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www/philosophy/po greve-clown.ru.po
From: |
Pavel Kharitonov |
Subject: |
www/philosophy/po greve-clown.ru.po |
Date: |
Thu, 4 May 2017 11:45:01 -0400 (EDT) |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Pavel Kharitonov <ineiev> 17/05/04 11:45:01
Added files:
philosophy/po : greve-clown.ru.po
Log message:
New translation.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/greve-clown.ru.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: greve-clown.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: greve-clown.ru.po
diff -N greve-clown.ru.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ greve-clown.ru.po 4 May 2017 15:45:00 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,770 @@
+# Russian translation of http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/greve-clown.html
+# Copyright (C) 1998 Georg C. F. Greve
+# Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Ineiev <address@hidden>, 2017
+# kafeman, 2017 (proofreading)
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: greve-clown.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-02-20 10:26+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-05-02 06:37+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Ineiev <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language: ru\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"History and Philosophy of the GNU Project - GNU Project - Free Software "
+"Foundation"
+msgstr "ÐÑÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑилоÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU - ÐÑоекÑ
GNU - Фонд Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного
обеÑпеÑениÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "History and Philosophy of the GNU Project"
+msgstr "ÐÑÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑилоÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<strong>Georg C. F. Greve</strong> <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><"
+"address@hidden></a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐеоÑг ÐÑеве</strong> <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<em>Translation of a speech that was given in German at the CLOWN (Cluster "
+"of Working Nodes— a 512-node cluster project of Debian GNU/Linux "
+"machines) in the University of Paderborn, Germany, on December 5th, 1998.</"
+"em>"
+msgstr ""
+"<em>ÐеÑевод ÑеÑи, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð±Ñла пÑоизнеÑена
в CLOWN (<span lang=\"en\" "
+"xml:lang=\"en\">Cluster of working nodes</span> — "
+"ÐлаÑÑеÑе ÑабоÑиÑ
Ñзлов — пÑоекÑе
512-Ñзлового клаÑÑеÑа маÑин под Debian GNU/"
+"Linux) в ÐадеÑбоÑнÑком ÑнивеÑÑиÑеÑе
(ÐеÑманиÑ).</em>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<em>The <a href=\"/philosophy/greve-clown.de.html\">German original</a> is "
+"also available. Reading the original is recommended.</em>"
+msgstr ""
+"<em>ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже <a href=\"/philosophy/greve-clown.de.html"
+"\">немеÑкий оÑигинал</a>. РекомендÑеÑÑÑ
ÑиÑаÑÑ Ð² оÑигинале.</em>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"Author's note: In translating this speech, I have tried to stay as close as "
+"possible to the original speech that I have given in German. Breaking up the "
+"German structures and turning them into reasonable English has been quite "
+"some work, and I would like to thank my roommate Doug Chapin, a good friend "
+"and native American, who helped me with some phrases and words. The "
+"translation will never hold the same emotions and implications, but I think "
+"we got very close…"
+msgstr ""
+"<em>ÐамеÑание авÑоÑа</em>. ÐÑи пеÑеводе ÑÑой
ÑеÑи Ñ Ð¿ÑÑалÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ возможноÑÑи ÑоÑно "
+"воÑпÑоизвеÑÑи оÑигинал, коÑоÑÑй Ñ
пÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾-немеÑки. РазбиÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¼ÐµÑкие "
+"пеÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸ обÑаÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
в
ÑдовлеÑвоÑиÑелÑнÑй английÑкий бÑло не
Ñак-Ñо пÑоÑÑо, "
+"и Ñ Ñ
оÑел Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑиÑÑ Ñвоего ÑоÑеда
по комнаÑе ÐÑга Чапина, моего дÑÑга "
+"и пÑиÑодного амеÑиканÑа, коÑоÑÑй помогал
мне Ñ Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾ÑоÑÑми ÑÑазами и Ñловами. "
+"ÐеÑевод, конеÑно не оÑÑÐ°Ð·Ð¸Ñ Ð²ÑеÑ
ÑмоÑий и
подÑекÑÑов, но Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ "
+"подоÑли к ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¾..."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"During the preparation of this speech, I have read several documents and "
+"spoken to a lot of people. In doing so, I realized that even people whose "
+"jobs have been created more or less directly by the GNU Project did not know "
+"its true meaning. In the overall rush we are experiencing at the moment, it "
+"seems that a basic awareness of the roots has been lost. Tonight I hope I'll "
+"be able to uncover some of those roots again."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾Ñовки к ÑÑой ÑеÑи Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑел
неÑколÑко докÑменÑов и поговоÑил Ñо "
+"многими лÑдÑми. РпÑоÑеÑÑе ÑÑого Ñ
оÑознал, ÑÑо даже Ñе, ÑÑи ÑабоÑие меÑÑа "
+"бÑли ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ или менее
непоÑÑедÑÑвенно пÑоекÑом GNU, не понимаÑÑ
его "
+"наÑÑоÑÑего знаÑениÑ. ÐажеÑÑÑ, в ÑÑловиÑÑ
вÑеобÑего ÑнÑÑзиазма ÑаÑÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ "
+"ÑÑ
оÑонилаÑÑ Ð² коÑнÑÑ
. Ð¡ÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑеÑом Ñ
надеÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð°Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÑ ÑакиÑ
коÑней."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The origin lies somewhere in the transition from the 70's to the 80's, when "
+"the software industry became what we accept so willingly today. In the "
+"initial competition, some firms took to hording code as a survival strategy. "
+"While attempting to support this behavior's legality, they created phrases "
+"like “software piracy” because they suggest that something is "
+"lost when software is copied. People were forced to yield to licenses that "
+"bound them, to make sure that no one else had access to these programs."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐаÑало Ð»ÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ñ Ð³Ð´Ðµ-Ñо Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑемидеÑÑÑÑми и
воÑÑмидеÑÑÑÑми, когда пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"пÑомÑÑленноÑÑÑ ÑÑала Ñем, ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ ÑейÑаÑ
Ñак легко пÑинимаем. РнаÑале "
+"конкÑÑенÑии некоÑоÑÑе ÑиÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÑинÑли
ÑкÑÑвание иÑÑ
одного ÑекÑÑа как ÑÑÑаÑÐµÐ³Ð¸Ñ "
+"вÑживаниÑ. ÐÑÑаÑÑÑ ÑÑидиÑеÑки оÑоÑмиÑÑ
Ñакое поведение, они Ñоздали Ñакие "
+"ÑÑазÑ, как “пиÑаÑÑкие копии
пÑогÑамм“, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо они "
+"подÑазÑмеваÑÑ, ÑÑо когда пÑогÑаммÑ
копиÑÑÑÑ, ÑÑо-Ñо ÑеÑÑеÑÑÑ. ÐÑдей "
+"вÑнÑждали ÑоглаÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° лиÑензии,
коÑоÑÑе обÑзÑвали иÑ
пÑинимаÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÑ, "
+"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð¸ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ дÑÑгого болÑÑе не бÑло
доÑÑÑпа к ÑÑим пÑогÑаммам."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"When a friend asked you whether he could copy a program from you, you "
+"immediately faced a dilemma. There are no disadvantages for you in copying "
+"the program, and it doesn't deteriorate during the copying process. It would "
+"be more restrictive if he asked you to pass the salt, since you can't both "
+"use it at the same time. The politics of the companies forced you to "
+"<em>choose</em> between legality and friendship."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðогда пÑиÑÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑил Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ
пÑогÑаммÑ, Ð²Ñ ÑÑÑ Ð¶Ðµ оказÑвалиÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑед "
+"дилеммой. ÐÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑно, ÑÑо копиÑование не
изнаÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — "
+"Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐµ пÑи ÑÑом ниÑколÑко не ÑбÑдеÑ...
