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www/philosophy bsd.ca.html po/bsd.ca-diff.html
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From: |
GNUN |
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Subject: |
www/philosophy bsd.ca.html po/bsd.ca-diff.html |
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Date: |
Sun, 01 Jun 2014 18:58:19 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: GNUN <gnun> 14/06/01 18:58:19
Modified files:
philosophy : bsd.ca.html
Added files:
philosophy/po : bsd.ca-diff.html
Log message:
Automatic update by GNUnited Nations.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/bsd.ca.html?cvsroot=www&r1=1.28&r2=1.29
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/bsd.ca-diff.html?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: bsd.ca.html
===================================================================
RCS file: /web/www/www/philosophy/bsd.ca.html,v
retrieving revision 1.28
retrieving revision 1.29
diff -u -b -r1.28 -r1.29
--- bsd.ca.html 14 Mar 2014 05:40:51 -0000 1.28
+++ bsd.ca.html 1 Jun 2014 18:58:13 -0000 1.29
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+<!--#set var="PO_FILE"
+ value='<a href="/philosophy/po/bsd.ca.po">
+ http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/po/bsd.ca.po</a>'
+ --><!--#set var="ORIGINAL_FILE" value="/philosophy/bsd.html"
+ --><!--#set var="DIFF_FILE" value="/philosophy/po/bsd.ca-diff.html"
+ --><!--#set var="OUTDATED_SINCE" value="2014-04-02" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.ca.html" -->
@@ -10,6 +16,7 @@
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/bsd.translist" -->
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.ca.html" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/outdated.ca.html" -->
<h2>El problema de la llicència BSD</h2>
<p>
@@ -207,7 +214,7 @@
<p></p><p class="unprintable"><!-- timestamp start -->
Updated:
-$Date: 2014/03/14 05:40:51 $
+$Date: 2014/06/01 18:58:13 $
<!-- timestamp end -->
</p>
Index: po/bsd.ca-diff.html
===================================================================
RCS file: po/bsd.ca-diff.html
diff -N po/bsd.ca-diff.html
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ po/bsd.ca-diff.html 1 Jun 2014 18:58:17 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd";>
+<!-- Generated by GNUN -->
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"; xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>/philosophy/bsd.html-diff</title>
+<style type="text/css">
+span.removed { background-color: #f22; color: #000; }
+span.inserted { background-color: #2f2; color: #000; }
+</style></head>
+<body><pre>
+<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
+<!-- Parent-Version: <span
class="removed"><del><strong>1.76</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>1.77</em></ins></span> -->
+<title>BSD License Problem
+- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
+<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/bsd.translist" -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
+<h2>The BSD License Problem</h2>
+
+<p>
+ The two major categories of free software license are <a
+ href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a> and <a
+ href="/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware">
+ non-copyleft </a>. <a
+ href="/licenses/license-list.html#GPLCompatibleLicenses">Copyleft
+ licenses</a> such as the <a href="/licenses/gpl.html">GNU
+ GPL</a> insist that modified versions of the program must be
+ free software as well. Non-copyleft licenses do not insist on this.
+ <a href="/philosophy/why-copyleft.html">We recommend
copyleft</a>,
+ because it protects freedom for all users, but non-copylefted
+ software can still be free software, and useful to the free software
+ community.
+</p>
+
+<p>There are many variants of simple <a
+href="/licenses/license-list.html#GPLCompatibleLicenses">non-copyleft
+free software licenses</a>, such as the Expat license, FreeBSD license,
+X10 license, the X11 license, and the two BSD (Berkeley Software
+Distribution) licenses. Most of them are equivalent except for details
+of wording, but the license used for BSD until 1999 had a special
+problem: the “obnoxious BSD advertising clause”. It said that every
+advertisement mentioning the software must include a particular
+sentence:</p>
+
+<pre>
+3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+ must display the following acknowledgement:
+ This product includes software developed by the University of
+ California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+</pre>
+
+<p>
+ Initially the obnoxious BSD advertising clause was used only in the
+ Berkeley Software Distribution. That did not cause any particular
+ problem, because including one sentence in an ad is not a great
+ practical difficulty.
+</p>
+<p>
+ If other developers who used BSD-like licenses had copied the BSD
+ advertising clause verbatim—including the sentence that refers to
+ the University of California—then they would not have made the
+ problem any bigger.
