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www education/po/edu-software-gimp.uk.po philos...
From: |
Andriy Bandura |
Subject: |
www education/po/edu-software-gimp.uk.po philos... |
Date: |
Fri, 02 Oct 2015 06:35:41 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Andriy Bandura <andriykopanytsia> 15/10/02 06:35:40
Modified files:
education/po : edu-software-gimp.uk.po
philosophy/po : open-source-misses-the-point.uk.po
Added files:
gnu/po : manifesto.uk.po
Log message:
Updated Ukrainian translation
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/manifesto.uk.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/education/po/edu-software-gimp.uk.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=1.5
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.uk.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.21&r2=1.22
Patches:
Index: education/po/edu-software-gimp.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/education/po/edu-software-gimp.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- education/po/edu-software-gimp.uk.po 1 Sep 2015 17:59:05 -0000
1.4
+++ education/po/edu-software-gimp.uk.po 2 Oct 2015 06:33:57 -0000
1.5
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: edu-software-gimp.html\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-04-14 17:57+0000\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-09-01 20:31+0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-10-02 09:31+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <address@hidden>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <address@hidden>\n"
"Language: uk\n"
@@ -95,6 +95,23 @@
"computer graphics professionals. It is also multi-platform, and it handles a "
"wide range of formats plus format conversion."
msgstr ""
+"GIMP ÑозÑиÑÑовÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ñк “пÑогÑам GNU длÑ
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+"поÑÑнÑвалÑна назва Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами, Ñо
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+"ÑаÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ GNU, ÑобÑо вона ÑлÑдÑÑ
ÑÑандаÑÑам GNU Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿ÑÑена пÑд "
+"<a href=\"/licenses/quick-guide-gplv3.html\">ÐагалÑноÑ
гÑомадÑÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð»ÑÑензÑÑÑ "
+"GNU</a> веÑÑÑÑ 3 або новÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ, Ñоб
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+"Ñвободи коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв. Ðона може бÑÑи
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+"Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ живопиÑÑ Ñ ÐºÑеÑленнÑ, Ñак Ñ
Ñк поÑÑжна пÑогÑама Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑкладниÑ
"
+"завданÑ, ÑакиÑ
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+"ÑозÑиÑене ÑеÑÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑвÑÑлин, ÑиÑÑова
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+"пÑогÑами, GIMP виводиÑÑ Ð½Ð° екÑан маÑив з
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+"ÑпÑÑмованиÑ
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ÐÑн Ñакож Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°ÑоплаÑÑоÑмовий, "
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
@@ -115,6 +132,12 @@
"in the preparation of graphic materials for slides, handouts, the school's "
"Web site or bulletin and similar projects."
msgstr ""
+"GIMP викоÑиÑÑовÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ ÑиÑлом Ñ
ÑдожникÑв, амаÑоÑÑв, веб-ÑозÑобникÑв, "
+"виÑ
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+"ÑÑнÑм Ñ Ð²ÑиÑелÑм "
+"Ñ Ð¿ÑдгоÑовÑÑ Ð³ÑаÑÑÑниÑ
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+"веб-ÑайÑÑ "
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
@@ -132,6 +155,11 @@
"fragments' made on paper), teaching to teenagers, preparing images for "
"video, etc.). In other words, one of my favorite programs.”"
msgstr ""
+"“Ð¦Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑовÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑзниÑ
ÑобÑÑ: ÑедагÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑвÑÑлин "
+"(змÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ "
+"зобÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñазом), малÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ (Ð¼Ð¾Ñ \"ÑиÑÑовÑ
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
@@ -140,6 +168,11 @@
"without giving up their freedom as computer users. Among those, there is one "
"that goes beyond the ordinary."
msgstr ""
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#. type: Content of: <h4>
msgid "How GIMP changed Mani's life."
@@ -155,6 +188,15 @@
"through the use of freedom-respecting software. This brought sustained "
"improvement to his community and ultimately a radical turn in his own life."
msgstr ""
+"ÐÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ñав ÑвÑй ÑлÑÑ
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
@@ -166,6 +208,15 @@
"sold. The following three-minutes video portrays Mani's endeavor to learn "
"Free Software."
msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑпа ÑÑвоÑена комп'ÑÑеÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑаÑоÑÑÑÑ
вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ "
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#. TRANSLATORS: please translate the written description of the video
#. and replace the link to the English version with the link to your
@@ -177,6 +228,11 @@
"education/misc/we_use_gnu-linux_description.en.txt\"> written description of "
"the video</a> is available for the visually impaired)."
msgstr ""
+"(ÐÑимÑÑка Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð»Ñдей з поÑÑÑеннÑми ÑлÑÑ
Ñ:
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+"звÑкова доÑÑжка, Ñка Ñ ÑоÑÑепÑанноÑ
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
@@ -208,6 +264,21 @@
"replicate our model, we are already running three computer centers in other "
"slums in the area.”"
msgstr ""
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid "Richard Stallman's comment on this case:"
@@ -233,6 +304,14 @@
"irrelevant to their profit goals the damage that their policies cause to "
"users of their products."
msgstr ""
+"ÐнÑеÑеÑи ÑозÑобникÑв невÑлÑниÑ
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
@@ -248,6 +327,19 @@
"survival. The social bond among its members is solid and strong, a bulwark "
"against the incursion of additional sources of exclusion."
