www/philosophy/po when-free-software-isnt-pract...

[Wensheng XIE]

CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     Wensheng XIE <wxie>     19/03/24 09:19:12

Added files:
        philosophy/po  : 
                         when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.zh-cn.po 

Log message:
        zh-cn: new translation

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1

Patches:
Index: when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.zh-cn.po
diff -N when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.zh-cn.po
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.zh-cn.po       24 Mar 2019 
13:19:11 -0000      1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+# Simplified Chinese translation of 
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.html
+# Copyright (C) 2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>, 2019.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-07-23 05:25+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-03-24 21:14+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Chinese <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"When Free Software Isn't (Practically) Superior - GNU Project - Free "
+"Software Foundation"
+msgstr "当自由软件（使用起来）并不更好时 - GNU工程 - 
自由软件基金会"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "When Free Software Isn't (Practically) Superior"
+msgstr "当自由软件（使用起来）并不更好时"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"by <a href=\"https://mako.cc/writing/\";><strong>Benjamin Mako Hill</strong></"
+"a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"https://mako.cc/writing/\";><strong>Benjamin Mako Hill</strong></a> "
+"著"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The Open Source Initiative's mission statement reads, &ldquo;Open source is "
+"a development method for software that harnesses the power of distributed "
+"peer review and transparency of process. The promise of open source is "
+"better quality, higher reliability, more flexibility, lower cost, and an end "
+"to predatory vendor lock-in.&rdquo;"
+msgstr ""
+"开源倡议的使命写得是，&ldquo;开源是一种软件开发的方法，它利用的是分布式同行评"
+"è®®å’Œé€æ˜Žçš„æµç¨‹ã€‚å¼€æºæ‰¿è¯ºæ›´å¥½çš„è´¨é‡ã€æ›´é«˜çš„å¯é 
性、更多的灵活性、更低的成本以"
+"及消灭压榨式的供应商绑定。&rdquo;"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For more than a decade now, the Free Software Foundation has argued against "
+"this &ldquo;open source&rdquo; characterization of the free software "
+"movement. Free software advocates have primarily argued against this framing "
+"because &ldquo;open source&rdquo; is an explicit effort to deemphasize our "
+"core message of freedom and obscure our movement's role in the success of "
+"the software we have built. We have argued that &ldquo;open source&rdquo; is "
+"bad, fundamentally, because it attempts to keep people from talking about "
+"software freedom. But there is another reason we should be wary of the open "
+"source framing. The fundamental open source argument, as quoted in the "
+"mission statement above, is often incorrect."
+msgstr ""
+"十多年来，自由软件基金会一直反对这种对自由软件运动的&ldquo;开源&rdquo;界定。"
+"自由软件倡导者反对&ldquo;开源&rdquo;æ¡†æž¶çš„ä¸»è¦åŽŸå› 
是，开源明确地淡化我们关于"
+"自由的æ 
¸å¿ƒç†å¿µã€æ¨¡ç³Šæˆ‘们在成功建立自由软件运动之中的角色。我们认为&ldquo;开源"
+"&rdquo;ä»Žæ ¹æœ¬ä¸Šå°±æ˜¯ä¸å¥½çš„ï¼Œå› 
为它企图阻止人们谈论软件自由。但是，我们还有另外"
+"ä¸€ä¸ªåŽŸå› è¦å°å¿ƒå¯¹å¾…
开源架构。就以上所述的使命，开源的基本观点并不正确。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Although the Open Source Initiative suggests &ldquo;the promise of open "
+"source is better quality, higher reliability, more flexibility,&rdquo; this "
+"promise is not always realized. Although we do not often advertise the fact, "
+"any user of an early-stage free software project can explain that free "
+"software is not always as convenient, in purely practical terms, as its "
+"proprietary competitors. Free software is sometimes low quality. It is "
+"sometimes unreliable. It is sometimes inflexible. If people take the "
+"arguments in favor of open source seriously, they must explain why open "
+"source has not lived up to its &ldquo;promise&rdquo; and conclude that "
+"proprietary tools would be a better choice. There is no reason we should "
+"have to do either."
