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www/philosophy/po kragen-software.ru.po
From: |
Pavel Kharitonov |
Subject: |
www/philosophy/po kragen-software.ru.po |
Date: |
Tue, 24 Dec 2013 06:55:53 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Pavel Kharitonov <ineiev> 13/12/24 06:55:53
Added files:
philosophy/po : kragen-software.ru.po
Log message:
New translation.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/kragen-software.ru.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: kragen-software.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: kragen-software.ru.po
diff -N kragen-software.ru.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ kragen-software.ru.po 24 Dec 2013 06:55:51 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,481 @@
+# Russian translation of http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/kragen-software.html
+# Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Ineiev <address@hidden>, 2013
+# nebuhada <address@hidden>, 2013 (proofreading)
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: kragen-software.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-12-10 06:28+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-12-14 17:17+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Ineiev <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: ru\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"People, places, things and ideas - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑди, меÑÑа, веÑи и мÑÑли - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд
Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного "
+"обеÑпеÑениÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "People, places, things and ideas"
+msgstr "ÐÑди, меÑÑа, веÑи и мÑÑли"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"by <strong>Kragen Sitaker <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><"
+"address@hidden></a></strong>"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑейген СиÑÐµÐ¹ÐºÐµÑ <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden>"
+"</a>"
+
+# type: Attribute 'title' of: <link>
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Software"
+msgstr "ÐÑогÑаммÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Software is ideas. Information. It's different from people, places, and "
+"things; it's infinitely reduplicable like fire, at almost no cost. This is "
+"a truism, even a cliche. But it seems that there are particular "
+"consequences that aren't well-explored."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — ÑÑо мÑÑли. ÐнÑоÑмаÑиÑ.
ÐÑо не Ñо, ÑÑо лÑди, меÑÑа и "
+"веÑи; иÑ
можно беÑконеÑно воÑпÑоизводиÑÑ,
как огонÑ, поÑÑи беÑплаÑно. ÐÑо "
+"баналÑно, ÑÑо даже ÑÑало ÑÑампом. Ðо еÑÑÑ,
поÑ
оже, конкÑеÑнÑе ÑледÑÑвиÑ, "
+"коÑоÑÑе изÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑаÑоÑно Ñ
оÑоÑо."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One is that it doesn't work well to sell it the way you sell slaves, places, "
+"and things; any of your customers can make an unbounded number of copies at "
+"cost, or less. Market friction currently makes selling software a viable "
+"business model. Perhaps branding does, too; there's a question as to "
+"whether Red Hat sells CDs for $50 because people like Red Hat's brand, or "
+"just because they don't know they can buy essentially the same CD from "
+"CheapBytes for $2."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðдно Ñакое ÑледÑÑвие — ÑÑо пÑогÑаммÑ
не пÑодаÑÑÑÑ Ñак же Ñ
оÑоÑо, "
+"как ÑабÑ, меÑÑа и веÑи; лÑбой из
покÑпаÑелей Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ ÑделаÑÑ Ð±ÐµÑÑÑеÑное
ÑиÑло "
+"копий за ÑÑ Ð¶Ðµ ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ деÑевле. Ð
наÑÑоÑÑее вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑнка Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ "
+"пÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамм ÑеалиÑÑиÑной ÑÑ
емой
пÑедпÑиÑÑиÑ. Ðозможно, ÑÑо Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¸ "
+"Ñеклама: неизвеÑÑно, покÑпаÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ лÑди
компакÑ-диÑки Red Hat "
+"по 50 доллаÑов поÑомÑ, ÑÑо им нÑавиÑÑÑ
маÑка Red Hat, или "
+"пÑоÑÑо поÑомÑ, ÑÑо они не знаÑÑ, ÑÑо могÑÑ
кÑпиÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑÑи ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¶Ðµ компакÑ-"
+"диÑк в деÑевом магазине за 2 доллаÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The past and the present"
+msgstr "ÐÑоÑлое и наÑÑоÑÑее"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The traditional way to deal with this is to lock ideas up inside people, "
+"places, and things. A lawyer can get quite a bit of money simply for "
+"spitting out the appropriate ideas, not doing any actual creative work, or "
+"simply for applying rote procedures — most wills reportedly fall in "
+"this category. I have to go to the Georgia O'Keeffe Museum to see old "
+"Georgia's paintings, because they don't allow photography. Then they can "
+"charge me admission. (Great museum, by the way. If you go there, don't get "
+"the four-day pass; their collection is rather small.) A book can be sold "
+"for more than the cost of printing it because the ideas are difficult to "
+"separate from their physical manifestation."
