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[PATCH v4 2/2] hw/cxl: Multi-Region CXL Type-3 Devices (Volatile and Per


From: Jonathan Cameron
Subject: [PATCH v4 2/2] hw/cxl: Multi-Region CXL Type-3 Devices (Volatile and Persistent)
Date: Mon, 27 Feb 2023 16:31:57 +0000

From: Gregory Price <gourry.memverge@gmail.com>

This commit enables each CXL Type-3 device to contain one volatile
memory region and one persistent region.

Two new properties have been added to cxl-type3 device initialization:
    [volatile-memdev] and [persistent-memdev]

The existing [memdev] property has been deprecated and will default the
memory region to a persistent memory region (although a user may assign
the region to a ram or file backed region). It cannot be used in
combination with the new [persistent-memdev] property.

Partitioning volatile memory from persistent memory is not yet supported.

Volatile memory is mapped at DPA(0x0), while Persistent memory is mapped
at DPA(vmem->size), per CXL Spec 8.2.9.8.2.0 - Get Partition Info.

Signed-off-by: Gregory Price <gregory.price@memverge.com>
Reviewed-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Reviewed-by: Fan Ni <fan.ni@samsung.com>
Tested-by: Fan Ni <fan.ni@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Cameron <Jonathan.Cameron@huawei.com>

---
v4:
- In the code that is being touched, add the missing little endian conversions.
  Note that only little endian architectures are supported so far, so there is
  no need to fix these urgently.  However, it seems sensible to clean up whilst
  we are here
- Add entry to docs/about/deprecated.rst (Philippe)
---
 docs/about/deprecated.rst      |   8 +
 docs/system/devices/cxl.rst    |  49 ++++--
 hw/cxl/cxl-mailbox-utils.c     |  32 ++--
 hw/mem/cxl_type3.c             | 294 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 include/hw/cxl/cxl_device.h    |  11 +-
 tests/qtest/bios-tables-test.c |   8 +-
 tests/qtest/cxl-test.c         |  76 +++++++--
 7 files changed, 364 insertions(+), 114 deletions(-)

diff --git a/docs/about/deprecated.rst b/docs/about/deprecated.rst
index 15084f7bea..366d479498 100644
--- a/docs/about/deprecated.rst
+++ b/docs/about/deprecated.rst
@@ -273,6 +273,14 @@ from Intel that was not properly allocated. Since version 
5.2, the controller
 has used a properly allocated identifier. Deprecate the ``use-intel-id``
 machine compatibility parameter.
 
+``-device cxl-type3,memdev=xxxx`` (since 8.0)
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+The ``cxl-type3`` device initially only used a single memory backend.  With
+the addition of volatile memory support, it is now necessary to distinguish
+between persistent and volatile memory backends.  As such, memdev is deprecated
+in favor of persistent-memdev.
+
 
 Block device options
 ''''''''''''''''''''
diff --git a/docs/system/devices/cxl.rst b/docs/system/devices/cxl.rst
index f25783a4ec..89a41cff73 100644
--- a/docs/system/devices/cxl.rst
+++ b/docs/system/devices/cxl.rst
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ Example topology involving a switch::
 
 Example command lines
 ---------------------
-A very simple setup with just one directly attached CXL Type 3 device::
+A very simple setup with just one directly attached CXL Type 3 Persistent 
Memory device::
 
   qemu-system-aarch64 -M virt,gic-version=3,cxl=on -m 4g,maxmem=8G,slots=8 
-cpu max \
   ...
@@ -308,7 +308,28 @@ A very simple setup with just one directly attached CXL 
Type 3 device::
   -object 
memory-backend-file,id=cxl-lsa1,share=on,mem-path=/tmp/lsa.raw,size=256M \
   -device pxb-cxl,bus_nr=12,bus=pcie.0,id=cxl.1 \
   -device cxl-rp,port=0,bus=cxl.1,id=root_port13,chassis=0,slot=2 \
-  -device cxl-type3,bus=root_port13,memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=cxl-lsa1,id=cxl-pmem0 \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=root_port13,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=cxl-lsa1,id=cxl-pmem0 \
+  -M cxl-fmw.0.targets.0=cxl.1,cxl-fmw.0.size=4G
+
+A very simple setup with just one directly attached CXL Type 3 Volatile Memory 
device::
+
+  qemu-system-aarch64 -M virt,gic-version=3,cxl=on -m 4g,maxmem=8G,slots=8 
-cpu max \
+  ...
+  -object memory-backend-ram,id=vmem0,share=on,size=256M \
+  -device pxb-cxl,bus_nr=12,bus=pcie.0,id=cxl.1 \
+  -device cxl-rp,port=0,bus=cxl.1,id=root_port13,chassis=0,slot=2 \
+  -device cxl-type3,bus=root_port13,volatile-memdev=vmem0,id=cxl-vmem0 \
+  -M cxl-fmw.0.targets.0=cxl.1,cxl-fmw.0.size=4G
+
+The same volatile setup may optionally include an LSA region::
+
+  qemu-system-aarch64 -M virt,gic-version=3,cxl=on -m 4g,maxmem=8G,slots=8 
-cpu max \
+  ...
+  -object memory-backend-ram,id=vmem0,share=on,size=256M \
+  -object 
memory-backend-file,id=cxl-lsa0,share=on,mem-path=/tmp/lsa.raw,size=256M \
+  -device pxb-cxl,bus_nr=12,bus=pcie.0,id=cxl.1 \
+  -device cxl-rp,port=0,bus=cxl.1,id=root_port13,chassis=0,slot=2 \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=root_port13,volatile-memdev=vmem0,lsa=cxl-lsa0,id=cxl-vmem0 \
   -M cxl-fmw.0.targets.0=cxl.1,cxl-fmw.0.size=4G
 
