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www/philosophy opposing-drm.el.html opposing-dr...
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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy opposing-drm.el.html opposing-dr... |
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Date: |
Sat, 27 Jan 2018 15:00:18 -0500 (EST) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 18/01/27 15:00:18
Modified files:
philosophy : opposing-drm.el.html opposing-drm.nl.html
opposing-drm.pl.html
philosophy/po : opposing-drm.nl-diff.html
Added files:
philosophy/po : opposing-drm.el-diff.html
opposing-drm.pl-diff.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/opposing-drm.el.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.8&r2=1.9
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/opposing-drm.nl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.9&r2=1.10
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/opposing-drm.pl.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.10&r2=1.11
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.nl-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.el-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.pl-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: opposing-drm.el.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/opposing-drm.el.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- opposing-drm.el.html 17 May 2015 19:57:20 -0000 1.8
+++ opposing-drm.el.html 27 Jan 2018 20:00:13 -0000 1.9
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.el.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.el.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.el-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2017-11-28" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.el.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -9,6 +14,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.el.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.el.html" -->
<h2>ÎνανÏίÏÏη ÏÏην ÎακοδιαÏείÏιÏη ΨηÏιακÏν
ÎικαιÏμάÏÏν (DRM)</h2>
<h3>(ή ÎιαÏείÏιÏη ΨηÏιακÏν ΠεÏιοÏιÏμÏν, ÏÏÏÏ
Ïην αÏοκαλοÏμε ÏÏÏα) </h3>
@@ -243,7 +249,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
ÎνημεÏÏθηκε:
-$Date: 2015/05/17 19:57:20 $
+$Date: 2018/01/27 20:00:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: opposing-drm.nl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/opposing-drm.nl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.9
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -b -r1.9 -r1.10
--- opposing-drm.nl.html 15 May 2015 14:57:18 -0000 1.9
+++ opposing-drm.nl.html 27 Jan 2018 20:00:14 -0000 1.10
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.nl.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.nl.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.nl-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2017-11-28" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.nl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -9,6 +14,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.nl.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.nl.html" -->
<h2>Strijden Tegen 'Digital Rights Mismanagement'</h2>
<h3>(Of “Digital Restrictions Management”, zoals we het nu
noemen)</h3>
@@ -215,7 +221,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Bijgewerkt:
-$Date: 2015/05/15 14:57:18 $
+$Date: 2018/01/27 20:00:14 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: opposing-drm.pl.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/opposing-drm.pl.html,v
retrieving revision 1.10
retrieving revision 1.11
diff -u -b -r1.10 -r1.11
--- opposing-drm.pl.html 22 Jan 2016 03:59:10 -0000 1.10
+++ opposing-drm.pl.html 27 Jan 2018 20:00:14 -0000 1.11
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.pl.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.pl.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.pl-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2017-11-28" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/opposing-drm.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.pl.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -9,6 +14,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.pl.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.pl.html" -->
<h2>Sprzeciw wobec cyfrowym marnotrawstwem praw</h2>
<h3>(Lub, jak teraz nazywamy, cyfrowym zarzÄ
dzaniem ograniczeniami
[<em>Digital
Restrictions Management</em>])</h3>
@@ -225,7 +231,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Aktualizowane:
-$Date: 2016/01/22 03:59:10 $
+$Date: 2018/01/27 20:00:14 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/opposing-drm.nl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.nl-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- po/opposing-drm.nl-diff.html 17 Jan 2015 11:29:03 -0000 1.1
+++ po/opposing-drm.nl-diff.html 27 Jan 2018 20:00:16 -0000 1.2
@@ -11,17 +11,23 @@
</style></head>
<body><pre>
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.84</em></ins></span> -->
<title>Opposing Digital Rights Mismanagement
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
-<h2>Opposing Digital Rights Mismanagement</h2>
-<h3>(Or Digital Restrictions Management, as we now call it)</h3>
+<h2>Opposing Digital Rights <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Mismanagement</h2>
+<h3>(Or</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Mismanagement<br />
+<span style="font-size: .7em">(Or</em></ins></span> Digital Restrictions
Management, as we now call <span
class="removed"><del><strong>it)</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>it)</span></h2></em></ins></span>
<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/"><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a>
</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p><em>First published by
BusinessWeek Online.</em></p>
+
+<blockquote class="announcement"><p>
+<a href="http://defectivebydesign.org">Join our campaign against
DRM</a>.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
<p>In 1989, in a very different world, I wrote the first version of the
GNU
General Public License, a license that gives computer users freedom. The
@@ -90,7 +96,7 @@
software, trampling freedom No. 1. This scheme should get
“AACSed,” and a boycott of HD DVD and Blu-ray has already
been announced
-(<a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://bluraysucks.com/">http://bluraysucks.com/</a>).</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140217075603/http://bluraysucks.com/">http://bluraysucks.com/
[archived]</a>).</em></ins></span>
+(<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140217075603/http://bluraysucks.com/">http://bluraysucks.com/
[archived]</a>).