+msgstr ""
+"ТÑадиÑионнÑй ÑпоÑоб обÑаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñо вÑем
ÑÑим — запиÑаÑÑ Ð¼ÑÑли "
+"внÑÑÑи лÑдей, меÑÑ Ð¸ веÑей. ЮÑиÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ
полÑÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑднÑÑ ÑÑÐ¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо за "
+"Ñо, ÑÑо вÑдаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñ
одÑÑие мÑÑли, не
вÑполнÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ð¹ по-наÑÑоÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"ÑвоÑÑеÑкой ÑабоÑÑ, или за Ñо, ÑÑо пÑоÑÑо
пÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¼ÐµÑ
аниÑеÑкие "
+"пÑоÑедÑÑÑ — по ÑообÑениÑм, в ÑÑÑ
каÑегоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿Ð°Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑинÑÑво "
+"завеÑаний. Я вÑнÑжден идÑи в мÑзей
ÐжоÑджии Ð'ÐиÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑмоÑÑеÑÑ ÑÑаÑÑе "
+"каÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ ÐжоÑджии, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо они не
ÑазÑеÑаÑÑ ÑоÑогÑаÑиÑоваÑÑ. Ð Ñогда они "
+"могÑÑ Ð²Ð·ÑÑÑ Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð·Ð° вÑ
од. (ÐÑлиÑнÑй
мÑзей, Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑим. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"ÑÑда пойдеÑе, не беÑиÑе Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð°
ÑеÑÑÑе днÑ; ÑкÑпозиÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñно мала.) "
+"ÐÐ½Ð¸Ð³Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ пÑодаÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ñоже ÑÑоимоÑÑи
пеÑаÑи, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо мÑÑли ÑÑÑдно "
+"оÑделиÑÑ Ð¾Ñ Ð¸Ñ
ÑизиÑеÑкого пÑоÑвлениÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Software makes it much easier to separate ideas from people, places, and "
+"things. If I buy my computer to send email with, and I want to make "
+"fractals, I don't have to buy a new fractal machine. I just have to "
+"download some fractal software. If I want to calculate the yield force of a "
+"strut, I don't have to hire a structural engineer; I can download some <abbr "
+"title=\"Finite element analysis\">FEA</abbr> software and simulate stressing "
+"it until it yields. I don't have to go to a museum to look at my neighbor's "
+"fractals; I can just pull them up on my screen. (Once I download them, of "
+"course.)"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑилÑно облегÑаÑÑ Ð¾Ñделение
мÑÑлей Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ñдей, меÑÑ Ð¸ веÑей. ÐÑли Ñ "
+"кÑпил компÑÑÑеÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑлаÑÑ Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾
ÑлекÑÑоннÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑ, и Ñ
оÑÑ ÑÑÑоиÑÑ "
+"ÑÑакÑалÑ, мне не нÑжно покÑпаÑÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ
ÑÑакÑалÑнÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑинÑ. Ðне нÑжно ÑолÑко "
+"доÑÑаÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÑÑ-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ
ÑÑакÑалов. ÐÑли Ñ Ñ
оÑÑ ÑаÑÑÑиÑаÑÑ "
+"пÑеделÑнÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð³ÑÑÐ·ÐºÑ Ð½Ð° ÑваÑ, мне не надо
нанимаÑÑ ÑпеÑиалиÑÑа по ÑопÑомаÑÑ; "
+"Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавиÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÑÑ-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ
анализа конеÑнÑÑ
ÑлеменÑов и "
+"моделиÑоваÑÑ ÑоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð³ÑÑзки до ÑеÑ
поÑ,
пока опоÑа не ÑазÑÑÑиÑÑÑ. Ðне не надо "
+"идÑи в мÑзей, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑмоÑÑеÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑакÑалÑ
моего ÑоÑеда; Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо "
+"вÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
на Ñвой ÑкÑан. (ÐоÑле Ñого, как
Ñ Ð¸Ñ
полÑÑил, конеÑно.)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "This is a spectacular change."
