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www/philosophy/po rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.po
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From: |
Therese Godefroy |
|
Subject: |
www/philosophy/po rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.po |
|
Date: |
Fri, 12 May 2017 05:08:02 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /webcvs/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Therese Godefroy <th_g> 17/05/12 05:08:02
Modified files:
philosophy/po : rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.po
Log message:
Unfuzzify.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.po?cvsroot=www&r1=1.6&r2=1.7
Patches:
Index: rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.po
===================================================================
RCS file: /webcvs/www/www/philosophy/po/rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.po,v
retrieving revision 1.6
retrieving revision 1.7
diff -u -b -r1.6 -r1.7
--- rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.po 22 Nov 2016 01:27:55 -0000 1.6
+++ rms-nyu-2001-transcript.tr.po 12 May 2017 09:08:02 -0000 1.7
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
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-"X-Outdated-Since: 2016-11-22 01:25+0000\n"
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# type: Content of: <title>
@@ -949,24 +948,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "So I had to work out the details of distribution. Of course, I put a "
-#| "copy in the anonymous FTP directory, and that was fine for people who "
-#| "were on the net They could then just pull over a tar file, but a lot of "
-#| "programmers then even were not on the net in 1985. They were sending me "
-#| "emails saying “How can I get a copy?” I had to decide what I "
-#| "would answer them. Well, I could have said, I want to spend my time "
-#| "writing more GNU software, not writing tapes, so please find a friend "
-#| "who's on the internet and who is willing to download it and put it on a "
-#| "tape for you. And I'm sure people would have found some friends, sooner "
-#| "or later, you know. They would have got copies. But I had no job. In "
-#| "fact, I've never had a job since quitting MIT in January 1984. So, I was "
-#| "looking for some way I could make money through my work on free software, "
-#| "and therefore I started a free software business. I announced, “"
-#| "Send me $150 dollars, and I'll mail you a tape of Emacs.” And the "
-#| "orders began dribbling in. By the middle of the year they were trickling "
-#| "in."
msgid ""
"So I had to work out the details of distribution. Of course, I put a copy "
"in the anonymous FTP directory, and that was fine for people who were on the "
@@ -1026,23 +1007,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "So, that was fine, but people used to ask me, “What do you mean "
-#| "it's free software if it costs $150 dollars?” <i>[Laughter]</i> "
-#| "Well, the reason they asked this was that they were confused by the "
-#| "multiple meanings of the English word “free”. One meaning "
-#| "refers to price, and another meaning refers to freedom. When I speak of "
-#| "free software, I'm referring to freedom, not price. So think of free "
-#| "speech, not free beer. <i>[Laughter]</i> Now, I wouldn't have dedicated "
-#| "so many years of my life to making sure programmers got less money. "
-#| "That's not my goal. I'm a programmer and I don't mind getting money "
-#| "myself. I won't dedicate my whole life to getting it, but I don't mind "
-#| "getting it. And I'm not — and therefore, ethics is the same for "
-#| "everyone. I'm not against some other programmer getting money either. I "
-#| "don't want prices to be low. That's not the issue at all. The issue is "
-#| "freedom. Freedom for everyone who's using software, whether that person "
-#| "be a programmer or not."
msgid ""
"So, that was fine, but people used to ask me, “What do you mean it's "
"free software if it costs $150?” <i>[Laughter]</i> Well, the reason "
@@ -1543,17 +1507,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Eventually, people noted this phenomenon. You see, in the 1980's a lot "
-#| "of us thought that maybe free software wouldn't be as good as the non-"
-#| "free software, because we wouldn't have as much money to pay people. "
-#| "And, of course, people like me, who value freedom and community said, "
-#| "“Well, we'll use the free software anyway.” It's worth making "
-#| "a little sacrifice in some mere technical convenience to have freedom. "
-#| "But what people began to note, around 1990 was that our software was "
-#| "actually better. It was more powerful, and more reliable, than the "
-#| "proprietary alternatives."