+msgstr ""
+"虽然开源倡议说得是&ldquo;æ‰¿è¯ºæ›´å¥½çš„è´¨é‡ã€æ›´é«˜çš„å¯é 
性、更多的灵活性&rdquo;，"
+"ä½†æ˜¯è¿™æ‰¿è¯ºå¹¶ä¸æ€»èƒ½å…‘çŽ°ã€‚è¯šç„¶ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬é€šå¸¸ä¸å®£ä¼ 
，使用自由软件早期版本的用户还是"
+"可以理解自由软件和专有软件相比，从纯粹的实用观点来看，并不总是很方便好用的。"
+"è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶çš„è´¨é‡æœ‰æ—¶ä¸å¥½ã€å¯é 
性也不太高、还不太灵活。如果人们用这些作为论据来"
+"严肃地为开源辩护，那么他们就必
须解释为什么开源不能够兑现其 &ldquo;承诺"
+"&rdquo; 
并得出选择专有软件或许更好的结论。对我们来说，这两个都不是问题。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Richard Stallman speaks to this in his article on <a href=\"/philosophy/open-"
+"source-misses-the-point.html\">Why Open Source Misses the Point</a> when he "
+"explains, &ldquo;The idea of open source is that allowing users to change "
+"and redistribute the software will make it more powerful and reliable. But "
+"this is not guaranteed. Developers of proprietary software are not "
+"necessarily incompetent. Sometimes they produce a program that is powerful "
+"and reliable, even though it does not respect the users' freedom.&rdquo;"
+msgstr ""
+"Richard Stallman 在 <a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"
+"\">为什么开源错失了重点</a> 
一文中指出了这一点，他说，&ldquo;开源认为允许用户"
+"ä¿®æ”¹å’Œå†å‘å¸ƒè½¯ä»¶å°±ä¼šä½¿è½¯ä»¶æ›´å¼ºå¤§å’Œå¯é 
。但这并没有保证。专有软件的开发者并不"
+"å·®ï¼Œä»–ä»¬æœ‰æ—¶ä¹Ÿèƒ½åšå‡ºå¼ºå¤§å’Œå¯é çš„è½¯ä»¶ï¼Œè™½ç„¶è¿™äº›è½¯ä»¶æ— 
视用户的自由。&rdquo;"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For open source, poor-quality software is a problem to be explained away or "
+"a reason to eschew the software altogether. For free software, it is a "
+"problem to be worked through. For free software advocates, glitches and "
+"missing features are never a source of shame.  Any piece of free software "
+"that respects users' freedom has a strong inherent advantage over a "
+"proprietary competitor that does not. Even if it has other issues, free "
+"software always has freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"对开源来说，差劲的软件是一个应该被辩解过去的问题或者
是一个应该避开该软件的理"
+"由。对自由软件来说，这个软件正是我们要努力改进的问题。对自由软件的提倡è€
…来"
+"说，软件的毛病
和功能缺失从来就不是耻辱。一份尊重用户自由的自由软件å†
…在的优势"
+"远远强于相应的专有软件。纵然自由软件有些毛病
，但它总是拥有自由。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Of course, every piece of free software must start somewhere. A brand-new "
+"piece of software, for example, is unlikely to be more featureful than an "
+"established proprietary tool. Projects begin with many bugs and improve over "
+"time. While open source advocates might argue that a project will grow into "
+"usefulness over time and with luck, free software projects represent "
+"important contributions on day one to a free software advocate. Every piece "
+"of software that gives users control over their technology is a step "
+"forward. Improved quality as a project matures is the icing on the cake."
+msgstr ""
+"当然，千里之行，始于足下，自由软件也不例外。比如，有一个å
…¨æ–°çš„自由软件，它很"
+"可能不会像一个已经历练了很久的专有软件那æ 
·åŠŸèƒ½ä¸°å¯Œã€‚项目总是带着许多问题开"
+"始，然后通过时间的考验而改进。虽然开源的倡导者
可能会争辩说项目会通过时间和运"
+"气走向可用，但是对自由软件的倡导者
来说，自由软件项目从第一天开始就代表着重要"
+"的贡献。每一个赋予用户对技术的自我掌控的软件都是进步。随着项目的进行，软件质"
+"量的提升则是锦上添花。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A second, perhaps even more damning, fact is that the collaborative, "
+"distributed, peer-review development process at the heart of the definition "
+"of open source bears little resemblance to the practice of software "
+"development in the vast majority of projects under free (or &ldquo;open "
+"source&rdquo;) licenses."