+msgstr "ÐÑо гÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð¸Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑемена."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Software locked up: the future?"
+msgstr "ÐÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð° запоÑе: ÑÑо далÑÑе?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And it was the nature of computer applications, in general, until recently. "
+"But now we have the Web, and people are talking a lot about application-"
+"specific embedded computers. Suddenly people can deliver applications like "
+"the ones they used to deliver as computer software, but they can lock up the "
+"software — the ideas — inside places and things."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð Ñак обÑÑоÑло дело в вÑÑиÑлиÑелÑной ÑеÑ
нике, в обÑем и Ñелом, до недавнего "
+"вÑемени. Ðо ÑейÑÐ°Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÐнÑеÑÐ½ÐµÑ Ð¸
лÑди много говоÑÑÑ Ð¾ "
+"ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑÑ
вÑÑÑоеннÑÑ
компÑÑÑеÑаÑ
. Ðнезапно лÑди полÑÑили "
+"возможноÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑиложениÑ
наподобие ÑеÑ
, ÑÑо они пÑивÑкли поÑÑавлÑÑÑ "
+"как компÑÑÑеÑнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, но они могÑÑ
запеÑеÑÑ ÑÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — "
+"ÑÑи мÑÑли — внÑÑÑи меÑÑ Ð¸ веÑей."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"As an example, I have a CD-ROM containing aggregated US phone listings. "
+"Given sufficient time and expertise, I can extract these phone listings and "
+"put them up on a web site. (I need to reverse-engineer the database "
+"structure they're stored in first.) I can run correlation tests to see if "
+"people with certain last names tend to have more biased exchange "
+"distributions within a city. (Which would indicate that they lived close to "
+"their families, perhaps, or that the city was ethnically segregated.) I can "
+"find out which spelling of Cathy is most popular (Kathy? Cathi?), and I can "
+"see if people's choices of spellings of Cathy are correlated with their last "
+"names."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐапÑимеÑ, Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°ÐºÑ-диÑк Ñо
ÑбоÑником ÑелеÑоннÑÑ
ÑпÑавоÑников СШÐ. "
+"ÐÑи доÑÑаÑоÑном опÑÑе и вÑемени Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ
извлеÑÑ ÑпиÑки номеÑов и ÑазмеÑÑиÑÑ "
+"иÑ
на ÑайÑе. (СнаÑала мне нÑжно вÑÑиÑлиÑÑ
ÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑÑ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ
, в коÑоÑой "
+"они Ñ
ÑанÑÑÑÑ.) Я Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð¿ÑоводиÑÑ
ÑÑаÑиÑÑиÑеÑкий анализ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÑ, не "
+"ÑкапливаÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ лÑди Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑеделеннÑми
ÑамилиÑми в опÑеделеннÑÑ
ÑаÑÑÑÑ
гоÑода. "
+"(ÐÑо показало бÑ, ÑÑо они, возможно, живÑÑ
Ð½ÐµÐ¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ð»ÐµÐºÑ Ð¾Ñ ÑвоиÑ
Ñемей, или "
+"ÑÑо гоÑод Ñазделен по ÑÑниÑеÑкомÑ
пÑизнакÑ.) Я Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑниÑÑ, какое "
+"напиÑание имени ТимÑÑ (ТемÑÑ, ТимеÑ)
наиболее попÑлÑÑно, и поÑмоÑÑеÑÑ, как "
+"ÑвÑзан вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑианÑа имени Ñ Ñамилией
Ñеловека."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There are also several web sites containing the same set of phone listings, "
+"or newer versions. I can't do any of these things with these web sites, "
+"because the phone listings — an idea — are locked up in the web "
+"site — a place or a thing, depending on how you look at it."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑоме Ñого, еÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑколÑко ÑайÑов Ñ Ñем же
набоÑом ÑпиÑков номеÑов или Ñ "
+"обновленнÑми веÑÑиÑми. С ÑÑими ÑайÑами Ñ
ниÑего из ÑÑого делаÑÑ Ð½Ðµ могÑ, "
+"поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑпиÑки номеÑов —
Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ — запеÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
+"ÑайÑе — в меÑÑе или в веÑи, в
завиÑимоÑÑи Ð¾Ñ Ñого, как на ÑÑо "
+"поÑмоÑÑеÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another tack is to lock information up in things. The <abbr title="
+"\"National Security Agency\">NSA</abbr>'s Skipjack algorithm was classified "
+"for several years; implementations were widely available, but only in "
+"special hardened devices. This allowed them to deploy it widely behind the "
+"iron curtain that surrounds classified research, and they intended to deploy "
+"it widely in the outside world, too. (So far, I'm outside that curtain.) "
+"Recently, circumstances forced them to distribute software implementations "
+"of Skipjack, and so they declassified it. (See <a href=\"http://www."
