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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy ucita.ja.html po/ucita.ja-diff.html |
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Date: |
Wed, 31 May 2017 07:00:00 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 17/05/31 07:00:00
Modified files:
philosophy : ucita.ja.html
Added files:
philosophy/po : ucita.ja-diff.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/ucita.ja.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.32&r2=1.33
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/ucita.ja-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: ucita.ja.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/ucita.ja.html,v
retrieving revision 1.32
retrieving revision 1.33
diff -u -b -r1.32 -r1.33
--- ucita.ja.html 18 Nov 2016 07:32:51 -0000 1.32
+++ ucita.ja.html 31 May 2017 10:59:59 -0000 1.33
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/ucita.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/ucita.ja.po">
+ https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/ucita.ja.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/ucita.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/ucita.ja-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2017-04-01" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/philosophy/ucita.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ja.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
@@ -8,6 +13,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/ucita.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ja.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.ja.html" -->
<h2>ããããã¡ãUCITAã¨éããã°ãªããªãçç±</h2>
<p>
@@ -172,7 +178,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
æçµæ´æ°:
-$Date: 2016/11/18 07:32:51 $
+$Date: 2017/05/31 10:59:59 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/ucita.ja-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/ucita.ja-diff.html
diff -N po/ucita.ja-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/ucita.ja-diff.html 31 May 2017 10:59:59 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/ucita.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.79 -->
+<title>Why We Must Fight UCITA - GNU Project
+- Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/ucita.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Why We Must Fight UCITA</h2>
+
+<p>
+UCITA is a proposed law, designed by the proprietary software
+developers, who are now asking all 50 states of the US to adopt it.
+If UCITA is adopted, it will threaten the free software community
+<a href="#Note1">(1)</a> with disaster. To understand why, please
+read on.</p>
+<p>
+We generally believe that big companies ought to be held to a strict
+standard of liability to their customers, because they can afford it
+and because it will keep them honest. On the other hand, individuals,
+amateurs, and good samaritans should be treated more favorably.</p>
+<p>
+UCITA does exactly the opposite. It makes individuals, amateurs, and
+good samaritans liable, but not big companies.</p>
+<p>
+You see, UCITA says that by default a software developer or
+distributor is completely liable for flaws in a program; but it also
+allows a shrink-wrap license to override the default. Sophisticated
+software companies that make proprietary software will use shrink-wrap
+licenses to avoid liability entirely. But amateurs, and self-employed
+contractors who develop software for others, will often be shafted
+because they didn't know about this problem. And we free software
+developers won't have any reliable way to avoid the problem.</p>
+<p>
+What could we do about this? We could try to change our licenses to
+avoid it. But since we don't use shrink-wrap licenses, we cannot
+override the UCITA default. Perhaps we can prohibit distribution in
+the states that adopt UCITA. That might solve the problem—for
+the software we release in the future. But we can't do this
+retroactively for software we have already released. Those versions
+are already available, people are already licensed to distribute them
+in these states—and when they do so, under UCITA, they would
+make us liable. We are powerless to change this situation by changing
+our licenses now; we will have to make complex legal arguments that
+may or may not work.</p>
+<p>
+UCITA has another indirect consequence that would hamstring free
+software development in the long term—it gives proprietary
+software developers the power to prohibit reverse engineering. This
+would make it easy for them to establish secret file formats and
+protocols, which there would be no lawful way for us to figure
+out.</p>
+<p>
+That could be a disastrous obstacle for development of free software
+that can serve users' practical needs, because communicating with
+users of non-free software is one of those needs. Many users today
+feel that they must run Windows, simply so they can read and write
+files in Word format. Microsoft's “Halloween documents”
+announced a plan to use secret formats and protocols as a weapon to
+obstruct the development of the GNU/Linux system
+<a href="#Note2">(2)</a>.</p>
+<p>
+Precisely this kind of restriction is now being used in Norway to
+prosecute 16-year-old Jon Johansen, who figured out the format of DVDs
+to make it possible to write free software to play them on free
+operating systems. (The Electronic Frontier Foundation is helping
+with his defense; see <a
href="http://www.eff.org/">http://www.eff.org</a>
+for further information.)</p>
+<p>
+Some friends of free software have argued that UCITA would benefit our
+community, by making non-free software intolerably restrictive, and
+thus driving users to us. Realistically speaking, this is unlikely,
+because it assumes that proprietary software developers will act
+against their own interests. They may be greedy and ruthless, but
+they are not stupid.</p>