</p>
<p>
Allowing a few businesses to organize a scheme to deny our freedoms for
@@ -133,9 +139,9 @@
itself, cannot justify denying the public control over its technology.
Defending freedom means thwarting DRM.
</p>
-<p> First published by BusinessWeek Online.</p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p> First published by BusinessWeek
Online.</p>
<p>Dr. Richard M. Stallman is the founder of the
-<a href="/gnu/">GNU Project</a></p>
+<a href="/gnu/">GNU Project</a></p></strong></del></span>
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
@@ -169,7 +175,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND <span class="removed"><del><strong>3.0
US.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>4.0.</em></ins></span> Please do NOT change or
remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -184,17 +190,18 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2006 Richard M. Stallman</p>
+<p>Copyright © <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2006</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2006, 2017</em></ins></span> Richard M.
Stallman</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2015/01/17 11:29:03 $
+$Date: 2018/01/27 20:00:16 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/opposing-drm.el-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/opposing-drm.el-diff.html
diff -N po/opposing-drm.el-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/opposing-drm.el-diff.html 27 Jan 2018 20:00:16 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/opposing-drm.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.84</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>Opposing Digital Rights Mismanagement
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+
+<h2>Opposing Digital Rights <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Mismanagement</h2>
+<h3>(Or</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Mismanagement<br />
+<span style="font-size: .7em">(Or</em></ins></span> Digital Restrictions
Management, as we now call <span
class="removed"><del><strong>it)</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>it)</span></h2></em></ins></span>
+
+<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/"><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a>
+</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p><em>First published by
BusinessWeek Online.</em></p>
+
+<blockquote class="announcement"><p>
+<a href="http://defectivebydesign.org">Join our campaign against
DRM</a>.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
+
+<p>In 1989, in a very different world, I wrote the first version of the
GNU
+General Public License, a license that gives computer users freedom. The
+GNU GPL, of all the free software licenses, is the one that most fully
+embodies the values and aims of the free software movement, by ensuring
+the four fundamental freedoms for every user. These are freedoms to 0)
+run the program as you wish; 1) study the source code and change it to
+do what you wish; 2) make and distribute copies, when you wish; 3) and
+distribute modified versions, when you wish.
+</p>
+<p>
+Any license that grants these freedoms is a free software license. The
+GNU GPL goes further: it protects these freedoms for all users of all
+versions of the program by forbidding middlemen from stripping them off.
+Most components of the GNU/Linux operating system, including the Linux
+component that was made free software in 1992, are licensed under GPL
+version 2, released in 1991. Now, with legal advice from Professor Eben
+Moglen, I am designing version 3 of the GNU GPL.
+</p>
+<p>
+GPLv3 must cope with threats to freedom that we did not imagine in
+1989. The coming generation of computers, and many products with
+increasingly powerful embedded computers, are being turned against us
+by their manufacturers before we buy them—they are designed to
+restrict what we can use them to do.
+</p>
+<p>
+First, there was the TiVo. People may think of it as an appliance to
+record TV programs, but it contains a real computer running a GNU/Linux
+system. As required by the GPL, you can get the source code for the
+system. You can change the code, recompile and install it. But once you
+install a changed version, the TiVo won't run at all, because of a
+special mechanism designed to sabotage you. Freedom No. 1, the freedom
+to change the software to do what you wish, has become a sham.
+</p>
+<p>
+Then came Treacherous Computing, promoted as “Trusted
+Computing,” meaning that companies can “trust” your
+computer to obey them instead of you. It enables network sites to tell
+which program you are running; if you change the program, or write
+your own, they will refuse to talk to you. Once again, freedom No. 1
+becomes a sham.
+</p>
+<p>
+Microsoft has a scheme, originally called Palladium, that enables an
+application program to “seal” data so that no other
+program can access it. If Disney distributes movies this way, you'll
+be unable to exercise your legal rights of fair use and de minimis
+use. If an application records your data this way, it will be the
+ultimate in vendor lock-in. This too destroys freedom No. 1 — if
+modified versions of a program cannot access the same data, you can't
+really change the program to do what you wish. Something like
+Palladium is planned for a coming version of Windows.
