emacs -Q M-: (fancy-startup-screen) RET
and now evaluate the following lines in turn:
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'ultra-heavy)
;; 1
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'heavy) ;; 2
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'ultra-bold)
;; 3
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'bold) ;; 4
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'semi-bold) ;;
5
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'medium) ;; 6
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'normal) ;; 7
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'semi-light)
;; 8
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'light) ;; 9
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'ultra-light)
;; 10
(set-face-attribute 'default nil :font "Source Code Pro" :weight 'thin) ;; 11
(If you don't have the Source Code Pro font on your system, I'm sure
you can find another font with more weight variants with which you will
observe a similar effect.)
With current master, the variable-pitch face is realized as follows: