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www/philosophy/po right-to-read.zh-cn.po
From: |
Wensheng XIE |
Subject: |
www/philosophy/po right-to-read.zh-cn.po |
Date: |
Thu, 21 Dec 2017 08:26:34 -0500 (EST) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Wensheng XIE <wxie> 17/12/21 08:26:34
Added files:
philosophy/po : right-to-read.zh-cn.po
Log message:
zh-cn: new translation
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/right-to-read.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: right-to-read.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: right-to-read.zh-cn.po
diff -N right-to-read.zh-cn.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ right-to-read.zh-cn.po 21 Dec 2017 13:26:33 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,744 @@
+# Simplified Chinese translation of
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html
+# Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>, 2017.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: right-to-read.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2016-11-06 21:25+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-12-21 21:23+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Wensheng Xie <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Chinese <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid "The Right to Read - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr "é
读çæå© - GNUå·¥ç¨ - èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "The Right to Read"
+msgstr "é
读çæå©"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\"><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\"><strong>Richard Stallman</strong></a>
è"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<em>This article appeared in the February 1997 issue of <cite>Communications "
+"of the ACM</cite> (Volume 40, Number 2).</em>"
+msgstr ""
+"<em>æ¬æåºç°äº1997å¹´2æåºçç<cite>ACMé讯</cite>ï¼å·40ï¼ç¬¬2å·ï¼ã</em>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"From <cite>The Road To Tycho</cite>, a collection of articles about the "
+"antecedents of the Lunarian Revolution, published in Luna City in 2096."
+msgstr ""
+"æ¬ææ¥èª<cite>éå¾Tycho<sup><a
href=\"#TransNote1\">1</a></sup>ä¹è·¯</cite>ï¼"
+"æçé©å½ç¥å
çä¸é¨æéï¼äº2096å¹´å表äºæä¹å<sup><a
href=\"#TransNote2\">2</"
+"a></sup>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"For Dan Halbert, the road to Tycho began in college—when Lissa Lenz "
+"asked to borrow his computer. Hers had broken down, and unless she could "
+"borrow another, she would fail her midterm project. There was no one she "
+"dared ask, except Dan."
+msgstr ""
+"对Dan Halbertæ¥è¯´ï¼éå¾Tychoä¹è·¯å§äºå¤§å¦—å½Lissa
Lenzé®ä»åçµèçæ¶åã"
+"她ççµèåäºï¼èä¸å¦æ她ä¸åä¸é¨çµèï¼å¥¹çæä¸é¡¹ç®å°±è¿ä¸äºå
³ãé¤äºDanï¼å¥¹å°±æ²¡"
+"人æ¢é®äºã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This put Dan in a dilemma. He had to help her—but if he lent her his "
+"computer, she might read his books. Aside from the fact that you could go "
+"to prison for many years for letting someone else read your books, the very "
+"idea shocked him at first. Like everyone, he had been taught since "
+"elementary school that sharing books was nasty and wrong—something "
+"that only pirates would do."
+msgstr ""
+"è¿è®©Danè¿é两é¾ãä»ä¸å¾ä¸å¸®å¿—ä½æ¯å¦ææçµèåç»å¥¹ï¼å¥¹å°±å¯è½çä»ç书ã"
+"é¤äºè®©å
¶ä»äººçä½
ç书æ¯è¦å好å¤å¹´ç¢çäºä¹å¤ï¼ä¸æè¿ä¸ªå¿µå¤´æ¬èº«å°±å¤è®©ä»åæç"
+"äºãåææ人ä¸æ
·ï¼ä»ä»å°å¦èµ·å°±è¢«æè²ï¼å享书ç±æ¯é误èä¸ä»¤äººåæ¶ç亗åª"
+"æççè
æä¼å¹²çäºã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"And there wasn't much chance that the SPA—the Software Protection "
+"Authority—would fail to catch him. In his software class, Dan had "
+"learned that each book had a copyright monitor that reported when and where "
+"it was read, and by whom, to Central Licensing. (They used this information "
+"to catch reading pirates, but also to sell personal interest profiles to "
+"retailers.) The next time his computer was networked, Central Licensing "
+"would find out. He, as computer owner, would receive the harshest "
+"punishment—for not taking pains to prevent the crime."
+msgstr ""
+"åµä¸ï¼ä»ä¹ä¸å¤§å¯è½èº²å¼SPA—软件ä¿æ¤å±—ç追踪ãå¨è½¯ä»¶è¯¾ç¨ä¸ï¼Danæ¾"
+"ç»å¦å°è¿æ¯æ¬ä¹¦é½å¸¦æçæçæ§ï¼å®ä¼åææä¸å¿æ±æ¥ä½æ¶ä½å°è°å¨è¯»ãï¼å½å±å©ç¨è¿"
+"个信æ¯æ¥æè·ççè
ï¼ä½ä¹ä¼åé¶å®åå
å®ä¸ªäººå
´è¶£æ¦åµãï¼å½ä¸æ¬¡ä»ççµèèç½æ¶ï¼"
+"ææä¸å¿å°±ä¼ç¥éäºãä»ï¼ä½ä¸ºçµèææè
ï¼ä¼åå°æ严åçæ©ç½—å 为没æåªå"
+"é¿å
ç¯ç½ªã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Of course, Lissa did not necessarily intend to read his books. She might "
+"want the computer only to write her midterm. But Dan knew she came from a "
+"middle-class family and could hardly afford the tuition, let alone her "
+"reading fees. Reading his books might be the only way she could graduate. "
+"He understood this situation; he himself had had to borrow to pay for all "
+"the research papers he read. (Ten percent of those fees went to the "
+"researchers who wrote the papers; since Dan aimed for an academic career, he "
+"could hope that his own research papers, if frequently referenced, would "
+"bring in enough to repay this loan.)"
