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www planetfeeds.de.html distros/free-distros.de...
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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www planetfeeds.de.html distros/free-distros.de... |
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Date: |
Fri, 31 Jan 2014 13:00:52 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 14/01/31 13:00:52
Modified files:
. : planetfeeds.de.html
distros : free-distros.de.html
free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr.html
free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br.html
free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro.html
distros/po : free-distros.de-en.html
software : recent-releases-include.de.html
Added files:
distros/po :
free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr-diff.html
free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br-diff.html
free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro-diff.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/planetfeeds.de.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.180&r2=1.181
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/free-distros.de.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.57&r2=1.58
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.4&r2=1.5
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.14&r2=1.15
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.3&r2=1.4
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/po/free-distros.de-en.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.48&r2=1.49
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/software/recent-releases-include.de.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.252&r2=1.253
Patches:
Index: planetfeeds.de.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/planetfeeds.de.html,v
retrieving revision 1.180
retrieving revision 1.181
diff -u -b -r1.180 -r1.181
--- planetfeeds.de.html 30 Jan 2014 05:59:06 -0000 1.180
+++ planetfeeds.de.html 31 Jan 2014 13:00:50 -0000 1.181
@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
<!-- Autogenerated by planetrss.pl 1.7 -->
-<p><a href='http://savannah.gnu.org/forum/forum.php?forum_id=7869'> GNU Xnee
-3.17 released</a>: We are pleased to announce the availability of GNU Xnee
-3.17 GNU Xnee is a suite of programs that can record, replay and distribute
-user actions under the X11 environme... <a
-href='http://savannah.gnu.org/forum/forum.php?forum_id=7869'>more</a></p>
+<p><a href='http://savannah.gnu.org/forum/forum.php?forum_id=7869'>xnee @
+Savannah</a>: GNU Xnee 3.17 released. <a
+href='http://savannah.gnu.org/forum/forum.php?forum_id=7869'><small>[mehr]</small></a></p>
<p><a
-href='http://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/as-free-software-users-we-need-to-speak-out-against-the-tpp'>
-As free software users, we need to speak out against the TPP</a>: You may
-already be involved in the international grassroots movement against the
-Trans-Pacific Partnership.</p>
-<p><a href='http://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/help-the-fsf-bury-windows-8'>
-Help the FSF bury Windows 8</a>: The widely-accepted failure of Windows 8
-provides a critical moment for the free software movement.</p>
+href='http://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/as-free-software-users-we-need-to-speak-out-against-the-tpp'>FSF
+Blogs</a>: As free software users, we need to speak out against the
+Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). <a
+href='http://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/as-free-software-users-we-need-to-speak-out-against-the-tpp'><small>[mehr]</small></a></p>
+<p><a href='http://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/help-the-fsf-bury-windows-8'>FSF
+Blogs</a>: Help the FSF bury Windows 8 <a
+href='http://www.fsf.org/blogs/community/help-the-fsf-bury-windows-8'><small>[mehr]</small></a></p>
Index: distros/free-distros.de.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/distros/free-distros.de.html,v
retrieving revision 1.57
retrieving revision 1.58
diff -u -b -r1.57 -r1.58
--- distros/free-distros.de.html 1 Dec 2013 16:33:12 -0000 1.57
+++ distros/free-distros.de.html 31 Jan 2014 13:00:50 -0000 1.58
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
mit finanzieller Unterstützung der FSF.</td></tr>
<tr class="odd">
- <td><a href="http://www.musix.org.ar";>
+ <td><a href="http://musix.najval.net/musix/isos/";>
<img src="/graphics/distros-musix.png" alt="Musix GNU/Linux" /></a></td>
<td>Musix ist eine auf Knoppix basierende GNU/Linux-Distribution, mit
besonderem
Schwerpunkt auf Audio-Produktion.</td></tr>
@@ -216,7 +216,8 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2011, 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2011, 2012<!--, 2013, 2014--> Free Software Foundation,
+Inc.</p>
<p>Dieses Werk steht unter einer <a rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.de";>Creative
@@ -227,13 +228,13 @@
<div class="translators-credits">
<!--TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.-->
-<strong>Ãbersetzung:</strong> Joerg Kohne, 2011, 2012, 2013.</div>
+<strong>Ãbersetzung:</strong> Joerg Kohne, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014.</div>
<p><!-- timestamp start -->
Aktualisierung:
-$Date: 2013/12/01 16:33:12 $
+$Date: 2014/01/31 13:00:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr.html,v
retrieving revision 1.4
retrieving revision 1.5
diff -u -b -r1.4 -r1.5
--- distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr.html 31 Aug 2013 20:08:00
-0000 1.4
+++ distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr.html 31 Jan 2014 13:00:50
-0000 1.5
@@ -14,6 +14,13 @@
<!--#include
virtual="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.hr.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a
href="http://www.gnu.org/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr.po";>
+ http://www.gnu.org/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr.po</a>'
-->
+ <!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE"
value="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html" -->
+ <!--#set var="DIFF_FILE"
value="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr-diff.html" -->
+ <!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2013-12-02" -->
+ <!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.hr.html" -->
<h2>Smjernice za distribucije slobodnog sustava</h2>
<h3 id="introduction">Uvod</h3>
