозвоÑени за
ÑпоÑÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ñ ÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð¾Ð½Ð¸, и без поÑÑебе "
"за компликованим Ñ
лаÑеÑем или напаÑаÑем."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -385,7 +392,7 @@
"изводÑив задаÑак. (ÐезгÑо Ñе заÑ
ÑеваÑи
Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð¶Ñ ÑаÑадÑÑ Ð¸ Ñега Ñе ÑазвиÑаÑи "
"маÑа, компакÑниÑа гÑÑпа.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -401,23 +408,23 @@
"омогÑÑаваÑа поÑвеÑеним ÑÑдима да поÑвеÑе
ÑиÑ
Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ½Ñ ÑÐ½Ð°Ð³Ñ ÑÐ°Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð° ÐÐУ-Ñ "
"поÑÑеÑÑÑÑÑи иÑ
поÑÑебе да заÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°
Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð° дÑÑги наÑин."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "ÐаÑÑо Ñе Ñви коÑиÑниÑи ÑаÑÑнаÑа имаÑи
коÑиÑÑи"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðада Ñе Ñедном напÑави ÐÐУ, Ñвако Ñе моÑи
да набави Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑки ÑоÑÑÐ²ÐµÑ "
"беÑплаÑно, Ð±Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ°Ð¾ ÑÑо диÑе ваздÑÑ
.<a
href=\"#f2\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -427,7 +434,7 @@
"Ñе избеÑи много непоÑÑебног
ÑдвоÑÑÑÑÑаваÑа ÑÑÑда Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑком
пÑогÑамиÑаÑÑ. "
"ÐÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑд може да Ñе ÑмеÑÑо Ñога ÑÑмеÑи Ñ
ÑнапÑеÑиваÑе могÑÑноÑÑи ÑоÑÑвеÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -441,7 +448,7 @@
"ÐоÑиÑниÑи виÑе неÑе биÑи пÑепÑÑÑени на
милоÑÑ Ð¸ немилоÑÑ Ñедном пÑогÑамеÑÑ "
"или ÑиÑми коÑа поÑедÑÑе извоÑни код а Ñ
позиÑиÑи Ñе да Ñедина меÑа ÑоÑÑвеÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -457,7 +464,7 @@
"пÑидÑжавали Ñог пÑавила, одбиÑаÑÑÑи да
инÑÑалиÑаÑÑ Ð¾Ð´ÑеÑене пÑогÑаме. То ме "
"Ñе веома инÑпиÑиÑало."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -465,7 +472,7 @@
"Ðа кÑаÑÑ, пÑеÑÑаÑе ÑÑвиÑна ÑазмаÑÑаÑа о
Ñоме ко поÑедÑÑе ÑиÑÑемÑки ÑоÑÑвеÑ, "
"и ÑÑа Ñа Ñим Ñме а ÑÑа не Ñме да Ñе Ñади."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -490,7 +497,7 @@
"ÐоÑе Ñе подÑжаÑи ÑабÑÐ¸ÐºÑ Ð²Ð°Ð·Ð´ÑÑ
а поÑезом
по глави ÑÑановника и оÑаÑаÑиÑи Ñе "
"маÑки."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -499,11 +506,11 @@
"и диÑаÑе, и иÑÑо Ñолико пÑодÑкÑивно. Ð
моÑало би да бÑде иÑÑо Ñолико "
"беÑплаÑно."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Ðеки пÑиговоÑи ÑиÑевима ÐÐУ-а коÑи Ñе
Ñа лакоÑом оповÑгаваÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -511,7 +518,7 @@
"<strong>âÐико га неÑе коÑиÑÑиÑи ако Ñе
беÑплаÑан, ÑÐµÑ Ñо знаÑи да Ñе не може "
"поÑздаÑи Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÑкÑ.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -519,7 +526,7 @@
"<strong>âÐоÑа Ñе плаÑиÑи за пÑогÑам да би Ñе
плаÑило обезбеÑиваÑе подÑÑке.â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
@@ -528,13 +535,13 @@
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðко би ÑÑди ÑадиÑе плаÑили за ÐÐУ и
подÑÑÐºÑ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ набавили ÐÐУ беÑплаÑно без "
"подÑÑке, ÑиÑма коÑа обезбеÑÑÑе Ñамо
подÑÑÐºÑ ÑÑдима коÑи ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÐÐУ "
"беÑплаÑно би ÑÑебало да бÑде
пÑоÑиÑабилна.<a href=\"#f3\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -546,7 +553,7 @@
"пÑодаваÑа ÑоÑÑвеÑа. Ðко Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблем не
мÑÑи довоÑно ÑÑди, пÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ñ Ñе вам "
"ÑеÑи да Ñе гÑбиÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -565,7 +572,7 @@
"не поÑÑоÑи компеÑенÑна оÑоба, али за оваÑ
пÑоблем ниÑе кÑив наÑин ÑаÑподеле. "
"ÐÐУ не ÑеÑава Ñве ÑвеÑÑке пÑоблеме, веÑ
Ñамо неке од ÑиÑ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -574,7 +581,7 @@
"У меÑÑвÑеменÑ, коÑиÑниÑима коÑи не знаÑÑ
ниÑÑа о ÑаÑÑнаÑима Ñе поÑÑебно "
"одÑжаваÑе: обавÑаÑе поÑлова коÑе би они
лако ÑÑадили, Ñамо ÑÑо не знаÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -592,7 +599,7 @@
"они од Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ñима подÑÑка ниÑе поÑÑебна Ñе
моÑи да коÑиÑÑе пÑогÑам без "
"поÑÑебе да плаÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÑкÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -600,7 +607,7 @@
"<strong>âÐе можеÑе да доÑегнеÑе много ÑÑди
без Ñекламе, а да биÑÑе Ñо "
"омогÑÑили моÑаÑе да наплаÑÑÑеÑе за
пÑогÑам.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -608,7 +615,7 @@
"<strong>âÐе вÑеди ÑекламиÑаÑи пÑогÑам коÑи
ÑÑди Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð´Ð° добиÑÑ Ð±ÐµÑплаÑно.â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -625,7 +632,7 @@
"ÑекламиÑаÑе и ÑÑвоÑи заÑадÑ. Ðа ÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñин
Ñе га плаÑаÑи Ñамо коÑиÑниÑи коÑи "
"имаÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑи од ÑекламиÑаÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
@@ -636,14 +643,14 @@
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Са дÑÑге ÑÑÑане, Ñколико много ÑÑди добиÑе
ÐÐУ од ÑвоÑиÑ
пÑиÑаÑеÑа, и Ñакве "
"ÑиÑме не ÑÑпеÑÑ, ово Ñе показаÑи да
Ñеклама ниÑе била ÑÑваÑно поÑÑебна за "
"ÑиÑеÑе ÐÐУ-а. ÐаÑÑо заговоÑниÑи Ñлободног
ÑÑжиÑÑа не пÑÑÑе Ñлободно ÑÑжиÑÑе "
"да о овоме Ñамо одлÑÑи?<a href=\"#f4\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -651,7 +658,7 @@
"<strong>âÐоÑÐ¾Ñ ÑиÑми Ñе за оÑÑваÑиваÑе
пÑедноÑÑи над конкÑÑенÑиÑом поÑÑебан "
"влаÑниÑки опеÑаÑивни ÑиÑÑем.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -669,25 +676,26 @@
"Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблем. Ðко Ñе ваÑа делаÑноÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑÑо
дÑÑго, ÐÐУ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ðµ ÑпаÑÑи од "
"ÑвлаÑеÑа Ñ ÑкÑпи поÑао пÑодаÑе
опеÑаÑивниÑ
ÑиÑÑема."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ðолео биÑ
да видим како Ñе изгÑадÑа ÐÐУ-а
подÑжава поклонима великог бÑоÑа "
"пÑоизвоÑаÑа и коÑиÑника, ÑмаÑÑÑÑÑи
ÑÑоÑкове за Ñве.<a href=\"#f5\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âÐÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамеÑи не заÑлÑжÑÑÑ
нагÑÐ°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° кÑеаÑивноÑÑ?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -701,7 +709,7 @@
"иноваÑивниÑ
пÑогÑама, по Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñи
заÑлÑжÑÑÑ Ð¸ да бÑÐ´Ñ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ñени ако "
"ÑпÑеÑаваÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑеÑе ÑиÑ
пÑогÑама."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -709,7 +717,7 @@
"<strong>âÐÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамеÑÑ Ð½Ðµ би ÑÑебало
дозволиÑи да ÑÑажи нагÑÐ°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° ÑвоÑÑ "
"кÑеаÑивноÑÑ?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -719,7 +727,7 @@
"пÑиÑ
од, Ñве док Ñе не коÑиÑÑе деÑÑÑÑкÑивна
ÑÑедÑÑва. Ðли ÑÑедÑÑва коÑа ÑÑ "
"Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑобиÑаÑена на поÑÑ ÑоÑÑвеÑа ÑÑ
заÑнована на деÑÑÑÑкÑиÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -733,7 +741,7 @@
"добиÑа од пÑогÑама. Ðада Ñе намеÑно
одлÑÑено да Ñе огÑаниÑи, ÑÑеÑне "
"поÑледиÑе Ñе одлÑке пÑедÑÑавÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ÐµÑнÑ
деÑÑÑÑкÑиÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -751,11 +759,11 @@
"жеÑа да Ñе бÑде нагÑаÑен за кÑеаÑивноÑÑ Ð½Ðµ
опÑавдава лиÑаваÑе ÑвеÑа Ñ Ñелини "
"Ñе кÑеаÑивноÑÑи или Ñеног дела."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âÐеÑе ли пÑогÑамеÑи ÑмÑеÑи од
глади?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -767,7 +775,7 @@
"ниÑмо оÑÑÑени да пÑоведемо живоÑе Ñ
ÑÑаÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑлиÑи и кÑевеÑеÑÑ, и "
"гладоваÑÑ. ÐедноÑÑавно, Ñадимо неÑÑо
дÑÑго."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -777,7 +785,7 @@
"поÑÑавио Ñо пиÑаÑе да пÑогÑамеÑима неÑе
биÑи иÑплаÑен ни Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ· "
"влаÑниÑÑва над ÑоÑÑвеÑом. Све или ниÑÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -785,7 +793,7 @@
"ÐеÑÑÑим, пÑави Ñазлог заÑÑо пÑогÑамеÑи
неÑе ÑмÑеÑи од глади Ñе ÑÑо Ñе ÑÐ¾Ñ "
"Ñвек биÑи могÑÑе да бÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñени за
пÑогÑамиÑаÑе, Ñамо не Ñолико као Ñада."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
@@ -795,10 +803,11 @@
#| "always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"СпÑеÑаваÑе копиÑаÑа ниÑе Ñедина оÑнова за
поÑловаÑе заÑновано на ÑоÑÑвеÑÑ. "
"То Ñе наÑÑеÑÑа оÑнова ÑÐµÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ñи наÑвиÑе
новÑа. Ðад би било забÑаÑено или "
@@ -806,7 +815,7 @@
"оÑганизаÑиÑе коÑи Ñе Ñада ÑеÑе коÑиÑÑе.
Увек поÑÑоÑе Ñазни наÑини да Ñе "
"оÑганизÑÑе било коÑи поÑао."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -819,7 +828,7 @@
"ÑадаÑÑиÑ
плаÑа пÑодаваÑа. Ðада би
пÑогÑамеÑи иÑÑо Ñолико заÑаÑивали, и Ñо би "
"била непÑавда. (У пÑакÑи би они и даÑе
знаÑаÑно виÑе заÑаÑивали.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -827,7 +836,7 @@
"<strong>âÐÐ°Ñ ÑÑди немаÑÑ Ð¿Ñаво да конÑÑолиÑÑ
како им Ñе коÑиÑÑи "
"кÑеаÑивноÑÑ?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -836,7 +845,7 @@
"âÐонÑÑола над коÑиÑÑеÑем идеÑаâ запÑаво
пÑедÑÑавÑа конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ живоÑима "
"дÑÑгиÑ
ÑÑди, и обиÑно Ñе коÑиÑÑи да им
загоÑÑа живоÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
@@ -845,18 +854,18 @@
#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди коÑи ÑÑ Ð¿Ð°Ð¶Ñиво пÑоÑÑавали пиÑаÑе
пÑава инÑелекÑÑалне ÑвоÑине<a href="
"\"#f6\">(6)</a> (на пÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑавниÑи) ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ñ Ð´Ð° не
поÑÑоÑе ÑÑÑÑинÑка пÑава на "
"инÑелекÑÑÐ°Ð»Ð½Ñ ÑвоÑинÑ. ÐÑÑÑе ÑакозваниÑ
пÑава на инÑелекÑÑÐ°Ð»Ð½Ñ ÑвоÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ñе "
"пÑопиÑÑÑе влада ÑÑ ÑÑвоÑене поÑебним
пÑавним акÑима Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑне ÑвÑÑ
е."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -875,7 +884,7 @@
"ÑпоÑеде Ñа ÑÑпоÑÑавÑаÑем пÑоизводÑе,
паÑенÑи ÑеÑÑо не Ñине много ÑÑеÑе. Ðни "
"не ÑмеÑаÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑини поÑединаÑа коÑи коÑиÑÑе
паÑенÑиÑане пÑоизводе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -894,7 +903,7 @@
"пÑеко ÑÑампаÑÑке пÑеÑе â он Ñе Ñинио мало
ÑÑеÑе, и ниÑе пÑедÑÑавÑао пÑепÑÐµÐºÑ "
"веÑини поÑединаÑа коÑи ÑиÑаÑÑ ÐºÑиге."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -907,7 +916,7 @@
"коÑиÑÑи. Ðли Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑаÑиÑи
моÑамо да Ñе запиÑамо: да ли Ñе за Ð½Ð°Ñ "
"боÑе да дозволимо Ñакво лиÑенÑиÑаÑе? Ðа
ÑÑа овлаÑÑÑÑемо одÑеÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑобÑ?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -926,12 +935,12 @@
"као Ñелини и маÑеÑиÑално и дÑÑ
овно, а Ñо не
би Ñмела да Ñади без обзиÑа на "
"Ñо да ли ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð½ Ñо дозвоÑава или не."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âУз конкÑÑенÑиÑÑ Ñе боÑе
Ñади.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -948,7 +957,7 @@
"Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð´Ð° ÑазвиÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгаÑиÑе ÑÑÑаÑегиÑе, као
ÑÑо Ñе нападаÑе дÑÑгиÑ
ÑÑкаÑа. Ðко "
"Ñе ÑÑкаÑи поÑÑкÑ, Ñви Ñе закаÑниÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -961,7 +970,7 @@
"Ñамо пÑопиÑÑÑе (âÐа ÑвакиÑ
деÑÐµÑ Ð¼ÐµÑаÑа
пÑоÑивника можеÑе да ÑдаÑиÑе "
"Ñедномâ). Ð ÑÑебало би да иÑ
ÑаздвоÑи и
казни за Ñам покÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -969,7 +978,7 @@
"<strong>âÐеÑе ли Ñви пÑеÑÑаÑи да
пÑогÑамиÑаÑÑ Ð±ÐµÐ· новÑаног подÑÑиÑаÑа?â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -981,7 +990,7 @@
"ÑÑ Ñ ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑбоÑи. Ðе маÑка пÑоÑеÑионалниÑ
мÑзиÑаÑа коÑи Ñе баве мÑзиком, "
"иако Ñако не поÑÑоÑи нада да Ñиме заÑаде
за живоÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -993,7 +1002,7 @@
"пиÑаÑе Ñе да ли Ñе ико пÑогÑамиÑаÑи Ñа
ÑмаÑеним новÑаним подÑÑиÑаÑем? ÐоÑе "
"иÑкÑÑÑво показÑÑе да Ñ
оÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -1006,7 +1015,7 @@
"нагÑада: на пÑимеÑ, ÑÐ»Ð°Ð²Ñ Ð¸ заÑ
валноÑÑ.
ÐÑим Ñога, кÑеаÑивноÑÑ Ñе и забавна, "
"ÑÑо Ñе Ñамо по Ñеби нагÑада."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -1014,7 +1023,7 @@
"Ðли, када им Ñе понÑÑена пÑилика да
обавÑаÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑи инÑеÑеÑанÑан поÑао за "
"много новÑа, веÑина ÑиÑ
Ñе напÑÑÑила
поÑао."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1028,7 +1037,7 @@
"заÑадама, али Ñе Ñо не би деÑавало Ñколико
би оне Ñа веÑим заÑадама биле "
"забÑаÑене."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1036,7 +1045,7 @@
"<strong>âÐÑаÑниÑки ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ поÑÑебни
пÑогÑамеÑи. Уколико они заÑ
ÑеваÑÑ Ð´Ð° "
"пÑеÑÑанемо да помажемо ближÑима, моÑамо
да иÑ
поÑлÑÑамо.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1045,12 +1054,12 @@
"Ñе: âÐилионе за одбÑанÑ, али ни динаÑа за Ñ
аÑаÑ!â<sup><a href="
"\"#TransNote2\">[2]</a></sup>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âÐÑогÑамеÑи моÑаÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾ да
заÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð° живоÑ.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1064,7 +1073,7 @@
"наÑвиÑе новÑа, а не заÑо ÑÑо Ñе Ñедини
наÑин да Ñе заÑаÑÑÑе за живоÑ. Ðако "
"Ñе наÑи дÑÑге наÑине Ñколико желиÑе да иÑ
наÑеÑе. Ðво неколико пÑимеÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1072,13 +1081,13 @@
"ÐÑоизвоÑÐ°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ñи напÑави Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑÑ
ÑаÑÑнаÑа Ñе плаÑиÑи за пÑилагоÑаваÑе "
"опеÑаÑивног ÑиÑÑема новом Ñ
аÑдвеÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
msgstr "ÐÑодаÑа ÑÑлÑга обÑке и одÑжаваÑа може
ÑакоÑе да ÑпоÑли пÑогÑамеÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
@@ -1086,15 +1095,16 @@
#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
#| "successfully."
msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди Ñа новим идеÑама би могли да
ÑаÑподеÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаме као ÑÑивеÑ<a href="
"\"#f7\">(7)</a>, ÑÑажеÑи пÑилоге од задовоÑниÑ
коÑиÑника, или пÑодаÑÑÑи "
"ÑÑлÑге одÑжаваÑа. СÑеÑао Ñам ÑÑде коÑи веÑ
ÑÑпеÑно Ñаде на Ñакав наÑин."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1104,11 +1114,11 @@
"ÑланаÑинÑ. ÐÑÑпа би Ñклопила ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ñа
пÑогÑамеÑÑким ÑиÑмама да пиÑÑ "
"пÑогÑаме коÑе би Ñланови гÑÑпе желели да
коÑиÑÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "Све вÑÑÑе изгÑадÑе Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ñе
ÑинанÑиÑаÑи ÑоÑÑвеÑÑким поÑезом:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1119,7 +1129,7 @@
"ÑÑо Ñе ÐÐС (ÐаÑионална задÑжбина за
ÑоÑÑвеÑ) за покÑиваÑе ÑÑоÑкова ÑазвоÑа "
"ÑоÑÑвеÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1133,7 +1143,7 @@
"бÑде заÑлÑжан за било коÑи Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ñилога
до пÑног изноÑа поÑеза коÑи Ñе "
"моÑао да плаÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1141,19 +1151,19 @@
"УкÑпни поÑез би могао да бÑде изабÑан
глаÑаÑем опоÑезованиÑ
, и изваган Ñ "
"ÑÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ñа изноÑом коÑи Ñе им биÑи
наплаÑен."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "ÐоÑледиÑе би биле ÑледеÑе:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "ÐаÑедниÑа коÑиÑника ÑаÑÑнаÑа би
подÑжавала изгÑадÑÑ ÑоÑÑвеÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Ðва заÑедниÑа би одлÑÑивала о Ñоме
коÑи ниво подÑÑке ÑÐ¾Ñ Ñе поÑÑебан."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1161,7 +1171,7 @@
"ÐоÑиÑниÑи коÑи поÑвеÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð°Ð¶ÑÑ
Ñоме на коÑе пÑоÑекÑе Ñе поÑÑоÑен "
"ÑиÑ
ов део Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ Ñами да изабеÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1179,7 +1189,7 @@
"иÑÑÑаживаÑе аÑÑеÑоида. ÐеÑе биÑи поÑÑебе
да Ñе заÑаÑÑÑе за Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð´ "
"пÑогÑамиÑаÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1198,11 +1208,11 @@
"пÑоизводÑи ÑоÑÑвеÑа. Ðи Ñо моÑамо да
ÑÑадимо, како би Ñе ÑеÑ
ниÑки добиÑи Ñ "
"пÑодÑкÑивноÑÑи пÑеÑвоÑили Ñ ÑмаÑеÑе
поÑла коÑи моÑамо да обавимо."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "ФÑÑноÑе"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1231,7 +1241,7 @@
"ÑнапÑеÑеÑÑ ÑоÑÑвеÑа, Ñим боÑе. ÐиÑно Ñе да
Ñвако ко поÑедÑÑе пÑимеÑак има "
"ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð° ÑаÑаÑÑÑе Ñ Ñеговом коÑиÑÑеÑÑ
Ñа дÑÑгима."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1240,10 +1250,16 @@
"\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1253,11 +1269,11 @@
"пÑимеÑке ÐÐУ-овог ÑоÑÑвеÑа беÑплаÑно, од
ваÑиÑ
пÑиÑаÑеÑа или пÑеко мÑеже. "
"Ðли она наводи на погÑеÑан закÑÑÑак."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "ÐÐ°Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑоÑи неколико ÑаквиÑ
ÑиÑми."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1268,7 +1284,7 @@
"ÑаÑподелÑ, иако Ñе добÑоÑвоÑна
оÑганизаÑиÑа, а не ÑиÑма. ÐожеÑе и да <a href="
"\"/order/order.html\">наÑÑÑÑÑеÑе ÑÑваÑи од ÐСС-а</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1276,7 +1292,7 @@
"Ðеколико ÑаÑÑнаÑÑкиÑ
ÑиÑми Ñе 1991.
ÑпонзоÑиÑало одÑжаваÑе ÐÐУ-овог "
"пÑеводиоÑа за Це."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1288,10 +1304,21 @@
"less in a free software world."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1310,10 +1337,19 @@
"ÐогледаÑÑе <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">даÑе
обÑаÑÑеÑе</a> наÑина на "
"коÑи Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ñаз ÑиÑи конÑÑзиÑÑ Ð¸
двоÑмиÑленоÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1350,6 +1386,7 @@
"везе и дÑÑге иÑпÑавке (или пÑедлоге) на
адÑеÑÑ <a href=\"mailto:mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><mailto:webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1357,22 +1394,24 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ðолимо да погледаÑе <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
"\">ÐÐ ÐЧÐТÐÐÐРза пÑеводе</a> за виÑе
инÑоÑмаÑиÑа о кооÑдиниÑаÑÑ Ð¸ ÑлаÑÑ "
-"пÑевода овог Ñланка. (Ðа допÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑÑпÑком
пÑеводÑ, коÑиÑно Ñе да погледаÑе и "
-"<a href=\"http://alas.matf.bg.ac.rs/~mr99164/uput/kakoda-prevodim-gnu-ov-veb.";
-"html\"> ÐÐÐÐÐРпÑeводим ÐÐУ-ов веб</a>.)"
+"пÑевода овог Ñланка."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
@@ -1380,8 +1419,8 @@
#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008 Free Software "
#| "Foundation, Inc.,"
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"<b>ÐÑÑоÑÑка пÑава:</b><br />Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003,
2005, 2007, "
"2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1418,6 +1457,18 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ÐжÑÑиÑано:"
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ðолимо да погледаÑе <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ÐÐ ÐЧÐТÐÐÐРза пÑеводе</a> за виÑе
инÑоÑмаÑиÑа о кооÑдиниÑаÑÑ Ð¸ ÑлаÑÑ "
+#~ "пÑевода овог Ñланка. (Ðа допÑиноÑ
ÑÑпÑком пÑеводÑ, коÑиÑно Ñе да "
+#~ "погледаÑе и <a
href=\"http://alas.matf.bg.ac.rs/~mr99164/uput/kakoda-";
+#~ "prevodim-gnu-ov-veb.html\"> ÐÐÐÐÐРпÑeводим ÐÐУ-ов
веб</a>.)"
+
# type: Content of: <p>
#~ msgid ""
#~ "For up-to-date information about the available GNU software, please see "
Index: po/manifesto.sv.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.sv.po,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/manifesto.sv.po 2 Jun 2015 18:00:35 -0000 1.3
+++ po/manifesto.sv.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.4
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -21,29 +21,35 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU-manifestet - GNU Projektet - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "GNU-manifestet"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | {+The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written+} by [-Richard
+# | Stallman-] {+<a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a> in
+# | 1985 to ask for support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of
+# | the text was taken from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987,
+# | it was updated in minor ways to account for developments; since then, it
+# | seems best to leave it unchanged.+}
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "by Richard Stallman"
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
"to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it unchanged."
msgstr "av Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
"these points."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -51,7 +57,7 @@
"a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -61,18 +67,18 @@
"open-source-misses-the-point.html\">amoral approach</a> to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "I. GNU ÃR NÃ
GOT ANNAT ÃN Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU står för Gnu's Not Unix (ung. GNU är Något annat än Unix) och så
kallas "
"det helt Unix-kompatibla mjukvarusystem som jag håller på att skriva, för "
@@ -80,7 +86,7 @@
"antal frivilliga medarbetare hjälper mig. Vi har ett stort behov av bidrag i
"
"form av tid, pengar, program och utrustning."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -110,7 +116,7 @@
"småningom hoppas vi kunna tillhandahålla allt användbart som normalt
följer "
"med ett Unix-system och mer därtill."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -132,7 +138,7 @@
"Lisp. Vi kommer att försöka stödja följande kommunikationsprotokoll:
UUCP, "
"MIT chaosnet och IP."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -144,17 +150,17 @@
"Arbetet med att få det att köra på mindre maskiner lämnas till dem som
vill "
"använda det på sådana maskiner."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "II. DÃRFÃR MÃ
STE JAG SKRIVA GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -177,14 +183,14 @@
"det för långt. Jag kunde omöjligt stanna kvar på en institution där man "
"gjorde dessa saker åt mig, mot min vilja."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"För att jag skall kunna fortsätta använda datorer utan att skämmas har
jag "
"bestämt mig för att sammanställa tillräckligt med fri mjukvara för att
jag "
@@ -192,11 +198,11 @@
"från AI-labbet så att MIT inte skall ha någon juridisk möjlighet att
hindra "
"mig från att ge bort GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "III. DÃRFÃR SKALL GNU VARA KOMPATIBELT MED Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -208,11 +214,11 @@
"utan att förstöra dem. Ett unixkompatibelt system skulle också vara "
"praktiskt för många andra att börja använda."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "IV. SÃ
HÃR KOMMER GNU ATT GÃRAS TILLGÃNGLIGT"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -226,18 +232,18 @@
"gör att koden blir upphovsrättsligt skyddad kommer inte att tillåtas. Jag "
"vill se till att alla versioner av GNU förblir gratis."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "V. MÃ
NGA PROGRAMMERARE KOMMER ATT HJÃLPA TILL"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
msgstr ""
"Jag har träffat på många programmerare som gillar GNU och vill hjälpa
till."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -261,7 +267,7 @@
"inte väl till mods med något av valen. De blir cyniska och tror att "
"programmering bara är ett sätt att tjäna pengar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -278,11 +284,11 @@
"märkesmjukvara. För ungefär hälften av de programmerare som jag kommer i "
"kontakt med är detta en viktig glädjekälla som inte kan ersättas av
pengar."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "VI. SÃ
HÃR KAN DU HJÃLPA TILL"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -292,7 +298,7 @@
"a>.)"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -300,7 +306,7 @@
"Jag ber datortillverkare donera maskiner och pengar. Jag ber enskilda "
"individer donera program och arbete."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -312,7 +318,7 @@
"system som är klara för användning, godkända för användning i
bostadsområden "
"och utan behov av sofistikerad kylning eller energiförsörjning."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -342,7 +348,7 @@
"kärnan kommer tätare kommunikation att krävas och det arbetet kommer att "
"utföras av en liten, sammansvetsad grupp.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -358,20 +364,20 @@
"hängivna människor ägna all sin energi åt att arbeta på GNU, genom att
de "
"slipper förtjäna sitt levebröd på något annat sätt."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "VII. DÃRFÃR KOMMER ALLA DATORANVÃNDARE ATT GAGNAS"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Så snart GNU är färdigskrivet kan vem som helst få tag på bra
systemmjukvara "
"helt fritt, precis som luft."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -382,7 +388,7 @@
"systemprogrammering kan undvikas. I stället kan dessa ansträngningar "
"användas för att flytta frontlinjen framåt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -397,7 +403,7 @@
"att vara utlämnade till den programmerare, eller det företag, som äger "
"källkoden, och därmed är de enda som kan göra förändringar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -413,7 +419,7 @@
"levde som man lärde och vägrade faktiskt att installera vissa program. Jag "
"påverkades mycket av detta."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -421,7 +427,7 @@
"Slutligen kommer det återkommande bekymret med att reda ut vem som äger "
"mjukvaran och vad man har eller inte har rätt att göra med den att
försvinna."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -446,7 +452,7 @@
"vara skandalöst. Det vore bättre att avgiftsbekosta lufttillverkningen med "
"och slänga maskerna."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -454,11 +460,11 @@
"Att kopiera program, helt eller delvis, är lika naturligt för en "
"programmerare som att andas, och lika produktivt. Det borde vara lika fritt."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "VIII. NÃ
GRA LÃTT TILLBAKAVISADE INVÃNDNINGAR MOT GNU:S MÃ
L"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -466,7 +472,7 @@
"<strong>âIngen kommer att använda det om det är fritt, för dÃ¥ har de
ingen "
"support att luta sig mot.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -474,18 +480,18 @@
"<strong>âMan mÃ¥ste ta betalt för programmet för att kunna ge
support.â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Om folk hellre betalar för GNU plus service än får GNU gratis utan
service, "
"så borde ett företag som ger service till dem som fått GNU gratis vara "
"lönsamt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -497,7 +503,7 @@
"är inget man kan lita på att få från en mjukvaruförsäljare. Om ditt
problem "
"inte delas av tillräckligt många andra så kommer försäljaren att be dig
dra."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -518,7 +524,7 @@
"som inte kan skyllas på distributionsmetoden. GNU löser inte alla världens
"
"problem, bara somliga."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -528,7 +534,7 @@
"någon som hjälper dem med sådant som de lätt hade kunnat göra själva,
men "
"inte vet hur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -547,7 +553,7 @@
"vi som inte behöver denna tjänst få använda programmet utan att betala
för "
"servicen."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -555,7 +561,7 @@
"<strong>âUtan reklam är det omöjligt att nÃ¥ mÃ¥nga människor och man
måste ta "
"betalt för programmet för att möjliggöra det.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -563,7 +569,7 @@
"<strong>âDet är inte lönt att göra reklam för ett program som folk kan
få "
"gratis.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -580,20 +586,20 @@
"det kan betala reklamkostnaderna och mer därtill. På så sätt är det bara
de "
"användare som drar nytta av reklamen som betalar för den."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Om å andra sidan många människor får GNU av vänner så kommer den här
typen "
"av företag inte att lyckas, vilket kommer att visa att reklam inte var "
"nödvändigt för att sprida GNU. Varför är den fria marknadens
förespråkare så "
"ovilliga att låta marknaden avgöra frågan?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -601,7 +607,7 @@
"<strong>âMitt företag behöver ett operativsystem med ett välkänt
varumärke "
"för att fÃ¥ en konkurrensfördel.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -619,16 +625,17 @@
"dig från att skuffas in i den kostsamma bransch som är "
"operativsystemförsäljarens."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Jag hoppas att utvecklandet av GNU kommer att få stöd i form av gåvor
från "
"tillverkare och användare, som därmed minskar kostnaden för var och en."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -636,7 +643,7 @@
"<strong>âFörtjänar inte programmerarna nÃ¥gon belöning för sin
kreativitet?â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -650,7 +657,7 @@
"förtjänar att belönas för innovativa program, följer det logiskt att de
"
"också förtjänar att straffas om de begränsar användandet av dessa
program."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -658,7 +665,7 @@
"<strong>âSkall inte en programmerare kunna begära nÃ¥gon ersättning för
sin "
"kreativitet?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -668,7 +675,7 @@
"försöka maximera sin inkomst, så länge man inte använder destruktiva
medel. "
"Men det är just sådana medel som vanligen används på mjukvaruområdet
idag."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -682,7 +689,7 @@
"medvetet inskränker andra möjligheter, blir de skadliga följderna ett "
"medvetet förstörande."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -701,11 +708,11 @@
"berättiga att man helt eller delvis berövar resten av världen denna "
"kreativitet."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âKommer inte programmerarna att fÃ¥ gÃ¥
hungriga?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -717,7 +724,7 @@
"grimaser. Men det innebär inte att vi är dömda att stå på gatan, göra "
"grimaser, och svälta. Vi gör något annat."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -727,7 +734,7 @@
"att utan en äganderätt till mjukvaran får programmeraren inte ett öre i "
"ersättning. Att det skulle vara allt eller inget."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -736,14 +743,15 @@
"verket att de fortfarande kommer att kunna få betalt för att programmera, "
"bara inte lika mycket som idag."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Att inskränka kopieringsrätten är inte det enda sättet att göra affärer
i "
"mjukvarubranchen. Det är det vanligaste eftersom det inbringar mest pengar. "
@@ -751,7 +759,7 @@
"andra slags organisationer som är mindre vanliga idag. Det finns alltid ett "
"antal olika sätt att organisera en affärsverksamhet."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -765,7 +773,7 @@
"programmerare tjänade detsamma skulle inte heller det vara en orättvisa. (I
"
"praktiken skulle de fortfarande tjäna mycket mer än så.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -773,7 +781,7 @@
"<strong>âHar man inte rätt att kontrollera hur ens kreativitet
används?â</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -783,21 +791,21 @@
"kontrollera andras liv, och det används oftast för att göra deras liv "
"besvärligare."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"De som har analyserat frågan om skydd för intellektuella prestationer "
"ingående (jurister till exempel) säger att det inte finns någon inneboende
"
"rätt till intellektuell egendom. Den immaterialrätt som skyddar vissa "
"intellektuella prestationer har lagstiftaren skapat i vissa speciella syften."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -817,7 +825,7 @@
"produktionen, så ställer patent oftast inte till någon skada. De sätter
inga "
"hinder i vägen för de flesta enskilda som använder patentskyddade
produkter."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -836,7 +844,7 @@
"-- så gjorde det ingen särskild skada och störde inte de flesta av bokens "
"läsare."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -851,7 +859,7 @@
"att bevilja en sådan licens. Hur tillåter vi en person att handla genom att
"
"ge honom eller henne en sådan licens?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -871,13 +879,13 @@
"andligen, och där man därför inte bör bete sig så oavsett av om lagen "
"tillåter det."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>âMed lite konkurrens blir saker och ting bättre
gjorda.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -895,7 +903,7 @@
"strategier -- som att angripa de andra löparna. Om löparna hamnar i ett "
"råkurr kommer de alla att bli försenade."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -909,7 +917,7 @@
"skjuta ett skottâ). Vad han borde göra är att stoppa löparna och straffa
dem "
"för att en ha försökt starta ett slagsmål."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -917,7 +925,7 @@
"<strong>âKommer inte alla att sluta programmera om det inte finns nÃ¥got "
"ekonomiskt incitament?â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -929,7 +937,7 @@
"oemotståndligt lockande. Det finns ingen brist på proffsiga musiker som "
"fortsätter spela utan att ha något hopp om att kunna försörja sig på
det."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -941,7 +949,7 @@
"frågan att ställa är alltså huruvida någon kommer att programmera när
det "
"ekonomiska incitamentet minskar. Min erfarenhet säger mig att svaret är ja."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -954,7 +962,7 @@
"och uppskattning till exempel. Och kreativitet är kul, den är en belöning
i "
"sig själv."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -962,7 +970,7 @@
"Senare slutade de flesta av dem när de erbjöds lika intressanta arbeten,
men "
"med högre lön."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -976,7 +984,7 @@
"inte så bra gentemot dem som betalar höga, men så behöver det inte vara
om "
"de som betalar höga löner förbjuds."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -984,7 +992,7 @@
"<strong>âVi har ett desperat behov av programmerare. Om de kräver att vi "
"slutar hjälpa vÃ¥ra grannar sÃ¥ mÃ¥ste vi lyda.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -993,13 +1001,13 @@
"Thomas Jeffersons valspråk när USA:s handelsfartyg kapades i Medelhavet: "
"âmiljoner till försvaret, men inte ett öre i lösen!â"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>âPÃ¥ nÃ¥got sätt mÃ¥ste ju programmerare tjäna sitt
uppehälle.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1014,7 +1022,7 @@
"tjäna pengar. Det är lätt att hitta på andra sätt om man bara vill. Här
"
"följer ett antal exempel:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1022,7 +1030,7 @@
"En datortillverkare som introducerar en ny modell betalar för att "
"operativsystem skall portas till den nya hårdvaran."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1030,18 +1038,19 @@
"Programmerare skulle också kunna anställas i företag som säljer "
"undervisning, âhÃ¥lla handen-supportâ och underhÃ¥ll."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Den som har en ny idé kan distribuera program som freeware och be nöjda "
"användare om bidrag eller sälja âhÃ¥lla handen-supportâ och underhÃ¥ll.
Jag "
"har stött på folk som redan framgångsrikt arbetar så här."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1051,11 +1060,11 @@
"En sådan grupp kontrakterar sedan ett programmeringsföretag för att skriva
"
"de program som användarna skulle vilja använda."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "All slags utveckling skulle kunna bekostas med en mjukvaruskatt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1065,7 +1074,7 @@
"mjukvaruskatt kan regeringen ge pengarna till en organisation som lägger dem
"
"på mjukvaruutveckling."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1079,7 +1088,7 @@
"slutresultatet. De kan få göra avdrag för donationer som sammanlagt
uppgår "
"till samma summa som den skatt de skall betala."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1088,19 +1097,19 @@
"skattebetalarna, där deras röster är viktade efter det belopp de skulle "
"betala skatt på."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Konsekvenserna blir:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "Att gruppen av datoranvändare stödjer mjukvaruutvecklingen."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Att denna grupp avgör vilken nivå stödet skall ligga på."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1108,7 +1117,7 @@
"Användare som är intresserade av att själva bestämma på vilket projekt
deras "
"stöd skall läggas kan göra det."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1126,7 +1135,7 @@
"ge familjerådgivning, reparera robotar och söka mineraler på asteroider.
Det "
"kommer inte att vara nödvändigt att programmera för att tjäna sitt
uppehälle."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1146,11 +1155,11 @@
"mjukvaruområdet. Det är en åtgärd som vi måste vidta för att tekniska "
"framsteg skall leda till mindre arbete för oss."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1167,7 +1176,7 @@
"with others in using it."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1176,19 +1185,19 @@
"\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1196,13 +1205,13 @@
"its work."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1214,10 +1223,10 @@
"less in a free software world."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1227,10 +1236,10 @@
"spreads confusion and bias."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1284,15 +1293,23 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Please see the <a
+# | href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations
+# | README</a> for information on coordinating and [-submitting-]
+# | {+contributing+} translations of this article.
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#| "translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Var god läs <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README "
@@ -1300,13 +1317,15 @@
"översättningar till den här artikeln."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Copyright © 1985, 1993, 200[-3-]{+4+}, 2005, 2007, [-2008,-] 2009,
+# | 2010, [-2014-] {+2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014 "
#| "Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 1985, 1993 Free Software Foundation Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
@@ -1334,3 +1353,13 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Updaterat:"
+
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Var god läs <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">README
"
+#~ "för Ãversättningar</a> för information om att samarbeta och skicka in "
+#~ "översättningar till den här artikeln."
Index: po/manifesto.ta.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.ta.po,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- po/manifesto.ta.po 12 Feb 2017 09:17:19 -0000 1.1
+++ po/manifesto.ta.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.2
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: web-translators <web-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -21,27 +21,27 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "The GNU Manifesto - à®à¯à®©à¯ திà®à¯à®à®®à¯ -
à®à®à¯à®à®±à¯à®± à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯ à®
à®±à®à¯à®à®à¯à®à®³à¯"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "The GNU Manifesto"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
"to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it unchanged."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
"these points."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@
"a>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -59,16 +59,16 @@
"open-source-misses-the-point.html\">amoral approach</a> to the same field."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "GNU à®à®©à¯à®±à®¾à®²à¯ à®à®©à¯à®©? Gnu's Not Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
# | GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete
# | Unix-compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it
-# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.-] {+it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>+}
-# | Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money,
-# | programs and equipment are greatly needed.
+# | away free to everyone who can use [-it.-] {+it <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>.+} Several other volunteers are helping me.
+# | Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
@@ -78,16 +78,16 @@
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"யà¯à®©à®¿à®à¯à®¸à¯à®à®©à¯ à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®¯à®²à¯à®®à¯ à®à®©à¯
(GNU - short for Gnu's Not Unix) à®à®©à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯
à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯ நான௠"
"மறà¯à®±à®µà®°à¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯
à®à¯à®¤à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®®à®¾à® வழà®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯
நà¯à®à¯à®à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à®©à¯
à®à®´à¯à®¤à®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®£à¯à®à®¿à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®©à¯à®±à¯à®©à¯.
à®à®¤à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®©à®à¯à®à¯ "
"பலர௠à®à®¤à®µà¯à®à®¿à®±à®¾à®°à¯à®à®³à¯. நà¯à®°à®®à¯,
பணமà¯, நிரலிà®à®³à¯ (programs), à®à®¾à®¤à®©à®à¯à®à®³à¯
பà¯à®©à¯à®±à®µà¯à®à®³à®¿à®©à¯ வà®à®¿à®µà®¿à®²à®¾à®© "
"à®à®¤à®µà®¿à®à®³à¯ à®à®à¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯ மிà®à®µà¯à®®à¯
தà¯à®µà¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
"à®à¯à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯ à®à¯à®³à¯à®µà¯à®®à¯.
à®à®±à¯à®¤à®¿à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ யà¯à®©à®¿à®à¯à®¸à¯à®à®©à¯ வரà¯à®®à¯
à®
னà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®à®ªà®¯à¯à®à®®à¯à®³à¯à®³
நிரலிà®à®³à¯à®¯à¯à®®à¯ நாà®à¯à®à®³à¯ "
"வழà®à¯à®à¯à®µà¯à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
"à®à®ªà®¯à¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®®à¯. UUCP, MIT Chaosnet
மறà¯à®±à¯à®®à¯ à®à®£à¯à®¯ நà¯à®±à®¿à®®à¯à®±à¯à®à®³à¯à®¤à¯
தà®à®µà®²à¯ தà¯à®à®°à¯à®ªà®¿à®±à¯à®à¯ "
"à®à®ªà®¯à¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
"à®
தில௠à®à®¯à®à¯à®à®µà¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à®±à¯à®à¯
à®à®³à®¿à®¤à®¾à® à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯. à®à®¿à®±à®¿à®¯
à®à®£à®¿à®©à®¿à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®¯à®à¯à® வà¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®¤à¯
தà¯à®µà¯à®¯à®¾à®©à®µà®°à¯à®à®³à¯ "
"à®à¯à®¯à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯à®³à¯à®³ விà®à¯à®à¯
விà®à¯à®µà¯à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -154,11 +154,11 @@
"à®à®¨à¯à®¤ à®à¯à®¯à®²à¯à®¤à®¿à®à¯à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®©à¯ பà¯à®¯à®°à¯
à®à®ªà®¯à¯à®à®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ பà¯à®´à¯à®¤à¯, GNU
à®à®©à¯à®©à¯à®®à¯ வாரà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ <em>G</em> ய௠"
"à®à®à¯à®à®°à®¿à®¯à¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯."
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"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
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"Intelligence à®à®¯à¯à®µà®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®¤à¯ பà¯à®©à¯à®±
மனà¯à®ªà®¾à®µà®à¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®¤à®¿à®°à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®©à¯,
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# | So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided
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# | to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from
# | the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU
-# | [-away.-] {+away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>+}
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"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
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à®à¯à®¯à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®±à¯à®©à¯. à®à®¤à®©à®¾à®²à¯ "
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மறà¯à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ à®à®°à®¿à®®à¯à®¯à¯ MITà®à¯à®à¯
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à®à¯à®¯à¯à®¤à¯à®µà®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®©à¯."
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msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
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à®°à®®à¯à®ªà®¿à®¤à¯à®¤ பà¯à®´à¯à®¤à¯,
யà¯à®©à®¿à®à¯à®¸à¯à®¤à®¾à®©à¯ பà¯à®°à®¿à®¤à¯à®®à¯
à®à®ªà®¯à¯à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¤à¯)."
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msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
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"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
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à®à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®±à¯à®©à¯."
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"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
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"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
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வரà¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯
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à®®à®à®¿à®´à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à¯ à®à®¤à¯à®µà¯ தரà¯à®®à¯."
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msgid "How You Can Contribute"
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msgid ""
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"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
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நனà¯à®à¯à®à¯à®¯à®¾à® à®à®´à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯ மறà¯à®±à¯à®®
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ளிà®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®®à¯
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வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯. à®®à¯à®²à¯à®®, "
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த௠à®à®ªà®¯à¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à®±à¯à®à¯à®¤à¯
தனிபà¯à®ªà®à¯à® à®à¯à®³à®¿à®°à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯
à®à®¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à®à¯à®à®³à¯ தà¯à®µà¯à®ªà¯
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# | Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software
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à®à®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯."
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"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
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à®à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®µà®¤à¯à®¤à¯ தவிரà¯à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯.
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லà¯à®²à®¤à¯
à®à®¨à¯à®¤ நிரலாளரà¯à®¯à¯à®®à¯ பணியில௠à®
மரà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿ மாறà¯à®±à®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®³à¯à®³à®²à®¾à®®à¯.
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"பயனாளரà¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®°à¯ நிரலாளர௠à®
லà¯à®²à®¤à¯ à®à®°à¯ நிறà¯à®µà®©à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®©à¯
தயவில௠வாழ வà¯à®£à¯à®à®¿à®¯ à®
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தனà¯
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வà¯à®³à®¿à®¯à®¿à®à®¾à®µà®¿à®à¯à®à®¾à®²à¯, à®
தனà¯
நிறà¯à®µà®ªà¯ "
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வà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®©à®°à¯. நான௠à®
தà¯à®à¯
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தà¯à®µà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯
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# | Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is
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வாணிà®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®©à¯ à®
à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®¯à®¿à®²à¯à®²à¯.
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தன௠"
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றிவ௠மறà¯à®±à®µà®°à¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à®¿
à®à®ªà®¯à¯à®à®¿à®à¯à® "
"வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯ நிரà¯à®£à®¯à®¿à®à¯à®
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வரà¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à®³à¯à®³ à®
திà®à®¾à®°à®®à¯â
à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯ மறà¯à®±à®µà®°à¯à®à®³à®¿à®©à¯ "
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à®à®£à¯à®à®¾à®à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®±à®¤à¯; à®
த௠à®
வரà¯à®à®³à®¿à®©à¯ வாழà¯à®à¯à®à¯à®¯à¯ à®®à¯à®²à¯à®®à¯
à®à®¿à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®©à®¤à®¾à®à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®±à®¤à¯."
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à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®
திà®à®¾à®°à®®à¯ à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯
à®à®¯à®±à¯à®à¯à®¯à®¾à®© à®
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à®°à®à¯
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றிவà¯à®à¯
à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®
திà®à®¾à®°à®à¯à®à®³à¯,
à®à¯à®±à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®à¯à® à®à®¿à®²
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à®à®¾à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®°à®¿à®®à¯ à®à¯à®¯à¯à®¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®
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à®®à¯à®à®¿à®¨à¯à®¤à®¤à¯. à®à®¤à®©à®¾à®²à¯
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னà¯à®®à®¤à®¿à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾à®²à¯à®®à¯ à®à¯à® à®
வர௠à®
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à®à¯à®à¯à®à®£à¯à®à¯à®¯à®¿à®²à¯
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திணறà¯à®à®¿à®©à¯à®±à®©à®°à¯. à®à®©à®¾à®²à¯, à®
திà®
à®à®¤à®¿à®¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®
ளிà®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ à®
à®®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®à®³à¯ "
"à®à®à¯à®à¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¾à®²à¯, à®
வரà¯à®à®³
à®®à¯à®à®®à®¾à® à®à¯à®¯à®²à¯à®ªà®
வà¯à®£à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯à®²à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -990,7 +996,7 @@
"<strong>âà®à®à¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯ நிரலாளரà¯à®à®³à¯
மிà®à®µà¯à®®à¯ தà¯à®µà¯. நாà®à¯à®à®³à¯
பிறரà¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à®¤à®µà®à¯ à®à¯à®à®¾à®¤à¯ à®à®©à¯à®±à¯ "
"நிரலாளரà¯à®à®³à¯ வாதிà®à¯à®à®¾à®²à¯, à®
தன௠நாà®à¯à®à®³à¯
à®à®±à¯à®±à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®³à¯à®³à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾à®©à¯
வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -998,12 +1004,12 @@
"à®à®¤à¯ பà¯à®©à¯à®± வாதà®à¯à®à®³à¯
à®à®±à¯à®±à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®³à¯à®³ வà¯à®£à¯à®à®¿à®¯ à®
ளவிறà¯à®à¯ à®à®à¯à®à®³à¯ நிலà¯à®®à¯
à®à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®®à¯, à®®à¯à®à®®à®¾à® "
"à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¾à®¤à¯. நினà¯à®µà®¿à®²à¯
à®à¯à®³à¯à®³à¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯: à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®®à¯
à®à®à¯à®à¯à®µà®¤à¯à®µà®¿à® விà®à¯à®¤à®²à¯à®à¯à®à®¾à®à®ªà¯
பà¯à®°à®¾à®à¯à®µà®¤à¯ à®à®¿à®±à®¨à¯à®¤à®¤à¯!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>âநிரலாளரà¯à®à®³à¯
à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à®¿à®¯à®¾à®µà®¤à¯ வாழà¯à®à¯à®à¯à®¯à¯
நà®à®¤à¯à®¤ வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯.â</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1017,7 +1023,7 @@
"தரà®à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®¤à¯ தவிர, à®
தà¯
நிரலà¯à®à®³à¯ à®®à¯à®²à®®à¯
à®à®®à¯à®ªà®¾à®¤à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à®±à¯à®à¯ à®à®°à¯ வழி
à®à®¿à®à¯à®¯à®¾à®¤à¯. மறà¯à®± வழிà®à®³à¯ "
"தà¯à®à®¿à®©à®¾à®²à¯ à®à®³à®¿à®¤à®¾à®à®à¯
à®à®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯. à®à®¤à¯ à®à®¿à®²
à®à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯à®à®¾à®à¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1025,33 +1031,33 @@
"à®à®£à®¿à®©à®¿ தயாரிபà¯à®ªà®¾à®³à®°à¯à®à®³à¯ பà¯à®¤à¯
à®à®£à®¿à®©à®¿à®¯à¯ à®
றிமà¯à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®®à¯
பà¯à®´à¯à®¤à¯, à®
நà¯à®¤à®à¯ à®à®£à®¿à®©à®¿à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ "
"à®à®¯à®à¯à®à¯à®¤à®³à®à¯à®à®³à¯
à®à®¯à®à¯à®à®µà¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à®±à¯à®à¯
நிரலாளரà¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à®¾à®à¯
à®à¯à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¾à®°à¯à®à®³à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
msgstr "நிரலியà¯à®à¯ à®à®±à¯à®ªà®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®®à¯,
பராமரிபà¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®®
நிரலாளரà¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®¯à¯à®à®®à¯ à®
ளிà®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
# | People with new ideas could distribute programs as [-freeware,-]
-# | {+freeware<a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>,+} asking for donations from satisfied
-# | users, or selling handholding services. I have met people who are already
-# | working this way successfully.
+# | {+freeware <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>,+} asking for
+# | donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding services. I have
+# | met people who are already working this way successfully.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid ""
#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware, asking for "
#| "donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding services. I have "
#| "met people who are already working this way successfully."
msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
-"\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
-"handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
-"successfully."
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"பà¯à®¤à®¿à®¯ à®à®£à¯à®£à®à¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®à¯à®¯à¯à®°à¯
தà®à¯à®à®³à®¤à¯ நிரல௠à®à®²à®µà®à®®à®¾à®à®à¯
à®à¯à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯, திரà¯à®ªà¯à®¤à®¿ "
"à®
à®à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à®µà®°à¯à®à®³à®¿à®à®®à®¿à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à¯
நனà¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯ à®à¯à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯. à®à®¤à¯ பà¯à®²
வà¯à®±à¯à®±à®¿à®à®°à®®à®¾à® வழி
நà®à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®ªà®µà®°à¯à®à®³à¯ நான௠"
"à®à®¨à¯à®¤à®¿à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®³à¯à®³à¯à®©à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1060,11 +1066,11 @@
"à®à®®à¯à®ªà®¨à¯à®¤à®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à® தà¯à®µà¯à®à®³à¯
à®à®à¯à®¯à¯à®°à¯ à®à¯à®´à¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯ à®
à®®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯
à®à®¨à¯à®¤à®¾ à®à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯. à®
நà¯à®¤à®à¯
à®à¯à®´à¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯ நிரல௠"
"à®à®´à¯à®¤à¯à®®à¯ நிறà¯à®µà®©à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®à®©à¯
à®à®ªà¯à®ªà®¨à¯à®¤à®®à¯ வà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯ à®
வரà¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®¤à¯ தà¯à®µà¯à®¯à®¾à®©
நிரலà¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®´à¯à®¤à®²à®¾à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "à®à®²à¯à®²à®¾ விதமான à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯
தயாரிபà¯à®ªà®¿à®±à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯
வரி à®®à¯à®²à®®à¯ நிதி திரà®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1073,7 +1079,7 @@
"à®à®£à®¿à®©à®¿ வாà®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯ à®à®µà¯à®µà¯à®°à¯à®µà®°à¯à®®à¯
à®
தன௠விலà¯à®¯à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®°à¯
à®à¯à®±à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®à¯à® à®à®¤à®µà¯à®¤à®¤à¯à®¤à¯
à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯ வரியாà®à®à¯ "
"à®à®à¯à® வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1085,25 +1091,25 @@
"வரி à®à®à¯à® வà¯à®£à¯à®à®¿à®¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯à®²à¯. à®
வரà¯
à®
வரà¯à®à¯à®à¯ விரà¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®®à®¾à®©
à®à¯à®¯à®²à¯à®¤à®¿à®à¯à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®±à¯à®à¯ நனà¯à®à¯à®à¯
à®à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®. "
"à®
வர௠நனà¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à¯à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤ à®
ளவிறà¯à®à¯ வரி à®à®à¯à®à®¤à¯
தà¯à®µà¯à®¯à®¿à®²à¯à®²à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
msgstr "à®®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤ வரியின௠à®à®¤à®µà¯à®¤à®¤à¯à®¤à¯
வரி à®à®à¯à®à¯à®ªà®µà®°à¯à®à®³à®¿à®©à¯
வாà®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®©à¯ à®®à¯à®²à®®à¯
தà¯à®°à¯à®®à®¾à®©à®®à¯ à®à¯à®¯à¯à®¯à®²à®¾à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "à®à®¤à®©à¯ விளà¯à®µà¯à®à®³à¯:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "à®à®£à®¿à®©à®¿ à®à®ªà®¯à¯à®à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®µà®°à¯à®à®³à¯
à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯ தயாரிபà¯à®ªà®¿à®±à¯à®à¯
நிதி à®
ளிà®à¯à®à®¿à®±à®¾à®°à¯à®à®³à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "à®à®¨à¯à®¤ à®
ளவிறà¯à®à¯ à®à®¤à®°à®µà¯ தà¯à®µà¯
à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯ à®
வரà¯à®à®³à¯ à®®à¯à®à®¿à®µà¯
à®à¯à®¯à¯à®à®¿à®±à®¾à®°à¯à®à®³à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1111,7 +1117,7 @@
"à®à®¨à¯à®¤à®à¯
à®à¯à®¯à®²à¯à®¤à®¿à®à¯à®à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®±à¯à®à¯à®¤à¯
தà®à¯à®à®³à®¤à¯ பà®à¯à®à¯ à®à¯à®²à¯à®² வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯
à®à®©à¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®ªà¯ பறà¯à®±à®¿à®à¯ à®à®µà®©à®®à®¾à®
à®à®°à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®µà®°à¯à®à®³à¯, "
"à®
வரà¯à®à®³à¯ விரà¯à®®à¯à®ªà®¿à®¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯
தà¯à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®¤à¯à®à¯à®à¯à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1127,7 +1133,7 @@
"தயாரிதà¯à®¤à®²à¯ பà¯à®©à¯à®±
à®à¯à®³à®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯ à®à¯à®²à®µà®¿à®à®²à®¾à®®à¯.