+msgstr ""
+"å½ç¶ï¼Lissaä¸æ¯å¿
ç¶è¦çä»ç书ã她å¯è½åªæ¯æ³ç¨çµèåå®æä¸é¡¹ç®ãä½æ¯Danç¥é她"
+"æ¥èªä¸ä¸ªä¸äº§é¶çº§å®¶åºï¼èä¸å ä¹æ æ³è´æ
å¦è´¹ï¼æ´ä¸å¿
说åæ¯ä»é
读费äºãé
读ä»ç"
+"书å¯è½æ¯å¥¹è½å¤æ¯ä¸çå¯ä¸éå¾ãä»äºè§£è¿ä¸ªæ
åµï¼ä»èªå·±ä¹ä¸å¾ä¸åé±æ¥æ¯ä»ææè¦"
+"读çç 究论æãï¼é
读费çååä¹ä¸æ¯ç»è®ºæä½è
çï¼ç±äºDançç®æ æ¯å¦æ¯ç 究ï¼ä»ä¹"
+"å¸æèªå·±çç
究论æï¼å¦æ被é¢ç¹å¼ç¨ï¼ä¼å¸¦æ¥è¶³å¤å½è¿è´·æ¬¾çæ¶å
¥ãï¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Later on, Dan would learn there was a time when anyone could go to the "
+"library and read journal articles, and even books, without having to pay. "
+"There were independent scholars who read thousands of pages without "
+"government library grants. But in the 1990s, both commercial and nonprofit "
+"journal publishers had begun charging fees for access. By 2047, libraries "
+"offering free public access to scholarly literature were a dim memory."
+msgstr ""
+"以åï¼Danå¯è½ä¼äºè§£å°æ¾ç»æä¸ä¸ªå¹´ä»£ï¼ä»»ä½äººé½å¯ä»¥å»å¾ä¹¦é¦é
读æåæç« ãä¹è³ä¹¦"
+"ç±èæ éä»è´¹ãè¿æ¾ç»æè¿æ²¡ææ¿åºæ¨æ¬¾çç¬ç«å¦è
ï¼ä»ä»¬æçé
读äºå å页çèµæã"
+"ä½æ¯å¨20ä¸çºª90年代ï¼åä¸çåéçå©çæååºç社é½å¼å§äºä»è´¹æ¥é
ãå°2047å¹´ï¼å¦"
+"æ¯æç®çå
è´¹æ¥é
ä»
ä»
åå¨äºæ¸ºè«çè®°å¿ä¸äºã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"There were ways, of course, to get around the SPA and Central Licensing. "
+"They were themselves illegal. Dan had had a classmate in software, Frank "
+"Martucci, who had obtained an illicit debugging tool, and used it to skip "
+"over the copyright monitor code when reading books. But he had told too "
+"many friends about it, and one of them turned him in to the SPA for a reward "
+"(students deep in debt were easily tempted into betrayal). In 2047, Frank "
+"was in prison, not for pirate reading, but for possessing a debugger."
+msgstr ""
+"å½ç¶ï¼æä¸äºæ段å¯ä»¥ç»è¿SPAåææä¸å¿ãå®ä»¬èªç¶æ¯éæ³çãDanå¦è½¯ä»¶æ¶æä¸ä¸ªå"
+"å¦ï¼Frank Martucciï¼ä»æå°ä¸ä¸ªè¿ç¦çè°è¯å·¥å
·ï¼å¹¶å¨è¯»ä¹¦æ¶ç¨å®è·³è¿çæçæ§ä»£"
+"ç ãä½æ¯ä»æè¿ä»¶äºè®²ç»å¤ªå¤çæåå¬äºï¼å
¶ä¸ä¸ä¸ªä¸ºäºå¥éåSPA举æ¥äºä»ï¼èè´éåº"
+"çå¦çå¾å®¹æåå°è¯±æèèåï¼ã2047å¹´ï¼Frankè¿äºçç±ï¼ä¸æ¯å
为ç读ï¼èæ¯å 为æ¥"
+"æè°è¯å¨ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Dan would later learn that there was a time when anyone could have debugging "
+"tools. There were even free debugging tools available on CD or downloadable "
+"over the net. But ordinary users started using them to bypass copyright "
+"monitors, and eventually a judge ruled that this had become their principal "
+"use in actual practice. This meant they were illegal; the debuggers' "
+"developers were sent to prison."
