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www/philosophy motif.fr.html netscape-npl.fr.ht...
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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy motif.fr.html netscape-npl.fr.ht... |
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Date: |
Wed, 21 Jul 2021 16:02:13 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 21/07/21 16:02:13
Modified files:
philosophy : motif.fr.html netscape-npl.fr.html
plan-nine.fr.html pragmatic.fr.html
rtlinux-patent.fr.html
selling-exceptions.fr.html university.fr.html
using-gfdl.fr.html why-copyleft.fr.html
words-to-avoid.fr.html x.fr.html
philosophy/po : motif.fr-en.html netscape-npl.fr-en.html
plan-nine.fr-en.html plan-nine.fr.po
pragmatic.fr-en.html rtlinux-patent.fr-en.html
selling-exceptions.fr-en.html
university.fr-en.html using-gfdl.fr-en.html
why-copyleft.fr-en.html
words-to-avoid.fr-en.html x.fr-en.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/motif.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.68&r2=1.69
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/netscape-npl.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.62&r2=1.63
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/plan-nine.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.59&r2=1.60
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/pragmatic.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.78&r2=1.79
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.60&r2=1.61
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/selling-exceptions.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.41&r2=1.42
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/university.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.79&r2=1.80
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/using-gfdl.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.62&r2=1.63
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/why-copyleft.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.74&r2=1.75
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/words-to-avoid.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.205&r2=1.206
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/x.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.63&r2=1.64
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/motif.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.33&r2=1.34
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/netscape-npl.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.33&r2=1.34
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/plan-nine.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.32&r2=1.33
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/plan-nine.fr.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.35&r2=1.36
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/pragmatic.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.35&r2=1.36
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/rtlinux-patent.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.32&r2=1.33
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/selling-exceptions.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.31&r2=1.32
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/university.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.40&r2=1.41
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/using-gfdl.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.35&r2=1.36
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/why-copyleft.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.38&r2=1.39
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/words-to-avoid.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.118&r2=1.119
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/x.fr-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.36&r2=1.37
Patches:
Index: motif.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/motif.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.68
retrieving revision 1.69
diff -u -b -r1.68 -r1.69
--- motif.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:10 -0000 1.68
+++ motif.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.69
@@ -1,17 +1,25 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/motif.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>La licence Motif - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/motif.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>La licence Motif</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Il y a quelques semaines, l'<i>Open Group</i> a modifié la licence de Motif
et a invité les développeurs de logiciels libres à l'utiliser. Cependant, la
@@ -69,11 +77,14 @@
erronée. Les faits sont suffisamment complexes ; compliquer le problème
n'est pas souhaitable.</p>
-<h3 id="LaterNote">Note ajoutée par la suite</h3>
+<h3 id="LaterNote" class="footnote">Note ajoutée par la suite</h3>
<p>
<em>En 2012, <a href="http://motif.sourceforge.net/";>Motif</a> a été publié
sous la licence publique générale GNU amoindrie, version 2.1.</em></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
<div class="translators-notes">
<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
@@ -87,7 +98,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -107,7 +118,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -120,15 +131,13 @@
les infos nécessaires.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 1997, 1998, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2010 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1997-1999, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.
-</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -140,11 +149,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:10 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: netscape-npl.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/netscape-npl.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.62
retrieving revision 1.63
diff -u -b -r1.62 -r1.63
--- netscape-npl.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:10 -0000 1.62
+++ netscape-npl.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.63
@@ -1,27 +1,34 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/netscape-npl.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
-<title>Netscape Public License - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<title>Ã propos de la Netscape Public License - Projet GNU - Free Software
+Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/netscape-npl.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Ã propos de la <i>Netscape Public License</i> (licence publique de
Netscape)</h2>
-<p>
-par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>
-[La <a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html"> version originale</a> de
-cet article a été écrite en mars 1998 à propos d'un brouillon de la
-NPL. Notre premier article sur ce sujet était <a
+<p>
+La <a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html"> version originale</a> de cet
+article a été écrite en mars 1998 à propos d'un brouillon de la NPL. Notre
+premier article sur ce sujet était <a
href="/philosophy/netscape.html">Netscape envisage la libération du
-navigateur Netscape</a>]</p></blockquote>
-</div>
+navigateur Netscape</a></p>
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div class="article">
<p>
La <i>Netscape Public License</i>, ou NPL, telle qu'elle a été finalement
conçue en 1998, est une licence libre, mais elle a trois défauts majeurs. Le
@@ -210,6 +217,8 @@
raisonnement devrait s'appliquer dans le monde du libre. Netscape doit
reconnaître que ce changement est acceptable et l'adopter, afin d'éviter de
placer les développeurs de logiciel libre devant un sérieux dilemme.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -243,7 +252,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -263,7 +272,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -292,7 +301,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 2003, 2007, 2013, 2015 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -310,11 +319,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:10 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: plan-nine.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/plan-nine.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.59
retrieving revision 1.60
diff -u -b -r1.59 -r1.60
--- plan-nine.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:11 -0000 1.59
+++ plan-nine.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.60
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/plan-nine.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Les problèmes de la licence de Plan 9 - Projet GNU - Free Software