+</p>
+<p>
+AACS, the “Advanced Access Content System,” promoted by
+Disney, IBM, Microsoft, Intel, Sony, and others, aims to restrict use
+of HDTV recordings—and software—so they can't be used
+except as these companies permit. Sony was caught last year installing
+a “rootkit” into millions of people's computers, and not
+telling them how to remove it. Sony has learned its lesson: it will
+install the “rootkit” in your computer before you get it,
+and you won't be able to remove it. This plan explicitly requires
+devices to be “robust”—meaning you cannot change
+them. Its implementors will surely want to include GPL-covered
+software, trampling freedom No. 1. This scheme should get
+“AACSed,” and a boycott of HD DVD and Blu-ray has already
+been announced
+(<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140217075603/http://bluraysucks.com/">http://bluraysucks.com/
[archived]</a>).
+</p>
+<p>
+Allowing a few businesses to organize a scheme to deny our freedoms for
+their profit is a failure of government, but so far most of the world's
+governments, led by the U.S., have acted as paid accomplices rather than
+policemen for these schemes. The copyright industry has promulgated its
+peculiar ideas of right and wrong so vigorously that some readers may
+find it hard to entertain the idea that individual freedom can trump
+their profits.
+</p>
+
+<p>Facing these threats to our freedom, what should the free software
+community do? Some say we should give in and accept the distribution
+of our software in ways that don't allow modified versions to
+function, because this will make our software more popular. Some refer
+to free software as “open source,” that being the slogan
+of an amoral approach to the matter, which cites powerful and reliable
+software as the highest goals. If we allow companies to use our
+software to restrict us, this “open source DRM” could help
+them restrict us more powerfully and reliably. Those who wield the
+power could benefit by sharing and improving the source code of the
+software they use to do so. We too could read that source
+code—read it and weep, if we can't make a changed version
+run. For the goals of freedom and community—the goals of the
+free software movement—this concession would amount to failure.
+</p>
+<p>
+We developed the GNU operating system so that we could control our own
+computers, and cooperate freely in using them in freedom. To seek
+popularity for our software by ceding this freedom would defeat the
+purpose; at best, we might flatter our egos. Therefore we have designed
+version 3 of the GNU GPL to uphold the user's freedom to modify the
+source code and put modified versions to real use.
+</p>
+<p>
+The debate about the GPL v3 is part of a broader debate about DRM versus
+your rights. The motive for DRM schemes is to increase profits for those
+who impose them, but their profit is a side issue when millions of
+people's freedom is at stake; desire for profit, though not wrong in
+itself, cannot justify denying the public control over its technology.
+Defending freedom means thwarting DRM.
+</p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p> First published by BusinessWeek
Online.</p>
+<p>Dr. Richard M. Stallman is the founder of the
+<a href="/gnu/">GNU Project</a></p></strong></del></span>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND <span class="removed"><del><strong>3.0
US.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>4.0.</em></ins></span> Please do NOT change or
remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2006</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2006, 2017</em></ins></span> Richard M.
Stallman</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2018/01/27 20:00:16 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
Index: po/opposing-drm.pl-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/opposing-drm.pl-diff.html
diff -N po/opposing-drm.pl-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/opposing-drm.pl-diff.html 27 Jan 2018 20:00:17 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/opposing-drm.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.77</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.84</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>Opposing Digital Rights Mismanagement
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/opposing-drm.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+
+<h2>Opposing Digital Rights <span
class="removed"><del><strong>Mismanagement</h2>
+<h3>(Or</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Mismanagement<br />
+<span style="font-size: .7em">(Or</em></ins></span> Digital Restrictions
Management, as we now call <span
class="removed"><del><strong>it)</h3></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>it)</span></h2></em></ins></span>
+
+<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/"><strong>Richard
Stallman</strong></a>
+</p>
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p><em>First published by
BusinessWeek Online.</em></p>
+
+<blockquote class="announcement"><p>
+<a href="http://defectivebydesign.org">Join our campaign against
DRM</a>.
+</p></blockquote></em></ins></span>
+
+<p>In 1989, in a very different world, I wrote the first version of the
GNU
+General Public License, a license that gives computer users freedom. The
+GNU GPL, of all the free software licenses, is the one that most fully
+embodies the values and aims of the free software movement, by ensuring
+the four fundamental freedoms for every user. These are freedoms to 0)
+run the program as you wish; 1) study the source code and change it to
+do what you wish; 2) make and distribute copies, when you wish; 3) and
+distribute modified versions, when you wish.
+</p>
+<p>
+Any license that grants these freedoms is a free software license. The
+GNU GPL goes further: it protects these freedoms for all users of all
+versions of the program by forbidding middlemen from stripping them off.
+Most components of the GNU/Linux operating system, including the Linux
+component that was made free software in 1992, are licensed under GPL
+version 2, released in 1991. Now, with legal advice from Professor Eben
+Moglen, I am designing version 3 of the GNU GPL.