попÑоÑи он ÑолонкÑ, Ñ Ð±Ñ ÐµÑе "
+"подÑмал, Ð²ÐµÐ´Ñ Ñ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ðµ-Ñо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ ÐµÑ
воÑполÑзоваÑÑÑÑ. "
+"ÐолиÑика компаний вÑнÑждала ваÑ
<em>вÑбиÑаÑÑ</em> Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ "
+"дÑÑжбой."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"A lot of people were upset about this, and most of them copied the program "
+"anyway—very often using lame excuses that were mostly aimed at calming "
+"their own troubled consciousness (induced by the firms' choice of words). "
+"The absolute hit was probably “If I would use it more often I would "
+"pay it,” a phrase that probably everyone caught himself using if he "
+"ever had to rely on proprietary software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐногиÑ
ÑÑо вÑводило из ÑебÑ, и болÑÑинÑÑво
вÑе Ñавно копиÑовало "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — заÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´
ÑомниÑелÑнÑми пÑедлогами, коÑоÑÑе "
+"наÑ
одилиÑÑ Ð² оÑновном Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾ÑиÑÑки
ÑовеÑÑи, обеÑпокоенной ÑоÑмÑлиÑовками "
+"ÑиÑмÑ. ÐавеÑное, ÑаÑе вÑего ÑÑо бÑло
“еÑли Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзовалÑÑ ÐµÑ ÑаÑе, Ñ "
+"Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñил” — навеÑное, каждÑй
ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð» на Ñакой мÑÑли, "
+"еÑли ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑолÑко пÑиÑ
одилоÑÑ Ð½ÑждаÑÑÑÑ Ð²
неÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"One man found this situation unbearable. Used to the early days, the (as he "
+"says himself) “paradise,” where freedom and responsible use of "
+"the possibilities determined the situation, Richard Stallman envisioned the "
+"concept of a completely free system. Very quickly it became clear that this "
+"system would be Unix-compatible and it was baptized—recursive acronyms "
+"were very popular back then—GNU, which means “GNU's Not Unix."
+"” Stallman gathered some people who shared his fascination with a free "
+"system, and founded the GNU Free Software Foundation, of which he is still "
+"the president today."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðдин Ñеловек ÑÑиÑал Ñакое положение
невÑноÑимÑм. ÐÑивÑкнÑв в Ñанние Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ðº "
+"(как он Ñам говоÑиÑ) “Ñає, в коÑоÑом
положение опÑеделÑли "
+"Ñвобода и Ñ
озÑйÑÑвенное пÑименение
возможноÑÑей, РиÑаÑд СÑолмен ÑоÑÑавил "
+"конÑепÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ñвободной ÑиÑÑемÑ.
ÐÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑкоÑо ÑÑало ÑÑно, ÑÑо ÑÑа "
+"ÑиÑÑема бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑовмеÑÑима Ñ Unix, и ее
окÑеÑÑили GNU — в Ñо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð±Ñли "
+"оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿ÑлÑÑÐ½Ñ ÑекÑÑÑивнÑе
ÑокÑаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ — GNU, ÑÑо знаÑÐ¸Ñ “"
+"GNU не Unix”. "
+"СÑолмен ÑобÑал лÑдей, ÑазделÑвÑиÑ
его
ÑвлеÑение Ñвободной ÑиÑÑемой, и "
+"оÑновал Фонд Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного
обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ GNU, пÑедÑедаÑелем "
+"коÑоÑого он и понÑне ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Since first of all a Unix system requires a large set of components, it "
+"became clear that these were the the first step towards a completely free "
+"system. The GNU FSF worked on implementing them, and by the beginning of the "
+"90's the GNU system was complete (with the exception of the kernel). The "
+"GNU kernel—project name “Hurd”—has an extremely "
+"ambitious layout that proved to be very slow and clumsy in development. "
+"Fortunately, at this point Linus Torvalds' first Linux kernel was in the "
+"test phase, and when he saw the work already done by the GNU FSF, he put his "
+"kernel under the GNU GPL and made it the kernel of the GNU system."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐоÑколÑÐºÑ Ð¿Ñежде вÑего ÑиÑÑема Unix ÑÑебÑеÑ
болÑÑого набоÑа компоненÑов, "
+"бÑло ÑÑно, ÑÑо они и бÑдÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑвÑм Ñагом к
полноÑÑÑÑ Ñвободной ÑиÑÑеме. ФСÐÐ "
+"GNU ÑабоÑал над иÑ
ÑеализаÑией, и к наÑалÑ
девÑноÑÑÑÑ
ÑиÑÑема GNU бÑла "
+"гоÑова (за иÑклÑÑением ÑдÑа). "
+"ЯдÑо GNU — пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ названием
“Hurd” — "
+"поÑÑавил кÑайне ÑмелÑе Ñели, и оказалоÑÑ,
ÑÑо иÑ
доÑÑижение оÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÑдоемко "
+"и Ñложно. Ð ÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, в ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑвое
ÑдÑо Linux ÐинÑÑа ТоÑвалÑдÑа бÑло "
+"в Ñазе иÑпÑÑаний, а когда он Ñвидел, какÑÑ
ÑабоÑÑ Ð¿Ñоделал ФСÐÐ GNU, он "
+"помеÑÑил Ñвое ÑдÑо под GNU GPL и Ñделал его
ÑдÑом ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"There is no need to tell the rest of the story since most of us have "
+"experienced it themselves."
+msgstr ""
+"Я не бÑÐ´Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑказÑваÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐµÑ ÑÑой иÑÑоÑии,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо болÑÑинÑÑво из Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñами "
+"бÑли ее ÑÑаÑÑниками."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"A little earlier I said that Richard Stallman envisioned the concept of free "
+"software. What I didn't tell you about was the philosophy that stands behind "
+"it."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðемного ÑанÑÑе Ñ Ñказал, ÑÑо РиÑаÑд
СÑолмен ÑоÑÑавил конÑепÑÐ¸Ñ ÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамм — но к ÑилоÑоÑии, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð·Ð°
ÑÑим ÑÑоиÑ, "
+"Ñ Ñак и не подобÑалÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The word “free” in “free software” does not refer to "
+"price, but to freedom. This is no unproblematic topic, and recently some of "
+"the visionaries of the movement (like Eric Raymond) have begun to talk "
+"about “open source” because “freedom” has an uneasy "
+"sound to it for most people. Freedom rings of “making world a better "
+"place,” and insecurity. It rings of change, and change frightens many "
+"people. To numb this fear, other licenses for free software have been "
+"invented in order to make the concept digestible for more people and to "
+"avoid scaring the industry."
+msgstr ""
+"“СвободнÑй” в вÑÑажении
“ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммє "
+"оÑноÑиÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ к Ñене, а к Ñвободе. ТÑÑ ÐµÑÑÑ
Ñвои пÑоблемÑ, и в поÑледнее "
+"вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ðµ-кÑо из коÑиÑеев движениÑ
(Ñкажем, ÐÑик Реймонд) ÑÑали говоÑиÑÑ Ð¾ "
+"“оÑкÑÑÑом иÑÑ
одном ÑекÑÑе”, поÑомÑ
ÑÑо “Ñвобода” "
+"болÑÑинÑÑÐ²Ñ Ð»Ñдей ÑÐµÐ¶ÐµÑ ÑлÑÑ
. Свобода
ÑÑÐµÐ·Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ “ÑлÑÑÑении "
+"миÑа” и небезопаÑноÑÑи. Ðна ÑÑÐµÐ·Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾
пеÑеменаÑ
, а пеÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
"
+"пÑгаÑÑ. С ÑелÑÑ Ð¿ÑиÑÑпиÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÑÑаÑ
пÑидÑмали дÑÑгие лиÑензии ÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамм, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑепÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¾
ÑÑвоиÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑе лÑдей и ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
+"оÑпÑгнÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑедпÑиÑÑиÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"That is the reason why the GNU Project dislikes the term “open source."