msgid ""
"Eventually, people noted this phenomenon. You see, in the 1980's a lot of "
"us thought that maybe free software wouldn't be as good as the nonfree "
@@ -1851,25 +1804,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "So, why do I define it in terms of whether it's free software for "
-#| "<em>you</em>? The reason is that sometimes the same program can be free "
-#| "software for some people, and non-free for others. Now, that might seem "
-#| "like a paradoxical situation, so let me give you an example to show you "
-#| "how it happens. A very big example — maybe the biggest ever "
-#| "— of this problem was the X Window System which was developed at "
-#| "MIT and released under a license that made it free software. If you got "
-#| "the MIT version with the MIT license, you had Freedoms One, Two, and "
-#| "Three. It was free software for you. But among those who got copies "
-#| "were various computer manufacturers that distributed Unix systems, and "
-#| "they made the necessary changes in X to run on their systems. You know, "
-#| "probably just a few thousand lines out of the hundreds of thousands of "
-#| "lines of X. And, then they compiled it, and they put the binaries into "
-#| "their Unix system and distributed it under the same non-disclosure "
-#| "agreement as the rest of the Unix system. And then, millions of people "
-#| "got these copies. They had the X Window System, but they had none of "
-#| "these freedoms. It was not free software for <em>them</em>."
msgid ""
"So, why do I define it in terms of whether it's free software for <em>you</"
"em>? The reason is that sometimes the same program can be free software for "
@@ -1934,17 +1868,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Well, in the GNU project, if that same thing had happened to GNU "
-#| "software, it would have been a failure, because our goal wasn't just to "
-#| "be popular; our goal was to give people liberty, and to encourage "
-#| "cooperation, to permit people to cooperate. Remember, never force anyone "
-#| "to cooperate with any other person, but make sure that everybody's "
-#| "allowed to cooperate, everyone has the freedom to do so, if he or she "
-#| "wishes. If millions of people were running non-free versions of GNU, "
-#| "that wouldn't be success at all. The whole thing would have been "
-#| "perverted into nothing like the goal."
msgid ""
"Well, in the GNU project, if that same thing had happened to GNU software, "
"it would have been a failure, because our goal wasn't just to be popular; "
@@ -2035,15 +1958,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "There are lots of people who don't appreciate the ideals of freedom. And "
-#| "they'd be very glad to take the work that we have done, and use it to get "
-#| "a head start in distributing a non-free program and tempting people to "
-#| "give up their freedom. And the result would be — you know, if we "
-#| "let people do that — that we would be developing these free "
-#| "programs, and we'd constantly have to compete with improved versions of "
-#| "our own programs. That's no fun."
msgid ""
"There are lots of people who don't appreciate the ideals of freedom. And "
"they'd be very glad to take the work that we have done, and use it to get a "
@@ -2080,16 +1994,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "But both of these groups of people — both the ones like me who say, "
-#| "“I don't want to help that non-free program to get a foothold in "
-#| "our community” and the ones that say, “Sure, I'd work for "
-#| "them, but then they better pay me” — both of us have a good "
-#| "reason to use the GNU General Public License. Because that says to that "
-#| "company, “You can't just take my work, and distribute it without "
-#| "the freedom.” Whereas, the non-copyleft licenses, like the X "
-#| "Windows license, do permit that."
msgid ""
"But both of these groups of people — both the ones like me who say, "
"“I don't want to help that nonfree program to get a foothold in our "
@@ -2111,14 +2015,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "So that is the big division between the two categories of free software "
-#| "— license-wise. There are the programs that are copylefted so that "
-#| "the license defends the freedom of the software for every user. And "
-#| "there are the non-copylefted programs for which non-free versions are "
-#| "allowed. Somebody <em>can</em> take those programs and strip off the "
-#| "freedom. You may get that program in a non-free version."
