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www/gnu/po thegnuproject.uk.po
From: |
Pavel Kharitonov |
Subject: |
www/gnu/po thegnuproject.uk.po |
Date: |
Fri, 11 Oct 2013 07:12:30 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Pavel Kharitonov <ineiev> 13/10/11 07:12:30
Added files:
gnu/po : thegnuproject.uk.po
Log message:
New translation RT #862717.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/gnu/po/thegnuproject.uk.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: thegnuproject.uk.po
===================================================================
RCS file: thegnuproject.uk.po
diff -N thegnuproject.uk.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ thegnuproject.uk.po 11 Oct 2013 07:12:30 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,2327 @@
+# Ukrainian translation of http://www.gnu.org/gnu/thegnuproject.html
+# Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+#
+# Andriy Bandura <address@hidden>, 2013.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: thegnuproject.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2013-04-19 22:25+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-10-11 10:03+0300\n"
+"Last-Translator: Andriy Bandura <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Ukrainian <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: ENCODING"
+"Language: uk\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<"
+"=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
+"X-Generator: Lokalize 1.5\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid "About the GNU Project - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr "ÐÑо пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд вÑлÑного
пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ"
+
+#. type: Attribute 'content' of: <meta>
+msgid "GNU, GNU Project, FSF, Free Software, Free Software Foundation, History"
+msgstr ""
+"GNU, пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU, ФСÐÐ, вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами, Фонд
вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного "
+"забезпеÑеннÑ, ÑÑÑоÑÑÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "The GNU Project"
+msgstr "ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"by <a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\"><strong>Richard "
+"Stallman</strong></a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"http://www.stallman.org/\"><strong>Ð ÑÑаÑд
СÑолмен</strong></a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid ""
+"Originally published in the book <em>Open Sources</em>. Richard Stallman "
+"was <a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\"> never a "
+"supporter of “open source”</a>, but contributed this article so "
+"that the ideas of the free software movement would not be entirely absent "
+"from that book."
+msgstr ""
+"СпоÑаÑÐºÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÑблÑковано в ÐºÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ñ <em>ÐÑдкÑиÑÑ
виÑ
ÑÐ´Ð½Ñ ÑекÑÑи</em>. Ð ÑÑаÑд "
+"СÑолмен <a href=\"/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html\">
нÑколи "
+"не бÑв пÑиÑ
илÑником “вÑдкÑиÑого виÑ
Ñдного кодє</a>, але вÑн "
+"пеÑедав ÑÑ ÑÑаÑÑÑ, Ñоб ÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑÑÑ
Ñ Ð·Ð° вÑлÑне
пÑогÑамне забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+"не бÑли вÑдÑÑÑÐ½Ñ Ð² ÑÑй ÐºÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The first software-sharing community"
+msgstr "ÐеÑÑе гÑомада обмÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамами"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"When I started working at the <acronym title=\"Massachusetts Institute of "
+"Technology\">MIT</acronym> Artificial Intelligence Lab in 1971, I became "
+"part of a software-sharing community that had existed for many years. "
+"Sharing of software was not limited to our particular community; it is as "
+"old as computers, just as sharing of recipes is as old as cooking. But we "
+"did it more than most."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðоли в 1971 ÑоÑÑ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ñав пÑаÑÑваÑи в
ÐабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑного "
+"ÑнÑелекÑÑ <acronym title=\"Massachusetts Institute of "
+"Technology\">MIT</acronym>, Ñ ÑÑав ÑаÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ñ "
+"гÑомади обмÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамами, Ñка ÑÑнÑвало
пÑоÑÑгом багаÑÑоÑ
"
+"ÑокÑв. ÐбмÑн пÑогÑамами не обмежÑвавÑÑ
наÑÐ¾Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑпÑлÑноÑоÑ; вÑн бÑв "
+"Ñак Ñамо ÑÑаÑий, Ñк комп'ÑÑеÑи, подÑбно до
Ñого, Ñк обмÑн ÑеÑепÑами, Ñак Ñамо "
+"ÑÑаÑий, Ñк кÑлÑнаÑÑÑ. Ðле ми займалиÑÑ Ñим
бÑлÑÑе, нÑж ÑнÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The AI Lab used a timesharing operating system called <acronym "
+"title=\"Incompatible Timesharing System\">ITS</acronym> (the Incompatible "
+"Timesharing System) that the lab's staff hackers (1) had designed and "
+"written in assembler language for the Digital <acronym title=\"Programmed "
+"Data Processor\">PDP</acronym>-10, one of the large computers of the era. "
+"As a member of this community, an AI Lab staff system hacker, my job was to "
+"improve this system."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ Ð¨Ð (Ð´Ð°Ð»Ñ ÐШÐ) коÑиÑÑÑвалаÑÑ
опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ñд Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ñ <"
+"acronym "
+"title=\"Incompatible Timesharing System\">ITS</acronym> (ÐеÑÑмÑÑна
ÑиÑÑема "
+"подÑÐ»Ñ ÑаÑÑ), ÑÐºÑ "
+"ÑÑаÑÐ½Ñ Ñ
акеÑи (1) лабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ ÑпÑоекÑÑвали
Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñали на Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð°ÑемблеÑа "
+"комп'ÑÑеÑа <abbr title=\"Programmed Data Processor\">PDP</abbr>-10
компанÑÑ "
+"Digital, одного з великиÑ
комп'ÑÑеÑÑв ÑÑÑÑ
епоÑ
и. ÐÐ¾Ñ ÑобоÑа Ñк Ñлена "
+"ÑпÑлÑноÑи, ÑÑаÑного Ñ
акеÑа ÐШÐ, полÑгала в
полÑпÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We did not call our software “free software”, because that term "
+"did not yet exist; but that is what it was. Whenever people from another "
+"university or a company wanted to port and use a program, we gladly let "
+"them. If you saw someone using an unfamiliar and interesting program, you "
+"could always ask to see the source code, so that you could read it, change "
+"it, or cannibalize parts of it to make a new program."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðи не називали ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами “вÑлÑними
пÑогÑамами”, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"Ñо Ñакого ÑеÑмÑÐ½Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑÑнÑвало; але Ñаме
Ñим вони Ñ Ð±Ñли. Ðоли лÑди з "
+"ÑнÑого ÑнÑвеÑÑиÑеÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ компанÑÑ Ñ
оÑÑли
пеÑенеÑÑи або ÑкоÑиÑÑаÑиÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑамоÑ, ми завжди з ÑадÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñли
Ñм Ñе. ЯкÑо ви баÑили, Ñо Ñ
ÑоÑÑ "
+"коÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð¾Ð¼Ñй Ñа ÑÑкавоÑ
пÑогÑамоÑ, ви завжди могли попÑоÑиÑи "
+"поглÑнÑÑи на виÑ
Ñдний ÑекÑÑ, Ñоб його
можна бÑло пÑоÑиÑаÑи, змÑниÑи або "
+"ÑозÑбÑаÑи на запÑаÑÑини Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ
пÑогÑами."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(1) The use of “hacker” to mean “security breaker” "
+"is a confusion on the part of the mass media. We hackers refuse to "
+"recognize that meaning, and continue using the word to mean someone who "
+"loves to program, someone who enjoys playful cleverness, or the combination "
+"of the two. See my article, <a "
+"href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/on-hacking.html\">On Hacking</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"(1) ÐÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñлова “Ñ
акеє Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑеннÑ
“зломлÑÐ²Ð°Ñ "
+"заÑ
иÑÑÑ” помилка, ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¸
зобов'ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ñобам маÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ "
+"ÑнÑоÑмаÑÑÑ. Ðи, Ñ
акеÑи, вÑдмовлÑÑмоÑÑ
визнаваÑи Ñе знаÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¹ пÑодовжÑÑмо "
+"вживаÑи Ñе Ñлово в знаÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ “Ñой, Ñ
Ñо
лÑбиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑваÑи, Ñ
Ñо "
+"оÑÑимÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð²Ñд гÑи дÑмки, або
комбÑнаÑÑÑ Ñ Ñого, Ñ "
+"ÑнÑого”. Ðив. Ð¼Ð¾Ñ ÑÑаÑÑÑ <a
href=\"http://stallman.org/articles/"
+"on-hacking.html\"> “ÐÑо Ñ
акеÑÑÑво”</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The collapse of the community"
+msgstr "ÐÐ°Ð³Ð¸Ð±ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð³Ñомади"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The situation changed drastically in the early 1980s when Digital "
+"discontinued the PDP-10 series. Its architecture, elegant and powerful in "
+"the 60s, could not extend naturally to the larger address spaces that were "
+"becoming feasible in the 80s. This meant that nearly all of the programs "
+"composing ITS were obsolete."
+msgstr ""
+"СиÑÑаÑÑÑ ÑÑзко змÑнилоÑÑ Ð½Ð° поÑаÑкÑ
вÑÑÑмдеÑÑÑиÑ
ÑокÑв XX ÑÑолÑÑÑÑ, коли "
+"компанÑÑ Digital пÑипинила поÑÑаÑаннÑ
Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑеÑÑÑ PDP-10. ÐÑ "
+"аÑÑ
ÑÑекÑÑÑа, виÑонÑена Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑжна длÑ
ÑÑÑÑдеÑÑÑиÑ
, не могла пÑиÑодним "
+"Ñином ÑозÑиÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð½Ð° мÑÑÑкÑÑÑ Ð°Ð´ÑеÑнÑ
пÑоÑÑоÑи, ÑÐºÑ "
+"ÑÑавали доÑÑÐ¶Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑмдеÑÑÑиÑ
. Це
ознаÑало, Ñо майже вÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами, "
+"ÑÐºÑ Ñкладали ITS, заÑÑаÑÑли."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The AI Lab hacker community had already collapsed, not long before. In "
+"1981, the spin-off company Symbolics had hired away nearly all of the "
+"hackers from the AI Lab, and the depopulated community was unable to "
+"maintain itself. (The book Hackers, by Steve Levy, describes these events, "
+"as well as giving a clear picture of this community in its prime.) When the "
+"AI Lab bought a new PDP-10 in 1982, its administrators decided to use "
+"Digital's nonfree timesharing system instead of ITS."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑомада Ñ
акеÑÑв ÐШРвже ÑозвалилаÑÑ
незадовго до ÑÑого. У 1981 ÑоÑÑ "
+"вÑддÑлилаÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÑÑ Symbolics, Ñка
пеÑеманила майже вÑÑÑ
Ñ
акеÑÑв з ÐШÐ, Ñ "
+"знелÑднÑла гÑомада бÑла не в змозÑ
пÑдÑÑимÑваÑи Ñебе (в ÐºÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð¡ÑÑва "
+"ÐÐµÐ²Ñ “ХакеÑи” опиÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÑ, а
Ñакож дана ÑÑна каÑÑина "
+"ÑÑÑÑ ÑпÑлÑноÑи Ñ ÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑ ÑозквÑÑÑ.) Ðоли в
1982 ÑоÑÑ ÐШРкÑпила Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ "
+"PDP-10, адмÑнÑÑÑÑаÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÑÑÑила
коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ "
+"ÑаÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½ÑÑ Digital замÑÑÑÑ ITS."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The modern computers of the era, such as the VAX or the 68020, had their own "
+"operating systems, but none of them were free software: you had to sign a "
+"nondisclosure agreement even to get an executable copy."
+msgstr ""
+"У ÑÑÑаÑниÑ
комп'ÑÑеÑÑв ÑÑÑÑ ÐµÐ¿Ð¾Ñ
и, ÑакиÑ
,
Ñк VAX або 68020, бÑли ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ "
+"влаÑÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑеми, але жодна з ниÑ
не бÑла вÑлÑноÑ: "
+"доводилоÑÑ Ð¿ÑдпиÑÑваÑи договÑÑ Ð¿Ñо
неÑозголоÑеннÑ, Ñоб оÑÑимаÑи Ñ
оÑа б "
+"копÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑваниÑ
ÑайлÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"This meant that the first step in using a computer was to promise not to "
+"help your neighbor. A cooperating community was forbidden. The rule made "
+"by the owners of proprietary software was, “If you share with your "
+"neighbor, you are a pirate. If you want any changes, beg us to make "
+"them.”"
+msgstr ""
+"Це ознаÑало, Ñо пеÑÑим кÑоком Ñ
коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿'ÑÑеÑом бÑла обÑÑÑнка не "
+"допомагаÑи ÑвоÑÐ¼Ñ ÑÑÑÑдовÑ. СпÑвпÑаÑÑ Ñ
гÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð±Ñла забоÑонена. ÐÑавило, "
+"вÑÑановлене влаÑниками невÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам, ÑÑвеÑджÑвало: “ЯкÑо ви "
+"обмÑнÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð·Ñ ÑвоÑм ÑÑÑÑдом, Ñо ви
пÑÑаÑ. ЯкÑо вам поÑÑÑÐ±Ð½Ñ "
+"бÑдÑ-ÑÐºÑ "
+"змÑни, пÑоÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑÑи ÑÑ
”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The idea that the proprietary software social system—the system that "
+"says you are not allowed to share or change software—is antisocial, "
+"that it is unethical, that it is simply wrong, may come as a surprise to "
+"some readers. But what else could we say about a system based on dividing "
+"the public and keeping users helpless? Readers who find the idea surprising "
+"may have taken the proprietary software social system as a given, or judged "
+"it on the terms suggested by proprietary software businesses. Software "
+"publishers have worked long and hard to convince people that there is only "
+"one way to look at the issue."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑмка пÑо Ñе, Ñо ÑÑÑпÑлÑна ÑиÑÑема
невÑлÑного пÑогÑамного "
+"забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑема, в ÑкÑй
кажÑÑÑ, Ñо вам не дозволено "
+"обмÑнÑваÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамами або змÑнÑваÑи ÑÑ
анÑиÑоÑÑалÑна, Ñо "
+"вона нееÑиÑна, Ñо вона пÑоÑÑо непÑавилÑна,
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´ÐµÑкиÑ
ÑиÑаÑÑв може "
+"ÑÑаÑи неÑподÑванкоÑ. Ðле Ñо Ñе ми могли б
ÑказаÑи пÑо ÑиÑÑемÑ, заÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ "
+"на ÑомÑ, Ñо Ñоз'ÑднÑÑ Ð»Ñдей Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв
ÑобиÑÑ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¿Ð¾Ñадними? ЧиÑаÑÑ, "
+"Ñким ÑÑ Ð´Ñмка здаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑподÑваноÑ,
можливо, пÑийнÑли гÑомадÑÑÐºÑ "
+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñк Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð½Ñ ÑаÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ ÑÑдили пÑо
Ð½ÐµÑ "
+"Ñ ÑеÑмÑнаÑ
, запÑопонованиÑ
пÑдпÑиÑмÑÑвами, ÑÐºÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑними "
+"пÑогÑамами. ÐидавÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑам довго Ñ
наполегливо пÑаÑÑвали над Ñим, Ñоб "
+"пеÑеконаÑи лÑдей, Ñо на Ñе пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð°
дивиÑиÑÑ ÑÑлÑки з однÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"When software publishers talk about “enforcing” their "
+"“rights” or “stopping <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Piracy\">piracy</a>”, what they "
+"actually <em>say</em> is secondary. The real message of these statements is "
+"in the unstated assumptions they take for granted, which the public is asked "
+"to accept without examination. Let's therefore examine them."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðоли видавÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑам говоÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñо
“здÑйÑненнє ÑвоÑÑ
“ "
+"пÑав” або “пÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ <a
href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Pi"
+"racy\"> "
+"пÑÑаÑÑÑва</a>”, Ñе, Ñо вони <em>кажÑÑÑ</em> "
+"наÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð´Ñ Ñ Ð´ÑÑгоÑÑдним. СпÑавжнÑй змÑÑÑ
ÑиÑ
заÑв полÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð² "
+"невиÑловлениÑ
пÑипÑÑеннÑÑ
, ÑÐºÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸
вважаÑÑÑ Ñамо ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ð·ÑозÑмÑлими Ñ "
+"ÑÐºÑ ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑво пÑоÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑийнÑÑи без
пеÑевÑÑки. ÐÑже, давайÑе ÑÑ
пеÑевÑÑимо."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One assumption is that software companies have an unquestionable natural "
+"right to own software and thus have power over all its users. (If this were "
+"a natural right, then no matter how much harm it does to the public, we "
+"could not object.) Interestingly, the US Constitution and legal tradition "
+"reject this view; copyright is not a natural right, but an artificial "
+"government-imposed monopoly that limits the users' natural right to copy."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðдне з пÑипÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð² ÑомÑ, Ñо Ñ
пÑогÑамниÑ
компанÑÑÑ
Ñ "
+"незапеÑеÑне пÑиÑодне пÑаво володÑÑи
пÑогÑамами Ñ Ñим Ñамим володÑÑи "
+"Ð²Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ вÑÑма коÑиÑÑÑваÑами ÑиÑ
пÑогÑам. (ЯкÑо б Ñе бÑло "
+"пÑиÑодним пÑавом, Ñо незалежно вÑд Ñого,
ÑкÑлÑки Ñкоди Ñе Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ñ "
+"ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑвÑ, ми не могли б запеÑеÑÑваÑи.)
ЦÑкаво, Ñо конÑÑиÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¡Ð¨Ð Ñа "
+"ÑÑидиÑна ÑÑадиÑÑÑ Ð²ÑдкидаÑÑÑ ÑÑ ÑоÑкÑ
зоÑÑ; авÑоÑÑÑке пÑаво не Ñ "
+"пÑиÑодним, Ñе ÑÑÑÑна монополÑÑ, введена
деÑжавоÑ, Ñка "
+"обмежÑÑ Ð¿ÑиÑодне пÑаво коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв
копÑÑваÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another unstated assumption is that the only important thing about software "
+"is what jobs it allows you to do—that we computer users should not "
+"care what kind of society we are allowed to have."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐнÑе невиÑловлене пÑипÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð²
ÑомÑ, Ñо Ñдине, Ñо важливо в "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ — Ñе Ñе, ÑÐºÑ ÑобоÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð°
дозволÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ виконÑваÑи; Ñо "
+"наÑ, коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв комп'ÑÑеÑÑв, не повинно
ÑÑÑбÑваÑи, Ñкого ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑво "
+"нам дозволено маÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A third assumption is that we would have no usable software (or would never "
+"have a program to do this or that particular job) if we did not offer a "
+"company power over the users of the program. This assumption may have "
+"seemed plausible, before the free software movement demonstrated that we can "
+"make plenty of useful software without putting chains on it."
+msgstr ""
+"ТÑеÑÑ Ð¿ÑипÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð² ÑомÑ, Ñо Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ
не бÑло би пÑогÑам, Ñкими "
+"можна бÑло б коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ (Ñи нÑколи не
з'ÑвилоÑÑ Ð± пÑогÑами Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑÑÑÑ Ñи ÑнÑÐ¾Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑноÑ
задаÑÑ), ÑкÑо б ми не запÑопонÑвали "
+"компанÑÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ коÑиÑÑÑваÑами ÑÑÑÑ
пÑогÑами. Це пÑипÑÑеннÑ, можливо, "
+"здавалоÑÑ Ð¿ÑавдоподÑбним до Ñого, Ñк ÑÑÑ
за вÑлÑне пÑогÑамне "
+"забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑодемонÑÑÑÑвав, Ñо ми
можемо зÑобиÑи безлÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑниÑ
"
+"пÑогÑам, не накладаÑÑи на ниÑ
ланÑÑгÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If we decline to accept these assumptions, and judge these issues based on "
+"ordinary commonsense morality while placing the users first, we arrive at "
+"very different conclusions. Computer users should be free to modify "
+"programs to fit their needs, and free to share software, because helping "
+"other people is the basis of society."
+msgstr ""
+"ЯкÑо ми вÑдÑ
илÑÑмо ÑÑ Ð¿ÑипÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ ÑÑдимо
пÑо ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° оÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð»Ñ "
+"звиÑайного здоÑового ÒлÑздÑ, вÑддаÑÑи
пÑÑоÑиÑÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑам, Ñо ми пÑиÑ
одимо "
+"до "
+"зовÑÑм ÑнÑиÑ
виÑновкÑв. ÐоÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ
комп'ÑÑеÑÑв Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑÑи вÑлÑÐ½Ñ "
+"змÑнÑваÑи пÑогÑами пÑд ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑеби Ñ
обмÑнÑваÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамами, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо "
+"допомога ÑнÑим лÑдÑм ÑÑановиÑÑ Ð¾ÑновÑ
ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑва."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There is no room here for an extensive statement of the reasoning behind "
+"this conclusion, so I refer the reader to the web page, <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/why-free.html\"> "
+"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ТÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑаÑнÑо мÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑин, Ñо пÑизводÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑÑого "
+"виÑновкÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð²ÑдÑÐ¸Ð»Ð°Ñ ÑиÑаÑа до
ÑÑоÑÑнки <a href=\"/philosophy/why-"
+"free.html\"> http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "A stark moral choice"
+msgstr "ТвеÑдий моÑалÑний вибÑÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"With my community gone, to continue as before was impossible. Instead, I "
+"faced a stark moral choice."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑкÑлÑки Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ð³Ñомада зникла, Ñ Ð½Ðµ мÑг
пÑодовжÑваÑи жиÑи, Ñк ÑанÑÑе. "
+"ÐамÑÑÑÑ ÑÑого пеÑÐµÐ´Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑав ÑвеÑдий
моÑалÑний вибÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The easy choice was to join the proprietary software world, signing "
+"nondisclosure agreements and promising not to help my fellow hacker. Most "
+"likely I would also be developing software that was released under "
+"nondisclosure agreements, thus adding to the pressure on other people to "
+"betray their fellows too."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐайлегÑе бÑло пÑиÑднаÑиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑвÑÑÑ
невÑлÑного пÑогÑамного "
+"забезпеÑеннÑ, пÑдпиÑÑÑÑи договоÑи пÑо
неÑозголоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÑÑÑи не допомагаÑи "
+"ÑвоÑÐ¼Ñ "
+"бÑаÑовÑ-Ñ
акеÑÑ. ШвидÑе за вÑе, Ñ Ñакож ÑÑав
би ÑозÑоблÑÑи пÑогÑами, ÑÐºÑ "
+"випÑÑкали б на ÑмоваÑ
неÑозголоÑеннÑ,
збÑлÑÑÑÑÑи Ñаким Ñином ÑиÑк на "
+"ÑнÑиÑ
лÑдей, Ñоб вони Ñеж зÑадили ÑвоÑÑ
побÑаÑимÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I could have made money this way, and perhaps amused myself writing code. "
+"But I knew that at the end of my career, I would look back on years of "
+"building walls to divide people, and feel I had spent my life making the "
+"world a worse place."
+msgstr ""
+"Я мÑг би заÑоблÑÑи на ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð³ÑоÑÑ, Ñ
можливо, Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±Ñло б ÑÑкаво "
+"пиÑаÑи пÑогÑами. Ðле Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð², Ñо в кÑнÑÑ
ÑвоÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ñ'ÑÑи Ñ Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑнÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
+"минÑÐ»Ñ Ñоки, в ÑÐºÑ Ñ Ð±ÑдÑвав ÑÑÑни, Ñоб
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+"Ñо Ñ Ð¿ÑовÑв ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑÑ, ÑоблÑÑи ÑвÑÑ
гÑÑÑим."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I had already experienced being on the receiving end of a nondisclosure "
+"agreement, when someone refused to give me and the MIT AI Lab the source "
+"code for the control program for our printer. (The lack of certain features "
+"in this program made use of the printer extremely frustrating.) So I could "
+"not tell myself that nondisclosure agreements were innocent. I was very "
+"angry when he refused to share with us; I could not turn around and do the "
+"same thing to everyone else."
+msgstr ""
+"Я вже вÑдÑÑв на ÑобÑ, Ñо бÑваÑ, ÑкÑо ÑнÑÑ
пÑдпиÑÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¿Ñо "
+"неÑозголоÑеннÑ, коли Ñ
ÑоÑÑ Ð²ÑдмовивÑÑ
даÑи Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñ ÐШРвиÑ
Ñдний ÑекÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑами ÑпÑавлÑÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñим пÑинÑеÑом.
(ÐÑдÑÑÑнÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÐ²Ð½Ð¸Ñ
ÑÑнкÑÑй "
+"Ñ ÑÑй пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ñизводило до Ñого, Ñо
ÑобоÑа з Ñим "
+"пÑинÑеÑом пÑоÑÑо виводила з Ñебе.) ТомÑ
Ñ Ð½Ðµ мÑг ÑказаÑи ÑобÑ, Ñо "
+"договоÑи пÑо неÑозголоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ — Ñе
ÑоÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ðµ. Я дÑже "
+"ÑозлÑÑивÑÑ, коли вÑн вÑдмовивÑÑ
подÑлиÑиÑÑ Ð· нами; Ñ Ð½Ðµ мÑг вÑÑаÑи на його "
+"мÑÑÑе Ñ ÑобиÑи Ñе, Ñ Ñодо вÑÑÑ
ÑнÑиÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another choice, straightforward but unpleasant, was to leave the computer "
+"field. That way my skills would not be misused, but they would still be "
+"wasted. I would not be culpable for dividing and restricting computer "
+"users, but it would happen nonetheless."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐнÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²ÑÑÑÑ, пÑоÑÑоÑ, але непÑиÑмноÑ,
бÑла б можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ¸Ð½ÑÑи галÑÐ·Ñ "
+"обÑиÑлÑвалÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑ
нÑки. Ð ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÑ
Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð´ÑбноÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ пÑÑли б на ÑкодÑ, "
+"але вони вÑе-Ñаки пÑопали даÑемно. Я не бÑв
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+"Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв комп'ÑÑеÑÑв, але
Ñим не Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñе вÑдбÑвалоÑÑ Ð±."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I looked for a way that a programmer could do something for the good. I "
+"asked myself, was there a program or programs that I could write, so as to "
+"make a community possible once again?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑож, Ñ ÑÑкав ÑпоÑÑб, Ñким пÑогÑамÑÑÑ Ð¼Ñг
би ÑобиÑи ÑоÑÑ Ñ
оÑоÑе. Я "
+"запиÑав Ñебе, Ñи не бÑло пÑогÑами або
пÑогÑам, ÑÐºÑ Ñ Ð¼Ñг би напиÑаÑи з "
+"Ñим, Ñоб ÑпÑлÑноÑа Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ ÑÑала можливоÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The answer was clear: what was needed first was an operating system. That "
+"is the crucial software for starting to use a computer. With an operating "
+"system, you can do many things; without one, you cannot run the computer at "
+"all. With a free operating system, we could again have a community of "
+"cooperating hackers—and invite anyone to join. And anyone would be "
+"able to use a computer without starting out by conspiring to deprive his or "
+"her friends."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑдповÑÐ´Ñ Ð±Ñла ÑÑна: Ñо бÑло поÑÑÑбно
наÑампеÑед — Ñе опеÑаÑÑйна "
+"ÑиÑÑема. Ð¦Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами жиÑÑÑво Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ
Ñого, Ñоб пÑиÑÑÑпиÑи до "
+"коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿'ÑÑеÑом. ЯкÑо Ñ
опеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема, Ñо можна ÑобиÑи "
+"багаÑо; без Ð½ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° комп'ÑÑеÑÑ Ð½Ðµ можна
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+"опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¾ б
бÑÑи ÑпÑлÑноÑа ÑпÑвпÑаÑÑÑÑиÑ
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+"Ñ
акеÑÑв — Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ могли б запÑоÑÑваÑи
бÑдÑ-кого пÑиÑднаÑиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ наÑ. Ð "
+"кожний бÑв би в Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð·Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ
комп'ÑÑеÑом, не поÑинаÑÑи з змови, Ñка "
+"позбавлÑÑ Ð¹Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ дÑÑзÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"As an operating system developer, I had the right skills for this job. So "
+"even though I could not take success for granted, I realized that I was "
+"elected to do the job. I chose to make the system compatible with Unix so "
+"that it would be portable, and so that Unix users could easily switch to "
+"it. The name GNU was chosen, following a hacker tradition, as a recursive "
+"acronym for “GNU's Not Unix.”"
+msgstr ""
+"У мене Ñк Ñ ÑозÑобника опеÑаÑÑйноÑ
ÑиÑÑеми бÑли поÑÑÑÐ±Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÑ ÑобоÑи "
+"навиÑки. Так Ñо, Ñ
оÑа Ñ Ñ Ð½Ðµ мÑг ÑвеÑдо
ÑозÑаÑ
овÑваÑи на ÑÑпÑÑ
, Ñ "
+"ÑÑвÑдомлÑвав, "
+"Ñо Ñама Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð±Ñала мене Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÑ ÑпÑави.
Я виÑÑÑив зÑобиÑи ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"ÑÑмÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð· Unix, з Ñим Ñоб вона бÑла
пеÑеноÑна Ñ Ñоб коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ "
+"Unix могли легко пеÑейÑи на неÑ. Ðазва
“GNU” бÑло обÑано з "
+"Ñ
акеÑÑÑÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑÑадиÑÑÑ Ñк ÑекÑÑÑивне
ÑкоÑоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑÑази “GNU's Not "
+"Unix.”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"An operating system does not mean just a kernel, barely enough to run other "
+"programs. In the 1970s, every operating system worthy of the name included "
+"command processors, assemblers, compilers, interpreters, debuggers, text "
+"editors, mailers, and much more. ITS had them, Multics had them, VMS had "
+"them, and Unix had them. The GNU operating system would include them too."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐпеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема ознаÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑÑлÑки
ÑдÑо, Ñкого ледве доÑÑаÑнÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑнÑиÑ
пÑогÑам. У ÑÑмдеÑÑÑÑ Ñоки
XX ÑÑолÑÑÑÑ Ð² ÐºÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ñ "
+"опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑ, Ñо заÑлÑговÑÑ ÑÑÑÑ
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+"оболонки, аÑемблеÑи, компÑлÑÑоÑи,
ÑнÑеÑпÑеÑаÑоÑи, налагоджÑваÑÑ, ÑекÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ "
+"ÑедакÑоÑи, поÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами Ñа багаÑо
ÑнÑого. Ðони бÑли в ITS, вони бÑли в "
+"Multics, вони бÑли в VMS, вони бÑли Ñ Ð² Unix. Ðони
бÑдÑÑÑ Ñ Ð² опеÑаÑÑйнÑй "
+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "Later I heard these words, attributed to Hillel (1):"
+msgstr "ÐÑзнÑÑе Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑв ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ñлова,
пÑипиÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¥ÑÐ»ÐµÐ»Ñ (1):"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid "If I am not for myself, who will be for me?"
+msgstr "ЯкÑо Ñ Ð½Ðµ за Ñебе, Ñ
Ñо бÑде за мене?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid "If I am only for myself, what am I?"
+msgstr "ЯкÑо Ñ ÑÑлÑки за Ñебе, Ñ
Ñо Ñ Ñакий?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <blockquote><p>
+msgid "If not now, when?"
+msgstr "ЯкÑо не заÑаз, Ñо коли?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "The decision to start the GNU Project was based on a similar spirit."
+msgstr "Ð ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑаÑи пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU бÑло
заÑноване на ÑÑ
Ð¾Ð¶Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑвленнÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(1) As an Atheist, I don't follow any religious leaders, but I sometimes "
+"find I admire something one of them has said."
+msgstr ""
+"(1) Як аÑеÑÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑлÑдовником бÑдÑ-ÑкиÑ
ÑелÑгÑйниÑ
"
+"лÑдеÑÑв, але ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑвлÑÑ, Ñо заÑ
оплÑÑÑÑ Ñим, Ñо Ñказав Ñ
Ñо-небÑÐ´Ñ "
+"з ниÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Free as in freedom"
+msgstr "ÐÑлÑний вÑд Ñлова волÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The term “free software” is sometimes misunderstood—it has "
+"nothing to do with price. It is about freedom. Here, therefore, is the "
+"definition of free software."
+msgstr ""
+"ТеÑмÑн “вÑлÑна пÑогÑама” ÑнодÑ
ÑозÑмÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑÑно "
+"— вÑн не Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð½ÑÑкого вÑдноÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð¾
ваÑÑоÑÑÑ. ÐÑн вÑдноÑиÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ волÑ. "
+"Таким Ñином, оÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑноÑ
пÑогÑами."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "A program is free software, for you, a particular user, if:"
+msgstr "ÐÑогÑама вÑлÑна Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ, конкÑеÑного
коÑиÑÑÑваÑа, ÑкÑо:"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "You have the freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose."
+msgstr "Ðи вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑваÑи пÑогÑамÑ, Ñк вам
завгодно, в бÑдÑ-ÑкиÑ
ÑÑлÑÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"You have the freedom to modify the program to suit your needs. (To make "
+"this freedom effective in practice, you must have access to the source code, "
+"since making changes in a program without having the source code is "
+"exceedingly difficult.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Ðи вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð¼ÑнÑваÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ñд ÑвоÑ
поÑÑеби. (Щоб ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²ÑÑÑÑ "
+"бÑла пÑакÑиÑно здÑйÑненна, Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½
бÑÑи доÑÑÑп до поÑаÑкового ÑекÑÑÑ, "
+"оÑкÑлÑки вноÑиÑи змÑни в пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ· виÑ
Ñдного ÑекÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ñайно "
+"важко.)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"You have the freedom to redistribute copies, either gratis or for a fee."
+msgstr "Ðи вÑлÑно пеÑеÑозповÑÑджÑваÑи копÑÑ,
безкоÑÑовно або за гÑоÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"You have the freedom to distribute modified versions of the program, so that "
+"the community can benefit from your improvements."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðи вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÑваÑи змÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ
пÑогÑами Ñак, Ñоб "
+"ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑво могло оÑÑимÑваÑи коÑиÑÑÑ Ð²Ñд
ваÑиÑ
полÑпÑенÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Since “free” refers to freedom, not to price, there is no "
+"contradiction between selling copies and free software. In fact, the "
+"freedom to sell copies is crucial: collections of free software sold on "
+"CD-ROMs are important for the community, and selling them is an important "
+"way to raise funds for free software development. Therefore, a program "
+"which people are not free to include on these collections is not free "
+"software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑкÑлÑки “вÑлÑний” вÑдноÑиÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾
волÑ, а не ваÑÑоÑÑÑ, мÑж "
+"пÑодажем копÑй Ñ Ð²ÑлÑними пÑогÑамами
Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ ÑÑпеÑеÑноÑÑÑ. ÐаÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð´Ñ "
+"Ñвобода пÑодаваÑи копÑÑ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑÑво важлива:
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ÑпÑлÑноÑи, Ñ ÑÑ
пÑодаж "
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+"Таким Ñином, пÑогÑама, ÑÐºÑ Ð»Ñди не можÑÑÑ
вклÑÑаÑи в ÑÑ Ð·Ð±ÑÑники, не "
+"Ñ Ð²ÑлÑноÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Because of the ambiguity of “free”, people have long looked for "
+"alternatives, but no one has found a better term. The English language has "
+"more words and nuances than any other, but it lacks a simple, unambiguous, "
+"word that means “free”, as in "
+"freedom—“unfettered” being the word that comes closest in "
+"meaning. Such alternatives as “liberated”, "
+"“freedom”, and “open” have either the wrong meaning "
+"or some other disadvantage."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеоднознаÑнÑÑÑÑ Ñлова “вÑлÑний”
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поÑÑкÑв "
+"алÑÑеÑнаÑив, але нÑÑ
Ñо не знайÑов кÑаÑого
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+"ÑлÑв Ñ Ð½ÑанÑÑв, нÑж в бÑдÑ-ÑкÑй ÑнÑÑй, але в
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“ "
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+"волє) Ñ “вÑдкÑиÑий”, маÑÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾
невÑÑне знаÑеннÑ, або "
+"ÑкийÑÑ ÑнÑий недолÑк."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "GNU software and the GNU system"
+msgstr "ÐÑогÑами GNU Ñ ÑиÑÑема GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Developing a whole system is a very large project. To bring it into reach, "
+"I decided to adapt and use existing pieces of free software wherever that "
+"was possible. For example, I decided at the very beginning to use TeX as "
+"the principal text formatter; a few years later, I decided to use the X "
+"Window System rather than writing another window system for GNU."