@@ -9,9 +12,13 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/plan-nine.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Les problèmes de la (précédente) licence de Plan 9</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p><em>Note :</em> Ceci s'applique à l'ancienne licence utilisée pour
Plan 9. La licence actuelle de Plan 9 se conforme aux critères du logiciel
@@ -136,6 +143,7 @@
d'utiliser vos modifications. Bien que cela ne disqualifie pas cette licence
en tant que licence de logiciel libre (en admettant que les autres problèmes
soient corrigés), c'est néanmoins regrettable.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -145,7 +153,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -165,7 +173,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -180,7 +188,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -194,13 +202,13 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2000 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -212,11 +220,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:11 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: pragmatic.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/pragmatic.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.78
retrieving revision 1.79
diff -u -b -r1.78 -r1.79
--- pragmatic.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:11 -0000 1.78
+++ pragmatic.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.79
@@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/pragmatic.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Copyleft : idéalisme pragmatique - Projet GNU - Free Software
Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/pragmatic.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Copyleft : idéalisme pragmatique</h2>
-<p>
-par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
+Stallman</strong></a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Toute décision prise par une personne découle de ses valeurs et de ses buts
dans la vie. Les gens peuvent avoir beaucoup de buts et de valeurs
@@ -31,15 +39,15 @@
<p>
C'est essentiellement pour cette raison que la licence publique générale GNU
(GNU <abbr title="General Public License">GPL</abbr>) est écrite de cette
-manière â comme un <a href="/copyleft">copyleft</a>. Tout code ajouté Ã
un
-programme couvert par la GPL doit être un programme libre, même s'il est
-placé dans un fichier séparé. Je mets mon code à disposition pour qu'il
soit
-utilisé dans des logiciels libres, et non dans des logiciels privateurs,
-afin d'encourager ceux qui programment des logiciels à les rendre libres
-également. Puisque les développeurs de logiciels privateurs utilisent le
-copyright pour nous empêcher de partager, j'estime que nous, coopérateurs,
-pouvons utiliser le copyright pour donner aux autres coopérateurs un
-avantage bien à eux : ils peuvent utiliser notre code.</p>
+manière â comme un <a href="/licenses/copyleft.html">copyleft</a>. Tout
code
+ajouté à un programme couvert par la GPL doit être un programme libre, même
+s'il est placé dans un fichier séparé. Je mets mon code à disposition pour
+qu'il soit utilisé dans des logiciels libres, et non dans des logiciels
+privateurs, afin d'encourager ceux qui programment des logiciels à les
+rendre libres également. Puisque les développeurs de logiciels privateurs
+utilisent le copyright pour nous empêcher de partager, j'estime que nous,
+coopérateurs, pouvons utiliser le copyright pour donner aux autres
+coopérateurs un avantage bien à eux : ils peuvent utiliser notre code.</p>
<p>
Ceux qui utilisent la GNU GPL n'ont pas tous ce but. Il y a plusieurs
années, on a demandé à l'un de mes amis de republier un programme copylefté
@@ -159,11 +167,15 @@
communauté… si des « réalistes forcenés » disent que le profit
est le
seul idéal… ignorez-les et utilisez le copyleft tout de même.</p>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Cet article est publié dans le livre <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div id="fsfs" role="complementary">
+<p>Cet article est publié dans le livre <a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -176,7 +188,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -196,7 +208,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -225,7 +237,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 2003, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1998, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -243,11 +255,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:11 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: rtlinux-patent.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.60
retrieving revision 1.61
diff -u -b -r1.60 -r1.61
--- rtlinux-patent.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:11 -0000 1.60
+++ rtlinux-patent.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.61
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Une version de la « RTLinux Open Patent License » compatible avec
la GPL -
@@ -15,11 +18,18 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/rtlinux-patent.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Une version de la <i>RTLinux Open Patent License</i> compatible avec la
GPL</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Voici notre annonce du 8 octobre 2001 (sa publication a été retardée).</p>
+<blockquote>
<p>
La <i>Free Software Foundation</i> et <i>Finite State Machine Labs Inc.</i>
(FSMLabs) ont annoncé aujourd'hui la sortie de la <i>RTLinux Open Patent
@@ -44,12 +54,16 @@
de par le monde. La FSF remercie FSMLabs pour ses contributions répétées Ã
la communauté du logiciel libre.
</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
Voici l'annonce précédente, qui fut le sujet de notre <a
href="/press/2001-09-18-RTLinux.html">édition du 18 septembre</a>.
</p>
+<blockquote>
<p>
La <i>Free Software Foundation</i> et <i>Finite State Machine Labs</i>
(FSMLAbs) sont arrivés à un accord sur une version totalement compatible
@@ -66,7 +80,9 @@
remercie FSMLabs pour sa contribution à la communauté du logiciel libre avec
cette licence de brevet, ainsi que pour son soutien de longue date et la
publication de logiciels libres sous GPL.</p>
-
+</blockquote>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -79,7 +95,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -99,7 +115,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -114,7 +130,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -128,13 +144,13 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2001, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -146,11 +162,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:11 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: selling-exceptions.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/selling-exceptions.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.41
retrieving revision 1.42
diff -u -b -r1.41 -r1.42
--- selling-exceptions.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:11 -0000 1.41
+++ selling-exceptions.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.42
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.90 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Vendre des exceptions à la GNU GPL - Projet GNU - Free Software
Foundation</title>
@@ -9,9 +12,13 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/selling-exceptions.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Vendre des exceptions à la GNU GPL</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
<p>Vendre des exceptions veut dire que le détenteur du copyright sur le code
le
met à la disposition du grand public sous une licence de logiciel libre
@@ -146,6 +153,7 @@
principe. Je considère que vendre des exceptions est acceptable pour une
entreprise et je le suggérerai, le cas échéant, comme un moyen de libérer
des programmes.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -158,7 +166,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -178,7 +186,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -191,7 +199,7 @@
les infos nécessaires.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2015-2019 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2021 Richard
Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -209,7 +217,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:11 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: university.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/university.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.79
retrieving revision 1.80
diff -u -b -r1.79 -r1.80
--- university.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:11 -0000 1.79
+++ university.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.80
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/university.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Publier des logiciels libres si vous travaillez à l'université -
Projet GNU
