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www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html
|
From: |
Pavel Kharitonov |
|
Subject: |
www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html |
|
Date: |
Sat, 06 Jun 2015 09:53:38 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Pavel Kharitonov <ineiev> 15/06/06 09:53:38
Modified files:
philosophy : words-to-avoid.html
Log message:
Add Terminal; fix heading hierarchy.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.205&r2=1.206
Patches:
Index: words-to-avoid.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html,v
retrieving revision 1.205
retrieving revision 1.206
diff -u -b -r1.205 -r1.206
--- words-to-avoid.html 28 May 2015 16:55:13 -0000 1.205
+++ words-to-avoid.html 6 Jun 2015 09:53:37 -0000 1.206
@@ -105,7 +105,13 @@
href="#SoftwareIndustry">Software Industry</a>”
|<span class="gnun-split"></span> “<a
href="#SourceModel">Source model</a>”
-|<span class="gnun-split"></span> “<a
+|<span class="gnun-split"></span><!--#if expr="$LANGUAGE_SUFFIX =
/^.()$/" -->
+<!-- TRANSLATORS: translate if this word is used often in your
+ language to refer to mobile computers; otherwise,
+ fill the translation with a space. -->
+“<a
+ href="#Terminal">Terminal</a>”
+|<span class="gnun-split"></span><!--#endif --> “<a
href="#Theft">Theft</a>”
|<span class="gnun-split"></span> “<a
href="#TrustedComputing">Trusted Computing</a>”
@@ -113,7 +119,7 @@
href="#Vendor">Vendor</a>”
</p>
-<h4 id="Alternative">“Alternative”</h4>
+<h3 id="Alternative">“Alternative”</h3>
<p>
We don't describe free software as an “alternative” to
proprietary, because that word presumes all the “alternatives” are
@@ -132,7 +138,7 @@
software.
</p>
-<h4 id="BSD-style">“BSD-style”</h4>
+<h3 id="BSD-style">“BSD-style”</h3>
<p>
The expression “BSD-style license” leads to confusion because it
<a href="/philosophy/bsd.html">lumps together licenses that have
@@ -146,7 +152,7 @@
question</a> and avoid the vague term “BSD-style.”</p>
-<h4 id="Closed">“Closed”</h4>
+<h3 id="Closed">“Closed”</h3>
<p>
Describing nonfree software as “closed” clearly refers to
the term “open source.” In the free software movement,
@@ -159,7 +165,7 @@
“proprietary”</a>.</p>
-<h4 id="CloudComputing">“Cloud Computing”</h4>
+<h3 id="CloudComputing">“Cloud Computing”</h3>
<p>
The term “cloud computing” (or
just <a name="Cloud">“cloud”</a>, in the context of
@@ -230,7 +236,7 @@
developer, he isn't motivated by the same ideals as we are.
</p>
-<h4 id="Commercial">“Commercial”</h4>
+<h3 id="Commercial">“Commercial”</h3>
<p>
Please don't use “commercial” as a synonym for
“nonfree.” That confuses two entirely different
@@ -257,7 +263,7 @@
to use the word “commercial” in that way.</p>
-<h4 id="Compensation">“Compensation”</h4>
+<h3 id="Compensation">“Compensation”</h3>
<p>
To speak of “compensation for authors” in connection with
copyright carries the assumptions that (1) copyright exists for the
@@ -274,7 +280,7 @@
same publishing companies that are pushing unjust laws on us.
</p>
-<h4 id="Consume">“Consume”</h4>
+<h3 id="Consume">“Consume”</h3>
<p>
“Consume” refers to what we do with food: we ingest it, and use it
in
a way that uses it up. By analogy, we employ the same word to describe
@@ -291,7 +297,7 @@
<p>See also the following entry.</p>
-<h4 id="Consumer">“Consumer”</h4>
+<h3 id="Consumer">“Consumer”</h3>
<p>
The term “consumer,” when used to refer to the users of
computing, is loaded with assumptions we should reject. Playing a
@@ -330,7 +336,7 @@
noted before</a>.