msgstr ""
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
@@ -262,6 +354,19 @@
"freedoms are granted to them only by <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html"
"\">Free Software</a>."
msgstr ""
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
@@ -274,12 +379,25 @@
"platforms —most likely nonfree. So users have no choice but to keep "
"the old version of the program or else invest in a new operating system."
msgstr ""
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
"Isabel Saij explains why she decided to break free from the trap by adopting "
"Free Software:"
msgstr ""
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#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
msgid ""
@@ -296,6 +414,26 @@
"community being able to access the code. Someone else can come along and "
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msgstr ""
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
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#. type: Content of: <p>
msgid ""
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#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div>
@@ -420,3 +600,4 @@
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðновлено:"
+
Index: philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.uk.po,v
retrieving revision 1.21
retrieving revision 1.22
diff -u -b -r1.21 -r1.22
--- philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.uk.po 1 Sep 2015 20:28:51
-0000 1.21
+++ philosophy/po/open-source-misses-the-point.uk.po 2 Oct 2015 06:35:28
-0000 1.22
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: open-source-misses-the-point.html\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-09-01 20:25+0000\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-05-02 14:30+0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-10-01 22:02+0300\n"
"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <address@hidden>\n"
"Language-Team: Ukrainian <address@hidden>\n"
"Language: uk\n"
@@ -416,6 +416,11 @@
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#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
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#. type: Content of: <div><div>
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#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr "Ðновлено:"
+
Index: gnu/po/manifesto.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: gnu/po/manifesto.uk.po
diff -N gnu/po/manifesto.uk.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ gnu/po/manifesto.uk.po 2 Oct 2015 06:33:52 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,1165 @@
+# LANGUAGE translation of http://www.gnu.org/gnu/manifesto.html
+# Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+#
+# Andriy Bandura <address@hidden>, 2015.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: manifesto.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-06-02 12:55+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-10-02 08:21+0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Ukrainian <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+"Language: uk\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<"
+"=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
+"X-Generator: Lokalize 1.5\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid "The GNU Manifesto - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr "ÐанÑÑеÑÑ GNU - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд вÑлÑного
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+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "The GNU Manifesto"
+msgstr "ÐанÑÑеÑÑ GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Manifesto (which appears below) was written by <a "
+"href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\">Richard Stallman</a> in 1985 to ask for "
+"support in developing the GNU operating system. Part of the text was taken "
+"from the original announcement of 1983. Through 1987, it was updated in "
+"minor ways to account for developments; since then, it seems best to leave "
+"it unchanged."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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+#. type: Content of: <h3>
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
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нологÑÑного ÑнÑÑиÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"GNU is aimed initially at machines in the 68000/16000 class with virtual "
+"memory, because they are the easiest machines to make it run on. The extra "
+"effort to make it run on smaller machines will be left to someone who wants "
+"to use it on them."
+msgstr ""
+"GNU ÑпоÑаÑÐºÑ Ð¾ÑÑÑнÑована на ÐÐРклаÑÑ \n"
+"68000/16000 з вÑÑÑÑалÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð°Ð¼'ÑÑÑÑ, оÑкÑлÑки \n"
+"на ниÑ
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пÑаÑÑваÑи. ÐодаÑкова \n"
+"ÑобоÑа Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐºÑ ÑÑ Ð½Ð° менÑиÑ
ÐÐÐ
залиÑиÑÑÑÑ \n"
+"на ÑаÑÑÐºÑ Ñого, Ñ
Ñо заÑ
оÑе заÑÑоÑовÑваÑи
ÑÑ Ð½Ð° ниÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"To avoid horrible confusion, please pronounce the <em>g</em> in the word "
+"“GNU” when it is the name of this project."
+msgstr ""
+"Щоб ÑникнÑÑи жаÑ
Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð»ÑÑанини, бÑдÑ
лаÑка, говоÑÑÑÑ <em>g</em> "
+"Ñ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ñ “GNU”, коли воно познаÑÐ°Ñ Ñей
пÑоекÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Why I Must Write GNU"
+msgstr "Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½ пиÑаÑи GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I consider that the Golden Rule requires that if I like a program I must "
+"share it with other people who like it. Software sellers want to divide the "
+"users and conquer them, making each user agree not to share with others. I "
+"refuse to break solidarity with other users in this way. I cannot in good "
+"conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license agreement. "
+"For years I worked within the Artificial Intelligence Lab to resist such "
+"tendencies and other inhospitalities, but eventually they had gone too far: "
+"I could not remain in an institution where such things are done for me "
+"against my will."