@@ -9,8 +12,14 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/university.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Publier des logiciels libres si vous travaillez à l'université</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Dans le mouvement du logiciel libre, nous pensons que les utilisateurs
doivent être libres de modifier et de redistribuer les logiciels dont ils se
@@ -139,11 +148,15 @@
Rien ne peut mieux renforcer votre résolution que le fait de savoir que la
liberté de la communauté dépend, en cette occasion, de vous.</p>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Cet article est publié dans le livre <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div id="fsfs" role="complementary">
+<p>Cet article est publié dans le livre <a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -156,7 +169,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -176,7 +189,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -189,7 +202,7 @@
les infos nécessaires.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2020 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2014, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -207,11 +220,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:11 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: using-gfdl.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/using-gfdl.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.62
retrieving revision 1.63
diff -u -b -r1.62 -r1.63
--- using-gfdl.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:12 -0000 1.62
+++ using-gfdl.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.63
@@ -1,22 +1,30 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/using-gfdl.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Utiliser la GNU FDL - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/using-gfdl.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Utiliser la licence GNU de documentation libre</h2>
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">par <a href="https://www.stallman.org";>Richard
Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>Si vous connaissez une personne qui écrit un manuel sur les logiciels
libres
et qui envisage une publication commerciale, vous avez une chance d'aider le
mouvement du logiciel libre de manière significative, avec peu de travail :
en lui suggérant de publier le manuel sous la <a
-href="/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License - GNU FDL</a>
+href="/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation License - GNU FDL</a>
(licence GNU de documentation libre).</p>
<p>Jusqu'à récemment, la publication commerciale d'un livre impliquait
presque
@@ -62,9 +70,12 @@
libres et ne doit pas inciter les gens à l'achat de manière
agressive). Veuillez informer <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org";>
<webmasters@gnu.org></a> si vous trouvez de telles pages.</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>Article directement lié à ce sujet : <a
href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Logiciels et manuels libres</a>.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -74,7 +85,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -94,7 +105,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -109,7 +120,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -123,13 +134,13 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1999, 2021 Richard M. Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution, pas de modification, 3.0Â Ãtats-Unis (CCÂ BY-ND
-3.0Â US)</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/deed.fr";>Creative
+Commons attribution, pas de modification, 4.0Â internationale (CCÂ BY-ND
+4.0)</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
<div class="translators-credits">
@@ -141,11 +152,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:12 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: why-copyleft.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/why-copyleft.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.74
retrieving revision 1.75
diff -u -b -r1.74 -r1.75
--- why-copyleft.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:12 -0000 1.74
+++ why-copyleft.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.75
@@ -1,19 +1,32 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/why-copyleft.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Pourquoi le copyleft ? - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+.epigraph { text-align: right; color: #404040; }
+.epigraph p { display: inline-block; text-align: left; width: 80%; }
+-->
+</style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/why-copyleft.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Pourquoi le copyleft ?</h2>
-<p>
-<em>« Quand il s'agit de défendre la liberté d'autrui, ne pas résister et
-laisser faire est un acte de faiblesse, non d'humilité. »</em>
-</p>
+<div class="article">
+<div class="important">
+<p><em>« Quand il s'agit de défendre la liberté d'autrui, ne pas résister
et
+laisser faire est un acte de faiblesse, non d'humilité. »</em></p>
+</div>
<p>
Au sein du projet GNU, nous recommandons généralement l'utilisation de
@@ -68,9 +81,11 @@
<li>Dans la porte dérobée du <i>Management Engine</i> (moteur
d'administration)
de ses processeurs modernes, Intel utilise une <a
-href="http://www.tomshardware.com/news/google-removing-minix-management-engine-intel,35876.html";>version
+href="https://www.tomshardware.com/news/google-removing-minix-management-engine-intel,35876.html";>version
privatrice du système MINIX</a>, libre mais sans copyleft.</li>
</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -80,7 +95,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -100,7 +115,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -129,8 +144,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2008, 2013, 2017, 2018, 2020 Free Software
-Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2003, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -148,7 +162,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:12 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: words-to-avoid.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/words-to-avoid.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.205
retrieving revision 1.206
diff -u -b -r1.205 -r1.206
--- words-to-avoid.fr.html 4 Jul 2021 18:30:37 -0000 1.205
+++ words-to-avoid.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.206
@@ -1,16 +1,29 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.90 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="term" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Mots à éviter (ou à utiliser avec précaution), car connotés ou
prêtant Ã
confusion - Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+#word-list a { line-height: 1.8em; text-decoration: none; }
+-->
+
+</style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/words-to-avoid.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Mots à éviter ou à utiliser avec précaution,<br /><small>car connotés
ou
prêtant à confusion</small></h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>
Il y a un certain nombre de mots et d'expressions que nous vous recommandons
@@ -18,13 +31,7 @@
ou trompeurs ; d'autres présupposent un point de vue avec lequel nous ne
sommes pas d'accord et, nous l'espérons, vous n'êtes pas d'accord non
plus.</p>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>à consulter également : <a
href="/philosophy/categories.html">Catégories de
-logiciels libres et non libres</a> et <a
-href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Pourquoi l'appeler le
-Swindle (l'arnaque)Â ?</a></p></blockquote>
-</div>
-
+<div id="word-list" class="emph-box">
<p> <!-- GNUN-SORT-START -->
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -100,6 +107,16 @@
« <a href="#SharingEconomy">économie de partage</a> » | <!--
GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
« <a href="#Ecosystem">écosystème</a> » | <!-- GNUN-SORT-STOP -->
</p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="announcement">
+<p>à consulter également : <a
href="/philosophy/categories.html">Catégories de
+logiciels libres et non libres</a> et <a
+href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Pourquoi l'appeler le
+Swindle (l'arnaque)Â ?</a></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="no-display" />
<!-- GNUN-SORT-START -->
<!-- GNUN-SORT-BEGIN-KEY -->
@@ -254,7 +271,7 @@
Parmi les nombreuses significations de <i>cloud computing</i>, il y a le
stockage de données sur des services en ligne. Dans la plupart des
scénarios, c'est stupide car cela vous expose à la <a
-href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/apr/25/hackers-spooks-cloud-antiauthoritarian-dream";>surveillance</a>.