@@ -332,7 +339,7 @@
<p><!-- timestamp start -->
Zadnji put promijenjeno:
-$Date: 2013/08/31 20:08:00 $
+$Date: 2014/01/31 13:00:50 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br.html,v
retrieving revision 1.14
retrieving revision 1.15
diff -u -b -r1.14 -r1.15
--- distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br.html 31 Aug 2013
20:08:00 -0000 1.14
+++ distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br.html 31 Jan 2014
13:00:51 -0000 1.15
@@ -14,6 +14,13 @@
<!--#include
virtual="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.pt-br.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a
href="http://www.gnu.org/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br.po";>
+
http://www.gnu.org/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br.po</a>'
-->
+ <!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE"
value="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html" -->
+ <!--#set var="DIFF_FILE"
value="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br-diff.html" -->
+ <!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2013-12-02" -->
+ <!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.pt-br.html" -->
<h2>Diretrizes para Distribuições de Sistemas Livres</h2>
<h3 id="introduction">Introdução</h3>
@@ -338,7 +345,7 @@
<p><!-- timestamp start -->
Ãltima atualização:
-$Date: 2013/08/31 20:08:00 $
+$Date: 2014/01/31 13:00:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro.html,v
retrieving revision 1.3
retrieving revision 1.4
diff -u -b -r1.3 -r1.4
--- distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro.html 27 Nov 2013 14:59:54
-0000 1.3
+++ distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro.html 31 Jan 2014 13:00:51
-0000 1.4
@@ -14,6 +14,13 @@
<!--#include
virtual="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ro.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a
href="http://www.gnu.org/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro.po";>
+ http://www.gnu.org/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro.po</a>'
-->
+ <!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE"
value="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html" -->
+ <!--#set var="DIFF_FILE"
value="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro-diff.html" -->
+ <!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2013-12-02" -->
+ <!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.ro.html" -->
<h2>RecomandÄri pentru distribuÈiile de sistem libere</h2>
<h3 id="introduction">Introducere</h3>
@@ -340,7 +347,7 @@
<p><!-- timestamp start -->
Actualizat la:
-$Date: 2013/11/27 14:59:54 $
+$Date: 2014/01/31 13:00:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: distros/po/free-distros.de-en.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/distros/po/free-distros.de-en.html,v
retrieving revision 1.48
retrieving revision 1.49
diff -u -b -r1.48 -r1.49
--- distros/po/free-distros.de-en.html 1 Dec 2013 16:33:14 -0000 1.48
+++ distros/po/free-distros.de-en.html 31 Jan 2014 13:00:51 -0000 1.49
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
sponsorship from the FSF.</td></tr>
<tr class="odd">
- <td><a href="http://www.musix.org.ar";>
+ <td><a href="http://musix.najval.net/musix/isos/";>
<img src="/graphics/distros-musix.png" alt="Musix GNU+Linux" /></a></td>
<td>Musix, a GNU+Linux distribution based on Knoppix, with special
emphasis on audio production.</td></tr>
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
<p>Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2013/12/01 16:33:14 $
+$Date: 2014/01/31 13:00:51 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: software/recent-releases-include.de.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/software/recent-releases-include.de.html,v
retrieving revision 1.252
retrieving revision 1.253
diff -u -b -r1.252 -r1.253
--- software/recent-releases-include.de.html 30 Jan 2014 00:29:40 -0000
1.252
+++ software/recent-releases-include.de.html 31 Jan 2014 13:00:52 -0000
1.253
@@ -1,19 +1,18 @@
<ul>
-<li><strong>January 29, 2014</strong>
+<li><strong>2014-01-29</strong>
<ul>
<li><a
href="http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2014-01/msg00016.html";>GNU
-Xnee 3.17 (âSeeger') released</a>, <i>Henrik Sandklef</i>,
<tt>19:03</tt></li>
+Xnee 3.17 (âSeegerâ)</a>, <i>Henrik Sandklef</i>, <tt>19:03</tt></li>
<li><a
href="http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2014-01/msg00015.html";>Libgcrypt
-1.6.1 released</a>, <i>Werner Koch</i>, <tt>09:51</tt></li>
+1.6.1</a>, <i>Werner Koch</i>, <tt>09:51</tt></li>
</ul></li>
-<li><strong>January 24, 2014</strong>
+<li><strong>2014-01-24</strong>
<ul>
<li><a
href="http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2014-01/msg00014.html";>GNU
-ccd2cue 0.3 released [stable]</a>, <i>Bruno Félix Rezende Ribeiro</i>,
-<tt>09:40</tt></li>
+CCD2CUE 0.3</a>, <i>Bruno Félix Rezende Ribeiro</i>, <tt>09:40</tt></li>
</ul></li>
<li><strong>2014-01-22</strong>
<ul>
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@
<ul>
<li><a
href="http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/info-gnu/2014-01/msg00009.html";>[Programmkorrektur]
-GNU MPC 1.0.2 (âFagus silvaticaâ)</a>, <i>Andreas Enge</i>,
<tt>16:31</tt></li>
+GNU MPC 1.0.2 (âFagus silvaticaâ)</a>, <i>Andreas Enge</i>,
<tt>16:31</tt></li>
</ul></li>
<li><strong>2014-01-14</strong>
<ul>
Index: distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr-diff.html
diff -N distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.hr-diff.html 31 Jan 2014
13:00:51 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
+<title>Guidelines for Free System Distributions - GNU Project - Free
Software Foundation</title>
+<link rel="alternate" title="Free GNU/Linux distributions"
+ href="http://www.gnu.org/distros/distros.rss";
+ type="application/rss+xml" />
+<!--#include
virtual="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Guidelines for Free System Distributions</h2>
+
+<h3 id="introduction">Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>The purpose of these guidelines is to explain what it means for an
+installable system distribution (such as a GNU/Linux distribution) to
+qualify as free, and help distribution developers make their
+distributions qualify.</p>
+
+<p>These guidelines are not complete. We have mentioned the issues we
+are aware of now, but we're sure there are more. We will add them
+when we come across them.</p>
+
+<p>We would like to thank the Fedora Project for their help in focusing
