www/philosophy/po free-sw.zh-cn.po

[DENG Nan]

CVSROOT:        /web/www
Module name:    www
Changes by:     DENG Nan <monnand>      15/09/15 05:37:55

Added files:
        philosophy/po  : free-sw.zh-cn.po 

Log message:
        Free Software Definition. Simplified Chinese Edition
        Only the major part. TODO: History. Some translator's notes.

CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/free-sw.zh-cn.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1

Patches:
Index: free-sw.zh-cn.po
===================================================================
RCS file: free-sw.zh-cn.po
diff -N free-sw.zh-cn.po
--- /dev/null   1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ free-sw.zh-cn.po    15 Sep 2015 05:37:55 -0000      1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,657 @@
+# LANGUAGE translation of http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html
+# Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Nan Deng <address@hidden>, 2011.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: free-sw.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-02-17 23:25+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2015-09-14 22:09-0500\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Last-Translator: Nan Deng <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Simplified Chinese Translation Team\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"X-Generator: Poedit 1.7.5\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid "What is free software? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr "什么是自由软件？ - GNU工程 - 自由软件基金会"
+
+#. type: Attribute 'content' of: <meta>
+msgid "GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation, Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free 
Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU HURD, Hurd"
+msgstr ""
+"GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation, 自由软件基金会, Linux, Emacs, GCC, 
Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU HURD, Hurd"
+
+#. type: Attribute 'content' of: <meta>
+msgid ""
+"Since 1983, developing the free Unix style operating system GNU, so that 
computer users can have the freedom to share and improve the software "
+"they use."
+msgstr 
"始于1983年，致力于开发自由的类UNIX系统：GNU操作系统。致力于帮助计算机用户自由使用并改进软件。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "What is free software?"
+msgstr "什么是自由软件？"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The Free Software Definition"
+msgstr "自由软件定义"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"The free software definition presents the criteria for whether a particular 
software program qualifies as free software.  From time to time we "
+"revise this definition, to clarify it or to resolve questions about subtle 
issues.  See the <a href=\"#History\">History section</a> below for a "
+"list of changes that affect the definition of free software."
+msgstr ""
+"此处给出自由软件的定义，用以衡量一款软件是否为自由软件。一直以来，我们不断改进这个定义，以此澄æ¸
…并解决我们遇到的各种问题。参考下方的<a href="
+"\"#History\">修改历史</a>，详细列出了å…
¨éƒ¨çš„影响自由软件定义的修改记录。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"&ldquo;Free software&rdquo; means software that respects users' freedom and 
community.  Roughly, it means that <b>the users have the freedom to "
+"run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software</b>.  Thus, 
&ldquo;free software&rdquo; is a matter of liberty, not price.  To "
+"understand the concept, you should think of &ldquo;free&rdquo; as in 
&ldquo;free speech,&rdquo; not as in &ldquo;free beer&rdquo;.  We sometimes "
+"call it &ldquo;libre software&rdquo; to show we do not mean it is gratis."
+msgstr ""
+"&ldquo;自由软件&rdquo; 
尊重用户的自由，并且尊重整个社区。粗略来讲，一个软件如果是自由软件，这意味着<b>用户可以自由地运行，拷贝，分发，学ä¹
 ，修改并"
+"改进该软件</b>ã€‚å› æ­¤ï¼Œ&ldquo; 自由软件 &rdquo; 是å…
³ä¹Žè‡ªç”±çš„é—®é¢˜ï¼Œä¸Žä»·æ ¼æ— å…
³ï¼Œè½¯ä»¶å¦‚何定价并不影响它是否被归类为自由软件。英文中，我们使用Free
 "
+"Software。由于Free一词既有自由，也有免费的意思。而Free 
Software中的Free是指 &ldquo; 自由言论 &rdquo; 中的自由，而非 
&ldquo; 免费 &rdquo; 这一意"
+"项。为避免歧义，在使用英文时，我们也会在用&ldquo;Libre 
Software&rdquo; 来指自由软件。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We campaign for these freedoms because everyone deserves them.  With these 
freedoms, the users (both individually and collectively) control the "
+"program and what it does for them.  When users don't control the program, we 
call it a &ldquo;nonfree&rdquo; or &ldquo;proprietary&rdquo; "
+"program.  The nonfree program controls the users, and the developer controls 
the program; this makes the program <a href=\"/philosophy/free-"
+"software-even-more-important.html\"> an instrument of unjust power</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"æˆ‘ä»¬æ”¯æŒè½¯ä»¶ç”¨æˆ·çš„è‡ªç”±ï¼Œå› 
为我们坚信这是每个用户应得的。有了这些自由，软件用户，æ—
 
论是个人还是集体，都可以掌控所运行的软件，并决定这些程序如何为自"
+"己服务。如果一个软件令用户失去了这种控制权，我们则称它为
 &ldquo; 非自由 &rdquo; 的，或 &ldquo; 专有 &rdquo; 
的程序。与自由软件相反，非自由软件会操"
+"控它的用户，而软件的开发者则掌控着软件。 
这使得非自由软件成为了<a 
href=\"/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html\"> 
非正义力量的帮凶</"
+"a>。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "A program is free software if the program's users have the four 
essential freedoms:"
+msgstr "我们说，如果一个软件是自由软件，那么它必
须为用户提供以下四项基本自由："
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 
0)."