+msgstr ""
+"以åï¼Danå¯è½ä¼äºè§£å°æ¾ç»æä¸ä¸ªæ¶ä»£ï¼äººäººé½å¯ä»¥æ¥æè°è¯å·¥å
·ãé£æ¶è¿æè£
æèªç±"
+"è°è¯å·¥å
·çå
çï¼çè³å¯ä»¥å°ç½ç»ä¸ä¸è½½èªç±è°è¯å·¥å
·ãç¶èï¼æ®éç¨æ·å¼å§ä½¿ç¨è°è¯"
+"å·¥å
·æ¥è·³è¿çæçæ§ï¼æç»æ³å®å¤å®è¯¥å·¥å
·å®é
ä¸ä¸»è¦ç¨äºè·³è¿çæçæ§ãè¿å°±æå³ç"
+"å®ä»¬æ¯éæ³çï¼è¯¥å·¥å
·çå¼åè
ä¹è¿äºçç±ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Programmers still needed debugging tools, of course, but debugger vendors in "
+"2047 distributed numbered copies only, and only to officially licensed and "
+"bonded programmers. The debugger Dan used in software class was kept behind "
+"a special firewall so that it could be used only for class exercises."
+msgstr ""
+"å½ç¶ï¼ç¨åºåè¿æ¯éè¦è°è¯å·¥å
·çï¼ä¸è¿è°è¯å·¥å
·ä¾åºåå¨2047å¹´åªéå®å¸¦ç¼å·çç"
+"æ¬ï¼èä¸åªåç»æ£å¼ææåææ
ä¿çç¨åºåãDanå¨è½¯ä»¶è¯¾ä¸ä½¿ç¨çè°è¯å¨è¢«æé¤å¨ç¹å«"
+"çé²ç«å¢ä¹å¤ï¼æ以å®åªè½ç¨äºè¯¾å ç»ä¹ ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"It was also possible to bypass the copyright monitors by installing a "
+"modified system kernel. Dan would eventually find out about the free "
+"kernels, even entire free operating systems, that had existed around the "
+"turn of the century. But not only were they illegal, like debuggers—"
+"you could not install one if you had one, without knowing your computer's "
+"root password. And neither the FBI nor Microsoft Support would tell you "
+"that."
+msgstr ""
+"è¿å¯ä»¥éè¿å®è£
ä¿®æ¹ççç³»ç»å
æ
¸æ¥è·³è¿çæçæ§ãDanæç»å¯è½ä¼äºè§£å°å¨ä¸çºªä¹åï¼"
+"èªç±å
æ
¸ãçè³æ¯æ´ä¸ªèªç±æä½ç³»ç»é½æ¯åå¨çãä½æ¯å®ä»¬åè°è¯å¨ä¸æ
·é½ä¸æ¯éæ³ç"
+"—å³ä½¿ä½ ä¸ç¥éçµèç管çåå¯ç ï¼ä½ ä¹å¯ä»¥å®è£
ä¸ä¸ªãFBIæè
Microsoftææ¯æ¯"
+"æé½ä¸ä¼åè¯ä½ è¿äºã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Dan concluded that he couldn't simply lend Lissa his computer. But he "
+"couldn't refuse to help her, because he loved her. Every chance to speak "
+"with her filled him with delight. And that she chose him to ask for help, "
+"that could mean she loved him too."
+msgstr ""
+"Danå¾åºç»è®ºï¼ä»ä¸è½ç®åæçµèåç»Lissaãä½æ¯ä»ä¸è½ä¸å¸®å¥¹ï¼å
为ä»ç±ç她ãæ¯æ¬¡"
+"å她交è°å¯¹ä»é½å¦æ²æ¥é£ãæ¢ç¶å¥¹éæ©åä»æ¥æ±å©ï¼é£ä¹å°±å¯è½æå³ç她ä¹ç±çä»ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Dan resolved the dilemma by doing something even more unthinkable—he "
+"lent her the computer, and told her his password. This way, if Lissa read "
+"his books, Central Licensing would think he was reading them. It was still "
+"a crime, but the SPA would not automatically find out about it. They would "
+"only find out if Lissa reported him."
+msgstr ""
+"Danéæ©äºè®©äººææ³ä¸å°çæ¹å¼æ¥è§£å³è¿ä¸ªé¾é¢—ä»æçµèåç»å¥¹ï¼å¹¶åè¯å¥¹èªå·±"
+"çå¯ç ãè¿æ
·ï¼å¦æLissaçä»ç书ï¼ææä¸å¿ä¼ä»¥ä¸ºæ¯ä»å¨ç书ãè¿ä¹æ¯ç¯ç½ªï¼ä½æ¯"
+"SPAä¸ä¼é©¬ä¸å¯è§ãåªæLissa举æ¥ï¼ä»ä»¬æä¼ç¥éã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Of course, if the school ever found out that he had given Lissa his own "
+"password, it would be curtains for both of them as students, regardless of "
+"what she had used it for. School policy was that any interference with "
+"their means of monitoring students' computer use was grounds for "
+"disciplinary action. It didn't matter whether you did anything "
+"harmful—the offense was making it hard for the administrators to check "
+"on you. They assumed this meant you were doing something else forbidden, "
+"and they did not need to know what it was."
