--- Begin Message ---
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Subject: |
30.1; On Windows, dired does not display Junctions specially |
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Date: |
Sun, 6 Apr 2025 23:15:59 +0000 |
When using dired on emacs in Windows, Symlinks are displayed helpfully,
with an indication of the target of the symlink. Junction entries are
not displayed specially. There is no indication of the target of a
Junction.
Junctions in Windows are similar to Symbolic Links
(symlinks) but slightly different. You can read a comparison here:
https://superuser.com/a/1291446/3614
(Why there are both Junctions and symlinks, I do not know)
Junctions always use a directory as the target, and it is possible
to create a Junction without elevated (Administrator) privileges. So it
is sometimes more convenient to use a Junction, instead of a symlink.
For example here is the dired output of a test directory. It contains a
regular file, a symlink to that regular file, a broken symlink, a
regular directory, and a Junction pointing to a different directory. The
valid and broken symlinks are displayed helpfully, and dired helpfully
uses a different face (dired-broken-symlink) for the broken symlink.
dired displays the regular file and regular directory correctly too. But
there is nothing that indicates the junction is not a regular directory:
c:/Users/dpchi/test:
drwx 1 dpchi 0 2025-04-06 15:47 .
drwx 1 Administrators 16384 2025-04-06 15:46 ..
lrwx 1 Administrators 0 2025-04-06 15:44 broken-symlink.txt ->
c:/Users/dpchi/test/non-existent-file.txt
-rw- 1 dpchi 148 2023-12-06 15:06 regular-file.txt
drwx 1 dpchi 0 2025-04-06 15:47 this-is-a-directory
drwx 1 Administrators 32768 2024-12-27 11:30
this-is-a-directory-junction
lrwx 1 Administrators 0 2025-04-06 15:44 valid-symlink.txt ->
c:/Users/dpchi/test/regular-file.txt
In Powershell, I can list the same directory and see the junction and
its target.
PS C:\Users\dpchi\test> get-childitem
Directory: C:\Users\dpchi\test
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
d---- 4/6/2025 3:47 PM this-is-a-directory
l---- 4/6/2025 3:43 PM this-is-a-directory-junction
-> c:\Users\dpchi\elisp-2024
la--- 4/6/2025 3:44 PM 0 broken-symlink.txt ->
c:\Users\dpchi\test\non-existent-file.txt
-a--- 12/6/2023 3:06 PM 148 regular-file.txt
la--- 4/6/2025 3:44 PM 0 valid-symlink.txt ->
c:\Users\dpchi\test\regular-file.txt
## Additional Details
To create a junction or symlink on Windows you can use these powershell
commands:
# the following can be done with regular privileges
New-Item -Path new-directory-junction -ItemType Junction -Value
"c:\path\to\target\directory"
# symlinks always point to files, and creating one requires elevated privileges.
New-Item -Path valid-symlink.txt -ItemType SymbolicLink -Value
"c:\path\to\regular-file.txt"
## Diagnosis
I think the code that shows symlinks differently is line 810 in ls-lisp.el
(if (stringp file-type) ; is a symbolic link
(concat " -> " file-type))
The file-type var is set from file-attribute-type, which is defined in
files.el.
That gets its information from dired.c (which I am not looking at), which
populates a string for (file-attribute-type file-attr) in the case of symbolic
link,
but does not do the same for Junction. So I think maybe a change in dired.c
for Windows might be necessary.
## Expected/Desired behavior:
Using dired on Windows, Junction entries show the target of the
Junction, similar to how symbolic links are shown.