+msgstr "自由度0ï¼šæ— è®ºç”¨æˆ·å‡ºäºŽä½•ç§ç›®çš„ï¼Œå¿…é¡»å¯ä»¥æŒ‰ç…
§ç”¨æˆ·æ„æ„¿ï¼Œå¯ä»¥éšæ—¶éšå¤„自由地运行该软件。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your 
computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a "
+"precondition for this."
+msgstr "自由度1ï¼šç”¨æˆ·å¯ä»¥è‡ªç”±åœ°å­¦ä¹ 
并修改该软件。作为前提，用户必
é¡»å¯ä»¥è®¿é—®åˆ°è¯¥è½¯ä»¶çš„æºä»£ç ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor 
(freedom 2)."
+msgstr "自由度2：用户可以自由地分发该软件的拷贝。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 
3).  By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to "
+"benefit from your changes.  Access to the source code is a precondition for 
this."
+msgstr ""
+"自由度3：用户可以自由地分发该软件修改后的拷贝。借此，用户可以把改进后的软件分享给整个社区令他人也从中受益。作为前提，用户å¿
…须可以访问到该软件的源"
+"ä»£ç ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A program is free software if it gives users adequately all of these 
freedoms.  Otherwise, it is nonfree.  While we can distinguish various "
+"nonfree distribution schemes in terms of how far they fall short of being 
free, we consider them all equally unethical."
+msgstr ""
+"一个软件只有提供了以上所有的自由给它的用户，才可以被成为自由软件。否则，它就是非自由的。尽管我们也可以比较非自由软件为å
…¶ç”¨æˆ·æä¾›çš„自由度，但是我们"
+"è®¤ä¸ºï¼Œæ— è®ºå¦‚ä½•ï¼Œéžè‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶æœ¬èº«æ˜¯ä¸é“å¾·çš„ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "The rest of this page clarifies certain points about what makes 
specific freedoms adequate or not."
+msgstr "本文着重介绍在哪些情
况下，软件会被认为提供了或剥夺了某个自由度。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Freedom to distribute (freedoms 2 and 3) means you are free to redistribute 
copies, either with or without modifications, either gratis or "
+"charging a fee for distribution, to <a href=\"#exportcontrol\">anyone 
anywhere</a>.  Being free to do these things means (among other things) "
+"that you do not have to ask or pay for permission to do so."
+msgstr ""
+"自由分发（自由度2和3ï¼‰æ„å‘³ç€ä½ 
（即，软件用户）可以把软件原版或修改版再发布给å…
¶ä»–ç”¨æˆ·ã€‚ä½ 可以å…
è´¹å‘布，也可以收取费用。软件可以发布给<a href="
+"\"#exportcontrol\">任何地方的任何人</a>。所谓“自由”，意味着ä½
 的这些行为（发布软件原版或修改版给其他用户；或å…
¶ä»–自由度中提及的行为）不必事先征得任"
+"何人的许可，也不必为此额外支付任何费用。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"You should also have the freedom to make modifications and use them privately 
in your own work or play, without even mentioning that they exist.  "
+"If you do publish your changes, you should not be required to notify anyone 
in particular, or in any particular way."
+msgstr ""
+"用户可以自由地运行该程序或对程序进行修改。如果仅仅
ç§ä¸‹è‡ªå·±ä¿®æ”¹æˆ–è¿è¡Œè¯¥ç¨‹åºï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆä½ æ²¡æœ‰ä¹‰åŠ¡å°†è¯¥è¡Œä¸ºå…
¬å¼€ç»™ä»»ä½•äººã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ 发布了自己修改后的程序，那么"
+"ä½ 
也没有任何义务将该修改行为告知给哪个或哪些指定的人或组织。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to run the program means the freedom for any kind of person or 
organization to use it on any kind of computer system, for any kind of "
+"overall job and purpose, without being required to communicate about it with 
the developer or any other specific entity.  In this freedom, it is "
+"the <em>user's</em> purpose that matters, not the <em>developer's</em> 
purpose; you as a user are free to run the program for your purposes, and "
+"if you distribute it to someone else, she is then free to run it for her 
purposes, but you are not entitled to impose your purposes on her."
+msgstr ""
+"“自由地运行程序”（自由度0）意味着任何人或组织可以在任何（支持的）计算机系统上，出于任何目的去运行该程序，并且没有义务通知软件的开发è€
…或任何个人或"
+"团体。此处，<em>用户</em>的目的是重点，而非<em>开发者
</em>çš„ç›®çš„ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ æ˜¯è¯¥ç¨‹åºçš„ç”¨æˆ·ï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆä½ 
å°±å¯ä»¥è‡ªç”±åœ°è¿è¡Œè¯¥ç¨‹åºã€‚åŒç†ï¼Œå¦‚æžœä½ æŠŠç¨‹åºå‘å¸ƒç»™åˆ«"
+"人，那么此人也成了软件的用户，他也可以出于自己的任何目的运行该软件。然而，ä½
 ä½œä¸ºè½¯ä»¶çš„å‘å¸ƒè€…ï¼Œä¸å¯å°†è‡ªå·±çš„ç›®çš„å¼ºåŠ äºŽä½ çš„ç”¨æˆ·ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to run the program as you wish means that you are not forbidden 
or stopped from doing so.  It has nothing to do with what "
+"functionality the program has, or whether it is useful for what you want to 
do."