+msgstr ""
+"РозÑобка ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑеми - Ñе дÑже великий
пÑоекÑ. Щоб зÑобиÑи "
+"Ñе доÑÑжним, Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑÑÑив адапÑÑваÑи Ñ
заÑÑоÑовÑваÑи, де ÑÑлÑки можливо, "
+"ÑÑнÑÑÑÑ ÑаÑÑини вÑлÑниÑ
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+"заÑÑоÑовÑваÑи TeX в ÑкоÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑновноÑ
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+"кÑлÑка ÑокÑв Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑÑÑив ÑкоÑиÑÑаÑиÑÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ X Window замÑÑÑÑ Ñого, "
+"Ñоб пиÑаÑи Ñе Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Because of these decisions, and others like them, the GNU system is not the "
+"same as the collection of all GNU software. The GNU system includes "
+"programs that are not GNU software, programs that were developed by other "
+"people and projects for their own purposes, but which we can use because "
+"they are free software."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð ÑезÑлÑÑаÑÑ ÑиÑ
Ñа ÑнÑиÑ
подÑбниÑ
Ñим
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+"Ñе не Ñе ж Ñаме, Ñо збÑÑка вÑÑÑ
пÑогÑам GNU.
СиÑÑема GNU вклÑÑÐ°Ñ "
+"пÑогÑами, ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ðµ Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамами GNU
пÑогÑами, "
+"ÑÐºÑ ÑозÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑнÑими лÑдÑми Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑами
Ñ ÑÑ
влаÑниÑ
ÑÑлÑÑ
, але "
+"Ñкими ми можемо ÑкоÑиÑÑаÑиÑÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо вони
вÑлÑнÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Commencing the project"
+msgstr "ÐоÑаÑок пÑоекÑÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In January 1984 I quit my job at MIT and began writing GNU software. "
+"Leaving MIT was necessary so that MIT would not be able to interfere with "
+"distributing GNU as free software. If I had remained on the staff, MIT "
+"could have claimed to own the work, and could have imposed their own "
+"distribution terms, or even turned the work into a proprietary software "
+"package. I had no intention of doing a large amount of work only to see it "
+"become useless for its intended purpose: creating a new software-sharing "
+"community."
+msgstr ""
+"У ÑÑÑÐ½Ñ 1984 ÑÐ¾ÐºÑ Ñ Ð·Ð²ÑлÑнивÑÑ Ð· MIT Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ñав
пиÑаÑи пÑогÑами GNU. ÐÑÑи "
+"з MIT бÑло необÑ
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+"в ÑкоÑÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам. Якби Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑивÑÑ
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+"заÑвиÑи, Ñо ÑобоÑа належиÑÑ Ð¹Ð¾Ð¼Ñ, Ñ
нав'ÑзаÑи ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÐ½Ñ Ñмови "
+"поÑиÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ навÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑеÑвоÑиÑи ÑобоÑÑ Ñ
Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам. Я "
+"не мав намÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ñи Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÑ ÑобоÑÑ
ÑÑлÑки, Ñоб поÑÑм побаÑиÑи, Ñк вона "
+"ÑÑане непоÑÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, заÑади Ñого
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+"ÑÑвоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+"нового гÑомади обмÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамами."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"However, Professor Winston, then the head of the MIT AI Lab, kindly invited "
+"me to keep using the lab's facilities."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑоÑе пÑоÑеÑÐ¾Ñ Ð£ÑнÑÑон, ÑодÑÑнÑй кеÑÑвник
ÐШÐ, лÑб'Ñзно запÑоÑив мене "
+"пÑодовжÑваÑи коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ ÑеÑÑÑÑами
лабоÑаÑоÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The first steps"
+msgstr "ÐеÑÑÑ ÐºÑоки"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Shortly before beginning the GNU Project, I heard about the Free University "
+"Compiler Kit, also known as VUCK. (The Dutch word for “free” is "
+"written with a <em>v</em>.) This was a compiler designed to handle multiple "
+"languages, including C and Pascal, and to support multiple target machines. "
+"I wrote to its author asking if GNU could use it."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐезабаÑом пÑÑÐ»Ñ Ð¾ÑганÑзаÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ GNU Ñ
поÑÑв пÑо ÐабÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑного "
+"ÑнÑвеÑÑиÑеÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑлÑÑоÑÑв "
+"вÑдомого Ñакож Ñк VUCK. (ÐолландÑÑке Ñлово
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+"ÑеÑез <em>v</em>.) Це бÑв компÑлÑÑоÑ,
ÑпÑоекÑований Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑобоÑи з "
+"багаÑÑма мовами, вклÑÑаÑÑи Ð¡Ñ Ñ ÐаÑкалÑ, Ñ
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑдÑÑимки багаÑÑоÑ
ÑÑлÑовиÑ
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+"маÑин. "
+"Я напиÑав його авÑоÑÑ Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñав, Ñи не може
GNU ÑкоÑиÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ñим "
+"компÑлÑÑоÑом."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"He responded derisively, stating that the university was free but the "
+"compiler was not. I therefore decided that my first program for the GNU "
+"Project would be a multilanguage, multiplatform compiler."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑн вÑдповÑв з наÑмÑÑкоÑ, заÑвивÑи, Ñо
ÑнÑвеÑÑиÑÐµÑ Ð²ÑлÑний, а "
+"компÑлÑÑÐ¾Ñ "
+" нÑ. Таким Ñином, Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑÑÑив, Ñо моÑÑ
пеÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ "
+"GNU ÑÑане багаÑомовний багаÑоплаÑÑоÑмний
компÑлÑÑоÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Hoping to avoid the need to write the whole compiler myself, I obtained the "
+"source code for the Pastel compiler, which was a multiplatform compiler "
+"developed at Lawrence Livermore Lab. It supported, and was written in, an "
+"extended version of Pascal, designed to be a system-programming language. I "
+"added a C front end, and began porting it to the Motorola 68000 computer. "
+"But I had to give that up when I discovered that the compiler needed many "
+"megabytes of stack space, and the available 68000 Unix system would only "
+"allow 64k."
+msgstr ""
+"СподÑваÑÑиÑÑ ÑникнÑÑи необÑ
ÑдноÑÑÑ
пиÑаÑи веÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑлÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑамомÑ, Ñ Ð´ÑÑÑав "
+"виÑ
Ñдний ÑекÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑлÑÑоÑа мови ÐаÑÑелÑ.
Це бÑв багаÑоплаÑÑоÑмний "
+"компÑлÑÑоÑ, ÑозÑоблений в ÐÑвеÑмоÑÑÑкÑй
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+"пÑдÑÑимÑвав ÑозÑиÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¸
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+"пÑогÑамÑваннÑ, Ñ Ð±Ñв напиÑаний на ÑÑй
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+"Ð¡Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ñав пеÑеноÑиÑи його на комп'ÑÑеÑ
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+"кинÑÑи Ñе, коли Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñвив, Ñо компÑлÑÑоÑÑ
поÑÑÑбно багаÑо Ð¼ÐµÐ³Ð°Ð±Ð°Ð¹Ñ "
+"ÑÑекового пÑоÑÑоÑÑ, а доÑÑÑпна ÑиÑÑема Unix
68000 допÑÑкала ÑÑлÑки 64k."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I then realized that the Pastel compiler functioned by parsing the entire "
+"input file into a syntax tree, converting the whole syntax tree into a chain "
+"of “instructions”, and then generating the whole output file, "
+"without ever freeing any storage. At this point, I concluded I would have "
+"to write a new compiler from scratch. That new compiler is now known as "
+"<acronym title=\"GNU Compiler Collection\">GCC</acronym>; none of the Pastel "
+"compiler is used in it, but I managed to adapt and use the C front end that "
+"I had written. But that was some years later; first, I worked on GNU Emacs."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐоÑÑм Ñ ÑÑвÑдомив, Ñо компÑлÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÐаÑÑелÑ
ÑÑнкÑÑонÑвав, пеÑеÑвоÑÑÑÑи веÑÑ "
+"вÑ
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пеÑеводÑÑи вÑе деÑево в ланÑÑжок “ "
+"ÑнÑÑÑÑкÑÑй”, а поÑÑм генеÑÑÑÑи веÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ñ
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+"пам'ÑÑÑ Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¶Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÐµÑапÑ. Ð Ñей Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñ
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+"доведеÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑи новий компÑлÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð·
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+"ÐаÑÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð² нÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"нÑÑого не викоÑиÑÑовÑÑÑÑÑÑ, але менÑ
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+"пÑепÑоÑеÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¡Ñ, Ñкий Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñав. Ðле Ñе
ÑÑалоÑÑ ÐºÑлÑка ÑокÑв поÑомÑ; "
+"ÑпоÑаÑÐºÑ Ñ Ð¿ÑаÑÑвав над GNU Emacs."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "GNU Emacs"
+msgstr "GNU Emacs"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I began work on GNU Emacs in September 1984, and in early 1985 it was "
+"beginning to be usable. This enabled me to begin using Unix systems to do "
+"editing; having no interest in learning to use vi or ed, I had done my "
+"editing on other kinds of machines until then."
+msgstr ""
+"Я поÑав пÑаÑÑваÑи над GNU Emacs Ñ Ð²ÐµÑеÑнÑ
1984 ÑокÑ, Ñ Ð½Ð° поÑаÑÐºÑ "
+"1985 ÑÐ¾ÐºÑ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ можна бÑло поÑинаÑи
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+"коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ vi або ed Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±Ñло не ÑÑкаво,
до ÑÑого Ñ Ð¿Ñоводив "
+"ÑедагÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑнÑиÑ
видаÑ
маÑин."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"At this point, people began wanting to use GNU Emacs, which raised the "
+"question of how to distribute it. Of course, I put it on the anonymous ftp "
+"server on the MIT computer that I used. (This computer, prep.ai.mit.edu, "
+"thus became the principal GNU ftp distribution site; when it was "
+"decommissioned a few years later, we transferred the name to our new ftp "
+"server.) But at that time, many of the interested people were not on the "
+"Internet and could not get a copy by ftp. So the question was, what would I "
+"say to them?"
+msgstr ""
+"У Ñей Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñ Ð»Ñдей поÑало виникаÑи
Ð±Ð°Ð¶Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ GNU Emacs, Ñо "
+"поÑÑавило пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо Ñе, Ñк його
поÑиÑÑваÑи. ÐвиÑайно, Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼ÑÑÑив його на "
+"ÑеÑвеÑÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð½Ñмного ftp на комп'ÑÑеÑÑ MIT,
Ñким Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑвавÑÑ. (Цей "
+"комп'ÑÑеÑ, prep.ai.mit.edu, ÑÑав, Ñаким Ñином,
оÑновним ÑайÑом ftp Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"поÑиÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ GNU; коли ÑеÑез кÑлÑка ÑокÑв його
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з ftp. ÐÑже, пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±Ñло в ÑомÑ, "
+"Ñо Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñм казаÑи?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I could have said, “Find a friend who is on the net and who will make "
+"a copy for you.” Or I could have done what I did with the original "
+"PDP-10 Emacs: tell them, “Mail me a tape and a <acronym "
+"title=\"Self-addressed Stamped Envelope\">SASE</acronym>, and I will mail it "
+"back with Emacs on it.” But I had no job, and I was looking for ways "
+"to make money from free software. So I announced that I would mail a tape "
+"to whoever wanted one, for a fee of $150. In this way, I started a free "
+"software distribution business, the precursor of the companies that today "
+"distribute entire GNU/Linux system distributions."
+msgstr ""
+"Я мÑг би ÑказаÑи: “ÐнайдÑÑÑ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾, Ñ
Ñкого Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑежа Ñ Ñкий "
+"зÑобиÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ копÑÑ”. Ðбо Ñ Ð¼Ñг би ÑобиÑи
Ñе, Ñо Ñ Ñобив з "
+"поÑаÑковим Emacs Ð´Ð»Ñ PDP-10 ÑказаÑи Ñм:
“ÐадÑÑлÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ "
+"ÑÑÑÑÑÐºÑ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð²ÐµÑÑ Ð· маÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ñа звоÑоÑноÑ
адÑеÑоÑ, Ñ Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеÑÐ»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ ÑÑ Ð· "
+"запиÑаним "
+"на нÑй Emacs”. Ðле Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ðµ не бÑло ÑобоÑи, Ñ
Ñ ÑÑкав ÑпоÑоби "
+"заÑоблÑÑи на вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑамаÑ
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+"ÑÑÑÑÑÐºÑ Ð²ÑÑм, ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð° поÑÑÑбна, за
150 долаÑÑв. Таким Ñином Ñ "
+"пÑиÑÑÑпив "
+"до комеÑÑÑйного поÑиÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам Ñ ÑÑав пÑедÑеÑÐµÑ "
+"компанÑй, ÑÐºÑ Ð² наÑÑ Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑлÑ
ÑиÑÑеми GNU/Linux."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Is a program free for every user?"
+msgstr "ÐÐ»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ коÑиÑÑÑваÑа пÑогÑама
вÑлÑна?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If a program is free software when it leaves the hands of its author, this "
+"does not necessarily mean it will be free software for everyone who has a "
+"copy of it. For example, <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/categories.html#PublicDomainSoftware\"> public domain "
+"software</a> (software that is not copyrighted) is free software; but anyone "
+"can make a proprietary modified version of it. Likewise, many free programs "
+"are copyrighted but distributed under simple permissive licenses which allow "
+"proprietary modified versions."
+msgstr ""
+"ЯкÑо пÑогÑама вÑлÑна, коли вона виÑ
одиÑÑ Ð·
ÑÑк авÑоÑа, Ñе не обов'Ñзково "
+"ознаÑаÑ, Ñо вона бÑде вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÑкого,
Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ñ ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑ. "
+"ÐапÑиклад, <a
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+"пÑогÑами в ÑÑÑпÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´Ð±Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ</a>
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+"поÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑÑке пÑаво) вÑлÑнÑ; але
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+"невÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑкаÑÑÑ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами.
ÐодÑбним Ñином, багаÑо вÑлÑниÑ
"
+" пÑогÑам знаÑ
одÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñд дÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑÑкого
пÑава, але вони поÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ "
+"пÑд пÑоÑÑими необмежÑвалÑними
лÑÑензÑÑми, ÑÐºÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑкаÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ "
+"модиÑÑкаÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The paradigmatic example of this problem is the X Window System. Developed "
+"at MIT, and released as free software with a permissive license, it was soon "
+"adopted by various computer companies. They added X to their proprietary "
+"Unix systems, in binary form only, and covered by the same nondisclosure "
+"agreement. These copies of X were no more free software than Unix was."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð¥ÑеÑÑомаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑлÑÑÑÑаÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñоблеми
Ñ ÑиÑÑема X Window. "
+"РозÑоблена в MIT Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿ÑÑена Ñк Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам пÑд "
+"необмежÑвалÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð»ÑÑензÑÑÑ, вона
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+"поÑÑавлÑÑÑи ÑÑ ÑÑлÑки в двÑйковомÑ
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+"договÑÑ Ð¿Ñо неÑозголоÑеннÑ. Ð¦Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑ X
бÑли не бÑлÑÑе вÑлÑнÑ, нÑж Unix."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The developers of the X Window System did not consider this a "
+"problem—they expected and intended this to happen. Their goal was not "
+"freedom, just “success”, defined as “having many "
+"users.” They did not care whether these users had freedom, only that "
+"they should be numerous."
+msgstr ""
+"РозÑобники ÑиÑÑеми X Window не вважали Ñе
пÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ — вони "
+"ÑÑого Ñекали, Ñ Ñе вÑдповÑдало ÑÑ
нÑм
намÑÑам. ÐÑ
меÑÐ¾Ñ Ð±Ñла не волÑ, "
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”, Ñкий визнаÑаÑÑÑÑÑ
Ñк “велике ÑиÑло "
+"коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв”. Ðм бÑло вÑе одно, Ñи Ñ Ñ
ÑиÑ
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+"волÑ; вони дбали ÑÑлÑки пÑо Ñе, Ñоб
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ Ð±Ñли ÑиÑленнÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"This led to a paradoxical situation where two different ways of counting the "
+"amount of freedom gave different answers to the question, “Is this "
+"program free?” If you judged based on the freedom provided by the "
+"distribution terms of the MIT release, you would say that X was free "
+"software. But if you measured the freedom of the average user of X, you "
+"would have to say it was proprietary software. Most X users were running "
+"the proprietary versions that came with Unix systems, not the free version."