à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯ தயாரிதà¯à®¤à¯
வாழà¯à®à¯à®à¯à®¯à¯ வாழ வà¯à®£à¯à®à®¿à®¯ "
"à®
வà®à®¿à®¯à®®à¯ à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¾à®¤à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1146,11 +1152,11 @@
"à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯ à®®à¯à®à®¿à®¨à¯à®¤ à®®à®à¯à®à¯à®®à¯
à®à¯à®±à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®µà®¿à®à¯à®®à¯.
à®à®±à¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®±à®©à®¿à®²à¯
தà¯à®´à®¿à®²à¯à®¨à¯à®à¯à®ª à®à®²à®¾à®ªà®®à¯ பà¯à®±à¯à®±à¯ à®
த௠"
"நமà®à¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à¯à®±à¯à®¨à¯à®¤
விலà¯à®¯à®¾à®à¯à®à®¿à® நாம௠à®à®¤à¯à®à¯
à®à¯à®¯à¯à®¤à®¾à® வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®®à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "பினà¯à®à¯à®±à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®à®³à¯"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1167,7 +1173,7 @@
"with others in using it."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1176,19 +1182,19 @@
"\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "à®à®¤à¯ பà¯à®©à¯à®± பல நிறà¯à®µà®©à®à¯à®à®³à¯
à®à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®¤à¯ à®à®³à¯à®³à®©."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
# | [-The-]{+Although it is a charity rather than a company, the+} Free
# | Software Foundation [-raises-] {+for 10 years raised+} most of its funds
# | from [-a-] {+its+} distribution [-service, although it is a charity rather
@@ -1225,7 +1231,7 @@
"à®à®©à®µà¯ பயனாளரà¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®¨à¯à®¤
வழியில௠à®à®à¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯ à®à®¤à®°à®µà¯ à®
ளிà®à¯à®à¯à®®à®¾à®±à¯ வà¯à®£à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®±à¯à®®à¯.
நà¯à®à¯à®à®³à¯ à®à®à¯à®à®³à¯ "
"பà®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®¤à¯
தநà¯à®¤à¯à®µà®¿à®à¯à®à¯à®°à¯à®à®³à®¾?"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
# | A group of computer companies [-recently-] pooled funds {+around 1991+} to
# | support maintenance of the GNU C Compiler.
#, fuzzy
@@ -1239,7 +1245,7 @@
"à®à®®à¯à®ªà®¤à¯à®¤à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®£à®¿à®©à®¿
நிறà¯à®µà®©à®à¯à®à®³à®¿à®²à¯ à®à®°à¯ à®à®¾à®°à®¾à®°à¯ GNU C
compilerà®à®ªà¯ பராமரிà®à¯à® நிதிய௠à®
ளà¯à®³à®¿à®à¯ "
"à®à¯à®à¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®³à¯à®³à®©à®°à¯."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1251,10 +1257,10 @@
"less in a free software world."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1264,10 +1270,10 @@
"spreads confusion and bias."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1300,15 +1306,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
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msgstr ""
"à®à®¨à¯à®¤ à®à®à¯à®à¯à®°à¯à®¯à®¿à®©à¯
à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®ªà¯à®¯à®°à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯
à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®£à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à¯,
à®à®®à®°à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à¯ தà¯à®à®°à¯à®ªà®¾à®©
விவரà®à¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯ <a "
@@ -1316,13 +1327,13 @@
"à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®à¯</a> à®à®¾à®£à®µà¯à®®à¯."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-# | Copyright © 1985, [-1993-] {+1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009,
-# | 2010, 2014, 2015+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# | Copyright © 1985, [-1993-] {+1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010,
+# | 2015, 2021+} Free Software Foundation, Inc.
#, fuzzy
#| msgid "Copyright © 1985, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
(à®à®à¯à®à®±à¯à®± à®®à¯à®©à¯à®ªà¯à®°à¯à®³à¯ "
"à®
à®±à®à¯à®à®à¯à®à®³à¯, நிறà¯à®µà®ªà¯à®ªà®à¯à®à®¤à¯.)"
@@ -1349,6 +1360,16 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "பà¯à®¤à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®à¯à®à®ªà¯ பà®à¯à®
விவரமà¯:"
+#, fuzzy
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "à®à®¨à¯à®¤ à®à®à¯à®à¯à®°à¯à®¯à®¿à®©à¯
à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®ªà¯à®¯à®°à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯
à®à®°à¯à®à¯à®à®¿à®£à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à¯,
à®à®®à®°à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà®¿à®ªà¯à®ªà®¤à¯ தà¯à®à®°à¯à®ªà®¾à®©
விவரà®à¯à®à®³à¯à®à¯à®à¯ <a "
+#~
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">à®®à¯à®´à®¿à®ªà¯à®¯à®°à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®à®³à¯
README "
+#~ "à®à¯à®ªà¯à®ªà¯à®à¯</a> à®à®¾à®£à®µà¯à®®à¯."
+
#~ msgid ""
#~ "The Free Software Foundation raises most of its funds from a distribution "
#~ "service, although it is a charity rather than a company. If *no one* "
Index: po/manifesto.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- po/manifesto.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.32
+++ po/manifesto.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.33
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-04-01 22:17+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: The FLOSS Information <theflossinformation@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Turkish <www-tr-comm@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 19.12.3\n"
@@ -26,13 +27,21 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU Bildirisi - GNU Projesi - Ãzgür Yazılım Vakfı"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "GNU Bildirisi"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -45,7 +54,7 @@
"açıklamak amacıyla küçük deÄiÅikliklere uÄramıÅtır; o tarihten
sonra en "
"iyisi deÄiÅtirmeden bırakmaktır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -55,7 +64,7 @@
"anlamaları öÄrendik ve bu yanlıŠanlamaları açıklamak için 1993'ten
beri "
"dipnotlar ekledik."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -67,7 +76,7 @@
"öneriyoruz. Nasıl katkı saÄlarım diyorsanız, <a href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> sayfasına bakabilirsiniz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -84,17 +93,24 @@
"the-point.html\">etik olmayan bir yaklaÅımı</a> teÅvik etmek için "
"kullanıyorlar."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "GNU nedir? Gnu Unix DeÄildir!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"Gnu Unix DeÄildir [:Gnuâs Not Unix] anlamına gelen GNU, yazmakta olduÄum
"
"Unix-uyumlu yazılım sisteminin adıdır, bu yazılımı, kullanabilen
herkese "
@@ -102,7 +118,7 @@
"bana yardım etmektedir. Zaman, para, program ve cihaz katkıları büyük
ölçüde "
"gereklidir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -132,7 +148,7 @@
"belgeyi ekleyeceÄiz. Sonunda, bir Unix sisteminin sahip olduÄu her Åeyi ve
"
"daha da fazlasını saÄlamayı umuyoruz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -154,7 +170,7 @@
"Lisp sistem programlama dilleri olarak mevcut olacaktır. HaberleÅme için "
"Ä°nternet protokollerini, UUCPâyi, MIT Chaosnetâi desteklemeye
çalıÅacaÄız."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -166,7 +182,7 @@
"küçük makineler üzerinde çalıÅması için fazladan çaba, onu bunlar
üzerinde "
"kullanmak isteyen kimselere kalmıÅtır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -174,11 +190,11 @@
"Ciddi bir karıÅıklıÄı önlemek için, bu projenin adı olan âGNUâ
sözcüÄündeki "
"âGâ harfini dikkatli telaffuz edin."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "GNU'yu niçin yazmalıydım"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -200,13 +216,20 @@
"sonunda çok ileri gittiler: benim irademe karÅı bazı Åeylerin
yapıldıÄı bir "
"kurumda kalamazdım."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Bilgisayarları onurlu bir biçimde kullanabilmek amacıyla, yeterli bir
bütünü "
"oluÅturacak özgür yazılımları bir araya getirmeye karar verdim. Bunu
özgür "
@@ -214,11 +237,11 @@
"herhangi bir yasal durum yaratmasını önlemek için YZ laboratuvarından
istifa "
"ettim.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "GNU niçin Unix ile Uyumlu Olacaktır"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -230,11 +253,11 @@
"eksiklerini tamamlayabilirim. Ve Unix ile uyumlu bir sistem baÅka birçok "
"insanın benimseyebileceÄi Åekilde uygun olacaktır."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "GNU Nasıl EriÅebilir Olacaktır"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -249,11 +272,11 @@
"verilmeyecektir. GNUânun tüm sürümlerinin özgür kalacaÄından emin
olmak "
"isterim."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Niçin BaÅka Birçok Programcı Yardım Etmek Ä°stemektedir"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
@@ -261,7 +284,7 @@
"GNU konusunda heyecanlı olan ve yardım etmek isteyen çok sayıda
programcı "
"ile karÅılaÅtım."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -286,7 +309,7 @@
"iyiliÄe inanmaz hale gelir ve programlamanın yalnızca para kazanmanın bir
"
"yolu olduÄuna inanırlar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -303,11 +326,11 @@
"KonuÅtuÄum programcıların yaklaÅık olarak yarısı için, bu, paranın
yerini "
"alan önemli bir mutluluktur."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Nasıl Katkı Sunabilirsiniz"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -324,7 +347,7 @@
"help.html\">GNU iÅletim sistemine yardım etme rehberini</"
"a>inceleyebilirsiniz.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -333,7 +356,7 @@
"bulunuyorum. Bireylere program ve çalıÅma konusunda baÄıÅta
bulunmaları "
"konusunda istekte bulunuyorum."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -346,7 +369,7 @@
"onaylı olmalıdır ve geliÅmiÅ soÄutma ya da güç gereksinimi içinde "
"olmamalıdır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -376,7 +399,7 @@
"yakın bir haberleÅme gerektirecektir ve küçük ve sıkı bir grup
tarafından "
"üzerinde çalıÅılacaktır.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -393,19 +416,23 @@
"görüyorum, bu insanlar hayatlarını kazanmak için baÅka bir yol tercih "
"edebilirler."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Niçin Tüm Bilgisayar Kullanıcıları Yararlanacaktır"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"GNU yazıldıktan sonra, aynen hava almak gibi herkes iyi sistem
yazılımını "
"ücretsiz bir Åekilde edinebilecektir.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -416,7 +443,7 @@
"kopyalama iÅinden kaçınılması anlamına gelmektedir. Bu çaba, bunun
yerine "
"projede aÅama kaydedilmesi için harcanabilir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -431,7 +458,7 @@
"böyle kaynakların sahibi olan tek bir programlayıcının ya da firmanın "
"insafına kalmayacaktır ve deÄiÅiklik yapma hakkına sahip olacaklardır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -447,7 +474,7 @@
"ve belirli programları kurmayı reddederek bu kararlılıÄını korudu.
Bundan "
"çok etkilenmiÅ ve ilham almıÅtım."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -455,7 +482,7 @@
"Son olarak, sistem yazılımına kimin sahip olduÄu ve bu yazılımla ne
yapılıp "
"yapılamayacaÄı özgür hale gelmektedir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -481,7 +508,7 @@
"kameralarının konulması ahlaka aykırıdır. KiÅi baÅına vergi
alınması ve "
"maskelerin atılması daha iyidir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -490,11 +517,11 @@
"nefes almak kadar doÄal bir Åeydir, aynı zamanda da üretkenliÄini
artırır. "
"Bu, özgür olmalıdır."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "Bazı kimseler GNUânun hedeflerine kolayca karÅı çıkmaktadır"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -502,7 +529,7 @@
"<strong>\"Ãzgür olursa yazılımı hiç kimse kullanmayacaktır, çünkü
bu, "
"herhangi bir desteÄe güvenilmeyeceÄi anlamına gelmektedir.\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -510,17 +537,22 @@
"<strong>\"DesteÄi saÄlamak üzere ödeme yapabilmek için programa ait bir "
"ücret almalısınız.\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ä°nsanlar, ek hizmetler içermeyen özgür GNUâyu almaktan ek hizmetleri
içeren "
"GNU'ya ödeme yapmayı tercih ederlerse, GNUâyu özgür olarak edinen
insanlara "
"yalnızca hizmet saÄlayan bir firma kârda olacaktır.<a
href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -532,7 +564,7 @@
"alınamayan bir Åeydir. Probleminiz yeterince sayıda insanda yoksa,
satıcı "
"size kaybolmanızı söyleyecektir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -552,7 +584,7 @@
"baÄlanamaz. GNU dünyanın tüm problemlerini ortadan kaldırmaz, yalnızca "
"bazılarını ortadan kaldırır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -563,7 +595,7 @@
"yapabilecekleri ama nasıl yapacaklarını bilmedikleri Åeylerin onlar için
"
"yapılması gibi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -581,7 +613,7 @@
"hizmete ihtiyaç duymayanlar, hizmete para ödemeden programı "
"kullanabilmelidir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -589,7 +621,7 @@
"<strong>\"Reklam vermeden çok sayıda insana ulaÅamazsınız ve programı "
"desteklemek için para ödemelisiniz.\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -597,7 +629,7 @@
"<strong>\"Ä°nsanların özgürce sahip olabileceÄi bir program için reklam "
"vermenin bir anlamı yoktur.\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -615,19 +647,25 @@
"için ödeme yapmaya yetecek kadar baÅarılı olmalıdır. Bu Åekilde,
yalnızca "
"reklamdan kâr yapan kullanıcılar program için ödeme yapacaktır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"DiÄer taraftan, birçok insan GNUâyu arkadaÅlarından edinirse ve bu gibi
"
"firmalar baÅarılı olamazsa, bu durum, GNUâyu yaymak için reklam
vermenin "
"ille de gerekli olmadıÄını gösterecektir. Niçin özgür piyasanın
savunucuları "
"buna özgür piyasanın karar vermesini istemiyor?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -635,7 +673,7 @@
"<strong>\"Firmam, rekabetçi bir durum elde etmek için özel mülk bir
iÅletim "
"sistemine ihtiyaç duymaktadır.\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -653,15 +691,20 @@
"baÅka bir Åeyle alakalıysa, GNU iÅletim sistemleri satmak gibi pahalı
bir "
"iÅe atılmanızı engelleyecektir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Her birine iliÅkin maliyeti düÅürerek birçok kullanıcıdan ve
üreticiden "
"gelen hediyelerle GNUânun geliÅimini görmek isterdim.<a
href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -669,7 +712,7 @@
"<strong>\"Programcılar yaratıcılıkları için bir ödülü hak etmezler
mi?\"</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -683,7 +726,7 @@
"hak ediyorlarsa, aynı mantıkla, bu programların kullanılmasını "
"kısıtlarlarsa, cezalandırılmayı da hak ederler."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -691,7 +734,7 @@
"<strong>\"Bir programcı yaratıcılıÄı için ödül isteme hakkına sahip
olmamalı "
"mıdır?\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -702,7 +745,7 @@
"yoktur. Ancak günümüzde yazılım konusunda alıÅılageldik yollarda
zarar "
"verici bir durum vardır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -715,7 +758,7 @@
"Bu, insanlıÄın programdan edinebileceÄi zenginliÄi azaltır. Kasıtlı
bir "
"kısıtlama durumu söz konusu olduÄunda, bunun sonucu da kasıtlı
zarardır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -733,11 +776,11 @@
"birinin yaratıcılıÄı için ödüllendirilmesi isteÄi, genel olarak bu "
"yaratıcılıÄın tamamından ya da bir kısmından mahrum kalınmasını
haklı kılmaz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>\"Programlayıcılar açlıktan ölmeyecek midir?\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -749,7 +792,7 @@
"olarak, caddede durup gülümseyerek açlıktan öldüÄümüz için
kınanmayız. BaÅka "
"bir Åeyler yaparız."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -759,7 +802,7 @@
"etmektedir: yazılımın sahibi deÄilse, programcılara bir kuruÅ bile
ödenemez. "
"Bu, ya hep ya hiçtir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -768,13 +811,22 @@
"için programcılara para ödenecek olmasının hâlâ mümkün olmasıdır;
ancak "
"Åimdiki kadar çok ödeme yapılmayacaktır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
-"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
-"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"Kopyalamanın kısıtlanması, yazılım piyasasında iŠyapılmasının tek
temeli "
"deÄildir. Bu en yaygın temeldir<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> çünkü en çok
parayı "
@@ -783,7 +835,7 @@
"kayardı. Herhangi bir iÅ tipini organize etmek için her zaman çeÅitli
yollar "
"mevcuttur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -797,7 +849,7 @@
"aynısını yapsaydı, bu da bir haksızlık olmayacaktı. (Uygulamada,
hâlâ bundan "
"çok daha fazlasını gerçekleÅtireceklerdi.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -805,7 +857,7 @@
"<strong>\"Ä°nsanlar yaratıcılıklarının nasıl kullanıldıÄını
kontrol etme "
"hakkına sahip deÄil midir?\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -815,13 +867,20 @@
"hayatları üzerinde kontrol oluÅturur ve genellikle yaÅamlarını daha zor
hale "
"getirmek için kullanılır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
msgstr ""
"Fikri mülkiyet [:intellectual property] <a href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> hakları "
"üzerine dikkatli bir Åekilde çalıÅan insanlar (avukatlar gibi) fikri "
@@ -829,7 +888,7 @@
"fikri mülkiyet hakları, özel amaçlar için yasama organları tarafından "
"oluÅturulmuÅtur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
@@ -849,7 +908,7 @@
"için, patentler, genellikle çok zarar verici deÄildir. Patentli ürünleri
"
"kullanan birçok bireyi engellemezler."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -868,7 +927,7 @@
"olarak yalnızca bir baskıda kopyalanabilen kitaplar az zarar vericiydi ve "
"kitapları okuyan bireylerin çoÄunu engellemedi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -882,7 +941,7 @@
"gereken soru Åudur: bu gibi bir lisansın verilmesiyle daha mı iyi
olacaÄız? "
"Bir kimsenin yapması gereken bir hareketi nasıl lisanslıyoruz?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -901,14 +960,14 @@
"olarak zarar verme durumudur; bir kimse kanunların mümkün kılıp "
"kılmamasından baÄımsız olarak bunu yapmamalıdır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>\"Rekabet bazı Åeylerin daha iyi bir Åekilde yapılmasını
saÄlar.\"</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -927,7 +986,7 @@
"örneÄin, diÄer koÅuculara saldırabilirler. KoÅucular ciddi bir kavgaya "
"tutuÅurlarsa, hepsi de yarıÅı geç bitireceklerdir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -942,7 +1001,7 @@
"Gerçekte yapması gereken kavga edenleri ayırmak ve dövüÅmeye çalıÅan
"
"koÅucuları cezalandırmak olmalıdır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -950,7 +1009,7 @@
"<strong>\"Maddi bir hedefi olmayınca herkes program yapmayı durdurmayacak "
"mıdır?\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -963,7 +1022,7 @@
"Åekilde para kazanamadıklarını düÅünseler bile, müzik iÅine devam
eden çok "
"sayıda profesyonel müzisyen vardır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -976,7 +1035,7 @@
"göre mi programlama yapacaktır? Benim tecrübelerim durumun böyle
olacaÄını "
"göstermektedir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -989,7 +1048,7 @@
"kazandılar: örneÄin, ün ve saygınlık gibi. Ve yaratıcılık da ayrıca
bir "
"eÄlence, kendi içinde bir ödüldü."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -997,7 +1056,7 @@
"Daha sonra birçoÄu, aynı ilginç iÅi çok daha fazla para kazanarak
yapmak "
"için iÅlerini bıraktı."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1012,7 +1071,7 @@
"daha zayıftır ancak yüksek ödeme yapan organizasyonların yasaklanması "
"durumunda, kötü Åeyler yapmaları gerekmez."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1020,7 +1079,7 @@
"<strong>\"Ãaresiz bir Åekilde programcılara ihtiyaç duymaktayız. "
"KomÅularımıza yardım etmememizi isterlerse, buna uymamız
gerekir.\"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1028,14 +1087,14 @@
"Aslında bu tip bir isteÄe uyacak kadar çaresiz deÄilsiniz. Unutmayın: "
"savunma için milyonlar harcanır ama vergi için bir kuruŠbile verilmez!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr ""
"<strong>\"Programcılar bir Åekilde yaÅamlarını sürdürmek
zorundadır.\"</"
"strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1050,7 +1109,7 @@
"bu deÄildir. Bulmak isterseniz baÅka yollar da bulmak kolaydır. AÅaÄıda
bir "
"kaç örnek görebilirsiniz."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1058,7 +1117,7 @@
"Yeni bir bilgisayarı piyasaya süren bir üretici, iÅletim sistemlerinin
yeni "
"donanıma taÅınması için bir ücret ödeyecektir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1066,18 +1125,25 @@
"ÃÄretme, destek ve bakım hizmetleri için de programcıların
kullanılması "
"gerekli olabilir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"Yeni fikirlere sahip insanlar, freeware (ücretsiz)<a href=\"#f7\">(9)</a> "
"olarak programları daÄıtabilir, memnun kullanıcılardan baÄıÅ
isteyebilir ya "
"da destek hizmetlerini satabilir. Hâlihazırda bu Åekilde baÅarılı bir "
"biçimde çalıÅan insanlarla karÅılaÅtım."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1087,12 +1153,12 @@
"hak ödeyebilir. Bir grup, grup üyelerinin kullanmak istediÄi programları "
"yazmak için, programlama firmalarıyla anlaÅma yapabilir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr ""
"Tüm geliÅtirme çeÅitlerine bir Yazılım Vergisiyle finansman
saÄlanabilir:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1102,7 +1168,7 @@
"ödemesinin gerekli olduÄunu varsayalım. Hükümet, bunu, yazılım
geliÅtirme "
"konusunda harcamak üzere NSF gibi bir birime verir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1116,7 +1182,7 @@
"Ãdemesinin gerekli olduÄu toplam vergiye kadar olan miktarda ödeme yapmak "
"için kredi alabilir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1124,19 +1190,19 @@
"Toplam vergi oranı vergi ödeyenlerin oyuyla belirlenebilir, "
"vergilendirilecek miktara göre aÄırlıklandırılır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "Sonuçlar:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "Bilgisayar kullanan topluluk yazılım geliÅimini destekler."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Bu topluluk, hangi destek seviyesinin gerekli olduÄuna karar verir."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1144,7 +1210,7 @@
"Paylarının hangi projelere harcandıÄına önem veren kullanıcılar,
kendileri "
"için bunu seçebilir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1163,7 +1229,7 @@
"sayesinde geçimini saÄlamak için gerekli kazancı saÄlayabilme ihtiyacı "
"olmayacaktır."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1183,11 +1249,11 @@
"üretkenlikteki teknik kazançların bizim için daha az çalıÅmaya
dönüÅmesi "
"için yapmalıyız."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "Dipnotlar"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1219,7 +1285,7 @@
"Kopyaya sahip olan herhangi biri, bu kopyanın kullanımı konusunda diÄer "
"insanlarla iÅbirliÄi yapma özgürlüÄüne sahiptir."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1234,10 +1300,16 @@
"html#GiveAwaySoftware\">kafa karıÅtıran kelimeler ve ifadeler</a>” "
"baÄlantısını ziyaret ediniz."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1247,11 +1319,11 @@
"yazılımının kopyalarını alabilirsiniz. Ancak burada yanlıŠanlamı
ifade "
"etmektedir."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "Buna benzer bir çok Åirket günümüzde vardır."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1263,7 +1335,7 @@
"order/order.html\">FSF'den birÅeyler satın alarak</a> çalıÅmasını "
"destekleyebilirsiniz."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1271,7 +1343,7 @@
"GNU C Derleyicisinin devamlılıÄının desteklenmesi için, bir grup
bilgisayar "
"firması 1991'de finansman saÄladı."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1291,10 +1363,21 @@
"ücretli programcının özgür yazılım dünyasında daha az kazanmasını
artık "
"beklemiyorum."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1313,10 +1396,19 @@
"ayrı tartıÅmaktır. <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">Daha fazla "
"açıklamayla</a> bu terimin yaydıÄı karıÅıklık ve taraflılıÄı
görebilirsiniz."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1356,14 +1448,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ãevirilerimizde bulmuÅ olabileceÄiniz hataları, aklınızdaki soru ve "
@@ -1377,9 +1474,13 @@
"\">çalıÅma sayfamızı</a> ziyaret edebilirsiniz."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1420,10 +1521,9 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Son Güncelleme:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/manifesto.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/manifesto.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.11
+++ po/manifesto.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.12
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-07-09 09:39+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"
@@ -23,13 +24,21 @@
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "ÐанÑÑеÑÑ GNU - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд вÑлÑного
пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "ÐанÑÑеÑÑ GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -42,7 +51,7 @@
"оновлÑвавÑÑ, Ñоб вÑдзнаÑиÑи ÑозвиÑок; з
ÑиÑ
пÑÑ Ð·Ð´Ð°ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¹ÐºÑаÑим залиÑиÑи "
"його незмÑнним."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -53,7 +62,7 @@
"могло б допомогÑи ÑникнÑÑи ÑÑ
. ÐиноÑки,
Ð´Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑинаÑÑи з \n"
"1993 ÑокÑ, допомагаÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑниÑи ÑÑ
аÑпекÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -65,7 +74,7 @@
"Щоби дÑзнаÑиÑÑ, Ñк допомогÑи, вÑдвÑдайÑе <a
href=\"/help/help.html\">http://";
"www.gnu.org/help</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -82,17 +91,24 @@
"Ñоб пÑопагÑваÑи <a
href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"
"\">амоÑалÑний пÑдÑ
Ñд</a> до ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑеÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "Що Ñаке GNU? GNU — не Unix!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNU, Ñо ознаÑÐ°Ñ “gnu's Not Unix” \n"
"(GNU — Ñе не Unix),— \n"
@@ -103,7 +119,7 @@
"Ðи дÑже поÑÑебÑÑмо ÑобоÑиÑ
ÑÑк, гÑоÑÑ,
пÑогÑам\n"
"Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -137,7 +153,7 @@
"Ðи ÑподÑваÑмоÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð°Ñи з
ÑаÑом — вÑе Ñе коÑиÑне, \n"
"Ñо зазвиÑай поÑÑавлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· ÑиÑÑемоÑ
ÑÑм'Ñ Unix, Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð²ÑÑÑ Ð±ÑлÑÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -160,7 +176,7 @@
"Ñ ÐÑÑп. ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑежниÑ
з'ÑÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ ÑпÑобÑÑмо
пÑдÑÑимÑваÑи пÑоÑоколи UUCP, "
"Internet, а Ñакож Chaosnet ÐаÑаÑÑÑеÑÑÑкого ÑеÑ
нологÑÑного ÑнÑÑиÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -173,7 +189,7 @@
"ÑобоÑа Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐºÑ ÑÑ Ð½Ð° менÑиÑ
ÐÐÐ
залиÑиÑÑÑÑ \n"
"на ÑаÑÑÐºÑ Ñого, Ñ
Ñо заÑ
оÑе заÑÑоÑовÑваÑи
ÑÑ Ð½Ð° ниÑ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
@@ -181,11 +197,11 @@
"Щоб ÑникнÑÑи жаÑ
Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð»ÑÑанини, бÑдÑ
лаÑка, говоÑÑÑÑ <em>g</em> Ñ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ñ "
"“GNU”, коли воно познаÑÐ°Ñ Ñей пÑоекÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½ пиÑаÑи GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -208,13 +224,20 @@
"зайÑли занадÑо далеко: Ñ Ð½Ðµ змÑг
залиÑаÑиÑÑ Ð² ÑнÑÑиÑÑÑÑ, де Ñаке Ñобили за "
"мене пÑоÑи моÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑже, Ñоб маÑи можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑодовжÑваÑи
коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿'ÑÑеÑами без "
"ганÑби, Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑÑÑив ÑклаÑÑи Ñазом доÑÑаÑнÑ
ÑиÑло вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам з Ñим, Ñоб Ñ "
@@ -222,11 +245,11 @@
"Ñоб не залиÑиÑи ÑнÑÑиÑÑÑÑ Ð¶Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
законного пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑÑÑимаÑи мене вÑд "
"ÑоздаÑÑ<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a> GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ GNU бÑде ÑÑмÑÑна з Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -238,11 +261,11 @@
"Unix, не зÑпÑÑвавÑи ÑиÑ
оÑнов. Ð ÑиÑÑема,
ÑÑмÑÑна з Unix, бÑде зÑÑÑна в "
"оÑвоÑÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°ÑÑоÑ
."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "Як GNU бÑде поÑиÑÑваÑиÑÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -256,17 +279,17 @@
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">невÑлÑнÑ</a> змÑни бÑдÑÑÑ
забоÑоненÑ. Я Ñ
оÑÑ "
"гаÑанÑÑваÑи, Ñо вÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ GNU залиÑаÑÑÑÑ
вÑлÑними."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñо пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв Ñ
оÑÑÑÑ
допомогÑи"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
msgstr "Я знайÑов багаÑо пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв, ÑкÑ
ÑпÑвÑÑваÑÑÑ GNU Ñ Ñ
оÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
@@ -290,7 +313,7 @@
"поÑинаÑÑÑ Ð´ÑмаÑи, Ñо пÑогÑамÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ —
Ñе ÑÑлÑки ÑпоÑÑб заÑобиÑи "
"гÑоÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
@@ -306,11 +329,11 @@
"пÑогÑами, ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ðµ вÑлÑнÑ. ÐÑиблизно длÑ
половини вÑÑÑ
пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв, ÑкиÑ
Ñ "
"пиÑав, Ñе важливий Ñкладник ÑаÑÑÑ, Ñкий
гÑоÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑниÑи не можÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "Чим ви можеÑе допомогÑи"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -326,7 +349,7 @@
"ÐнÑÑ ÑпоÑоби допомогÑи Ð²ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ñ Ñ <a
href=\"/help/help.html\">поÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð· "
"допомоги опеÑаÑÑйнÑй ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU</a>)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
@@ -334,7 +357,7 @@
"Я Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑобникÑв комп'ÑÑеÑÑв
пÑиноÑиÑи в Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ñини Ñ Ð³ÑоÑÑ. Я Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ "
"пÑиваÑниÑ
оÑÑб пÑиноÑиÑи в Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами Ñ
пÑаÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
@@ -347,7 +370,7 @@
"жиÑловиÑ
пÑимÑÑеннÑÑ
Ñ Ð½Ðµ поÑÑебÑваÑи Ñ
иÑÑомÑдÑиÑ
ÑиÑÑем оÑ
Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ "
"живленнÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
@@ -375,7 +398,7 @@
"компоненÑи бÑде здÑйÑненним завданнÑм.
(ЯдÑо Ð·Ð°Ð¶Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð±ÑлÑÑ ÑÑÑного "
"ÑпÑлкÑваннÑ. Ðад ним бÑде пÑаÑÑваÑи
невелика згÑÑÑована гÑÑпа.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
@@ -391,19 +414,23 @@
"даÑи можливÑÑÑÑ ÑамовÑдданим лÑдÑм
пÑиÑвÑÑиÑи вÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ñили ÑобоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ GNU, "
"позбавивÑи ÑÑ
вÑд поÑÑеби заÑоблÑÑи на
жиÑÑÑ ÑнÑим ÑпоÑобом."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "Чим Ñе бÑде коÑиÑно вÑÑм коÑиÑÑÑваÑам
комп'ÑÑеÑÑв"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Як ÑÑлÑки GNU бÑде напиÑана, кожен зможе
оÑÑимаÑи гаÑне ÑиÑÑемне пÑогÑамне "
"забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñак Ñамо вÑлÑно, Ñк повÑÑÑÑ.<a
href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
@@ -414,7 +441,7 @@
"пÑаÑÑ ÑиÑÑемниÑ
пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв. ÐамÑÑÑÑ
ÑÑого ÑÑ
Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑаÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ðµ пÑÑи на ÑозвиÑок "
"вже ÑÑнÑÑÑого."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
@@ -428,7 +455,7 @@
"ÐоÑиÑÑÑваÑам не доведеÑÑÑÑ Ð±ÑлÑÑе ÑекаÑи
милоÑÑей вÑд одного пÑогÑамÑÑÑа або "
"компанÑÑ, Ñо володÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑаÑковими ÑекÑÑами
ÑпÑеÑогаÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑиÑи змÑни."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
@@ -444,7 +471,7 @@
"ÑÑого Ñм доводилоÑÑ Ð²ÑдмовлÑÑиÑÑ Ð²Ñд
вÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÐµÐ²Ð½Ð¸Ñ
пÑогÑам. Я бÑв в "
"знаÑнÑй мÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑ
ненний Ñим."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
@@ -453,7 +480,7 @@
"пÑогÑамами Ñ Ñо Ð¹Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¾, а Ñо не
дозволено ÑобиÑи з ними, бÑдÑÑÑ "
"знÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
@@ -478,7 +505,7 @@
"обÑÑливÑ. ÐÑаÑе ÑÑÑимÑваÑи повÑÑÑÑний
завод поголовним подаÑком Ñ ÑкинÑÑи "
"пÑоÑигази."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
@@ -486,11 +513,11 @@
"ÐопÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑ
ÑаÑÑин пÑогÑами Ñак Ñамо
пÑиÑодно Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑа, Ñк "
"диÑ
аннÑ, Ñ Ñак Ñамо пÑодÑкÑивно. Ðоно
повинно бÑÑи Ñеж вÑлÑним."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "ÐеÑÐºÑ Ð»ÐµÐ³ÐºÐ¾ ÑпÑоÑÑовÑванÑ
запеÑеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑи ÑÑлей GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
@@ -499,7 +526,7 @@
"ÑиÑÑемÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо вони не зможÑÑÑ \n"
"ÑозÑаÑ
овÑваÑи на ÑкÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑдÑÑимкє</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
@@ -507,11 +534,16 @@
"<strong>“ÐоводиÑÑÑÑ Ð±ÑаÑи плаÑÑ Ð·Ð°
пÑогÑамÑ, Ñоб оплаÑиÑи "
"пÑдÑÑимкє</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ЯкÑо лÑди гоÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ ÑвидÑе плаÑиÑи за GNU \n"
"Ñазом з обÑлÑговÑваннÑм, нÑж взÑÑи GNU \n"
@@ -520,7 +552,7 @@
"Ñо оÑÑимали GNU вÑлÑно, Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð±ÑÑи \n"
"пÑибÑÑковим.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
@@ -532,7 +564,7 @@
"пÑогÑам. ЯкÑо ваÑа пÑоблема не ÑÑоÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ
доÑиÑÑ Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑиÑла лÑдей, "
"виÑобник попÑоÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð²ÑдÑепиÑиÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
@@ -551,7 +583,7 @@
"знайдеÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ·Ð°Ð¹Ð½ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÐµÑенÑноÑ
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ÑвÑÑовиÑ
пÑоблем,
ÑÑлÑки деÑÐºÑ Ð· ниÑ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
@@ -561,7 +593,7 @@
"допомоги: Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð° ниÑ
Ñого, Ñо вони
ÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ð»ÐµÐ³ÐºÐ¾ зÑобили б, але не знаÑÑÑ "
"Ñк."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
@@ -579,7 +611,7 @@
"небÑÐ´Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑÑ. У Ñой же ÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑ Ð· наÑ, комÑ
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"коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ· оплаÑи
поÑлÑг."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
@@ -587,7 +619,7 @@
"<strong>“Ðи не ÑÑанеÑе попÑлÑÑÐ½Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ·
Ñеклами, а Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑого доведеÑÑÑÑ "
"ÑÑÑгÑваÑи плаÑÑ Ð·Ð° пÑогÑамє</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get free.”"
"</strong>"
@@ -595,7 +627,7 @@
"<strong>“ÐÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ ÑенÑÑ ÑекламÑваÑи пÑогÑамÑ,
ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð° оÑÑимаÑи "
"вÑлÑно”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
@@ -612,19 +644,25 @@
"Ñоб оплаÑиÑи ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ñ Ñа ÑнÑе. Таким Ñином,
за ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑлÑки ÑÑ, "
"ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð° коÑиÑна."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+#| "companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
msgid ""
"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
-"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+"let the free market decide this? <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f4\">[5]</a>"
msgstr ""
"Ð ÑнÑого бокÑ, ÑкÑо багаÑо оÑÑимаÑÑÑ GNU вÑд
ÑвоÑÑ
знайомиÑ
, Ñ ÑÐ°ÐºÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÑÑ "
"не бÑдÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð°Ñи ÑÑпÑÑ
Ñ, Ñе покаже, Ñо
наÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð´Ñ Ñеклама не поÑÑÑбна Ð´Ð»Ñ "
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илÑники вÑлÑного
ÑÐ¸Ð½ÐºÑ Ð½Ðµ Ñ
оÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñи виÑÑÑиÑи "
"Ñе вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑинкÑ?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
"competitive edge.”</strong>"
@@ -632,7 +670,7 @@
"<strong>“ÐоÑй компанÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑбна ÑÑÑмова
опеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема, Ñоб бÑÑи "
"попеÑÐµÐ´Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑÑенÑÑв”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
@@ -649,16 +687,21 @@
"ÑподобаÑÑÑÑÑ, ÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ не поÑаÑÑило. ЯкÑо
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"даÑÑÑ Ð²ÑÑгнÑÑи Ð²Ð°Ñ Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ñ ÑпÑавÑ
ÑоÑгÑÐ²Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑйними ÑиÑÑемами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+#| "manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
msgid ""
"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
-"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each <a class=\"ftn\" "
+"href=\"#f5\">[6]</a>."
msgstr ""
"Я Ñ
оÑÑв би побаÑиÑи, Ñк ÑозÑÐ¾Ð±ÐºÑ GNU
пÑдÑÑимÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ñи багаÑÑоÑ
виÑобникÑв "
"Ñ \n"
"коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв, знижÑÑÑи ваÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ
кожного.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their creativity?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -666,7 +709,7 @@
"<strong>“Ð¥Ñба пÑогÑамÑÑÑи не заÑлÑговÑÑÑÑ
нагоÑоди за ÑвоÑÑÑÑÑÑ?”"
"</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
@@ -680,7 +723,7 @@
"нагоÑоди за ÑÑвоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑедовиÑ
пÑогÑам,
Ñо з ÑÑÑÑ Ð¶ пÑиÑини вони "
"заÑлÑговÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°ÑаннÑ, ÑкÑо вони
обмежÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñими пÑогÑамами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
"creativity?”</strong>"
@@ -688,7 +731,7 @@
"<strong>“Ðевже Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑа не повинна
бÑÑи можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоÑиÑи "
"винагоÑоди за ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑвоÑÑÑÑÑÑ?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
@@ -699,7 +742,7 @@
"Ðле коÑÑи, звиÑÐ°Ð¹Ð½Ñ Ð² галÑÐ·Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамного
забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑÑогоднÑ, базÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
"ÑÑйнÑваннÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
@@ -713,7 +756,7 @@
"Ðоли на Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¹Ð´ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð²Ð¼Ð¸Ñно,
ÑкÑÐ´Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑлÑдки — Ñе ÑмиÑне "
"ÑÑйнÑваннÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
@@ -731,11 +774,11 @@
"винагоÑодженим за ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑвоÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ
випÑавдовÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð±Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑвÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ñ "
"ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ ÑаÑÑини ÑÑÑÑ ÑвоÑÑоÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“Ðе бÑдÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑи
голодÑваÑи?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
@@ -747,7 +790,7 @@
"жалÑбно. Ðле Ñе не ознаÑаÑ, Ñо ми заÑÑдженÑ
пÑоводиÑи наÑе жиÑÑÑ, пÑоÑÑÑи "
"милоÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÑи. Ðи Ñобимо ÑоÑÑ
ÑнÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
@@ -757,7 +800,7 @@
"Ñо без влаÑноÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° пÑогÑами пÑогÑамÑÑÑи,
можливо, не оÑÑимаÑÑÑ Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ñйки. "
"ÐеÑедбаÑаÑÑÑÑÑ, вÑе або нÑÑого."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
@@ -766,13 +809,22 @@
"Ñо вони вÑе одно зможÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÑимÑваÑи плаÑÑ
за пÑогÑамÑваннÑ, ÑÑлÑки не Ñак "
"багаÑо, Ñк заÑаз."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It "
+#| "is the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the "
+#| "most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+#| "business would move to other bases of organization which are now used "
+#| "less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of "
+#| "business."
msgid ""
"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
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-"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
-"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+"the most common basis <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f8\">[7]</a> because it "
+"brings in the most money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the "
+"customer, software business would move to other bases of organization which "
+"are now used less often. There are always numerous ways to organize any "
+"kind of business."
msgstr ""
"ÐÐ±Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ — не Ñдине, на
ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÑÑÑ Ð±Ð°Ð·ÑваÑиÑÑ "
"пÑдпÑиÑмÑÑва з виÑобниÑÑва пÑогÑам. Ðа
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@@ -781,7 +833,7 @@
"ÑнÑÑ Ð¿ÑинÑипи оÑганÑзаÑÑÑ, ÑÐºÑ Ð·Ð°Ñаз
залÑÑаÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑдÑе. Ðавжди Ñ ÑиÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
"ÑпоÑоби оÑганÑзаÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑдпÑиÑмÑÑв
бÑдÑ-Ñкого ÑодÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
@@ -795,7 +847,7 @@
"ÑÑÑлÑки ж, Ñе Ñеж не бÑло б
неÑпÑаведливÑÑÑÑ. (Ðа пÑакÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸
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"вÑе-Ñаки знаÑно бÑлÑÑе ÑÑого.)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
"used?”</strong>"
@@ -803,7 +855,7 @@
"<strong>“Ð¥Ñба лÑди не маÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñава
конÑÑолÑваÑи, Ñк викоÑиÑÑовÑÑÑÑÑÑ "
"ÑÑ
Ð½Ñ ÑвоÑÑÑÑÑÑ?”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
@@ -813,13 +865,20 @@
"конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ жиÑÑÑм лÑдей; Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñай його
викоÑиÑÑовÑÑÑÑ, Ñоб ÑÑкладниÑи Ñм "
"жиÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
-"\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no intrinsic "
-"right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed intellectual property "
-"rights that the government recognizes were created by specific acts of "
-"legislation for specific purposes."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a href="
+#| "\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+#| "intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+#| "intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created "
+#| "by specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights <a "
+"class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f6\">[8]</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that "
+"there is no intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
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msgstr ""
"ТÑ, Ñ
Ñо ÑеÑелÑно вивÑив пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо пÑава
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"\"#f6\">(8)</a> \n"
@@ -828,7 +887,7 @@
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ÑÑвоÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ñобливими пÑавовими акÑами Ð´Ð»Ñ "
"оÑобливиÑ
ÑÑлей."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
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@@ -848,7 +907,7 @@
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бÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑиваÑниÑ
оÑÑб, ÑÐºÑ "
"коÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑованими пÑодÑкÑами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
@@ -867,7 +926,7 @@
"на дÑÑкаÑÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑаÑÑ, Ñкоди вÑд неÑ
бÑло не багаÑо, Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð° не обÑÑжÑвала "
"бÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÑб, ÑÐºÑ ÑиÑали книги."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
@@ -880,7 +939,7 @@
"ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð³ÑÐ°Ñ Ð²Ñд ÑÑого. Ðле Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ
конкÑеÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑи: Ñи "
"ÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð´Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ вигÑаÑмо, даÑÑи Ñакий дозвÑл?
Якого ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð´ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸ дозволÑÑмо?"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
@@ -900,12 +959,12 @@
"маÑеÑÑалÑно, Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑалÑно; в ÑкомÑ
оÑобиÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ \n"
"повинна ÑÑого ÑобиÑи незалежно вÑд Ñого,
Ñи дозволÑÑ Ñе закон."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“ÐонкÑÑенÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÐ´Ðµ до
ÑозвиÑкє</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
@@ -923,7 +982,7 @@
"напÑиклад, напад на ÑнÑиÑ
бÑгÑнÑв. ЯкÑо
бÑг пеÑейде в кÑлаÑний бÑй, вони вÑÑ "
"пÑийдÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñзно."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
@@ -937,7 +996,7 @@
"вÑн повинен ÑозбоÑониÑи ÑÑ
Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°ÑаÑи
бÑгÑнÑв за Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñе ÑпÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÑÑÑи "
"бÑйкÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary incentive?"
"”</strong>"
@@ -945,7 +1004,7 @@
"<strong>“Ð¥Ñба без гÑоÑового ÑÑимÑÐ»Ñ Ð²ÑÑ Ð½Ðµ
пÑипинÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑваÑи?"
"”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
@@ -958,7 +1017,7 @@
"пÑодовжÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð¼Ð°ÑиÑÑ Ñим, навÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¸ Ñ
ниÑ
Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑобиÑи Ñим на "
"жиÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
@@ -971,7 +1030,7 @@
"пÑогÑамÑваÑи пÑи Ð·Ð½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð³ÑоÑового
ÑÑимÑлÑ?” ÐÑй доÑвÑд каже, Ñо "
"бÑдÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
@@ -984,7 +1043,7 @@
"негÑоÑовиÑ
винагоÑод: Ñлава Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ,
напÑиклад. ÐÑÑм Ñого, ÑвоÑÑÑÑÑÑ "
"— Ñе Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ñода Ñама по
ÑобÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
"for a lot of money."
@@ -992,7 +1051,7 @@
"ÐоÑÑм бÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· ниÑ
пÑÑли, коли
ÑÑапилаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑобиÑи ÑÑ Ð¶ ÑÑÐºÐ°Ð²Ñ ÑобоÑÑ "
"Ñ Ð¾ÑÑимÑваÑи багаÑо гÑоÑей."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
@@ -1005,7 +1064,7 @@
"ÐизÑкооплаÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑганÑзаÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаÑÑÑ
виÑокооплаÑÑваним, але вони могли б "
"бÑÑи на ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¶ ÑÑвнÑ, Ñкби
виÑокооплаÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð±Ñли забоÑоненÑ. "
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
@@ -1013,7 +1072,7 @@
"<strong>“Ðи вкÑай поÑÑебÑÑмо пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв;
ÑкÑо вони вимагаÑÑÑ, Ñоб ми "
"пÑипинили допомагаÑи ближнÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑвоÑмÑ, ми
Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑиÑÑ”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
@@ -1022,12 +1081,12 @@
"ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð°Ð¼. Ðам'ÑÑайÑе: “ÐÑаÑе
мÑлÑйони виÑÑаÑиÑи на обоÑонÑ, нÑж "
"виплаÑиÑи Ñ
Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½ ÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑибÑÑÑÑ!"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dt>
msgid ""
"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“ÐÐ¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¶ пÑогÑамÑÑÑи ÑимоÑÑ
жиÑи!”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
@@ -1041,7 +1100,7 @@
"бÑлÑÑе вÑÑого гÑоÑей, а не ÑомÑ, Ñо
Ñе Ñдиний ÑпоÑÑб заÑобиÑи на "
"жиÑÑÑ. ЯкÑо ви заÑ
оÑеÑе, Ñо легко знайдеÑе
ÑнÑÑ ÑлÑÑ
и. ÐÑÑ ÐºÑлÑка пÑикладÑв."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
"operating systems onto the new hardware."
@@ -1049,7 +1108,7 @@
"ÐиÑобник, Ñо випÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð¹ комп'ÑÑеÑ,
заплаÑиÑÑ Ð·Ð° пеÑенеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ "
"ÑиÑÑеми на Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð°Ð¿Ð°ÑаÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
"programmers."
@@ -1057,17 +1116,24 @@
"ÐÑдпÑиÑмÑÑво, Ñке Ð½Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑлÑги з
навÑаннÑ, допомоги Ñ Ð¿ÑдÑÑимки, могло б "
"Ñакож найнÑÑи пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href=\"#f7\">"
-"(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling handholding "
-"services. I have met people who are already working this way successfully."
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a href="
+#| "\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+#| "handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+#| "successfully."
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware <a class="
+"\"ftn\" href=\"#f7\">[9]</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or "
+"selling handholding services. I have met people who are already working "
+"this way successfully."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑди з новими ÑдеÑми могли б поÑÑавлÑÑи
безкоÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами<a href=\"#f7\">"
"(9)</a>, пÑиймаÑÑи даÑи вÑд задоволениÑ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв або пÑодаÑÑи поÑлÑги Ñз "
"допомоги. Я зÑÑÑÑÑÑав лÑдей, ÑÐºÑ Ð²Ð¶Ðµ
ÑÑпÑÑно пÑаÑÑÑÑÑ Ñак."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -1077,11 +1143,11 @@
"плаÑиÑи внеÑки. СпÑлкаÑкладала би з
пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑÑкими компанÑÑми договÑÑна "
"випÑÑк пÑогÑам, ÑÐºÑ Ñлени ÑпÑлки Ñ
оÑÑли б
оÑÑимаÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "ÐÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸ ÑозÑобок можна ÑÑнанÑÑваÑи
пÑогÑамними подаÑками:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -1091,7 +1157,7 @@
"Ñк пÑогÑамний подаÑок. УÑÑд пеÑÐµÐ´Ð°Ñ Ð¹Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
агенÑÑÑÐ²Ñ Ð½Ð° кÑÑÐ°Ð»Ñ ÐаÑÑоналÑного "
"наÑкового ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð² ÑозвиÑок
пÑогÑам."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -1105,7 +1171,7 @@
"ÑподÑваÑÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑовÑваÑи по
завеÑÑеннÑ. ÐÑн може заÑаÑ
ÑваÑи бÑдÑ-ÑÐºÑ "
"ÑÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑвÑванÑ, аж до виплаÑи подаÑкÑ
повнÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
@@ -1113,19 +1179,19 @@
"РозмÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ñг би визнаÑаÑиÑÑ
голоÑÑваннÑм плаÑникÑв подаÑкÑв,
виваженим "
"вÑдповÑдно до оподаÑковÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑÑми."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "ÐаÑлÑдки:"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "ТоваÑиÑÑво коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв комп'ÑÑеÑÑв
пÑдÑÑимÑÑ ÑозÑÐ¾Ð±ÐºÑ Ð¿ÑогÑам."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "Це ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑво визнаÑÐ°Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ
Ñдний
ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑдÑÑимки."
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
@@ -1133,7 +1199,7 @@
"ÐоÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ, Ñким небайдÑже, на ÑкÑ
пÑоекÑи виÑÑаÑÑÑÑ ÑÑ
ÑаÑÑкÑ, можÑÑÑ "
"вибÑаÑи ÑамÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -1151,7 +1217,7 @@
"ÑобоÑÑв Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑиаÑÑеÑоÑдна безпека. Там не
поÑÑÑбна бÑде можливÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑоблÑÑи "
"на жиÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑваннÑм."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -1170,11 +1236,11 @@
"галÑÐ·Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑобниÑÑва пÑогÑам. Ðи Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñе
зÑобиÑи, Ñоб помножена ÑеÑ
нÑÐºÐ¾Ñ "
"пÑодÑкÑивнÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð²ÐµÑÑалаÑÑ Ð² ÑкоÑоÑеннÑ
наÑÐ¾Ñ ÑобоÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "ÐиноÑки"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1203,7 +1269,7 @@
"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ñим кÑаÑе. Ðажливо Ñе, Ñо Ñ
кожного, Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑ, Ñ "
"Ñвобода ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑваÑи з ÑнÑими в ÑÑ
заÑÑоÑÑваннÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1217,10 +1283,16 @@
"“<a
href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\">Слова Ñ "
"ÑÑази, Ñо вводÑÑÑ Ð² оманÑ</a>”."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1229,11 +1301,11 @@
"оÑÑимаÑи копÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑам GNU
безкоÑÑовно — вÑд знайомиÑ
або по "
"меÑежÑ. Ðле воно пеÑедбаÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ
дÑмкÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "ÐÑлÑка ÑакиÑ
компанÑй вже ÑÑнÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1245,7 +1317,7 @@
"оÑганÑзаÑÑÑ. Ðи можеÑе <a
href=\"/order/order.html\">зÑобиÑи Ð·Ð°Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð² "
"ÑондÑ</a> Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑдÑÑимки наÑÐ¾Ñ ÑобоÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
@@ -1253,7 +1325,7 @@
"ÐÑÑпа комп'ÑÑеÑниÑ
компанÑй пÑиблизно в
1991 ÑоÑÑ Ð·ÑбÑала Ñонди на пÑдÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐºÑ "
"компÑлÑÑоÑа GNU C."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1274,10 +1346,21 @@
"бÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоÑеÑÑйниÑ
пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв бÑде
менÑе заÑоблÑÑи в ÑвÑÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
"
"пÑогÑам."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1297,10 +1380,19 @@
"\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">подалÑÑе поÑÑненнÑ</a>
Ñого, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñей ÑеÑмÑн "
"вноÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ð»ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±'ÑкÑивнÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1339,14 +1431,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад ÑоÑним
Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
@@ -1357,9 +1454,13 @@
"translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð·
пеÑекладє</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc. (Фонд вÑлÑного
пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
@@ -1398,11 +1499,23 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðновлено:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (Фонд вÑлÑного
пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ, "
-"Inc.)"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад
ÑоÑним Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
+#~ "можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¸ ми не можемо.
ÐадÑилайÑе, бÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+#~ "Ñ Ð¿ÑопозиÑÑÑ Ñодо пеÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
href=\"mailto:web-";
+#~ "translators@gnu.org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>. </"
+#~ "p><p>ÐÑдомоÑÑÑ Ð· кооÑдинаÑÑÑ Ñа
пÑопозиÑÑй пеÑекладÑв наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей див. Ñ "
+#~ "<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑбникÑ
з "
+#~ "пеÑекладє</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (Фонд вÑлÑного
пÑогÑамного "
+#~ "забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
Index: po/manifesto.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/manifesto.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/manifesto.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:41 -0000 1.7
+++ po/manifesto.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.8
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-02-16 20:08+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,18 +14,27 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNUå®£è¨ - GNUå·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
msgstr "GNU宣è¨"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://";
+#| "www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
+#| "developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
+#| "original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor "
+#| "ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave it "
+#| "unchanged."
msgid ""
-"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"http://www.";
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a href=\"https://www.";
"stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for support in "
"developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken from the "
"original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in minor ways "
@@ -36,7 +45,7 @@
"åå§å£°æãç´å°1987å¹´ï¼å 为å¼åçåå
å®æ¶æ¶å°ææ´æ¹ï¼é£æ¶èµ·ï¼çèµ·æ¥æ好æ¯ä¿æ"
"å®ä¸åæ¹åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Since that time, we have learned about certain common misunderstandings that "
"different wording could help avoid. Footnotes added since 1993 help clarify "
@@ -45,7 +54,7 @@
"æ¶è¿å¢è¿ï¼æ们认è¯å°ä½¿ç¨ä¸åçæªè¾å¯ä»¥é¿å
ä¸äºå¸¸è§ç误解ãä»1993å¹´èµ·ï¼æ们添"
"å äºè注æ¥æ¾æ¸
è¿äºé®é¢ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"If you want to install the GNU/Linux system, we recommend you use one of the "
"<a href=\"/distros\">100% free software GNU/Linux distributions</a>. For "
@@ -56,7 +65,7 @@
"Linuxåè¡ç</a>ä¹ä¸ãå¦æä½ æ³ååºè´¡ç®ï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/help/help.html"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"The GNU Project is part of the Free Software Movement, a campaign for <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">freedom for users of software</a>. It is "
@@ -71,23 +80,30 @@
"该è¯æ±æ¥æ¨å¨åä¸é¢åç<a
href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"
"\">ééå¾·æ¹æ¡</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "What's GNU? Gnu's Not Unix!"
msgstr "GNU为ä½ï¼GNU并éUNIXï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
+#| "compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
+#| "free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
+#| "volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
+#| "equipment are greatly needed."
msgid ""
"GNU, which stands for Gnu's Not Unix, is the name for the complete Unix-"
"compatible software system which I am writing so that I can give it away "
-"free to everyone who can use it.<a href=\"#f1\">(1)</a> Several other "
-"volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, programs and "
-"equipment are greatly needed."