msgid ""
"So that is the big division between the two categories of free software "
"— license-wise. There are the programs that are copylefted so that "
@@ -2136,16 +2032,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "And that problem exists today. There are still non-free versions of X "
-#| "Windows being used on our free operating systems. There is even hardware "
-#| "— which is not really supported — except by a non-free "
-#| "version of X Windows. And that's a major problem in our community. "
-#| "Nonetheless, I wouldn't say that X Windows is a bad thing, you know. I'd "
-#| "say that the developers did not do the best possible thing that they "
-#| "could have done. But they <em>did</em> release a lot of software that we "
-#| "could all use."
msgid ""
"And that problem exists today. There are still nonfree versions of X "
"Windows being used on our free operating systems. There is even hardware "
@@ -2487,21 +2373,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "And, so, we were the ones whose — every little piece that didn't "
-#| "get done by somebody else, we did it. Because we knew that we wouldn't "
-#| "have a complete system without it. And even if it was totally boring and "
-#| "unromantic, like <code>tar</code> or <code>mv</code>. <i>[Laughter]</i> "
-#| "We did it. Or ld, you know there's nothing very exciting in <code>ld</"
-#| "code> — but I wrote one. <i>[Laughter]</i> And I did make efforts "
-#| "to have it do a minimal amount of disk I/O so that it would be faster and "
-#| "handle bigger programs. But, you know, I like to do a good job. I like "
-#| "to improve various things about the program while I'm doing it. But the "
-#| "reason that I did it wasn't that I had brilliant ideas for a better "
-#| "<code>ld</code>. The reason I did it is that we needed one that was "
-#| "free. And we couldn't expect anyone else to do it. So, we had to do it, "
-#| "or find someone to do it."
msgid ""
"And, so, we were the ones whose — every little piece that didn't get "
"done by somebody else, we did it. Because we knew that we wouldn't have a "
@@ -2690,18 +2561,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "If you look around in our community, you'll find that almost everywhere, "
-#| "the institutions are calling the system Linux. You know, reporters "
-#| "mostly call it Linux. It's not right, but they do. The companies mostly "
-#| "say it that package the system. Oh, and most of these reporters, when "
-#| "they write articles, they usually don't look at it as a political issue, "
-#| "or social issue. They're usually looking at it purely as a business "
-#| "question or what companies are going to succeed more or less, which is "
-#| "really a fairly minor question for society. And, if you look at the "
-#| "companies that package the GNU/Linux system for people to use, well, most "
-#| "of them call it Linux. And they <em>all</em> add non-free software to it."
msgid ""
"If you look around in our community, you'll find that almost everywhere, the "
"institutions are calling the system Linux. You know, reporters mostly call "
@@ -2727,25 +2586,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "See, the GNU GPL says that if you take code, and some code out of a GPL-"
-#| "covered program, and add some more code to make a bigger program, that "
-#| "whole program has to be released under the GPL. But you could put other "
-#| "separate programs on the same disk (of either kind, hard disk, or CD), "
-#| "and they can have other licenses. That's considered mere aggregation, "
-#| "and, essentially, just distributing two programs to somebody at the same "
-#| "time is not something we have any say over. So, in fact, it is not true "
-#| "— sometimes, I wish it were true — that if a company uses a "
-#| "GPL-covered program in a product that the whole product has to be free "
-#| "software. It's not — it doesn't go to that range — that "
-#| "scope. It's the whole program. If there are two separate programs that "
-#| "communicate with each other at arm's length — like by sending "
-#| "messages to each other — then, they're legally separate, in "
-#| "general. So, these companies, by adding non-free software to the system, "
-#| "are giving the users, philosophically and politically, a very bad idea. "
-#| "They're telling the users, “It is OK to use non-free software. "
-#| "We're even putting it on this as a bonus.”"
