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www/server/staging/nav-bar/test9 edu-schools2.h...


From: Therese Godefroy
Subject: www/server/staging/nav-bar/test9 edu-schools2.h...
Date: Sat, 01 Mar 2014 09:36:27 +0000

CVSROOT:        /webcvs/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     Therese Godefroy <th_g> 14/03/01 09:36:26

Removed files:
        server/staging/nav-bar/test9: edu-schools2.html 
                                      edu-schools3.html 
                                      edu-schools2.fr.html 
                                      edu-schools3.fr.html 

Log message:
        Remove obsolete files.

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/server/staging/nav-bar/test9/edu-schools2.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/server/staging/nav-bar/test9/edu-schools3.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/server/staging/nav-bar/test9/edu-schools2.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.7&r2=0
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/server/staging/nav-bar/test9/edu-schools3.fr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.6&r2=0

Patches:
Index: edu-schools2.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-schools2.html
diff -N edu-schools2.html
--- edu-schools2.html   10 Feb 2014 10:42:24 -0000      1.4
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,315 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
-    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
-
-<head>
-
-<!-- start of server/head-include-1.html -->
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-<link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
-<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/graphics/gnu-head-mini.png" />
-<meta name="ICBM" content="42.355469,-71.058627" />
-<meta name="DC.title" content="gnu.org" />
-<!-- end of server/head-include-1.html -->
-
-<!-- end of server/header.html -->
-
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/education/edu-schools.en.html" -->
-<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
-
-<title>Why Schools Should Exclusively Use Free Software - GNU Project - 
-Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!-- start of banner.html -->
-
-<!-- start of head-include-2.html -->
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/combo.css" media="screen" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="layout2.css" media="screen" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/mini.css" media="handheld" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" media="print" />
-<!-- end of head-include-2.html -->
-
-</head>
-<body>
-<div class="inner">
-
-<!-- start of server/body-include-1.html -->
-
-<div id="toplinks">
-<div class="links">
- <a href="#content">Skip to main text</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="/accessibility/">Accessibility</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <span class="fsf"><a 
href="#mission-statement">About&nbsp;the&nbsp;FSF</a></span>
-</div> <!-- /links -->
-
-<div id="searcher">
- <form method="get" action="http://www.gnu.org/cgi-bin/estseek.cgi";>
-  <div><label class="netscape4" for="phrase">Search:</label>
-  <input name="phrase" id="phrase" type="text" size="18" accesskey="s"
-         value="Why GNU/Linux?" onfocus="this.value=''" />
-  <input type="submit" value="Search" />
-  </div><!-- unnamed label -->
- </form>
-</div><!-- /searcher -->
-</div><!-- /toplinks -->
-
-<div id="translations">
-<p>
-<span dir="ltr" class="original"><a lang="en" hreflang="en" 
href="/education/edu-schools.en.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ar" hreflang="ar" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ar.html">العربية</a>&nbsp;[ar]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="bg" hreflang="bg" 
href="/education/edu-schools.bg.html">български</a>&nbsp;[bg]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ca" hreflang="ca" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ca.html">català</a>&nbsp;[ca]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="de" hreflang="de" 
href="/education/edu-schools.de.html">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="el" hreflang="el" 
href="/education/edu-schools.el.html">ελληνικά</a>&nbsp;[el]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="es" hreflang="es" 
href="/education/edu-schools.es.html">español</a>&nbsp;[es]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="fa" hreflang="fa" 
href="/education/edu-schools.fa.html">فارسی</a>&nbsp;[fa]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="fr" hreflang="fr" 
href="/education/edu-schools.fr.html">français</a>&nbsp;[fr]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="he" hreflang="he" 
href="/education/edu-schools.he.html">עברית</a>&nbsp;[he]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="hr" hreflang="hr" 
href="/education/edu-schools.hr.html">hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="it" hreflang="it" 
href="/education/edu-schools.it.html">italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ja" hreflang="ja" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ja.html">日本語</a>&nbsp;[ja]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ml" hreflang="ml" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ml.html">മലയാളം</a>&nbsp;[ml]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="nl" hreflang="nl" 
href="/education/edu-schools.nl.html">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="pl" hreflang="pl" 
href="/education/edu-schools.pl.html">polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="pt-br" hreflang="pt-br" 
href="/education/edu-schools.pt-br.html">português&nbsp;do&nbsp;Brasil</a>&nbsp;[pt-br]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ru" hreflang="ru" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ru.html">русский</a>&nbsp;[ru]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ta" hreflang="ta" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ta.html">தமிழ்</a>&nbsp;[ta]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="uz" hreflang="uz" 
href="/education/edu-schools.uz.html">Oʻzbekcha</a>&nbsp;[uz]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</p>
-</div>
-<!-- end of server/body-include-1.html -->
-
-<!-- start of server/body-include-2.html -->
-
-<div id="header">
-
-<div id="fssbox">
-<p><strong>Receive our monthly<br />email newsletter, the<br /><a
-href="https://www.fsf.org/free-software-supporter/";>Free Software
-Supporter</a></strong></p>
-</div><!-- /fssbox -->
-
-<div id="logo">
- <p><a href="/">
- <img src="/graphics/heckert_gnu.small.png" alt=" [Une tête de GNU] " 
/>&nbsp;<strong>GNU</strong>&nbsp;Operating&nbsp;System</a></p>
-</div><!-- /logo -->
-
-</div><!-- /header -->
-
-
-<div id="navigation">
- <ul>
-  <li id="tabAboutGNU"><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">About&nbsp;GNU</a></li>
-  <li id="tabPhilosophy"><a 
href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">Philosophy</a></li>
-  <li id="tabLicenses"><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">Licenses</a></li>
-  <li id="tabEducation"><a href="/education/education.html">Education</a></li>
-  <li id="tabSoftware"><a href="/software/software.html">Software</a></li>
-  <li id="tabDoc"><a href="/doc/doc.html">Documentation</a></li>
-  <li id="tabHelp"><a href="/help/help.html">Help&nbsp;GNU</a></li>
- </ul>
-</div><!--  /navigation -->
-
-<!-- end of server/body-include-2.html -->
-
-<div id="content">