+"free to everyone who can use it <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f1\">[1]</a>. "
+"Several other volunteers are helping me. Contributions of time, money, "
+"programs and equipment are greatly needed."
msgstr ""
"GNUï¼ä»£è¡¨çæ¯Gnu's Not
Unixï¼GNU并éUNIXï¼ï¼æ¯ææ£å¨ç¼åçä¸ä¸ªå®å
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¼å®¹Unixç"
"软件系ç»ï¼è¿æ
·æå°±å¯ä»¥æå®èªç±å°äº¤ç»æ³è¦ä½¿ç¨å®ç人ã<a
href=\"#f1\">(1)</a>è¿"
"æå 个å¿æ¿è
å¨å¸®å©æãæ们é常éè¦å¤§å®¶å¨æ¶é´ãéé±ãç¨åºå设å¤æ¹é¢çè´¡ç®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"So far we have an Emacs text editor with Lisp for writing editor commands, a "
"source level debugger, a yacc-compatible parser generator, a linker, and "
@@ -112,7 +128,7 @@
"åºç¨ä»¥åå¨çº¿ææ¡£ãæç»ï¼æ们å¸ææä¾Unixç³»ç»å¸¸è§å¸¦æçä¸åæç¨ä¹ç©ï¼ä»¥åæ´"
"å¤ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix. "
"We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience "
@@ -130,7 +146,7 @@
"Lispççªå£ç³»ç»ï¼æ¤æ¶Lispç¨åºåæ®éUnixç¨åºå¯ä»¥å
±äº«ä¸ä¸ªå±å¹ãCåLispé½å°ä½ä¸ºç³»"
"ç»ç¼ç¨è¯è¨ãæ们ä¼æ¯æUUCPãMIT
ChaosnetåInternetçéä¿¡åè®®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
@@ -140,18 +156,18 @@
"GNUæåçç®æ æ¯68000/16000ä¹ç±»ç带èæå
åçæºå¨ï¼å
为å®ä»¬æ¯æ容æè·èµ·æ¥çæº"
"å¨ã让GNUå¨æ´å°çæºå¨ä¸è¿è¡çé¢å¤åªåå°±çç»é£äºéè¦ä½¿ç¨è¿äºæºå¨ç人å§ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
msgstr ""
"为äºé¿å
å¯æçæ··æ·ï¼è¯·å¨æ示æ¬å·¥ç¨æ¶ï¼å库GNU”ä¸<em>g</em>çé³ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
msgstr "为ä»ä¹æå¿
é¡»ç¼åGNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
@@ -169,23 +185,30 @@
"å å¹´æ¥ï¼æå¨äººå·¥æºè½å®éªå®¤é½å¨åæè¿ç§è¶å¿ä»¥åå
¶ä»å·æ¼ ï¼ä½æ¯æç»ä»ä»¬è¿æ¯èµ°å¾"
"太è¿äºï¼ææ
æ³ååå¨ä¸ä¸ªä¸ºæåè¿èæææ¿ä¹äºçæºæã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided "
+#| "to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able "
+#| "to get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from "
+#| "the AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU "
+#| "away.<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
msgid ""
"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
-"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
-"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2a\">[2]</a>."
msgstr ""
"为äºè½å¤ç»§ç»ä¸å¤±é¢é¢å°ä½¿ç¨è®¡ç®æºï¼æå³å®æä¸äºå¿
è¦çèªç±è½¯ä»¶éåå¨ä¸èµ·ï¼è¿æ ·"
"æå°±è½å¤ç»§ç»ä¸å»èä¸éè¦ä»»ä½éèªç±è½¯ä»¶ãæä»äººå·¥æºè½å®éªå®¤è¾äºèï¼è¿æ
·å°±å¯ä»¥"
"å¨æåå¸GNUæ¶é¿å
åMIT产çæ³å¾çº èã<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
msgstr "为ä»ä¹GNUå°ä¼å
¼å®¹Unix"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
@@ -196,11 +219,11 @@
"为æå¯ä»¥å¨ä¸ç ´åè¿äºå¥½åè½çæ
åµä¸å¡«è¡¥Unix缺å°çä¸è¥¿ãèä¸åUnixå
¼å®¹å¯ä»¥è®©è®¸"
"å¤äººè½å¤æ¹ä¾¿å°æ¥çº³å®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
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msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
msgstr "å¦ä½è·åGNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
@@ -212,17 +235,17 @@
"ç»åå¸ãå°±æ¯è¯´ï¼å®ä¸å
许<a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
"html#ProprietarySoftware\">ä¸ææ§</a>çä¿®æ¹ãææ³è®©GNUçææçæ¬é½ä¿æèªç±ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
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msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
msgstr "为ä»ä¹è®¸å¤ç¨åºåæ³è¦æä¾å¸®å©"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
"help."
msgstr "æåç°è®¸å¤ç¨åºåçå°GNUå¾å
´å¥å¹¶æ³è¦æä¾å¸®å©ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
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"å¨åè°åå®æ³ä¹é´ææ©ãèªç¶å°ï¼è®¸å¤äººè®¤ä¸ºåè°æ´éè¦ãä½æ¯è®¸å¤å®æ³ç人é常ä¼æ"
"å°éåªä¸ªé½ä¸èªå¨ãä»ä»¬åå¾æ¤ä¸å«ä¿å¹¶ä¸è®¤ä¸ºç¼ç¨åªæ¯ä¸ä¸ªæ£é±çæ段ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
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"èªç±è½¯ä»¶ä¸å¯è½æçãå°±åæ讨论è¿çç¨åºåæ¥è¯´ï¼å¤§çº¦ä¸å人认为è¿æ¯ä¸ä¸ªéè¦ç幸"
"ç¦æï¼èå®æ¯éé±æ æ³æ¿ä»£çã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "How You Can Contribute"
msgstr "ä½ è¯¥å¦ä½ååºè´¡ç®"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a href=\"http://fsf.org/";
"campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects list</a> and the <a "
@@ -273,13 +296,13 @@
"type_id=1\">GNU帮å©éæ±å表</a>ï¼è¿æ¯GNU软件å
çä¸è¬ä»»å¡å表ãå
¶ä»å¸®å©ï¼è¯·ç"
"<a href=\"/help/help.html\">帮å©GNUæä½ç³»ç»çæå</a>ãï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
msgstr "æ请æ±è®¡ç®æºå¶é
åæå©æºå¨åéé±ãæ请æ±ä¸ªäººæå©ç¨åºåä½åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
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"å¦æä½ æå©æºå¨ï¼ä½ å¯ä»¥æå¾
çç»æå°±æ¯GNUå°ä¼æ©ä¸å¤©å¨è¯¥æºå¨ä¸è¿è¡ãæå©çæºå¨åº"
"该æ¯å®å¤çãå¯ç¨çç³»ç»ï¼å®åºè¯¥éç¨äºå±
家çç¯å¢ï¼å¹¶æ
éå¤æçå·å´æä¾çµç³»ç»ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
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"sup>ï¼èåè¿äºé¨ä»¶ä¹æ¯å¯ä»¥å®æçä»»å¡ãï¼å
æ
¸å°éè¦æ´å¯åçæ²éï¼å®å°ä¼ç±ä¸ä¸ª"
"å°çãç´§åçå°ç»æ¥è¿è¡ãï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
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"åæ¥ççè¯ä¸é«ï¼ä½æ¯æè¦æ¾ç人è¦åçééé±ä¸æ
·çä¸ç¤¾åºç²¾ç¥ç建设ãææè¿å½ä½"
"ä¸ç§æ¹æ³ï¼å®è®©ä¸äºäººè½å¤å
¨èº«å¿å°ä¸ºGNUå·¥ä½èä¸ç¨å¯»æ±å
¶ä»è°ççæ段ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
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msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
msgstr "为ä»ä¹ææ计ç®æºç¨æ·é½ä¼åç"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+#| "free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
msgid ""
"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
-"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+"free, just like air <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f2\">[3]</a>."
msgstr ""
"ä¸æ¦GNUå®æï¼ä»»ä½äººé½è½å¤èªç±å°å¾å°ä¸ä¸ªå¥½ç¨çç³»ç»ï¼æ£å¦å¾å°ç©ºæ°ä¸æ
·ã<a href="
"\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
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"å
¶æä¹è¿è¿è¶
åºäºåªæ¯ä¸ºæ¯ä¸ªäººçå»ä¸ä»½Unix许å¯è¯è´¹ç¨ãè¿æå³çé¿å
äºå¤§ééå¤ç"
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æç浪费ãè¿äºåªåå°±å¯ä»¥ç¨äºæ¨è¿ææ¯çè¿æ¥ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
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"å°èªå·±ä¿®æ¹æéç¨å
¶ä»ç¨åºåæå
¬å¸æ¥æ¹ãç¨æ·å°±ç¨ä¸åç¥æ±æ¥ææºä»£ç çé£ä¸å®¶å
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
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¬å¼æ¾ç¤ºå¨å±å¹ä¸ï¼é£ä¹å°±ä¸è½å®è£
该"
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æäºç¨åºãæåæ¤å¯åè¯å¤ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
msgstr "æåï¼èèè°æ¯ç³»ç»è½¯ä»¶çææè
以åè°åºè¯¥åæä¸åä»ä¹çå¼éä¹è¢«å解äºã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
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msgid ""
"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
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"å¤å¶å
¨é¨æé¨åç¨åºå¯¹ç¨åºåæ¥è¯´åå¼å¸ä¸æ ·èªç¶ï¼ä¸æ
·æç产åãå®ä¹åºè¯¥ä¸æ ·èª"
"ç±ã"
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msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
msgstr "ä¸äºå®¹æ驳æ¥çãå对GNUç®æ çè§ç¹"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
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"<strong>“å¦æå
è´¹ï¼å°±æ²¡æ人ä¼ç¨äºï¼å 为ç¨æ·æ²¡æå¯é
çææ¯æ¯æã”"
"</strong>"
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msgid ""
"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
"support.”</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“ä½ å¿
须对ç¨åºæ¶é±æè½æä¾ææ¯æ¯æã”</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+#| "service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained "
+#| "GNU free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
msgid ""
"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
-"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+"free ought to be profitable <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#f3\">[4]</a>."
msgstr ""
"å¦æ人们å®æ¿å
è´¹è·å¾æ²¡ææå¡çGNUï¼èä¸æ¯ä»è´¹ç»GNUè·å¾æå¡ï¼é£ä¹ä¸ºå
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"ææ¯æå¡çå
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msgid ""
"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
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msgid ""
"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
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¶ä¸ä¸"
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msgstr "<strong>“对å
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+#| "necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want "
+#| "to let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
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msgid ""
"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
@@ -908,11 +974,11 @@
"éæ±ç¸å
³çç¨æ·å¯ä»¥ç»å»ºç¨æ·ç»ï¼å¹¶æ¯ä»ä¼è´¹ãç¨æ·ç»å°±å¯ä»¥åç¨åºå
¬å¸ç¾çº¦è®©å
¬å¸å®"
"å¶ç»å
æåéè¦çç¨åºã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
msgstr "ææå¼åè´¹ç¨é½å¯ä»¥ç±è½¯ä»¶ç¨æ¥æ¯ä»ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
@@ -921,7 +987,7 @@
"å设æ¯ä¸ªè´ä¹°è®¡ç®æºçç¨æ·é½è¦æä»·æ
¼æ¯ä»ä¸å®æ¯ä¾ç软件ç¨ãæ¿åºå¯ä»¥è®©è¯¸å¦"
"NSF<sup><a
href=\"#TransNote4\">4</a></sup>ä¹ç±»ç代ç使ç¨è¯¥ç¨æ¶æ¯æ软件å¼åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
@@ -932,31 +998,31 @@
"ä½æ¯å¦æè´ä¹°è
èªå·±å软件å¼ååäºæå©ï¼é£ä¹ä»å¯ä»¥åç¨ãä»å¯ä»¥èªå·±éæ©æå©é¡¹ç®"
"—é常ï¼ä»ä¼éæ©ä»å¸æè½å¤ç¨å°ç项ç®ãåç¨é¢åº¦æé«æ¯å
ç¨ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid ""
"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
msgstr
"ç¨çå¯ä»¥ç±äº¤ç¨ç人æ票å³å®ï¼ç¥¨çæéå¯ä»¥æ大家çåºç¨é¢æ¥ç®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><p>
msgid "The consequences:"
msgstr "ç»æï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
msgstr "计ç®æºä½¿ç¨ç¤¾ç¾¤æ¯æ软件å¼åã"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
msgstr "该社群å³å®åºè¯¥æ¯æå°ä»ä¹ç¨åº¦ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><dl><dd><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
"themselves."
msgstr "ç¨æ·å¯ä»¥æ ¹æ®èªå·±çéè¦æ¥éæ©è¦æ¯æç项ç®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
@@ -971,7 +1037,7 @@
"å¤ï¼è½å¤èªç±æå
¥å°è±¡ç¼ç¨è¿æ
·çæ趣活å¨ä¸ãé£æ¶ï¼å°±æ²¡æå¿
è¦å以ç¼ç¨ä¸ºè°çæ段"
"äºã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
@@ -987,11 +1053,11 @@
"çææãèªç±è½¯ä»¶ä¼å¤§å¤§åå°å¨è½¯ä»¶ç产é¢åçç产åæµå¤±ãæ们å¿
é¡»åè¿ä»¶äºï¼ä¸ºäº"
"使ææ¯è¿æ¥å¸¦æ¥çç产åæé«è½å¤è½¬å为人们工ä½çåå°ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr "è注"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
@@ -1015,7 +1081,7 @@
"æ·è´—å¦æè¿äºèµé帮å©å°è½¯ä»¶çæ¹åï¼åè«å¤§çãéè¦çä¸ç¹æ¯æ¥ææ·è´çç¨æ·"
"æèªç±åå
¶ä»äººä¸èµ·ä½¿ç¨èªç±è½¯ä»¶ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
@@ -1028,10 +1094,16 @@
"\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\">ä¸æ¸
æ¥çè¯æ±åçè¯</"
"a>”äºè§£æ´å¤è§£éã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+#| "different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is "
+#| "not false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from "
+#| "your friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgid ""
"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
-"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"different meanings of “free.” The statement as it stands is not "
"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
msgstr ""
@@ -1039,11 +1111,11 @@
"é—ä½ æ¯å¯ä»¥å
è´¹è·å¾GNU软件ï¼ä»æåé£éæä»ç½ä¸ä¸è½½ãä½æ¯å®å¨æå¡é误ç"
"ç念ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid "Several such companies now exist."
msgstr "ç°å¨å°±æå 个è¿æ ·çå
¬å¸ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
@@ -1053,13 +1125,13 @@
"è½ç¶å®ä¸æ¯å
¬å¸èåªæ¯æ
åæºæï¼èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼æ10å¹´æ¯é åè¡æå¡æ¥è·å¾å
¶å¤§é¨å"
"èµéçãä½ å¯ä»¥éè¿<a
href=\"/order/order.html\">å¨FSFè´ç©</a>æ¥æ¯æå®çå·¥ä½ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
msgstr "ä¸ç»å
¬å¸å¨1991å¹´å·¦å³éèµæ¥æ¯æGNU Cç¼è¯å¨çç»´æ¤ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
@@ -1075,10 +1147,21 @@
"å®å¿
é¡»ä¸æå°åäºæ¥ç»´ææ¶å
¥ãå¨èªç±è½¯ä»¶çä¸çï¼è½¯ä»¶å®å¶è¡ä¸è¿ä¼ç»§ç»åå¨ï¼åºæ¬"
"没ä»ä¹ååãå
æ¤ï¼æä¸åé¢æç¨åºåå¨èªç±è½¯ä»¶çä¸çéæ¶å
¥ä¼åå°ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+#| "“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That "
+#| "term is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together "
+#| "various disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I "
+#| "urge people to reject the term “intellectual property” "
+#| "entirely, lest it lead others to suppose that those laws form one "
+#| "coherent issue. The way to be clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, "
+#| "and trademarks separately. See <a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html"
+#| "\">further explanation</a> of how this term spreads confusion and bias."
msgid ""
"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of “"
-"the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term is "
+"the issue” of “intellectual property.” That term is "
"obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
@@ -1094,10 +1177,19 @@
"ç«è®¨è®ºä¸å©ãçæååæ ã请åçå
³äºè¯¥æ¯è¯å¦ä½æ£å¸æ··ä¹±ååè§ç<a href=\"/"
"philosophy/not-ipr.html\">è¿ä¸æ¥è§£é</a>ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free "
+#| "software” and “freeware”. The term “"
+#| "freeware” means software you are free to redistribute, but usually "
+#| "you are not free to study and change the source code, so most of it is "
+#| "not free software. See “<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+#| "html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>” for more "
+#| "explanation."
msgid ""
"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
-"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"and “freeware.” The term “freeware” means software "
"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
@@ -1138,9 +1230,7 @@
"ç³»æ¹æ³</a>èç³»èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF)ã请å°æ æé¾æ¥ï¼å
¶ä»é误æ建议åéç»<a href="
"\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu.org></a>ã"
-#
-#
-#
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1148,23 +1238,32 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
-"è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
-"ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+"请åè <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">ç¿»è¯è¯´æ</a> äº"
+"解æå
³åè°åæ交æç« ç¿»è¯çä¿¡æ¯ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#| "2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
-"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2015, 2021 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1197,10 +1296,20 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
-"2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#
+#
+#
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, "
+#~ "2015, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.de.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.de.po,v
retrieving revision 1.11
retrieving revision 1.12
diff -u -b -r1.11 -r1.12
--- po/pronunciation.de.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.11
+++ po/pronunciation.de.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.12
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Webmasters <webmasters@gnu.org>\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-06-25 22:00+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Joerg Kohne <joeko (AT) online [PUNKT] de>\n"
"Language-Team: German <www-de-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,20 +15,32 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Wie man GNU ausspricht - GNU-Projekt - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "Wie man <em>GNU</em> ausspricht"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
+# | Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard [-g,-]
+# | {+<i>g</i>,+} like “grew” but with the letter
+# | [-“n”-] {+<i>n</i>+} instead of [-“r”.-]
+# | {+<i>r</i>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"Der Name <em>GNU</em> ist ein rekursives Akronym von <em><span xml:lang=\"en"
"\" lang=\"en\">GNUâs Not Unix</span></em> (âGNU ist Nicht Unixâ) und
wird "
@@ -36,9 +48,17 @@
"ausgesprochen."
# Translation deviating
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a recording of <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation
+# | about how GNU was named:
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -46,54 +66,73 @@
"Stallman</a>, <em>âGNUâ</em> sagend, sowie einer kurzen Erläuterung, wie
es "
"zu dem Namen kam:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Wie wird <em>GNU</em> ausgesprochen:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\" title=\"Aussprache\" type=\"audio/"
"ogg\">Wie wird <em>GNU</em> ausgesprochen</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Wie kam es zu dem Namen <em>GNU</em>:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\" type=\"audio/ogg\">Wie kam es zu "
"dem Namen <em>GNU</em></a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a>
+# | is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions
+# | and sometimes incorrectly called simply [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Die Kombination von <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu\">GNU und Linux</a> ist das "
"<strong>GNU/Linux-Betriebssystem</strong>, heute von Millionen genutzt und "
"manchmal faÌlschlicherweise einfach nur âLinuxâ genannt."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System
+# | visit <a [-href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"Weitere Informationen und die Historie des Betriebssystems GNU finden Sie "
"unter <a href=\"/gnu/\" title=\"GNU-Betriebssystem\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/";
"</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "Lizenz der Aufnahmen"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-msgstr "Copyright © 2001 Richard M. Stallman."
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Copyright © [-2015-] {+2001+} Richard Stallman
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2015 Richard Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "Copyright © 2015 Richard Stallman."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -131,14 +170,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Bei der Ãbersetzung dieses Werkes wurde mit gröÃter Sorgfalt vorgegangen. "
@@ -152,19 +197,28 @@
"standards/README.translations\">LIESMICH für Ãbersetzungen</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2010, [-2013, 2014-] {+2011, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer <a rel=\"license\" href=\"//"
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.de\">Creative Commons "
-"Namensnennung-Keine Bearbeitung 3.0 Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika</a>-"
-"Lizenz."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.de\">Creative Commons "
+"Namensnennung-Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</a>-Lizenz."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -178,9 +232,23 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Letzte Ãnderung:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2001 Richard M. Stallman."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer <a rel=\"license\" href=\"//"
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.de\">Creative Commons "
+#~ "Namensnennung-Keine Bearbeitung 3.0 Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika</a>-"
+#~ "Lizenz."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#~ msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/pronunciation.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.7
+++ po/pronunciation.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.8
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: trad-gnu@april.org\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-12-06 11:59+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Sogal <sogal@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.6\n"
@@ -22,23 +23,42 @@
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Comment prononcer GNU - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "Prononciation de « GNU »"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
+# | Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard [-g,-]
+# | {+<i>g</i>,+} like “grew” but with the letter
+# | [-“n”-] {+<i>n</i>+} instead of [-“r”.-]
+# | {+<i>r</i>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"Le nom «â¯GNUâ¯Â» est l'acronyme récursif de <i>GNU's Not Unix!</i>
(«â¯GNU "
"n'est pas Unixâ¯!â¯Â»)â¯; en français, il se prononce «â¯gnouâ¯Â»
(comme l'animal), "
"avec un «â¯gâ¯Â» dur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a recording of <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation
+# | about how GNU was named:
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -46,50 +66,69 @@
"Stallman</a> prononçant «â¯GNUâ¯Â» ainsi qu'un autre avec une courte "
"explication sur l'origine du nom GNUâ¯:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Comment prononcer «â¯GNUâ¯Â»â¯:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">Comment prononcer GNU</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Origine du nom GNUâ¯:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">Origine du nom GNU</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a>
+# | is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions
+# | and sometimes incorrectly called simply [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"La combinaison du système <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU et de "
"Linux</a> est le <strong>système d'exploitation GNU/Linux</strong>, "
"désormais utilisé par des millions de personnes et parfois abusivement "
"appelé simplement «â¯Linuxâ¯Â»."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System
+# | visit <a [-href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"Pour en savoir plus sur le système d'exploitation GNU et son histoire, "
"rendez vous sur <a href=\"/gnu/\">www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "Licence des enregistrements"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Copyright [-(C)-] {+©+} 2001 Richard [-M.-] Stallman
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -125,14 +164,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Merci d'adresser vos commentaires sur les pages en français à <<a href="
@@ -143,19 +182,23 @@
"traduction</a> les infos nécessaires."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2010, [-2013, 2014-] {+2011, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a rel="
-"\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";
-"\">Creative Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ
BY-"
-"ND 3.0Â US)</a>."
+"\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";
+"\">Creative Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale "
+"(CCÂ BY-ND 4.0)</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -169,6 +212,7 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Dernière mise à jour :"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.hr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.hr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/pronunciation.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.3
+++ po/pronunciation.hr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.4
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-13 23:30+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Martina Bebek <martinaporec@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: GNU Croatian Translation Team <www-hr-lista@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n"
@@ -22,23 +23,42 @@
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Kako se izgovara naziv GNU - Projekt GNU - Zaklada za slobodni softver"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "Kako se izgovara naziv GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
+# | Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard [-g,-]
+# | {+<i>g</i>,+} like “grew” but with the letter
+# | [-“n”-] {+<i>n</i>+} instead of [-“r”.-]
+# | {+<i>r</i>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"Naziv “GNU” je rekurzivni akronim sa znaÄenjem “GNU's Not "
"Unix!” (GNU nije Unix!); a izgovara se kako se i piÅ¡e - kao gnu "
"(nikako ne Änu i sl)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a recording of <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation
+# | about how GNU was named:
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -46,49 +66,68 @@
"kako izgovara “GNU” i zatim snimak gdje objaÅ¡njava kako je GNU "
"dobio ime:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Kako izgovoriti naziv “GNU”:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">Kako izgovoriti naziv GNU</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Kako je GNU dobio ime:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">Kako je GNU dobio ime</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a>
+# | is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions
+# | and sometimes incorrectly called simply [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Kombinacija <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU-a i Linuxa</a> tvori "
"<strong>operacijski sustav GNU/Linux</strong>, kojeg danas koriste milijuni "
"ljudi, a ponekad ga se krivo naziva samo “Linux”."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System
+# | visit <a [-href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"Za detaljnije informacije i povijest operacijskog sustava GNU, posjetite <a "
"href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "Licenca snimaka"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Copyright [-(C)-] {+©+} 2001 Richard [-M.-] Stallman
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -124,14 +163,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Radimo naporno i dajemo sve od sebe da bi pružili toÄne, visoko kvalitetne "
@@ -143,17 +188,31 @@
"prijevode</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2010, [-2013, 2014-] {+2011, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ovo djelo je dano na korištenje pod licencom <a rel=\"license\" href="
-"\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.hr\";>Creative "
+"\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.hr\";> Creative "
"Commons Imenovanje-Bez prerada 3.0 SAD</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
@@ -166,6 +225,29 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Zadnji put promijenjeno:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Radimo naporno i dajemo sve od sebe da bi pružili toÄne, visoko "
+#~ "kvalitetne prijevode. MeÄutim, nismo osloboÄeni od nesavrÅ¡enosti. Molim
"
+#~ "vas Å¡aljite vaÅ¡e komentare i opÄenite prijedloge u tom smislu na <a
href="
+#~ "\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</"
+#~ "p> <p>Za informacije o koordiniranju i slanju prijevoda naših mrežnih "
+#~ "stranica, pogledajte <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">README za prijevode</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ovo djelo je dano na korištenje pod licencom <a rel=\"license\" href="
+#~ "\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.hr\";>Creative "
+#~ "Commons Imenovanje-Bez prerada 3.0 SAD</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.it.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.it.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- po/pronunciation.it.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.6
+++ po/pronunciation.it.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.7
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-01-18 21:36+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Andrea Pescetti <pescetti@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Italian <www-it-traduzioni@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,30 +15,50 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.4\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Come pronunciare GNU - Progetto GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "Come pronunciare GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
+# | Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard [-g,-]
+# | {+<i>g</i>,+} like “grew” but with the letter
+# | [-“n”-] {+<i>n</i>+} instead of [-“r”.-]
+# | {+<i>r</i>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"Il nome “GNU” è un acronimo ricorsivo per “GNU's Not Unix!"
"” (GNU non è Unix!); si pronuncia come una sola sillaba con la g dura,
"
"come “gru” ma con la lettera “n” al posto della "
"“r”."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a recording of <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation
+# | about how GNU was named:
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -46,49 +66,68 @@
"Stallman</a> che dice “GNU” seguita da un'altra, in lingua "
"inglese, con una breve spiegazione sulle origini del nome GNU:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Come pronunciare “GNU”:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">Come pronunciare GNU</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Le origini del nome GNU:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">Le origini del nome GNU</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a>
+# | is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions
+# | and sometimes incorrectly called simply [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"La combinazione di <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU e Linux</a> è il "
"<strong>sistema operativo GNU/Linux</strong>, ora usato da milioni di "
"persone ed a volte erroneamente chiamato “Linux”."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System
+# | visit <a [-href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"Per informazioni più dettagliate e cenni storici sul sistema operativo GNU "
"si prega di visitare <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "Licenza delle registrazioni"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Copyright [-(C)-] {+©+} 2001 Richard [-M.-] Stallman
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -125,14 +164,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Le traduzioni italiane sono effettuate ponendo la massima attenzione ai "
@@ -146,19 +185,23 @@
"traduzioni</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2010, [-2013, 2014-] {+2011, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Questa pagina è distribuita secondo i termini della licenza <a rel=\"license"
-"\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.it";
-"\">Creative Commons Attribuzione - Non opere derivate 3.0 Stati Uniti</a> "
-"(CC BY-ND 3.0)."
+"\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.it\";>Creative "
+"Commons Attribuzione - Non opere derivate 4.0 Internazionale</a> (CC BY-ND "
+"4.0)."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -172,6 +215,7 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ultimo aggiornamento:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- po/pronunciation.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.4
+++ po/pronunciation.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.5
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-28 13:35+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese <web-translators-ja@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,28 +14,40 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
"GNUã®çºé³ã®ä»æ¹ - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "GNUã®çºé³ã®ä»æ¹"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"“GNU”ã¯ã“GNU's Not
Unix”(GNUã¯Unixã§ã¯ãªã)ã®å帰é "
"åèªã§ãã/g/ã§å§ã¾ãä¸é³ç¯ã§ã<em>ã°ãã¼</em>[ËgnuË]ã¨çºé³ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -43,50 +55,61 @@
"“GNU”ã¨è¨ã£ã¦ããé²é³ã¨ãã©ã®ããã«ãã¦GNUãåã¥ãããããã«ã¤ã"
"ã¦èª¬æãã¦ããé²é³ã§ã:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“GNU”ã®è¨ãæ¹:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">GNUã®è¨ãæ¹</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>ã©ã®ããã«GNUã¯åã¥ããããã:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a
href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">ã©ã®ããã«GNUã¯åã¥ããããã</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"<a
href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNUã¨Linux</a>ã®çµã¿åããã<strong>GNU/"
"Linuxãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã
</strong>ã§ãããã¾ãä½ç¾ä¸äººã«ä½¿ããã¦ã¾ã"
"ããæã«ééã£ã¦ãåã«“Linux”ã¨å¼ã°ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"GNUãªãã¬ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·ã¹ãã ã®ãã詳細ãªæ
å
±ã¨æ´å²ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ããã¡ã<a href="
"\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>ãã覧ãã ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "é²é³ã®ã©ã¤ã»ã³ã¹"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -121,35 +144,37 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"æ£ç¢ºã§è¯ãå質ã®ç¿»è¨³ãæä¾ããããåªåãã¦ãã¾ãããä¸å®å
¨ãªå ´åããããã¨æ"
"ãã¾ãã翻訳ã«é¢ããã³ã¡ã³ãã¨ææ¡ã¯ã<a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
"org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã«ãããããã¾ãã</p><p>ããããã¡"
-"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨æåºã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
+"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨è²¢ç®ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
"README.translations.html\">翻訳 README</a>ãã覧ãã ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"ãã®ãã¼ã¸ã¯<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
-"nd/3.0/us/deed.ja\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States "
-"License</a>ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§è¨±è«¾ããã¾ãã"
+"nd/4.0/deed.ja\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 "
+"International License</a>ã®æ¡ä»¶ã§è¨±è«¾ããã¾ãã"
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -161,6 +186,7 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æçµæ´æ°:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.ko.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.ko.po,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/pronunciation.ko.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.3
+++ po/pronunciation.ko.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.4
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-05 00:03+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-04-27 15:42+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: Chang-hun Song <chsong@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Korean <www-ko-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -17,29 +17,49 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU를 ë°ìíë ë°©ë² - GNU íë¡ì í¸ - ìì ìíí¸ì¨ì´
ì¬ë¨"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "GNU를 ë°ìíë ë°©ë²"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
+# | Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard [-g,-]
+# | {+<i>g</i>,+} like “grew” but with the letter
+# | [-“n”-] {+<i>n</i>+} instead of [-“r”.-]
+# | {+<i>r</i>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"“GNU”ë “GNU's Not Unix!”ë¼ë ííì
구ì±íë ë¨ì´ë¤"
"ì 첫ë²ì§¸ 문ìë¤ë§ ë½ìì ë§ë ì¬ê·ì ì½ì´ì
ëë¤. ì´
ë¨ì´ë “"
"grew”ë¼ë ë¨ì´ì ì¤í ë§ ì¤ “r”ì
“n”ì¼ë¡ ë°ê¾¼ "
"ë¤ì 첫 문ì gì ê°ì¸ë¥¼ ì£¼ì´ “ê·¸ë”ë¼ê³ í ìì
ë¡ ë°ìí©ëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a recording of <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation
+# | about how GNU was named:
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -47,50 +67,69 @@
"GNU”를 ë°ìí ê²ì ë
¹ìí ê²ì
ëë¤. ëë¤ë¥¸ íì¼ìë
GNUë¼ë ì´ë¦ì ë§ë "
"ë° ëí 짧ì ì¤ëª
ì´ í¬í¨ëì´ ììµëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“GNU”를 ë°ìíë ë°©ë²:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">GNU를 ë°ìíë
ë°©ë²</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>GNUë¼ê³ ì´ë¦ ë¶ì¸ ì´ì :</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">GNUë¼ê³ ì´ë¦ë¶ì¸ ì´ì
</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a>
+# | is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions
+# | and sometimes incorrectly called simply [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNUì 리ë
ì¤</a>ê° ê²°í©ë ê²ì´ "
"<strong>GNU/리ë
ì¤ ì´ìì²´ì </strong>ì
ëë¤. ë§ì ì¬ëë¤ì´ ì
íí ì´ë¦ì¸ GNU/"
"리ë
ì¤ê° ìë “ë¦¬ë
ì¤”ë¡ ì못 ë¶ë¥´ê³ ìì§ë§,
íì¬ ì´ ì´ìì²´ì ë "
"ìë°±ë§ì ì¬ëë¤ì´ ì¬ì©íê³ ììµëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System
+# | visit <a [-href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"GNU ì´ìì²´ì ì ëí ë³´ë¤ ìì¸í ìì¬ì ì ë³´ì ëí´ìë
<a href=\"/gnu/"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a> íì´ì§ë¥¼ ì°¸ê³ íì기 ë°ëëë¤."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "ë
¹ì íì¼ì ì´ì©íë½ ìë´"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Copyright [-(C)-] {+©+} 2001 Richard [-M.-] Stallman
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -118,6 +157,7 @@
"ììµëë¤. ëì´ì§ ë§í¬ë ë¤ë¥¸ ìì ì¬í ëë ì ìì <a
href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a> ìì¼ë¡ ë³´ë´
주ì¸ì."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -125,28 +165,48 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ì´ ê¸ì ë¤ë¥¸ ì¸ì´ ë²ì문 ìì±ì´ë ì ì¶ì ëí ì ë³´ë <a
href=\"/server/"
"standards/README.translations.html\">ë²ì ìë´</a>를 ì°¸ê³ í´
주ì¸ì."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2010, [-2013, 2014-] {+2011, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\"
+# | [-href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative-]
+# | {+href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative+}
+# | Commons [-Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States-]
+# | {+Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International+} License</a>.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"ì´ íì´ì§ë <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
"nd/3.0/us/deed.ko\">í¬ë¦¬ìì´í°ë¸ ì»¤ë¨¼ì¤ ì ììíì-ë³ê²½ê¸ì§
3.0 ë¯¸êµ ì´ì©íë½"
@@ -162,6 +222,7 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "ìµì¢
ìì ì¼:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/pronunciation.pot 16 May 2014 17:28:45 -0000 1.2
+++ po/pronunciation.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.3
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# LANGUAGE translation of http://www.gnu.org/gnu/pronunciation.html
+# LANGUAGE translation of https://www.gnu.org/gnu/pronunciation.html
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
@@ -7,75 +7,75 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
-"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
-"Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like "
-"“grew” but with the letter “n” instead of "
-"“r”."
+"Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like "
+"“grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" "
"href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative Commons "
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
#
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
#
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
@@ -114,18 +114,19 @@
msgid ""
"Please see the <a "
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
-"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+"for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this "
+"article."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" "
-"href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative Commons "
-"Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\";>Creative Commons "
+"Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
Index: po/pronunciation.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/pronunciation.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.5
+++ po/pronunciation.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.6
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-10-03 15:48-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Virtaal 1.0.0-beta1\n"
@@ -20,23 +21,34 @@
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Como pronunciar GNU - Projeto GNU - Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "Como pronunciar GNU"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"O nome âGNUâ é um acrônimo recursivo para âGNU's Not Unix!â, que,
em "
"português, é traduzido como âGNU Não é Unix!â; ele é pronunciado
como "
"âmenuâ, com âgâ em vez de âmeâ, e como o herbÃvoro africano
âgnuâ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -44,49 +56,60 @@
"Stallman</a> dizendo âGNUâ e outra com uma explicação curta sobre como
GNU "
"recebeu o nome:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Como dizer âGNUâ:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">Como dizer GNU</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Como GNU recebeu o nome:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">Como GNU recebeu o nome</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"A combinação de <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU e Linux</a> é o "
"<strong>sistema operacional GNU/Linux</strong>, agora usado por milhões e, "
"por vezes, incorretamente chamado apenas de âLinuxâ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"Para mais informações detalhadas e histórico do Sistema Operacional GNU, "
"visite <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "Licença das gravações"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -122,14 +145,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"A equipe de traduções para o português brasileiro se esforça para
oferecer "
@@ -137,22 +160,24 @@
"favor, envie seus comentários e sugestões em geral sobre as traduções
para "
"<a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
"a>. </p><p>Consulte o <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e o "
-"envio de traduções das páginas deste site."
+"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e a "
+"contribuição com traduções das páginas deste site."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Esta página está licenciada sob uma licença <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.pt_BR\">Creative Commons "
-"Atribuição-SemDerivações 3.0 Estados Unidos</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.pt_BR\">Creative Commons "
+"Atribuição-SemDerivações 4.0 Internacional</a>."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -166,6 +191,7 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima atualização:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/pronunciation.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.2
+++ po/pronunciation.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.3
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-05-17 06:14+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
@@ -22,15 +23,26 @@
"Ðак пÑоизноÑиÑÑ “GNU” - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
Ñвободного "
"пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "Ðак пÑоизноÑиÑÑ “GNU”"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not
+# | Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard [-g,-]
+# | {+<i>g</i>,+} like “grew” but with the letter
+# | [-“n”-] {+<i>n</i>+} instead of [-“r”.-]
+# | {+<i>r</i>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"Ðазвание “GNU” пÑедÑÑавлÑеÑ
ÑекÑÑÑивное ÑокÑаÑение “<span "
"lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">GNU's Not Unix!</span>” (“GNU "
@@ -38,9 +50,17 @@
"глагол “гнÑÑÑ” в пеÑвом лиÑе,
единÑÑвенном ÑиÑле наÑÑоÑÑего "
"вÑемени изÑÑвиÑелÑного наклонениÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a recording of <a href=\"http{+s+}://www.stallman.org/\">Richard
+# | Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation
+# | about how GNU was named:
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -48,52 +68,71 @@
"пÑоизноÑÑÑего “GNU”, и дÑÑгаÑ, Ñ
кÑаÑким обÑÑÑнением Ñого, как "
"поÑвилоÑÑ ÑÑо название:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Ðак говоÑиÑÑ “GNU”:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">Ðак говоÑиÑÑ
“GNU”</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Ðак поÑвилоÑÑ ÑÑо название:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">Ðак поÑвилоÑÑ ÑÑо
название</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a>
+# | is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions
+# | and sometimes incorrectly called simply [-“Linux”.-]
+# | {+“Linux.”+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"СоÑеÑание <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU и Linux</a>
пÑедÑÑавлÑÐµÑ "
"<strong>опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU/Linux</strong>,
коÑоÑÑÑ ÑейÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ "
"Ð¼Ð¸Ð»Ð»Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ñ Ð¸ коÑоÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð´Ð° невеÑно
назÑваÑÑ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо “Linux”."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System
+# | visit <a [-href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"ÐодÑобнее об иÑÑоÑии опеÑаÑионной
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU Ñм. на <a href=\"/gnu/"
"\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "ÐиÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð²ÑкозапиÑей"
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | Copyright [-(C)-] {+©+} 2001 Richard [-M.-] Stallman
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -131,14 +170,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
@@ -150,19 +195,29 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2010, [-2013, 2014-] {+2011, 2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑо пÑоизведение доÑÑÑпно по <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ru\">лиÑензии Creative
"
-"Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>ÐÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ñ — Ðез
пÑоизводнÑÑ
"
-"пÑоизведений</em>) 3.0 СШÐ</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.ru\">лиÑензии Creative
Commons "
+"Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>ÐÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ñ — Ðез
пÑоизводнÑÑ
"
+"пÑоизведений</em>) 4.0 ÐÑемиÑнаÑ</a>."
# type: Content of: <div><div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
@@ -180,6 +235,7 @@
msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/pronunciation.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.3
+++ po/pronunciation.tr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.4
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-02-01 21:35+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: T. E. Kalayci <tekrei@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Turkish <www-tr-comm@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.4\n"
@@ -21,24 +22,35 @@
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNU Nasıl Telaffuz Ediliyor - GNU Projesi - Ãzgür Yazılım Vakfı"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "GNU Nasıl Telaffuz Ediliyor"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"“GNU” “GNU's Not Unix!” [GNU Unix DeÄildir!] "
"ifadesinin kısaltmasıdır; sert bir g ile tek bir hece olarak telaffuz "
"edilmektedir, Ä°ngilizcedeki “grew” gibi ama “r” "
"harfi yerine “n” harfiyle."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -46,50 +58,61 @@
"GNU”'yu nasıl telaffuz ettiÄini duyabileceÄiniz bir ses kaydıyla,
GNU "
"isminin nasıl verildiÄini kısaca anlattıÄı bir diÄer ses kaydı var:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“GNU” nasıl söyleniyor:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">GNU Nasıl Söylenmeli</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>GNU Adı Nasıl Verildi:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">GNU Adı Nasıl Verildi</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU ve Linux</a> birleÅimi <strong>GNU/"
"Linux iÅletim sistemi</strong>dir, Åimdi milyonlarca kiÅi tarafından "
"kullanılıyor ve kimi zaman yanlıŠbir Åekilde basitçe
“Linux” "
"olarak adlandırılıyor."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"GNU Ä°Åletim Sistemi hakkında daha ayrıntılı bilgi ve tarihi için <a
href=\"/"
"gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a> adresini ziyaret edin"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "Kayıtların Lisansları"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -125,14 +148,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ãevirilerimizde bulmuÅ olabileceÄiniz hataları, aklınızdaki soru ve "
@@ -146,17 +174,19 @@
"\">çalıÅma sayfamızı</a> ziyaret edebilirsiniz."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Bu sayfa <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
-"nd/3.0/us/deed.tr\">Creative Commons Atıf-Türetilemez 3.0 BirleÅik
Devletler "
+"nd/4.0/deed.tr\">Creative Commons Alıntı-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası "
"Lisansı</a> altında lisanslanmıÅtır."
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
@@ -173,6 +203,7 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Son Güncelleme:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/pronunciation.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.7
retrieving revision 1.8
diff -u -b -r1.7 -r1.8
--- po/pronunciation.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.7
+++ po/pronunciation.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.8
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-07-09 09:40+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"
@@ -23,15 +24,21 @@
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "Як вимовлÑÑи GNU - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "Як вимовлÑÑи “GNU”"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"Ðазва “GNU” — Ñе ÑекÑÑÑивне
ÑкоÑоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑÑази “"
"GNU's Not Unix!” (“GNU — не Unix!”). “"
@@ -39,9 +46,14 @@
"<em>ÒнÑ</em></a>, одним Ñкладом, Ñк Ñменник Ñ
пеÑÑÑй оÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ "
"(вимовлÑÑмо ÑкÑаÑнÑÑкий звÑк Ò, а не г)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
@@ -49,51 +61,62 @@
"говоÑиÑÑ “GNU” а Ñакож коÑоÑке
поÑÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо Ñе, Ñк бÑло названо "
"GNU:"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Як ÑказаÑи “GNU”:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr ""
"<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">Як вимовлÑÑи
“GNU”</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>Як бÑло названо GNU:</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">Як бÑло названо
GNU</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"Це поÑднаннÑ, по ÑÑÑÑ, Ñ <a
href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\"> "
"<strong>опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ GNU/Linux</strong></a>.
ÐÑлÑйони лÑдей "
"коÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ GNU/Linux, Ñ
оÑа бÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· ниÑ
<a
href=\"/gnu/gnu-linux-faq."
"html\">невÑÑно називаÑÑÑ ÑÑ “Linux”</a>."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"Ðа деÑалÑнÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑнÑоÑмаÑÑÑÑ Ñа ÑÑÑоÑÑÑÑ
опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑеми GNU вÑдвÑдайÑе <a "
"href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "ÐÑÑензÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑв"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Ð ÑÑаÑд СÑолмен"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -130,14 +153,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад ÑоÑним
Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
@@ -148,16 +176,23 @@
"translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð·
пеÑекладє</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (Фонд "
"вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
"Ð¦Ñ ÑÑоÑÑнка доÑÑÑпна на ÑмоваÑ
<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.uk\"> лÑÑензÑÑ
Creative "
@@ -175,8 +210,21 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðновлено:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
(Фонд "
-"вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад
ÑоÑним Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
+#~ "можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¸ ми не можемо.
ÐадÑилайÑе, бÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+#~ "Ñ Ð¿ÑопозиÑÑÑ Ñодо пеÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
href=\"mailto:web-";
+#~ "translators@gnu.org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>. </"
+#~ "p><p>ÐÑдомоÑÑÑ Ð· кооÑдинаÑÑÑ Ñа
пÑопозиÑÑй пеÑекладÑв наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей див. Ñ "
+#~ "<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑбникÑ
з "
+#~ "пеÑекладє</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc. "
+#~ "(Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
Index: po/pronunciation.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/pronunciation.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- po/pronunciation.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:27:04 -0000 1.3
+++ po/pronunciation.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.4
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: pronunciation.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-05-16 17:25+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-10-14 09:37+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,77 +14,100 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr "GNUæä¹åé³ - GNUå·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "How To Pronounce GNU"
msgstr "GNUæä¹åé³"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not "
+#| "Unix!”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
+#| "grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “"
+#| "r”."
msgid ""
"The name “GNU” is a recursive acronym for “GNU's Not Unix!"
-"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard g, like “"
-"grew” but with the letter “n” instead of “r”."
+"”; it is pronounced as one syllable with a hard <i>g</i>, like “"
+"grew” but with the letter <i>n</i> instead of <i>r</i>."
msgstr ""
"“GNU”毓GNU's Not
Unix!”ï¼GNU并éUnix!ï¼çé¦åæ¯éå½"
"缩åï¼å®æ¯gåé³çåé³èåï¼å°±å“grew”ï¼ä½è¦ç¨å毓n”"
"æ¿æ¢æ“r”ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+#| "Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short "
+#| "explanation about how GNU was named:"
msgid ""
-"This is a recording of <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
+"This is a recording of <a href=\"https://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard "
"Stallman</a> saying “GNU” and another with a short explanation "
"about how GNU was named:"
msgstr ""
"è¿æ¯<a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";>Richard Stallman</a>读“"
"GNU”çå½é³ï¼å¦ä¸ä¸ªå½é³æ¯å
³äºGNUä¹åèµ·æºçç®ä»ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How to say “GNU”:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>“GNU”æä¹åé³ï¼</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">How To Say GNU</a>"
msgstr "<a href=\"/audio/gnu-pronunciation.ogg\">GNUæä¹åé³</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "<strong>How GNU Was Named:</strong>"
msgstr "<strong>为ä»ä¹èµ·GNUè¿ä¸ªååï¼</strong>"
-#. type: Content of: <audio>
+#. type: Content of: <div><audio>
msgid "<a href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">How GNU Was Named</a>"
msgstr "<a
href=\"/audio/how-gnu-was-named.ogg\">为ä»ä¹èµ·GNUè¿ä¸ªåå</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> "
+#| "is the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions "
+#| "and sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
msgid ""
"The combination of <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU and Linux</a> is "
"the <strong>GNU/Linux operating system</strong>, now used by millions and "
-"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux”."
+"sometimes incorrectly called simply “Linux.”"
msgstr ""
"<a
href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNUåLinux</a>çç»åæ¯<strong>GNU/Linuxæ"
"ä½ç³»ç»</strong>ï¼å®ç°å¨è¢«æ°ç¾ä¸ç¨æ·æ使ç¨ï¼å®ææ¶è¢«é误å°ç®ç§°ä¸º“"
"LinuxӋ"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System "
+#| "visit <a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgid ""
"For more detailed information and history of the GNU Operating System visit "
-"<a href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
+"<a href=\"/gnu/\">gnu.org/gnu/</a>"
msgstr ""
"æ´å¤å
³äºGNUæä½ç³»ç»çåå²åç¥è¯ï¼è¯·å°<a
href=\"/gnu/\">http://www.gnu.org/";
"gnu/</a>äºè§£ã"
-#. type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
msgid "License Of The Recordings"
msgstr "è¿äºå½é³ç许å¯è¯"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
+msgid "Copyright © 2001 Richard Stallman"
msgstr "Copyright (C) 2001 Richard M. Stallman"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"These recordings are licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
@@ -112,9 +135,7 @@
"ç³»æ¹æ³</a>èç³»èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF)ã请å°æ æé¾æ¥ï¼å
¶ä»é误æ建议åéç»<a href="
"\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu.org></a>ã"
-#
-#
-#
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -122,32 +143,44 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
-"è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
-"ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+"请åè <a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">ç¿»è¯è¯´æ</a> äº"
+"解æå
³åè°åæ交æç« ç¿»è¯çä¿¡æ¯ã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2011, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#| "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
-"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""
-"æ¬é¡µé¢ä½¿ç¨<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
+"æ¬é¡µé¢éç¨ <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
"nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States "
-"License</a>ææã"
+"License</a> 许å¯è¯ææã"
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
@@ -161,6 +194,27 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#
+#
+#
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+#~ "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+#~ "NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "æ¬é¡µé¢ä½¿ç¨<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/";
+#~ "by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States "
+#~ "License</a>ææã"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2010, 2013, 2014, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/rms-lisp.es.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.es.po,v
retrieving revision 1.54
retrieving revision 1.55
diff -u -b -r1.54 -r1.55
--- po/rms-lisp.es.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:42 -0000 1.54
+++ po/rms-lisp.es.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.55
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: rms-list.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-09-23 11:57+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Javier Fdez. Retenaga <jfrtnaga@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish <www-es-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.2.1\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -30,22 +31,28 @@
"Free Software Foundation "
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr "Mis experiencias con Lisp y el desarrollo de Emacs de GNU"
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | [-(-]Transcript of Richard Stallman's [-Speech, 28 Oct 2002,-] {+speech+}
+# | at the International Lisp [-Conference).-] {+Conference, 28 Oct 2002.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the "
+#| "International Lisp Conference)."
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr ""
"(Transcripción de la conferencia pronunciada por Richard Stallman el 28 de "
"octubre de 2002 en el Congreso Internacional de Lisp [<span style=\"font-"
"style:italic;\">International Lisp Conference</span>])."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -59,17 +66,39 @@
"interesante al respecto."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high
+# | school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a
+# | computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything
+# | with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp
+# | interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data
+# | Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. It was a very small [-machine — it-]
+# | {+machine—it+} had something like 8k of [-memory — and-]
+# | {+memory—and+} I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand
+# | instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was
+# | before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system jobs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
+#| "school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
+#| "computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
+#| "with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
+#| "interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</"
+#| "abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of "
+#| "memory — and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand "
+#| "instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was "
+#| "before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system "
+#| "jobs."
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. "
-"It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of memory "
-"— and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. "
-"This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to "
-"see what real software was like, that did real system jobs."
+"It was a very small machine—it had something like 8k of memory—"
+"and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. This gave "
+"me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to see what "
+"real software was like, that did real system jobs."
msgstr ""
"Mi primera experiencia con Lisp tuvo lugar en la escuela secundaria, cuando "
"leà el manual de Lisp 1.5. Entonces quedé maravillado con la idea de que "
@@ -83,13 +112,26 @@
"los sistemas reales."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I
+# | started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of
+# | Technology\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab
+# | not by JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what
+# | was to [-come — he-] {+come—he+} must have really regretted
+# | that day.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
+#| "started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
+#| "\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by "
+#| "JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+#| "come — he must have really regretted that day."
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
"\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by JonL, "
-"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to come "
-"— he must have really regretted that day."
+"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
"Fue tras comenzar mi trabajo en el <abbr title=\"Instituto de TecnologÃa de "
"Massachusetts\">MIT</abbr> cuando empecé a trabajar en una implementación "
@@ -99,7 +141,7 @@
"lamentado realmente lo ocurrido aquel dÃa."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -129,7 +171,7 @@
"tales prestaciones."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
@@ -155,19 +197,46 @@
"Inteligencia Artificial lo que condujo a Emacs e hizo de él lo que fue."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the
+# | non-interpreted [-language — was-] {+language—was+} PDP-10
+# | Assembler. The interpreter we wrote in that actually wasn't written for
+# | Emacs, it was written for <abbr title=\"Text Editor and
+# | COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and was an extremely ugly
+# | programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. The reason was that it
+# | wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was designed to be an
+# | editor and command language. There were commands like
+# | [-‘5l’,-] {+<code>5l</code>,+} meaning [-‘move-]
+# | {+<code>move+} five [-lines’,-] {+lines</code>,+} or
+# | [-‘i’-] {+<code>i</code>+} and then a string and then an ESC
+# | to insert that string. You would type a string that was a series of
+# | commands, which was called a command string. You would end it with ESC
+# | ESC, and it would get executed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
+#| "non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+#| "wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
+#| "title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, "
+#| "and was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
+#| "be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "it was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands "
+#| "like ‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘"
+#| "i’ and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You "
+#| "would type a string that was a series of commands, which was called a "
+#| "command string. You would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. "
"The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was "
"designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
"El Emacs original no incluÃa Lisp. Su lenguaje, de más bajo nivel y no "
"interpretado, era Ensamblador del PDP-10. El intérprete que escribimos "
@@ -183,18 +252,43 @@
"ESC ESC, y serÃa ejecutada."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities,
+# | so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping
+# | construct, which was [-< >.-] {+<code>< ></code>.+} You
+# | would put those around things and it would loop. There were other cryptic
+# | commands that could be used to conditionally exit the loop. To make
+# | Emacs, [-we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a>-] {+we <a
+# | href=\"#foot-1\">[1]</a>+} added facilities to have subroutines with
+# | names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could
+# | only have single letters as their names. That was hard to program big
+# | programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. Actually,
+# | there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its
+# | unwind-protect facility from TECO.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, "
+#| "so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping "
+#| "construct, which was < >. You would put those around things and it "
+#| "would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+#| "conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</"
+#| "a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+#| "sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+#| "their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code "
+#| "so they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather "
+#| "sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect "
+#| "facility from TECO."
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would loop. "
-"There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally exit "
-"the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added facilities to "
-"have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the "
-"subroutines could only have single letters as their names. That was hard to "
-"program big programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. "
-"Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp "
-"got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">[1]"
+"</a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+"sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+"their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so "
+"they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
+"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
"Bien. La gente querÃa extender este lenguaje con elementos útiles para la "
"programación, asà que añadió algunos. Por ejemplo, uno de los primeros
fue "
@@ -211,10 +305,28 @@
"aplicación-abierta», de TECO."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the
+# | ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it [-worked — people-]
+# | {+worked—people+} were able to write large programs in it anyway.
+# | The obvious lesson was that a language like TECO, which wasn't designed to
+# | be a programming language, was the wrong way to go. The language that you
+# | build your extensions on shouldn't be thought of as a programming language
+# | in afterthought; it should be designed as a programming language. In fact,
+# | we discovered that the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the "
+#| "ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were "
+#| "able to write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a "
+#| "language like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "was the wrong way to go. The language that you build your extensions on "
+#| "shouldn't be thought of as a programming language in afterthought; it "
+#| "should be designed as a programming language. In fact, we discovered that "
+#| "the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -233,18 +345,41 @@
"programación para ese propósito era Lisp."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
-"a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his "
-"commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was "
-"written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success — "
-"programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the secretaries "
-"in his office started learning how to use it. They used a manual someone had "
-"written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say it was a "
-"programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do programming, "
-"weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could do useful "
-"things and they learned to program."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it [-was <a
+# | href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>.-] {+was <a href=\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>.+} He
+# | wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his commands in
+# | MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was written
+# | entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great [-success —
+# | programming-] {+success—programming+} new editing commands was so
+# | convenient that even the secretaries in his office started learning how to
+# | use it. They used a manual someone had written which showed how to extend
+# | Emacs, but didn't say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who
+# | believed they couldn't do programming, weren't scared off. They read the
+# | manual, discovered they could do useful things and they learned to program.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">"
+#| "(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote "
+#| "his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself "
+#| "was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success "
+#| "— programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the "
+#| "secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+#| "manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+#| "say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't "
+#| "do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they "
+#| "could do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgid ""
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href="
+"\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he "
+"wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor "
+"itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great "
+"success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that even "
+"the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+"manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say "
+"it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
msgstr ""
"Fue Bernie Greenberg quien descubrió que lo era <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
"a> . Escribió una versión de Emacs en Multics MacLisp, y programó sus "
@@ -258,16 +393,37 @@
"aprendieron a programar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
-"useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend "
-"by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to "
-"learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are "
-"useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So Bernie saw that an [-application — a-] {+application—a+}
+# | program that does something useful for [-you — which-]
+# | {+you—which+} has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by
+# | rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to
+# | learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are
+# | useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get
+# | encouragement for their own practical [-use — at-] {+use—at+}
+# | the stage where it's the [-hardest — where-] {+hardest—where+}
+# | they don't believe they can program, until they get to the point where
+# | they are programmers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
+#| "useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could "
+#| "extend by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for "
+#| "people to learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small "
+#| "programs that are useful for them, which in most arenas you can't "
+#| "possibly do. They can get encouragement for their own practical use "
+#| "— at the stage where it's the hardest — where they don't "
+#| "believe they can program, until they get to the point where they are "
+#| "programmers."