</p>
-<h4 id="Content">“Content”</h4>
+<h3 id="Content">“Content”</h3>
<p>
If you want to describe a feeling of comfort and satisfaction, by all
means say you are “content,” but using the word as a
@@ -369,7 +375,7 @@
system” (WRS).</p>
-<h4 id="CreativeCommonsLicensed">“Creative Commons licensed”</h4>
+<h3 id="CreativeCommonsLicensed">“Creative Commons licensed”</h3>
<p>
The most important licensing characteristic of a work is whether it is
free. Creative Commons publishes seven licenses; three are free
@@ -388,7 +394,7 @@
statement.
</p>
-<h4 id="Creator">“Creator”</h4>
+<h3 id="Creator">“Creator”</h3>
<p>
The term “creator” as applied to authors implicitly
compares them to a deity (“the creator”). The term is
@@ -401,7 +407,7 @@
author.</p>
-<h4 id="DigitalGoods">“Digital Goods”</h4>
+<h3 id="DigitalGoods">“Digital Goods”</h3>
<p>
The term “digital goods,” as applied to copies of works of
authorship, identifies them with physical goods—which cannot be
@@ -412,7 +418,7 @@
shallow and limited values don't include freedom and community.</p>
-<h4 id="DigitalLocks">“Digital Locks”</h4>
+<h3 id="DigitalLocks">“Digital Locks”</h3>
<p>
“Digital locks” is used to refer to Digital Restrictions
Management by some who criticize it. The problem with this term is
@@ -440,7 +446,7 @@
replace the term with “digital handcuffs” and say why.</p>
-<h4 id="DigitalRightsManagement">“Digital Rights Management”</h4>
+<h3 id="DigitalRightsManagement">“Digital Rights Management”</h3>
<p>
“Digital Rights Management” (abbreviated
“DRM”) refers to technical mechanisms designed to impose
@@ -456,7 +462,7 @@
Please sign up to support our <a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org/";>
campaign to abolish DRM</a>.</p>
-<h4 id="Ecosystem">“Ecosystem”</h4>
+<h3 id="Ecosystem">“Ecosystem”</h3>
<p>
It is inadvisable to describe the free software community, or any human
community, as an “ecosystem,” because that word implies
@@ -482,7 +488,7 @@
freedom.
</p>
-<h4 id="FLOSS">“FLOSS”</h4>
+<h3 id="FLOSS">“FLOSS”</h3>
<p>
The term “FLOSS,” meaning “Free/Libre and Open
Source Software,” was coined as a way
@@ -491,7 +497,7 @@
“FLOSS” is the best way to be neutral. But if you want to
show you stand for freedom, don't use a neutral term.</p>
-<h4 id="ForFree">“For free”</h4>
+<h3 id="ForFree">“For free”</h3>
<p>
If you want to say that a program is free software, please don't say
that it is available “for free.” That term specifically
@@ -507,7 +513,7 @@
To avoid confusion, you can say that the program is available
“as free software.”</p>
-<h4 id="FOSS">“FOSS”</h4>
+<h3 id="FOSS">“FOSS”</h3>
<p>
The term “FOSS,” meaning “Free and Open Source
Software,” was coined as a way
@@ -516,7 +522,7 @@
neutrality is your goal, “FLOSS” is better. But if you
want to show you stand for freedom, don't use a neutral term.</p>
-<h4 id="FreelyAvailable">“Freely available”</h4>
+<h3 id="FreelyAvailable">“Freely available”</h3>
<p>
Don't use “freely available software” as a synonym for “free
software.” The terms are not equivalent. Software is “freely
@@ -526,7 +532,7 @@
</p>
-<h4 id="Freeware">“Freeware”</h4>
+<h3 id="Freeware">“Freeware”</h3>
<p>
Please don't use the term “freeware” as a synonym for
“free software.” The term “freeware” was used
@@ -550,7 +556,7 @@
</p>
-<h4 id="GiveAwaySoftware">“Give away software”</h4>
+<h3 id="GiveAwaySoftware">“Give away software”</h3>
<p>
It's misleading to use the term “give away” to mean
“distribute a program as free software.”