+msgstr ""
+"å½ç¶ï¼å¦æå¦æ ¡åç°ä»ç»äºLissaä»çå¯ç
ï¼é£ä¹ä»ä»¬ä¿©çå¦çç涯就è½å¹äºï¼æ 论她ç¨"
+"å¯ç å¹²äºä»ä¹ãå¦æ ¡çæ¿çæ¯ä»»ä½å¹²æ°å¦æ
¡çæ§å¦ççµè使ç¨æ
åµçæ´»å¨é½æ¯çºªå¾æ©æ"
+"ççç±ãæ è®ºä½ çæä½æ为æ¯å¦æ害é½æ å
³ç´§è¦—å¦æé£æ ·ï¼ç®¡çè
å°±å¾é¾å 罪äº"
+"ä½ ãä»ä»¬è®¾å®ä½ ä»äºäºè¢«ç¦æ¢çæ´»å¨ï¼å
·ä½æ¯ä»ä¹æ´»å¨ï¼ä»ä»¬ä¸éè¦ç¥éã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Students were not usually expelled for this—not directly. Instead "
+"they were banned from the school computer systems, and would inevitably fail "
+"all their classes."
+msgstr ""
+"å¦çé常ä¸ä¼å
æ¤è¢«å¼é¤—ä¸ç´æ¥ä¸ºè¿äºå¿ãä»ä»¬ä¼è¢«ç¦æ¢ä½¿ç¨å¦æ
¡ç计ç®æºç³»"
+"ç»ï¼è¿æ ·ä»ä»¬æåææå¦ç§é½éä¸è¿ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Later, Dan would learn that this kind of university policy started only in "
+"the 1980s, when university students in large numbers began using computers. "
+"Previously, universities maintained a different approach to student "
+"discipline; they punished activities that were harmful, not those that "
+"merely raised suspicion."
+msgstr ""
+"以åï¼Danå¯è½ä¼äºè§£å°è¿æ
·ç大å¦æ¿çåªæ¯ä»20ä¸çºª80年代æå¼å§çï¼å½æ¶å¤§éçé«æ ¡"
+"å¦çå¼å§ä½¿ç¨çµèãæ¤åï¼å¤§å¦çæ
¡çºªææä¸åï¼ä»ä»¬æ©ææ害çè¡ä¸ºï¼èä¸æ¯é£äºä»
"
+"ä»
å¼èµ·æççè¡ä¸ºã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Lissa did not report Dan to the SPA. His decision to help her led to their "
+"marriage, and also led them to question what they had been taught about "
+"piracy as children. The couple began reading about the history of "
+"copyright, about the Soviet Union and its restrictions on copying, and even "
+"the original United States Constitution. They moved to Luna, where they "
+"found others who had likewise gravitated away from the long arm of the SPA. "
+"When the Tycho Uprising began in 2062, the universal right to read soon "
+"became one of its central aims."
+msgstr ""
+"Lissa没æåSPA举æ¥Danãä»ååºç帮å©è®©ä»ä»¬æ¥å
¥äºå©å§»ç殿å ï¼ä¹è®©ä»ä»¬è´¨çä»å°å"
+"å°çå
³äºçççæè²ãä»ä»¬å¤«å¦å¼å§é
读æå
³çæçåå²ãæå
³èèåå
¶å¯¹æ·è´çé"
+"å¶ãçè³æå
³ç¾å½å®ªæ³çèµ·æºãä»ä»¬æ¬å°äºæä¹åï¼å¨è¿éä»ä»¬æ¾å°åä»ä»¬ä¸æ
·è¿ç¦»SPA"
+"éæçåä¼´ãå½2026å¹´Tychoèµ·ä¹å¼å§æ¶ï¼å
¨é¢çé
读æå©å¾å¿«æ为å
¶ä¸å¿ç®çä¹ä¸ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"http://defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html\">Join our mailing list "
+"about the dangers of e-books</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://defectivebydesign.org/ebooks.html\">请å å
¥å
³äºçµå书ä¹å±é©ç"
+"é®ä»¶å表</a>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
+msgid "Author's Notes"
+msgstr "ä½è
éè®°"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This story is supposedly a historical article that will be written in the "
+"future by someone else, describing Dan Halbert's youth under a repressive "
+"society shaped by the unjust forces that use “pirate” as "
+"propaganda. So it uses the terminology of that society. I have tried to "
+"project it forwards into something more visibly oppressive. See <a href=\"/"
+"philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Piracy\">“Piracy”</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"è¿æ¯ä¸ä¸ªåæ³çåå²æ
äºï¼å®å¤§æ¦æ¯ç±å°æ¥çæ个人åçãå®æè¿°çæ¯çæ´»å¨ä¸å¶ç¤¾ä¼"
+"çDan Halbertçéå¹´æ¶ä»£ï¼é£æ¯ä¸ä¸ªè¢«ä¸å
¬æ£å¿åææ²ç社ä¼ï¼ä»ä»¬ä½¿ç¨“çç"
+"”ä¸è¯ä½ä¸ºå®£ä¼ å£å·ãæ以该æ
äºä¹ä½¿ç¨é£ä¸ªç¤¾ä¼çæ¯è¯ãæå°è¯å°è¯¥æ¯è¯æ å°ä¸º"
+"æ´å
·è§è§ææçç±»æ¯ã请åç<a
href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Piracy"
+"\">“Piracy”</a>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Computer-enforced restrictions on lending or reading books (and other kinds "
+"of published works) are known as DRM, short for “Digital Restrictions "
+"Management”. To eliminate DRM, the Free Software Foundation has "
+"established the <a href=\"http://DefectiveByDesign.org\">Defective by "
+"Design</a> campaign. We ask for your support."