+href="https://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/apr/25/hackers-spooks-cloud-antiauthoritarian-dream";>surveillance</a>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -304,7 +321,7 @@
<p>
Curieusement, Larry Ellison, un développeur de logiciel privateur, a
également <a
-href="http://www.cnet.com/news/oracles-ellison-nails-cloud-computing/";>noté
+href="https://www.cnet.com/news/oracles-ellison-nails-cloud-computing/";>noté
la vacuité du terme <i>cloud computing</i></a>. Il a décidé de l'utiliser
quand même, car en tant que développeur de logiciel privateur, il n'est pas
motivé par les mêmes idéaux que nous.
@@ -384,7 +401,7 @@
« citoyens », plutôt que « consommateurs ».</p>
<p>
Le problème que pose l'emploi du mot « consommateur » a <a
-href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/11/capitalism-language-raymond-williams";>déjÃ
+href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/11/capitalism-language-raymond-williams";>déjÃ
été signalé</a>.
</p>
@@ -422,7 +439,7 @@
surprenant que les éditeurs de logiciel privateur vous présentent l'usage du
logiciel comme une commodité. Leur point de vue déformé transparaît
clairement dans <a
-href="http://www.businessinsider.com/former-google-exec-launches-sourcepoint-with-10-million-series-a-funding-2015-6";>cet
+href="https://www.businessinsider.com/former-google-exec-launches-sourcepoint-with-10-million-series-a-funding-2015-6";>cet
article</a>, qui se réfère également aux publications en tant que « <a
href="#Content">contenu</a> »</p>
@@ -430,11 +447,11 @@
Le point de vue réducteur associé à l'idée que nous « consommons du
contenu » ouvre la voie à des lois comme la <abbr title="Digital Millenium
Copyright Act">DMCA</abbr>, qui interdit aux utilisateurs de contourner les
-dispositifs de <a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>gestion numérique des
-restrictions (<abbr title="Digital Restrictions Management">DRM</abbr>)</a>
-des appareils numériques. Si les utilisateurs pensent que ces appareils leur
-servent à « consommer », ils peuvent considérer de telles restrictions
comme
-naturelles.</p>
+dispositifs de <a href="https://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>gestion numérique
+des restrictions (<abbr title="Digital Restrictions
+Management">DRM</abbr>)</a> des appareils numériques. Si les utilisateurs
+pensent que ces appareils leur servent à « consommer », ils peuvent
+considérer de telles restrictions comme naturelles.</p>
<p>
De plus, il favorise l'acceptation de services de « streaming » se servant
@@ -650,7 +667,7 @@
<i>[digital handcuffs]</i>.</p>
<p>
Merci de vous inscrire sur le site de notre <a
-href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>campagne pour abolir les DRM</a> pour
+href="https://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>campagne pour abolir les DRM</a> pour
lui apporter votre soutien.</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -725,7 +742,7 @@
<!-- GNUN-SORT-END-KEY -->
<p>
Un hacker est quelqu'un qui aime <a
-href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html";>exercer son ingéniosité
+href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html";>exercer son ingéniosité
de façon ludique</a> â pas nécessairement avec les ordinateurs. Les
programmeurs de l'ancienne communauté du logiciel libre du <abbr
title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr> des années 60 et 70
@@ -786,7 +803,7 @@
et sympa, l'« Internet des objets ».</p>
<p>
L'expérience montre que souvent ces produits <a
-href="http://www.locusmag.com/Perspectives/2015/09/cory-doctorow-what-if-people-were-sensors-not-things-to-be-sensed/";>espionnent
+href="https://www.locusmag.com/Perspectives/2015/09/cory-doctorow-what-if-people-were-sensors-not-things-to-be-sensed/";>espionnent
effectivement leurs utilisateurs</a> ; ils sont également conçus pour <a
href="https://archive.ieet.org/articles/rinesi20150806.html";>donner aux gens
des conseils biaisés</a>. De plus, le fabricant peut <a
@@ -999,7 +1016,7 @@
d'image en général. Photoshop n'est que le nom d'un éditeur d'image
particulier, qui doit être évité parce qu'il est privateur. Il existe
beaucoup de programmes libres pour l'édition d'images, comme <a
-href="/software/gimp">GIMP</a>.</p>
+href="https://www.gimp.org/";>GIMP</a>.</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
<!-- GNUN-SORT-BEGIN-KEY -->
@@ -1027,7 +1044,7 @@
<p>
Un juge américain qui présidait un procès pour infraction au copyright a
reconnu que <a
-href="http://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>«Â
piratage »
+href="https://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>«Â
piratage »
et « vol » étaient diffamatoires</a>.</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -1139,7 +1156,7 @@
l'obstruction. Nous appelons donc cela « obstruction à la copie ». Souvent
elle est appelée « gestion numérique des restrictions », ou <abbr
title="Digital Restrictions Management">DRM</abbr>. Voir la campagne <a
-href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org";>Defective by Design</a>.</p>
+href="https://DefectiveByDesign.org";>Defective by Design</a>.</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
<!-- GNUN-SORT-BEGIN-KEY -->
@@ -1279,7 +1296,7 @@
leurs codes ; vous les trouvez utiles ou gênants, mais de toute façon ils ne
vous oppriment pas parce que vous pouvez les ouvrir et les fermer. De même,
nous constatons que <a
-href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/may/01/encryption-wont-work-if-it-has-a-back-door-only-the-good-guys-have-keys-to-";>le
+href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/may/01/encryption-wont-work-if-it-has-a-back-door-only-the-good-guys-have-keys-to-";>le
chiffrement</a> constitue une protection inestimable de nos fichiers
numériques. Cela aussi est une sorte de serrure sur laquelle vous exercez un
contrôle.</p>
@@ -1310,13 +1327,13 @@
<p>
Le droit américain ne considère pas les infractions au copyright comme du
« vol ». <a
-href="http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=473&invol=207";>Les
+href="https://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=473&invol=207";>Les
lois sur le vol ne s'appliquent pas aux infractions au copyright</a>. Les
partisans d'un copyright répressif font appel à l'autorité â tout en
dénaturant ce que dit cette dernière.</p>
<p>
Pour réfuter leurs arguments, vous pouvez vous référer à cet <a
-href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/may/04/harper-lee-kill-mockingbird-copyright";>exemple
+href="https://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/may/04/harper-lee-kill-mockingbird-copyright";>exemple
concret</a> qui montre ce qu'on peut décrire à bon escient comme un « vol
de
copyright ».</p>
<p>
@@ -1330,7 +1347,7 @@
<p>
Un juge américain qui présidait un procès pour infraction au copyright a
reconnu que <a
-href="http://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>«Â
piratage »
+href="https://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>«Â
piratage »
et « vol » étaient diffamatoires</a>.</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -1397,11 +1414,12 @@
</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-STOP -->
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>Cet essai est publié dans <a
-href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="thin" />
+<p id="fsfs">Cet essai est publié dans <a
+href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p>
+</div>
<div class="translators-notes">
@@ -1438,7 +1456,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -1458,7 +1476,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -1487,8 +1505,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1996-1999, 2001-2004, 2007-2012, 2015-2018, 2020, 2021 Free
-Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1996-2018, 2020, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -1506,7 +1523,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/07/04 18:30:37 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: x.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/x.fr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.63
retrieving revision 1.64
diff -u -b -r1.63 -r1.64
--- x.fr.html 31 May 2021 21:09:12 -0000 1.63
+++ x.fr.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.64
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/x.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.fr.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
<title>Le piège X Window System - Projet GNU - Free Software
Foundation</title>
@@ -14,11 +17,14 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/x.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.fr.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.fr.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Le piège X Window System</h2>
<address class="byline">par Richard M. Stallman</address>
-<hr class="thin" />
+
<div class="article">
<p>
Copyleft ou pas ? C'est l'une des controverses majeures dans la communauté
@@ -169,6 +175,7 @@
non seulement la nôtre, mais celle de toute la communauté.</p>
</div>
</div>
+
<div class="translators-notes">
<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
@@ -180,7 +187,7 @@
<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.fr.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <<a
@@ -200,7 +207,7 @@
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
@@ -229,7 +236,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2009, 2015, 2020 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1998, 2009, 2021 Richard M. Stallman</p>
<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
rel="license"
@@ -247,11 +254,12 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Dernière mise à jour :
-$Date: 2021/05/31 21:09:12 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
</div>
+<!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/motif.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/motif.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.34
diff -u -b -r1.33 -r1.34
--- po/motif.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:59:16 -0000 1.33
+++ po/motif.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.34
@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Motif License - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/motif.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>The Motif License</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
A couple of weeks ago, the Open Group changed the license of Motif,
inviting free software developers to use it. However, the new Motif
@@ -64,15 +72,18 @@
for. The facts of the situation are complex enough; confusing the
issue is not welcome.</p>
-<h3 id="LaterNote">Later Note</h3>
+<h3 id="LaterNote" class="footnote">Later Note</h3>
<p>
<em>In 2012, <a href="http://motif.sourceforge.net/";>
Motif</a> was released under the GNU Lesser General Public
License, version 2.1.</em></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -90,31 +101,29 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 1997, 1998, 1999, 2007, 2008, 2010 Free Software
Foundation,
-Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1997-1999, 2013, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.
-</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:59:16 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/netscape-npl.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/netscape-npl.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.33
retrieving revision 1.34
diff -u -b -r1.33 -r1.34
--- po/netscape-npl.fr-en.html 14 Dec 2015 11:30:48 -0000 1.33
+++ po/netscape-npl.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.34
@@ -1,25 +1,30 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
-<title>Netscape Public License
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
+<title>On the Netscape Public License
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/netscape-npl.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>On the Netscape Public License</h2>
-<p>
-by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>
-(The <a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html"> original version</a>
+<p>
+The <a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html"> original version</a>
of this article was written in March 1998 about a draft of the NPL.
Our first article on the subject was
<a href="/philosophy/netscape.html">Netscape is considering making
-the Netscape browser free software</a>.)</p></blockquote>
-</div>
+the Netscape browser free software</a>.</p>
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div class="article">
<p>
The Netscape Public License, or NPL, as it was ultimately designed in
1998, is a free software license—but it has three major flaws.
@@ -194,17 +199,19 @@
<p>
If Netscape feels it can live with the trouble of (effectively)
proprietary modifications, surely the trouble of GPL-covered
-modifications is a small by comparison. If Netscape believes that
+modifications is small by comparison. If Netscape believes that
practical considerations will encourage most of the proprietary
software world to release its changes back to Netscape, without being
compelled to, the same reasons ought to apply in the free software
world as well. Netscape should recognize that this change is
acceptable, and adopt it, to avoid confronting free software
developers with a serious dilemma.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -222,13 +229,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -249,7 +256,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 2003, 2007, 2013, 2015 Free Software Foundation,
Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -259,10 +266,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2015/12/14 11:30:48 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/plan-nine.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/plan-nine.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- po/plan-nine.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:59:31 -0000 1.32
+++ po/plan-nine.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.33
@@ -1,12 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The Problems of the Plan 9 License
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/plan-nine.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>The Problems of the (Earlier) Plan 9 License</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p><em>Note:</em> This applies to the earlier license used for Plan 9.
The current license of Plan 9 does qualify as free software (and also
@@ -141,10 +149,11 @@
unlimited rights to use your changes. While this does not by itself
disqualify the license as a free software license (if the other
problems were corrected), it is unfortunate.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -162,19 +171,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -189,20 +198,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2000 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:59:31 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/plan-nine.fr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/plan-nine.fr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.35
retrieving revision 1.36
diff -u -b -r1.35 -r1.36
--- po/plan-nine.fr.po 21 Jul 2021 19:51:51 -0000 1.35
+++ po/plan-nine.fr.po 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.36
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
-"X-Outdated-Since: 2021-07-21 18:26+0000\n"
"Plural-Forms: \n"
#. type: Content of: <title>
Index: po/pragmatic.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/pragmatic.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.35
retrieving revision 1.36
diff -u -b -r1.35 -r1.36
--- po/pragmatic.fr-en.html 26 Oct 2020 19:00:55 -0000 1.35
+++ po/pragmatic.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.36
@@ -1,16 +1,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/pragmatic.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism</h2>
-<p>
-by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>
Every decision a person makes stems from the person's values and
goals. People can have many different goals and values; fame, profit,
@@ -26,7 +32,7 @@
and thus make our society better.</p>
<p>
That's the basic reason why the GNU General Public License is written
-the way it is—as a <a href="/copyleft"> copyleft</a>.
+the way it is—as a <a href="/licenses/copyleft.html"> copyleft</a>.
All code added to a GPL-covered program
must be free software, even if it is put in a separate file. I make
my code available for use in free software, and not for use in
@@ -152,15 +158,19 @@
“hard-nosed realists” say that profit is the only
ideal…just ignore them, and use copyleft all the same.</p>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This essay is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div id="fsfs" role="complementary">
+<p>This essay is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -178,13 +188,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -205,7 +215,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 2003, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1998, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -215,10 +225,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/26 19:00:55 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/rtlinux-patent.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/rtlinux-patent.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- po/rtlinux-patent.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:59:45 -0000 1.32
+++ po/rtlinux-patent.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.33
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>GPL-compliant version of RTLinux Open Patent License in Works
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software
@@ -10,12 +13,19 @@
fully GPL-compliant version of FSMLabs RTLinux Open Patent License." />
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/rtlinux-patent.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>GPL-compliant version of RTLinux Open Patent License in Works</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
+<div class="article">
<p>
-Here is our new announcement as of Oct 8 (its actual posting was
+Here is our new announcement as of Oct 8, 2001 (its actual posting was
delayed).</p>
+<blockquote>
<p>
The Free Software Foundation and Finite State Machine Labs Inc.
(FSMLabs) today announced the release of the Open RTLinux patent
@@ -38,12 +48,16 @@
thanks FSMLabs for its continuing contributions to the free software
community.
</p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>
Here is the previous announcement, which was the subject of our
<a href="/press/2001-09-18-RTLinux.html">18 September press release</a>.
</p>
+<blockquote>
<p>
The Free Software Foundation and Finite State Machine Labs (FSMLAbs) have
come to an agreement on a fully GPL-compliant version of FSMLabs RTLinux
@@ -59,11 +73,13 @@
The FSF thanks FSMLabs for its contribution of this patent license to the
free software community, and for its longstanding support and publication
of free software under the GPL.</p>
-
+</blockquote>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -81,19 +97,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -108,20 +124,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2001, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:59:45 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/selling-exceptions.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/selling-exceptions.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.31
retrieving revision 1.32
diff -u -b -r1.31 -r1.32
--- po/selling-exceptions.fr-en.html 30 Dec 2019 12:08:33 -0000 1.31
+++ po/selling-exceptions.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.32
@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.90 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Selling Exceptions to the GNU GPL
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<link rel="canonical" href="http://www.fsf.org/blogs/rms/selling-exceptions"; />
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/selling-exceptions.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Selling Exceptions to the GNU GPL</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
<p>Selling exceptions means that the copyright holder of the code
releases it to the general public under a valid free software license,
@@ -116,7 +124,7 @@
<p>Another reason we release only under the GPL is so as not to permit
proprietary extensions that would present practical advantages over
our free programs. Users for whom freedom is not a value might choose
-those non-free versions rather than the free programs they are based
+those nonfree versions rather than the free programs they are based
on—and lose their freedom. We don't want to encourage that.</p>
<p>There are occasional cases where, for specific reasons of
@@ -135,10 +143,11 @@
consider selling exceptions an acceptable thing for a company to do,
and I will suggest it where appropriate as a way to get programs
freed.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -156,16 +165,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Richard
Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2009, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019, 2021 Richard
Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -175,7 +184,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2019/12/30 12:08:33 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/university.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/university.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.40
retrieving revision 1.41
diff -u -b -r1.40 -r1.41
--- po/university.fr-en.html 26 Oct 2020 19:00:55 -0000 1.40
+++ po/university.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.41
@@ -1,11 +1,20 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Releasing Free Software If You Work at a University
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/university.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Releasing Free Software If You Work at a University</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
+<div class="article">
<p>
In the free software movement, we believe computer users should have
the freedom to change and redistribute the software that they use.
@@ -124,15 +133,19 @@
Nothing strengthens your resolve like knowing that the community's
freedom depends, in one instance, on you.</p>
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This essay is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="thin" />
+<div id="fsfs" role="complementary">
+<p>This essay is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
@@ -150,16 +163,16 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for
-information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p>
+information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p>
</div>
-<p>Copyright © 2002, 2020 Richard Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2002, 2014, 2021 Richard Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -169,10 +182,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/26 19:00:55 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/using-gfdl.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/using-gfdl.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.35
retrieving revision 1.36
diff -u -b -r1.35 -r1.36
--- po/using-gfdl.fr-en.html 12 Apr 2014 13:59:57 -0000 1.35
+++ po/using-gfdl.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.36
@@ -1,18 +1,27 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Using GNU FDL
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/using-gfdl.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Using GNU FDL</h2>
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
+<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/";>Richard
+Stallman</a></address>
+<div class="article">
<p>If you know someone who is writing a manual about free software,
and looking towards commercial publication, you have a chance to help
the Free Software Movement a great deal with a small amount of work:
by suggesting the idea of publishing the manual under
-the <a href="/copyleft/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation
+the <a href="/licenses/fdl.html">GNU Free Documentation
License</a>.</p>
<p>Until recently, commercial book publication almost always implied a
@@ -57,13 +66,16 @@
should not be obnoxious about trying to persuade people to buy).