+msgstr ""
+"第二个，也许是更确凿的事实是，合作、分布、同行评议的开发流程作为开源的æ
 ¸å¿ƒå®š"
+"义与绝大多数使用自由（或 
&ldquo;开源&rdquo;ï¼‰è®¸å¯è¯çš„é¡¹ç›®çš„å¼€å‘å®žè·µå¹¶æ— ç›¸ä¼¼ä¹‹"
+"处。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Several academic studies of <a href=\"/software/repo-criteria.html\"> free "
+"software hosting sites</a> SourceForge and <a href=\"http://sv.gnu.org";
+"\">Savannah</a> have shown what many free software developers who have put a "
+"codebase online already know first-hand. The vast majority of free software "
+"projects are not particularly collaborative. The median number of "
+"contributors to a free software project on SourceForge? One. A lone "
+"developer. SourceForge projects at the ninety-fifth percentile by "
+"participant size have only five contributors. More than half of these free "
+"software projects&mdash;and even most projects that have made several "
+"successful releases and been downloaded frequently, are the work of a single "
+"developer with little outside help."
+msgstr ""
+"å¥½å‡ ä¸ªå…³äºŽ<a 
href=\"/software/repo-criteria.html\">自由软件托管网站</a> "
+"SourceForge 和 <a href=\"http://sv.gnu.org\";>Savannah</a> 的学术ç 
”究都指出一"
+"个众多把软件托管到网络的自由软件开发者
早就已经知道的现象。绝大多数自由软件项"
+"目并不是合作开发的模式。SourceForge 上自由软件项目贡献者
的中位数是多少?是 1。"
+"是一个单独的开发者。95% 的 SourceForge 项目的参与者
只有5个人。其中超过半数的"
+"自由软件项目&mdash;&mdash;ç”šè‡³å¤§å¤šæ•°æˆåŠŸå‘å¸ƒäº†å‡ 
版并有不菲下载量的项目都是由"
+"一个单一的开发者在没有外界帮助的情况下做出的作品。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"By emphasizing the power of collaborative development and &ldquo;distributed "
+"peer review,&rdquo; open source approaches seem to have very little to say "
+"about why one should use, or contribute to, the vast majority of free "
+"software projects. Because the purported benefits of collaboration cannot be "
+"realized when there is no collaboration, the vast majority of free "
+"development projects are at no technical advantage with respect to a "
+"proprietary competitor."
+msgstr ""
+"除了强调协作式开发和&ldquo;分布式同行评议&rdquo;，开源似乎闭口不谈为什么人们"
+"åº”è¯¥ä½¿ç”¨æˆ–è´¡çŒ®äºŽç»å¤§å¤šæ•°çš„è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶é¡¹ç›®ã€‚å› ä¸ºä»–ä»¬æ‰€æ 
‡æ¦œçš„协作带来的好处在没有"
+"åä½œæ—¶æ˜¯æ— 
法实现的，所以这些绝大多数自由软件项目和专有软件相比毫æ—
 技术优势。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For free software advocates, these same projects are each seen as important "
+"successes. Because every piece of free software respects its users' freedom, "
+"advocates of software freedom argue that each piece of free software begins "
+"with an inherent ethical advantage over proprietary competitors&mdash;even a "
+"more featureful one. By emphasizing freedom over practical advantages, free "
+"software's advocacy is rooted in a technical reality in a way that open "
+"source is often not. When free software is better, we can celebrate this "
+"fact. When it is not, we need not treat it as a damning critique of free "
+"software advocacy or even as a compelling argument against the use of the "
+"software in question."
