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www/gnu/po thegnuproject.zh-cn.po
|
From: |
Wensheng XIE |
|
Subject: |
www/gnu/po thegnuproject.zh-cn.po |
|
Date: |
Thu, 14 Sep 2017 09:51:10 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Wensheng XIE <wxie> 17/09/14 09:51:10
Added files:
gnu/po : thegnuproject.zh-cn.po
Log message:
zh-cn: commit new translation
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/thegnuproject.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: thegnuproject.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: thegnuproject.zh-cn.po
diff -N thegnuproject.zh-cn.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ thegnuproject.zh-cn.po 14 Sep 2017 13:51:08 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,1960 @@
+# Simplified Chinese translation of https://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html
+# Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>, 2017.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: thegnuproject.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-06-25 13:26+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-09-14 21:44+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Chinese <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid "About the GNU Project - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr "å
³äº GNU - GNUå·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
+
+#. type: Attribute 'content' of: <meta>
+msgid "GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, History"
+msgstr "GNUï¼GNUå·¥ç¨ï¼FSFï¼èªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼ï¼åå²"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "The GNU Project"
+msgstr "GNUå·¥ç¨"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\";><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a>
è"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"Originally published in the book <em>Open Sources</em>. Richard Stallman "
+"was <a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\"> never a "
+"supporter of “open source”</a>, but contributed this article so "
+"that the ideas of the free software movement would not be entirely absent "
+"from that book."
+msgstr ""
+"æåå表äº<em>å¼æº</em>ä¸ä¹¦ãRichard Stallmanæ¬äºº<a
href=\"/philosophy/open-"
+"source-misses-the-point.html\">ä»æ¥ä¸æ¯æ“å¼æº”</a>ï¼ä½ä»è¿æ¯è´¡ç®"
+"äºæ¤æãè¿æ ·åå¯ä»¥é¿å
èªç±è½¯ä»¶è¿å¨çç念å¨é£æ¬ä¹¦ä¸è¢«å®å
¨å¿½ç¥ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"Why it is even more important than ever <a href=\"/philosophy/free-software-"
+"even-more-important.html\">to insist that the software we use be free</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"为ä»ä¹ç°å¨<a
href=\"/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html\">åæ"
+"软件èªç±æ¯ä»¥å¾æ´å éè¦</a>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The first software-sharing community"
+msgstr "第ä¸ä¸ªè½¯ä»¶å享社åº"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"When I started working at the <acronym title=\"Massachusetts Institute of "
+"Technology\">MIT</acronym> Artificial Intelligence Lab in 1971, I became "
+"part of a software-sharing community that had existed for many years. "
+"Sharing of software was not limited to our particular community; it is as "
+"old as computers, just as sharing of recipes is as old as cooking. But we "
+"did it more than most."
+msgstr ""
+"å½æ1971å¹´å¼å§å¨<acronym title=\"Massachusetts Institute of
Technologyï¼éº»ç"
+"çå·¥å¦é¢ï¼\">MIT</acronym>ç人工æºè½å®éªå®¤å·¥ä½çæ¶åï¼ææ为äºå½æ¶å·²ç»åå¨å¤"
+"å¹´çä¸ä¸ªè½¯ä»¶å
±äº«ç¤¾åºçä¸åã并ä¸æ¯åªææ们ç社åºå享软件ï¼å享软件ä»çµèåºç°"
+"å°±å¼å§äºï¼æ£å¦å享èè°±ä»ç¹é¥ªåºç°å°±å¼å§äºä¸æ
·ãä½æ¯æ们åå¾æ´å¤ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The AI Lab used a timesharing operating system called <acronym title="
+"\"Incompatible Timesharing System\">ITS</acronym> (the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System) that the lab's staff hackers (1) had designed and "
+"written in assembler language for the Digital <acronym title=\"Programmed "
+"Data Processor\">PDP</acronym>-10, one of the large computers of the era. "
+"As a member of this community, an AI Lab staff system hacker, my job was to "
+"improve this system."
+msgstr ""
+"人工æºè½å®éªå®¤å½æ¶ä½¿ç¨ä¸ç§ç§°ä¸º<acronym title=\"Incompatible
Timesharing "
+"Systemï¼ä¸å
¼å®¹åæ¶ç³»ç»ï¼\">ITS</acronym>çåæ¶æä½ç³»ç»ã该系ç»æ¯å®éªå®¤çé»å®¢"
+"ï¼1)设计并ç¨æ±ç¼è¯è¨ä¸ºDigitalå
¬å¸ç<acronym title=\"Programmed
Data Processor"
+"\">PDP</acronym>-10计ç®æºç¼åçï¼è¯¥è®¡ç®æºæ¯å½æ¶ç大å计ç®æºä¹ä¸ãä½ä¸ºç¤¾åºä¸"
+"åï¼ä¹ä½ä¸ºäººå·¥æºè½å®éªå®¤çç³»ç»é»å®¢ï¼æçå·¥ä½å°±æ¯æ¹è¿è¿ä¸ªç³»ç»ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We did not call our software “free software”, because that term "
+"did not yet exist; but that is what it was. Whenever people from another "
+"university or a company wanted to port and use a program, we gladly let "
+"them. If you saw someone using an unfamiliar and interesting program, you "
+"could always ask to see the source code, so that you could read it, change "
+"it, or cannibalize parts of it to make a new program."