+msgstr ""
+"Це пÑизвело до паÑадокÑалÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑаÑÑÑ,
за ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑÑÐ·Ð½Ñ ÑпоÑоби "
+"пÑдÑаÑ
ÑÐ½ÐºÑ ÐºÑлÑкоÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð°ÑÑÑ ÑÑзнÑ
вÑдповÑÐ´Ñ Ð½Ð° пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñи вÑлÑна "
+"пÑогÑама? Якби ви ÑÑдили на пÑдÑÑÐ°Ð²Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ,
Ñо надаÑÑÑÑÑ "
+"Ñмовами лÑÑензÑÑ MIT, Ñо ви б Ñказали, Ñо X
вÑлÑна. Ðле ÑкÑо б ви "
+"мÑÑÑли Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ ÑеÑеднÑого коÑиÑÑÑваÑа X, вам
довелоÑÑ Ð± ÑказаÑи, Ñо вона "
+"невÑлÑна. ÐÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв X
пÑаÑÑвало з невÑлÑними веÑÑÑÑми, "
+" ÑÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавлÑлиÑÑ Ð· ÑиÑÑемами Unix, а не з
вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Copyleft and the GNU GPL"
+msgstr "ÐопÑлеÑÑ Ñа GNU GPL"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The goal of GNU was to give users freedom, not just to be popular. So we "
+"needed to use distribution terms that would prevent GNU software from being "
+"turned into proprietary software. The method we use is called "
+"“copyleft”.(1)"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеÑÐ¾Ñ GNU бÑло даÑи коÑиÑÑÑваÑам волÑ, а не
пÑоÑÑо бÑÑи попÑлÑÑноÑ. "
+"Ð¢Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ поÑÑÑбно бÑло заÑÑоÑÑваÑи Ñмови
ÑозповÑÑдженнÑ, ÑÐºÑ "
+"запобÑгли б пеÑеÑвоÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑам GNU Ñ
невÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами. ÐеÑод, "
+"Ñким ми коÑиÑÑÑÑмоÑÑ, називаÑÑÑÑÑ
“копÑлеÑÑом”.(1)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Copyleft uses copyright law, but flips it over to serve the opposite of its "
+"usual purpose: instead of a means for restricting a program, it becomes a "
+"means for keeping the program free."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐопÑлеÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑÑким пÑавом,
але пеÑевеÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¹Ð¾Ð³Ð¾, Ñоб воно "
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Ñим, Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑкиÑ
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+"замÑÑÑÑ Ñого, Ñоб бÑÑи заÑобом обмеженнÑ
пÑогÑами, воно ÑÑÐ°Ñ "
+"заÑобом збеÑÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñвободи пÑогÑами."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The central idea of copyleft is that we give everyone permission to run the "
+"program, copy the program, modify the program, and distribute modified "
+"versions—but not permission to add restrictions of their own. Thus, "
+"the crucial freedoms that define “free software” are guaranteed "
+"to everyone who has a copy; they become inalienable rights."
+msgstr ""
+"ЦенÑÑалÑна ÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑлеÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð² ÑомÑ,
Ñо ми даÑмо вÑÑм "
+"дозвÑл виконÑваÑи пÑогÑамÑ, копÑÑваÑи
пÑогÑамÑ, змÑнÑваÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ñ "
+"поÑиÑÑваÑи змÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ — але не
додаваÑи дозвÑл "
+"ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ. Таким Ñином,
жиÑÑÑво Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ñ Ñвободи, "
+"ÑÐºÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑÑ “вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамє,
гаÑанÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾, Ñ "
+"кого Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑ; вони ÑÑаÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑдÑÑжÑваними
пÑавами."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For an effective copyleft, modified versions must also be free. This "
+"ensures that work based on ours becomes available to our community if it is "
+"published. When programmers who have jobs as programmers volunteer to "
+"improve GNU software, it is copyleft that prevents their employers from "
+"saying, “You can't share those changes, because we are going to use "
+"them to make our proprietary version of the program.”"
+msgstr ""
+"Щоби копÑлеÑÑ Ð±Ñв дÑÑвим, змÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ
Ñеж Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑÑи "
+"вÑлÑнÑ. Це гаÑанÑÑÑ, Ñо ÑобоÑа, заÑнована
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+"доÑÑÑÐ¿Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ñ ÑпÑлÑноÑи, ÑкÑо ÑÑ
пÑблÑкÑÑÑÑ. Ðоли пÑогÑамÑÑÑи, ÑÐºÑ "
+"пÑаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑÑÑами, безоплаÑно
покÑаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами GNU, Ñаме "
+"копÑлеÑÑ Ð½Ðµ Ð´Ð°Ñ ÑÑ
наймаÑам ÑказаÑи:
“Ðам не можна "
+"обмÑнÑваÑиÑÑ Ñими змÑнами, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо ми
збиÑаÑмоÑÑ ÑкоÑиÑÑаÑиÑÑ "
+"ними, Ñоб зÑобиÑи ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ
ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The requirement that changes must be free is essential if we want to ensure "
+"freedom for every user of the program. The companies that privatized the X "
+"Window System usually made some changes to port it to their systems and "
+"hardware. These changes were small compared with the great extent of X, but "
+"they were not trivial. If making changes were an excuse to deny the users "
+"freedom, it would be easy for anyone to take advantage of the excuse."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðимога, Ñо змÑни Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑÑи вÑлÑнÑ,
ÑÑÑоÑно, ÑкÑо ми Ñ
оÑемо "
+"гаÑанÑÑваÑи ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ коÑиÑÑÑваÑа
пÑогÑами. ÐомпанÑÑ, ÑÐºÑ "
+"зÑобили невÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми X Window,
зазвиÑай вноÑили змÑни, "
+"Ñоб пеÑенеÑÑи ÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑеми Ñ ÑвоÑ
апаÑаÑÑÑÑ. Ð¦Ñ Ð·Ð¼Ñни бÑли "
+"Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑвнÑно з найÑиÑÑим оÑ
опленнÑм
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+"Якби внеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð¼Ñн випÑавдовÑвало
вÑÐ´Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑам Ñ ÑвободÑ, бÑдÑ-Ñ
Ñо "
+" легко б ÑкоÑиÑÑавÑÑ Ñим випÑавданнÑм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A related issue concerns combining a free program with nonfree code. Such a "
+"combination would inevitably be nonfree; whichever freedoms are lacking for "
+"the nonfree part would be lacking for the whole as well. To permit such "
+"combinations would open a hole big enough to sink a ship. Therefore, a "
+"crucial requirement for copyleft is to plug this hole: anything added to or "
+"combined with a copylefted program must be such that the larger combined "
+"version is also free and copylefted."
+msgstr ""
+"У зв'ÑÐ·ÐºÑ Ð· Ñим Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо
поÑÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами з "
+"невÑлÑними виÑ
Ñдними ÑекÑÑами. Таке
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+"невÑлÑним; ÑкÑо невÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑаÑÑини бÑакÑÑ
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+"ÑиÑ
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+"ознаÑало б вÑдкÑиÑи пÑолом, доÑÑаÑнÑй, Ñоб
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+"ÐÑже, вимога пеÑекÑиÑи ÑÑ Ð¿ÑогалинÑ
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+"вÑе, Ñо додаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ поÑднÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð·
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+"бÑÑи Ñаким, Ñоб велика комбÑнована веÑÑÑÑ
Ñакож бÑла вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ "
+"Ñ Ñоб на Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÑвавÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑлеÑÑом."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The specific implementation of copyleft that we use for most GNU software is "
+"the GNU General Public License, or GNU GPL for short. We have other kinds "
+"of copyleft that are used in specific circumstances. GNU manuals are "
+"copylefted also, but use a much simpler kind of copyleft, because the "
+"complexity of the GNU GPL is not necessary for manuals.(2)"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐонкÑеÑна ÑеалÑзаÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑлеÑÑÑ, ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¸
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+"пÑогÑам GNU — Ñе загалÑна гÑомадÑÑка
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+"ÑкоÑоÑено GNU GPL. У Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñ ÑнÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸
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+"в оÑобливиÑ
обÑÑавинаÑ
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+"лÑвомÑ, але ми коÑиÑÑÑÑмоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñо
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+"Ñо Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑбникÑв не поÑÑÑбна ÑÑÑ
ÑкладнÑÑÑÑ GNU GPL.(2)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(1) In 1984 or 1985, Don Hopkins (a very imaginative fellow) mailed me a "
+"letter. On the envelope he had written several amusing sayings, including "
+"this one: “Copyleft—all rights reversed.” I used the word "
+"“copyleft” to name the distribution concept I was developing at "
+"the time."
+msgstr ""
+"(1) У 1984 Ñи 1985 ÑоÑÑ Ðон ХопкÑÐ½Ñ (Ñнак з
багаÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÑвоÑ) "
+"надÑÑлав Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÑа. Ðа конвеÑÑÑ Ð²Ñн
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+"зокÑема Ñаке: “ÐопÑлеÑÑ ÑÑÑ
пÑава "
+"заÑевеÑÑованє. Я ÑкоÑиÑÑавÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ñазом
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+"” в ÑкоÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ конÑепÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑеннÑ,
над ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ñ Ð² "
+"Ñой ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑаÑÑвав."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(2) We now use the <a href=\"/licenses/fdl.html\">GNU Free Documentation "
+"License</a> for documentation."
+msgstr ""
+"(2) ÐаÑаз Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑменÑаÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸ коÑиÑÑÑÑмоÑÑ
<a href=\"/licenses/fdl.html\"> "
+"ÐÑÑензÑÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑменÑаÑÑÑ GNU </a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr "Фонд вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑеннÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"As interest in using Emacs was growing, other people became involved in the "
+"GNU project, and we decided that it was time to seek funding once again. So "
+"in 1985 we created the <a href=\"http://www.fsf.org/\">Free Software "
+"Foundation</a> (FSF), a tax-exempt charity for free software development. "
+"The <acronym title=\"Free Software Foundation\">FSF</acronym> also took over "
+"the Emacs tape distribution business; later it extended this by adding other "
+"free software (both GNU and non-GNU) to the tape, and by selling free "
+"manuals as well."
+msgstr ""
+"У мÑÑÑ Ð·ÑоÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑнÑеÑеÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ коÑиÑÑÑваннÑ
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+"залÑÑаÑиÑÑ ÑнÑÑ Ð»Ñди, Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ виÑÑÑили, Ñо
поÑа Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑкаÑи Ñонди. ÐÑже, в "
+"1985 ÑоÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸ ÑÑвоÑили <a
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+"пÑогÑамного забезпеÑеннÑ</a> (ФÐÐÐ),
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+"коÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ñковими пÑлÑгами, длÑ
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+"забезпеÑеннÑ. ФÐÐÐ Ñакож взÑв на Ñебе
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+"на ÑÑÑÑÑкаÑ
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"
+"вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам (Ñк GNU, Ñак Ñ Ð½Ðµ GNU), а Ñакож
пÑодажем вÑлÑниÑ
"
+"поÑÑбникÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Most of the FSF's income used to come from sales of copies of free software "
+"and of other related services (CD-ROMs of source code, CD-ROMs with "
+"binaries, nicely printed manuals, all with the freedom to redistribute and "
+"modify), and Deluxe Distributions (distributions for which we built the "
+"whole collection of software for the customer's choice of platform). Today "
+"the FSF still <a href=\"http://shop.fsf.org/\"> sells manuals and other "
+"gear</a>, but it gets the bulk of its funding from members' dues. You can "
+"join the FSF at <a href=\"http://fsf.org/join\">fsf.org</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð ÑÑ ÑаÑи доÑ
Ñд ФÐÐÐ ÑкладавÑÑ
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+"ÑоздÑÑкованиÑ
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+"поÑиÑÑваÑи далÑ) Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑибÑÑивÑв
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+"плаÑÑоÑми). СÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¤ÐÐÐ Ñк Ñ ÑанÑÑе <a
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+"\">пÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑбники Ñа ÑнÑий ÑоваÑ</a>, але
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+"\"http://fsf.org/join\">fsf.org</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Free Software Foundation employees have written and maintained a number of "
+"GNU software packages. Two notable ones are the C library and the shell. "
+"The GNU C library is what every program running on a GNU/Linux system uses "
+"to communicate with Linux. It was developed by a member of the Free "
+"Software Foundation staff, Roland McGrath. The shell used on most GNU/Linux "
+"systems is <acronym title=\"Bourne Again Shell\">BASH</acronym>, the Bourne "
+"Again Shell(1), which was developed by FSF employee Brian Fox."
+msgstr ""
+"СпÑвÑобÑÑники Ð¤Ð¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð²ÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
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+"деÑÐºÑ ÐºÑлÑкÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑÑв пÑогÑам GNU. ÐвÑ
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+"пÑимÑÑÐ½Ñ - бÑблÑоÑека Ð¡Ñ Ñа командний
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+"ÐÑблÑоÑека GNU Ð¡Ñ - Ñе Ñе, Ñо кожна пÑогÑама,
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+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU/Linux, викоÑиÑÑовÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð²'ÑÐ·ÐºÑ Ð·
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+"ÑÑаÑним ÑпÑвÑобÑÑником Ð¤Ð¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð²ÑлÑного
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+"ÒÑеÑом. Ðомандний ÑнÑеÑпÑеÑаÑоÑ, Ñкий
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+"Linux - Ñе <acronym title=\"Bourne Again Shell\">BASH</acronym>, ÐновÑ
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+"оболонка "
+"ÐаÑÑна (1), ÑозÑоблений ÑпÑвÑобÑÑником
ФÐÐÐ ÐÑайÑном ФокÑом."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We funded development of these programs because the GNU Project was not just "
+"about tools or a development environment. Our goal was a complete operating "
+"system, and these programs were needed for that goal."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðи ÑÑнанÑÑвали ÑозÑÐ¾Ð±ÐºÑ ÑиÑ
пÑогÑам, ÑомÑ
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+"не ÑÑлÑки коÑÑи або ÑеÑедовиÑе ÑозÑобки.
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+"опеÑаÑÑйна ÑиÑÑема, а ÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами бÑли
поÑÑÑÐ±Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐ³Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(1) “Bourne Again Shell” is a play on the name “Bourne "
+"Shell”, which was the usual shell on Unix."
+msgstr ""
+"(1) “ÐÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð½ÐºÐ° ÐаÑÑна” гÑа
ÑлÑв, побÑдована "
+"на Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ “Ðболонка ÐаÑÑна” —
Ñак називали звиÑайний "
+" командний ÑнÑеÑпÑеÑаÑÐ¾Ñ Unix."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Free software support"
+msgstr "ÐÑдÑÑимка вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The free software philosophy rejects a specific widespread business "
+"practice, but it is not against business. When businesses respect the "
+"users' freedom, we wish them success."
+msgstr ""
+"ФÑлоÑоÑÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑÐ´ÐºÐ¸Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÐ²Ð½Ñ ÑиÑоко "
+"поÑиÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð´ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÑакÑикÑ, але вона не
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+"Ðоли пÑдпÑиÑмÑÑва поважаÑÑÑ ÑвободÑ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв, ми бажаÑмо Ñм ÑÑпÑÑ
Ñ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Selling copies of Emacs demonstrates one kind of free software business. "
+"When the FSF took over that business, I needed another way to make a "
+"living. I found it in selling services relating to the free software I had "
+"developed. This included teaching, for subjects such as how to program GNU "
+"Emacs and how to customize GCC, and software development, mostly porting GCC "
+"to new platforms."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑодаж копÑй Emacs ÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½ з
ÑÑзновидÑв пÑдпÑиÑмниÑÑÐºÐ¾Ñ "
+"дÑÑлÑноÑÑÑ, заÑнований на вÑлÑниÑ
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+"на Ñебе, Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð²ÑÑ ÑнÑий ÑпоÑÑб
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+"ÑпоÑÑб пÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑлÑг, пов'ÑзаниÑ
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+"ÑозÑобив. СÑди вÑ
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+"Emacs, налаÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ GCC Ñ ÑозÑобка пÑогÑам
(здебÑлÑÑого — "
+"пеÑенеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ GCC на Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑоÑми)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Today each of these kinds of free software business is practiced by a number "
+"of corporations. Some distribute free software collections on CD-ROM; "
+"others sell support at levels ranging from answering user questions, to "
+"fixing bugs, to adding major new features. We are even beginning to see "
+"free software companies based on launching new free software products."