-
-<!-- end of banner.html -->
-<div id="education-content">
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Education Contents</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Case Studies</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Educational Resources</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Education Projects</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">The Education Team</a></li>
-</ul>
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-
-</div> <!-- id="education-content" -->
-
-<div class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Education</a> &rarr;
-<a href="/education/education.html#indepth">In Depth</a> &rarr;
-Why Schools Should Exclusively Use Free Software</div>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
-
-<h2>Why Schools Should Exclusively Use Free Software</h2>
-
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
-
-<p>There are general reasons why all computer users should insist on
-free software: it gives users the freedom to control their own
-computers&mdash;with proprietary software, the computer does what the
-software owner wants it to do, not what the user wants it to do.  Free
-software also gives users the freedom to cooperate with each other, to
-lead an upright life.  These reasons apply to schools as they do to
-everyone.  The purpose of this article is to state additional reasons
-that apply specifically to education.</p>
-
-<p>Educational activities (including schools) have
-a <a href="/education/education.html">duty to teach only free
-software.</a>  Here are the reasons.</p>
-
-<p>First, free software can save schools money. Free software gives
-schools, like other users, the freedom to copy and redistribute the
-software, so the school system can make copies for all the computers
-they have. In poor countries, this can help close the digital
-divide.</p>
-
-<p>This obvious reason, while important in practical terms, is rather
-shallow. And proprietary software developers can eliminate this reason
-by donating copies to the schools.  (Warning: a school that accepts
-such an offer may have to pay for upgrades later.)  So let's look at
-the deeper reasons.</p>
-
-<p>Schools have a social mission: to teach students to be citizens of
-a strong, capable, independent, cooperating and free society.  They
-should promote the use of free software just as they promote
-recycling.  If schools teach students free software, then the students
-will tend to use free software after they graduate.  This will help
-society as a whole escape from being dominated (and gouged) by
-megacorporations.</p>
-
-<p>What schools should refuse to do is teach dependence.  Those
-corporations offer free samples to schools for the same reason tobacco
-companies distribute free cigarettes to minors: to get children
-addicted <a href="#note1">(1)</a>.  They will not give discounts to these
-students once they've grown up and graduated.</p>
-
-<p>Free software permits students to learn how software works.  Some
-students, on reaching their teens, want to learn everything there is
-to know about their computer and its software.  They are intensely
-curious to read the source code of the programs that they use every
-day.  To learn to write good code, students need to read lots of code
-and write lots of code.  They need to read and understand real
-programs that people really use.  Only free software permits this.</p>
-
-<p>Proprietary software rejects their thirst for knowledge: it says,
-&ldquo;The knowledge you want is a secret&mdash;learning is
-forbidden!&rdquo; Free software encourages everyone to learn. The free
-software community rejects the &ldquo;priesthood of technology&rdquo;,
-which keeps the general public in ignorance of how technology works;
-we encourage students of any age and situation to read the source code
-and learn as much as they want to know. Schools that use free software
-will enable gifted programming students to advance.</p>
-
-<p>The deepest reason for using free software in schools is for moral
-education. We expect schools to teach students basic facts and useful
-skills, but that is not their whole job. The most fundamental job of
-schools is to teach good citizenship, which includes the habit of
-helping others. In the area of computing, this means teaching people
-to share software.  Schools, starting from nursery school, should tell
-their pupils, &ldquo;If you bring software to school, you must share
-it with the other students.  And you must show the source code to the
-class, in case someone wants to learn.&rdquo;</p>
-
-<p>Of course, the school must practice what it preaches: all the
-software installed by the school should be available for students to
-copy, take home, and redistribute further.</p>
-
-<p>Teaching the students to use free software, and to participate in
-the free software community, is a hands-on civics lesson. It also
-teaches students the role model of public service rather than that of
-tycoons.  All levels of school should use free software.</p>
-
-<ol>
-<li><cite><a id="note1"></a>RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company was
-fined $15m in 2002 for handing out free samples of cigarettes at
-events attended by children.  See <a 
href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm";>http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm</a>.</cite></li>
-</ol>
-
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-
-<!-- begin server/footer-text.html -->
-
-<div id="fsf-links">
- <ul>
-  <li><a href="/">GNU&nbsp;home&nbsp;page</a></li>
-  <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/";>FSF&nbsp;home&nbsp;page</a></li>
-  <li><a href="/graphics/graphics.html">GNU&nbsp;Art</a></li>
-  <li><a href="/fun/fun.html">GNU&nbsp;Fun</a></li>
-  <li><a href="/people/people.html">GNU's&nbsp;Who?</a></li>
-  <li><a 
href="http://directory.fsf.org";>Free&nbsp;Software&nbsp;Directory</a></li>
-  <li><a href="/server/sitemap.html">Site&nbsp;map</a></li>
- </ul>
-</div><!-- /fsf-links -->
-
-<div id="mission-statement">
-
-<blockquote><a href="http://www.fsf.org";><img id="fsfbanner" 
src="logo-fsf.org-notext.png" alt=" [Free Software Foundation logo] 
"/></a><strong>“Our mission is to preserve, protect and promote the freedom 
to use, study, copy, modify, and redistribute computer software, and to defend 
the rights of Free Software users.”</strong></blockquote>
-
-<div id="support-fsf">
-<div id="join-fsf">
- <p><a class="button small" 
href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom?referrer=4052";>
-   JOIN FSF NOW  </a></p>
-</div> <!-- /join-fsf -->
-
-<p>The <strong><a href="http://www.fsf.org";>Free Software
-Foundation</a></strong> is the principal organizational sponsor of the <a
-href="http://www.gnu.org/";>GNU Operating System</a>. <strong>Support GNU and 
the FSF</strong>
-by <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/";>buying manuals and gear</a>, <a 
href="http://www.fsf.org/join";>joining the FSF as an associate member</a> or by 
making a donation, either <a href="http://donate.fsf.org/";>directly to the 
FSF</a> or <a href="http://flattr.com/thing/313733/gnuproject-on-Flattr";>via 
Flattr</a>.</p>
-</div> <!-- /support-fsf -->
-</div> <!-- /mission-statement -->
- 
- <p id="backtotop"><a href="#header">Back to Top</a></p>
- <!-- end server/footer-text.html -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<div class="footer-unit">
-<p>Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.