+</p>
+<p>
+GPLv3 must cope with threats to freedom that we did not imagine in
+1989. The coming generation of computers, and many products with
+increasingly powerful embedded computers, are being turned against us
+by their manufacturers before we buy them—they are designed to
+restrict what we can use them to do.
+</p>
+<p>
+First, there was the TiVo. People may think of it as an appliance to
+record TV programs, but it contains a real computer running a GNU/Linux
+system. As required by the GPL, you can get the source code for the
+system. You can change the code, recompile and install it. But once you
+install a changed version, the TiVo won't run at all, because of a
+special mechanism designed to sabotage you. Freedom No. 1, the freedom
+to change the software to do what you wish, has become a sham.
+</p>
+<p>
+Then came Treacherous Computing, promoted as “Trusted
+Computing,” meaning that companies can “trust” your
+computer to obey them instead of you. It enables network sites to tell
+which program you are running; if you change the program, or write
+your own, they will refuse to talk to you. Once again, freedom No. 1
+becomes a sham.
+</p>
+<p>
+Microsoft has a scheme, originally called Palladium, that enables an
+application program to “seal” data so that no other
+program can access it. If Disney distributes movies this way, you'll
+be unable to exercise your legal rights of fair use and de minimis
+use. If an application records your data this way, it will be the
+ultimate in vendor lock-in. This too destroys freedom No. 1 — if
+modified versions of a program cannot access the same data, you can't
+really change the program to do what you wish. Something like
+Palladium is planned for a coming version of Windows.
+</p>
+<p>
+AACS, the “Advanced Access Content System,” promoted by
+Disney, IBM, Microsoft, Intel, Sony, and others, aims to restrict use
+of HDTV recordings—and software—so they can't be used
+except as these companies permit. Sony was caught last year installing
+a “rootkit” into millions of people's computers, and not
+telling them how to remove it. Sony has learned its lesson: it will
+install the “rootkit” in your computer before you get it,
+and you won't be able to remove it. This plan explicitly requires
+devices to be “robust”—meaning you cannot change
+them. Its implementors will surely want to include GPL-covered
+software, trampling freedom No. 1. This scheme should get
+“AACSed,” and a boycott of HD DVD and Blu-ray has already
+been announced
+(<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20140217075603/http://bluraysucks.com/">http://bluraysucks.com/
[archived]</a>).
+</p>
+<p>
+Allowing a few businesses to organize a scheme to deny our freedoms for
+their profit is a failure of government, but so far most of the world's
+governments, led by the U.S., have acted as paid accomplices rather than
+policemen for these schemes. The copyright industry has promulgated its
+peculiar ideas of right and wrong so vigorously that some readers may
+find it hard to entertain the idea that individual freedom can trump
+their profits.
+</p>
+
+<p>Facing these threats to our freedom, what should the free software
+community do? Some say we should give in and accept the distribution
+of our software in ways that don't allow modified versions to
+function, because this will make our software more popular. Some refer
+to free software as “open source,” that being the slogan
+of an amoral approach to the matter, which cites powerful and reliable
+software as the highest goals. If we allow companies to use our
+software to restrict us, this “open source DRM” could help
+them restrict us more powerfully and reliably. Those who wield the
+power could benefit by sharing and improving the source code of the
+software they use to do so. We too could read that source
+code—read it and weep, if we can't make a changed version
+run. For the goals of freedom and community—the goals of the
+free software movement—this concession would amount to failure.
+</p>
+<p>
+We developed the GNU operating system so that we could control our own
+computers, and cooperate freely in using them in freedom. To seek
+popularity for our software by ceding this freedom would defeat the
+purpose; at best, we might flatter our egos. Therefore we have designed
+version 3 of the GNU GPL to uphold the user's freedom to modify the
+source code and put modified versions to real use.
+</p>
+<p>
+The debate about the GPL v3 is part of a broader debate about DRM versus
+your rights. The motive for DRM schemes is to increase profits for those
+who impose them, but their profit is a side issue when millions of
+people's freedom is at stake; desire for profit, though not wrong in
+itself, cannot justify denying the public control over its technology.
+Defending freedom means thwarting DRM.
+</p>
+<span class="removed"><del><strong><p> First published by BusinessWeek
Online.</p>
+<p>Dr. Richard M. Stallman is the founder of the
+<a href="/gnu/">GNU Project</a></p></strong></del></span>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
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+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND <span class="removed"><del><strong>3.0
US.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>4.0.</em></ins></span> Please do NOT change or
remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2006</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2006, 2017</em></ins></span> Richard M.
Stallman</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2018/01/27 20:00:17 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
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