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
"Asà que Bernie vio que una aplicación, un programa creado para solucionar "
"problemas prácticos, que llevara incorporado LISP, de forma que pudiera "
@@ -280,30 +436,79 @@
"no es capaz de programar, hasta aquel en que está, de hecho, programando."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like
+# | this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp
+# | implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an [-interpreter
+# | — it-] {+interpreter—it+} was a full-fledged Lisp [-system
+# | — but-] {+system—but+} people wanted to implement something
+# | like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp
+# | compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write
+# | the whole editor in [-Lisp — it-] {+Lisp—it+} would be too
+# | slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we
+# | developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and
+# | the lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor
+# | were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we
+# | had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously
+# | practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high
+# | level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them
+# | into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a
+# | paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph,
+# | because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at
+# | the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by writing
+# | a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting part
+# | of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid
+# | technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain
+# | parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower
+# | level.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like "
+#| "this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
+#| "implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
+#| "— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
+#| "implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+#| "written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
+#| "couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+#| "especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed "
+#| "a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the "
+#| "lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor "
+#| "were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we "
+#| "had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously "
+#| "practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high "
+#| "level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them "
+#| "into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a "
+#| "paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph, "
+#| "because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at "
+#| "the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+#| "writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by "
+#| "putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
+#| "the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, "
+#| "but certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be "
+#| "written at a lower level."
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
"on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp implementation. "
-"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter — it was a "
-"full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to implement something "
-"like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp "
-"compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the "
-"whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if "
-"it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The "
-"idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor "
-"together, so that parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those "
-"would be whatever parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique "
-"that we had already consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because "
-"there were certain fairly high level features which we re-implemented in "
-"machine language, making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was "
-"a TECO primitive to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of "
-"filling a paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the "
-"job would be done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the "
-"whole job by writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized "
-"it by putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
-"the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but "
-"certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a "
-"lower level."
+"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter—it was a full-"
+"fledged Lisp system—but people wanted to implement something like that "
+"on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp compiler. Well, "
+"if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the whole editor in "
+"Lisp—it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run "
+"interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write "
+"a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor together, so that "
+"parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever "
+"parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already "
+"consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain "
+"fairly high level features which we re-implemented in machine language, "
+"making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive "
+"to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a "
+"paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be "
+"done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+"writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting "
+"part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid "
+"technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain "
+"parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower "
+"level."
msgstr ""
"Llegado este punto, la gente se empezó a preguntar cómo podrÃa conseguir "
"algo asà en una plataforma que no poseyera una implementación de Lisp "
@@ -331,16 +536,33 @@
"partes que tenÃan que ejecutarse particularmente rápido."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the
+# | same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language
+# | anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs
+# | to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but
+# | I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in [-C
+# | — manipulating-] {+C—manipulating+} editor buffers, inserting
+# | leading text, reading and writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the
+# | screen, managing editor windows.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
+#| "same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
+#| "anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs "
+#| "to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but "
+#| "I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
+#| "— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+#| "writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
+#| "windows."
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
-"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
-"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
-"windows."
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C—"
+"manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and writing "
+"files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor windows."
msgstr ""
"Por lo tanto, cuando escribà mi segunda implementación de Emacs seguà el "
"mismo esquema. El lenguaje de bajo nivel ya no era lenguaje máquina, sino C.
"
@@ -353,20 +575,46 @@
"ventanas del editor."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix.
+# | The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A
+# | strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be
+# | influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original
+# | Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone
+# | wanted to port it to run on [-Twenex — it-] {+Twenex—it+}
+# | originally only ran on the Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT.
+# | They ported it to Twenex, which meant that there were a few hundred
+# | installations around the world that could potentially use it. We started
+# | distributing it to them, with the rule that “you had to send back
+# | all of your improvements” so we could all benefit. No one ever tried
+# | to enforce that, but as far as I know people did cooperate.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. "
+#| "The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
+#| "strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
+#| "influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
+#| "Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone "
+#| "wanted to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
+#| "which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
+#| "that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with "
+#| "the rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” "
+#| "so we could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as "
+#| "I know people did cooperate."
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
-"to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
-"that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the "
-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
-"people did cooperate."
+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
"Ahora bien, este no fue el primer Emacs escrito en C y que se ejecutaba en "
"Unix. El primero lo escribió James Gosling, y era conocido como GosMacs. Con
"
@@ -384,12 +632,26 @@
"cooperaba."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a
+# | manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the
+# | community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the
+# | right approach to take towards a [-community — to-]
+# | {+community—to+} ask them to join in and make the program better.
+# | But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it to a company.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
+#| "manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the "
+#| "community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the "
+#| "right approach to take towards a community — to ask them to join in "
+#| "and make the program better. But after that he seemed to change the "
+#| "spirit, and sold it to a company."
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
@@ -401,7 +663,32 @@
"cambiar el espÃritu, y lo vendió a una empresa."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like
+# | operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”).
+# | There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however,
+# | have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling
+# | had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He
+# | proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's
+# | Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was
+# | known as [-‘mocklisp’,-] {+“mocklisp,”+} which
+# | looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't have the data structures of
+# | Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital elements of Lisp were missing.
+# | Its data structures were strings, numbers and a few other specialized
+# | things.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
+#| "operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
+#| "There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however, "
+#| "have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling "
+#| "had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
+#| "proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
+#| "Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was "
+#| "known as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but "
+#| "didn't have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and "
+#| "vital elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, "
+#| "numbers and a few other specialized things."
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -410,7 +697,7 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
@@ -429,7 +716,7 @@
"elementos especializados más."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -445,13 +732,28 @@
"manipulables por los programas Lisp del usuario."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an
+# | alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things
+# | would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for
+# | garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any
+# | Lisp programs during that. We've changed that [-since — it's-]
+# | {+since—it's+} now possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's
+# | quite a convenient thing.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of "
+#| "an alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and "
+#| "things would go on with very special data structures that were not safe "
+#| "for garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run "
+#| "any Lisp programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now "
+#| "possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
"La excepción fue <span style=\"font-style:italic;\">redisplay</span>. "
@@ -466,15 +768,37 @@
"\">redisplay</span>. Es algo muy práctico."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This second Emacs program was [-‘free software’-]
+# | {+“free software”+} in the modern sense of the [-term —
+# | it-] {+term—it+} was part of an explicit political campaign to make
+# | software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should be
+# | free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on
+# | software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the
+# | basis for the free software [-movement — the-]
+# | {+movement—the+} experience I had, the life that I've lived at the
+# | MIT AI [-lab — to-] {+lab—to+} be working on human knowledge,
+# | and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further
+# | disseminating human knowledge.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
+#| "sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign "
+#| "to make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody "
+#| "should be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working "
+#| "together on software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. "
+#| "That is the basis for the free software movement — the experience I "
+#| "had, the life that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on "
+#| "human knowledge, and not be standing in the way of anybody's further "
+#| "using and further disseminating human knowledge."
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
-"sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
+"sense of the term—it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
-"basis for the free software movement — the experience I had, the life "
-"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on human knowledge, "
+"basis for the free software movement—the experience I had, the life "
+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
"disseminating human knowledge."
msgstr ""
@@ -489,7 +813,7 @@
"obstaculizar su uso ni su expansión."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
"as other computers that weren't meant for Lisp, except that it would run "
@@ -510,11 +834,30 @@
"obtenÃan resultados absurdos y terminaban por fallar o bloquearse."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those
+# | other machines, but each [-instruction — a-] {+instruction—a+}
+# | <code>car</code> instruction would do data [-typechecking — so-]
+# | {+typechecking—so+} when you tried to get the <code>car</code> of a
+# | number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate error. We
+# | built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was written
+# | almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in the
+# | microcode. People became interested in manufacturing them, which meant
+# | they should start a company.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
+#| "other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> "
+#| "instruction would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get "
+#| "the <code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you "
+#| "an immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system "
+#| "for it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being "
+#| "parts written in the microcode. People became interested in manufacturing "
+#| "them, which meant they should start a company."
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
-"other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> instruction "
-"would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
+"other machines, but each instruction—a <code>car</code> instruction "
+"would do data typechecking—so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
"code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate "
"error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was "
"written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in "
@@ -532,15 +875,34 @@
"una empresa."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | There were two different ideas about what this company should be like.
+# | Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company.
+# | This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way
+# | conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab [-culture <a
+# | href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>.-] {+culture <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>.+} Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any
+# | business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they
+# | doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid
+# | outside investment wouldn't work.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
+#| "Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
+#| "This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a "
+#| "way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+#| "<a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
+#| "business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
+#| "doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+#| "outside investment wouldn't work."
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
"This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way "
-"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture <a "
-"href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
-"business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't "
+"have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said "
+"they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
"outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
"HabÃa dos visiones diferentes sobre cómo deberÃa ser esa empresa.
Greenblatt "
@@ -553,7 +915,7 @@
"Pensaban que su plan para evitar inversiones externas no funcionarÃa."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
@@ -566,7 +928,7 @@
"funciones directivas."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
@@ -583,7 +945,7 @@
"pensaban que lo más probable era que el plan no saliera bien."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt then recruited Russell Noftsker, the man who had hired me, who "
"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
@@ -605,7 +967,7 @@
"ganar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
"start Lisp Machines Inc. anyway and go ahead with their plans. And what do "
@@ -628,7 +990,7 @@
"destruirla."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
"lab. The abandonment happened when Symbolics hired away all the hackers, "
@@ -658,13 +1020,26 @@
"serÃa aniquilado, pero lo fue."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said to "
-"the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system available "
-"for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. "
-"Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you "
-"can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So Symbolics came up with a [-plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>.-]
+# | {+plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>.+} They said to the lab,
+# | “We will continue making our changes to the system available for you
+# | to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. Instead,
+# | we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you can run
+# | it, but that's all you can do.”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said "
+#| "to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+#| "available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+#| "system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+#| "and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+msgid ""
+"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>. They "
+"said to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+"available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+"system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+"and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
msgstr ""
"A Symbolics se le ocurrió un plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. Dijeron al "
"laboratorio: «seguiremos permitiéndoles que usen nuestras modificaciones al
"
@@ -673,7 +1048,7 @@
"ejecutarlo, pero eso será todo lo que podrán hacer»."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This, in effect, meant that they demanded that we had to choose a side, and "
"use either the MIT version of the system or the Symbolics version. "
@@ -694,12 +1069,28 @@
"que siguiera existiendo. AsÃ, no se nos permitió seguir siendo neutrales."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although
+# | it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the
+# | software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to
+# | help keep Lisp Machines Inc. [-going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> —
+# | I-] {+going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I+} began duplicating
+# | all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp machine system. I
+# | wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the code was my own).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although "
+#| "it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
+#| "software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
+#| "help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+#| "began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
+#| "machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., "
+#| "the code was my own)."
msgid ""
"Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although it "
"made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
"software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
-"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I "
"began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
"machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the "
"code was my own)."
@@ -713,12 +1104,24 @@
"mejoras equivalentes de nuevo (es decir, el código era mÃo)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that it "
-"would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta "
-"announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were "
-"and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | After a [-while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>,-] {+while <a
+# | href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>,+} I came to the conclusion that it would be best
+# | if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta announcement
+# | that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were and then
+# | implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that "
+#| "it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+#| "beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the "
+#| "features were and then implement them. By the time they had a real "
+#| "release, I did too."
+msgid ""
+"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>, I came to the conclusion "
+"that it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+"beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features "
+"were and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
msgstr ""
"Después de un tiempo <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, llegué a la conclusión
de "
"que serÃa mejor ni siquiera mirar su código. Cuando anunciaban la
liberación "
@@ -728,15 +1131,33 @@
"modificaciones, yo también liberaba las mÃas."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines
+# | Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend
+# | years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured
+# | they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with
+# | competition that was not leaving or going to [-disappear <a
+# | href=\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>.-] {+disappear <a
+# | href=\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>.+} Meanwhile, it was time to start building a
+# | new community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped
+# | out.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp "
+#| "Machines Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want "
+#| "to spend years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. "
+#| "I figured they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were "
+#| "stuck with competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+#| "\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+#| "community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgid ""
"In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend "
"years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured "
"they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with "
-"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href=\"#foot-7\">"
-"(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new community to replace "
-"the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
+"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+"\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+"community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgstr ""
"De esta manera, durante dos años evité que acabaran con Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, y las dos empresas siguieron adelante. Pero no querÃa pasarme "
@@ -747,7 +1168,7 @@
"a la que las acciones suyas y de otros exterminaron."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Lisp community in the 70s was not limited to the MIT AI Lab, and the "
"hackers were not all at MIT. The war that Symbolics started was what wiped "
@@ -762,11 +1183,21 @@
"también contribuyó a extinguir la comunidad."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I
+# | had to make a free operating system, that was [-clear — the-]
+# | {+clear—the+} only way that people could work together and share was
+# | with a free operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. "
+#| "I had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only "
+#| "way that people could work together and share was with a free operating "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I "
-"had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only way "
-"that people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
+"had to make a free operating system, that was clear—the only way that "
+"people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
msgstr ""
"Una vez que dejé de castigar a Symbolics, tuve que pensar qué hacer a "
"continuación. TenÃa que hacer un sistema operativo libre, eso estaba claro.
"
@@ -774,7 +1205,33 @@
"era con un sistema operativo libre."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that
+# | wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp
+# | machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it
+# | possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their
+# | programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you
+# | would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines.
+# | The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're
+# | running one program on a timesharing [-system — if-]
+# | {+system—if+} one program crashes, that's not a disaster, that's
+# | something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for
+# | writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system
+# | like the Lisp machine.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
+#| "wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp "
+#| "machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it "
+#| "possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their "
+#| "programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you "
+#| "would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. "
+#| "The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're "
+#| "running one program on a timesharing system — if one program "
+#| "crashes, that's not a disaster, that's something your program "
+#| "occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for writing the operating "
+#| "system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system like the Lisp "
+#| "machine."
msgid ""
"At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
"wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp machine "
@@ -783,7 +1240,7 @@
"still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you would be reduced to "
"something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. The programs would be "
"faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're running one program on a "
-"timesharing system — if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
+"timesharing system—if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
"that's something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it "
"good for writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a "
"system like the Lisp machine."
@@ -803,7 +1260,7 @@
"máquina Lisp."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I decided instead to make a Unix-like operating system that would have Lisp "
"implementations to run as user programs. The kernel wouldn't be written in "
@@ -821,7 +1278,7 @@
"tener muy en cuenta."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There were people in those days, in 1985, who had one-megabyte machines "
"without virtual memory. They wanted to be able to use GNU Emacs. This meant "
@@ -832,15 +1289,34 @@
"significaba que tenÃa que hacer que el programa fuera lo más pequeño
posible."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
-"while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of "
-"the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, "
-"or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to "
-"keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ "
-"and so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of "
-"GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For instance, at the time the only looping construct was
+# | [-‘while’,-] {+<code>while</code>,+} which was extremely
+# | simple. There was no way to break out of the [-‘while’-]
+# | {+<code>while</code>+} statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw,
+# | or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to
+# | keep things small. We didn't have [-‘caar’-]
+# | {+<code>caar</code>+} and [-‘cadr’-] {+<code>cadr</code>+} and
+# | so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU
+# | Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
+#| "while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out "
+#| "of the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a "
+#| "throw, or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was "
+#| "pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
+#| "‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything "
+#| "possible” was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, "
+#| "from the beginning."
+msgid ""
+"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was <code>while</code>, "
+"which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of the "
+"<code>while</code> statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, or "
+"test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to keep "
+"things small. We didn't have <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so "
+"on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU "
+"Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
msgstr ""
"Por ejemplo, en aquel entonces la única estructura iterativa era «while», "
"implementada de forma extremadamente simple. No habÃa ningún mecanismo para
"
@@ -853,15 +1329,35 @@
"espÃritu de Emacs Lisp desde el principio."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more.
+# | We put in [-‘caar’-] {+<code>caar</code>+} and
+# | [-‘cadr’-] {+<code>cadr</code>+} and so on, and we might put
+# | in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it
+# | some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I
+# | implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that
+# | happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword [-arguments
+# | <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>.-] {+arguments <a
+# | href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>.+} They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it
+# | sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. "
+#| "We put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we "
+#| "might put in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing "
+#| "to extend it some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of "
+#| "common Lisp. I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm "
+#| "not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is "
+#| "keyword arguments <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite "
+#| "Lispy to me; I'll do it sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgid ""
"Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. We "
-"put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we might put "
+"put in <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so on, and we might put "
"in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it "
"some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I "
"implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that happy "
-"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a href="
-"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
+"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
+"href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
"sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgstr ""
"Evidentemente, las máquinas actuales tienen mayor capacidad, y ya no hacemos
"
@@ -874,7 +1370,7 @@
"menos posible."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"That was not the end of the GNU projects involved with Lisp. Later on around "
"1995, we were looking into starting a graphical desktop project. It was "
@@ -889,7 +1385,7 @@
"desde el escritorio. La cuestión era cuál."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, <abbr title=\"Tool Command Language\">TCL</abbr> was being "
"pushed heavily for this purpose. I had a very low opinion of TCL, basically "
@@ -919,7 +1415,7 @@
"para todos los programas GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There's an interesting benefit you can get from using such a powerful "
"language as a version of Lisp as your primary extensibility language. You "
@@ -945,18 +1441,50 @@
"cualquier aplicación y extender dicha aplicación usando su lenguaje
favorito."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use
+# | only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any
+# | given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of
+# | [-applications — saying-] {+applications—saying+}
+# | “Please, application developer, put my language into your
+# | application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at
+# | [-all — whichever-] {+all—whichever+} application they're
+# | using comes with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But
+# | when you have a powerful language that can implement others by translating
+# | into it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to
+# | have a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping
+# | [-‘Guile’,-] {+Guile,+} our scheme interpreter, will do. We
+# | had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to
+# | Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone
+# | interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we
+# | have for the future.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use "
+#| "only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any "
+#| "given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+#| "applications — saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+#| "language into your application, not his language.” Then the users "
+#| "get no choices at all — whichever application they're using comes "
+#| "with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you "
+#| "have a powerful language that can implement others by translating into "
+#| "it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have "
+#| "a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our "
+#| "scheme interpreter, will do. We had a person working last summer "
+#| "finishing up a translator from Python to Scheme. I don't know if it's "
+#| "entirely finished yet, but for anyone interested in this project, please "
+#| "get in touch. So that's the plan we have for the future."
msgid ""
"As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use only "
"the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any given "
-"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of applications "
-"— saying “Please, application developer, put my language into "
-"your application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at "
-"all — whichever application they're using comes with one language and "
-"they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a powerful language "
-"that can implement others by translating into it, then you give the user a "
-"choice of language and we don't have to have a language war anymore. That's "
-"what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
+"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+"applications—saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+"language into your application, not his language.” Then the users get "
+"no choices at all—whichever application they're using comes with one "
+"language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a "
+"powerful language that can implement others by translating into it, then you "
+"give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have a language war "
+"anymore. That's what we're hoping Guile, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
"had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to "
"Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone "
"interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we have "
@@ -978,7 +1506,27 @@
"proyecto, por favor póngase en contacto. Este es nuestro plan para el
futuro."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a
+# | little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price;
+# | it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a copy,
+# | or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. The
+# | crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what
+# | it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the
+# | copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is
+# | what free software means. If you are using a non[---]free program, you
+# | have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you "
+#| "a little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to "
+#| "price; it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a "
+#| "copy, or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. "
+#| "The crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study "
+#| "what it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute "
+#| "the copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. "
+#| "This is what free software means. If you are using a non-free program, "
+#| "you have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgid ""
"I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a "
"little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price; it "
@@ -987,7 +1535,7 @@
"thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what it does, "
"free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the copies of "
"others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is what free "
-"software means. If you are using a non-free program, you have lost crucial "
+"software means. If you are using a nonfree program, you have lost crucial "
"freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgstr ""
"Esta charla no es sobre software libre, pero déjenme comentarles brevemente "
@@ -1002,12 +1550,30 @@
"que no es libre, pierde una libertad crucial, asà que no lo haga nunca."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject
+# | freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non[---]free software by providing
+# | free software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to
+# | reject the non[---]free software, when that means some practical
+# | inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you
+# | can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in
+# | practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier
+# | for you to live in freedom, to cooperate.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
+#| "freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+#| "software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to "
+#| "reject the non-free software, when that means some practical "
+#| "inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you "
+#| "can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in "
+#| "practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier "
+#| "for you to live in freedom, to cooperate."
msgid ""
"The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
-"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, nonfree software by providing free "
"software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to reject "
-"the non-free software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
+"the nonfree software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
"less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in practical terms. The less "
"sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier for you to live in freedom, "
@@ -1023,16 +1589,34 @@
"sacrificio, mejor. Queremos hacer más fácil vivir en libertad, cooperar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of
+# | freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here
+# | they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate
+# | with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non[---]free
+# | software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're
+# | not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help
+# | society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless
+# | is the state of users using non[---]free software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
+#| "freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
+#| "they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate "
+#| "with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free "
+#| "software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're "
+#| "not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help "
+#| "society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless "
+#| "is the state of users using non-free software."
msgid ""
"This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
"freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
"they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate with "
-"other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free software, "
+"other people as well as free to help yourself. With nonfree software, "
"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
"share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help society, anymore than "
"you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless is the state of users "
-"using non-free software."
+"using nonfree software."
msgstr ""
"Es una cuestión de libertad para cooperar. Solemos pensar en la libertad y "
"en la cooperación con la sociedad como si fueran opuestos. Pero aquà están
"
@@ -1044,21 +1628,53 @@
"como se encuentran los usuarios de software que no es libre."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people
+# | said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We
+# | have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we
+# | need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project;
+# | help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a
+# | [-href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/help/help.html\">gnu.org/help</a>+} to find suggestions for how
+# | to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the home
+# | page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy.
+# | If you're looking for free software to use, look in /directory, which
+# | lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of all the free
+# | software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. My book of
+# | essays, “Free Software and Free [-Society”,-]
+# | {+Society,”+} is on sale and can be purchased at [-<a
+# | href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>.-] {+www.gnu.org <a
+# | href=\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>.+} Happy hacking!
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what "
+#| "people said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free "
+#| "software. We have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther "
+#| "to go. So we need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the "
+#| "GNU project; help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at "
+#| "<a href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for "
+#| "how to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the "
+#| "home page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /"
+#| "philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /"
+#| "directory, which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of "
+#| "all the free software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. "
+#| "My book of essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on "
+#| "sale and can be purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</"
+#| "a>. Happy hacking!"
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
"said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We "
"have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we need "
"your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project; help us "
-"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/"
-"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you "
-"want to order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want "
-"to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking "
-"for free software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 "
-"packages now (which is a fraction of all the free software out there). "
-"Please write more and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free "
-"Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be purchased at <a href="
-"\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/help.html"
+"\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you want to "
+"order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want to read "
+"about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking for free "
+"software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 packages now "
+"(which is a fraction of all the free software out there). Please write more "
+"and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free Software and Free "
+"Society,” is on sale and can be purchased at www.gnu.org <a href="
+"\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
msgstr ""
"Hemos producido una enorme variedad de software libre. Hemos hecho lo que la "
"gente decÃa que nunca lograrÃamos hacer; tenemos dos sistemas operativos de
"
@@ -1078,8 +1694,13 @@
"\">www.gnu.org</a><sup><a href=\"#TransNote2\" id=\"IniTransNote2\">2</a></"
"sup>. ¡Feliz hacking!"
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "Notas"
+
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
"I began implementing Emacs (on top of TECO), but after one long joint "
@@ -1094,7 +1715,7 @@
"McMahon, contribuyeron más tarde de forma sustancial."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Bernie Greenberg says that Dan Weinreb's implementation of Emacs for the "
"Lisp Machine came before Greenberg's implementation for Multics. I "
@@ -1105,7 +1726,7 @@
"error. "
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt's plan, as I understood it, was to hire lab people part time, so "
"that they could continue working at the AI Lab. Symbolics hired them full "
@@ -1117,13 +1738,26 @@
"jornada completa, asà que dejaron de trabajar en el MIT."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk,
+# | is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at
+# | Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp
+# | Machine [-system — even-] {+system—even+} though the contract
+# | did not require this. Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation
+# | unilaterally.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the "
+#| "talk, is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at "
+#| "Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp "
+#| "Machine system — even though the contract did not require this. "
+#| "Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
"is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at Symbolics "
-"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine system "
-"— even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan was "
-"to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
+"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine "
+"system—even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan "
+"was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgstr ""
"Las circunstancias de este plan, que no expuse explÃcitamente en la charla, "
"fueron las siguientes: durante un periodo inicial los hackers que habÃan "
@@ -1134,7 +1768,7 @@
"ruptura de esta cooperación."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"It was not that I cared particularly about the fate of LMI, but rather I did "
"not want to let Symbolics gain through its aggression against the AI Lab."
@@ -1144,7 +1778,7 @@
"hizo al Laboratorio de Inteligencia Artificial."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This statement has been misconstrued as saying that I never, ever looked at "
"Symbolics' code. Actually it says I did look, at first. The Symbolics "
@@ -1158,7 +1792,7 @@
"modificaciones."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
msgid ""
"But that meant I had to make a special effort to solve each problem "
"differently, in order to avoid copying Symbolics code. After a while, I "
@@ -1172,7 +1806,7 @@
"considerara mejor sin preocuparme de lo que contenÃa el código de
Symbolics."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Symbolics at one point protested to MIT that my work, by thwarting their "
"plan, had cost Symbolics a million dollars."
@@ -1180,7 +1814,7 @@
"En una ocasión Symbolics se quejó al MIT de que mi trabajo, al frustrar sus
"
"planes, le habÃa costado un millón de dólares."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I don't mind if a very complex and heavyweight function takes keyword "
"arguments. What bothers me is making simple basic functions such as “"
@@ -1190,6 +1824,28 @@
"palabras clave. Lo que me molesta es ponerlas en funciones simples y básicas
"
"como «member»."
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-This essay is published in-]{+In 2021, this book can be purchased from+}
+# | <a
+# |
[-href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\";><cite>Free
+# | Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
+# | Stallman</cite></a>.-]
+# |
{+href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-edition\";>
+# | GNU Press</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This essay is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+#| "software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+#| "Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-"
+"edition\"> GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"Este ensayo está publicado en el libro <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"product/free-software-free-society/\"><cite>Software libre para una sociedad "
+"libre: Selección de ensayos de Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+
# type: Content of: <div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -1221,7 +1877,6 @@
"proponer otras correcciones o sugerencias, dirÃjase a <a href=\"mailto:";
"webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>."
-#
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1229,14 +1884,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"El equipo de traductores al español se esfuerza por ofrecer traducciones "
@@ -1249,8 +1904,13 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, [-2014, 2020-] {+2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1279,10 +1939,9 @@
msgstr "Ãltima actualización:"
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/rms-lisp.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.58
retrieving revision 1.59
diff -u -b -r1.58 -r1.59
--- po/rms-lisp.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:42 -0000 1.58
+++ po/rms-lisp.fr.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.59
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: rms-lisp.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2021-09-12 19:21+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Thérèse Godefroy <godef.th AT free.fr>\n"
"Language-Team: French <trad-gnu@april.org>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: \n"
"X-Generator: Gtranslator 2.91.5\n"
@@ -27,19 +28,25 @@
"Mes expériences avec Lisp et le développement de GNU Emacs - Projet GNU - "
"Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr "Mes expériences avec Lisp et le développement de GNU Emacs"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | [-(-]Transcript of Richard Stallman's [-Speech, 28 Oct 2002,-] {+speech+}
+# | at the International Lisp [-Conference).-] {+Conference, 28 Oct 2002.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the "
+#| "International Lisp Conference)."
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr ""
"(Transcription du discours de Richard Stallman à la conférence "
"internationale Lisp, le 28 octobre 2002)"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -51,17 +58,39 @@
"suffisamment de choses dans ma carrière en relation avec Lisp, je devrais "
"être capable de raconter quelque chose d'intéressant."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high
+# | school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a
+# | computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything
+# | with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp
+# | interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data
+# | Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. It was a very small [-machine — it-]
+# | {+machine—it+} had something like 8k of [-memory — and-]
+# | {+memory—and+} I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand
+# | instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was
+# | before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system jobs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
+#| "school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
+#| "computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
+#| "with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
+#| "interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</"
+#| "abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of "
+#| "memory — and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand "
+#| "instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was "
+#| "before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system "
+#| "jobs."
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. "
-"It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of memory "
-"— and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. "
-"This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to "
-"see what real software was like, that did real system jobs."
+"It was a very small machine—it had something like 8k of memory—"
+"and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. This gave "
+"me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to see what "
+"real software was like, that did real system jobs."
msgstr ""
"Ma première expérience avec Lisp a été de lire le manuel Lisp 1.5 au
lycée. "
"C'est à ce moment-là que l'idée m'a frappé de plein fouet : qu'il puisse
y "
@@ -74,13 +103,26 @@
"données. Tout cela, c'était avant que je ne voie ce qu'est un vrai
logiciel, "
"qui fait de vraies tâches sur un système."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I
+# | started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of
+# | Technology\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab
+# | not by JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what
+# | was to [-come — he-] {+come—he+} must have really regretted
+# | that day.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
+#| "started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
+#| "\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by "
+#| "JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+#| "come — he must have really regretted that day."
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
"\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by JonL, "
-"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to come "
-"— he must have really regretted that day."
+"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
"J'ai commencé à travailler sur une vraie implémentation de Lisp avec "
"JonL White après avoir débuté au <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of
"
@@ -89,7 +131,7 @@
"plutôt ironique vu ce qui s'est passé par la suite ; il a vraiment dû "
"regretter ce jourâlà ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -117,7 +159,7 @@
"Je ne sais pas si c'était le premier programme à le faire, mais c'était "
"certainement le premier éditeur comme ça."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
@@ -143,19 +185,46 @@
"une connexion inconsciente. Je pense que c'est la nature de notre façon de "
"vivre au labo d'IA qui a mené à Emacs et l'a fait devenir ce qu'il était."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the
+# | non-interpreted [-language — was-] {+language—was+} PDP-10
+# | Assembler. The interpreter we wrote in that actually wasn't written for
+# | Emacs, it was written for <abbr title=\"Text Editor and
+# | COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and was an extremely ugly
+# | programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. The reason was that it
+# | wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was designed to be an
+# | editor and command language. There were commands like
+# | [-‘5l’,-] {+<code>5l</code>,+} meaning [-‘move-]
+# | {+<code>move+} five [-lines’,-] {+lines</code>,+} or
+# | [-‘i’-] {+<code>i</code>+} and then a string and then an ESC
+# | to insert that string. You would type a string that was a series of
+# | commands, which was called a command string. You would end it with ESC
+# | ESC, and it would get executed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
+#| "non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+#| "wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
+#| "title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, "
+#| "and was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
+#| "be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "it was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands "
+#| "like ‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘"
+#| "i’ and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You "
+#| "would type a string that was a series of commands, which was called a "
+#| "command string. You would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. "
"The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was "
"designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
"L'Emacs original ne contenait pas de Lisp. Le langage de bas niveau, le "
"langage non interprété, était de l'assembleur PDP-10. L'interpréteur dans
"
@@ -170,18 +239,43 @@
"une série de commandes, ce qui s'appelait une chaîne de commande. Vous la "
"terminiez par Ãchap Ãchap, et elle était exécutée."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities,
+# | so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping
+# | construct, which was [-< >.-] {+<code>< ></code>.+} You
+# | would put those around things and it would loop. There were other cryptic
+# | commands that could be used to conditionally exit the loop. To make
+# | Emacs, [-we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a>-] {+we <a
+# | href=\"#foot-1\">[1]</a>+} added facilities to have subroutines with
+# | names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could
+# | only have single letters as their names. That was hard to program big
+# | programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. Actually,
+# | there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its
+# | unwind-protect facility from TECO.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, "
+#| "so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping "
+#| "construct, which was < >. You would put those around things and it "
+#| "would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+#| "conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</"
+#| "a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+#| "sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+#| "their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code "
+#| "so they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather "
+#| "sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect "
+#| "facility from TECO."
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would loop. "
-"There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally exit "
-"the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added facilities to "
-"have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the "
-"subroutines could only have single letters as their names. That was hard to "
-"program big programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. "
-"Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp "
-"got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">[1]"
+"</a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+"sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+"their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so "
+"they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
+"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
"Certaines personnes voulaient étendre ce langage avec des méthodes de "
"programmation. Elles en ont donc ajouté quelques-unes. Par exemple, l'une "
@@ -197,10 +291,28 @@
"avait des méthodes plutôt sophistiquées : je pense que Lisp a hérité sa
"
"méthode <i>unwind-protect</i> de TECO."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the
+# | ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it [-worked — people-]
+# | {+worked—people+} were able to write large programs in it anyway.
+# | The obvious lesson was that a language like TECO, which wasn't designed to
+# | be a programming language, was the wrong way to go. The language that you
+# | build your extensions on shouldn't be thought of as a programming language
+# | in afterthought; it should be designed as a programming language. In fact,
+# | we discovered that the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the "
+#| "ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were "
+#| "able to write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a "
+#| "language like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "was the wrong way to go. The language that you build your extensions on "
+#| "shouldn't be thought of as a programming language in afterthought; it "
+#| "should be designed as a programming language. In fact, we discovered that "
+#| "the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -217,18 +329,41 @@
"après coup, il doit être <em>conçu</em> comme langage de programmation. En
"
"fait, nous avons découvert que le mieux adapté à cet usage était Lisp."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
-"a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his "
-"commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was "
-"written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success — "
-"programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the secretaries "
-"in his office started learning how to use it. They used a manual someone had "
-"written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say it was a "
-"programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do programming, "
-"weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could do useful "
-"things and they learned to program."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it [-was <a
+# | href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>.-] {+was <a href=\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>.+} He
+# | wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his commands in
+# | MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was written
+# | entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great [-success —
+# | programming-] {+success—programming+} new editing commands was so
+# | convenient that even the secretaries in his office started learning how to
+# | use it. They used a manual someone had written which showed how to extend
+# | Emacs, but didn't say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who
+# | believed they couldn't do programming, weren't scared off. They read the
+# | manual, discovered they could do useful things and they learned to program.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">"
+#| "(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote "
+#| "his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself "
+#| "was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success "
+#| "— programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the "
+#| "secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+#| "manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+#| "say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't "
+#| "do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they "
+#| "could do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgid ""
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href="
+"\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he "
+"wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor "
+"itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great "
+"success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that even "
+"the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+"manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say "
+"it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
msgstr ""
"C'est Bernie Greenberg qui l'a découvert <a id=\"foot-2-rev\" href="
"\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>. Il a écrit une version d'Emacs avec le MacLisp de "
@@ -242,16 +377,37 @@
"Elles ont lu le manuel, découvert qu'elles pouvaient faire des choses "
"utiles, et ont appris à programmer."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
-"useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend "
-"by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to "
-"learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are "
-"useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So Bernie saw that an [-application — a-] {+application—a+}
+# | program that does something useful for [-you — which-]
+# | {+you—which+} has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by
+# | rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to
+# | learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are
+# | useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get
+# | encouragement for their own practical [-use — at-] {+use—at+}
+# | the stage where it's the [-hardest — where-] {+hardest—where+}
+# | they don't believe they can program, until they get to the point where
+# | they are programmers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
+#| "useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could "
+#| "extend by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for "
+#| "people to learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small "
+#| "programs that are useful for them, which in most arenas you can't "
+#| "possibly do. They can get encouragement for their own practical use "
+#| "— at the stage where it's the hardest — where they don't "
+#| "believe they can program, until they get to the point where they are "
+#| "programmers."
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
"Bernie a vu ainsi qu'une application (un programme qui fait quelque chose "
"d'utile pour vous) contenant Lisp, qu'on pouvait étendre en réécrivant les
"
@@ -263,30 +419,79 @@
"pouvoir programmer, jusqu'à ce qu'ils en arrivent au point où ils étaient "
"devenus programmeurs."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like
+# | this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp
+# | implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an [-interpreter
+# | — it-] {+interpreter—it+} was a full-fledged Lisp [-system
+# | — but-] {+system—but+} people wanted to implement something
+# | like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp
+# | compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write
+# | the whole editor in [-Lisp — it-] {+Lisp—it+} would be too
+# | slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we
+# | developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and
+# | the lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor
+# | were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we
+# | had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously
+# | practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high
+# | level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them
+# | into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a
+# | paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph,
+# | because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at
+# | the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by writing
+# | a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting part
+# | of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid
+# | technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain
+# | parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower
+# | level.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like "
+#| "this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
+#| "implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
+#| "— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
+#| "implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+#| "written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
+#| "couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+#| "especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed "
+#| "a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the "
+#| "lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor "
+#| "were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we "
+#| "had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously "
+#| "practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high "
+#| "level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them "
+#| "into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a "
+#| "paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph, "
+#| "because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at "
+#| "the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+#| "writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by "
+#| "putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
+#| "the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, "
+#| "but certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be "
+#| "written at a lower level."
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
"on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp implementation. "
-"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter — it was a "
-"full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to implement something "
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-"compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the "
-"whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if "
-"it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The "
-"idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor "
-"together, so that parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those "
-"would be whatever parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique "
-"that we had already consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because "
-"there were certain fairly high level features which we re-implemented in "
-"machine language, making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was "
-"a TECO primitive to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of "
-"filling a paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the "
-"job would be done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the "
-"whole job by writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized "
-"it by putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
-"the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but "
-"certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a "
-"lower level."
+"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter—it was a full-"
+"fledged Lisp system—but people wanted to implement something like that "
+"on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp compiler. Well, "
+"if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the whole editor in "
+"Lisp—it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run "
+"interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write "
+"a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor together, so that "
+"parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever "
+"parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already "
+"consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain "
+"fairly high level features which we re-implemented in machine language, "
+"making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive "
+"to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a "
+"paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be "
+"done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+"writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting "
+"part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid "
+"technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain "
+"parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower "
+"level."
msgstr ""
"à ce moment-là , les gens ont commencé à se demander comment ils pouvaient
"
"obtenir quelque chose de ce genre sur une plateforme sur laquelle ils ne "
@@ -315,16 +520,33 @@
"besoin d'une vitesse d'exécution particulièrement rapide seraient écrites
à "
"un niveau inférieur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the
+# | same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language
+# | anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs
+# | to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but
+# | I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in [-C
+# | — manipulating-] {+C—manipulating+} editor buffers, inserting
+# | leading text, reading and writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the
+# | screen, managing editor windows.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
+#| "same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
+#| "anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs "
+#| "to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but "
+#| "I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
+#| "— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+#| "writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
+#| "windows."
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
-"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
-"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
-"windows."
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C—"
+"manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and writing "
+"files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor windows."
msgstr ""
"Par conséquent, j'ai suivi le même concept pour écrire ma deuxième "
"implémentation d'Emacs. Le langage de bas niveau n'était plus du langage "
@@ -335,20 +557,46 @@
"l'éditeur, insérer des interlignes, lire et écrire des fichiers,
réafficher "
"la pile à l'écran, gérer les fenêtres de l'éditeur."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix.
+# | The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A
+# | strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be
+# | influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original
+# | Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone
+# | wanted to port it to run on [-Twenex — it-] {+Twenex—it+}
+# | originally only ran on the Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT.
+# | They ported it to Twenex, which meant that there were a few hundred
+# | installations around the world that could potentially use it. We started
+# | distributing it to them, with the rule that “you had to send back
+# | all of your improvements” so we could all benefit. No one ever tried
+# | to enforce that, but as far as I know people did cooperate.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. "
+#| "The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
+#| "strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
+#| "influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
+#| "Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone "
+#| "wanted to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
+#| "which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
+#| "that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with "
+#| "the rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” "
+#| "so we could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as "
+#| "I know people did cooperate."
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
-"to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
-"that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the "
-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
-"people did cooperate."
+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
"Cela dit, ce n'était pas le premier Emacs écrit en C et fonctionnant sous "
"Unix. Le premier a été écrit par James Gosling et s'appelait GosMac. Une "
@@ -365,12 +613,26 @@
"Personne n'a jamais essayé de faire appliquer cette règle, mais autant que "
"je sache les gens coopéraient effectivement."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a
+# | manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the
+# | community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the
+# | right approach to take towards a [-community — to-]
+# | {+community—to+} ask them to join in and make the program better.
+# | But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it to a company.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
+#| "manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the "
+#| "community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the "
+#| "right approach to take towards a community — to ask them to join in "
+#| "and make the program better. But after that he seemed to change the "
+#| "spirit, and sold it to a company."
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
@@ -382,7 +644,32 @@
"Mais après cela il a apparemment changé d'état d'esprit et vendu le "
"programme à une entreprise."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like
+# | operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”).
+# | There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however,
+# | have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling
+# | had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He
+# | proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's
+# | Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was
+# | known as [-‘mocklisp’,-] {+“mocklisp,”+} which
+# | looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't have the data structures of
+# | Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital elements of Lisp were missing.
+# | Its data structures were strings, numbers and a few other specialized
+# | things.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
+#| "operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
+#| "There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however, "
+#| "have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling "
+#| "had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
+#| "proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
+#| "Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was "
+#| "known as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but "
+#| "didn't have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and "
+#| "vital elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, "
+#| "numbers and a few other specialized things."
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -391,7 +678,7 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
@@ -409,7 +696,7 @@
"manquaient. Ses structures de données étaient les chaînes de caractères,
les "
"nombres et quelques autres choses spécialisées."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -425,13 +712,28 @@
"aux structures de données des parties internes de l'éditeur pour les "
"manipuler."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an
+# | alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things
+# | would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for
+# | garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any
+# | Lisp programs during that. We've changed that [-since — it's-]
+# | {+since—it's+} now possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's
+# | quite a convenient thing.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of "
+#| "an alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and "
+#| "things would go on with very special data structures that were not safe "
+#| "for garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run "
+#| "any Lisp programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now "
+#| "possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
"L'unique exception était le réaffichage. Pendant longtemps, le réaffichage
a "
@@ -443,15 +745,37 @@
"ça depuis ; il est maintenant possible d'exécuter du code Lisp pendant le "
"réaffichage. C'est quelque chose de très pratique."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This second Emacs program was [-‘free software’-]
+# | {+“free software”+} in the modern sense of the [-term —
+# | it-] {+term—it+} was part of an explicit political campaign to make
+# | software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should be
+# | free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on
+# | software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the
+# | basis for the free software [-movement — the-]
+# | {+movement—the+} experience I had, the life that I've lived at the
+# | MIT AI [-lab — to-] {+lab—to+} be working on human knowledge,
+# | and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further
+# | disseminating human knowledge.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
+#| "sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign "
+#| "to make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody "
+#| "should be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working "
+#| "together on software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. "
+#| "That is the basis for the free software movement — the experience I "
+#| "had, the life that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on "
+#| "human knowledge, and not be standing in the way of anybody's further "
+#| "using and further disseminating human knowledge."
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
-"sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
+"sense of the term—it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
-"basis for the free software movement — the experience I had, the life "
-"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on human knowledge, "
+"basis for the free software movement—the experience I had, the life "
+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
"disseminating human knowledge."
msgstr ""
@@ -464,7 +788,7 @@
"que j'ai vécue au labo d'IA du MIT : travailler sur le savoir de
l'humanité, "
"sans empêcher qui que ce soit de le réutiliser et de le disséminer."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
"as other computers that weren't meant for Lisp, except that it would run "
@@ -485,11 +809,30 @@
"code> sur un nombre, ils sortaient des résultats insensés et finissaient
par "
"planter au bout d'un moment."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those
+# | other machines, but each [-instruction — a-] {+instruction—a+}
+# | <code>car</code> instruction would do data [-typechecking — so-]
+# | {+typechecking—so+} when you tried to get the <code>car</code> of a
+# | number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate error. We
+# | built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was written
+# | almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in the
+# | microcode. People became interested in manufacturing them, which meant
+# | they should start a company.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
+#| "other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> "
+#| "instruction would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get "
+#| "the <code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you "
+#| "an immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system "
+#| "for it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being "
+#| "parts written in the microcode. People became interested in manufacturing "
+#| "them, which meant they should start a company."
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
-"other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> instruction "
-"would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
+"other machines, but each instruction—a <code>car</code> instruction "
+"would do data typechecking—so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
"code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate "
"error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was "
"written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in "
@@ -506,15 +849,34 @@
"microcode. Certaines personnes ont porté de l'intérêt à la fabrication de
la "
"machine Lisp, ce qui voulait dire qu'elles allaient lancer une entreprise."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | There were two different ideas about what this company should be like.
+# | Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company.
+# | This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way
+# | conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab [-culture <a
+# | href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>.-] {+culture <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>.+} Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any
+# | business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they
+# | doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid
+# | outside investment wouldn't work.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
+#| "Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
+#| "This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a "
+#| "way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+#| "<a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
+#| "business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
+#| "doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+#| "outside investment wouldn't work."
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
"This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way "
-"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture <a "
-"href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
-"business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't "
+"have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said "
+"they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
"outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
"Il y avait deux conceptions différentes du type de société que ça devait "
@@ -527,7 +889,7 @@
"émis des doutes sur ses chances de réussite. Elles pensaient que son plan "
"pour éviter les investissements extérieurs ne marcherait pas."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
@@ -540,7 +902,7 @@
"finissez par avoir des scrupules, ils vous remplacent également à la "
"direction."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
@@ -556,7 +918,7 @@
"plus de machines, etc., etc. Les autres personnes du groupe ne pensaient pas "
"que cela puisse fonctionner."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt then recruited Russell Noftsker, the man who had hired me, who "
"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
@@ -577,7 +939,7 @@
"investissements extérieurs, n'auraient aucun scrupule et feraient tout leur "
"possible pour gagner."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
"start Lisp Machines Inc. anyway and go ahead with their plans. And what do "
@@ -601,7 +963,7 @@
"n'allait pas s'écrouler, ils ont commencé à chercher des moyens de la "
"détruire."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
"lab. The abandonment happened when Symbolics hired away all the hackers, "
@@ -631,13 +993,26 @@
"n'avait imaginé que le groupe de hackers du labo d'IA disparaîtrait, mais
ce "
"fut le cas."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said to "
-"the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system available "
-"for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. "
-"Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you "
-"can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So Symbolics came up with a [-plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>.-]
+# | {+plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>.+} They said to the lab,
+# | “We will continue making our changes to the system available for you
+# | to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. Instead,
+# | we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you can run
+# | it, but that's all you can do.”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said "
+#| "to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+#| "available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+#| "system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+#| "and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+msgid ""
+"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>. They "
+"said to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+"available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+"system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+"and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
msgstr ""
"Les gens de Symbolics ont trouvé une combine <a id=\"foot-4-rev\" href="
"\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. Ils ont dit au labo : « Nous continuerons à mettre Ã
"
@@ -646,7 +1021,7 @@
"place, nous vous donnerons accès à celui de Symbolics et vous pourrez le "
"faire fonctionner, mais c'est tout ce que vous pourrez faire. »"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This, in effect, meant that they demanded that we had to choose a side, and "
"use either the MIT version of the system or the Symbolics version. "
@@ -666,12 +1041,28 @@
"mais Symbolics verrait que nous soutenions LMI puisque nous les aidions à "
"exister. Donc nous ne pouvions plus rester neutres."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although
+# | it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the
+# | software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to
+# | help keep Lisp Machines Inc. [-going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> —
+# | I-] {+going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I+} began duplicating
+# | all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp machine system. I
+# | wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the code was my own).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although "
+#| "it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
+#| "software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
+#| "help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+#| "began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
+#| "machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., "
+#| "the code was my own)."
msgid ""
"Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although it "
"made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
"software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
-"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I "
"began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
"machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the "
"code was my own)."
@@ -684,12 +1075,24 @@
"Symbolics avait faites au système de machine Lisp. Je réécrivais des "
"améliorations équivalentes moi-même (c'est-à -dire avec mon propre code)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that it "
-"would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta "
-"announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were "
-"and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | After a [-while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>,-] {+while <a
+# | href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>,+} I came to the conclusion that it would be best
+# | if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta announcement
+# | that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were and then
+# | implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that "
+#| "it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+#| "beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the "
+#| "features were and then implement them. By the time they had a real "
+#| "release, I did too."
+msgid ""
+"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>, I came to the conclusion "
+"that it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+"beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features "
+"were and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
msgstr ""
"Au bout d'un moment <a id=\"foot-6-rev\" href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, je suis "
"arrivé à la conclusion que cela irait mieux si je ne regardais même pas
leur "
@@ -698,15 +1101,33 @@
"moi-même. Au moment où ils avaient une version publiable, j'avais la mienne
"
"également."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines
+# | Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend
+# | years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured
+# | they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with
+# | competition that was not leaving or going to [-disappear <a
+# | href=\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>.-] {+disappear <a
+# | href=\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>.+} Meanwhile, it was time to start building a
+# | new community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped
+# | out.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp "
+#| "Machines Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want "
+#| "to spend years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. "
+#| "I figured they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were "
+#| "stuck with competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+#| "\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+#| "community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgid ""
"In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend "
"years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured "
"they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with "
-"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href=\"#foot-7\">"
-"(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new community to replace "
-"the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
+"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+"\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+"community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgstr ""
"De cette façon, et pendant deux ans, je les ai empêchés d'écraser LMI et
les "
"deux entreprises ont continué d'exister. Mais je ne voulais pas passer des "
@@ -717,7 +1138,7 @@
"il était temps de commencer à bâtir une nouvelle communauté pour
remplacer "
"celle que leurs actions, ainsi que d'autres, avaient rayée de la carte."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Lisp community in the 70s was not limited to the MIT AI Lab, and the "
"hackers were not all at MIT. The war that Symbolics started was what wiped "
@@ -732,18 +1153,54 @@
"coopération ; tout cela a détruit la communauté et il n'en est pas resté
"
"grand-chose."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I
+# | had to make a free operating system, that was [-clear — the-]
+# | {+clear—the+} only way that people could work together and share was
+# | with a free operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. "
+#| "I had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only "
+#| "way that people could work together and share was with a free operating "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I "
-"had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only way "
-"that people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
+"had to make a free operating system, that was clear—the only way that "
+"people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
msgstr ""
"Après avoir arrêté de punir Symbolics, il m'a fallu réfléchir à la
suite. Il "
"fallait que je fasse un système d'exploitation libre, c'était clair ; la "
"seule façon de faire travailler des gens ensemble et de les faire partager "
"était d'avoir un système d'exploitation libre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that
+# | wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp
+# | machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it
+# | possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their
+# | programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you
+# | would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines.
+# | The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're
+# | running one program on a timesharing [-system — if-]
+# | {+system—if+} one program crashes, that's not a disaster, that's
+# | something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for
+# | writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system
+# | like the Lisp machine.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
+#| "wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp "
+#| "machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it "
+#| "possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their "
+#| "programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you "
+#| "would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. "
+#| "The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're "
+#| "running one program on a timesharing system — if one program "
+#| "crashes, that's not a disaster, that's something your program "
+#| "occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for writing the operating "
+#| "system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system like the Lisp "
+#| "machine."
msgid ""
"At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
"wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp machine "
@@ -752,7 +1209,7 @@
"still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you would be reduced to "
"something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. The programs would be "
"faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're running one program on a "
-"timesharing system — if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
+"timesharing system—if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
"that's something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it "
"good for writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a "
"system like the Lisp machine."
@@ -771,7 +1228,7 @@
"système d'exploitation ; j'ai donc rejeté l'idée de prendre comme modèle
le "
"système comme la machine Lisp."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I decided instead to make a Unix-like operating system that would have Lisp "
"implementations to run as user programs. The kernel wouldn't be written in "
@@ -788,7 +1245,7 @@
"faire le strict minimum d'implémentation Lisp. La taille des programmes "
"était un souci énorme."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There were people in those days, in 1985, who had one-megabyte machines "
"without virtual memory. They wanted to be able to use GNU Emacs. This meant "
@@ -799,15 +1256,34 @@
"Cela voulait dire que je devais garder le programme aussi réduit que "
"possible."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
-"while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of "
-"the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, "
-"or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to "
-"keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ "
-"and so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of "
-"GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For instance, at the time the only looping construct was
+# | [-‘while’,-] {+<code>while</code>,+} which was extremely
+# | simple. There was no way to break out of the [-‘while’-]
+# | {+<code>while</code>+} statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw,
+# | or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to
+# | keep things small. We didn't have [-‘caar’-]
+# | {+<code>caar</code>+} and [-‘cadr’-] {+<code>cadr</code>+} and
+# | so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU
+# | Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
+#| "while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out "
+#| "of the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a "
+#| "throw, or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was "
+#| "pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
+#| "‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything "
+#| "possible” was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, "
+#| "from the beginning."
+msgid ""
+"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was <code>while</code>, "
+"which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of the "
+"<code>while</code> statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, or "
+"test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to keep "
+"things small. We didn't have <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so "
+"on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU "
+"Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
msgstr ""
"Par exemple, à ce moment-là , la seule construction de boucle était "
"<code>while</code>, et elle était extrêmement simple. Il n'existait aucun "
@@ -818,15 +1294,35 @@
"simplifier au maximum était l'esprit de GNU Emacs, l'esprit du Lisp d'Emacs,
"
"depuis l'origine."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more.
+# | We put in [-‘caar’-] {+<code>caar</code>+} and
+# | [-‘cadr’-] {+<code>cadr</code>+} and so on, and we might put
+# | in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it
+# | some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I
+# | implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that
+# | happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword [-arguments
+# | <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>.-] {+arguments <a
+# | href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>.+} They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it
+# | sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. "
+#| "We put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we "
+#| "might put in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing "
+#| "to extend it some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of "
+#| "common Lisp. I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm "
+#| "not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is "
+#| "keyword arguments <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite "
+#| "Lispy to me; I'll do it sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgid ""
"Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. We "
-"put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we might put "
+"put in <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so on, and we might put "
"in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it "
"some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I "
"implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that happy "
-"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a href="
-"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
+"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
+"href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
"sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgstr ""
"Ãvidemment les machines sont plus grosses maintenant et nous ne travaillons "
@@ -839,7 +1335,7 @@
"clefs <a id=\"foot-8-rev\" href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. Ils ne me semblent pas "
"très « Lisp » ; je le fais de temps à autre, mais le moins possible."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"That was not the end of the GNU projects involved with Lisp. Later on around "
"1995, we were looking into starting a graphical desktop project. It was "
@@ -853,7 +1349,7 @@
"programmation qui permette d'en écrire une grande partie et de le rendre "
"facilement extensible, comme l'éditeur. La question était lequel choisir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, <abbr title=\"Tool Command Language\">TCL</abbr> was being "
"pushed heavily for this purpose. I had a very low opinion of TCL, basically "
@@ -882,7 +1378,7 @@
"ensuite de donner la préférence à Scheme pour les extensions à tous les "
"programmes GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There's an interesting benefit you can get from using such a powerful "
"language as a version of Lisp as your primary extensibility language. You "
@@ -908,18 +1404,50 @@
"dans n'importe quelle application et la configurer dans votre langage "
"favori, et cela marcherait également avec d'autres configurations."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use
+# | only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any
+# | given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of
+# | [-applications — saying-] {+applications—saying+}
+# | “Please, application developer, put my language into your
+# | application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at
+# | [-all — whichever-] {+all—whichever+} application they're
+# | using comes with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But
+# | when you have a powerful language that can implement others by translating
+# | into it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to
+# | have a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping
+# | [-‘Guile’,-] {+Guile,+} our scheme interpreter, will do. We
+# | had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to
+# | Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone
+# | interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we
+# | have for the future.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use "
+#| "only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any "
+#| "given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+#| "applications — saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+#| "language into your application, not his language.” Then the users "
+#| "get no choices at all — whichever application they're using comes "
+#| "with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you "
+#| "have a powerful language that can implement others by translating into "
+#| "it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have "
+#| "a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our "
+#| "scheme interpreter, will do. We had a person working last summer "
+#| "finishing up a translator from Python to Scheme. I don't know if it's "
+#| "entirely finished yet, but for anyone interested in this project, please "
+#| "get in touch. So that's the plan we have for the future."
msgid ""
"As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use only "
"the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any given "
-"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of applications "
-"— saying “Please, application developer, put my language into "
-"your application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at "
-"all — whichever application they're using comes with one language and "
-"they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a powerful language "
-"that can implement others by translating into it, then you give the user a "
-"choice of language and we don't have to have a language war anymore. That's "
-"what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
+"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+"applications—saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+"language into your application, not his language.” Then the users get "
+"no choices at all—whichever application they're using comes with one "
+"language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a "
+"powerful language that can implement others by translating into it, then you "
+"give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have a language war "
+"anymore. That's what we're hoping Guile, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
"had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to "
"Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone "
"interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we have "
@@ -941,7 +1469,27 @@
"quelqu'un est intéressé par ce projet, contactez-moi. Voilà donc notre "
"projet pour l'avenir."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a
+# | little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price;
+# | it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a copy,
+# | or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. The
+# | crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what
+# | it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the
+# | copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is
+# | what free software means. If you are using a non[---]free program, you
+# | have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you "
+#| "a little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to "
+#| "price; it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a "
+#| "copy, or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. "
+#| "The crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study "
+#| "what it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute "
+#| "the copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. "
+#| "This is what free software means. If you are using a non-free program, "
+#| "you have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgid ""
"I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a "
"little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price; it "
@@ -950,7 +1498,7 @@
"thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what it does, "
"free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the copies of "
"others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is what free "
-"software means. If you are using a non-free program, you have lost crucial "
+"software means. If you are using a nonfree program, you have lost crucial "
"freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgstr ""
"Je n'ai pas parlé de logiciel libre, mais laissez-moi vous dire rapidement "
@@ -965,12 +1513,30 @@
"signifie « logiciel libre ». Si vous utilisez des logiciels non libres,
vous "
"perdez cette liberté capitale, donc ne le faites jamais."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject
+# | freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non[---]free software by providing
+# | free software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to
+# | reject the non[---]free software, when that means some practical
+# | inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you
+# | can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in
+# | practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier
+# | for you to live in freedom, to cooperate.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
+#| "freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+#| "software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to "
+#| "reject the non-free software, when that means some practical "
+#| "inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you "
+#| "can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in "
+#| "practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier "
+#| "for you to live in freedom, to cooperate."
msgid ""
"The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
-"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, nonfree software by providing free "
"software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to reject "
-"the non-free software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
+"the nonfree software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
"less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in practical terms. The less "
"sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier for you to live in freedom, "
@@ -985,16 +1551,34 @@
"moindre en termes pratiques. Plus le sacrifice est petit, mieux c'est. Nous "
"voulons leur faciliter la vie libre, la coopération."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of
+# | freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here
+# | they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate
+# | with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non[---]free
+# | software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're
+# | not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help
+# | society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless
+# | is the state of users using non[---]free software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
+#| "freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
+#| "they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate "
+#| "with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free "
+#| "software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're "
+#| "not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help "
+#| "society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless "
+#| "is the state of users using non-free software."
msgid ""
"This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
"freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
"they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate with "
-"other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free software, "
+"other people as well as free to help yourself. With nonfree software, "
"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
"share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help society, anymore than "
"you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless is the state of users "
-"using non-free software."