+these policies, and allowing us to use their own distribution license
+guidelines as a basis for this document.</p>
+
+<h3 id="complete-distros">Complete Distros</h3>
+
+<p>Our list of distributions is a guide for what to install in a
+computer. Therefore, it only includes distributions that are complete
+in themselves and ready to use. If a distribution is incomplete
+— if using it requires further work or presupposes installing
+other software as well — then it doesn't belong in this list,
+even if it is free software.</p>
+
+<h3 id="license-rules">License Rules</h3>
+
+<p>“Information for practical use”
+includes software, documentation, fonts, and other data that has
+direct functional applications. It does not include artistic works
+that have an aesthetic (rather than functional) purpose, or statements
+of opinion or judgment.</p>
+
+<p>All information for practical use in a free distribution must be
+available in source form. (“Source” means the form of the
+information that is preferred for making changes to it.)</p>
+
+<p>The information, and the source, must be provided under an
+appropriate free license. We list the ones we have evaluated
+on <a class="reference" href="/licenses/license-list.html">our license
+list</a>, with separate sections for licenses that are suitable for
+software, documentation, fonts, and other useful works. If such a
+work is released under multiple licenses, at least one of which is
+free, it can be included in the system; the system developers just
+need to follow the terms of the available free license(s) when they
+distribute and/or modify it.</p>
+
+<p>A free system distribution must not steer users towards obtaining
+any nonfree information for practical use, or encourage them to do so.
+The system should have no repositories for nonfree software and no
+specific recipes for installation of particular nonfree programs. Nor
+should the distribution refer to third-party repositories that are not
+committed to only including free software; even if they only have free
+software today, that may not be true tomorrow. Programs in the system
+should not suggest installing nonfree plugins, documentation, and so
+on.</p>
+
+<p>A free system distribution should be self-hosting. This means that
+you must be able to develop and build the system with tools that the
+system provides you. As a result, a free system distribution cannot
+include free software that can only be built by using nonfree
+software.</p>
+
+<p>There's a lot of code in most free system distributions today; the
+amount of effort it would take to audit it all directly is impractical
+for most teams. In the past, some nonfree code has accidentally been
+included in free system distributions. We don't de-list distributions
+because of this; instead, we only ask that a distribution put forth a
+good faith effort to avoid including nonfree software, and commit
+itself to removing such programs if they are discovered later.</p>
+
+<p>Certain kinds of license situations merit special attention for people
+creating or considering free software distributions; those are
+discussed in the sections below.</p>
+
+<h3 id="nonfree-firmware">Nonfree Firmware</h3>
+
+<p>Some applications and drivers require firmware to function, and
+sometimes that firmware is distributed only in object code form, under
+a nonfree license. We call these firmware programs
+“blobs.” On most GNU/Linux systems, you'll typically find
+these accompanying some drivers in the kernel Linux. Such firmware
+should be removed from a free system distribution.</p>
+
+<p>Blobs can take many forms. Sometimes, they will be provided in
+separate files. Other times, they may be incorporated into the source
+of the driver itself—for example, it could be encoded as a large
+array of numbers. But no matter how it's encoded, any nonfree
+firmware needs to be removed from a free system.</p>
+
+<p>(To be clear, not every array of numbers in a driver is firmware.
+It's important to understand the purpose of the data before deciding
+whether or not it's appropriate for a free system.)</p>
+
+<p>Brian Brazil, Jeff Moe, and Alexandre Oliva have developed a series
+of <a class="reference"
+href="http://www.fsfla.org/svn/fsfla/software/linux-libre/scripts/">scripts
+to remove nonfree firmware</a> from a stock version of the Linux kernel.
+You may find them helpful if you would like to develop your own free
+GNU/Linux distribution—although we recommend joining development
+of an existing free distro rather than fragmenting effort by starting a
+new one. The complete source for a blob-free version of the Linux
+kernel is also available; you can learn more about this project from the
+<a class="reference" href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux/">Free
+Software Directory</a>.</p>
+
+<h3 id="non-functional-data">Non-functional Data</h3>
+
+<p>Data that isn't functional, that doesn't do a practical job, is
+more of an adornment to the system's software than a part of it.
+Thus, we don't insist on the free license criteria for non-functional
+data. It can be included in a free system distribution as long as its
+license gives you permission to copy and redistribute, both for
+commercial and non-commercial purposes. For example, some game
+engines released under the GNU GPL have accompanying game
+information—a fictional world map, game graphics, and so
+on—released under such a verbatim-distribution license. This
+kind of data can be part of a free system distribution, even though
+its license does not qualify as free, because it is non-functional.</p>
+
+<h3 id="trademarks">Trademarks</h3>
+
+<p>Trademarks are associated with some software. For example, the
+name of a program may be trademarked, or its interface may display a
+trademarked logo. Often, the use of these marks will be controlled
+in some way; in particular, developers are commonly asked to remove
+references to the trademark from the software when they modify
+it.</p>
+
+<p>In extreme cases, these restrictions may effectively render the
+program nonfree. It is unfair for someone to ask you to remove a
+trademark from modified code if that trademark is scattered all
+throughout the original source. As long as the practical
+requirements are reasonable, however, free system distributions may
+include these programs, either with or without the trademarks.</p>
+
+<p>Similarly, the distribution itself may hold particular trademarks.