+msgstr ""
+"Я беÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ Ñваги, Ñо золоÑе пÑавило вимагаÑ,
Ñо, "
+"ÑкÑо Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð°ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑама, Ñо Ñ
повинен "
+"обмÑнÑваÑиÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð· ÑнÑими лÑдÑми, Ñким
вона подобаÑÑÑÑÑ. "
+"ÐÑодавÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑам Ñ
оÑÑÑÑ ÑоздÑлиÑи
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв,"
+"панÑваÑи над ними, вимагаÑÑи Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
коÑиÑÑÑваÑа "
+"згоди не обмÑнÑваÑиÑÑ Ð· ÑнÑими. Я
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+"поÑÑÑÑваÑи Ñаким Ñином ÑолÑдаÑнÑÑÑÑ Ð·
ÑнÑими "
+"коÑиÑÑÑваÑами. Я не Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ· ÑоÑомÑ
пÑдпиÑаÑи лÑÑензÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ "
+"Ñгода пÑогÑами або договÑÑ Ð¿Ñо
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+"Я Ñоками пÑаÑÑвав Ñ ÐабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ "
+"ÑÑÑÑного ÑнÑелекÑÑ, Ñоб ÑÑÑимаÑи ÑÐ°ÐºÑ "
+"ÑенденÑÑÑ Ñа ÑнÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð±ÑозиÑливÑÑÑÑ, але
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+"вони зайÑли занадÑо далеко: Ñ Ð½Ðµ змÑг "
+"залиÑаÑиÑÑ Ð² ÑнÑÑиÑÑÑÑ, де Ñаке Ñобили за
мене "
+"пÑоÑи моÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So that I can continue to use computers without dishonor, I have decided to "
+"put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to "
+"get along without any software that is not free. I have resigned from the "
+"AI Lab to deny MIT any legal excuse to prevent me from giving GNU away.<a "
+"href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑже, Ñоб маÑи можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑодовжÑваÑи "
+"коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿'ÑÑеÑами без ганÑби, Ñ
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+"ÑклаÑÑи Ñазом доÑÑаÑÐ½Ñ ÑиÑло вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам "
+"з Ñим, Ñоб Ñ Ð·Ð¼Ñг обÑйÑиÑÑ Ð±ÐµÐ· бÑдÑ-ÑкоÑ
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+"лабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ, Ñоб не залиÑиÑи ÑнÑÑиÑÑÑÑ
жодного законного пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ñ "
+"ÑÑÑимаÑи мене вÑд ÑоздаÑÑ<a href=\"#f2a\">(2)</a> GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Why GNU Will Be Compatible with Unix"
+msgstr "Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ GNU бÑде ÑÑмÑÑна з Unix"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Unix is not my ideal system, but it is not too bad. The essential features "
+"of Unix seem to be good ones, and I think I can fill in what Unix lacks "
+"without spoiling them. And a system compatible with Unix would be "
+"convenient for many other people to adopt."
+msgstr ""
+"Unix Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ðµ не Ñдеал, але вона не "
+"Ñака вже погана. У ÑвоÑÑ
оÑноваÑ
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+"здоÑовоÑ, Ñ Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, Ñо Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¸Ñи Ñе,
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+"бÑакÑÑ Unix, не зÑпÑÑвавÑи ÑиÑ
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+"ÑиÑÑема, ÑÑмÑÑна з Unix, бÑде зÑÑÑна в
оÑвоÑÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°ÑÑоÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "How GNU Will Be Available"
+msgstr "Як GNU бÑде поÑиÑÑваÑиÑÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"GNU is not in the public domain. Everyone will be permitted to modify and "
+"redistribute GNU, but no distributor will be allowed to restrict its further "
+"redistribution. That is to say, <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">proprietary</a> "
+"modifications will not be allowed. I want to make sure that all versions of "
+"GNU remain free."
+msgstr ""
+"GNU — не ÑÑÑпÑлÑне надбаннÑ. ÐÑÑм "
+"бÑде дозволено змÑнÑваÑи Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÑваÑи GNU,
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+"поÑÑаÑалÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð½Ðµ дозволÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ñи ÑÑ
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+"поÑиÑеннÑ. ÐнÑими Ñловами, <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\">невÑлÑнÑ</a>
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+"змÑни бÑдÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑоненÑ. Я Ñ
оÑÑ
гаÑанÑÑваÑи, Ñо "
+"вÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ GNU залиÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑними."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Why Many Other Programmers Want to Help"
+msgstr "Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñо пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв Ñ
оÑÑÑÑ
допомогÑи"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I have found many other programmers who are excited about GNU and want to "
+"help."
+msgstr "Я знайÑов багаÑо пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв, ÑкÑ
ÑпÑвÑÑваÑÑÑ GNU Ñ Ñ
оÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Many programmers are unhappy about the commercialization of system "
+"software. It may enable them to make more money, but it requires them to "
+"feel in conflict with other programmers in general rather than feel as "
+"comrades. The fundamental act of friendship among programmers is the "
+"sharing of programs; marketing arrangements now typically used essentially "
+"forbid programmers to treat others as friends. The purchaser of software "
+"must choose between friendship and obeying the law. Naturally, many decide "
+"that friendship is more important. But those who believe in law often do "
+"not feel at ease with either choice. They become cynical and think that "
+"programming is just a way of making money."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐагаÑо пÑогÑамÑÑÑи ÑÑÑÑбованÑ
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+"вÑдÑÑваÑи Ñебе вÑдноÑно ÑнÑиÑ
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+"пÑоÑивниками, а не ÑоваÑиÑами. ÐаÑÑжний "
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+"пÑогÑамами; ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ½Ñ ÑинковÑ
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+"по ÑÑÑÑ, забоÑонÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑам
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+"до ÑнÑиÑ
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+"повинен вибиÑаÑи мÑж дÑÑÐ¶Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ñ
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+"ÐÑиÑодно, багаÑо Ñ
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+"закон, "
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+"дÑмаÑи, Ñо пÑогÑамÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ — Ñе ÑÑлÑки
ÑпоÑÑб "
+"заÑобиÑи гÑоÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"By working on and using GNU rather than proprietary programs, we can be "
+"hospitable to everyone and obey the law. In addition, GNU serves as an "
+"example to inspire and a banner to rally others to join us in sharing. This "
+"can give us a feeling of harmony which is impossible if we use software that "
+"is not free. For about half the programmers I talk to, this is an important "
+"happiness that money cannot replace."
