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www/philosophy free-software-for-freedom.html p...
|
From: |
Pavel Kharitonov |
|
Subject: |
www/philosophy free-software-for-freedom.html p... |
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Date: |
Sun, 05 Jun 2011 12:40:53 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Pavel Kharitonov <ineiev> 11/06/05 12:40:53
Modified files:
philosophy : free-software-for-freedom.html
Added files:
philosophy/po : free-software-for-freedom.ru.po
Log message:
new translation
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.43&r2=1.44
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-software-for-freedom.ru.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: free-software-for-freedom.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html,v
retrieving revision 1.43
retrieving revision 1.44
diff -u -b -r1.43 -r1.44
--- free-software-for-freedom.html 13 Apr 2011 14:43:11 -0000 1.43
+++ free-software-for-freedom.html 5 Jun 2011 12:40:41 -0000 1.44
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@
<p>
Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2011/04/13 14:43:11 $
+$Date: 2011/06/05 12:40:41 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@
<!-- Romanian -->
<li><a
href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.ro.html">Română</a> [ro]</li>
<!-- Russian -->
-<li><a
href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.ru.html">Русский</a> [ru]</li>
+<li><a
href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.ru.html">русский</a> [ru]</li>
<!-- Serbian -->
<li><a
href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.sr.html">Српски</a> [sr]</li>
<!-- Chinese (Simplified) -->
Index: po/free-software-for-freedom.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: po/free-software-for-freedom.ru.po
diff -N po/free-software-for-freedom.ru.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/free-software-for-freedom.ru.po 5 Jun 2011 12:40:48 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,947 @@
+# Russian translation for
http://gnu.org/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html
+# Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2007,
+# 2010, 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# Copyright (C) 2008 jeder (translation)
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# (partly based on open-source-misses-the-point.ru.po)
+# Ineiev <address@hidden>, 2010, 2011
+# Vitaly <address@hidden>, 2011 (proofreading)
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: free-software-for-freedom.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2011-04-13 12:27-0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2011-06-01 17:17+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Ineiev <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%"
+"10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
+
+# type: Content of: <title>
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"Why “Free Software” is better than “Open Source” - "
+"GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²ÑÑажение “ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммє лÑÑÑе, Ñем “"
+"оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ” - пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU -
Фонд Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного "
+"обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ (ФСÐÐ)"
+
+# type: Content of: <h2>
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid ""
+"Why “Free Software” is better than “Open Source”"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²ÑÑажение “ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммє лÑÑÑе, Ñем “"
+"оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\">“Open "
+"Source” misses the point of Free Software</a> is an updated version of "
+"this article."
+msgstr ""
+"<a
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+"‘оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
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+"пÑогÑамма’”</a> — обновленнаÑ
веÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑой ÑÑаÑÑи."
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"While free software by any other name would give you the same freedom, it "
+"makes a big difference which name we use: different words <em>convey "
+"different ideas</em>."
+msgstr ""
+"ХоÑÑ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ лÑбÑм дÑÑгим
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+"ÑвободÑ, оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ð¾, какое название мÑ
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+"<em>пеÑедаÑÑ ÑазнÑе мÑÑли</em>."
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In 1998, some of the people in the free software community began using the "
+"term <a href=\"http://www.opensource.org/\";>“open source "
+"software”</a> instead of <a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">“"
+"free software”</a> to describe what they do. The term “open "
+"source” quickly became associated with a different approach, a "
+"different philosophy, different values, and even a different criterion for "
+"which licenses are acceptable. The Free Software movement and the Open "
+"Source movement are today <a href=\"#relationship\"> separate movements</a> "
+"with different views and goals, although we can and do work together on some "
+"practical projects."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð 1998 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð² ÑообÑеÑÑве Ñвободного
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+"ÑÑали ÑпоÑÑеблÑÑÑ ÑеÑмин <a
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+"некоÑоÑÑми пÑакÑиÑеÑкими пÑоекÑами."