+msgstr ""
+"СÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½ з ÑиÑ
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+"коÑпоÑаÑÑй. ÐÐ´Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð±ÑÑники
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+"компакÑ-диÑкаÑ
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+"вÑд "
+"вÑдповÑдей на запиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв Ñа
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+"ÑÐºÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑними пÑогÑамами Ñ
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вÑлÑниÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамниÑ
пÑодÑкÑÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Watch out, though—a number of companies that associate themselves with "
+"the term “open source” actually base their business on nonfree "
+"software that works with free software. These are not free software "
+"companies, they are proprietary software companies whose products tempt "
+"users away from freedom. They call these programs “value-added "
+"packages”, which shows the values they would like us to adopt: "
+"convenience above freedom. If we value freedom more, we should call them "
+"“freedom-subtracted” packages."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðднак бÑдÑÑе ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð´ÐµÑке ÑиÑло
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+"аÑоÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ñебе з ÑеÑмÑном “вÑдкÑиÑий
виÑ
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+"наÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑновÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑдпÑиÑмÑÑва
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+"невÑлÑними пÑогÑамами, Ñа пÑодÑкÑи ÑÑ
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+"ÑÑнноÑÑÑ”. Це показÑÑ, ÑÐºÑ ÑÑнноÑÑÑ
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+"заÑвоÑÑи: пÑÑоÑиÑÐµÑ Ð·ÑÑÑноÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´
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+"Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñи ÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÐºÐµÑи “пакеÑами з
деÑÑÑиÑом Ñвободи”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Technical goals"
+msgstr "ТеÑ
нÑÑÐ½Ñ ÑÑлÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The principal goal of GNU is to be free software. Even if GNU had no "
+"technical advantage over Unix, it would have a social advantage, allowing "
+"users to cooperate, and an ethical advantage, respecting the user's freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑновна меÑа GNU - бÑÑи вÑлÑним пÑогÑамним
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+"ÑкÑо б Ñ GNU не бÑло ÑеÑ
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+"Ñ ÐµÑиÑна пеÑевага - повага Ñвободи
коÑиÑÑÑваÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But it was natural to apply the known standards of good practice to the "
+"work—for example, dynamically allocating data structures to avoid "
+"arbitrary fixed size limits, and handling all the possible 8-bit codes "
+"wherever that made sense."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðле бÑло пÑиÑодно заÑÑоÑовÑваÑи в ÑобоÑÑ
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оÑоÑÐ¾Ñ "
+"пÑакÑики напÑиклад, динамÑÑне
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+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In addition, we rejected the Unix focus on small memory size, by deciding "
+"not to support 16-bit machines (it was clear that 32-bit machines would be "
+"the norm by the time the GNU system was finished), and to make no effort to "
+"reduce memory usage unless it exceeded a megabyte. In programs for which "
+"handling very large files was not crucial, we encouraged programmers to read "
+"an entire input file into core, then scan its contents without having to "
+"worry about I/O."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðа додаÑок, ми вÑдмовилиÑÑ Ð²Ñд влаÑÑивоÑ
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+"ÑозмÑÑи пам'ÑÑÑ, виÑÑÑивÑи не
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його вмÑÑÑ, не ÑÑÑбÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ñо"
+"введеннÑ-виведеннÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"These decisions enabled many GNU programs to surpass their Unix counterparts "
+"in reliability and speed."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐавдÑки Ñим ÑÑÑеннÑм багаÑо пÑогÑам GNU
змогли пеÑевеÑÑиÑи ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸"
+"з Unix по надÑйноÑÑÑ Ñ ÑвидкоÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Donated computers"
+msgstr "ÐодаÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿'ÑÑеÑи"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"As the GNU Project's reputation grew, people began offering to donate "
+"machines running Unix to the project. These were very useful, because the "
+"easiest way to develop components of GNU was to do it on a Unix system, and "
+"replace the components of that system one by one. But they raised an "
+"ethical issue: whether it was right for us to have a copy of Unix at all."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо мÑÑÑ Ñого, Ñк ÑепÑÑаÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ GNU
зÑоÑÑала, лÑди ÑÑали пÑопонÑваÑи в "
+"Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ Ð¼Ð°Ñини пÑд ÑпÑавлÑннÑм Unix.
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+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"Unix Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑнÑваÑи компоненÑи ÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми
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+"виникла еÑиÑна пÑоблема: Ñи вÑÑним Ñ Ñе, Ñо
Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð³Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð±Ñла копÑÑ "
+"Unix."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Unix was (and is) proprietary software, and the GNU Project's philosophy "
+"said that we should not use proprietary software. But, applying the same "
+"reasoning that leads to the conclusion that violence in self defense is "
+"justified, I concluded that it was legitimate to use a proprietary package "
+"when that was crucial for developing a free replacement that would help "
+"others stop using the proprietary package."
+msgstr ""
+"Unix бÑла (Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑаÑÑÑÑÑ) невÑлÑноÑ, а згÑдно
ÑÑлоÑоÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ GNU нам не "
+"ÑлÑд коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑними
пÑогÑамами. Ðле заÑÑоÑÑвавÑи Ñой же Ñ
Ñд "
+"мÑÑкÑванÑ, Ñкий пÑиводиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ виÑновкÑ, Ñо
наÑилÑÑÑво з меÑÐ¾Ñ ÑамозаÑ
иÑÑÑ "
+"випÑавдане, Ñ Ð·Ñобив виÑновок, Ñо
заÑÑоÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑного пакеÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ðµ, "
+"коли Ñе "
+"кÑиÑиÑно Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑозÑобки вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¼Ñни, Ñка
допомогла б ÑнÑим "
+"пÑипиниÑи коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ñим невÑлÑним
пакеÑом."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But, even if this was a justifiable evil, it was still an evil. Today we no "
+"longer have any copies of Unix, because we have replaced them with free "
+"operating systems. If we could not replace a machine's operating system "
+"with a free one, we replaced the machine instead."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðле Ñ
оÑа Ñе бÑло випÑавдане зло, вÑе-Ñаки
Ñе бÑло зло. СÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ"
+"бÑлÑÑе Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ð½ÑÑкиÑ
копÑй Unix, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо ми
замÑнили ÑÑ
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+"опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑеми. ЯкÑо ми не могли
замÑниÑи опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ñини"
+"на вÑлÑнÑ, ми замÑÑÑÑ ÑÑого замÑнÑвали
маÑинÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The GNU Task List"
+msgstr "СпиÑок Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"As the GNU Project proceeded, and increasing numbers of system components "
+"were found or developed, eventually it became useful to make a list of the "
+"remaining gaps. We used it to recruit developers to write the missing "
+"pieces. This list became known as the GNU Task List. In addition to "
+"missing Unix components, we listed various other useful software and "
+"documentation projects that, we thought, a truly complete system ought to "
+"have."
+msgstr ""
+"У мÑÑÑ Ð·Ð´ÑйÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ GNU Ñ Ð·Ð±ÑлÑÑеннÑ
ÑиÑла знайдениÑ
або "
+"ÑозÑоблениÑ
ÑиÑÑемниÑ
компоненÑÑв в
ÑкийÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑало коÑиÑно "
+"ÑклаÑÑи ÑпиÑок неÑÑÑнениÑ
пÑогалин. Ðи
коÑиÑÑÑвалиÑÑ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ "
+"ÑозÑобникÑв, ÑÐºÑ Ð± пиÑали вÑдÑÑÑнÑ
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+"вÑдомий Ñк “СпиÑок Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ GNU”. Ðа
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"
+"компоненÑÑв Unix ми заноÑили ÑÑди ÑÑзнÑ
ÑнÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑи з "
+"напиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑам Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑменÑаÑÑÑ, ÑкÑ, Ñк
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+"по-ÑпÑавжнÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð° ÑиÑÑема."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Today (1), hardly any Unix components are left in the GNU Task "
+"List—those jobs had been done, aside from a few inessential ones. But "
+"the list is full of projects that some might call "
+"“applications”. Any program that appeals to more than a narrow "
+"class of users would be a useful thing to add to an operating system."
+msgstr ""
+"СÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ (1) Ñ “СпиÑÐºÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ GNU”
навÑÑд Ñи залиÑилиÑÑ "
+"ÑкÑ-небÑÐ´Ñ "
+"компоненÑи Unix вÑÑ ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±Ñли
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"
+"неÑÑÑоÑниÑ
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пÑоекÑÑв, ÑÐºÑ Ñ
ÑоÑÑ Ð¼Ñг би назваÑи "
+"“пÑогÑамами (заÑÑоÑÑнками)”.
ÐÑдÑ-ÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамÑ, пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ñ "
+"бÑлÑÑе, нÑж Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"вÑзÑкого клаÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв, бÑло б
коÑиÑно додаÑи до опеÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑеми."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Even games are included in the task list—and have been since the "
+"beginning. Unix included games, so naturally GNU should too. But "
+"compatibility was not an issue for games, so we did not follow the list of "
+"games that Unix had. Instead, we listed a spectrum of different kinds of "
+"games that users might like."
+msgstr ""
+"У ÑпиÑок Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð²ÑÑÑ
гÑи — Ñ Ñак бÑло з Ñамого "
+"поÑаÑкÑ."
+"Ð Unix вÑ
одили ÑгÑи, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñ GNU вони, пÑиÑодно,
Ñеж Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²Ñ
одиÑи. Ðле"
+"Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ³Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ñоблема ÑÑмÑÑноÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ ÑÑоÑла,
ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ не повÑоÑÑвали ÑпиÑок"
+"ÑгоÑ, ÑÐºÑ Ð±Ñли в Unix. ÐамÑÑÑÑ ÑÑого ми
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+"ÑгоÑ, ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ б ÑподобаÑиÑÑ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑам."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(1) That was written in 1998. In 2009 we no longer maintain a long task "
+"list. The community develops free software so fast that we can't even keep "
+"track of it all. Instead, we have a list of High Priority Projects, a much "
+"shorter list of projects we really want to encourage people to write."
+msgstr ""
+"(1) Це бÑло напиÑано в 1998 ÑоÑÑ. Ðз 2009 ÑÐ¾ÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¸
бÑлÑÑе не "
+"пÑдÑÑимÑÑмо довгий ÑпиÑок завданÑ.
СпÑвÑоваÑиÑÑво ÑозÑоблÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ "
+"пÑогÑами Ñак Ñвидко, Ñо ми не можемо
навÑÑÑ Ð²ÑдÑлÑдковÑваÑи ÑÑ
ÑÑÑ. ÐамÑÑÑÑ "
+"ÑÑого "
+"Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñ ÑпиÑок виÑокопÑÑоÑиÑеÑниÑ
пÑоекÑÑв - набагаÑо "
+"коÑоÑÑий ÑпиÑок пÑоекÑÑв, до здÑйÑненнÑ
ÑкиÑ
ми Ñ
оÑемо заоÑ
оÑиÑи лÑдей "
+"пеÑÑ Ð·Ð° вÑе."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The GNU Library GPL"
+msgstr "ÐÑблÑоÑеÑна GNU GPL"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The GNU C library uses a special kind of copyleft called the GNU Library "
+"General Public License(1), which gives permission to link proprietary "
+"software with the library. Why make this exception?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑблÑоÑека GNU Ð¡Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑовÑÑ Ð¾Ñобливий
ÑÑзновид копÑлеÑÑÑ, "
+"Ñкий називаÑÑÑÑÑ ÐÑблÑоÑеÑноÑ
ÑÑандаÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð³ÑомадÑÑÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð»ÑÑензÑÑÑ GNU (1), "
+"Ñка Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ñл компонÑваÑи з ÑÑÑÑ
бÑблÑоÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ "
+"пÑогÑами. ÐавÑÑо бÑв зÑоблений винÑÑок?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"It is not a matter of principle; there is no principle that says proprietary "
+"software products are entitled to include our code. (Why contribute to a "
+"project predicated on refusing to share with us?) Using the LGPL for the C "
+"library, or for any library, is a matter of strategy."
+msgstr ""
+"Це не бÑло ÑпÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑинÑипÑ; немаÑ
пÑинÑипÑ, за ким невÑлÑÐ½Ñ "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑодÑкÑи маÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñаво вклÑÑаÑи в
Ñебе наÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами. (ÐавÑÑо вноÑиÑи "
+"внеÑок Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑ, в оÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ñкого лежиÑÑ
вÑдмова дÑлиÑиÑÑ Ð· нами ÑезÑлÑÑаÑами?) "
+"ÐаÑÑоÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ LGPL Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑеки Ð¡Ñ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ длÑ
бÑдÑ-ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑнÑÐ¾Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑеки - Ñе "
+" пиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑÑÑаÑегÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The C library does a generic job; every proprietary system or compiler comes "
+"with a C library. Therefore, to make our C library available only to free "
+"software would not have given free software any advantage—it would "
+"only have discouraged use of our library."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑблÑоÑека Ð¡Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð³Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÑ;
бÑдÑ-Ñка невÑлÑна ÑиÑÑема або "
+"компÑлÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· бÑблÑоÑекоÑ
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+"ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑÐµÐºÑ Ð¡Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¿Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑÑлÑки длÑ
вÑлÑниÑ
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+"надало б вÑлÑним пÑогÑамами нÑÑкоÑ
пеÑеваги — Ñе "
+"ÑÑлÑки ÑÑвоÑило б ÑÑимÑл не коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ
наÑÐ¾Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑекоÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One system is an exception to this: on the GNU system (and this includes "
+"GNU/Linux), the GNU C library is the only C library. So the distribution "
+"terms of the GNU C library determine whether it is possible to compile a "
+"proprietary program for the GNU system. There is no ethical reason to allow "
+"proprietary applications on the GNU system, but strategically it seems that "
+"disallowing them would do more to discourage use of the GNU system than to "
+"encourage development of free applications. That is why using the Library "
+"GPL is a good strategy for the C library."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми Ñе не вÑÑно: в ÑиÑÑемÑ
GNU (Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑиÑÐ»Ñ GNU/Linux) "
+"бÑблÑоÑека GNU Ð¡Ñ Ñдина бÑблÑоÑека
СÑ. Ð¢Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñмови "
+"поÑиÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑеки GNU Ð¡Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑÑ, Ñи
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+"невÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑиÑÑеми GNU. ÐемаÑ
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+"ÑлÑд дозволÑÑи невÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами в
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+"ÑоÑки зоÑÑ Ð·Ð´Ð°ÑÑÑÑÑ, Ñо ÑÑ
забоÑона
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+"коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ "
+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ GNU, нÑж заоÑ
оÑÑвала б ÑозÑоблÑÑи
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+"заÑÑоÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÐÑблÑоÑеÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ GPL гаÑне
ÑÑÑаÑегÑÑне ÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"бÑблÑоÑеки СÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For other libraries, the strategic decision needs to be considered on a "
+"case-by-case basis. When a library does a special job that can help write "
+"certain kinds of programs, then releasing it under the GPL, limiting it to "
+"free programs only, is a way of helping other free software developers, "
+"giving them an advantage against proprietary software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÐ»Ñ ÑнÑиÑ
бÑблÑоÑек ÑÑÑаÑегÑÑне ÑÑÑеннÑ
поÑÑÑбно пÑиймаÑи окÑемо Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"кожного випадкÑ. Ðоли бÑблÑоÑека виÑÑÑÑÑ
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+"допомогÑи в напиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑам певниÑ
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+"GPL, обмежÑÑÑи лиÑе вÑлÑними пÑогÑамами, Ñе
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+"допомогÑи ÑозÑобникам ÑнÑиÑ
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+"невÑлÑним пÑогÑамним забезпеÑеннÑм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Consider GNU Readline, a library that was developed to provide command-line "
+"editing for BASH. Readline is released under the ordinary GNU GPL, not the "
+"Library GPL. This probably does reduce the amount Readline is used, but "
+"that is no loss for us. Meanwhile, at least one useful application has been "
+"made free software specifically so it could use Readline, and that is a real "
+"gain for the community."
+msgstr ""
+"РозглÑнемо GNU Readline, бÑблÑоÑекÑ,
ÑозÑобленÑ, Ñоб ÑеалÑзÑваÑи "
+"ÑедагÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑдка Ð´Ð»Ñ BASH. Readline
випÑÑкаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñд звиÑÐ°Ð¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ "
+"GNU GPL, а не ÐÑблÑоÑеÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ GPL. Це, можливо, Ñ
звÑжÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÑоÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Readline, "
+"але Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñе не вÑÑаÑа. У Ñой же ÑаÑ
ÑонайменÑе один коÑиÑний "
+"додаÑок зÑобили вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ñаме
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+"викоÑиÑÑовÑваÑи Readline, а Ñе ÑеалÑний
вигÑÐ°Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑпÑлÑноÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Proprietary software developers have the advantages money provides; free "
+"software developers need to make advantages for each other. I hope some day "
+"we will have a large collection of GPL-covered libraries that have no "
+"parallel available to proprietary software, providing useful modules to "
+"serve as building blocks in new free software, and adding up to a major "
+"advantage for further free software development."
+msgstr ""
+"У ÑозÑобникÑв невÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам Ñ
пеÑеваги, Ñо надаÑÑÑÑÑ "
+"гÑоÑима; ÑозÑобникам вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам
поÑÑÑбно ÑÑвоÑÑваÑи пеÑеваги один "
+"Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾. Я ÑподÑваÑÑÑ, Ñо наÑÑане денÑ,
коли Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±Ñде великий збÑÑник "
+"бÑблÑоÑек пÑд GPL, Ñ ÑкиÑ
Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ñв,
доÑÑÑпниÑ
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑниÑ
"
+"пÑогÑам. Цей збÑÑник бÑде надаваÑи
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+"бÑдÑвелÑниÑ
блокÑв Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ
вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам, доповнÑваÑимеÑÑÑÑ Ñа з ÑаÑом "
+"ÑÑане ÑеÑйозним важелем Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ð»ÑÑого
ÑозвиÑÐºÑ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(1) This license is now called the GNU Lesser General Public License, to "
+"avoid giving the idea that all libraries ought to use it. See <a "
+"href=\"/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html\">Why you shouldn't use the Lesser GPL "
+"for your next library</a> for more information."
+msgstr ""
+"(1) Ð¦Ñ Ð»ÑÑензÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ñаз називаÑÑÑÑÑ ÐенÑоÑ
ÑÑандаÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð³ÑомадÑÑÐºÐ¾Ñ "
+"лÑÑензÑÑÑ GNU, Ñоб не наводиÑи на дÑмкÑ,
нÑби вÑÑ Ð±ÑблÑоÑеки зобов'ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ñ "
+"коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑ. ÐодÑобиÑÑ Ð´Ð¸Ð². Ñ
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+"href=\"/philosophy/why-not-"
+"lgpl.html\">“Ð§Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ не ÑлÑд заÑÑоÑовÑваÑи
ÐенÑÑ GPL Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑвоÑÑ "
+"наÑÑÑÐ¿Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑеки”</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Scratching an itch?"
+msgstr "ТвоÑÑа неÑеÑплÑÑка?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Eric Raymond says that “Every good work of software starts by "
+"scratching a developer's personal itch.” Maybe that happens sometimes, "
+"but many essential pieces of GNU software were developed in order to have a "
+"complete free operating system. They come from a vision and a plan, not "
+"from impulse."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑк Реймонд каже, Ñо “бÑдÑ-Ñка Ñ
оÑоÑа
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+"поÑинаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑобиÑÑоÑ
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+"Ðоже бÑÑи, ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñак Ñ Ð²ÑдбÑваÑÑÑÑÑ, але
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пÑогÑам GNU бÑли "
+"ÑозÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, Ñоб оÑÑимаÑи повнÑ
вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑ. "
+"ÐÑ
поÑодило ÑÑÑаÑегÑÑне планÑваннÑ, а не
ÑмпÑлÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For example, we developed the GNU C library because a Unix-like system needs "
+"a C library, BASH because a Unix-like system needs a shell, and GNU tar "
+"because a Unix-like system needs a tar program. The same is true for my own "
+"programs—the GNU C compiler, GNU Emacs, GDB and GNU Make."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐапÑиклад, ми ÑозÑобили бÑблÑоÑеки GNU СÑ,
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+"поÑÑÑбна бÑблÑоÑека СÑ, BASH ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо в
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+"командний ÑнÑеÑпÑеÑаÑоÑ, GNU tar ÑомÑ
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+"поÑÑÑбна пÑогÑама tar. Те ж Ñаме вÑÑно Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ
моÑÑ
влаÑниÑ
пÑогÑам "
+"— компÑлÑÑÐ¾Ñ GNU СÑ, GNU Emacs Ñ GNU Make. "
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Some GNU programs were developed to cope with specific threats to our "
+"freedom. Thus, we developed gzip to replace the Compress program, which had "
+"been lost to the community because of the <acronym "
+"title=\"Lempel-Ziv-Welch\">LZW</acronym> patents. We found people to "
+"develop LessTif, and more recently started <acronym title=\"GNU Network "
+"Object Model Environment\">GNOME</acronym> and Harmony, to address the "
+"problems caused by certain proprietary libraries (see below). We are "
+"developing the GNU Privacy Guard to replace popular nonfree encryption "
+"software, because users should not have to choose between privacy and "
+"freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами GNU ÑозÑобленÑ, Ñоб боÑоÑиÑÑ
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+"наÑÑй волÑ. ÐокÑема, ми ÑозÑобили gzip, Ñоб
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+"Ñка бÑла вÑÑаÑена Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑпÑлÑÑÑва ÑеÑез
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+"знайÑли лÑдей Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑозÑобки Lesstif, а пÑзнÑÑе
оÑганÑзÑвали <acronym "
+"title=\"GNU Network "
+"Object Model Environment\">GNOME</acronym> Ñ Harmony, Ñоб
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+"пÑоблеми, "
+"Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÐµÐ²Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ невÑлÑними
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+"ÑозÑоблÑÑмо GNU Privacy Guard, Ñоб замÑниÑи
попÑлÑÑÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ ÑиÑÑÑваннÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ
не Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð±Ð¸ÑаÑи мÑж "
+"конÑÑденÑÑйнÑÑÑÑ Ñ ÑвободоÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Of course, the people writing these programs became interested in the work, "
+"and many features were added to them by various people for the sake of their "
+"own needs and interests. But that is not why the programs exist."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐвиÑайно, Ñ Ð»Ñдей, ÑÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¸Ñали ÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами,
з'ÑвлÑвÑÑ ÑнÑеÑÐµÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑÑÑÑ ÑобоÑи, "
+"Ñ "
+"ÑÑÐ·Ð½Ñ Ð»Ñди додали до ÑиÑ
пÑогÑам багаÑо
можливоÑÑей Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+"ÑвоÑÑ
влаÑниÑ
поÑÑеб Ñа ÑнÑеÑеÑÑв. Ðле Ñе
не пÑиÑина ÑÑнÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑиÑ
"
+"пÑогÑам."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Unexpected developments"
+msgstr "ÐеÑподÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑозÑобки"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"At the beginning of the GNU Project, I imagined that we would develop the "
+"whole GNU system, then release it as a whole. That is not how it happened."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðа поÑаÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑÑ GNU Ñ ÑÑвлÑв ÑобÑ, Ñо ми
ÑозÑобимо вÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU, "
+"а поÑÑм випÑÑÑимо ÑÑ ÑÑлком. Ðле вийÑло
по-ÑнÑомÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Since each component of the GNU system was implemented on a Unix system, "
+"each component could run on Unix systems long before a complete GNU system "
+"existed. Some of these programs became popular, and users began extending "
+"them and porting them—to the various incompatible versions of Unix, "
+"and sometimes to other systems as well."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑкÑлÑки кожен ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑиÑÑеми GNU бÑв
ÑеалÑзований в ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Unix, кожен "
+"ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ñг пÑаÑÑваÑи в ÑиÑÑемаÑ
Unix
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+"GNU. ÐеÑÐºÑ Ð· ÑиÑ
пÑогÑам ÑÑали попÑлÑÑними,
Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ñали "
+"ÑозÑиÑÑваÑи Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеноÑиÑи ÑÑ
на
ÑÑÐ·Ð½Ñ Ð½ÐµÑÑмÑÑÐ½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ "
+"Unix, а ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑнÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The process made these programs much more powerful, and attracted both funds "
+"and contributors to the GNU Project. But it probably also delayed "
+"completion of a minimal working system by several years, as GNU developers' "
+"time was put into maintaining these ports and adding features to the "
+"existing components, rather than moving on to write one missing component "
+"after another."
+msgstr ""
+"У ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑеÑÑ ÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами ÑÑавали
набагаÑо еÑекÑивнÑÑÑ Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð»ÑÑали "
+"ÑÑнанÑовÑ, Ñак Ñ Ð»ÑдÑÑÐºÑ ÑеÑÑÑÑи в пÑоекÑ
GNU. Ðле Ñе Ñакож, ймовÑÑно, "
+"вÑддалило завеÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¼ÑнÑмалÑноÑ
пÑаÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑиÑÑеми на декÑлÑка ÑокÑв, "
+"оÑкÑлÑки ÑÐ°Ñ ÑозÑобникÑв GNU йÑло на
пÑдÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐºÑ ÑиÑ
пеÑенеÑениÑ
"
+"веÑÑÑй Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑей до
ÑÑнÑÑÑиÑ
компоненÑÑв, замÑÑÑÑ Ñого "
+"Ñоб пеÑеÑ
одиÑи до напиÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
вÑдÑÑÑнÑого компоненÑа за ÑнÑим."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "The GNU Hurd"
+msgstr "GNU Hurd"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"By 1990, the GNU system was almost complete; the only major missing "
+"component was the kernel. We had decided to implement our kernel as a "
+"collection of server processes running on top of Mach. Mach is a "
+"microkernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University and then at the "
+"University of Utah; the GNU Hurd is a collection of servers (i.e., a herd of "
+"GNUs) that run on top of Mach, and do the various jobs of the Unix kernel. "
+"The start of development was delayed as we waited for Mach to be released as "
+"free software, as had been promised."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо 1990 ÑÐ¾ÐºÑ ÑиÑÑема GNU бÑла майже
завеÑÑена; Ñдиним ÑеÑйозним "
+"вÑдÑÑÑнÑм компоненÑом бÑло ÑдÑо. Ðи
виÑÑÑили ÑеалÑзÑваÑи ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑдÑо Ñк "
+"збÑÑÐºÑ ÑеÑвеÑниÑ
пÑоÑеÑÑв, Ñо виконÑÑÑÑÑÑ
на Mach. Mach —"
+"мÑкÑоÑдÑо, Ñке ÑозÑоблÑлоÑÑ Ð²
УнÑвеÑÑиÑеÑÑ ÐаÑнегÑ-Ðеллона, а поÑÑм "
+"— в УнÑвеÑÑиÑеÑÑ Ð®Ñи; GNU Hurd збÑÑка
ÑеÑвеÑÑв (ÑобÑо "
+" ÑабÑн GNU), ÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Mach Ñ "
+"виконÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÐ·Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑдÑа Unix. ÐоÑаÑок
ÑозÑобки вÑддаливÑÑ, "
+"бо ми Ñекали, коли Mach випÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð² ÑкоÑÑÑ
вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами, Ñк "
+"бÑло обÑÑÑно."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One reason for choosing this design was to avoid what seemed to be the "
+"hardest part of the job: debugging a kernel program without a source-level "
+"debugger to do it with. This part of the job had been done already, in "
+"Mach, and we expected to debug the Hurd servers as user programs, with GDB. "
+"But it took a long time to make that possible, and the multithreaded servers "
+"that send messages to each other have turned out to be very hard to debug. "
+"Making the Hurd work solidly has stretched on for many years."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐднÑÑÑ Ð· пÑиÑин, по ÑкиÑ
ми обÑали ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ð°ÑÑ
ÑÑекÑÑÑÑ, бÑло Ð±Ð°Ð¶Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ "
+"ÑникнÑÑи Ñого, Ñо здавалоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ñим в
ÑÑй ÑобоÑÑ: налагоджÑваÑи "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ ÑдÑа, не маÑÑи Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑого
зневадника ÑÑÐ²Ð½Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñ
Ñдного ÑекÑÑÑ. Ð¦Ñ "
+"ÑаÑÑина ÑобоÑи бÑла виконана в Mach, Ñ Ð¼Ð¸
збиÑалиÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð¶ÑваÑи ÑеÑвеÑи "
+"Hurd Ñк коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑÐºÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами з допомогоÑ
GDB. Ðле на Ñе, Ñоб зÑобиÑи "
+"Ñе можливим, пÑÑло моÑе ÑаÑÑ, а
багаÑопоÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ ÑеÑвеÑи, ÑÐºÑ "
+"ÑозÑилали один Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑдомленнÑ,
виÑвилиÑÑ Ð´Ñже важкими в налагодженнÑ. "
+"ÐоÑÑÐ³Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+"ÑÑабÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑобоÑи Hurd ÑозÑÑгнÑлоÑÑ Ð½Ð°
Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð³Ñ Ñоки."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Alix"
+msgstr "Alix"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The GNU kernel was not originally supposed to be called the Hurd. Its "
+"original name was Alix—named after the woman who was my sweetheart at "
+"the time. She, a Unix system administrator, had pointed out how her name "
+"would fit a common naming pattern for Unix system versions; as a joke, she "
+"told her friends, “Someone should name a kernel after me.” I "
+"said nothing, but decided to surprise her with a kernel named Alix."
+msgstr ""
+"СпоÑаÑÐºÑ Ð½Ðµ пеÑедбаÑалоÑÑ, Ñо ÑдÑо GNU бÑде
називаÑиÑÑ Hurd. "
+"ÐеÑÑа назва бÑла “Alix” на ÑеÑÑÑ
"
+"жÑнки, Ñка бÑла в Ñой ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ñ
аноÑ.
Ðона, бÑдÑÑи ÑиÑÑемним "
+"адмÑнÑÑÑÑаÑоÑом Unix, звеÑнÑла ÑвагÑ, Ñо ÑÑ
Ñм'Ñ ÑкладаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð² звиÑÐ°Ð¹Ð½Ñ "
+"ÑÑ
ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑй ÑиÑÑеми Unix;
жаÑÑома вона Ñказала ÑвоÑм дÑÑзÑм: "
+"“комÑ-небÑÐ´Ñ ÑлÑд бÑло б назваÑи ÑдÑо в
Ð¼Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑÑÑ”. Я нÑÑого не "
+"вÑдповÑв, але виÑÑÑив зÑобиÑи Ñй ÑÑÑпÑиз,
назвавÑи ÑдÑо “Alix”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"It did not stay that way. Michael (now Thomas) Bushnell, the main developer "
+"of the kernel, preferred the name Hurd, and redefined Alix to refer to a "
+"certain part of the kernel—the part that would trap system calls and "
+"handle them by sending messages to Hurd servers."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðле згодом ÑÑановиÑе змÑнилоÑÑ. Ðайкл
(ÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÑ Ð¢Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ñ) ÐÑÑнелл, головний "
+"ÑозÑобник ÑдÑа, волÑв Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ “Hurd” Ñ
пеÑенÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ "
+"Alix на Ð¿ÐµÐ²Ð½Ñ ÑаÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ ÑдÑа ÑÑ, Ñо пеÑеÑ
оплÑвала ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ñ "
+"виклики Ñа обÑоблÑла ÑÑ
, ÑозÑилаÑÑи
повÑÐ´Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑеÑвеÑÑв Hurd."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Later, Alix and I broke up, and she changed her name; independently, the "
+"Hurd design was changed so that the C library would send messages directly "
+"to servers, and this made the Alix component disappear from the design."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðгодом ми з ÐлÑÐºÑ ÑозÑйÑлиÑÑ, а вона
змÑнила Ñм'Ñ; незалежно вÑд ÑÑого "
+"аÑÑ
ÑÑекÑÑÑа Hurd змÑнилаÑÑ Ñак, Ñо
бÑблÑоÑека Ð¡Ñ ÑÑала ÑозÑилаÑи
повÑÐ´Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ "
+"ÑеÑвеÑÑв безпоÑеÑеднÑо, Ñ Ð² ÑезÑлÑÑаÑÑ
ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ Alix зник з ÑиÑÑеми."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But before these things happened, a friend of hers came across the name Alix "
+"in the Hurd source code, and mentioned it to her. So she did have the "
+"chance to find a kernel named after her."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðле до Ñого, Ñк вÑе Ñе ÑÑалоÑÑ, ÑÑ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð¹
наÑÑапив на Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ñ “"
+"Alix” Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñ
ÑÐ´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑекÑÑÑ Hurd Ñ Ð·Ð³Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð² пÑо
Ñе в ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð· неÑ. Так "
+"Ñо можливÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ñи ÑдÑо, назване на ÑÑ
ÑеÑÑÑ, Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð±Ñла."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Linux and GNU/Linux"
+msgstr "Linux Ñа GNU/Linux"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The GNU Hurd is not suitable for production use, and we don't know if it "
+"ever will be. The capability-based design has problems that result directly "
+"from the flexibility of the design, and it is not clear whether solutions "
+"exist."
+msgstr ""
+"GNU Hurd непÑидаÑне Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑкденного
коÑиÑÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ не знаÑмо, Ñи бÑде "
+"воно коли-небÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿ÑидаÑне. У аÑÑ
ÑÑекÑÑÑного ÑÑÑеннÑ, пÑийнÑÑого на оÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ñ "
+"поÑенÑÑйниÑ
можливоÑÑей, Ñ Ð¿Ñоблеми, Ñо
випливаÑÑÑ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¿Ð¾ÑеÑеднÑо з "
+"гнÑÑкоÑÑÑ Ð°ÑÑ
ÑÑекÑÑÑи Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ·ÑозÑмÑло, Ñи
можна ÑÑ
виÑÑÑиÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Fortunately, another kernel is available. In 1991, Linus Torvalds developed "
+"a Unix-compatible kernel and called it Linux. In 1992, he made Linux free "
+"software; combining Linux with the not-quite-complete GNU system resulted in "
+"a complete free operating system. (Combining them was a substantial job in "
+"itself, of course.) It is due to Linux that we can actually run a version "
+"of the GNU system today."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðа ÑаÑÑÑ, Ñ ÑнÑе ÑдÑо. У 1991 ÑÐ¾ÐºÑ ÐÑнÑÑ
ТоÑвалÑÐ´Ñ ÑозÑобив "
+"ÑÑмÑÑне з Unix ÑдÑо Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð² його Linux. У
1992 ÑоÑÑ Ð²Ñн зÑобив його "
+"вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамоÑ; поÑÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Linux з не
зовÑÑм Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ GNU дало "
+"Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑ.
(ÐвиÑайно, поÑÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±Ñло Ñамо по "
+"ÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ñ ÑобоÑоÑ.) Саме завдÑки Linux ми
можемо ÑÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑпÑавжнÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"пÑаÑÑваÑи на однÑй з веÑÑÑй ÑиÑÑеми GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We call this system version GNU/Linux, to express its composition as a "
+"combination of the GNU system with Linux as the kernel."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðи називаÑмо ÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑеми
“GNU/Linux”, Ñоб виÑазиÑи ÑÑ "
+"Ñклад Ñк поÑÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑиÑÑеми GNU з Linux в
ÑкоÑÑÑ ÑдÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Challenges in our future"
+msgstr "Ðиклики Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð¹Ð±ÑÑнÑомÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We have proved our ability to develop a broad spectrum of free software. "
+"This does not mean we are invincible and unstoppable. Several challenges "
+"make the future of free software uncertain; meeting them will require "
+"steadfast effort and endurance, sometimes lasting for years. It will "
+"require the kind of determination that people display when they value their "
+"freedom and will not let anyone take it away."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðи довели, Ñо ми здаÑÐ½Ñ ÑозÑоблÑÑи ÑиÑокий
ÑпекÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
"
+"пÑогÑам. Це не ознаÑаÑ, Ñо ми непеÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ñ
неÑÑÑимнÑ. ÐÑлÑка "
+"пеÑеÑкод вноÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑенÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñе
майбÑÑнÑ; Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑÑ
поÑÑебÑÑ "
+"непоÑ
иÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑÑÑйкоÑÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ³Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÑ,
ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑгом довгиÑ
ÑокÑв. Це "
+"Ð²Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑÑÑоÑÑÑ, ÑÐºÑ Ð²Ð¸ÑвлÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ñди,
коли вони ÑÑнÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ "
+"не даÑÑÑ Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð±ÑаÑи ÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "The following four sections discuss these challenges."