+msgstr ""
+"对ç§åæé
读书ç±ï¼ä»¥åå
¶ä»åºçç©ï¼ç计ç®æºå¢å¼ºéå¶ä»¥DRM为èåï¼å®æ¯“æ°"
+"åéå¶ç®¡ç”çç®ç§°ã为äºæç»DRMï¼èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼å»ºç«äº<a
href=\"http://"
+"DefectiveByDesign.org\">设计æ§ç¼ºé·</a>è¿å¨ãæ们请æ±ä½
çæ¯æã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The Electronic Frontier Foundation, a separate organization not related to "
+"the Free Software Foundation, also campaigns against DRM."
+msgstr ""
+"çµååå¨åºéä¼ï¼ä¸ä¸ªåèªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼æ å
³èçç¬ç«ç»ç»ï¼ä¹å¼å±äºå对DRMçè¿å¨ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"The following note has been updated several times since the first "
+"publication of the story."
+msgstr "以ä¸æ³¨è®°èªæ¬æå表ä¹ååäºå¤æ¬¡æ´æ°ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The battle for the right to read is already being fought. Although it may "
+"take 50 years for our past freedoms to fade into obscurity, most of the "
+"specific repressive laws and practices described above have already been "
+"proposed; some have been enacted into law in the US and elsewhere. In the "
+"US, the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) gave explicit "
+"government backing to the computer-enforced restrictions known as DRM, by "
+"making the distribution of programs that can break DRM a crime. The "
+"European Union imposed similar restrictions in a 2001 copyright directive, "
+"in a form not quite as strong."
+msgstr ""
+"é对é
读æå©çæäºå·²ç»å±å¼ãè½ç¶æ们éå»çèªç±å¯è½éè¦50å¹´ææ·¡åºè§éï¼ä½æ¯æ¬"
+"ææè¿°ç大é¨åä¸å¶æ³å¾åå®è·µå·²ç»è¢«æåºï¼å
¶ä¸ä¸äºå·²ç»å¨ç¾å½åå
¶ä»å°åºé¢å¸ä¸ºæ³"
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+"business-supremacy-treaties.html\"> Business-supremacy treaties</a> is a "
+"more fitting term for them, since they are designed to give business "
+"dominion over nominally democratic states. The DMCA's policy of "
+"criminalizing programs that break DRM is one of many unjust policies that "
+"these treaties impose across a wide range of fields."
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+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The US has imposed DMCA requirements on Australia, Panama, Colombia and "
+"South Korea through bilateral agreements, and on countries such as Costa "
+"Rica through another treaty, CAFTA. Obama has escalated the campaign with "
+"two new proposed treaties, the TPP and the TTIP. The TPP would impose the "
+"DMCA, along with many other wrongs, on 12 countries on the Pacific Ocean. "
+"The TTIP would impose similar strictures on Europe. All these treaties must "
+"be defeated, or abolished."
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+"ç¾å½å·²ç»å°DMCAè¦æ±éè¿åè¾¹åè®®æ¨å¹¿å°æ¾³å¤§å©äºãå·´æ¿é©¬ãå¥ä¼¦æ¯äºåé©å½ï¼å¹¶ä¸é"
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é¡»åºé¤ææ¤éã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Even the World Wide Web Consortium has fallen under the shadow of the "
+"copyright industry; it is on the verge of approving a DRM system as an "
+"official part of the web specifications."
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+"çè³ä¸ç»´ç½èçï¼W3Cï¼ä¹å·²ç»è¢«ç¬¼ç½©å¨çæè¡ä¸çé´å½±ä¹ä¸ï¼å®æ£å¤å¨æ¹åDRMè¿å
¥æ£"
+"å¼ç½ç»è§æ ¼çè¾¹ç¼ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Nonfree software tends to have <a href=\"/proprietary/\">abusive features of "
+"many kinds</a>, which lead to the conclusion that <a href=\"/philosophy/free-"
+"software-even-more-important.html\">you can never trust a nonfree program</"
+"a>. We must insist on free (libre) software only, and reject nonfree "
+"programs."