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The fundamental difference between the two movements is in their values, "
+"their ways of looking at the world. For the Open Source movement, the issue "
+"of whether software should be open source is a practical question, not an "
+"ethical one. As one person put it, “Open source is a development "
+"methodology; free software is a social movement.” For the Open Source "
+"movement, non-free software is a suboptimal solution. For the Free Software "
+"movement, non-free software is a social problem and free software is the "
+"solution."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑинÑипиалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑазниÑа Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÑими двÑмÑ
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+"ÑÑиÑеÑкий. Ðак Ñказал один Ñеловек,
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+"— ÑÑо меÑодика ÑазÑабоÑки; ÑвободнÑе
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+"обÑеÑÑвенное движение”. ÐÐ»Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
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+"неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — ÑÑо
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+"за Ñвободное пÑогÑаммное обеÑпеÑение
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+"ÑоÑиалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблема, а ÑвободнÑе
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+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid ""
+"Relationship between the Free Software movement and Open Source movement"
+msgstr ""
+"СвÑÐ·Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ за Ñвободное
пÑогÑаммное обеÑпеÑение и движением за "
+"оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The Free Software movement and the Open Source movement are like two "
+"political camps within the free software community."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðвижение за Ñвободное пÑогÑаммное
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+"иÑÑ
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+"Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ."
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Radical groups in the 1960s developed a reputation for factionalism: "
+"organizations split because of disagreements on details of strategy, and "
+"then treated each other as enemies. Or at least, such is the image people "
+"have of them, whether or not it was true."
+msgstr ""
+"РадикалÑнÑе гÑÑÐ¿Ð¿Ñ ÑеÑÑидеÑÑÑÑÑ
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+"ÑклонноÑÑÑÑ Ðº ÑаÑколам: оÑганизаÑии
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+"ÑÑо веÑно."
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The relationship between the Free Software movement and the Open Source "
+"movement is just the opposite of that picture. We disagree on the basic "
+"principles, but agree more or less on the practical recommendations. So we "
+"can and do work together on many specific projects. We don't think of the "
+"Open Source movement as an enemy. The enemy is <a href=\"/philosophy/"
+"categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\"> proprietary software</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑноÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ за Ñвободное
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+"за оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
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+"html#ProprietarySoftware\">неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We are not against the Open Source movement, but we don't want to be lumped "
+"in with them. We acknowledge that they have contributed to our community, "
+"but we created this community, and we want people to know this. We want "
+"people to associate our achievements with our values and our philosophy, not "
+"with theirs. We want to be heard, not obscured behind a group with "
+"different views. To prevent people from thinking we are part of them, we "
+"take pains to avoid using the word “open” to describe free "
+"software, or its contrary, “closed”, in talking about non-free "
+"software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ Ð½Ðµ пÑоÑив Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð° оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ, но Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñ
оÑим, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"Ñваливали в Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ ÐºÑÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸. ÐÑ Ð¿Ñизнаем
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+"лÑди ÑвÑзÑвали наÑи доÑÑÐ¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñими
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+"Ñ Ð¸Ñ
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+"ÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
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+"Ñлова “закÑÑÑÑй”, когда говоÑим о
неÑвободнÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So please mention the Free Software movement when you talk about the work we "
+"have done, and the software we have developed—such as the <a href=\"/"
+"gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> operating system."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐоÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑпоминайÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, о
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+"обеÑпеÑение, когда Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑе о ÑабоÑе,
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+"ÑиÑÑеме <a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Comparing the two terms"
+msgstr "СопоÑÑавление ÑеÑминов"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"This rest of this article compares the two terms “free software” "
+"and “open source”. It shows why the term “open "
+"source” does not solve any problems, and in fact creates some."
+msgstr ""
+"РоÑÑалÑной ÑаÑÑи ÑÑаÑÑи ÑÑавниваÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ð°
ÑеÑмина — “"
+"ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммє и “оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
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+"ÐбÑÑÑнÑеÑÑÑ, поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑеÑмин “оÑкÑÑÑÑй
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+"деле не ÑеÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ñ
пÑоблем, а ÑоздаеÑ
иÑ
."
