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www/prep/standards index.html standards.dvi.gz ...
|
From: |
Karl Berry |
|
Subject: |
www/prep/standards index.html standards.dvi.gz ... |
|
Date: |
Tue, 26 Jun 2007 17:33:27 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Karl Berry <karl> 07/06/26 17:33:26
Modified files:
prep/standards : index.html standards.dvi.gz standards.html
standards.html.gz standards.html_node.tar.gz
standards.info.tar.gz standards.pdf
standards.ps.gz standards.texi.tar.gz
standards.txt standards.txt.gz
prep/standards/html_node: CPU-Portability.html
Change-Log-Concepts.html
Change-Logs.html Character-Set.html
Command-Variables.html
Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html
Comments.html Compatibility.html
Conditional-Changes.html
Conditional-Compilation.html
Configuration.html Contributions.html
Copying-This-Manual.html DESTDIR.html
Design-Advice.html
Directory-Variables.html
Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html
Documentation.html Errors.html
File-Usage.html Formatting.html
GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html
GNU-Manuals.html
Graphical-Interfaces.html Index.html
Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html
Install-Command-Categories.html
Internationalization.html
Legal-Issues.html Libraries.html
License-for-Manuals.html
Makefile-Basics.html
Makefile-Conventions.html
Man-Pages.html Managing-Releases.html
Manual-Credits.html
Manual-Structure-Details.html
Memory-Usage.html Mmap.html
NEWS-File.html Names.html
Non_002dGNU-Standards.html
Option-Table.html Preface.html
Printed-Manuals.html
Program-Behavior.html
Quote-Characters.html
Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html
Reading-other-Manuals.html
References.html Releases.html
Semantics.html Simple-Changes.html
Source-Language.html Standard-C.html
Standard-Targets.html
Style-of-Change-Logs.html
Syntactic-Conventions.html
System-Functions.html
System-Portability.html
Trademarks.html User-Interfaces.html
Using-Extensions.html
Utilities-in-Makefiles.html
Writing-C.html index.html
Added files:
prep/standards/html_node: _002d_002dhelp.html
_002d_002dversion.html
Log message:
--version changes
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/index.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.20&r2=1.21
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.dvi.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.18&r2=1.19
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.html.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.html_node.tar.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.info.tar.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.pdf?cvsroot=www&rev=1.19
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.ps.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.texi.tar.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.txt?cvsroot=www&r1=1.18&r2=1.19
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/standards.txt.gz?cvsroot=www&rev=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/CPU-Portability.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Change-Logs.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Character-Set.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.8&r2=1.9
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Command-Variables.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Comments.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Compatibility.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Conditional-Changes.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Configuration.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Contributions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Copying-This-Manual.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/DESTDIR.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.5&r2=1.6
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Design-Advice.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Directory-Variables.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Documentation.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Errors.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/File-Usage.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Formatting.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/GNU-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Index.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Install-Command-Categories.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Internationalization.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Legal-Issues.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Libraries.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/License-for-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Makefile-Basics.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.17&r2=1.18
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Man-Pages.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Managing-Releases.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Manual-Credits.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Manual-Structure-Details.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Memory-Usage.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Mmap.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/NEWS-File.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Names.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Non_002dGNU-Standards.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.6&r2=1.7
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Option-Table.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Preface.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Printed-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Program-Behavior.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Quote-Characters.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.8&r2=1.9
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Reading-other-Manuals.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/References.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Releases.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Semantics.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Simple-Changes.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Source-Language.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Standard-C.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Standard-Targets.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/System-Functions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/System-Portability.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Trademarks.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/User-Interfaces.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Using-Extensions.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/Writing-C.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/index.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.16&r2=1.17
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/_002d_002dhelp.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/prep/standards/html_node/_002d_002dversion.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: index.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/index.html,v
retrieving revision 1.20
retrieving revision 1.21
diff -u -b -r1.20 -r1.21
--- index.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:47 -0000 1.20
+++ index.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:15 -0000 1.21
@@ -1,14 +1,7 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en">
-
-<head>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
<title>GNU coding standards - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
(FSF)</title>
-<meta http-equiv="content-type" content='text/html; charset=utf-8' />
-<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/gnu.css" />
-<link rev="made" href="address@hidden" />
-</head>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>GNU coding standards</h2>
<!-- This document is in XML, and xhtml 1.0 -->
<!-- Please make sure to properly nest your tags -->
@@ -16,76 +9,74 @@
<!-- consistent with W3C xhtml 1.0 and CSS standards -->
<!-- See validator.w3.org -->
-<body>
-
-<h3>GNU coding standards</h3>
-
<address>Free Software Foundation</address>
-<address>last updated January 22, 2007</address>
-<p>
-<a href="/graphics/gnu-head.jpg">
- <img src="/graphics/gnu-head-sm.jpg"
- alt=" [image of the head of a GNU] " width="129" height="122"/>
-</a>
-</p>
-<hr />
+<address>last updated June 26, 2007</address>
<p>This manual (standards) is available in the following formats:</p>
<ul>
- <li><a href="standards.html">HTML
- (304K characters)</a> - entirely on one web page.</li>
- <li><a href="html_node/index.html">HTML</a> - with one web page per
+<li><a href="standards.html">HTML
+ (324K bytes)</a> - entirely on one web page.</li>
+<li><a href="html_node/index.html">HTML</a> - with one web page per
node.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.html.gz">HTML compressed
- (80K gzipped characters)</a> - entirely on
+<li><a href="standards.html.gz">HTML compressed
+ (84K bytes gzipped)</a> - entirely on
one web page.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.html_node.tar.gz">HTML compressed
- (92K gzipped tar file)</a> -
+<li><a href="standards.html_node.tar.gz">HTML compressed
+ (96K gzipped tar file)</a> -
with one web page per node.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.info.tar.gz">Info document
- (72K characters gzipped tar file)</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.txt">ASCII text
- (200K characters)</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.txt.gz">ASCII text compressed
- (68K gzipped characters)</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.dvi.gz">TeX dvi file
- (112K characters gzipped)</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.ps.gz">PostScript file
- (244K characters gzipped)</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.pdf">PDF file
- (432K characters)</a>.</li>
- <li><a href="standards.texi.tar.gz">Texinfo source
- (72K characters gzipped tar file)</a></li>
+<li><a href="standards.info.tar.gz">Info document
+ (72K bytes gzipped tar file)</a>.</li>
+<li><a href="standards.txt">ASCII text
+ (204K bytes)</a>.</li>
+<li><a href="standards.txt.gz">ASCII text compressed
+ (68K bytes gzipped)</a>.</li>
+<li><a href="standards.dvi.gz">TeX dvi file
+ (112K bytes gzipped)</a>.</li>
+<li><a href="standards.ps.gz">PostScript file
+ (244K bytes gzipped)</a>.</li>
+<li><a href="standards.pdf">PDF file
+ (424K bytes)</a>.</li>
+<li><a href="standards.texi.tar.gz">Texinfo source
+ (72K bytes gzipped tar file).</a></li>
</ul>
+<p>You can <a href="http://www.gnu.org/order/";>buy printed copies of
+some manuals</a> (among other items) from the Free Software Foundation;
+this helps support FSF activities.</p>
+
<p>(This page generated by the <a
href="http://savannah.gnu.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs/~checkout~/texinfo/texinfo/util/gendocs.sh";>gendocs.sh
script</a>.)</p>
-<div class="copyright">
-<p>
-Return to the <a href="/home.html">GNU Project home page</a>.
-</p>
+<!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general, -->
+<!-- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about -->
+<!-- verbatim copying. Please do NOT remove this without talking -->
+<!-- with the webmasters first. -->
+<!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
+<!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer-min.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
<p>
Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to
<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
-There are also <a href="/home.html#ContactInfo">other ways to contact</a>
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
the FSF.
<br />
-Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to
+Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to
<a href="mailto:address@hidden";><em>address@hidden</em></a>.
</p>
<p>
-Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
-51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02111, USA
-<br />
-Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
+Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+</p>
+<address>51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02111, USA</address>
+<p>Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.
</p>
</div>
-
+</div>
</body>
</html>
Index: standards.dvi.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.dvi.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
Binary files /tmp/cvsJW1Yfa and /tmp/cvsSScAoI differ
Index: standards.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.html,v
retrieving revision 1.18
retrieving revision 1.19
diff -u -b -r1.18 -r1.19
--- standards.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:47 -0000 1.18
+++ standards.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:16 -0000 1.19
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
<title>GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="top" href="#Top">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -35,6 +35,42 @@
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="settitle">GNU Coding Standards</h1>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>GNU Coding Standards</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
+<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
+<link title="Top" rel="top" href="#Top">
+<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
+<!--
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
+
+Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
+2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+with no Invariant Sections, with no
+Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts.
+A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
+Free Documentation License".-->
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
+<style type="text/css"><!--
+ pre.display { font-family:inherit }
+ pre.format { font-family:inherit }
+ pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller }
+ span.sc { font-variant:small-caps }
+ span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; }
+ span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; }
+--></style>
+</head>
+<body>
<div class="contents">
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<ul>
@@ -63,6 +99,10 @@
<li><a href="#User-Interfaces">4.5 Standards for Interfaces Generally</a>
<li><a href="#Graphical-Interfaces">4.6 Standards for Graphical Interfaces</a>
<li><a href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">4.7 Standards for Command Line
Interfaces</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="#_002d_002dversion">4.7.1 <samp><span
class="option">--version</span></samp></a>
+<li><a href="#_002d_002dhelp">4.7.2 <samp><span
class="option">--help</span></samp></a>
+</li></ul>
<li><a href="#Option-Table">4.8 Table of Long Options</a>
<li><a href="#Memory-Usage">4.9 Memory Usage</a>
<li><a href="#File-Usage">4.10 File Usage</a>
@@ -141,7 +181,7 @@
<h2 class="unnumbered">Version</h2>
-<p>The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+<p>The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
<p>Copyright © 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -189,7 +229,7 @@
state reasons for writing in a certain way.
<p>This release of the GNU Coding Standards was last updated
-January 22, 2007.
+June 26, 2007.
<p><a
name="index-where-to-obtain-_0040code_007bstandards_002etexi_007d-1"></a><a
name="index-downloading-this-manual-2"></a>If you did not obtain this file
directly from the GNU project and
recently, please check for a newer version. You can get the GNU
@@ -204,7 +244,7 @@
you don't have those files, please mail your suggestion anyway.
<p>These standards cover the minimum of what is important when writing a
-GNU package. Likely, the needs for additional standards will come up.
+GNU package. Likely, the need for additional standards will come up.
Sometimes, you might suggest that such standards be added to this
document. If you think your standards would be generally useful, please
do suggest them.
@@ -372,7 +412,7 @@
not in GNU software. Usually we write the name “Windows” in full,
but when brevity is very important (as in file names and sometimes
symbol names), we abbreviate it to “w”. For instance, the files
and
-functions in Emacs that deal with Windows start with `<samp><span
class="samp">w32</span></samp>'.
+functions in Emacs that deal with Windows start with ‘<samp><span
class="samp">w32</span></samp>’.
<div class="node">
<p><hr>
@@ -477,8 +517,8 @@
modes for each of them.
<p><a name="index-options-for-compatibility-14"></a>Standard C and <span
class="sc">posix</span> prohibit many kinds of extensions. Feel
-free to make the extensions anyway, and include a `<samp><span
class="samp">--ansi</span></samp>',
-`<samp><span class="samp">--posix</span></samp>', or `<samp><span
class="samp">--compatible</span></samp>' option to turn them off.
+free to make the extensions anyway, and include a ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--ansi</span></samp>’,
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--posix</span></samp>’, or
‘<samp><span class="samp">--compatible</span></samp>’ option to
turn them off.
However, if the extension has a significant chance of breaking any real
programs or scripts, then it is not really upward compatible. So you
should try to redesign its interface to make it upward compatible.
@@ -719,16 +759,16 @@
prohibited. How silly! GCC implements many extensions, some of which
were later adopted as part of the standard. If you want these
constructs to give an error message as “required” by the standard,
-you must specify `<samp><span class="samp">--pedantic</span></samp>', which
was implemented only so that
+you must specify ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--pedantic</span></samp>’, which was implemented only so that
we can say “GCC is a 100% implementation of the standard,” not
because there is any reason to actually use it.
- <p>POSIX.2 specifies that `<samp><span class="samp">df</span></samp>' and
`<samp><span class="samp">du</span></samp>' must output sizes by
+ <p>POSIX.2 specifies that ‘<samp><span
class="samp">df</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span
class="samp">du</span></samp>’ must output sizes by
default in units of 512 bytes. What users want is units of 1k, so
that is what we do by default. If you want the ridiculous behavior
“required” by POSIX, you must set the environment variable
-`<samp><span class="samp">POSIXLY_CORRECT</span></samp>' (which was originally
going to be named
-`<samp><span class="samp">POSIX_ME_HARDER</span></samp>').
+‘<samp><span class="samp">POSIXLY_CORRECT</span></samp>’ (which
was originally going to be named
+‘<samp><span class="samp">POSIX_ME_HARDER</span></samp>’).
<p>GNU utilities also depart from the letter of the POSIX.2 specification
when they support long-named command-line options, and intermixing
@@ -874,7 +914,7 @@
other; then they can both go in the same file.
<p>External symbols that are not documented entry points for the user
-should have names beginning with `<samp><span class="samp">_</span></samp>'.
The `<samp><span class="samp">_</span></samp>' should be
+should have names beginning with ‘<samp><span
class="samp">_</span></samp>’. The ‘<samp><span
class="samp">_</span></samp>’ should be
followed by the chosen name prefix for the library, to prevent
collisions with other libraries. These can go in the same files with
user entry points if you like.
@@ -1037,7 +1077,7 @@
command-line options of a program. The easiest way to do this is to use
<code>getopt</code> to parse them. Note that the GNU version of
<code>getopt</code>
will normally permit options anywhere among the arguments unless the
-special argument `<samp><span class="samp">--</span></samp>' is used. This is
not what <span class="sc">posix</span>
+special argument ‘<samp><span class="samp">--</span></samp>’ is
used. This is not what <span class="sc">posix</span>
specifies; it is a GNU extension.
<p><a name="index-long_002dnamed-options-41"></a>Please define long-named
options that are equivalent to the
@@ -1048,37 +1088,53 @@
<p>One of the advantages of long-named options is that they can be
consistent from program to program. For example, users should be able
to expect the “verbose” option of any GNU program which has one,
to be
-spelled precisely `<samp><span class="samp">--verbose</span></samp>'. To
achieve this uniformity, look at
+spelled precisely ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--verbose</span></samp>’. To achieve this uniformity, look
at
the table of common long-option names when you choose the option names
for your program (see <a href="#Option-Table">Option Table</a>).
<p>It is usually a good idea for file names given as ordinary arguments to
be input files only; any output files would be specified using options
-(preferably `<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>' or `<samp><span
class="samp">--output</span></samp>'). Even if you allow an output
+(preferably ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ or
‘<samp><span class="samp">--output</span></samp>’). Even if you
allow an output
file name as an ordinary argument for compatibility, try to provide an
option as another way to specify it. This will lead to more consistency
among GNU utilities, and fewer idiosyncrasies for users to remember.
- <p><a name="index-standard-command_002dline-options-42"></a><a
name="index-options_002c-standard-command_002dline-43"></a><a
name="index-CGI-programs_002c-standard-options-for-44"></a><a
name="index-PATH_005fINFO_002c-specifying-standard-options-as-45"></a>All
programs should support two standard options: `<samp><span
class="samp">--version</span></samp>'
-and `<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>'. CGI programs should
accept these as command-line
+ <p><a name="index-standard-command_002dline-options-42"></a><a
name="index-options_002c-standard-command_002dline-43"></a><a
name="index-CGI-programs_002c-standard-options-for-44"></a><a
name="index-PATH_005fINFO_002c-specifying-standard-options-as-45"></a>All
programs should support two standard options: ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--version</span></samp>’
+and ‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’. CGI programs
should accept these as command-line
options, and also if given as the <samp><span
class="env">PATH_INFO</span></samp>; for instance,
visiting <a
href="http://example.org/p.cgi/--help";>http://example.org/p.cgi/–help</a>
in a browser should
-output the same information as invoking `<samp><span class="samp">p.cgi
--help</span></samp>' from the
+output the same information as invoking ‘<samp><span class="samp">p.cgi
--help</span></samp>’ from the
command line.
+<ul class="menu">
+<li><a accesskey="1" href="#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a>: The
standard output for --version.
+<li><a accesskey="2" href="#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a>: The
standard output for --help.
+</ul>
-<a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dversion_007d-option-46"></a>
-<dl><dt><code>--version</code><dd>This option should direct the program to
print information about its name,
-version, origin and legal status, all on standard output, and then exit
-successfully. Other options and arguments should be ignored once this
-is seen, and the program should not perform its normal function.
+<div class="node">
+<p><hr>
+<a name="--version"></a>
+<a name="g_t_002d_002dversion"></a>
+Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a>,
+Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u"
href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line Interfaces</a>
+
+</div>
+
+<h4 class="subsection">4.7.1 <samp><span
class="option">--version</span></samp></h4>
+
+<p><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dversion_007d-output-46"></a>
+The standard <code>--version</code> option should direct the program to
+print information about its name, version, origin and legal status,
+all on standard output, and then exit successfully. Other options and
+arguments should be ignored once this is seen, and the program should
+not perform its normal function.
<p><a name="index-canonical-name-of-a-program-47"></a><a
name="index-program_0027s-canonical-name-48"></a>The first line is meant to be
easy for a program to parse; the version
number proper starts after the last space. In addition, it contains
the canonical name for this program, in this format:
- <pre class="example"> GNU Emacs 19.30
- </pre>
+<pre class="example"> GNU Emacs 19.30
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">The program's name should be a constant string;
<em>don't</em> compute it
from <code>argv[0]</code>. The idea is to state the standard or canonical
name for the program, not its file name. There are other ways to find
@@ -1087,13 +1143,13 @@
<p>If the program is a subsidiary part of a larger package, mention the
package name in parentheses, like this:
- <pre class="example"> emacsserver (GNU Emacs) 19.30
- </pre>
+<pre class="example"> emacsserver (GNU Emacs) 19.30
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">If the package has a version number which is
different from this
program's version number, you can mention the package version number
just before the close-parenthesis.
- <p>If you <strong>need</strong> to mention the version numbers of
libraries which
+ <p>If you <em>need</em> to mention the version numbers of libraries which
are distributed separately from the package which contains this program,
you can do so by printing an additional line of version info for each
library you want to mention. Use the same format for these lines as for
@@ -1108,25 +1164,23 @@
copyright notice. If more than one copyright notice is called for, put
each on a separate line.
- <p>Next should follow a brief statement that the program is free software,
-and that users are free to copy and change it on certain conditions. If
-the program is covered by the GNU GPL, say so here. Also mention that
-there is no warranty, to the extent permitted by law.
+ <p>Next should follow a line stating the license, preferably using one of
+abbrevations below, and a brief statement that the program is free
+software, and that users are free to copy and change it. Also mention
+that there is no warranty, to the extent permitted by law. See
+recommended wording below.
<p>It is ok to finish the output with a list of the major authors of the
program, as a way of giving credit.
<p>Here's an example of output that follows these rules:
- <pre class="smallexample"> GNU Emacs 19.34.5
- Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- GNU Emacs comes with NO WARRANTY,
- to the extent permitted by law.
- You may redistribute copies of GNU Emacs
- under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
- For more information about these matters,
- see the files named COPYING.
- </pre>
+<pre class="smallexample"> GNU hello 2.3
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
+ This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
+ There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
+</pre>
<p>You should adapt this to your program, of course, filling in the proper
year, copyright holder, name of program, and the references to
distribution terms, and changing the rest of the wording as necessary.
@@ -1140,7 +1194,7 @@
<p>Translations of the above lines must preserve the validity of the
copyright notices (see <a
href="#Internationalization">Internationalization</a>). If the translation's
-character set supports it, the `<samp><span class="samp">(C)</span></samp>'
should be replaced with the
+character set supports it, the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">(C)</span></samp>’ should be replaced with the
copyright symbol, as follows:
<p>©
@@ -1150,20 +1204,77 @@
the English word “Copyright”; translations into other languages do
not
have legal significance.
- <p><a
name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dhelp_007d-option-49"></a><br><dt><code>--help</code><dd>This
option should output brief documentation for how to invoke the
-program, on standard output, then exit successfully. Other options and
-arguments should be ignored once this is seen, and the program should
-not perform its normal function.
+ <p>Finally, here is the table of our suggested license abbreviations.
+Any abbreviation can be followed by ‘<samp><span
class="samp">v</span><var>version</var><span
class="samp">[+]</span></samp>’, meaning
+that particular version, or later versions with the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">+</span></samp>’, as shown
+above.
- <p><a name="index-address-for-bug-reports-50"></a><a
name="index-bug-reports-51"></a>Near the end of the `<samp><span
class="samp">--help</span></samp>' option's output there should be a line
-that says where to mail bug reports. It should have this format:
+ <dl>
+<dt>GPL<dd>GNU General Public License, <a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html";>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>LGPL<dd>GNU Lesser General Public License, <a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html";>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>GPL+Guile<dd>GNU GPL with the exception for Guile.
+
+ <br><dt>GPL+Ada<dd>GNU GPL with the exception for Ada.
+
+ <br><dt>Apache<dd>The Apache Software Foundation license,
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses";>http://www.apache.org/licenses</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>Artistic<dd>The Artistic license used for Perl, <a
href="http://www.perlfoundation.org/legal";>http://www.perlfoundation.org/legal</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>Expat<dd>The Expat license, <a
href="http://www.jclark.com/xml/copying.txt";>http://www.jclark.com/xml/copying.txt</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>MPL<dd>The Mozilla Public License, <a
href="http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/";>http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>OBSD<dd>The original (4-clause) BSD license, incompatible with
the GNU GPL
+<a
href="http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#6";>http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#6</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>PHP<dd>The license used for PHP, <a
href="http://www.php.net/license/";>http://www.php.net/license/</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>public domain<dd>The non-license that is being in the public
domain,
+<a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#PublicDomain";>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#PublicDomain</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>Python<dd>The license for Python, <a
href="http://www.python.org/2.0.1/license.html";>http://www.python.org/2.0.1/license.html</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>RBSD<dd>The revised (3-clause) BSD, compatible with the GNU GPL,
+<a
href="http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#5";>http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#5</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>X11<dd>The simple non-copyleft license used for most versions of
the X Window
+system, <a
href="http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#3";>http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#3</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>Zlib<dd>The license for Zlib, <a
href="http://www.gzip.org/zlib/zlib_license.html";>http://www.gzip.org/zlib/zlib_license.html</a>.
- <pre class="example"> Report bugs to <var>mailing-address</var>.
- </pre>
</dl>
+ <p>More information about these licenses and many more are on the GNU
+licensing web pages,
+<a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html";>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html</a>.
+
<div class="node">
<p><hr>
+<a name="--help"></a>
+<a name="g_t_002d_002dhelp"></a>
+Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p"
href="#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a>,
+Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u"
href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line Interfaces</a>
+
+</div>
+
+<h4 class="subsection">4.7.2 <samp><span
class="option">--help</span></samp></h4>
+
+<p><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dhelp_007d-output-49"></a>
+The standard <code>--help</code> option should output brief documentation
+for how to invoke the program, on standard output, then exit
+successfully. Other options and arguments should be ignored once this
+is seen, and the program should not perform its normal function.
+
+ <p><a name="index-address-for-bug-reports-50"></a><a
name="index-bug-reports-51"></a>Near the end of the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--help</span></samp>’ option's output there should be a line
+that says where to mail bug reports. It should have this format:
+
+<pre class="example"> Report bugs to <var>mailing-address</var>.
+</pre>
+ <div class="node">
+<p><hr>
<a name="Option-Table"></a>
Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="#Memory-Usage">Memory Usage</a>,
Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p"
href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line Interfaces</a>,
@@ -1185,751 +1296,751 @@
<!-- When there is more than one short option for a long option name, put -->
<!-- a semicolon between the lists of the programs that use them, not a -->
<!-- period. -friedman -->
-<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">after-date</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <dl>
+<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">after-date</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>, <code>ls</code>,
<code>nm</code>, <code>stty</code>, <code>uname</code>,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>, <code>ls</code>,
<code>nm</code>, <code>stty</code>, <code>uname</code>,
and <code>unexpand</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">all-text</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">all-text</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">almost-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">almost-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">append</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>, <code>tee</code>,
<code>time</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">append</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>, <code>tee</code>,
<code>time</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">archive</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">archive</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">archive-name</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">archive-name</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">arglength</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">arglength</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">assign</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-v</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">assign</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-v</span></samp>’ in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">assume-new</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">assume-new</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">assume-old</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">assume-old</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">auto-check</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">auto-check</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">auto-pager</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">auto-pager</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">auto-reference</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">auto-reference</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">avoid-wraps</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">avoid-wraps</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">background</span></samp>'<dd>For server
programs, run in the background.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">background</span></samp>’<dd>For server programs, run in the
background.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">backward-search</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">backward-search</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">basename</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">basename</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">batch</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">batch</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">baud</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">baud</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">before</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>tac</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">before</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>tac</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">binary</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code> and <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">binary</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code> and <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">bits-per-code</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">bits-per-code</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">block-size</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>cpio</code> and <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">block-size</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>cpio</code> and
<code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">blocks</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>head</code> and <code>tail</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">blocks</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>head</code> and <code>tail</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">break-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">break-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">brief</span></samp>'<dd>Used in various
programs to make output shorter.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">brief</span></samp>’<dd>Used in various programs to make
output shorter.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">bytes</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>head</code>, <code>split</code>, and
<code>tail</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">bytes</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>head</code>, <code>split</code>,
and <code>tail</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">c</span><tt>++</tt></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">c</span><tt>++</tt></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">catenate</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">catenate</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">cd</span></samp>'<dd>Used in various
programs to specify the directory to use.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">cd</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in various programs to specify the directory to use.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">changes</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>chgrp</code> and <code>chown</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">changes</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>chgrp</code> and
<code>chown</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">classify</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">classify</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">colons</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">colons</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">command</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>su</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">command</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>su</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">compare</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">compare</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">compat</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">compat</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">compress</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-Z</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code> and <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">compress</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Z</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code> and <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">concatenate</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">concatenate</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">confirmation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">confirmation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">context</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">context</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">copyleft</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W copyleft</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">copyleft</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W copyleft</span></samp>’ in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">copyright</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>, <code>recode</code>, and
<code>wdiff</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-W copyright</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">copyright</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>, <code>recode</code>,
and <code>wdiff</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-W copyright</span></samp>’ in
<code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">core</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">core</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">count</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">count</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">count-links</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">count-links</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">create</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>tar</code> and <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">create</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>tar</code> and
<code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">cut-mark</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">cut-mark</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">cxref</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">cxref</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">date</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>touch</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">date</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>touch</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">debug</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in Make and <code>m4</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">debug</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in Make and <code>m4</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">define</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">define</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">defines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in Bison and <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">defines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in Bison and <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">delete</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">delete</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">dereference</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>' in <code>chgrp</code>, <code>chown</code>,
<code>cpio</code>, <code>du</code>,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dereference</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>’ in <code>chgrp</code>, <code>chown</code>,
<code>cpio</code>, <code>du</code>,
<code>ls</code>, and <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">dereference-args</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dereference-args</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">device</span></samp>'<dd>Specify an I/O
device (special file name).
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">device</span></samp>’<dd>Specify an I/O device (special file
name).