 A setup suitable for 4 way interleave. Only one fixed window provided, to 
enable 2 way
@@ -328,13 +349,13 @@ the CXL Type3 device directly attached (no switches).::
   -device pxb-cxl,bus_nr=12,bus=pcie.0,id=cxl.1 \
   -device pxb-cxl,bus_nr=222,bus=pcie.0,id=cxl.2 \
   -device cxl-rp,port=0,bus=cxl.1,id=root_port13,chassis=0,slot=2 \
-  -device cxl-type3,bus=root_port13,memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=cxl-lsa1,id=cxl-pmem0 \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=root_port13,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=cxl-lsa1,id=cxl-pmem0 \
   -device cxl-rp,port=1,bus=cxl.1,id=root_port14,chassis=0,slot=3 \
-  -device cxl-type3,bus=root_port14,memdev=cxl-mem2,lsa=cxl-lsa2,id=cxl-pmem1 \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=root_port14,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem2,lsa=cxl-lsa2,id=cxl-pmem1 \
   -device cxl-rp,port=0,bus=cxl.2,id=root_port15,chassis=0,slot=5 \
-  -device cxl-type3,bus=root_port15,memdev=cxl-mem3,lsa=cxl-lsa3,id=cxl-pmem2 \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=root_port15,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem3,lsa=cxl-lsa3,id=cxl-pmem2 \
   -device cxl-rp,port=1,bus=cxl.2,id=root_port16,chassis=0,slot=6 \
-  -device cxl-type3,bus=root_port16,memdev=cxl-mem4,lsa=cxl-lsa4,id=cxl-pmem3 \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=root_port16,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem4,lsa=cxl-lsa4,id=cxl-pmem3 \
   -M 
cxl-fmw.0.targets.0=cxl.1,cxl-fmw.0.targets.1=cxl.2,cxl-fmw.0.size=4G,cxl-fmw.0.interleave-granularity=8k
 
 An example of 4 devices below a switch suitable for 1, 2 or 4 way interleave::
@@ -354,15 +375,23 @@ An example of 4 devices below a switch suitable for 1, 2 
or 4 way interleave::
   -device cxl-rp,port=1,bus=cxl.1,id=root_port1,chassis=0,slot=1 \
   -device cxl-upstream,bus=root_port0,id=us0 \
   -device cxl-downstream,port=0,bus=us0,id=swport0,chassis=0,slot=4 \
-  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=swport0,memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=cxl-lsa0,id=cxl-pmem0,size=256M \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=swport0,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=cxl-lsa0,id=cxl-pmem0,size=256M
 \
   -device cxl-downstream,port=1,bus=us0,id=swport1,chassis=0,slot=5 \
-  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=swport1,memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=cxl-lsa1,id=cxl-pmem1,size=256M \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=swport1,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=cxl-lsa1,id=cxl-pmem1,size=256M
 \
   -device cxl-downstream,port=2,bus=us0,id=swport2,chassis=0,slot=6 \
-  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=swport2,memdev=cxl-mem2,lsa=cxl-lsa2,id=cxl-pmem2,size=256M \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=swport2,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem2,lsa=cxl-lsa2,id=cxl-pmem2,size=256M
 \
   -device cxl-downstream,port=3,bus=us0,id=swport3,chassis=0,slot=7 \
-  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=swport3,memdev=cxl-mem3,lsa=cxl-lsa3,id=cxl-pmem3,size=256M \
+  -device 
cxl-type3,bus=swport3,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem3,lsa=cxl-lsa3,id=cxl-pmem3,size=256M
 \
   -M 
cxl-fmw.0.targets.0=cxl.1,cxl-fmw.0.size=4G,cxl-fmw.0.interleave-granularity=4k
 
+Deprecations
+------------
+
+The Type 3 device [memdev] attribute has been deprecated in favor of the
+[persistent-memdev] attributes. [memdev] will default to a persistent memory
+device for backward compatibility and is incapable of being used in combination
+with [persistent-memdev].
+
 Kernel Configuration Options
 ----------------------------
 
diff --git a/hw/cxl/cxl-mailbox-utils.c b/hw/cxl/cxl-mailbox-utils.c
index 206e04a4b8..ed663cc04a 100644
--- a/hw/cxl/cxl-mailbox-utils.c
+++ b/hw/cxl/cxl-mailbox-utils.c
@@ -141,7 +141,8 @@ static ret_code cmd_firmware_update_get_info(struct cxl_cmd 
*cmd,
     } QEMU_PACKED *fw_info;
     QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(*fw_info) != 0x50);
 