+<p>
+Proprietary software developers intend to use the additional power
+UCITA would give them to increase their profits. Rather than using
+this power at full throttle all the time, they will make an effort to
+find the most profitable way to use it. Those applications of UCITA
+power that make users stop buying will be abandoned; those that most
+users tolerate will become the norm. UCITA will not help us.</p>
+<p>
+UCITA does not apply only to software. It applies to any sort of
+computer-readable information. Even if you use only free software,
+you are likely to read articles on your computer, and access data
+bases. UCITA will allow the publishers to impose the most outrageous
+restrictions on you. They could change the license retroactively at
+any time, and force you to delete the material if you don't accept the
+change. They could even prohibit you from describing what you see as
+flaws in the material.</p>
+<p>
+This is too outrageous an injustice to wish on anyone, even if it
+would indirectly benefit a good cause. As ethical beings, we must not
+favor the infliction of hardship and injustice on others on the
+grounds that it will drive them to join our cause. We must not be
+Machiavellian. The point of free software is concern for each other.</p>
+<p>
+Our only smart plan, our only ethical plan, is…to defeat
UCITA!</p>
+<p>
+If you want to help the fight against UCITA, by meeting with state
+legislators in your state, send mail to Skip Lockwood
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. He
can tell you how to
+contribute effectively.</p>
+<p>
+Volunteers are needed most urgently in Virginia and
+Maryland <a href="#Note3">(3)</a>, but California and Oklahoma are
+coming soon. There will probably be a battle in every state sooner or
+later.</p>
+<p>
+For more information about UCITA, see
+<a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20000520080750/http://www.badsoftware.com/uccindex.htm">http://www.badsoftware.com
+[Archived Page]</a> or read the UCITA page on
+Wikipedia: <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Computer_Information_Transactions_Act">
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Computer_Information_Transactions_Act</a>.
</p>
+<!-- Link broken as of 21 Oct 2012
+InfoWorld magazine is also helping to fight
+against UCITA; see
+<a
href="http://archive.infoworld.com/cgi-bin/displayStory.pl?/features/990531ucita_home.htm">
+http://archive.infoworld.com/cgi-bin/displayStory.pl?/features/990531ucita_home.htm</a>
+-->
+<h4>Notes</h4>
+<ol>
+<li id="Note1">Other people have been using the term “open
+source” to describe a similar category of software. I use the
+term “free software” to show that the Free Software
+Movement still exists—that the Open Source Movement has not
+replaced or absorbed us.
+<p>
+If you value your freedom as well as your convenience, I suggest you
+use the term “free software”, not “open
+source”, to describe your own work, so as to stand up clearly
+for your values.</p>
+<p>
+If you value accuracy, please use the term “free
+software”, not “open source”, to describe the work
+of the Free Software Movement. The GNU operating system, its
+GNU/Linux variant, the many GNU software packages, and the GNU GPL,
+are all primarily the work of the Free Software Movement. The
+supporters of the Open Source Movement have the right to promote their
+views, but they should not do so on the basis of our achievements.</p>
+<p>
+See <a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html">
+http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html</a> for
+more explanation.</p></li>
+
+<li id="Note2">The system is often called “Linux”, but
+properly speaking Linux is actually the kernel, one major component of
+the system (see
+<a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html</a>).</li>
+
+<li id="Note3">The Maryland lower house has approved UCITA; there is a
+push to get the state senate to approve it before the end of the
+legislative session, on April 10.
+<p>
+To rush the consideration of this bill is even more obviously foolish
+than the bill itself. So if you live in Maryland, please phone or
+write to your state senator, saying the senate should at least defer
+UCITA for summer study, if it is not rejected outright.</p>
+<p>
+If you know anyone in Maryland who works with computers, please
+forward this message to that person and ask for per
support.</p></li>
+</ol>
+
+<hr />
+<p style="text-align:center">
+If you support the anti UCITA campaign, <em>please make prominent links
to
+ this page, http://www.4cite.org [closed].</em>
+</p>
+
+<hr />
+<h4>Links to other articles</h4>
+<ul>
+ <li><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://www.ieeeusa.org/policy/issues/UCITA/">IEEE</strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160322150920/http://www.ieeeusa.org/policy/issues/UCITA">IEEE</em></ins></span>
+ supports the movement to oppose <span
class="removed"><del><strong>UCITA</a></li></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>UCITA [Archived
Page]</a></li></em></ins></span>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://www.computerworld.com/article/2593115/app-development/cios-join-fight-to-kill-ucita.html">CIOs
+ join fight to kill UCITA</a></li>
+
+ <li><a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/20010818101424/http://interlog.com/~cjazz/bnews7.htm">Anti
+UCITA, and other interesting links maintained by Citizens on the Web
+[Archived Page]</a>
+</li>
+
+</ul>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 2000, 2008, 2013, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2016</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2016, 2017</em></ins></span> Free Software
Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2017/05/31 10:59:59 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
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