+It is not a problem if modification requires removal of these
+trademarks, as long as they can readily be removed without losing
+functionality.</p>
+
+<p>However, it is unacceptable to use trademarks to restrict verbatim
+copying and redistribution of the whole distribution, or any part.</p>
+
+<h3 id="documentation">Documentation</h3>
+
+<p>All the documentation in a free system distribution must be released
+under an appropriate free license. Additionally, it must take care
+not to recommend nonfree software.</p>
+
+<p>In general, something that helps people who already use nonfree
+software to use the free software better with it is acceptable, but
+something that encourages users of the free software to install
+nonfree software is not.</p>
+
+<p>For example, a free system distribution may have documentation for
+users setting up dual boot systems. It could explain how to access
+filesystems of the proprietary operating system, import settings
+from it, and so on. That would be helping people install a free
+system distribution on a machine which already has proprietary
+software, which is good.</p>
+
+<p>What would be unacceptable is for the documentation to give people
+instructions for installing a nonfree program on the system, or
+mention conveniences they might gain by doing so.</p>
+
+<p>For a borderline case, a clear and serious exhortation not to use the
+nonfree program would move it to the acceptable side of the line.</p>
+
+<h3 id="patents">Patents</h3>
+
+<p>It is effectively impossible for free software developers and
+distributors to know whether or not a given piece of software
+infringes any patents: there are too many of them, they vary from
+country to country, they're often worded so as to make it hard to tell
+what they do or don't cover, and it isn't easy to tell which ones are
+valid. Therefore, we don't generally ask free system distributions to
+exclude software because of possible threats from patents. On the
+other hand, we also don't object if a distributor chooses to omit some
+software in order to avoid patent risk.</p>
+
+<h3 <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="no-malware">No Malware</h3>
+
+<p>The distro must contain no DRM, no back doors, and no
spyware.</p>
+
+<h3</em></ins></span> id="mistakes">Commitment to Correct
Mistakes</h3>
+
+<p>Most distribution development teams don't have the resources to
+exhaustively check that their distribution meet all these criteria.
+Neither do we. So we expect <span
class="removed"><del><strong>developers</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>distros</em></ins></span> to occasionally <span
class="removed"><del><strong>make mistakes
+that let some</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>contain
mistakes:</em></ins></span>
+nonfree software <span class="removed"><del><strong>slip</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>that slipped</em></ins></span> through, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>and we</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>etc. We</em></ins></span> don't reject a
+distribution <span class="removed"><del><strong>just for
that.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>over
mistakes.</em></ins></span> Our requirement is for the distribution
+developers to have a firm commitment to promptly correct any mistakes
+that are reported to them.</p>
+
+<h3 id="maintenance">Maintenance</h3>
+
+<p>To be listed, a distribution should be actively maintained,
+and should give the GNU Project a clear and specific way to report problems
+of nonfree software that we find out about. It should also
+inform us when the problems we have reported are fixed.</p>
+
+<h3 id="name-confusion">Name Confusion</h3>
+
+<p>We will not list a distribution whose name makes confusion with
+nonfree distributions likely. For example, if Foobar Light is a free
+distribution and Foobar is a nonfree distribution, we will not list
+Foobar Light. This is because we expect that the distinction between
+the two would be lost in the process of communicating the message.</p>
+
+<h3 id="upstream">Contacting Upstream If You're Downstream</h3>
+
+<p>For distro developers (or anyone else) who have sent an important bug
+report for a GNU package: if it has gone unheeded by the package
+maintainer after a reasonable time (please allow at least two weeks),
+you can escalate the bug by writing to <address@hidden>.
+This is especially warranted if you can't find evidence of recent
+activity by the package maintainer.</p>
+
+<h3 id="teaching">Please Teach Users about Free Software</h3>
+
+<p>To establish lasting freedom, just giving users freedom isn't
+sufficient. It is necessary also to teach them to understand what it
+means and to demand it. Thus, we suggest and urge that free distros
+announce prominently on the screen, before login and on the default
+desktop after login, a prominent statement about freedom, such as
+“This system is freedom-respecting free/libre software” or
+something comparable, and to present a link or icon pointing at
+gnu.org or gnu.org/philosophy for further information about the
+issue.</p>
+
+<h3 id="final-notes">Final Notes</h3>
+
+<p>We maintain a list of the <a
href="/distros/free-distros.html">free
+system distributions</a> we know about. If you know about a free
+distribution that isn't listed there, please ask its developers write
+to <<a class="reference"
+href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>> with a
description of
+their system and a link to their web page.</p>
+
+<p>Our list consists of systems based on GNU which acknowledge that
+they are based on GNU. At present, we know of no other systems
+that would qualify. If someday there is one, we will list it,
+but not necessarily in same way.</p>
+
+<p>If you have questions or comments about these guidelines
+themselves, feel free to send those to <<a class="reference"
+href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>>. We hope
+that they help everyone better understand the issues that are important
+for free system distributions, and we look forward to promoting more
+of them in the future.</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p>Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2014/01/31 13:00:51 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
Index: distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br-diff.html
diff -N distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.pt-br-diff.html 31 Jan
2014 13:00:51 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
+<title>Guidelines for Free System Distributions - GNU Project - Free
Software Foundation</title>
+<link rel="alternate" title="Free GNU/Linux distributions"
+ href="http://www.gnu.org/distros/distros.rss";
+ type="application/rss+xml" />
+<!--#include
virtual="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Guidelines for Free System Distributions</h2>
+
