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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/distros free-distros.ca.html free-system-di... |
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Date: |
Mon, 24 Aug 2015 16:59:35 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 15/08/24 16:59:35
Modified files:
distros : free-distros.ca.html
free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar.html
distros/po : free-distros.ca-diff.html
Added files:
distros/po :
free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar-diff.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/free-distros.ca.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.48&r2=1.49
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.1&r2=1.2
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/po/free-distros.ca-diff.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.8&r2=1.9
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: free-distros.ca.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/distros/free-distros.ca.html,v
retrieving revision 1.48
retrieving revision 1.49
diff -u -b -r1.48 -r1.49
--- free-distros.ca.html 25 May 2015 09:57:19 -0000 1.48
+++ free-distros.ca.html 24 Aug 2015 16:59:34 -0000 1.49
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/distros/free-distros.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/distros/po/free-distros.ca.po">
+ http://www.gnu.org/distros/po/free-distros.ca.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/distros/free-distros.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/distros/po/free-distros.ca-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2015-06-25" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/distros/free-distros.en.html" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ca.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -12,6 +17,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/distros/po/free-distros.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ca.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.ca.html" -->
<h2>Distribucions GNU/Linux lliures</h2>
<!--#include virtual="/licenses/fsf-licensing.ca.html" -->
@@ -284,7 +290,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Updated:
-$Date: 2015/05/25 09:57:19 $
+$Date: 2015/08/24 16:59:34 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar.html,v
retrieving revision 1.1
retrieving revision 1.2
diff -u -b -r1.1 -r1.2
--- free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar.html 4 Jun 2015 21:29:21 -0000
1.1
+++ free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar.html 24 Aug 2015 16:59:34 -0000
1.2
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-<!--#set var="ENGLISH_PAGE"
value="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.en.html" -->
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar.po">
+ http://www.gnu.org/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE"
value="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE"
value="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2015-06-25" --><!--#set
var="ENGLISH_PAGE" value="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.en.html"
-->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ar.html" -->
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
@@ -12,6 +17,7 @@
<!--#include
virtual="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ar.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.ar.html" -->
<h2>اÙتÙجÙÙات اÙخاصة بتÙزÙعات اﻷÙظÙ
Ø© اÙØرة
(GNU FSDG)</h2>
<!--#include virtual="/licenses/fsf-licensing.ar.html" -->
@@ -338,7 +344,7 @@
<p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
تØدÙØ«:
-$Date: 2015/06/04 21:29:21 $
+$Date: 2015/08/24 16:59:34 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/free-distros.ca-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/distros/po/free-distros.ca-diff.html,v
retrieving revision 1.8
retrieving revision 1.9
diff -u -b -r1.8 -r1.9
--- po/free-distros.ca-diff.html 27 Nov 2014 23:57:20 -0000 1.8
+++ po/free-distros.ca-diff.html 24 Aug 2015 16:59:34 -0000 1.9
@@ -22,68 +22,63 @@
<h2>Free GNU/Linux distributions</h2>
<!--#include virtual="/licenses/fsf-licensing.html" -->
-<span
class="removed"><del><strong><blockquote><p><em><span</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><blockquote>
-<p><em><span</em></ins></span> class="highlight">The <span
class="removed"><del><strong>FSF</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em><a href="http://www.fsf.org/">Free
-Software Foundation</a></em></ins></span> is not responsible for other
web sites, or how
-up-to-date their information <span
class="removed"><del><strong>is.</span></em></p></blockquote></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>is.</span></em></p>
-</blockquote></em></ins></span>
+<blockquote>
+<p><em><span class="highlight">The <a
href="http://www.fsf.org/">Free
+Software Foundation</a> is not responsible for other web sites, or how
+up-to-date their information is.</span></em></p>
+</blockquote>
<p>This page lists the <a
href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux</a>
distributions that are
entirely <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">free</a> as in freedom.
-<span class="removed"><del><strong></p>
-
-<p>
-These</strong></del></span>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em>All of the distributions that follow are
installable to a
+All of the distributions that follow are installable to a
computer's hard drive; most can be run live.</p>
-<p>We do not try to judge or compare these distros based on any
+<p>The Free Software Foundation recommends and endorses these GNU/Linux
+distros, although we do not try to judge or compare them based on any
criterion other than freedom; therefore, we list them in alphabetical
order. We encourage you to read these brief descriptions and to
consult their respective web sites and other information to choose the
one best for you.</p>
-<p>These</em></ins></span> distros are ready-to-use full systems whose
developers have made
+<p>These distros are ready-to-use full systems whose developers have made
a commitment to follow the
<a href="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html">Guidelines
for Free System Distributions</a>. This means these distros will
include, and propose, exclusively free software. They will reject
nonfree applications, nonfree programming platforms, nonfree drivers,
nonfree firmware “blobs”, nonfree games, and any other
-nonfree software, as well as nonfree manuals or <span
class="removed"><del><strong>documentation.