+msgstr ""
+"对自由软件倡导者
æ¥è¯´ï¼Œè¿˜æ˜¯è¿™äº›é¡¹ç›®ï¼Œæ¯ä¸ªéƒ½æ˜¯é‡è¦çš„æˆåŠŸã€‚å› 
为每个自由软件都尊"
+"重用户的自由，所以自由软件的倡导者
可以说，每个自由软件一开始就有超越专有软件"
+"的天然道德优势&mdash;甚至超
过那些拥有更多功能的专有软件。通过强调自由的优势超"
+"过实用，自由软件倡导者
的技术基础往往和开源有所不同。当自由软件更好用时，我们"
+"为之喝彩。当自由软件不那么好用时，我们也不必
认为这是对倡导自由软件的毁灭性批"
+"评，甚至也不会认为这是反对使用自由软件的有力证据。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Open source advocates must defend their thesis that freely developed "
+"software should, or will with time, be better than proprietary software. "
+"Free software supporters can instead ask, &ldquo;How can we make free "
+"software better?&rdquo; In a free software framing, high quality software "
+"exists as a means to an end rather than an end itself. Free software "
+"developers should strive to create functional, flexible software that serves "
+"its users well. But doing so is not the only way to make steps toward "
+"solving what is both an easier and a much more profoundly important goal: "
+"respecting and protecting their freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"开源的推动者必
须固守他们的观点：自由开发的软件应该，或者
随着时间的推移应该比"
+"专有软件更好。而自由软件的支持者会问，&ldquo;我们怎æ 
·æ‰èƒ½ä½¿è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶æ›´å¥½ï¼Ÿ"
+"&rdquo;在自由软件的框架里，高质量的软件是达到目æ 
‡çš„æ‰‹æ®µè€Œä¸æ˜¯ç›®æ ‡æœ¬èº«ã€‚è‡ªç”±è½¯"
+"件的开发者
应该努力开发功能强大、灵活度高的软件来更好地为用户服务。但是这æ
 ·åš"
+"并不是解决容易然而意义更为重大的目æ 
‡çš„å”¯ä¸€é€”å¾„ï¼Œè¿™ä¸ªç›®æ ‡å°±æ˜¯å°Šé‡å¹¶ä¿æŠ¤ç”¨æˆ·çš„"
+"自由。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Of course, we do not need to reject arguments that collaboration can play an "
+"important role in creating high-quality software. In many of the most "
+"successful free software projects, it clearly has done exactly that. The "
+"benefits of collaboration become something to understand, support, and work "
+"towards, rather than something to take for granted in the face of evidence "
+"that refuses to conform to ideology."
+msgstr ""
+"当然，我们也不必
抛弃协作有助于开发高质量软件的观点。在众多最成功的自由软件项"
+"目中，协作显然证明了这一点。协作的好处应该成为被理解、支持和å
…±åŒåŠªåŠ›çš„方向，"
+"而不是成为面临与理念不符的证据时的想当然。"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr " "
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a 
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";
+"\">&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.  There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other 
ways "
+"to contact</a> the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions "
+"can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden"
+"org&gt;</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"请将有å…
³è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶åŸºé‡‘会（FSF）&amp;GNU的一般性问题发送到<a 
href=\"mailto:";
+"address@hidden">&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>。也可以通过<a 
href=\"/contact/\">其他联"
+"系方法</a>联系自由软件基金会(FSF)ã€‚è¯·å°†æ— æ•ˆé“¾æŽ¥ï¼Œå…
¶ä»–错误或建议发送给<a href="
+"\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>。"
+
+#
+#
+#
+#.  TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#.         replace it with the translation of these two:
+#.         We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#.         translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#.         Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#.         to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
+#.         &lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
+#.         <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#.         our web pages, see <a
+#.         href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#.         README</a>. 
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"若您想翻译本文，请参看<a 
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
+"翻译须知</a>。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright &copy; 1999-2011 Benjamin Mako Hill"
+msgstr "Copyright &copy; 1999-2011 Benjamin Mako Hill"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"Share Alike 3.0 United States License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"本页面使用<a rel=\"license\" 
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
+"sa/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 United States "
+"License</a>授权。"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"<b>翻译团队</b>：<a rel=\"team\" 
href=\"https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/";
+"www-zh-cn/\">&lt;CTT&gt;</a>，2019。"
+
+#.  timestamp start 
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "最后更新："