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">diacritics</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">diacritics</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">dictionary-order</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>look</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dictionary-order</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>look</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">diff</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">diff</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">digits</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">digits</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">directory</span></samp>'<dd>Specify the
directory to use, in various programs. In <code>ls</code>, it
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">directory</span></samp>’<dd>Specify the directory to use, in
various programs. In <code>ls</code>, it
means to show directories themselves rather than their contents. In
<code>rm</code> and <code>ln</code>, it means to not treat links to directories
specially.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">discard-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>strip</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">discard-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>strip</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">discard-locals</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>' in <code>strip</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">discard-locals</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>’ in <code>strip</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">dry-run</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dry-run</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">ed</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ed</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">elide-empty-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">elide-empty-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">end-delete</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">end-delete</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">end-insert</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">end-insert</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">entire-new-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">entire-new-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">environment-overrides</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">environment-overrides</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">eof</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">eof</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">epoch</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">epoch</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">error-limit</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">error-limit</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">error-output</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">error-output</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">escape</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">escape</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">exclude-from</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">exclude-from</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">exec</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">exec</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">exit</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">exit</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">exit-0</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>unshar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">exit-0</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>unshar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">expand-tabs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">expand-tabs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">expression</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>sed</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">expression</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>sed</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">extern-only</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">extern-only</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">extract</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">extract</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">faces</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>finger</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">faces</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>finger</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">fast</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>su</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fast</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>su</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">fatal-warnings</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fatal-warnings</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>info</code>, <code>gawk</code>, Make,
<code>mt</code>, and <code>tar</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>sed</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>touch</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>info</code>, <code>gawk</code>,
Make, <code>mt</code>, and <code>tar</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>sed</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>touch</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">field-separator</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">field-separator</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">file-prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">file-prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">file-type</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">file-type</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">files-from</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">files-from</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">fill-column</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fill-column</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">flag-truncation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">flag-truncation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">fixed-output-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-y</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fixed-output-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-y</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">follow</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>tail</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">follow</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>tail</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">footnote-style</span></samp>'<dd>Used
in <code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">footnote-style</span></samp>’<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">force</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>, and <code>rm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">force</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>, and <code>rm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">force-prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">force-prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">foreground</span></samp>'<dd>For server
programs, run in the foreground;
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">foreground</span></samp>’<dd>For server programs, run in the
foreground;
in other words, don't do anything special to run the server
in the background.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">format</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>ls</code>, <code>time</code>, and <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">format</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>ls</code>,
<code>time</code>, and <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">freeze-state</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">freeze-state</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">fullname</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fullname</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">gap-size</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">gap-size</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">get</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">get</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">graphic</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>ul</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">graphic</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>ul</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">graphics</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">graphics</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">group</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>install</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">group</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>install</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">gzip</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code> and <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">gzip</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code> and <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">hashsize</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">hashsize</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">header</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-h</span></samp>' in <code>objdump</code> and <code>recode</code>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">header</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-h</span></samp>’ in <code>objdump</code> and
<code>recode</code>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">heading</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">heading</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">help</span></samp>'<dd>Used to ask for
brief usage information.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">help</span></samp>’<dd>Used
to ask for brief usage information.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">here-delimiter</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">here-delimiter</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">hide-control-chars</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">hide-control-chars</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">html</span></samp>'<dd>In
<code>makeinfo</code>, output HTML.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">html</span></samp>’<dd>In
<code>makeinfo</code>, output HTML.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">idle</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">idle</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">ifdef</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ifdef</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">ignore</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-all-space</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-all-space</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-backups</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-backups</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-blank-lines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-blank-lines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-case</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>look</code> and <code>ptx</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code> and
<code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-case</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>look</code> and <code>ptx</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>
and <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-errors</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-errors</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-indentation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-indentation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-init-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in Oleo.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-init-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in Oleo.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-interrupts</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>tee</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-interrupts</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>tee</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-matching-lines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-matching-lines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-space-change</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-space-change</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-zeros</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-zeros</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">include</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">include</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">include-dir</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">include-dir</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">incremental</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-G</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">incremental</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-G</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">info</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>', `<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>',
and `<samp><span class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in Finger.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">info</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in Finger.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">init-file</span></samp>'<dd>In some
programs, specify the name of the file to read as the user's
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">init-file</span></samp>’<dd>In some programs, specify the
name of the file to read as the user's
init file.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">initial</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>expand</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">initial</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>expand</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">initial-tab</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">initial-tab</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">inode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">inode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">interactive</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>, <code>rm</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">interactive</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>, <code>rm</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">intermix-type</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">intermix-type</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">iso-8601</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>date</code>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">iso-8601</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>date</code>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">jobs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-j</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">jobs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-j</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">just-print</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">just-print</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">keep-going</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">keep-going</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">keep-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">keep-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">kilobytes</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>' in <code>du</code> and <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">kilobytes</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code> and <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">language</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">language</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">less-mode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">less-mode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">level-for-gzip</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">level-for-gzip</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">line-bytes</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>' in <code>split</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">line-bytes</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>’ in <code>split</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">lines</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>split</code>, <code>head</code>, and <code>tail</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">lines</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>split</code>,
<code>head</code>, and <code>tail</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">link</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">link</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">lint</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">lint-old</span></samp>'<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">lint</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">lint-old</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">list</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">list</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">list</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">list</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">literal</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">literal</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">load-average</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">load-average</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">login</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>su</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">login</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>su</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">machine</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">machine</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">macro-name</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">macro-name</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mail</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>hello</code> and <code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mail</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>hello</code> and
<code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">make-directories</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">make-directories</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">makefile</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">makefile</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mapped</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mapped</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">max-args</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-args</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">max-chars</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-chars</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">max-lines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-lines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">max-load</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-load</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">max-procs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-procs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mesg</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mesg</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">message</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">message</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">minimal</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">minimal</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">mixed-uuencode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mixed-uuencode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>install</code>, <code>mkdir</code>, and
<code>mkfifo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>install</code>,
<code>mkdir</code>, and <code>mkfifo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">modification-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">modification-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">multi-volume</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">multi-volume</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">name-prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">name-prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">nesting-limit</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">nesting-limit</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">net-headers</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">net-headers</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">new-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">new-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-builtin-rules</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-builtin-rules</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-character-count</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-character-count</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-check-existing</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-check-existing</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-common</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-3</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-common</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-3</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-create</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>touch</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-create</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>touch</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-defines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-defines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-deleted</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-1</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-deleted</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-1</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-dereference</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-dereference</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-inserted</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-2</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-inserted</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-2</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-keep-going</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-keep-going</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-lines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-lines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-piping</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-piping</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-prof</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-prof</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-regex</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-regex</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-sort</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-sort</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-splash</span></samp>'<dd>Don't print
a startup splash screen.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-splash</span></samp>’<dd>Don't print a startup splash
screen.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-split</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-split</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-static</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-static</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-timestamp</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-timestamp</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-validate</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-validate</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-wait</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>emacsclient</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-wait</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>emacsclient</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-warn</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
various programs to inhibit warnings.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-warn</span></samp>’<dd>Used in various programs to
inhibit warnings.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">node</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>info</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">node</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>info</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">nodename</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">nodename</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">nonmatching</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">nonmatching</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">nstuff</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>objdump</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">nstuff</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>objdump</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">null</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-0</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">null</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-0</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">number</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">number</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">number-nonblank</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">number-nonblank</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">numeric-sort</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">numeric-sort</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">numeric-uid-gid</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code> and <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">numeric-uid-gid</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code> and <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">nx</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">nx</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">old-archive</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">old-archive</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">old-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">old-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">one-file-system</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>, <code>cp</code>, and
<code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">one-file-system</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>, <code>cp</code>, and
<code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">only-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">only-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">only-prof</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">only-prof</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">only-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">only-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">options</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>getopt</code>, <code>fdlist</code>,
<code>fdmount</code>,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">options</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>getopt</code>,
<code>fdlist</code>, <code>fdmount</code>,
<code>fdmountd</code>, and <code>fdumount</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">output</span></samp>'<dd>In various
programs, specify the output file name.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">output</span></samp>’<dd>In
various programs, specify the output file name.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">output-prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">output-prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">override</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>rm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">override</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>rm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">overwrite</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>unshar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">overwrite</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>unshar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">owner</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>install</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">owner</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>install</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">paginate</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">paginate</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">paragraph-indent</span></samp>'<dd>Used
in <code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">paragraph-indent</span></samp>’<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">parents</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>mkdir</code> and <code>rmdir</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">parents</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>mkdir</code> and
<code>rmdir</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">pass-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>ul</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">pass-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>ul</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">pass-through</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">pass-through</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">port</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>' in <code>finger</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">port</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ in <code>finger</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">portability</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code> and <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">portability</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code> and <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">posix</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">posix</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">prefix-builtins</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">prefix-builtins</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">preserve</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>tar</code> and <code>cp</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>tar</code> and
<code>cp</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-environment</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>su</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-environment</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>su</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-modification-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-modification-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-order</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-order</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-permissions</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-permissions</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">print</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-chars</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>' in <code>cmp</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-chars</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>’ in <code>cmp</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-data-base</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-data-base</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-directory</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-directory</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-file-name</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-file-name</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-symdefs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-symdefs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">printer</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">printer</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">prompt</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>ed</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">prompt</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>ed</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">proxy</span></samp>'<dd>Specify an HTTP
proxy.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">proxy</span></samp>’<dd>Specify an HTTP proxy.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">query-user</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">query-user</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">question</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">question</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">quiet</span></samp>'<dd>Used in many
programs to inhibit the usual output. Every
-program accepting `<samp><span class="samp">--quiet</span></samp>' should
accept `<samp><span class="samp">--silent</span></samp>' as a
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">quiet</span></samp>’<dd>Used in many programs to inhibit the
usual output. Every
+program accepting ‘<samp><span class="samp">--quiet</span></samp>’
should accept ‘<samp><span class="samp">--silent</span></samp>’ as a
synonym.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">quiet-unshar</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-Q</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">quiet-unshar</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Q</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">quote-name</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-Q</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">quote-name</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Q</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">rcs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">rcs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">re-interval</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">re-interval</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">read-full-blocks</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">read-full-blocks</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">readnow</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">readnow</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">recon</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">recon</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">record-number</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">record-number</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">recursive</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>chgrp</code>, <code>chown</code>, <code>cp</code>, <code>ls</code>,
<code>diff</code>,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">recursive</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>chgrp</code>,
<code>chown</code>, <code>cp</code>, <code>ls</code>, <code>diff</code>,
and <code>rm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">reference-limit</span></samp>'<dd>Used
in <code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reference-limit</span></samp>’<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">references</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">references</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">regex</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>tac</code> and <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">regex</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>tac</code> and <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">release</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">release</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">reload-state</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reload-state</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">relocation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>objdump</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">relocation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>objdump</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">rename</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">rename</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">replace</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">replace</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">report-identical-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">report-identical-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">reset-access-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reset-access-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">reverse</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code> and <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reverse</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code> and <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">reversed-ed</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reversed-ed</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">right-side-defs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">right-side-defs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">same-order</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">same-order</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">same-permissions</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">same-permissions</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">save</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>stty</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">save</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>stty</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">se</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">se</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">sentence-regexp</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sentence-regexp</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">separate-dirs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">separate-dirs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">separator</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>tac</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">separator</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>tac</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sequence</span></samp>'<dd>Used by
<code>recode</code> to chose files or pipes for sequencing passes.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sequence</span></samp>’<dd>Used by <code>recode</code> to
chose files or pipes for sequencing passes.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">shell</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>su</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">shell</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>su</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">show-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">show-c-function</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-c-function</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">show-ends</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-ends</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">show-function-line</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-function-line</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">show-tabs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-tabs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">silent</span></samp>'<dd>Used in many
programs to inhibit the usual output.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">silent</span></samp>’<dd>Used in many programs to inhibit
the usual output.
Every program accepting
-`<samp><span class="samp">--silent</span></samp>' should accept `<samp><span
class="samp">--quiet</span></samp>' as a synonym.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--silent</span></samp>’ should accept
‘<samp><span class="samp">--quiet</span></samp>’ as a synonym.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">size</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">size</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">socket</span></samp>'<dd>Specify a file
descriptor for a network server to use for its socket,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">socket</span></samp>’<dd>Specify a file descriptor for a
network server to use for its socket,
instead of opening and binding a new socket. This provides a way to
run, in a non-privileged process, a server that normally needs a
reserved port number.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sort</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">sort</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">source</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W source</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">source</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span class="samp">-W
source</span></samp>’ in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sparse</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sparse</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">speed-large-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">speed-large-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">split-at</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>' in <code>unshar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">split-at</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ in <code>unshar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">split-size-limit</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">split-size-limit</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">squeeze-blank</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">squeeze-blank</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">start-delete</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">start-delete</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">start-insert</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-y</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">start-insert</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-y</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">starting-file</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>tar</code> and <code>diff</code> to specify which file within
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">starting-file</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>tar</code> and
<code>diff</code> to specify which file within
a directory to start processing with.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">statistics</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">statistics</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">stdin-file-list</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">stdin-file-list</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">stop</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">stop</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">strict</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">strict</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">strip</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>install</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">strip</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>install</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">strip-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>strip</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">strip-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>strip</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">strip-debug</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>strip</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">strip-debug</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>strip</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">submitter</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">submitter</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">suffix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">suffix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">suffix-format</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">suffix-format</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sum</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sum</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">summarize</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">summarize</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">symbolic</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>ln</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">symbolic</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>ln</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">symbols</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB
and <code>objdump</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">symbols</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB and
<code>objdump</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">synclines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">synclines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sysname</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sysname</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">tabs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>expand</code> and <code>unexpand</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">tabs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>expand</code> and
<code>unexpand</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">tabsize</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">tabsize</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">terminal</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>tput</code> and <code>ul</code>.
-`<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">terminal</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>tput</code> and <code>ul</code>.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">text</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">text</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">text-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">text-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">time</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>ls</code> and <code>touch</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">time</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in <code>ls</code> and <code>touch</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">timeout</span></samp>'<dd>Specify how
long to wait before giving up on some operation.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">timeout</span></samp>’<dd>Specify how long to wait before
giving up on some operation.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">to-stdout</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-O</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">to-stdout</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-O</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">total</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">total</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">touch</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in Make, <code>ranlib</code>, and
<code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">touch</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in Make, <code>ranlib</code>, and
<code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">trace</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">trace</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">traditional</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>hello</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-W traditional</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-G</span></samp>' in <code>ed</code>,
<code>m4</code>, and <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">traditional</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>hello</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-W traditional</span></samp>’ in
<code>gawk</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-G</span></samp>’ in <code>ed</code>,
<code>m4</code>, and <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">tty</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">tty</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">typedefs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">typedefs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">typedefs-and-c++</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">typedefs-and-c++</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">typeset-mode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">typeset-mode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">uncompress</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">uncompress</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">unconditional</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">unconditional</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">undefine</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-U</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">undefine</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-U</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">undefined-only</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">undefined-only</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">update</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ctags</code>,
<code>mv</code>, <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">update</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ctags</code>,
<code>mv</code>, <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">usage</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>gawk</code>; same as `<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>'.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">usage</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>; same as
‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">uuencode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">uuencode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">vanilla-operation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">vanilla-operation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">verbose</span></samp>'<dd>Print more
information about progress. Many programs support this.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">verbose</span></samp>’<dd>Print more information about
progress. Many programs support this.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">verify</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">verify</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">version</span></samp>'<dd>Print the
version number.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">version</span></samp>’<dd>Print the version number.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">version-control</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">version-control</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">vgrind</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-v</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">vgrind</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-v</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">volume</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">volume</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">what-if</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">what-if</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">whole-size-limit</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">whole-size-limit</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">width</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code> and <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">width</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code> and <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">word-regexp</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">word-regexp</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">writable</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">writable</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">zeros</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">zeros</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
</dl>
<div class="node">
@@ -2153,8 +2264,8 @@
<p><a name="index-commenting-63"></a>
Every program should start with a comment saying briefly what it is for.
-Example: `<samp><span class="samp">fmt - filter for simple filling of
text</span></samp>'. This comment
-should be at the top of the source file containing the `<samp><span
class="samp">main</span></samp>'
+Example: ‘<samp><span class="samp">fmt - filter for simple filling of
text</span></samp>’. This comment
+should be at the top of the source file containing the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">main</span></samp>’
function of the program.
<p>Also, please write a brief comment at the start of each source file,
@@ -2206,10 +2317,10 @@
zero means continue them. */
int truncate_lines;
</pre>
- <p><a name="index-conditionals_002c-comments-for-64"></a><a
name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_0023endif_007d_002c-commenting-65"></a>Every
`<samp><span class="samp">#endif</span></samp>' should have a comment, except
in the case of short
+ <p><a name="index-conditionals_002c-comments-for-64"></a><a
name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_0023endif_007d_002c-commenting-65"></a>Every
‘<samp><span class="samp">#endif</span></samp>’ should have a
comment, except in the case of short
conditionals (just a few lines) that are not nested. The comment should
state the condition of the conditional that is ending, <em>including
-its sense</em>. `<samp><span class="samp">#else</span></samp>' should have a
comment describing the condition
+its sense</em>. ‘<samp><span class="samp">#else</span></samp>’
should have a comment describing the condition
<em>and sense</em> of the code that follows. For example:
<pre class="example"> #ifdef foo
@@ -2221,7 +2332,7 @@
...
#endif /* foo */
</pre>
- <p class="noindent">but, by contrast, write the comments this way for a
`<samp><span class="samp">#ifndef</span></samp>':
+ <p class="noindent">but, by contrast, write the comments this way for a
‘<samp><span class="samp">#ifndef</span></samp>’:
<pre class="example"> #ifndef foo
...
@@ -2249,9 +2360,9 @@
declare functions to return <code>int</code> rather than omitting the
<code>int</code>.
- <p><a name="index-compiler-warnings-69"></a><a
name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dWall_007d-compiler-option-70"></a>Some
programmers like to use the GCC `<samp><span class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>'
option, and change the
+ <p><a name="index-compiler-warnings-69"></a><a
name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dWall_007d-compiler-option-70"></a>Some
programmers like to use the GCC ‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>’ option, and change the
code whenever it issues a warning. If you want to do this, then do.
-Other programmers prefer not to use `<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>', because it gives
+Other programmers prefer not to use ‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>’, because it gives
warnings for valid and legitimate code which they do not want to change.
If you want to do this, then do. The compiler should be your servant,
not your master.
@@ -2393,7 +2504,7 @@
int ignore_space_change_flag;
</pre>
<p>When you want to define names with constant integer values, use
-<code>enum</code> rather than `<samp><span
class="samp">#define</span></samp>'. GDB knows about enumeration
+<code>enum</code> rather than ‘<samp><span
class="samp">#define</span></samp>’. GDB knows about enumeration
constants.
<p><a name="index-file_002dname-limitations-75"></a><a
name="index-doschk-76"></a>You might want to make sure that none of the file
names would conflict
@@ -2456,7 +2567,7 @@
You're free to praise Microsoft Windows on your own if you want, but
please don't do this in GNU packages. Instead of abbreviating
“Windows” to “un”, you can write it in full or
abbreviate it to
-“woe” or “w”. In GNU Emacs, for instance, we use
`<samp><span class="samp">w32</span></samp>' in
+“woe” or “w”. In GNU Emacs, for instance, we use
‘<samp><span class="samp">w32</span></samp>’ in
file names of Windows-specific files, but the macro for Windows
conditionals is called <code>WINDOWSNT</code>.
@@ -2536,7 +2647,7 @@
argument types are not trivial.
<p>In particular, if functions accept varying argument counts or types
-they should be declared using prototypes containing `<samp><span
class="samp">...</span></samp>' and
+they should be declared using prototypes containing ‘<samp><span
class="samp">...</span></samp>’ and
defined using <samp><span class="file">stdarg.h</span></samp>. For an example
of this, please see the
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/";>Gnulib</a> error module, which
declares and defines the following function:
@@ -2655,7 +2766,7 @@
<pre class="example"> strcpy strncpy strcat strncat
strlen strcmp strncmp
strchr strrchr
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>The copy and concatenate functions work fine without a declaration as
long as you don't use their values. Using their values without a
declaration fails on systems where the width of a pointer differs from
@@ -2692,7 +2803,7 @@
char *strchr ();
char *strrchr ();
- </pre>
+</pre>
</ul>
<p>Here we assume that <code>HAVE_STRCHR</code> and
<code>HAVE_STRRCHR</code> are
@@ -2732,7 +2843,7 @@
name</dfn> for the package. The text domain name is used to separate the
translations for this package from the translations for other packages.
Normally, the text domain name should be the same as the name of the
-package—for example, `<samp><span class="samp">coreutils</span></samp>'
for the GNU core utilities.
+package—for example, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">coreutils</span></samp>’ for the GNU core utilities.
<p><a name="index-message-text_002c-and-internationalization-89"></a>To
enable gettext to work well, avoid writing code that makes
assumptions about the structure of words or sentences. When you want
@@ -2840,8 +2951,8 @@
<p><a name="index-quote-characters-94"></a><a
name="index-locale_002dspecific-quote-characters-95"></a><a
name="index-left-quote-96"></a><a name="index-grave-accent-97"></a>
In the C locale, GNU programs should stick to plain ASCII for quotation
-characters in messages to users: preferably 0x60 (`<samp><span
class="samp">`</span></samp>') for left
-quotes and 0x27 (`<samp><span class="samp">'</span></samp>') for right quotes.
It is ok, but not
+characters in messages to users: preferably 0x60 (‘<samp><span
class="samp">`</span></samp>’) for left
+quotes and 0x27 (‘<samp><span class="samp">'</span></samp>’) for
right quotes. It is ok, but not
required, to use locale-specific quotes in other locales.
<p>The <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/";>Gnulib</a>
<code>quote</code> and
@@ -2851,13 +2962,13 @@
character. See the Gnulib documentation for usage details.
<p>In any case, the documentation for your program should clearly specify
-how it does quoting, if different than the preferred method of `<samp><span
class="samp">`</span></samp>'
-and `<samp><span class="samp">'</span></samp>'. This is especially important
if the output of your
+how it does quoting, if different than the preferred method of
‘<samp><span class="samp">`</span></samp>’
+and ‘<samp><span class="samp">'</span></samp>’. This is
especially important if the output of your
program is ever likely to be parsed by another program.
<p>Quotation characters are a difficult area in the computing world at
this time: there are no true left or right quote characters in Latin1;
-the `<samp><span class="samp">`</span></samp>' character we use was
standardized there as a grave
+the ‘<samp><span class="samp">`</span></samp>’ character we use
was standardized there as a grave
accent. Moreover, Latin1 is still not universally usable.
<p>Unicode contains the unambiguous quote characters required, and its
@@ -3033,7 +3144,7 @@
a computer program. Please use “invalid” for this, and reserve the
term “illegal” for activities prohibited by law.
- <p>Please do not write `<samp><span class="samp">()</span></samp>' after a
function name just to indicate
+ <p>Please do not write ‘<samp><span
class="samp">()</span></samp>’ after a function name just to indicate
it is a function. <code>foo ()</code> is not a function, it is a function
call with no arguments.
@@ -3091,10 +3202,10 @@
number for the manual in both of these places.
<p>Each program documented in the manual should have a node named
-`<samp><var>program</var><span class="samp"> Invocation</span></samp>' or
`<samp><span class="samp">Invoking </span><var>program</var></samp>'. This
+‘<samp><var>program</var><span class="samp">
Invocation</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">Invoking
</span><var>program</var></samp>’. This
node (together with its subnodes, if any) should describe the program's
command line arguments and how to run it (the sort of information people
-would look for in a man page). Start with an `<samp><span
class="samp">@example</span></samp>'
+would look for in a man page). Start with an ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@example</span></samp>’
containing a template for all the options and arguments that the program
uses.
@@ -3102,7 +3213,7 @@
the above patterns. This identifies the node which that item points to
as the node for this purpose, regardless of the node's actual name.
- <p>The `<samp><span class="samp">--usage</span></samp>' feature of the Info
reader looks for such a node
+ <p>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">--usage</span></samp>’ feature
of the Info reader looks for such a node
or menu item in order to find the relevant text, so it is essential
for every Texinfo file to have one.
@@ -3312,7 +3423,7 @@
they won't find it when they search.
<p>For example, some people are tempted to abbreviate groups of function
-names by writing `<samp><span class="samp">* register.el
({insert,jump-to}-register)</span></samp>';
+names by writing ‘<samp><span class="samp">* register.el
({insert,jump-to}-register)</span></samp>’;
this is not a good idea, since searching for <code>jump-to-register</code> or
<code>insert-register</code> would not find that entry.
@@ -3322,8 +3433,8 @@
name and the asterisk when successive entries are in the same file.
<p>Break long lists of function names by closing continued lines with
-`<samp><span class="samp">)</span></samp>', rather than `<samp><span
class="samp">,</span></samp>', and opening the continuation with
-`<samp><span class="samp">(</span></samp>' as in this example:
+‘<samp><span class="samp">)</span></samp>’, rather than
‘<samp><span class="samp">,</span></samp>’, and opening the
continuation with
+‘<samp><span class="samp">(</span></samp>’ as in this example:
<pre class="example"> * keyboard.c (menu_bar_items, tool_bar_items)
(Fexecute_extended_command): Deal with `keymap' property.
@@ -3416,7 +3527,7 @@
</pre>
<p>Here is an entry for a change within the function
<code>init_display</code>,
whose definition as a whole is unconditional, but the changes themselves
-are contained in a `<samp><span class="samp">#ifdef
HAVE_LIBNCURSES</span></samp>' conditional:
+are contained in a ‘<samp><span class="samp">#ifdef
HAVE_LIBNCURSES</span></samp>’ conditional:
<pre class="example"> * dispnew.c (init_display) [HAVE_LIBNCURSES]: If X,
call tgetent.
</pre>
@@ -3594,18 +3705,18 @@
if run, will recreate the same configuration.
<p>The <code>configure</code> script should accept an option of the form
-`<samp><span class="samp">--srcdir=</span><var>dirname</var></samp>' to
specify the directory where sources are found
+‘<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir=</span><var>dirname</var></samp>’ to specify the
directory where sources are found
(if it is not the current directory). This makes it possible to build
the program in a separate directory, so that the actual source directory
is not modified.
- <p>If the user does not specify `<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>', then <code>configure</code> should
+ <p>If the user does not specify ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>’, then <code>configure</code> should
check both <samp><span class="file">.</span></samp> and <samp><span
class="file">..</span></samp> to see if it can find the sources. If
it finds the sources in one of these places, it should use them from
there. Otherwise, it should report that it cannot find the sources, and
should exit with nonzero status.
- <p>Usually the easy way to support `<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>' is by editing a
+ <p>Usually the easy way to support ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>’ is by editing a
definition of <code>VPATH</code> into the Makefile. Some rules may need to
refer explicitly to the specified source directory. To make this
possible, <code>configure</code> can add to the Makefile a variable named
@@ -3618,20 +3729,20 @@
<pre class="example"> <var>cpu</var>-<var>company</var>-<var>system</var>
</pre>
<p>For example, an Athlon-based GNU/Linux system might be
-`<samp><span class="samp">i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>'.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>’.
<p>The <code>configure</code> script needs to be able to decode all
plausible
alternatives for how to describe a machine. Thus,
-`<samp><span class="samp">athlon-pc-gnu/linux</span></samp>' would be a valid
alias. There is a shell
+‘<samp><span class="samp">athlon-pc-gnu/linux</span></samp>’ would
be a valid alias. There is a shell
script called
<a
href="http://savannah.gnu.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs/*checkout*/config/config/config.sub";><samp><span
class="file">config.sub</span></samp></a> that you can use as a subroutine to
validate system
types and canonicalize aliases.
<p>The <code>configure</code> script should also take the option
<samp><span class="option">--build=</span><var>buildtype</var></samp>, which
should be equivalent to a
-plain <var>buildtype</var> argument. For example, `<samp><span
class="samp">configure
---build=i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>' is equivalent to `<samp><span
class="samp">configure
-i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>'. When the build type is not specified by an
option
+plain <var>buildtype</var> argument. For example, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">configure
+--build=i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>’ is equivalent to
‘<samp><span class="samp">configure
+i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>’. When the build type is not specified
by an option
or argument, the <code>configure</code> script should normally guess it using
the shell script
<a
href="http://savannah.gnu.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs/*checkout*/config/config/config.guess";><samp><span
class="file">config.guess</span></samp></a>.
@@ -3641,46 +3752,46 @@
of the package, or to adjust the name of some tools or arguments to them:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">--enable-</span><var>feature</var><span
class="samp">[=</span><var>parameter</var><span
class="samp">]</span></samp>'<dd>Configure the package to build and install an
optional user-level
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-</span><var>feature</var><span
class="samp">[=</span><var>parameter</var><span
class="samp">]</span></samp>’<dd>Configure the package to build and
install an optional user-level
facility called <var>feature</var>. This allows users to choose which
optional features to include. Giving an optional <var>parameter</var> of
-`<samp><span class="samp">no</span></samp>' should omit <var>feature</var>, if
it is built by default.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">no</span></samp>’ should omit
<var>feature</var>, if it is built by default.
- <p>No `<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>' option should
<strong>ever</strong> cause one feature to
-replace another. No `<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>' option
should ever substitute one
+ <p>No ‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>’
option should <strong>ever</strong> cause one feature to
+replace another. No ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--enable</span></samp>’ option should ever substitute one
useful behavior for another useful behavior. The only proper use for
-`<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>' is for questions of whether
to build part of the program
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>’ is for questions
of whether to build part of the program
or exclude it.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span><var>package</var></samp>'<dd><!--
@address@hidden@r{]} -->
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span><var>package</var></samp>’<dd><!--
@address@hidden@r{]} -->
The package <var>package</var> will be installed, so configure this package
to work with <var>package</var>.
<!-- Giving an optional @var{parameter} of -->
-<!-- @samp{no} should omit @var{package}, if it is used by default. -->
-<p>Possible values of <var>package</var> include
-`<samp><span class="samp">gnu-as</span></samp>' (or `<samp><span
class="samp">gas</span></samp>'), `<samp><span
class="samp">gnu-ld</span></samp>', `<samp><span
class="samp">gnu-libc</span></samp>',
-`<samp><span class="samp">gdb</span></samp>',
-`<samp><span class="samp">x</span></samp>',
+ <!-- @samp{no} should omit @var{package}, if it is used by default. -->
+ <p>Possible values of <var>package</var> include
+‘<samp><span class="samp">gnu-as</span></samp>’ (or
‘<samp><span class="samp">gas</span></samp>’), ‘<samp><span
class="samp">gnu-ld</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">gnu-libc</span></samp>’,
+‘<samp><span class="samp">gdb</span></samp>’,
+‘<samp><span class="samp">x</span></samp>’,
and
-`<samp><span class="samp">x-toolkit</span></samp>'.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">x-toolkit</span></samp>’.
- <p>Do not use a `<samp><span class="samp">--with</span></samp>' option to
specify the file name to use to
-find certain files. That is outside the scope of what `<samp><span
class="samp">--with</span></samp>'
+ <p>Do not use a ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with</span></samp>’ option to specify the file name to use
to
+find certain files. That is outside the scope of what ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with</span></samp>’
options are for.
- <br><dt>`<samp><var>variable</var><span
class="samp">=</span><var>value</var></samp>'<dd>Set the value of the variable
<var>variable</var> to <var>value</var>. This is
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><var>variable</var><span
class="samp">=</span><var>value</var></samp>’<dd>Set the value of the
variable <var>variable</var> to <var>value</var>. This is
used to override the default values of commands or arguments in the
-build process. For example, the user could issue `<samp><span
class="samp">configure
-CFLAGS=-g CXXFLAGS=-g</span></samp>' to build with debugging information and
without
+build process. For example, the user could issue ‘<samp><span
class="samp">configure
+CFLAGS=-g CXXFLAGS=-g</span></samp>’ to build with debugging information
and without
the default optimization.