+"” We think it makes more sense to take away people's fears of the idea "
+"instead of blurring the concept. Only if users and firms are aware of the "
+"importance of freedom can we avoid falling back into old patterns."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð² пÑоекÑе GNU недолÑбливаÑÑ
вÑÑажение “оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
однÑй "
+"ÑекÑÑ”. ÐÑ Ð´Ñмаем, ÑÑо лÑÑÑе боÑоÑÑÑÑ Ñ
непÑиÑÑием лÑдÑми ÑÑой идеи, "
+"Ñем ÑазмÑваÑÑ ÐµÐµ. ТолÑко еÑли
полÑзоваÑели и ÑиÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¾ÑознаÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
ÑвободÑ,"
+"— ÑолÑко Ñогда Ð¼Ñ Ñможем избежаÑÑ
возвÑаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ðº ÑÑаÑÑм ÑоÑмам."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The philosophy of the GNU Project says that <em>everyone</em> shall have the "
+"granted right to use a program, to copy it, and to change it to make it fit "
+"his or her needs. The <em>only</em> restriction the GNU General Public "
+"License makes, is that <em>NO ONE</em> has the right to take away this "
+"freedom from anyone else."
+msgstr ""
+"ФилоÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU ÑÑвеÑждаеÑ, ÑÑо
<em>каждомÑ</em> должно "
+"пÑедоÑÑавлÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñаво полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммой, копиÑоваÑÑ ÐµÐµ, а Ñакже "
+"пÑавиÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ Ñвои нÑждÑ. <em>ÐдинÑÑвенное</em>
огÑаниÑение, коÑоÑое ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¸Ñ "
+"СÑандаÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑеÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ GNU,
ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñом, ÑÑо <em>никÑо</em> не "
+"впÑаве оÑнимаÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð¸ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
дÑÑгого."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"When an author puts his code under the GNU GPL, the freedom is an "
+"inseparable part of his program. Of course, this is a thorn in the side of a "
+"lot of business'es eyes because it stops them from taking the code, "
+"modifying it, and then selling it as a proprietary program. As long as there "
+"are people who try to live the dream of instant wealth, it is this freedom "
+"that stops firms like Microsoft from corrupting the future development of "
+"our system."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðогда авÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑил Ñвои пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ GNU
GPL, Ñвобода "
+"ÑвÑзана Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ неоÑделимо. ÐонеÑно, многим
пÑедпÑиÑÑиÑм ÑÑо как коÑÑÑ "
+"в гоÑле, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑÑо не Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¸Ð¼ взÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ, измениÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
, а поÑом "
+"пÑодаваÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑми. Ðока еÑÑÑ Ð»Ñди,
коÑоÑÑе лелеÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¾ ÑкоÑом "
+"богаÑÑÑве, именно ÑÑа Ñвобода не даеÑ
Ñаким ÑиÑмам, как Microsoft, изгадиÑÑ "
+"бÑдÑÑее ÑазвиÑие наÑей ÑиÑÑемÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The most used argument against the GNU philosophy is probably that software "
+"is the “intellectual property” of the programmer, and it is only "
+"right if he can decide the price for which the program is distributed. This "
+"argument is easy to understand for everyone, since it is exactly what we "
+"have been told to believe during the last 20 years."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐавеÑное, ÑаÑе вÑего пÑоÑив ÑилоÑоÑии GNU
пÑиводÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð°ÑгÑменÑ, ÑÑо "
+"пÑогÑамма пÑедÑÑавлÑеÑ
“инÑеллекÑÑалÑнÑÑ ÑобÑÑвенноÑÑÑ” "
+"пÑогÑаммиÑÑа, и еÑли он Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÑеделÑÑÑ
ÑенÑ, по коÑоÑой ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑеÑÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑамма, Ñо ÑÑо ÑолÑко ÑпÑаведливо. ÐÑоÑ
аÑгÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ñе легко понимаÑÑ, "
+"поÑколÑÐºÑ Ð² ÑÑо-Ñо Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¸ пÑиÑÑали веÑиÑÑ
поÑледние 20 леÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Reality is a little different, though. Private programmers who can live off "
+"selling self-written software are the exception. Usually they give their "
+"rights to the firm they work at, and this firm earns the money by "
+"restricting access to that program. Effectively, the firm has the rights for "
+"that program and decides it's price, not the programmer."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðднако ÑеалÑноÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ не Ñакова.
ÐÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ-ÑаÑÑники, коÑоÑÑе могÑÑ "
+"заÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммами, коÑоÑÑе
они же и пиÑÑÑ,— ÑÑо "
+"иÑклÑÑение. ÐбÑÑно они оÑдаÑÑ Ñвои пÑава
ÑиÑме, в коÑоÑой ÑабоÑаÑÑ, а ÑÑа "
+"ÑиÑма заÑабаÑÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñги, огÑаниÑиваÑ
доÑÑÑп к ÑÑой пÑогÑамме. ФакÑиÑеÑки "
+"Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¿Ñавами на ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"A lawyer who invents an especially brilliant strategy has no right to claim "
+"it as his “intellectual property.” The method is freely "
+"available to anyone. Why do we so willingly accept the concept that every "
+"line of code—no matter how poorly written or uninspired it may "
+"be—is so unique and incredibly personal? The zeal for control has "
+"taken over in a way that even human genes are subject to patents… "
+"although usually not by the people who “use” them. Should really "
+"<em>everything</em> be allowed to be patented and licensed?"
+msgstr ""
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+"лиÑензиÑоваÑÑ Ð±ÑквалÑно <em>вÑе</em>?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This is the question that is one of the core thoughts of the GNU Project. "
+"Let us just imagine there would be no such concept as patented software, or "
+"patenting software would be unusual because everyone published his programs "
+"under the GNU GPL."
+msgstr ""
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+"Ñвои пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ GNU GPL."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Solutions for standard problems that had to be solved over and over again "
+"can be accessed easily. No one has to waste his time ever again to work on "
+"the same problem dozens of times—programmers could search for new ways "
+"and approach new problems. If a group of users needs a certain feature in a "
+"program, they just hire a programmer and let him implement it. Freed of the "
+"limitations of licenses and money, only two criteria would determine the "
+"development of programs: demand and quality."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Speaking of quality—nowadays more and more firms realize that allowing "
+"the users to access the source code gives them a huge advantage. To say it "
+"in a simple way: more eyes can see more. Solutions that are unimaginable for "
+"one person are painfully obvious for someone else. Due to this advantage, "
+"free software is very often so much better than its proprietary "
+"counterpart. The train of thought that now appears to be establishing "
+"itself within some firms is to give users access to the source code but not "
+"grant any other rights. Improvements are obediently being sent back to the "
+"firm, which advances its product with them. Basically a gigantic gratis "
+"development division. If we do not pay attention to these things <em>now</"
+"em>, it might happen that in 5 years we will have to pay for a version that "
+"has been produced by applying our own patch."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+"The concept of software as “intellectual property” carries the "
+"seed of doom inside itself (please forgive me for the pathos here). As long "
+"as we accept this concept, we accept the danger that another firm will "
+"attempt to take control. Microsoft is <em>not</em> evil incarnated, as some "
+"people seem to perceive. Microsoft is <em>the natural consequence</em> of "
+"the widely accepted system."
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+"ÑиÑоко пÑинÑÑой ÑиÑÑемÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The fear of sawing the branch you're sitting on is also commonly spread, but "
+"completely irrational. Better programs lead to more users that have other "
+"needs and new ideas, creating more demand. The structure will change to fit "
+"the new situation but work will increase rather than decrease, and it will "
+"become less routine, hence more interesting."