+"schneier.com/crypto-gram-9807.html#skip\">http://www.schneier.com/crypto-"
+"gram-9807.html#skip</a> for more.)"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑгой ÑпоÑоб — запиÑаÑÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑоÑмаÑиÑ
в веÑаÑ
. Skipjack, алгоÑиÑм "
+"NSA, неÑколÑко Ð»ÐµÑ Ð±Ñл гоÑÑдаÑÑÑвенной
Ñайной; ÑеализаÑии бÑли вполне "
+"доÑÑÑпнÑ, но ÑолÑко в оÑобÑÑ
заÑиÑеннÑÑ
ÑÑÑÑойÑÑваÑ
. ÐÑо позволÑло им ÑиÑоко "
+"внедÑÑÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ за железнÑм занавеÑом,
коÑоÑÑй окÑÑÐ¶Ð°ÐµÑ ÑекÑеÑнÑе иÑÑледованиÑ, "
+"и они ÑобиÑалиÑÑ ÑиÑоко внедÑÑÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ и во
внеÑнем миÑе (Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ° ÑÑо наÑ
ожÑÑÑ "
+"вне занавеÑа). Ðедавно обÑÑоÑÑелÑÑÑва
вÑнÑдили иÑ
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммнÑе "
+"ÑеализаÑии алгоÑиÑма, Ñак ÑÑо они его
ÑаÑÑекÑеÑили (подÑобноÑÑи Ñм. на <a "
+"href=\"http://www.schneier.com/crypto-gram-9807.html#skip\">http://www."
+"schneier.com/crypto-gram-9807.html#skip</a>)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Why I don't like this"
+msgstr "ЧÑо мне в ÑÑом не нÑавиÑÑÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Having the phone book myself gives me more freedom. On the other hand, it "
+"also requires me to install software on my machine, giving that software "
+"some degree of control over my machine. In this particular case, the "
+"software runs under Win95, so it demands complete control over my machine. "
+"So it's actually considerably more convenient for me to just visit the web "
+"page and fill out a form to look up someone's phone number."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑли Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñамого еÑÑÑ ÑелеÑоннÑй
ÑпÑавоÑник, ÑÑо Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ болÑÑе ÑвободÑ. "
+"С дÑÑгой ÑÑоÑонÑ, Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑого мне нÑжно
Ñакже ÑÑÑановиÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, пеÑÐµÐ´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÑой пÑогÑамме
некоÑоÑÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ моей "
+"маÑиной. Ð ÑÑом конкÑеÑном ÑлÑÑае
пÑогÑамма ÑабоÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ ÑпÑавлением "
+"Windows, Ñак ÑÑо ÑÑо ÑÑебÑÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ конÑÑолÑ
над моей маÑиной. Так ÑÑо на "
+"Ñамом деле мне гоÑаздо Ñдобнее пÑоÑÑо
зайÑи на ÑÐ°Ð¹Ñ Ð¸ заполниÑÑ ÑоÑмÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ "
+"найÑи Ñей-Ñо номеÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Information in things is also considerably more convenient than information "
+"in software; a special-purpose thing is often considerably easier to use for "
+"that purpose than a general-purpose computer is. Because of this, many "
+"industry pundits have been forecasting that general-purpose computers will "
+"fall out of use in favor of special-purpose devices."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐнÑоÑмаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² веÑаÑ
Ñакже замеÑно Ñдобнее,
Ñем инÑоÑмаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² пÑогÑаммаÑ
; "
+"полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑм
пÑедмеÑом по его назнаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑаÑÑо замеÑно "
+"пÑоÑе, Ñем компÑÑÑеÑом обÑего назнаÑениÑ.
Ðз-за ÑÑого многие пÑомÑÑленнÑе "
+"коÑиÑеи пÑедÑказÑвали, ÑÑо компÑÑÑеÑÑ
обÑего назнаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑпÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÑо "
+"ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑм ÑÑÑÑойÑÑвам."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I'm somewhat worried about this trend. I like using general-purpose "
+"computers — though admittedly they are often difficult to use. I like "
+"the freedom it gives me. The computer is just an extension of my mind."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾ÑоÑÑм обÑазом беÑÐ¿Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¸Ñ ÑÑа
ÑенденÑиÑ. Ðне нÑавиÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ "
+"компÑÑÑеÑами обÑего назнаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ — Ñ
оÑÑ Ñ Ð¸ допÑÑкаÑ, ÑÑо ÑаÑÑо ими "
+"ÑÑÑдно полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ. Ðне нÑавиÑÑÑ
Ñвобода, коÑоÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ мне даÑÑ. ÐомпÑÑÑÐµÑ "
+"ÑÑановиÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñодолжением моей мÑÑли."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Web sites and special-purpose hardware are not like this. They do not give "
+"me the same freedoms general-purpose computers do. If the trend were to "
+"continue to the extent the pundits project, more and more of what I do today "
+"with my computer will be done by special-purpose things and remote servers."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑо не поÑ
оже на ÑайÑÑ ÐнÑеÑнеÑа и
ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑÑ Ð°Ð¿Ð¿Ð°ÑаÑÑÑÑ. Ðни не "
+"даÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ Ñе ÑвободÑ, какие мне даÑÑ
компÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ñего назнаÑениÑ. ÐÑли ÑÑа "
+"ÑенденÑÐ¸Ñ Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑазвиваÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ планам
коÑиÑеев, вÑе болÑÑе и болÑÑе из Ñого, "
+"ÑÑо Ñ ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñвоем компÑÑÑеÑе,
бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð²ÑполнÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
+"ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑÑ
веÑаÑ
и ÑдаленнÑÑ
ÑеÑвеÑаÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"What does freedom of software mean in such an environment? Surely it's not "
+"wrong to run a Web site without offering my software and databases for "
+"download. (Even if it were, it might not be feasible for most people to "
+"download them. IBM's patent server has a many-terabyte database behind it.)"
+msgstr ""
+"ЧÑо в Ñакой обÑÑановке ознаÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ñвобода
пÑогÑамм? ÐонеÑно, Ð½ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸Ñего "
+"дÑÑного в Ñом, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð²
ÐнÑеÑнеÑе ÑайÑ, не пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ полÑÑиÑÑ "
+"полноÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ
(даже
еÑли Ð±Ñ ÑÑо бÑло не Ñак, Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"болÑÑинÑÑва лÑдей ÑÑо неÑеалÑно;
напÑимеÑ, паÑенÑнÑй ÑеÑÐ²ÐµÑ IBM опиÑаеÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
+"многоÑеÑабайÑнÑÑ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ
)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I believe that software — open-source software, in particular — "
+"has the potential to give individuals significantly more control over their "
+"own lives, because it consists of ideas, not people, places, or things. The "
+"trend toward special-purpose devices and remote servers could reverse that."