<p>Specifying variables as arguments to <code>configure</code>, like this:
<pre class="example"> ./configure CC=gcc
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>is preferable to setting them in environment variables:
<pre class="example"> CC=gcc ./configure
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>as it helps to recreate the same configuration later with
<samp><span class="file">config.status</span></samp>.
</dl>
@@ -3688,11 +3799,11 @@
<p>All <code>configure</code> scripts should accept all of the
“detail”
options and the variable settings, whether or not they make any
difference to the particular package at hand. In particular, they
-should accept any option that starts with `<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span></samp>' or
-`<samp><span class="samp">--enable-</span></samp>'. This is so users will be
able to configure an
+should accept any option that starts with ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span></samp>’ or
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-</span></samp>’. This is so
users will be able to configure an
entire GNU source tree at once with a single set of options.
- <p>You will note that the categories `<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span></samp>' and `<samp><span
class="samp">--enable-</span></samp>'
+ <p>You will note that the categories ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--enable-</span></samp>’
are narrow: they <strong>do not</strong> provide a place for any sort of option
you might think of. That is deliberate. We want to limit the possible
configuration options in GNU software. We do not want GNU programs to
@@ -3713,7 +3824,7 @@
<p>To configure a cross-compiler, cross-assembler, or what have you, you
should specify a target different from the host, using the configure
-option `<samp><span
class="samp">--target=</span><var>targettype</var></samp>'. The syntax for
+option ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--target=</span><var>targettype</var></samp>’. The syntax
for
<var>targettype</var> is the same as for the host type. So the command would
look like this:
@@ -3721,7 +3832,7 @@
</pre>
<p>The target type normally defaults to the host type.
Programs for which cross-operation is not meaningful need not accept the
-`<samp><span class="samp">--target</span></samp>' option, because configuring
an entire operating system for
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--target</span></samp>’ option, because
configuring an entire operating system for
cross-operation is not a meaningful operation.
<p>Some programs have ways of configuring themselves automatically. If
@@ -3756,7 +3867,7 @@
<!-- Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. -->
<!-- A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU -->
<!-- Free Documentation License''. -->
-<p>This
+ <p>This
describes conventions for writing the Makefiles for GNU programs.
Using Automake will help you write a Makefile that follows these
conventions.
@@ -3810,7 +3921,7 @@
<p>The distinction between <samp><span class="file">./</span></samp> (the
<dfn>build directory</dfn>) and
<samp><span class="file">$(srcdir)/</span></samp> (the <dfn>source
directory</dfn>) is important because
-users can build in a separate directory using the `<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>' option
+users can build in a separate directory using the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>’ option
to <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp>. A rule of the form:
<pre class="smallexample"> foo.1 : foo.man sedscript
@@ -3819,10 +3930,10 @@
<p class="noindent">will fail when the build directory is not the source
directory, because
<samp><span class="file">foo.man</span></samp> and <samp><span
class="file">sedscript</span></samp> are in the source directory.
- <p>When using GNU <code>make</code>, relying on `<samp><span
class="samp">VPATH</span></samp>' to find the source
+ <p>When using GNU <code>make</code>, relying on ‘<samp><span
class="samp">VPATH</span></samp>’ to find the source
file will work in the case where there is a single dependency file,
-since the <code>make</code> automatic variable `<samp><span
class="samp">$<</span></samp>' will represent the
-source file wherever it is. (Many versions of <code>make</code> set
`<samp><span class="samp">$<</span></samp>'
+since the <code>make</code> automatic variable ‘<samp><span
class="samp">$<</span></samp>’ will represent the
+source file wherever it is. (Many versions of <code>make</code> set
‘<samp><span class="samp">$<</span></samp>’
only in implicit rules.) A Makefile target like
<pre class="smallexample"> foo.o : bar.c
@@ -3833,8 +3944,8 @@
<pre class="smallexample"> foo.o : bar.c
$(CC) -I. -I$(srcdir) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
</pre>
- <p class="noindent">in order to allow `<samp><span
class="samp">VPATH</span></samp>' to work correctly. When the target has
-multiple dependencies, using an explicit `<samp><span
class="samp">$(srcdir)</span></samp>' is the easiest
+ <p class="noindent">in order to allow ‘<samp><span
class="samp">VPATH</span></samp>’ to work correctly. When the target has
+multiple dependencies, using an explicit ‘<samp><span
class="samp">$(srcdir)</span></samp>’ is the easiest
way to make the rule work well. For example, the target above for
<samp><span class="file">foo.1</span></samp> is best written as:
@@ -3883,7 +3994,7 @@
<p>The compression program <code>gzip</code> can be used in the
<code>dist</code> rule.
<p>Stick to the generally supported options for these programs. For
-example, don't use `<samp><span class="samp">mkdir -p</span></samp>',
convenient as it may be, because
+example, don't use ‘<samp><span class="samp">mkdir
-p</span></samp>’, convenient as it may be, because
most systems don't support it.
<p>It is a good idea to avoid creating symbolic links in makefiles, since a
@@ -3906,7 +4017,7 @@
nothing bad happens if the system does not have the program in question.
Arrange to ignore an error from that command, and print a message before
the command to tell the user that failure of this command does not mean
-a problem. (The Autoconf `<samp><span
class="samp">AC_PROG_RANLIB</span></samp>' macro can help with
+a problem. (The Autoconf ‘<samp><span
class="samp">AC_PROG_RANLIB</span></samp>’ macro can help with
this.)
<p>If you use symbolic links, you should implement a fallback for systems
@@ -3936,7 +4047,7 @@
<p>In particular, you should run most utility programs via variables.
Thus, if you use Bison, have a variable named <code>BISON</code> whose default
-value is set with `<samp><span class="samp">BISON = bison</span></samp>', and
refer to it with
+value is set with ‘<samp><span class="samp">BISON =
bison</span></samp>’, and refer to it with
<code>$(BISON)</code> whenever you need to use Bison.
<p>File management utilities such as <code>ln</code>, <code>rm</code>,
<code>mv</code>, and
@@ -3944,7 +4055,7 @@
don't need to replace them with other programs.
<p>Each program-name variable should come with an options variable that is
-used to supply options to the program. Append `<samp><span
class="samp">FLAGS</span></samp>' to the
+used to supply options to the program. Append ‘<samp><span
class="samp">FLAGS</span></samp>’ to the
program-name variable name to get the options variable name—for
example, <code>BISONFLAGS</code>. (The names <code>CFLAGS</code> for the C
compiler, <code>YFLAGS</code> for yacc, and <code>LFLAGS</code> for lex, are
@@ -3965,10 +4076,10 @@
.c.o:
$(CC) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $<
</pre>
- <p>Do include the `<samp><span class="samp">-g</span></samp>' option in
<code>CFLAGS</code>, because that is not
+ <p>Do include the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-g</span></samp>’
option in <code>CFLAGS</code>, because that is not
<em>required</em> for proper compilation. You can consider it a default
that is only recommended. If the package is set up so that it is
-compiled with GCC by default, then you might as well include `<samp><span
class="samp">-O</span></samp>'
+compiled with GCC by default, then you might as well include
‘<samp><span class="samp">-O</span></samp>’
in the default value of <code>CFLAGS</code> as well.
<p>Put <code>CFLAGS</code> last in the compilation command, after other
variables
@@ -4090,22 +4201,22 @@
below. The default value of <code>prefix</code> should be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local</span></samp>.
When building the complete GNU system, the prefix will be empty and
<samp><span class="file">/usr</span></samp> will be a symbolic link to
<samp><span class="file">/</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@prefix@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@prefix@</span></samp>’.)
- <p>Running `<samp><span class="samp">make install</span></samp>' with a
different value of <code>prefix</code> from
+ <p>Running ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
install</span></samp>’ with a different value of <code>prefix</code> from
the one used to build the program should <em>not</em> recompile the
program.
<br><dt><code>exec_prefix</code><dd><a
name="index-exec_005fprefix-120"></a>A prefix used in constructing the default
values of some of the
variables listed below. The default value of <code>exec_prefix</code> should
be <code>$(prefix)</code>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@exec_prefix@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@exec_prefix@</span></samp>’.)
<p>Generally, <code>$(exec_prefix)</code> is used for directories that
contain
machine-specific files (such as executables and subroutine libraries),
while <code>$(prefix)</code> is used directly for other directories.
- <p>Running `<samp><span class="samp">make install</span></samp>' with a
different value of <code>exec_prefix</code>
+ <p>Running ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
install</span></samp>’ with a different value of <code>exec_prefix</code>
from the one used to build the program should <em>not</em> recompile the
program.
</dl>
@@ -4116,21 +4227,21 @@
<dt><code>bindir</code><dd><a name="index-bindir-121"></a>The directory for
installing executable programs that users can run.
This should normally be <samp><span class="file">/usr/local/bin</span></samp>,
but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(exec_prefix)/bin</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@bindir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@bindir@</span></samp>’.)
<br><dt><code>sbindir</code><dd><a name="index-sbindir-122"></a>The
directory for installing executable programs that can be run from
the shell, but are only generally useful to system administrators. This
should normally be <samp><span class="file">/usr/local/sbin</span></samp>, but
write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(exec_prefix)/sbin</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@sbindir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@sbindir@</span></samp>’.)
<br><dt><code>libexecdir</code><dd><a
name="index-libexecdir-123"></a><!-- This paragraph adjusted to avoid overfull
hbox -roland 5jul94 -->
The directory for installing executable programs to be run by other
programs rather than by users. This directory should normally be
<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/libexec</span></samp>, but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(exec_prefix)/libexec</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@libexecdir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@libexecdir@</span></samp>’.)
- <p>The definition of `<samp><span class="samp">libexecdir</span></samp>'
is the same for all packages, so
+ <p>The definition of ‘<samp><span
class="samp">libexecdir</span></samp>’ is the same for all packages, so
you should install your data in a subdirectory thereof. Most packages
install their data under <samp><span
class="file">$(libexecdir)/</span><var>package-name</var><span
class="file">/</span></samp>,
possibly within additional subdirectories thereof, such as
@@ -4159,34 +4270,34 @@
to put these various kinds of files in:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">datarootdir</span></samp>'<dd>The root of the
directory tree for read-only architecture-independent
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">datarootdir</span></samp>’<dd>The
root of the directory tree for read-only architecture-independent
data files. This should normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share</span></samp>, but
write it as <samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/share</span></samp>. (If you
are using Autoconf, write
-it as `<samp><span class="samp">@datarootdir@</span></samp>'.) `<samp><span
class="samp">datadir</span></samp>''s default value is
-based on this variable; so are `<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>', `<samp><span
class="samp">mandir</span></samp>', and
+it as ‘<samp><span class="samp">@datarootdir@</span></samp>’.)
‘<samp><span class="samp">datadir</span></samp>’'s default value is
+based on this variable; so are ‘<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">mandir</span></samp>’, and
others.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">datadir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing idiosyncratic read-only
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">datadir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
idiosyncratic read-only
architecture-independent data files for this program. This is usually
-the same place as `<samp><span class="samp">datarootdir</span></samp>', but we
use the two separate
+the same place as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">datarootdir</span></samp>’, but we use the two separate
variables so that you can move these program-specific files without
altering the location for Info files, man pages, etc.
<p>This should normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share</span></samp>, but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(datarootdir)</span></samp>. (If you are using
Autoconf, write it as
-`<samp><span class="samp">@datadir@</span></samp>'.)
+‘<samp><span class="samp">@datadir@</span></samp>’.)
- <p>The definition of `<samp><span class="samp">datadir</span></samp>' is
the same for all packages, so you
+ <p>The definition of ‘<samp><span
class="samp">datadir</span></samp>’ is the same for all packages, so you
should install your data in a subdirectory thereof. Most packages
install their data under <samp><span
class="file">$(datadir)/</span><var>package-name</var><span
class="file">/</span></samp>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sysconfdir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing read-only data files that pertain to a
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sysconfdir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
read-only data files that pertain to a
single machine–that is to say, files for configuring a host. Mailer
and network configuration files, <samp><span
class="file">/etc/passwd</span></samp>, and so forth belong
here. All the files in this directory should be ordinary ASCII text
files. This directory should normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/etc</span></samp>, but
write it as <samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/etc</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@sysconfdir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@sysconfdir@</span></samp>’.)
<p>Do not install executables here in this directory (they probably belong
in <samp><span class="file">$(libexecdir)</span></samp> or <samp><span
class="file">$(sbindir)</span></samp>). Also do not install
@@ -4194,33 +4305,33 @@
whose purpose is to change the configuration of the system excluded).
Those probably belong in <samp><span
class="file">$(localstatedir)</span></samp>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sharedstatedir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing architecture-independent data files which
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sharedstatedir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for
installing architecture-independent data files which
the programs modify while they run. This should normally be
<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/com</span></samp>, but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/com</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@sharedstatedir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@sharedstatedir@</span></samp>’.)
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">localstatedir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing data files which the programs modify while
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">localstatedir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
data files which the programs modify while
they run, and that pertain to one specific machine. Users should never
need to modify files in this directory to configure the package's
operation; put such configuration information in separate files that go
in <samp><span class="file">$(datadir)</span></samp> or <samp><span
class="file">$(sysconfdir)</span></samp>. <samp><span
class="file">$(localstatedir)</span></samp>
should normally be <samp><span class="file">/usr/local/var</span></samp>, but
write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/var</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@localstatedir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@localstatedir@</span></samp>’.)
</dl>
<p>These variables specify the directory for installing certain specific
types of files, if your program has them. Every GNU package should
-have Info files, so every program needs `<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>', but not all
-need `<samp><span class="samp">libdir</span></samp>' or `<samp><span
class="samp">lispdir</span></samp>'.
+have Info files, so every program needs ‘<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>’, but not all
+need ‘<samp><span class="samp">libdir</span></samp>’ or
‘<samp><span class="samp">lispdir</span></samp>’.
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">includedir</span></samp>'<dd><!-- rewritten to
avoid overfull hbox -roland -->
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">includedir</span></samp>’<dd><!--
rewritten to avoid overfull hbox -roland -->
The directory for installing header files to be included by user
-programs with the C `<samp><span class="samp">#include</span></samp>'
preprocessor directive. This
+programs with the C ‘<samp><span
class="samp">#include</span></samp>’ preprocessor directive. This
should normally be <samp><span class="file">/usr/local/include</span></samp>,
but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/include</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@includedir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@includedir@</span></samp>’.)
<p>Most compilers other than GCC do not look for header files in directory
<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/include</span></samp>. So installing the
header files this way is
@@ -4230,9 +4341,9 @@
header files in two places, one specified by <code>includedir</code> and one
specified by <code>oldincludedir</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">oldincludedir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing `<samp><span class="samp">#include</span></samp>'
header files for use with
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">oldincludedir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
‘<samp><span class="samp">#include</span></samp>’ header files for
use with
compilers other than GCC. This should normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/include</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, you can write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@oldincludedir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, you can write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@oldincludedir@</span></samp>’.)
<p>The Makefile commands should check whether the value of
<code>oldincludedir</code> is empty. If it is, they should not try to use
@@ -4248,85 +4359,85 @@
<p>To tell whether <samp><span class="file">foo.h</span></samp> came from
the Foo package, put a magic
string in the file—part of a comment—and <code>grep</code> for
that string.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">docdir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing documentation files (other than Info) for
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">docdir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
documentation files (other than Info) for
this package. By default, it should be
<samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/doc/</span><var>yourpkg</var></samp>, but it
should be written as
<samp><span class="file">$(datarootdir)/doc/</span><var>yourpkg</var></samp>.
(If you are using Autoconf,
-write it as `<samp><span class="samp">@docdir@</span></samp>'.) The
<var>yourpkg</var> subdirectory, which
+write it as ‘<samp><span class="samp">@docdir@</span></samp>’.)
The <var>yourpkg</var> subdirectory, which
may include a version number, prevents collisions among files with
common names, such as <samp><span class="file">README</span></samp>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">infodir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing the Info files for this package. By
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing the
Info files for this package. By
default, it should be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/info</span></samp>, but it should be
written as <samp><span class="file">$(datarootdir)/info</span></samp>. (If
you are using Autoconf,
-write it as `<samp><span class="samp">@infodir@</span></samp>'.)
<code>infodir</code> is separate from
+write it as ‘<samp><span class="samp">@infodir@</span></samp>’.)
<code>infodir</code> is separate from
<code>docdir</code> for compatibility with existing practice.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">htmldir</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">dvidir</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">pdfdir</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">psdir</span></samp>'<dd>Directories for installing documentation
files in the particular
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">htmldir</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dvidir</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">pdfdir</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">psdir</span></samp>’<dd>Directories for installing
documentation files in the particular
format. They should all be set to <code>$(docdir)</code> by default. (If
-you are using Autoconf, write them as `<samp><span
class="samp">@htmldir@</span></samp>',
-`<samp><span class="samp">@dvidir@</span></samp>', etc.) Packages which
supply several translations
+you are using Autoconf, write them as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@htmldir@</span></samp>’,
+‘<samp><span class="samp">@dvidir@</span></samp>’, etc.) Packages
which supply several translations
of their documentation should install them in
-`<samp><span class="samp">$(htmldir)/</span></samp>'<var>ll</var>,
`<samp><span class="samp">$(pdfdir)/</span></samp>'<var>ll</var>, etc. where
-<var>ll</var> is a locale abbreviation such as `<samp><span
class="samp">en</span></samp>' or `<samp><span
class="samp">pt_BR</span></samp>'.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">$(htmldir)/</span></samp>’<var>ll</var>,
‘<samp><span class="samp">$(pdfdir)/</span></samp>’<var>ll</var>,
etc. where
+<var>ll</var> is a locale abbreviation such as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">en</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span
class="samp">pt_BR</span></samp>’.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">libdir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for object files and libraries of object code. Do not
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">libdir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for object files and
libraries of object code. Do not
install executables here, they probably ought to go in <samp><span
class="file">$(libexecdir)</span></samp>
instead. The value of <code>libdir</code> should normally be
<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/lib</span></samp>, but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(exec_prefix)/lib</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@libdir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@libdir@</span></samp>’.)
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">lispdir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing any Emacs Lisp files in this package. By
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">lispdir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing any
Emacs Lisp files in this package. By
default, it should be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp</span></samp>, but it
should be written as <samp><span
class="file">$(datarootdir)/emacs/site-lisp</span></samp>.
- <p>If you are using Autoconf, write the default as `<samp><span
class="samp">@lispdir@</span></samp>'.
-In order to make `<samp><span class="samp">@lispdir@</span></samp>' work, you
need the following lines
+ <p>If you are using Autoconf, write the default as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@lispdir@</span></samp>’.
+In order to make ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@lispdir@</span></samp>’ work, you need the following lines
in your <samp><span class="file">configure.in</span></samp> file:
<pre class="example"> lispdir='${datarootdir}/emacs/site-lisp'
AC_SUBST(lispdir)
- </pre>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">localedir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing locale-specific message catalogs for this
+</pre>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">localedir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
locale-specific message catalogs for this
package. By default, it should be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/locale</span></samp>, but
it should be written as <samp><span
class="file">$(datarootdir)/locale</span></samp>. (If you are
-using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@localedir@</span></samp>'.) This directory
+using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@localedir@</span></samp>’.) This directory
usually has a subdirectory per locale.
</dl>
<p>Unix-style man pages are installed in one of the following:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mandir</span></samp>'<dd>The top-level directory
for installing the man pages (if any) for this
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">mandir</span></samp>’<dd>The
top-level directory for installing the man pages (if any) for this
package. It will normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/man</span></samp>, but you
should write it as <samp><span class="file">$(datarootdir)/man</span></samp>.
(If you are using
-Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span class="samp">@mandir@</span></samp>'.)
+Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@mandir@</span></samp>’.)
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">man1dir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing section 1 man pages. Write it as
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">man1dir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
section 1 man pages. Write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(mandir)/man1</span></samp>.
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">man2dir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory for
installing section 2 man pages. Write it as
+<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">man2dir</span></samp>’<dd>The
directory for installing section 2 man pages. Write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(mandir)/man2</span></samp>
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>'<dd>
+<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’<dd>
<strong>Don't make the primary documentation for any GNU software be a
man page. Write a manual in Texinfo instead. Man pages are just for
the sake of people running GNU software on Unix, which is a secondary
application only.</strong>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">manext</span></samp>'<dd>The file name
extension for the installed man page. This should contain
-a period followed by the appropriate digit; it should normally be `<samp><span
class="samp">.1</span></samp>'.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">manext</span></samp>’<dd>The file name extension for the
installed man page. This should contain
+a period followed by the appropriate digit; it should normally be
‘<samp><span class="samp">.1</span></samp>’.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">man1ext</span></samp>'<dd>The file name
extension for installed section 1 man pages.
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">man2ext</span></samp>'<dd>The file name
extension for installed section 2 man pages.
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>'<dd>Use these names
instead of `<samp><span class="samp">manext</span></samp>' if the package needs
to install man
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">man1ext</span></samp>’<dd>The file name extension for
installed section 1 man pages.
+<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">man2ext</span></samp>’<dd>The
file name extension for installed section 2 man pages.
+<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’<dd>Use these
names instead of ‘<samp><span class="samp">manext</span></samp>’ if
the package needs to install man
pages in more than one section of the manual.
</dl>
<p>And finally, you should set the following variable:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">srcdir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory for the
sources being compiled. The value of this
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">srcdir</span></samp>’<dd>The
directory for the sources being compiled. The value of this
variable is normally inserted by the <code>configure</code> shell script.
-(If you are using Autoconf, use `<samp><span class="samp">srcdir =
@srcdir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, use ‘<samp><span class="samp">srcdir =
@srcdir@</span></samp>’.)
</dl>
<p>For example:
@@ -4359,7 +4470,7 @@
they will work sensibly when the user does so.
<p>At times, not all of these variables may be implemented in the current
-release of Autoconf and/or Automake; but as of Autoconf <!-- /@w -->2.60,
we
+release of Autoconf and/or Automake; but as of Autoconf 2.60, we
believe all of them are. When any are missing, the descriptions here
serve as specifications for what Autoconf will implement. As a
programmer, you can either use a development version of Autoconf or
@@ -4380,17 +4491,17 @@
<p>All GNU programs should have the following targets in their Makefiles:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">all</span></samp>'<dd>Compile the entire
program. This should be the default target. This
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">all</span></samp>’<dd>Compile the
entire program. This should be the default target. This
target need not rebuild any documentation files; Info files should
normally be included in the distribution, and DVI (and other
documentation format) files should be made only when explicitly asked
for.
- <p>By default, the Make rules should compile and link with `<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>', so
+ <p>By default, the Make rules should compile and link with
‘<samp><span class="samp">-g</span></samp>’, so
that executable programs have debugging symbols. Users who don't mind
being helpless can strip the executables later if they wish.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">install</span></samp>'<dd>Compile the
program and copy the executables, libraries, and so on to
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install</span></samp>’<dd>Compile the program and copy the
executables, libraries, and so on to
the file names where they should reside for actual use. If there is a
simple test to verify that a program is properly installed, this target
should run that test.
@@ -4400,7 +4511,7 @@
<p>If possible, write the <code>install</code> target rule so that it
does not
modify anything in the directory where the program was built, provided
-`<samp><span class="samp">make all</span></samp>' has just been done. This is
convenient for building the
+‘<samp><span class="samp">make all</span></samp>’ has just been
done. This is convenient for building the
program under one user name and installing it under another.
<p>The commands should create all the directories in which files are to be
@@ -4410,7 +4521,7 @@
One way to do this is by means of an <code>installdirs</code> target
as described below.
- <p>Use `<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>' before any command for
installing a man page, so that
+ <p>Use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’ before any
command for installing a man page, so that
<code>make</code> will ignore any errors. This is in case there are systems
that don't have the Unix man page documentation system installed.
@@ -4422,8 +4533,8 @@
Here is a sample rule to install an Info file:
<!-- This example has been carefully formatted for the Make manual. -->
-<!-- Please do not reformat it without talking to address@hidden -->
-<pre class="smallexample"> $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info: foo.info
+ <!-- Please do not reformat it without talking to address@hidden -->
+ <pre class="smallexample"> $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info:
foo.info
$(POST_INSTALL)
# There may be a newer info file in . than in srcdir.
-if test -f foo.info; then d=.; \
@@ -4439,12 +4550,12 @@
install-info --dir-file=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/dir \
$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info; \
else true; fi
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>When writing the <code>install</code> target, you must classify all the
commands into three categories: normal ones, <dfn>pre-installation</dfn>
commands and <dfn>post-installation</dfn> commands. See <a
href="#Install-Command-Categories">Install Command Categories</a>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">install-html</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">install-dvi</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">install-pdf</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">install-ps</span></samp>'<dd>These targets install documentation
in formats other than Info;
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-html</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-dvi</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-pdf</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-ps</span></samp>’<dd>These targets install
documentation in formats other than Info;
they're intended to be called explicitly by the person installing the
package, if that format is desired. GNU prefers Info files, so these
must be installed by the <code>install</code> target.
@@ -4462,8 +4573,8 @@
commands for the <var>format</var> target, for example, by making
<var>format</var> a dependency.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">uninstall</span></samp>'<dd>Delete all
the installed files—the copies that the `<samp><span
class="samp">install</span></samp>'
-and `<samp><span class="samp">install-*</span></samp>' targets create.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">uninstall</span></samp>’<dd>Delete all the installed
files—the copies that the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">install</span></samp>’
+and ‘<samp><span class="samp">install-*</span></samp>’ targets
create.
<p>This rule should not modify the directories where compilation is done,
only the directories where files are installed.
@@ -4471,14 +4582,14 @@
<p>The uninstallation commands are divided into three categories, just
like
the installation commands. See <a href="#Install-Command-Categories">Install
Command Categories</a>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">install-strip</span></samp>'<dd>Like
<code>install</code>, but strip the executable files while installing
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-strip</span></samp>’<dd>Like <code>install</code>,
but strip the executable files while installing
them. In simple cases, this target can use the <code>install</code> target in
a simple way:
<pre class="smallexample"> install-strip:
$(MAKE) INSTALL_PROGRAM='$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -s' \
install
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>But if the package installs scripts as well as real executables, the
<code>install-strip</code> target can't just refer to the <code>install</code>
target; it has to strip the executables but not the scripts.
@@ -4493,50 +4604,50 @@
executable elsewhere in case there is a bug.
<!-- The gratuitous blank line here is to make the table look better -->
-<!-- in the printed Make manual. Please leave it in. -->
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">clean</span></samp>'<dd>
+ <!-- in the printed Make manual. Please leave it in. -->
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">clean</span></samp>’<dd>
Delete all files in the current directory that are normally created by
building the program. Also delete files in other directories if they
are created by this makefile. However, don't delete the files that
record the configuration. Also preserve files that could be made by
building, but normally aren't because the distribution comes with
them. There is no need to delete parent directories that were created
-with `<samp><span class="samp">mkdir -p</span></samp>', since they could have
existed anyway.
+with ‘<samp><span class="samp">mkdir -p</span></samp>’, since they
could have existed anyway.
<p>Delete <samp><span class="file">.dvi</span></samp> files here if they
are not part of the distribution.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">distclean</span></samp>'<dd>Delete all
files in the current directory (or created by this
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">distclean</span></samp>’<dd>Delete all files in the current
directory (or created by this
makefile) that are created by configuring or building the program. If
you have unpacked the source and built the program without creating
-any other files, `<samp><span class="samp">make distclean</span></samp>'
should leave only the files
+any other files, ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
distclean</span></samp>’ should leave only the files
that were in the distribution. However, there is no need to delete
-parent directories that were created with `<samp><span class="samp">mkdir
-p</span></samp>', since they
+parent directories that were created with ‘<samp><span
class="samp">mkdir -p</span></samp>’, since they
could have existed anyway.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mostlyclean</span></samp>'<dd>Like
`<samp><span class="samp">clean</span></samp>', but may refrain from deleting a
few files that people
-normally don't want to recompile. For example, the `<samp><span
class="samp">mostlyclean</span></samp>'
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mostlyclean</span></samp>’<dd>Like ‘<samp><span
class="samp">clean</span></samp>’, but may refrain from deleting a few
files that people
+normally don't want to recompile. For example, the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">mostlyclean</span></samp>’
target for GCC does not delete <samp><span
class="file">libgcc.a</span></samp>, because recompiling it
is rarely necessary and takes a lot of time.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">maintainer-clean</span></samp>'<dd>Delete almost everything that
can be reconstructed with this Makefile.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">maintainer-clean</span></samp>’<dd>Delete almost everything
that can be reconstructed with this Makefile.
This typically includes everything deleted by <code>distclean</code>, plus
more: C source files produced by Bison, tags tables, Info files, and
so on.
<p>The reason we say “almost everything” is that running the
command
-`<samp><span class="samp">make maintainer-clean</span></samp>' should not
delete <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp> even
+‘<samp><span class="samp">make maintainer-clean</span></samp>’
should not delete <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp> even
if <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp> can be remade using a rule
in the Makefile. More
-generally, `<samp><span class="samp">make maintainer-clean</span></samp>'
should not delete anything
+generally, ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
maintainer-clean</span></samp>’ should not delete anything
that needs to exist in order to run <samp><span
class="file">configure</span></samp> and then begin to
build the program. Also, there is no need to delete parent
-directories that were created with `<samp><span class="samp">mkdir
-p</span></samp>', since they could
+directories that were created with ‘<samp><span class="samp">mkdir
-p</span></samp>’, since they could
have existed anyway. These are the only exceptions;
<code>maintainer-clean</code> should delete everything else that can be
rebuilt.