-</p>
+nonfree software, as well as nonfree manuals or documentation.</p>
-<p>
-If</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>documentation.</p>
-
-<p>If</em></ins></span> one of these distros ever does include or
propose anything nonfree,
-that must have happened by mistake, and the developers <span
class="removed"><del><strong>commit</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>are committed</em></ins></span> to
+<p>If one of these distros ever does include or propose anything nonfree,
+that must have happened by mistake, and the developers are committed to
removing it. If you find nonfree software or documentation in one of
these distributions, you can
<a href="/help/gnu-bucks.html">report the problem, and earn GNU
Bucks</a>,
while we inform the developers so they can fix the problem.</p>
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p>
-Fixing</strong></del></span>
-
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p>Fixing</em></ins></span> freedom bugs
is an ethical requirement for listing a distro
-here; therefore, we list only <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>those</em></ins></span> distros that are currently
-maintained by people who are ready to fix them.</p>
-
-<span class="removed"><del><strong><p><strong>All of the
distributions that follow are installable to a
-computer's hard drive; most can be run live.</strong></p>
-
-<p>We do not try to judge or compare these distros based on any
-criterion other than freedom; therefore, we list them in alphabetical
-order. We encourage you to read these brief descriptions and to
-consult their respective web sites and other information to choose the
-one best for you.</p></strong></del></span>
-
-<p>We hope other distributions will become entirely free and that some
-day we can list them here.</p>
+<p>Fixing freedom bugs is an ethical requirement for listing a distro
+here; therefore, we list only distros with a development team that has
+told us it will remove any nonfree software that might be found in
+them. Usually the team consists of volunteers, and they don't make
+legally binding commitments to users; but if we find out a distro is
+not properly maintained, we will de-list it.</p>
+
+<p>We hope the other existing GNU/Linux distributions will become
+entirely free software so that we can list them here. If you wish to
+improve the state of free distros, helping to develop an existing free
+distro contributes more than starting a new one.</p>
+
+<p><strong>All of the distributions that follow are installable to
a
+computer's hard drive; most can be run live. Not all hardware works
+in the free world; each distro's site should say which hardware it
+supports.</strong></p>
+
+<p>We endorse these distros only for freedom. We do not try to judge
+or compare these distros based on any other criterion; therefore, we
+list them in alphabetical order. We suggest you consult their
+respective web sites and other information to judge which one is most
+convenient for you.</p>
<!-- Do not add or remove anything from this list without a lot of
discussion, following the usual process, and confirmation by RMS. See
@@ -113,32 +108,40 @@
and video editing.</td></tr>
<tr class="even">
+ <td><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/guix/">
+ <img src="/software/guix/graphics/GuixSD-V.png" alt="guix"
/></a></td>
+ <td>Guix System Distribution is an advanced GNU/Linux distro built
+ on top of GNU Guix (pronounced “geeks”), a purely
+ functional package manager for the GNU system. </td></tr>
+
+ <tr class="odd">
<td><a href="http://www.gnewsense.org/">
<img src="/graphics/distros-gnewsense.png" alt="gNewSense"
/></a></td>
<td>gNewSense, a GNU/Linux distribution based on Debian, with
sponsorship from the FSF.</td></tr>
- <tr class="odd">
+
+ <tr class="even">
<td><a href="https://musixdistro.wordpress.com/">
<img src="/graphics/distros-musix.png" alt="Musix GNU+Linux"
/></a></td>
<td>Musix, a GNU+Linux distribution based on Knoppix, with special
emphasis on audio production.</td></tr>
- <tr class="even">
- <td><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://parabolagnulinux.org"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://www.parabola.nu/https/"></em></ins></span>
+ <tr class="odd">
+ <td><a href="http://www.parabola.nu/https/">
<img src="/graphics/distros-parabola.png"
alt="Parabola GNU/Linux" /></a></td>
<td>Parabola GNU/Linux, a distribution based on Arch that
prioritizes simple package and system management.</td></tr>
- <tr class="odd">
+ <tr class="even">
<td><a href="http://trisquel.info/">
<img src="/graphics/distros-trisquel.png" alt="Trisquel"
/></a></td>
<td>Trisquel, a GNU/Linux distribution based on Ubuntu that's
oriented
toward small enterprises, domestic users and educational
centers.</td></tr>
-<tr class="even">
- <td><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://proyecto.ututo.net/cmsd/"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://www.ututo.org/"></em></ins></span>
+<tr class="odd">
+ <td><a href="http://www.ututo.org/">
<img src="/graphics/distros-ututo.png" alt="Ututo"
/></a></td>
<td>Ututo XS, a GNU/Linux distribution based on Gentoo. It was the
first
fully free GNU/Linux system recognized by the GNU
Project.</td></tr>