+"using nonfree software."
msgstr ""
"Il s'agit de la liberté de coopérer. Nous avons l'habitude de penser à la "
"liberté et à la coopération avec la société comme si ces notions "
@@ -1006,21 +1590,53 @@
"vous n'êtes autorisé à vous aider vous-même. Divisés et impuissants,
voilà "
"l'état des utilisateurs de logiciel non libre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people
+# | said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We
+# | have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we
+# | need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project;
+# | help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a
+# | [-href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/help/help.html\">gnu.org/help</a>+} to find suggestions for how
+# | to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the home
+# | page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy.
+# | If you're looking for free software to use, look in /directory, which
+# | lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of all the free
+# | software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. My book of
+# | essays, “Free Software and Free [-Society”,-]
+# | {+Society,”+} is on sale and can be purchased at [-<a
+# | href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>.-] {+www.gnu.org <a
+# | href=\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>.+} Happy hacking!
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what "
+#| "people said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free "
+#| "software. We have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther "
+#| "to go. So we need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the "
+#| "GNU project; help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at "
+#| "<a href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for "
+#| "how to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the "
+#| "home page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /"
+#| "philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /"
+#| "directory, which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of "
+#| "all the free software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. "
+#| "My book of essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on "
+#| "sale and can be purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</"
+#| "a>. Happy hacking!"
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
"said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We "
"have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we need "
"your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project; help us "
-"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/"
-"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you "
-"want to order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want "
-"to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking "
-"for free software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 "
-"packages now (which is a fraction of all the free software out there). "
-"Please write more and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free "
-"Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be purchased at <a href="
-"\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/help.html"
+"\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you want to "
+"order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want to read "
+"about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking for free "
+"software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 packages now "
+"(which is a fraction of all the free software out there). Please write more "
+"and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free Software and Free "
+"Society,” is on sale and can be purchased at www.gnu.org <a href="
+"\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
msgstr ""
"Nous avons produit une variété énorme de logiciels libres. Nous avons fait
"
"ce que les gens disaient que nous n'arriverions jamais à faire ; nous avons
"
@@ -1040,7 +1656,14 @@
"libre), est en vente et peut être acheté sur <a href=\"/\">www.gnu.org</a>.
"
"<i>Happy hacking!</i> (Codez joyeusement !)"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnotes"
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "Notes"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
"I began implementing Emacs (on top of TECO), but after one long joint "
@@ -1055,7 +1678,7 @@
"Eugene C. Cicciarelli et Mike McMahon, ont par la suite contribué de
manière "
"substantielle. <a href=\"#foot-1-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Bernie Greenberg says that Dan Weinreb's implementation of Emacs for the "
"Lisp Machine came before Greenberg's implementation for Multics. I "
@@ -1066,7 +1689,7 @@
"présente mes excuses pour cette erreur. <a href=\"#foot-2-rev\" class="
"\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt's plan, as I understood it, was to hire lab people part time, so "
"that they could continue working at the AI Lab. Symbolics hired them full "
@@ -1078,13 +1701,26 @@
"donc ils ont arrêté de travailler au MIT. <a href=\"#foot-3-rev\" class="
"\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk,
+# | is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at
+# | Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp
+# | Machine [-system — even-] {+system—even+} though the contract
+# | did not require this. Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation
+# | unilaterally.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the "
+#| "talk, is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at "
+#| "Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp "
+#| "Machine system — even though the contract did not require this. "
+#| "Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
"is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at Symbolics "
-"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine system "
-"— even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan was "
-"to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
+"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine "
+"system—even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan "
+"was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgstr ""
"L'arrière-pensée de ce plan, que je n'ai pas explicitée dans le discours, "
"était que durant cette période initiale les ex-hackers du labo d'IA, que ce
"
@@ -1093,7 +1729,7 @@
"plan de Symbolics était de briser cette coopération unilatéralement. <a
href="
"\"#foot-4-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"It was not that I cared particularly about the fate of LMI, but rather I did "
"not want to let Symbolics gain through its aggression against the AI Lab."
@@ -1102,7 +1738,7 @@
"que je ne voulais pas laisser Symbolics gagner grâce à son agression contre
"
"le labo d'IA. <a href=\"#foot-5-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This statement has been misconstrued as saying that I never, ever looked at "
"Symbolics' code. Actually it says I did look, at first. The Symbolics "
@@ -1115,7 +1751,7 @@
"disponible au MIT où j'étais en droit de le lire, et au début c'est ainsi "
"que je me suis rendu compte de leurs modifications."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
msgid ""
"But that meant I had to make a special effort to solve each problem "
"differently, in order to avoid copying Symbolics code. After a while, I "
@@ -1129,7 +1765,7 @@
"façon, sans me soucier de ce qui était dans le code de Symbolics. <a href="
"\"#foot-6-rev\" class=\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Symbolics at one point protested to MIT that my work, by thwarting their "
"plan, had cost Symbolics a million dollars."
@@ -1138,7 +1774,7 @@
"coûté à Symbolics un million de dollars. <a href=\"#foot-7-rev\" class="
"\"nounderline\">↑</a>"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I don't mind if a very complex and heavyweight function takes keyword "
"arguments. What bothers me is making simple basic functions such as “"
@@ -1149,6 +1785,28 @@
"et basiques comme « member ». <a href=\"#foot-8-rev\"
class=\"nounderline"
"\">↑</a>"
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-This essay is published in-]{+In 2021, this book can be purchased from+}
+# | <a
+# |
[-href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\";><cite>Free
+# | Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
+# | Stallman</cite></a>.-]
+# |
{+href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-edition\";>
+# | GNU Press</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This essay is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+#| "software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+#| "Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-"
+"edition\"> GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"Cet article est publié dans le livre <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/";
+"free-software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The "
+"Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -1191,14 +1849,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Merci d'adresser vos commentaires sur les pages en français à <<a href="
@@ -1209,8 +1867,13 @@
"traduction</a> les infos nécessaires."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, [-2014, 2020-] {+2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1237,10 +1900,9 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Dernière mise à jour :"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/rms-lisp.ja.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.ja.po,v
retrieving revision 1.23
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -b -r1.23 -r1.24
--- po/rms-lisp.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:43 -0000 1.23
+++ po/rms-lisp.ja.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.24
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: rms-lisp.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-28 15:37+0900\n"
"Last-Translator: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Japanese <web-translators-ja@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
@@ -24,19 +25,23 @@
"ãããã®Lispã®çµé¨ã¨GNU Emacsã®éçº - GNUããã¸ã§ã¯ã -
ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢"
"ãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr "ãããã®Lispã®çµé¨ã¨GNU Emacsã®éçº"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the "
+#| "International Lisp Conference)."
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr ""
"(2002å¹´10æ28æ¥ãå½éLispã«ã³ãã¡ã¬ã³ã¹ã§ã®ãªãã£ã¼ãã»ã¹ãã¼ã«ãã³ã®è¬æ¼ã®è¨"
"é²)ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -48,17 +53,29 @@
"ã«ããã¦ããããã¯Lispã¨é¢é£ãããã¨ããããããã£ã¦ããã®ã§ããªã«ãèå³æ·±ã"
"ãã¨ã話ããã¹ãã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
+#| "school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
+#| "computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
+#| "with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
+#| "interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</"
+#| "abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of "
+#| "memory — and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand "
+#| "instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was "
+#| "before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system "
+#| "jobs."
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. "
-"It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of memory "
-"— and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. "
-"This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to "
-"see what real software was like, that did real system jobs."
+"It was a very small machine—it had something like 8k of memory—"
+"and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. This gave "
+"me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to see what "
+"real software was like, that did real system jobs."
msgstr ""
"ãããã®æåã®Lispã®çµé¨ã¯ãé«æ ¡ã§Lisp
1.5ããã¥ã¢ã«ãèªãã ã¨ãã§ãããã®"
"æããããã®å¿ã«ããã®ãããªã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿è¨èªãããããã¨ããèããå¹ãã¤ãã"
@@ -69,13 +86,20 @@
"å¾ããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãããæ¬å½ã®ã·ã¹ãã
ã®ä»äºãããæ¬å½ã®ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãã©ããã£"
"ããã®ã§ããããç¥ãåã®ãã¨ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
+#| "started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
+#| "\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by "
+#| "JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+#| "come — he must have really regretted that day."
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
"\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by JonL, "
-"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to come "
-"— he must have really regretted that day."
+"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
"<abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of
Technology\">MIT</abbr>ã§åãã¯ãã"
"ãããã¸ã§ã³Lã»ãã¯ã¤ãã¨æ¬å½ã®Lispã®å®è£
ã®ä»äºãã¯ããã¾ãããAIã©ã(人工ç¥"
@@ -83,7 +107,7 @@
"ãã¯ãå¼ãç¶ãã¦èµ·ãããã¨ãèããã¨ããã£ã¨ãç®èãªãã¨ã§ãããã¯ãã®æ¥ãå®"
"ã«å¾æããã«éãããã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -108,7 +132,7 @@
"ã¤ã¤ããã°ã©ã
ã§ãããã®ã§ããããããããããã£ããã®ã®æåã§ãããã©ããã¯"
"ç¥ãã¾ããããããããã®ãããªæåã®ã¨ãã£ã¿ã§ãã£ãã®ã¯ç¢ºãã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
@@ -130,19 +154,32 @@
"ããç¡æèã®ã¤ãªããããã£ããã¨ãããã¨ã«ã¯åæãã¾ããEmacsãå°ãããããã"
"ãã§ããããã«ããã®ã¯ãããããã¡ãæ®ãããAIã©ãã®æ¹æ³ã®æ§è³ªã
ã¨æãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
+#| "non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+#| "wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
+#| "title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, "
+#| "and was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
+#| "be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "it was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands "
+#| "like ‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘"
+#| "i’ and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You "
+#| "would type a string that was a series of commands, which was called a "
+#| "command string. You would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. "
"The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was "
"designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
"ãªãªã¸ãã«ã®Emacsã«ã¯Lispã¯ããã¾ããã§ãããä½ã¬ãã«ã®è¨èªãã¤ã³ã¿ããªã¿è¨èª"
"ã§ã¯ãªããã®ã¯ãPDP-10ã®ã¢ã»ã³ãã©ã§ãããããããã¡ããããã§ä½¿ã£ãã¤ã³ã¿ã"
@@ -155,18 +192,31 @@
"ã§ããã®æååãæ¿å
¥ããªã©ã§ããã³ãã³ãæååãã¨å¼ã°ããã³ãã³ãã®åã§ãã"
"æååãã¿ã¤ãããã®ã§ããããããESC
ESCã§çµäºããã¨ãå®è¡ãããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, "
+#| "so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping "
+#| "construct, which was < >. You would put those around things and it "
+#| "would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+#| "conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</"
+#| "a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+#| "sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+#| "their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code "
+#| "so they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather "
+#| "sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect "
+#| "facility from TECO."
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would loop. "
-"There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally exit "
-"the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added facilities to "
-"have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the "
-"subroutines could only have single letters as their names. That was hard to "
-"program big programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. "
-"Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp "
-"got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">[1]"
+"</a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+"sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+"their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so "
+"they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
+"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
"ã¾ãã人ã
ããã®è¨èªã«ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®æ©è½ãæ¡å¼µãããããããã¤ã足ãã¾ã"
"ãããã¨ãã°ãæåã®ãã®ã¯ãã«ã¼ãæ§é ã§ã< >
ã§ããããããããããã®"
@@ -178,10 +228,20 @@
"ãååãæã¦ãããã«ã³ã¼ãã追å
ããã®ã§ããå®éãæ´ç·´ãããæ©è½ãããã¤ãã"
"ãã¾ããããããã¯ãLispã¯TECOããunwind-protectã®æ©è½ãæ¡ã£ãã¨æãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the "
+#| "ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were "
+#| "able to write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a "
+#| "language like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "was the wrong way to go. The language that you build your extensions on "
+#| "shouldn't be thought of as a programming language in afterthought; it "
+#| "should be designed as a programming language. In fact, we discovered that "
+#| "the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -197,18 +257,30 @@
"ãã¯ããã°ã©ãã³ã°è¨èªã¨ãã¦è¨è¨ãããã¹ãã§ããå®éããã®ç®çã«æé©ã®ããã°"
"ã©ãã³ã°è¨èªã¯Lispã ã¨ãããããã¡ã¯çºè¦ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
-"a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his "
-"commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was "
-"written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success — "
-"programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the secretaries "
-"in his office started learning how to use it. They used a manual someone had "
-"written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say it was a "
-"programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do programming, "
-"weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could do useful "
-"things and they learned to program."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">"
+#| "(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote "
+#| "his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself "
+#| "was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success "
+#| "— programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the "
+#| "secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+#| "manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+#| "say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't "
+#| "do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they "
+#| "could do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgid ""
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href="
+"\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he "
+"wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor "
+"itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great "
+"success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that even "
+"the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+"manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say "
+"it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
msgstr ""
"ããã ã¨<a
href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>çºè¦ããã®ã¯ããã¼ãã¼ã»ã°ãªã¼ã³ãã¼ã°ã§ã"
"ããããã¯Multics
MacLispã§Emacsã®ãããã¼ã¸ã§ã³ãæ¸ããã¾ã£ãããªããæ¹ã§ã"
@@ -221,16 +293,27 @@
"ãããªãã£ãã®ã§ããããã¥ã¢ã«ãèªãã§ãæç¨ãªäºãã§ãããã¨ãçºè¦ããããã°"
"ã©ã ãããã¨ãå¦ç¿ããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
-"useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend "
-"by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to "
-"learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are "
-"useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
+#| "useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could "
+#| "extend by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for "
+#| "people to learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small "
+#| "programs that are useful for them, which in most arenas you can't "
+#| "possibly do. They can get encouragement for their own practical use "
+#| "— at the stage where it's the hardest — where they don't "
+#| "believe they can program, until they get to the point where they are "
+#| "programmers."
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
"ã§ãããããã¼ãã¼ã¯ãæ°ã¥ãã¾ãããããã¢ããªã±ã¼ã·ã§ã³(ãªã«ãæç¨ãªããã°ã©"
"ã )ãLispãå
èµããLispããã°ã©ã
ãæ¸ãç´ããã¨ã§æ¡å¼µã§ãããã¨ã— ãã"
@@ -240,30 +323,55 @@
"æããã¦ãããã°ã©ã
ãããã¨ãªã©èããããªãã£ãã®ããããã°ã©ãã¨ãªãã¨ãã"
"ã¾ã§è³ã£ãã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like "
+#| "this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
+#| "implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
+#| "— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
+#| "implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+#| "written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
+#| "couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+#| "especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed "
+#| "a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the "
+#| "lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor "
+#| "were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we "
+#| "had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously "
+#| "practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high "
+#| "level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them "
+#| "into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a "
+#| "paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph, "
+#| "because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at "
+#| "the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+#| "writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by "
+#| "putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
+#| "the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, "
+#| "but certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be "
+#| "written at a lower level."
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
"on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp implementation. "
-"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter — it was a "
-"full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to implement something "
-"like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp "
-"compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the "
-"whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if "
-"it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The "
-"idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor "
-"together, so that parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those "
-"would be whatever parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique "
-"that we had already consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because "
-"there were certain fairly high level features which we re-implemented in "
-"machine language, making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was "
-"a TECO primitive to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of "
-"filling a paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the "
-"job would be done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the "
-"whole job by writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized "
-"it by putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
-"the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but "
-"certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a "
-"lower level."
+"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter—it was a full-"
+"fledged Lisp system—but people wanted to implement something like that "
+"on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp compiler. Well, "
+"if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the whole editor in "
+"Lisp—it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run "
+"interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write "
+"a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor together, so that "
+"parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever "
+"parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already "
+"consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain "
+"fairly high level features which we re-implemented in machine language, "
+"making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive "
+"to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a "
+"paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be "
+"done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+"writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting "
+"part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid "
+"technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain "
+"parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower "
+"level."
msgstr ""
"ãã®æç¹ã§ã人ã
ã¯ã以åã¯Lispã®å®è£
ã®å®å
¨ãªãµã¼ãã¹ãæããªãã£ããã©ãã"
"ãã©ã¼ã
ã§ããªã«ããã®ãããªãã®ãå¾ããã¨ããã©ããããã§ããããèãå§ãã"
@@ -286,16 +394,25 @@
"Lispã§ã¨ãã£ã¿ã®ã»ã¨ãã©ã®é¨åãæ¸ããã¾ãããç¹ã«éãå®è¡ããªããã°ãªããªã"
"ããé¨åã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãä½ã¬ãã«ã§æ¸ãããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
+#| "same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
+#| "anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs "
+#| "to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but "
+#| "I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
+#| "— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+#| "writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
+#| "windows."
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
-"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
-"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
-"windows."
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C—"
+"manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and writing "
+"files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor windows."
msgstr ""
"ã§ããããããããEmacsã®ãããã®ç¬¬äºã®å®è£
ãæ¸ããã¨ããåããããªè¨è¨ã«å¾ã"
"ã¾ãããä½ã¬ãã«è¨èªã¯ããã¯ãæ©æ¢°èªã§ã¯ãªããCã§ãããCã¯è¯ããã®ã§ãUnixã©"
@@ -305,20 +422,34 @@
"ãããã¡ã¤ã«ã«èªã¿æ¸ããããç»é¢ã«ãããã¡ãå表示ãããã¨ãã£ã¿ã®ã¦ã£ã³ãã¦"
"ã管çããããªã©ã®æ©æ§ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. "
+#| "The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
+#| "strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
+#| "influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
+#| "Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone "
+#| "wanted to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
+#| "which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
+#| "that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with "
+#| "the rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” "
+#| "so we could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as "
+#| "I know people did cooperate."
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
-"to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
-"that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the "
-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
-"people did cooperate."
+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
"ãã®æãããã¯ãCã§æ¸ããã¦Unixã§åãæåã®Emacsã§ã¯ããã¾ããã§ãããæåã®"
"ãã®ã¯ã¸ã§ã¼ã
ã¹ã»ã´ã¹ãªã³ã°ã«ãã£ã¦æ¸ãããGosMacsã¨å¼ã°ãã¾ãããããããªäº"
@@ -332,12 +463,20 @@
"ãããã®å©çã享åããããã§ãã誰ããããå¼·å¶ãããã¨ã¯ãã¾ããã§ããããã"
"ããã®ç¥ãéãã人ã
ã¯ååãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
+#| "manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the "
+#| "community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the "
+#| "right approach to take towards a community — to ask them to join in "
+#| "and make the program better. But after that he seemed to change the "
+#| "spirit, and sold it to a company."
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
@@ -347,7 +486,20 @@
"ããã³ãã¥ããã£ã«åå ãå¼ã³ãããããã°ã©ã
ããããããã®ã¨ãããã¨ãããã"
"ããããã®å¾ãããã¯å¿å¤ããããããã§ããããä¼ç¤¾ã«å£²ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
+#| "operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
+#| "There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however, "
+#| "have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling "
+#| "had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
+#| "proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
+#| "Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was "
+#| "known as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but "
+#| "didn't have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and "
+#| "vital elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, "
+#| "numbers and a few other specialized things."
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -356,7 +508,7 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
@@ -373,7 +525,7 @@
"ã°ã©ã ã¯ãã¼ã¿ã§ã¯ãªããLispã®ä¸»è¦ãªè¦ç´ ãæ¬
ãã¦ãã¾ããããã®ãã¼ã¿æ§é ã¯æ"
"ååãæ°ãããã¦ãããã¤ãã®ç¹å¥ãªãã®ã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -387,13 +539,21 @@
"ãã¼ã¿æ§é ã§ã¯ãªããã¨ãã£ã¿ã®å
é¨ã®ãã¼ã¿æ§é
ãå¤é¨ã«å¼ãåºããã¦ã¼ã¶ã®Lisp"
"ããã°ã©ã ããæä½ã§ãããã®ã¨ããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of "
+#| "an alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and "
+#| "things would go on with very special data structures that were not safe "
+#| "for garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run "
+#| "any Lisp programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now "
+#| "possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
"ä¸ã¤ã®ä¾å¤ã¯åæç»ã§ãããé·ãéãåæç»ã¯ããã種ã®å¥ä¸çã§ãããã¨ãã£ã¿ã"
@@ -402,15 +562,26 @@
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"ããåæç»ã®æä¸ã«Lispã®ã³ã¼ããå®è¡ã§ãã¾ããããã¯ãã¨ã¦ã便å©ãªãã¨ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
+#| "sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign "
+#| "to make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody "
+#| "should be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working "
+#| "together on software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. "
+#| "That is the basis for the free software movement — the experience I "
+#| "had, the life that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on "
+#| "human knowledge, and not be standing in the way of anybody's further "
+#| "using and further disseminating human knowledge."
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
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+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
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"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
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+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
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msgstr ""
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
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ãéãå®è¡ãããã¨ã¯ã§ãã¾ãããæ°ã«å¯¾ãã¦<code>car</code>ãåããã¨ãã"
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
+#| "other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> "
+#| "instruction would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get "
+#| "the <code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you "
+#| "an immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system "
+#| "for it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being "
+#| "parts written in the microcode. People became interested in manufacturing "
+#| "them, which meant they should start a company."
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
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"code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate "
"error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
+#| "Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
+#| "This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a "
+#| "way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+#| "<a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
+#| "business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
+#| "doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+#| "outside investment wouldn't work."
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
"This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way "
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-"business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't "
+"have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said "
+"they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
"outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
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"å¤é¨ããã®æè³ãé¿ããè¨ç»ã¯ãã¾ãè¡ããªãã¨èãã¦ããã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
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ã¯ãããã¯è¡ã"
"ãªãã ããã¨èãã¦ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Greenblatt then recruited Russell Noftsker, the man who had hired me, who "
"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
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"ããã¦ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
"start Lisp Machines Inc. anyway and go ahead with their plans. And what do "
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"ãæ¢ãåºãå§ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
"lab. The abandonment happened when Symbolics hired away all the hackers, "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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-"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said to "
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-"for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. "
-"Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you "
-"can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said "
+#| "to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+#| "available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+#| "system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+#| "and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+msgid ""
+"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>. They "
+"said to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
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msgstr ""
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ã¸ã®ããããã¡ã®å¤æ´ã使ç¨å¯è½ã¨ããããã«ç¶"
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ã¸ã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãæä¾ããå®è¡ãããã¨ãã§ãã¾"
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"This, in effect, meant that they demanded that we had to choose a side, and "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although "
+#| "it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
+#| "software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
+#| "help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+#| "began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
+#| "machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., "
+#| "the code was my own)."
msgid ""
"Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although it "
"made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
"software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
-"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I "
"began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
"machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the "
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-"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that it "
-"would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta "
-"announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were "
-"and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that "
+#| "it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+#| "beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the "
+#| "features were and then implement them. By the time they had a real "
+#| "release, I did too."
+msgid ""
+"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>, I came to the conclusion "
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msgstr ""
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"ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp "
+#| "Machines Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want "
+#| "to spend years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. "
+#| "I figured they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were "
+#| "stuck with competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+#| "\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+#| "community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgid ""
"In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines "
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-"(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new community to replace "
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+"community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgstr ""
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. "
+#| "I had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only "
+#| "way that people could work together and share was with a free operating "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
+#| "wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp "
+#| "machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it "
+#| "possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their "
+#| "programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you "
+#| "would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. "
+#| "The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're "
+#| "running one program on a timesharing system — if one program "
+#| "crashes, that's not a disaster, that's something your program "
+#| "occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for writing the operating "
+#| "system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system like the Lisp "
+#| "machine."
msgid ""
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
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msgid ""
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+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
+#| "while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out "
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+#| "pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
+#| "‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything "
+#| "possible” was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, "
+#| "from the beginning."
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. "
+#| "We put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we "
+#| "might put in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing "
+#| "to extend it some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of "
+#| "common Lisp. I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm "
+#| "not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is "
+#| "keyword arguments <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite "
+#| "Lispy to me; I'll do it sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgid ""
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-"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a href="
-"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
+"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
+"href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
"sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgstr ""
"ããããã«ããã·ã³ã¯ä»ã大ãããªãããã¯ããã®ããã«ããããã¡ã¯è¡ã£ã¦ãã¾ã"
@@ -768,7 +1031,7 @@
"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>ãããã¯ããããã«ã¯ãã¾ãLispãããããã¾ããããããã¯"
"ãã¼ã¯ã¼ãå¼æ°ããã¾ã«ä½¿ãã¾ããã使ãã®ã¯æå°ã«ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"That was not the end of the GNU projects involved with Lisp. Later on around "
"1995, we were looking into starting a graphical desktop project. It was "
@@ -782,7 +1045,7 @@
"æ¸ããããã°ã©ã
ãã¨ãã£ã¿ã®ããã«ç°¡åã«æ¡å¼µå¯è½ã¨ãªããããªãã®ããæå¾
ãã¦"
"ãã¾ãããåé¡ã¯ãã©ã®ãããªããã°ã©ãã³ã°è¨èªã§ããã¹ãããã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, <abbr title=\"Tool Command Language\">TCL</abbr> was being "
"pushed heavily for this purpose. I had a very low opinion of TCL, basically "
@@ -810,7 +1073,7 @@
"ãã¹ã¦ã®GNUããã°ã©ã
ã«å¯¾ãã¦ãããã好ãã¹ãæ¡å¼µããã±ã¼ã¸ã¨ãã¦æ¨å¥¨ããã®ã§"
"ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There's an interesting benefit you can get from using such a powerful "
"language as a version of Lisp as your primary extensibility language. You "
@@ -834,18 +1097,34 @@
"ãããããã¦ããããã©ããªã¢ããªã±ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã«ããã¼ããã¦ãæã¿ã®è¨èªã§ã«ã¹ã¿"
"ãã¤ãºã§ãã¦ãã»ãã®ã«ã¹ã¿ãã¤ãºã¨åãããã«åä½ããã§ãããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use "
+#| "only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any "
+#| "given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+#| "applications — saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+#| "language into your application, not his language.” Then the users "
+#| "get no choices at all — whichever application they're using comes "
+#| "with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you "
+#| "have a powerful language that can implement others by translating into "
+#| "it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have "
+#| "a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our "
+#| "scheme interpreter, will do. We had a person working last summer "
+#| "finishing up a translator from Python to Scheme. I don't know if it's "
+#| "entirely finished yet, but for anyone interested in this project, please "
+#| "get in touch. So that's the plan we have for the future."
msgid ""
"As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use only "
"the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any given "
-"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of applications "
-"— saying “Please, application developer, put my language into "
-"your application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at "
-"all — whichever application they're using comes with one language and "
-"they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a powerful language "
-"that can implement others by translating into it, then you give the user a "
-"choice of language and we don't have to have a language war anymore. That's "
-"what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
+"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+"applications—saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+"language into your application, not his language.” Then the users get "
+"no choices at all—whichever application they're using comes with one "
+"language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a "
+"powerful language that can implement others by translating into it, then you "
+"give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have a language war "
+"anymore. That's what we're hoping Guile, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
"had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to "
"Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone "
"interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we have "
@@ -864,7 +1143,18 @@
"ãªãã®ã§ããããã®ããã¸ã§ã¯ãã«æå¿ãããæ¹ã¯ãã©ããé£çµ¡ãã
ããããããæª"
"æ¥ã®ããã«ããããã¡ãèãã¦ããè¨ç»ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you "
+#| "a little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to "
+#| "price; it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a "
+#| "copy, or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. "
+#| "The crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study "
+#| "what it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute "
+#| "the copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. "
+#| "This is what free software means. If you are using a non-free program, "
+#| "you have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgid ""
"I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a "
"little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price; it "
@@ -873,7 +1163,7 @@
"thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what it does, "
"free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the copies of "
"others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is what free "
-"software means. If you are using a non-free program, you have lost crucial "
+"software means. If you are using a nonfree program, you have lost crucial "
"freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgstr ""
"ã¾ã
ãèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã«ã¤ãã¦è©±ãã¦ãã¾ãããããããä½ãæå³ãããã«ã¤ãã¦"
@@ -886,12 +1176,22 @@
"ããããããèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãæå³ãããã¨ã§ããä¸èªç±ãªããã°ã©ã
ã使ãå ´"
"åãéè¦ãªèªç±ã失ãã¾ããã§ãããã決ãã¦ãããããªãã§ãã
ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
+#| "freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+#| "software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to "
+#| "reject the non-free software, when that means some practical "
+#| "inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you "
+#| "can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in "
+#| "practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier "
+#| "for you to live in freedom, to cooperate."
msgid ""
"The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
-"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, nonfree software by providing free "
"software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to reject "
-"the non-free software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
+"the nonfree software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
"less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in practical terms. The less "
"sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier for you to live in freedom, "
@@ -905,16 +1205,26 @@
"ã¨ã§ããããå°ãªãç
ç²ããããããã®ã§ããããªãæ¹ããèªç±ã¨ã¨ãã«æ®ããã®ã"
"容æã¨ããååã§ããããã«ãããã¨é¡ã£ã¦ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
+#| "freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
+#| "they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate "
+#| "with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free "
+#| "software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're "
+#| "not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help "
+#| "society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless "
+#| "is the state of users using non-free software."
msgid ""
"This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
"freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
"they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate with "
-"other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free software, "
+"other people as well as free to help yourself. With nonfree software, "
"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
"share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help society, anymore than "
"you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless is the state of users "
-"using non-free software."
+"using nonfree software."
msgstr ""
"ããã¯ååããèªç±ã®åé¡ã§ãããã¤ã¦ããããã¯èªç±ã¨ç¤¾ä¼ã¨ã®ååãããããå"
"ãããã®ã§ãããã®ããã«èãã¦ãã¾ããããããã§ã¯åãå´ã«ããã¾ããèªç±ã½ã"
@@ -925,21 +1235,37 @@
"ãããã©ãã©ã«ããå©ãããªãã®ããä¸èªç±ãªã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã使ãã¦ã¼ã¶ã®ç¶æ
ã§"
"ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what "
+#| "people said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free "
+#| "software. We have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther "
+#| "to go. So we need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the "
+#| "GNU project; help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at "
+#| "<a href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for "
+#| "how to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the "
+#| "home page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /"
+#| "philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /"
+#| "directory, which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of "
+#| "all the free software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. "
+#| "My book of essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on "
+#| "sale and can be purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</"
+#| "a>. Happy hacking!"
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
"said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We "
"have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we need "
"your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project; help us "
-"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/"
-"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you "
-"want to order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want "
-"to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking "
-"for free software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 "
-"packages now (which is a fraction of all the free software out there). "
-"Please write more and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free "
-"Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be purchased at <a href="
-"\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/help.html"
+"\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you want to "
+"order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want to read "
+"about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking for free "
+"software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 packages now "
+"(which is a fraction of all the free software out there). Please write more "
+"and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free Software and Free "
+"Society,” is on sale and can be purchased at www.gnu.org <a href="
+"\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
msgstr ""
"ããããã¡ã¯ãã¨ã¦ã¤ããªãåºç¯å²ã®èªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã製ä½ãã¦ãã¾ãããã§ãã£"
"ããªãã¨äººã
ãè¨ã£ããã¨ãããããã¡ã¯è¡ãã¾ãããèªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã®äºã¤ã®ãª"
@@ -956,7 +1282,11 @@
"ã¯å£²åºãä¸ã§ã<a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>ã§è³¼å
¥ã§ãã¾ãã"
"ã©ããã幸ç¦ãªãããã³ã°ã!"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "è注"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
"I began implementing Emacs (on top of TECO), but after one long joint "
@@ -970,7 +1300,7 @@
"ããã¾ãããã»ãã®äººã
ããç¹ã«ãã¦ã¸ã¼ã³ã»Cã»ãã§ãã«ã¬ãªã¨ãã¤ã¯ã»ãã¯ããã³"
"ããã®å¾ãéè¦ãªè²¢ç®ããã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Bernie Greenberg says that Dan Weinreb's implementation of Emacs for the "
"Lisp Machine came before Greenberg's implementation for Multics. I "
@@ -980,7 +1310,7 @@
"ãªã¼ã³ãã¼ã°ã®Multicsã®å®è£
ããåã«åºãã¨è¨ã£ã¦ãã¾ãããããã¯ããã®ééãã"
"è¬ãã¾ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt's plan, as I understood it, was to hire lab people part time, so "
"that they could continue working at the AI Lab. Symbolics hired them full "
@@ -991,13 +1321,20 @@
"ã§ã¯ãªããã©ãã®äººã
ããã«ã¿ã¤ã
ã§éãã¾ããããããã¯MITã§åããã¨ãæ¢ããã®"
"ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the "
+#| "talk, is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at "
+#| "Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp "
+#| "Machine system — even though the contract did not require this. "
+#| "Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
"is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at Symbolics "
-"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine system "
-"— even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan was "
-"to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
+"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine "
+"system—even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan "
+"was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgstr ""
"ãã®ãã©ã³ã®èæ¯ã«ã¯ãè¬æ¼ã§ã¯æ示çã«è¿°ã¹ã¾ããã§ããããå
AIã©ãã®ããã«ã¼"
"ã®åæã®æ®µéã§ã¯ãã·ã³ããªãã¯ã¹ãããã¯LMIã§ããMIT
Lisp ãã·ã³ã®ã·ã¹ãã "
@@ -1005,7 +1342,7 @@
"ãã£ãã«ãé¢ããã)ãã·ã³ããªãã¯ã¹ã®ãã©ã³ã¯ãã®ååãä¸æ¹çã«æ±ºè£ããããã®"
"ã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"It was not that I cared particularly about the fate of LMI, but rather I did "
"not want to let Symbolics gain through its aggression against the AI Lab."
@@ -1013,7 +1350,7 @@
"LMIã®éå½ã«ç¹ã«é¢å¿ããã£ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã¦ãããããã·ã³ããªãã¯ã¹ããAIã©ãã«å¯¾"
"ããä¾µç¥ãéãã¦å¾ãããã®ãæ¢ãããããã£ãã®ã§ãã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This statement has been misconstrued as saying that I never, ever looked at "
"Symbolics' code. Actually it says I did look, at first. The Symbolics "
@@ -1025,7 +1362,7 @@
"è¨ã£ã¦ãã¾ããã·ã³ããªãã¯ã¹ã®ã½ã¼ã¹ã³ã¼ãã¯MITã§å©ç¨å¯è½ã§ããããã¯èªãè³æ
¼"
"ãããã¾ãããããã¦ãæåã¯ããããã·ã³ããªãã¯ã¹ã®å¤æ´ãç¥ãæ¹æ³ã§ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
msgid ""
"But that meant I had to make a special effort to solve each problem "
"differently, in order to avoid copying Symbolics code. After a while, I "
@@ -1038,7 +1375,7 @@
"æ³ã§ãã·ã³ããªãã¯ã¹ã®ã³ã¼ãã§ã¯ã©ããªã£ã¦ãããã®æ¸å¿µãªããä¸çªè¯ãæ¹æ³ã§"
"ã³ã¼ããæ¸ããã¨ãã§ãã¾ããã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Symbolics at one point protested to MIT that my work, by thwarting their "
"plan, had cost Symbolics a million dollars."
@@ -1046,7 +1383,7 @@
"ã·ã³ããªãã¯ã¹ã¯ãããæç¹ã§MITã«ä¸»å¼µãã¾ããããããã®ä»äºã¯ããããã®è¨ç»ã"
"妨害ãããã¨ã«ãããã·ã³ããªã¯ã¹ã«ç¾ä¸ãã«ã®ã³ã¹ããããã£ããã¨ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I don't mind if a very complex and heavyweight function takes keyword "
"arguments. What bothers me is making simple basic functions such as “"
@@ -1056,6 +1393,21 @@
"“member”ã®ãããªåç´ãªåºæ¬é¢æ°ã§ãã¼ã¯ã¼ãå¼æ°ã使ãããã«ããã"
"ã¨ã§ãã"
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This essay is published in <a href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+#| "software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+#| "Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-"
+"edition\"> GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ãã®å°è«ã¯<a
href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";
+"\"><cite>èªç±ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ãèªç±ãªç¤¾ä¼:
ãªãã£ã¼ãã»Mã»ã¹ãã¼ã«ãã³å°è«é¸é</"
+"cite></a>ã«åé²ãããåºçããã¾ããã"
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -1081,25 +1433,28 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"æ£ç¢ºã§è¯ãå質ã®ç¿»è¨³ãæä¾ããããåªåãã¦ãã¾ãããä¸å®å
¨ãªå ´åããããã¨æ"
"ãã¾ãã翻訳ã«é¢ããã³ã¡ã³ãã¨ææ¡ã¯ã<a
href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.";
"org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>ã«ãããããã¾ãã</p><p>ããããã¡"
-"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨æåºã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
+"ã®ã¦ã§ããã¼ã¸ã®ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¿æ´ã¨è²¢ç®ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ã<a
href=\"/server/standards/"
"README.translations.html\">翻訳 README</a>ãã覧ãã ããã"
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1123,10 +1478,9 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æçµæ´æ°:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/rms-lisp.pot
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.pot,v
retrieving revision 1.21
retrieving revision 1.22
diff -u -b -r1.21 -r1.22
--- po/rms-lisp.pot 21 Sep 2020 18:59:13 -0000 1.21
+++ po/rms-lisp.pot 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.22
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: rms-lisp.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@@ -22,17 +22,17 @@
"Software Foundation"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -40,30 +40,30 @@
"something interesting."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data "
-"Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had "
-"something like 8k of memory — and I managed to write the interpreter "
-"in a thousand instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of "
+"Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. It was a very small machine—it had "
+"something like 8k of memory—and I managed to write the interpreter in "
+"a thousand instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of "
"data. That was before I got to see what real software was like, that did "
"real system jobs."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of "
"Technology\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not "
"by JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
-"come — he must have really regretted that day."
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
"those, but it certainly was the first editor like that."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
@@ -92,39 +92,40 @@
"made it what it was."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
"be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it "
"was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would "
-"loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally "
-"exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added "
-"facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like "
-"Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as their "
-"names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so they "
-"could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
-"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a "
+"href=\"#foot-1\">[1]</a> added facilities to have subroutines with "
+"names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could "
+"only have single letters as their names. That was hard to program big "
+"programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. Actually, "
+"there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its "
+"unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -133,41 +134,41 @@
"language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a "
-"href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, "
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a "
+"href=\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, "
"and he wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The "
"editor itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a "
-"great success — programming new editing commands was so convenient "
-"that even the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They "
-"used a manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but "
-"didn't say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they "
-"couldn't do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, "
-"discovered they could do useful things and they learned to program."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
-"useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend "
-"by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to "
-"learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are "
-"useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+"great success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that "
+"even the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used "
+"a manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+"say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
"on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
-"implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
-"— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
-"implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+"implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an "
+"interpreter—it was a full-fledged Lisp system—but people wanted "
+"to implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
"written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
-"couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+"couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp—it would be too slow, "
"especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed a "
"hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the lower "
"level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor were "
@@ -185,45 +186,45 @@
"particularly fast would be written at a lower level."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
-"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in "
+"C—manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
"windows."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
-"to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
-"that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the "
-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
-"people did cooperate."
+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -232,13 +233,13 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -247,30 +248,30 @@
"exposable and manipulable by the user's Lisp programs."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
-"sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
+"sense of the term—it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
-"basis for the free software movement — the experience I had, the life "
-"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on human knowledge, "
+"basis for the free software movement—the experience I had, the life "
+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
"disseminating human knowledge."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
"as other computers that weren't meant for Lisp, except that it would run "
@@ -282,11 +283,11 @@
"crashed at some point."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
-"other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> instruction "
-"would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get the "
+"other machines, but each instruction—a <code>car</code> instruction "
+"would do data typechecking—so when you tried to get the "
"<code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an "
"immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for "
"it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts "
@@ -294,19 +295,19 @@
"which meant they should start a company."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” "
"company. This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate "
"in a way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab "
-"culture <a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have "
-"any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
-"outside investment wouldn't work."
+"culture <a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, "
+"Greenblatt didn't have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp "
+"machine group said they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that "
+"his plan to avoid outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
@@ -314,7 +315,7 @@
"the manager."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
@@ -324,7 +325,7 @@
"couldn't possibly work."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt then recruited Russell Noftsker, the man who had hired me, who "
"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
@@ -336,7 +337,7 @@
"not have scruples, and do everything possible to win."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
"start Lisp Machines Inc. anyway and go ahead with their plans. And what do "
@@ -349,7 +350,7 @@
"ways to destroy it."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
"lab. The abandonment happened when Symbolics hired away all the hackers, "
@@ -364,16 +365,16 @@
"that the AI lab's hacker group would be wiped out, but it was."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said to "
-"the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system available "
-"for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>. They "
+"said to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+"available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
"system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
"and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This, in effect, meant that they demanded that we had to choose a side, and "
"use either the MIT version of the system or the Symbolics version. "
@@ -385,37 +386,38 @@
"continue to exist. So we were not allowed to be neutral anymore."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although it "
"made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
"software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
-"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I "
"began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
"machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the "
"code was my own)."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that it "
-"would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta "
-"announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were "
-"and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
+"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>, I came to the conclusion "
+"that it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+"beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features "
+"were and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did "
+"too."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend "
"years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured "
"they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with "
-"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a "
-"href=\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a "
+"href=\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
"community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Lisp community in the 70s was not limited to the MIT AI Lab, and the "
"hackers were not all at MIT. The war that Symbolics started was what wiped "
@@ -424,14 +426,14 @@
"wasn't much left."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I "
-"had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only way "
-"that people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
+"had to make a free operating system, that was clear—the only way that "
+"people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
"wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp machine "
@@ -440,13 +442,13 @@
"still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you would be reduced to "
"something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. The programs would be "
"faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're running one program on a "
-"timesharing system — if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
+"timesharing system—if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
"that's something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it "
"good for writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a "
"system like the Lisp machine."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I decided instead to make a Unix-like operating system that would have Lisp "
"implementations to run as user programs. The kernel wouldn't be written in "
@@ -456,37 +458,37 @@
"of the programs was a tremendous concern."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There were people in those days, in 1985, who had one-megabyte machines "
"without virtual memory. They wanted to be able to use GNU Emacs. This meant "
"I had to keep the program as small as possible."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
-"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was "
-"‘while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break "
-"out of the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a "
-"throw, or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was "
-"pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
-"‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything possible” "
-"was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
+"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was <code>while</code>, "
+"which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of the "
+"<code>while</code> statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, or "
+"test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to keep "
+"things small. We didn't have <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so "
+"on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU "
+"Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. We "
-"put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we might put "
+"put in <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so on, and we might put "
"in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it "
"some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I "
"implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that happy "
-"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
-"href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
+"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
+"href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
"sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"That was not the end of the GNU projects involved with Lisp. Later on around "
"1995, we were looking into starting a graphical desktop project. It was "
@@ -495,7 +497,7 @@
"question was what it should be."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, <abbr title=\"Tool Command Language\">TCL</abbr> was being "
"pushed heavily for this purpose. I had a very low opinion of TCL, basically "
@@ -511,7 +513,7 @@
"package for all GNU programs."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There's an interesting benefit you can get from using such a powerful "
"language as a version of Lisp as your primary extensibility language. You "
@@ -526,25 +528,25 @@
"customizations as well."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use only "
"the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any given "
-"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of applications "
-"— saying “Please, application developer, put my language into "
-"your application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at "
-"all — whichever application they're using comes with one language and "
-"they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a powerful language "
-"that can implement others by translating into it, then you give the user a "
-"choice of language and we don't have to have a language war anymore. That's "
-"what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
+"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+"applications—saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+"language into your application, not his language.” Then the users get "
+"no choices at all—whichever application they're using comes with one "
+"language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a "
+"powerful language that can implement others by translating into it, then you "
+"give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have a language war "
+"anymore. That's what we're hoping Guile, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
"had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to "
"Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone "
"interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we have "
"for the future."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a "
"little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price; it "
@@ -553,52 +555,56 @@
"thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what it does, "
"free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the copies of "
"others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is what free "
-"software means. If you are using a non-free program, you have lost crucial "
+"software means. If you are using a nonfree program, you have lost crucial "
"freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
-"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, nonfree software by providing free "
"software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to reject "
-"the non-free software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
+"the nonfree software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
"less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in practical terms. The less "
"sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier for you to live in freedom, "
"to cooperate."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
"freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
"they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate with "
-"other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free software, "
+"other people as well as free to help yourself. With nonfree software, "
"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
"share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help society, anymore than "
"you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless is the state of users "
-"using non-free software."
+"using nonfree software."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
"said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We "
"have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we need "
"your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project; help us "
"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a "
-"href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to "
+"href=\"/help/help.html\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to "
"help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the home "
"page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in "
"/philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /directory, "
"which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of all the free "
"software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. My book of "
-"essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be "
-"purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"essays, “Free Software and Free Society,” is on sale and can be "
+"purchased at www.gnu.org <a href=\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
"I began implementing Emacs (on top of TECO), but after one long joint "
@@ -607,36 +613,36 @@
"contributed substantially later on."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Bernie Greenberg says that Dan Weinreb's implementation of Emacs for the "
"Lisp Machine came before Greenberg's implementation for Multics. I "
"apologize for the mistake."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt's plan, as I understood it, was to hire lab people part time, so "
"that they could continue working at the AI Lab. Symbolics hired them full "
"time instead, so they stopped working at MIT."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
"is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at Symbolics "
-"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine system "
-"— even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan was "
-"to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
+"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine "
+"system—even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan "
+"was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"It was not that I cared particularly about the fate of LMI, but rather I did "
"not want to let Symbolics gain through its aggression against the AI Lab."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This statement has been misconstrued as saying that I never, ever looked at "
"Symbolics' code. Actually it says I did look, at first. The Symbolics "
@@ -644,7 +650,7 @@
"first that's how I found out about their changes."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
msgid ""
"But that meant I had to make a special effort to solve each problem "
"differently, in order to avoid copying Symbolics code. After a while, I "
@@ -652,19 +658,26 @@
"whatever way was best, without concern for what might be in Symbolics' code."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Symbolics at one point protested to MIT that my work, by thwarting their "
"plan, had cost Symbolics a million dollars."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I don't mind if a very complex and heavyweight function takes keyword "
"arguments. What bothers me is making simple basic functions such as "
"“member” use them."
msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a "
+"href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-edition\";>
"
+"GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -689,7 +702,7 @@
#
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
#
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
@@ -697,11 +710,12 @@
msgid ""
"Please see the <a "
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
-"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+"for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this "
+"article."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation,
Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
Index: po/rms-lisp.pt-br.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.pt-br.po,v
retrieving revision 1.20
retrieving revision 1.21
diff -u -b -r1.20 -r1.21
--- po/rms-lisp.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:42 -0000 1.20
+++ po/rms-lisp.pt-br.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.21
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: rms-lisp.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-07-25 16:32-0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Rafael Fontenelle <rafaelff@gnome.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Brazilian Portuguese <www-pt-br-general@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Virtaal 1.0.0-beta1\n"
@@ -26,19 +27,23 @@
"Minhas experiências com Lisp e o desenvolvimento do GNU Emacs - Projeto GNU "
"- Free Software Foundation"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr "Minhas experiências com Lisp e o desenvolvimento do GNU Emacs"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the "
+#| "International Lisp Conference)."
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr ""
"(Tradução da transcrição do discurso de Richard Stallman, 28 de outubro
de "
"2002, na International Lisp Conference)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -50,17 +55,29 @@
"fiz coisas suficientes em minha carreira conectadas com Lisp, eu deveria "
"poder dizer algo interessante."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
+#| "school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
+#| "computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
+#| "with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
+#| "interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</"
+#| "abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of "
+#| "memory — and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand "
+#| "instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was "
+#| "before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system "
+#| "jobs."
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. "
-"It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of memory "
-"— and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. "
-"This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to "
-"see what real software was like, that did real system jobs."
+"It was a very small machine—it had something like 8k of memory—"
+"and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. This gave "
+"me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to see what "
+"real software was like, that did real system jobs."
msgstr ""
"Minha primeira experiência com Lisp foi quando li o manual do Lisp 1.5 no "
"ensino médio. Foi quando tive a impressão de que poderia haver uma
linguagem "
@@ -72,13 +89,20 @@
"me deu algum espaço para um pouco de dados. Isso foi antes de eu ver como "
"era o software real, que funcionava no sistema real."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
+#| "started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
+#| "\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by "
+#| "JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+#| "come — he must have really regretted that day."
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
"\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by JonL, "
-"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to come "
-"— he must have really regretted that day."
+"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
"Comecei a trabalhar em uma implementação real do Lisp com JonL White quando
"
"comecei a trabalhar no <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
@@ -87,7 +111,7 @@
"JonL, mas por Russ Noftsker, o que foi muito irônico considerando o que "
"estava por vir – ele deve ter realmente se arrependido daquele dia."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -114,7 +138,7 @@
"poderia programá-lo enquanto você o estivesse usando. Não sei se foi o "
"primeiro deles, mas certamente foi o primeiro editor assim."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
@@ -138,19 +162,32 @@
"talvez uma conexão inconsciente. Eu acho que é a natureza do jeito que "
"vivemos no AI Lab que levou ao Emacs e fez dele o que se tornou."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
+#| "non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+#| "wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
+#| "title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, "
+#| "and was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
+#| "be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "it was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands "
+#| "like ‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘"
+#| "i’ and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You "
+#| "would type a string that was a series of commands, which was called a "
+#| "command string. You would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. "
"The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was "
"designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
"O Emacs original não tinha Lisp nele. A linguagem de baixo nÃvel, a "
"linguagem ṇo interpretada Рera o Assembler de PDP-10. O "
@@ -165,18 +202,31 @@
"série de comandos, que era chamada de string de comando. Você terminaria
com "
"ESC ESC, e o comando seria executado."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, "
+#| "so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping "
+#| "construct, which was < >. You would put those around things and it "
+#| "would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+#| "conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</"
+#| "a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+#| "sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+#| "their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code "
+#| "so they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather "
+#| "sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect "
+#| "facility from TECO."
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would loop. "
-"There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally exit "
-"the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added facilities to "
-"have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the "
-"subroutines could only have single letters as their names. That was hard to "
-"program big programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. "
-"Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp "
-"got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">[1]"
+"</a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+"sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+"their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so "
+"they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
+"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
"Bem, as pessoas queriam estender essa linguagem com recursos de
programação, "
"então elas adicionaram alguns. Por exemplo, um dos primeiros foi uma "
@@ -191,10 +241,20 @@
"bastante sofisticadas; eu acho que o Lisp obteve seu mecanismo de <i>unwind-"
"protect</i> do TECO."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the "
+#| "ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were "
+#| "able to write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a "
+#| "language like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "was the wrong way to go. The language that you build your extensions on "
+#| "shouldn't be thought of as a programming language in afterthought; it "
+#| "should be designed as a programming language. In fact, we discovered that "
+#| "the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -212,18 +272,30 @@
"programação. De fato, descobrimos que a melhor linguagem de programação
para "
"esse propósito era Lisp."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
-"a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his "
-"commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was "
-"written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success — "
-"programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the secretaries "
-"in his office started learning how to use it. They used a manual someone had "
-"written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say it was a "
-"programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do programming, "
-"weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could do useful "
-"things and they learned to program."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">"
+#| "(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote "
+#| "his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself "
+#| "was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success "
+#| "— programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the "
+#| "secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+#| "manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+#| "say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't "
+#| "do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they "
+#| "could do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgid ""
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href="
+"\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he "
+"wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor "
+"itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great "
+"success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that even "
+"the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+"manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say "
+"it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
msgstr ""
"Foi Bernie Greenberg, que descobriu que ela era <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>. "
"Ele escreveu uma versão do Emacs no Multics MacLisp e escreveu seus comandos
"
@@ -236,16 +308,27 @@
"programar, não ficaram assustados. Eles leram o manual, descobriram que "
"podiam fazer coisas úteis e aprenderam a programar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
-"useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend "
-"by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to "
-"learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are "
-"useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
+#| "useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could "
+#| "extend by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for "
+#| "people to learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small "
+#| "programs that are useful for them, which in most arenas you can't "
+#| "possibly do. They can get encouragement for their own practical use "
+#| "— at the stage where it's the hardest — where they don't "
+#| "believe they can program, until they get to the point where they are "
+#| "programmers."
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
"Enṭo Bernie percebeu que um aplicativo Рum programa que faz algo "
"̼til para voc̻ Рque tem Lisp dentro dele e que voc̻ poderia
estender "
@@ -256,30 +339,55 @@
"que é o mais difÃcil – onde eles não acreditam que podem programar, "
"até chegarem ao ponto em que são programadores."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like "
+#| "this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
+#| "implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
+#| "— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
+#| "implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+#| "written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
+#| "couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+#| "especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed "
+#| "a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the "
+#| "lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor "
+#| "were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we "
+#| "had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously "
+#| "practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high "
+#| "level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them "
+#| "into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a "
+#| "paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph, "
+#| "because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at "
+#| "the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+#| "writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by "
+#| "putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
+#| "the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, "
+#| "but certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be "
+#| "written at a lower level."
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
"on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp implementation. "
-"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter — it was a "
-"full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to implement something "
-"like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp "
-"compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the "
-"whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if "
-"it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The "
-"idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor "
-"together, so that parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those "
-"would be whatever parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique "
-"that we had already consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because "
-"there were certain fairly high level features which we re-implemented in "
-"machine language, making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was "
-"a TECO primitive to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of "
-"filling a paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the "
-"job would be done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the "
-"whole job by writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized "
-"it by putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
-"the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but "
-"certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a "
-"lower level."
+"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter—it was a full-"
+"fledged Lisp system—but people wanted to implement something like that "
+"on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp compiler. Well, "
+"if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the whole editor in "
+"Lisp—it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run "
+"interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write "
+"a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor together, so that "
+"parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever "
+"parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already "
+"consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain "
+"fairly high level features which we re-implemented in machine language, "
+"making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive "
+"to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a "
+"paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be "
+"done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+"writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting "
+"part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid "
+"technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain "
+"parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower "
+"level."
msgstr ""
"Nesse ponto, as pessoas começaram a se perguntar como poderiam obter algo "
"assim em uma plataforma em que não tivessem a implementação de Lisp de "
@@ -306,16 +414,25 @@
"tinham que rodar particularmente rápido seriam escritas em um nÃvel mais "
"baixo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
+#| "same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
+#| "anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs "
+#| "to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but "
+#| "I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
+#| "— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+#| "writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
+#| "windows."
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
-"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
-"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
-"windows."