+msgstr ""
+"éèªç±è½¯ä»¶å¾åäºå¸¦æ<a
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é¡»åæåªç¨èªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼å¹¶æç»éèªç±è½¯ä»¶ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"With Windows Vista, Microsoft admitted it had built in a back door: "
+"Microsoft can use it to forcibly install software “upgrades,” "
+"even if users consider them rather to be downgrades. It can also order all "
+"machines running Vista to refuse to run a certain device driver. The main "
+"purpose of Vista's clampdown on users was to impose DRM that users can't "
+"overcome. Of course, Windows 10 is no better"
+msgstr ""
+"对Windows Vistaæ¥è¯´ï¼å¾®è½¯æ¿è®¤å®å
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+"ç¶ï¼Windows 10ä¹å¥½ä¸å°åªå»ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"One of the ideas in the story was not proposed in reality until 2002. This "
+"is the idea that the FBI and Microsoft will keep the root passwords for your "
+"personal computers, and not let you have them."
+msgstr ""
+"该æ
äºä¸è®²å°çä¸ä¸ªé®é¢ç´å°2002å¹´ææ为ç°å®ãè¿å°±æ¯FBIå微软Microsoftæ¥æä½
çµ"
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The proponents of this scheme gave early versions names such as “"
+"trusted computing” and “Palladium”, but as ultimately put "
+"into use, it is called “secure boot”."
+msgstr ""
+"å¡å¯¼è¯¥æ¹æ¡çæ©æçæ¬å«å“å¯ä¿¡è®¡ç®”å“å®æ¤ç¥”ï¼ä½æ¯æ"
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¨å¯å¨”ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"What Microsoft keeps is not exactly a password in the traditional sense; no "
+"person ever types it on a terminal. Rather, it is a signature and "
+"encryption key that corresponds to a second key stored in your computer. "
+"This enables Microsoft, and potentially any web sites that cooperate with "
+"Microsoft, the ultimate control over what the user can do on per own "
+"computer. Microsoft is likely to use that control on behalf of the FBI when "
+"asked: it already <a href=\"/proprietary/malware-microsoft.html\">shows the "
+"NSA security bugs in Windows</a> to exploit."
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+"微软æ¥æç并ä¸ççæ¯ä¼ ç»æä¹ä¸çå¯ç ï¼å®çè³ä¸å¿
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¥ãæ´åç¡®å°è¯´ï¼å®æ¯"
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¨æ¼æ´</a>以ä¾å
¶å©ç¨ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Secure boot can be implemented in a way that permits the user to specify the "
+"signature key and decide what software to sign. In practice, PCs designed "
+"for Windows 10 carry only Microsoft's key, and whether the machine's owner "
+"can install any other system (such as GNU/Linux) is under Microsoft's "
+"control. We call this <em>restricted boot</em>."
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+"å®å
¨å¯å¨å¯ä»¥è®¾è®¡ä¸ºå
许ç¨æ·æå®ç¾åå¯é¥å¹¶å³å®ç»åªä¸ªè½¯ä»¶ç¾åãå®é
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+"GNU/Linuxï¼ç±å¾®è½¯æ§å¶ãæ们称ä¹ä¸º<em>åéå¶çå¯å¨</em>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"In 1997, when this story was first published, the SPA was threatening small "
+"Internet service providers, demanding they permit the SPA to monitor all "
+"users. Most ISPs surrendered when threatened, because they could not afford "
+"to fight back in court. One ISP, Community ConneXion in Oakland, "
+"California, refused the demand and was actually sued. The SPA later dropped "
+"the suit, but the DMCA gave it the power it sought."
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+"è¯è®¼ï¼ä½æ¯DMCAåç»äºå®æ³è¦çæåã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The SPA, which actually stands for Software Publishers Association, has been "
+"replaced in its police-like role by the Business Software Alliance. The BSA "
+"is not, today, an official police force; unofficially, it acts like one. "
+"Using methods reminiscent of the erstwhile Soviet Union, it invites people "
+"to inform on their coworkers and friends. A BSA terror campaign in "
+"Argentina in 2001 made slightly veiled threats that people sharing software "
+"would be raped in prison."
+msgstr ""
+"SPAï¼å®é
æ¯è½¯ä»¶åºçè
åä¼ç缩åï¼å·²ç»è¢«ç±»ä¼¼è¦å¯è§è²çåä¸è½¯ä»¶èçï¼BSAï¼ä»£"
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ä¼å¨çç±é被强æ´ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The university security policies described above are not imaginary. For "
+"example, a computer at one Chicago-area university displayed this message "
+"upon login:"
+msgstr ""
+"æ¬ææè¿°ç大å¦å®å
¨æ¿ç并éæ³è±¡ãä¾å¦ï¼èå
å¥å°åºçä¸æ大å¦ççµèç»å½çé¢ä¼æ¾"
+"示ï¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"This system is for the use of authorized users only. Individuals using this "
+"computer system without authority or in the excess of their authority are "
+"subject to having all their activities on this system monitored and recorded "
+"by system personnel. In the course of monitoring individuals improperly "
+"using this system or in the course of system maintenance, the activities of "
+"authorized user may also be monitored. Anyone using this system expressly "
+"consents to such monitoring and is advised that if such monitoring reveals "
+"possible evidence of illegal activity or violation of University regulations "
+"system personnel may provide the evidence of such monitoring to University "
+"authorities and/or law enforcement officials."