+msgstr "У наÑÑÑпниÑ
ÑоÑиÑÑоÑ
ÑоздÑлаÑ
обговоÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¸."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Secret hardware"
+msgstr "СекÑеÑна апаÑаÑÑÑа"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Hardware manufacturers increasingly tend to keep hardware specifications "
+"secret. This makes it difficult to write free drivers so that Linux and "
+"XFree86 can support new hardware. We have complete free systems today, but "
+"we will not have them tomorrow if we cannot support tomorrow's computers."
+msgstr ""
+"У виÑобникÑв апаÑаÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñинки
ÑпоÑÑеÑÑгаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð·ÑоÑÑаÑÑа ÑенденÑÑÑ
збеÑÑгаÑи "
+"ÑпеÑиÑÑкаÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð² ÑекÑеÑÑ. Це
ÑÑкладнÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
"
+"дÑайвеÑÑв, поÑÑÑбниÑ
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, Ñоб Linux Ñ
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+"апаÑаÑÑÑÑ. СÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑлÑнÑ
ÑиÑÑеми, але Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð½Ðµ бÑде "
+"ÑÑ
завÑÑа, ÑкÑо ми не зможемо пÑдÑÑимÑваÑи
завÑÑаÑÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿'ÑÑеÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There are two ways to cope with this problem. Programmers can do reverse "
+"engineering to figure out how to support the hardware. The rest of us can "
+"choose the hardware that is supported by free software; as our numbers "
+"increase, secrecy of specifications will become a self-defeating policy."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐаÑÐ²Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð° ÑпоÑоби Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑÑÑÑ
пÑоблеми. ÐÑогÑамÑÑÑи можÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑоводиÑи "
+"звоÑоÑÐ½Ñ ÑозÑобкÑ, Ñоб з'ÑÑÑваÑи, Ñк
пÑдÑÑимÑваÑи ÑÑ Ð°Ð¿Ð°ÑаÑÑÑÑ. "
+"РеÑÑа з Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð¸ÑаÑи апаÑаÑÑÑÑ, Ñка
пÑдÑÑимÑÑÑÑÑÑ "
+"вÑлÑними пÑогÑамами; по мÑÑÑ Ñого, Ñк наÑÑ
ÑÑди бÑдÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑваÑиÑÑ, "
+"збеÑÑгаÑи ÑпеÑиÑÑкаÑÑÑ Ð² ÑекÑеÑÑ Ð±Ñде
ÑÑаваÑи каÑаÑÑÑоÑÑÑно невигÑдно."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Reverse engineering is a big job; will we have programmers with sufficient "
+"determination to undertake it? Yes—if we have built up a strong "
+"feeling that free software is a matter of principle, and nonfree drivers are "
+"intolerable. And will large numbers of us spend extra money, or even a "
+"little extra time, so we can use free drivers? Yes, if the determination to "
+"have freedom is widespread."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐвоÑоÑна ÑозÑобка - велика ÑобоÑа; Ñи
бÑдÑÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"пÑогÑамÑÑÑи, ÑÑÑÑÑоÑÑÑ ÑкиÑ
виÑÑаÑило б
на ÑÑ Ð·Ð´ÑйÑненнÑ? Так, "
+" ÑкÑо ми виÑ
оваÑмо ÑÑÑÐ¹ÐºÑ Ð¿ÐµÑеконанÑÑÑÑ,
Ñо вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами - "
+" ÑпÑава пÑинÑипÑ, а закÑиÑÑ Ð´ÑайвеÑи
непÑипÑÑÑимÑ. Чи багаÑо Ñ
Ñо з Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"виÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð²Ñ Ð³ÑоÑÑ Ð°Ð±Ð¾ Ñ
оÑа б ÑÑоÑ
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ÑаÑÑ, Ñоб ми могли "
+"коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑними дÑайвеÑами? Так,
ÑкÑо ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÑÑи ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
+"бÑде ÑÑдкÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(2008 note: this issue extends to the BIOS as well. There is a free BIOS, "
+"coreboot; the problem is getting specs for machines so that coreboot can "
+"support them.)"
+msgstr ""
+"(ÐаÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ 2008 ÑокÑ: ÑÑ Ð¿Ñоблема Ñакож
ÑÑоÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ BIOS. ÐÑнÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑна "
+"BIOS, звана coreboot; пÑоблема полÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð²
оÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑпеÑиÑÑкаÑÑй на "
+"маÑини, Ñоб coreboot мÑг ÑÑ
пÑдÑÑимÑваÑи.)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Nonfree libraries"
+msgstr "ÐевÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑеки"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A nonfree library that runs on free operating systems acts as a trap for "
+"free software developers. The library's attractive features are the bait; "
+"if you use the library, you fall into the trap, because your program cannot "
+"usefully be part of a free operating system. (Strictly speaking, we could "
+"include your program, but it won't <em>run</em> with the library missing.) "
+"Even worse, if a program that uses the proprietary library becomes popular, "
+"it can lure other unsuspecting programmers into the trap."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐевÑлÑна бÑблÑоÑека, Ñка пÑаÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñд
ÑпÑавлÑннÑм вÑлÑниÑ
"
+"опеÑаÑÑйниÑ
ÑиÑÑем, дÑÑ Ñк паÑÑка длÑ
ÑозÑобникÑв вÑлÑниÑ
"
+"пÑогÑам. ÐÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ñ Ð¾ÑобливоÑÑÑ
бÑблÑоÑеки - Ñе пÑиманка, "
+"ÑкÑо ви коÑиÑÑÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð±ÑблÑоÑекоÑ, ви
поÑÑаплÑÑÑе в паÑÑкÑ, бо ваÑа "
+"пÑогÑама не може бÑÑи коÑиÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ ÑаÑÑиноÑ
вÑлÑÐ½Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑеми. "
+"(СÑÑого кажÑÑи, ми могли б пÑиÑднаÑи ваÑÑ
пÑогÑамÑ, але вона не бÑде "
+"<em>пÑаÑÑваÑи</em>, ÑкÑо Ñй бÑде бÑакÑваÑи
бÑблÑоÑеки.) ÐÑÑÑе Ñого: ÑкÑо "
+"пÑогÑама, Ñка коÑиÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑноÑ
бÑблÑоÑекоÑ, ÑÑÐ°Ñ "
+"попÑлÑÑноÑ, вона може заманиÑи в паÑÑкÑ
ÑнÑиÑ
нÑÑого не пÑдозÑÑÑÑиÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The first instance of this problem was the Motif toolkit, back in the 80s. "
+"Although there were as yet no free operating systems, it was clear what "
+"problem Motif would cause for them later on. The GNU Project responded in "
+"two ways: by asking individual free software projects to support the free X "
+"Toolkit widgets as well as Motif, and by asking for someone to write a free "
+"replacement for Motif. The job took many years; LessTif, developed by the "
+"Hungry Programmers, became powerful enough to support most Motif "
+"applications only in 1997."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеÑÑим випадком ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñоблеми ÑÑала
бÑблÑоÑека Motif, Ñе Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑмдеÑÑÑиÑ
. "
+"ХоÑа вÑлÑниÑ
опеÑаÑÑйниÑ
ÑиÑÑем Ñе не
ÑÑнÑвало, бÑло ÑÑно, ÑÐºÐ¾Ñ "
+"пÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ñ ÑÑане Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
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+"заÑ
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ÑозÑобникÑв
вÑлÑниÑ
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+"вÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑеки елеменÑÑв ÑпÑавлÑÐ½Ð½Ñ X,
а не ÑÑлÑки Motif, Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑив знайÑи "
+"кого-небÑдÑ, Ñ
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+"Lesstif, ÑозÑоблена гÑÑÐ¿Ð¾Ñ “ÐолоднÑ
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+"доÑÑаÑнÑо еÑекÑивноÑ, Ñоб пÑдÑÑимÑваÑи
бÑлÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑкÑв Motif, "
+"ÑÑлÑки в 1997 ÑоÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Between 1996 and 1998, another nonfree <acronym title=\"Graphical User "
+"Interface\">GUI</acronym> toolkit library, called Qt, was used in a "
+"substantial collection of free software, the desktop <acronym title=\"K "
+"Desktop Environment\">KDE</acronym>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑж 1996 Ñ 1998 Ñоками ÑнÑа невÑлÑна
бÑблÑоÑека гÑаÑÑÑного "
+"ÑнÑеÑÑейÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑа, названа Qt,
заÑÑоÑовÑвалаÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñного маÑÐ¸Ð²Ñ "
+"вÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам Ñ Ð³ÑаÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑеÑедовиÑÑ
<acronym title=\"K "
+"Desktop Environment\">KDE</acronym>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Free GNU/Linux systems were unable to use KDE, because we could not use the "
+"library. However, some commercial distributors of GNU/Linux systems who "
+"were not strict about sticking with free software added KDE to their "
+"systems—producing a system with more capabilities, but less freedom. "
+"The KDE group was actively encouraging more programmers to use Qt, and "
+"millions of new “Linux users” had never been exposed to the idea "
+"that there was a problem in this. The situation appeared grim."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ ÑиÑÑеми GNU/Linux бÑли не в змозÑ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ KDE, ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо "
+"ми не могли коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ ÑÑÑÑ
бÑблÑоÑекоÑ. Ðднак деÑÐºÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÑÐ¹Ð½Ñ "
+"поÑÑаÑалÑники ÑиÑÑем GNU/Linux, ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ðµ
доÑÑимÑвалиÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам "
+"ÑÑвоÑо, додавали KDE ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑеми
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+"пÑдвиÑеними можливоÑÑÑми, але Ñз зниженоÑ
ÑвободоÑ. ÐÑÑпа KDE акÑивно "
+"заоÑ
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пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв
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+"коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв Linux нÑколи не оÑÑвала дÑмка,
Ñо ÑÑÑ Ñ ÑкаÑÑ "
+"пÑоблема. СÑановиÑе бÑло дÑже ÑÑмним."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The free software community responded to the problem in two ways: GNOME and "
+"Harmony."
+msgstr ""
+"СпÑлÑноÑа вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного
забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑдповÑло на пÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð¾Ð¼Ð°"
+"заÑ
одами: ÑеÑедовиÑем GNOME Ñ Ð±ÑблÑоÑекоÑ
Harmony."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"GNOME, the GNU Network Object Model Environment, is GNU's desktop project. "
+"Started in 1997 by Miguel de Icaza, and developed with the support of Red "
+"Hat Software, GNOME set out to provide similar desktop facilities, but using "
+"free software exclusively. It has technical advantages as well, such as "
+"supporting a variety of languages, not just C++. But its main purpose was "
+"freedom: not to require the use of any nonfree software."
+msgstr ""
+"GNOME, ÐеÑежеве об'ÑкÑне моделÑне ÑеÑедовиÑе
GNU - пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ Ð³ÑаÑÑÑного "
+"ÑеÑедовиÑа GNU. ÐапоÑаÑкований Ñ 1997 ÑоÑÑ
ÐÑгелем де Ðказа Ñ "
+"пÑдÑÑиманий Red Hat Software GNOME поклав ÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð°
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+"кÑлÑкоÑ
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+"Ñвобода: не поÑÑÑбно бÑло коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ
жодними невÑлÑними пÑогÑамами."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Harmony is a compatible replacement library, designed to make it possible to "
+"run KDE software without using Qt."
+msgstr ""
+"Harmony - ÑÑмÑÑна бÑблÑоÑека Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¼Ñни,
ÑпÑоекÑована Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"Ñого, аби бÑло можливо виконÑваÑи
пÑогÑами KDE без Qt."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In November 1998, the developers of Qt announced a change of license which, "
+"when carried out, should make Qt free software. There is no way to be sure, "
+"but I think that this was partly due to the community's firm response to the "
+"problem that Qt posed when it was nonfree. (The new license is inconvenient "
+"and inequitable, so it remains desirable to avoid using Qt.)"
+msgstr ""
+"У лиÑÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð°Ð´Ñ 1998 ÑÐ¾ÐºÑ ÑозÑобники Qt
оголоÑили пÑо змÑÐ½Ñ Ð»ÑÑензÑÑ, Ñка, "
+"коли вона бÑде пÑоведена, повинна зÑобиÑи
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+"довеÑÑи, але Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, Ñо ÑаÑÑково Ñе бÑло
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+"ÑпÑлÑноÑи на пÑоблемÑ, ÑÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ñодила Qt,
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+"(Ðова лÑÑензÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ·ÑÑÑна й неÑпÑаведлива,
ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾ ÑиÑ
пÑÑ Ð±Ð°Ð¶Ð°Ð½Ð¾ "
+"ÑникаÑи Qt.)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[Subsequent note: in September 2000, Qt was rereleased under the GNU GPL, "
+"which essentially solved this problem.]"
+msgstr ""
+"[ÐаÑÑÑпне заÑваженнÑ: Ñ Ð²ÐµÑеÑÐ½Ñ 2000 ÑÐ¾ÐºÑ Qt
бÑла випÑÑена пÑд "
+"GNU GPL, Ñо, по ÑÑÑÑ, виÑÑÑило ÑÑ Ð¿ÑоблемÑ.]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"How will we respond to the next tempting nonfree library? Will the whole "
+"community understand the need to stay out of the trap? Or will many of us "
+"give up freedom for convenience, and produce a major problem? Our future "
+"depends on our philosophy."
+msgstr ""
+"Як ми вÑдповÑмо на ÑÐ°ÐºÑ ÑпокÑÑливÑ
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+"ÑÑÑ Ð³Ñомада ÑозÑмÑÑи необÑ
ÑднÑÑÑÑ
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+"пÑомÑнÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð° зÑÑÑнÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑодÑÑÑ
ÑеÑÐ¹Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑоблемÑ? ÐаÑе майбÑÑÐ½Ñ "
+"залежиÑÑ Ð²Ñд наÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÑлоÑоÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Software patents"
+msgstr "ÐаÑенÑи на пÑогÑами"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The worst threat we face comes from software patents, which can put "
+"algorithms and features off limits to free software for up to twenty years. "
+"The LZW compression algorithm patents were applied for in 1983, and we still "
+"cannot release free software to produce proper compressed <acronym "
+"title=\"Graphics Interchange Format\">GIF</acronym>s. [As of 2009 they have "
+"expired.] In 1998, a free program to produce <acronym title=\"MPEG-1 Audio "
+"Layer 3\">MP3</acronym> compressed audio was removed from distribution under "
+"threat of a patent suit."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐайнебезпеÑнÑÑа загÑоза, Ñо поÑÑала пеÑед
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+"пÑогÑами, "
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+"вÑлÑного пÑогÑамного забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°
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+"паÑенÑи на алгоÑиÑм ÑÑиÑÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ LZW бÑли
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ÑÑиÑнÑÑиÑ
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+"<abbr>MP3</abbr> вилÑÑили з диÑÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ñ ÑеÑез
боÑÐ·Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑного позовÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There are ways to cope with patents: we can search for evidence that a "
+"patent is invalid, and we can look for alternative ways to do a job. But "
+"each of these methods works only sometimes; when both fail, a patent may "
+"force all free software to lack some feature that users want. What will we "
+"do when this happens?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐаÑÐ²Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð° ÑпоÑоби боÑоÑÑби з паÑенÑами:
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+"Ñого, Ñо паÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ´ÑйÑний, Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ¼Ð¾ ÑÑкаÑи
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+"виÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ. Ðле кожен з ÑиÑ
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оÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ. Що "
+"ми бÑдемо ÑобиÑи, коли Ñе ÑÑанеÑÑÑÑ?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Those of us who value free software for freedom's sake will stay with free "
+"software anyway. We will manage to get work done without the patented "
+"features. But those who value free software because they expect it to be "
+"technically superior are likely to call it a failure when a patent holds it "
+"back. Thus, while it is useful to talk about the practical effectiveness of "
+"the “bazaar” model of development, and the reliability and power "
+"of some free software, we must not stop there. We must talk about freedom "
+"and principle."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð¢Ñ Ð· наÑ, Ñ
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ÑозвиÑок. Таким "
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+"пÑо ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ Ð¿ÑинÑипи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Free documentation"
+msgstr "ÐÑлÑна докÑменÑаÑÑÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The biggest deficiency in our free operating systems is not in the "
+"software—it is the lack of good free manuals that we can include in "
+"our systems. Documentation is an essential part of any software package; "
+"when an important free software package does not come with a good free "
+"manual, that is a major gap. We have many such gaps today."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐайбÑлÑÑий деÑÑÑиÑ, Ñкий вÑдÑÑваÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑ
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+"ÑпÑÑеннÑ. СÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñо ÑакиÑ
пÑогалин."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Free documentation, like free software, is a matter of freedom, not price. "
+"The criterion for a free manual is pretty much the same as for free "
+"software: it is a matter of giving all users certain freedoms. "
+"Redistribution (including commercial sale) must be permitted, online and on "
+"paper, so that the manual can accompany every copy of the program."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑлÑна докÑменÑаÑÑÑ, Ñк Ñ Ð²ÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами,
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+"ÑÑпÑоводжÑваÑи ÐºÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑами."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Permission for modification is crucial too. As a general rule, I don't "
+"believe that it is essential for people to have permission to modify all "
+"sorts of articles and books. For example, I don't think you or I are "
+"obliged to give permission to modify articles like this one, which describe "
+"our actions and our views."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐозвÑл вноÑиÑи змÑни Ñакож жиÑÑÑво
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+"важливо, Ñоб лÑдÑм бÑло дозволено
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+"ÑÑаÑÑÑ, Ñк ÑÑ, Ñо опиÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑ Ð´ÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑ
поглÑди."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But there is a particular reason why the freedom to modify is crucial for "
+"documentation for free software. When people exercise their right to modify "
+"the software, and add or change its features, if they are conscientious they "
+"will change the manual, too—so they can provide accurate and usable "
+"documentation with the modified program. A nonfree manual, which does not "
+"allow programmers to be conscientious and finish the job, does not fill our "
+"community's needs."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðле Ñ Ð¾ÐºÑема пÑиÑина, по ÑкÑй Ñвобода
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+"ÑобоÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ кÑнÑÑ, не вÑдповÑÐ´Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑебам
наÑÐ¾Ñ ÑпÑлÑноÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Some kinds of limits on how modifications are done pose no problem. For "
+"example, requirements to preserve the original author's copyright notice, "
+"the distribution terms, or the list of authors, are OK. It is also no "
+"problem to require modified versions to include notice that they were "
+"modified, even to have entire sections that may not be deleted or changed, "
+"as long as these sections deal with nontechnical topics. These kinds of "
+"restrictions are not a problem because they don't stop the conscientious "
+"programmer from adapting the manual to fit the modified program. In other "
+"words, they don't block the free software community from making full use of "
+"the manual."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеÑкого ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñе, Ñк вноÑÑÑÑÑÑ
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+"пÑоблеми. ÐапÑиклад, вимоги збеÑÑгаÑи
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+"веÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ñо Ñе, Ñо вони бÑли
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пÑогÑамного забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ "
+"поÑÑбником Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑзÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"However, it must be possible to modify all the <em>technical</em> content of "
+"the manual, and then distribute the result in all the usual media, through "
+"all the usual channels; otherwise, the restrictions do obstruct the "
+"community, the manual is not free, and we need another manual."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðднак повинна бÑÑи можливÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð¼ÑнÑваÑи
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ноÑÑÑÑ
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+"вÑÑм звиÑайним каналам; в ÑнÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐºÑ
ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð°ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑй "
+"ÑпÑлÑноÑÑ, "
+"бо поÑÑбник не вÑлÑний Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ поÑÑÑбно
ÑнÑий поÑÑбник."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Will free software developers have the awareness and determination to "
+"produce a full spectrum of free manuals? Once again, our future depends on "
+"philosophy."
+msgstr ""
+"Чи виÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ñ ÑозÑобникÑв вÑлÑниÑ
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+"на Ñе, Ñоб ÑÑвоÑиÑи ÑвеÑÑ ÑпекÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
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+"майбÑÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ¶Ð¸ÑÑ Ð²Ñд ÑÑлоÑоÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "We must talk about freedom"
+msgstr "Ðи Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑи пÑо ÑвободÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Estimates today are that there are ten million users of GNU/Linux systems "
+"such as Debian GNU/Linux and Red Hat “Linux”. Free software has "
+"developed such practical advantages that users are flocking to it for purely "
+"practical reasons."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðа ÑÑогоднÑÑнÑми оÑÑнками ÑÑнÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑÑÑÑ
мÑлÑйонÑв коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв ÑиÑÑем "
+" GNU/Linux, ÑакиÑ
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+"ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами набÑли ÑÐ°ÐºÑ Ð¿ÑакÑиÑнÑ
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+"коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑ Ð³ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð²ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¾ ниÑ
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ÑиÑÑо пÑакÑиÑниÑ
пÑиÑинаÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The good consequences of this are evident: more interest in developing free "
+"software, more customers for free software businesses, and more ability to "
+"encourage companies to develop commercial free software instead of "
+"proprietary software products."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐобÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑлÑдки ÑÑого оÑевиднÑ: зÑоÑÑаннÑ
ÑнÑеÑеÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑозвиÑÐºÑ Ð²ÑлÑниÑ
"
+"пÑогÑам, ÑиÑла клÑÑнÑÑв пÑдпÑиÑмÑÑв, Ñо
займаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÑлÑними пÑогÑамами, "
+"пÑдвиÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¾Ñ
оÑеннÑ
компанÑй до ÑозÑобки комеÑÑÑйниÑ
вÑлÑниÑ
"
+"пÑогÑам замÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑамниÑ
пÑодÑкÑÑв."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But interest in the software is growing faster than awareness of the "
+"philosophy it is based on, and this leads to trouble. Our ability to meet "
+"the challenges and threats described above depends on the will to stand firm "
+"for freedom. To make sure our community has this will, we need to spread "
+"the idea to the new users as they come into the community."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðле ÑнÑеÑÐµÑ Ð´Ð¾ пÑогÑам зÑоÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑвидÑе, нÑж
попÑлÑÑнÑÑÑÑ ÑÑлоÑоÑÑÑ, на "
+"ÑкÑй вони ÒÑÑнÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ, а Ñе веде до
непÑиÑмноÑÑей. ÐаÑа здаÑнÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÑдповÑдаÑи "
+"на ÑÑÑдноÑÑ Ñа загÑози, опиÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñе,
залежиÑÑ Ð²Ñд наÑÐ¾Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ ÑвеÑдо ÑÑоÑÑи "
+"за ÑвободÑ. Щоб гаÑанÑÑваÑи, Ñо Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñого
гÑомади бÑде Ñака волÑ, "
+"нам поÑÑÑбно пеÑедаваÑи ÑÑ Ð´ÑÐ¼ÐºÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð¼
коÑиÑÑÑваÑам по мÑÑÑ Ñого, Ñк вони "
+"вÑÑÑпаÑÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑ Ð³ÑомадÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But we are failing to do so: the efforts to attract new users into our "
+"community are far outstripping the efforts to teach them the civics of our "
+"community. We need to do both, and we need to keep the two efforts in "
+"balance."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðле нам Ñе не вдаÑÑÑÑÑ: ÑобоÑи по
залÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ
коÑиÑÑÑваÑÑв Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑй "
+"гÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñо випеÑеджаÑÑÑ ÑобоÑи по
навÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ñ ÑÑ
ÑивÑлÑним ноÑмам наÑÐ¾Ñ "
+"ÑпÑлÑноÑи. Ðам поÑÑÑбно ÑобиÑи Ñ Ñе, Ñ
ÑнÑе, доÑÑимÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð±Ð°Ð»Ð°Ð½ÑÑ Ð¼Ñж Ñими "
+"двома "
+" видами дÑÑлÑноÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "“Open Source”"
+msgstr "“ÐÑдкÑиÑий виÑ
Ñдний код”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Teaching new users about freedom became more difficult in 1998, when a part "
+"of the community decided to stop using the term “free software” "
+"and say “open source software” instead."
+msgstr ""
+"РозповÑдаÑи новим коÑиÑÑÑваÑам пÑо
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑÑало важÑе Ñ 1998 ÑоÑÑ, "
+"коли ÑаÑÑина ÑпÑлÑноÑи виÑÑÑила
пÑипиниÑи коÑиÑÑÑваÑиÑÑ ÑеÑмÑном "
+"âвÑлÑна пÑогÑамаâ Ñа замÑÑÑÑ ÑÑого
говоÑиÑи âпÑогÑама з "
+"вÑдкÑиÑим виÑ
Ñдним кодомâ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Some who favored this term aimed to avoid the confusion of "
+"“free” with “gratis”—a valid goal. Others, "
+"however, aimed to set aside the spirit of principle that had motivated the "
+"free software movement and the GNU Project, and to appeal instead to "
+"executives and business users, many of whom hold an ideology that places "
+"profit above freedom, above community, above principle. Thus, the rhetoric "
+"of “open source” focuses on the potential to make high-quality, "
+"powerful software, but shuns the ideas of freedom, community, and principle."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеÑÐºÑ Ð· ÑиÑ
, Ñ
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пÑагнÑли ÑникнÑÑи плÑÑанини "
+"мÑж “вÑлÑним” Ñ
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+"бÑла ÑозÑмна меÑа. Ðднак ÑнÑÑ Ð¿ÑагнÑли
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+"пÑинÑипÑв, ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¾ÑивÑвали ÑÑÑ
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+"забезпеÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU, Ñ Ð°Ð¿ÐµÐ»ÑваÑи
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+"пÑдпÑиÑмÑÑвам, багаÑо з ÑкиÑ
доÑÑимÑвалиÑÑ ÑдеологÑÑ, Ñка ÑÑавиÑÑ "
+"Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ñе Ñвободи, виÑе ÑдноÑÑÑ, виÑе
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+"аÑгÑменÑаÑÑÑ “вÑдкÑиÑого виÑ
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+"можливоÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð²Ð¸ÑокоÑкÑÑниÑ
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пÑогÑам, але обÑ
одиÑÑ "
+"ÑÑоÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ñ ÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ, ÑдноÑÑÑ Ñ
пÑинÑиповоÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The “Linux” magazines are a clear example of this—they are "
+"filled with advertisements for proprietary software that works with "
+"GNU/Linux. When the next Motif or Qt appears, will these magazines warn "
+"programmers to stay away from it, or will they run ads for it?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑнали пÑо “Linux” ÑÑкÑавий
пÑиклад Ñакого пÑдÑ
одÑ: "
+"вони "
+"Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ñ Ñеклами невÑлÑниÑ
пÑогÑам, Ñо
пÑаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñд GNU/Linux. Ðоли з'ÑвиÑÑÑÑ "
+"наÑÑÑпний Motif або Qt, Ñи бÑдÑÑÑ ÑÑ Ð¶ÑÑнали
заÑÑеÑÑгаÑи пÑогÑамÑÑÑÑв вÑд "
+"нÑого або вони бÑдÑÑÑ Ð¹Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑекламÑваÑи?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The support of business can contribute to the community in many ways; all "
+"else being equal, it is useful. But winning their support by speaking even "
+"less about freedom and principle can be disastrous; it makes the previous "
+"imbalance between outreach and civics education even worse."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑдÑÑимка пÑдпÑиÑмниÑÑва може
збагаÑÑваÑи наÑÑ Ð³ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð· ÑÑзниÑ
ÑÑоÑÑн; "
+"пÑи ÑнÑиÑ
ÑÑвниÑ
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пÑдÑÑимкÑ, "
+"кажÑÑи Ñе менÑе пÑо ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ Ð¿ÑинÑипи, Ñе
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+"Ñе Ñе бÑлÑÑе поÑилÑÑ Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ±Ð°Ð»Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¼Ñж
попÑлÑÑнÑÑÑÑ Ñ ÑивÑлÑним "
+"виÑ
ованнÑм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"“Free software” and “open source” describe the same "
+"category of software, more or less, but say different things about the "
+"software, and about values. The GNU Project continues to use the term "
+"“free software”, to express the idea that freedom, not just "
+"technology, is important."
+msgstr ""
+"“ÐÑлÑÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑами” Ñ “вÑдкÑиÑий
виÑ
Ñдний код” "
+"опиÑÑÑÑÑ Ð±ÑлÑÑ-Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ñ ÑÑ Ð¶ каÑегоÑÑÑ
пÑогÑам, але пÑо ÑвободÑ, пÑо "
+"ÑÑнноÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ говоÑÑÑÑ ÑÑзне. ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU
пÑодовжÑÑ Ð²Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñи ÑеÑмÑн "
+"“вÑлÑна пÑогÑама”, Ñоб виÑловиÑи
дÑмка, Ñо Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ñ Ñвобода "
+"взагалÑ, "
+"а не ÑÑлÑки ÑеÑ
нологÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Try!"
+msgstr "СпÑобÑйÑе!"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Yoda's aphorism (“There is no ‘try’”) sounds neat, "
+"but it doesn't work for me. I have done most of my work while anxious about "
+"whether I could do the job, and unsure that it would be enough to achieve "
+"the goal if I did. But I tried anyway, because there was no one but me "
+"between the enemy and my city. Surprising myself, I have sometimes "
+"succeeded."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑоÑизм Ðоди (“‘СпÑоб’ не
бÑває) звÑÑиÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ñе, "
+"але Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ðµ вÑн не пÑдÑ
одиÑÑ. Ðоли Ñ Ñобив
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑобоÑÑ, Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð¹Ð¶Ðµ завжди "
+"ÑÑÑбÑвавÑÑ, Ñи Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ñ Ñ ÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð°Ñи, Ñ Ñ Ð½Ðµ
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+"доÑÑаÑнÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐ³Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ ÑÑлÑ, ÑкÑо Ñ
завеÑÑÑ ÑÑ ÑобоÑÑ. Ðле Ñ Ð²Ñе одно "
+"намагавÑÑ, "
+"ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñо мÑж воÑогом Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ñм мÑÑÑом не бÑло
нÑкого, кÑÑм мене. Ðа мÑй "
+"влаÑний подив деÑо Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Sometimes I failed; some of my cities have fallen. Then I found another "
+"threatened city, and got ready for another battle. Over time, I've learned "
+"to look for threats and put myself between them and my city, calling on "
+"other hackers to come and join me."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеÑо Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ðµ вдавалоÑÑ; деÑÐºÑ Ð· моÑÑ
мÑÑÑ
впали. Ð¢Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ
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+"ÑнÑий оÑоÑене мÑÑÑо Ñ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑвавÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ ÑнÑоÑ
биÑви. Ð ÑаÑом Ñ Ð¿ÑивÑивÑÑ "
+"ÑÑкаÑи загÑози Ñ ÑÑавиÑи Ñебе мÑж ними Ñ
моÑм мÑÑÑом, закликаÑÑи ÑнÑиÑ
"
+"Ñ
акеÑÑв вÑÑаÑи поÑÑÑ Ð·Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ñ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Nowadays, often I'm not the only one. It is a relief and a joy when I see a "
+"regiment of hackers digging in to hold the line, and I realize, this city "
+"may survive—for now. But the dangers are greater each year, and now "
+"Microsoft has explicitly targeted our community. We can't take the future "
+"of freedom for granted. Don't take it for granted! If you want to keep your "
+"freedom, you must be prepared to defend it."
+msgstr ""
+"СÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ñ ÑаÑÑо не ÑамоÑнÑй. Ð ÑадÑÑÑÑ Ñ
полегÑеннÑм Ñ Ð±Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑди Ñ
акеÑÑв, "
+"ÑÐºÑ Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑÑÑÑÑ, Ñоб ÑÑимаÑи лÑнÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ñони,
Ñ Ñ ÑÑвÑдомлÑÑ, Ñо Ñе "
+"мÑÑÑо, можливо, виÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð½Ð°
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+"ÑоÑÑÑÑÑ Ð· кожним Ñоком Ñ Ð²Ð¶Ðµ компанÑÑ
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+"гÑомади. Ðи не можемо дÑмаÑи, Ñо майбÑÑнÑ
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+"Ñак! ЯкÑо ви Ñ
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ви Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑÑи гоÑÐ¾Ð²Ñ Ð·Ð°Ñ
иÑаÑи "
+"ÑÑ."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr " "
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. There are also <a "
+"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and "
+"other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a "
+"href=\"mailto:address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, надÑилайÑе загалÑÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñи
ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ñа GNU за адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a "
+"href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. ÐаÑÐ²Ð½Ñ Ñакож <a
href=\"/contact/"
+"\">ÑнÑÑ ÑпоÑоби зв'ÑзкÑ</a> з Ñондом. ÐвÑÑи
пÑо непÑаÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ Ñ "
+"ÑнÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñи пÑопозиÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð°
надÑилаÑи за адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a href=\"mailto:"
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
+#. replace it with the translation of these two:
+#
+#. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
+#. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
+#. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
+#. to <a href="mailto:address@hidden">
+#
+#. <address@hidden></a>.</p>
+#
+#. <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
+#. our web pages, see <a
+#. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
+#. README</a>.
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a "
+"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
+"for information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðи намагалиÑÑ Ð·ÑобиÑи Ñей пеÑеклад ÑоÑним
Ñа ÑкÑÑним, але виклÑÑиÑи "
+"можливÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð»ÐºÐ¸ ми не можемо.
ÐадÑилайÑе, бÑÐ´Ñ Ð»Ð°Ñка, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ñ Ñ "
+"пÑопозиÑÑÑ Ñодо пеÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ñ Ð·Ð° адÑеÑÐ¾Ñ <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden"
+"\"><address@hidden></a>. </p><p>ÐÑдомоÑÑÑ Ð·
кооÑдинаÑÑÑ Ñа "
+"пÑопозиÑÑй пеÑекладÑв наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей див. Ñ
<a href=\"/server/standards/README."
+"translations.html\">“ÐоÑÑÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð·
пеÑекладє</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Copyright © 1998, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010 Richard "
+"Stallman"
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 1998, 2001, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010 Ð ÑÑаÑд "
+"СÑолмен"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" "
+"href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons "
+"Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð¦Ñ ÑÑоÑÑнка доÑÑÑпна на ÑмоваÑ
<a rel=\"license\" "
+"href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.uk\"> "
+"лÑÑензÑÑ Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>Ðз
зазнаÑеннÑм "
+"авÑоÑÑÑва — Ðез поÑ
ÑдниÑ
"
+"ÑвоÑÑв</em>) 3.0 СполÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¨ÑаÑи</a>."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑдÑÑимка ÑкÑаÑнÑÑкого пеÑекладÑ: ÐндÑÑй
ÐандÑÑа (address@hidden)"
+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "Ðновлено:"
+
+
- www/gnu/po thegnuproject.uk.po,
Pavel Kharitonov <=