- <p>The `<samp><span class="samp">maintainer-clean</span></samp>' target
is intended to be used by a maintainer of
+ <p>The ‘<samp><span
class="samp">maintainer-clean</span></samp>’ target is intended to be
used by a maintainer of
the package, not by ordinary users. You may need special tools to
-reconstruct some of the files that `<samp><span class="samp">make
maintainer-clean</span></samp>' deletes.
+reconstruct some of the files that ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
maintainer-clean</span></samp>’ deletes.
Since these files are normally included in the distribution, we don't
take care to make them easy to reconstruct. If you find you need to
unpack the full distribution again, don't blame us.
@@ -4546,18 +4657,18 @@
<pre class="smallexample"> @echo 'This command is intended for
maintainers to use; it'
@echo 'deletes files that may need special tools to rebuild.'
- </pre>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">TAGS</span></samp>'<dd>Update a tags
table for this program.
+</pre>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">TAGS</span></samp>’<dd>Update a tags table for this program.
<!-- ADR: how? -->
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">info</span></samp>'<dd>Generate any
Info files needed. The best way to write the rules is as
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">info</span></samp>’<dd>Generate any Info files needed. The
best way to write the rules is as
follows:
<pre class="smallexample"> info: foo.info
foo.info: foo.texi chap1.texi chap2.texi
$(MAKEINFO) $(srcdir)/foo.texi
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">You must define the variable <code>MAKEINFO</code> in
the Makefile. It should
run the <code>makeinfo</code> program, which is part of the Texinfo
distribution.
@@ -4568,7 +4679,7 @@
users build the package, ordinarily Make will not update the Info files
because they will already be up to date.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">dvi</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">html</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">pdf</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ps</span></samp>'<dd>Generate documentation files in the given
format. These targets
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dvi</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">html</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">pdf</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ps</span></samp>’<dd>Generate documentation files in the
given format. These targets
should always exist, but any or all can be a no-op if the given output
format cannot be generated. These targets should not be dependencies
of the <code>all</code> target; the user must manually invoke them.
@@ -4579,7 +4690,7 @@
foo.dvi: foo.texi chap1.texi chap2.texi
$(TEXI2DVI) $(srcdir)/foo.texi
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">You must define the variable <code>TEXI2DVI</code> in
the Makefile. It should
run the program <code>texi2dvi</code>, which is part of the Texinfo
distribution.<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-1" name="fnd-1"><sup>1</sup></a>
Alternatively,
@@ -4591,12 +4702,12 @@
foo.html: foo.texi chap1.texi chap2.texi
$(TEXI2HTML) $(srcdir)/foo.texi
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">Again, you would define the variable
<code>TEXI2HTML</code> in the Makefile;
for example, it might run <code>makeinfo --no-split --html</code>
(<samp><span class="command">makeinfo</span></samp> is part of the Texinfo
distribution).
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">dist</span></samp>'<dd>Create a
distribution tar file for this program. The tar file should be
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dist</span></samp>’<dd>Create a distribution tar file for
this program. The tar file should be
set up so that the file names in the tar file start with a subdirectory
name which is the name of the package it is a distribution for. This
name can include the version number.
@@ -4616,7 +4727,7 @@
distribution.
See <a href="#Releases">Making Releases</a>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">check</span></samp>'<dd>Perform
self-tests (if any). The user must build the program before
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">check</span></samp>’<dd>Perform self-tests (if any). The
user must build the program before
running the tests, but need not install the program; you should write
the self-tests so that they work when the program is built but not
installed.
@@ -4630,7 +4741,7 @@
the program before running the tests. You should not assume that
<samp><span class="file">$(bindir)</span></samp> is in the search path.
- <br><dt><code>installdirs</code><dd>It's useful to add a target named
`<samp><span class="samp">installdirs</span></samp>' to create the
+ <br><dt><code>installdirs</code><dd>It's useful to add a target named
‘<samp><span class="samp">installdirs</span></samp>’ to create the
directories where files are installed, and their parent directories.
There is a script called <samp><span class="file">mkinstalldirs</span></samp>
which is convenient for
this; you can find it in the Texinfo package.
@@ -4638,14 +4749,14 @@
You can use a rule like this:
<!-- This has been carefully formatted to look decent in the Make manual.
-->
-<!-- Please be sure not to make it extend any further to the right.-roland -->
-<pre class="smallexample"> # Make sure all installation directories
(e.g. $(bindir))
+ <!-- Please be sure not to make it extend any further to the
right.-roland -->
+ <pre class="smallexample"> # Make sure all installation
directories (e.g. $(bindir))
# actually exist by making them if necessary.
installdirs: mkinstalldirs
$(srcdir)/mkinstalldirs $(bindir) $(datadir) \
$(libdir) $(infodir) \
$(mandir)
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">or, if you wish to support <samp><span
class="env">DESTDIR</span></samp>,
<pre class="smallexample"> # Make sure all installation
directories (e.g. $(bindir))
@@ -4655,7 +4766,7 @@
$(DESTDIR)$(bindir) $(DESTDIR)$(datadir) \
$(DESTDIR)$(libdir) $(DESTDIR)$(infodir) \
$(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>This rule should not modify the directories where compilation is done.
It should do nothing but create installation directories.
</dl>
@@ -5406,13 +5517,49 @@
<h2 class="unnumbered">Index</h2>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>GNU Coding Standards</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
+<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
+<link title="Top" rel="top" href="#Top">
+<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
+<!--
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
+
+Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
+2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+with no Invariant Sections, with no
+Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts.
+A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
+Free Documentation License".-->
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
+<style type="text/css"><!--
+ pre.display { font-family:inherit }
+ pre.format { font-family:inherit }
+ pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller }
+ span.sc { font-variant:small-caps }
+ span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; }
+ span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; }
+--></style>
+</head>
+<body>
<ul class="index-cp" compact>
<li><a
href="#index-g_t_0040code_007b_0023endif_007d_002c-commenting-65"><code>#endif</code>,
commenting</a>: <a href="#Comments">Comments</a></li>
-<li><a
href="#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dhelp_007d-option-49">`<samp><span
class="samp">--help</span></samp>' option</a>: <a
href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line Interfaces</a></li>
-<li><a
href="#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dversion_007d-option-46">`<samp><span
class="samp">--version</span></samp>' option</a>: <a
href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line Interfaces</a></li>
-<li><a
href="#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dWall_007d-compiler-option-70">`<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>' compiler option</a>: <a
href="#Syntactic-Conventions">Syntactic Conventions</a></li>
+<li><a
href="#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dhelp_007d-output-49">‘<samp><span
class="samp">--help</span></samp>’ output</a>: <a
href="#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a></li>
+<li><a
href="#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dversion_007d-output-46">‘<samp><span
class="samp">--version</span></samp>’ output</a>: <a
href="#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a></li>
+<li><a
href="#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dWall_007d-compiler-option-70">‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>’ compiler option</a>: <a
href="#Syntactic-Conventions">Syntactic Conventions</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-accepting-contributions-7">accepting contributions</a>: <a
href="#Contributions">Contributions</a></li>
-<li><a href="#index-address-for-bug-reports-50">address for bug reports</a>:
<a href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line Interfaces</a></li>
+<li><a href="#index-address-for-bug-reports-50">address for bug reports</a>:
<a href="#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-g_t_0040sc_007bansi_007d-C-standard-17"><span
class="sc">ansi</span> C standard</a>: <a href="#Standard-C">Standard C</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-arbitrary-limits-on-data-19">arbitrary limits on data</a>:
<a href="#Semantics">Semantics</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-ASCII-characters-92">ASCII characters</a>: <a
href="#Character-Set">Character Set</a></li>
@@ -5422,8 +5569,8 @@
<li><a href="#index-binary-packages-126">binary packages</a>: <a
href="#Install-Command-Categories">Install Command Categories</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-bindir-121"><code>bindir</code></a>: <a
href="#Directory-Variables">Directory Variables</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-braces_002c-in-C-source-58">braces, in C source</a>: <a
href="#Formatting">Formatting</a></li>
-<li><a href="#index-bug-reports-51">bug reports</a>: <a
href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line Interfaces</a></li>
-<li><a href="#index-canonical-name-of-a-program-47">canonical name of a
program</a>: <a href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
+<li><a href="#index-bug-reports-51">bug reports</a>: <a
href="#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a></li>
+<li><a href="#index-canonical-name-of-a-program-47">canonical name of a
program</a>: <a href="#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-casting-pointers-to-integers-82">casting pointers to
integers</a>: <a href="#CPU-Portability">CPU Portability</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-CGI-programs_002c-standard-options-for-44">CGI programs,
standard options for</a>: <a href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-change-logs-104">change logs</a>: <a
href="#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></li>
@@ -5516,7 +5663,7 @@
<li><a href="#index-program-configuration-110">program configuration</a>: <a
href="#Configuration">Configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-program-design-9">program design</a>: <a
href="#Design-Advice">Design Advice</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-program-name-and-its-behavior-32">program name and its
behavior</a>: <a href="#User-Interfaces">User Interfaces</a></li>
-<li><a href="#index-program_0027s-canonical-name-48">program's canonical
name</a>: <a href="#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
+<li><a href="#index-program_0027s-canonical-name-48">program's canonical
name</a>: <a href="#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-programming-languages-10">programming languages</a>: <a
href="#Source-Language">Source Language</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-proprietary-programs-4">proprietary programs</a>: <a
href="#Reading-Non_002dFree-Code">Reading Non-Free Code</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-quote-characters-94">quote characters</a>: <a
href="#Quote-Characters">Quote Characters</a></li>
@@ -5538,12 +5685,14 @@
<li><a
href="#index-g_t_0040code_007bTMPDIR_007d-environment-variable-28"><code>TMPDIR</code>
environment variable</a>: <a href="#Semantics">Semantics</a></li>
<li><a href="#index-trademarks-8">trademarks</a>: <a
href="#Trademarks">Trademarks</a></li>
<li><a
href="#index-where-to-obtain-_0040code_007bstandards_002etexi_007d-1">where to
obtain <code>standards.texi</code></a>: <a href="#Preface">Preface</a></li>
- </ul><div class="footnote">
+ </ul>
+
+ <div class="footnote">
<hr>
<a name="texinfo-footnotes-in-document"></a><h4>Footnotes</h4><p
class="footnote"><small>[<a name="fn-1" href="#fnd-1">1</a>]</small>
<code>texi2dvi</code> uses TeX to do the real work
of formatting. TeX is not distributed with Texinfo.</p>
- <p><hr></div>
+ <hr></div>
</body></html>
Index: standards.html.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.html.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
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Index: standards.html_node.tar.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.html_node.tar.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.17
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diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
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Index: standards.info.tar.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.info.tar.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.17
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diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
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Index: standards.pdf
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.pdf,v
retrieving revision 1.18
retrieving revision 1.19
diff -u -b -r1.18 -r1.19
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Index: standards.ps.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.ps.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.17
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diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
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Index: standards.texi.tar.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.texi.tar.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.17
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diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
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Index: standards.txt
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.txt,v
retrieving revision 1.18
retrieving revision 1.19
diff -u -b -r1.18 -r1.19
--- standards.txt 22 Jan 2007 23:42:47 -0000 1.18
+++ standards.txt 26 Jun 2007 17:33:17 -0000 1.19
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
4.5 Standards for Interfaces Generally
4.6 Standards for Graphical Interfaces
4.7 Standards for Command Line Interfaces
+ 4.7.1 `--version'
+ 4.7.2 `--help'
4.8 Table of Long Options
4.9 Memory Usage
4.10 File Usage
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@
Version
*******
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
@@ -96,8 +98,8 @@
even if you write in another programming language. The rules often
state reasons for writing in a certain way.
- This release of the GNU Coding Standards was last updated January
-22, 2007.
+ This release of the GNU Coding Standards was last updated June 26,
+2007.
If you did not obtain this file directly from the GNU project and
recently, please check for a newer version. You can get the GNU Coding
@@ -112,7 +114,7 @@
don't have those files, please mail your suggestion anyway.
These standards cover the minimum of what is important when writing a
-GNU package. Likely, the needs for additional standards will come up.
+GNU package. Likely, the need for additional standards will come up.
Sometimes, you might suggest that such standards be added to this
document. If you think your standards would be generally useful, please
do suggest them.
@@ -779,101 +781,160 @@
`http://example.org/p.cgi/--help' in a browser should output the same
information as invoking `p.cgi --help' from the command line.
-`--version'
- This option should direct the program to print information about
- its name, version, origin and legal status, all on standard
- output, and then exit successfully. Other options and arguments
- should be ignored once this is seen, and the program should not
- perform its normal function.
+4.7.1 `--version'
+-----------------
+
+The standard `--version' option should direct the program to print
+information about its name, version, origin and legal status, all on
+standard output, and then exit successfully. Other options and
+arguments should be ignored once this is seen, and the program should
+not perform its normal function.
The first line is meant to be easy for a program to parse; the
- version number proper starts after the last space. In addition,
- it contains the canonical name for this program, in this format:
+version number proper starts after the last space. In addition, it
+contains the canonical name for this program, in this format:
GNU Emacs 19.30
- The program's name should be a constant string; _don't_ compute it
- from `argv[0]'. The idea is to state the standard or canonical
- name for the program, not its file name. There are other ways to
- find out the precise file name where a command is found in `PATH'.
+The program's name should be a constant string; _don't_ compute it from
+`argv[0]'. The idea is to state the standard or canonical name for the
+program, not its file name. There are other ways to find out the
+precise file name where a command is found in `PATH'.
- If the program is a subsidiary part of a larger package, mention
- the package name in parentheses, like this:
+ If the program is a subsidiary part of a larger package, mention the
+package name in parentheses, like this:
emacsserver (GNU Emacs) 19.30
- If the package has a version number which is different from this
- program's version number, you can mention the package version
- number just before the close-parenthesis.
-
- If you *need* to mention the version numbers of libraries which
- are distributed separately from the package which contains this
- program, you can do so by printing an additional line of version
- info for each library you want to mention. Use the same format
- for these lines as for the first line.
+If the package has a version number which is different from this
+program's version number, you can mention the package version number
+just before the close-parenthesis.
+
+ If you _need_ to mention the version numbers of libraries which are
+distributed separately from the package which contains this program,
+you can do so by printing an additional line of version info for each
+library you want to mention. Use the same format for these lines as for
+the first line.
Please do not mention all of the libraries that the program uses
- "just for completeness"--that would produce a lot of unhelpful
- clutter. Please mention library version numbers only if you find
- in practice that they are very important to you in debugging.
+"just for completeness"--that would produce a lot of unhelpful clutter.
+Please mention library version numbers only if you find in practice that
+they are very important to you in debugging.
The following line, after the version number line or lines, should
- be a copyright notice. If more than one copyright notice is
- called for, put each on a separate line.
+be a copyright notice. If more than one copyright notice is called
+for, put each on a separate line.
- Next should follow a brief statement that the program is free
- software, and that users are free to copy and change it on certain
- conditions. If the program is covered by the GNU GPL, say so
- here. Also mention that there is no warranty, to the extent
- permitted by law.
+ Next should follow a line stating the license, preferably using one
+of abbrevations below, and a brief statement that the program is free
+software, and that users are free to copy and change it. Also mention
+that there is no warranty, to the extent permitted by law. See
+recommended wording below.
- It is ok to finish the output with a list of the major authors of
- the program, as a way of giving credit.
+ It is ok to finish the output with a list of the major authors of the
+program, as a way of giving credit.
Here's an example of output that follows these rules:
- GNU Emacs 19.34.5
- Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- GNU Emacs comes with NO WARRANTY,
- to the extent permitted by law.
- You may redistribute copies of GNU Emacs
- under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
- For more information about these matters,
- see the files named COPYING.
+ GNU hello 2.3
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
+ This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
+ There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
You should adapt this to your program, of course, filling in the
- proper year, copyright holder, name of program, and the references
- to distribution terms, and changing the rest of the wording as
- necessary.
+proper year, copyright holder, name of program, and the references to
+distribution terms, and changing the rest of the wording as necessary.
This copyright notice only needs to mention the most recent year in
- which changes were made--there's no need to list the years for
- previous versions' changes. You don't have to mention the name of
- the program in these notices, if that is inconvenient, since it
- appeared in the first line. (The rules are different for
- copyright notices in source files; see *Note Copyright Notices:
- (maintain)Copyright Notices.)
+which changes were made--there's no need to list the years for previous
+versions' changes. You don't have to mention the name of the program in
+these notices, if that is inconvenient, since it appeared in the first
+line. (The rules are different for copyright notices in source files;
+*note Copyright Notices: (maintain)Copyright Notices.)
Translations of the above lines must preserve the validity of the
- copyright notices (*note Internationalization::). If the
- translation's character set supports it, the `(C)' should be
- replaced with the copyright symbol, as follows:
+copyright notices (*note Internationalization::). If the translation's
+character set supports it, the `(C)' should be replaced with the
+copyright symbol, as follows:
(the official copyright symbol, which is the letter C in a circle);
Write the word "Copyright" exactly like that, in English. Do not
- translate it into another language. International treaties
- recognize the English word "Copyright"; translations into other
- languages do not have legal significance.
-
-`--help'
- This option should output brief documentation for how to invoke the
- program, on standard output, then exit successfully. Other
- options and arguments should be ignored once this is seen, and the
- program should not perform its normal function.
+translate it into another language. International treaties recognize
+the English word "Copyright"; translations into other languages do not
+have legal significance.
+
+ Finally, here is the table of our suggested license abbreviations.
+Any abbreviation can be followed by `vVERSION[+]', meaning that
+particular version, or later versions with the `+', as shown above.
+
+GPL
+ GNU General Public License, `http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html'.
+
+LGPL
+ GNU Lesser General Public License,
+ `http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html'.
+
+GPL+Guile
+ GNU GPL with the exception for Guile.
+
+GPL+Ada
+ GNU GPL with the exception for Ada.
+
+Apache
+ The Apache Software Foundation license,
+ `http://www.apache.org/licenses'.
+
+Artistic
+ The Artistic license used for Perl,
+ `http://www.perlfoundation.org/legal'.
+
+Expat
+ The Expat license, `http://www.jclark.com/xml/copying.txt'.
+
+MPL
+ The Mozilla Public License, `http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/'.
+
+OBSD
+ The original (4-clause) BSD license, incompatible with the GNU GPL
+ `http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#6'.
+
+PHP
+ The license used for PHP, `http://www.php.net/license/'.
+
+public domain
+ The non-license that is being in the public domain,
+ `http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#PublicDomain'.
+
+Python
+ The license for Python, `http://www.python.org/2.0.1/license.html'.
+
+RBSD
+ The revised (3-clause) BSD, compatible with the GNU GPL,
+ `http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#5'.
+
+X11
+ The simple non-copyleft license used for most versions of the X
+ Window system, `http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#3'.
+
+Zlib
+ The license for Zlib, `http://www.gzip.org/zlib/zlib_license.html'.
+
+
+ More information about these licenses and many more are on the GNU
+licensing web pages, `http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html'.
+
+4.7.2 `--help'
+--------------
+
+The standard `--help' option should output brief documentation for how
+to invoke the program, on standard output, then exit successfully.
+Other options and arguments should be ignored once this is seen, and
+the program should not perform its normal function.
Near the end of the `--help' option's output there should be a line
- that says where to mail bug reports. It should have this format:
+that says where to mail bug reports. It should have this format:
Report bugs to MAILING-ADDRESS.
@@ -2880,7 +2941,7 @@
of the program. One combined Index should do for a short manual, but
sometimes for a complex package it is better to use multiple indices.
The Texinfo manual includes advice on preparing good index entries, see
-*Note Making Index Entries: (texinfo)Index Entries, and see *Note
+*note Making Index Entries: (texinfo)Index Entries, and see *note
Defining the Entries of an Index: (texinfo)Indexing Commands.
Don't use Unix man pages as a model for how to write GNU
@@ -3914,8 +3975,8 @@
`lispdir'
The directory for installing any Emacs Lisp files in this package.
- By default, it should be `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp', but
- it should be written as `$(datarootdir)/emacs/site-lisp'.
+ By default, it should be `/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp', but it
+ should be written as `$(datarootdir)/emacs/site-lisp'.
If you are using Autoconf, write the default as address@hidden@'. In
order to make address@hidden@' work, you need the following lines in
@@ -5024,134 +5085,134 @@
Index
*****
-#endif, commenting: See 5.2. (line 2188)
---help option: See 4.7. (line 869)
---version option: See 4.7. (line 782)
--Wall compiler option: See 5.3. (line 2221)
-accepting contributions: See 2.2. (line 173)
-address for bug reports: See 4.7. (line 875)
-ANSI C standard: See 3.4. (line 361)
-arbitrary limits on data: See 4.2. (line 516)
-ASCII characters: See 5.9. (line 2732)
-autoconf: See 5.5. (line 2390)
-avoiding proprietary code: See 2.1. (line 139)
-behavior, dependent on program's name: See 4.5. (line 701)
-binary packages: See 7.2.7. (line 4394)
-bindir: See 7.2.5. (line 3744)
-braces, in C source: See 5.1. (line 2014)
-bug reports: See 4.7. (line 875)
-canonical name of a program: See 4.7. (line 789)
-casting pointers to integers: See 5.6. (line 2513)
-CGI programs, standard options for: See 4.7. (line 776)
-change logs: See 6.8. (line 3018)
-change logs, conditional changes: See 6.8.4. (line 3162)
-change logs, style: See 6.8.2. (line 3069)
-character set: See 5.9. (line 2732)
-command-line arguments, decoding: See 4.2. (line 556)
-command-line interface: See 4.7. (line 751)
-commenting: See 5.2. (line 2134)
-compatibility with C and POSIX standards: See 3.2. (line 296)
-compiler warnings: See 5.3. (line 2221)
-conditional changes, and change logs: See 6.8.4. (line 3162)
-conditionals, comments for: See 5.2. (line 2188)
-configure: See 7.1. (line 3280)
-control-L: See 5.1. (line 2126)
-conventions for makefiles: See 7.2. (line 3444)
-corba: See 4.6. (line 742)
-credits for manuals: See 6.5. (line 2983)
-data types, and portability: See 5.6. (line 2429)
-declaration for system functions: See 5.7. (line 2540)
-DESTDIR: See 7.2.4. (line 3650)
-documentation: See 6. (line 2794)
-doschk: See 5.4. (line 2359)
-downloading this manual: See 1. (line 102)
-encodings: See 5.9. (line 2732)
-error messages: See 4.2. (line 529)
-error messages, formatting: See 4.4. (line 639)
-exec_prefix: See 7.2.5. (line 3726)
-expressions, splitting: See 5.1. (line 2089)
-FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: See A.1. (line 4598)
-file usage: See 4.10. (line 1992)
-file-name limitations: See 5.4. (line 2359)
-formatting error messages: See 4.4. (line 639)
-formatting source code: See 5.1. (line 2014)
-formfeed: See 5.1. (line 2126)
-function argument, declaring: See 5.3. (line 2217)
-function prototypes: See 3.4. (line 372)
-getopt: See 4.7. (line 751)
-gettext: See 5.8. (line 2637)
-gnome: See 4.6. (line 742)
-graphical user interface: See 4.6. (line 732)
-grave accent: See 5.10. (line 2747)
-gtk+: See 4.6. (line 732)
-GUILE: See 3.1. (line 286)
-implicit int: See 5.3. (line 2217)
-impossible conditions: See 4.2. (line 580)
-installations, staged: See 7.2.4. (line 3650)
-internationalization: See 5.8. (line 2637)
-left quote: See 5.10. (line 2747)
-legal aspects: See 2. (line 133)
-legal papers: See 2.2. (line 173)
-libexecdir: See 7.2.5. (line 3757)
-libraries: See 4.3. (line 611)
-library functions, and portability: See 5.7. (line 2525)
-license for manuals: See 6.4. (line 2964)
-lint: See 5.3. (line 2320)
-locale-specific quote characters: See 5.10. (line 2747)
-long option names: See 4.8. (line 883)
-long-named options: See 4.7. (line 757)
-makefile, conventions for: See 7.2. (line 3444)
-malloc return value: See 4.2. (line 535)
-man pages: See 6.9. (line 3206)
-manual structure: See 6.3. (line 2937)
-memory allocation failure: See 4.2. (line 535)
-memory usage: See 4.9. (line 1972)
-message text, and internationalization: See 5.8. (line 2660)
-mmap: See 5.11. (line 2778)
-multiple variables in a line: See 5.3. (line 2246)
-names of variables, functions, and files: See 5.4. (line 2327)
-NEWS file: See 6.7. (line 3004)
-non-ASCII characters: See 5.9. (line 2732)
-non-POSIX systems, and portability: See 5.5. (line 2399)
-non-standard extensions: See 3.3. (line 328)
-NUL characters: See 4.2. (line 521)
-open brace: See 5.1. (line 2014)
-optional features, configure-time: See 7.1. (line 3357)
-options for compatibility: See 3.2. (line 304)
-options, standard command-line: See 4.7. (line 776)
-output device and program's behavior: See 4.5. (line 708)
-packaging: See 7.3. (line 4421)
-PATH_INFO, specifying standard options as: See 4.7. (line 776)
-portability, and data types: See 5.6. (line 2429)
-portability, and library functions: See 5.7. (line 2525)
-portability, between system types: See 5.5. (line 2373)
-POSIX compatibility: See 3.2. (line 296)
-POSIXLY_CORRECT, environment variable: See 3.2. (line 311)
-post-installation commands: See 7.2.7. (line 4320)
-pre-installation commands: See 7.2.7. (line 4320)
-prefix: See 7.2.5. (line 3716)
-program configuration: See 7.1. (line 3280)
-program design: See 3. (line 248)
-program name and its behavior: See 4.5. (line 701)
-program's canonical name: See 4.7. (line 789)
-programming languages: See 3.1. (line 254)
-proprietary programs: See 2.1. (line 139)
-quote characters: See 5.10. (line 2747)
-README file: See 7.3. (line 4436)
-references to non-free material: See 8. (line 4497)
-releasing: See 7. (line 3269)
-sbindir: See 7.2.5. (line 3750)
-signal handling: See 4.2. (line 569)
-spaces before open-paren: See 5.1. (line 2083)
-staged installs: See 7.2.4. (line 3650)
-standard command-line options: See 4.7. (line 776)
-standards for makefiles: See 7.2. (line 3444)
-string library functions: See 5.7. (line 2574)
-syntactic conventions: See 5.3. (line 2217)
-table of long options: See 4.8. (line 883)
-temporary files: See 4.2. (line 594)
-temporary variables: See 5.3. (line 2234)
-texinfo.tex, in a distribution: See 7.3. (line 4485)
-TMPDIR environment variable: See 4.2. (line 594)
-trademarks: See 2.3. (line 218)
-where to obtain standards.texi: See 1. (line 102)
+#endif, commenting: See 5.2. (line 2249)
+--help output: See 4.7.2. (line 931)
+--version output: See 4.7.1. (line 787)
+-Wall compiler option: See 5.3. (line 2282)
+accepting contributions: See 2.2. (line 175)
+address for bug reports: See 4.7.2. (line 936)
+ANSI C standard: See 3.4. (line 363)
+arbitrary limits on data: See 4.2. (line 518)
+ASCII characters: See 5.9. (line 2793)
+autoconf: See 5.5. (line 2451)
+avoiding proprietary code: See 2.1. (line 141)
+behavior, dependent on program's name: See 4.5. (line 703)
+binary packages: See 7.2.7. (line 4455)
+bindir: See 7.2.5. (line 3805)
+braces, in C source: See 5.1. (line 2075)
+bug reports: See 4.7.2. (line 936)
+canonical name of a program: See 4.7.1. (line 793)
+casting pointers to integers: See 5.6. (line 2574)
+CGI programs, standard options for: See 4.7. (line 778)
+change logs: See 6.8. (line 3079)
+change logs, conditional changes: See 6.8.4. (line 3223)
+change logs, style: See 6.8.2. (line 3130)
+character set: See 5.9. (line 2793)
+command-line arguments, decoding: See 4.2. (line 558)
+command-line interface: See 4.7. (line 753)
+commenting: See 5.2. (line 2195)
+compatibility with C and POSIX standards: See 3.2. (line 298)
+compiler warnings: See 5.3. (line 2282)
+conditional changes, and change logs: See 6.8.4. (line 3223)
+conditionals, comments for: See 5.2. (line 2249)
+configure: See 7.1. (line 3341)
+control-L: See 5.1. (line 2187)
+conventions for makefiles: See 7.2. (line 3505)
+corba: See 4.6. (line 744)
+credits for manuals: See 6.5. (line 3044)
+data types, and portability: See 5.6. (line 2490)
+declaration for system functions: See 5.7. (line 2601)
+DESTDIR: See 7.2.4. (line 3711)
+documentation: See 6. (line 2855)
+doschk: See 5.4. (line 2420)
+downloading this manual: See 1. (line 104)
+encodings: See 5.9. (line 2793)
+error messages: See 4.2. (line 531)
+error messages, formatting: See 4.4. (line 641)
+exec_prefix: See 7.2.5. (line 3787)
+expressions, splitting: See 5.1. (line 2150)
+FDL, GNU Free Documentation License: See A.1. (line 4659)
+file usage: See 4.10. (line 2053)
+file-name limitations: See 5.4. (line 2420)
+formatting error messages: See 4.4. (line 641)
+formatting source code: See 5.1. (line 2075)
+formfeed: See 5.1. (line 2187)
+function argument, declaring: See 5.3. (line 2278)
+function prototypes: See 3.4. (line 374)
+getopt: See 4.7. (line 753)
+gettext: See 5.8. (line 2698)
+gnome: See 4.6. (line 744)
+graphical user interface: See 4.6. (line 734)
+grave accent: See 5.10. (line 2808)
+gtk+: See 4.6. (line 734)
+GUILE: See 3.1. (line 288)
+implicit int: See 5.3. (line 2278)
+impossible conditions: See 4.2. (line 582)
+installations, staged: See 7.2.4. (line 3711)
+internationalization: See 5.8. (line 2698)
+left quote: See 5.10. (line 2808)
+legal aspects: See 2. (line 135)
+legal papers: See 2.2. (line 175)
+libexecdir: See 7.2.5. (line 3818)
+libraries: See 4.3. (line 613)
+library functions, and portability: See 5.7. (line 2586)
+license for manuals: See 6.4. (line 3025)
+lint: See 5.3. (line 2381)
+locale-specific quote characters: See 5.10. (line 2808)
+long option names: See 4.8. (line 944)
+long-named options: See 4.7. (line 759)
+makefile, conventions for: See 7.2. (line 3505)
+malloc return value: See 4.2. (line 537)
+man pages: See 6.9. (line 3267)
+manual structure: See 6.3. (line 2998)
+memory allocation failure: See 4.2. (line 537)
+memory usage: See 4.9. (line 2033)
+message text, and internationalization: See 5.8. (line 2721)
+mmap: See 5.11. (line 2839)
+multiple variables in a line: See 5.3. (line 2307)
+names of variables, functions, and files: See 5.4. (line 2388)
+NEWS file: See 6.7. (line 3065)
+non-ASCII characters: See 5.9. (line 2793)
+non-POSIX systems, and portability: See 5.5. (line 2460)
+non-standard extensions: See 3.3. (line 330)
+NUL characters: See 4.2. (line 523)
+open brace: See 5.1. (line 2075)
+optional features, configure-time: See 7.1. (line 3418)
+options for compatibility: See 3.2. (line 306)
+options, standard command-line: See 4.7. (line 778)
+output device and program's behavior: See 4.5. (line 710)
+packaging: See 7.3. (line 4482)
+PATH_INFO, specifying standard options as: See 4.7. (line 778)
+portability, and data types: See 5.6. (line 2490)
+portability, and library functions: See 5.7. (line 2586)
+portability, between system types: See 5.5. (line 2434)
+POSIX compatibility: See 3.2. (line 298)
+POSIXLY_CORRECT, environment variable: See 3.2. (line 313)
+post-installation commands: See 7.2.7. (line 4381)
+pre-installation commands: See 7.2.7. (line 4381)
+prefix: See 7.2.5. (line 3777)
+program configuration: See 7.1. (line 3341)
+program design: See 3. (line 250)
+program name and its behavior: See 4.5. (line 703)
+program's canonical name: See 4.7.1. (line 793)
+programming languages: See 3.1. (line 256)
+proprietary programs: See 2.1. (line 141)
+quote characters: See 5.10. (line 2808)
+README file: See 7.3. (line 4497)
+references to non-free material: See 8. (line 4558)
+releasing: See 7. (line 3330)
+sbindir: See 7.2.5. (line 3811)
+signal handling: See 4.2. (line 571)
+spaces before open-paren: See 5.1. (line 2144)
+staged installs: See 7.2.4. (line 3711)
+standard command-line options: See 4.7. (line 778)
+standards for makefiles: See 7.2. (line 3505)
+string library functions: See 5.7. (line 2635)
+syntactic conventions: See 5.3. (line 2278)
+table of long options: See 4.8. (line 944)
+temporary files: See 4.2. (line 596)
+temporary variables: See 5.3. (line 2295)
+texinfo.tex, in a distribution: See 7.3. (line 4546)
+TMPDIR environment variable: See 4.2. (line 596)
+trademarks: See 2.3. (line 220)
+where to obtain standards.texi: See 1. (line 104)
Index: standards.txt.gz
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/standards.txt.gz,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
Binary files /tmp/cvsMPVbBn and /tmp/cvsscocnW differ
Index: html_node/CPU-Portability.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/CPU-Portability.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/CPU-Portability.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/CPU-Portability.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>CPU Portability - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="System-Portability.html#System-Portability"
title="System Portability">
<link rel="next" href="System-Functions.html#System-Functions" title="System
Functions">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
argument types are not trivial.