+msgstr ""
+"Я Ñбежден, ÑÑо пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — в
оÑобенноÑÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð¾ÑкÑÑÑÑм "
+"иÑÑ
однÑм ÑекÑÑом — поÑенÑиалÑно
могÑÑ Ð´Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸Ð½Ð´Ð¸Ð²Ð¸Ð´ÑÑмам болÑÑе "
+"конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ иÑ
ÑобÑÑвенной жизнÑÑ,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑоÑÑоÑÑ Ð¸Ð· мÑÑлей, "
+"а не лÑдей, меÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ веÑей. ТенденÑÐ¸Ñ Ðº
ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑм ÑÑÑÑойÑÑвам и "
+"ÑдаленнÑм ÑеÑвеÑам могла Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑаÑÑ
ÑÑомÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"What does it mean to have free software burned into a ROM? Is the software "
+"still free if I have to desolder the ROM to read the source code and burn a "
+"new ROM to run a modified version? What does it mean to have free software "
+"running a remotely-accessible application on a Web server? Even with the "
+"best of intentions, these technologies seem make it difficult to give people "
+"the same kind of freedom they enjoy with PCs."
+msgstr ""
+"ЧÑо ознаÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ,
запиÑаннÑе в ÐÐУ? ÐÑÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑвободнÑми, еÑли мне нÑжно вÑпаÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑоÑÑ
емÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑеÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑ
однÑй "
+"ÑекÑÑ, и запиÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑоÑÑ
емÑ, ÑÑобÑ
запÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ? ЧÑо "
+"ознаÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, ÑабоÑаÑÑие
на доÑÑÑпном по ÑеÑи ÑеÑвеÑе? Ðаже "
+"пÑи наилÑÑÑиÑ
намеÑениÑÑ
ÑÑа ÑеÑ
ника,
по-видимомÑ, заÑÑÑднÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑедоÑÑавление "
+"лÑдÑм Ñакой ÑвободÑ, какой они полÑзÑÑÑÑÑ
на пеÑÑоналÑнÑÑ
компÑÑÑеÑаÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "How to fight it"
+msgstr "Ðак Ñ ÑÑим боÑоÑÑÑÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"It's more expensive to buy a new device than it is to download software and "
+"install it on my machine. So people won't use special-purpose devices if "
+"they provide no advantages."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðовое ÑÑÑÑойÑÑво обойдеÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ñоже, Ñем
полÑÑение пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÑановка ее на "
+"Ñвоей маÑине. Так ÑÑо лÑди не бÑдÑÑ
полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑми "
+"ÑÑÑÑойÑÑвами, еÑли Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
не бÑдеÑ
пÑеимÑÑеÑÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But they do provide advantages. They're *much* easier to use than current "
+"general-purpose computers. A button for every function; no funny modes in "
+"which the buttons do something else, or nothing. A display for every state "
+"variable; you don't have to click on things to make them visible. I suspect "
+"that this is not an inherent limitation of general-purpose computers, but a "
+"limitation of their current state."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо пÑеимÑÑеÑÑва Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
еÑÑÑ. Ðми
<em>гоÑаздо</em> пÑоÑе полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ, Ñем "
+"нÑнеÑними компÑÑÑеÑами обÑего
назнаÑениÑ. Ðнопка Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ дейÑÑвиÑ; "
+"оÑÑÑÑÑÑвие непÑивÑÑнÑÑ
Ñежимов, в коÑоÑÑÑ
кнопки делаÑÑ ÑÑо-Ñо дÑÑгое или "
+"вообÑе ниÑего не делаÑÑ. ÐÑвод каждой
пеÑеменной ÑоÑÑоÑниÑ; не пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
+"вÑе нажимаÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвидеÑÑ ÑÑо. Я
подозÑеваÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо огÑаниÑение Ð»ÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
+"в пÑиÑоде компÑÑÑеÑов обÑего назнаÑениÑ,
а ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÐµÑ ÑолÑко на иÑ
нÑнеÑнем "
+"ÑÑапе ÑазвиÑиÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another big issue is that they just work. General-purpose computers often "
+"don't, particularly when running Microsoft OSes. Even in the best case, you "
+"still have to do a couple of seconds of irrelevant stuff before getting to "
+"work on what you want to work on — typing a letter or whatever. More "
+"typically, you have to click around for ten seconds or so. At worst, you "
+"have to reinstall Windows and the application, reconfigure some peripherals, "
+"and reinstall their drivers before you can get anything done."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблема — ÑÑо они
ÑабоÑаÑÑ ÑÑазÑ. ÐÐ»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑеÑов "
+"обÑего назнаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑо ÑаÑÑо не Ñак,
оÑобенно когда они ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ "
+"ÑпÑавлением опеÑаÑионнÑÑ
ÑиÑÑем Microsoft.
Ðаже в лÑÑÑем ÑлÑÑае вам вÑе-Ñаки "
+"нÑжно поÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑ ÑекÑнд на ÑÑо-Ñо, не
имеÑÑее оÑноÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ðº делÑ, пеÑед "
+"Ñем как пÑиÑÑÑпиÑÑ Ðº ÑабоÑе — набоÑÑ
пиÑÑма или ÑемÑ-Ñо еÑе. Ð "
+"болÑÑинÑÑве ÑлÑÑаев пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ ÑелкаÑÑ
по кнопкам ÑекÑнд деÑÑÑÑ. Ð Ñ
ÑдÑиÑ
"
+"ÑлÑÑаÑÑ
пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑеÑÑÑанавливаÑÑ
Windows и пÑикладнÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, "
+"пеÑеконÑигÑÑиÑоваÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑиÑеÑийнÑе
ÑÑÑÑойÑÑва и пеÑеÑÑÑанавливаÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
дÑайвеÑÑ "
+"пеÑед Ñем, как Ð²Ñ ÑможеÑе ÑÑо-Ñо ÑделаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A third big issue is that they require software installation. If I want to "
+"start using my machine for writing email different, I have to install email "
+"software on it. While this is considerably less expensive than buying a "
+"special-purpose email machine, it's considerably less uncomfortable, "
+"intimidating, and confusing. (Or so I'm told.) It also takes longer."
+msgstr ""
+"ТÑеÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблема — ÑÑо они
ÑÑебÑÑÑ ÑÑÑановки пÑогÑамм. "
+"ÐÑли Ñ Ñ
оÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ñвоей
маÑиной, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾ÑпÑавлÑÑÑ ÑлекÑÑоннÑÑ "
+"поÑÑÑ, мне нÑжно ÑÑÑановиÑÑ Ð½Ð° маÑинÑ
поÑÑовÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ. ХоÑÑ ÑÑо "
+"знаÑиÑелÑно деÑевле, Ñем покÑпка
ÑпеÑиализиÑованной поÑÑовой маÑинÑ, ÑÑо "
+"знаÑиÑелÑно менее Ñдобно, ÑÑо пÑÐ³Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¸
запÑÑÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ (по кÑайней меÑе, мне Ñак "
+"говоÑÑÑ). Ðа ÑÑо ÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑе вÑемени."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If general-purpose computers are to survive the onslaught of tiny, cheap "
+"special-purpose boxes, they must become as easy to use, reliable, and easy "
+"to install software on as those special-purpose boxes. This requires a "
+"totally different operating environment than anything we're using on the "
+"desktop today; not surprisingly, GNU/Linux is closer than anything else I've "
+"used. (Squeak might be even better, but I haven't tried it yet.) But GNU/"
+"Linux is an incredibly long way away. This will require different hardware "
+"as well as different software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑли компÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ñего назнаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ
пеÑежиÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÑпление маленÑкиÑ
"
+"деÑевÑÑ
ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑÑ
коÑобоÑек,
они Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ ÑÑаÑÑ Ñакими же пÑоÑÑÑми в "
+"полÑзовании, надежнÑми и пÑоÑÑÑми в
ÑÑÑановке пÑогÑамм, как ÑÑи "
+"ÑпеÑиализиÑованнÑе коÑобоÑки. ÐÑо
ÑÑебÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑионной ÑÑедÑ, ÑовеÑÑенно "
+"оÑлиÑной Ð¾Ñ Ñой, коÑоÑой Ð¼Ñ ÑегоднÑ
полÑзÑемÑÑ Ñ ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÑоле; Ð½ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸Ñего "
+"ÑдивиÑелÑного в Ñом, ÑÑо GNU/Linux к ÑÑомÑ
ближе, Ñем вÑе дÑÑгое, Ñем Ñ "
+"ÑолÑко полÑзовалÑÑ (Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ, Squeak еÑе
лÑÑÑе, но Ñ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ еÑе не пÑобовал). "
+"Ðо и GNU/Linux невеÑоÑÑно далека Ð¾Ñ ÑÑого. ÐÑо
поÑÑебÑÐµÑ ÐºÐ°Ðº дÑÑгой "
+"аппаÑаÑÑÑÑ, Ñак и дÑÑгиÑ
пÑогÑамм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The forces behind remote servers are similar — ease of use because of "
+"uniform interfaces through a web browser, “just working”, and no "
+"installation — just using. But they have a couple of other advantages "
+"as well: they can provide services that require massive storage or "
+"computational resources that can't reasonably be provided on your own "
+"machine, unless you want to spend wads of cash. (Downloading AltaVista's "
+"database every day would be a very inefficient way to search the Web.)"