@@ -560,7 +566,7 @@
free software.”</p>
-<h4 id="Google">“Google”</h4>
+<h3 id="Google">“Google”</h3>
<p>
Please avoid using the term “google” as a verb, meaning to
search for something on the internet. “Google” is just the
@@ -571,7 +577,7 @@
its users, although we cannot confirm.</p>
-<h4 id="Hacker">“Hacker”</h4>
+<h3 id="Hacker">“Hacker”</h3>
<p>
A hacker is someone
who <a href="http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html";> enjoys
@@ -587,7 +593,7 @@
People who break security are “crackers.”</p>
-<h4 id="IntellectualProperty">“Intellectual property”</h4>
+<h3 id="IntellectualProperty">“Intellectual property”</h3>
<p>
Publishers and lawyers like to describe copyright as
“intellectual property”—a term also applied to
@@ -617,7 +623,7 @@
Organization embarrassed</a>.</p>
-<h4 id="LAMP">“LAMP system”</h4>
+<h3 id="LAMP">“LAMP system”</h3>
<p>
“LAMP” stands for “Linux, Apache, MySQL and
PHP”—a common combination of software to use on a web
@@ -628,7 +634,7 @@
</p>
-<h4 id="Linux">“Linux system”</h4>
+<h3 id="Linux">“Linux system”</h3>
<p>
Linux is the name of the kernel that Linus Torvalds developed starting
in 1991. The operating system in which Linux is used is basically GNU
@@ -640,7 +646,7 @@
</p>
-<h4 id="Market">“Market”</h4>
+<h3 id="Market">“Market”</h3>
<p>
It is misleading to describe the users of free software, or the
software users in general, as a “market.”</p>
@@ -659,7 +665,7 @@
and legitimize proprietary software.</p>
-<h4 id="Monetize">“Monetize”</h4>
+<h3 id="Monetize">“Monetize”</h3>
<p>
The proper definition of “monetize” is “to use
something as currency.” For instance, human societies have
@@ -679,7 +685,7 @@
ethical.</p>
-<h4 id="MP3Player">“MP3 Player”</h4>
+<h3 id="MP3Player">“MP3 Player”</h3>
<p>
In the late 1990s it became feasible to make portable, solid-state
digital audio players. Most support the patented MP3 codec, but not
@@ -691,7 +697,7 @@
or simply “audio player” if context permits.</p>
-<h4 id="Open">“Open”</h4>
+<h3 id="Open">“Open”</h3>
<p>
Please avoid using the term “open” or “open
source” as a substitute for “free software.” Those terms
@@ -703,7 +709,7 @@
appropriate; but please do not use it to label us or our work—that
leads people to think we share those views.</p>
-<h4 id="PC">“PC”</h4>
+<h3 id="PC">“PC”</h3>
<p>
It's OK to use the abbreviation “PC” to refer to a certain
kind of computer hardware, but please don't use it with the
@@ -714,7 +720,7 @@
The term “WC” has been suggested for a computer running
Windows.</p>
-<h4 id="Photoshop">“Photoshop”</h4>
+<h3 id="Photoshop">“Photoshop”</h3>
<p>
Please avoid using the term “photoshop” as a verb, meaning
any kind of photo manipulation or image editing in general. Photoshop
@@ -722,7 +728,7 @@
be avoided since it is proprietary. There are plenty of free programs
for editing images, such as the <a href="/software/gimp">GIMP</a>.</p>
-<h4 id="Piracy">“Piracy”</h4>
+<h3 id="Piracy">“Piracy”</h3>
<p>
Publishers often refer to copying they don't approve of as
“piracy.” In this way, they imply that it is ethically
@@ -747,7 +753,7 @@
<a
href="http://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>“piracy”
and “theft” are smear-words.</a></p>
-<h4 id="PowerPoint">“PowerPoint”</h4>
+<h3 id="PowerPoint">“PowerPoint”</h3>
<p>
Please avoid using the term “PowerPoint” to mean any kind
of slide presentation. “PowerPoint” is just the name of
@@ -757,7 +763,7 @@
class and LibreOffice.org's Impress.</p>
-<h4 id="Protection">“Protection”</h4>
+<h3 id="Protection">“Protection”</h3>
<p>
Publishers' lawyers love to use the term “protection” to
describe copyright. This word carries the implication of preventing
@@ -788,7 +794,7 @@