In GNU Emacs 30.1 (build 2, x86_64-w64-mingw32) of 2025-02-23 built on
AVALON
Windowing system distributor 'Microsoft Corp.', version 10.0.26100
System Description: Microsoft Windows 10 Home (v10.0.2009.26100.3476)
Configured using:
'configure --with-modules --without-dbus --with-native-compilation=aot
--without-compress-install --with-tree-sitter CFLAGS=-O2
prefix=/g/rel/install/emacs-30.1'
Configured features:
ACL GIF GMP GNUTLS HARFBUZZ JPEG LCMS2 LIBXML2 MODULES NATIVE_COMP
NOTIFY W32NOTIFY PDUMPER PNG RSVG SOUND SQLITE3 THREADS TIFF
TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS TREE_SITTER WEBP XPM ZLIB
(NATIVE_COMP present but libgccjit not available)
Important settings:
value of $LANG: ENU
locale-coding-system: cp1252
Major mode: Dired by ctime
Minor modes in effect:
global-git-commit-mode: t
magit-auto-revert-mode: t
default-text-scale-mode: t
server-mode: t
recentf-mode: t
yas-global-mode: t
yas-minor-mode: t
icomplete-vertical-mode: t
icomplete-mode: t
override-global-mode: t
global-hl-line-mode: t
hl-line-mode: t
tooltip-mode: t
global-eldoc-mode: t
show-paren-mode: t
electric-indent-mode: t
mouse-wheel-mode: t
menu-bar-mode: t
file-name-shadow-mode: t
global-font-lock-mode: t
font-lock-mode: t
blink-cursor-mode: t
minibuffer-regexp-mode: t
buffer-read-only: t
column-number-mode: t
line-number-mode: t
transient-mark-mode: t
auto-composition-mode: t
auto-encryption-mode: t
auto-compression-mode: t
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overlay sha1 md5 base64 format env code-pages mule custom widget keymap
hashtable-print-readable backquote threads w32notify w32 lcms2 multi-tty
move-toolbar make-network-process native-compile emacs)
Memory information:
((conses 16 784227 131416) (symbols 48 48648 2) (strings 32 247647 6863)
(string-bytes 1 6896143) (vectors 16 68550) (vector-slots 8 1619427 233216)
(floats 8 368 8214) (intervals 56 20293 793) (buffers 992 30))
--- End Message ---
--- Begin Message ---
|
Subject: |
Re: bug#77589: 30.1; On Windows, dired does not display Junctions specially |
|
Date: |
Sat, 26 Apr 2025 14:04:43 +0300 |
> Cc: 77589@debbugs.gnu.org
> Date: Mon, 07 Apr 2025 14:39:36 +0300
> From: Eli Zaretskii <eliz@gnu.org>
>
> severity 77589 wishlist
> thanks
>
> > From: dino chiesa <dpchiesa@hotmail.com>
> > Date: Sun, 6 Apr 2025 23:15:59 +0000
> > msip_labels:
> >
> > When using dired on emacs in Windows, Symlinks are displayed helpfully,
> > with an indication of the target of the symlink. Junction entries are
> > not displayed specially. There is no indication of the target of a
> > Junction.
> >
> > Junctions in Windows are similar to Symbolic Links
> > (symlinks) but slightly different. You can read a comparison here:
> > https://superuser.com/a/1291446/3614
> > (Why there are both Junctions and symlinks, I do not know)
> >
> > Junctions always use a directory as the target, and it is possible
> > to create a Junction without elevated (Administrator) privileges. So it
> > is sometimes more convenient to use a Junction, instead of a symlink.
>
> AFAIK, Junction points are legacy/deprecated kind of symbolic links,
> which are restricted wrt symlinks available on modern versions of
> MS-Windows: junction points can only link to local directories (and
> have security issues). Their only advantage is that they are
> available on older Windows versions.
>
> Emacs does support symlinks on MS-Windows, but I don't see a point in
> adding complexity to the MS-Windows specific code to support this
> deprecated kind of symlinks. It would add complexity, because
> junctions are subtly different from symlinks, but the Posix model of
> file attributes used by Emacs doesn't allow to distinguish between
> them easily, so we'd need some kludges in all kinds of places. For
> example, what to do when copying a junction -- create another junction
> or a symlink? And how to display that in Dired buffers, given that
> the "->" notation is already taken by symlinks, and nothing similar
> exists on Posix systems (which Emacs on Windows emulates)? And how to
> indicate the fact that a file is a junction point in the output of
> file-attributes? Treating junctions as symlinks will cause trouble,
> because a junction has restrictions that need to be observed.
>
> So, on balance, I don't think we should add this to Emacs.
>
> > That gets its information from dired.c (which I am not looking at), which
> > populates a string for (file-attribute-type file-attr) in the case of
> > symbolic link,
> > but does not do the same for Junction. So I think maybe a change in
> > dired.c
> > for Windows might be necessary.
>
> The current support for symlink is not in dired.c, it is in w32.c,
> where we have our custom implementation of the 'stat' and 'lstat'
> functions, which have symlink support built-in.
>
> > This page discusses an approach to interrogating a file on Windows to
> > determine if it is a Symlink or Junction:
> >
> > https://sourceware.org/pipermail/cygwin/2023-November/254786.html
> >
> > HANDLE h = ...
> > FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TAG_INFO at;
> > if (GetFileInformationByHandleEx (h, FileAttributeTagInfo,
> > &at, sizeof at))
> > {
> > if (at.FileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT)
> > {
> > /* Check at.ReparseTag:
> > IO_REPARSE_TAG_LX_SYMLINK: WSL symlink
> > IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK: Windows symlink
> > IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT: Volume mount point
> > or directory junction
> > IO_REPARSE_TAG_APPEXECLINK: App execution alias
> > Anything else: *shrug*
> > }
> > }
>
> Thanks, this is well-known, and you will see that we have a similar
> code in w32.c in the Emacs source tree.
>
> Bottom line: I don't think we should add this to Emacs. Other
> opinions (with rationale) are welcome.
No further comments, so I'm now closing this bug.
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