+msgstr ""
+"æ¬ç³»ç»ä»
ä¾ææç¨æ·ä½¿ç¨ãæªç»æææè¶æ使ç¨è¯¥ç³»ç»ç人ï¼å
¶æææä½é½å¯è½ä¼è¢«ç³»"
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åµæå¨ç³»ç»ç»´æ¤é¶æ®µï¼ææç¨æ·çæä½ä¹å¯è½"
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¶åæè¿ç§çæ§ï¼å¹¶å·²è¢«åç¥å¦æçæ§åç°æéæ³"
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åµï¼ç³»ç»äººåä¼åæ
¡æ¹å/ææ§æ³åä½æä¾çæ§è¯æ®ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This is an interesting approach to the Fourth Amendment: pressure most "
+"everyone to agree, in advance, to waive their rights under it."
+msgstr ""
+"è¿æ¯å¯¹ç¬¬åä¿®æ£æ¡çæ趣解读ï¼ä¸ºäºå
é¤ç¬¬åä¿®æ£æ¡èµäºäººä»¬çæå©ï¼äºå
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+"æ°äººåæã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "Bad News"
+msgstr "åæ¶æ¯"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The battle for the right to read is going against us so far. The enemy is "
+"organized, and we are not."
+msgstr "ç®åï¼é
读æå©çæææ£å¨é对æ们è¿è¡ãæ人æç»ç»ï¼è为æ们没æã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Today's commercial e-books <a href=\"/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html"
+"\"> abolish readers' traditional freedoms</a>. Amazon's e-book reader "
+"product, which I call the “Amazon Swindle” because it's designed "
+"to swindle readers out of the traditional freedoms of readers of books, is "
+"run by software with several demonstrated <a href=\"/proprietary/malware-"
+"kindle-swindle.html\">Orwellian functionalities</a>. Any one of them calls "
+"for rejecting the product completely:"
+msgstr ""
+"ä»å¤©çåä¸çµå书<a href=\"/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html\">å
é¤äºè¯»è
"
+"享æçä¼ ç»èªç±</a>ãäºé©¬éççµå书é
读å¨ï¼æ称ä¹ä¸º“äºé©¬ééªå±”ï¼"
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¶ä¸ä»»ä½ä¸ä¸ªé½åºè¯¥å®å
¨æç»è¯¥äº§åï¼"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"It spies on everything the user does: it reports which book the user is "
+"reading, and which page, and it reports when the user highlights text, and "
+"any notes the user enters."
+msgstr ""
+"å®çæ§ç¨æ·çæææä½ï¼æ¥åç¨æ·å¨çåªæ¬ä¹¦ãåªä¸é¡µãç¨æ·ä½æ¶é«äº®äºæå以åç¨æ·"
+"åäºä»ä¹æ³¨è®°ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
+msgid "It has DRM, which is intended to block users from sharing copies."
+msgstr "å®å¸¦æDRMï¼ç¨æ¥é»æ¢ç¨æ·å享æ·è´ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
+msgid ""
+"It has a back door with which Amazon can remotely erase any book. In 2009, "
+"it erased thousands of copies of 1984, by George Orwell."
+msgstr ""
+"å®å¸¦æä¸ä¸ªåé¨ï¼äºé©¬éå¯ä»¥ç¨å®æ¥å
é¤ä»»ä½ä¸æ¬ä¹¦ãå¨2009å¹´ï¼å®å é¤äºæ°å个ä¹æ²»Â·"
+"奥å¨å°èçã1984ãæ·è´ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
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+"In case all that isn't Orwellian enough, there is a universal back door with "
+"which Amazon can remotely change the software, and introduce any other form "
+"of nastiness."
+msgstr ""
+"å¦æè¿ä¸åè¿ä¸å¤å¥¥å¨å°å¼ï¼å®è¿å¸¦æä¸ä¸ªå
¨å±åé¨ï¼äºé©¬éå¯ä»¥ç¨å®è¿ç¨æ´æ¹è½¯ä»¶ï¼"
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¥ä»»æå
¶ä»å½¢å¼ç污秽ä¹ç©ã"
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+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
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+"Amazon's e-book distribution is oppressive, too. It identifies the user and "
+"records what books the user obtains. It also requires users to agree to an "
+"antisocial contract that they won't share copies with others. My conscience "
+"tells me that, if I had agreed to such a contract, the lesser evil would be "
+"to defy it and share copies anyway; however, to be entirely good, I should "
+"not agree to it in the first place. Therefore, I refuse to agree to such "
+"contracts, whether for software, for e-books, for music, or for anything "
+"else."
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+"äºé©¬éççµå书åå¸ä¹å
·æåè¿«æ§ãå®ç¡®è®¤ç¨æ·èº«ä»½å¹¶è®°å½ç¨æ·è·åäºä»ä¹ä¹¦ãå®è¿è¦"
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¶ä»ä»»ä½ä¸è¥¿ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
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+"If we want to stop the bad news and create some good news, we need to "
+"organize and fight. Subscribe to the FSF's <a href=\"http://"
+"defectivebydesign.org\"> Defective by Design</a> campaign to lend a hand. "
+"You can <a href=\"http://www.fsf.org/associate\">join the FSF</a> to support "
+"our work more generally. There is also a <a href=\"/help/help.html\">list "
+"of ways to participate in our work</a>."