+msgstr ""
+"РозÑоблÑÑÑи Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÑоÑовÑÑÑи GNU замÑÑÑÑ "
+"невÑлÑниÑ
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+"до вÑÑÑ
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+"Ñ "
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+"неможливе, коли ми викоÑиÑÑовÑÑмо
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+"ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ðµ вÑлÑнÑ. ÐÑиблизно Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ вÑÑÑ
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+"пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв, ÑкиÑ
Ñ Ð¿Ð¸Ñав, Ñе важливий
Ñкладник ÑаÑÑÑ, "
+"Ñкий гÑоÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑниÑи не можÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "How You Can Contribute"
+msgstr "Чим ви можеÑе допомогÑи"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"(Nowadays, for software tasks to work on, see the <a "
+"href=\"http://fsf.org/campaigns/priority-projects\">High Priority Projects "
+"list</a> and the <a href=\"http://savannah.gnu.org/people/?type_id=1\">GNU "
+"Help Wanted list</a>, the general task list for GNU software packages. For "
+"other ways to help, see <a href=\"/help/help.html\">the guide to helping the "
+"GNU operating system</a>.)"
+msgstr ""
+"(СÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑобоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´
пÑогÑамами ÑозмÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð² <a "
+"href=\"http://fsf."
+"org/campaigns/priority-projects\">ÑпиÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑÑоÑиÑеÑниÑ
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+"href=\"http://savannah.gnu.org/people/?type_id=1\">ÑпиÑÐºÑ “GNU: "
+"ÐоÑÑÑбна "
+"допомога”</a>, загалÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑпиÑÐºÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑÑв GNU. ÐнÑÑ ÑпоÑоби "
+"допомогÑи "
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+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU</a>)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money. I'm "
+"asking individuals for donations of programs and work."
+msgstr ""
+"Я Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑобникÑв комп'ÑÑеÑÑв
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+"маÑини Ñ Ð³ÑоÑÑ. Я Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑиваÑниÑ
оÑÑб "
+"пÑиноÑиÑи в Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами Ñ Ð¿ÑаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run "
+"on them at an early date. The machines should be complete, ready to use "
+"systems, approved for use in a residential area, and not in need of "
+"sophisticated cooling or power."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðдин з наÑлÑдкÑв, ÑкиÑ
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+"вÑд пÑинеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð² Ð´Ð°Ñ ÐÐÐ Ñо GNU ÑкоÑо
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иÑÑомÑдÑиÑ
"
+"ÑиÑÑем оÑ
Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ живленнÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I have found very many programmers eager to contribute part-time work for "
+"GNU. For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard "
+"to coordinate; the independently written parts would not work together. But "
+"for the particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. A "
+"complete Unix system contains hundreds of utility programs, each of which is "
+"documented separately. Most interface specifications are fixed by Unix "
+"compatibility. If each contributor can write a compatible replacement for a "
+"single Unix utility, and make it work properly in place of the original on a "
+"Unix system, then these utilities will work right when put together. Even "
+"allowing for Murphy to create a few unexpected problems, assembling these "
+"components will be a feasible task. (The kernel will require closer "
+"communication and will be worked on by a small, tight group.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Я знайÑов дÑже багаÑо пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв, ÑкÑ
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+"Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¼Ñни Unix ÑÑÑÑ "
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+"ÑÑилÑÑ, кожна з ÑкиÑ
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+"ÑÑмÑÑнÑÑÑÑ Ð· Unix. ЯкÑо кожен ÑÑаÑник зможе "
+"напиÑаÑи ÑÑмÑÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐ½Ñ ÑвоÑÑ ÑÑилÑÑи Unix
Ñ "
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+"в ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Unix, ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ ÑÑ ÑÑилÑÑи запÑаÑÑÑÑÑ
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Ðад ним бÑде "
+"пÑаÑÑваÑи невелика згÑÑÑована гÑÑпа.)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part "
+"time. The salary won't be high by programmers' standards, but I'm looking "
+"for people for whom building community spirit is as important as making "
+"money. I view this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their "
+"full energies to working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in "
+"another way."
+msgstr ""
+"ЯкÑо Ñ Ð±ÑÐ´Ñ Ð¾ÑÑимÑваÑи гÑоÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑви,
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+"Ñ Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð½ÑÑи ÑÑоÑ
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+"Ñили ÑобоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ GNU, позбавивÑи ÑÑ
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+"заÑоблÑÑи на жиÑÑÑ ÑнÑим ÑпоÑобом."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Why All Computer Users Will Benefit"
+msgstr "Чим Ñе бÑде коÑиÑно вÑÑм коÑиÑÑÑваÑам
комп'ÑÑеÑÑв"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Once GNU is written, everyone will be able to obtain good system software "
+"free, just like air.<a href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"Як ÑÑлÑки GNU бÑде напиÑана, кожен зможе
оÑÑимаÑи гаÑне ÑиÑÑемне пÑогÑамне "
+"забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñак Ñамо вÑлÑно, Ñк повÑÑÑÑ.<a
href=\"#f2\">(3)</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"This means much more than just saving everyone the price of a Unix license. "
+"It means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be "
+"avoided. This effort can go instead into advancing the state of the art."