-    if (cxl_dstate->pmem_size < CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER) {
+    if ((cxl_dstate->vmem_size < CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER) ||
+        (cxl_dstate->pmem_size < CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER)) {
         return CXL_MBOX_INTERNAL_ERROR;
     }
 
@@ -288,21 +289,21 @@ static ret_code cmd_identify_memory_device(struct cxl_cmd 
*cmd,
 
     CXLType3Dev *ct3d = container_of(cxl_dstate, CXLType3Dev, cxl_dstate);
     CXLType3Class *cvc = CXL_TYPE3_GET_CLASS(ct3d);
-    uint64_t size = cxl_dstate->pmem_size;
 
-    if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(size, CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER)) {
+    if ((!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(cxl_dstate->vmem_size, CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER)) ||
+        (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(cxl_dstate->pmem_size, CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER))) {
         return CXL_MBOX_INTERNAL_ERROR;
     }
 
     id = (void *)cmd->payload;
     memset(id, 0, sizeof(*id));
 
-    /* PMEM only */
     snprintf(id->fw_revision, 0x10, "BWFW VERSION %02d", 0);
 
-    id->total_capacity = size / CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER;
-    id->persistent_capacity = size / CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER;
-    id->lsa_size = cvc->get_lsa_size(ct3d);
+    stq_le_p(&id->total_capacity, cxl_dstate->mem_size / 
CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER);
+    stq_le_p(&id->persistent_capacity, cxl_dstate->pmem_size / 
CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER);
+    stq_le_p(&id->volatile_capacity, cxl_dstate->vmem_size / 
CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER);
+    stl_le_p(&id->lsa_size, cvc->get_lsa_size(ct3d));
 
     *len = sizeof(*id);
     return CXL_MBOX_SUCCESS;
@@ -319,17 +320,20 @@ static ret_code cmd_ccls_get_partition_info(struct 
cxl_cmd *cmd,
         uint64_t next_pmem;
     } QEMU_PACKED *part_info = (void *)cmd->payload;
     QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(*part_info) != 0x20);
-    uint64_t size = cxl_dstate->pmem_size;
 
-    if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(size, CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER)) {
+    if ((!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(cxl_dstate->vmem_size, CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER)) ||
+        (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(cxl_dstate->pmem_size, CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER))) {
         return CXL_MBOX_INTERNAL_ERROR;
     }
 
-    /* PMEM only */
-    part_info->active_vmem = 0;
-    part_info->next_vmem = 0;
-    part_info->active_pmem = size / CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER;
-    part_info->next_pmem = 0;
+    stq_le_p(&part_info->active_vmem, cxl_dstate->vmem_size / 
CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER);
+    /*
+     * When both next_vmem and next_pmem are 0, there is no pending change to
+     * partitioning.
+     */
+    stq_le_p(&part_info->next_vmem, 0);
+    stq_le_p(&part_info->active_pmem, cxl_dstate->pmem_size / 
CXL_CAPACITY_MULTIPLIER);
+    stq_le_p(&part_info->next_pmem, 0);
 
     *len = sizeof(*part_info);
     return CXL_MBOX_SUCCESS;
diff --git a/hw/mem/cxl_type3.c b/hw/mem/cxl_type3.c
index abe60b362c..572ad47fa2 100644
--- a/hw/mem/cxl_type3.c
+++ b/hw/mem/cxl_type3.c
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ enum {
 };
 
 static int ct3_build_cdat_entries_for_mr(CDATSubHeader **cdat_table,
-                                         int dsmad_handle, MemoryRegion *mr)
+                                         int dsmad_handle, MemoryRegion *mr,
+                                         bool is_pmem, uint64_t dpa_base)
 {
     g_autofree CDATDsmas *dsmas = NULL;
     g_autofree CDATDslbis *dslbis0 = NULL;
@@ -50,8 +51,8 @@ static int ct3_build_cdat_entries_for_mr(CDATSubHeader 
**cdat_table,
             .length = sizeof(*dsmas),
         },
         .DSMADhandle = dsmad_handle,
-        .flags = CDAT_DSMAS_FLAG_NV,
-        .DPA_base = 0,
+        .flags = is_pmem ? CDAT_DSMAS_FLAG_NV : 0,
+        .DPA_base = dpa_base,
         .DPA_length = int128_get64(mr->size),
     };
 