+msgstr ""
+"æ们没æ称æ们ç软件毓èªç±è½¯ä»¶”ï¼å
为é£æ¶è¿æ²¡æè¿ä¸ªæ¦å¿µï¼ä½é£äº"
+"软件就æ¯èªç±çãæ 论ä½æ¶ï¼åªè¦å
¶ä»å¤§å¦æå
¬å¸æ³ç§»æ¤å使ç¨ä¸ä¸ªç¨åºï¼æ们é½å¾é«"
+"å
´æä¾è¯¥ç¨åºãå¦æä½ å¯¹å«äººçç¨åºæå
´è¶£ä½ä¸å¤ªçæï¼ä½
æ»æ¯å¯ä»¥è¦ä¸ä»½æºä»£ç ï¼å "
+"æ¤ä½ å¯ä»¥é
读æºä»£ç ãä¿®æ¹æºä»£ç
ï¼çè³æå®æå并ç¨æ¥æ建æ°çç¨åºã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(1) The use of “hacker” to mean “security breaker” "
+"is a confusion on the part of the mass media. We hackers refuse to "
+"recognize that meaning, and continue using the word to mean someone who "
+"loves to program, someone who enjoys playful cleverness, or the combination "
+"of the two. See my article, <a href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-";
+"hacking.html\">On Hacking</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"(1) 使稓é»å®¢”ä¸è¯æ¥è¡¨ç¤º“å®å
¨ç ´åè
”æ¯é¨å大ä¼åªä½ç"
+"ä¹±ç¨ãä½ä¸ºé»å®¢ï¼æ们æç»è®¤åè¿ç§è§£éï¼æ们è¿æ¯ç¨å®æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºçç±ç¼ç¨ç人ã享åæ"
+"æ¯ç人ï¼æè
äºè
å
¼èæä¹ç人ã请é
读æçæç« <a
href=\"http://stallman.org/";
+"articles/on-hacking.html\">å
³äºé»å®¢</a>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The collapse of the community"
+msgstr "社åºç解ä½"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The situation changed drastically in the early 1980s when Digital "
+"discontinued the PDP-10 series. Its architecture, elegant and powerful in "
+"the 60s, could not extend naturally to the larger address spaces that were "
+"becoming feasible in the 80s. This meant that nearly all of the programs "
+"composing ITS were obsolete."
+msgstr ""
+"å
«å年代åï¼DigitalçPDP-10ç³»åå产ï¼å½¢å¿åçäºå§åã该系å大åæºå¨å
å年代ä¼"
+"é
èæåçæ¶ææ æ³èªç¶å»¶ä¼¸å°å
«å年代å¼å§ä½¿ç¨çæ´å¤§çå°å空é´ãè¿æå³çå ä¹æ"
+"æææITSçç¨åºé½è¿æ¶äºã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The AI Lab hacker community had already collapsed, not long before. In "
+"1981, the spin-off company Symbolics had hired away nearly all of the "
+"hackers from the AI Lab, and the depopulated community was unable to "
+"maintain itself. (The book Hackers, by Steve Levy, describes these events, "
+"as well as giving a clear picture of this community in its prime.) When the "
+"AI Lab bought a new PDP-10 in 1982, its administrators decided to use "
+"Digital's nonfree timesharing system instead of ITS."
+msgstr ""
+"èä¸ä¹
åï¼äººå·¥æºè½å®éªå®¤çé»å®¢ç¤¾åºå·²ç»è§£ä½äºã1981å¹´ï¼ä»å®éªå®¤åæåºæ¥ç"
+"Symbolicså
¬å¸éä½£äºå ä¹å
¨é¨å®éªå®¤é»å®¢ï¼ååç社åºæ
以为ç»ãï¼Steve Levyçé»å®¢"
+"ä¸ä¹¦æè¿°äºè¿äºäºä»¶ï¼å¹¶ç»åºäºç¤¾åºé¼çæ¶æçæ¸
æ°åç
§ãï¼å½äººå·¥æºè½å®éªå®¤å¨1982"
+"å¹´è´ä¹°äºä¸å°æ°çPDP-10åï¼å
¶ç®¡çåå³å®ä½¿ç¨Digitalå
¬å¸çéèªç±åæ¶ç³»ç»æ¥ä»£æ¿"
+"ITSã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The modern computers of the era, such as the VAX or the 68020, had their own "
+"operating systems, but none of them were free software: you had to sign a "
+"nondisclosure agreement even to get an executable copy."
+msgstr ""
+"é£æ¶çæ°è®¡ç®æºï¼è±¡VAXæ68020ï¼é½æå®ä»¬èªå·±çæä½ç³»ç»ï¼ä½æ¯é½ä¸æ¯èªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼å³"
+"使åªæ¯è¦ä¸ä»½å¯æ§è¡æ件çå¯æ¬ï¼ä½
é½éè¦ç¾ç½²ä¿å¯åè®®ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"This meant that the first step in using a computer was to promise not to "
+"help your neighbor. A cooperating community was forbidden. The rule made "
+"by the owners of proprietary software was, “If you share with your "
+"neighbor, you are a pirate. If you want any changes, beg us to make them."