-There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
-the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
-to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
-</div><!-- /footer-unit -->
-
-<div class="footer-unit">
-<p>
-<!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
-        replace it with the translation of these two:
-
-        We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
-        translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
-        Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
-        to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
-
-        &lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
-
-        <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
-        our web pages, see <a
-        href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-        README</a>. -->
-Please see the <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
-of this article.</p>
-</div><!-- /footer-unit -->
- 
-<div class="footer-unit">
-<p>Copyright &copy; 2003, 2009 Richard Stallman</p>
-
-<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/";>Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
-</div><!-- /footer-unit -->
-
-<!-- start of server/bottom-notes.html -->
-<p id="bottom-notes">
-<a href="http://www.fsf.org/about/dmca-notice";>Copyright Infringement 
Notification</a></p>
-<!-- end of server/bottom-notes.html -->
-
-<p>Updated:
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/02/10 10:42:24 $
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-
-</div><!-- /footer -->
-</div><!-- /inner -->
-</body>
-</html>

Index: edu-schools3.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-schools3.html
diff -N edu-schools3.html
--- edu-schools3.html   10 Feb 2014 20:26:43 -0000      1.4
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,315 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
-    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
-
-<head>
-
-<!-- start of server/head-include-1.html -->
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-<link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
-<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/graphics/gnu-head-mini.png" />
-<meta name="ICBM" content="42.355469,-71.058627" />
-<meta name="DC.title" content="gnu.org" />
-<!-- end of server/head-include-1.html -->
-
-<!-- end of server/header.html -->
-
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
-
-<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/education/edu-schools.en.html" -->
-<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
-
-<title>Why Schools Should Exclusively Use Free Software - GNU Project - 
-Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!-- start of banner.html -->
-
-<!-- start of head-include-2.html -->
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="combo.css" media="screen" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="layout3.css" media="screen" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/mini.css" media="handheld" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" media="print" />
-<!-- end of head-include-2.html -->
-
-</head>
-<body>
-<div class="inner">
-
-<!-- start of server/body-include-1.html -->
-
-<div id="toplinks">
-<div class="links">
- <a href="#content">Skip to main text</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="/accessibility/">Accessibility</a>
-</div> <!-- /links -->
-
-<div id="searcher">
- <form method="get" action="http://www.gnu.org/cgi-bin/estseek.cgi";>
-  <div><label class="netscape4" for="phrase">Search:</label>
-  <input name="phrase" id="phrase" type="text" size="18" accesskey="s"
-         value="Why GNU/Linux?" onfocus="this.value=''" />
-  <input type="submit" value="Search" />
-  </div><!-- unnamed label -->
- </form>
-</div><!-- /searcher -->
-</div><!-- /toplinks -->
-
-<div id="translations">
-<p>
-<span dir="ltr" class="original"><a lang="en" hreflang="en" 
href="/education/edu-schools.en.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ar" hreflang="ar" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ar.html">العربية</a>&nbsp;[ar]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="bg" hreflang="bg" 
href="/education/edu-schools.bg.html">български</a>&nbsp;[bg]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ca" hreflang="ca" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ca.html">català</a>&nbsp;[ca]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="de" hreflang="de" 
href="/education/edu-schools.de.html">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="el" hreflang="el" 
href="/education/edu-schools.el.html">ελληνικά</a>&nbsp;[el]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="es" hreflang="es" 
href="/education/edu-schools.es.html">español</a>&nbsp;[es]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="fa" hreflang="fa" 
href="/education/edu-schools.fa.html">فارسی</a>&nbsp;[fa]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="fr" hreflang="fr" 
href="/education/edu-schools.fr.html">français</a>&nbsp;[fr]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="he" hreflang="he" 
href="/education/edu-schools.he.html">עברית</a>&nbsp;[he]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="hr" hreflang="hr" 
href="/education/edu-schools.hr.html">hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="it" hreflang="it" 
href="/education/edu-schools.it.html">italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ja" hreflang="ja" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ja.html">日本語</a>&nbsp;[ja]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ml" hreflang="ml" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ml.html">മലയാളം</a>&nbsp;[ml]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="nl" hreflang="nl" 
href="/education/edu-schools.nl.html">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="pl" hreflang="pl" 
href="/education/edu-schools.pl.html">polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="pt-br" hreflang="pt-br" 
href="/education/edu-schools.pt-br.html">português&nbsp;do&nbsp;Brasil</a>&nbsp;[pt-br]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ru" hreflang="ru" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ru.html">русский</a>&nbsp;[ru]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ta" hreflang="ta" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ta.html">தமிழ்</a>&nbsp;[ta]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="uz" hreflang="uz" 
href="/education/edu-schools.uz.html">Oʻzbekcha</a>&nbsp;[uz]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</p>
-</div>
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-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" -->
-
-<h2>Why Schools Should Exclusively Use Free Software</h2>
-
-<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
-
-<p>There are general reasons why all computer users should insist on