+msgstr ""
+"УдаленнÑе ÑеÑвеÑÑ ÑазвиваÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑ
однÑм
пÑиÑинам — они пÑоÑÑÑ Ð² "
+"полÑзовании благодаÑÑ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð¾Ð±ÑазнÑм
инÑеÑÑейÑам бÑаÑзеÑа, “ÑабоÑаÑÑ "
+"ÑÑазє, иÑ
не ÑÑÑанавливаÑÑ —
пÑоÑÑо полÑзÑÑÑÑÑ. Ðо Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
"
+"еÑÑÑ Ð¸ паÑа дÑÑгиÑ
пÑеимÑÑеÑÑв: они могÑÑ
пÑедоÑÑавлÑÑÑ ÑÑлÑги, коÑоÑÑе "
+"ÑÑебÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑ
обÑемов даннÑÑ
или
вÑÑиÑлиÑелÑнÑÑ
моÑноÑÑей, коÑоÑÑÑ
не "
+"Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ваÑей ÑобÑÑвенной маÑине,
еÑли ÑолÑко Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñ
оÑиÑе поÑÑаÑиÑÑ "
+"на ÑÑо кÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ³ (загÑÑжаÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ñй денÑ
Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ
AltaVista бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ "
+"неÑÑÑекÑивнÑм ÑпоÑобом поиÑка по
ÐнÑеÑнеÑÑ)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I think these extra advantages are probably impossible to overcome at the "
+"moment — although I'm interested in research on distributing big "
+"computational jobs over many machines."
+msgstr ""
+"Я дÑмаÑ, в наÑÑоÑÑее вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÑи
пÑеимÑÑеÑÑва неÑÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ñ — Ñ
оÑÑ "
+"мне бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑеÑеÑно ÑаÑпÑеделÑÑÑ
болÑÑие вÑÑиÑлиÑелÑнÑе задаÑи Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ "
+"многими маÑинами."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr " "
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden"
+"\"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other
ways "
+"to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions "
+"can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden"
+"org></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе обÑие запÑоÑÑ
ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð¸ GNU по адÑеÑÑ <a href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже <a
href=\"/contact/"
+"\">дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ</a> Ñ Ñондом.
ÐÑÑеÑÑ Ð¾ неÑабоÑаÑÑиÑ
ÑÑÑлкаÑ
и "
+"дÑÑгие попÑавки или пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾
пÑиÑÑлаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#. replace it with the translation of these two:
+#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#. to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+#. <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. our web pages, see <a
+#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#. README</a>.
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
+"возможноÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñибки Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ можем.
ÐÑиÑÑлайÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, Ñвои замеÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ "
+"пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ пеÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden"
+"\"><address@hidden></a>. </p><p>Ð¡Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾
кооÑдинаÑии и "
+"пÑедложениÑм пеÑеводов наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей Ñм. в
<a href=\"/server/standards/README."
+"translations.html\">“Ð ÑководÑÑве по
пеÑеводам”</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "This text is in the public domain."
+msgstr "ÐÑÐ¾Ñ ÑекÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ñ
одиÑÑÑ Ð² обÑеÑÑвенном
доÑÑоÑнии."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr " "
+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
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