+msgstr ""
+"Це знаÑиÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñо бÑлÑÑе, нÑж пÑоÑÑо
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Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑаÑÑ
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Complete system sources will be available to everyone. As a result, a user "
+"who needs changes in the system will always be free to make them himself, or "
+"hire any available programmer or company to make them for him. Users will "
+"no longer be at the mercy of one programmer or company which owns the "
+"sources and is in sole position to make changes."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÐ¾Ð²Ð½Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñ
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Ñ"
+"пÑеÑогаÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑиÑи змÑни."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Schools will be able to provide a much more educational environment by "
+"encouraging all students to study and improve the system code. Harvard's "
+"computer lab used to have the policy that no program could be installed on "
+"the system if its sources were not on public display, and upheld it by "
+"actually refusing to install certain programs. I was very much inspired by "
+"this."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐавÑалÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð¸ зможÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñи
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+"вÑдмовлÑÑиÑÑ Ð²Ñд вÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÐµÐ²Ð½Ð¸Ñ
пÑогÑам. Я бÑв в знаÑнÑй мÑÑÑ "
+"наÑÑ
ненний Ñим."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Finally, the overhead of considering who owns the system software and what "
+"one is or is not entitled to do with it will be lifted."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐаÑеÑÑÑ, ÑкладноÑÑÑ ÑозглÑдÑв з пÑиводÑ
Ñого, Ñ
Ñо володÑÑ ÑиÑÑемними "
+"пÑогÑамами Ñ Ñо Ð¹Ð¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"дозволено, а Ñо не дозволено ÑобиÑи з ними,
бÑдÑÑÑ Ð·Ð½ÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Arrangements to make people pay for using a program, including licensing of "
+"copies, always incur a tremendous cost to society through the cumbersome "
+"mechanisms necessary to figure out how much (that is, which programs) a "
+"person must pay for. And only a police state can force everyone to obey "
+"them. Consider a space station where air must be manufactured at great "
+"cost: charging each breather per liter of air may be fair, but wearing the "
+"metered gas mask all day and all night is intolerable even if everyone can "
+"afford to pay the air bill. And the TV cameras everywhere to see if you "
+"ever take the mask off are outrageous. It's better to support the air plant "
+"with a head tax and chuck the masks."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐаÑоби змÑÑиÑи лÑдей плаÑиÑи за "
+"коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамоÑ, вклÑÑаÑÑи
лÑÑензÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ "
+"копÑй, завжди обÑ
одÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑÐ²Ñ Ð´Ñже
доÑого ÑеÑез гÑомÑÐ·Ð´ÐºÑ Ð¼ÐµÑ
анÑзми, "
+"необÑ
ÑдниÑ
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·'ÑÑÑваннÑ, ÑкÑлÑки (ÑобÑо,
за ÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами) Ñ
Ñо повинен "
+"плаÑиÑи. Ð ÑÑлÑки полÑÑейÑÑка деÑжава
може пÑимÑÑиÑи "
+"кожного пÑдкоÑÑÑиÑÑ Ñм. УÑвÑÑÑ ÑобÑ
коÑмÑÑÐ½Ñ "
+"ÑÑанÑÑÑ, де повÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÑоблÑÑи "
+"виÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑÑноÑ. Ðожливо, ÑÑÑгÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñи
за кожний "
+"лÑÑÑ Ð·Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑ
, Ñ
Ñо диÑ
аÑ, ÑпÑаведливе, однак
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+"ноÑиÑи пÑоÑигаз з лÑÑилÑником веÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñ
вÑÑ Ð½ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑÑеÑпно, навÑÑÑ ÑкÑо "
+"кожен може оплаÑиÑи ÑаÑ
Ñнок "
+"за повÑÑÑÑ. Ð ÑелекамеÑи вÑÑди, Ñоб "
+"пÑоÑÑежиÑи за Ñим, Ñи не знÑмаÑÑе ви
пÑоÑигаз, обÑÑливÑ. ÐÑаÑе "
+"ÑÑÑимÑваÑи повÑÑÑÑний завод "
+"поголовним подаÑком Ñ ÑкинÑÑи пÑоÑигази."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Copying all or parts of a program is as natural to a programmer as "
+"breathing, and as productive. It ought to be as free."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐопÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑ
ÑаÑÑин пÑогÑами Ñак "
+"Ñамо пÑиÑодно Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑа, Ñк "
+"диÑ
аннÑ, Ñ Ñак Ñамо пÑодÑкÑивно. Ðоно
повинно бÑÑи Ñеж вÑлÑним."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Some Easily Rebutted Objections to GNU's Goals"
+msgstr "ÐеÑÐºÑ Ð»ÐµÐ³ÐºÐ¾ ÑпÑоÑÑовÑванÑ
запеÑеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑи ÑÑлей GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“Nobody will use it if it is free, because that means they "
+"can't rely on any support.”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“You have to charge for the program to pay for providing the "
+"support.”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If people would rather pay for GNU plus service than get GNU free without "
+"service, a company to provide just service to people who have obtained GNU "
+"free ought to be profitable.<a href=\"#f3\">(4)</a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We must distinguish between support in the form of real programming work and "
+"mere handholding. The former is something one cannot rely on from a "
+"software vendor. If your problem is not shared by enough people, the vendor "
+"will tell you to get lost."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If your business needs to be able to rely on support, the only way is to "
+"have all the necessary sources and tools. Then you can hire any available "
+"person to fix your problem; you are not at the mercy of any individual. "
+"With Unix, the price of sources puts this out of consideration for most "
+"businesses. With GNU this will be easy. It is still possible for there to "
+"be no available competent person, but this problem cannot be blamed on "
+"distribution arrangements. GNU does not eliminate all the world's problems, "
+"only some of them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Meanwhile, the users who know nothing about computers need handholding: "
+"doing things for them which they could easily do themselves but don't know "
+"how."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Such services could be provided by companies that sell just handholding and "
+"repair service. If it is true that users would rather spend money and get a "
+"product with service, they will also be willing to buy the service having "
+"got the product free. The service companies will compete in quality and "
+"price; users will not be tied to any particular one. Meanwhile, those of us "
+"who don't need the service should be able to use the program without paying "
+"for the service."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“You cannot reach many people without advertising, and you "
+"must charge for the program to support that.”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“It's no use advertising a program people can get "
