www/philosophy motivation.html

[Dora Scilipoti]

CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     Dora Scilipoti <dora>   14/01/11 09:29:48

Modified files:
        philosophy     : motivation.html 

Log message:
        Change copyright notice to Alfie Kohn; add verbatim notice (RT 
#882212). Convert to boilerplate 1.75. Minor cleanups.

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/motivation.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=1.18

Patches:
Index: motivation.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/motivation.html,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- motivation.html     11 Jan 2014 09:02:02 -0000      1.17
+++ motivation.html     11 Jan 2014 09:29:47 -0000      1.18
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
-<title>Studies Find Reward Often No Motivator - GNU Project - Free Software 
Foundation (FSF)</title>
-<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 -->
+<title>Studies Find Reward Often No Motivator - GNU Project - Free Software 
Foundation</title>
+
 <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/motivation.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+
 <h2>Studies Find Reward Often No Motivator</h2>
 
 <h3>Creativity and intrinsic interest diminish if task is done for gain</h3>
@@ -11,9 +14,8 @@
 <br />
 Special to the Boston Globe
 <br />
-[reprinted with permission of the author from the Monday, 19 January
-1987, Boston Globe.  Also granted translation rights by kind courtesy
-of the author in 2003.  ed.]</p>
+[Reprinted with permission of the author from the Monday 19 January
+1987 Boston Globe.]</p>
 
 <p>
 In the laboratory, rats get Rice Krispies.  In the classroom the top
@@ -28,13 +30,10 @@
 involves creativity.</p>
 
 <p>
-A related series of studies shows that intrinsic interest in a task
-&mdash; the sense that something is worth doing for its own sake
-&mdash; typically declines when someone is rewarded for doing it.</p>
+A related series of studies shows that intrinsic interest in a task&mdash;the 
sense that something is worth doing for its own sake&mdash;typically declines 
when someone is rewarded for doing it.</p>
 
 <p>
-If a reward &mdash; money, awards, praise, or winning a contest
-&mdash; comes to be seen as the reason one is engaging in an activity,
+If a reward&mdash;money, awards, praise, or winning a contest&mdash;comes to 
be seen as the reason one is engaging in an activity,
 that activity will be viewed as less enjoyable in its own right.</p>
 
 <p>
@@ -113,7 +112,7 @@
 University of Mississippi, cautions that this does not mean
 behaviorism itself has been invalidated.  &ldquo;The basic principles
 of reinforcement and rewards certainly work, but in a restricted
-context&rdquo; &mdash; restricted, that is, to tasks that are not
+context&rdquo; &mdash;restricted, that is, to tasks that are not
 especially interesting.</p>
 
 <p>
@@ -155,11 +154,9 @@
 
 <p>
 There is general agreement, however, that not all rewards have the
-same effect.  Offering a flat fee for participating in an experiment
-&mdash; similar to an hourly wage in the workplace &mdash; usually
+same effect.  Offering a flat fee for participating in an experiment&mdash; 
similar to an hourly wage in the workplace&mdash;usually
 does not reduce intrinsic motivation.  It is only when the rewards are
-based on performing a given task or doing a good job at it &mdash;
-analogous to piece-rate payment and bonuses, respectively &mdash; that
+based on performing a given task or doing a good job at it&mdash;analogous to 
piece-rate payment and bonuses, respectively&mdash;that
 the problem develops.</p>
 
 <p>
@@ -175,7 +172,7 @@
 and received the money, but he told them he could only pay 25 cents on
 Wednesday.  When they returned, insulted him again and collected their
 quarters, he informed them that Thursday's rate would be just a penny.
-&ldquo;Forget it,&rdquo; they said &mdash; and never taunted him
+&ldquo;Forget it,&rdquo; they said &mdash;and never taunted him
 again.</p>
 
 <h3 id="sec2">Means to an end</h3>
@@ -212,77 +209,71 @@
 Creative work, the research suggests, cannot be forced, but only
 allowed to happen.</p>
 
-<p>
-Alfie Kohn, a Cambridge, MA writer, is the author of &ldquo;No
+<hr />
+
+<p><em>Alfie Kohn, a Cambridge, MA writer, is the author of &ldquo;No
 Contest: The Case Against Competition,&rdquo; published by Houghton
 Mifflin Co., Boston, MA.  ISBN 0-395-39387-6.  For more information on
 this topic, see the author's website (www.alfiekohn.org) and his book
-PUNISHED BY REWARDS (rev. ed., Houghton Mifflin, 1999).</p>
-
-</div>
+PUNISHED BY REWARDS (rev. ed., Houghton Mifflin, 1999).</em></p>
 
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
 <!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
 <div id="footer">
 
-<p>
-Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to 
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
+<p>Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.
 There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> 
-the FSF.
-<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
-<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-</p>
+the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
 
-<p>
-Please see the 
-<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
-README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
-translations of this article.
-</p>
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+        replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+        We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+        translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+        Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+        to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
+        &lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
+
+        <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+        our web pages, see <a
+        href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+        README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+     files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+     be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US.  Please do NOT change or remove this
+     without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+     Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+     document.  For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+     document was modified, or published.
+     
+     If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+     Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+     years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+     year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+     being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+     
+     There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+     Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright &copy; 1987 Alfie Kohn.</p>
+
+<p>Verbatim copying and distribution is permitted in any medium
+provided this notice is preserved.</p>
 
 <p>
 Updated:
 <!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/01/11 09:02:02 $
+$Date: 2014/01/11 09:29:47 $
 <!-- timestamp end -->
 </p>
 </div>
-
-<!-- <div id="translations"> -->
-<!-- <h4>Translations of this page</h4> -->
-<!--  -->
-<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical. -->
-<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German. -->
-<!-- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text. -->
-<!-- If you add a new language here, please -->
-<!-- advise address@hidden and add it to -->
-<!--  - /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
-<!--  - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
-<!--  - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
-<!--  - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
-<!--  to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
-<!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right, cf. -->
-<!-- <URL:http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm> -->
-<!-- Please use W3C normative character entities. -->
-<!--  -->
-<!-- <ul class="translations-list"> -->
-<!-- English -->
-<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/motivation.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</li> -->
-<!-- Spanish -->
-<!-- <li><a 
href="/philosophy/motivation.es.html">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>&nbsp;[es]</li> -->
-<!-- French -->
-<!-- <li><a 
href="/philosophy/motivation.fr.html">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>&nbsp;[fr]</li> -->
-<!-- Italian -->
-<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/motivation.it.html">Italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</li> 
-->
-<!-- Polish -->
-<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/motivation.pl.html">polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</li> -->
-<!-- Chinese(Simplified) -->
-<!-- <li><a 
href="/philosophy/motivation.zh-cn.html">&#x7b80;&#x4f53;&#x4e2d;&#x6587;</a>&nbsp;[zh-cn]</li>
 -->
-<!-- Chinese(Traditional) -->
-<!-- <li><a 
href="/philosophy/motivation.zh-tw.html">&#x7e41;&#x9ad4;&#x4e2d;&#x6587;</a>&nbsp;[zh-tw]</li>
 -->
-<!-- </ul> -->
-<!-- </div> -->
 </div>
 </body>
 </html>