+<h3 id="introduction">Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>The purpose of these guidelines is to explain what it means for an
+installable system distribution (such as a GNU/Linux distribution) to
+qualify as free, and help distribution developers make their
+distributions qualify.</p>
+
+<p>These guidelines are not complete. We have mentioned the issues we
+are aware of now, but we're sure there are more. We will add them
+when we come across them.</p>
+
+<p>We would like to thank the Fedora Project for their help in focusing
+these policies, and allowing us to use their own distribution license
+guidelines as a basis for this document.</p>
+
+<h3 id="complete-distros">Complete Distros</h3>
+
+<p>Our list of distributions is a guide for what to install in a
+computer. Therefore, it only includes distributions that are complete
+in themselves and ready to use. If a distribution is incomplete
+— if using it requires further work or presupposes installing
+other software as well — then it doesn't belong in this list,
+even if it is free software.</p>
+
+<h3 id="license-rules">License Rules</h3>
+
+<p>“Information for practical use”
+includes software, documentation, fonts, and other data that has
+direct functional applications. It does not include artistic works
+that have an aesthetic (rather than functional) purpose, or statements
+of opinion or judgment.</p>
+
+<p>All information for practical use in a free distribution must be
+available in source form. (“Source” means the form of the
+information that is preferred for making changes to it.)</p>
+
+<p>The information, and the source, must be provided under an
+appropriate free license. We list the ones we have evaluated
+on <a class="reference" href="/licenses/license-list.html">our license
+list</a>, with separate sections for licenses that are suitable for
+software, documentation, fonts, and other useful works. If such a
+work is released under multiple licenses, at least one of which is
+free, it can be included in the system; the system developers just
+need to follow the terms of the available free license(s) when they
+distribute and/or modify it.</p>
+
+<p>A free system distribution must not steer users towards obtaining
+any nonfree information for practical use, or encourage them to do so.
+The system should have no repositories for nonfree software and no
+specific recipes for installation of particular nonfree programs. Nor
+should the distribution refer to third-party repositories that are not
+committed to only including free software; even if they only have free
+software today, that may not be true tomorrow. Programs in the system
+should not suggest installing nonfree plugins, documentation, and so
+on.</p>
+
+<p>A free system distribution should be self-hosting. This means that
+you must be able to develop and build the system with tools that the
+system provides you. As a result, a free system distribution cannot
+include free software that can only be built by using nonfree
+software.</p>
+
+<p>There's a lot of code in most free system distributions today; the
+amount of effort it would take to audit it all directly is impractical
+for most teams. In the past, some nonfree code has accidentally been
+included in free system distributions. We don't de-list distributions
+because of this; instead, we only ask that a distribution put forth a
+good faith effort to avoid including nonfree software, and commit
+itself to removing such programs if they are discovered later.</p>
+
+<p>Certain kinds of license situations merit special attention for people
+creating or considering free software distributions; those are
+discussed in the sections below.</p>
+
+<h3 id="nonfree-firmware">Nonfree Firmware</h3>
+
+<p>Some applications and drivers require firmware to function, and
+sometimes that firmware is distributed only in object code form, under
+a nonfree license. We call these firmware programs
+“blobs.” On most GNU/Linux systems, you'll typically find
+these accompanying some drivers in the kernel Linux. Such firmware
+should be removed from a free system distribution.</p>
+
+<p>Blobs can take many forms. Sometimes, they will be provided in
+separate files. Other times, they may be incorporated into the source
+of the driver itself—for example, it could be encoded as a large
+array of numbers. But no matter how it's encoded, any nonfree
+firmware needs to be removed from a free system.</p>
+
+<p>(To be clear, not every array of numbers in a driver is firmware.
+It's important to understand the purpose of the data before deciding
+whether or not it's appropriate for a free system.)</p>
+
+<p>Brian Brazil, Jeff Moe, and Alexandre Oliva have developed a series
+of <a class="reference"
+href="http://www.fsfla.org/svn/fsfla/software/linux-libre/scripts/">scripts
+to remove nonfree firmware</a> from a stock version of the Linux kernel.
+You may find them helpful if you would like to develop your own free
+GNU/Linux distribution—although we recommend joining development
+of an existing free distro rather than fragmenting effort by starting a
+new one. The complete source for a blob-free version of the Linux
+kernel is also available; you can learn more about this project from the
+<a class="reference" href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux/">Free
+Software Directory</a>.</p>
+
+<h3 id="non-functional-data">Non-functional Data</h3>
+
+<p>Data that isn't functional, that doesn't do a practical job, is
+more of an adornment to the system's software than a part of it.
+Thus, we don't insist on the free license criteria for non-functional
+data. It can be included in a free system distribution as long as its
+license gives you permission to copy and redistribute, both for
+commercial and non-commercial purposes. For example, some game
+engines released under the GNU GPL have accompanying game
+information—a fictional world map, game graphics, and so
+on—released under such a verbatim-distribution license. This
+kind of data can be part of a free system distribution, even though
+its license does not qualify as free, because it is non-functional.</p>
+
+<h3 id="trademarks">Trademarks</h3>
+
+<p>Trademarks are associated with some software. For example, the
+name of a program may be trademarked, or its interface may display a
+trademarked logo. Often, the use of these marks will be controlled
+in some way; in particular, developers are commonly asked to remove
+references to the trademark from the software when they modify
+it.</p>
+
+<p>In extreme cases, these restrictions may effectively render the
+program nonfree. It is unfair for someone to ask you to remove a
+trademark from modified code if that trademark is scattered all
+throughout the original source. As long as the practical
+requirements are reasonable, however, free system distributions may
+include these programs, either with or without the trademarks.</p>
+
+<p>Similarly, the distribution itself may hold particular trademarks.