<p>In particular, if functions accept varying argument counts or types
-they should be declared using prototypes containing `<samp><span
class="samp">...</span></samp>' and
+they should be declared using prototypes containing ‘<samp><span
class="samp">...</span></samp>’ and
defined using <samp><span class="file">stdarg.h</span></samp>. For an example
of this, please see the
<a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/";>Gnulib</a> error module, which
declares and defines the following function:
Index: html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Change-Log-Concepts.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Change Log Concepts - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs" title="Change Logs">
<link rel="next" href="Style-of-Change-Logs.html#Style-of-Change-Logs"
title="Style of Change Logs">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Change-Logs.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Change-Logs.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Change-Logs.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Change-Logs.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Change Logs - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="prev" href="NEWS-File.html#NEWS-File" title="NEWS File">
<link rel="next" href="Man-Pages.html#Man-Pages" title="Man Pages">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Character-Set.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Character-Set.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- html_node/Character-Set.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.8
+++ html_node/Character-Set.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.9
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Character Set - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="Internationalization.html#Internationalization"
title="Internationalization">
<link rel="next" href="Quote-Characters.html#Quote-Characters" title="Quote
Characters">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Command-Variables.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Command-Variables.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Command-Variables.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Command-Variables.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Command Variables - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Makefile-Conventions.html#Makefile-Conventions"
title="Makefile Conventions">
<link rel="prev" href="Utilities-in-Makefiles.html#Utilities-in-Makefiles"
title="Utilities in Makefiles">
<link rel="next" href="DESTDIR.html#DESTDIR" title="DESTDIR">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
<p>In particular, you should run most utility programs via variables.
Thus, if you use Bison, have a variable named <code>BISON</code> whose default
-value is set with `<samp><span class="samp">BISON = bison</span></samp>', and
refer to it with
+value is set with ‘<samp><span class="samp">BISON =
bison</span></samp>’, and refer to it with
<code>$(BISON)</code> whenever you need to use Bison.
<p>File management utilities such as <code>ln</code>, <code>rm</code>,
<code>mv</code>, and
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
don't need to replace them with other programs.
<p>Each program-name variable should come with an options variable that is
-used to supply options to the program. Append `<samp><span
class="samp">FLAGS</span></samp>' to the
+used to supply options to the program. Append ‘<samp><span
class="samp">FLAGS</span></samp>’ to the
program-name variable name to get the options variable name—for
example, <code>BISONFLAGS</code>. (The names <code>CFLAGS</code> for the C
compiler, <code>YFLAGS</code> for yacc, and <code>LFLAGS</code> for lex, are
@@ -82,10 +82,10 @@
.c.o:
$(CC) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(ALL_CFLAGS) $<
</pre>
- <p>Do include the `<samp><span class="samp">-g</span></samp>' option in
<code>CFLAGS</code>, because that is not
+ <p>Do include the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-g</span></samp>’
option in <code>CFLAGS</code>, because that is not
<em>required</em> for proper compilation. You can consider it a default
that is only recommended. If the package is set up so that it is
-compiled with GCC by default, then you might as well include `<samp><span
class="samp">-O</span></samp>'
+compiled with GCC by default, then you might as well include
‘<samp><span class="samp">-O</span></samp>’
in the default value of <code>CFLAGS</code> as well.
<p>Put <code>CFLAGS</code> last in the compilation command, after other
variables
Index: html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Command-Line Interfaces - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="prev" href="Graphical-Interfaces.html#Graphical-Interfaces"
title="Graphical Interfaces">
<link rel="next" href="Option-Table.html#Option-Table" title="Option Table">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
command-line options of a program. The easiest way to do this is to use
<code>getopt</code> to parse them. Note that the GNU version of
<code>getopt</code>
will normally permit options anywhere among the arguments unless the
-special argument `<samp><span class="samp">--</span></samp>' is used. This is
not what <span class="sc">posix</span>
+special argument ‘<samp><span class="samp">--</span></samp>’ is
used. This is not what <span class="sc">posix</span>
specifies; it is a GNU extension.
<p><a name="index-long_002dnamed-options-41"></a>Please define long-named
options that are equivalent to the
@@ -65,119 +65,28 @@
<p>One of the advantages of long-named options is that they can be
consistent from program to program. For example, users should be able
to expect the “verbose” option of any GNU program which has one,
to be
-spelled precisely `<samp><span class="samp">--verbose</span></samp>'. To
achieve this uniformity, look at
+spelled precisely ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--verbose</span></samp>’. To achieve this uniformity, look
at
the table of common long-option names when you choose the option names
for your program (see <a href="Option-Table.html#Option-Table">Option
Table</a>).
<p>It is usually a good idea for file names given as ordinary arguments to
be input files only; any output files would be specified using options
-(preferably `<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>' or `<samp><span
class="samp">--output</span></samp>'). Even if you allow an output
+(preferably ‘<samp><span class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ or
‘<samp><span class="samp">--output</span></samp>’). Even if you
allow an output
file name as an ordinary argument for compatibility, try to provide an
option as another way to specify it. This will lead to more consistency
among GNU utilities, and fewer idiosyncrasies for users to remember.
- <p><a name="index-standard-command_002dline-options-42"></a><a
name="index-options_002c-standard-command_002dline-43"></a><a
name="index-CGI-programs_002c-standard-options-for-44"></a><a
name="index-PATH_005fINFO_002c-specifying-standard-options-as-45"></a>All
programs should support two standard options: `<samp><span
class="samp">--version</span></samp>'
-and `<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>'. CGI programs should
accept these as command-line
+ <p><a name="index-standard-command_002dline-options-42"></a><a
name="index-options_002c-standard-command_002dline-43"></a><a
name="index-CGI-programs_002c-standard-options-for-44"></a><a
name="index-PATH_005fINFO_002c-specifying-standard-options-as-45"></a>All
programs should support two standard options: ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--version</span></samp>’
+and ‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’. CGI programs
should accept these as command-line
options, and also if given as the <samp><span
class="env">PATH_INFO</span></samp>; for instance,
visiting <a
href="http://example.org/p.cgi/--help";>http://example.org/p.cgi/–help</a>
in a browser should
-output the same information as invoking `<samp><span class="samp">p.cgi
--help</span></samp>' from the
+output the same information as invoking ‘<samp><span class="samp">p.cgi
--help</span></samp>’ from the
command line.
-
-<a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dversion_007d-option-46"></a>
-<dl><dt><code>--version</code><dd>This option should direct the program to
print information about its name,
-version, origin and legal status, all on standard output, and then exit
-successfully. Other options and arguments should be ignored once this
-is seen, and the program should not perform its normal function.
-
- <p><a name="index-canonical-name-of-a-program-47"></a><a
name="index-program_0027s-canonical-name-48"></a>The first line is meant to be
easy for a program to parse; the version
-number proper starts after the last space. In addition, it contains
-the canonical name for this program, in this format:
-
- <pre class="example"> GNU Emacs 19.30
- </pre>
- <p class="noindent">The program's name should be a constant string;
<em>don't</em> compute it
-from <code>argv[0]</code>. The idea is to state the standard or canonical
-name for the program, not its file name. There are other ways to find
-out the precise file name where a command is found in <code>PATH</code>.
-
- <p>If the program is a subsidiary part of a larger package, mention the
-package name in parentheses, like this:
-
- <pre class="example"> emacsserver (GNU Emacs) 19.30
- </pre>
- <p class="noindent">If the package has a version number which is
different from this
-program's version number, you can mention the package version number
-just before the close-parenthesis.
-
- <p>If you <strong>need</strong> to mention the version numbers of
libraries which
-are distributed separately from the package which contains this program,
-you can do so by printing an additional line of version info for each
-library you want to mention. Use the same format for these lines as for
-the first line.
-
- <p>Please do not mention all of the libraries that the program uses
“just
-for completeness”—that would produce a lot of unhelpful clutter.
-Please mention library version numbers only if you find in practice that
-they are very important to you in debugging.
-
- <p>The following line, after the version number line or lines, should be a
-copyright notice. If more than one copyright notice is called for, put
-each on a separate line.
-
- <p>Next should follow a brief statement that the program is free software,
-and that users are free to copy and change it on certain conditions. If
-the program is covered by the GNU GPL, say so here. Also mention that
-there is no warranty, to the extent permitted by law.
-
- <p>It is ok to finish the output with a list of the major authors of the
-program, as a way of giving credit.
-
- <p>Here's an example of output that follows these rules:
-
- <pre class="smallexample"> GNU Emacs 19.34.5
- Copyright (C) 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- GNU Emacs comes with NO WARRANTY,
- to the extent permitted by law.
- You may redistribute copies of GNU Emacs
- under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
- For more information about these matters,
- see the files named COPYING.
- </pre>
- <p>You should adapt this to your program, of course, filling in the proper
-year, copyright holder, name of program, and the references to
-distribution terms, and changing the rest of the wording as necessary.
-
- <p>This copyright notice only needs to mention the most recent year in
-which changes were made—there's no need to list the years for previous
-versions' changes. You don't have to mention the name of the program in
-these notices, if that is inconvenient, since it appeared in the first
-line. (The rules are different for copyright notices in source files;
-see <a href="../maintain/Copyright-Notices.html#Copyright-Notices">Copyright
Notices</a>.)
-
- <p>Translations of the above lines must preserve the validity of the
-copyright notices (see <a
href="Internationalization.html#Internationalization">Internationalization</a>).
If the translation's
-character set supports it, the `<samp><span class="samp">(C)</span></samp>'
should be replaced with the
-copyright symbol, as follows:
-
- <p>©
-
- <p>Write the word “Copyright” exactly like that, in English.
Do not
-translate it into another language. International treaties recognize
-the English word “Copyright”; translations into other languages do
not
-have legal significance.
-
- <p><a
name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dhelp_007d-option-49"></a><br><dt><code>--help</code><dd>This
option should output brief documentation for how to invoke the
-program, on standard output, then exit successfully. Other options and
-arguments should be ignored once this is seen, and the program should
-not perform its normal function.
-
- <p><a name="index-address-for-bug-reports-50"></a><a
name="index-bug-reports-51"></a>Near the end of the `<samp><span
class="samp">--help</span></samp>' option's output there should be a line
-that says where to mail bug reports. It should have this format:
-
- <pre class="example"> Report bugs to <var>mailing-address</var>.
- </pre>
- </dl>
+<ul class="menu">
+<li><a accesskey="1"
href="_002d_002dversion.html#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a>: The
standard output for --version.
+<li><a accesskey="2" href="_002d_002dhelp.html#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a>:
The standard output for --help.
+</ul>
</body></html>
Index: html_node/Comments.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Comments.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Comments.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Comments.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Comments - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="Formatting.html#Formatting" title="Formatting">
<link rel="next" href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#Syntactic-Conventions"
title="Syntactic Conventions">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@
<p><a name="index-commenting-63"></a>
Every program should start with a comment saying briefly what it is for.
-Example: `<samp><span class="samp">fmt - filter for simple filling of
text</span></samp>'. This comment
-should be at the top of the source file containing the `<samp><span
class="samp">main</span></samp>'
+Example: ‘<samp><span class="samp">fmt - filter for simple filling of
text</span></samp>’. This comment
+should be at the top of the source file containing the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">main</span></samp>’
function of the program.
<p>Also, please write a brief comment at the start of each source file,
@@ -103,10 +103,10 @@
zero means continue them. */
int truncate_lines;
</pre>
- <p><a name="index-conditionals_002c-comments-for-64"></a><a
name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_0023endif_007d_002c-commenting-65"></a>Every
`<samp><span class="samp">#endif</span></samp>' should have a comment, except
in the case of short
+ <p><a name="index-conditionals_002c-comments-for-64"></a><a
name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_0023endif_007d_002c-commenting-65"></a>Every
‘<samp><span class="samp">#endif</span></samp>’ should have a
comment, except in the case of short
conditionals (just a few lines) that are not nested. The comment should
state the condition of the conditional that is ending, <em>including
-its sense</em>. `<samp><span class="samp">#else</span></samp>' should have a
comment describing the condition
+its sense</em>. ‘<samp><span class="samp">#else</span></samp>’
should have a comment describing the condition
<em>and sense</em> of the code that follows. For example:
<pre class="example"> #ifdef foo
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
...
#endif /* foo */
</pre>
- <p class="noindent">but, by contrast, write the comments this way for a
`<samp><span class="samp">#ifndef</span></samp>':
+ <p class="noindent">but, by contrast, write the comments this way for a
‘<samp><span class="samp">#ifndef</span></samp>’:
<pre class="example"> #ifndef foo
...
Index: html_node/Compatibility.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Compatibility.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Compatibility.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Compatibility.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Compatibility - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Design-Advice.html#Design-Advice" title="Design Advice">
<link rel="prev" href="Source-Language.html#Source-Language" title="Source
Language">
<link rel="next" href="Using-Extensions.html#Using-Extensions" title="Using
Extensions">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@
modes for each of them.
<p><a name="index-options-for-compatibility-14"></a>Standard C and <span
class="sc">posix</span> prohibit many kinds of extensions. Feel
-free to make the extensions anyway, and include a `<samp><span
class="samp">--ansi</span></samp>',
-`<samp><span class="samp">--posix</span></samp>', or `<samp><span
class="samp">--compatible</span></samp>' option to turn them off.
+free to make the extensions anyway, and include a ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--ansi</span></samp>’,
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--posix</span></samp>’, or
‘<samp><span class="samp">--compatible</span></samp>’ option to
turn them off.
However, if the extension has a significant chance of breaking any real
programs or scripts, then it is not really upward compatible. So you
should try to redesign its interface to make it upward compatible.
Index: html_node/Conditional-Changes.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Conditional-Changes.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Conditional-Changes.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Conditional-Changes.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Conditional Changes - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs" title="Change Logs">
<link rel="prev" href="Simple-Changes.html#Simple-Changes" title="Simple
Changes">
<link rel="next"
href="Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html#Indicating-the-Part-Changed"
title="Indicating the Part Changed">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
</pre>
<p>Here is an entry for a change within the function
<code>init_display</code>,
whose definition as a whole is unconditional, but the changes themselves
-are contained in a `<samp><span class="samp">#ifdef
HAVE_LIBNCURSES</span></samp>' conditional:
+are contained in a ‘<samp><span class="samp">#ifdef
HAVE_LIBNCURSES</span></samp>’ conditional:
<pre class="example"> * dispnew.c (init_display) [HAVE_LIBNCURSES]: If X,
call tgetent.
</pre>
Index: html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Conditional-Compilation.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Conditional Compilation - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Design-Advice.html#Design-Advice" title="Design Advice">
<link rel="prev" href="Standard-C.html#Standard-C" title="Standard C">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Configuration.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Configuration.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Configuration.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Configuration.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Configuration - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Managing-Releases.html#Managing-Releases" title="Managing
Releases">
<link rel="next" href="Makefile-Conventions.html#Makefile-Conventions"
title="Makefile Conventions">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -83,18 +83,18 @@
if run, will recreate the same configuration.
<p>The <code>configure</code> script should accept an option of the form
-`<samp><span class="samp">--srcdir=</span><var>dirname</var></samp>' to
specify the directory where sources are found
+‘<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir=</span><var>dirname</var></samp>’ to specify the
directory where sources are found
(if it is not the current directory). This makes it possible to build
the program in a separate directory, so that the actual source directory
is not modified.
- <p>If the user does not specify `<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>', then <code>configure</code> should
+ <p>If the user does not specify ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>’, then <code>configure</code> should
check both <samp><span class="file">.</span></samp> and <samp><span
class="file">..</span></samp> to see if it can find the sources. If
it finds the sources in one of these places, it should use them from
there. Otherwise, it should report that it cannot find the sources, and
should exit with nonzero status.
- <p>Usually the easy way to support `<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>' is by editing a
+ <p>Usually the easy way to support ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>’ is by editing a
definition of <code>VPATH</code> into the Makefile. Some rules may need to
refer explicitly to the specified source directory. To make this
possible, <code>configure</code> can add to the Makefile a variable named
@@ -107,20 +107,20 @@
<pre class="example"> <var>cpu</var>-<var>company</var>-<var>system</var>
</pre>
<p>For example, an Athlon-based GNU/Linux system might be
-`<samp><span class="samp">i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>'.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>’.
<p>The <code>configure</code> script needs to be able to decode all
plausible
alternatives for how to describe a machine. Thus,
-`<samp><span class="samp">athlon-pc-gnu/linux</span></samp>' would be a valid
alias. There is a shell
+‘<samp><span class="samp">athlon-pc-gnu/linux</span></samp>’ would
be a valid alias. There is a shell
script called
<a
href="http://savannah.gnu.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs/*checkout*/config/config/config.sub";><samp><span
class="file">config.sub</span></samp></a> that you can use as a subroutine to
validate system
types and canonicalize aliases.
<p>The <code>configure</code> script should also take the option
<samp><span class="option">--build=</span><var>buildtype</var></samp>, which
should be equivalent to a
-plain <var>buildtype</var> argument. For example, `<samp><span
class="samp">configure
---build=i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>' is equivalent to `<samp><span
class="samp">configure
-i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>'. When the build type is not specified by an
option
+plain <var>buildtype</var> argument. For example, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">configure
+--build=i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>’ is equivalent to
‘<samp><span class="samp">configure
+i686-pc-linux-gnu</span></samp>’. When the build type is not specified
by an option
or argument, the <code>configure</code> script should normally guess it using
the shell script
<a
href="http://savannah.gnu.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs/*checkout*/config/config/config.guess";><samp><span
class="file">config.guess</span></samp></a>.
@@ -130,46 +130,46 @@
of the package, or to adjust the name of some tools or arguments to them:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">--enable-</span><var>feature</var><span
class="samp">[=</span><var>parameter</var><span
class="samp">]</span></samp>'<dd>Configure the package to build and install an
optional user-level
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-</span><var>feature</var><span
class="samp">[=</span><var>parameter</var><span
class="samp">]</span></samp>’<dd>Configure the package to build and
install an optional user-level
facility called <var>feature</var>. This allows users to choose which
optional features to include. Giving an optional <var>parameter</var> of
-`<samp><span class="samp">no</span></samp>' should omit <var>feature</var>, if
it is built by default.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">no</span></samp>’ should omit
<var>feature</var>, if it is built by default.
- <p>No `<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>' option should
<strong>ever</strong> cause one feature to
-replace another. No `<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>' option
should ever substitute one
+ <p>No ‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>’
option should <strong>ever</strong> cause one feature to
+replace another. No ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--enable</span></samp>’ option should ever substitute one
useful behavior for another useful behavior. The only proper use for
-`<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>' is for questions of whether
to build part of the program
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable</span></samp>’ is for questions
of whether to build part of the program
or exclude it.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span><var>package</var></samp>'<dd><!--
@address@hidden@r{]} -->
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span><var>package</var></samp>’<dd><!--
@address@hidden@r{]} -->
The package <var>package</var> will be installed, so configure this package
to work with <var>package</var>.
<!-- Giving an optional @var{parameter} of -->
-<!-- @samp{no} should omit @var{package}, if it is used by default. -->
-<p>Possible values of <var>package</var> include
-`<samp><span class="samp">gnu-as</span></samp>' (or `<samp><span
class="samp">gas</span></samp>'), `<samp><span
class="samp">gnu-ld</span></samp>', `<samp><span
class="samp">gnu-libc</span></samp>',
-`<samp><span class="samp">gdb</span></samp>',
-`<samp><span class="samp">x</span></samp>',
+ <!-- @samp{no} should omit @var{package}, if it is used by default. -->
+ <p>Possible values of <var>package</var> include
+‘<samp><span class="samp">gnu-as</span></samp>’ (or
‘<samp><span class="samp">gas</span></samp>’), ‘<samp><span
class="samp">gnu-ld</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">gnu-libc</span></samp>’,
+‘<samp><span class="samp">gdb</span></samp>’,
+‘<samp><span class="samp">x</span></samp>’,
and
-`<samp><span class="samp">x-toolkit</span></samp>'.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">x-toolkit</span></samp>’.
- <p>Do not use a `<samp><span class="samp">--with</span></samp>' option to
specify the file name to use to
-find certain files. That is outside the scope of what `<samp><span
class="samp">--with</span></samp>'
+ <p>Do not use a ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with</span></samp>’ option to specify the file name to use
to
+find certain files. That is outside the scope of what ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with</span></samp>’
options are for.
- <br><dt>`<samp><var>variable</var><span
class="samp">=</span><var>value</var></samp>'<dd>Set the value of the variable
<var>variable</var> to <var>value</var>. This is
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><var>variable</var><span
class="samp">=</span><var>value</var></samp>’<dd>Set the value of the
variable <var>variable</var> to <var>value</var>. This is
used to override the default values of commands or arguments in the
-build process. For example, the user could issue `<samp><span
class="samp">configure
-CFLAGS=-g CXXFLAGS=-g</span></samp>' to build with debugging information and
without
+build process. For example, the user could issue ‘<samp><span
class="samp">configure
+CFLAGS=-g CXXFLAGS=-g</span></samp>’ to build with debugging information
and without
the default optimization.
<p>Specifying variables as arguments to <code>configure</code>, like this:
<pre class="example"> ./configure CC=gcc
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>is preferable to setting them in environment variables:
<pre class="example"> CC=gcc ./configure
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>as it helps to recreate the same configuration later with
<samp><span class="file">config.status</span></samp>.
</dl>
@@ -177,11 +177,11 @@
<p>All <code>configure</code> scripts should accept all of the
“detail”
options and the variable settings, whether or not they make any
difference to the particular package at hand. In particular, they
-should accept any option that starts with `<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span></samp>' or
-`<samp><span class="samp">--enable-</span></samp>'. This is so users will be
able to configure an
+should accept any option that starts with ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span></samp>’ or
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--enable-</span></samp>’. This is so
users will be able to configure an
entire GNU source tree at once with a single set of options.
- <p>You will note that the categories `<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span></samp>' and `<samp><span
class="samp">--enable-</span></samp>'
+ <p>You will note that the categories ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--with-</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--enable-</span></samp>’
are narrow: they <strong>do not</strong> provide a place for any sort of option
you might think of. That is deliberate. We want to limit the possible
configuration options in GNU software. We do not want GNU programs to
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
<p>To configure a cross-compiler, cross-assembler, or what have you, you
should specify a target different from the host, using the configure
-option `<samp><span
class="samp">--target=</span><var>targettype</var></samp>'. The syntax for
+option ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--target=</span><var>targettype</var></samp>’. The syntax
for
<var>targettype</var> is the same as for the host type. So the command would
look like this:
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
</pre>
<p>The target type normally defaults to the host type.
Programs for which cross-operation is not meaningful need not accept the
-`<samp><span class="samp">--target</span></samp>' option, because configuring
an entire operating system for
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--target</span></samp>’ option, because
configuring an entire operating system for
cross-operation is not a meaningful operation.
<p>Some programs have ways of configuring themselves automatically. If
@@ -222,5 +222,5 @@
<!-- For this document, turn chapters into sections, etc. -->
<!-- This file is included by both standards.texi and make.texinfo. -->
<!-- It was broken out of standards.texi on 1/6/93 by roland. -->
-</body></html>
+ </body></html>
Index: html_node/Contributions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Contributions.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Contributions.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Contributions.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:20 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Contributions - GNU Coding Standards</title>
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<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
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2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Copying-This-Manual.html
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retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Copying-This-Manual.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Copying-This-Manual.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Copying This Manual - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
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-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/DESTDIR.html
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diff -u -b -r1.5 -r1.6
--- html_node/DESTDIR.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.5
+++ html_node/DESTDIR.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.6
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>DESTDIR - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
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2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Design-Advice.html
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retrieving revision 1.16
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--- html_node/Design-Advice.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Design-Advice.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Design Advice - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
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Index: html_node/Directory-Variables.html
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diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- html_node/Directory-Variables.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.17
+++ html_node/Directory-Variables.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.18
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Directory Variables - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -73,22 +73,22 @@
below. The default value of <code>prefix</code> should be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local</span></samp>.
When building the complete GNU system, the prefix will be empty and
<samp><span class="file">/usr</span></samp> will be a symbolic link to
<samp><span class="file">/</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@prefix@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@prefix@</span></samp>’.)
- <p>Running `<samp><span class="samp">make install</span></samp>' with a
different value of <code>prefix</code> from
+ <p>Running ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
install</span></samp>’ with a different value of <code>prefix</code> from
the one used to build the program should <em>not</em> recompile the
program.
<br><dt><code>exec_prefix</code><dd><a
name="index-exec_005fprefix-120"></a>A prefix used in constructing the default
values of some of the
variables listed below. The default value of <code>exec_prefix</code> should
be <code>$(prefix)</code>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@exec_prefix@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@exec_prefix@</span></samp>’.)
<p>Generally, <code>$(exec_prefix)</code> is used for directories that
contain
machine-specific files (such as executables and subroutine libraries),
while <code>$(prefix)</code> is used directly for other directories.
- <p>Running `<samp><span class="samp">make install</span></samp>' with a
different value of <code>exec_prefix</code>
+ <p>Running ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
install</span></samp>’ with a different value of <code>exec_prefix</code>
from the one used to build the program should <em>not</em> recompile the
program.
</dl>
@@ -99,21 +99,21 @@
<dt><code>bindir</code><dd><a name="index-bindir-121"></a>The directory for
installing executable programs that users can run.
This should normally be <samp><span class="file">/usr/local/bin</span></samp>,
but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(exec_prefix)/bin</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@bindir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@bindir@</span></samp>’.)