+msgstr ""
+"“自由地运行程序”意味着没有人可以阻止用户使用该程序做任何事æƒ
…。它并没有规定该程序必
须提供哪些功能特性，也并不意味着软件必
须迎合用户的所有需求。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable forms of 
the program, as well as source code, for both modified and "
+"unmodified versions.  (Distributing programs in runnable form is necessary 
for conveniently installable free operating systems.)  It is OK if "
+"there is no way to produce a binary or executable form for a certain program 
(since some languages don't support that feature), but you must have "
+"the freedom to redistribute such forms should you find or develop a way to 
make them."
+msgstr ""
+"“自由地分发软件的拷贝”意味着必须å…
è®¸ç”¨æˆ·è‡ªç”±åœ°å‘å¸ƒè½¯ä»¶çš„åŽŸç‰ˆæˆ–ç”¨æˆ·è‡ªå·±çš„ä¿®æ”¹ç‰ˆã€‚æ— 
论那个版本，用户都可以选择发布程序的二进制或可执行文件，也可以发"
+"布程序的源代ç 
ã€‚（以可执行文件的形式发布程序可以让人方便安装
，这一点对于推广自由软件也至å…
³é‡è¦ã€‚ï¼‰å¯¹äºŽæŸäº›ç¨‹åºï¼Œä¹Ÿè®¸æ— 法或者不必
发布二进制或可执行"
+"文件（一些编程语言的实现可能并不支持，例如某些脚本语言），但是用户å¿
…
须有权利以任何方式生成二进制或可执行文件，并且发布这些生成的软件。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In order for freedoms 1 and 3 (the freedom to make changes and the freedom to 
publish the changed versions) to be meaningful, you must have "
+"access to the source code of the program.  Therefore, accessibility of source 
code is a necessary condition for free software.  Obfuscated &ldquo;"
+"source code&rdquo; is not real source code and does not count as source code."
+msgstr ""
+"自由度1和3（自由地修改软件；自由地发布修改后的软件）意味着用户å¿
…é¡»æœ‰æƒè®¿é—®ç¨‹åºçš„æºä»£ç ã€‚ç”±æ­¤ï¼Œè®¿é—®æºä»£ç 
æ˜¯æˆä¸ºè‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶çš„必要条件。混编"
+"（Obfuscated）后的 &ldquo; æºä»£ç  &rdquo; 
ä¸èƒ½è¢«ç®—ä½œæ­¤å¤„è®¨è®ºçš„æºä»£ç ã€‚"
+
+# This part may need a tranlator's note explaining details about Tivo.
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Freedom 1 includes the freedom to use your changed version in place of the 
original.  If the program is delivered in a product designed to run "
+"someone else's modified versions but refuse to run yours &mdash; a practice 
known as &ldquo;tivoization&rdquo; or &ldquo;lockdown&rdquo;, or (in "
+"its practitioners' perverse terminology) as &ldquo;secure boot&rdquo; &mdash; 
freedom 1 becomes an empty pretense rather than a practical "
+"reality.  These binaries are not free software even if the source code they 
are compiled from is free."
+msgstr ""
+"自由度1（自由地运行程序）包
括自由地运行自己修改后的程序以替代原版程序。如果程序是跑在某种设备上，并且时随设备一起出售的，那么该设备å¿
…须给出一个方"
+"法，让用户可以将设备上的原有程序替换成用户自己的程序。否则，自由度1将被视为æ—
 法满足，那些被 &ldquo; 锁死 &rdquo; 
在设备中的程序也将不被视为自由软"
+"件。这种将程序锁死在设备中，禁止用户修改设备中的程序的做法，我们也称å
…¶ä¸º &ldquo; tivozation &rdquo;。"
+
+# suitably licensed? How can I translate this in a short but meaningful phrase?
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One important way to modify a program is by merging in available free 
subroutines and modules.  If the program's license says that you cannot "
+"merge in a suitably licensed existing module &mdash; for instance, if it 
requires you to be the copyright holder of any code you add &mdash; then "
+"the license is too restrictive to qualify as free."
+msgstr ""
+"倘若要修改某个程序，一种很重要的方法就是从别的程序中拿来现成的函数，或模块来使用。如果某个程序的许可证中禁止ä½
 ä½¿ç”¨å…¶ä»–åˆç†æŽˆæƒçš„è½¯ä»¶çš„ä»£ç æ¥ä¿®æ”¹è¯¥"
+"程序 &mdash; æ¯”å¦‚ï¼Œå¦‚æžœæŸä¸ªç¨‹åºçš„è®¸å¯è¯è¦æ±‚ä½ åªèƒ½ä½¿ç”¨ä½ 
æ‹¥æœ‰ç‰ˆæƒçš„ä»£ç  &mdash; 
那么这个程序的许可证将不被视为自由软件许可证。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Freedom 3 includes the freedom to release your modified versions as free 
software.  A free license may also permit other ways of releasing them; "
+"in other words, it does not have to be a <a 
href=\"/copyleft/copyleft.html\">copyleft</a> license.  However, a license that 
requires modified "
+"versions to be nonfree does not qualify as a free license."
+msgstr ""
+"自由度3å…
è®¸ç”¨æˆ·è‡ªç”±åœ°å‘布软件的修改版。自由软件不一定要求修改版å¿
…
须继续采用自由软件许可证。换句话说，自由软件许可证可以不å¿
…是<a href=\"/copyleft/"
+"copyleft.html\">copyleft</d>许可证。但是，如果一个软件许可证要求修改后的软件å¿
…
须以非自由软件的形式发布，那么该许可证则不被视为自由软件许可证。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be permanent and 
irrevocable as long as you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the software "
+"has the power to revoke the license, or retroactively add restrictions to its 
terms, without your doing anything wrong to give cause, the "
+"software is not free."