@@ -158,19 +161,19 @@
</tr></thead>
<tr class="odd">
- <td><a <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://librecmc.org/"> <img
+ <td><a href="http://librecmc.org/"> <img
src="/graphics/librecmc.png" alt="libreCMC" /></a></td>
- <td>libreCMC is an embedded GNU/Linux distro for devices with very
- limited resources. While primarily targeting routers, it offers
- support for a wide range of devices and use cases.</td></tr>
-
+ <td>libreCMC is an embedded GNU/Linux distro for devices with
+ very limited resources. While primarily targeting routers, it
+ offers support for a wide range of devices and use <span
class="removed"><del><strong>cases.</td></tr></strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>cases. In
+ 2015, LibreWRT merged with
libreCMC.</td></tr></em></ins></span>
<tr class="even">
- <td><a</em></ins></span> href="http://librewrt.org/">
- <img <span
class="removed"><del><strong>src="//static.fsf.org/nosvn/librewrt.png"</strong></del></span>
<span class="inserted"><ins><em>src="/graphics/librewrt.png"</em></ins></span>
alt="Librewrt <span class="removed"><del><strong>GNU/Linux-Libre"
/></a></td></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>GNU/Linux-Libre"/></a></td></em></ins></span>
- <td>LibreWRT GNU/Linux-Libre, a distribution for computers with
minimal
- resources, such as the Ben Nanonote, ath9k based wifi routers, and
- other hardware.</td></tr>
-
+ <td><a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://librewrt.org/"></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://proteanos.com/"></em></ins></span>
<img <span class="removed"><del><strong>src="/graphics/librewrt.png"
alt="Librewrt GNU/Linux-Libre"/></a></td>
+ <td>LibreWRT GNU/Linux-Libre,</strong></del></span>
+ <span class="inserted"><ins><em>src="/graphics/proteanos.png"
alt="ProteanOS" /></a></td>
+ <td>ProteanOS is</em></ins></span> a <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>new, small, and fast</em></ins></span> distribution
for <span class="removed"><del><strong>computers with minimal
+ resources, such as the Ben Nanonote, ath9k based wifi
routers,</strong></del></span> <span class="inserted"><ins><em>embedded
devices. Its platform configuration feature allows binary packages to be
configured at build-time</em></ins></span> and
+ <span class="removed"><del><strong>other
hardware.</td></tr></strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>run-time for different hardware and use
cases.</td></tr></em></ins></span>
</table>
@@ -181,8 +184,8 @@
mirror for their project by mailing the
<a href="mailto:address@hidden">FSF sysadmins</a>.</p>
-<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p id="other-free">Non-GNU-based free
system distributions are
-listed in <a href="/distros/free-non-gnu-distros.html">a separate
file</a>.</p></em></ins></span>
+<p id="other-free">Non-GNU-based free system distributions are
+listed in <a href="/distros/free-non-gnu-distros.html">a separate
file</a>.</p>
<p>We list <a href="/links/companies.html">companies that sell
hardware
preinstalled with a free GNU/Linux distribution</a> separately.</p>
@@ -208,7 +211,7 @@
the <a href="/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html">Free
System Distribution Guidelines</a> and would like to be listed here,
please write to us
-at <a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>
+at <a <span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a></strong></del></span>
<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a></em></ins></span>
with an introduction and a link to the project Web site. When you do,
we'll explain more about our evaluation process to you, and get
started on it quickly. We look forward to hearing from you!</p>
@@ -245,7 +248,7 @@
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
- be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this
+ be under CC BY-ND <span class="removed"><del><strong>3.0
US.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>4.0.</em></ins></span> Please do NOT change or
remove this
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
@@ -260,17 +263,18 @@
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
-<p>Copyright © 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+<p>Copyright © 2014, 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
-href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
-Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
<p class="unprintable">Updated:
<!-- timestamp start -->
-$Date: 2014/11/27 23:57:20 $
+$Date: 2015/08/24 16:59:34 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
</div>
Index: po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar-diff.html
diff -N po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.ar-diff.html 24 Aug 2015 16:59:35
-0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
+<title>Free System Distribution Guidelines (GNU FSDG) - GNU Project -
Free Software Foundation</title>
+<link rel="alternate" title="Free GNU/Linux distributions"
+ href="http://www.gnu.org/distros/distros.rss";
+ type="application/rss+xml" />
+<!--#include
virtual="/distros/po/free-system-distribution-guidelines.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>Free System Distribution Guidelines (GNU FSDG)</h2>