@@ -130,8 +131,11 @@ static int ct3_build_cdat_entries_for_mr(CDATSubHeader 
**cdat_table,
             .length = sizeof(*dsemts),
         },
         .DSMAS_handle = dsmad_handle,
-        /* Reserved - the non volatile from DSMAS matters */
-        .EFI_memory_type_attr = 2,
+        /*
+         * NV: Reserved - the non volatile from DSMAS matters
+         * V: EFI_MEMORY_SP
+         */
+        .EFI_memory_type_attr = is_pmem ? 2 : 1,
         .DPA_offset = 0,
         .DPA_length = int128_get64(mr->size),
     };
@@ -150,33 +154,66 @@ static int ct3_build_cdat_entries_for_mr(CDATSubHeader 
**cdat_table,
 static int ct3_build_cdat_table(CDATSubHeader ***cdat_table, void *priv)
 {
     g_autofree CDATSubHeader **table = NULL;
-    MemoryRegion *nonvolatile_mr;
     CXLType3Dev *ct3d = priv;
+    MemoryRegion *volatile_mr = NULL, *nonvolatile_mr = NULL;
     int dsmad_handle = 0;
-    int rc;
+    int cur_ent = 0;
+    int len = 0;
+    int rc, i;
 
-    if (!ct3d->hostmem) {
+    if (!ct3d->hostpmem && !ct3d->hostvmem) {
         return 0;
     }
 
-    nonvolatile_mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostmem);
-    if (!nonvolatile_mr) {
-        return -EINVAL;
+    if (ct3d->hostvmem) {
+        volatile_mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostvmem);
+        if (!volatile_mr) {
+            return -EINVAL;
+        }
+        len += CT3_CDAT_NUM_ENTRIES;
+    }
+
+    if (ct3d->hostpmem) {
+        nonvolatile_mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostpmem);
+        if (!nonvolatile_mr) {
+            return -EINVAL;
+        }
+        len += CT3_CDAT_NUM_ENTRIES;
     }
 
-    table = g_malloc0(CT3_CDAT_NUM_ENTRIES * sizeof(*table));
+    table = g_malloc0(len * sizeof(*table));
     if (!table) {
         return -ENOMEM;
     }
 
-    rc = ct3_build_cdat_entries_for_mr(table, dsmad_handle++, nonvolatile_mr);
-    if (rc < 0) {
-        return rc;
+    /* Now fill them in */
+    if (volatile_mr) {
+        rc = ct3_build_cdat_entries_for_mr(table, dsmad_handle++, volatile_mr,
+                                           false, 0);
+        if (rc < 0) {
+            return rc;
+        }
+        cur_ent = CT3_CDAT_NUM_ENTRIES;
     }
 
+    if (nonvolatile_mr) {
+        rc = ct3_build_cdat_entries_for_mr(&(table[cur_ent]), dsmad_handle++,
+                nonvolatile_mr, true, (volatile_mr ? volatile_mr->size : 0));
+        if (rc < 0) {
+            goto error_cleanup;
+        }
+        cur_ent += CT3_CDAT_NUM_ENTRIES;
+    }
+    assert(len == cur_ent);
+
     *cdat_table = g_steal_pointer(&table);
 
-    return CT3_CDAT_NUM_ENTRIES;
+    return len;
+error_cleanup:
+    for (i = 0; i < cur_ent; i++) {
+        g_free(table[i]);
+    }
+    return rc;
 }
 
 static void ct3_free_cdat_table(CDATSubHeader **cdat_table, int num, void 
*priv)
@@ -264,16 +301,42 @@ static void build_dvsecs(CXLType3Dev *ct3d)
 {
     CXLComponentState *cxl_cstate = &ct3d->cxl_cstate;
     uint8_t *dvsec;
+    uint32_t range1_size_hi, range1_size_lo,
+             range1_base_hi = 0, range1_base_lo = 0,
+             range2_size_hi = 0, range2_size_lo = 0,
+             range2_base_hi = 0, range2_base_lo = 0;
+
+    /*
+     * Volatile memory is mapped as (0x0)
+     * Persistent memory is mapped at (volatile->size)
+     */
+    if (ct3d->hostvmem) {
+        range1_size_hi = ct3d->hostvmem->size >> 32;
+        range1_size_lo = (2 << 5) | (2 << 2) | 0x3 |
+                         (ct3d->hostvmem->size & 0xF0000000);
+        if (ct3d->hostpmem) {
+            range2_size_hi = ct3d->hostpmem->size >> 32;
+            range2_size_lo = (2 << 5) | (2 << 2) | 0x3 |
+                             (ct3d->hostpmem->size & 0xF0000000);
+        }
+    } else {
+        range1_size_hi = ct3d->hostpmem->size >> 32;
+        range1_size_lo = (2 << 5) | (2 << 2) | 0x3 |
+                         (ct3d->hostpmem->size & 0xF0000000);
+    }
 
     dvsec = (uint8_t *)&(CXLDVSECDevice){
         .cap = 0x1e,
         .ctrl = 0x2,
         .status2 = 0x2,
-        .range1_size_hi = ct3d->hostmem->size >> 32,
-        .range1_size_lo = (2 << 5) | (2 << 2) | 0x3 |
-        (ct3d->hostmem->size & 0xF0000000),
-        .range1_base_hi = 0,
-        .range1_base_lo = 0,
+        .range1_size_hi = range1_size_hi,
+        .range1_size_lo = range1_size_lo,
+        .range1_base_hi = range1_base_hi,
+        .range1_base_lo = range1_base_lo,
+        .range2_size_hi = range2_size_hi,
+        .range2_size_lo = range2_size_lo,
+        .range2_base_hi = range2_base_hi,
+        .range2_base_lo = range2_base_lo,
     };
     cxl_component_create_dvsec(cxl_cstate, CXL2_TYPE3_DEVICE,
                                PCIE_CXL_DEVICE_DVSEC_LENGTH,
@@ -492,36 +555,69 @@ static void ct3d_reg_write(void *opaque, hwaddr offset, 
uint64_t value,
 static bool cxl_setup_memory(CXLType3Dev *ct3d, Error **errp)
 {
     DeviceState *ds = DEVICE(ct3d);
-    MemoryRegion *mr;
-    char *name;
 
