[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date Index][Thread Index]
www/philosophy/po google-engineering-talk.ru.po
|
From: |
Pavel Kharitonov |
|
Subject: |
www/philosophy/po google-engineering-talk.ru.po |
|
Date: |
Fri, 23 Aug 2013 05:27:24 +0000 |
CVSROOT: /web/www
Module name: www
Changes by: Pavel Kharitonov <ineiev> 13/08/23 05:27:24
Added files:
philosophy/po : google-engineering-talk.ru.po
Log message:
New translation.
CVSWeb URLs:
http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewcvs/www/philosophy/po/google-engineering-talk.ru.po?cvsroot=www&rev=1.1
Patches:
Index: google-engineering-talk.ru.po
===================================================================
RCS file: google-engineering-talk.ru.po
diff -N google-engineering-talk.ru.po
--- /dev/null 1 Jan 1970 00:00:00 -0000
+++ google-engineering-talk.ru.po 23 Aug 2013 05:27:24 -0000 1.1
@@ -0,0 +1,4004 @@
+# Russian translation of
http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/google-engineering-talk.html
+# Copyright (C) 2004, 2010 Richard Stallman
+# Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
+# Ineiev <address@hidden>, 2013
+# this translation lacks appropriate review
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: google-engineering-talk.html\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-10-01 20:25-0300\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2013-04-19 17:51+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Ineiev <address@hidden>\n"
+"Language-Team: Russian <address@hidden>\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Language: ru\n"
+
+#. type: Content of: <title>
+msgid ""
+"GNU & The Free Software Foundation (Engineering Tech Talk at Google) - "
+"GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)"
+msgstr ""
+"GNU и Фонд Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного
обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ (ÐнженеÑно-ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð±ÐµÑеда "
+"в Google) - ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU - Фонд Ñвободного
пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "GNU & The Free Software Foundation"
+msgstr "GNU и Фонд Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного
обеÑпеÑениÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h2>
+msgid "Engineering Tech Talk at Google"
+msgstr "ÐнженеÑно-ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð±ÐµÑеда в Google"
+
+# type: Content of: <p>
+#. type: Content of: <p><strong>
+msgid "<strong>Richard Stallman"
+msgstr "<strong>РиÑаÑд СÑолмен"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "June 11, 2004 </strong>"
+msgstr "11 иÑÐ½Ñ 2004 года</strong>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "Table of Contents"
+msgstr "СодеÑжание"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#introduction\">1. Introduction … 2</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#introduction\">1. Ðведение</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#how-it-started\">2. How it started … 2</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#how-it-started\">2. Ðак ÑÑо наÑиналоÑÑ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#gnu-operating-system\">3. GNU operating system … 3</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#gnu-operating-system\">3. ÐпеÑаÑионнаÑ
ÑиÑÑема GNU</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#gnu-emacs\">4. GNU Emacs … 5</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#gnu-emacs\">4. GNU Emacs</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#expensive-habits\">5. Expensive habits … 5</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#expensive-habits\">5. ÐоÑогоÑÑоÑÑие
пÑивÑÑки</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#definition-of-free-software\">6. Definition of free software "
+"… 6</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#definition-of-free-software\">6. ÐпÑеделение
Ñвободной пÑогÑаммÑ</"
+"a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#freedom-2-moral-dilemma\">7. Freedom 2 moral dilemma … 7</"
+"a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#freedom-2-moral-dilemma\">7. Свобода 2: моÑалÑнаÑ
дилемма</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#freedom-2-spirit-of-good-will\">8. Freedom 2 spirit of good will "
+"… 7</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#freedom-2-spirit-of-good-will\">8. Свобода 2: дÑÑ
добÑой воли</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#freedom-0-to-run-a-program-freedom-1-to-modify-it\">9. Freedom 0 "
+"to run a program, Freedom 1 to modify it … 8</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#freedom-0-to-run-a-program-freedom-1-to-modify-it\"> 9.