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Ambiguity"
+msgstr "ÐеоднознаÑноÑÑÑ"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The term “free software” has an ambiguity problem: an unintended "
+"meaning, “Software you can get for zero price,” fits the term "
+"just as well as the intended meaning, “software which gives the user "
+"certain freedoms.” We address this problem by publishing a <a href=\"/"
+"philosophy/free-sw.html\"> more precise definition of free software</a>, but "
+"this is not a perfect solution; it cannot completely eliminate the problem. "
+"An unambiguously correct term would be better, if it didn't have other "
+"problems."
+msgstr ""
+"У ÑеÑмина “ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамма”
еÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñоблема неоднознаÑноÑÑи: "
+"непÑеднамеÑенное знаÑение “пÑогÑамма,
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+"знаÑение “пÑогÑамма, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Unfortunately, all the alternatives in English have problems of their own. "
+"We've looked at many alternatives that people have suggested, but none is so "
+"clearly “right” that switching to it would be a good idea. "
+"Every proposed replacement for “free software” has a similar "
+"kind of semantic problem, or worse—and this includes “open "
+"source software.”"
+msgstr ""
+"Ð ÑожалениÑ, Ñ Ð²ÑеÑ
алÑÑеÑнаÑив в
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+"ÑаÑÑмоÑÑели многое из Ñого, ÑÑо нам
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Ñже — "
+"в Ñом ÑиÑле и Ñ “оÑкÑÑÑого иÑÑ
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ÑекÑÑа”."
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The official definition of “open source software,” as published "
+"by the Open Source Initiative, is very close to our definition of free "
+"software; however, it is a little looser in some respects, and they have "
+"accepted a few licenses that we consider unacceptably restrictive of the "
+"users. However, the obvious meaning for the expression “open source "
+"software” is “You can look at the source code.” This is a "
+"much weaker criterion than free software; it includes free software, but "
+"also some <a href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware\"> "
+"proprietary</a> programs, including Xv, and Qt under its original license "
+"(before the QPL)."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑиÑиалÑное опÑеделение “пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñ
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+"в Ñом виде, в каком оно опÑбликовано
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+"иÑÑ
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+"(до пеÑеÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"That obvious meaning for “open source” is not the meaning that "
+"its advocates intend. The result is that most people misunderstand what "
+"those advocates are advocating. Here is how writer Neal Stephenson defined "
+"“open source”:"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑо наивное Ñолкование “оÑкÑÑÑого иÑÑ
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+"Ñого, ÑÑо подÑазÑмеваÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ заÑиÑники. ÐÑо
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+"СÑеÑенÑон опÑеделил “оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"Linux is “open source” software meaning, simply, that anyone can "
+"get copies of its source code files."
+msgstr ""
+"“Linux — ÑÑо пÑогÑамма Ñ
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+"ÑекÑÑом’, ÑÑо попÑоÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑаеÑ, ÑÑо
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+"Ñайлов иÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. The <a href="http://da.state.ks.us/itec/TechArchPt6ver80.pdf";>
+#. state of
+#. Kansas</a> published a similar definition:
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I don't think he deliberately sought to reject or dispute the “"
+"official” definition. I think he simply applied the conventions of "
+"the English language to come up with a meaning for the term. The state of "
+"Kansas published a similar definition:"
+msgstr ""
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+"оÑиÑиалÑное” опÑеделение. Я полагаÑ, он
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+"ÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"Make use of open-source software (OSS). OSS is software for which the source "
+"code is freely and publicly available, though the specific licensing "
+"agreements vary as to what one is allowed to do with that code."
+msgstr ""
+"“ÐÑименение пÑогÑамм Ñ Ð¾ÑкÑÑÑÑм иÑÑ
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+"— ÑÑо пÑогÑамма, иÑÑ
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+"делаÑÑ ÑÑим иÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Of course, the open source people have tried to deal with this by publishing "
+"a precise definition for the term, just as we have done for “free "
+"software.”"
+msgstr ""
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+"“ÑвободнÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But the explanation for “free software” is simple—a person "
+"who has grasped the idea of “free speech, not free beer” will "
+"not get it wrong again. There is no such succinct way to explain the "
+"official meaning of “open source” and show clearly why the "
+"natural definition is the wrong one."
+msgstr ""
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+"ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑеÑ."
+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Fear of Freedom"
+msgstr "ÐоÑÐ·Ð½Ñ ÑвободÑ"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The main argument for the term “open source software” is that "
+"“free software” makes some people uneasy. That's true: talking "
+"about freedom, about ethical issues, about responsibilities as well as "
+"convenience, is asking people to think about things they might rather "
+"ignore. This can trigger discomfort, and some people may reject the idea "
+"for that. It does not follow that society would be better off if we stop "
+"talking about these things."
+msgstr ""
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
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+"some started exploring an approach for avoiding it. They figured that by "
+"keeping quiet about ethics and freedom, and talking only about the immediate "
+"practical benefits of certain free software, they might be able to “"
+"sell” the software more effectively to certain users, especially "
+"business. The term “open source” is offered as a way of doing "
+"more of this—a way to be “more acceptable to business.” "
+"The views and values of the Open Source movement stem from this decision."
+msgstr ""
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
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+msgid ""
+"This approach has proved effective, in its own terms. Today many people are "
+"switching to free software for purely practical reasons. That is good, as "
+"far as it goes, but that isn't all we need to do! Attracting users to free "
+"software is not the whole job, just the first step."
+msgstr ""
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
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+msgid ""
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+"software for some practical advantage. Countless companies seek to offer "
+"such temptation, and why would users decline? Only if they have learned to "
+"<em>value the freedom</em> free software gives them, for its own sake. It "
+"is up to us to spread this idea—and in order to do that, we have to "
+"talk about freedom. A certain amount of the “keep quiet” "
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+msgstr ""
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
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+"freedom talk. Most people involved with free software say little about "
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+"business.” Software distributors especially show this pattern. Some "
+"<a href=\"/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html\">GNU/Linux</a> operating system "
+"distributions add proprietary packages to the basic free system, and they "
+"invite users to consider this an advantage, rather than a step backwards "
+"from freedom."
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
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+"teach people about freedom and our community as fast as they enter it. This "
+"is why non-free software (which Qt was when it first became popular), and "
+"partially non-free operating system distributions, find such fertile "
+"ground. To stop using the word “free” now would be a mistake; "
+"we need more, not less, talk about freedom."
+msgstr ""
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+# type: Content of: <p>
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+"community, that is a contribution, but the rest of us will have to work even "
+"harder to bring the issue of freedom to those users' attention. We have to "
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+"and louder than ever before."
+msgstr ""
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+
+# type: Content of: <h3>
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
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+msgstr "Ðог Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑ ÑоваÑнÑй знак?"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
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+msgid ""
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+msgstr ""
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+# type: Content of: <p>
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+"definition, said this:"
+msgstr ""
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+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
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+msgstr ""
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
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+"source”; but when that announcement was made, the program did not "
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+# type: Content of: <p>
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+"software, advertised some proprietary software products:"
+msgstr ""
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+# type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
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+msgstr ""
+"Cygnus Solutions — Ð»Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ ÑÑнка оÑкÑÑÑого иÑÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <p>
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+"Unlike IBM, Cygnus was not trying to make these packages free software, and "
+"the packages did not come close to qualifying. But Cygnus didn't actually "
+"say that these are “open source software”, they just made use of "
+"the term to give careless readers that impression."
+msgstr ""
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+# type: Content of: <h3>
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+#. type: Content of: <div>
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+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
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+msgstr ""
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+"Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,"
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 2008 jeder (translation)</p><p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, "
+"2000, 2001, 2007, 2010, 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,"
+
+# type: Content of: <div><address>
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+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
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+"Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are permitted "
+"worldwide, without royalty, in any medium, provided this notice, and the "
+"copyright notice, are preserved."
+msgstr ""
+"Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article are permitted "
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+"лÑбом ноÑиÑеле пÑи ÑÑловии, ÑÑо ÑÑо
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+"пÑаваÑ
ÑоÑ
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+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr " "
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
+
+# type: Content of: <div><h4>
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
+msgid "Translations of this page"
+msgstr "ÐеÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑÑой ÑÑÑаниÑÑ"
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