-    if (!ct3d->hostmem) {
-        error_setg(errp, "memdev property must be set");
+    if (!ct3d->hostmem && !ct3d->hostvmem && !ct3d->hostpmem) {
+        error_setg(errp, "at least one memdev property must be set");
         return false;
+    } else if (ct3d->hostmem && ct3d->hostpmem) {
+        error_setg(errp, "[memdev] cannot be used with new "
+                         "[persistent-memdev] property");
+        return false;
+    } else if (ct3d->hostmem) {
+        /* Use of hostmem property implies pmem */
+        ct3d->hostpmem = ct3d->hostmem;
+        ct3d->hostmem = NULL;
     }
 
-    mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostmem);
-    if (!mr) {
-        error_setg(errp, "memdev property must be set");
+    if (ct3d->hostpmem && !ct3d->lsa) {
+        error_setg(errp, "lsa property must be set for persistent devices");
         return false;
     }
-    memory_region_set_nonvolatile(mr, true);
-    memory_region_set_enabled(mr, true);
-    host_memory_backend_set_mapped(ct3d->hostmem, true);
 
-    if (ds->id) {
-        name = g_strdup_printf("cxl-type3-dpa-space:%s", ds->id);
-    } else {
-        name = g_strdup("cxl-type3-dpa-space");
+    if (ct3d->hostvmem) {
+        MemoryRegion *vmr;
+        char *v_name;
+
+        vmr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostvmem);
+        if (!vmr) {
+            error_setg(errp, "volatile memdev must have backing device");
+            return false;
+        }
+        memory_region_set_nonvolatile(vmr, false);
+        memory_region_set_enabled(vmr, true);
+        host_memory_backend_set_mapped(ct3d->hostvmem, true);
+        if (ds->id) {
+            v_name = g_strdup_printf("cxl-type3-dpa-vmem-space:%s", ds->id);
+        } else {
+            v_name = g_strdup("cxl-type3-dpa-vmem-space");
+        }
+        address_space_init(&ct3d->hostvmem_as, vmr, v_name);
+        ct3d->cxl_dstate.vmem_size = vmr->size;
+        ct3d->cxl_dstate.mem_size += vmr->size;
+        g_free(v_name);
     }
-    address_space_init(&ct3d->hostmem_as, mr, name);
-    g_free(name);
 
-    ct3d->cxl_dstate.pmem_size = ct3d->hostmem->size;
+    if (ct3d->hostpmem) {
+        MemoryRegion *pmr;
+        char *p_name;
 
-    if (!ct3d->lsa) {
-        error_setg(errp, "lsa property must be set");
-        return false;
+        pmr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostpmem);
+        if (!pmr) {
+            error_setg(errp, "persistent memdev must have backing device");
+            return false;
+        }
+        memory_region_set_nonvolatile(pmr, true);
+        memory_region_set_enabled(pmr, true);
+        host_memory_backend_set_mapped(ct3d->hostpmem, true);
+        if (ds->id) {
+            p_name = g_strdup_printf("cxl-type3-dpa-pmem-space:%s", ds->id);
+        } else {
+            p_name = g_strdup("cxl-type3-dpa-pmem-space");
+        }
+        address_space_init(&ct3d->hostpmem_as, pmr, p_name);
+        ct3d->cxl_dstate.pmem_size = pmr->size;
+        ct3d->cxl_dstate.mem_size += pmr->size;
+        g_free(p_name);
     }
 
     return true;
@@ -607,7 +703,12 @@ err_release_cdat:
     cxl_doe_cdat_release(cxl_cstate);
     g_free(regs->special_ops);
 err_address_space_free:
-    address_space_destroy(&ct3d->hostmem_as);
+    if (ct3d->hostpmem) {
+        address_space_destroy(&ct3d->hostpmem_as);
+    }
+    if (ct3d->hostvmem) {
+        address_space_destroy(&ct3d->hostvmem_as);
+    }
     return;
 }
 
@@ -620,7 +721,12 @@ static void ct3_exit(PCIDevice *pci_dev)
     pcie_aer_exit(pci_dev);
     cxl_doe_cdat_release(cxl_cstate);
     g_free(regs->special_ops);
-    address_space_destroy(&ct3d->hostmem_as);
+    if (ct3d->hostpmem) {
+        address_space_destroy(&ct3d->hostpmem_as);
+    }
+    if (ct3d->hostvmem) {
+        address_space_destroy(&ct3d->hostvmem_as);
+    }
 }
 