Свобода 0 "
+"— вÑполнÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, Ñвобода 1 —
пÑавиÑÑ ÐµÐµ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#drm-back-doors-bugs\">10. DRM, back doors, bugs … 8</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#drm-back-doors-bugs\">10. ЦиÑÑовое ÑпÑавление
огÑаниÑениÑми, "
+"лазейки, оÑибки</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#freedom-3-having-no-master\">11. Freedom 3 having no master "
+"… 9</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#freedom-3-having-no-master\">11. Свобода 3 — не
имеÑÑ "
+"Ñ
озÑина</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#copyleft-forbidding-is-forbidden\">12. Copyleft forbidding is "
+"forbidden … 10</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#copyleft-forbidding-is-forbidden\">12. ÐвÑоÑÑкое
лево: запÑеÑаÑÑ "
+"запÑеÑено</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#general-public-license\">13. General Public License … 11</"
+"a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#general-public-license\">13. СÑандаÑÑнаÑ
обÑеÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ "
+"GNU</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#developing-gnu\">13a. Developing GNU</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#developing-gnu\">13a. РазÑабоÑка GNU</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#making-money-off-free-software\">14. Making money off free "
+"software … 12</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#making-money-off-free-software\">14. Ðак
заÑабаÑÑваÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#why-write-free-software\">15. Why write free software … "
+"13</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#why-write-free-software\">15. ÐаÑем пиÑÑÑ
ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#linux-kernel\">16. Linux kernel … 14</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#linux-kernel\">16. ЯдÑо, Linux</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#gnu-vs-linux-confusion-problem-freedom\">17. GNU vs. Linux "
+"confusion problem freedom … 15</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#gnu-vs-linux-confusion-problem-freedom\">17. Свобода и
пÑоблема "
+"пÑÑаниÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ GNU и Linux</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#enemies-of-free-software\">18. Enemies of free software … "
+"16</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#enemies-of-free-software\">18. ÐÑаги ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#treacherous-computing\">19. Treacherous computing … 17</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#treacherous-computing\">19. ÐÑедаÑелÑÑкие
вÑÑиÑлениÑ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#help-gnu\">20. Help GNU … 18</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#help-gnu\">20. ÐомоÑÑ GNU</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#saint-ignucius\">21. Saint Ignucius … 18</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#saint-ignucius\">21. СвÑÑой ÐгнÑÑий</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#about-anonymity-credit-cards-cell-phones\">22. About anonymity, "
+"credit cards, cell phones … 19</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#about-anonymity-credit-cards-cell-phones\"> 22.
ÐнонимноÑÑÑ, "
+"кÑедиÑнÑе каÑÑÑ, ÑоÑовÑе ÑелеÑонÑ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#free-formats-copyright-microsoft\">23. Free formats, copyright, "
+"Microsoft … 20</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#free-formats-copyright-microsoft\">23. СвободнÑе
ÑоÑмаÑÑ, "
+"авÑоÑÑкие пÑава, Microsoft</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#dangers-of-webmail-loss-of-freedom\">24. Dangers of webmail loss "
+"of freedom … 20</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#dangers-of-webmail-loss-of-freedom\">24. ÐпаÑноÑÑи
пÑблиÑнÑÑ
"
+"ÑеÑвеÑов: поÑеÑÑ ÑвободÑ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#copyright-art-vs-software\">25. Copyright art vs. software "
+"… 21</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#copyright-art-vs-software\">25. ÐвÑоÑÑкие пÑава в
иÑкÑÑÑÑве и "
+"пÑогÑаммиÑовании</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#malicious-free-software\">26. Malicious free software … "
+"22</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#malicious-free-software\">26. ÐÑедоноÑнÑе
ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#patented-file-formats\">27. Patented file formats … 22</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#patented-file-formats\">27. ÐапаÑенÑованнÑе
ÑоÑмаÑÑ Ñайлов</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#games-as-free-software\">28. Games as free software … 22</"
+"a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#games-as-free-software\">28. ÐгÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ðº ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммÑ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#gpl-freedoms-for-cars-saving-seeds\">29. GPL freedoms for cars, "