+msgstr ""
+"要让落实这些自由度，只要用户遵守许可证上的要求，那么这些自由度就å¿
…须是长久的，不可更改的。如果软件的开发者
有权利修改已发布软件的许可证，那么该软件"
+"也不被视为自由软件。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"However, certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free 
software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central "
+"freedoms.  For example, <a href=\"/copyleft/copyleft.html\">copyleft</a> 
(very simply stated) is the rule that when redistributing the program, "
+"you cannot add restrictions to deny other people the central freedoms.  This 
rule does not conflict with the central freedoms; rather it protects "
+"them."
+msgstr ""
+"当然，只要不违背这些æ 
¸å¿ƒè‡ªç”±ï¼Œè‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶è®¸å¯è¯ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥é¢å¤–æ·»åŠ 
一些要求，限制软件的分发步骤。例如，<a 
href=\"/copyleft/copyleft.html\">copyleft</a>就是"
+"常见的一种限制。简言之，copyleft要求软件的修改版必
é¡»åŒæ ·ä»¥è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶çš„å½¢å¼å‘å¸ƒã€‚è¿™æ¡é™åˆ¶ä¸Žæ 
¸å¿ƒè‡ªç”±å¹¶ä¸å†²çªï¼Œç›¸åï¼Œcopyleft可以用来很好地保护软件用户"
+"的自由。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In the GNU project, we use copyleft to protect the four freedoms legally for 
everyone.  We believe there are important reasons why <a href=\"/"
+"philosophy/pragmatic.html\">it is better to use copyleft</a>.  However, <a 
href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware\"> "
+"noncopylefted free software</a> is ethical too.  See <a 
href=\"/philosophy/categories.html\">Categories of Free Software</a> for a 
description of "
+"how &ldquo;free software,&rdquo; &ldquo;copylefted software&rdquo; and other 
categories of software relate to each other."
+msgstr ""
+"在GNU项目中，我们使用copyleft这一规则来保护软件用户的四大自由。我们相信<a
 
href=\"/philosophy/pragmatic.html\">Copyleft是更好的选择</a>。然而，<a
 "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware\">非copyleft的自由软件</a>也同æ
 ·æ˜¯åˆä¹Žé“义的。参见<a href=\"/philosophy/categories."
+"html\">自由软件分类</a>来了解更多关于 &ldquo; 自由软件 
&rdquo; , &ldquo; copyleft软件 &rdquo; 以及其他分类和它们之间的å…
³ç³»ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"&ldquo;Free software&rdquo; does not mean &ldquo;noncommercial&rdquo;.  A 
free program must be available for commercial use, commercial "
+"development, and commercial distribution.  Commercial development of free 
software is no longer unusual; such free commercial software is very "
+"important.  You may have paid money to get copies of free software, or you 
may have obtained copies at no charge.  But regardless of how you got "
+"your copies, you always have the freedom to copy and change the software, 
even to <a href=\"/philosophy/selling.html\">sell copies</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"&ldquo; 自由软件 &rdquo; 不等于 &ldquo; 非商业软件 &rdquo; 
。一个自由软件必须å…
è®¸å•†ä¸šç”¨æˆ·ï¼Œå•†ä¸šå¼€å‘，和商业发布。商业开发自由软件早就司空见惯了，"
+"è¿™æ ·çš„è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶éžå¸¸é‡è¦ã€‚ä½ 
可能需要花钱购买自由软件的拷贝，也可能å…
è´¹æ‹¿åˆ°ã€‚ä½†æ˜¯æ— è®ºä½ å¦‚ä½•èŽ·å¾—ä½ çš„æ‹·è´ï¼Œä½œä¸ºç”¨æˆ·ï¼Œä½ 
çš„å››å¤§è‡ªç”±éƒ½ä¼šè¢«ä¿è¯ï¼Œä½ å¯ä»¥è‡ªç”±"
+"地运行，修改，发布甚至<a 
href=\"/philosophy/selling.html\">出售</a>ä½ æ‹¿åˆ°çš„è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Whether a change constitutes an improvement is a subjective matter.  If your 
right to modify a program is limited, in substance, to changes that "
+"someone else considers an improvement, that program is not free."
+msgstr ""
+"对软件的修改可能是出于各种目的。某个特定的修改究竟是好是坏，这本身是个非常主观的事æƒ
…
。自由软件许可证不能对用户修改软件做任何限制，例如，不能ä»
…ä»…å› "
+"为某人觉得哪处修改不够好，就禁止用户自己做这个改动。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"However, rules about how to package a modified version are acceptable, if 
they don't substantively limit your freedom to release modified "
+"versions, or your freedom to make and use modified versions privately.  Thus, 
it is acceptable for the license to require that you change the "
+"name of the modified version, remove a logo, or identify your modifications 
as yours.  As long as these requirements are not so burdensome that "
+"they effectively hamper you from releasing your changes, they are acceptable; 
you're already making other changes to the program, so you won't "
+"have trouble making a few more."