<a href="http://DefectiveByDesign.org";> Defective by Design</a>
campaign.</p>
-<h4 id="RAND">“RAND (Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory)”</h4>
+<h3 id="RAND">“RAND (Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory)”</h3>
<p>
Standards bodies that promulgate patent-restricted standards that
prohibit free software typically have a policy of obtaining patent
@@ -816,7 +822,7 @@
the only condition in these licenses is a uniform royalty fee.</p>
-<h4 id="SaaS">“SaaS” or “Software as a Service”</h4>
+<h3 id="SaaS">“SaaS” or “Software as a Service”</h3>
<p>
We used to say that SaaS (short for “Software as a
Service”) is an injustice, but then we found that there was a
@@ -835,7 +841,7 @@
to give up.</p>
-<h4 id="SellSoftware">“Sell software”</h4>
+<h3 id="SellSoftware">“Sell software”</h3>
<p>
The term “sell software” is ambiguous. Strictly speaking,
exchanging a copy of a free program for a sum of money
@@ -851,7 +857,7 @@
further discussion of this issue.</p>
-<h4 id="SharingEconomy">“Sharing economy”</h4>
+<h3 id="SharingEconomy">“Sharing economy”</h3>
<p>
The term “sharing economy” is not a good way to refer to
services such as Uber and Airbnb that arrange business transactions
@@ -865,7 +871,7 @@
“piecework service economy.”</p>
-<h4 id="Skype">“Skype”</h4>
+<h3 id="Skype">“Skype”</h3>
<p>
Please avoid using the term “Skype” as a verb, meaning any
kind of video communication or telephony over the Internet in general.
@@ -878,7 +884,7 @@
numerous free Skype replacements</a>.</p>
-<h4 id="SoftwareIndustry">“Software Industry”</h4>
+<h3 id="SoftwareIndustry">“Software Industry”</h3>
<p>
The term “software industry” encourages people to imagine
that software is always developed by a sort of factory and then
@@ -896,7 +902,7 @@
define “industry” as “automated production of
material goods.”</a></p>
-<h4 id="SourceModel">“Source model”</h4>
+<h3 id="SourceModel">“Source model”</h3>
<p>
Wikipedia uses the term “source model” in a confused and
ambiguous way. Ostensibly it refers to how a program's source is
@@ -909,7 +915,20 @@
opportunity to say “open source” in pages describing free
software programs.</p>
-<h4 id="Theft">“Theft”</h4>
+<!--#if expr="$LANGUAGE_SUFFIX = /^.()$/" -->
+<!-- TRANSLATORS: translate if this word is used often in your
+ language to refer to mobile computers; otherwise,
+ fill the translation with a space. -->
+
+<h3 id="Terminal">“Terminal”</h3>
+
+<p>Mobile phones and tablets are computers, and people should be
+able to do their computing on them using free software.
+To call them “terminals” supposes that all they are good for
+is to connect to servers, which is a bad way to do your own computing.</p>
+<!--#endif -->
+
+<h3 id="Theft">“Theft”</h3>
<p>
The supporters of a too-strict, repressive form of copyright often use
words like “stolen” and “theft” to refer to
@@ -939,7 +958,7 @@
<a
href="http://torrentfreak.com/mpaa-banned-from-using-piracy-and-theft-terms-in-hotfile-trial-131129/";>“piracy”
and “theft” are smear-words.</a></p>
-<h4 id="TrustedComputing">“Trusted Computing”</h4>
+<h3 id="TrustedComputing">“Trusted Computing”</h3>
<p>
<a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html">“Trusted computing”</a> is
the proponents' name for a scheme to redesign computers so that
@@ -949,7 +968,7 @@
</p>
-<h4 id="Vendor">“Vendor”</h4>
+<h3 id="Vendor">“Vendor”</h3>
<p>
Please don't use the term “vendor” to refer generally to
anyone that develops or packages software. Many programs
@@ -1032,7 +1051,7 @@
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2015/05/28 16:55:13 $
+$Date: 2015/06/06 09:53:37 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
- www/philosophy words-to-avoid.html,
Pavel Kharitonov <=