+<!--#include virtual="/licenses/fsf-licensing.html" -->
+
+<h3 id="introduction">Introduction</h3>
+
+<p>The purpose of these guidelines is to explain what it means for an
+installable system distribution (such as a GNU/Linux distribution) to
+qualify as <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">free</a> (libre), and
+help distribution developers make their distributions qualify.</p>
+
+<p>These guidelines are not complete. We have mentioned the issues we
+are aware of now, but we're sure there are more. We will add them
+when we come across them.</p>
+
+<p>We would like to thank the Fedora Project for their help in focusing
+these policies, and allowing us to use their own distribution license
+guidelines as a basis for this document.</p>
+
+<h3 id="complete-distros">Complete Distros</h3>
+
+<p>Our list of distributions is a guide for systems you can install in
+a computer. Therefore, it only includes distributions that are
+complete in themselves and ready to use. If a distribution is
+incomplete — if it requires further development, or presupposes
+installing other software as well — then it is not listed here,
+even if it is free software.</p>
+
+<p>An exception to this requirement and to the self-hosting
+requirement above is for <em>small system distributions</em>, which
+are distros designed for devices with limited resources, like a
+wireless router for example. Free small system distributions do not
+need to be self-hosting or complete, because it is impractical to do
+development on such a system, but it must be developable and buildable
+on top of a free complete system distribution from our list of
+distributions, perhaps with the aid of free tools distributed
+alongside the small system distribution itself.</p>
+
+<h3 id="license-rules">License Rules</h3>
+
+<p>“Information for practical use”
+includes software, documentation, fonts, and other data that has
+direct functional applications. It does not include artistic works
+that have an aesthetic (rather than functional) purpose, or statements
+of opinion or judgment.</p>
+
+<p>All information for practical use in a free distribution must be
+available in source form. (“Source” means the form of the
+information that is preferred for making changes to it.)</p>
+
+<p>The information, and the source, must be provided under an
+appropriate <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">free license</a>.
We
+evaluate specific licenses and list our determinations
+in <a class="reference" href="/licenses/license-list.html">our license
+list</a>, with separate sections for licenses that are suitable for
+software, documentation, fonts, and other useful works. If such a
+work is released under a disjunction of licenses, the work is free as
+long as at least one of its licenses is free; the system developers
+should follow the terms of the applicable free license(s) when they
+distribute and/or modify it.</p>
+
+<p>A free system distribution must not steer users towards obtaining
+any nonfree information for practical use, or encourage them to do so.
+The system should have no repositories for nonfree software and no
+specific recipes for installation of particular nonfree programs. Nor
+should the distribution refer to third-party repositories that are not
+committed to only including free software; even if they only have free
+software today, that may not be true tomorrow. Programs in the system
+should not suggest installing nonfree plugins, documentation, and so
+on.</p>
+
+<p>A free system distribution should be self-hosting. This means that
+you must be able to develop and build the system with tools that the
+system provides you. As a result, a free system distribution cannot
+include free software that can only be built by using nonfree
+software.</p>
+
+<p>There's a lot of code in most free system distributions today; the
+amount of effort it would take to audit it all directly is impractical
+for most teams. In the past, some nonfree code has accidentally been
+included in free system distributions. We don't de-list distributions
+because of this; instead, we only ask that a distribution's developers
+make a good faith effort to avoid including nonfree software, and
+commit themselves to removing such programs if any are discovered.</p>
+
+<p>Certain kinds of license situations merit special attention for people
+creating or considering free software distributions; those are
+discussed in the sections below.</p>
+
+<h3 id="nonfree-firmware">Nonfree Firmware</h3>
+
+<p>Some applications and drivers require firmware to function, and
+sometimes that firmware is distributed only in object code form, under
+a nonfree license. We call these firmware programs
+“blobs.” On most GNU/Linux systems, you'll typically find
+these accompanying some drivers in the kernel Linux. Such firmware
+should be removed from a free system distribution.</p>
+
+<p>Blobs can take many forms. Sometimes, they will be provided in
+separate files. Other times, they may be incorporated into the source
+of the driver itself—for example, it could be encoded as a large
+array of numbers. But no matter how it's encoded, any nonfree
+firmware needs to be removed from a free system.</p>
+
+<p>(To be clear, not every array of numbers in a driver is firmware.