+"free.”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There are various forms of free or very cheap publicity that can be used to "
+"inform numbers of computer users about something like GNU. But it may be "
+"true that one can reach more microcomputer users with advertising. If this "
+"is really so, a business which advertises the service of copying and mailing "
+"GNU for a fee ought to be successful enough to pay for its advertising and "
+"more. This way, only the users who benefit from the advertising pay for it."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"On the other hand, if many people get GNU from their friends, and such "
+"companies don't succeed, this will show that advertising was not really "
+"necessary to spread GNU. Why is it that free market advocates don't want to "
+"let the free market decide this?<a href=\"#f4\">(5)</a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“My company needs a proprietary operating system to get a "
+"competitive edge.”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"GNU will remove operating system software from the realm of competition. "
+"You will not be able to get an edge in this area, but neither will your "
+"competitors be able to get an edge over you. You and they will compete in "
+"other areas, while benefiting mutually in this one. If your business is "
+"selling an operating system, you will not like GNU, but that's tough on "
+"you. If your business is something else, GNU can save you from being pushed "
+"into the expensive business of selling operating systems."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I would like to see GNU development supported by gifts from many "
+"manufacturers and users, reducing the cost to each.<a href=\"#f5\">(6)</a>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“Don't programmers deserve a reward for their "
+"creativity?”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If anything deserves a reward, it is social contribution. Creativity can be "
+"a social contribution, but only in so far as society is free to use the "
+"results. If programmers deserve to be rewarded for creating innovative "
+"programs, by the same token they deserve to be punished if they restrict the "
+"use of these programs."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“Shouldn't a programmer be able to ask for a reward for his "
+"creativity?”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There is nothing wrong with wanting pay for work, or seeking to maximize "
+"one's income, as long as one does not use means that are destructive. But "
+"the means customary in the field of software today are based on destruction."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Extracting money from users of a program by restricting their use of it is "
+"destructive because the restrictions reduce the amount and the ways that the "
+"program can be used. This reduces the amount of wealth that humanity "
+"derives from the program. When there is a deliberate choice to restrict, "
+"the harmful consequences are deliberate destruction."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The reason a good citizen does not use such destructive means to become "
+"wealthier is that, if everyone did so, we would all become poorer from the "
+"mutual destructiveness. This is Kantian ethics; or, the Golden Rule. Since "
+"I do not like the consequences that result if everyone hoards information, I "
+"am required to consider it wrong for one to do so. Specifically, the desire "
+"to be rewarded for one's creativity does not justify depriving the world in "
+"general of all or part of that creativity."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "<strong>“Won't programmers starve?”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I could answer that nobody is forced to be a programmer. Most of us cannot "
+"manage to get any money for standing on the street and making faces. But we "
+"are not, as a result, condemned to spend our lives standing on the street "
+"making faces, and starving. We do something else."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But that is the wrong answer because it accepts the questioner's implicit "
+"assumption: that without ownership of software, programmers cannot possibly "
+"be paid a cent. Supposedly it is all or nothing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The real reason programmers will not starve is that it will still be "
+"possible for them to get paid for programming; just not paid as much as now."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Restricting copying is not the only basis for business in software. It is "
+"the most common basis<a href=\"#f8\">(7)</a> because it brings in the most "
+"money. If it were prohibited, or rejected by the customer, software "
+"business would move to other bases of organization which are now used less "
+"often. There are always numerous ways to organize any kind of business."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Probably programming will not be as lucrative on the new basis as it is "
+"now. But that is not an argument against the change. It is not considered "
+"an injustice that sales clerks make the salaries that they now do. If "
+"programmers made the same, that would not be an injustice either. (In "
+"practice they would still make considerably more than that.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“Don't people have a right to control how their creativity is "
+"used?”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"“Control over the use of one's ideas” really constitutes control "
+"over other people's lives; and it is usually used to make their lives more "
+"difficult."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"People who have studied the issue of intellectual property rights<a "
+"href=\"#f6\">(8)</a> carefully (such as lawyers) say that there is no "
+"intrinsic right to intellectual property. The kinds of supposed "
+"intellectual property rights that the government recognizes were created by "
+"specific acts of legislation for specific purposes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For example, the patent system was established to encourage inventors to "
+"disclose the details of their inventions. Its purpose was to help society "
+"rather than to help inventors. At the time, the life span of 17 years for a "
+"patent was short compared with the rate of advance of the state of the art. "
+"Since patents are an issue only among manufacturers, for whom the cost and "
+"effort of a license agreement are small compared with setting up production, "
+"the patents often do not do much harm. They do not obstruct most "
+"individuals who use patented products."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The idea of copyright did not exist in ancient times, when authors "
+"frequently copied other authors at length in works of nonfiction. This "
+"practice was useful, and is the only way many authors' works have survived "
+"even in part. The copyright system was created expressly for the purpose of "
+"encouraging authorship. In the domain for which it was "
+"invented—books, which could be copied economically only on a printing "