msgid ""
"See, the GNU GPL says that if you take code, and some code out of a GPL-"
"covered program, and add some more code to make a bigger program, that whole "
@@ -2784,15 +2624,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "If you look at the magazines about the use of the GNU/Linux system, most "
-#| "of them have a title like “Linux-something or other”. So "
-#| "they're calling the system Linux most of the time. And they're filled "
-#| "with ads for non-free software that you could run on top of the GNU/Linux "
-#| "system. Now those ads have a common message. They say: Non-free "
-#| "Software Is Good For You. It's So Good That You Might Even <em>Pay</em> "
-#| "To Get It. <i>[Laughter]</i>"
msgid ""
"If you look at the magazines about the use of the GNU/Linux system, most of "
"them have a title like “Linux-something or other”. So they're "
@@ -2833,19 +2664,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "And then if you look at the trade shows — about the use of the, "
-#| "dedicated to the use of, the GNU/Linux system, they all call themselves "
-#| "“Linux” shows. And they're filled with booths exhibiting non-"
-#| "free software, essentially putting the seal of approval on the non-free "
-#| "software. So, almost everywhere you look in our community, the "
-#| "institutions are endorsing the non-free software, totalling negating the "
-#| "idea of freedom that GNU was developed for. And the only place that "
-#| "people are likely to come across the idea of freedom is in connection "
-#| "with GNU, and in connection with free software, the term, free software. "
-#| "So this is why I ask you: please call the system GNU/Linux. Please make "
-#| "people aware where the system came from and why."
msgid ""
"And then if you look at the trade shows — about the use of the, "
"dedicated to the use of, the GNU/Linux system, they all call themselves "
@@ -3216,16 +3034,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Archivists are finding a problem now, that files written on computers ten "
-#| "years ago often can't be accessed; they were written with proprietary "
-#| "software that's essentially lost now. If it were written with free "
-#| "software, then it could be brought up-to-date and run. And those things "
-#| "would not, those records would not be lost, would not be inaccessible. "
-#| "They were even complaining about this on NPR recently in citing free "
-#| "software as a solution. And so, in effect, by using a non-free program "
-#| "to store your own data, you are putting your head in a noose."
msgid ""
"Archivists are finding a problem now, that files written on computers ten "
"years ago often can't be accessed; they were written with proprietary "
@@ -3346,24 +3154,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "But, 1990 was when the first corporation free software business was "
-#| "formed, which was Cygnus Support. And their business was to do, "
-#| "essentially, the same kind of thing that I'd been doing. I certainly "
-#| "could have worked for them, if I had needed to do that. Since I didn't "
-#| "need to, I felt it was good for the movement if I remained independent of "
-#| "any one company. That way, I could say good and bad things about the "
-#| "various free software and non-free software companies, without a conflict "
-#| "of interest. I felt that I could serve the movement more. But, if I had "
-#| "needed that to make a living, sure, I would have worked for them. It's "
-#| "an ethical business to be in. No reason I would have felt ashamed to "
-#| "take a job with them. And that company was profitable in its first "
-#| "year. It was formed with very little capital, just the money its three "
-#| "founders had. And it kept growing every year and being profitable every "
-#| "year until they got greedy, and looked for outside investors, and then "
-#| "they messed things up. But it was several years of success, before they "
-#| "got greedy."
msgid ""
"But, 1990 was when the first corporation free software business was formed, "
"which was Cygnus Support. And their business was to do, essentially, the "
@@ -3399,21 +3189,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "So, this illustrates one of the exciting things about free software. "
-#| "Free software demonstrates that you don't need to raise capital to "
-#| "develop free software. I mean, it's useful; it <em>can</em> help. You "
-#| "know, if you do raise some capital, you can hire people and have them "
-#| "write a bunch of software. But you can get a lot done with a small "
-#| "number of people. And, in fact, the tremendous efficiency of the process "
-#| "of developing free software is one of the reasons it's important for the "
-#| "world to switch to free software. And it also belies what Microsoft says "
-#| "when they say the GNU GPL is bad, because it makes it harder for them to "
-#| "raise capital to develop non-free software and take our free software and "
-#| "put our code into their programs that they won't share with us. "
-#| "Basically, we don't need to have them raising capital that way. We'll "
-#| "get the job done anyway. We are getting the job done."
msgid ""
"So, this illustrates one of the exciting things about free software. Free "
"software demonstrates that you don't need to raise capital to develop free "
@@ -3677,17 +3452,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Now, the interesting thing is that selling those services doesn't raise "
-#| "the ethical issue of free software or non-free software. It might be "
-#| "perfectly fine for them to have the business for those businesses selling "
-#| "those services over the net to exist. However, what Microsoft is "
-#| "planning to do is to use them to achieve an even greater lock, an even "
-#| "greater monopoly, on the software and the services, and this was "
-#| "described in an article, I believe in Business Week, recently. And, "
-#| "other people said that it is turning the net into the Microsoft Company "
-#| "Town."
msgid ""
"Now, the interesting thing is that selling those services doesn't raise the "
"ethical issue of free software or nonfree software. It might be perfectly "
@@ -4087,11 +3851,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "<strong>STALLMAN</strong>: Oh, it shouldn't be. I mean, the government "
-#| "should never require citizens to use a non-free program to access, to "
-#| "communicate with the government in any way, in either direction."
msgid ""
"<strong>STALLMAN</strong>: Oh, it shouldn't be. I mean, the government "
"should never require citizens to use a nonfree program to access, to "
@@ -4150,19 +3909,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "Let me respond to this. I want to get to the point, for the sake of "
-#| "getting in more. So, yes. There has been a terrible tendency for people "
-#| "to use Netscape Navigator on their GNU/Linux systems. And, in fact all "
-#| "the commercially packaged systems come with it. So this is an ironic "
-#| "situation: we worked so hard to make a free operating system, and now, if "
-#| "you go to the store, and you can find versions of GNU/Linux there, most "
-#| "of them are called Linux, and they're not free. Oh, well, part of them "
-#| "is. But then, there's Netscape Navigator, and maybe other non-free "
-#| "programs as well. So, it's very hard to actually find a free system, "
-#| "unless you know what you're doing. Or, of course, you can not install "
-#| "Netscape Navigator."
msgid ""
"Let me respond to this. I want to get to the point, for the sake of getting "
"in more. So, yes. There has been a terrible tendency for people to use "
@@ -4368,10 +4114,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "<strong>QUESTION</strong>: Can you talk a little bit more about the "
-#| "thinking that went into the general public license?"
msgid ""
"<strong>QUESTION</strong>: Can you talk a little bit more about the thinking "
"that went into the General Public License?"
@@ -4434,19 +4176,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "But the other issue I was thinking about was, I wanted to give the "
-#| "community a feeling that it was not a doormat, a feeling that it was not "
-#| "prey to any parasite who would wander along. If you don't use copyleft, "
-#| "you are essentially saying: <i>[speaking meekly]</i> “Take my "
-#| "code. Do what you want. I don't say no.” So, anybody can come "
-#| "along and say: <i>[speaking very firmly]</i> “Ah, I want to make a "
-#| "non-free version of this. I'll just take it.” And, then, of "
-#| "course, they probably make some improvements, those non-free versions "
-#| "might appeal to users, and replace the free versions. And then, what "
-#| "have you accomplished? You've only made a donation to some proprietary "
-#| "software project."
msgid ""
"But the other issue I was thinking about was, I wanted to give the community "
"a feeling that it was not a doormat, a feeling that it was not prey to any "
@@ -4640,11 +4369,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "<strong>QUESTION</strong>: Except, considering X, in particular, about "
-#| "two years ago, the X Consortium that was far into the non-free open "
-#| "source…"
msgid ""
"<strong>QUESTION</strong>: Except, considering X, in particular, about two "
"years ago, the X Consortium that was far into the nonfree open source…"
@@ -4787,14 +4511,6 @@
# type: Content of: <p>
#. type: Content of: <p>
-#, fuzzy
-#| msgid ""
-#| "But yes, I think all published software should be free software. And "
-#| "remember, when it's not free software, that's because of government "
-#| "intervention. The government is intervening to make it non-free. The "
-#| "government is creating special legal powers to hand out to the owners of "
-#| "the programs, so that they can have the police stop us from using the "
-#| "programs in certain ways. So I would certainly like to end that."
msgid ""
"But yes, I think all published software should be free software. And "
"remember, when it's not free software, that's because of government "
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