+"”"
+msgstr ""
+"è¿è¡¨ç¤ºä½¿ç¨è®¡ç®æºç第ä¸æ¥æ¯æ¿è¯ºä¸ä¼å¸®å©å«äººãäºå©ç社åºè¢«ç¦æ¢äºãä¸å±è½¯ä»¶çæ"
+"æè
å¶å®äºè§å３å¦æä½ åå«äººå享软件ï¼ä½
å°±æ¯ä»äºççãå¦æä½ æ³å软件æ´"
+"æ¹ï¼è¯·ä¹æ±ææè
å§ã”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The idea that the proprietary software social system—the system that "
+"says you are not allowed to share or change software—is antisocial, "
+"that it is unethical, that it is simply wrong, may come as a surprise to "
+"some readers. But what else could we say about a system based on dividing "
+"the public and keeping users helpless? Readers who find the idea surprising "
+"may have taken the proprietary software social system as a given, or judged "
+"it on the terms suggested by proprietary software businesses. Software "
+"publishers have worked long and hard to convince people that there is only "
+"one way to look at the issue."
+msgstr ""
+"ä¸å±è½¯ä»¶ç社ä¼ç³»ç»—ä¸è½å享ææ´æ¹è½¯ä»¶ç系绗æ¯å社ä¼çï¼å
为å®ä¸"
+"éå¾·ãå®å®å
¨é误ãè¿æ ·çæ³æ³å¯è½ä»¤æäºè¯»è
åæãä½æ¯å¯¹ä¸ä¸ªä»¥åè£å
¬ä¼ã使å
¶ç¨"
+"æ·æ
å©ä¸ºåºç¡çç³»ç»ï¼æ们è¿è½æä¹è¯´å¢ï¼é£äºå¯¹æ¤åæç读è
ä¹è®¸æ¥åäºä¸å±è½¯ä»¶ç"
+"社ä¼ç³»ç»ï¼æè
æç
§ä¸å±è½¯ä»¶è¡ä¸æ¨èçæ¯è¯æ¥åäºå¤æã软件åå¸åé¿æ以æ¥ä¸ç´åª"
+"å让人们ç¸ä¿¡ï¼å¯¹è¿ä¸ªé®é¢åªæä¸ä¸ªçæ³ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"When software publishers talk about “enforcing” their “"
+"rights” or “stopping <a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid."
+"html#Piracy\">piracy</a>”, what they actually <em>say</em> is "
+"secondary. The real message of these statements is in the unstated "
+"assumptions they take for granted, which the public is asked to accept "
+"without examination. Let's therefore examine them."
+msgstr ""
+"å½è½¯ä»¶åå¸å说尓å
强”ä»ä»¬ç“æå©”æè
“æå»<a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Piracy\">çç</a>”æ¶ï¼ä»ä»¬<em>说"
+"ç</em>å
¶å®æ¯æ¬¡è¦é®é¢ãä»ä»¬ççæ£æ³æ³æ¯è®©å
¬ä¼æ¥åè¿äºè¯´æ³èåçå设æ¯çæå½ç¶"
+"çãæ é审è§çãé£ä¹ï¼å°±è®©æ们审è§ä¸ä¸è¿äºå设ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One assumption is that software companies have an unquestionable natural "
+"right to own software and thus have power over all its users. (If this were "
+"a natural right, then no matter how much harm it does to the public, we "
+"could not object.) Interestingly, the US Constitution and legal tradition "
+"reject this view; copyright is not a natural right, but an artificial "
+"government-imposed monopoly that limits the users' natural right to copy."
+msgstr ""
+"å
¶ä¸ä¸ä¸ªå设æ¯è½¯ä»¶å
¬å¸å¯¹è½¯ä»¶æ¥ææ
å¯è´¨ççèªç¶æææï¼è¿èæ¥æè¶
è¶å
¶ç¨æ·çæ"
+"åãï¼å¦æè¿æ¯èªç¶æå©ï¼é£ä¹æ 论è¿å¯¹å
¬ä¼é
æä»ä¹ä¼¤å®³ï¼æ们é½æ æ³å驳ãï¼ææ"
+"æçæ¯ï¼ç¾å½å®ªæ³åæ³å¾æ¯ä¾æç»è¿ä¸ªè§ç¹ï¼çæä¸æ¯èªç¶æå©ï¼èæ¯äººä¸ºçãæ¿åºå¼º"
+"å çåæï¼å®ç¨æ¥éå¶ç¨æ·æ·è´å¤å¶çèªç¶æå©ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another unstated assumption is that the only important thing about software "
+"is what jobs it allows you to do—that we computer users should not "
+"care what kind of society we are allowed to have."
+msgstr ""
+"å¦ä¸ä¸ªéå«çå设æ¯è½¯ä»¶å¯ä¸çéè¦æ§å¨äºå®è½è®©ä½
åä»ä¹—软件ç¨æ·ä¸å¿
å»å
³å¿"
+"åºè¯¥æ¥æä»ä¹æ ·ç社ä¼ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A third assumption is that we would have no usable software (or would never "
+"have a program to do this or that particular job) if we did not offer a "
+"company power over the users of the program. This assumption may have "
+"seemed plausible, before the free software movement demonstrated that we can "
+"make plenty of useful software without putting chains on it."