-free software: it gives users the freedom to control their own
-computers&mdash;with proprietary software, the computer does what the
-software owner wants it to do, not what the user wants it to do.  Free
-software also gives users the freedom to cooperate with each other, to
-lead an upright life.  These reasons apply to schools as they do to
-everyone.  The purpose of this article is to state additional reasons
-that apply specifically to education.</p>
-
-<p>Educational activities (including schools) have
-a <a href="/education/education.html">duty to teach only free
-software.</a>  Here are the reasons.</p>
-
-<p>First, free software can save schools money. Free software gives
-schools, like other users, the freedom to copy and redistribute the
-software, so the school system can make copies for all the computers
-they have. In poor countries, this can help close the digital
-divide.</p>
-
-<p>This obvious reason, while important in practical terms, is rather
-shallow. And proprietary software developers can eliminate this reason
-by donating copies to the schools.  (Warning: a school that accepts
-such an offer may have to pay for upgrades later.)  So let's look at
-the deeper reasons.</p>
-
-<p>Schools have a social mission: to teach students to be citizens of
-a strong, capable, independent, cooperating and free society.  They
-should promote the use of free software just as they promote
-recycling.  If schools teach students free software, then the students
-will tend to use free software after they graduate.  This will help
-society as a whole escape from being dominated (and gouged) by
-megacorporations.</p>
-
-<p>What schools should refuse to do is teach dependence.  Those
-corporations offer free samples to schools for the same reason tobacco
-companies distribute free cigarettes to minors: to get children
-addicted <a href="#note1">(1)</a>.  They will not give discounts to these
-students once they've grown up and graduated.</p>
-
-<p>Free software permits students to learn how software works.  Some
-students, on reaching their teens, want to learn everything there is
-to know about their computer and its software.  They are intensely
-curious to read the source code of the programs that they use every
-day.  To learn to write good code, students need to read lots of code
-and write lots of code.  They need to read and understand real
-programs that people really use.  Only free software permits this.</p>
-
-<p>Proprietary software rejects their thirst for knowledge: it says,
-&ldquo;The knowledge you want is a secret&mdash;learning is
-forbidden!&rdquo; Free software encourages everyone to learn. The free
-software community rejects the &ldquo;priesthood of technology&rdquo;,
-which keeps the general public in ignorance of how technology works;
-we encourage students of any age and situation to read the source code
-and learn as much as they want to know. Schools that use free software
-will enable gifted programming students to advance.</p>
-
-<p>The deepest reason for using free software in schools is for moral
-education. We expect schools to teach students basic facts and useful
-skills, but that is not their whole job. The most fundamental job of
-schools is to teach good citizenship, which includes the habit of
-helping others. In the area of computing, this means teaching people
-to share software.  Schools, starting from nursery school, should tell
-their pupils, &ldquo;If you bring software to school, you must share
-it with the other students.  And you must show the source code to the
-class, in case someone wants to learn.&rdquo;</p>
-
-<p>Of course, the school must practice what it preaches: all the
-software installed by the school should be available for students to
-copy, take home, and redistribute further.</p>
-
-<p>Teaching the students to use free software, and to participate in
-the free software community, is a hands-on civics lesson. It also
-teaches students the role model of public service rather than that of
-tycoons.  All levels of school should use free software.</p>
-
-<ol>
-<li><cite><a id="note1"></a>RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company was
-fined $15m in 2002 for handing out free samples of cigarettes at
-events attended by children.  See <a 
href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm";>http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm</a>.</cite></li>
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Index: edu-schools2.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-schools2.fr.html
diff -N edu-schools2.fr.html
--- edu-schools2.fr.html        10 Feb 2014 10:42:24 -0000      1.7
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,371 +0,0 @@
-
-
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
-    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">
-
-<head>
-
-<!-- start of server/head-include-1.html -->
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/education/edu-schools.en.html" -->
-<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
-
-<title>Pourquoi les écoles doivent utiliser exclusivement du logiciel libre -
-Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
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-<div class="links">
- <a href="#content">Lire l'article</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <a href="/accessibility/">Accessibilité</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
- <span class="fsf"><a 
href="#mission-statement">À&nbsp;propos&nbsp;de&nbsp;la&nbsp;FSF</a></span>
-</div> <!-- /links -->
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-         value="Pourquoi GNU/Linux?" onfocus="this.value=''" />
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-  </div><!-- unnamed label -->
- </form>
-</div><!-- /searcher -->
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-<div id="translations">
-<p>
-<span dir="ltr" class="original"><a lang="en" hreflang="en" 
href="/education/edu-schools.en.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ar" hreflang="ar" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ar.html">العربية</a>&nbsp;[ar]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="bg" hreflang="bg" 
href="/education/edu-schools.bg.html">български</a>&nbsp;[bg]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ca" hreflang="ca" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ca.html">català</a>&nbsp;[ca]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="de" hreflang="de" 
href="/education/edu-schools.de.html">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="el" hreflang="el" 
href="/education/edu-schools.el.html">ελληνικά</a>&nbsp;[el]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="es" hreflang="es" 
href="/education/edu-schools.es.html">español</a>&nbsp;[es]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="fa" hreflang="fa" 