<br><dt><code>sbindir</code><dd><a name="index-sbindir-122"></a>The
directory for installing executable programs that can be run from
the shell, but are only generally useful to system administrators. This
should normally be <samp><span class="file">/usr/local/sbin</span></samp>, but
write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(exec_prefix)/sbin</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@sbindir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@sbindir@</span></samp>’.)
<br><dt><code>libexecdir</code><dd><a
name="index-libexecdir-123"></a><!-- This paragraph adjusted to avoid overfull
hbox -roland 5jul94 -->
The directory for installing executable programs to be run by other
programs rather than by users. This directory should normally be
<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/libexec</span></samp>, but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(exec_prefix)/libexec</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@libexecdir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@libexecdir@</span></samp>’.)
- <p>The definition of `<samp><span class="samp">libexecdir</span></samp>'
is the same for all packages, so
+ <p>The definition of ‘<samp><span
class="samp">libexecdir</span></samp>’ is the same for all packages, so
you should install your data in a subdirectory thereof. Most packages
install their data under <samp><span
class="file">$(libexecdir)/</span><var>package-name</var><span
class="file">/</span></samp>,
possibly within additional subdirectories thereof, such as
@@ -142,34 +142,34 @@
to put these various kinds of files in:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">datarootdir</span></samp>'<dd>The root of the
directory tree for read-only architecture-independent
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">datarootdir</span></samp>’<dd>The
root of the directory tree for read-only architecture-independent
data files. This should normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share</span></samp>, but
write it as <samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/share</span></samp>. (If you
are using Autoconf, write
-it as `<samp><span class="samp">@datarootdir@</span></samp>'.) `<samp><span
class="samp">datadir</span></samp>''s default value is
-based on this variable; so are `<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>', `<samp><span
class="samp">mandir</span></samp>', and
+it as ‘<samp><span class="samp">@datarootdir@</span></samp>’.)
‘<samp><span class="samp">datadir</span></samp>’'s default value is
+based on this variable; so are ‘<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">mandir</span></samp>’, and
others.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">datadir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing idiosyncratic read-only
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">datadir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
idiosyncratic read-only
architecture-independent data files for this program. This is usually
-the same place as `<samp><span class="samp">datarootdir</span></samp>', but we
use the two separate
+the same place as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">datarootdir</span></samp>’, but we use the two separate
variables so that you can move these program-specific files without
altering the location for Info files, man pages, etc.
<p>This should normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share</span></samp>, but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(datarootdir)</span></samp>. (If you are using
Autoconf, write it as
-`<samp><span class="samp">@datadir@</span></samp>'.)
+‘<samp><span class="samp">@datadir@</span></samp>’.)
- <p>The definition of `<samp><span class="samp">datadir</span></samp>' is
the same for all packages, so you
+ <p>The definition of ‘<samp><span
class="samp">datadir</span></samp>’ is the same for all packages, so you
should install your data in a subdirectory thereof. Most packages
install their data under <samp><span
class="file">$(datadir)/</span><var>package-name</var><span
class="file">/</span></samp>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sysconfdir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing read-only data files that pertain to a
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sysconfdir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
read-only data files that pertain to a
single machine–that is to say, files for configuring a host. Mailer
and network configuration files, <samp><span
class="file">/etc/passwd</span></samp>, and so forth belong
here. All the files in this directory should be ordinary ASCII text
files. This directory should normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/etc</span></samp>, but
write it as <samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/etc</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@sysconfdir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@sysconfdir@</span></samp>’.)
<p>Do not install executables here in this directory (they probably belong
in <samp><span class="file">$(libexecdir)</span></samp> or <samp><span
class="file">$(sbindir)</span></samp>). Also do not install
@@ -177,33 +177,33 @@
whose purpose is to change the configuration of the system excluded).
Those probably belong in <samp><span
class="file">$(localstatedir)</span></samp>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sharedstatedir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing architecture-independent data files which
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sharedstatedir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for
installing architecture-independent data files which
the programs modify while they run. This should normally be
<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/com</span></samp>, but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/com</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@sharedstatedir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@sharedstatedir@</span></samp>’.)
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">localstatedir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing data files which the programs modify while
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">localstatedir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
data files which the programs modify while
they run, and that pertain to one specific machine. Users should never
need to modify files in this directory to configure the package's
operation; put such configuration information in separate files that go
in <samp><span class="file">$(datadir)</span></samp> or <samp><span
class="file">$(sysconfdir)</span></samp>. <samp><span
class="file">$(localstatedir)</span></samp>
should normally be <samp><span class="file">/usr/local/var</span></samp>, but
write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/var</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@localstatedir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@localstatedir@</span></samp>’.)
</dl>
<p>These variables specify the directory for installing certain specific
types of files, if your program has them. Every GNU package should
-have Info files, so every program needs `<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>', but not all
-need `<samp><span class="samp">libdir</span></samp>' or `<samp><span
class="samp">lispdir</span></samp>'.
+have Info files, so every program needs ‘<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>’, but not all
+need ‘<samp><span class="samp">libdir</span></samp>’ or
‘<samp><span class="samp">lispdir</span></samp>’.
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">includedir</span></samp>'<dd><!-- rewritten to
avoid overfull hbox -roland -->
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">includedir</span></samp>’<dd><!--
rewritten to avoid overfull hbox -roland -->
The directory for installing header files to be included by user
-programs with the C `<samp><span class="samp">#include</span></samp>'
preprocessor directive. This
+programs with the C ‘<samp><span
class="samp">#include</span></samp>’ preprocessor directive. This
should normally be <samp><span class="file">/usr/local/include</span></samp>,
but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(prefix)/include</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@includedir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@includedir@</span></samp>’.)
<p>Most compilers other than GCC do not look for header files in directory
<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/include</span></samp>. So installing the
header files this way is
@@ -213,9 +213,9 @@
header files in two places, one specified by <code>includedir</code> and one
specified by <code>oldincludedir</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">oldincludedir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing `<samp><span class="samp">#include</span></samp>'
header files for use with
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">oldincludedir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
‘<samp><span class="samp">#include</span></samp>’ header files for
use with
compilers other than GCC. This should normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/include</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, you can write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@oldincludedir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, you can write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@oldincludedir@</span></samp>’.)
<p>The Makefile commands should check whether the value of
<code>oldincludedir</code> is empty. If it is, they should not try to use
@@ -231,85 +231,85 @@
<p>To tell whether <samp><span class="file">foo.h</span></samp> came from
the Foo package, put a magic
string in the file—part of a comment—and <code>grep</code> for
that string.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">docdir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing documentation files (other than Info) for
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">docdir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
documentation files (other than Info) for
this package. By default, it should be
<samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/doc/</span><var>yourpkg</var></samp>, but it
should be written as
<samp><span class="file">$(datarootdir)/doc/</span><var>yourpkg</var></samp>.
(If you are using Autoconf,
-write it as `<samp><span class="samp">@docdir@</span></samp>'.) The
<var>yourpkg</var> subdirectory, which
+write it as ‘<samp><span class="samp">@docdir@</span></samp>’.)
The <var>yourpkg</var> subdirectory, which
may include a version number, prevents collisions among files with
common names, such as <samp><span class="file">README</span></samp>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">infodir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing the Info files for this package. By
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">infodir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing the
Info files for this package. By
default, it should be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/info</span></samp>, but it should be
written as <samp><span class="file">$(datarootdir)/info</span></samp>. (If
you are using Autoconf,
-write it as `<samp><span class="samp">@infodir@</span></samp>'.)
<code>infodir</code> is separate from
+write it as ‘<samp><span class="samp">@infodir@</span></samp>’.)
<code>infodir</code> is separate from
<code>docdir</code> for compatibility with existing practice.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">htmldir</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">dvidir</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">pdfdir</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">psdir</span></samp>'<dd>Directories for installing documentation
files in the particular
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">htmldir</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dvidir</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">pdfdir</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">psdir</span></samp>’<dd>Directories for installing
documentation files in the particular
format. They should all be set to <code>$(docdir)</code> by default. (If
-you are using Autoconf, write them as `<samp><span
class="samp">@htmldir@</span></samp>',
-`<samp><span class="samp">@dvidir@</span></samp>', etc.) Packages which
supply several translations
+you are using Autoconf, write them as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@htmldir@</span></samp>’,
+‘<samp><span class="samp">@dvidir@</span></samp>’, etc.) Packages
which supply several translations
of their documentation should install them in
-`<samp><span class="samp">$(htmldir)/</span></samp>'<var>ll</var>,
`<samp><span class="samp">$(pdfdir)/</span></samp>'<var>ll</var>, etc. where
-<var>ll</var> is a locale abbreviation such as `<samp><span
class="samp">en</span></samp>' or `<samp><span
class="samp">pt_BR</span></samp>'.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">$(htmldir)/</span></samp>’<var>ll</var>,
‘<samp><span class="samp">$(pdfdir)/</span></samp>’<var>ll</var>,
etc. where
+<var>ll</var> is a locale abbreviation such as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">en</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span
class="samp">pt_BR</span></samp>’.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">libdir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for object files and libraries of object code. Do not
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">libdir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for object files and
libraries of object code. Do not
install executables here, they probably ought to go in <samp><span
class="file">$(libexecdir)</span></samp>
instead. The value of <code>libdir</code> should normally be
<samp><span class="file">/usr/local/lib</span></samp>, but write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(exec_prefix)/lib</span></samp>.
-(If you are using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@libdir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@libdir@</span></samp>’.)
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">lispdir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing any Emacs Lisp files in this package. By
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">lispdir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing any
Emacs Lisp files in this package. By
default, it should be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp</span></samp>, but it
should be written as <samp><span
class="file">$(datarootdir)/emacs/site-lisp</span></samp>.
- <p>If you are using Autoconf, write the default as `<samp><span
class="samp">@lispdir@</span></samp>'.
-In order to make `<samp><span class="samp">@lispdir@</span></samp>' work, you
need the following lines
+ <p>If you are using Autoconf, write the default as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@lispdir@</span></samp>’.
+In order to make ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@lispdir@</span></samp>’ work, you need the following lines
in your <samp><span class="file">configure.in</span></samp> file:
<pre class="example"> lispdir='${datarootdir}/emacs/site-lisp'
AC_SUBST(lispdir)
- </pre>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">localedir</span></samp>'<dd>The
directory for installing locale-specific message catalogs for this
+</pre>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">localedir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
locale-specific message catalogs for this
package. By default, it should be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/locale</span></samp>, but
it should be written as <samp><span
class="file">$(datarootdir)/locale</span></samp>. (If you are
-using Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span
class="samp">@localedir@</span></samp>'.) This directory
+using Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@localedir@</span></samp>’.) This directory
usually has a subdirectory per locale.
</dl>
<p>Unix-style man pages are installed in one of the following:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mandir</span></samp>'<dd>The top-level directory
for installing the man pages (if any) for this
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">mandir</span></samp>’<dd>The
top-level directory for installing the man pages (if any) for this
package. It will normally be <samp><span
class="file">/usr/local/share/man</span></samp>, but you
should write it as <samp><span class="file">$(datarootdir)/man</span></samp>.
(If you are using
-Autoconf, write it as `<samp><span class="samp">@mandir@</span></samp>'.)
+Autoconf, write it as ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@mandir@</span></samp>’.)
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">man1dir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory
for installing section 1 man pages. Write it as
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">man1dir</span></samp>’<dd>The directory for installing
section 1 man pages. Write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(mandir)/man1</span></samp>.
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">man2dir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory for
installing section 2 man pages. Write it as
+<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">man2dir</span></samp>’<dd>The
directory for installing section 2 man pages. Write it as
<samp><span class="file">$(mandir)/man2</span></samp>
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>'<dd>
+<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’<dd>
<strong>Don't make the primary documentation for any GNU software be a
man page. Write a manual in Texinfo instead. Man pages are just for
the sake of people running GNU software on Unix, which is a secondary
application only.</strong>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">manext</span></samp>'<dd>The file name
extension for the installed man page. This should contain
-a period followed by the appropriate digit; it should normally be `<samp><span
class="samp">.1</span></samp>'.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">manext</span></samp>’<dd>The file name extension for the
installed man page. This should contain
+a period followed by the appropriate digit; it should normally be
‘<samp><span class="samp">.1</span></samp>’.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">man1ext</span></samp>'<dd>The file name
extension for installed section 1 man pages.
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">man2ext</span></samp>'<dd>The file name
extension for installed section 2 man pages.
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>'<dd>Use these names
instead of `<samp><span class="samp">manext</span></samp>' if the package needs
to install man
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">man1ext</span></samp>’<dd>The file name extension for
installed section 1 man pages.
+<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">man2ext</span></samp>’<dd>The
file name extension for installed section 2 man pages.
+<br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">...</span></samp>’<dd>Use these
names instead of ‘<samp><span class="samp">manext</span></samp>’ if
the package needs to install man
pages in more than one section of the manual.
</dl>
<p>And finally, you should set the following variable:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">srcdir</span></samp>'<dd>The directory for the
sources being compiled. The value of this
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">srcdir</span></samp>’<dd>The
directory for the sources being compiled. The value of this
variable is normally inserted by the <code>configure</code> shell script.
-(If you are using Autoconf, use `<samp><span class="samp">srcdir =
@srcdir@</span></samp>'.)
+(If you are using Autoconf, use ‘<samp><span class="samp">srcdir =
@srcdir@</span></samp>’.)
</dl>
<p>For example:
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
they will work sensibly when the user does so.
<p>At times, not all of these variables may be implemented in the current
-release of Autoconf and/or Automake; but as of Autoconf <!-- /@w -->2.60,
we
+release of Autoconf and/or Automake; but as of Autoconf 2.60, we
believe all of them are. When any are missing, the descriptions here
serve as specifications for what Autoconf will implement. As a
programmer, you can either use a development version of Autoconf or
Index: html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Doc Strings and Manuals - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="prev" href="GNU-Manuals.html#GNU-Manuals" title="GNU Manuals">
<link rel="next" href="Manual-Structure-Details.html#Manual-Structure-Details"
title="Manual Structure Details">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Documentation.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Documentation.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Documentation.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Documentation.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Documentation - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="prev" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="next" href="Managing-Releases.html#Managing-Releases"
title="Managing Releases">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Errors.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Errors.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Errors.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Errors.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Errors - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="prev" href="Libraries.html#Libraries" title="Libraries">
<link rel="next" href="User-Interfaces.html#User-Interfaces" title="User
Interfaces">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/File-Usage.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/File-Usage.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
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diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/File-Usage.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/File-Usage.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>File Usage - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="prev" href="Memory-Usage.html#Memory-Usage" title="Memory Usage">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Formatting.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Formatting.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
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diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Formatting.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Formatting.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Formatting - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="next" href="Comments.html#Comments" title="Comments">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html,v
retrieving revision 1.17
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diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56
-0000 1.17
+++ html_node/GNU-Free-Documentation-License.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21
-0000 1.18
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
<title>GNU Free Documentation License - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Copying-This-Manual.html#Copying-This-Manual"
title="Copying This Manual">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -453,5 +453,5 @@
<!-- Local Variables: -->
<!-- ispell-local-pdict: "ispell-dict" -->
<!-- End: -->
-</body></html>
+ </body></html>
Index: html_node/GNU-Manuals.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/GNU-Manuals.html,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- html_node/GNU-Manuals.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.17
+++ html_node/GNU-Manuals.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.18
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>GNU Manuals - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="next" href="Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html#Doc-Strings-and-Manuals"
title="Doc Strings and Manuals">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
a computer program. Please use “invalid” for this, and reserve the
term “illegal” for activities prohibited by law.
- <p>Please do not write `<samp><span class="samp">()</span></samp>' after a
function name just to indicate
+ <p>Please do not write ‘<samp><span
class="samp">()</span></samp>’ after a function name just to indicate
it is a function. <code>foo ()</code> is not a function, it is a function
call with no arguments.
Index: html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Graphical-Interfaces.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Graphical Interfaces - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="prev" href="User-Interfaces.html#User-Interfaces" title="User
Interfaces">
<link rel="next"
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces"
title="Command-Line Interfaces">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Index.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Index.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Index.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Index.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
<title>Index - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="prev" href="Copying-This-Manual.html#Copying-This-Manual"
title="Copying This Manual">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -45,13 +45,50 @@
<h2 class="unnumbered">Index</h2>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>Index - GNU Coding Standards</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
+<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
+<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
+<link rel="prev" href="Copying-This-Manual.html#Copying-This-Manual"
title="Copying This Manual">
+<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
+<!--
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
+
+Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
+2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+with no Invariant Sections, with no
+Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts.
+A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
+Free Documentation License".-->
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css">
+<style type="text/css"><!--
+ pre.display { font-family:inherit }
+ pre.format { font-family:inherit }
+ pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller }
+ pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller }
+ span.sc { font-variant:small-caps }
+ span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; }
+ span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; }
+--></style>
+</head>
+<body>
<ul class="index-cp" compact>
<li><a
href="Comments.html#index-g_t_0040code_007b_0023endif_007d_002c-commenting-65"><code>#endif</code>,
commenting</a>: <a href="Comments.html#Comments">Comments</a></li>
-<li><a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dhelp_007d-option-49">`<samp><span
class="samp">--help</span></samp>' option</a>: <a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
-<li><a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dversion_007d-option-46">`<samp><span
class="samp">--version</span></samp>' option</a>: <a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
-<li><a
href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dWall_007d-compiler-option-70">`<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>' compiler option</a>: <a
href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#Syntactic-Conventions">Syntactic
Conventions</a></li>
+<li><a
href="_002d_002dhelp.html#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dhelp_007d-output-49">‘<samp><span
class="samp">--help</span></samp>’ output</a>: <a
href="_002d_002dhelp.html#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a></li>
+<li><a
href="_002d_002dversion.html#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dversion_007d-output-46">‘<samp><span
class="samp">--version</span></samp>’ output</a>: <a
href="_002d_002dversion.html#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a></li>
+<li><a
href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dWall_007d-compiler-option-70">‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>’ compiler option</a>: <a
href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#Syntactic-Conventions">Syntactic
Conventions</a></li>
<li><a href="Contributions.html#index-accepting-contributions-7">accepting
contributions</a>: <a
href="Contributions.html#Contributions">Contributions</a></li>
-<li><a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#index-address-for-bug-reports-50">address
for bug reports</a>: <a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
+<li><a href="_002d_002dhelp.html#index-address-for-bug-reports-50">address for
bug reports</a>: <a href="_002d_002dhelp.html#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a></li>
<li><a
href="Standard-C.html#index-g_t_0040sc_007bansi_007d-C-standard-17"><span
class="sc">ansi</span> C standard</a>: <a
href="Standard-C.html#Standard-C">Standard C</a></li>
<li><a href="Semantics.html#index-arbitrary-limits-on-data-19">arbitrary
limits on data</a>: <a href="Semantics.html#Semantics">Semantics</a></li>
<li><a href="Character-Set.html#index-ASCII-characters-92">ASCII
characters</a>: <a href="Character-Set.html#Character-Set">Character
Set</a></li>
@@ -61,8 +98,8 @@
<li><a href="Install-Command-Categories.html#index-binary-packages-126">binary
packages</a>: <a
href="Install-Command-Categories.html#Install-Command-Categories">Install
Command Categories</a></li>
<li><a
href="Directory-Variables.html#index-bindir-121"><code>bindir</code></a>: <a
href="Directory-Variables.html#Directory-Variables">Directory Variables</a></li>
<li><a href="Formatting.html#index-braces_002c-in-C-source-58">braces, in C
source</a>: <a href="Formatting.html#Formatting">Formatting</a></li>
-<li><a href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#index-bug-reports-51">bug
reports</a>: <a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
-<li><a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#index-canonical-name-of-a-program-47">canonical
name of a program</a>: <a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
+<li><a href="_002d_002dhelp.html#index-bug-reports-51">bug reports</a>: <a
href="_002d_002dhelp.html#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a></li>
+<li><a
href="_002d_002dversion.html#index-canonical-name-of-a-program-47">canonical
name of a program</a>: <a
href="_002d_002dversion.html#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a></li>
<li><a
href="CPU-Portability.html#index-casting-pointers-to-integers-82">casting
pointers to integers</a>: <a href="CPU-Portability.html#CPU-Portability">CPU
Portability</a></li>
<li><a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#index-CGI-programs_002c-standard-options-for-44">CGI
programs, standard options for</a>: <a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
<li><a href="Change-Logs.html#index-change-logs-104">change logs</a>: <a
href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs">Change Logs</a></li>
@@ -155,7 +192,7 @@
<li><a href="Configuration.html#index-program-configuration-110">program
configuration</a>: <a
href="Configuration.html#Configuration">Configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="Design-Advice.html#index-program-design-9">program design</a>: <a
href="Design-Advice.html#Design-Advice">Design Advice</a></li>
<li><a
href="User-Interfaces.html#index-program-name-and-its-behavior-32">program name
and its behavior</a>: <a href="User-Interfaces.html#User-Interfaces">User
Interfaces</a></li>
-<li><a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#index-program_0027s-canonical-name-48">program's
canonical name</a>: <a
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a></li>
+<li><a
href="_002d_002dversion.html#index-program_0027s-canonical-name-48">program's
canonical name</a>: <a
href="_002d_002dversion.html#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a></li>
<li><a href="Source-Language.html#index-programming-languages-10">programming
languages</a>: <a href="Source-Language.html#Source-Language">Source
Language</a></li>
<li><a
href="Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html#index-proprietary-programs-4">proprietary
programs</a>: <a
href="Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html#Reading-Non_002dFree-Code">Reading
Non-Free Code</a></li>
<li><a href="Quote-Characters.html#index-quote-characters-94">quote
characters</a>: <a href="Quote-Characters.html#Quote-Characters">Quote
Characters</a></li>
@@ -177,5 +214,7 @@
<li><a
href="Semantics.html#index-g_t_0040code_007bTMPDIR_007d-environment-variable-28"><code>TMPDIR</code>
environment variable</a>: <a href="Semantics.html#Semantics">Semantics</a></li>
<li><a href="Trademarks.html#index-trademarks-8">trademarks</a>: <a
href="Trademarks.html#Trademarks">Trademarks</a></li>
<li><a
href="Preface.html#index-where-to-obtain-_0040code_007bstandards_002etexi_007d-1">where
to obtain <code>standards.texi</code></a>: <a
href="Preface.html#Preface">Preface</a></li>
- </ul></body></html>
+ </ul>
+
+</body></html>
Index: html_node/Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Indicating-the-Part-Changed.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Indicating the Part Changed - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs" title="Change Logs">
<link rel="prev" href="Conditional-Changes.html#Conditional-Changes"
title="Conditional Changes">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Install-Command-Categories.html
===================================================================
RCS file:
/web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Install-Command-Categories.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Install-Command-Categories.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Install-Command-Categories.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Install Command Categories - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Makefile-Conventions.html#Makefile-Conventions"
title="Makefile Conventions">
<link rel="prev" href="Standard-Targets.html#Standard-Targets" title="Standard
Targets">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Internationalization.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Internationalization.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Internationalization.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Internationalization.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Internationalization - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="System-Functions.html#System-Functions" title="System
Functions">
<link rel="next" href="Character-Set.html#Character-Set" title="Character Set">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
name</dfn> for the package. The text domain name is used to separate the
translations for this package from the translations for other packages.
Normally, the text domain name should be the same as the name of the
-package—for example, `<samp><span class="samp">coreutils</span></samp>'
for the GNU core utilities.
+package—for example, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">coreutils</span></samp>’ for the GNU core utilities.
<p><a name="index-message-text_002c-and-internationalization-89"></a>To
enable gettext to work well, avoid writing code that makes
assumptions about the structure of words or sentences. When you want
Index: html_node/Legal-Issues.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Legal-Issues.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Legal-Issues.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Legal-Issues.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Legal Issues - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="prev" href="Preface.html#Preface" title="Preface">
<link rel="next" href="Design-Advice.html#Design-Advice" title="Design Advice">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Libraries.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Libraries.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Libraries.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Libraries.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Libraries - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="prev" href="Semantics.html#Semantics" title="Semantics">
<link rel="next" href="Errors.html#Errors" title="Errors">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
other; then they can both go in the same file.
<p>External symbols that are not documented entry points for the user
-should have names beginning with `<samp><span class="samp">_</span></samp>'.
The `<samp><span class="samp">_</span></samp>' should be
+should have names beginning with ‘<samp><span
class="samp">_</span></samp>’. The ‘<samp><span
class="samp">_</span></samp>’ should be
followed by the chosen name prefix for the library, to prevent
collisions with other libraries. These can go in the same files with
user entry points if you like.
Index: html_node/License-for-Manuals.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/License-for-Manuals.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/License-for-Manuals.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/License-for-Manuals.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>License for Manuals - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="prev" href="Manual-Structure-Details.html#Manual-Structure-Details"
title="Manual Structure Details">
<link rel="next" href="Manual-Credits.html#Manual-Credits" title="Manual
Credits">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Makefile-Basics.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Makefile-Basics.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Makefile-Basics.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Makefile-Basics.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Makefile Basics - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Makefile-Conventions.html#Makefile-Conventions"
title="Makefile Conventions">
<link rel="next" href="Utilities-in-Makefiles.html#Utilities-in-Makefiles"
title="Utilities in Makefiles">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
<p>The distinction between <samp><span class="file">./</span></samp> (the
<dfn>build directory</dfn>) and
<samp><span class="file">$(srcdir)/</span></samp> (the <dfn>source
directory</dfn>) is important because
-users can build in a separate directory using the `<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>' option
+users can build in a separate directory using the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--srcdir</span></samp>’ option
to <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp>. A rule of the form:
<pre class="smallexample"> foo.1 : foo.man sedscript
@@ -83,10 +83,10 @@
<p class="noindent">will fail when the build directory is not the source
directory, because
<samp><span class="file">foo.man</span></samp> and <samp><span
class="file">sedscript</span></samp> are in the source directory.
- <p>When using GNU <code>make</code>, relying on `<samp><span
class="samp">VPATH</span></samp>' to find the source
+ <p>When using GNU <code>make</code>, relying on ‘<samp><span
class="samp">VPATH</span></samp>’ to find the source
file will work in the case where there is a single dependency file,
-since the <code>make</code> automatic variable `<samp><span
class="samp">$<</span></samp>' will represent the
-source file wherever it is. (Many versions of <code>make</code> set
`<samp><span class="samp">$<</span></samp>'
+since the <code>make</code> automatic variable ‘<samp><span
class="samp">$<</span></samp>’ will represent the
+source file wherever it is. (Many versions of <code>make</code> set
‘<samp><span class="samp">$<</span></samp>’
only in implicit rules.) A Makefile target like
<pre class="smallexample"> foo.o : bar.c
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@
<pre class="smallexample"> foo.o : bar.c
$(CC) -I. -I$(srcdir) $(CFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
</pre>
- <p class="noindent">in order to allow `<samp><span
class="samp">VPATH</span></samp>' to work correctly. When the target has
-multiple dependencies, using an explicit `<samp><span
class="samp">$(srcdir)</span></samp>' is the easiest
+ <p class="noindent">in order to allow ‘<samp><span
class="samp">VPATH</span></samp>’ to work correctly. When the target has
+multiple dependencies, using an explicit ‘<samp><span
class="samp">$(srcdir)</span></samp>’ is the easiest
way to make the rule work well. For example, the target above for
<samp><span class="file">foo.1</span></samp> is best written as:
Index: html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html,v
retrieving revision 1.17
retrieving revision 1.18
diff -u -b -r1.17 -r1.18
--- html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.17
+++ html_node/Makefile-Conventions.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:21 -0000 1.18
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Makefile Conventions - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Managing-Releases.html#Managing-Releases" title="Managing
Releases">
<link rel="prev" href="Configuration.html#Configuration" title="Configuration">
<link rel="next" href="Releases.html#Releases" title="Releases">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
<!-- Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts. -->
<!-- A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU -->
<!-- Free Documentation License''. -->
-<p>This
+ <p>This
describes conventions for writing the Makefiles for GNU programs.
Using Automake will help you write a Makefile that follows these
conventions.
Index: html_node/Man-Pages.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Man-Pages.html,v
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diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Man-Pages.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Man-Pages.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Man Pages - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="prev" href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs" title="Change Logs">
<link rel="next" href="Reading-other-Manuals.html#Reading-other-Manuals"
title="Reading other Manuals">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Managing-Releases.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Managing-Releases.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Managing-Releases.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Managing-Releases.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Managing Releases - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="prev" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="next" href="References.html#References" title="References">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Manual-Credits.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Manual-Credits.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Manual-Credits.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Manual-Credits.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Manual Credits - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="prev" href="License-for-Manuals.html#License-for-Manuals"
title="License for Manuals">
<link rel="next" href="Printed-Manuals.html#Printed-Manuals" title="Printed
Manuals">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Manual-Structure-Details.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Manual-Structure-Details.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Manual-Structure-Details.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Manual-Structure-Details.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Manual Structure Details - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="prev" href="Doc-Strings-and-Manuals.html#Doc-Strings-and-Manuals"
title="Doc Strings and Manuals">
<link rel="next" href="License-for-Manuals.html#License-for-Manuals"
title="License for Manuals">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -56,10 +56,10 @@
number for the manual in both of these places.
<p>Each program documented in the manual should have a node named
-`<samp><var>program</var><span class="samp"> Invocation</span></samp>' or
`<samp><span class="samp">Invoking </span><var>program</var></samp>'. This
+‘<samp><var>program</var><span class="samp">
Invocation</span></samp>’ or ‘<samp><span class="samp">Invoking
</span><var>program</var></samp>’. This
node (together with its subnodes, if any) should describe the program's
command line arguments and how to run it (the sort of information people
-would look for in a man page). Start with an `<samp><span
class="samp">@example</span></samp>'
+would look for in a man page). Start with an ‘<samp><span
class="samp">@example</span></samp>’
containing a template for all the options and arguments that the program
uses.
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
the above patterns. This identifies the node which that item points to
as the node for this purpose, regardless of the node's actual name.
- <p>The `<samp><span class="samp">--usage</span></samp>' feature of the Info
reader looks for such a node
+ <p>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">--usage</span></samp>’ feature
of the Info reader looks for such a node
or menu item in order to find the relevant text, so it is essential
for every Texinfo file to have one.
Index: html_node/Memory-Usage.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Memory-Usage.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
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diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Memory-Usage.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Memory-Usage.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Memory Usage - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="prev" href="Option-Table.html#Option-Table" title="Option Table">
<link rel="next" href="File-Usage.html#File-Usage" title="File Usage">
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title="Texinfo Homepage">
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-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Mmap.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Mmap.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Mmap.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Mmap.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Mmap - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
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Characters">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/NEWS-File.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/NEWS-File.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/NEWS-File.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/NEWS-File.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>NEWS File - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
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<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
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Manuals">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
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2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Names.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Names.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Names.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Names.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Names - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="Syntactic-Conventions.html#Syntactic-Conventions"
title="Syntactic Conventions">
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title="System Portability">
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title="Texinfo Homepage">
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-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
int ignore_space_change_flag;
</pre>
<p>When you want to define names with constant integer values, use
-<code>enum</code> rather than `<samp><span
class="samp">#define</span></samp>'. GDB knows about enumeration
+<code>enum</code> rather than ‘<samp><span
class="samp">#define</span></samp>’. GDB knows about enumeration
constants.
<p><a name="index-file_002dname-limitations-75"></a><a
name="index-doschk-76"></a>You might want to make sure that none of the file
names would conflict
Index: html_node/Non_002dGNU-Standards.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Non_002dGNU-Standards.html,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- html_node/Non_002dGNU-Standards.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.6
+++ html_node/Non_002dGNU-Standards.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000
1.7
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Non-GNU Standards - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
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title="Texinfo Homepage">
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-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -69,16 +69,16 @@
prohibited. How silly! GCC implements many extensions, some of which
were later adopted as part of the standard. If you want these
constructs to give an error message as “required” by the standard,
-you must specify `<samp><span class="samp">--pedantic</span></samp>', which
was implemented only so that
+you must specify ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--pedantic</span></samp>’, which was implemented only so that
we can say “GCC is a 100% implementation of the standard,” not
because there is any reason to actually use it.
- <p>POSIX.2 specifies that `<samp><span class="samp">df</span></samp>' and
`<samp><span class="samp">du</span></samp>' must output sizes by
+ <p>POSIX.2 specifies that ‘<samp><span
class="samp">df</span></samp>’ and ‘<samp><span
class="samp">du</span></samp>’ must output sizes by
default in units of 512 bytes. What users want is units of 1k, so
that is what we do by default. If you want the ridiculous behavior
“required” by POSIX, you must set the environment variable
-`<samp><span class="samp">POSIXLY_CORRECT</span></samp>' (which was originally
going to be named
-`<samp><span class="samp">POSIX_ME_HARDER</span></samp>').
+‘<samp><span class="samp">POSIXLY_CORRECT</span></samp>’ (which
was originally going to be named
+‘<samp><span class="samp">POSIX_ME_HARDER</span></samp>’).
<p>GNU utilities also depart from the letter of the POSIX.2 specification
when they support long-named command-line options, and intermixing
Index: html_node/Option-Table.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Option-Table.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Option-Table.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Option-Table.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Option Table - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="prev"
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces"
title="Command-Line Interfaces">
<link rel="next" href="Memory-Usage.html#Memory-Usage" title="Memory Usage">
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title="Texinfo Homepage">
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-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -60,751 +60,751 @@
<!-- When there is more than one short option for a long option name, put -->
<!-- a semicolon between the lists of the programs that use them, not a -->
<!-- period. -friedman -->
-<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">after-date</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <dl>
+<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">after-date</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>, <code>ls</code>,
<code>nm</code>, <code>stty</code>, <code>uname</code>,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>, <code>ls</code>,
<code>nm</code>, <code>stty</code>, <code>uname</code>,
and <code>unexpand</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">all-text</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">all-text</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">almost-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">almost-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">append</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>, <code>tee</code>,
<code>time</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">append</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>, <code>tee</code>,
<code>time</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">archive</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">archive</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">archive-name</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">archive-name</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">arglength</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">arglength</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">ascii</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ascii</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">assign</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-v</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">assign</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-v</span></samp>’ in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">assume-new</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">assume-new</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">assume-old</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">assume-old</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">auto-check</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">auto-check</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">auto-pager</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">auto-pager</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">auto-reference</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">auto-reference</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">avoid-wraps</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">avoid-wraps</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">background</span></samp>'<dd>For server
programs, run in the background.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">background</span></samp>’<dd>For server programs, run in the
background.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">backward-search</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">backward-search</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">basename</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">basename</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">batch</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">batch</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">baud</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">baud</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">before</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>tac</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">before</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>tac</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">binary</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code> and <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">binary</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code> and <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">bits-per-code</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">bits-per-code</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">block-size</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>cpio</code> and <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">block-size</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>cpio</code> and
<code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">blocks</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>head</code> and <code>tail</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">blocks</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>head</code> and <code>tail</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">break-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">break-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">brief</span></samp>'<dd>Used in various
programs to make output shorter.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">brief</span></samp>’<dd>Used in various programs to make
output shorter.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">bytes</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>head</code>, <code>split</code>, and
<code>tail</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">bytes</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>head</code>, <code>split</code>,
and <code>tail</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">c</span><tt>++</tt></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">c</span><tt>++</tt></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">catenate</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">catenate</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">cd</span></samp>'<dd>Used in various
programs to specify the directory to use.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">cd</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in various programs to specify the directory to use.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">changes</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>chgrp</code> and <code>chown</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">changes</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>chgrp</code> and
<code>chown</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">classify</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">classify</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">colons</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">colons</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">command</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>su</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">command</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>su</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">compare</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">compare</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">compat</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">compat</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">compress</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-Z</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code> and <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">compress</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Z</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code> and <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">concatenate</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">concatenate</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">confirmation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">confirmation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">context</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">context</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">copyleft</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W copyleft</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">copyleft</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W copyleft</span></samp>’ in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">copyright</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>, <code>recode</code>, and
<code>wdiff</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-W copyright</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">copyright</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>, <code>recode</code>,
and <code>wdiff</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-W copyright</span></samp>’ in
<code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">core</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">core</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">count</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">count</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">count-links</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">count-links</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">create</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>tar</code> and <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">create</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>tar</code> and
<code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">cut-mark</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">cut-mark</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">cxref</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">cxref</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">date</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>touch</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">date</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>touch</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">debug</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in Make and <code>m4</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">debug</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in Make and <code>m4</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">define</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">define</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">defines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in Bison and <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">defines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in Bison and <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">delete</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">delete</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">dereference</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>' in <code>chgrp</code>, <code>chown</code>,
<code>cpio</code>, <code>du</code>,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dereference</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>’ in <code>chgrp</code>, <code>chown</code>,
<code>cpio</code>, <code>du</code>,
<code>ls</code>, and <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">dereference-args</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dereference-args</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">device</span></samp>'<dd>Specify an I/O
device (special file name).
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">device</span></samp>’<dd>Specify an I/O device (special file
name).
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">diacritics</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">diacritics</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">dictionary-order</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>look</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dictionary-order</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>look</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">diff</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">diff</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">digits</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">digits</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">directory</span></samp>'<dd>Specify the
directory to use, in various programs. In <code>ls</code>, it
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">directory</span></samp>’<dd>Specify the directory to use, in
various programs. In <code>ls</code>, it
means to show directories themselves rather than their contents. In
<code>rm</code> and <code>ln</code>, it means to not treat links to directories
specially.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">discard-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>strip</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">discard-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>strip</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">discard-locals</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>' in <code>strip</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">discard-locals</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>’ in <code>strip</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">dry-run</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dry-run</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">ed</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ed</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">elide-empty-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">elide-empty-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">end-delete</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">end-delete</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">end-insert</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">end-insert</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">entire-new-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">entire-new-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">environment-overrides</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">environment-overrides</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">eof</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">eof</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">epoch</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">epoch</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">error-limit</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">error-limit</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">error-output</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">error-output</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">escape</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">escape</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">exclude-from</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">exclude-from</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">exec</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">exec</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">exit</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">exit</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">exit-0</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>unshar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">exit-0</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>unshar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">expand-tabs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">expand-tabs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">expression</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>sed</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">expression</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>sed</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">extern-only</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">extern-only</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">extract</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">extract</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">faces</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>finger</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">faces</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>finger</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">fast</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>su</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fast</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>su</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">fatal-warnings</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fatal-warnings</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>info</code>, <code>gawk</code>, Make,
<code>mt</code>, and <code>tar</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>sed</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>touch</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>info</code>, <code>gawk</code>,
Make, <code>mt</code>, and <code>tar</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>sed</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>touch</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">field-separator</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">field-separator</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">file-prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">file-prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">file-type</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">file-type</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">files-from</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">files-from</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">fill-column</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fill-column</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">flag-truncation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">flag-truncation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">fixed-output-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-y</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fixed-output-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-y</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">follow</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>tail</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">follow</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>tail</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">footnote-style</span></samp>'<dd>Used
in <code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">footnote-style</span></samp>’<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">force</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>, and <code>rm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">force</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>, and <code>rm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">force-prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">force-prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">foreground</span></samp>'<dd>For server
programs, run in the foreground;
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">foreground</span></samp>’<dd>For server programs, run in the
foreground;
in other words, don't do anything special to run the server
in the background.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">format</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>ls</code>, <code>time</code>, and <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">format</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>ls</code>,
<code>time</code>, and <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">freeze-state</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">freeze-state</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">fullname</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">fullname</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">gap-size</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">gap-size</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">get</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">get</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">graphic</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>ul</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">graphic</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>ul</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">graphics</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">graphics</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">group</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>install</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">group</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>install</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">gzip</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code> and <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">gzip</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code> and <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">hashsize</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">hashsize</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">header</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-h</span></samp>' in <code>objdump</code> and <code>recode</code>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">header</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-h</span></samp>’ in <code>objdump</code> and
<code>recode</code>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">heading</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">heading</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">help</span></samp>'<dd>Used to ask for
brief usage information.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">help</span></samp>’<dd>Used
to ask for brief usage information.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">here-delimiter</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">here-delimiter</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">hide-control-chars</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">hide-control-chars</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">html</span></samp>'<dd>In
<code>makeinfo</code>, output HTML.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">html</span></samp>’<dd>In
<code>makeinfo</code>, output HTML.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">idle</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">idle</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">ifdef</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ifdef</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">ignore</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-all-space</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-all-space</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-backups</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-backups</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-blank-lines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-blank-lines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-case</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>look</code> and <code>ptx</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code> and
<code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-case</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>look</code> and <code>ptx</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>
and <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-errors</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-errors</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-indentation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-indentation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-init-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in Oleo.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-init-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in Oleo.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-interrupts</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>tee</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-interrupts</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>tee</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-matching-lines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-matching-lines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-space-change</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-space-change</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-zeros</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ignore-zeros</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">include</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">include</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">include-dir</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">include-dir</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-I</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">incremental</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-G</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">incremental</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-G</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">info</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>', `<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>',
and `<samp><span class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in Finger.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">info</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’, ‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’, and ‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in Finger.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">init-file</span></samp>'<dd>In some
programs, specify the name of the file to read as the user's
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">init-file</span></samp>’<dd>In some programs, specify the
name of the file to read as the user's
init file.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">initial</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>expand</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">initial</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>expand</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">initial-tab</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">initial-tab</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">inode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">inode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">interactive</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>, <code>rm</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">interactive</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>, <code>rm</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">intermix-type</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">intermix-type</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">iso-8601</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>date</code>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">iso-8601</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>date</code>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">jobs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-j</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">jobs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-j</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">just-print</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">just-print</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">keep-going</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">keep-going</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">keep-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">keep-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">kilobytes</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>' in <code>du</code> and <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">kilobytes</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-k</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code> and <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">language</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">language</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">less-mode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">less-mode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">level-for-gzip</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">level-for-gzip</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">line-bytes</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>' in <code>split</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">line-bytes</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-C</span></samp>’ in <code>split</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">lines</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>split</code>, <code>head</code>, and <code>tail</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">lines</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>split</code>,
<code>head</code>, and <code>tail</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">link</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">link</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">lint</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">lint-old</span></samp>'<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">lint</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">lint-old</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">list</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">list</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">list</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">list</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">literal</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">literal</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-N</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">load-average</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">load-average</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">login</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>su</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">login</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>su</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">machine</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">machine</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">macro-name</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">macro-name</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mail</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>hello</code> and <code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mail</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>hello</code> and
<code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">make-directories</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">make-directories</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">makefile</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">makefile</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mapped</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mapped</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">max-args</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-args</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">max-chars</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-chars</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">max-lines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-lines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">max-load</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-load</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">max-procs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">max-procs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mesg</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mesg</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">message</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">message</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">minimal</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">minimal</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">mixed-uuencode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mixed-uuencode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>install</code>, <code>mkdir</code>, and
<code>mkfifo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>install</code>,
<code>mkdir</code>, and <code>mkfifo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">modification-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">modification-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">multi-volume</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">multi-volume</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-M</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">name-prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">name-prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">nesting-limit</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">nesting-limit</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">net-headers</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">net-headers</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">new-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">new-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-builtin-rules</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-builtin-rules</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-character-count</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-character-count</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-check-existing</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-check-existing</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-x</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-common</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-3</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-common</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-3</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-create</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>touch</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-create</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>touch</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-defines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-defines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-D</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-deleted</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-1</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-deleted</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-1</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-dereference</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-dereference</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-inserted</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-2</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-inserted</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-2</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-keep-going</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-keep-going</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-lines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in Bison.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-lines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in Bison.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-piping</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-piping</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-prof</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-prof</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-e</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-regex</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>' in <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-regex</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ in <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-sort</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-sort</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-splash</span></samp>'<dd>Don't print
a startup splash screen.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-splash</span></samp>’<dd>Don't print a startup splash
screen.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-split</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-split</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-static</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-static</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">no-timestamp</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-timestamp</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-validate</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-validate</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-wait</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>emacsclient</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-wait</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>emacsclient</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">no-warn</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
various programs to inhibit warnings.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">no-warn</span></samp>’<dd>Used in various programs to
inhibit warnings.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">node</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>info</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">node</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>info</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">nodename</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">nodename</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">nonmatching</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">nonmatching</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">nstuff</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>objdump</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">nstuff</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>objdump</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">null</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-0</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">null</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-0</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">number</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">number</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">number-nonblank</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">number-nonblank</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">numeric-sort</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">numeric-sort</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">numeric-uid-gid</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code> and <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">numeric-uid-gid</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code> and <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">nx</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">nx</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">old-archive</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">old-archive</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">old-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">old-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">one-file-system</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>, <code>cp</code>, and
<code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">one-file-system</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>, <code>cp</code>, and
<code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">only-file</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">only-file</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">only-prof</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">only-prof</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">only-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">only-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">options</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>getopt</code>, <code>fdlist</code>,
<code>fdmount</code>,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">options</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>getopt</code>,
<code>fdlist</code>, <code>fdmount</code>,
<code>fdmountd</code>, and <code>fdumount</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">output</span></samp>'<dd>In various
programs, specify the output file name.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">output</span></samp>’<dd>In
various programs, specify the output file name.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">output-prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">output-prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">override</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>rm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">override</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>rm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">overwrite</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>unshar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">overwrite</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>unshar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">owner</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>install</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">owner</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>install</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">paginate</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">paginate</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">paragraph-indent</span></samp>'<dd>Used
in <code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">paragraph-indent</span></samp>’<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">parents</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>mkdir</code> and <code>rmdir</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">parents</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>mkdir</code> and
<code>rmdir</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">pass-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>ul</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">pass-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>ul</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">pass-through</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">pass-through</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">port</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>' in <code>finger</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">port</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ in <code>finger</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">portability</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code> and <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">portability</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code> and <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">posix</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">posix</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">prefix-builtins</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">prefix-builtins</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-P</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">prefix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">prefix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">preserve</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>tar</code> and <code>cp</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>tar</code> and
<code>cp</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-environment</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>su</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-environment</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>su</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-modification-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-modification-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-m</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-order</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-order</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-permissions</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">preserve-permissions</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">print</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-chars</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>' in <code>cmp</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-chars</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>’ in <code>cmp</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-data-base</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-data-base</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-directory</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-directory</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-file-name</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-file-name</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-o</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">print-symdefs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">print-symdefs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">printer</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">printer</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">prompt</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>ed</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">prompt</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>ed</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">proxy</span></samp>'<dd>Specify an HTTP
proxy.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">proxy</span></samp>’<dd>Specify an HTTP proxy.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">query-user</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">query-user</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-X</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">question</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">question</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-q</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">quiet</span></samp>'<dd>Used in many
programs to inhibit the usual output. Every
-program accepting `<samp><span class="samp">--quiet</span></samp>' should
accept `<samp><span class="samp">--silent</span></samp>' as a
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">quiet</span></samp>’<dd>Used in many programs to inhibit the
usual output. Every
+program accepting ‘<samp><span class="samp">--quiet</span></samp>’
should accept ‘<samp><span class="samp">--silent</span></samp>’ as a
synonym.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">quiet-unshar</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-Q</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">quiet-unshar</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Q</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">quote-name</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-Q</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">quote-name</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Q</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">rcs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">rcs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">re-interval</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">re-interval</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">read-full-blocks</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">read-full-blocks</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">readnow</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">readnow</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">recon</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">recon</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-n</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">record-number</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">record-number</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">recursive</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>chgrp</code>, <code>chown</code>, <code>cp</code>, <code>ls</code>,
<code>diff</code>,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">recursive</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>chgrp</code>,
<code>chown</code>, <code>cp</code>, <code>ls</code>, <code>diff</code>,
and <code>rm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">reference-limit</span></samp>'<dd>Used
in <code>makeinfo</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reference-limit</span></samp>’<dd>Used in
<code>makeinfo</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">references</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">references</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">regex</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>tac</code> and <code>etags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">regex</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>tac</code> and <code>etags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">release</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">release</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">reload-state</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reload-state</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">relocation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>objdump</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">relocation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>objdump</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">rename</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">rename</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">replace</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>' in <code>xargs</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">replace</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-i</span></samp>’ in <code>xargs</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">report-identical-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">report-identical-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">reset-access-time</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reset-access-time</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">reverse</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code> and <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reverse</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-r</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code> and <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">reversed-ed</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">reversed-ed</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-f</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">right-side-defs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">right-side-defs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-R</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">same-order</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">same-order</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">same-permissions</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">same-permissions</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">save</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>' in <code>stty</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">save</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>’ in <code>stty</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">se</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">se</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">sentence-regexp</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sentence-regexp</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">separate-dirs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">separate-dirs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">separator</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>tac</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">separator</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>tac</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sequence</span></samp>'<dd>Used by
<code>recode</code> to chose files or pipes for sequencing passes.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sequence</span></samp>’<dd>Used by <code>recode</code> to
chose files or pipes for sequencing passes.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">shell</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>su</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">shell</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>su</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">show-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-A</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">show-c-function</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-c-function</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-p</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">show-ends</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-ends</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">show-function-line</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-function-line</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-F</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">show-tabs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">show-tabs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">silent</span></samp>'<dd>Used in many
programs to inhibit the usual output.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">silent</span></samp>’<dd>Used in many programs to inhibit
the usual output.
Every program accepting
-`<samp><span class="samp">--silent</span></samp>' should accept `<samp><span
class="samp">--quiet</span></samp>' as a synonym.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">--silent</span></samp>’ should accept
‘<samp><span class="samp">--quiet</span></samp>’ as a synonym.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">size</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">size</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">socket</span></samp>'<dd>Specify a file
descriptor for a network server to use for its socket,
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">socket</span></samp>’<dd>Specify a file descriptor for a
network server to use for its socket,
instead of opening and binding a new socket. This provides a way to
run, in a non-privileged process, a server that normally needs a
reserved port number.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sort</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">sort</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">source</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W source</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">source</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span class="samp">-W
source</span></samp>’ in <code>gawk</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sparse</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sparse</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">speed-large-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">speed-large-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-H</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">split-at</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>' in <code>unshar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">split-at</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-E</span></samp>’ in <code>unshar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">split-size-limit</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">split-size-limit</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-L</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">squeeze-blank</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>cat</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">squeeze-blank</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>cat</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">start-delete</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">start-delete</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">start-insert</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-y</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">start-insert</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-y</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">starting-file</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>tar</code> and <code>diff</code> to specify which file within
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">starting-file</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>tar</code> and
<code>diff</code> to specify which file within
a directory to start processing with.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">statistics</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">statistics</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">stdin-file-list</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">stdin-file-list</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">stop</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">stop</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">strict</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">strict</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">strip</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>install</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">strip</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>install</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">strip-all</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>strip</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">strip-all</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>strip</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">strip-debug</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>strip</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">strip-debug</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>strip</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">submitter</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">submitter</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">suffix</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">suffix</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-S</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">suffix-format</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>' in <code>csplit</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">suffix-format</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-b</span></samp>’ in <code>csplit</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sum</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sum</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">summarize</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">summarize</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">symbolic</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>ln</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">symbolic</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>ln</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">symbols</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB
and <code>objdump</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">symbols</span></samp>’<dd>Used in GDB and
<code>objdump</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">synclines</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">synclines</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">sysname</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>' in <code>uname</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">sysname</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-s</span></samp>’ in <code>uname</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">tabs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>expand</code> and <code>unexpand</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">tabs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>expand</code> and
<code>unexpand</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">tabsize</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">tabsize</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">terminal</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>tput</code> and <code>ul</code>.
-`<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>wdiff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">terminal</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>tput</code> and <code>ul</code>.
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>wdiff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">text</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>' in <code>diff</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">text</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-a</span></samp>’ in <code>diff</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">text-files</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">text-files</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">time</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>ls</code> and <code>touch</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">time</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in <code>ls</code> and <code>touch</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">timeout</span></samp>'<dd>Specify how
long to wait before giving up on some operation.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">timeout</span></samp>’<dd>Specify how long to wait before
giving up on some operation.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">to-stdout</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-O</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">to-stdout</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-O</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">total</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>' in <code>du</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">total</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-c</span></samp>’ in <code>du</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">touch</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in Make, <code>ranlib</code>, and
<code>recode</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">touch</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in Make, <code>ranlib</code>, and
<code>recode</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">trace</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">trace</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">traditional</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>hello</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-W traditional</span></samp>' in <code>gawk</code>;
-`<samp><span class="samp">-G</span></samp>' in <code>ed</code>,
<code>m4</code>, and <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">traditional</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>hello</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-W traditional</span></samp>’ in
<code>gawk</code>;
+‘<samp><span class="samp">-G</span></samp>’ in <code>ed</code>,
<code>m4</code>, and <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">tty</span></samp>'<dd>Used in GDB.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">tty</span></samp>’<dd>Used
in GDB.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">typedefs</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">typedefs</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">typedefs-and-c++</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">typedefs-and-c++</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">typeset-mode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">typeset-mode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">uncompress</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">uncompress</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">unconditional</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>' in <code>cpio</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">unconditional</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>’ in <code>cpio</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">undefine</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-U</span></samp>' in <code>m4</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">undefine</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-U</span></samp>’ in <code>m4</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">undefined-only</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>' in <code>nm</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">undefined-only</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>’ in <code>nm</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">update</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ctags</code>,
<code>mv</code>, <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">update</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-u</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ctags</code>,
<code>mv</code>, <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">usage</span></samp>'<dd>Used in
<code>gawk</code>; same as `<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>'.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">usage</span></samp>’<dd>Used in <code>gawk</code>; same as
‘<samp><span class="samp">--help</span></samp>’.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">uuencode</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">uuencode</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-B</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">vanilla-operation</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">vanilla-operation</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">verbose</span></samp>'<dd>Print more
information about progress. Many programs support this.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">verbose</span></samp>’<dd>Print more information about
progress. Many programs support this.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">verify</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">verify</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">version</span></samp>'<dd>Print the
version number.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">version</span></samp>’<dd>Print the version number.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">version-control</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>' in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">version-control</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>’ in <code>cp</code>, <code>ln</code>,
<code>mv</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">vgrind</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-v</span></samp>' in <code>ctags</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">vgrind</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-v</span></samp>’ in <code>ctags</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">volume</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>' in <code>tar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">volume</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-V</span></samp>’ in <code>tar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">what-if</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in Make.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">what-if</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in Make.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">whole-size-limit</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>' in <code>shar</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">whole-size-limit</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-l</span></samp>’ in <code>shar</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">width</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>' in <code>ls</code> and <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">width</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-w</span></samp>’ in <code>ls</code> and <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">word-regexp</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>' in <code>ptx</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">word-regexp</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-W</span></samp>’ in <code>ptx</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">writable</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>' in <code>who</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">writable</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-T</span></samp>’ in <code>who</code>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">zeros</span></samp>'<dd>`<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>' in <code>gprof</code>.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">zeros</span></samp>’<dd>‘<samp><span
class="samp">-z</span></samp>’ in <code>gprof</code>.
</dl>
</body></html>
Index: html_node/Preface.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Preface.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Preface.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Preface.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Preface - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="prev" href="index.html#Top" title="Top">
<link rel="next" href="Legal-Issues.html#Legal-Issues" title="Legal Issues">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
state reasons for writing in a certain way.
<p>This release of the GNU Coding Standards was last updated
-January 22, 2007.
+June 26, 2007.
<p><a
name="index-where-to-obtain-_0040code_007bstandards_002etexi_007d-1"></a><a
name="index-downloading-this-manual-2"></a>If you did not obtain this file
directly from the GNU project and
recently, please check for a newer version. You can get the GNU
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
you don't have those files, please mail your suggestion anyway.
<p>These standards cover the minimum of what is important when writing a
-GNU package. Likely, the needs for additional standards will come up.
+GNU package. Likely, the need for additional standards will come up.
Sometimes, you might suggest that such standards be added to this
document. If you think your standards would be generally useful, please
do suggest them.
Index: html_node/Printed-Manuals.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Printed-Manuals.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
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diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
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+++ html_node/Printed-Manuals.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Printed Manuals - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link rel="prev" href="Manual-Credits.html#Manual-Credits" title="Manual
Credits">
<link rel="next" href="NEWS-File.html#NEWS-File" title="NEWS File">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Program-Behavior.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Program-Behavior.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Program-Behavior.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Program-Behavior.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Program Behavior - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="prev" href="Design-Advice.html#Design-Advice" title="Design Advice">
<link rel="next" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Quote-Characters.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Quote-Characters.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- html_node/Quote-Characters.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.8
+++ html_node/Quote-Characters.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.9
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Quote Characters - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
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+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="Character-Set.html#Character-Set" title="Character Set">
<link rel="next" href="Mmap.html#Mmap" title="Mmap">
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title="Texinfo Homepage">
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-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@
<p><a name="index-quote-characters-94"></a><a
name="index-locale_002dspecific-quote-characters-95"></a><a
name="index-left-quote-96"></a><a name="index-grave-accent-97"></a>
In the C locale, GNU programs should stick to plain ASCII for quotation
-characters in messages to users: preferably 0x60 (`<samp><span
class="samp">`</span></samp>') for left
-quotes and 0x27 (`<samp><span class="samp">'</span></samp>') for right quotes.
It is ok, but not
+characters in messages to users: preferably 0x60 (‘<samp><span
class="samp">`</span></samp>’) for left
+quotes and 0x27 (‘<samp><span class="samp">'</span></samp>’) for
right quotes. It is ok, but not
required, to use locale-specific quotes in other locales.
<p>The <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnulib/";>Gnulib</a>
<code>quote</code> and
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@
character. See the Gnulib documentation for usage details.
<p>In any case, the documentation for your program should clearly specify
-how it does quoting, if different than the preferred method of `<samp><span
class="samp">`</span></samp>'
-and `<samp><span class="samp">'</span></samp>'. This is especially important
if the output of your
+how it does quoting, if different than the preferred method of
‘<samp><span class="samp">`</span></samp>’
+and ‘<samp><span class="samp">'</span></samp>’. This is
especially important if the output of your
program is ever likely to be parsed by another program.
<p>Quotation characters are a difficult area in the computing world at
this time: there are no true left or right quote characters in Latin1;
-the `<samp><span class="samp">`</span></samp>' character we use was
standardized there as a grave
+the ‘<samp><span class="samp">`</span></samp>’ character we use
was standardized there as a grave
accent. Moreover, Latin1 is still not universally usable.
<p>Unicode contains the unambiguous quote characters required, and its
Index: html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html,v
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diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Reading-Non_002dFree-Code.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Reading Non-Free Code - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
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<link rel="up" href="Legal-Issues.html#Legal-Issues" title="Legal Issues">
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title="Texinfo Homepage">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Reading-other-Manuals.html
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1.16
+++ html_node/Reading-other-Manuals.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Reading other Manuals - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
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Index: html_node/References.html
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--- html_node/References.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/References.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>References - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
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+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
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Index: html_node/Releases.html
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--- html_node/Releases.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Releases.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
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+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
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Index: html_node/Semantics.html
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--- html_node/Semantics.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Semantics.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
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+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
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<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
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title="Non-GNU Standards">
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Index: html_node/Simple-Changes.html
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--- html_node/Simple-Changes.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Simple-Changes.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
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Index: html_node/Source-Language.html
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--- html_node/Source-Language.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Source-Language.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
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Index: html_node/Standard-C.html
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RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Standard-C.html,v
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--- html_node/Standard-C.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Standard-C.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:22 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
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Index: html_node/Standard-Targets.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Standard-Targets.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
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diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Standard-Targets.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Standard-Targets.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Standard Targets - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
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+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
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<link rel="up" href="Makefile-Conventions.html#Makefile-Conventions"
title="Makefile Conventions">
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title="Directory Variables">
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title="Install Command Categories">
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+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -51,17 +51,17 @@
<p>All GNU programs should have the following targets in their Makefiles:
<dl>
-<dt>`<samp><span class="samp">all</span></samp>'<dd>Compile the entire
program. This should be the default target. This
+<dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">all</span></samp>’<dd>Compile the
entire program. This should be the default target. This
target need not rebuild any documentation files; Info files should
normally be included in the distribution, and DVI (and other
documentation format) files should be made only when explicitly asked
for.