+msgstr ""
+"不过，自由软件可以对修改版的打包
或分发方式做一定的限制。这些限制不得与前面提到的四大自由相矛盾，不得直接或间接地限制用户运行，修改或发布软件。例"
+"如，某些自由软件可以要求修改版不得使用软件的原有名字发布；不能使用软件的原有商æ
 ‡ï¼›å¿…é¡»æ 
‡æ˜Žè½¯ä»¶æ¥è‡ªè°çš„修改等等。只要这些限制不会明显地限制用户再发"
+"布软件的修改版，那么它们就是可以接受的。既然已经对软件修改了，那么ä½
 估计也就不会在乎这些额外的小限制了。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Rules that &ldquo;if you make your version available in this way, you must 
make it available in that way also&rdquo; can be acceptable too, on "
+"the same condition.  An example of such an acceptable rule is one saying that 
if you have distributed a modified version and a previous developer "
+"asks for a copy of it, you must send one.  (Note that such a rule still 
leaves you the choice of whether to distribute your version at all.)  "
+"Rules that require release of source code to the users for versions that you 
put into public use are also acceptable."
+msgstr ""
+"同理，自由软件也可以要求用户 &ldquo; 
å¦‚æžœä»¥è¿™ç§æ–¹å¼å‘å¸ƒï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆç”¨æˆ·å¿…é¡»ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ä»Žå¦å¤–æŸä¸€æ¸ 
道获得 &rdquo; 
。比如，某个自由软件可能会要求如果发布了修改"
+"版，那么必须也要给原作者
一份修改后的拷贝。（注意：此处前提是软件必
é¡»å‘å¸ƒï¼Œç”¨æˆ·å¯ä»¥ç§ä¸‹ä¿®æ”¹è½¯ä»¶è€Œä¸å‘å¸ƒï¼Œè¿™æ ·ä¹Ÿå°±ä¸å¿…
把修改版发给开发者了。）另外还"
+"有一些规则也不会与自由软件原则冲突，比如软件可以要求修改后的版本发布时需要附带相应的原版软件的代ç
 ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A special issue arises when a license requires changing the name by which the 
program will be invoked from other programs.  That effectively "
+"hampers you from releasing your changed version so that it can replace the 
original when invoked by those other programs.  This sort of "
+"requirement is acceptable only if there's a suitable aliasing facility that 
allows you to specify the original program's name as an alias for the "
+"modified version."
+msgstr ""
+"有一些特例需要额外讨论：如果某软件许可证要求修改后的软件å¿
…须修改可执行文件的名字，那么必须保证软件运行的环境å…
è®¸ä¿®æ”¹æ–‡ä»¶åæˆ–具备某种别名机制，否则"
+"è¯¥è¦æ±‚å°†è¢«è§†ä½œä¸Žè‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶åŽŸåˆ™ç›¸èƒŒã€‚å› 
为软件的可执行文件可能会被å…
¶ä»–第三方软件调用，而文件名则是这种调用的基础。别名机制可以保证用户在遵守该要求的前"
+"提下，顺利将原版软件替换成修改版，并且不会影响依赖该软件的第三方程序。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Sometimes government <a id=\"exportcontrol\">export control regulations</a> 
and trade sanctions can constrain your freedom to distribute copies "
+"of programs internationally.  Software developers do not have the power to 
eliminate or override these restrictions, but what they can and must "
+"do is refuse to impose them as conditions of use of the program.  In this 
way, the restrictions will not affect activities and people outside the "
+"jurisdictions of these governments.  Thus, free software licenses must not 
require obedience to any nontrivial export regulations as a condition "
+"of exercising any of the essential freedoms."
+msgstr ""
+"一些政府的<a 
id=\"exportcontrol\">出口限制</a>或贸易制裁可能会影响到软件用户在国é™
…范围内发布软件的自由。软件开发者
也许没有能力去改变这些现实，但是"
+"我们可以拒绝自我审查。自由软件的开发者
ä¸å¾—åœ¨è½¯ä»¶è®¸å¯è¯ä¸­è¦æ±‚ç”¨æˆ·éµå®ˆå“ªæ¡ç‰¹å®šæ³•å¾‹ï¼Œå› 
ä¸ºå¼€å‘è€…æ— æ³•ä¿è¯ç”¨æˆ·æ‰€åœ¨å›½åº¦æˆ–åœ°åŒºå…·å¤‡è¯¥æ³•å¾‹æ¡æ¬¾ã€‚è¿™æ 
·ï¼Œè‡ªç”±è½¯"
+"ä»¶è®¸å¯è¯å°±ä¸ä¼šç»™ç”¨æˆ·åœ¨æ³•å¾‹ä¹‹å¤–æ·»åŠ 
额外的违反基本自由的限制。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Merely mentioning the existence of export regulations, without making them a 
condition of the license itself, is acceptable since it does not "
+"restrict users.  If an export regulation is actually trivial for free 
software, then requiring it as a condition is not an actual problem; "
+"however, it is a potential problem, since a later change in export law could 
make the requirement nontrivial and thus render the software nonfree."
+msgstr ""
+"当然，自由软件可以仅仅
在许可证中提及某条出口条例或相å…
³æ³•å¾‹ï¼Œè€Œä¸å¼ºåˆ¶è¦æ±‚用户遵守。这æ 
·åšåªæ˜¯ä¸ºç”¨æˆ·æä¾›äº†ä¿¡æ¯è€Œæ²¡æœ‰å®žé™…
限制用户。如果某条出口限制法"
+"律是普遍存在，å…
¨éƒ¨ç”¨æˆ·æ‰€åœ¨çš„地区都做出该限制的，那么在许可证中要求用户遵守该条例也不会被视为限制用户的自由。然而，这会存在潜在问题：一旦该条出口限"
+"制法律在某个用户的所在地区做了修改，那么该许可证也就不被视作自由的。"
+
+# "may not" or "should not"?