+msgstr ""
+"第ä¸ä¸ªå设æ¯å¦æä¸è®©è½¯ä»¶å
¬å¸æè¶
è¶å
¶ç¨æ·çæåï¼é£ä¹æ们就没æå¯ç¨ç软件ï¼æ"
+"è
就没æè½å¤æ§è¡ç¹å®ä»»å¡çç¨åºï¼ã该å设çèµ·æ¥æ¯å¯è½çï¼ç´å°èªç±è½¯ä»¶è¿å¨è¯"
+"æï¼æ们å¯ä»¥åé 大éæç¨ç软件èä¸ç¨å¨å
¶ä¸æ¨ªå
éé¾ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If we decline to accept these assumptions, and judge these issues based on "
+"ordinary commonsense morality while placing the users first, we arrive at "
+"very different conclusions. Computer users should be free to modify "
+"programs to fit their needs, and free to share software, because helping "
+"other people is the basis of society."
+msgstr ""
+"å¦ææ们æç»æ¥åè¿äºå设ï¼æç¨æ·æ¾å¨é¦ä½ï¼å¹¶æ
¹æ®å¸¸è¯æ§çéå¾·æ¥å¤æï¼é£ä¹æ们"
+"å°±å¯ä»¥å¾åºä¸åçç»è®ºã计ç®æºç¨æ·åºè¯¥è½å¤èªç±å°ä¿®æ¹è½¯ä»¶æ¥éåºèªå·±çéæ±ï¼ä¹åº"
+"该è½å¤èªç±å°å享软件ï¼å 为äºç¸å¸®å©æ¯ç¤¾ä¼çåºç¡ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There is no room here for an extensive statement of the reasoning behind "
+"this conclusion, so I refer the reader to the web pages <a href=\"/"
+"philosophy/why-free.html\"> http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html</a> "
+"and <a href=\"/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html\"> http://";
+"www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"é´äºç¯å¹
éå¶ï¼æ们ä¸å¨æ¤å¯¹ç»è®ºèåçæ¨çå详ç»è®ºè¿°ï¼æ为读è
æä¾ä»¥ä¸ç½é¡µåå"
+"èï¼<a href=\"/philosophy/why-free.html\">
http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-";
+"free.html</a>å<a href=\"/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html"
+"\"> http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html</"
+"a>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "A stark moral choice"
+msgstr "严é
·çéå¾·ææ©"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"With my community gone, to continue as before was impossible. Instead, I "
+"faced a stark moral choice."
+msgstr "社åºä¸å¤åå¨ï¼ææ æ³ç»´æåæ
·ãåè¿æ¥ï¼æé¢ä¸´ç严é
·çéå¾·ææ©ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The easy choice was to join the proprietary software world, signing "
+"nondisclosure agreements and promising not to help my fellow hacker. Most "
+"likely I would also be developing software that was released under "
+"nondisclosure agreements, thus adding to the pressure on other people to "
+"betray their fellows too."
+msgstr ""
+"容æçéæ©æ¯å å
¥ä¸å±è½¯ä»¶çä¸çãç¾ç½²ä¿å¯å议并åèªä¸å帮å©æçé»å®¢ä¼ä¼´ãææ"
+"æå¯è½ä¹å¨å¼åæç
§ä¿å¯åè®®åå¸ç软件ï¼å æ¤ä¹è®©å
¶ä»äººé¢ä¸´èåä¼ä¼´çååã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I could have made money this way, and perhaps amused myself writing code. "
+"But I knew that at the end of my career, I would look back on years of "
+"building walls to divide people, and feel I had spent my life making the "
+"world a worse place."
+msgstr ""
+"æå¯è½å æ¤åè´¢ï¼ä¹å¯è½ç¼ç¨æ¶ä¹å¨å
¶ä¸ãä½æ¯æç¥éå¨æç»æèä¸ç涯ä¹æ¶ï¼å½æå"
+"顾é£äºå»ºé
å´å¢ãé离大ä¼çå²æä¹æ¶ï¼æä¼æå°æçä¸çæ¯å¨è®©è¿ä¸ªä¸çåå¾æ´ç³"
+"ç³ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I had already experienced being on the receiving end of a nondisclosure "
+"agreement, when someone refused to give me and the MIT AI Lab the source "
+"code for the control program for our printer. (The lack of certain features "
+"in this program made use of the printer extremely frustrating.) So I could "
+"not tell myself that nondisclosure agreements were innocent. I was very "
+"angry when he refused to share with us; I could not turn around and do the "
+"same thing to everyone else."
+msgstr ""
+"å½æ人æç»ææ§å¶æå°æºçæºä»£ç
ç»æåMIT人工æºè½å®éªå®¤çæ¶åï¼ç±äºç¼ºå°ä¸äºå"
+"è½ï¼è¯¥ç¨åºè®©ä½¿ç¨æå°æºç人é常æ¼ç«ï¼ï¼æ就已ç»ä½ä¼å°äºä½ä¸ºä¿å¯åè®®æ¥æ¶æ¹çæ"
+"åã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another choice, straightforward but unpleasant, was to leave the computer "
+"field. That way my skills would not be misused, but they would still be "
+"wasted. I would not be culpable for dividing and restricting computer "
+"users, but it would happen nonetheless."
+msgstr ""
+"å¦ä¸ä¸ªéæ©ï¼ç´æªäºå½å´ä»¤äººä¸å¿«ï¼å°±æ¯ç¦»å¼è®¡ç®æºè¡ä¸ãé£æ
·ä¹è®¸æçææ¯ä¸ä¼è¢«æ»¥"
+"ç¨ï¼ä½è¿æ¯æµªè´¹äºãæèªå·±å¯è½ä¸ä¼å
为åååéå¶è®¡ç®æºç¨æ·èéåè°´è´£ï¼å¯è¿ç§äº"
+"è¿æ¯ä¼åçã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I looked for a way that a programmer could do something for the good. I "
+"asked myself, was there a program or programs that I could write, so as to "
+"make a community possible once again?"
+msgstr ""
+"æå
èæ¢ç´¢ä¸æ¡ç¨åºåè½å¤åäºå¥½äºçéè·¯ãææªå¿èªé®ï¼æè½ä¸è½åä¸äºç¨åºï¼ä»è"
+"使å建社åºæ为å¯è½ï¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The answer was clear: what was needed first was an operating system. That "
+"is the crucial software for starting to use a computer. With an operating "
+"system, you can do many things; without one, you cannot run the computer at "
+"all. With a free operating system, we could again have a community of "
+"cooperating hackers—and invite anyone to join. And anyone would be "
+"able to use a computer without starting out by conspiring to deprive his or "
+"her friends."
+msgstr ""
+"çæ¡æ¾èæè§ï¼é¦å
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"As the GNU Project proceeded, and increasing numbers of system components "
+"were found or developed, eventually it became useful to make a list of the "
+"remaining gaps. We used it to recruit developers to write the missing "
+"pieces. This list became known as the GNU Task List. In addition to "
+"missing Unix components, we listed various other useful software and "
+"documentation projects that, we thought, a truly complete system ought to "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"is full of projects that some might call “applications”. Any "
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+"beginning. Unix included games, so naturally GNU should too. But "
+"compatibility was not an issue for games, so we did not follow the list of "
+"games that Unix had. Instead, we listed a spectrum of different kinds of "
+"games that users might like."
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"list. The community develops free software so fast that we can't even keep "
+"track of it all. Instead, we have a list of High Priority Projects, a much "
+"shorter list of projects we really want to encourage people to write."
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+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The GNU Library GPL"
+msgstr "GNU软件åºGPL"
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The GNU C library uses a special kind of copyleft called the GNU Library "
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+"project predicated on refusing to share with us?) Using the LGPL for the C "
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+"The C library does a generic job; every proprietary system or compiler comes "
+"with a C library. Therefore, to make our C library available only to free "
+"software would not have given free software any advantage—it would "
+"only have discouraged use of our library."
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+"of the GNU C library determine whether it is possible to compile a "
+"proprietary program for the GNU system. There is no ethical reason to allow "
+"proprietary applications on the GNU system, but strategically it seems that "
+"disallowing them would do more to discourage use of the GNU system than to "
+"encourage development of free applications. That is why using the Library "
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+"certain kinds of programs, then releasing it under the GPL, limiting it to "
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+"Library GPL. This probably does reduce the amount Readline is used, but "
+"that is no loss for us. Meanwhile, at least one useful application has been "
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+"we will have a large collection of GPL-covered libraries that have no "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Eric Raymond says that “Every good work of software starts by "
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+"a Unix-compatible kernel and called it Linux. It was proprietary at first, "
+"but in 1992, he made it free software; combining Linux with the not-quite-"
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"We call this system version <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\"> GNU/Linux</"
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+"as the kernel. Please don't fall into the practice of calling the whole "
+"system “Linux”, since that means attributing our work to someone "
+"else. Please <a href=\"/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html\"> give us equal mention</a>."
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+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Challenges in our future"
+msgstr "æªæ¥çææ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We have proved our ability to develop a broad spectrum of free software. "
+"This does not mean we are invincible and unstoppable. Several challenges "
+"make the future of free software uncertain; meeting them will require "
+"steadfast effort and endurance, sometimes lasting for years. It will "
+"require the kind of determination that people display when they value their "
+"freedom and will not let anyone take it away."
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "The following four sections discuss these challenges."
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+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Secret hardware"
+msgstr "ä¿å¯ç硬件"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Hardware manufacturers increasingly tend to keep hardware specifications "
+"secret. This makes it difficult to write free drivers so that Linux and "
+"XFree86 can support new hardware. We have complete free systems today, but "
+"we will not have them tomorrow if we cannot support tomorrow's computers."
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+"There are two ways to cope with this problem. Programmers can do reverse "
+"engineering to figure out how to support the hardware. The rest of us can "
+"choose the hardware that is supported by free software; as our numbers "
+"increase, secrecy of specifications will become a self-defeating policy."
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+"feeling that free software is a matter of principle, and nonfree drivers are "
+"intolerable. And will large numbers of us spend extra money, or even a "
+"little extra time, so we can use free drivers? Yes, if the determination to "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"<a href=\"http://www.libreboot.org/\";>LibreBoot</a> (a distribution of "
+"coreboot); the problem is getting specs for machines so that LibreBoot can "
+"support them without nonfree “blobs”.)"
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+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Nonfree libraries"
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A nonfree library that runs on free operating systems acts as a trap for "
+"free software developers. The library's attractive features are the bait; "
+"if you use the library, you fall into the trap, because your program cannot "
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+"include your program, but it won't <em>run</em> with the library missing.) "
+"Even worse, if a program that uses the proprietary library becomes popular, "
+"it can lure other unsuspecting programmers into the trap."
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+"Although there were as yet no free operating systems, it was clear what "
+"problem Motif would cause for them later on. The GNU Project responded in "
+"two ways: by asking individual free software projects to support the free X "
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+"replacement for Motif. The job took many years; LessTif, developed by the "
+"Hungry Programmers, became powerful enough to support most Motif "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"Between 1996 and 1998, another nonfree <acronym title=\"Graphical User "
+"Interface\">GUI</acronym> toolkit library, called Qt, was used in a "
+"substantial collection of free software, the desktop <acronym title=\"K "
+"Desktop Environment\">KDE</acronym>."
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+"Free GNU/Linux systems were unable to use KDE, because we could not use the "
+"library. However, some commercial distributors of GNU/Linux systems who "
+"were not strict about sticking with free software added KDE to their "
+"systems—producing a system with more capabilities, but less freedom. "
+"The KDE group was actively encouraging more programmers to use Qt, and "
+"millions of new “Linux users” had never been exposed to the idea "
+"that there was a problem in this. The situation appeared grim."
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"GNOME, the GNU Network Object Model Environment, is GNU's desktop project. "
+"Started in 1997 by Miguel de Icaza, and developed with the support of Red "
+"Hat Software, GNOME set out to provide similar desktop facilities, but using "
+"free software exclusively. It has technical advantages as well, such as "
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+"In November 1998, the developers of Qt announced a change of license which, "
+"when carried out, should make Qt free software. There is no way to be sure, "
+"but I think that this was partly due to the community's firm response to the "
+"problem that Qt posed when it was nonfree. (The new license is inconvenient "
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+"The LZW compression algorithm patents were applied for in 1983, and we still "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"software anyway. We will manage to get work done without the patented "
+"features. But those who value free software because they expect it to be "
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+"back. Thus, while it is useful to talk about the practical effectiveness of "
+"the “bazaar” model of development, and the reliability and power "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The biggest deficiency in our free operating systems is not in the "
+"software—it is the lack of good free manuals that we can include in "
+"our systems. Documentation is an essential part of any software package; "
+"when an important free software package does not come with a good free "
+"manual, that is a major gap. We have many such gaps today."
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+"Permission for modification is crucial too. As a general rule, I don't "
+"believe that it is essential for people to have permission to modify all "
+"sorts of articles and books. For example, I don't think you or I are "
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+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+"But there is a particular reason why the freedom to modify is crucial for "
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+"will change the manual, too—so they can provide accurate and usable "
+"documentation with the modified program. A nonfree manual, which does not "
+"allow programmers to be conscientious and finish the job, does not fill our "
+"community's needs."
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+"ä½æ¯æ¥æä¿®æ¹èªç±è½¯ä»¶ææ¡£çèªç±æ¯å
³é®çï¼æ¯æç¹å«çåå çãå½äººä»¬å®è·µä¿®æ¹è½¯ä»¶"
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·ä»ä»¬å°±ä¼ä¸ºä¿®æ¹åç软件æä¾åç¡®åå¯ç¨çææ¡£ãéèªç±çææ¡£ä¸å
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+"å尽责并å®ææ档工ä½ï¼ä¸ç¬¦åæ们社åºçéè¦ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Some kinds of limits on how modifications are done pose no problem. For "
+"example, requirements to preserve the original author's copyright notice, "
+"the distribution terms, or the list of authors, are OK. It is also no "
+"problem to require modified versions to include notice that they were "
+"modified, even to have entire sections that may not be deleted or changed, "
+"as long as these sections deal with nontechnical topics. These kinds of "
+"restrictions are not a problem because they don't stop the conscientious "
+"programmer from adapting the manual to fit the modified program. In other "
+"words, they don't block the free software community from making full use of "
+"the manual."
+msgstr ""
+"å
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å«ä¿®æ¹å£°æä¹æ²¡é®é¢ãå¦æä¸æ¯ææ¯è¯é¢ï¼å³ä½¿"
+"è¦æ±æ´ä¸ªå£°æä¸è¢«å
é¤æä¿®æ¹ä¹æ²¡é®é¢ãè¿äºéå¶ä¸æ¯é®é¢å
为å®ä»¬æ²¡æé»æ¢å°½è´£çç¨"
+"åºåä¿®æ¹æ档以éåºè½¯ä»¶çä¿®æ¹ãæ¢å¥è¯è¯´ï¼å®ä»¬æ²¡æé»æ¢èªç±è½¯ä»¶ç¤¾åºä½¿ç¨æ´ä¸ªæ"
+"æ¡£ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"However, it must be possible to modify all the <em>technical</em> content of "
+"the manual, and then distribute the result in all the usual media, through "
+"all the usual channels; otherwise, the restrictions do obstruct the "
+"community, the manual is not free, and we need another manual."
+msgstr ""
+"ç¶èï¼å¿
é¡»è¦å
许修æ¹ææ¡£çææ<em>ææ¯</em>å
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许ä»ææ常è§æ¸ é以ææ常"
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Will free software developers have the awareness and determination to "
+"produce a full spectrum of free manuals? Once again, our future depends on "
+"philosophy."
+msgstr ""
+"èªç±è½¯ä»¶çå¼åè
æ没æè§æåå³å¿æ¥ååºå
¨æ¹ä½çèªç±ææ¡£ï¼æ们çæªæ¥åä¸æ¬¡ä¾èµ"
+"äºæ们çå²å¦ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "We must talk about freedom"
+msgstr "æ们å¿
须论åèªç±"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Estimates today are that there are ten million users of GNU/Linux systems "
+"such as Debian GNU/Linux and Red Hat “Linux”. Free software has "
+"developed such practical advantages that users are flocking to it for purely "
+"practical reasons."
+msgstr ""
+"估计å½ä»æä¸åä¸GNU/Linuxç¨æ·ï¼ä»ä»¬ä½¿ç¨è¯¸å¦Debian
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ä»
å 为å
¶å®ç¨æ§å°±è"
+"æ¥èè³ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The good consequences of this are evident: more interest in developing free "
+"software, more customers for free software businesses, and more ability to "
+"encourage companies to develop commercial free software instead of "
+"proprietary software products."
+msgstr ""
+"好çæææ¯æ¾èæè§çï¼æ´å¤å¼åèªç±è½¯ä»¶çå
´è¶£ãæ´å¤èªç±è½¯ä»¶è¡ä¸ç客æ·å对å¼å"
+"åç¨èªç±è½¯ä»¶èä¸æ¯ä¸å±è½¯ä»¶çå
¬å¸çæ´æåçé¼èã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But interest in the software is growing faster than awareness of the "
+"philosophy it is based on, and this leads to trouble. Our ability to meet "
+"the challenges and threats described above depends on the will to stand firm "
+"for freedom. To make sure our community has this will, we need to spread "
+"the idea to the new users as they come into the community."
+msgstr ""
+"ä½æ¯å¯¹è½¯ä»¶å
´è¶£çé«æ¶¨è¶
è¿äºå¯¹å
¶å²å¦åºç¡ç认ç¥ï¼è¿ä¼å¯¼è´éº»ç¦ãæ们é¢å¯¹ä¸è¿°ææ"
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+"æ°å å
¥ç¤¾åºçä¼ä¼´ä¼ ææ们çç念ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But we are failing to do so: the efforts to attract new users into our "
+"community are far outstripping the efforts to teach them the civics of our "
+"community. We need to do both, and we need to keep the two efforts in "
+"balance."
+msgstr ""
+"ä½æ¯æ们æ£å¨æ¤å¤å¤±è´¥ï¼æ们å¸å¼æ°ç¨æ·çåªå大大è¶
è¿äºæè²ä»ä»¬æ为åæ ¼ç¤¾åºå
¬æ°"
+"çåªåãæ们è¦ä¸¤æé½æï¼ä¹è¦ä¸¤æä¸æ ·ç¡¬ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "“Open Source”"
+msgstr "“å¼æº”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Teaching new users about freedom became more difficult in 1998, when a part "
+"of the community decided to stop using the term “free software” "
+"and say “open source software” instead."
+msgstr ""
+"å¨1998å¹´ï¼æè²æ°ç¨æ·èªç±çç念åå¾æ´å
å°é¾ï¼å½æ¶é¨å社åºæåå³å®ä½¿ç¨“å¼"
+"溔代濓èªç±è½¯ä»¶”ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Some who favored this term aimed to avoid the confusion of “"
+"free” with “gratis”—a valid goal. Others, however, "
+"aimed to set aside the spirit of principle that had motivated the free "
+"software movement and the GNU Project, and to appeal instead to executives "
+"and business users, many of whom hold an ideology that places profit above "
+"freedom, above community, above principle. Thus, the rhetoric of “"
+"open source” focuses on the potential to make high-quality, powerful "
+"software, but shuns the ideas of freedom, community, and principle."
+msgstr ""
+"å
¶ä¸ä¸äºäººçç®çæ¯é¿å
“èªç±”å“å
è´¹”çæ··æ·—è¿æ¯"
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¶ä¸å¾å¤äººçç念æ¯çå©è¶
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+"èªç±ã社åºåååçç念ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The “Linux” magazines are a clear example of this—they are "
+"filled with advertisements for proprietary software that works with GNU/"
+"Linux. When the next Motif or Qt appears, will these magazines warn "
+"programmers to stay away from it, or will they run ads for it?"
+msgstr ""
+"“Linux”æå¿å°±æ¯ä¸ä¸ªæç¡®çä¾å—å
¶ä¸å¡æ»¡äºå·¥ä½å¨GNU/Linuxç³»ç»"
+"ä¹ä¸çä¸å±è½¯ä»¶ç广åãå½åæMotifæQtä¹ç±»ç软件åºç°ï¼è¿äºæå¿æ¯è¯¥è¦åç¨åºåè¿"
+"离å®ä»¬å¢ï¼è¿æ¯ä¼ä¸ºå®ä»¬æ广åå¢ï¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The support of business can contribute to the community in many ways; all "
+"else being equal, it is useful. But winning their support by speaking even "
+"less about freedom and principle can be disastrous; it makes the previous "
+"imbalance between outreach and civics education even worse."