 /* TODO: Support multiple HDM decoders and DPA skip */
@@ -655,51 +761,77 @@ static bool cxl_type3_dpa(CXLType3Dev *ct3d, hwaddr 
host_addr, uint64_t *dpa)
     return true;
 }
 
-MemTxResult cxl_type3_read(PCIDevice *d, hwaddr host_addr, uint64_t *data,
-                           unsigned size, MemTxAttrs attrs)
+static int cxl_type3_hpa_to_as_and_dpa(CXLType3Dev *ct3d,
+                                       hwaddr host_addr,
+                                       unsigned int size,
+                                       AddressSpace **as,
+                                       uint64_t *dpa_offset)
 {
-    CXLType3Dev *ct3d = CXL_TYPE3(d);
-    uint64_t dpa_offset;
-    MemoryRegion *mr;
+    MemoryRegion *vmr = NULL, *pmr = NULL;
 
-    /* TODO support volatile region */
-    mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostmem);
-    if (!mr) {
-        return MEMTX_ERROR;
+    if (ct3d->hostvmem) {
+        vmr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostvmem);
+    }
+    if (ct3d->hostpmem) {
+        pmr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostpmem);
     }
 
-    if (!cxl_type3_dpa(ct3d, host_addr, &dpa_offset)) {
-        return MEMTX_ERROR;
+    if (!vmr && !pmr) {
+        return -ENODEV;
+    }
+
+    if (!cxl_type3_dpa(ct3d, host_addr, dpa_offset)) {
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+
+    if (*dpa_offset > int128_get64(ct3d->cxl_dstate.mem_size)) {
+        return -EINVAL;
+    }
+
+    if (vmr) {
+        if (*dpa_offset < int128_get64(vmr->size)) {
+            *as = &ct3d->hostvmem_as;
+        } else {
+            *as = &ct3d->hostpmem_as;
+            *dpa_offset -= vmr->size;
+        }
+    } else {
+        *as = &ct3d->hostpmem_as;
     }
 
-    if (dpa_offset > int128_get64(mr->size)) {
+    return 0;
+}
+
+MemTxResult cxl_type3_read(PCIDevice *d, hwaddr host_addr, uint64_t *data,
+                           unsigned size, MemTxAttrs attrs)
+{
+    uint64_t dpa_offset = 0;
+    AddressSpace *as = NULL;
+    int res;
+
+    res = cxl_type3_hpa_to_as_and_dpa(CXL_TYPE3(d), host_addr, size,
+                                      &as, &dpa_offset);
+    if (res) {
         return MEMTX_ERROR;
     }
 
-    return address_space_read(&ct3d->hostmem_as, dpa_offset, attrs, data, 
size);
+    return address_space_read(as, dpa_offset, attrs, data, size);
 }
 
 MemTxResult cxl_type3_write(PCIDevice *d, hwaddr host_addr, uint64_t data,
                             unsigned size, MemTxAttrs attrs)
 {
-    CXLType3Dev *ct3d = CXL_TYPE3(d);
-    uint64_t dpa_offset;
-    MemoryRegion *mr;
-
-    mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->hostmem);
-    if (!mr) {
-        return MEMTX_OK;
-    }
+    uint64_t dpa_offset = 0;
+    AddressSpace *as = NULL;
+    int res;
 
-    if (!cxl_type3_dpa(ct3d, host_addr, &dpa_offset)) {
-        return MEMTX_OK;
+    res = cxl_type3_hpa_to_as_and_dpa(CXL_TYPE3(d), host_addr, size,
+                                      &as, &dpa_offset);
+    if (res) {
+        return MEMTX_ERROR;
     }
 
-    if (dpa_offset > int128_get64(mr->size)) {
-        return MEMTX_OK;
-    }
-    return address_space_write(&ct3d->hostmem_as, dpa_offset, attrs,
-                               &data, size);
+    return address_space_write(as, dpa_offset, attrs, &data, size);
 }
 
 static void ct3d_reset(DeviceState *dev)
@@ -714,7 +846,11 @@ static void ct3d_reset(DeviceState *dev)
 
 static Property ct3_props[] = {
     DEFINE_PROP_LINK("memdev", CXLType3Dev, hostmem, TYPE_MEMORY_BACKEND,
-                     HostMemoryBackend *),
+                     HostMemoryBackend *), /* for backward compatibility */
+    DEFINE_PROP_LINK("persistent-memdev", CXLType3Dev, hostpmem,
+                     TYPE_MEMORY_BACKEND, HostMemoryBackend *),
+    DEFINE_PROP_LINK("volatile-memdev", CXLType3Dev, hostvmem,
+                     TYPE_MEMORY_BACKEND, HostMemoryBackend *),
     DEFINE_PROP_LINK("lsa", CXLType3Dev, lsa, TYPE_MEMORY_BACKEND,
                      HostMemoryBackend *),
     DEFINE_PROP_UINT64("sn", CXLType3Dev, sn, UI64_NULL),
@@ -726,6 +862,10 @@ static uint64_t get_lsa_size(CXLType3Dev *ct3d)
 {
     MemoryRegion *mr;
 