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A free license may not require compliance with the license of a nonfree 
program.  Thus, for instance, if a license requires you to comply with "
+"the licenses of &ldquo;all the programs you use&rdquo;, in the case of a user 
that runs nonfree programs this would require compliance with the "
+"licenses of those nonfree programs; that makes the license nonfree."
+msgstr ""
+"自由软件许可证不得要求用户额外遵守哪些非自由软件的许可证。例如，自由软件许可证不得要求用户å¿
…须遵守 &ldquo; 所有使用的软件的许可证 &rdquo; ã€‚å› ä¸ºç”¨"
+"户可能使用非自由软件，而要求用户遵守å…
¨éƒ¨ä½¿ç”¨çš„软件的许可证则意味着需要遵守非自由软件许可证，这要的要求将被视作非自由的。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "It is acceptable for a free license to specify which jurisdiction's law 
applies, or where litigation must be done, or both."
+msgstr "自由软件许可证可以指定与软件相å…
³çš„诉讼需要遵守哪个地区的法律，或需要在哪里提起诉讼。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Most free software licenses are based on copyright, and there are limits on 
what kinds of requirements can be imposed through copyright.  If a "
+"copyright-based license respects freedom in the ways described above, it is 
unlikely to have some other sort of problem that we never anticipated "
+"(though this does happen occasionally).  However, some free software licenses 
are based on contracts, and contracts can impose a much larger "
+"range of possible restrictions.  That means there are many possible ways such 
a license could be unacceptably restrictive and nonfree."
+msgstr ""
+"绝大部分自由软件许可证是基于版权的，基于版权，能采取的限制往往相对有限。如果一个许可证基于版权并且遵ç
…§ä¸Šè¿°çš„自由软件原则，那么它很可能被视作是自由"
+"软件许可证。当然，我们也见过一些例外，不过这些还很少见。然而有些自由软件许可证是基于合同的。合同可能会有更多的额外要求。这就意味着基于合同的许可证"
+"可能会在很多不经意的地方违背自由软件原则，导致软件不被视作自由软件。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We can't possibly list all the ways that might happen.  If a contract-based 
license restricts the user in an unusual way that copyright-based "
+"licenses cannot, and which isn't mentioned here as legitimate, we will have 
to think about it, and we will probably conclude it is nonfree."
+msgstr ""
+"å¾ˆé—æ†¾ï¼Œæˆ‘ä»¬æ— æ³•åˆ—å‡ºæ‰€æœ‰å¯èƒ½çš„æ„å¤–æƒ…
况。如果一份基于合同的许可证对用户做出了一些额外限制，并且这些限制是不可能åŒ
…含在一份基于版权的许可证中的，那么"
+"我们就需要再三考虑它是否可以被视作自由许可证。很多情
况下，这些许可证都是非自由的。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"When talking about free software, it is best to avoid using terms like 
&ldquo;give away&rdquo; or &ldquo;for free,&rdquo; because those terms "
+"imply that the issue is about price, not freedom.  Some common terms such as 
&ldquo;piracy&rdquo; embody opinions we hope you won't endorse.  See "
+"<a href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html\">Confusing Words and Phrases that 
are Worth Avoiding</a> for a discussion of these terms.  We also "
+"have a list of proper <a 
href=\"/philosophy/fs-translations.html\">translations of &ldquo;free 
software&rdquo;</a> into various languages."
+msgstr ""
+"在讨论自由软件的时候，尽量避免使用 &ldquo; èµ é€ &rdquo; 
或 &ldquo; 免费 &rdquo; ä¸€ç±»çš„è¯æ±‡ã€‚å› ä¸ºè¿™ä¼šè®©äººä»¬è”æƒ³åˆ°ä»·æ 
¼ï¼Œè€Œéžè‡ªç”±ã€‚一些常见的词汇，例"
+"如 &ldquo; 盗版 &rdquo; ，其中包含了或褒或贬的感情
色彩，而这些感情体现的价值观并不被我们接受。参见<a 
href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html\">歧义"
+"词汇列表</a>，里面列举了我们不推荐使用的词汇以及相å…
³çš„讨论。我们还有一个<a 
href=\"/philosophy/fs-translations.html\">列表</a>，包含了 &ldquo; 自由"
+"软件 &rdquo; 一词在不同语言中的推荐翻译。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Finally, note that criteria such as those stated in this free software 
definition require careful thought for their interpretation.  To decide "
+"whether a specific software license qualifies as a free software license, we 
judge it based on these criteria to determine whether it fits their "
+"spirit as well as the precise words.  If a license includes unconscionable 
restrictions, we reject it, even if we did not anticipate the issue in "
+"these criteria.  Sometimes a license requirement raises an issue that calls 
for extensive thought, including discussions with a lawyer, before we "
+"can decide if the requirement is acceptable.  When we reach a conclusion 
about a new issue, we often update these criteria to make it easier to "
+"see why certain licenses do or don't qualify."