+</p>
+<p>
+ But, as you might expect, other developers did not copy the clause
+ verbatim. They changed it, replacing “University of
California”
+ with their own institution or their own names. The result is a
+ plethora of licenses, requiring a plethora of different sentences.
+</p>
+<p>
+ When people put many such programs together in an operating system,
+ the result is a serious problem. Imagine if a software system
+ required 75 different sentences, each one naming a different author
+ or group of authors. To advertise that, you would need a full-page
+ ad.
+</p>
+<p>
+ This might seem like extrapolation ad absurdum, but it is actual
+ fact. In a 1997
+ version of NetBSD, I counted 75 of these sentences. (Fortunately
+ NetBSD has decided to stop adding them, and to remove those it could.)
+</p>
+<p>
+ To address this problem, in my “spare time” I talk with
+ developers who have used BSD-style licenses, asking them if they would
+ please remove the advertising clause. Around 1996 I spoke with the
+ developers of FreeBSD about this, and they decided to remove the
+ advertising clause from all of their own code. In May 1998 the developers
+ of Flick, at the University of Utah, removed this clause.
+</p>
+<p>
+ Dean Hal Varian at the University of California took up the cause,
+ and championed it with the administration. In June 1999, after two
+ years of discussions, the University of California removed this
+ clause from the license of BSD.
+</p>
+<p>
+ Thus, there is now a new BSD license which does not contain the
+ advertising clause. Unfortunately, this does not eliminate the
+ legacy of the advertising clause: similar clauses are still present
+ in the licenses of many packages which are not part of BSD. The
+ change in license for BSD has no effect on the other packages which
+ imitated the old BSD license; only the developers who made them can
+ change them.
+</p>
+<p>
+ But if they followed Berkeley's lead before, maybe Berkeley's
+ change in policy will convince some of them to change. It's worth
+ asking.
+</p>
+<p>
+ So if you have a favorite package which still uses the BSD license
+ with the advertising clause, please ask the maintainer to look at
+ this web page, and consider making the change.
+</p>
+<p>
+ And if you want to release a program as non-copylefted free
+ software, please don't use the advertising clause. Thus, instead of
+ copying the BSD license from some released package—which might
+ still have the old version of the license in it—please use one
+ of the other permissive licenses, such as Expat or FreeBSD.
+</p>
+<p>
+ You can also help spread awareness of the issue by not using the
+ term “BSD-style”, and not saying “the BSD license”
+ which implies there is only one. You see, when people refer to all
+ non-copyleft free software licenses as “BSD-style licenses”,
+ some new free software developer who wants to use a non-copyleft free
+ software license might take for granted that the place to get it is from
+ BSD. He or she might copy the license with the advertising clause, not by
+ specific intention, just by chance.
+</p>
+<p>
+ If you would like to cite one specific example of a non-copyleft
+ license, and you have no particular preference, please pick an
+ example which has no particular problem. For instance, if you talk
+ about “X11-style licenses”, you will encourage people to copy
the
+ license from X11, which avoids the advertising clause for certain,
+ rather than take a risk by randomly choosing one of the BSD
+ licenses.
+</p>
+<p>
+ Or you could mention the non-copyleft license
+ which <a href="/licenses/license-recommendations.html"> we
+ recommend over the other non-copyleft licenses</a>: the Apache 2.0
+ license, which has a clause to prevent <span
class="removed"><del><strong>patent treachery.</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>treachery with patents.</em></ins></span>
+</p>
+<p>
+ When you want to refer specifically to one of the BSD licenses,
+ please always state which one: the “original BSD license” or
the
+ “revised BSD license”.
+</p>
+
+</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
+<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
+<div id="footer">
+<div class="unprintable">
+
+<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to
+<a href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.
+There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
+the FSF. Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
+to <a
href="mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+ replace it with the translation of these two:
+
+ We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+ translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+ Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+ to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+ <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+
+ <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+ our web pages, see <a
+ href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+ README</a>. -->
+Please see the <a
+href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
+of this article.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2007, <span
class="removed"><del><strong>2013</strong></del></span> <span
class="inserted"><ins><em>2013, 2014</em></ins></span>
+Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
+
+<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
+href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
+Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
+
+<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
+
+<span
class="removed"><del><strong><p></p><p</strong></del></span>
+
+<span class="inserted"><ins><em><p</em></ins></span>
class="unprintable">Updated:
+<!-- timestamp start -->
+$Date: 2014/06/01 18:58:17 $
+<!-- timestamp end -->
+</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+</body>
+</html>
+</pre></body></html>
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