+It is not a problem if modification requires removal of these
+trademarks, as long as they can readily be removed without losing
+functionality.</p>
+
+<p>However, it is unacceptable to use trademarks to restrict verbatim
+copying and redistribution of the whole distribution, or any part.</p>
+
+<h3 id="documentation">Documentation</h3>
+
+<p>All the documentation in a free system distribution must be released
+under an appropriate free license. Additionally, it must take care
+not to recommend nonfree software.</p>
+
+<p>In general, something that helps people who already use nonfree
+software to use the free software better with it is acceptable, but
+something that encourages users of the free software to install
+nonfree software is not.</p>
+
+<p>For example, a free system distribution may have documentation for
+users setting up dual boot systems. It could explain how to access
+filesystems of the proprietary operating system, import settings
+from it, and so on. That would be helping people install a free
+system distribution on a machine which already has proprietary
+software, which is good.</p>
+
+<p>What would be unacceptable is for the documentation to give people
+instructions for installing a nonfree program on the system, or
+mention conveniences they might gain by doing so.</p>
+
+<p>For a borderline case, a clear and serious exhortation not to use the
+nonfree program would move it to the acceptable side of the line.</p>
+
+<h3 id="patents">Patents</h3>
+
+<p>It is effectively impossible for free software developers and
+distributors to know whether or not a given piece of software
+infringes any patents: there are too many of them, they vary from
+country to country, they're often worded so as to make it hard to tell
+what they do or don't cover, and it isn't easy to tell which ones are
+valid. Therefore, we don't generally ask free system distributions to
+exclude software because of possible threats from patents. On the
+other hand, we also don't object if a distributor chooses to omit some
+software in order to avoid patent risk.</p>
+
+<h3 <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="no-malware">No Malware</h3>
+
+<p>The distro must contain no DRM, no back doors, and no
spyware.</p>
+
+<h3</em></ins></span> id="mistakes">Commitment to Correct
Mistakes</h3>
+
+<p>Most distribution development teams don't have the resources to
+exhaustively check that their distribution meet all these criteria.
+Neither do we. So we expect <span
class="removed"><del><strong>developers</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>distros</em></ins></span> to occasionally <span
class="removed"><del><strong>make mistakes
+that let some</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>contain
mistakes:</em></ins></span>
+nonfree software <span class="removed"><del><strong>slip</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>that slipped</em></ins></span> through, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>and we</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>etc. We</em></ins></span> don't reject a
+distribution <span class="removed"><del><strong>just for
that.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>over
mistakes.</em></ins></span> Our requirement is for the distribution
+developers to have a firm commitment to promptly correct any mistakes
+that are reported to them.</p>
+
+<h3 id="maintenance">Maintenance</h3>
+
+<p>To be listed, a distribution should be actively maintained,
+and should give the GNU Project a clear and specific way to report problems
+of nonfree software that we find out about. It should also
+inform us when the problems we have reported are fixed.</p>
+
+<h3 id="name-confusion">Name Confusion</h3>
+
+<p>We will not list a distribution whose name makes confusion with
+nonfree distributions likely. For example, if Foobar Light is a free
+distribution and Foobar is a nonfree distribution, we will not list
+Foobar Light. This is because we expect that the distinction between
+the two would be lost in the process of communicating the message.</p>
+
+<h3 id="upstream">Contacting Upstream If You're Downstream</h3>
+
+<p>For distro developers (or anyone else) who have sent an important bug
+report for a GNU package: if it has gone unheeded by the package
+maintainer after a reasonable time (please allow at least two weeks),
+you can escalate the bug by writing to <address@hidden>.