- <p>By default, the Make rules should compile and link with `<samp><span
class="samp">-g</span></samp>', so
+ <p>By default, the Make rules should compile and link with
‘<samp><span class="samp">-g</span></samp>’, so
that executable programs have debugging symbols. Users who don't mind
being helpless can strip the executables later if they wish.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">install</span></samp>'<dd>Compile the
program and copy the executables, libraries, and so on to
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install</span></samp>’<dd>Compile the program and copy the
executables, libraries, and so on to
the file names where they should reside for actual use. If there is a
simple test to verify that a program is properly installed, this target
should run that test.
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
<p>If possible, write the <code>install</code> target rule so that it
does not
modify anything in the directory where the program was built, provided
-`<samp><span class="samp">make all</span></samp>' has just been done. This is
convenient for building the
+‘<samp><span class="samp">make all</span></samp>’ has just been
done. This is convenient for building the
program under one user name and installing it under another.
<p>The commands should create all the directories in which files are to be
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
One way to do this is by means of an <code>installdirs</code> target
as described below.
- <p>Use `<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>' before any command for
installing a man page, so that
+ <p>Use ‘<samp><span class="samp">-</span></samp>’ before any
command for installing a man page, so that
<code>make</code> will ignore any errors. This is in case there are systems
that don't have the Unix man page documentation system installed.
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@
Here is a sample rule to install an Info file:
<!-- This example has been carefully formatted for the Make manual. -->
-<!-- Please do not reformat it without talking to address@hidden -->
-<pre class="smallexample"> $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info: foo.info
+ <!-- Please do not reformat it without talking to address@hidden -->
+ <pre class="smallexample"> $(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info:
foo.info
$(POST_INSTALL)
# There may be a newer info file in . than in srcdir.
-if test -f foo.info; then d=.; \
@@ -110,12 +110,12 @@
install-info --dir-file=$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/dir \
$(DESTDIR)$(infodir)/foo.info; \
else true; fi
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>When writing the <code>install</code> target, you must classify all the
commands into three categories: normal ones, <dfn>pre-installation</dfn>
commands and <dfn>post-installation</dfn> commands. See <a
href="Install-Command-Categories.html#Install-Command-Categories">Install
Command Categories</a>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">install-html</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">install-dvi</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">install-pdf</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">install-ps</span></samp>'<dd>These targets install documentation
in formats other than Info;
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-html</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-dvi</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-pdf</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-ps</span></samp>’<dd>These targets install
documentation in formats other than Info;
they're intended to be called explicitly by the person installing the
package, if that format is desired. GNU prefers Info files, so these
must be installed by the <code>install</code> target.
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@
commands for the <var>format</var> target, for example, by making
<var>format</var> a dependency.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">uninstall</span></samp>'<dd>Delete all
the installed files—the copies that the `<samp><span
class="samp">install</span></samp>'
-and `<samp><span class="samp">install-*</span></samp>' targets create.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">uninstall</span></samp>’<dd>Delete all the installed
files—the copies that the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">install</span></samp>’
+and ‘<samp><span class="samp">install-*</span></samp>’ targets
create.
<p>This rule should not modify the directories where compilation is done,
only the directories where files are installed.
@@ -142,14 +142,14 @@
<p>The uninstallation commands are divided into three categories, just
like
the installation commands. See <a
href="Install-Command-Categories.html#Install-Command-Categories">Install
Command Categories</a>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">install-strip</span></samp>'<dd>Like
<code>install</code>, but strip the executable files while installing
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">install-strip</span></samp>’<dd>Like <code>install</code>,
but strip the executable files while installing
them. In simple cases, this target can use the <code>install</code> target in
a simple way:
<pre class="smallexample"> install-strip:
$(MAKE) INSTALL_PROGRAM='$(INSTALL_PROGRAM) -s' \
install
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>But if the package installs scripts as well as real executables, the
<code>install-strip</code> target can't just refer to the <code>install</code>
target; it has to strip the executables but not the scripts.
@@ -164,50 +164,50 @@
executable elsewhere in case there is a bug.
<!-- The gratuitous blank line here is to make the table look better -->
-<!-- in the printed Make manual. Please leave it in. -->
-<br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">clean</span></samp>'<dd>
+ <!-- in the printed Make manual. Please leave it in. -->
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">clean</span></samp>’<dd>
Delete all files in the current directory that are normally created by
building the program. Also delete files in other directories if they
are created by this makefile. However, don't delete the files that
record the configuration. Also preserve files that could be made by
building, but normally aren't because the distribution comes with
them. There is no need to delete parent directories that were created
-with `<samp><span class="samp">mkdir -p</span></samp>', since they could have
existed anyway.
+with ‘<samp><span class="samp">mkdir -p</span></samp>’, since they
could have existed anyway.
<p>Delete <samp><span class="file">.dvi</span></samp> files here if they
are not part of the distribution.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">distclean</span></samp>'<dd>Delete all
files in the current directory (or created by this
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">distclean</span></samp>’<dd>Delete all files in the current
directory (or created by this
makefile) that are created by configuring or building the program. If
you have unpacked the source and built the program without creating
-any other files, `<samp><span class="samp">make distclean</span></samp>'
should leave only the files
+any other files, ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
distclean</span></samp>’ should leave only the files
that were in the distribution. However, there is no need to delete
-parent directories that were created with `<samp><span class="samp">mkdir
-p</span></samp>', since they
+parent directories that were created with ‘<samp><span
class="samp">mkdir -p</span></samp>’, since they
could have existed anyway.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">mostlyclean</span></samp>'<dd>Like
`<samp><span class="samp">clean</span></samp>', but may refrain from deleting a
few files that people
-normally don't want to recompile. For example, the `<samp><span
class="samp">mostlyclean</span></samp>'
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">mostlyclean</span></samp>’<dd>Like ‘<samp><span
class="samp">clean</span></samp>’, but may refrain from deleting a few
files that people
+normally don't want to recompile. For example, the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">mostlyclean</span></samp>’
target for GCC does not delete <samp><span
class="file">libgcc.a</span></samp>, because recompiling it
is rarely necessary and takes a lot of time.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">maintainer-clean</span></samp>'<dd>Delete almost everything that
can be reconstructed with this Makefile.
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">maintainer-clean</span></samp>’<dd>Delete almost everything
that can be reconstructed with this Makefile.
This typically includes everything deleted by <code>distclean</code>, plus
more: C source files produced by Bison, tags tables, Info files, and
so on.
<p>The reason we say “almost everything” is that running the
command
-`<samp><span class="samp">make maintainer-clean</span></samp>' should not
delete <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp> even
+‘<samp><span class="samp">make maintainer-clean</span></samp>’
should not delete <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp> even
if <samp><span class="file">configure</span></samp> can be remade using a rule
in the Makefile. More
-generally, `<samp><span class="samp">make maintainer-clean</span></samp>'
should not delete anything
+generally, ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
maintainer-clean</span></samp>’ should not delete anything
that needs to exist in order to run <samp><span
class="file">configure</span></samp> and then begin to
build the program. Also, there is no need to delete parent
-directories that were created with `<samp><span class="samp">mkdir
-p</span></samp>', since they could
+directories that were created with ‘<samp><span class="samp">mkdir
-p</span></samp>’, since they could
have existed anyway. These are the only exceptions;
<code>maintainer-clean</code> should delete everything else that can be
rebuilt.
- <p>The `<samp><span class="samp">maintainer-clean</span></samp>' target
is intended to be used by a maintainer of
+ <p>The ‘<samp><span
class="samp">maintainer-clean</span></samp>’ target is intended to be
used by a maintainer of
the package, not by ordinary users. You may need special tools to
-reconstruct some of the files that `<samp><span class="samp">make
maintainer-clean</span></samp>' deletes.
+reconstruct some of the files that ‘<samp><span class="samp">make
maintainer-clean</span></samp>’ deletes.
Since these files are normally included in the distribution, we don't
take care to make them easy to reconstruct. If you find you need to
unpack the full distribution again, don't blame us.
@@ -217,18 +217,18 @@
<pre class="smallexample"> @echo 'This command is intended for
maintainers to use; it'
@echo 'deletes files that may need special tools to rebuild.'
- </pre>
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">TAGS</span></samp>'<dd>Update a tags
table for this program.
+</pre>
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">TAGS</span></samp>’<dd>Update a tags table for this program.
<!-- ADR: how? -->
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">info</span></samp>'<dd>Generate any
Info files needed. The best way to write the rules is as
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">info</span></samp>’<dd>Generate any Info files needed. The
best way to write the rules is as
follows:
<pre class="smallexample"> info: foo.info
foo.info: foo.texi chap1.texi chap2.texi
$(MAKEINFO) $(srcdir)/foo.texi
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">You must define the variable <code>MAKEINFO</code> in
the Makefile. It should
run the <code>makeinfo</code> program, which is part of the Texinfo
distribution.
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
users build the package, ordinarily Make will not update the Info files
because they will already be up to date.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">dvi</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">html</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">pdf</span></samp>'<dt>`<samp><span
class="samp">ps</span></samp>'<dd>Generate documentation files in the given
format. These targets
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dvi</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">html</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">pdf</span></samp>’<dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">ps</span></samp>’<dd>Generate documentation files in the
given format. These targets
should always exist, but any or all can be a no-op if the given output
format cannot be generated. These targets should not be dependencies
of the <code>all</code> target; the user must manually invoke them.
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
foo.dvi: foo.texi chap1.texi chap2.texi
$(TEXI2DVI) $(srcdir)/foo.texi
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">You must define the variable <code>TEXI2DVI</code> in
the Makefile. It should
run the program <code>texi2dvi</code>, which is part of the Texinfo
distribution.<a rel="footnote" href="#fn-1" name="fnd-1"><sup>1</sup></a>
Alternatively,
@@ -262,12 +262,12 @@
foo.html: foo.texi chap1.texi chap2.texi
$(TEXI2HTML) $(srcdir)/foo.texi
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">Again, you would define the variable
<code>TEXI2HTML</code> in the Makefile;
for example, it might run <code>makeinfo --no-split --html</code>
(<samp><span class="command">makeinfo</span></samp> is part of the Texinfo
distribution).
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">dist</span></samp>'<dd>Create a
distribution tar file for this program. The tar file should be
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">dist</span></samp>’<dd>Create a distribution tar file for
this program. The tar file should be
set up so that the file names in the tar file start with a subdirectory
name which is the name of the package it is a distribution for. This
name can include the version number.
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@
distribution.
See <a href="Releases.html#Releases">Making Releases</a>.
- <br><dt>`<samp><span class="samp">check</span></samp>'<dd>Perform
self-tests (if any). The user must build the program before
+ <br><dt>‘<samp><span
class="samp">check</span></samp>’<dd>Perform self-tests (if any). The
user must build the program before
running the tests, but need not install the program; you should write
the self-tests so that they work when the program is built but not
installed.
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
the program before running the tests. You should not assume that
<samp><span class="file">$(bindir)</span></samp> is in the search path.
- <br><dt><code>installdirs</code><dd>It's useful to add a target named
`<samp><span class="samp">installdirs</span></samp>' to create the
+ <br><dt><code>installdirs</code><dd>It's useful to add a target named
‘<samp><span class="samp">installdirs</span></samp>’ to create the
directories where files are installed, and their parent directories.
There is a script called <samp><span class="file">mkinstalldirs</span></samp>
which is convenient for
this; you can find it in the Texinfo package.
@@ -309,14 +309,14 @@
You can use a rule like this:
<!-- This has been carefully formatted to look decent in the Make manual.
-->
-<!-- Please be sure not to make it extend any further to the right.-roland -->
-<pre class="smallexample"> # Make sure all installation directories
(e.g. $(bindir))
+ <!-- Please be sure not to make it extend any further to the
right.-roland -->
+ <pre class="smallexample"> # Make sure all installation
directories (e.g. $(bindir))
# actually exist by making them if necessary.
installdirs: mkinstalldirs
$(srcdir)/mkinstalldirs $(bindir) $(datadir) \
$(libdir) $(infodir) \
$(mandir)
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p class="noindent">or, if you wish to support <samp><span
class="env">DESTDIR</span></samp>,
<pre class="smallexample"> # Make sure all installation
directories (e.g. $(bindir))
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@
$(DESTDIR)$(bindir) $(DESTDIR)$(datadir) \
$(DESTDIR)$(libdir) $(DESTDIR)$(infodir) \
$(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>This rule should not modify the directories where compilation is done.
It should do nothing but create installation directories.
</dl>
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@
<h4>Footnotes</h4><p class="footnote"><small>[<a name="fn-1"
href="#fnd-1">1</a>]</small> <code>texi2dvi</code> uses TeX to do the real work
of formatting. TeX is not distributed with Texinfo.</p>
- <p><hr></div>
+ <hr></div>
</body></html>
Index: html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Style-of-Change-Logs.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Style of Change Logs - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Change-Logs.html#Change-Logs" title="Change Logs">
<link rel="prev" href="Change-Log-Concepts.html#Change-Log-Concepts"
title="Change Log Concepts">
<link rel="next" href="Simple-Changes.html#Simple-Changes" title="Simple
Changes">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
they won't find it when they search.
<p>For example, some people are tempted to abbreviate groups of function
-names by writing `<samp><span class="samp">* register.el
({insert,jump-to}-register)</span></samp>';
+names by writing ‘<samp><span class="samp">* register.el
({insert,jump-to}-register)</span></samp>’;
this is not a good idea, since searching for <code>jump-to-register</code> or
<code>insert-register</code> would not find that entry.
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@
name and the asterisk when successive entries are in the same file.
<p>Break long lists of function names by closing continued lines with
-`<samp><span class="samp">)</span></samp>', rather than `<samp><span
class="samp">,</span></samp>', and opening the continuation with
-`<samp><span class="samp">(</span></samp>' as in this example:
+‘<samp><span class="samp">)</span></samp>’, rather than
‘<samp><span class="samp">,</span></samp>’, and opening the
continuation with
+‘<samp><span class="samp">(</span></samp>’ as in this example:
<pre class="example"> * keyboard.c (menu_bar_items, tool_bar_items)
(Fexecute_extended_command): Deal with `keymap' property.
Index: html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Syntactic-Conventions.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Syntactic Conventions - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="Comments.html#Comments" title="Comments">
<link rel="next" href="Names.html#Names" title="Names">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@
declare functions to return <code>int</code> rather than omitting the
<code>int</code>.
- <p><a name="index-compiler-warnings-69"></a><a
name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dWall_007d-compiler-option-70"></a>Some
programmers like to use the GCC `<samp><span class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>'
option, and change the
+ <p><a name="index-compiler-warnings-69"></a><a
name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dWall_007d-compiler-option-70"></a>Some
programmers like to use the GCC ‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>’ option, and change the
code whenever it issues a warning. If you want to do this, then do.
-Other programmers prefer not to use `<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>', because it gives
+Other programmers prefer not to use ‘<samp><span
class="samp">-Wall</span></samp>’, because it gives
warnings for valid and legitimate code which they do not want to change.
If you want to do this, then do. The compiler should be your servant,
not your master.
Index: html_node/System-Functions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/System-Functions.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/System-Functions.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/System-Functions.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>System Functions - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="CPU-Portability.html#CPU-Portability" title="CPU
Portability">
<link rel="next" href="Internationalization.html#Internationalization"
title="Internationalization">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
<pre class="example"> strcpy strncpy strcat strncat
strlen strcmp strncmp
strchr strrchr
- </pre>
+</pre>
<p>The copy and concatenate functions work fine without a declaration as
long as you don't use their values. Using their values without a
declaration fails on systems where the width of a pointer differs from
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@
char *strchr ();
char *strrchr ();
- </pre>
+</pre>
</ul>
<p>Here we assume that <code>HAVE_STRCHR</code> and
<code>HAVE_STRRCHR</code> are
Index: html_node/System-Portability.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/System-Portability.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/System-Portability.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/System-Portability.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>System Portability - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Writing-C.html#Writing-C" title="Writing C">
<link rel="prev" href="Names.html#Names" title="Names">
<link rel="next" href="CPU-Portability.html#CPU-Portability" title="CPU
Portability">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
You're free to praise Microsoft Windows on your own if you want, but
please don't do this in GNU packages. Instead of abbreviating
“Windows” to “un”, you can write it in full or
abbreviate it to
-“woe” or “w”. In GNU Emacs, for instance, we use
`<samp><span class="samp">w32</span></samp>' in
+“woe” or “w”. In GNU Emacs, for instance, we use
‘<samp><span class="samp">w32</span></samp>’ in
file names of Windows-specific files, but the macro for Windows
conditionals is called <code>WINDOWSNT</code>.
Index: html_node/Trademarks.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Trademarks.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Trademarks.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Trademarks.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Trademarks - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Legal-Issues.html#Legal-Issues" title="Legal Issues">
<link rel="prev" href="Contributions.html#Contributions" title="Contributions">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
not in GNU software. Usually we write the name “Windows” in full,
but when brevity is very important (as in file names and sometimes
symbol names), we abbreviate it to “w”. For instance, the files
and
-functions in Emacs that deal with Windows start with `<samp><span
class="samp">w32</span></samp>'.
+functions in Emacs that deal with Windows start with ‘<samp><span
class="samp">w32</span></samp>’.
</body></html>
Index: html_node/User-Interfaces.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/User-Interfaces.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/User-Interfaces.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/User-Interfaces.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>User Interfaces - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="prev" href="Errors.html#Errors" title="Errors">
<link rel="next" href="Graphical-Interfaces.html#Graphical-Interfaces"
title="Graphical Interfaces">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Using-Extensions.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Using-Extensions.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Using-Extensions.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Using-Extensions.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Using Extensions - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Design-Advice.html#Design-Advice" title="Design Advice">
<link rel="prev" href="Compatibility.html#Compatibility" title="Compatibility">
<link rel="next" href="Standard-C.html#Standard-C" title="Standard C">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000
1.16
+++ html_node/Utilities-in-Makefiles.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000
1.17
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
<title>Utilities in Makefiles - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="up" href="Makefile-Conventions.html#Makefile-Conventions"
title="Makefile Conventions">
<link rel="prev" href="Makefile-Basics.html#Makefile-Basics" title="Makefile
Basics">
<link rel="next" href="Command-Variables.html#Command-Variables"
title="Command Variables">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
<p>The compression program <code>gzip</code> can be used in the
<code>dist</code> rule.
<p>Stick to the generally supported options for these programs. For
-example, don't use `<samp><span class="samp">mkdir -p</span></samp>',
convenient as it may be, because
+example, don't use ‘<samp><span class="samp">mkdir
-p</span></samp>’, convenient as it may be, because
most systems don't support it.
<p>It is a good idea to avoid creating symbolic links in makefiles, since a
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
nothing bad happens if the system does not have the program in question.
Arrange to ignore an error from that command, and print a message before
the command to tell the user that failure of this command does not mean
-a problem. (The Autoconf `<samp><span
class="samp">AC_PROG_RANLIB</span></samp>' macro can help with
+a problem. (The Autoconf ‘<samp><span
class="samp">AC_PROG_RANLIB</span></samp>’ macro can help with
this.)
<p>If you use symbolic links, you should implement a fallback for systems
Index: html_node/Writing-C.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/Writing-C.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/Writing-C.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/Writing-C.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,13 +3,13 @@
<title>Writing C - GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top">
<link rel="prev" href="Program-Behavior.html#Program-Behavior" title="Program
Behavior">
<link rel="next" href="Documentation.html#Documentation" title="Documentation">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/index.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/prep/standards/html_node/index.html,v
retrieving revision 1.16
retrieving revision 1.17
diff -u -b -r1.16 -r1.17
--- html_node/index.html 22 Jan 2007 23:42:56 -0000 1.16
+++ html_node/index.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.17
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
<title>GNU Coding Standards</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
-<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
<link title="Top" rel="start" href="#Top">
<link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/"; rel="generator-home"
title="Texinfo Homepage">
<!--
-The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
@@ -35,7 +35,43 @@
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="settitle">GNU Coding Standards</h1>
-<div class="contents">
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>GNU Coding Standards</title>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html">
+<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
+<meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.8.90">
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+
+Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
+2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
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+ <div class="contents">
<h2>Table of Contents</h2>
<ul>
<li><a name="toc_Top" href="index.html#Top">Version</a>
@@ -63,6 +99,10 @@
<li><a href="User-Interfaces.html#User-Interfaces">4.5 Standards for
Interfaces Generally</a>
<li><a href="Graphical-Interfaces.html#Graphical-Interfaces">4.6 Standards for
Graphical Interfaces</a>
<li><a href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">4.7
Standards for Command Line Interfaces</a>
+<ul>
+<li><a href="_002d_002dversion.html#_002d_002dversion">4.7.1 <samp><span
class="option">--version</span></samp></a>
+<li><a href="_002d_002dhelp.html#_002d_002dhelp">4.7.2 <samp><span
class="option">--help</span></samp></a>
+</li></ul>
<li><a href="Option-Table.html#Option-Table">4.8 Table of Long Options</a>
<li><a href="Memory-Usage.html#Memory-Usage">4.9 Memory Usage</a>
<li><a href="File-Usage.html#File-Usage">4.10 File Usage</a>
@@ -141,7 +181,7 @@
<h2 class="unnumbered">Version</h2>
-<p>The GNU coding standards, last updated January 22, 2007.
+<p>The GNU coding standards, last updated June 26, 2007.
<p>Copyright © 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
Index: html_node/_002d_002dhelp.html
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@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>--help - GNU Coding Standards</title>
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+<meta name="description" content="GNU Coding Standards">
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+
+Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
+2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+with no Invariant Sections, with no
+Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts.
+A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
+Free Documentation License''.-->
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+<p>
+<a name="--help"></a>
+<a name="g_t_002d_002dhelp"></a>
+Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p"
href="_002d_002dversion.html#g_t_002d_002dversion">--version</a>,
+Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u"
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a>
+<hr>
+</div>
+
+<h4 class="subsection">4.7.2 <samp><span
class="option">--help</span></samp></h4>
+
+<p><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dhelp_007d-output-49"></a>
+The standard <code>--help</code> option should output brief documentation
+for how to invoke the program, on standard output, then exit
+successfully. Other options and arguments should be ignored once this
+is seen, and the program should not perform its normal function.
+
+ <p><a name="index-address-for-bug-reports-50"></a><a
name="index-bug-reports-51"></a>Near the end of the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">--help</span></samp>’ option's output there should be a line
+that says where to mail bug reports. It should have this format:
+
+<pre class="example"> Report bugs to <var>mailing-address</var>.
+</pre>
+ </body></html>
+
Index: html_node/_002d_002dversion.html
===================================================================
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+++ html_node/_002d_002dversion.html 26 Jun 2007 17:33:23 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<title>--version - GNU Coding Standards</title>
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title="Command-Line Interfaces">
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+
+Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
+2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software
+Foundation, Inc.
+
+Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
+under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
+or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
+with no Invariant Sections, with no
+Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover Texts.
+A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
+Free Documentation License''.-->
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+<a name="--version"></a>
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+Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n"
href="_002d_002dhelp.html#g_t_002d_002dhelp">--help</a>,
+Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u"
href="Command_002dLine-Interfaces.html#Command_002dLine-Interfaces">Command-Line
Interfaces</a>
+<hr>
+</div>
+
+<h4 class="subsection">4.7.1 <samp><span
class="option">--version</span></samp></h4>
+
+<p><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002dversion_007d-output-46"></a>
+The standard <code>--version</code> option should direct the program to
+print information about its name, version, origin and legal status,
+all on standard output, and then exit successfully. Other options and
+arguments should be ignored once this is seen, and the program should
+not perform its normal function.
+
+ <p><a name="index-canonical-name-of-a-program-47"></a><a
name="index-program_0027s-canonical-name-48"></a>The first line is meant to be
easy for a program to parse; the version
+number proper starts after the last space. In addition, it contains
+the canonical name for this program, in this format:
+
+<pre class="example"> GNU Emacs 19.30
+</pre>
+ <p class="noindent">The program's name should be a constant string;
<em>don't</em> compute it
+from <code>argv[0]</code>. The idea is to state the standard or canonical
+name for the program, not its file name. There are other ways to find
+out the precise file name where a command is found in <code>PATH</code>.
+
+ <p>If the program is a subsidiary part of a larger package, mention the
+package name in parentheses, like this:
+
+<pre class="example"> emacsserver (GNU Emacs) 19.30
+</pre>
+ <p class="noindent">If the package has a version number which is different
from this
+program's version number, you can mention the package version number
+just before the close-parenthesis.
+
+ <p>If you <em>need</em> to mention the version numbers of libraries which
+are distributed separately from the package which contains this program,
+you can do so by printing an additional line of version info for each
+library you want to mention. Use the same format for these lines as for
+the first line.
+
+ <p>Please do not mention all of the libraries that the program uses
“just
+for completeness”—that would produce a lot of unhelpful clutter.
+Please mention library version numbers only if you find in practice that
+they are very important to you in debugging.
+
+ <p>The following line, after the version number line or lines, should be a
+copyright notice. If more than one copyright notice is called for, put
+each on a separate line.
+
+ <p>Next should follow a line stating the license, preferably using one of
+abbrevations below, and a brief statement that the program is free
+software, and that users are free to copy and change it. Also mention
+that there is no warranty, to the extent permitted by law. See
+recommended wording below.
+
+ <p>It is ok to finish the output with a list of the major authors of the
+program, as a way of giving credit.
+
+ <p>Here's an example of output that follows these rules:
+
+<pre class="smallexample"> GNU hello 2.3
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
+ This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
+ There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
+</pre>
+ <p>You should adapt this to your program, of course, filling in the proper
+year, copyright holder, name of program, and the references to
+distribution terms, and changing the rest of the wording as necessary.
+
+ <p>This copyright notice only needs to mention the most recent year in
+which changes were made—there's no need to list the years for previous
+versions' changes. You don't have to mention the name of the program in
+these notices, if that is inconvenient, since it appeared in the first
+line. (The rules are different for copyright notices in source files;
+see <a href="../maintain/Copyright-Notices.html#Copyright-Notices">Copyright
Notices</a>.)
+
+ <p>Translations of the above lines must preserve the validity of the
+copyright notices (see <a
href="Internationalization.html#Internationalization">Internationalization</a>).
If the translation's
+character set supports it, the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">(C)</span></samp>’ should be replaced with the
+copyright symbol, as follows:
+
+ <p>©
+
+ <p>Write the word “Copyright” exactly like that, in English.
Do not
+translate it into another language. International treaties recognize
+the English word “Copyright”; translations into other languages do
not
+have legal significance.
+
+ <p>Finally, here is the table of our suggested license abbreviations.
+Any abbreviation can be followed by ‘<samp><span
class="samp">v</span><var>version</var><span
class="samp">[+]</span></samp>’, meaning
+that particular version, or later versions with the ‘<samp><span
class="samp">+</span></samp>’, as shown
+above.
+
+ <dl>
+<dt>GPL<dd>GNU General Public License, <a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html";>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>LGPL<dd>GNU Lesser General Public License, <a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html";>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>GPL+Guile<dd>GNU GPL with the exception for Guile.
+
+ <br><dt>GPL+Ada<dd>GNU GPL with the exception for Ada.
+
+ <br><dt>Apache<dd>The Apache Software Foundation license,
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses";>http://www.apache.org/licenses</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>Artistic<dd>The Artistic license used for Perl, <a
href="http://www.perlfoundation.org/legal";>http://www.perlfoundation.org/legal</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>Expat<dd>The Expat license, <a
href="http://www.jclark.com/xml/copying.txt";>http://www.jclark.com/xml/copying.txt</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>MPL<dd>The Mozilla Public License, <a
href="http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/";>http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>OBSD<dd>The original (4-clause) BSD license, incompatible with
the GNU GPL
+<a
href="http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#6";>http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#6</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>PHP<dd>The license used for PHP, <a
href="http://www.php.net/license/";>http://www.php.net/license/</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>public domain<dd>The non-license that is being in the public
domain,
+<a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#PublicDomain";>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#PublicDomain</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>Python<dd>The license for Python, <a
href="http://www.python.org/2.0.1/license.html";>http://www.python.org/2.0.1/license.html</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>RBSD<dd>The revised (3-clause) BSD, compatible with the GNU GPL,
+<a
href="http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#5";>http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#5</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>X11<dd>The simple non-copyleft license used for most versions of
the X Window
+system, <a
href="http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#3";>http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#3</a>.
+
+ <br><dt>Zlib<dd>The license for Zlib, <a
href="http://www.gzip.org/zlib/zlib_license.html";>http://www.gzip.org/zlib/zlib_license.html</a>.
+
+ </dl>
+
+ <p>More information about these licenses and many more are on the GNU
+licensing web pages,
+<a
href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html";>http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html</a>.
+
+ </body></html>
+
- www/prep/standards index.html standards.dvi.gz ...,
Karl Berry <=