Please inform <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org";>
<webmasters@gnu.org></a> about such pages.</p>
+</div>
+<hr class="column-limit" />
<p>See also <a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Free Software and Free
Manuals</a>.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -81,19 +93,19 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -108,20 +120,20 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1999 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1999, 2021 Richard M. Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/04/12 13:59:57 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
Index: po/why-copyleft.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/why-copyleft.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.38
retrieving revision 1.39
diff -u -b -r1.38 -r1.39
--- po/why-copyleft.fr-en.html 1 Jul 2020 16:32:18 -0000 1.38
+++ po/why-copyleft.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.39
@@ -1,15 +1,27 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Why Copyleft?
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+.epigraph { text-align: right; color: #404040; }
+.epigraph p { display: inline-block; text-align: left; width: 80%; }
+--></style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/why-copyleft.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Why Copyleft?</h2>
-<p>
-<cite>“When it comes to defending the freedom of others, to lie
-down and do nothing is an act of weakness, not humility.”</cite>
-</p>
+<div class="article">
+<div class="important">
+<p><em>When it comes to defending everyone's freedom, to lie
+down and do nothing is an act of weakness, not humility.</em></p>
+</div>
<p>
In the GNU Project we usually recommend people
@@ -62,15 +74,17 @@
and is likely to remain so.</li>
<li>Intel uses
-<a
href="http://www.tomshardware.com/news/google-removing-minix-management-engine-intel,35876.html";>a
+<a
href="https://www.tomshardware.com/news/google-removing-minix-management-engine-intel,35876.html";>a
proprietary version of the MINIX system</a>, which is free but not
copylefted, in the Management Engine back door in its modern
processors.</li>
</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -88,13 +102,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -115,7 +129,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2003, 2007, 2008, 2013, 2017, 2018, 2020 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2003, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -125,7 +139,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/07/01 16:32:18 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/words-to-avoid.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/words-to-avoid.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.118
retrieving revision 1.119
diff -u -b -r1.118 -r1.119
--- po/words-to-avoid.fr-en.html 31 May 2021 10:30:23 -0000 1.118
+++ po/words-to-avoid.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.119
@@ -1,10 +1,22 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.90 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="term" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>Words to Avoid (or Use with Care) Because They Are Loaded or Confusing
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<style type="text/css" media="print,screen"><!--
+#word-list a { line-height: 1.8em; text-decoration: none; }
+-->
+</style>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/words-to-avoid.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
+<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>Words to Avoid (or Use with Care) Because They Are Loaded or Confusing</h2>
+<div class="thin"></div>
<p>
There are a number of words and phrases that we recommend avoiding, or
@@ -12,13 +24,7 @@
misleading; others presuppose a viewpoint that we disagree with, and
we hope you disagree with it too.</p>
-<div class="announcement">
-<blockquote><p>Also note <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of
Free
-Software</a>,
-<a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Why Call It The
-Swindle?</a></p></blockquote>
-</div>
-
+<div id="word-list" class="emph-box">
<p><span class="gnun-split"></span><!-- GNUN-SORT-START --> “<a
href="#Ad-blocker">Ad-blocker</a>”
|<span class="gnun-split"></span><!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM --> “<a
@@ -136,6 +142,16 @@
|<span class="gnun-split"></span><!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM --> “<a
href="#Vendor">Vendor</a>”
<span class="gnun-split"></span><!-- GNUN-SORT-STOP --></p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="no-display" />
+<div class="announcement">
+<p>Also note <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free
+Software</a>,
+<a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html">Why Call It The
+Swindle?</a></p>
+</div>
+<hr class="no-display" />
<!-- GNUN-SORT-START -->
<!-- GNUN-SORT-BEGIN-KEY -->
@@ -287,7 +303,7 @@
One of the many meanings of “cloud computing” is storing
your data in online services. In most scenarios, that is foolish
because it exposes you to
-<a
href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/apr/25/hackers-spooks-cloud-antiauthoritarian-dream";>surveillance</a>.
+<a
href="https://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2011/apr/25/hackers-spooks-cloud-antiauthoritarian-dream";>surveillance</a>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -329,7 +345,7 @@
<p>
Curiously, Larry Ellison, a proprietary software developer,
-also <a href="http://www.cnet.com/news/oracles-ellison-nails-cloud-computing/";>
+also <a
href="https://www.cnet.com/news/oracles-ellison-nails-cloud-computing/";>
noted the vacuity of the term “cloud computing.”</a> He
decided to use the term anyway because, as a proprietary software
developer, he isn't motivated by the same ideals as we are.
@@ -417,14 +433,14 @@
or the accountant of a publishing company. It is no surprise that
proprietary software would like you to think of the use of software as
a commodity. Their twisted viewpoint comes through clearly
-in <a
href="http://www.businessinsider.com/former-google-exec-launches-sourcepoint-with-10-million-series-a-funding-2015-6";>this
+in <a
href="https://www.businessinsider.com/former-google-exec-launches-sourcepoint-with-10-million-series-a-funding-2015-6";>this
article</a>, which also refers to publications as
“<a href="#Content">content</a>.”</p>
<p>
The narrow thinking associated with the idea that we “consume
content” paves the way for laws such as the DMCA that forbid
-users to break the <a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>Digital
+users to break the <a href="https://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>Digital
Restrictions Management</a> (DRM) facilities in digital devices. If
users think what they do with these devices is “consume,”
they may see such restrictions as natural.</p>
@@ -491,7 +507,7 @@
“citizens,” rather than “consumers.”</p>
<p>
This problem with the word “consumer” has
-been <a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/11/capitalism-language-raymond-williams";>noted
before</a>.