+This is especially warranted if you can't find evidence of recent
+activity by the package maintainer.</p>
+
+<h3 id="teaching">Please Teach Users about Free Software</h3>
+
+<p>To establish lasting freedom, just giving users freedom isn't
+sufficient. It is necessary also to teach them to understand what it
+means and to demand it. Thus, we suggest and urge that free distros
+announce prominently on the screen, before login and on the default
+desktop after login, a prominent statement about freedom, such as
+“This system is freedom-respecting free/libre software” or
+something comparable, and to present a link or icon pointing at
+gnu.org or gnu.org/philosophy for further information about the
+issue.</p>
+
+<h3 id="final-notes">Final Notes</h3>
+
+<p>We maintain a list of the <a
href="/distros/free-distros.html">free
+system distributions</a> we know about. If you know about a free
+distribution that isn't listed there, please ask its developers write
+to <<a class="reference"
+href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>> with a
description of
+their system and a link to their web page.</p>
+
+<p>Our list consists of systems based on GNU which acknowledge that
+they are based on GNU. At present, we know of no other systems
+that would qualify. If someday there is one, we will list it,
+but not necessarily in same way.</p>
+
+<p>If you have questions or comments about these guidelines
+themselves, feel free to send those to <<a class="reference"
+href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>>. We hope
+that they help everyone better understand the issues that are important
+for free system distributions, and we look forward to promoting more
+of them in the future.</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p>Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2014/01/31 13:00:51 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
Index: distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro-diff.html
diff -N distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ro-diff.html 31 Jan 2014
13:00:51 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,337 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
+<title>Guidelines for Free System Distributions - GNU Project - Free
Software Foundation</title>
+<link rel="alternate" title="Free GNU/Linux distributions"
+ href="http://www.gnu.org/distros/distros.rss";
+ type="application/rss+xml" />
+<!--#include
virtual="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Guidelines for Free System Distributions</h2>
+
+<h3 id="introduction">Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>The purpose of these guidelines is to explain what it means for an
+installable system distribution (such as a GNU/Linux distribution) to
+qualify as free, and help distribution developers make their
+distributions qualify.</p>
+
+<p>These guidelines are not complete. We have mentioned the issues we
+are aware of now, but we're sure there are more. We will add them
+when we come across them.</p>
+
+<p>We would like to thank the Fedora Project for their help in focusing
+these policies, and allowing us to use their own distribution license
+guidelines as a basis for this document.</p>
+
+<h3 id="complete-distros">Complete Distros</h3>
+
+<p>Our list of distributions is a guide for what to install in a
+computer. Therefore, it only includes distributions that are complete
+in themselves and ready to use. If a distribution is incomplete
+— if using it requires further work or presupposes installing
+other software as well — then it doesn't belong in this list,
+even if it is free software.</p>
+
+<h3 id="license-rules">License Rules</h3>
+
+<p>“Information for practical use”
+includes software, documentation, fonts, and other data that has
+direct functional applications. It does not include artistic works
+that have an aesthetic (rather than functional) purpose, or statements
+of opinion or judgment.</p>
+
+<p>All information for practical use in a free distribution must be
+available in source form. (“Source” means the form of the
+information that is preferred for making changes to it.)</p>
+
+<p>The information, and the source, must be provided under an
+appropriate free license. We list the ones we have evaluated
+on <a class="reference" href="/licenses/license-list.html">our license
+list</a>, with separate sections for licenses that are suitable for
+software, documentation, fonts, and other useful works. If such a
+work is released under multiple licenses, at least one of which is
+free, it can be included in the system; the system developers just
+need to follow the terms of the available free license(s) when they
+distribute and/or modify it.</p>
+
+<p>A free system distribution must not steer users towards obtaining
+any nonfree information for practical use, or encourage them to do so.
+The system should have no repositories for nonfree software and no
+specific recipes for installation of particular nonfree programs. Nor
+should the distribution refer to third-party repositories that are not
+committed to only including free software; even if they only have free
+software today, that may not be true tomorrow. Programs in the system
+should not suggest installing nonfree plugins, documentation, and so
+on.</p>
+
+<p>A free system distribution should be self-hosting. This means that
+you must be able to develop and build the system with tools that the
+system provides you. As a result, a free system distribution cannot
+include free software that can only be built by using nonfree
+software.</p>
+
+<p>There's a lot of code in most free system distributions today; the
+amount of effort it would take to audit it all directly is impractical
+for most teams. In the past, some nonfree code has accidentally been
+included in free system distributions. We don't de-list distributions
+because of this; instead, we only ask that a distribution put forth a
+good faith effort to avoid including nonfree software, and commit
+itself to removing such programs if they are discovered later.</p>
+
+<p>Certain kinds of license situations merit special attention for people
+creating or considering free software distributions; those are
+discussed in the sections below.</p>
+
+<h3 id="nonfree-firmware">Nonfree Firmware</h3>
+
+<p>Some applications and drivers require firmware to function, and
+sometimes that firmware is distributed only in object code form, under
+a nonfree license. We call these firmware programs
+“blobs.” On most GNU/Linux systems, you'll typically find
+these accompanying some drivers in the kernel Linux. Such firmware
+should be removed from a free system distribution.</p>
+
+<p>Blobs can take many forms. Sometimes, they will be provided in
+separate files. Other times, they may be incorporated into the source
+of the driver itself—for example, it could be encoded as a large
+array of numbers. But no matter how it's encoded, any nonfree
+firmware needs to be removed from a free system.</p>
+
+<p>(To be clear, not every array of numbers in a driver is firmware.
+It's important to understand the purpose of the data before deciding
+whether or not it's appropriate for a free system.)</p>
+
+<p>Brian Brazil, Jeff Moe, and Alexandre Oliva have developed a series
+of <a class="reference"
+href="http://www.fsfla.org/svn/fsfla/software/linux-libre/scripts/">scripts
+to remove nonfree firmware</a> from a stock version of the Linux kernel.
+You may find them helpful if you would like to develop your own free
+GNU/Linux distribution—although we recommend joining development
+of an existing free distro rather than fragmenting effort by starting a
+new one. The complete source for a blob-free version of the Linux
+kernel is also available; you can learn more about this project from the
+<a class="reference" href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux/">Free
+Software Directory</a>.</p>
+
+<h3 id="non-functional-data">Non-functional Data</h3>
+
+<p>Data that isn't functional, that doesn't do a practical job, is
+more of an adornment to the system's software than a part of it.
+Thus, we don't insist on the free license criteria for non-functional
+data. It can be included in a free system distribution as long as its
+license gives you permission to copy and redistribute, both for
+commercial and non-commercial purposes. For example, some game
+engines released under the GNU GPL have accompanying game
+information—a fictional world map, game graphics, and so
+on—released under such a verbatim-distribution license. This
+kind of data can be part of a free system distribution, even though
+its license does not qualify as free, because it is non-functional.</p>
+
+<h3 id="trademarks">Trademarks</h3>
+
+<p>Trademarks are associated with some software. For example, the
+name of a program may be trademarked, or its interface may display a
+trademarked logo. Often, the use of these marks will be controlled
+in some way; in particular, developers are commonly asked to remove
+references to the trademark from the software when they modify
+it.</p>
+
+<p>In extreme cases, these restrictions may effectively render the
+program nonfree. It is unfair for someone to ask you to remove a
+trademark from modified code if that trademark is scattered all
+throughout the original source. As long as the practical
+requirements are reasonable, however, free system distributions may
+include these programs, either with or without the trademarks.</p>
+
+<p>Similarly, the distribution itself may hold particular trademarks.