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+"å¦æä½
æ³è¦é»æ¢è¿äºåæ¶æ¯å¹¶å建好æ¶æ¯ï¼é£ä¹æ们éè¦ç»ç»å¹¶ææèµ·æ¥ã请订é
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¥æ们工ä½çå表</a>ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><h3>
+msgid "References"
+msgstr "åèèµæ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"The administration's “White Paper”: Information Infrastructure "
+"Task Force, Intellectual Property [<a href=\"/philosophy/not-ipr.html\">sic</"
+"a>] and the National Information Infrastructure: The Report of the Working "
+"Group on Intellectual Property [sic] Rights (1995)."
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+"管ç“ç½ç®ä¹¦”ï¼ä¿¡æ¯åºç¡æ¶æç¹å«å°ç»ï¼ç¥è¯äº§æ[<a
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+"ï¼1995)ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
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+"<a href=\"http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.01/white.paper_pr.html\">An "
+"explanation of the White Paper: The Copyright Grab</a>, Pamela Samuelson, "
+"Wired, Jan. 1996"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.01/white.paper_pr.html\">å
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Samuelsonï¼è¿çº¿ï¼Wiredï¼ï¼1996å¹´1æ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
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+"<a href=\"http://www.law.duke.edu/boylesite/sold_out.htm\">Sold Out</a>, "
+"James Boyle, New York Times, 31 March 1996"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.law.duke.edu/boylesite/sold_out.htm\">å®ç½</a>ï¼James
"
+"Boyleï¼çº½çº¦æ¶æ¥ï¼1996å¹´3æ31æ¥ç"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
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+"<a href=\"http://web.archive.org/web/20130508120533/http://www.interesting-"
+"people.org/archives/interesting-people/199611/msg00012.html\">Public Data or "
+"Private Data</a>, Washington Post, 4 Nov 1996."
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://web.archive.org/web/20130508120533/http://www.interesting-"
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±æ°æ®è¿æ¯ç§"
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20151113122141/http://public-domain."
+"org/\">Union for the Public Domain</a>—an organization which aims to "
+"resist and reverse the overextension of copyright and patent powers."
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20151113122141/http://public-domain."
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±é¢åçèå</a>—ä¸ä¸ªæ¨å¨å对åæ转çæä¸ä¸å©æåè¿åº¦æ©å¼
çç»"
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><h4>
+msgid "Other Texts to Read"
+msgstr "å
¶ä»åé
èµæ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"/philosophy/philosophy.html\">Philosophy of the GNU Project</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"/philosophy/philosophy.html\">GNUå·¥ç¨çå²å¦</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.computerworld.com/article/2596679/networking/copy-"
+"protection--just-say-no.html\" id=\"copy-protection\">Copy Protection: Just "
+"Say No</a>, published in Computer World."
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.computerworld.com/article/2596679/networking/copy-"
+"protection--just-say-no.html\"
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+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"This essay is published in <a href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/product/free-"
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+msgstr ""
+"æ¬æå表äº<a
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+"\"><cite>èªç±è½¯ä»¶ï¼èªç±ä¸çï¼Richard M.
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+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+"<h3>è¯æ³¨</h3>\n"
+"<ol>\n"
+"<li id=\"TransNote1\">Tychoï¼ä¸ä¸ªèåçæçç¯å½¢å±±ã</li>\n"
+"<li id=\"TransNote2\">æ¬ææ¯ä¸ç¯é¢åæªæ¥çç§å¹»å°åæã</li>\n"
+"<li id=\"TransNote3\">Orweillianï¼å¥¥å¨å°å¼çãæç
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+"ï¼è¡ä¸ºï¼ãOrwellianè¯æºæ¯è±å½å°è¯´å®¶George
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+"</ol>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
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+"\"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other
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+"to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions "
+"can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden"
+"org></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"请å°æå
³èªç±è½¯ä»¶åºéä¼(FSF) & GNUçä¸è¬æ§é®é¢åéå°<a
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+"<a href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>ã"
+
+#
+#
+#
+#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#. replace it with the translation of these two:
+#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#. to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+#. <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. our web pages, see <a
+#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#. README</a>.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"è¥æ¨æ³ç¿»è¯æ¬æï¼è¯·åç<a
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³äºé¡¹ã"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1996, 2002, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, 2016 Richard "
+"Stallman"
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 1996, 2002, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2015, 2016 Richard "
+"Stallman"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://"
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"æ¬é¡µé¢ä½¿ç¨<a rel=\"license\"
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+"nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International "
+"License</a>ææã"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"<b>ç¿»è¯å¢é</b>ï¼<a rel=\"team\"
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+"www-zh-cn/\"><CTT></a>ï¼2017ã"
+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "æåæ´æ°ï¼"
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