+"press—it did little harm, and did not obstruct most of the individuals "
+"who read the books."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"All intellectual property rights are just licenses granted by society "
+"because it was thought, rightly or wrongly, that society as a whole would "
+"benefit by granting them. But in any particular situation, we have to ask: "
+"are we really better off granting such license? What kind of act are we "
+"licensing a person to do?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The case of programs today is very different from that of books a hundred "
+"years ago. The fact that the easiest way to copy a program is from one "
+"neighbor to another, the fact that a program has both source code and object "
+"code which are distinct, and the fact that a program is used rather than "
+"read and enjoyed, combine to create a situation in which a person who "
+"enforces a copyright is harming society as a whole both materially and "
+"spiritually; in which a person should not do so regardless of whether the "
+"law enables him to."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“Competition makes things get done better.”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The paradigm of competition is a race: by rewarding the winner, we encourage "
+"everyone to run faster. When capitalism really works this way, it does a "
+"good job; but its defenders are wrong in assuming it always works this way. "
+"If the runners forget why the reward is offered and become intent on "
+"winning, no matter how, they may find other strategies—such as, "
+"attacking other runners. If the runners get into a fist fight, they will "
+"all finish late."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Proprietary and secret software is the moral equivalent of runners in a fist "
+"fight. Sad to say, the only referee we've got does not seem to object to "
+"fights; he just regulates them (“For every ten yards you run, you can "
+"fire one shot”). He really ought to break them up, and penalize "
+"runners for even trying to fight."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“Won't everyone stop programming without a monetary "
+"incentive?”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Actually, many people will program with absolutely no monetary incentive. "
+"Programming has an irresistible fascination for some people, usually the "
+"people who are best at it. There is no shortage of professional musicians "
+"who keep at it even though they have no hope of making a living that way."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But really this question, though commonly asked, is not appropriate to the "
+"situation. Pay for programmers will not disappear, only become less. So "
+"the right question is, will anyone program with a reduced monetary "
+"incentive? My experience shows that they will."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For more than ten years, many of the world's best programmers worked at the "
+"Artificial Intelligence Lab for far less money than they could have had "
+"anywhere else. They got many kinds of nonmonetary rewards: fame and "
+"appreciation, for example. And creativity is also fun, a reward in itself."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Then most of them left when offered a chance to do the same interesting work "
+"for a lot of money."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"What the facts show is that people will program for reasons other than "
+"riches; but if given a chance to make a lot of money as well, they will come "
+"to expect and demand it. Low-paying organizations do poorly in competition "
+"with high-paying ones, but they do not have to do badly if the high-paying "
+"ones are banned."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“We need the programmers desperately. If they demand that we "
+"stop helping our neighbors, we have to obey.”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"You're never so desperate that you have to obey this sort of demand. "
+"Remember: millions for defense, but not a cent for tribute!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>“Programmers need to make a living somehow.”</strong>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In the short run, this is true. However, there are plenty of ways that "
+"programmers could make a living without selling the right to use a program. "
+"This way is customary now because it brings programmers and businessmen the "
+"most money, not because it is the only way to make a living. It is easy to "
+"find other ways if you want to find them. Here are a number of examples."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A manufacturer introducing a new computer will pay for the porting of "
+"operating systems onto the new hardware."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The sale of teaching, handholding and maintenance services could also employ "
+"programmers."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"People with new ideas could distribute programs as freeware<a "
+"href=\"#f7\">(9)</a>, asking for donations from satisfied users, or selling "
+"handholding services. I have met people who are already working this way "
+"successfully."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Users with related needs can form users' groups, and pay dues. A group "
+"would contract with programming companies to write programs that the group's "
+"members would like to use."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "All sorts of development can be funded with a Software Tax:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Suppose everyone who buys a computer has to pay x percent of the price as a "
+"software tax. The government gives this to an agency like the NSF to spend "
+"on software development."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But if the computer buyer makes a donation to software development himself, "
+"he can take a credit against the tax. He can donate to the project of his "
+"own choosing—often, chosen because he hopes to use the results when it "
+"is done. He can take a credit for any amount of donation up to the total "
+"tax he had to pay."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The total tax rate could be decided by a vote of the payers of the tax, "
+"weighted according to the amount they will be taxed on."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "The consequences:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "The computer-using community supports software development."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "This community decides what level of support is needed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"Users who care which projects their share is spent on can choose this for "
+"themselves."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In the long run, making programs free is a step toward the postscarcity "
+"world, where nobody will have to work very hard just to make a living. "
+"People will be free to devote themselves to activities that are fun, such as "
+"programming, after spending the necessary ten hours a week on required tasks "
+"such as legislation, family counseling, robot repair and asteroid "
+"prospecting. There will be no need to be able to make a living from "
+"programming."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We have already greatly reduced the amount of work that the whole society "
+"must do for its actual productivity, but only a little of this has "
+"translated itself into leisure for workers because much nonproductive "
+"activity is required to accompany productive activity. The main causes of "
+"this are bureaucracy and isometric struggles against competition. Free "
+"software will greatly reduce these drains in the area of software "
+"production. We must do this, in order for technical gains in productivity "
+"to translate into less work for us."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Footnotes"
+msgstr "ÐиноÑки"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"The wording here was careless. The intention was that nobody would have to "
+"pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system. But the words don't make "
+"this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU "
+"should always be distributed at little or no charge. That was never the "
+"intent; later on, the manifesto mentions the possibility of companies "
+"providing the service of distribution for a profit. Subsequently I have "
+"learned to distinguish carefully between “free” in the sense of "
+"freedom and “free” in the sense of price. Free software is "
+"software that users have the freedom to distribute and change. Some users "
+"may obtain copies at no charge, while others pay to obtain copies—and "
+"if the funds help support improving the software, so much the better. The "
+"important thing is that everyone who has a copy has the freedom to cooperate "
+"with others in using it."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"The expression “give away” is another indication that I had not "
+"yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom. We now "
+"recommend avoiding this expression when talking about free software. See "
+"“<a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware\">Confusing Words "
+"and Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"This is another place I failed to distinguish carefully between the two "
+"different meanings of “free”. The statement as it stands is not "
+"false—you can get copies of GNU software at no charge, from your "
+"friends or over the net. But it does suggest the wrong idea."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid "Several such companies now exist."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Although it is a charity rather than a company, the Free Software Foundation "
+"for 10 years raised most of its funds from its distribution service. You "
+"can <a href=\"/order/order.html\">order things from the FSF</a> to support "
+"its work."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"A group of computer companies pooled funds around 1991 to support "
+"maintenance of the GNU C Compiler."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"I think I was mistaken in saying that proprietary software was the most "
+"common basis for making money in software. It seems that actually the most "
+"common business model was and is development of custom software. That does "
+"not offer the possibility of collecting rents, so the business has to keep "
+"doing real work in order to keep getting income. The custom software "
+"business would continue to exist, more or less unchanged, in a free software "
+"world. Therefore, I no longer expect that most paid programmers would earn "
+"less in a free software world."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"In the 1980s I had not yet realized how confusing it was to speak of "
+"“the issue” of “intellectual property”. That term "
+"is obviously biased; more subtle is the fact that it lumps together various "
+"disparate laws which raise very different issues. Nowadays I urge people to "
+"reject the term “intellectual property” entirely, lest it lead "
+"others to suppose that those laws form one coherent issue. The way to be "
+"clear is to discuss patents, copyrights, and trademarks separately. See <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">further explanation</a> of how this term "
+"spreads confusion and bias."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ol><li>
+msgid ""
+"Subsequently we learned to distinguish between “free software” "
+"and “freeware”. The term “freeware” means software "
+"you are free to redistribute, but usually you are not free to study and "
+"change the source code, so most of it is not free software. See “<a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Freeware\">Confusing Words and "
+"Phrases</a>” for more explanation."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr " "
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a "
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and "
+"other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, надÑилайÑе загалÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñи
ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ñа GNU за адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a "
+"href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. ÐаÑÐ²Ð½Ñ Ñакож <a
href=\"/contact/"
+"\">ÑнÑÑ ÑпоÑоби зв'ÑзкÑ</a> з Ñондом. ÐвÑÑи
пÑо непÑаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñ "
+"ÑнÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñи пÑопозиÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð°
надÑилаÑи за адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#. replace it with the translation of these two:
+#
+#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#. to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+#
+#. <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+#
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. our web pages, see <a
+#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#. README</a>.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад ÑоÑним
Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
+"можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¸ ми не можемо.
ÐадÑилайÑе, бÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ "
+"пÑопозиÑÑÑ Ñодо пеÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden"
+"\"><address@hidden></a>. </p><p>ÐÑдомоÑÑÑ Ð·
кооÑдинаÑÑÑ Ñа "
+"пÑопозиÑÑй пеÑекладÑв наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей див. Ñ
<a href=\"/server/standards/README."
+"translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð·
пеÑекладє</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
+"Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 1985, 1993, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015 "
+"Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ,
Inc."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies of "
+"this document, in any medium, provided that the copyright notice and "
+"permission notice are preserved, and that the distributor grants the "
+"recipient permission for further redistribution as permitted by this notice."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Modified versions may not be made."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑдÑÑимка ÑкÑаÑнÑÑкого пеÑекладÑ: ÐндÑÑй
ÐандÑÑа (address@hidden)"
+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "Ðновлено:"
+
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