+msgstr ""
+"åä¸çæ¯æè½å¤å¨å¾å¤æ¹é¢ä¸ºç¤¾åºåè´¡ç®ï¼å
¶ä»æ¡ä»¶åéæ¶ï¼è¿æ¯æç¨çãä½æ¯éè¿å°"
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ç¨æ·åæè²å
¬æ°çä¸"
+"平衡åå¾æ´ç³ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"“Free software” and “open source” describe the same "
+"category of software, more or less, but say different things about the "
+"software, and about values. The GNU Project continues to use the term "
+"“free software”, to express the idea that freedom, not just "
+"technology, is important."
+msgstr ""
+"“èªç±è½¯ä»¶”å“å¼æº”æè¿°çæ¯å¤§è´åä¸ç±»è½¯ä»¶ï¼ä½æ¯å®ä»¬è¡¨"
+"è¿°çå´æ¯è¿äºè½¯ä»¶çä¸åå±é¢åä»·å¼ãGNUå·¥ç¨ç»§ç»ä½¿ç¨“èªç±è½¯ä»¶”ä¸è¯ï¼"
+"æ¥è¡¨è¾¾èªç±èä¸åªææ¯æ¯éè¦çï¼è¿ä¸ç念ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Try!"
+msgstr "å°è¯ï¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Yoda's aphorism (“There is no ‘try’”) sounds neat, "
+"but it doesn't work for me. I have done most of my work while anxious about "
+"whether I could do the job, and unsure that it would be enough to achieve "
+"the goal if I did. But I tried anyway, because there was no one but me "
+"between the enemy and my city. Surprising myself, I have sometimes "
+"succeeded."
+msgstr ""
+"ç¹å¤§çåè¨ï¼“ä¸å娑å°è¯’”ï¼å¬æ¥ä¼é
ï¼ä½æ¯å¯¹æä¸é"
+"ç¨ã带çæ¯å¦è½å¤å®æä»»å¡çç¦èã带çå®æç®æ
æ¯å¦å·²è¶³å¤çæçï¼æå®æäºå¤§é¨å"
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ä¹é´åªææèªå·±ã令æåæçæ¯ï¼"
+"æææ¶ä¹è½åèã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Sometimes I failed; some of my cities have fallen. Then I found another "
+"threatened city, and got ready for another battle. Over time, I've learned "
+"to look for threats and put myself between them and my city, calling on "
+"other hackers to come and join me."
+msgstr ""
+"æææ¶ä¹å¤±è´¥ï¼ä¸äºåæ±
沦é·äºãç¶åææ¾å°å¦ä¸ä¸ªé¢ä¸´å¨èçåæ±
ï¼å¹¶åå¤å¥½å¦ä¸åº"
+"æå½¹ã天é¿æ¥ä¹
ï¼æå¦ä¼äºåç°å¨è并置身äºå¨èååæ±
ä¹é´ï¼å¼å¤å
¶ä»é»å®¢æ¥å å
¥æ"
+"çéµè¥ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Nowadays, often I'm not the only one. It is a relief and a joy when I see a "
+"regiment of hackers digging in to hold the line, and I realize, this city "
+"may survive—for now. But the dangers are greater each year, and now "
+"Microsoft has explicitly targeted our community. We can't take the future "
+"of freedom for granted. Don't take it for granted! If you want to keep your "
+"freedom, you must be prepared to defend it."
+msgstr ""
+"ç°å¦ä»ï¼æé常ä¸åæ¯ä¸ä¸ªäººãçå°å¤§éçé»å®¢ææå£ãå®éµçº¿çæè§æ¯è½»æ¾åå¿«ä¹ã"
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+"æèªç±ï¼ä½ å¿
é¡»åå¤å¥½æå«èªç±ã"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+"<h3>è¯æ³¨</h3>\n"
+"<ol>\n"
+"<li id=\"TransNote1\">è¿éçæææ¯èµ·ååæ¶ï¼å¨æ°ååéå
å«æ§åå以ä½ç°å¯¹æ§å"
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+"<li id=\"TransNote2\">åææ¯Scratching an
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+"个é¹å¿çé®é¢ï¼æ
è¯ä¸ºè§£å³çç¹ã</li>\n"
+"</ol>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";
+"\"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other
ways "
+"to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions "
+"can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden"
+"org></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"请å°æå
³èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF) & GNU
çä¸è¬æ§é®é¢åéå°<a href=\"mailto:";
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ãä¹å¯ä»¥éè¿ <a
href=\"/contact/\">å
¶ä»"
+"èç³»æ¹æ³</a> èç³»èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF)ãæå
³å¤±æé¾æ¥æå
¶ä»é误å建议ï¼è¯·åéé®"
+"件å°<a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>ã"
+
+#
+#
+#
+#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#. replace it with the translation of these two:
+#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#. to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
+#. <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. our web pages, see <a
+#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#. README</a>.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">"
+"ç¿»è¯é¡»ç¥</a>è·åæå
³åè°åæ交翻è¯çç¸å
³äºé¡¹ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1998, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
+"2017 Richard Stallman"
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 1998, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2014, 2015, "
+"2017 Richard Stallman"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"æ¬é¡µé¢ä½¿ç¨<a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-";
+"nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International "
+"License</a>ææã"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"<b>ç¿»è¯å¢é</b>ï¼<a rel=\"team\"
href=\"https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/";
+"www-zh-cn/\"><CTT></a>ï¼2017ã"
+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
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