+msgstr ""
+"最后请注意，在实践中，本文中提及的各种å…
³äºŽè‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶çš„界定æ 
‡å‡†éƒ½éœ€è¦ä»”细思考后再做出解释。在决定一个软件许可证是否是自由软件的时候，我们会仔细查看该"
+"许可证的内
涵和行文是否符合本文中涉及的原则，由此决定许可证是否为自由软件许可证。如果许可证中åŒ
…含了一些不合理的限制，哪怕这些限制没有在本文中提及，"
+"我们也会拒绝承认它是自由的。有时候，某个许可证可能会引起一场大讨论，甚至需要专业律师参与。这时候，我们往往需要仔细定夺之后才能给出结论。遇到这æ
 ·çš„"
+"许可证，在做出结论之后，我们很可能会更新本文，把之前没有考虑到的å›
 ç´ æ·»åŠ è¿›æ¥ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If you are interested in whether a specific license qualifies as a free 
software license, see our <a href=\"/licenses/license-list.html\">list of "
+"licenses</a>.  If the license you are concerned with is not listed there, you 
can ask us about it by sending us email at <a href=\"mailto:";
+"address@hidden">&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"å¦‚æžœä½ 
想知道哪些许可证是自由软件许可证，可以参见我们的<a 
href=\"/licenses/license-list.html\">许可证列表</a>ã€‚å¦‚æžœä½ å…
³æ³¨çš„许可证没有在这个列表中提"
+"åŠï¼Œä½ ä¹Ÿå¯ä»¥ç»™æˆ‘ä»¬å‘é‚®ä»¶æ¥å•ç‹¬è¯¢é—®ã€‚æˆ‘ä»¬çš„é‚®ç®±æ˜¯ï¼š<a 
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If you are contemplating writing a new license, please contact the Free 
Software Foundation first by writing to that address. The proliferation "
+"of different free software licenses means increased work for users in 
understanding the licenses; we may be able to help you find an existing "
+"free software license that meets your needs."
+msgstr ""
+"å¦‚æžœä½ æ‰“ç®—èµ·è‰ä¸€ä»½æ–°çš„è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶è®¸å¯è¯ï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆè¯·å…
ˆä¸è¦ç»™ä¸Šè¿°é‚®ç®±å‘邮件。希望您能å…
ˆè€ƒè™‘è”ç³»è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶åŸºé‡‘ä¼šã€‚å¤ªå¤šçš„è‡ªç”±è½¯ä»¶è®¸å¯è¯ä¼šå¢žåŠ 
用户的选择难度，我"
+"们也许可以按ç…
§æ‚¨çš„要求，帮您找到一份现有的许可证，而不必
您亲自操刀起草一份新许可证。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If that isn't possible, if you really need a new license, with our help you 
can ensure that the license really is a free software license and "
+"avoid various practical problems."
+msgstr "å¦‚æžœæ‚¨çœŸçš„éœ€è¦è‡ªå·±åˆ›é€ 
一个新许可证，那么我们会尽力帮助您。在我们的帮助下，我们会保证您的许可证是自由的，并且帮助您避å
…ä¸€äº›å¸¸è§çš„问题。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Beyond Software"
+msgstr "软件之外"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"/philosophy/free-doc.html\">Software manuals must be free</a>, for 
the same reasons that software must be free, and because the manuals "
+"are in effect part of the software."
+msgstr "åŸºäºŽåŒæ ·çš„åŽŸåˆ™ï¼Œ<a 
href=\"/philosophy/free-doc.html\">自由软件的手册也必
须是自由的</a>ï¼Œå› ä¸ºæ‰‹å†Œæœ¬èº«ä¹Ÿåº”è¯¥è¢«è§†ä½œè½¯ä»¶çš„ä¸€éƒ¨åˆ†ã€‚"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The same arguments also make sense for other kinds of works of practical use 
&mdash; that is to say, works that embody useful knowledge, such as "
+"educational works and reference works.  <a 
href=\"http://wikipedia.org\";>Wikipedia</a> is the best-known example."
+msgstr ""
+"同理，相同的原则也适用于其他的具有实用功能的作品中 
&mdash; 所谓实用功能的作品，是指作品中包
含实用的知识，例如教育材料或参考材料。<a href=\"http://";
+"wikipedia.org\">维基百科</a>就是其中一个广为人知的例子。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Any kind of work <em>can</em> be free, and the definition of free software 
has been extended to a definition of <a href=\"http://freedomdefined.";
+"org/\"> free cultural works</a> applicable to any kind of works."
+msgstr ""
+"任何作品都<em>可以</em>是自由的，自由软件的定义也可以延伸到å
…¶ä»–作品上。关于这方面的材料，请参见<a 
href=\"http://freedomdefined.org\";>自由文化作品"
+"</a>。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Open Source?"
+msgstr "开源？"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another group has started using the term &ldquo;open source&rdquo; to mean 
something close (but not identical) to &ldquo;free software&rdquo;.  "
+"We prefer the term &ldquo;free software&rdquo; because, once you have heard 
that it refers to freedom rather than price, it calls to mind "
+"freedom.  The word &ldquo;open&rdquo; <a 
href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\"> never refers to 
freedom</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"现在还有另外一伙人，使用 &ldquo; 开源 &rdquo; 
一词来表达与 &ldquo; 自由软件 &rdquo; 类似，但不完å…
¨ç›¸åŒçš„概念。我们更倾向于使用 &ldquo; 自由软件 "
+"&rdquo; è¿™ä¸ªè¯ã€‚å› ä¸ºä¸€æ—¦ä½ 
看到自由二字，就明白了它所要表达的意思。而 &ldquo; 开放 
&rdquo; <a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"
+"\">却并不意味着自由</a>。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "History"
+msgstr "本文修改历史"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"From time to time we revise this Free Software Definition.  Here is the list 
of substantive changes, along with links to show exactly what was "
+"changed."