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+"инÑеÑеÑной."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The last common fear that remains is the fear over lack of recognition. "
+"Well, the respect held for the frontmen of the different philosophies speaks "
+"for itself. I on my part would prefer to be as respected as Linus Torvalds "
+"or Richard Stallman than to have the reputation of Bill Gates."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðз обÑÑнÑÑ
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+"ÐейÑÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Admittedly, this does sound like bettering the world and idealism, but a lot "
+"of the really great ideas were driven by the wish to make the world a little "
+"better."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"And to settle one point very clearly: no, the GNU Project is not against "
+"capitalism or firms in general, and it is not against software firms in "
+"particular. We do not want to diminish the potential for profit, quite the "
+"contrary. Every firm is being told to make as much money as they can off the "
+"sale of software, documentation and service—as long as they stick to "
+"the basic principles of Free Software. The more these firms earn, the more "
+"they can invest into the development of new software. We do not want to "
+"destroy the market, we just want to fit it to the times."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"One short note about the basic principles: of course free software also "
+"requires free documentation. It doesn't make any sense to free the successor "
+"of the book—software—while accepting control of the direct "
+"digital equivalent. Free documentation is as important as free software "
+"itself."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+"Maybe someone discarded my statement about seeking to “fit the market "
+"to the times” as a rhetorical statement, but it is an important point "
+"in the GNU Philosophy: the time when software was only relevant for a few "
+"freaks and some firms is long gone. Nowadays, software is the pathway to "
+"information. A system that blocks the pathways to information, and in doing "
+"so the access to information itself, <em>must</em> be reconsidered."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"When Eric Raymond published the so called “Halloween Document,” "
+"it triggered emotions from euphoria to paranoia. For those of you who did "
+"not read it: it is a Microsoft internal study in which the strengths and "
+"weaknesses of free software in general, and Linux in particular, are "
+"analyzed. The author basically concluded that Microsoft has two "
+"possibilities to counter the threat."
+msgstr ""
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+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+"documenting them only poorly or not at all, so that only Windows-based "
+"machines will have a working implementation."
+msgstr ""
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+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+"One example of this tactic is the protocol used by HP “Cxi” "
+"printers, which have entered the market as extremely cheap “Windows-"
+"Printers.” The specifications have only been given to Microsoft, so "
+"these printers are not usable by any other system."
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+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+"I have been told by a “professionally trained” computer "
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+"needs a very special kind of RAM, which only Windows machines have; this is "
+"why it cannot be used under Linux. Something like this confuses the typical "
+"user, which brings me directly to the second described tactic."
+msgstr ""
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+"These tactics are usually gathered under the acronym “FUD” (Fear "
+"Uncertainty Doubt), and were used by IBM long before Microsoft uncovered "
+"them. The idea is clear: if you make someone uncertain enough, he or she "
+"will not dare make <em>any</em> decision, effectively remaining in his or "
+"her current position. That is the thought."
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+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
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+msgstr ""
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+"” Telling both concepts apart is not an easy task, even for most "
+"insiders, and it is only understandable if viewed in a historical context. "
+"Since this is a central point, I'd like to say a few words about it."
+msgstr ""
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+
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+"With the completion of the GNU system with the Linux kernel, there was "
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+"raise the public's attention sooner or later."
+msgstr ""
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+"внимание обÑеÑÑва."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"When this attention came, a lot of firms were disconcerted by the word "
+"“free.” The first association was “no money,” which "
+"immediately meant “no profit” for them. When people then tried "
+"to tell them that “free” truly stands for “freedom,” "
+"they were completely shaken."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðогда ÑÑо внимание бÑло пÑивлеÑено, маÑÑÑ
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+"“ÑвободнÑй”. ÐеÑвой аÑÑоÑиаÑией
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+"ÑвободÑ, они бÑвали ÑжаÑно поÑÑÑÑенÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Infected by this insecurity and doubt, the idea arose to avoid words like "
+"“free” and “freedom” at all costs. The term “"
+"open source” was born."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑи опаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÑаÑ
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+"“ÑвободнÑй” и “Ñвобода”. Ð
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+"“оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Admittedly it is easier to sell the idea if you use the term “open "
+"source” instead of “free software.” But the consequence is "
+"that the “newbies” have no knowledge or understanding of the "
+"original idea. This splits the movement, and leads to incredibly "
+"unproductive trench wars, which waste a huge amount of creative energy."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðоложим, легÑе вÑÑÑиваÑÑ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ, еÑли
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+"иÑÑ
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+"ÑвоÑÑеÑкой ÑнеÑгии."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"A larger interested audience does not mean we should talk less about the "
+"underlying philosophy. Quite the contrary: the more people and firms do not "
+"understand that this freedom is also in their interest, the more we need to "
+"talk about it. The freedom of software offers a huge potential for all of "
+"us—firms and users."
+msgstr ""
+"УвелиÑение заинÑеÑеÑованной аÑдиÑоÑии не
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+"вÑеÑ
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"The plan is not to remove capitalism or destroy firms. We want to change the "
+"understanding of software for the benefit of all participants, to fit the "
+"needs of the 21th century. This is the core of the GNU Project."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð½Ðµ в Ñом, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑиÑÑ Ñ
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+"нÑждам XXI века. ÐÑо ÑÑеÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Each of us can do his share—be it in form of a program or "
+"documentation, or just by spreading the word that there is another way of "
+"handling things."
+msgstr ""
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+"пÑоÑÑо ÑаÑÑказа обÑеÑÑÐ²Ñ Ð¾ Ñом, ÑÑо дела
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+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"It is crucial to explain to the firms that free software is <em>not a "
+"threat</em>, but an opportunity. Of course this doesn't happen overnight, "
+"but when all participants realize the possibilities and perspectives, all of "
+"us will win. So, if you are working in the software business, make yourself "
+"at home with the topic, talk about it with friends and colleagues. And "
+"please refrain from trying to “missionize” them—I know "
+"most of us have this tendency—the arguments speak for themselves. Give "
+"them the time and peace to think it over, and to befriend themselves with "
+"the concept. Show them that the concept of freedom is nothing to be feared."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðизненно важно ÑазÑÑÑнÑÑÑ ÑиÑмам, ÑÑо
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+"им, ÑÑо неÑего боÑÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑепÑии ÑвободÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"I hope I was able to convey the philosophy or at least stimulate "
+"consideration of some new ideas. If you have questions or would like to "
+"discuss some things, I'll be here all night and all questions are welcome. I "
+"wish everyone a very interesting night. Thank you."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐадеÑÑÑ, Ñ Ñмог донеÑÑи ÑилоÑоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ñ
оÑÑ
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+"инÑеÑеÑного веÑеÑа. СпаÑибо за внимание."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr " "
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden"
+"\"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other
ways "
+"to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions "
+"can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden"
+"org></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе обÑие запÑоÑÑ
ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð¸ GNU по адÑеÑÑ <a href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже <a
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+"\">дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ</a> Ñ Ñондом.
ÐÑÑеÑÑ Ð¾ неÑабоÑаÑÑиÑ
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+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send comments on this speech to Georg Greve <a href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе замеÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑой
ÑеÑи ÐеоÑÐ³Ñ ÐÑеве <a href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#. replace it with the translation of these two:
+#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#. to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+#. <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. our web pages, see <a
+#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#. README</a>.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
+"возможноÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñибки Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ можем.
ÐÑиÑÑлайÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, Ñвои замеÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ "
+"пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ пеÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a
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+"\"><address@hidden></a>. </p><p>Ð¡Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾
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+"пÑедложениÑм пеÑеводов наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей Ñм. в
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+"translations.html\">“Ð ÑководÑÑве по
пеÑеводам”</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright © 1998 Georg C. F. Greve"
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 1998 Georg C. F. Greve<br />\n"
+"Copyright © 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this "
+"transcript as long as the copyright and this permission notice appear."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐаеÑÑÑ ÑазÑеÑение делаÑÑ Ð¸
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ Ð±ÑквалÑнÑе копии ÑÑой
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пÑаваÑ
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+"ÑазÑеÑение."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+" "
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
- www/philosophy/po greve-clown.ru.po,
Pavel Kharitonov <=