+    if (!ct3d->lsa) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
     mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->lsa);
     return memory_region_size(mr);
 }
@@ -743,6 +883,10 @@ static uint64_t get_lsa(CXLType3Dev *ct3d, void *buf, 
uint64_t size,
     MemoryRegion *mr;
     void *lsa;
 
+    if (!ct3d->lsa) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
     mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->lsa);
     validate_lsa_access(mr, size, offset);
 
@@ -758,6 +902,10 @@ static void set_lsa(CXLType3Dev *ct3d, const void *buf, 
uint64_t size,
     MemoryRegion *mr;
     void *lsa;
 
+    if (!ct3d->lsa) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     mr = host_memory_backend_get_memory(ct3d->lsa);
     validate_lsa_access(mr, size, offset);
 
@@ -929,7 +1077,7 @@ static void ct3_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
     pc->config_read = ct3d_config_read;
 
     set_bit(DEVICE_CATEGORY_STORAGE, dc->categories);
-    dc->desc = "CXL PMEM Device (Type 3)";
+    dc->desc = "CXL Memory Device (Type 3)";
     dc->reset = ct3d_reset;
     device_class_set_props(dc, ct3_props);
 
diff --git a/include/hw/cxl/cxl_device.h b/include/hw/cxl/cxl_device.h
index d589f78202..edb9791bab 100644
--- a/include/hw/cxl/cxl_device.h
+++ b/include/hw/cxl/cxl_device.h
@@ -119,8 +119,10 @@ typedef struct cxl_device_state {
         uint64_t host_set;
     } timestamp;
 
-    /* memory region for persistent memory, HDM */
+    /* memory region size, HDM */
+    uint64_t mem_size;
     uint64_t pmem_size;
+    uint64_t vmem_size;
 } CXLDeviceState;
 
 /* Initialize the register block for a device */
@@ -245,12 +247,15 @@ struct CXLType3Dev {
     PCIDevice parent_obj;
 
     /* Properties */
-    HostMemoryBackend *hostmem;
+    HostMemoryBackend *hostmem; /* deprecated */
+    HostMemoryBackend *hostvmem;
+    HostMemoryBackend *hostpmem;
     HostMemoryBackend *lsa;
     uint64_t sn;
 
     /* State */
-    AddressSpace hostmem_as;
+    AddressSpace hostvmem_as;
+    AddressSpace hostpmem_as;
     CXLComponentState cxl_cstate;
     CXLDeviceState cxl_dstate;
 
diff --git a/tests/qtest/bios-tables-test.c b/tests/qtest/bios-tables-test.c
index d29a4e47af..3fe418af63 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/bios-tables-test.c
+++ b/tests/qtest/bios-tables-test.c
@@ -1922,13 +1922,13 @@ static void test_acpi_q35_cxl(void)
                              " -device pxb-cxl,bus_nr=12,bus=pcie.0,id=cxl.1"
                              " -device pxb-cxl,bus_nr=222,bus=pcie.0,id=cxl.2"
                              " -device 
cxl-rp,port=0,bus=cxl.1,id=rp1,chassis=0,slot=2"
-                             " -device 
cxl-type3,bus=rp1,memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=lsa1"
+                             " -device 
cxl-type3,bus=rp1,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=lsa1"
                              " -device 
cxl-rp,port=1,bus=cxl.1,id=rp2,chassis=0,slot=3"
-                             " -device 
cxl-type3,bus=rp2,memdev=cxl-mem2,lsa=lsa2"
+                             " -device 
cxl-type3,bus=rp2,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem2,lsa=lsa2"
                              " -device 
cxl-rp,port=0,bus=cxl.2,id=rp3,chassis=0,slot=5"
-                             " -device 
cxl-type3,bus=rp3,memdev=cxl-mem3,lsa=lsa3"
+                             " -device 
cxl-type3,bus=rp3,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem3,lsa=lsa3"
                              " -device 
cxl-rp,port=1,bus=cxl.2,id=rp4,chassis=0,slot=6"
-                             " -device 
cxl-type3,bus=rp4,memdev=cxl-mem4,lsa=lsa4"
+                             " -device 
cxl-type3,bus=rp4,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem4,lsa=lsa4"
                              " -M 
cxl-fmw.0.targets.0=cxl.1,cxl-fmw.0.size=4G,cxl-fmw.0.interleave-granularity=8k,"
                              
"cxl-fmw.1.targets.0=cxl.1,cxl-fmw.1.targets.1=cxl.2,cxl-fmw.1.size=4G,cxl-fmw.1.interleave-granularity=8k",
                              tmp_path, tmp_path, tmp_path, tmp_path,
diff --git a/tests/qtest/cxl-test.c b/tests/qtest/cxl-test.c
index eda2bbbbe6..edcad4a0ce 100644
--- a/tests/qtest/cxl-test.c
+++ b/tests/qtest/cxl-test.c
@@ -34,32 +34,46 @@
     "-device cxl-rp,id=rp2,bus=cxl.1,chassis=0,slot=2 " \
     "-device cxl-rp,id=rp3,bus=cxl.1,chassis=0,slot=3 "
 
-#define QEMU_T3D \
+#define QEMU_T3D_DEPRECATED \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=cxl-mem0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
     "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp0,memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=lsa0,id=cxl-pmem0 "
 
+#define QEMU_T3D_PMEM \
+    "-object memory-backend-file,id=cxl-mem0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
+    "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp0,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=lsa0,id=pmem0 "
+
+#define QEMU_T3D_VMEM \
+    "-object memory-backend-ram,id=cxl-mem0,size=256M " \
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp0,volatile-memdev=cxl-mem0,id=mem0 "
+
+#define QEMU_T3D_VMEM_LSA \
+    "-object memory-backend-ram,id=cxl-mem0,size=256M " \
+    "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp0,volatile-memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=lsa0,id=mem0 "
+
 #define QEMU_2T3D \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=cxl-mem0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
-    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp0,memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=lsa0,id=cxl-pmem0 " \
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp0,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=lsa0,id=pmem0 " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=cxl-mem1,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa1,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
-    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp1,memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=lsa1,id=cxl-pmem1 "
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp1,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=lsa1,id=pmem1 "
 
 #define QEMU_4T3D \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=cxl-mem0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa0,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
-    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp0,memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=lsa0,id=cxl-pmem0 " \
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp0,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem0,lsa=lsa0,id=pmem0 " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=cxl-mem1,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa1,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
-    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp1,memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=lsa1,id=cxl-pmem1 " \
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp1,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem1,lsa=lsa1,id=pmem1 " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=cxl-mem2,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa2,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
-    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp2,memdev=cxl-mem2,lsa=lsa2,id=cxl-pmem2 " \
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp2,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem2,lsa=lsa2,id=pmem2 " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=cxl-mem3,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
     "-object memory-backend-file,id=lsa3,mem-path=%s,size=256M " \
-    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp3,memdev=cxl-mem3,lsa=lsa3,id=cxl-pmem3 "
+    "-device cxl-type3,bus=rp3,persistent-memdev=cxl-mem3,lsa=lsa3,id=pmem3 "
 
 static void cxl_basic_hb(void)
 {
@@ -98,14 +112,53 @@ static void cxl_2root_port(void)
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
-static void cxl_t3d(void)
+static void cxl_t3d_deprecated(void)
+{
+    g_autoptr(GString) cmdline = g_string_new(NULL);
+    g_autofree const char *tmpfs = NULL;
+
+    tmpfs = g_dir_make_tmp("cxl-test-XXXXXX", NULL);
+
+    g_string_printf(cmdline, QEMU_PXB_CMD QEMU_RP QEMU_T3D_DEPRECATED,
+                    tmpfs, tmpfs);
+
+    qtest_start(cmdline->str);
+    qtest_end();
+}
+
+static void cxl_t3d_persistent(void)
+{
+    g_autoptr(GString) cmdline = g_string_new(NULL);
+    g_autofree const char *tmpfs = NULL;
+
+    tmpfs = g_dir_make_tmp("cxl-test-XXXXXX", NULL);
+
+    g_string_printf(cmdline, QEMU_PXB_CMD QEMU_RP QEMU_T3D_PMEM,
+                    tmpfs, tmpfs);
+
+    qtest_start(cmdline->str);
+    qtest_end();
+}
+
+static void cxl_t3d_volatile(void)
+{
+    g_autoptr(GString) cmdline = g_string_new(NULL);
+
+    g_string_printf(cmdline, QEMU_PXB_CMD QEMU_RP QEMU_T3D_VMEM);
+
+    qtest_start(cmdline->str);
+    qtest_end();
+}
+
+static void cxl_t3d_volatile_lsa(void)
 {
     g_autoptr(GString) cmdline = g_string_new(NULL);
     g_autofree const char *tmpfs = NULL;
 
     tmpfs = g_dir_make_tmp("cxl-test-XXXXXX", NULL);
 
-    g_string_printf(cmdline, QEMU_PXB_CMD QEMU_RP QEMU_T3D, tmpfs, tmpfs);
+    g_string_printf(cmdline, QEMU_PXB_CMD QEMU_RP QEMU_T3D_VMEM_LSA,
+                    tmpfs);
 
     qtest_start(cmdline->str);
     qtest_end();
@@ -155,7 +208,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
     qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/rp", cxl_root_port);
     qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/rp_x2", cxl_2root_port);
 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
-    qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/type3_device", cxl_t3d);
+    qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/type3_device", cxl_t3d_deprecated);
+    qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/type3_device_pmem", cxl_t3d_persistent);
+    qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/type3_device_vmem", cxl_t3d_volatile);
+    qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/type3_device_vmem_lsa", cxl_t3d_volatile_lsa);
     qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/rp_x2_type3_x2", cxl_1pxb_2rp_2t3d);
     qtest_add_func("/pci/cxl/pxb_x2_root_port_x4_type3_x4", cxl_2pxb_4rp_4t3d);
 #endif
-- 
2.37.2




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