href="/education/edu-schools.fa.html">فارسی</a>&nbsp;[fa]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="fr" hreflang="fr" 
href="/education/edu-schools.fr.html">français</a>&nbsp;[fr]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="he" hreflang="he" 
href="/education/edu-schools.he.html">עברית</a>&nbsp;[he]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="hr" hreflang="hr" 
href="/education/edu-schools.hr.html">hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="it" hreflang="it" 
href="/education/edu-schools.it.html">italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ja" hreflang="ja" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ja.html">日本語</a>&nbsp;[ja]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ml" hreflang="ml" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ml.html">മലയാളം</a>&nbsp;[ml]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="nl" hreflang="nl" 
href="/education/edu-schools.nl.html">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="pl" hreflang="pl" 
href="/education/edu-schools.pl.html">polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="pt-br" hreflang="pt-br" 
href="/education/edu-schools.pt-br.html">português&nbsp;do&nbsp;Brasil</a>&nbsp;[pt-br]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ru" hreflang="ru" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ru.html">русский</a>&nbsp;[ru]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="ta" hreflang="ta" 
href="/education/edu-schools.ta.html">தமிழ்</a>&nbsp;[ta]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span dir="ltr"><a lang="uz" hreflang="uz" 
href="/education/edu-schools.uz.html">Oʻzbekcha</a>&nbsp;[uz]</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;
-</p>
-</div>
-<!-- end of server/body-include-1.html -->
-
-<!-- start of server/body-include-2.html -->
-
-<div id="header">
-
-<div id="fssbox">
-<p><strong>Recevez notre lettre électronique<br />mensuelle (traduite en 
français),<br /> le <a
-href="https://www.fsf.org/free-software-supporter/";>Free Software
-Supporter</a></strong></p>
-</div><!-- /fssbox -->
-
-<div id="logo">
- <p><a href="/">
- <img src="/graphics/heckert_gnu.small.png" alt=" [Une tête de GNU] " 
/>&nbsp;Le&nbsp;système&nbsp;d'exploitation&nbsp;<strong>GNU</strong></a></p>
-</div><!-- /logo -->
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-<div id="navigation">
- <ul>
-  <li id="tabAboutGNU"><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">À propos de GNU</a></li>
-  <li id="tabPhilosophy"><a 
href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">Philosophie</a></li>
-  <li id="tabLicenses"><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">Licences</a></li>
-  <li class="active" id="tabEducation"><a 
href="education.html">Éducation</a></li>
-  <li id="tabSoftware"><a href="/software/software.html">Logiciel</a></li>
-  <li id="tabDoc"><a href="/doc/doc.html">Documentation</a></li>
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-<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
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-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Sommaire</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Études de cas</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Ressources pédag.</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Projets pédag.</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">Qui sommes-nous</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-</div> 
-
-<!-- id="education-content" -->
-<div class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Éducation</a> &rarr; <a
-href="/education/education.html#indepth">Pour aller plus loin</a> &rarr;
-Pourquoi les écoles doivent utiliser exclusivement du logiciel libre</div>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
-
-<h2>Pourquoi les écoles doivent utiliser exclusivement du logiciel libre</h2>
-
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
-
-<p>Il existe des raisons très générales pour lesquelles tout utilisateur
-d'ordinateur doit exiger des logiciels libres : ils lui donnent la
-possibilité de contrôler son propre ordinateur. Avec les logiciels
-privateurs en effet,<a id="TransNote1-rev"
-href="#TransNote1"><sup>a</sup></a> l'ordinateur obéit au propriétaire du
-logiciel – l'éditeur – et non au propriétaire de l'ordinateur. Les 
logiciels
-libres donnent également aux utilisateurs la liberté de coopérer, de vivre
-dans la droiture morale. Cela s'applique aux écoles comme à tout le
-monde. Le but de cet article est de donner des raisons supplémentaires,
-spécifiques au domaine de l'éducation.</p>
-
-<p>Les activités liées à l'éducation (y compris les écoles) ont pour <a
-href="/education/education.html">devoir de n'enseigner que des logiciels
-libres</a>. En voici les raisons.</p>
-
-<p>D'abord, le logiciel libre permet aux écoles d'économiser de l'argent. Il
-donne aux écoles, comme aux autres utilisateurs, la liberté de copier et de
-redistribuer les logiciels, si bien que l'Éducation nationale (ou tout
-système éducatif) peut faire des copies pour tous les ordinateurs de toutes
-les écoles. Dans les pays en voie de développement, cela peut aider à
-réduire la fracture numérique.</p>
-
-<p>Cet argument économique évident, quoi qu'important en pratique, n'a qu'une
-portée assez marginale. En effet les développeurs de logiciels privateurs
-peuvent éliminer cette raison en offrant des copies aux écoles (mais
-attention, une école qui accepte un tel « cadeau » risque de devoir payer
-les mises à jour). Approfondissons donc la question.</p>
-
-<p>Les écoles ont une mission sociale, celle de former les élèves à être 
les
-citoyens d'une société forte, capable, indépendante, solidaire et
-libre. Elles doivent promouvoir l'utilisation de logiciel libre tout comme
-elles promeuvent le recyclage. Si les écoles forment les élèves et les
-étudiants à l'utilisation de logiciel libre, ils continueront à s'en servir
-après la fin de leurs études. Cela pourra aider la société toute entière 
à
-échapper à la domination (et au racket) des multinationales.</p>
-
-<p>Ce que les écoles doivent refuser de faire, c'est d'enseigner la
-dépendance. Ces entreprises offrent des exemplaires gratuits de leurs
-logiciels aux écoles pour la même raison que les fabricants de cigarettes
-distribuent des échantillons gratuits aux mineurs : pour rendre les enfants
-dépendants <a name="top1" href="#note1">(1)</a>. Ils ne feront pas de remise
-à ces élèves et étudiants une fois qu'ils auront grandi et fini leurs
-études.<a id="TransNote2-rev" href="#TransNote2"><sup>b</sup></a></p>
-
-<p>Le logiciel libre permet aux élèves et aux étudiants d'apprendre comment 
les
-programmes fonctionnent. À l'adolescence, certains d'entre eux veulent tout
-apprendre au sujet de leur ordinateur et de ses logiciels. Ils sont
-extrêmement curieux de lire le code source des programmes qu'ils utilisent