+It is not a problem if modification requires removal of these
+trademarks, as long as they can readily be removed without losing
+functionality.</p>
+
+<p>However, it is unacceptable to use trademarks to restrict verbatim
+copying and redistribution of the whole distribution, or any part.</p>
+
+<h3 id="documentation">Documentation</h3>
+
+<p>All the documentation in a free system distribution must be released
+under an appropriate free license. Additionally, it must take care
+not to recommend nonfree software.</p>
+
+<p>In general, something that helps people who already use nonfree
+software to use the free software better with it is acceptable, but
+something that encourages users of the free software to install
+nonfree software is not.</p>
+
+<p>For example, a free system distribution may have documentation for
+users setting up dual boot systems. It could explain how to access
+filesystems of the proprietary operating system, import settings
+from it, and so on. That would be helping people install a free
+system distribution on a machine which already has proprietary
+software, which is good.</p>
+
+<p>What would be unacceptable is for the documentation to give people
+instructions for installing a nonfree program on the system, or
+mention conveniences they might gain by doing so.</p>
+
+<p>For a borderline case, a clear and serious exhortation not to use the
+nonfree program would move it to the acceptable side of the line.</p>
+
+<h3 id="patents">Patents</h3>
+
+<p>It is effectively impossible for free software developers and
+distributors to know whether or not a given piece of software
+infringes any patents: there are too many of them, they vary from
+country to country, they're often worded so as to make it hard to tell
+what they do or don't cover, and it isn't easy to tell which ones are
+valid. Therefore, we don't generally ask free system distributions to
+exclude software because of possible threats from patents. On the
+other hand, we also don't object if a distributor chooses to omit some
+software in order to avoid patent risk.</p>
+
+<h3 <span class="inserted"><ins><em>id="no-malware">No Malware</h3>
+
+<p>The distro must contain no DRM, no back doors, and no
spyware.</p>
+
+<h3</em></ins></span> id="mistakes">Commitment to Correct
Mistakes</h3>
+
+<p>Most distribution development teams don't have the resources to
+exhaustively check that their distribution meet all these criteria.
+Neither do we. So we expect <span
class="removed"><del><strong>developers</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>distros</em></ins></span> to occasionally <span
class="removed"><del><strong>make mistakes
+that let some</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>contain
mistakes:</em></ins></span>
+nonfree software <span class="removed"><del><strong>slip</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>that slipped</em></ins></span> through, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>and we</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>etc. We</em></ins></span> don't reject a
+distribution <span class="removed"><del><strong>just for
that.</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>over
mistakes.</em></ins></span> Our requirement is for the distribution
+developers to have a firm commitment to promptly correct any mistakes
+that are reported to them.</p>
+
+<h3 id="maintenance">Maintenance</h3>
+
+<p>To be listed, a distribution should be actively maintained,
+and should give the GNU Project a clear and specific way to report problems
+of nonfree software that we find out about. It should also
+inform us when the problems we have reported are fixed.</p>
+
+<h3 id="name-confusion">Name Confusion</h3>
+
+<p>We will not list a distribution whose name makes confusion with
+nonfree distributions likely. For example, if Foobar Light is a free
+distribution and Foobar is a nonfree distribution, we will not list
+Foobar Light. This is because we expect that the distinction between
+the two would be lost in the process of communicating the message.</p>
+
+<h3 id="upstream">Contacting Upstream If You're Downstream</h3>
+
+<p>For distro developers (or anyone else) who have sent an important bug
+report for a GNU package: if it has gone unheeded by the package
+maintainer after a reasonable time (please allow at least two weeks),
+you can escalate the bug by writing to <address@hidden>.
+This is especially warranted if you can't find evidence of recent
+activity by the package maintainer.</p>
+
+<h3 id="teaching">Please Teach Users about Free Software</h3>
+
+<p>To establish lasting freedom, just giving users freedom isn't
+sufficient. It is necessary also to teach them to understand what it
+means and to demand it. Thus, we suggest and urge that free distros
+announce prominently on the screen, before login and on the default
+desktop after login, a prominent statement about freedom, such as
+“This system is freedom-respecting free/libre software” or
+something comparable, and to present a link or icon pointing at
+gnu.org or gnu.org/philosophy for further information about the
+issue.</p>
+
+<h3 id="final-notes">Final Notes</h3>
+
+<p>We maintain a list of the <a
href="/distros/free-distros.html">free
+system distributions</a> we know about. If you know about a free
+distribution that isn't listed there, please ask its developers write
+to <<a class="reference"
+href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>> with a
description of
+their system and a link to their web page.</p>
+
+<p>Our list consists of systems based on GNU which acknowledge that
+they are based on GNU. At present, we know of no other systems
+that would qualify. If someday there is one, we will list it,
+but not necessarily in same way.</p>
+
+<p>If you have questions or comments about these guidelines
+themselves, feel free to send those to <<a class="reference"
+href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>>. We hope
+that they help everyone better understand the issues that are important
+for free system distributions, and we look forward to promoting more
+of them in the future.</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p>Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2014/01/31 13:00:51 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
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