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C—"
+"manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and writing "
+"files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor windows."
msgstr ""
"Portanto, quando escrevi minha segunda implementação do Emacs, segui o
mesmo "
"tipo de design. A linguagem de baixo nÃvel não era mais linguagem de "
@@ -326,20 +443,34 @@
"inicial, leitura e gravação de arquivos, exibição do buffer novamente na "
"tela, gerenciamento de janelas do editor."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. "
+#| "The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
+#| "strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
+#| "influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
+#| "Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone "
+#| "wanted to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
+#| "which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
+#| "that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with "
+#| "the rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” "
+#| "so we could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as "
+#| "I know people did cooperate."
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
-"to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
-"that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the "
-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
-"people did cooperate."
+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
"Agora, este não foi o primeiro Emacs que foi escrito em C e rodou no Unix. O
"
"primeiro foi escrito por James Gosling e foi referido como GosMacs. Uma "
@@ -355,12 +486,20 @@
"para que todos pudéssemos nos beneficiar. Ninguém nunca tentou impor isso, "
"mas até onde eu sei, as pessoas cooperaram."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
+#| "manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the "
+#| "community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the "
+#| "right approach to take towards a community — to ask them to join in "
+#| "and make the program better. But after that he seemed to change the "
+#| "spirit, and sold it to a company."
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
@@ -371,7 +510,20 @@
"programa. Mas depois disso ele pareceu mudar o espÃrito e vendeu o programa "
"o vendeu para uma empresa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
+#| "operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
+#| "There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however, "
+#| "have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling "
+#| "had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
+#| "proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
+#| "Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was "
+#| "known as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but "
+#| "didn't have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and "
+#| "vital elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, "
+#| "numbers and a few other specialized things."
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -380,7 +532,7 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
@@ -398,7 +550,7 @@
"estavam faltando. Suas estruturas de dados eram sequências de caracteres, "
"números e algumas outras coisas especializadas."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -412,13 +564,21 @@
"dados <em>ad hoc</em>, tornando as estruturas de dados internas do editor "
"expostas e manipuláveis pelos programas Lisp do usuário."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of "
+#| "an alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and "
+#| "things would go on with very special data structures that were not safe "
+#| "for garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run "
+#| "any Lisp programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now "
+#| "possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
"A única exceção foi a reexibição. Durante muito tempo, a reexibição
era uma "
@@ -429,15 +589,26 @@
"desde então – agora é possÃvel executar o código Lisp durante a "
"reexibição. à uma coisa bastante conveniente."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
+#| "sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign "
+#| "to make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody "
+#| "should be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working "
+#| "together on software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. "
+#| "That is the basis for the free software movement — the experience I "
+#| "had, the life that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on "
+#| "human knowledge, and not be standing in the way of anybody's further "
+#| "using and further disseminating human knowledge."
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
-"sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
+"sense of the term—it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
-"basis for the free software movement — the experience I had, the life "
-"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on human knowledge, "
+"basis for the free software movement—the experience I had, the life "
+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
"disseminating human knowledge."
msgstr ""
@@ -451,7 +622,7 @@
"estar no caminho impedindo as pessoas de usar e disseminar ainda mais o "
"conhecimento humano."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
"as other computers that weren't meant for Lisp, except that it would run "
@@ -472,11 +643,21 @@
"um número, ele obtinha resultados absurdos e eventualmente falhava em algum "
"ponto."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
+#| "other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> "
+#| "instruction would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get "
+#| "the <code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you "
+#| "an immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system "
+#| "for it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being "
+#| "parts written in the microcode. People became interested in manufacturing "
+#| "them, which meant they should start a company."
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
-"other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> instruction "
-"would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
+"other machines, but each instruction—a <code>car</code> instruction "
+"would do data typechecking—so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
"code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate "
"error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was "
"written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in "
@@ -493,15 +674,25 @@
"interessadas em fabricá-las, o que significava que deveriam abrir uma "
"empresa."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
+#| "Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
+#| "This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a "
+#| "way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+#| "<a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
+#| "business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
+#| "doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+#| "outside investment wouldn't work."
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
"This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way "
-"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture <a "
-"href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
-"business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't "
+"have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said "
+"they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
"outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
"Havia duas ideias diferentes sobre como essa empresa deveria ser. Greenblatt "
@@ -513,7 +704,7 @@
"que ele pudesse ter sucesso. Eles pensaram que seu plano para evitar "
"investimentos externos não funcionaria."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
@@ -525,7 +716,7 @@
"tenha nenhum escrúpulo. E, eventualmente, se você tiver algum escrúpulo, "
"eles também o substituirão como administrador."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
@@ -541,7 +732,7 @@
"de máquinas, e assim por diante. As outras pessoas do grupo acharam que isso
"
"possivelmente não funcionaria."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt then recruited Russell Noftsker, the man who had hired me, who "
"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
@@ -562,7 +753,7 @@
"obteriam investimento externo, não teriam escrúpulos e fariam todo o "
"possÃvel para vencer."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
"start Lisp Machines Inc. anyway and go ahead with their plans. And what do "
@@ -584,7 +775,7 @@
"concorrentes de máquinas Lisp. Quando a Symbolics viu que a LMI não ia cair
"
"de cara no chão, eles começaram a procurar maneiras de destruÃ-la."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
"lab. The abandonment happened when Symbolics hired away all the hackers, "
@@ -611,13 +802,20 @@
"que ambas as empresas tinham licenciado. Ninguém previra que o grupo de "
"hackers do AI Lab seria aniquilado, mas foi."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said to "
-"the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system available "
-"for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. "
-"Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you "
-"can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said "
+#| "to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+#| "available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+#| "system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+#| "and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+msgid ""
+"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>. They "
+"said to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+"available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+"system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+"and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
msgstr ""
"Então, a Symbolics criou um plano <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. Eles disseram
"
"para o laboratório, âContinuaremos a disponibilizar nossas alterações no
"
@@ -625,7 +823,7 @@
"Lisp do MIT. Em vez disso, daremos acesso ao sistema de máquina Lisp da "
"Symbolics e você poderá executá-lo, mas isso é tudo que você pode
fazer.â"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This, in effect, meant that they demanded that we had to choose a side, and "
"use either the MIT version of the system or the Symbolics version. "
@@ -645,12 +843,21 @@
"Symbolics viu que estarÃamos apoiando a LMI porque estarÃamos ajudando-a a "
"continuar existindo. Então não nos permitiram mais ser neutros."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although "
+#| "it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
+#| "software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
+#| "help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+#| "began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
+#| "machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., "
+#| "the code was my own)."
msgid ""
"Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although it "
"made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
"software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
-"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I "
"began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
"machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the "
"code was my own)."
@@ -663,12 +870,19 @@
"melhorias que a Symbolics tinha feito no sistema de máquinas Lisp. Escrevi "
"as melhorias equivalentes novamente (ou seja, o código era meu)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that it "
-"would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta "
-"announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were "
-"and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that "
+#| "it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+#| "beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the "
+#| "features were and then implement them. By the time they had a real "
+#| "release, I did too."
+msgid ""
+"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>, I came to the conclusion "
+"that it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+"beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features "
+"were and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
msgstr ""
"Após algum tempo <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, cheguei à conclusão de que "
"seria melhor se eu nem olhasse para o código deles. Quando eles fizeram um "
@@ -676,15 +890,24 @@
"os recursos e depois os implementaria. No momento em que eles tinham um "
"lançamento real, eu também lançava."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp "
+#| "Machines Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want "
+#| "to spend years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. "
+#| "I figured they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were "
+#| "stuck with competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+#| "\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+#| "community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgid ""
"In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend "
"years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured "
"they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with "
-"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href=\"#foot-7\">"
-"(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new community to replace "
-"the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
+"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+"\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+"community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgstr ""
"Desta forma, por dois anos, eu os impedi de eliminar a Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, e as duas empresas sobreviveram. Mas eu não queria passar anos
"
@@ -694,7 +917,7 @@
"hora de começar a construir uma nova comunidade para substituir aquela que "
"as ações da Symbolics e outros haviam eliminado."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Lisp community in the 70s was not limited to the MIT AI Lab, and the "
"hackers were not all at MIT. The war that Symbolics started was what wiped "
@@ -708,18 +931,38 @@
"desistindo da cooperação, e juntos eles acabaram com a comunidade e não "
"sobrou muito."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. "
+#| "I had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only "
+#| "way that people could work together and share was with a free operating "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I "
-"had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only way "
-"that people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
+"had to make a free operating system, that was clear—the only way that "
+"people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
msgstr ""
"Quando parei de punir a Symbolics, tive que descobrir o que fazer em "
"seguida. Eu tinha que fazer um sistema operacional livre, isso estava claro "
"Рa ̼nica maneira que as pessoas poderiam trabalhar juntas e "
"compartilhar era com um sistema operacional livre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
+#| "wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp "
+#| "machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it "
+#| "possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their "
+#| "programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you "
+#| "would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. "
+#| "The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're "
+#| "running one program on a timesharing system — if one program "
+#| "crashes, that's not a disaster, that's something your program "
+#| "occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for writing the operating "
+#| "system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system like the Lisp "
+#| "machine."
msgid ""
"At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
"wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp machine "
@@ -728,7 +971,7 @@
"still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you would be reduced to "
"something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. The programs would be "
"faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're running one program on a "
-"timesharing system — if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
+"timesharing system—if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
"that's something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it "
"good for writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a "
"system like the Lisp machine."
@@ -745,7 +988,7 @@
"ocasionalmente faz. Mas isso não era bom em setratando de um sistema "
"operacional, então rejeitei a ideia de fazer um sistema como o da Lisp."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I decided instead to make a Unix-like operating system that would have Lisp "
"implementations to run as user programs. The kernel wouldn't be written in "
@@ -762,7 +1005,7 @@
"implementação mÃnima possÃvel do Lisp. O tamanho dos programas foi uma "
"tremenda preocupação."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There were people in those days, in 1985, who had one-megabyte machines "
"without virtual memory. They wanted to be able to use GNU Emacs. This meant "
@@ -772,15 +1015,25 @@
"memória virtual. Eles queriam poder usar o GNU Emacs. Isso significava que "
"eu tinha que manter o programa o menor possÃvel."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
-"while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of "
-"the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, "
-"or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to "
-"keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ "
-"and so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of "
-"GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
+#| "while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out "
+#| "of the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a "
+#| "throw, or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was "
+#| "pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
+#| "‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything "
+#| "possible” was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, "
+#| "from the beginning."
+msgid ""
+"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was <code>while</code>, "
+"which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of the "
+"<code>while</code> statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, or "
+"test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to keep "
+"things small. We didn't have <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so "
+"on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU "
+"Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
msgstr ""
"Por exemplo, naquele momento a única construção em <em>loop</em> era o "
"<i>while</i>, o que era extremamente simples. Não havia maneira de sair da "
@@ -790,15 +1043,25 @@
"âcadrâ e assim por diante; âespremer tudo o que for possÃvelâ era o
espÃrito "
"do GNU Emacs, o espÃrito do Emacs Lisp, desde o começo."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. "
+#| "We put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we "
+#| "might put in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing "
+#| "to extend it some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of "
+#| "common Lisp. I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm "
+#| "not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is "
+#| "keyword arguments <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite "
+#| "Lispy to me; I'll do it sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgid ""
"Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. We "
-"put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we might put "
+"put in <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so on, and we might put "
"in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it "
"some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I "
"implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that happy "
-"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a href="
-"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
+"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
+"href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
"sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgstr ""
"Obviamente, as máquinas são maiores agora, e nós não fazemos mais isso.
Nós "
@@ -810,7 +1073,7 @@
"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. Eles não se parecem muito com algo do Lisp para mim;
Ãs "
"vezes faço isso, mas minimizo as vezes em que faço isso."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"That was not the end of the GNU projects involved with Lisp. Later on around "
"1995, we were looking into starting a graphical desktop project. It was "
@@ -824,7 +1087,7 @@
"que uma linguagem de programação escrevesse muito nela para torná-la "
"facilmente extensÃvel, como o editor. A questão era o que deveria ser."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, <abbr title=\"Tool Command Language\">TCL</abbr> was being "
"pushed heavily for this purpose. I had a very low opinion of TCL, basically "
@@ -852,7 +1115,7 @@
"aplicativos. RecomendarÃamos então que ela fosse o pacote de
extensibilidade "
"preferido para todos os programas GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There's an interesting benefit you can get from using such a powerful "
"language as a version of Lisp as your primary extensibility language. You "
@@ -878,18 +1141,34 @@
"carregá-lo em qualquer aplicativo e personalizá-lo em seu idioma favorito e
"
"também funcionaria com outras personalizações."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use "
+#| "only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any "
+#| "given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+#| "applications — saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+#| "language into your application, not his language.” Then the users "
+#| "get no choices at all — whichever application they're using comes "
+#| "with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you "
+#| "have a powerful language that can implement others by translating into "
+#| "it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have "
+#| "a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our "
+#| "scheme interpreter, will do. We had a person working last summer "
+#| "finishing up a translator from Python to Scheme. I don't know if it's "
+#| "entirely finished yet, but for anyone interested in this project, please "
+#| "get in touch. So that's the plan we have for the future."
msgid ""
"As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use only "
"the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any given "
-"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of applications "
-"— saying “Please, application developer, put my language into "
-"your application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at "
-"all — whichever application they're using comes with one language and "
-"they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a powerful language "
-"that can implement others by translating into it, then you give the user a "
-"choice of language and we don't have to have a language war anymore. That's "
-"what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
+"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+"applications—saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+"language into your application, not his language.” Then the users get "
+"no choices at all—whichever application they're using comes with one "
+"language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a "
+"powerful language that can implement others by translating into it, then you "
+"give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have a language war "
+"anymore. That's what we're hoping Guile, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
"had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to "
"Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone "
"interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we have "
@@ -911,7 +1190,18 @@
"interessada neste projeto, por favor entre em contato. Então esse é o plano
"
"que temos para o futuro."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you "
+#| "a little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to "
+#| "price; it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a "
+#| "copy, or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. "
+#| "The crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study "
+#| "what it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute "
+#| "the copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. "
+#| "This is what free software means. If you are using a non-free program, "
+#| "you have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgid ""
"I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a "
"little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price; it "
@@ -920,7 +1210,7 @@
"thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what it does, "
"free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the copies of "
"others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is what free "
-"software means. If you are using a non-free program, you have lost crucial "
+"software means. If you are using a nonfree program, you have lost crucial "
"freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgstr ""
"Eu não tenho falado sobre software livre, mas deixe-me contar um pouco sobre
"
@@ -934,12 +1224,22 @@
"estiver usando um programa não livre, você perdeu a liberdade crucial,
então "
"nunca faça isso."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
+#| "freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+#| "software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to "
+#| "reject the non-free software, when that means some practical "
+#| "inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you "
+#| "can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in "
+#| "practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier "
+#| "for you to live in freedom, to cooperate."
msgid ""
"The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
-"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, nonfree software by providing free "
"software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to reject "
-"the non-free software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
+"the nonfree software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
"less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in practical terms. The less "
"sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier for you to live in freedom, "
@@ -954,16 +1254,26 @@
"confusão e menos sacrifÃcio em termos práticos. Quanto menos sacrifÃcio, "
"melhor. Queremos que seja mais fácil viver em liberdade, cooperar."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
+#| "freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
+#| "they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate "
+#| "with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free "
+#| "software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're "
+#| "not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help "
+#| "society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless "
+#| "is the state of users using non-free software."
msgid ""
"This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
"freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
"they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate with "
-"other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free software, "
+"other people as well as free to help yourself. With nonfree software, "
"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
"share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help society, anymore than "
"you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless is the state of users "
-"using non-free software."
+"using nonfree software."
msgstr ""
"Cooperação é uma questão de liberdade. Estamos acostumados a pensar que "
"liberdade e cooperação na sociedade são coisas opostas. Mas elas estão do
"
@@ -974,21 +1284,37 @@
"ajudar a sociedade, para ajudar a si mesmo. Divididos e desamparados são os "
"estados dos usuários que usam software não-livre."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what "
+#| "people said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free "
+#| "software. We have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther "
+#| "to go. So we need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the "
+#| "GNU project; help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at "
+#| "<a href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for "
+#| "how to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the "
+#| "home page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /"
+#| "philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /"
+#| "directory, which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of "
+#| "all the free software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. "
+#| "My book of essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on "
+#| "sale and can be purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</"
+#| "a>. Happy hacking!"
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
"said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We "
"have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we need "
"your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project; help us "
-"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/"
-"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you "
-"want to order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want "
-"to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking "
-"for free software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 "
-"packages now (which is a fraction of all the free software out there). "
-"Please write more and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free "
-"Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be purchased at <a href="
-"\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/help.html"
+"\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you want to "
+"order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want to read "
+"about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking for free "
+"software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 packages now "
+"(which is a fraction of all the free software out there). Please write more "
+"and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free Software and Free "
+"Society,” is on sale and can be purchased at www.gnu.org <a href="
+"\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
msgstr ""
"Nós produzimos uma tremenda variedade de software livre. Fizemos o que as "
"pessoas disseram que nunca poderÃamos fazer; temos dois sistemas "
@@ -1005,7 +1331,13 @@
"ensaios, âFree Software and Free Societyâ, está à venda e pode ser
adquirido "
"em <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. <i>Happy hacking</i>!"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnotes"
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "Notas de rodapé"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
"I began implementing Emacs (on top of TECO), but after one long joint "
@@ -1019,7 +1351,7 @@
"então terminei o Emacs. Outros, particularmente incluindo Eugene C. "
"Cicciarelli e Mike McMahon contribuÃram substancialmente mais tarde."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Bernie Greenberg says that Dan Weinreb's implementation of Emacs for the "
"Lisp Machine came before Greenberg's implementation for Multics. I "
@@ -1029,7 +1361,7 @@
"Máquina Lisp <i>(Lisp Machine)</i> veio antes da implementação de
Greenberg "
"para o Multics. Peço desculpas pelo erro."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt's plan, as I understood it, was to hire lab people part time, so "
"that they could continue working at the AI Lab. Symbolics hired them full "
@@ -1040,13 +1372,20 @@
"AI Lab. A Symbolics os contratou em tempo integral, então pararam de "
"trabalhar no MIT."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the "
+#| "talk, is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at "
+#| "Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp "
+#| "Machine system — even though the contract did not require this. "
+#| "Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
"is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at Symbolics "
-"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine system "
-"— even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan was "
-"to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
+"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine "
+"system—even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan "
+"was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgstr ""
"O cenário por trás desse plano, que não mencionei explicitamente na "
"palestra, é que durante um perÃodo inicial os ex-hackers da AI Lab, seja na
"
@@ -1054,7 +1393,7 @@
"da Máquina Lisp do MIT – mesmo que o contrato não exigisse isso. O "
"plano da Symbolics era romper essa cooperação unilateralmente."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"It was not that I cared particularly about the fate of LMI, but rather I did "
"not want to let Symbolics gain through its aggression against the AI Lab."
@@ -1062,7 +1401,7 @@
"Não era que eu me importasse particularmente com o destino da LMI, mas eu "
"não queria deixar a Symbolics ganhar através de sua agressão contra o AI
Lab."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This statement has been misconstrued as saying that I never, ever looked at "
"Symbolics' code. Actually it says I did look, at first. The Symbolics "
@@ -1074,7 +1413,7 @@
"da Symbolics estava disponÃvel no MIT, onde eu tinha o direito de lê-lo e,
a "
"princÃpio, foi assim que descobri suas mudanças."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
msgid ""
"But that meant I had to make a special effort to solve each problem "
"differently, in order to avoid copying Symbolics code. After a while, I "
@@ -1087,7 +1426,7 @@
"forma, eu poderia escrever o código da maneira que fosse melhor, sem me "
"preocupar com o que poderia estar no código da Symbolics."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Symbolics at one point protested to MIT that my work, by thwarting their "
"plan, had cost Symbolics a million dollars."
@@ -1095,7 +1434,7 @@
"A Symbolics, em certa altura, protestou ao MIT que meu trabalho, frustrando "
"o plano deles, havia custado à Symbolics um milhão de dólares."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I don't mind if a very complex and heavyweight function takes keyword "
"arguments. What bothers me is making simple basic functions such as “"
@@ -1105,6 +1444,21 @@
"palavras-chave. O que me incomoda é fazer funções básicas simples, como "
"âmemberâ usá-los."
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This essay is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+#| "software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+#| "Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-"
+"edition\"> GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"Este ensaio foi publicado em <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+"software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+"Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -1131,14 +1485,14 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"A equipe de traduções para o português brasileiro se esforça para
oferecer "
@@ -1146,12 +1500,15 @@
"favor, envie seus comentários e sugestões em geral sobre as traduções
para "
"<a href=\"mailto:web-translators@gnu.org\";><web-translators@gnu.org></"
"a>. </p><p>Consulte o <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e o "
-"envio de traduções das páginas deste site."
+"\">Guia para as traduções</a> para mais informações sobre a coordenação
e a "
+"contribuição com traduções das páginas deste site."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1180,10 +1537,9 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ãltima atualização:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/rms-lisp.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.ru.po,v
retrieving revision 1.23
retrieving revision 1.24
diff -u -b -r1.23 -r1.24
--- po/rms-lisp.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:43 -0000 1.23
+++ po/rms-lisp.ru.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.24
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: rms-lisp.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-09-21 17:34+0000\n"
"Last-Translator: Ineiev <ineiev@gnu.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Russian <www-ru-list@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
@@ -24,19 +25,25 @@
"Ðой опÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ Ñ ÐиÑпом и ÑазвиÑие GNU Emacs -
ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд Ñвободного "
"пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr "Ðой опÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ Ñ ÐиÑпом и ÑазвиÑие GNU
Emacs"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# | [-(-]Transcript of Richard Stallman's [-Speech, 28 Oct 2002,-] {+speech+}
+# | at the International Lisp [-Conference).-] {+Conference, 28 Oct 2002.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the "
+#| "International Lisp Conference)."
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr ""
"(ÐапиÑÑ ÑеÑи РиÑаÑда СÑолмена,
пÑоизнеÑенной 28 окÑÑбÑÑ 2002 года "
"на ÐеждÑнаÑодной конÑеÑенÑии по ÐиÑпÑ)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -49,17 +56,39 @@
"мне доводилоÑÑ Ð²ÑполнÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñно много
ÑабоÑÑ, ÑвÑзанной Ñ ÐиÑпом, Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ, "
"должно бÑÑÑ, еÑÑÑ ÑÑо поÑаÑÑказаÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high
+# | school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a
+# | computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything
+# | with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp
+# | interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data
+# | Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. It was a very small [-machine — it-]
+# | {+machine—it+} had something like 8k of [-memory — and-]
+# | {+memory—and+} I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand
+# | instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was
+# | before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system jobs.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
+#| "school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
+#| "computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
+#| "with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
+#| "interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</"
+#| "abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of "
+#| "memory — and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand "
+#| "instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was "
+#| "before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system "
+#| "jobs."
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. "
-"It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of memory "
-"— and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. "
-"This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to "
-"see what real software was like, that did real system jobs."
+"It was a very small machine—it had something like 8k of memory—"
+"and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. This gave "
+"me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to see what "
+"real software was like, that did real system jobs."
msgstr ""
"ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑеÑа Ñ ÐиÑпом пÑоизоÑла,
когда Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑел ÑÑководÑÑво по "
"ÐиÑп 1.5 в ÑÑаÑÑиÑ
клаÑÑаÑ
. Ðменно Ñогда
Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ñазила идеÑ, ÑÑо Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ "
@@ -71,13 +100,26 @@
"даннÑÑ
. ÐÑо бÑло до Ñого, как Ñ Ñзнал, как
вÑглÑдÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑоÑÑие пÑогÑаммÑ, "
"коÑоÑÑе вÑполнÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑоÑÑие ÑиÑÑемнÑе
задаÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I
+# | started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of
+# | Technology\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab
+# | not by JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what
+# | was to [-come — he-] {+come—he+} must have really regretted
+# | that day.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
+#| "started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
+#| "\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by "
+#| "JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+#| "come — he must have really regretted that day."
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
"\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by JonL, "
-"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to come "
-"— he must have really regretted that day."
+"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
"Я наÑал вÑполнÑÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ наÑÑоÑÑей
ÑеализаÑией ÐиÑпа Ñ Ðжоном-РУайÑом, "
"как ÑолÑко Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñал ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð²
ÐаÑÑаÑÑÑеÑÑком ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑком инÑÑиÑÑÑе.
ТÑда "
@@ -85,7 +127,7 @@
"паÑадокÑалÑно, еÑли ÑÑеÑÑÑ Ñо, ÑÑо
ÑлÑÑилоÑÑ Ð²Ð¿Ð¾ÑледÑÑвии — он, "
"должно бÑÑÑ, ÑилÑно об ÑÑом пожалел."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -112,7 +154,7 @@
"ÐµÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ бÑло пÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ. Я не знаÑ,
бÑла ли ÑÑо пеÑÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ ÑиÑÑема, "
"но ÑÑо опÑеделенно бÑл пеÑвÑй Ñакой
ÑедакÑоÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
@@ -137,19 +179,46 @@
"дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо именно пÑиÑода наÑего обÑаза
жизни в ÐабоÑаÑоÑии иÑкÑÑÑÑвенного "
"инÑеллекÑа пÑивела к ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Emacs и
Ñделала его Ñаким, каким он бÑл."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the
+# | non-interpreted [-language — was-] {+language—was+} PDP-10
+# | Assembler. The interpreter we wrote in that actually wasn't written for
+# | Emacs, it was written for <abbr title=\"Text Editor and
+# | COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and was an extremely ugly
+# | programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. The reason was that it
+# | wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was designed to be an
+# | editor and command language. There were commands like
+# | [-‘5l’,-] {+<code>5l</code>,+} meaning [-‘move-]
+# | {+<code>move+} five [-lines’,-] {+lines</code>,+} or
+# | [-‘i’-] {+<code>i</code>+} and then a string and then an ESC
+# | to insert that string. You would type a string that was a series of
+# | commands, which was called a command string. You would end it with ESC
+# | ESC, and it would get executed.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
+#| "non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+#| "wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
+#| "title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, "
+#| "and was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
+#| "be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "it was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands "
+#| "like ‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘"
+#| "i’ and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You "
+#| "would type a string that was a series of commands, which was called a "
+#| "command string. You would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. "
"The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was "
"designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
"РпеÑвонаÑалÑном Emacs ÐиÑпа не бÑло. ЯзÑком
низкого ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð½Ñ — "
"неинÑеÑпÑеÑиÑÑемÑм ÑзÑком — бÑл
аÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð±Ð»ÐµÑ PDP-10. ÐнÑеÑпÑеÑаÑоÑ, "
@@ -165,18 +234,43 @@
"завеÑÑалаÑÑ Ñимволами <em>ESC</em> <em>ESC</em>, и
Ñогда поÑледоваÑелÑноÑÑÑ "
"вÑполнÑлаÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities,
+# | so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping
+# | construct, which was [-< >.-] {+<code>< ></code>.+} You
+# | would put those around things and it would loop. There were other cryptic
+# | commands that could be used to conditionally exit the loop. To make
+# | Emacs, [-we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a>-] {+we <a
+# | href=\"#foot-1\">[1]</a>+} added facilities to have subroutines with
+# | names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could
+# | only have single letters as their names. That was hard to program big
+# | programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. Actually,
+# | there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its
+# | unwind-protect facility from TECO.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, "
+#| "so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping "
+#| "construct, which was < >. You would put those around things and it "
+#| "would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+#| "conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</"
+#| "a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+#| "sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+#| "their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code "
+#| "so they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather "
+#| "sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect "
+#| "facility from TECO."
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would loop. "
-"There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally exit "
-"the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added facilities to "
-"have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the "
-"subroutines could only have single letters as their names. That was hard to "
-"program big programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. "
-"Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp "
-"got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">[1]"
+"</a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+"sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+"their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so "
+"they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
+"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ, лÑди Ñ
оÑели дополниÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑзÑк
ÑÑедÑÑвами пÑогÑаммиÑованиÑ, Ñак ÑÑо они "
"добавили некоÑоÑÑе Ñакие ÑÑедÑÑва.
ÐапÑимеÑ, одной из пеÑвÑÑ
бÑла добавлена "
@@ -190,10 +284,28 @@
"деле Ñам бÑли доволÑно замÑÑловаÑÑе
ÑÑедÑÑва; по-моемÑ, ÑÑедÑÑво “"
"unwind-protect” ÐиÑп заимÑÑвовал из TECO."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the
+# | ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it [-worked — people-]
+# | {+worked—people+} were able to write large programs in it anyway.
+# | The obvious lesson was that a language like TECO, which wasn't designed to
+# | be a programming language, was the wrong way to go. The language that you
+# | build your extensions on shouldn't be thought of as a programming language
+# | in afterthought; it should be designed as a programming language. In fact,
+# | we discovered that the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the "
+#| "ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were "
+#| "able to write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a "
+#| "language like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "was the wrong way to go. The language that you build your extensions on "
+#| "shouldn't be thought of as a programming language in afterthought; it "
+#| "should be designed as a programming language. In fact, we discovered that "
+#| "the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -211,18 +323,41 @@
"пÑогÑаммиÑованиÑ. ФакÑиÑеÑки, мÑ
обнаÑÑжили, ÑÑо лÑÑÑим ÑзÑком "
"пÑогÑаммиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑиÑ
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
-"a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his "
-"commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was "
-"written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success — "
-"programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the secretaries "
-"in his office started learning how to use it. They used a manual someone had "
-"written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say it was a "
-"programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do programming, "
-"weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could do useful "
-"things and they learned to program."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it [-was <a
+# | href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>.-] {+was <a href=\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>.+} He
+# | wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his commands in
+# | MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was written
+# | entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great [-success —
+# | programming-] {+success—programming+} new editing commands was so
+# | convenient that even the secretaries in his office started learning how to
+# | use it. They used a manual someone had written which showed how to extend
+# | Emacs, but didn't say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who
+# | believed they couldn't do programming, weren't scared off. They read the
+# | manual, discovered they could do useful things and they learned to program.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">"
+#| "(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote "
+#| "his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself "
+#| "was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success "
+#| "— programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the "
+#| "secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+#| "manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+#| "say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't "
+#| "do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they "
+#| "could do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgid ""
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href="
+"\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he "
+"wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor "
+"itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great "
+"success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that even "
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+"manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say "
+"it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑо оÑкÑÑл ÐеÑни ÐÑинбеÑг <a
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пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð° MacLisp "
@@ -235,16 +370,37 @@
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
-"useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend "
-"by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to "
-"learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are "
-"useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So Bernie saw that an [-application — a-] {+application—a+}
+# | program that does something useful for [-you — which-]
+# | {+you—which+} has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by
+# | rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to
+# | learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are
+# | useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get
+# | encouragement for their own practical [-use — at-] {+use—at+}
+# | the stage where it's the [-hardest — where-] {+hardest—where+}
+# | they don't believe they can program, until they get to the point where
+# | they are programmers.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
+#| "useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could "
+#| "extend by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for "
+#| "people to learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small "
+#| "programs that are useful for them, which in most arenas you can't "
+#| "possibly do. They can get encouragement for their own practical use "
+#| "— at the stage where it's the hardest — where they don't "
+#| "believe they can program, until they get to the point where they are "
+#| "programmers."
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
"Так ÑÑо ÐеÑни понÑл, ÑÑо пÑиложение—
пÑогÑамма, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑо-Ñо "
"полезное Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ — внÑÑÑи коÑоÑого
бÑл ÐиÑп и коÑоÑое Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе "
@@ -256,30 +412,79 @@
"дÑмаÑÑ, ÑÑо могÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ,—
пока они не дойдÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑоÑки, в "
"коÑоÑой они Ñже ÑÑали пÑогÑаммиÑÑами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like
+# | this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp
+# | implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an [-interpreter
+# | — it-] {+interpreter—it+} was a full-fledged Lisp [-system
+# | — but-] {+system—but+} people wanted to implement something
+# | like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp
+# | compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write
+# | the whole editor in [-Lisp — it-] {+Lisp—it+} would be too
+# | slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we
+# | developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and
+# | the lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor
+# | were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we
+# | had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously
+# | practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high
+# | level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them
+# | into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a
+# | paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph,
+# | because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at
+# | the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by writing
+# | a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting part
+# | of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid
+# | technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain
+# | parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower
+# | level.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like "
+#| "this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
+#| "implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
+#| "— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
+#| "implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+#| "written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
+#| "couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+#| "especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed "
+#| "a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the "
+#| "lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor "
+#| "were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we "
+#| "had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously "
+#| "practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high "
+#| "level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them "
+#| "into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a "
+#| "paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph, "
+#| "because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at "
+#| "the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+#| "writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by "
+#| "putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
+#| "the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, "
+#| "but certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be "
+#| "written at a lower level."
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
"on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp implementation. "
-"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter — it was a "
-"full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to implement something "
-"like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp "
-"compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the "
-"whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if "
-"it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The "
-"idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor "
-"together, so that parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those "
-"would be whatever parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique "
-"that we had already consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because "
-"there were certain fairly high level features which we re-implemented in "
-"machine language, making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was "
-"a TECO primitive to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of "
-"filling a paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the "
-"job would be done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the "
-"whole job by writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized "
-"it by putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
-"the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but "
-"certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a "
-"lower level."
+"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter—it was a full-"
+"fledged Lisp system—but people wanted to implement something like that "
+"on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp compiler. Well, "
+"if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the whole editor in "
+"Lisp—it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run "
+"interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write "
+"a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor together, so that "
+"parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever "
+"parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already "
+"consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain "
+"fairly high level features which we re-implemented in machine language, "
+"making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive "
+"to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a "
+"paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be "
+"done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+"writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting "
+"part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid "
+"technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain "
+"parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower "
+"level."
msgstr ""
"Ð ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð»Ñди наÑали ÑазмÑÑлÑÑÑ, как
полÑÑиÑÑ ÑÑо-Ñо вÑоде ÑÑого на "
"плаÑÑоÑме, где Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
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полноÑÑнкÑионалÑной ÑеализаÑии ÐиÑпа. У
MacLisp "
@@ -305,16 +510,33 @@
"бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñана на ÐиÑпе, но опÑеделеннÑе
его ÑаÑÑи, коÑоÑÑе нÑжно бÑло "
"вÑполнÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñобенно бÑÑÑÑо, бÑдÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑанÑ
на низком ÑÑовне."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the
+# | same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language
+# | anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs
+# | to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but
+# | I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in [-C
+# | — manipulating-] {+C—manipulating+} editor buffers, inserting
+# | leading text, reading and writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the
+# | screen, managing editor windows.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
+#| "same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
+#| "anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs "
+#| "to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but "
+#| "I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
+#| "— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+#| "writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
+#| "windows."
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
-"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
-"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
-"windows."
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C—"
+"manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and writing "
+"files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor windows."
msgstr ""
"Таким обÑазом, когда Ñ Ð¿Ð¸Ñал ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð²ÑоÑÑÑ
ÑеализаÑÐ¸Ñ Emacs, Ñ Ñледовал Ñакого "
"же Ñода ÑÑ
еме. ЯзÑк низкого ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð½Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑе
не бÑл маÑиннÑм ÑзÑком, ÑÑо бÑл "
@@ -325,20 +547,46 @@
"ÑедакÑоÑа, вÑÑавка ÑекÑÑа в наÑало, ÑÑение
и запиÑÑ Ñайлов, пеÑеÑиÑовка "
"бÑÑеÑа на ÑкÑане, ÑпÑавление окнами
ÑедакÑоÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix.
+# | The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A
+# | strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be
+# | influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original
+# | Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone
+# | wanted to port it to run on [-Twenex — it-] {+Twenex—it+}
+# | originally only ran on the Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT.
+# | They ported it to Twenex, which meant that there were a few hundred
+# | installations around the world that could potentially use it. We started
+# | distributing it to them, with the rule that “you had to send back
+# | all of your improvements” so we could all benefit. No one ever tried
+# | to enforce that, but as far as I know people did cooperate.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. "
+#| "The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
+#| "strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
+#| "influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
+#| "Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone "
+#| "wanted to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
+#| "which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
+#| "that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with "
+#| "the rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” "
+#| "so we could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as "
+#| "I know people did cooperate."
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
-"to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
-"that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the "
-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
-"people did cooperate."
+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
"Так воÑ, ÑÑо бÑл не пеÑвÑй Emacs, напиÑаннÑй
на Си и ÑабоÑавÑий в Unix. "
"ÐеÑвÑй бÑл напиÑан ÐжеймÑом ÐоÑлингом,
его назÑвали GosMacs. С ним вÑÑла "
@@ -354,12 +602,26 @@
"извлекаÑÑ Ð¸Ð· ÑÑого полÑзÑ. ÐикÑо никогда
не пÑÑалÑÑ ÑледиÑÑ Ð·Ð° ÑоблÑдением "
"ÑÑого, но наÑколÑко Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ, лÑди
дейÑÑвиÑелÑно ÑоÑÑÑдниÑали."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a
+# | manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the
+# | community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the
+# | right approach to take towards a [-community — to-]
+# | {+community—to+} ask them to join in and make the program better.
+# | But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it to a company.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
+#| "manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the "
+#| "community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the "
+#| "right approach to take towards a community — to ask them to join in "
+#| "and make the program better. But after that he seemed to change the "
+#| "spirit, and sold it to a company."
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
@@ -370,7 +632,32 @@
"ÑлÑÑÑаÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ. Ðо поÑле ÑÑого его
оÑноÑение, кажеÑÑÑ, изменилоÑÑ, и он "
"пÑодал пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ компании."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like
+# | operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”).
+# | There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however,
+# | have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling
+# | had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He
+# | proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's
+# | Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was
+# | known as [-‘mocklisp’,-] {+“mocklisp,”+} which
+# | looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't have the data structures of
+# | Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital elements of Lisp were missing.
+# | Its data structures were strings, numbers and a few other specialized
+# | things.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
+#| "operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
+#| "There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however, "
+#| "have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling "
+#| "had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
+#| "proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
+#| "Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was "
+#| "known as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but "
+#| "didn't have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and "
+#| "vital elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, "
+#| "numbers and a few other specialized things."
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -379,7 +666,7 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
@@ -396,7 +683,7 @@
"Ñ
ваÑало жизненно важнÑÑ
ÑлеменÑов ÐиÑпа.
Ðго ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑами даннÑÑ
бÑли ÑÑÑоки, "
"ÑиÑла и некоÑоÑÑе дÑÑгие
ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑе обÑекÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -411,13 +698,28 @@
"вÑвода внÑÑÑенниÑ
ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ
ÑедакÑоÑа и манипÑлÑÑий ими в "
"полÑзоваÑелÑÑкиÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
на ÐиÑпе."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an
+# | alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things
+# | would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for
+# | garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any
+# | Lisp programs during that. We've changed that [-since — it's-]
+# | {+since—it's+} now possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's
+# | quite a convenient thing.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of "
+#| "an alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and "
+#| "things would go on with very special data structures that were not safe "
+#| "for garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run "
+#| "any Lisp programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now "
+#| "possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
"ÐдинÑÑвеннÑм иÑклÑÑением бÑла
пеÑеÑиÑовка. Ðолгое вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеÑиÑовка бÑла
"
@@ -428,15 +730,37 @@
"изменили — ÑейÑÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ вÑполнÑÑÑ
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð° ÐиÑпе во вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
"пеÑеÑиÑовки. ÐÑо оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ñдобно."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This second Emacs program was [-‘free software’-]
+# | {+“free software”+} in the modern sense of the [-term —
+# | it-] {+term—it+} was part of an explicit political campaign to make
+# | software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should be
+# | free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on
+# | software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the
+# | basis for the free software [-movement — the-]
+# | {+movement—the+} experience I had, the life that I've lived at the
+# | MIT AI [-lab — to-] {+lab—to+} be working on human knowledge,
+# | and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further
+# | disseminating human knowledge.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
+#| "sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign "
+#| "to make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody "
+#| "should be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working "
+#| "together on software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. "
+#| "That is the basis for the free software movement — the experience I "
+#| "had, the life that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on "
+#| "human knowledge, and not be standing in the way of anybody's further "
+#| "using and further disseminating human knowledge."
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
-"sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
+"sense of the term—it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
-"basis for the free software movement — the experience I had, the life "
-"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on human knowledge, "
+"basis for the free software movement—the experience I had, the life "
+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
"disseminating human knowledge."
msgstr ""
@@ -451,7 +775,7 @@
"ÑеловеÑеÑким знанием и не ÑÑоÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
на пÑÑи к далÑнейÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ "
"и далÑнейÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанениÑ
ÑеловеÑеÑкого знаниÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
"as other computers that weren't meant for Lisp, except that it would run "
@@ -471,11 +795,30 @@
"пÑÑалиÑÑ Ð²Ð·ÑÑÑ <code>car</code> Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑла, ÑÑо
пÑиводило к беÑÑмÑÑленнÑм "
"ÑезÑлÑÑаÑам и в конÑе конÑов когда-нибÑдÑ
пÑиводило к ÑбоÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those
+# | other machines, but each [-instruction — a-] {+instruction—a+}
+# | <code>car</code> instruction would do data [-typechecking — so-]
+# | {+typechecking—so+} when you tried to get the <code>car</code> of a
+# | number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate error. We
+# | built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was written
+# | almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in the
+# | microcode. People became interested in manufacturing them, which meant
+# | they should start a company.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
+#| "other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> "
+#| "instruction would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get "
+#| "the <code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you "
+#| "an immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system "
+#| "for it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being "
+#| "parts written in the microcode. People became interested in manufacturing "
+#| "them, which meant they should start a company."
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
-"other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> instruction "
-"would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
+"other machines, but each instruction—a <code>car</code> instruction "
+"would do data typechecking—so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
"code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate "
"error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was "
"written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in "
@@ -491,15 +834,34 @@
"микÑокоде. Ðозник инÑеÑÐµÑ Ðº пÑоизводÑÑвÑ
маÑин, ÑÑо ознаÑало, ÑÑо нÑжно "
"ÑоздаÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | There were two different ideas about what this company should be like.
+# | Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company.
+# | This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way
+# | conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab [-culture <a
+# | href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>.-] {+culture <a class=\"ftn\"
+# | href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>.+} Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any
+# | business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they
+# | doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid
+# | outside investment wouldn't work.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
+#| "Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
+#| "This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a "
+#| "way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+#| "<a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
+#| "business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
+#| "doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+#| "outside investment wouldn't work."
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
"This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way "
-"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture <a "
-"href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
-"business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't "
+"have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said "
+"they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
"outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑло два ÑазнÑÑ
пÑедÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ Ñом, какой
должна бÑÑÑ ÑÑа компаниÑ. "
@@ -512,7 +874,7 @@
"он ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ ÑÑо ÑделаÑÑ. Ðни дÑмали, ÑÑо
избежаÑÑ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑниÑ
капиÑаловложений, "
"как он планиÑовал, не ÑдаÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
@@ -524,7 +886,7 @@
"позволÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ бÑÑÑ ÑепеÑилÑнÑм; а еÑли вÑ
ÑколÑко-нибÑÐ´Ñ ÑепеÑилÑнÑ, Ñо они "
"в конÑе конÑов поÑÑавÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑководÑÑÑÑ
должноÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð´ÑÑгого."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
@@ -540,7 +902,7 @@
"комплекÑÑÑÑие Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑего ÑиÑла маÑин и
Ñак далее. ÐÑÑгие лÑди из гÑÑÐ¿Ð¿Ñ "
"дÑмали, ÑÑо Ñак ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ðµ полÑÑиÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt then recruited Russell Noftsker, the man who had hired me, who "
"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
@@ -561,7 +923,7 @@
"пÑивлекаÑÑ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑний капиÑал, не бÑÑÑ
ÑепеÑилÑнÑми и делаÑÑ Ð²Ñе возможное, "
"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð±ÐµÐ´Ð¸ÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
"start Lisp Machines Inc. anyway and go ahead with their plans. And what do "
@@ -583,7 +945,7 @@
"ÐиÑпÑ. Ðогда в Symbolics понÑли, ÑÑо LMI и не
дÑÐ¼Ð°ÐµÑ Ð²ÑлеÑаÑÑ Ð² ÑÑÑбÑ, они "
"ÑÑали иÑкаÑÑ ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑазÑÑÑиÑÑ ÐµÐµ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
"lab. The abandonment happened when Symbolics hired away all the hackers, "
@@ -611,13 +973,26 @@
"коÑоÑÑе лиÑензиÑовали обе компании. ÐикÑо
не пÑедвидел, ÑÑо гÑÑÐ¿Ð¿Ñ Ñ
акеÑов "
"ÐабоÑаÑоÑии иÑкÑÑÑÑвенного инÑеллекÑа
ÑазгонÑÑ, но Ñак и ÑлÑÑилоÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said to "
-"the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system available "
-"for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. "
-"Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you "
-"can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | So Symbolics came up with a [-plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>.-]
+# | {+plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>.+} They said to the lab,
+# | “We will continue making our changes to the system available for you
+# | to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. Instead,
+# | we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you can run
+# | it, but that's all you can do.”
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said "
+#| "to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+#| "available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+#| "system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+#| "and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+msgid ""
+"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>. They "
+"said to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+"available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+"system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+"and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑак, в Symbolics ÑозÑел план <a
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"лабоÑаÑоÑии: “ÐÑ Ð¿Ñодолжим
пÑедоÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð² ваÑе полÑзование Ñвои "
@@ -625,7 +1000,7 @@
"инÑÑиÑÑÑа. ÐмеÑÑо ÑÑого Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑедоÑÑавим
вам доÑÑÑп к ÑиÑÑеме маÑинÑ-ÐиÑпа "
"Symbolics, и Ð²Ñ ÑможеÑе ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° ней, но ÑÑо
вÑе, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе делаÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This, in effect, meant that they demanded that we had to choose a side, and "
"use either the MIT version of the system or the Symbolics version. "
@@ -646,12 +1021,28 @@
"ÑÑоÑÐ¾Ð½Ñ ÑÑо бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑжкой LMI, поÑомÑ
ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð°Ð»Ð¸ Ð±Ñ Ð¸Ð¼ пÑодолжаÑÑ "
"ÑÑÑеÑÑвование. Так ÑÑо нам не позволили
оÑÑаваÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÑалÑнÑми."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although
+# | it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the
+# | software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to
+# | help keep Lisp Machines Inc. [-going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> —
+# | I-] {+going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I+} began duplicating
+# | all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp machine system. I
+# | wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the code was my own).
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although "
+#| "it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
+#| "software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
+#| "help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+#| "began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
+#| "machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., "
+#| "the code was my own)."
msgid ""
"Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although it "
"made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
"software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
-"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I "
"began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
"machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the "
"code was my own)."
@@ -664,12 +1055,24 @@
"делали в Symbolics. Я пиÑал ÑквиваленÑнÑе
ÑлÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñам (Ñ.е. ÑекÑÑÑ "
"пÑогÑамм бÑли моими ÑобÑÑвеннÑми)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that it "
-"would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta "
-"announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were "
-"and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | After a [-while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>,-] {+while <a
+# | href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>,+} I came to the conclusion that it would be best
+# | if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta announcement
+# | that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were and then
+# | implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that "
+#| "it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+#| "beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the "
+#| "features were and then implement them. By the time they had a real "
+#| "release, I did too."
+msgid ""
+"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>, I came to the conclusion "
+"that it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+"beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features "
+"were and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
msgstr ""
"ЧеÑез некоÑоÑое вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a> Ñ
пÑиÑел к "
"заклÑÑениÑ, ÑÑо бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð»ÑÑÑе вÑего, еÑли
Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ðµ не заглÑдÑвал в иÑ
"
@@ -678,15 +1081,33 @@
"ÑеализовÑвал иÑ
. Ð ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ñемени, как они
вÑпÑÑкали оконÑаÑелÑнÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ, Ñ "
"Ñоже вÑпÑÑкал ÑакÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines
+# | Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend
+# | years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured
+# | they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with
+# | competition that was not leaving or going to [-disappear <a
+# | href=\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>.-] {+disappear <a
+# | href=\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>.+} Meanwhile, it was time to start building a
+# | new community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped
+# | out.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp "
+#| "Machines Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want "
+#| "to spend years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. "
+#| "I figured they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were "
+#| "stuck with competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+#| "\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+#| "community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgid ""
"In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend "
"years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured "
"they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with "
-"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href=\"#foot-7\">"
-"(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new community to replace "
-"the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
+"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+"\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+"community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgstr ""
"Таким обÑазом в ÑеÑение двÑÑ
Ð»ÐµÑ Ñ Ð½Ðµ
давал им поконÑиÑÑ Ñ LMI, и ÑÑи две "
"компании пÑодолжали ÑабоÑÑ. Ðо Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñ
оÑел
ÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð³Ð¸Ðµ Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñо, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ "
@@ -696,7 +1117,7 @@
"вÑеменем пÑиÑла поÑа наÑаÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÑÑойÑÑво
нового ÑообÑеÑÑва взамен Ñого, "
"коÑоÑое бÑло ÑниÑÑожено иÑ
дейÑÑвиÑми и
дейÑÑвиÑми дÑÑгиÑ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Lisp community in the 70s was not limited to the MIT AI Lab, and the "
"hackers were not all at MIT. The war that Symbolics started was what wiped "
@@ -711,18 +1132,54 @@
"дÑÑгие ÑобÑÑиÑ. ÐÑли лÑди, коÑоÑÑе
пÑекÑаÑали ÑоÑÑÑдниÑеÑÑво, и вÑе ÑÑо "
"вмеÑÑе опÑÑÑоÑило наÑе ÑообÑеÑÑво, и оÑ
него поÑÑи ниÑего не оÑÑалоÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I
+# | had to make a free operating system, that was [-clear — the-]
+# | {+clear—the+} only way that people could work together and share was
+# | with a free operating system.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. "
+#| "I had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only "
+#| "way that people could work together and share was with a free operating "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I "
-"had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only way "
-"that people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
+"had to make a free operating system, that was clear—the only way that "
+"people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
msgstr ""
"Ðогда Ñ Ð¿ÑекÑаÑил наказÑваÑÑ Symbolics, мне
пÑиÑлоÑÑ Ð¿ÑидÑмÑваÑÑ, ÑÑо делаÑÑ "
"далÑÑе. Ðне нÑжно бÑло ÑделаÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ
опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, ÑÑо бÑло "
"ÑÑно — единÑÑвеннÑм ÑпоÑобом даÑÑ
лÑдÑм ÑовмеÑÑно ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð¸ "
"обмениваÑÑÑÑ Ð±Ñла ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑионнаÑ
ÑиÑÑема."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that
+# | wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp
+# | machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it
+# | possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their
+# | programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you
+# | would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines.
+# | The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're
+# | running one program on a timesharing [-system — if-]
+# | {+system—if+} one program crashes, that's not a disaster, that's
+# | something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for
+# | writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system
+# | like the Lisp machine.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
+#| "wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp "
+#| "machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it "
+#| "possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their "
+#| "programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you "
+#| "would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. "
+#| "The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're "
+#| "running one program on a timesharing system — if one program "
+#| "crashes, that's not a disaster, that's something your program "
+#| "occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for writing the operating "
+#| "system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system like the Lisp "
+#| "machine."
msgid ""
"At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
"wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp machine "
@@ -731,7 +1188,7 @@
"still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you would be reduced to "
"something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. The programs would be "
"faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're running one program on a "
-"timesharing system — if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
+"timesharing system—if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
"that's something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it "
"good for writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a "
"system like the Lisp machine."
@@ -749,7 +1206,7 @@
"недоÑÑаÑоÑно Ñ
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ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ маÑинÑ-ÐиÑпа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I decided instead to make a Unix-like operating system that would have Lisp "
"implementations to run as user programs. The kernel wouldn't be written in "
@@ -766,7 +1223,7 @@
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Ð°Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамм имел ÑÑезвÑÑайное "
"знаÑение."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There were people in those days, in 1985, who had one-megabyte machines "
"without virtual memory. They wanted to be able to use GNU Emacs. This meant "
@@ -777,15 +1234,34 @@
"Emacs. ÐÑо знаÑило, ÑÑо мне нÑжно
огÑаниÑиваÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº можно менÑÑим "
"ÑазмеÑом."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
-"while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of "
-"the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, "
-"or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to "
-"keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ "
-"and so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of "
-"GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | For instance, at the time the only looping construct was
+# | [-‘while’,-] {+<code>while</code>,+} which was extremely
+# | simple. There was no way to break out of the [-‘while’-]
+# | {+<code>while</code>+} statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw,
+# | or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to
+# | keep things small. We didn't have [-‘caar’-]
+# | {+<code>caar</code>+} and [-‘cadr’-] {+<code>cadr</code>+} and
+# | so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU
+# | Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
+#| "while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out "
+#| "of the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a "
+#| "throw, or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was "
+#| "pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
+#| "‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything "
+#| "possible” was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, "
+#| "from the beginning."
+msgid ""
+"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was <code>while</code>, "
+"which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of the "
+"<code>while</code> statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, or "
+"test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to keep "
+"things small. We didn't have <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so "
+"on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU "
+"Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
msgstr ""
"ÐапÑимеÑ, в Ñо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÑÑвенной
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@@ -796,15 +1272,35 @@
"возможное” — Ñаким дÑÑ
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пÑопиÑан GNU Emacs и его ÐиÑп "
"Ñ Ñамого наÑала."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more.
+# | We put in [-‘caar’-] {+<code>caar</code>+} and
+# | [-‘cadr’-] {+<code>cadr</code>+} and so on, and we might put
+# | in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it
+# | some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I
+# | implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that
+# | happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword [-arguments
+# | <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>.-] {+arguments <a
+# | href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>.+} They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it
+# | sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. "
+#| "We put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we "
+#| "might put in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing "
+#| "to extend it some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of "
+#| "common Lisp. I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm "
+#| "not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is "
+#| "keyword arguments <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite "
+#| "Lispy to me; I'll do it sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgid ""
"Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. We "
-"put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we might put "
+"put in <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so on, and we might put "
"in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it "
"some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I "
"implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that happy "
-"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a href="
-"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
+"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
+"href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
"sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgstr ""
"РазÑмееÑÑÑ, маÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ ÑейÑÐ°Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑе, и Ð¼Ñ Ñже
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
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msgid ""
"At the time, <abbr title=\"Tool Command Language\">TCL</abbr> was being "
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"Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑеÑ
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
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"надÑÑÑойками."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use
+# | only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any
+# | given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of
+# | [-applications — saying-] {+applications—saying+}
+# | “Please, application developer, put my language into your
+# | application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at
+# | [-all — whichever-] {+all—whichever+} application they're
+# | using comes with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But
+# | when you have a powerful language that can implement others by translating
+# | into it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to
+# | have a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping
+# | [-‘Guile’,-] {+Guile,+} our scheme interpreter, will do. We
+# | had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to
+# | Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone
+# | interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we
+# | have for the future.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use "
+#| "only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any "
+#| "given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+#| "applications — saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+#| "language into your application, not his language.” Then the users "
+#| "get no choices at all — whichever application they're using comes "
+#| "with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you "
+#| "have a powerful language that can implement others by translating into "
+#| "it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have "
+#| "a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our "
+#| "scheme interpreter, will do. We had a person working last summer "
+#| "finishing up a translator from Python to Scheme. I don't know if it's "
+#| "entirely finished yet, but for anyone interested in this project, please "
+#| "get in touch. So that's the plan we have for the future."
msgid ""
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+"no choices at all—whichever application they're using comes with one "
+"language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a "
+"powerful language that can implement others by translating into it, then you "
+"give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have a language war "
+"anymore. That's what we're hoping Guile, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
"had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a
+# | little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price;
+# | it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a copy,
+# | or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. The
+# | crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what
+# | it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the
+# | copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is
+# | what free software means. If you are using a non[---]free program, you
+# | have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you "
+#| "a little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to "
+#| "price; it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a "
+#| "copy, or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. "
+#| "The crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study "
+#| "what it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute "
+#| "the copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. "
+#| "This is what free software means. If you are using a non-free program, "
+#| "you have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgid ""
"I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a "
"little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price; it "
@@ -927,7 +1475,7 @@
"thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what it does, "
"free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the copies of "
"others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is what free "
-"software means. If you are using a non-free program, you have lost crucial "
+"software means. If you are using a nonfree program, you have lost crucial "
"freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgstr ""
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject
+# | freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non[---]free software by providing
+# | free software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to
+# | reject the non[---]free software, when that means some practical
+# | inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you
+# | can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in
+# | practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier
+# | for you to live in freedom, to cooperate.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
+#| "freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+#| "software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to "
+#| "reject the non-free software, when that means some practical "
+#| "inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you "
+#| "can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in "
+#| "practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier "
+#| "for you to live in freedom, to cooperate."
msgid ""
"The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
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"software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to reject "
-"the non-free software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
+"the nonfree software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
"less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in practical terms. The less "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of
+# | freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here
+# | they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate
+# | with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non[---]free
+# | software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're
+# | not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help
+# | society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless
+# | is the state of users using non[---]free software.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
+#| "freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
+#| "they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate "
+#| "with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free "
+#| "software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're "
+#| "not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help "
+#| "society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless "
+#| "is the state of users using non-free software."
msgid ""
"This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
"freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
"they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate with "
-"other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free software, "
+"other people as well as free to help yourself. With nonfree software, "
"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
"share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help society, anymore than "
"you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless is the state of users "
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+"using nonfree software."
msgstr ""
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+# | We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people
+# | said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We
+# | have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we
+# | need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project;
+# | help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a
+# | [-href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a>-]
+# | {+href=\"/help/help.html\">gnu.org/help</a>+} to find suggestions for how
+# | to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the home
+# | page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy.
+# | If you're looking for free software to use, look in /directory, which
+# | lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of all the free
+# | software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. My book of
+# | essays, “Free Software and Free [-Society”,-]
+# | {+Society,”+} is on sale and can be purchased at [-<a
+# | href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>.-] {+www.gnu.org <a
+# | href=\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>.+} Happy hacking!
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what "
+#| "people said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free "
+#| "software. We have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther "
+#| "to go. So we need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the "
+#| "GNU project; help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at "
+#| "<a href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for "
+#| "how to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the "
+#| "home page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /"
+#| "philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /"
+#| "directory, which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of "
+#| "all the free software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. "
+#| "My book of essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on "
+#| "sale and can be purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</"
+#| "a>. Happy hacking!"
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
"said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We "
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-"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you "
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-"Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be purchased at <a href="
-"\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/help.html"
+"\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you want to "
+"order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want to read "
+"about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking for free "
+"software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 packages now "
+"(which is a fraction of all the free software out there). Please write more "
+"and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free Software and Free "
+"Society,” is on sale and can be purchased at www.gnu.org <a href="
+"\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
msgstr ""
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@@ -1013,7 +1629,12 @@
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пÑиобÑеÑÑи на <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/";
"\">www.gnu.org</a>. ÐÑего добÑого!"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "ÐÑимеÑаниÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk,
+# | is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at
+# | Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp
+# | Machine [-system — even-] {+system—even+} though the contract
+# | did not require this. Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation
+# | unilaterally.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the "
+#| "talk, is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at "
+#| "Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp "
+#| "Machine system — even though the contract did not require this. "
+#| "Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
"is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at Symbolics "
-"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine system "
-"— even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan was "
-"to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
+"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine "
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msgstr ""
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
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msgid ""
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Symbolics."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
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когда ими полÑзÑÑÑÑÑ Ñакие пÑоÑÑÑе "
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+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+# | [-This essay is published in-]{+In 2021, this book can be purchased from+}
+# | <a
+# |
[-href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/\";><cite>Free
+# | Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard M.
+# | Stallman</cite></a>.-]
+# |
{+href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-edition\";>
+# | GNU Press</a>.+}
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This essay is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+#| "software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+#| "Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-"
+"edition\"> GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¾ÑеÑк пÑбликÑеÑÑÑ Ð² ÑбоÑнике <a
href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/";
+"free-software-free-society/\"><cite>СвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ,
Ñвободное обÑеÑÑво: "
+"избÑаннÑе оÑеÑки РиÑаÑда Ð.
СÑолмена</cite></a>."
+
# type: Content of: <div><div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -1150,14 +1806,20 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+# || No change detected. The change might only be in amounts of spaces.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
@@ -1169,8 +1831,13 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+# | Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, [-2014, 2020-] {+2021+} Free Software
+# | Foundation, Inc.
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
@@ -1201,10 +1868,9 @@
msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
# type: Content of: <div><p>
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/rms-lisp.sq.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.sq.po,v
retrieving revision 1.48
retrieving revision 1.49
diff -u -b -r1.48 -r1.49
--- po/rms-lisp.sq.po 2 Oct 2020 10:30:07 -0000 1.48
+++ po/rms-lisp.sq.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.49
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-10-02 13:00+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Besnik Bleta <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Shqip <besnik@programeshqip.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 2.4.1\n"
# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -26,21 +27,25 @@
"Foundation"
# type: Content of: <h2>
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr "Përvoja ime me Lisp dhe Krijimi i GNU Emacs"
# type: Content of: <h3>
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the "
+#| "International Lisp Conference)."
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr ""
"(Transkriptim i Fjalës së Richard Stallman-it, 28 Tetor 2002, në "
"International Lisp Conference)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -53,17 +58,29 @@
"Lisp-in, do të duhej të isha në gjendje të them diçka interesante."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
+#| "school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
+#| "computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
+#| "with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
+#| "interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</"
+#| "abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of "
+#| "memory — and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand "
+#| "instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was "
+#| "before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system "
+#| "jobs."
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. "
-"It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of memory "
-"— and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. "
-"This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to "
-"see what real software was like, that did real system jobs."
+"It was a very small machine—it had something like 8k of memory—"
+"and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. This gave "
+"me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to see what "
+"real software was like, that did real system jobs."
msgstr ""
"Takimi im i parë me Lisp-in qe leximi i doracakut të Lisp 1.5-s në
shkollën "
"e mesme. Kjo qe koha kur më iku mendja nga ideja që mund të kishte një
gjuhë "
@@ -76,13 +93,20 @@
"em>, ai që kryente detyra të vërteta në sistem."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
+#| "started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
+#| "\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by "
+#| "JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+#| "come — he must have really regretted that day."
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
"\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by JonL, "
-"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to come "
-"— he must have really regretted that day."
+"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
"Zura të punoj për një sendërtim të njëmendtë Lisp me JonL White-in
sapo "
"fillova të punoj në <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
@@ -91,7 +115,7 @@
"— vërtet duhet të jetë penduar për atë ditë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -119,7 +143,7 @@
"përpunuesi i parë i tillë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
@@ -144,19 +168,32 @@
"shpuri te Emacs dhe e bëri atë që është."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
+#| "non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+#| "wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
+#| "title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, "
+#| "and was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
+#| "be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "it was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands "
+#| "like ‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘"
+#| "i’ and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You "
+#| "would type a string that was a series of commands, which was called a "
+#| "command string. You would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. "
"The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was "
"designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
"Emacs-i origjinal sâpërmbante Lisp. Gjuha e nivelit të ulët, gjuha e "
"painterpretueshme — qe PDP-10 Assembler. Interpretuesi që shkruam, në
"
@@ -171,18 +208,31 @@
"përfundonit me ESC ESC, dhe kështu mund të ekzekutohej."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, "
+#| "so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping "
+#| "construct, which was < >. You would put those around things and it "
+#| "would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+#| "conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</"
+#| "a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+#| "sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+#| "their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code "
+#| "so they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather "
+#| "sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect "
+#| "facility from TECO."
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would loop. "
-"There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally exit "
-"the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added facilities to "
-"have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the "
-"subroutines could only have single letters as their names. That was hard to "
-"program big programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. "
-"Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp "
-"got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">[1]"
+"</a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+"sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+"their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so "
+"they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
+"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
"Njerëzit donin ta zgjeronin këtë gjuhë me aftësi programimi, ndaj edhe "
"shtuan ca syresh. Për shembull, nga të parat qe një mekanizëm
përsëritjeje, "
@@ -197,10 +247,20 @@
"se Lisp-i, aftësinë për \"unwind-protect\", e mori nga TECO."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the "
+#| "ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were "
+#| "able to write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a "
+#| "language like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "was the wrong way to go. The language that you build your extensions on "
+#| "shouldn't be thought of as a programming language in afterthought; it "
+#| "should be designed as a programming language. In fact, we discovered that "
+#| "the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -218,18 +278,30 @@
"mirë e programimit për këtë qëllim qe Lisp-i."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
-"a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his "
-"commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was "
-"written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success — "
-"programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the secretaries "
-"in his office started learning how to use it. They used a manual someone had "
-"written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say it was a "
-"programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do programming, "
-"weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could do useful "
-"things and they learned to program."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">"
+#| "(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote "
+#| "his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself "
+#| "was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success "
+#| "— programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the "
+#| "secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+#| "manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+#| "say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't "
+#| "do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they "
+#| "could do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgid ""
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href="
+"\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he "
+"wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor "
+"itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great "
+"success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that even "
+"the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+"manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say "
+"it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
msgstr ""
"Ai që e zbuloi këtë <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>, qe Bernie Greenberg. Ky "
"shkroi një version të Emacs-it në Multics MacLisp, dhe i shkroi urdhrat e "
@@ -244,16 +316,27 @@
"programonin."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
-"useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend "
-"by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to "
-"learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are "
-"useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
+#| "useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could "
+#| "extend by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for "
+#| "people to learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small "
+#| "programs that are useful for them, which in most arenas you can't "
+#| "possibly do. They can get encouragement for their own practical use "
+#| "— at the stage where it's the hardest — where they don't "
+#| "believe they can program, until they get to the point where they are "
+#| "programmers."
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
"Pra, Bernie pa që një aplikacion — një program që bën diçka të "
"dobishme për ju — që ka brenda Lisp dhe që mund ta zgjeroni duke "
@@ -265,30 +348,55 @@
"derisa arrijnë në pikën që janë programues."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like "
+#| "this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
+#| "implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
+#| "— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
+#| "implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+#| "written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
+#| "couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+#| "especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed "
+#| "a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the "
+#| "lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor "
+#| "were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we "
+#| "had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously "
+#| "practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high "
+#| "level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them "
+#| "into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a "
+#| "paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph, "
+#| "because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at "
+#| "the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+#| "writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by "
+#| "putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
+#| "the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, "
+#| "but certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be "
+#| "written at a lower level."
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
"on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp implementation. "
-"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter — it was a "
-"full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to implement something "
-"like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp "
-"compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the "
-"whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if "
-"it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The "
-"idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor "
-"together, so that parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those "
-"would be whatever parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique "
-"that we had already consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because "
-"there were certain fairly high level features which we re-implemented in "
-"machine language, making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was "
-"a TECO primitive to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of "
-"filling a paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the "
-"job would be done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the "
-"whole job by writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized "
-"it by putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
-"the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but "
-"certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a "
-"lower level."
+"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter—it was a full-"
+"fledged Lisp system—but people wanted to implement something like that "
+"on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp compiler. Well, "
+"if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the whole editor in "
+"Lisp—it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run "
+"interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write "
+"a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor together, so that "
+"parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever "
+"parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already "
+"consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain "
+"fairly high level features which we re-implemented in machine language, "
+"making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive "
+"to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a "
+"paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be "
+"done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+"writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting "
+"part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid "
+"technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain "
+"parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower "
+"level."
msgstr ""
"Në këtë pikë, njerëzit zunë të mendonin se si mund të kishin diçka
të tillë "
"edhe në një platformë tek e cila nuk kishin sendërtim të plotë
funksional të "
@@ -315,16 +423,25 @@
"xhironin veçanërisht shpejt, të shkruheshin në nivel më të ulët."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
+#| "same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
+#| "anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs "
+#| "to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but "
+#| "I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
+#| "— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+#| "writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
+#| "windows."
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
-"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
-"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
-"windows."
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C—"
+"manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and writing "
+"files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor windows."
msgstr ""
"Kështu që, kur shkrova sendërtimin tim të dytë të Emacs-it, ndoqa të
njëjtën "
"lloj skeme. Gjuha e nivelit të ulët nuk qe më gjuha e makinës, qe C-ja.
C-ja "
@@ -336,20 +453,34 @@
"një shtytëze, administrim dritaresh përpunuesi."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. "
+#| "The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
+#| "strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
+#| "influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
+#| "Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone "
+#| "wanted to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
+#| "which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
+#| "that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with "
+#| "the rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” "
+#| "so we could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as "
+#| "I know people did cooperate."
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
-"to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
-"that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the "
-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
-"people did cooperate."
+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
"Tani, ky sâqe Emacs-i i parë i shkruar në C dhe që xhironte nën Unix. I
pari "
"qe shkruar nga James Gosling, dhe i referoheshin si GosMacs. I ndodhi diçka "
@@ -365,12 +496,20 @@
"bashkëpunuan."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
+#| "manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the "
+#| "community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the "
+#| "right approach to take towards a community — to ask them to join in "
+#| "and make the program better. But after that he seemed to change the "
+#| "spirit, and sold it to a company."
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
@@ -382,7 +521,20 @@
"mendje, dhe ia shiti një shoqërie."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
+#| "operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
+#| "There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however, "
+#| "have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling "
+#| "had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
+#| "proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
+#| "Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was "
+#| "known as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but "
+#| "didn't have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and "
+#| "vital elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, "
+#| "numbers and a few other specialized things."
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -391,7 +543,7 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
@@ -409,7 +561,7 @@
"dhënave në të qenë vargje, numra dhe pak gjëra të tjera speciale."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -426,13 +578,21 @@
"përdoruesit."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of "
+#| "an alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and "
+#| "things would go on with very special data structures that were not safe "
+#| "for garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run "
+#| "any Lisp programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now "
+#| "possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
"Përjashtim qe rishfaqja. Për shumë kohë, rishfaqja qe njëfarë bote
tjetër. "
@@ -443,15 +603,26 @@
"xhirohet kod Lisp gjatë rishfaqjes. Ãka vjen jo pak ndoresh."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
+#| "sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign "
+#| "to make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody "
+#| "should be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working "
+#| "together on software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. "
+#| "That is the basis for the free software movement — the experience I "
+#| "had, the life that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on "
+#| "human knowledge, and not be standing in the way of anybody's further "
+#| "using and further disseminating human knowledge."
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
-"sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
+"sense of the term—it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
-"basis for the free software movement — the experience I had, the life "
-"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on human knowledge, "
+"basis for the free software movement—the experience I had, the life "
+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
"disseminating human knowledge."
msgstr ""
@@ -465,7 +636,7 @@
"zihej rruga cilitdo që përdorte dhe përhapte më tej dijen njerëzore."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
"as other computers that weren't meant for Lisp, except that it would run "
@@ -486,11 +657,21 @@
"i një targe, arrihej në përfundime pa kuptim dhe tek e fundit në
vithisje."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
+#| "other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> "
+#| "instruction would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get "
+#| "the <code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you "
+#| "an immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system "
+#| "for it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being "
+#| "parts written in the microcode. People became interested in manufacturing "
+#| "them, which meant they should start a company."
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
-"other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> instruction "
-"would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
+"other machines, but each instruction—a <code>car</code> instruction "
+"would do data typechecking—so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
"code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate "
"error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was "
"written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in "
@@ -507,15 +688,25 @@
"prodhimi i tyre, që do të thoshte se mund të fillonin një biznes."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
+#| "Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
+#| "This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a "
+#| "way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+#| "<a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
+#| "business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
+#| "doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+#| "outside investment wouldn't work."
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
"This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way "
-"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture <a "
-"href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
-"business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't "
+"have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said "
+"they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
"outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
"Kish dy ide të ndryshme rreth se si mund të ishte shoqëria. Greenblatt-i "
@@ -529,7 +720,7 @@
"grupit nuk kish për të funksionuar."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
@@ -541,7 +732,7 @@
"të keni skrupuj. Dhe në fund, po patët skrupuj, ju heqin nga drejtimi."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
@@ -558,7 +749,7 @@
"që kjo do të funksiononte."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt then recruited Russell Noftsker, the man who had hired me, who "
"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
@@ -579,7 +770,7 @@
"Me investime nga jashtë, pa skrupuj, dhe të gatshëm për gjithçka për
fitoren."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
"start Lisp Machines Inc. anyway and go ahead with their plans. And what do "
@@ -601,7 +792,7 @@
"shkërmoqej, filluan të kërkonin për mënyra se si ta shkatërronin."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
"lab. The abandonment happened when Symbolics hired away all the hackers, "
@@ -630,13 +821,20 @@
"ndodhi."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said to "
-"the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system available "
-"for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. "
-"Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you "
-"can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said "
+#| "to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+#| "available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+#| "system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+#| "and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+msgid ""
+"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>. They "
+"said to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+"available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+"system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+"and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
msgstr ""
"Kështu që Symbolics hartoi një plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. I thanë
"
"laboratorit, “Do të vazhdojmë tâju lejojmë përdorimin e
ndryshimeve "
@@ -645,7 +843,7 @@
"dhe mund ta xhironi, por kjo është e gjitha çka mund të bëni.”"
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This, in effect, meant that they demanded that we had to choose a side, and "
"use either the MIT version of the system or the Symbolics version. "
@@ -667,12 +865,21 @@
"asnjanës."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although "
+#| "it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
+#| "software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
+#| "help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+#| "began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
+#| "machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., "
+#| "the code was my own)."
msgid ""
"Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although it "
"made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
"software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
-"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I "
"began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
"machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the "
"code was my own)."
@@ -686,12 +893,19 @@
"njëvlershme (dmth, kodi qe i imi)."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that it "
-"would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta "
-"announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were "
-"and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that "
+#| "it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+#| "beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the "
+#| "features were and then implement them. By the time they had a real "
+#| "release, I did too."
+msgid ""
+"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>, I came to the conclusion "
+"that it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+"beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features "
+"were and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
msgstr ""
"Pas ca kohësh <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, mbërrita në përfundimin që e
mira "
"e të mirave do të ishte të mos shihja fare në kodin e tyre. Kur njoftonin
"
@@ -700,15 +914,24 @@
"hidhnin faktikisht në qarkullim diçka, po atë bëja edhe unë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp "
+#| "Machines Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want "
+#| "to spend years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. "
+#| "I figured they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were "
+#| "stuck with competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+#| "\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+#| "community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgid ""
"In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend "
"years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured "
"they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with "
-"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href=\"#foot-7\">"
-"(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new community to replace "
-"the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
+"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+"\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+"community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgstr ""
"Në këtë mënyrë, për dy vite, ua pengova ta fshinin nga faqja e dheut
Lisp "
"Machines Incorporated, dhe të dy shoqëritë bënë përpara. Por nuk doja
të "
@@ -719,7 +942,7 @@
"për të zëvendësuar atë që e zhdukën veprimet e tyre dhe të tjera."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Lisp community in the 70s was not limited to the MIT AI Lab, and the "
"hackers were not all at MIT. The war that Symbolics started was what wiped "
@@ -734,11 +957,17 @@
"kushedi çë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. "
+#| "I had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only "
+#| "way that people could work together and share was with a free operating "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I "
-"had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only way "
-"that people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
+"had to make a free operating system, that was clear—the only way that "
+"people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
msgstr ""
"Pasi reshta së ndëshkuari Symbolics-in, mâu desh të gjeja se çâtë
bëja më "
"tej. Duhej të bëja një sistem operativ të lirë, që të qe i kthjellët
— "
@@ -746,7 +975,21 @@
"përmes një sistemi operativ të lirë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
+#| "wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp "
+#| "machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it "
+#| "possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their "
+#| "programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you "
+#| "would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. "
+#| "The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're "
+#| "running one program on a timesharing system — if one program "
+#| "crashes, that's not a disaster, that's something your program "
+#| "occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for writing the operating "
+#| "system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system like the Lisp "
+#| "machine."
msgid ""
"At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
"wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp machine "
@@ -755,7 +998,7 @@
"still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you would be reduced to "
"something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. The programs would be "
"faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're running one program on a "
-"timesharing system — if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
+"timesharing system—if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
"that's something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it "
"good for writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a "
"system like the Lisp machine."
@@ -774,7 +1017,7 @@
"krijimit të një sistemi si një makinë Lisp."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I decided instead to make a Unix-like operating system that would have Lisp "
"implementations to run as user programs. The kernel wouldn't be written in "
@@ -792,7 +1035,7 @@
"madh."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There were people in those days, in 1985, who had one-megabyte machines "
"without virtual memory. They wanted to be able to use GNU Emacs. This meant "
@@ -803,15 +1046,25 @@
"do të thoshte ta mbaja programin sa më të vogël që mundej."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
-"while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of "
-"the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, "
-"or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to "
-"keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ "
-"and so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of "
-"GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
+#| "while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out "
+#| "of the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a "
+#| "throw, or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was "
+#| "pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
+#| "‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything "
+#| "possible” was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, "
+#| "from the beginning."
+msgid ""
+"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was <code>while</code>, "
+"which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of the "
+"<code>while</code> statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, or "
+"test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to keep "
+"things small. We didn't have <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so "
+"on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU "
+"Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
msgstr ""
"Për shembull, në atë kohë e vetmja strukturë ripërsëritëse qe ‘"
"while’, e cila qe fare e thjeshtë. Nuk kish mënyrë për të dalë
nga "
@@ -823,15 +1076,25 @@
"në fillim."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. "
+#| "We put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we "
+#| "might put in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing "
+#| "to extend it some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of "
+#| "common Lisp. I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm "
+#| "not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is "
+#| "keyword arguments <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite "
+#| "Lispy to me; I'll do it sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgid ""
"Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. We "
-"put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we might put "
+"put in <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so on, and we might put "
"in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it "
"some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I "
"implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that happy "
-"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a href="
-"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
+"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
+"href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
"sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgstr ""
"E qartë që sot makinat janë më të mëdha, dhe nuk veprojmë më kështu.
Vëmë "
@@ -844,7 +1107,7 @@
"Do tâi ndërroj ndonjë ditë, por minimizoj kohët kur bëj kështu."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"That was not the end of the GNU projects involved with Lisp. Later on around "
"1995, we were looking into starting a graphical desktop project. It was "
@@ -859,7 +1122,7 @@
"zgjerueshme, njësoj si përpunuesi. Ãështja qe se cila duhej zgjedhur."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, <abbr title=\"Tool Command Language\">TCL</abbr> was being "
"pushed heavily for this purpose. I had a very low opinion of TCL, basically "
@@ -888,7 +1151,7 @@
"zgjerime për krejt programet GNU."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There's an interesting benefit you can get from using such a powerful "
"language as a version of Lisp as your primary extensibility language. You "
@@ -915,18 +1178,34 @@
"dhe do të funksiononte edhe me përshtatje të tjera."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use "
+#| "only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any "
+#| "given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+#| "applications — saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+#| "language into your application, not his language.” Then the users "
+#| "get no choices at all — whichever application they're using comes "
+#| "with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you "
+#| "have a powerful language that can implement others by translating into "
+#| "it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have "
+#| "a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our "
+#| "scheme interpreter, will do. We had a person working last summer "
+#| "finishing up a translator from Python to Scheme. I don't know if it's "
+#| "entirely finished yet, but for anyone interested in this project, please "
+#| "get in touch. So that's the plan we have for the future."
msgid ""
"As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use only "
"the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any given "
-"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of applications "
-"— saying “Please, application developer, put my language into "
-"your application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at "
-"all — whichever application they're using comes with one language and "
-"they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a powerful language "
-"that can implement others by translating into it, then you give the user a "
-"choice of language and we don't have to have a language war anymore. That's "
-"what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
+"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+"applications—saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+"language into your application, not his language.” Then the users get "
+"no choices at all—whichever application they're using comes with one "
+"language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a "
+"powerful language that can implement others by translating into it, then you "
+"give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have a language war "
+"anymore. That's what we're hoping Guile, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
"had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to "
"Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone "
"interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we have "
@@ -949,7 +1228,18 @@
"për të ardhmen."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you "
+#| "a little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to "
+#| "price; it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a "
+#| "copy, or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. "
+#| "The crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study "
+#| "what it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute "
+#| "the copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. "
+#| "This is what free software means. If you are using a non-free program, "
+#| "you have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgid ""
"I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a "
"little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price; it "
@@ -958,7 +1248,7 @@
"thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what it does, "
"free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the copies of "
"others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is what free "
-"software means. If you are using a non-free program, you have lost crucial "
+"software means. If you are using a nonfree program, you have lost crucial "
"freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgstr ""
"Sâkam folur për software-in e lirë, por më lejoni shkurt tâju tregoj
paksa "
@@ -972,12 +1262,22 @@
"përdorni programe jo të lira, keni humbur liri kyçe, ndaj mos e bëni
kurrë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
+#| "freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+#| "software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to "
+#| "reject the non-free software, when that means some practical "
+#| "inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you "
+#| "can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in "
+#| "practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier "
+#| "for you to live in freedom, to cooperate."
msgid ""
"The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
-"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, nonfree software by providing free "
"software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to reject "
-"the non-free software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
+"the nonfree software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
"less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in practical terms. The less "
"sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier for you to live in freedom, "
@@ -994,16 +1294,26 @@
"bashkëpunim."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
+#| "freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
+#| "they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate "
+#| "with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free "
+#| "software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're "
+#| "not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help "
+#| "society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless "
+#| "is the state of users using non-free software."
msgid ""
"This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
"freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
"they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate with "
-"other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free software, "
+"other people as well as free to help yourself. With nonfree software, "
"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
"share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help society, anymore than "
"you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless is the state of users "
-"using non-free software."
+"using nonfree software."
msgstr ""
"Këtu bëhet fjalë për lirinë për të bashkëpunuar. Jemi mësuar tâi
mendojmë "
"lirinë dhe bashkëpunimin me shoqërinë si të jenë të kundërta. Por
këtu janë "
@@ -1015,21 +1325,37 @@
"përdoruesve që përdorin <em>software</em> jo të lirë."
# type: Content of: <p>
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what "
+#| "people said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free "
+#| "software. We have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther "
+#| "to go. So we need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the "
+#| "GNU project; help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at "
+#| "<a href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for "
+#| "how to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the "
+#| "home page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /"
+#| "philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /"
+#| "directory, which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of "
+#| "all the free software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. "
+#| "My book of essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on "
+#| "sale and can be purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</"
+#| "a>. Happy hacking!"
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
"said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We "
"have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we need "
"your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project; help us "
-"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/"
-"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you "
-"want to order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want "
-"to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking "
-"for free software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 "
-"packages now (which is a fraction of all the free software out there). "
-"Please write more and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free "
-"Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be purchased at <a href="
-"\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/help.html"
+"\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you want to "
+"order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want to read "
+"about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking for free "
+"software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 packages now "
+"(which is a fraction of all the free software out there). Please write more "
+"and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free Software and Free "
+"Society,” is on sale and can be purchased at www.gnu.org <a href="
+"\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
msgstr ""
"Kemi prodhuar një segment marramendës software-i të lirë. Kemi bërë ato
që "
"njerëzit thoshin se nuk do tâia dilnim tâi bënim kurrë; kemi dy
sisteme "
@@ -1047,8 +1373,12 @@
"Society”, gjendet në shitje dhe mund të blihet te <a
href=\"http://www.";
"gnu.org/\">www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "Poshtëshënime"
+
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
"I began implementing Emacs (on top of TECO), but after one long joint "
@@ -1063,7 +1393,7 @@
"C. Cicciarelli-n dhe Mike McMahon-in, dhanë ndihmesë thelbësore më vonë."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Bernie Greenberg says that Dan Weinreb's implementation of Emacs for the "
"Lisp Machine came before Greenberg's implementation for Multics. I "
@@ -1074,7 +1404,7 @@
"ndjesë për gabimin."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt's plan, as I understood it, was to hire lab people part time, so "
"that they could continue working at the AI Lab. Symbolics hired them full "
@@ -1086,13 +1416,20 @@
"këta reshtën së punuari në MIT."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the "
+#| "talk, is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at "
+#| "Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp "
+#| "Machine system — even though the contract did not require this. "
+#| "Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
"is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at Symbolics "
-"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine system "
-"— even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan was "
-"to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
+"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine "
+"system—even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan "
+"was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgstr ""
"Rrethanat e këtij plani, të cilat nuk i deklarova shprehimisht gjatë
fjalës "
"sime, qenë që gjatë një periudhe fillestare hacker-at e ish-AI-Lab-it,
ata "
@@ -1102,7 +1439,7 @@
"bashkëpunim."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"It was not that I cared particularly about the fate of LMI, but rather I did "
"not want to let Symbolics gain through its aggression against the AI Lab."
@@ -1111,7 +1448,7 @@
"lejohej Symbolics të përfitonte në kurriz të AI Lab-it me agresionin e
vet."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This statement has been misconstrued as saying that I never, ever looked at "
"Symbolics' code. Actually it says I did look, at first. The Symbolics "
@@ -1124,7 +1461,7 @@
"kjo qe rruga se nga i mora vesh ndryshimet e tyre."
# type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
msgid ""
"But that meant I had to make a special effort to solve each problem "
"differently, in order to avoid copying Symbolics code. After a while, I "
@@ -1138,7 +1475,7 @@
"çâpërmbante kodi i Symbolics-it."
# type: Content of: <ol><li>
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Symbolics at one point protested to MIT that my work, by thwarting their "
"plan, had cost Symbolics a million dollars."
@@ -1146,7 +1483,7 @@
"Symbolics në një rast protestoi te MIT se puna ime, duke u prishur planin,
i "
"kish kushtuar Symbolics-it një milion dollarë."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I don't mind if a very complex and heavyweight function takes keyword "
"arguments. What bothers me is making simple basic functions such as “"
@@ -1156,6 +1493,21 @@
"argumente fjalëkyçe. Ajo që më bezdis është të bësh funksione të
thjeshtë "
"elementarë të tillë si “member” tâi përdorin ato."
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This essay is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+#| "software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+#| "Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-"
+"edition\"> GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"Kjo sprovë është botuar te <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+"software-free-society/\"> <cite>Software i Lirë, Shoqëri e Lirë: Sprova
të "
+"Përzgjedhura të Richard M. Stallman-it</cite></a>."
+
# type: Content of: <div>
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -1177,6 +1529,7 @@
"të dërgohen te <a href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu."
"org></a>."
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -1184,14 +1537,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Përpiqemi fort dhe bëjmë sa mundemi për të ofruar përkthime me cilësi
të "
@@ -1204,8 +1562,11 @@
# type: Content of: <div><p>
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Të drejta kopjimi © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software "
"Foundation, Inc."
Index: po/rms-lisp.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.22
retrieving revision 1.23
diff -u -b -r1.22 -r1.23
--- po/rms-lisp.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:43 -0000 1.22
+++ po/rms-lisp.uk.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.23
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: rms-lisp.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2016-08-04 08:20+0200\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <>\n"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
"X-Generator: Lokalize 2.0\n"
@@ -28,19 +29,23 @@
"ÐÑй доÑвÑд ÑобоÑи з ÐsÑпом Ñ ÑозвиÑок GNU Emacs
- ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд вÑлÑного "
"пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr "ÐÑй доÑвÑд ÑобоÑи з ÐÑÑпом Ñ ÑозвиÑок
GNU Emacs"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the "
+#| "International Lisp Conference)."
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr ""
"(ÐÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ñомови Ð ÑÑаÑда СÑолмена,
виголоÑÐµÐ½Ð¾Ñ 28 жовÑÐ½Ñ 2002 ÑÐ¾ÐºÑ "
"на ÐÑжнаÑоднÑй конÑеÑенÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÐÑÑпÑ)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -53,17 +58,29 @@
"доводилоÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑваÑи доÑиÑÑ Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñо
ÑобоÑи, пов'ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð· ÐÑÑпом, Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ðµ, "
"мабÑÑÑ, Ñ Ñо ÑозказаÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
+#| "school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
+#| "computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
+#| "with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
+#| "interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</"
+#| "abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of "
+#| "memory — and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand "
+#| "instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was "
+#| "before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system "
+#| "jobs."
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. "
-"It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of memory "
-"— and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. "
-"This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to "
-"see what real software was like, that did real system jobs."
+"It was a very small machine—it had something like 8k of memory—"
+"and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. This gave "
+"me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to see what "
+"real software was like, that did real system jobs."
msgstr ""
"ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÑа зÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· ÐÑÑпом ÑÑалаÑÑ, коли Ñ
пÑоÑиÑав поÑÑбник ÐÑÑп 1.5 Ñ "
"ÑÑаÑÑиÑ
клаÑаÑ
. Саме ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ðµ вÑазила
ÑдеÑ, Ñо може бÑÑи Ñака мова "
@@ -75,13 +92,20 @@
"дÑзнавÑÑ, Ñк виглÑдаÑÑÑ ÑпÑавжнÑ
пÑогÑами, ÑÐºÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑ ÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð¶Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ñ "
"завданнÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
+#| "started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
+#| "\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by "
+#| "JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+#| "come — he must have really regretted that day."
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
"\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by JonL, "
-"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to come "
-"— he must have really regretted that day."
+"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
"Я поÑав виконÑваÑи ÑобоÑи над ÑпÑавжнÑоÑ
ÑеалÑзаÑÑÑÑ ÐÑÑпа з Ðжоном-РУайÑом "
"вÑдÑазÑ, коли мене пÑийнÑли Ñ <abbr
title=\"Massachusetts Institute of "
@@ -89,7 +113,7 @@
"бÑло велÑми ÑÑонÑÑно з оглÑÐ´Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñе, Ñо
ÑÑапилоÑÑ Ð·Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ — вÑн, "
"вÑÑогÑдно, ÑилÑно пÑо Ñе ÑкодÑвав."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -115,7 +139,7 @@
"ÑÐ°Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð° бÑло
пÑогÑамÑваÑи. Я не знаÑ, Ñи Ñе бÑла пеÑÑа "
"Ñака ÑиÑÑема, але Ñе ÑоÑно бÑв пеÑÑий
Ñакий ÑедакÑоÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
@@ -140,19 +164,32 @@
"ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑÑ Ð² ÐабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑного
ÑнÑелекÑÑ Ð¿Ñивела до ÑÑвоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Emacs Ñ "
"зÑобила його Ñаким, Ñким вÑн бÑв."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
+#| "non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+#| "wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
+#| "title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, "
+#| "and was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
+#| "be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "it was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands "
+#| "like ‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘"
+#| "i’ and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You "
+#| "would type a string that was a series of commands, which was called a "
+#| "command string. You would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. "
"The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was "
"designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
"У пеÑвÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Emacs ÐÑÑпа не бÑло. ÐовоÑ
низÑкого ÑÑÐ²Ð½Ñ — "
"неÑÑеÑпÑеÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð±Ñв
аÑÐµÐ¼Ð±Ð»ÐµÑ PDP-10. ÐнÑеÑпÑеÑаÑоÑ, Ñкий "
@@ -167,18 +204,31 @@
"ÑÑдком. ÐÑн завеÑÑÑвавÑÑ Ñимволами <em>ESC</em>
<em>ESC</em>, Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ "
"поÑлÑдовнÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑвалаÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, "
+#| "so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping "
+#| "construct, which was < >. You would put those around things and it "
+#| "would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+#| "conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</"
+#| "a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+#| "sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+#| "their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code "
+#| "so they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather "
+#| "sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect "
+#| "facility from TECO."
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would loop. "
-"There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally exit "
-"the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added facilities to "
-"have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the "
-"subroutines could only have single letters as their names. That was hard to "
-"program big programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. "
-"Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp "
-"got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">[1]"
+"</a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+"sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+"their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so "
+"they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
+"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑÑм лÑди Ñ
оÑÑли доповниÑи ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ñ
заÑобами пÑогÑамÑваннÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ додали "
"деÑÐºÑ Ð·Ð°Ñоби. ÐапÑиклад, однÑÑÑ Ð· пеÑÑиÑ
бÑла додана конÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑ ÑиклÑ, Ñе "
@@ -191,10 +241,20 @@
"назви. ÐаÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð´Ñ Ñам бÑли Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ñ
иÑÑомÑдÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ñоби; здаÑÑÑÑÑ, заÑÑб “"
"unwind-protect” ÐÑÑп запозиÑив з TECO."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the "
+#| "ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were "
+#| "able to write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a "
+#| "language like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "was the wrong way to go. The language that you build your extensions on "
+#| "shouldn't be thought of as a programming language in afterthought; it "
+#| "should be designed as a programming language. In fact, we discovered that "
+#| "the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -211,18 +271,30 @@
"пÑоекÑÑваÑи Ñк Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑваннÑ.
ФакÑиÑно, ми виÑвили, Ñо найкÑаÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ "
"пÑогÑамÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑиÑ
ÑÑлей бÑв ÐÑÑп."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
-"a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his "
-"commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was "
-"written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success — "
-"programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the secretaries "
-"in his office started learning how to use it. They used a manual someone had "
-"written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say it was a "
-"programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do programming, "
-"weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could do useful "
-"things and they learned to program."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">"
+#| "(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote "
+#| "his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself "
+#| "was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success "
+#| "— programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the "
+#| "secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+#| "manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+#| "say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't "
+#| "do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they "
+#| "could do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgid ""
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href="
+"\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he "
+"wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor "
+"itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great "
+"success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that even "
+"the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+"manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say "
+"it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
msgstr ""
"Це вÑдкÑив ÐеÑÐ½Ñ ÐÑÑнбеÑг <a
href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>. ÐÑн напиÑав "
"веÑÑÑÑ Emacs на MacLisp в Multics, Ñ Ð²Ñн пиÑав ÑвоÑ
пÑогÑами на MacLisp "
@@ -235,16 +307,27 @@
"вÑдлÑкÑвало. Ðони ÑиÑали поÑÑбник,
виÑвлÑли, Ñо можÑÑÑ ÑобиÑи ÑоÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑне, "
"Ñ Ð²ÑилиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑваÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
-"useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend "
-"by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to "
-"learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are "
-"useful for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
+#| "useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could "
+#| "extend by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for "
+#| "people to learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small "
+#| "programs that are useful for them, which in most arenas you can't "
+#| "possibly do. They can get encouragement for their own practical use "
+#| "— at the stage where it's the hardest — where they don't "
+#| "believe they can program, until they get to the point where they are "
+#| "programmers."
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑож, ÐеÑÐ½Ñ Ð·ÑозÑмÑв, Ñо заÑÑоÑÑнок —
пÑогÑама, Ñка ÑобиÑÑ ÑоÑÑ "
"коÑиÑне Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð²ÑеÑÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ñ ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð±Ñв
ÐÑÑп Ñ ÑÐºÑ Ð²Ð¸ можеÑе "
@@ -256,30 +339,55 @@
"пÑогÑамÑваÑи,— поки вони не дÑйдÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾
ÑоÑки, в ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ вже ÑÑали "
"пÑогÑамÑÑÑами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like "
+#| "this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
+#| "implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
+#| "— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
+#| "implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+#| "written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
+#| "couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+#| "especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed "
+#| "a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the "
+#| "lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor "
+#| "were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we "
+#| "had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously "
+#| "practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high "
+#| "level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them "
+#| "into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a "
+#| "paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph, "
+#| "because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at "
+#| "the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+#| "writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by "
+#| "putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
+#| "the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, "
+#| "but certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be "
+#| "written at a lower level."
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
"on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp implementation. "
-"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter — it was a "
-"full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to implement something "
-"like that on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp "
-"compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the "
-"whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if "
-"it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The "
-"idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor "
-"together, so that parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those "
-"would be whatever parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique "
-"that we had already consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because "
-"there were certain fairly high level features which we re-implemented in "
-"machine language, making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was "
-"a TECO primitive to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of "
-"filling a paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the "
-"job would be done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the "
-"whole job by writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized "
-"it by putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
-"the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but "
-"certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a "
-"lower level."
+"Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter—it was a full-"
+"fledged Lisp system—but people wanted to implement something like that "
+"on other systems where they had not already written a Lisp compiler. Well, "
+"if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you couldn't write the whole editor in "
+"Lisp—it would be too slow, especially redisplay, if it had to run "
+"interpreted Lisp. So we developed a hybrid technique. The idea was to write "
+"a Lisp interpreter and the lower level parts of the editor together, so that "
+"parts of the editor were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever "
+"parts we felt we had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already "
+"consciously practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain "
+"fairly high level features which we re-implemented in machine language, "
+"making them into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive "
+"to fill a paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a "
+"paragraph, because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be "
+"done at the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+"writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting "
+"part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in the hybrid "
+"technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain "
+"parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be written at a lower "
+"level."
msgstr ""
"У Ñей Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð»Ñди поÑали мÑÑкÑваÑи, Ñк
оÑÑимаÑи ÑоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñбне на плаÑÑоÑмÑ, "
"де Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
не бÑло Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑеалÑзаÑÑÑ ÐÑÑпа. У
MacLisp Ð´Ð»Ñ Multics бÑв "
@@ -304,16 +412,25 @@
"бÑде напиÑана на ÐÑÑпÑ, але Ð¿ÐµÐ²Ð½Ñ Ð¹Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
ÑаÑÑини, ÑÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑбно бÑло виконÑваÑи "
"оÑобливо Ñвидко, бÑдÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°
низÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑвнÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
+#| "same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
+#| "anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs "
+#| "to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but "
+#| "I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
+#| "— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+#| "writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
+#| "windows."
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
-"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
-"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
-"windows."
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C—"
+"manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and writing "
+"files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor windows."
msgstr ""
"Таким Ñином, коли Ñ Ð¿Ð¸Ñав ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð´ÑÑгÑ
ÑеалÑзаÑÑÑ Emacs, Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑимÑвавÑÑ ÑÑÑÑ "
"ÑÑ
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маÑÐ¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ, Ñе бÑв СÑ. Ð¡Ñ "
@@ -324,20 +441,34 @@
"вÑÑавка ÑекÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° поÑаÑок, ÑиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñ
ÑайлÑв, Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑÑеÑа на "
"екÑанÑ, ÑпÑавлÑÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð²Ñкнами ÑедакÑоÑа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. "
+#| "The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
+#| "strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
+#| "influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
+#| "Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone "
+#| "wanted to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
+#| "which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
+#| "that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with "
+#| "the rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” "
+#| "so we could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as "
+#| "I know people did cooperate."
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
-"to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
-"that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the "
-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
-"people did cooperate."
+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
"ÐоÑеÑÑ Ñе бÑв не пеÑÑий Emacs, напиÑаний на
Ð¡Ñ Ñ Ð¿ÑаÑÑвав в Unix. ÐеÑÑий бÑв "
"напиÑаний ÐжеймÑом ÐоÑлÑнгом, його
називали GosMacs. РниÑ
вийÑла дивна "
@@ -353,12 +484,20 @@
"коÑиÑÑÑ. ÐÑÑ
Ñо нÑколи не намагавÑÑ
ÑÑежиÑи за доÑÑиманнÑм ÑÑого, але "
"наÑкÑлÑки Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ, лÑди дÑйÑно
ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑвали."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
+#| "manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the "
+#| "community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the "
+#| "right approach to take towards a community — to ask them to join in "
+#| "and make the program better. But after that he seemed to change the "
+#| "spirit, and sold it to a company."
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
@@ -369,7 +508,20 @@
"пÑиÑднаÑиÑÑ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑпÑÑваÑи пÑогÑамÑ. Ðле
пÑÑÐ»Ñ ÑÑого його ÑÑавленнÑ, "
"здаÑÑÑÑÑ, змÑнилоÑÑ, Ñ Ð²Ñн пÑодав пÑогÑамÑ
однÑй компанÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
+#| "operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
+#| "There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however, "
+#| "have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling "
+#| "had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
+#| "proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
+#| "Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was "
+#| "known as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but "
+#| "didn't have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and "
+#| "vital elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, "
+#| "numbers and a few other specialized things."
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -378,7 +530,7 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
@@ -395,7 +547,7 @@
"важливиÑ
елеменÑÑв ÐÑÑпа. Ðого
ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑами даниÑ
бÑли ÑÑдки, ÑиÑла Ñ Ð´ÐµÑкÑ
"
"ÑнÑÑ ÑпеÑÑалÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð±'ÑкÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -410,13 +562,21 @@
"Ð²Ð¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð²Ð½ÑÑÑÑÑнÑÑ
ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
ÑедакÑоÑа Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð½ÑпÑлÑÑÑй ними Ñ "
"коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑкиÑ
пÑогÑамаÑ
на ÐÑÑпÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of "
+#| "an alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and "
+#| "things would go on with very special data structures that were not safe "
+#| "for garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run "
+#| "any Lisp programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now "
+#| "possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
"Ðдиним винÑÑком бÑло вÑдобÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°
диÑплеÑ. Ðовгий ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° "
@@ -427,15 +587,26 @@
" заÑаз можна виконÑваÑи пÑогÑами на
ÐÑÑÐ¿Ñ Ð¿Ñд ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑемалÑовÑваннÑ. Це "
"дÑже зÑÑÑно."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
+#| "sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign "
+#| "to make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody "
+#| "should be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working "
+#| "together on software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. "
+#| "That is the basis for the free software movement — the experience I "
+#| "had, the life that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on "
+#| "human knowledge, and not be standing in the way of anybody's further "
+#| "using and further disseminating human knowledge."
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
-"sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
+"sense of the term—it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
-"basis for the free software movement — the experience I had, the life "
-"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on human knowledge, "
+"basis for the free software movement—the experience I had, the life "
+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
"disseminating human knowledge."
msgstr ""
@@ -450,7 +621,7 @@
"не ÑÑовбиÑÑе Ð½Ñ Ð² кого на ÑлÑÑ
Ñ Ð´Ð¾
подалÑÑого заÑÑоÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñа подалÑÑого "
"поÑиÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð»ÑдÑÑкого знаннÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
"as other computers that weren't meant for Lisp, except that it would run "
@@ -470,11 +641,21 @@
"взÑÑи <code>car</code> вÑд ÑиÑла, Ñе пÑизводило до
безглÑздиÑ
ÑезÑлÑÑаÑÑв Ñ "
"вÑеÑÑÑ-ÑеÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¸-небÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿Ñизводило до
збоÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
+#| "other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> "
+#| "instruction would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get "
+#| "the <code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you "
+#| "an immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system "
+#| "for it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being "
+#| "parts written in the microcode. People became interested in manufacturing "
+#| "them, which meant they should start a company."
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
-"other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> instruction "
-"would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
+"other machines, but each instruction—a <code>car</code> instruction "
+"would do data typechecking—so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
"code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate "
"error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was "
"written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in "
@@ -489,15 +670,25 @@
"бÑла напиÑана на ÐÑÑпÑ, за винÑÑком
ÑаÑÑин, запиÑаниÑ
в мÑкÑокодÑ. Ðиник "
"ÑнÑеÑÐµÑ Ð´Ð¾ виÑобниÑÑва маÑин, а Ñе
ознаÑало, Ñо поÑÑÑбно ÑÑвоÑиÑи компанÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
+#| "Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
+#| "This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a "
+#| "way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+#| "<a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
+#| "business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
+#| "doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+#| "outside investment wouldn't work."
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
"This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way "
-"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture <a "
-"href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
-"business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't "
+"have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said "
+"they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
"outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑло два ÑÑзниÑ
ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо Ñе, ÑкоÑ
повинна бÑÑи ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÑÑ. ÐÑÑÐ½Ð±Ð»ÐµÑ "
@@ -509,7 +700,7 @@
"вони ÑÑмнÑваÑÑÑÑÑ Ð² його ÑпÑоможноÑÑÑ Ñе
зÑобиÑи. Ðони дÑмали, Ñо ÑникнÑÑи "
"зовнÑÑнÑÑ
капÑÑаловкладенÑ, Ñк вÑн
планÑвав, не вдаÑÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
@@ -521,7 +712,7 @@
"дозволÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ бÑÑи педанÑиÑним; а ÑкÑо ви
ÑкÑлÑки-небÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿ÐµÐ´Ð°Ð½ÑиÑнÑ, Ñо "
"вони вÑеÑÑÑ-ÑеÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° кеÑÑвнÑ
поÑÐ°Ð´Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾-небÑÐ´Ñ ÑнÑого."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
@@ -536,7 +727,7 @@
"Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´ÐµÐºÑлÑкоÑ
маÑин, пÑодаÑи ÑÑ
, а поÑÑм
кÑпиÑи комплекÑÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±ÑлÑÑого "
"ÑиÑла маÑин Ñ Ñак далÑ. ÐнÑÑ Ð»Ñди з гÑÑпи
дÑмали, Ñо Ñак пÑаÑÑваÑи не вийде."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt then recruited Russell Noftsker, the man who had hired me, who "
"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
@@ -556,7 +747,7 @@
"“Symbolics”, залÑÑаÑи зовнÑÑнÑй капÑÑал,
не бÑÑи педанÑиÑними Ñ "
"ÑобиÑи вÑе можливе, Ñоб пеÑемогÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
"start Lisp Machines Inc. anyway and go ahead with their plans. And what do "
@@ -578,7 +769,7 @@
"зÑозÑмÑли, Ñо LMI не дÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð»ÑÑаÑи в ÑÑÑбÑ,
вони ÑÑали ÑÑкаÑи ÑпоÑоби "
"зÑÑйнÑваÑи ÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
"lab. The abandonment happened when Symbolics hired away all the hackers, "
@@ -605,13 +796,20 @@
"ÐÑÑпÑв, ÑÐºÑ Ð»ÑÑензÑвали Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð´Ð²Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÑÑ.
ÐÑÑ
Ñо не пеÑедбаÑав, Ñо гÑÑÐ¿Ñ "
"Ñ
акеÑÑв ÐабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑного ÑнÑелекÑÑ
ÑозженÑÑÑ, але Ñак Ñ ÑÑалоÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said to "
-"the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system available "
-"for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine system. "
-"Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, and you "
-"can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. They said "
+#| "to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+#| "available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+#| "system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+#| "and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
+msgid ""
+"So Symbolics came up with a plan <a href=\"#foot-4\">[4]</a>. They "
+"said to the lab, “We will continue making our changes to the system "
+"available for you to use, but you can't put it into the MIT Lisp machine "
+"system. Instead, we'll give you access to Symbolics' Lisp machine system, "
+"and you can run it, but that's all you can do.”"
msgstr ""
"ÐÑже, в Symbolics дозÑÑв план <a
href=\"#foot-4\">(4)</a>. Ðони Ñказали "
"лабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ: “Ðи пÑодовжимо надаваÑи Ñ
ваÑе коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð¼Ñни в "
@@ -619,7 +817,7 @@
"ÐамÑÑÑÑ ÑÑого ми надамо вам доÑÑÑп до
ÑиÑÑеми маÑини ÐÑÑпа Symbolics, Ñ Ð²Ð¸ "
"зможеÑе пÑаÑÑваÑи на нÑй, але Ñе вÑе, Ñо ви
можеÑе ÑобиÑи."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This, in effect, meant that they demanded that we had to choose a side, and "
"use either the MIT version of the system or the Symbolics version. "
@@ -639,12 +837,21 @@
"ÑозÑмÑли, Ñо з наÑого Ð±Ð¾ÐºÑ Ñе бÑло б
пÑдÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐºÐ¾Ñ LMI, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо ми допомагали б "
"Ñм пÑодовжÑваÑи ÑÑнÑваннÑ. ÐÑож, нам не
дозволили залиÑаÑиÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÑалÑними."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although "
+#| "it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
+#| "software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
+#| "help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+#| "began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
+#| "machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., "
+#| "the code was my own)."
msgid ""
"Up until that point, I hadn't taken the side of either company, although it "
"made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
"software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
-"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+"help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">[5]</a>—I "
"began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
"machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., the "
"code was my own)."
@@ -657,12 +864,19 @@
"Symbolics. Я пиÑав еквÑваленÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑпÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñам
(ÑобÑо ÑекÑÑи пÑогÑам бÑли "
"моÑми влаÑними)."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that it "
-"would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a beta "
-"announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features were "
-"and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a>, I came to the conclusion that "
+#| "it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+#| "beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the "
+#| "features were and then implement them. By the time they had a real "
+#| "release, I did too."
+msgid ""
+"After a while <a href=\"#foot-6\">[6]</a>, I came to the conclusion "
+"that it would be best if I didn't even look at their code. When they made a "
+"beta announcement that gave the release notes, I would see what the features "
+"were and then implement them. By the time they had a real release, I did too."
msgstr ""
"ЧеÑез деÑкий ÑÐ°Ñ <a href=\"#foot-6\">(6)</a> Ñ
пÑийÑов до виÑновкÑ, Ñо "
"бÑло б найкÑаÑе, Ñкби Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð²ÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ заглÑдав
Ñ ÑÑ
Ð½Ñ ÑекÑÑи. Ðоли вони Ñобили "
@@ -670,15 +884,24 @@
"ÑÐºÑ Ñам бÑли ÑÑнкÑÑÑ, а поÑÑм впÑоваджÑвав
ÑÑ
. Ðо Ñого ÑаÑÑ, Ñк вони "
"випÑÑкали оÑÑаÑоÑÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ, Ñ Ñеж
випÑÑкав ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp "
+#| "Machines Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want "
+#| "to spend years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. "
+#| "I figured they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were "
+#| "stuck with competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+#| "\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+#| "community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgid ""
"In this way, for two years, I prevented them from wiping out Lisp Machines "
"Incorporated, and the two companies went on. But, I didn't want to spend "
"years and years punishing someone, just thwarting an evil deed. I figured "
"they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were stuck with "
-"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href=\"#foot-7\">"
-"(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new community to replace "
-"the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
+"competition that was not leaving or going to disappear <a href="
+"\"#foot-7\">[7]</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
+"community to replace the one that their actions and others had wiped out."
msgstr ""
"Таким Ñином, пÑоÑÑгом двоÑ
ÑокÑв Ñ Ð½Ðµ
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"компанÑÑ Ð¿ÑодовжÑвали ÑобоÑÑ. Ðле Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñ
оÑÑв виÑÑаÑаÑи Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð³Ñ Ñоки на Ñе, Ñоб "
@@ -688,7 +911,7 @@
"поÑаÑи облаÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
ÑпÑвÑоваÑиÑÑва замÑÑÑÑ Ñого, Ñке бÑло
зниÑено "
"ÑÑ
нÑми дÑÑми Ñа дÑÑми ÑнÑиÑ
."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"The Lisp community in the 70s was not limited to the MIT AI Lab, and the "
"hackers were not all at MIT. The war that Symbolics started was what wiped "
@@ -703,18 +926,38 @@
"Ñ ÑнÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÑ. ÐÑли лÑди, ÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑипинÑли
ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑ, Ñ Ð²Ñе Ñе Ñазом ÑпÑÑÑоÑило "
"наÑе ÑпÑвÑоваÑиÑÑво, Ñ Ð²Ñд нÑого майже
нÑÑого не залиÑилоÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. "
+#| "I had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only "
+#| "way that people could work together and share was with a free operating "
+#| "system."
msgid ""
"Once I stopped punishing Symbolics, I had to figure out what to do next. I "
-"had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only way "
-"that people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
+"had to make a free operating system, that was clear—the only way that "
+"people could work together and share was with a free operating system."
msgstr ""
"Ðоли Ñ Ð¿Ñипинив каÑаÑи Symbolics, менÑ
довелоÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°Ð´ÑваÑи, Ñо ÑобиÑи далÑ. "
"ÐÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑбно бÑло зÑобиÑи вÑлÑнÑ
опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑ, Ñе бÑло ÑÑно "
" Ñдиним ÑпоÑобом даÑи лÑдÑм ÑпÑлÑно
пÑаÑÑваÑи Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÑнÑваÑиÑÑ Ð±Ñла "
"вÑлÑна опеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
+#| "wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp "
+#| "machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it "
+#| "possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their "
+#| "programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you "
+#| "would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. "
+#| "The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're "
+#| "running one program on a timesharing system — if one program "
+#| "crashes, that's not a disaster, that's something your program "
+#| "occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for writing the operating "
+#| "system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system like the Lisp "
+#| "machine."
msgid ""
"At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
"wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp machine "
@@ -723,7 +966,7 @@
"still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you would be reduced to "
"something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. The programs would be "
"faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're running one program on a "
-"timesharing system — if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
+"timesharing system—if one program crashes, that's not a disaster, "
"that's something your program occasionally does. But that didn't make it "
"good for writing the operating system in, so I rejected the idea of making a "
"system like the Lisp machine."
@@ -741,7 +984,7 @@
"ÑиÑÑемÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð²ÑдмовивÑÑ Ð²Ñд дÑмки пÑо
Ñе, Ñоб зÑобиÑи ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð° взÑÑеÑÑ "
"маÑини ÐÑÑпа."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"I decided instead to make a Unix-like operating system that would have Lisp "
"implementations to run as user programs. The kernel wouldn't be written in "
@@ -757,7 +1000,7 @@
"Emacs. РпÑоÑеÑÑ ÑÑого Ñ Ð¿ÑагнÑв зÑобиÑи
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"ÑеалÑзаÑÑÑ ÐÑÑпа. РозмÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑам мав
надзвиÑайне знаÑеннÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There were people in those days, in 1985, who had one-megabyte machines "
"without virtual memory. They wanted to be able to use GNU Emacs. This meant "
@@ -768,15 +1011,25 @@
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обмежÑваÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ ÑкнайменÑим "
"ÑозмÑÑом."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
-"while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of "
-"the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, "
-"or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to "
-"keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ "
-"and so on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of "
-"GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For instance, at the time the only looping construct was ‘"
+#| "while’, which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out "
+#| "of the ‘while’ statement, you just had to do a catch and a "
+#| "throw, or test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was "
+#| "pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
+#| "‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything "
+#| "possible” was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, "
+#| "from the beginning."
+msgid ""
+"For instance, at the time the only looping construct was <code>while</code>, "
+"which was extremely simple. There was no way to break out of the "
+"<code>while</code> statement, you just had to do a catch and a throw, or "
+"test a variable that ran the loop. That shows how far I was pushing to keep "
+"things small. We didn't have <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so "
+"on; “squeeze out everything possible” was the spirit of GNU "
+"Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, from the beginning."
msgstr ""
"ÐапÑиклад, Ñ Ñой ÑÐ°Ñ ÑÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиклÑÑноÑ
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@@ -786,15 +1039,25 @@
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дÑÑ
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"GNU Emacs Ñ Ð¹Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐÑÑп з Ñамого поÑаÑкÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. "
+#| "We put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we "
+#| "might put in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing "
+#| "to extend it some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of "
+#| "common Lisp. I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm "
+#| "not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is "
+#| "keyword arguments <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite "
+#| "Lispy to me; I'll do it sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgid ""
"Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. We "
-"put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we might put "
+"put in <code>caar</code> and <code>cadr</code> and so on, and we might put "
"in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing to extend it "
"some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of common Lisp. I "
"implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm not all that happy "
-"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a href="
-"\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
+"with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is keyword arguments <a "
+"href=\"#foot-8\">[8]</a>. They don't seem quite Lispy to me; I'll do it "
"sometimes but I minimize the times when I do that."
msgstr ""
"ÐÑозÑмÑло, маÑин заÑаз бÑлÑÑе Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ вже Ñак
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@@ -807,7 +1070,7 @@
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пиÑÑ Ñак, але Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¶Ñ Ð´Ð¾ мÑнÑмÑÐ¼Ñ "
"кÑлÑкÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÑв, коли Ñ Ñе ÑоблÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"That was not the end of the GNU projects involved with Lisp. Later on around "
"1995, we were looking into starting a graphical desktop project. It was "
@@ -822,7 +1085,7 @@
"легко ÑозÑиÑÑваноÑ, Ñк ÑедакÑоÑ. ÐоÑÑало
пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо Ñе, ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð° бÑÑи "
"мова."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, <abbr title=\"Tool Command Language\">TCL</abbr> was being "
"pushed heavily for this purpose. I had a very low opinion of TCL, basically "
@@ -849,7 +1112,7 @@
"ÑпÑоекÑований Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ñки
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Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑ ÑозÑиÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑ
пÑогÑам GNU."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"There's an interesting benefit you can get from using such a powerful "
"language as a version of Lisp as your primary extensibility language. You "
@@ -875,18 +1138,34 @@
"надбÑдовÑваÑи його пÑд ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑлÑÐ±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ñ
Ñ Ð²Ñн пÑаÑÑвав би Ñ Ð· ÑнÑими "
"надбÑдовами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use "
+#| "only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any "
+#| "given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+#| "applications — saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+#| "language into your application, not his language.” Then the users "
+#| "get no choices at all — whichever application they're using comes "
+#| "with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you "
+#| "have a powerful language that can implement others by translating into "
+#| "it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have "
+#| "a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our "
+#| "scheme interpreter, will do. We had a person working last summer "
+#| "finishing up a translator from Python to Scheme. I don't know if it's "
+#| "entirely finished yet, but for anyone interested in this project, please "
+#| "get in touch. So that's the plan we have for the future."
msgid ""
"As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use only "
"the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any given "
-"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of applications "
-"— saying “Please, application developer, put my language into "
-"your application, not his language.” Then the users get no choices at "
-"all — whichever application they're using comes with one language and "
-"they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a powerful language "
-"that can implement others by translating into it, then you give the user a "
-"choice of language and we don't have to have a language war anymore. That's "
-"what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
+"language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+"applications—saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+"language into your application, not his language.” Then the users get "
+"no choices at all—whichever application they're using comes with one "
+"language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you have a "
+"powerful language that can implement others by translating into it, then you "
+"give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have a language war "
+"anymore. That's what we're hoping Guile, our scheme interpreter, will do. We "
"had a person working last summer finishing up a translator from Python to "
"Scheme. I don't know if it's entirely finished yet, but for anyone "
"interested in this project, please get in touch. So that's the plan we have "
@@ -907,7 +1186,18 @@
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ÑоÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÑкавлений Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ,
неÑ
ай зв'ÑжеÑÑÑÑ. ÐÑÑ ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ "
"плани на майбÑÑнÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you "
+#| "a little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to "
+#| "price; it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a "
+#| "copy, or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. "
+#| "The crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study "
+#| "what it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute "
+#| "the copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. "
+#| "This is what free software means. If you are using a non-free program, "
+#| "you have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgid ""
"I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you a "
"little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to price; it "
@@ -916,7 +1206,7 @@
"thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study what it does, "
"free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute the copies of "
"others and free to publish improved, extended versions. This is what free "
-"software means. If you are using a non-free program, you have lost crucial "
+"software means. If you are using a nonfree program, you have lost crucial "
"freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgstr ""
"Я не говоÑив пÑо вÑлÑне пÑогÑамне
забезпеÑеннÑ, але дозволÑÑе Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑко "
@@ -930,12 +1220,22 @@
"ознаÑÐ°Ñ Ð²ÑлÑна пÑогÑама. ЯкÑо ви
коÑиÑÑÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамоÑ, Ñо ви "
"вÑÑаÑили жиÑÑÑво Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ñ ÑвободÑ, ÑомÑ
нÑколи ÑÑого не ÑобÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
+#| "freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+#| "software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to "
+#| "reject the non-free software, when that means some practical "
+#| "inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you "
+#| "can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in "
+#| "practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier "
+#| "for you to live in freedom, to cooperate."
msgid ""
"The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
-"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+"freedom-trampling, user-dominating, nonfree software by providing free "
"software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to reject "
-"the non-free software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
+"the nonfree software, when that means some practical inconvenience, what we "
"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
"less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in practical terms. The less "
"sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier for you to live in freedom, "
@@ -950,16 +1250,26 @@
"пÑакÑиÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑенÑÑ. Чим менÑÑ Ð¶ÐµÑÑви, Ñим
кÑаÑе. Ðи Ñ
оÑемо полегÑиÑи Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ "
"ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑ Ñ Ð²ÑлÑне жиÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
+#| "freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
+#| "they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate "
+#| "with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free "
+#| "software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're "
+#| "not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help "
+#| "society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless "
+#| "is the state of users using non-free software."
msgid ""
"This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
"freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
"they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate with "
-"other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free software, "
+"other people as well as free to help yourself. With nonfree software, "
"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
"share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help society, anymore than "
"you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless is the state of users "
-"using non-free software."
+"using nonfree software."
msgstr ""
"СпÑвпÑаÑÑ — Ñе пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñвободи. Ðи
звикли дÑмаÑи пÑо ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ "
"ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑ Ð· ÑоваÑиÑÑвом Ñк пÑо
пÑоÑилежноÑÑÑ. Ðле в Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ на
"
@@ -970,21 +1280,37 @@
"допомогÑи Ñамим ÑобÑ. Роз'ÑднанÑÑÑÑ Ñ
безпоÑаднÑÑÑÑ ÑÑан "
"коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв, ÑÐºÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÑоÑовÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑнÑ
пÑогÑами."
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what "
+#| "people said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free "
+#| "software. We have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther "
+#| "to go. So we need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the "
+#| "GNU project; help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at "
+#| "<a href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for "
+#| "how to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the "
+#| "home page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /"
+#| "philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /"
+#| "directory, which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of "
+#| "all the free software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. "
+#| "My book of essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on "
+#| "sale and can be purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</"
+#| "a>. Happy hacking!"
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
"said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free software. We "
"have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we need "
"your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the GNU project; help us "
-"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/"
-"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you "
-"want to order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want "
-"to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking "
-"for free software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 "
-"packages now (which is a fraction of all the free software out there). "
-"Please write more and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free "
-"Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be purchased at <a href="
-"\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/help.html"
+"\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you want to "
+"order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want to read "
+"about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking for free "
+"software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 packages now "
+"(which is a fraction of all the free software out there). Please write more "
+"and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free Software and Free "
+"Society,” is on sale and can be purchased at www.gnu.org <a href="
+"\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
msgstr ""
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@@ -1002,7 +1328,13 @@
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href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. ÐÑÑого "
"найкÑаÑого!"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnotes"
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "ÐиноÑки"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
"I began implementing Emacs (on top of TECO), but after one long joint "
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внеÑли ÑвÑй внеÑок знаÑно пÑзнÑÑе."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
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"Lisp Machine came before Greenberg's implementation for Multics. I "
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Multics. Я пÑоÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð±Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð° ÑÑ "
"помилкÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Greenblatt's plan, as I understood it, was to hire lab people part time, so "
"that they could continue working at the AI Lab. Symbolics hired them full "
@@ -1036,13 +1368,20 @@
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замÑÑÑÑ ÑÑого наймала ÑÑ
на повний "
"ÑобоÑий денÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ пÑипинÑли
пÑаÑÑваÑи в ÑнÑÑиÑÑÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the "
+#| "talk, is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at "
+#| "Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp "
+#| "Machine system — even though the contract did not require this. "
+#| "Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
"is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at Symbolics "
-"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine system "
-"— even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan was "
-"to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
+"or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp Machine "
+"system—even though the contract did not require this. Symbolics' plan "
+"was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgstr ""
"Цей план базÑвавÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ (Ñ ÑÑй пÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ñ
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"Symbolics полÑгав Ñ ÑомÑ, Ñоб пеÑеÑваÑи ÑÑ
ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑ Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾ÑÑоÑоннÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
"поÑÑдкÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"It was not that I cared particularly about the fate of LMI, but rather I did "
"not want to let Symbolics gain through its aggression against the AI Lab."
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"Symbolics нажиÑиÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвоÑй агÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾
вÑдноÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð¾ ÐабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑного "
"ÑнÑелекÑÑ."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"This statement has been misconstrued as saying that I never, ever looked at "
"Symbolics' code. Actually it says I did look, at first. The Symbolics "
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"ÑпоÑаÑкÑ. ÐиÑ
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дÑзнававÑÑ Ð¿Ñо ÑÑ
Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð¼Ñни."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
msgid ""
"But that meant I had to make a special effort to solve each problem "
"differently, in order to avoid copying Symbolics code. After a while, I "
@@ -1085,7 +1424,7 @@
"пÑогÑами Ñким завгодно найкÑаÑим Ñином,
не озиÑаÑÑиÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ñе, Ñо могло бÑÑи в "
"ÑекÑÑаÑ
Symbolics."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Symbolics at one point protested to MIT that my work, by thwarting their "
"plan, had cost Symbolics a million dollars."
@@ -1094,7 +1433,7 @@
"ÑобоÑа, пеÑеÑкодивÑи ÑÑ
нÑм планом,
коÑÑÑвала компанÑÑ Symbolics мÑлÑйон "
"долаÑÑв."
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I don't mind if a very complex and heavyweight function takes keyword "
"arguments. What bothers me is making simple basic functions such as “"
@@ -1104,6 +1443,21 @@
"ÐºÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ñлова. ТÑÑбÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ðµ випадок, коли
ними коÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ð¿ÑоÑÑÑ "
"ÑÑнкÑÑÑ, Ñк “member”."
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This essay is published in <a href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+#| "software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+#| "Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-"
+"edition\"> GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"Цей наÑÐ¸Ñ Ð±Ñв опÑблÑкований Ñ ÐºÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ñ <a
href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/product/";
+"free-software-free-society/\"><cite>ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами
вÑлÑне "
+"ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑво: ÐибÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑиÑи Ð
ÑÑаÑда Ð. СÑолмена</cite></a>."
+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -1130,14 +1484,19 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing "
"translations of this article."
msgstr ""
"Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад ÑоÑним
Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
@@ -1148,8 +1507,11 @@
"translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð·
пеÑекладє</a>."
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. "
"(Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ,
Inc.)"
@@ -1176,10 +1538,22 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðновлено:"
-#. type: Content of: <div><p>
-msgid ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc."
-msgstr ""
-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
-"Foundation, Inc. (Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад
ÑоÑним Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
+#~ "можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¸ ми не можемо.
ÐадÑилайÑе, бÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+#~ "Ñ Ð¿ÑопозиÑÑÑ Ñодо пеÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
href=\"mailto:web-";
+#~ "translators@gnu.org\"><web-translators@gnu.org></a>. </"
+#~ "p><p>ÐÑдомоÑÑÑ Ð· кооÑдинаÑÑÑ Ñа
пÑопозиÑÑй пеÑекладÑв наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей див. Ñ "
+#~ "<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑбникÑ
з "
+#~ "пеÑекладє</a>."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc. (Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑеннÑ, Inc.)"
Index: po/rms-lisp.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/rms-lisp.zh-cn.po,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/rms-lisp.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 13:56:43 -0000 1.15
+++ po/rms-lisp.zh-cn.po 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.16
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: rms-lisp.html\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-09-21 18:55+0000\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2020-10-02 15:23+0800\n"
"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <wxie@member.fsf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Chinese <www-zh-cn-translators@gnu.org>\n"
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-11-02 14:27+0000\n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid ""
@@ -21,17 +22,21 @@
"Software Foundation"
msgstr "æçLispç»ååGNU Emacsçå¼å - GNUå·¥ç¨ -
èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
-#. type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "My Lisp Experiences and the Development of GNU Emacs"
msgstr "æçLispç»ååGNU Emacsçå¼å"
-#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the "
+#| "International Lisp Conference)."
msgid ""
-"(Transcript of Richard Stallman's Speech, 28 Oct 2002, at the International "
-"Lisp Conference)."
+"Transcript of Richard Stallman's speech at the International Lisp "
+"Conference, 28 Oct 2002."
msgstr "ï¼Richard Stallmanå¨å½é
Lisp大ä¼ä¸çè°è¯è®°å½ï¼2002å¹´10æ28æ¥ï¼"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"Since none of my usual speeches have anything to do with Lisp, none of them "
"were appropriate for today. So I'm going to have to wing it. Since I've "
@@ -41,17 +46,29 @@
"ç±äºæé常çæ¼è®²é½åLispæ å
³ï¼æä»å¤©è®²å®ä»¬ä¸åéãæ以æå°ä¸å¾ä¸å³å
´åæ¥ãæ"
"çèä¸ç涯åäºå¤ªå¤Lispç¸å
³çå·¥ä½ï¼å
æ¤æè¿æ¯å¯ä»¥è®²ä¸äºæ趣çäºæ
çã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
+#| "school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
+#| "computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
+#| "with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
+#| "interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</"
+#| "abbr>-11. It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of "
+#| "memory — and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand "
+#| "instructions. This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was "
+#| "before I got to see what real software was like, that did real system "
+#| "jobs."
msgid ""
"My first experience with Lisp was when I read the Lisp 1.5 manual in high "
"school. That's when I had my mind blown by the idea that there could be a "
"computer language like that. The first time I had a chance to do anything "
"with Lisp was when I was a freshman at Harvard and I wrote a Lisp "
"interpreter for the <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-11. "
-"It was a very small machine — it had something like 8k of memory "
-"— and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. "
-"This gave me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to "
-"see what real software was like, that did real system jobs."
+"It was a very small machine—it had something like 8k of memory—"
+"and I managed to write the interpreter in a thousand instructions. This gave "
+"me some room for a little bit of data. That was before I got to see what "
+"real software was like, that did real system jobs."
msgstr ""
"æææ©å
³äºLispçç»åæ¯å¨é«ä¸æ¶è¯»äºLisp 1.5çæåãå
¶ä¸çææ³è®©æèæ´å¤§å¼ï¼æ"
"ä¹è¿æè¿æ ·ç计ç®æºè¯è¨ï¼æ第ä¸æ¬¡ææºä¼åLispç¸å
³çå·¥ä½æ¯å¨å½åä½æ°ççæ¶åï¼"
@@ -60,20 +77,27 @@
"以å
çæ令ç¼åäºé£ä¸ªè§£éå¨ãè¿æ
·æè¿æä¸ç¹æ°æ®ç©ºé´ãè¿æ¯å¨æçå°çæ£åç³»ç»å·¥"
"ä½ç软件ä¹åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
+#| "started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
+#| "\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by "
+#| "JonL, but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+#| "come — he must have really regretted that day."
msgid ""
"I began doing work on a real Lisp implementation with JonL White once I "
"started working at <abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of Technology"
"\">MIT</abbr>. I got hired at the Artificial Intelligence Lab not by JonL, "
-"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to come "
-"— he must have really regretted that day."
+"but by Russ Noftsker, which was most ironic considering what was to "
+"come—he must have really regretted that day."
msgstr ""
"å½æå¨<abbr title=\"Massachusetts Institute of
Technologyï¼éº»ççå·¥å¦é¢"
"\">MIT</abbr>å¼å§å·¥ä½æ¶ï¼æåJonL
Whiteä¸èµ·çæ£å¼å§å®ç°Lispè¯è¨ãæä¸æ¯è¢«"
"JonLï¼èæ¯è¢«Russ
Noftskeræå°äººå·¥æºè½å®éªå®¤çï¼è¿ä¸ç¹æ讽åºï¼æ³æ³æ¥ä¸æ¥åçç"
"亗ä»ä¸å®ççåææé£ä¸å¤©äºã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"During the 1970s, before my life became politicized by horrible events, I "
"was just going along making one extension after another for various "
@@ -95,7 +119,7 @@
"ç¨æ¶è¿å¯ä»¥å¯¹å®è¿è¡ç¼ç¨ãæä¸ç¥éEmacsæ¯ä¸æ¯ç¬¬ä¸ä¸ªè¿æ
ፌᴌ
·ï¼ä½æ¯ä½ä¸ºç¼è¾å¨å®"
"ç¡®å®æ¯ç¬¬ä¸ä¸ªã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This spirit of building up gigantic, complicated programs to use in your own "
"editing, and then exchanging them with other people, fueled the spirit of "
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"èç³»ï¼ä¹è®¸æ¯ä¸èªè§çèç³»ãæ认为æ£æ¯æ们å¨äººå·¥æºè½å®éªå®¤çæ´»æ¹å¼çå±æ§å¯¼è´äº"
"Emacsçè¯ç并使ä¹åå±ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
+#| "non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+#| "wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
+#| "title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, "
+#| "and was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly "
+#| "be. The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "it was designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands "
+#| "like ‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘"
+#| "i’ and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You "
+#| "would type a string that was a series of commands, which was called a "
+#| "command string. You would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgid ""
"The original Emacs did not have Lisp in it. The lower level language, the "
-"non-interpreted language — was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
+"non-interpreted language—was PDP-10 Assembler. The interpreter we "
"wrote in that actually wasn't written for Emacs, it was written for <abbr "
"title=\"Text Editor and COrrector\">TECO</abbr>. It was our text editor, and "
"was an extremely ugly programming language, as ugly as could possibly be. "
"The reason was that it wasn't designed to be a programming language, it was "
"designed to be an editor and command language. There were commands like "
-"‘5l’, meaning ‘move five lines’, or ‘i’ "
-"and then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a "
-"string that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You "
-"would end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
+"<code>5l</code>, meaning <code>move five lines</code>, or <code>i</code> and "
+"then a string and then an ESC to insert that string. You would type a string "
+"that was a series of commands, which was called a command string. You would "
+"end it with ESC ESC, and it would get executed."
msgstr ""
"æåç Emacs ä¸å¸¦ Lispãå
¶åºå±è¯è¨ãä¸ä¸ªé解éæ§è¯è¨—æ¯ PDP-10 æ±ç¼è¯"
"è¨ãæ们ç¼åç解éå¨å®é
ä¸ä¸æ¯ä¸º Emacs åçï¼å®æ¯ä¸º
<abbr title=\"Text "
@@ -138,18 +175,31 @@
"å符串ãä½ å¯ä»¥è¾å
¥ä»£è¡¨ä¸ç³»åå½ä»¤çå符串ï¼è¿å«å½ä»¤å符串ãä½ å¯ä»¥ç¨ ESC
ESC å"
"ç»å°¾ï¼è¿æ ·è¯¥ä¸²å½ä»¤å°±æ§è¡äºã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, "
+#| "so they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping "
+#| "construct, which was < >. You would put those around things and it "
+#| "would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+#| "conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</"
+#| "a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+#| "sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+#| "their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code "
+#| "so they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather "
+#| "sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect "
+#| "facility from TECO."
msgid ""
"Well, people wanted to extend this language with programming facilities, so "
"they added some. For instance, one of the first was a looping construct, "
-"which was < >. You would put those around things and it would loop. "
-"There were other cryptic commands that could be used to conditionally exit "
-"the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">(1)</a> added facilities to "
-"have subroutines with names. Before that, it was sort of like Basic, and the "
-"subroutines could only have single letters as their names. That was hard to "
-"program big programs with, so we added code so they could have longer names. "
-"Actually, there were some rather sophisticated facilities; I think that Lisp "
-"got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
+"which was <code>< ></code>. You would put those around things and "
+"it would loop. There were other cryptic commands that could be used to "
+"conditionally exit the loop. To make Emacs, we <a href=\"#foot-1\">[1]"
+"</a> added facilities to have subroutines with names. Before that, it was "
+"sort of like Basic, and the subroutines could only have single letters as "
+"their names. That was hard to program big programs with, so we added code so "
+"they could have longer names. Actually, there were some rather sophisticated "
+"facilities; I think that Lisp got its unwind-protect facility from TECO."
msgstr ""
"ä¸è¿ï¼äººä»¬æ³è¦æ©å±è¯¥è¯è¨ä½¿ä¹å¸¦ä¸ç¼ç¨è½åï¼æ以人们就添å
äºä¸äºåè½ãä¾å¦ï¼æ"
"æ©æ·»å çå°±æ循ç¯ç»æï¼å°±æ¯< >ãä½
æä¸è¥¿æ¾å¨è¿ä¸¤ä¸ªç¬¦å·ä¹é´ï¼å®ä»¬å°±å¾ªç¯"
@@ -159,10 +209,20 @@
"äºé¿æ件ååè½ãå®é
ä¸ï¼è¿æä¸äºç¸å½å¤æçåè½ï¼æ认为 Lisp ç unwind-"
"protect åè½å°±æ¥èª TECOã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the "
+#| "ugliest syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were "
+#| "able to write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a "
+#| "language like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, "
+#| "was the wrong way to go. The language that you build your extensions on "
+#| "shouldn't be thought of as a programming language in afterthought; it "
+#| "should be designed as a programming language. In fact, we discovered that "
+#| "the best programming language for that purpose was Lisp."
msgid ""
"We started putting in rather sophisticated facilities, all with the ugliest "
-"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked — people were able to "
+"syntax you could ever think of, and it worked—people were able to "
"write large programs in it anyway. The obvious lesson was that a language "
"like TECO, which wasn't designed to be a programming language, was the wrong "
"way to go. The language that you build your extensions on shouldn't be "
@@ -176,18 +236,30 @@
"ç¨è¯è¨ï¼å®åºè¯¥æç
§ç¼ç¨è¯è¨æ¥è®¾è®¡ãäºå®ä¸ï¼æ们åç°
Lisp æ¯åè¿ä»¶äºçæä½³è¯"
"è¨ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
-msgid ""
-"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</"
-"a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote his "
-"commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself was "
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-"written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say it was a "
-"programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do programming, "
-"weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could do useful "
-"things and they learned to program."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href=\"#foot-2\">"
+#| "(2)</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he wrote "
+#| "his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor itself "
+#| "was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great success "
+#| "— programming new editing commands was so convenient that even the "
+#| "secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+#| "manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't "
+#| "say it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't "
+#| "do programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they "
+#| "could do useful things and they learned to program."
+msgid ""
+"It was Bernie Greenberg, who discovered that it was <a href="
+"\"#foot-2\">[2]</a>. He wrote a version of Emacs in Multics MacLisp, and he "
+"wrote his commands in MacLisp in a straightforward fashion. The editor "
+"itself was written entirely in Lisp. Multics Emacs proved to be a great "
+"success—programming new editing commands was so convenient that even "
+"the secretaries in his office started learning how to use it. They used a "
+"manual someone had written which showed how to extend Emacs, but didn't say "
+"it was a programming. So the secretaries, who believed they couldn't do "
+"programming, weren't scared off. They read the manual, discovered they could "
+"do useful things and they learned to program."
msgstr ""
"Bernie Greenbergæ¯æ¤äºçåç°è
<a
href=\"#foot-2\">(2)</a>ãä»ç¨Multics "
"MacLispåäºä¸ä¸ªEmacsï¼èä¸ä»ä½¿ç¨MacLispç¼åå½ä»¤çæ¹å¼ç´æªäºå½ãè¿ä¸ªç¼è¾å¨æ¬èº«"
@@ -196,16 +268,27 @@
"ä½æ©å±Emacsçæåï¼æåé没说è¿å°±æ¯ç¼ç¨ãå
æ¤ï¼ç§ä¹¦ä»¬å¹¶ä¸è®¤ä¸ºä»ä»¬å¨ç¼ç¨ï¼ä¹å°±"
"没被åè·ãä»ä»¬é
读æåï¼åç°èªå·±ä¹å¯ä»¥åä¸å°æç¨çäºï¼ä»ä»¬å¦ä¼äºç¼ç¨ã"
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-"So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
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-"encouragement for their own practical use — at the stage where it's "
-"the hardest — where they don't believe they can program, until they "
-"get to the point where they are programmers."
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "So Bernie saw that an application — a program that does something "
+#| "useful for you — which has Lisp inside it and which you could "
+#| "extend by rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for "
+#| "people to learn programming. It gives them a chance to write small "
+#| "programs that are useful for them, which in most arenas you can't "
+#| "possibly do. They can get encouragement for their own practical use "
+#| "— at the stage where it's the hardest — where they don't "
+#| "believe they can program, until they get to the point where they are "
+#| "programmers."
+msgid ""
+"So Bernie saw that an application—a program that does something useful "
+"for you—which has Lisp inside it and which you could extend by "
+"rewriting the Lisp programs, is actually a very good way for people to learn "
+"programming. It gives them a chance to write small programs that are useful "
+"for them, which in most arenas you can't possibly do. They can get "
+"encouragement for their own practical use—at the stage where it's the "
+"hardest—where they don't believe they can program, until they get to "
+"the point where they are programmers."
msgstr ""
"è¿æ ·ï¼Bernieçå°ä¸ä¸ªåºç¨ç¨åº—为ä½
å®æä»»å¡çç¨åº—å¦æå
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"并ä¸äººä»¬å¯ä»¥ç¼åLispç¨åºæ¥æ©å±è¯¥åºç¨ç¨åºï¼é£ä¹å®å®é
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"èªå·±çå®ç¨ç¨åºé¼å±ç—å°±å¨æå°é¾çé¶æ®µ—å°±å¨ä»ä»¬ä¸ç¸ä¿¡èªå·±å¯ä»¥ç¼ç¨"
"çæ¶åï¼ç´å°ä»ä»¬æåæ为ç¨åºåã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like "
+#| "this on a platform where they didn't have full service Lisp "
+#| "implementation. Multics MacLisp had a compiler as well as an interpreter "
+#| "— it was a full-fledged Lisp system — but people wanted to "
+#| "implement something like that on other systems where they had not already "
+#| "written a Lisp compiler. Well, if you didn't have the Lisp compiler you "
+#| "couldn't write the whole editor in Lisp — it would be too slow, "
+#| "especially redisplay, if it had to run interpreted Lisp. So we developed "
+#| "a hybrid technique. The idea was to write a Lisp interpreter and the "
+#| "lower level parts of the editor together, so that parts of the editor "
+#| "were built-in Lisp facilities. Those would be whatever parts we felt we "
+#| "had to optimize. This was a technique that we had already consciously "
+#| "practiced in the original Emacs, because there were certain fairly high "
+#| "level features which we re-implemented in machine language, making them "
+#| "into TECO primitives. For instance, there was a TECO primitive to fill a "
+#| "paragraph (actually, to do most of the work of filling a paragraph, "
+#| "because some of the less time-consuming parts of the job would be done at "
+#| "the higher level by a TECO program). You could do the whole job by "
+#| "writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by "
+#| "putting part of it in machine language. We used the same idea here (in "
+#| "the hybrid technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, "
+#| "but certain parts of it that had to run particularly fast would be "
+#| "written at a lower level."
msgid ""
"At that point, people began to wonder how they could get something like this "
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+"writing a TECO program, but that was too slow, so we optimized it by putting "
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+"technique), that most of the editor would be written in Lisp, but certain "
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msgstr ""
"æ¤æ¶ï¼äººä»¬å¼å§æèä»ä»¬è¦ææ ·å¨ä¸ä¸ªå¹¶æ²¡æå
¨é¨ Lisp
æ¯æçå¹³å°ä¸åå°è¿ä¸åã"
"Multics MacLisp æ¢æç¼è¯å¨ï¼ä¹æ解é娗å®æ¯ä¸ä¸ªå®æ´ç
Lisp 系绗"
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"ä¼åãå¨æ¤ï¼ææ··åææ¯ï¼ï¼ç¼è¾å¨çç»å¤§é¨åæ¯ç¨ Lisp
ç¼åçï¼ä½æ¯é£äºéè¦é常"
"å¿«éè¿è¡çé¨åæ¯ç¨åºå±è¯è¨åçã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
+#| "same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
+#| "anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs "
+#| "to run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but "
+#| "I implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C "
+#| "— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
+#| "writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
+#| "windows."
msgid ""
"Therefore, when I wrote my second implementation of Emacs, I followed the "
"same kind of design. The low level language was not machine language "
"anymore, it was C. C was a good, efficient language for portable programs to "
"run in a Unix-like operating system. There was a Lisp interpreter, but I "
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-"— manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and "
-"writing files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor "
-"windows."
+"implemented facilities for special purpose editing jobs directly in C—"
+"manipulating editor buffers, inserting leading text, reading and writing "
+"files, redisplaying the buffer on the screen, managing editor windows."
msgstr ""
"å æ¤ï¼å½æç¼å第äºçEmacsæ¶ï¼æéç¨äºåæ
·ç设计ãåºå±çè¯è¨ä¸åæ¯æºå¨è¯è¨ï¼è"
"æ¯Cãå°±ç¼åè¿è¡å¨ç±»Unixç³»ç»ä¸çå¯ç§»æ¤ç¨åºæ¥è¯´ï¼Cæ¯ä¸ä¸ªä¼ç§çãé«æçè¯è¨ãè½"
"ç¶æä¸ä¸ªLisp解éå¨ï¼ä½æ¯æç´æ¥ç¨Cå®ç°äºä¸äºç¹å®çç¼è¾å轗管çç¼è¾å¨ç"
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¥èµ·å§ææ¬ã读åæ件ãå·æ°å±å¹æ¾ç¤ºä»¥å管çç¼è¾çªå£ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. "
+#| "The first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
+#| "strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
+#| "influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
+#| "Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone "
+#| "wanted to port it to run on Twenex — it originally only ran on the "
+#| "Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
+#| "which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
+#| "that could potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with "
+#| "the rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” "
+#| "so we could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as "
+#| "I know people did cooperate."
msgid ""
"Now, this was not the first Emacs that was written in C and ran on Unix. The "
"first was written by James Gosling, and was referred to as GosMacs. A "
"strange thing happened with him. In the beginning, he seemed to be "
"influenced by the same spirit of sharing and cooperation of the original "
"Emacs. I first released the original Emacs to people at MIT. Someone wanted "
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-"Incompatible Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, "
-"which meant that there were a few hundred installations around the world "
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-"rule that “you had to send back all of your improvements” so we "
-"could all benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know "
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+"to port it to run on Twenex—it originally only ran on the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System we used at MIT. They ported it to Twenex, which meant "
+"that there were a few hundred installations around the world that could "
+"potentially use it. We started distributing it to them, with the rule that "
+"“you had to send back all of your improvements” so we could all "
+"benefit. No one ever tried to enforce that, but as far as I know people did "
+"cooperate."
msgstr ""
"å½æ¶ï¼å®ä¸åæ¯ç¬¬ä¸ä¸ªç¨ C ç¼å并è¿è¡å¨ Unix ä¸ç Emacs
äºã第ä¸ä¸ªæ¯ç± James "
"Gosling å®æçï¼å°±æ¯
GosMacsãä»æäºå¥æªãä¸å¼å§ï¼ä»çæ¥è¿æ¯åå°äºåå§ Emacs "
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"å¸è¯¥çæ¬ï¼åè¡éµå¾ªçæ¯“ä½ å¿
é¡»ååææçæ¹è¿”è¿æ ·å¤§å®¶é½åçã没æ"
"人ä¼å»æ强è°è¿ä¸ªè§åï¼ä½æ¯å°±ææç¥äººä»¬é½æ¯åä½çã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
+#| "manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the "
+#| "community would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the "
+#| "right approach to take towards a community — to ask them to join in "
+#| "and make the program better. But after that he seemed to change the "
+#| "spirit, and sold it to a company."
msgid ""
"Gosling did, at first, seem to participate in this spirit. He wrote in a "
"manual that he called the program Emacs hoping that others in the community "
"would improve it until it was worthy of that name. That's the right approach "
-"to take towards a community — to ask them to join in and make the "
+"to take towards a community—to ask them to join in and make the "
"program better. But after that he seemed to change the spirit, and sold it "
"to a company."
msgstr ""
@@ -305,7 +444,20 @@
"请大家åä¸å¹¶ä½¿ç¨åºæ´å¥½ãä½æ¯å¨æ¤ä¹åï¼ä»ä¼¼ä¹æ¹åäºæ度ï¼å¹¶æç¨åºåç»äºä¸ä¸ªå
¬"
"å¸ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
+#| "operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
+#| "There was no free software Emacs editor that ran on Unix. I did, however, "
+#| "have a friend who had participated in developing Gosling's Emacs. Gosling "
+#| "had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
+#| "proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
+#| "Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was "
+#| "known as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but "
+#| "didn't have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and "
+#| "vital elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, "
+#| "numbers and a few other specialized things."
msgid ""
"At that time I was working on the GNU system (a free software Unix-like "
"operating system that many people erroneously call “Linux”). "
@@ -314,7 +466,7 @@
"had given him, by email, permission to distribute his own version. He "
"proposed to me that I use that version. Then I discovered that Gosling's "
"Emacs did not have a real Lisp. It had a programming language that was known "
-"as ‘mocklisp’, which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
+"as “mocklisp,” which looks syntactically like Lisp, but didn't "
"have the data structures of Lisp. So programs were not data, and vital "
"elements of Lisp were missing. Its data structures were strings, numbers "
"and a few other specialized things."
@@ -327,7 +479,7 @@
"æ®ç»æãæ以å
¶ç¨åºä¸æ¯æ°æ®ï¼èä¸ä¹ç¼ºå¤±Lispçéè¦å
ç´
ãå
¶æ°æ®ç»ææ¯å符串ãæ°"
"ååå
¶ä»ä¸äºä¸é¨ç»æã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"I concluded I couldn't use it and had to replace it all, the first step of "
"which was to write an actual Lisp interpreter. I gradually adapted every "
@@ -340,13 +492,21 @@
"ä¸é¨çæ°æ®ç»æï¼å¹¶ä½¿ç¼è¾å¨çå
é¨æ°æ®ç»æ对ç¨æ·çLispç¨åºå¼æ¾ï¼ä½¿ç¨æ·ç¨åºè½å¤"
"å¤çç¼è¾å¨å
é¨æ°æ®ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of "
+#| "an alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and "
+#| "things would go on with very special data structures that were not safe "
+#| "for garbage collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run "
+#| "any Lisp programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now "
+#| "possible to run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgid ""
"The one exception was redisplay. For a long time, redisplay was sort of an "
"alternate world. The editor would enter the world of redisplay and things "
"would go on with very special data structures that were not safe for garbage "
"collection, not safe for interruption, and you couldn't run any Lisp "
-"programs during that. We've changed that since — it's now possible to "
+"programs during that. We've changed that since—it's now possible to "
"run Lisp code during redisplay. It's quite a convenient thing."
msgstr ""
"æ¾ç¤ºå·æ°æ¯ä¸ªä¾å¤ãå¾é¿æ¶é´ä»¥æ¥ï¼æ¾ç¤ºå·æ°åæ¯ä¸ä¸ªå¦ç±»ä¸çãç¼è¾å¨ä¸æ¦è¿å
¥æ¾ç¤º"
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"çä¹ä¸å®å
¨ï¼èä¸ä½ å¨æ¤è¿ç¨ä¸æ
æ³è¿è¡ä»»ä½Lispç¨åºãæ们已ç»ä¿®æ¹äºè¿é¨å—"
"ç°å¨ä½ å¨æ¾ç¤ºå·æ°æ¶ä¹å¯ä»¥è¿è¡Lisp代ç
ãè¿æ¯ä¸ä»¶å¾ä¾¿å©çäºã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
+#| "sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign "
+#| "to make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody "
+#| "should be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working "
+#| "together on software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. "
+#| "That is the basis for the free software movement — the experience I "
+#| "had, the life that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on "
+#| "human knowledge, and not be standing in the way of anybody's further "
+#| "using and further disseminating human knowledge."
msgid ""
-"This second Emacs program was ‘free software’ in the modern "
-"sense of the term — it was part of an explicit political campaign to "
+"This second Emacs program was “free software” in the modern "
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"make software free. The essence of this campaign was that everybody should "
"be free to do the things we did in the old days at MIT, working together on "
"software and working with whomever wanted to work with us. That is the "
-"basis for the free software movement — the experience I had, the life "
-"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab — to be working on human knowledge, "
+"basis for the free software movement—the experience I had, the life "
+"that I've lived at the MIT AI lab—to be working on human knowledge, "
"and not be standing in the way of anybody's further using and further "
"disseminating human knowledge."
msgstr ""
@@ -372,7 +543,7 @@
"——ä¹æ¯æçç»åï¼æ¯æå¨ MIT
人工æºè½å®éªå®¤ççæ´»——为人"
"ç±»çç¥è¯èå·¥ä½ï¼èä¸æ¯é»ç¢å
¶ä»äººä½¿ç¨åä¼
æ人类çç¥è¯ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"At the time, you could make a computer that was about the same price range "
"as other computers that weren't meant for Lisp, except that it would run "
@@ -389,11 +560,21 @@
"åå <code>car</code><sup><a href=\"#TransNote1\">1</a></sup>
æ¶ï¼ç»ææ¯æ æ"
"çï¼æç»å¯¼è´ç¨åºå´©æºã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
+#| "other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> "
+#| "instruction would do data typechecking — so when you tried to get "
+#| "the <code>car</code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you "
+#| "an immediate error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system "
+#| "for it. It was written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being "
+#| "parts written in the microcode. People became interested in manufacturing "
+#| "them, which meant they should start a company."
msgid ""
"The Lisp machine was able to execute instructions about as fast as those "
-"other machines, but each instruction — a <code>car</code> instruction "
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+"would do data typechecking—so when you tried to get the <code>car</"
"code> of a number in a compiled program, it would give you an immediate "
"error. We built the machine and had a Lisp operating system for it. It was "
"written almost entirely in Lisp, the only exceptions being parts written in "
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´è¶£ï¼è¿æå³çä»ä»¬åºè¯¥å¼"
"个å
¬å¸ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
+#| "Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
+#| "This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a "
+#| "way conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+#| "<a href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
+#| "business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
+#| "doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+#| "outside investment wouldn't work."
msgid ""
"There were two different ideas about what this company should be like. "
"Greenblatt wanted to start what he called a “hacker” company. "
"This meant it would be a company run by hackers and would operate in a way "
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-"href=\"#foot-3\">(3)</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't have any "
-"business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said they "
-"doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
+"conducive to hackers. Another goal was to maintain the AI Lab culture "
+"<a class=\"ftn\" href=\"#foot-3\">[3]</a>. Unfortunately, Greenblatt didn't "
+"have any business experience, so other people in the Lisp machine group said "
+"they doubted whether he could succeed. They thought that his plan to avoid "
"outside investment wouldn't work."
msgstr ""
"对å¼ä»ä¹æ ·çå
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¶ä»äººå¯¹Greenblattä¼ä¸ä¼æå表"
"示æçãä»ä»¬è®¤ä¸ºä»æç»å¤é¨èµéçåæ³è¡ä¸éã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Why did he want to avoid outside investment? Because when a company has "
"outside investors, they take control and they don't let you have any "
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å¤é¨æèµå¢ï¼å 为å¦æä¸ä¸ªå
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ï¼ä»ä»¬å°±ä¼ææ§å
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ç¨æç¹è±«ï¼ä»ä»¬ä¹ä¼è¸¢å¼ä½ ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"So Greenblatt had the idea that he would find a customer who would pay in "
"advance to buy the parts. They would build machines and deliver them; with "
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"è¿äºå©æ¶¦ä¹åï¼ä»ä»¬å°±å¯ä»¥åé
æ´å¤ççµèï¼ç¶ååéå®ï¼ç¶ååé æ´å¤ççµèï¼å¦æ¤"
"è¿è¡ä¸å»ãç»å
çå
¶ä»äººè§å¾è¿æ ·ä¸è¡ã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
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"had subsequently left the AI Lab and created a successful company. Russell "
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ååï¼ææ¾æ¯çæ£ççæ人ãè¿äºäººå³å®å¼ä¸ä¸ªå«"
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"But Greenblatt didn't give up. He and the few people loyal to him decided to "
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ä¸è¿æ¯æåäºãSymbolicsä¹æåå°å¯å¨äºï¼æ以ä½
æ两家äºç¸ç«äºçLisp"
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´åã"
-#. type: Content of: <p>
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msgid ""
"Thus, the abandonment of our lab was followed by “war” in our "
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¥ç±ä¸¤å®¶å
¬å¸ææç MIT
Lisp çµèç³»ç»ã没æ人é¢"
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+#| "it made me miserable to see what had happened to our community and the "
+#| "software. But now, Symbolics had forced the issue. So, in an effort to "
+#| "help keep Lisp Machines Inc. going <a href=\"#foot-5\">(5)</a> — I "
+#| "began duplicating all of the improvements Symbolics had made to the Lisp "
+#| "machine system. I wrote the equivalent improvements again myself (i.e., "
+#| "the code was my own)."
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+#| "I figured they had been punished pretty thoroughly because they were "
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+#| "\"#foot-7\">(7)</a>. Meanwhile, it was time to start building a new "
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msgid ""
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+#| "I had to make a free operating system, that was clear — the only "
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#| "At first, I thought of making a Lisp-based system, but I realized that "
+#| "wouldn't be a good idea technically. To have something like the Lisp "
+#| "machine system, you needed special purpose microcode. That's what made it "
+#| "possible to run programs as fast as other computers would run their "
+#| "programs and still get the benefit of typechecking. Without that, you "
+#| "would be reduced to something like the Lisp compilers for other machines. "
+#| "The programs would be faster, but unstable. Now that's okay if you're "
+#| "running one program on a timesharing system — if one program "
+#| "crashes, that's not a disaster, that's something your program "
+#| "occasionally does. But that didn't make it good for writing the operating "
+#| "system in, so I rejected the idea of making a system like the Lisp "
+#| "machine."
msgid ""
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+#| "pushing to keep things small. We didn't have ‘caar’ and "
+#| "‘cadr’ and so on; “squeeze out everything "
+#| "possible” was the spirit of GNU Emacs, the spirit of Emacs Lisp, "
+#| "from the beginning."
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+#| "Obviously, machines are bigger now, and we don't do it that way any more. "
+#| "We put in ‘caar’ and ‘cadr’ and so on, and we "
+#| "might put in another looping construct one of these days. We're willing "
+#| "to extend it some now, but we don't want to extend it to the level of "
+#| "common Lisp. I implemented Common Lisp once on the Lisp machine, and I'm "
+#| "not all that happy with it. One thing I don't like terribly much is "
+#| "keyword arguments <a href=\"#foot-8\">(8)</a>. They don't seem quite "
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msgid ""
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msgid ""
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-#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#| "As long as the extensibility languages are weak, the users have to use "
+#| "only the language you provided them. Which means that people who love any "
+#| "given language have to compete for the choice of the developers of "
+#| "applications — saying “Please, application developer, put my "
+#| "language into your application, not his language.” Then the users "
+#| "get no choices at all — whichever application they're using comes "
+#| "with one language and they're stuck with [that language]. But when you "
+#| "have a powerful language that can implement others by translating into "
+#| "it, then you give the user a choice of language and we don't have to have "
+#| "a language war anymore. That's what we're hoping ‘Guile’, our "
+#| "scheme interpreter, will do. We had a person working last summer "
+#| "finishing up a translator from Python to Scheme. I don't know if it's "
+#| "entirely finished yet, but for anyone interested in this project, please "
+#| "get in touch. So that's the plan we have for the future."
msgid ""
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+#| "I haven't been speaking about free software, but let me briefly tell you "
+#| "a little bit about what that means. Free software does not refer to "
+#| "price; it doesn't mean that you get it for free. (You may have paid for a "
+#| "copy, or gotten a copy gratis.) It means that you have freedom as a user. "
+#| "The crucial thing is that you are free to run the program, free to study "
+#| "what it does, free to change it to suit your needs, free to redistribute "
+#| "the copies of others and free to publish improved, extended versions. "
+#| "This is what free software means. If you are using a non-free program, "
+#| "you have lost crucial freedom, so don't ever do that."
msgid ""
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+#| "The purpose of the GNU project is to make it easier for people to reject "
+#| "freedom-trampling, user-dominating, non-free software by providing free "
+#| "software to replace it. For those who don't have the moral courage to "
+#| "reject the non-free software, when that means some practical "
+#| "inconvenience, what we try to do is give a free alternative so that you "
+#| "can move to freedom with less of a mess and less of a sacrifice in "
+#| "practical terms. The less sacrifice the better. We want to make it easier "
+#| "for you to live in freedom, to cooperate."
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"try to do is give a free alternative so that you can move to freedom with "
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+#| "This is a matter of the freedom to cooperate. We're used to thinking of "
+#| "freedom and cooperation with society as if they are opposites. But here "
+#| "they're on the same side. With free software you are free to cooperate "
+#| "with other people as well as free to help yourself. With non-free "
+#| "software, somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're "
+#| "not allowed to share with them, you're not free to cooperate or help "
+#| "society, anymore than you're free to help yourself. Divided and helpless "
+#| "is the state of users using non-free software."
msgid ""
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"somebody is dominating you and keeping people divided. You're not allowed to "
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what "
+#| "people said we could never do; we have two operating systems of free "
+#| "software. We have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther "
+#| "to go. So we need your help. I would like to ask you to volunteer for the "
+#| "GNU project; help us develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at "
+#| "<a href=\"/help/\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for "
+#| "how to help. If you want to order things, there's a link to that from the "
+#| "home page. If you want to read about philosophical issues, look in /"
+#| "philosophy. If you're looking for free software to use, look in /"
+#| "directory, which lists about 1900 packages now (which is a fraction of "
+#| "all the free software out there). Please write more and contribute to us. "
+#| "My book of essays, “Free Software and Free Society”, is on "
+#| "sale and can be purchased at <a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</"
+#| "a>. Happy hacking!"
msgid ""
"We've produced a tremendous range of free software. We've done what people "
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"have many applications and we obviously have a lot farther to go. So we need "
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-"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/"
-"\">http://www.gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you "
-"want to order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want "
-"to read about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking "
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-"packages now (which is a fraction of all the free software out there). "
-"Please write more and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free "
-"Software and Free Society”, is on sale and can be purchased at <a href="
-"\"http://www.gnu.org/\";>www.gnu.org</a>. Happy hacking!"
+"develop free software for more jobs. Take a look at <a href=\"/help/help.html"
+"\">gnu.org/help</a> to find suggestions for how to help. If you want to "
+"order things, there's a link to that from the home page. If you want to read "
+"about philosophical issues, look in /philosophy. If you're looking for free "
+"software to use, look in /directory, which lists about 1900 packages now "
+"(which is a fraction of all the free software out there). Please write more "
+"and contribute to us. My book of essays, “Free Software and Free "
+"Society,” is on sale and can be purchased at www.gnu.org <a href="
+"\"#foot-9\">[9]</a>. Happy hacking!"
msgstr ""
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+# type: Content of: <h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Footnotes"
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "è注"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Guy Steele designed the original symmetrical Emacs command set; then he and "
"I began implementing Emacs (on top of TECO), but after one long joint "
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
"Bernie Greenberg says that Dan Weinreb's implementation of Emacs for the "
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"æ¬ãæå¨æ¤å¯¹æçé误éæã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
"Greenblatt's plan, as I understood it, was to hire lab people part time, so "
"that they could continue working at the AI Lab. Symbolics hired them full "
@@ -870,19 +1203,26 @@
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the "
+#| "talk, is that during an initial period the ex-AI-Lab hackers, whether at "
+#| "Symbolics or LMI, continued contributing their changes to the MIT Lisp "
+#| "Machine system — even though the contract did not require this. "
+#| "Symbolics' plan was to rupture this cooperation unilaterally."
msgid ""
"The background of this plan, which I did not state explicitly in the talk, "
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msgstr ""
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"It was not that I cared particularly about the fate of LMI, but rather I did "
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
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msgid ""
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@@ -901,7 +1241,7 @@
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
msgid ""
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@@ -912,14 +1252,14 @@
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"ç°ä»£ç ï¼èä¸ç¨èèæ¯å¦ç¨äºSymbolicsç代ç ã"
-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"Symbolics at one point protested to MIT that my work, by thwarting their "
"plan, had cost Symbolics a million dollars."
msgstr ""
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äºä»ä»¬ç计åè使Symbolicsæ失ä¸ç¾ä¸ç¾å
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-#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
msgid ""
"I don't mind if a very complex and heavyweight function takes keyword "
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@@ -928,6 +1268,20 @@
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"member”è¿æ ·çç®åå½æ°ä¹è¦ä½¿ç¨å
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+#. type: Content of: <div><ol><li>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This essay is published in <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-";
+#| "software-free-society/\"><cite>Free Software, Free Society: The Selected "
+#| "Essays of Richard M. Stallman</cite></a>."
+msgid ""
+"In 2021, this book can be purchased from <a href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/";
+"books-docs/free-software-free-society-selected-essays-richard-m-stallman-3rd-"
+"edition\"> GNU Press</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"æ¬æå表äº<a
href=\"https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";
+"\"><cite>èªç±è½¯ä»¶ãèªç±ç¤¾ä¼ï¼çæ¥å¾·.M.æ¯ææ¼
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+
#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
@@ -950,9 +1304,7 @@
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¶ä»é误æ建议åéç»<a href="
"\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\";><webmasters@gnu.org></a>ã"
-#
-#
-#
+# TODO: submitting -> contributing.
#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#. replace it with the translation of these two:
#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
@@ -960,22 +1312,30 @@
#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
#. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
-#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#. our web pages, see <a
#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#. README</a>.
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#| "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and "
+#| "contributing translations of this article."
msgid ""
"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
-"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
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msgstr ""
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#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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-"Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020 Free Software Foundation, "
+#| "Inc."
+msgid "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""
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@@ -1003,13 +1363,23 @@
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
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-"Foundation, Inc."
+#
+#
+#
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+#~ "translations of this article."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+#~ "\">ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>ã"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2013, 2014, 2020, 2021 Free Software "
+#~ "Foundation, Inc."
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#~ "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.ca-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ca-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/why-gnu-linux.ca-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.5
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.ca-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.6
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.cs-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.cs-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.18
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--- po/why-gnu-linux.cs-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.18
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.cs-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.19
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.de-diff.html
===================================================================
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retrieving revision 1.1
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--- po/why-gnu-linux.de-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.1
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.de-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.2
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.el-diff.html
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--- po/why-gnu-linux.el-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.22
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.el-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.23
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html --></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
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--- po/why-gnu-linux.es-en.html 31 Aug 2021 11:35:28 -0000 1.31
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.es-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.32
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 11:35:28 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.41
retrieving revision 1.42
diff -u -b -r1.41 -r1.42
--- po/why-gnu-linux.fr-en.html 30 Aug 2021 14:04:42 -0000 1.41
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.fr-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.42
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 14:04:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.hr-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.hr-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.13
retrieving revision 1.14
diff -u -b -r1.13 -r1.14
--- po/why-gnu-linux.hr-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.13
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.hr-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.14
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
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class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
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<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
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/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
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-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.it-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.it-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.2
retrieving revision 1.3
diff -u -b -r1.2 -r1.3
--- po/why-gnu-linux.it-diff.html 30 Aug 2021 13:34:55 -0000 1.2
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.it-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.3
@@ -12,23 +12,28 @@
<body><pre>
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class="inserted"><ins><em>1.96 -->
-<!-- This page is derived from
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+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes"</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article
reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width"></em></ins></span>
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
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class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>by <a
href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard
Stallman</a></strong></p>
<div class="announcement">
<blockquote><p>To learn more about this issue, you can read
our <a href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux FAQ</a>, our page
on
<a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux and the GNU Project</a>,
which gives a history of the GNU/Linux system as it relates to this issue of
naming,
-and our page on <a href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
+and our page on</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><address
class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="/gnu/gnu-users-never-heard-of-gnu.html">GNU
Users Who Have Never Heard of GNU</a>.
</p></blockquote>
@@ -286,7 +291,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 13:34:55 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.ja-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ja-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.29
retrieving revision 1.30
diff -u -b -r1.29 -r1.30
--- po/why-gnu-linux.ja-en.html 31 Aug 2021 03:06:01 -0000 1.29
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.ja-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.30
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/31 03:06:01 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.ko-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ko-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.18
retrieving revision 1.19
diff -u -b -r1.18 -r1.19
--- po/why-gnu-linux.ko-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.18
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.ko-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.19
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
<!--#include <span
class="removed"><del><strong>virtual="/server/html5-header.html"</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>virtual="/server/header.html"</em></ins></span> -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
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+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.nl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.nl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.15
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -u -b -r1.15 -r1.16
--- po/why-gnu-linux.nl-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.15
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.nl-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.16
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
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<span
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+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.pl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- po/why-gnu-linux.pl-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.1
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.pl-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.2
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
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+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>class="byline">by</em></ins></span> <a
@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.pt-br-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.pt-br-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.18
retrieving revision 1.19
diff -u -b -r1.18 -r1.19
--- po/why-gnu-linux.pt-br-en.html 5 Sep 2021 15:33:44 -0000 1.18
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.pt-br-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.19
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/09/05 15:33:44 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.ru-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.ru-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.34
retrieving revision 1.35
diff -u -b -r1.34 -r1.35
--- po/why-gnu-linux.ru-en.html 30 Aug 2021 14:04:42 -0000 1.34
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.ru-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.35
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/08/30 14:04:42 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.sq-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.sq-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.26
retrieving revision 1.27
diff -u -b -r1.26 -r1.27
--- po/why-gnu-linux.sq-en.html 7 Sep 2021 12:03:52 -0000 1.26
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.sq-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.27
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/09/07 12:03:52 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.tr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.tr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/why-gnu-linux.tr-en.html 12 Sep 2021 07:34:21 -0000 1.5
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.tr-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.6
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/09/12 07:34:21 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.uk-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.uk-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- po/why-gnu-linux.uk-diff.html 29 Oct 2021 13:32:43 -0000 1.1
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.uk-diff.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.2
@@ -12,13 +12,18 @@
<body><pre>
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<span
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+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!-- This page is derived from
/server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --></em></ins></span>
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
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<span class="removed"><del><strong><h2
class="c">What's</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><div class="article reduced-width">
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><!--#include
virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's</em></ins></span> in a Name?</h2>
<address <span class="removed"><del><strong>class="byline
c">by</strong></del></span> <span
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@@ -292,7 +297,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
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-$Date: 2021/10/29 13:32:43 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.zh-cn-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.zh-cn-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.5
retrieving revision 1.6
diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- po/why-gnu-linux.zh-cn-en.html 9 Sep 2021 02:32:37 -0000 1.5
+++ po/why-gnu-linux.zh-cn-en.html 2 Nov 2021 14:41:54 -0000 1.6
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/09/09 02:32:37 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/why-gnu-linux.zh-tw-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.zh-tw-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- po/why-gnu-linux.zh-tw-en.html 12 Oct 2021 17:32:22 -0000 1.1
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@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
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+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="gnulinux" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why GNU/Linux?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/gnu/po/why-gnu-linux.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/gnu/gnu-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="article reduced-width">
<h2>What's in a Name?</h2>
@@ -259,7 +264,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/10/12 17:32:22 $
+$Date: 2021/11/02 14:41:54 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
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