-tous les jours. Pour apprendre à écrire du bon code, ils ont besoin de lire
-beaucoup de code et d'en écrire beaucoup. Ils ont besoin de lire et de
-comprendre de vrais programmes que les gens utilisent réellement. Seul le
-logiciel libre leur en donne la permission.</p>
-
-<p>Le logiciel privateur rejette cette soif de connaissance ; il dit : « Le
-savoir que tu recherches est un secret – apprendre est interdit ! » Le
-logiciel libre encourage tout le monde à apprendre. La communauté du
-logiciel libre rejette ce « culte de la technologie » qui maintient le 
grand
-public dans l'ignorance de son fonctionnement ; nous encourageons les élèves
-et les étudiants de tous âges et de toutes origines à lire du code source et
-à apprendre autant qu'ils veulent savoir. Les écoles qui utilisent du
-logiciel libre encouragent cela et permettent aux apprentis programmeurs
-doués de progresser.</p>
-
-<p>La raison la plus profonde d'utiliser du logiciel libre dans les écoles
-concerne l'éducation morale. Nous attendons de l'école qu'elle enseigne aux
-élèves et étudiants des connaissances de base et des compétences utiles,
-mais ce n'est pas son unique mission. Sa mission la plus fondamentale est
-d'enseigner la bonne citoyenneté, ce qui inclut l'habitude d'aider les
-autres. Dans le domaine de l'informatique, cela signifie apprendre aux
-élèves à partager les logiciels. Il faut qu'on leur dise dès la 
maternelle :
-« Si tu apportes un logiciel à l'école, tu devras le partager avec les
-autres enfants. Et tu dois montrer le code source à la classe, au cas où
-quelqu'un voudrait apprendre. » </p>
-
-<p>Bien entendu, l'école doit pratiquer ce qu'elle prêche : tous les 
logiciels
-qu'elle installe devront être accessibles aux élèves pour qu'ils les
-copient, les emportent à la maison et les redistribuent autour d'eux.</p>
-
-<p>Enseigner l'utilisation des logiciels libres aux élèves et étudiants et
-prendre part à la communauté du logiciel libre est une forme concrète
-d'éducation à la citoyenneté. De plus, cela propose aux étudiants un 
modèle
-basé sur le service public au lieu de celui que prônent les magnats de
-l'économie. Les écoles de tous niveaux doivent se servir de logiciel 
libre.</p>
-
-<ol>
-<li><cite><a id="note1"></a>L'industriel du tabac </cite>RJ Reynolds Tobacco
-Company<cite> fut condamné à 15 millions de dollars d'amende en 2002 pour
-avoir fourni des échantillons gratuits de cigarettes à l'occasion
-d'événements auxquels participaient des enfants. Voir <a
-href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm";>http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm</a>.</cite></li>
-</ol>
-
-
-<div id="transnotes">
-<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
-<b>Notes de traduction</b>
-  <ol id="translator-notes-alpha">
-   <li id="TransNote1">Autre traduction de <cite>proprietary</cite> :
-propriétaire. <a href="#TransNote1-rev">&#8593;</a></li>
-   <li id="TransNote2">On a dans cet alinéa et celui qui précède un parfait
-exemple de l'ambiguïté du mot anglais <cite>free</cite>. Cet adjectif est en
-effet utilisé deux fois dans le sens de « libre » (<cite>free
-software</cite>) et deux fois dans le sens de « gratuit » (<cite>free
-samples</cite> et <cite>free cigarettes</cite>). <a
-href="#TransNote2-rev">&#8593;</a></li>
-   </ol>
-</div><!-- /transnotes -->
-
-</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-
-<!-- begin server/footer-text.html -->
-
-<div id="fsf-links">
- <ul>
-  <li><a href="/">Accueil GNU</a></li>
-  <li><a href="http://www.fsf.org/";>Accueil FSF</a></li>
-  <li><a href="/graphics/graphics.html">Art GNU</a></li>
-  <li><a href="/fun/fun.html">Humour GNU</a></li>
-  <li><a href="/people/people.html">Trombinoscope GNU</a></li>
-  <li><a 
href="http://directory.fsf.org";>Répertoire du logiciel libre</a></li>
-  <li><a href="/server/sitemap.html">Plan du site</a></li>
- </ul>
-</div><!-- /fsf-links -->
-
-<div id="mission-statement">
-
-<blockquote><a href="http://www.fsf.org";><img id="fsfbanner" 
src="logo-fsf.org-notext.png" alt=" [Logo de la Free Software Foundation] 
"/></a><strong>« Notre mission est de préserver, protéger et promouvoir la 
liberté d'utiliser, étudier, copier, modifier et redistribuer les programmes 
informatiques, et de défendre les droits des utilisateurs de logiciel libre. 
»</strong></blockquote>
-
-<div id="support-fsf">
-<div id="join-fsf">
- <p><a class="button small" 
href="https://www.fsf.org/associate/support_freedom?referrer=4052";>
-   REJOIGNEZ  LA  FSF  </a></p>
-</div> <!-- /join-fsf -->
-
-<p>La <a href="http://www.fsf.org";><strong>Fondation pour le logiciel
-libre</strong></a> (<abbr title="Free Software Foundation">FSF</abbr>)
-est le principal sponsor institutionnel du <a href="/">système
-d'exploitation GNU</a>. <strong>Soutenez GNU et la FSF</strong>
- <a href="http://shop.fsf.org/";>en achetant des manuels et autres objets</a>,
- <a href="http://www.fsf.org/join";>en adhérant à la FSF en tant que membre 
associé</a>
-ou en faisant un don, soit <a href="http://donate.fsf.org/";>directement à la 
FSF</a>, soit <a
-href="http://flattr.com/thing/313733/gnuproject-on-Flattr";>via Flattr</a>.</p>
-</div> <!-- /support-fsf -->
-</div> <!-- /mission-statement -->
- 
- <p id="backtotop"><a href="#header">Haut de la page</a></p>
- <!-- end server/footer-text.html -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<div class="footer-unit">
-<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>. Il existe aussi <a
-href="/contact/">d'autres moyens de contacter</a> la FSF. Les liens
-orphelins et autres corrections ou suggestions peuvent être signalés à <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
-</div><!-- /footer-unit -->
-
-<div class="footer-unit">
-<p>
-<!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
-        replace it with the translation of these two:
-
-        We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
-        translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
-        Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
-        to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
-
-        &lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
-
-        <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
-        our web pages, see <a
-        href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-        README</a>. -->
-Nous faisons le maximum pour proposer des traductions fidèles et de
-qualité, mais nous ne sommes pas parfaits. Merci d'adresser vos commentaires
-sur cette page, ainsi que vos suggestions d'ordre général sur les
-traductions, à <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
-&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
-<p>Pour tout renseignement sur la coordination et la soumission des
-traductions de nos pages web, reportez-vous au <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">guide de traduction</a>.