+It's important to understand the purpose of the data before deciding
+whether or not it's appropriate for a free system.)</p>
+
+<p>Brian Brazil, Jeff Moe, and Alexandre Oliva have developed a series
+of <a class="reference"
+href="http://www.fsfla.org/svn/fsfla/software/linux-libre/scripts/">scripts
+to remove nonfree firmware</a> from a stock version of the Linux kernel.
+You may find them helpful if you would like to develop your own free
+GNU/Linux distribution—although we recommend joining development
+of an existing free distro rather than fragmenting effort by starting a
+new one. The complete source for a blob-free version of the Linux
+kernel is also available; you can learn more about this project from the
+<a class="reference" href="http://directory.fsf.org/project/linux/">Free
+Software Directory</a>.</p>
+
+<h3 id="non-functional-data">Non-functional Data</h3>
+
+<p>Data that isn't functional, that doesn't do a practical job, is
+more of an adornment to the system's software than a part of it.
+Thus, we don't insist on the free license criteria for non-functional
+data. It can be included in a free system distribution as long as its
+license gives you permission to copy and redistribute, both for
+commercial and non-commercial purposes. For example, some game
+engines released under the GNU GPL have accompanying game
+information—a fictional world map, game graphics, and so
+on—released under such a verbatim-distribution license. This
+kind of data can be part of a free system distribution, even though
+its license does not qualify as free, because it is non-functional.</p>
+
+<h3 id="trademarks">Trademarks</h3>
+
+<p>Trademarks are associated with some software. For example, the
+name of a program may be trademarked, or its interface may display a
+trademarked logo. Often, the use of these marks will be controlled
+in some way; in particular, developers are commonly asked to remove
+references to the trademark from the software when they modify
+it.</p>
+
+<p>In extreme cases, these restrictions may effectively render the
+program nonfree. It is unfair for someone to ask you to remove a
+trademark from modified code if that trademark is scattered all
+throughout the original source. As long as the practical
+requirements are reasonable, however, free system distributions may
+include these programs, either with or without the trademarks.</p>
+
+<p>Similarly, the distribution itself may hold particular trademarks.
+It is not a problem if modification requires removal of these
+trademarks, as long as they can readily be removed without losing
+functionality.</p>
+
+<p>However, it is unacceptable to use trademarks to restrict verbatim
+copying and redistribution of the whole distribution, or any part.</p>
+
+<h3 id="documentation">Documentation</h3>
+
+<p>All the documentation in a free system distribution must be released
+under an appropriate free license. Additionally, it must take care
+not to recommend nonfree software.</p>
+
+<p>In general, something that helps people who already use nonfree
+software to use the free software better with it is acceptable, but
+something that encourages users of the free software to install
+nonfree software is not.</p>
+
+<p>For example, a free system distribution may have documentation for
+users setting up dual boot systems. It could explain how to access
+filesystems of the proprietary operating system, import settings
+from it, and so on. That would be helping people install a free
+system distribution on a machine which already has proprietary
+software, which is good.</p>
+
+<p>What would be unacceptable is for the documentation to give people
+instructions for installing a nonfree program on the system, or
+mention conveniences they might gain by doing so.</p>
+
+<p>For a borderline case, a clear and serious exhortation not to use the
+nonfree program would move it to the acceptable side of the line.</p>
+
+<h3 id="patents">Patents</h3>
+
+<p>It is effectively impossible for free software developers and
+distributors to know whether or not a given piece of software
+infringes any patents: there are too many of them, they vary from
+country to country, they're often worded so as to make it hard to tell
+what they do or don't cover, and it isn't easy to tell which ones are
+valid. Therefore, we don't generally ask free system distributions to
+exclude software because of possible threats from patents. On the
+other hand, we also don't object if a distributor chooses to omit some
+software in order to avoid patent risk.</p>
+
+<h3 id="no-malware">No Malware</h3>
+
+<p>The distro must contain no DRM, no back doors, and no
spyware.</p>
+
+<h3 id="mistakes">Commitment to Correct Mistakes</h3>
+
+<p>Most distribution development teams don't have the resources to
+exhaustively check that their distribution meet all these criteria.