+been <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/11/capitalism-language-raymond-williams";>noted
before</a>.
</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -633,7 +649,7 @@
locks, and their keys or codes as well; you may find them useful or
troublesome, but they don't oppress you, because you can open and
close them. Likewise, we
-find <a
href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/may/01/encryption-wont-work-if-it-has-a-back-door-only-the-good-guys-have-keys-to-";>encryption</a>
+find <a
href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/may/01/encryption-wont-work-if-it-has-a-back-door-only-the-good-guys-have-keys-to-";>encryption</a>
invaluable for protecting our digital files. That too is a kind
of digital lock that you have control over.</p>
<p>
@@ -665,7 +681,7 @@
Good alternatives include “Digital Restrictions
Management,” and “digital handcuffs.”</p>
<p>
-Please sign up to support our <a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>
+Please sign up to support our <a href="https://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>
campaign to abolish DRM</a>.</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -814,7 +830,7 @@
<!-- GNUN-SORT-END-KEY -->
<p>
A hacker is someone
-who <a href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html";> enjoys
+who <a href="https://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html";> enjoys
playful cleverness</a>—not necessarily with computers. The
programmers in the old
<abbr title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</abbr> free
@@ -871,7 +887,7 @@
<p>
Experience shows that these products often do
<a
-href="http://www.locusmag.com/Perspectives/2015/09/cory-doctorow-what-if-people-were-sensors-not-things-to-be-sensed/";>
+href="https://www.locusmag.com/Perspectives/2015/09/cory-doctorow-what-if-people-were-sensors-not-things-to-be-sensed/";>
spy on their users</a>. They are also tailor-made for
<a href="https://archive.ieet.org/articles/rinesi20150806.html";>giving
people biased advice</a>. In addition, the manufacturer can <a
@@ -1045,7 +1061,7 @@
any kind of photo manipulation or image editing in general. Photoshop
is just the name of one particular image editing program, which should
be avoided since it is proprietary. There are plenty of free programs
-for editing images, such as the <a href="/software/gimp">GIMP</a>.</p>
+for editing images, such as the <a href="https://www.gimp.org/";>GIMP</a>.</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
<!-- GNUN-SORT-BEGIN-KEY -->
@@ -1072,7 +1088,7 @@
<p>
A US judge, presiding over a trial for copyright infringement,
recognized that
-<a
href="http://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>“piracy”
+<a
href="https://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>“piracy”
and “theft” are smear words.</a></p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -1133,7 +1149,7 @@
obstruction. So we could call that malicious feature “copy
obstruction.” More often it is called Digital Restrictions
Management (DRM)—see the
-<a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org";> Defective by Design</a>
+<a href="https://DefectiveByDesign.org";> Defective by Design</a>
campaign.</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -1317,13 +1333,13 @@
<p>
Under the US legal system, copyright infringement is not theft.
<a
-href="http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=473&invol=207";>
+href="https://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=473&invol=207";>
Laws about theft are not applicable to copyright infringement.</a>
The supporters of repressive copyright are making an appeal to
authority—and misrepresenting what authority says.</p>
<p>
To refute them, you can point to this
-<a
href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/may/04/harper-lee-kill-mockingbird-copyright";>
+<a
href="https://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/may/04/harper-lee-kill-mockingbird-copyright";>
real case</a> which shows what can properly be described as
“copyright theft.”</p>
<p>
@@ -1337,7 +1353,7 @@
<p>
A US judge, presiding over a trial for copyright infringement,
recognized that
-<a
href="http://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>“piracy”
+<a
href="https://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>“piracy”
and “theft” are smear-words.</a></p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-NEXT-ITEM -->
@@ -1368,15 +1384,16 @@
</p>
<!-- GNUN-SORT-STOP -->
-<hr />
-<blockquote id="fsfs"><p>This essay is published
-in <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
+<hr class="thin" />
+<p id="fsfs">This essay is published in
+<a href="https://shop.fsf.org/product/free-software-free-society/";><cite>Free
Software, Free Society: The Selected Essays of Richard
-M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p></blockquote>
+M. Stallman</cite></a>.</p>
+</div>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -1394,13 +1411,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -1421,8 +1438,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007,
-2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020, 2021 Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1996-2018, 2020, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -1432,7 +1448,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2021/05/31 10:30:23 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/x.fr-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/x.fr-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.36
retrieving revision 1.37
diff -u -b -r1.36 -r1.37
--- po/x.fr-en.html 6 Oct 2020 08:42:17 -0000 1.36
+++ po/x.fr-en.html 21 Jul 2021 20:02:13 -0000 1.37
@@ -1,19 +1,24 @@
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 -->
+<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
+<!--#set var="TAGS" value="licensing" -->
+<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
<title>The X Window System Trap
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<meta http-equiv="Keywords"
content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation, freedom, Richard Stallman,
rms, free software movement" />
<meta http-equiv="Description"
content="Richard Stallman discusses the history of the movement to
develop a free operating system." />
-
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/x.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" -->
+<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
<div class="reduced-width">
<h2>The X Window System Trap</h2>
<address class="byline">by Richard M. Stallman</address>
-<hr class="thin" />
+
<div class="article">
<p>
To copyleft or not to copyleft? That is one of the major
@@ -155,9 +160,10 @@
community.</p>
</div>
</div>
+
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
-<div id="footer">
+<div id="footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="unprintable">
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
@@ -175,13 +181,13 @@
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org";>
<web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p>
- <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
our web pages, see <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
README</a>. -->
Please see the <a
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
of this article.</p>
</div>
@@ -202,7 +208,7 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2009, 2015, 2020 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © 1998, 2009, 2021 Richard M. Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/";>Creative
@@ -212,10 +218,10 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2020/10/06 08:42:17 $
+$Date: 2021/07/21 20:02:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
-</div>
+</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include -->
</body>
</html>
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