-</p>
-</div><!-- /footer-unit -->
- 
-<div class="footer-unit">
-<p>Copyright &copy; 2003, 2009 Richard Stallman</p>
-
-<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
-rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution de paternité, pas de modification, 3.0 États-Unis
-(CC BY-ND 3.0 US)</a>.</p>
-</div><!-- /footer-unit -->
-
-<div class="footer-unit">
-<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
-Traduction : Laurent Bertaud.<br /> Révision : <a
-href="mailto:trad-gnu&#64;april.org";>trad-gnu&#64;april.org</a>
-</div><!-- /footer-unit -->
-
-<!-- start of server/bottom-notes.html -->
-<p id="bottom-notes"><a 
href="http://www.fsf.org/about/dmca-notice";>Notification
-d'infraction au copyright</a></p>
-<!-- end of server/bottom-notes.html -->
-
-<p>
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-Dernière mise à jour :
-
-$Date: 2014/02/10 10:42:24 $
-
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
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-</div><!-- /footer -->
-</div><!-- /inner -->
-</body>
-</html>

Index: edu-schools3.fr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: edu-schools3.fr.html
diff -N edu-schools3.fr.html
--- edu-schools3.fr.html        12 Feb 2014 11:01:21 -0000      1.6
+++ /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
-
-
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
-    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
-
-<head>
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
-<link rev="made" href="mailto:address@hidden"; />
-<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/graphics/gnu-head-mini.png" />
-<link rev="translated" href="mailto:trad-gnu&#64;april.org"; />
-<meta name="ICBM" content="42.256233,-71.006581" />
-<meta name="DC.title" content="gnu.org" />
-<!--#set var="LANGUAGE_SUFFIX" value=".fr" -->
-<!-- end of server/header.html -->
-<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
-
-<!-- This file is automatically generated by GNUnited Nations! -->
-<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" -->
- <!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/education/edu-schools.en.html" -->
-
-<title>Pourquoi les écoles doivent utiliser exclusivement du logiciel libre -
-Projet GNU - Free Software Foundation</title>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/education/po/edu-schools.translist" -->
-<!-- start of banner.fr.html -->
-<!-- start of head-include-2.html -->
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/combo.css" media="screen" />
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="layout3.css" media="screen" />
-
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/mini.css" media="handheld" />
-
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" media="print" />
-
-<!-- end of head-include-2.html -->
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.fr.css" media="all" />
-</head>
-<body>
-<div  class="inner">
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/staging/nav-bar/test9/body-include-1.fr.html" -->
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/staging/nav-bar/test9/body-include-2.fr.html" -->
-
-<div id="content">
-<!--#if expr="$OUTDATED_SINCE" --><!--#else -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
-<!--#endif-->
-<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="no" -->
-<!-- end of banner.fr.html --><div id="education-content">
-
-<!-- begin edu navigation bar -->
-<ul id="edu-navigation">
- <li><a href="/education/edu-contents.html">Table des matières</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-cases.html">Études de cas</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-resources.html">Ressources pédagogiques</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-projects.html">Projets pédagogiques</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-faq.html">FAQ</a></li>
- <li><a href="/education/edu-team.html">L'équipe éducation</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<!-- end edu navigation bar -->
-</div> 
-
-<!-- id="education-content" -->
-<p class="edu-breadcrumb">
-<a href="/education/education.html">Éducation</a> &rarr; <a
-href="/education/education.html#indepth">Pour aller plus loin</a> &rarr;
-Pourquoi les écoles doivent utiliser exclusivement du logiciel libre</p>
-
-<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE-->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.fr.html" -->
-<h2>Pourquoi les écoles doivent utiliser exclusivement du logiciel libre</h2>
-
-<p>par <a href="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</a></p>
-
-<p>Il existe des raisons très générales pour lesquelles tout utilisateur
-d'ordinateur doit exiger des logiciels libres : ils lui donnent la
-possibilité de contrôler son propre ordinateur. Avec les logiciels
-privateurs en effet,<a id="TransNote1-rev"
-href="#TransNote1"><sup>a</sup></a> l'ordinateur obéit au propriétaire du
-logiciel – l'éditeur – et non au propriétaire de l'ordinateur. Les 
logiciels
-libres donnent également aux utilisateurs la liberté de coopérer, de vivre
-dans la droiture morale. Cela s'applique aux écoles comme à tout le
-monde. Le but de cet article est de donner des raisons supplémentaires,
-spécifiques au domaine de l'éducation.</p>
-
-<p>Les activités liées à l'éducation (y compris les écoles) ont pour <a
-href="/education/education.html">devoir de n'enseigner que des logiciels
-libres</a>. En voici les raisons.</p>
-
-<p>D'abord, le logiciel libre permet aux écoles d'économiser de l'argent. Il
-donne aux écoles, comme aux autres utilisateurs, la liberté de copier et de
-redistribuer les logiciels, si bien que l'Éducation nationale (ou tout
-système éducatif) peut faire des copies pour tous les ordinateurs de toutes
-les écoles. Dans les pays en voie de développement, cela peut aider à
-réduire la fracture numérique.</p>
-
-<p>Cet argument économique évident, quoi qu'important en pratique, n'a qu'une
-portée assez marginale. En effet les développeurs de logiciels privateurs
-peuvent éliminer cette raison en offrant des copies aux écoles (mais
-attention, une école qui accepte un tel « cadeau » risque de devoir payer
-les mises à jour). Approfondissons donc la question.</p>
-
-<p>Les écoles ont une mission sociale, celle de former les élèves à être 
les
-citoyens d'une société forte, capable, indépendante, solidaire et
-libre. Elles doivent promouvoir l'utilisation de logiciel libre tout comme
-elles promeuvent le recyclage. Si les écoles forment les élèves et les
-étudiants à l'utilisation de logiciel libre, ils continueront à s'en servir
-après la fin de leurs études. Cela pourra aider la société toute entière 
à
-échapper à la domination (et au racket) des multinationales.</p>
-
-<p>Ce que les écoles doivent refuser de faire, c'est d'enseigner la
-dépendance. Ces entreprises offrent des exemplaires gratuits de leurs
-logiciels aux écoles pour la même raison que les fabricants de cigarettes
-distribuent des échantillons gratuits aux mineurs : pour rendre les enfants
-dépendants <a name="top1" href="#note1">(1)</a>. Ils ne feront pas de remise
-à ces élèves et étudiants une fois qu'ils auront grandi et fini leurs
-études.<a id="TransNote2-rev" href="#TransNote2"><sup>b</sup></a></p>
-
-<p>Le logiciel libre permet aux élèves et aux étudiants d'apprendre comment 
les
-programmes fonctionnent. À l'adolescence, certains d'entre eux veulent tout
-apprendre au sujet de leur ordinateur et de ses logiciels. Ils sont
-extrêmement curieux de lire le code source des programmes qu'ils utilisent
-tous les jours. Pour apprendre à écrire du bon code, ils ont besoin de lire
-beaucoup de code et d'en écrire beaucoup. Ils ont besoin de lire et de
-comprendre de vrais programmes que les gens utilisent réellement. Seul le
-logiciel libre leur en donne la permission.</p>
-
-<p>Le logiciel privateur rejette cette soif de connaissance ; il dit : « Le
-savoir que tu recherches est un secret – apprendre est interdit ! » Le
-logiciel libre encourage tout le monde à apprendre. La communauté du
-logiciel libre rejette ce « culte de la technologie » qui maintient le 
grand
-public dans l'ignorance de son fonctionnement ; nous encourageons les élèves
-et les étudiants de tous âges et de toutes origines à lire du code source et
-à apprendre autant qu'ils veulent savoir. Les écoles qui utilisent du
-logiciel libre encouragent cela et permettent aux apprentis programmeurs
-doués de progresser.</p>
-
-<p>La raison la plus profonde d'utiliser du logiciel libre dans les écoles
-concerne l'éducation morale. Nous attendons de l'école qu'elle enseigne aux
-élèves et étudiants des connaissances de base et des compétences utiles,
-mais ce n'est pas son unique mission. Sa mission la plus fondamentale est
-d'enseigner la bonne citoyenneté, ce qui inclut l'habitude d'aider les
-autres. Dans le domaine de l'informatique, cela signifie apprendre aux
-élèves à partager les logiciels. Il faut qu'on leur dise dès la 
maternelle :
-« Si tu apportes un logiciel à l'école, tu devras le partager avec les
-autres enfants. Et tu dois montrer le code source à la classe, au cas où
-quelqu'un voudrait apprendre. » </p>
-
-<p>Bien entendu, l'école doit pratiquer ce qu'elle prêche : tous les 
logiciels
-qu'elle installe devront être accessibles aux élèves pour qu'ils les
-copient, les emportent à la maison et les redistribuent autour d'eux.</p>
-
-<p>Enseigner l'utilisation des logiciels libres aux élèves et étudiants et
-prendre part à la communauté du logiciel libre est une forme concrète
-d'éducation à la citoyenneté. De plus, cela propose aux étudiants un 
modèle
-basé sur le service public au lieu de celui que prônent les magnats de
-l'économie. Les écoles de tous niveaux doivent se servir de logiciel 
libre.</p>
-
-<ol>
-<li><cite><a id="note1"></a>L'industriel du tabac </cite>RJ Reynolds Tobacco
-Company<cite> fut condamné à 15 millions de dollars d'amende en 2002 pour
-avoir fourni des échantillons gratuits de cigarettes à l'occasion
-d'événements auxquels participaient des enfants. Voir <a
-href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm";>http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/sci_tech/features/health/tobaccotrial/usa.htm</a>.</cite></li>
-</ol>
-
-
-<div style="font-size: small;">
-
-<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.-->
-<b>Notes de traduction</b><ol id="translator-notes-alpha">
-<li id="TransNote1">Autre traduction de <cite>proprietary</cite> :
-propriétaire. <a href="#TransNote1-rev">&#8593;</a></li>
-<li id="TransNote2">On a dans cet alinéa et celui qui précède un parfait
-exemple de l'ambiguïté du mot anglais <cite>free</cite>. Cet adjectif est en
-effet utilisé deux fois dans le sens de « libre » (<cite>free
-software</cite>) et deux fois dans le sens de « gratuit » (<cite>free
-samples</cite> et <cite>free cigarettes</cite>). <a
-href="#TransNote2-rev">&#8593;</a></li>
-</ol></div>
-</div>
-
-<!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
-<!--#include virtual="/server/staging/nav-bar/test9/footer-text.fr.html" -->
-
-<div id="footer">
-
-<p>Veuillez envoyer les requêtes concernant la FSF et GNU à <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>. Il existe aussi <a
-href="/contact/">d'autres moyens de contacter</a> la FSF. Les liens
-orphelins et autres corrections ou suggestions peuvent être signalés à <a
-href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
-
-<p>
-<!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
-        replace it with the translation of these two:
-
-        We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
-        translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
-        Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
-        to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
-
-        &lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
-
-        <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
-        our web pages, see <a
-        href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-        README</a>. -->
-Nous faisons le maximum pour proposer des traductions fidèles et de bonne
-qualité, mais nous ne sommes pas parfaits. Merci d'adresser vos commentaires
-sur cette page, ainsi que vos suggestions d'ordre général sur les
-traductions, à <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
-&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
-<p>Pour tout renseignement sur la coordination et la soumission des
-traductions de nos pages web, reportez-vous au <a
-href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">guide de traduction</a>.</p>
-
-<p>Copyright &copy; 2003, 2009 Richard Stallman</p>
-
-<p>Cette page peut être utilisée suivant les conditions de la licence <a
-rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.fr";>Creative
-Commons attribution de paternité, pas de modification, 3.0 États-Unis
-(CC BY-ND 3.0 US)</a>.</p>
-
-<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.fr.html" -->
-<div class="translators-credits">
-
-<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
-Traduction : Laurent Bertaud.<br /> Révision : <a
-href="mailto:trad-gnu&#64;april.org";>trad-gnu&#64;april.org</a></div>
-
-
- <p>
-<!-- timestamp start -->
-Dernière mise à jour :
-
-$Date: 2014/02/12 11:01:21 $
-
-<!-- timestamp end -->
-</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>



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