+Neither do we. So we expect distros to occasionally contain mistakes:
+nonfree software that slipped through, etc. We don't reject a
+distribution over mistakes. Our requirement is for the distribution
+developers to have a firm commitment to promptly correct any mistakes
+that are reported to them.</p>
+
+<h3 id="maintenance">Maintenance</h3>
+
+<p>To be listed, a distribution should be actively maintained,
+and should give the GNU Project a clear and specific way to report problems
+of nonfree software that we find out about. It should also
+inform us when the problems we have reported are fixed.</p>
+
+<h3 id="name-confusion">Name Confusion</h3>
+
+<p>We will not list a distribution whose name makes confusion with
+nonfree distributions likely. For example, if Foobar Light is a free
+distribution and Foobar is a nonfree distribution, we will not list
+Foobar Light. This is because we expect that the distinction between
+the two would be lost in the process of communicating the message.</p>
+
+<p>In particular, the principal name of the free distribution
+(“Foobar”, in this example) should not be part of the name
+of any nonfree distribution.</p>
+
+<p>Some people have thought of adding the name “GNU” to a
+free distro name to distinguish it from a nonfree one. This has two
+problems. First, the two names would not be sufficiently different,
+since the principal word in both names would be the same.</p>
+
+<p>Second, this would promote a misunderstanding of what
+“GNU” means. <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU is an
+operating system</a>, typically used with Linux as the kernel, and
+essentially all so-called “Linux” distributions are really
+GNU/Linux distributions. In this scenario,
+<em>both</em> versions are GNU/Linux, and it would be misleading to
+omit “GNU” from the name of one of them.</p>
+
+<h3 id="upstream">Contacting Upstream If You're Downstream</h3>
+
+<p>For distro developers (or anyone else) who have sent an important bug
+report for a GNU package: if it has gone unheeded by the package
+maintainer after a reasonable time (please allow at least two weeks),
+you can escalate the bug by writing to <address@hidden>.
+This is especially warranted if you can't find evidence of recent
+activity by the package maintainer.</p>
+
+<h3 id="teaching">Please Teach Users about Free Software</h3>
+
+<p>To establish lasting freedom, just giving users freedom isn't
+sufficient. It is necessary also to teach them to understand what it
+means and to demand it. Thus, we suggest and urge that free distros
+announce prominently on the screen, before login and on the default
+desktop after login, a prominent statement about freedom, such as
+“This system is freedom-respecting free/libre software” or
+something comparable, and to present a link or icon pointing at
+gnu.org or gnu.org/philosophy for further information about the
+issue.</p>
+
+<h3 id="words-to-avoid">Please Avoid Repeating Propaganda and
Confusion</h3>
+
+<p>Please see our list
+of <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">words to avoid</a>,
which
+are either biased, misguided or misleading, and try to avoid them in
+your public statements and discussions with the public.</p>
+
+<h3 id="final-notes">Final Notes</h3>
+
+<p>We maintain a list of the <a
href="/distros/free-distros.html">free
+GNU system distributions</a> we know about. If you know about a free
+distribution that isn't listed there, please ask its developers write
+to <<a class="reference"
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>></strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>></em></ins></span>
with a description of
+their system and a link to their web page.</p>
+
+<p>We also list <a href="/distros/free-non-gnu-distros.html">free
+non-GNU system distributions</a> on the same ethical
conditions.</p>
+
+<p>If you have questions or comments about these guidelines
+themselves, feel free to send those to <<a class="reference"
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>>.</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="mailto:address@hidden">address@hidden</a>>.</em></ins></span>
We hope
+that they help everyone better understand the issues that are important
+for free system distributions, and we look forward to promoting more
+of them in the future.</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
+ files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
+ be under CC BY-ND <span class="removed"><del><strong>3.0
US.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>4.0.</em></ins></span> Please do NOT change or
remove this
+ without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
+ Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
+ document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
+ document was modified, or published.
+
+ If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
+ Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
+ years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
+ year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
+ being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
+
+ There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
+ Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
+
+<p>Copyright © 2014, 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative</strong></del></span>
+<span
class="inserted"><ins><em>href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative</em></ins></span>
+Commons <span class="removed"><del><strong>Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United
States</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0
International</em></ins></span> License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<p class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2015/08/24 16:59:35 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
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