+msgstr 
"随着时间的发展，我们也在不断对本文做出改进。此处列出历次的主要改动，并给出链接详细显示出哪里做出了修改。"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.134&amp;r2=1.135\";>Version
 1.135</a>: Say each "
+"time that freedom 0 is the freedom to run the program as you wish."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.133&amp;r2=1.134\";>Version
 1.134</a>: Freedom 0 is "
+"not a matter of the program's functionality."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.130&amp;r2=1.131\";>Version
 1.131</a>: A free "
+"license may not require compliance with a nonfree license of another program."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.128&amp;r2=1.129\";>Version
 1.129</a>: State "
+"explicitly that choice of law and choice of forum specifications are allowed. 
 (This was always our policy.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.121&amp;r2=1.122\";>Version
 1.122</a>: An export "
+"control requirement is a real problem if the requirement is nontrivial; 
otherwise it is only a potential problem."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.117&amp;r2=1.118\";>Version
 1.118</a>: "
+"Clarification: the issue is limits on your right to modify, not on what 
modifications you have made.  And modifications are not limited to &ldquo;"
+"improvements&rdquo;"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.110&amp;r2=1.111\";>Version
 1.111</a>: Clarify 1.77 "
+"by saying that only retroactive <em>restrictions</em> are unacceptable.  The 
copyright holders can always grant additional <em>permission</em> "
+"for use of the work by releasing the work in another way in parallel."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.104&amp;r2=1.105\";>Version
 1.105</a>: Reflect, in "
+"the brief statement of freedom 1, the point (already stated in version 1.80) 
that it includes really using your modified version for your "
+"computing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.91&amp;r2=1.92\";>Version
 1.92</a>: Clarify that "
+"obfuscated code does not qualify as source code."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.89&amp;r2=1.90\";>Version
 1.90</a>: Clarify that "
+"freedom 3 means the right to distribute copies of your own modified or 
improved version, not a right to participate in someone else's development "
+"project."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.88&amp;r2=1.89\";>Version
 1.89</a>: Freedom 3 "
+"includes the right to release modified versions as free software."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.79&amp;r2=1.80\";>Version
 1.80</a>: Freedom 1 must "
+"be practical, not just theoretical; i.e., no tivoization."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.76&amp;r2=1.77\";>Version
 1.77</a>: Clarify that "
+"all retroactive changes to the license are unacceptable, even if it's not 
described as a complete replacement."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.73&amp;r2=1.74\";>Version
 1.74</a>: Four "
+"clarifications of points not explicit enough, or stated in some places but 
not reflected everywhere:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"\"Improvements\" does not mean the license can substantively limit what kinds 
of modified versions you can release.  Freedom 3 includes "
+"distributing modified versions, not just changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><ul><li>
+msgid "The right to merge in existing modules refers to those that are 
suitably licensed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><ul><li>
+msgid "Explicitly state the conclusion of the point about export controls."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li><ul><li>
+msgid "Imposing a license change constitutes revoking the old license."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.56&amp;r2=1.57\";>Version
 1.57</a>: Add &quot;"
+"Beyond Software&quot; section."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.45&amp;r2=1.46\";>Version
 1.46</a>: Clarify whose "
+"purpose is significant in the freedom to run the program for any purpose."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.40&amp;r2=1.41\";>Version
 1.41</a>: Clarify wording "
+"about contract-based licenses."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.39&amp;r2=1.40\";>Version
 1.40</a>: Explain that a "
+"free license must allow to you use other available free software to create 
your modifications."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.38&amp;r2=1.39\";>Version
 1.39</a>: Note that it is "
+"acceptable for a license to require you to provide source for versions of the 
software you put into public use."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.30&amp;r2=1.31\";>Version
 1.31</a>: Note that it is "
+"acceptable for a license to require you to identify yourself as the author of 
modifications.  Other minor clarifications throughout the text."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.22&amp;r2=1.23\";>Version
 1.23</a>: Address "
+"potential problems related to contract-based licenses."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.15&amp;r2=1.16\";>Version
 1.16</a>: Explain why "
+"distribution of binaries is important."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.10&amp;r2=1.11\";>Version
 1.11</a>: Note that a "
+"free license may require you to send a copy of versions you distribute to the 
author."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There are gaps in the version numbers shown above because there are other 
changes in this page that do not affect the definition or its "
+"interpretations.  For instance, the list does not include changes in asides, 
formatting, spelling, punctuation, or other parts of the page.  You "
+"can review the complete list of changes to the page through the <a 
href=\"http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?";
+"root=www&amp;view=log\">cvsweb interface</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a 
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.  There are also <a 
href=\"/contact/"
+"\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or 
suggestions can be sent to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;"
+"address@hidden&gt;</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+#
+#
+#
+#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#. replace it with the translation of these two:
+#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#. translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#. to <a href="mailto:address@hidden";>
+#. &lt;address@hidden&gt;</a>.</p>
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. our web pages, see <a
+#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#. README</a>.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a 
href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> for 
information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright &copy; 1996-2002, 2004-2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015 
Free Software Foundation, Inc."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" 
href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\";>Creative Commons 
Attribution-NoDerivs "
+"3.0 United States License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr ""