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[Hurdextras-hackers] More nits and such


From: James A Morrison
Subject: [Hurdextras-hackers] More nits and such
Date: Fri, 31 Jan 2003 12:23:04 -0500 (EST)

 Hey,

  I've read as much of the users guide as I will.  Here is my latest set
of nits.  Someone may want to decode what I am trying to say about two
network cards, but the rest should be pretty obvious.  Some of the @dfn
changes make the document look better and make more sense while using
info instead of the html version.

Jim

2003-01-31  James A. Morrison  <address@hidden>

        * using_gnuhurd.texi (Configuring): -c creates files not translators.
          Add comment about multiple network cards.
        * using_gnuhurd.texi (Top): Remove the extra copying section.
        * using_gnuhurd.texi: Fix some minor spacing issues.

Index: using_gnuhurd.texi
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/hurdextras/documentation/using_gnuhurd.texi,v
retrieving revision 1.14
diff -u -r1.14 using_gnuhurd.texi
--- using_gnuhurd.texi  30 Jan 2003 18:27:59 -0000      1.14
+++ using_gnuhurd.texi  31 Jan 2003 17:16:12 -0000
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 * Troubleshooting::             Some troubleshooting help. 
 * Finding More Information::    Other sources of information.
 * Helping Out::                 Helping us improve the GNU system.
-* Copying the Hurd and This Manual::  The GNU General Public License.
+* Copying::                     The GNU General Public License.
 * Index::                       Guide to concepts and files.
 
 @detailmenu
@@ -98,8 +98,7 @@
 * History::                     How the Hurd was born.
 * Who Should Use the Hurd?::    Pros and Cons of the Hurd for various groups.
 * Hurd Today::                  The status of the Hurd.                  
-* Copying::                     The Hurd is free software.
-* Conventions used in this manual:: How to read this manual.
+* Conventions::                 How to read this manual.
 
 Installing
 
@@ -116,9 +115,9 @@
 
 Using
 
-* The Shell::                  Some basic knowledge you need.
-* Introduction to Scripting with Bash:: An intro to shell scripts.
-* File Archivers and Compression:: Some more good Basics.
+* The Shell::                   Some basic knowledge you need.
+* Scripting with Bash::         An introduction to shell scripts.
+* File Archivers::              Basics on archiving and compressing files.
 * Administration::              Some basic Admin. things.
 * Accessing the cdrom::         Get your data from cdrom.
 * Accessing the floppy::        Get your data from floppy. 
@@ -153,7 +152,7 @@
 Troubleshooting
 
 * Fscking the filesystem::      Repairing your disk after a crash.    
-* Booting and GRUB ::          
+* Booting and GRUB::          
 
 Finding More Information
 
@@ -196,8 +195,7 @@
 * History::                     How the Hurd was born.
 * Who Should Use the Hurd?::    Pros and Cons of the Hurd for various groups.
 * Hurd Today::                  The status of the Hurd.                  
-* Copying::                     The Hurd is free software.
-* Conventions used in this manual:: How to read this manual.
+* Conventions::                 How to read this manual.
 @end menu
 
 @node Audience, Overview, Introduction, Introduction
@@ -238,7 +236,7 @@
 @cindex kernel 
 @cindex GNU C Library 
 @cindex POSIX
-An @dfn{operating system} @dfn{kernel} provides a framework for programs to 
+An operating system's @dfn{kernel} provides a framework for programs to 
 share a computer's hardware resources securely and efficiently.  This framework
 includes mechanisms for programs to communicate safely, even if they do
 not trust one another.
@@ -254,11 +252,11 @@
 you need to).
 
 The @dfn{GNU C Library} provides a @dfn{POSIX} environment on the Hurd, by
-translating standard POSIX system calls into interactions with the
+translating standard POSIX system calls into calls to the
 appropriate Hurd server.
 
-POSIX stands for Portable Operating System Interface.  The term POSIX
-we hear so much about is a set standards set by the IEEE. Unix-like 
+POSIX stands for Portable Operating System Interface.  POSIX
+is a set standards defined by the IEEE.  Unix-like 
 operating systems aim to be compliant or partially-compliant. GNU/Hurd
 is as compliant as any other Unix-like operating system. That is why
 ported applications, implementations of protocols and other essential
@@ -277,7 +275,7 @@
 @cindex Lites
 @c FIXME: Include some history of Unix and Mach.
 
address@hidden Stallman (RMS)} started @dfn{GNU}in 1983, as a project 
+Richard Stallman @dfn{RMS} started @dfn{GNU}in 1983, as a project 
 to create a
 complete free operating system.  In the text of the GNU Manifesto, he
 mentioned that there is a primitive kernel.  In the first GNUsletter,
@@ -377,8 +375,9 @@
 @cindex microkernel
 
 Firstly, a note for end-users: if you do not consider yourself 
-``computer literate,'' then you @emph{definitely} will not want to use 
-the Hurd.  No official release of the Hurd has yet been made, and the system 
+``computer literate'', then you @emph{definitely} will not want to use 
+the Hurd.  No official release of the Hurd has yet been made in many years, 
+and the system 
 is currently unstable.  If you run the Hurd, you will encounter many bugs.  
 For those people who use their computers for web-surfing, email, word 
 processing, etc., and just want the infernal machine to work, the Hurd's 
@@ -387,8 +386,7 @@
 For such people, a more stable system is preferable.  Fortunately, the GNU 
 system currently exists in a very stable state with Linux substituted for 
 the Hurd as the kernel, so it is possible for end-users to use a powerful, 
-stable, and Free Unix-like operating system. @dfn{Debian} 
address@hidden/Linux}, a very 
+stable, and Free Unix-like operating system. @dfn{Debian GNU/Linux}, a very 
 high-quality GNU/Linux distribution, is available; in addition, many 
 commercial companies sell boxed GNU/Linux distributions with printed 
 documentation, and, to various extents, take measures to hide the 
@@ -430,7 +428,7 @@
 case of 
 GNU/Hurd and GNU/Linux, and the BSD license in the case of the BSDs.  In fact, 
 the entire GNU System is a complete Unix-like operating system licensed under 
-the GNU @dfn{GPL}.
+the GNU GPL.
 
 Although it is similar to other Free Unix-like kernel projects, the Hurd has 
 the potential to be much more.  Unlike these other projects, the Hurd has an 
@@ -507,7 +505,7 @@
 offers a developer the opportunity to make a substantial contribution to 
 a system at a relatively-early point in its development.
 
address@hidden Hurd Today, Copying, Who Should Use the Hurd?, Introduction
address@hidden Hurd Today, Conventions, Who Should Use the Hurd?, Introduction
 @comment node, next, prev, up
 @section Hurd Today
 @cindex Debian Project
@@ -549,17 +547,9 @@
 @uref{http://www.l4ka.org,L4} Project influencing some of there 
 research in microkernel based technology.
 
address@hidden Copying, Conventions used in this manual, Hurd Today, 
Introduction
address@hidden Conventions,  , Hurd Today, Introduction
 @comment node, next, prev, up
address@hidden Copying
address@hidden GPL
-The Hurd is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License 
-(@pxref{GNU General Public License}). The GNU @dfn{GPL} protects your right to 
-use, modify, and distribute all parts of the GNU system.
-
address@hidden Conventions used in this manual,  , Copying, Introduction
address@hidden node, next, prev, up
address@hidden Conventions used in this manual
address@hidden Conventions
 @cindex Conventions
 
 We often show command prompts in this manual.  When doing so, the command 
@@ -900,7 +890,7 @@
 You need to start with the @command{root} command:
 
 @example 
-:grub> root (hd0,0)
+grub> root (hd0,0)
 @end example
 
 The @command{root} command in the above example tells 
@@ -912,7 +902,7 @@
 Heres what I have:
 
 @example
-:grub> kernel /boot/gnumach.gz root=device:hd0s1 
+grub> kernel /boot/gnumach.gz root=device:hd0s1 
 @end example
 
 Once you press @key{Enter} again, you will see some more info.  
@@ -924,7 +914,7 @@
 the trickiest part of booting the system.
 
 @display
-:grub> module /hurd/ext2fs.static address@hidden@} address@hidden@} 
address@hidden@} address@hidden@} -T typed address@hidden@} $(task-create) 
$(task-resume)  
+grub> module /hurd/ext2fs.static address@hidden@} address@hidden@} 
address@hidden@} address@hidden@} -T typed address@hidden@} $(task-create) 
$(task-resume)  
 @end display
 
 @emph{Note this should be all on one line, do not press @key{Enter} 
@@ -933,7 +923,7 @@
 Next, type:
 
 @example
-:grub> module /lib/ld.so.1 /hurd/exec $(exec-task=task-create)
+grub> module /lib/ld.so.1 /hurd/exec $(exec-task=task-create)
 @end example
 
 That first monster module line is a lot to type each time you want to 
@@ -1261,15 +1251,15 @@
 for a brief introduction.
 
 @menu
-* The Shell ::                  Some basic knowledge you need.
-* Introduction to Scripting with Bash:: Intro to shell scripts.
-* File Archivers and Compression:: Some more good Basics.
-* Administration::              Some basic Admin. things.
-* Accessing the cdrom::         Get your data from cdrom.
-* Accessing the floppy::        Get your data from floppy.           
+* The Shell::                  Some basic knowledge you need.
+* Scripting with Bash::        Introduction to shell scripts.
+* File Archivers::             Basics on archiving and compressing files.
+* Administration::             Some basic Admin. things.
+* Accessing the cdrom::        Get your data from cdrom.
+* Accessing the floppy::       Get your data from floppy.           
 @end menu
 
address@hidden The Shell, Introduction to Scripting with Bash, Using, Using
address@hidden The Shell, Scripting with Bash, Using, Using
 @comment node, next, prev, up
 @section The Shell
 @cindex login 
@@ -1522,9 +1512,9 @@
 As a final note, always remember: @address@hidden is your friend on 
 GNU/Hurd.}
 
address@hidden Introduction to Scripting with Bash, File Archivers and 
Compression, The Shell, Using
address@hidden Scripting with Bash, File Archivers, The Shell, Using
 @comment node , next , prev, up
address@hidden Introduction to Scripting with Bash
address@hidden Scripting with Bash
 
 These next few paragraphs are to aquaint the user of GNU/Hurd with 
 extended shell capabilities. The bash shell is a very powerful program.
@@ -1574,9 +1564,9 @@
 example:
 
 @example
-bash-2.05$export SRC=/home/src
-bash-2.05#echo $SRC
- /home/src
+bash-2.05$ export SRC=/home/src
+bash-2.05# echo $SRC
+/home/src
 @end example
 
 In the above example we use the @command{echo} to tell us what the 
@@ -1613,7 +1603,8 @@
        When the PS1 variable is not set you just see bash-2.05$ as
        your prompt.
 @item
-MANPATH:  The MANPATH variable is used so that when man is evoked              
     It knows where all the man pages live.
+MANPATH:  The MANPATH variable is used so that when man is evoked
+          It knows where all the man pages live.
 @item
 alias : The alias command is used you disguise a command with anything
        your heart desires except another command. A user can alias
@@ -1624,9 +1615,9 @@
 As you get more comfortable with you GNU/Hurd workstation you will
 end up customizing some of these values to suit your needs.
 
address@hidden File Archivers and Compression, Administration, Introduction to 
Scripting with Bash, Using
address@hidden File Archivers, Administration, Scripting with Bash, Using
 @comment node, next, prev, up
address@hidden  File Archivers and Compression
address@hidden  File Archivers
 @cindex tar
 @cindex bzip2
 @cindex gzip
@@ -1769,7 +1760,7 @@
 just like music or sports: you can never learn enough. 
 This chapter is meant to give you a stepping stone to freedom.
 
address@hidden Administration, Accessing the cdrom, File Archivers and 
Compression, Using
address@hidden Administration, Accessing the cdrom, File Archivers, Using
 @comment node, next, prev, up
 @section Administration
 @cindex su
@@ -1926,16 +1917,16 @@
 of vendor.  A computer has these things in common:
 
 @menu
-* CPU ::                            (Central Processing Unit)
-* Power Supply ::                   (+-5volts,+-12volts)
-* Motherboard ::                    (main board,system board, etc.)
-* RAM ::                            (Random Access Memory)
-* Hard Drive ::                     (IDE, SCSI, ATA, etc.) 
-* Floppy Drive and CDROM ::         (Removable Storage)
-* Serial and Parallel Ports ::      (for external devices)
-* Video Cards ::                    (VGA, AGP, ISA)
-* PCI and EISA Slots::              (for internal devices)
-* BIOS ::                           (Basic Input Output System)
+* CPU::                            (Central Processing Unit)
+* Power Supply::                   (+-5volts,+-12volts)
+* Motherboard::                    (main board,system board, etc.)
+* RAM::                            (Random Access Memory)
+* Hard Drive::                     (IDE, SCSI, ATA, etc.) 
+* Floppy Drive and CDROM::         (Removable Storage)
+* Serial and Parallel Ports::      (for external devices)
+* Video Cards::                    (VGA, AGP, ISA)
+* PCI and EISA Slots::             (for internal devices)
+* BIOS::                           (Basic Input Output System)
 @end menu
 
 @c This menu should follow the structure of the nodes! =)
@@ -2209,7 +2200,8 @@
 @c    We also 
 @c >>need interrupts, and a multi-tasking operating system
 @c mg: You are right I just need to find a clear way to explain
address@hidden >> [4] Reading this, I find myself waiting for a "; for example, 
". Is @c this 
address@hidden >> [4] Reading this, I find myself waiting for a "; for example, 
". Is 
address@hidden this 
 @c >>a dig at DOS 6.22/Win3.1 for having co-operative multi-tasking?
 @c mg: It's not really a dig, I'm just trying to explain that RAM is 
 @c one of
@@ -2245,15 +2237,17 @@
 wires are rated +-13 volts.  The red wires are +-5 volts and the 
 black ones are ground(0 volts).  Both the motherboard and internal 
 device connectors cannot be put in backwards or upside down.  
-One common problem is not pressing the power connectors in completely.The 
floppy disk drive has it's very own power connector that is also 
+One common problem is not pressing the power connectors in completely. 
+The floppy disk drive has it's very own power connector that is also 
 keyed (think key and keyhole) to go in correctly.  If your 
 power supply is running hot or overheating, this can cause your 
 machine to reboot and occasionally lock up.  To figure out if this 
 is the case one can simply touch the back of computer, right above 
-the power supply.  If it is hot to the touch this may be the clue you need.  
Power Supplies are also coming in different watt(240 thru 400)
+the power supply.  If it is hot to the touch this may be the clue you need.  
+Power Supplies are also coming in different watt(240 thru 400)
 ratings.  CPU's from different manufacturers require specific power 
-requirements related to power supply and motherboard.  These require-
-ments can sometimes add confusion when upgrading your system. 
+requirements related to power supply and motherboard.  These 
+requirements can sometimes add confusion when upgrading your system. 
 
 @c >> [5] I don't know if you mean that it's impossible to accidently put 
 @c >> these in incorrectly, or that if you put them in incorrectly, bad 
@@ -2368,7 +2362,8 @@
 @code{'f', 'g', 'c', 'a'}, and @code{'p'}.  The @code{-fg} forces anything 
 that is attached to @file{/servers/socket/2} and @file{/hurd/pfinet} to go 
 away.  
-Next, the @code{-c} tells @command{settrans} to create a translator.  The 
+Next, the @code{-c} tells @command{settrans} to create 
address@hidden/servers/socket/2} if it doesn't exist.  The 
 @code{-ap} 
 tells the @file{/server/socket/2} and @file{/hurd/pfinet} 
 to be both active and passive. The passive option will make the
@@ -2382,6 +2377,15 @@
 -g 192.168.1.5 = This is the gateway machine on the network.
 @end example
 
+If you have more than one network card that you want configured you must
+provide the options for each network interface on the same line.
+
address@hidden
+bash-2.05# settrans -fgcap /servers/socket/2 /hurd/pfinet \
+-i eth0 -a 192.168.1.3 -m 255.255.255.0 -g 192.168.1.5 \
+-i eth1 -a 10.0.0.5 -m 255.255.255.0 <ENTER>
address@hidden example
+
 Unfortunately, GNU/Hurd currently has no @dfn{DHCP} client (DHCP stands for 
 Dynamic 
 Host Configuration Protocol, its used by many computers to attach themselves 
@@ -2503,7 +2507,7 @@
 copying files to and from it as if it were a directory on your machine.
 
 @example 
-$bash-2.05#settrans -ac /mnt /hurd/ftpfs / alpha.gnu.org
+bash-2.05# settrans -ac /mnt /hurd/ftpfs / alpha.gnu.org
 @end example
 
 This command will set a translator for @command{ftpfs}.  The @command{ftpfs} 
@@ -2523,7 +2527,7 @@
 @c FIXME: I don't understand (The Hurds... and many others).
 @c mg: yup me too ;o/
 @example
-bash-2.05:$ ftp <ENTER>
+bash-2.05$ ftp <ENTER>
 ftp> open ftp.gnu.org
 @end example
 
@@ -2653,7 +2657,7 @@
 @itemize @bullet
 @item
 Disk-based filesystem formats, such as @code{ext2fs}, @code{ufs}, and
address@hidden
address@hidden
 
 @item
 Network filesystems, such as @code{nfs} and @code{ftpfs}.
@@ -2886,7 +2890,7 @@
 
 @menu
 * Fscking the filesystem::      Repairing your disk after a crash.    
-* Booting and GRUB ::           
+* Booting and GRUB::           
 @end menu
 
 @c This is a start, we need to gather more info on this subject for 
@@ -3305,11 +3309,11 @@
 currently archived at the following locations:
 @itemize @bullet
 @item @b{help-hurd@@gnu.org} : 
address@hidden://mail.gnu.org/pipermail/help-hurd/}.
address@hidden://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/help-hurd/}.
 @item @b{debian-hurd@@lists.debian.org} : 
 @uref{http://lists.debian.org/debian-hurd/}.
 @item @b{bug-hurd@@gnu.org} : 
address@hidden://mail.gnu.org/pipermail/bug-hurd/}.
address@hidden://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-hurd/}.
 @end itemize
 
 Most hackers hate repeating publicly-available information.  
@@ -3369,7 +3373,7 @@
 
 @end itemize
 
address@hidden Helping Out, Copying the Hurd and This Manual, Finding More 
Information, Top
address@hidden Helping Out, Copying, Finding More Information, Top
 @comment node, next, prev, up
 @chapter Helping Out
 @cindex contribute
@@ -3428,7 +3432,7 @@
 
 @display
 
-#! /bin/sh
+#!/bin/sh
 
 cd $HOME
 mkdir hurd-cvs
@@ -3886,23 +3890,25 @@
 @cindex BTS
 when to use bug-hurd versus Debian BTS, how to file a *good* bug report
 
address@hidden Copying the Hurd and This Manual, Index, Helping Out, Top
address@hidden Copying, Index, Helping Out, Top
 @comment node, next, prev, up
address@hidden Copying the Hurd and This Manual
address@hidden Copying
 @cindex GPL
+The GNU Hurd and this manual are distributed under the terms of the GNU 
+General Public License.  The GNU @dfn{GPL} protects your right to 
+use, modify, and distribute all parts of the GNU system.
+
 @menu
 * GNU General Public License::  Protecting your rights.
 @end menu
 
-The Hurd is covered under the GNU General Public License, as is this manual.
-
address@hidden GNU General Public License,  , Copying the Hurd and This Manual, 
Copying the Hurd and This Manual
address@hidden GNU General Public License,  , Copying, Copying
 @comment node, next, prev, up
 @section GNU General Public License
 
 @include gpl.texinfo
 
address@hidden Index,  , Copying the Hurd and This Manual, Top
address@hidden Index,  , Copying, Top
 @unnumbered Index
 
 @printindex cp




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