+"saving seeds … 23</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#gpl-freedoms-for-cars-saving-seeds\">29. Ð¡Ð²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ GPL длÑ
"
+"авÑомобилей и ÑоÑ
ÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑемÑн</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#no-software-is-better-than-non-free-software\">30. No software is "
+"better than non-free software … 23</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#no-software-is-better-than-non-free-software\">30. ÐÑÑÑе
никакиÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамм, Ñем неÑвободнÑе</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#portability-of-free-software\">31. Portability of free software "
+"… 24</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#portability-of-free-software\">31. ÐеÑеноÑимоÑÑÑ
ÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамм</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#is-some-free-software-obfuscated-on-purpose\">32. Is some free "
+"software obfuscated on purpose? … 24</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#is-some-free-software-obfuscated-on-purpose\"> 32. ÐелаÑÑ
ли "
+"какие-Ñо ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÑаннÑми
наÑоÑно?</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#proprietary-keeping-an-edge\">33. Proprietary keeping an edge "
+"… 25</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#proprietary-keeping-an-edge\"> 33. ÐеÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð° "
+"пеÑеднем кÑае</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#forbidding-is-forbidden-how-is-this-freedom\">34. Forbidding is "
+"forbidden how is this freedom? … 25</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#forbidding-is-forbidden-how-is-this-freedom\">34. ÐакаÑ
Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ "
+"бÑÑÑ Ñвобода, когда запÑеÑено
запÑеÑаÑÑ?</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#can-google-help-free-software\">35. Can Google help free software "
+"… 25</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#can-google-help-free-software\"> 35. ÐÐ¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð»Ð¸ Google
помогаÑÑ "
+"ÑвободнÑм пÑогÑаммам</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#free-software-on-windows-good-or-bad\">36. Free software on "
+"windows, good or bad … 26</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#free-software-on-windows-good-or-bad\">36. СвободнÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ "
+"под Windows: Ñ
оÑоÑо или плоÑ
о</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#scos-suit\">37. SCO's suit … 26</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#scos-suit\">37. ÐÑоÑеÑÑ SCO</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#stallmans-problem-typing\">38. Stallman's problem typing … "
+"27</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#stallmans-problem-typing\">38. ÐÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¡Ñолмена
Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñом "
+"ÑекÑÑа</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid ""
+"<a href=\"#open-source-good-or-bad-pat-riot-act\">39. Open source, good or "
+"bad Pat-riot Act … 27</a>"
+msgstr ""
+"<a href=\"#open-source-good-or-bad-pat-riot-act\">39. ÐÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
однÑй "
+"ÑекÑÑ: Ñ
оÑоÑо или плоÑ
о</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <ul><li>
+msgid "<a href=\"#the-end\">40. The end … 27</a>"
+msgstr "<a href=\"#the-end\">40. ÐонеÑ</a>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "1. Introduction"
+msgstr "1. Ðведение"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>ED:</b> Well, thank you everybody for making it. I'm Ed Falk and this man "
+"needs very little introduction; if you don't know what the letters RMS stand "
+"for, you probably don't belong in this room."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>Ðд</strong>. ÐÑак, ÑпаÑибо вÑем
ÑÑаÑÑникам. Я Ðд ФалÑк, а ÑÑÐ¾Ñ "
+"Ñеловек в подÑобном пÑедÑÑавлении не
нÑждаеÑÑÑ; еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ знаеÑе, ÑÑо "
+"ознаÑаÑÑ Ð±ÑÐºÐ²Ñ RMS, вÑ, веÑоÑÑно, не могли
оказаÑÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÑой комнаÑе."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Richard was the founder of the Free Software Foundation, in 1984 I believe "
+"it was, and as such could be considered the father of free software and, of "
+"course, Google's infrastructure is based on free software. So we owe the "
+"free software movement quite a great deal of thanks. [And my mic is dying on "
+"this microphone so I won't talk too long.] This is Richard Stallman and we "
+"thank him for being here on short notice and we thank our mutual friend Lile "
+"Elam who arranged all of this and I think with no further ado, I give you "
+"Richard!"
+msgstr ""
+"РиÑаÑд бÑл оÑноваÑелем Фонда Ñвободного
пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ, по-моемÑ, "
+"ÑÑо бÑло в 1984 годÑ, и как Ñаковой можеÑ
ÑÑиÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÑом Ñвободного "
+"пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ, а
инÑÑаÑÑÑÑкÑÑÑа Google, ÑазÑмееÑÑÑ, базиÑÑеÑÑÑ
на "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
. Так ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑзанÑ
Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð° Ñвободное пÑогÑаммное "
+"обеÑпеÑение веÑÑма многим. [Ð Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ
пÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑоÑоном, Ñак ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
+"бÑÐ´Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑÑ ÑлиÑком долго.] ÐÑо РиÑаÑд
СÑолмен, и Ð¼Ñ Ð²ÐºÑаÑÑе благодаÑим "
+"его за поÑеÑение, оÑделÑной благодаÑноÑÑи
за оÑганизаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ñего ÑÑого "
+"заÑлÑÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ñий дÑÑг ÐÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ñ ÐлÑм, и Ñ
дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо без далÑнейÑиÑ
"
+"пÑедиÑловий Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑедам Ñлово вам, РиÑаÑд!"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[Richard bows]"
+msgstr "[РиÑаÑд кланÑеÑÑÑ]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "2. How it started"
+msgstr "2. Ðак ÑÑо наÑиналоÑÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Please raise your hands if you cannot hear me. [Laughter] "
+"Yes, somebody raised his hand."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐоднимиÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа,
ÑÑки, кÑо не Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑлÑÑÐ¸Ñ "
+"[ÑмеÑ
]. ÐÑо-Ñо в Ñамом деле поднÑл ÑÑкÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So, the topic of my speech is free software. I didn't begin free software; "
+"there was free software going back to the early days of computing. As soon "
+"as there were a couple of computers of the same model, people could try "
+"sharing software. And they did."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, Ñема моего вÑÑÑÑÐ¿Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ —
ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ. СвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑалиÑÑ Ð½Ðµ Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ; они возникли
на заÑе вÑÑиÑлиÑелÑной ÑеÑ
ники. "
+"Ðак ÑолÑко поÑвлÑлоÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑколÑко ÐÐРодной
и Ñой же модели, лÑди могли "
+"попÑÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммами. Ð
они обменивалиÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"{This is not... This has a problem. How do we stop the feedback? Can someone "
+"do anything? I'm willing to get some feedback, but only from you, not from "
+"the PA system."
+msgstr ""
+"{ÐÑо не... ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñоблема. Ðак нам обоÑваÑÑ
обÑаÑнÑÑ ÑвÑзÑ? ÐÐ¾Ð¶ÐµÑ ÐºÑо-Ñо ÑÑо-"
+"нибÑÐ´Ñ ÑделаÑÑ? Я не пÑоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ
какие-Ñо оÑклики, но ÑолÑко Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ, а не "
+"Ð¾Ñ Ð°Ð¿Ð¿Ð°ÑаÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "<b>AUDIENCE:</b> [unintelligible]"
+msgstr "<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. [неÑазбоÑÑиво]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Well, that doesn't matter; I'm not an advocate of open "
+"source and never was and never will be.}"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑ, ÑÑо не важно; Ñ Ð½Ðµ
ÑÑоÑонник оÑкÑÑÑого "
+"иÑÑ
одного ÑекÑÑа, никогда им не бÑл и
никогда не бÑдÑ.}"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So free software existed before I started programming and I had the good "
+"fortune, in the 1970s, of being part of a community of programmers who "
+"shared software. So I learned about free software as a way of life, by "
+"living it. And I came to appreciate what it meant to be free to share with "
+"people, not divided from the rest of the world by attitudes of secrecy and "
+"hostility."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑÑÑеÑÑвовали до
Ñого, как Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñал пÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ, "
+"и мне повезло бÑÑÑ Ð² ÑемидеÑÑÑÑÑ
годаÑ
ÑаÑÑÑÑ ÑообÑеÑÑва пÑогÑаммиÑÑов, "
+"коÑоÑÑе обменивалиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммами. Так ÑÑо
Ñ Ñзнал о ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
как "
+"обÑазе жизни, Ð²ÐµÐ´Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ñаз жизни. РдлÑ
Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑала много знаÑиÑÑ Ñвобода "
+"обмена Ñ Ð»ÑдÑми, не оÑделеннÑми оÑ
оÑÑалÑного миÑа ÑекÑеÑноÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ "
+"вÑаждебноÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But that community died in the early '80s and I found myself confronted by "
+"the prospect of spending the rest of my life in a world of proprietary "
+"software. And, worst of all, confronted by the prospect of signing a non-"
+"disclosure agreement {which I}. And I had concluded that it is unethical to "
+"sign a non-disclosure agreement for generally useful technical information, "
+"such as software. To promise not to share with one's fellows is a violation "
+"of human solidarity. So when I saw that the machine downstairs was asking me "
+"to sign an NDA, I just said, \"I can't sign an NDA.\" Well, fortunately, "
+"there was an option; they let me come in here and speak without signing it, "
+"otherwise you would have had to go outside to listen. [Laughter]"
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо ÑÑо ÑообÑеÑÑво погибло в наÑале
воÑÑмидеÑÑÑÑÑ
, и пеÑедо мной вÑÑала "
+"пеÑÑпекÑива пÑовеÑÑи оÑÑаÑок Ñвоей жизни
в миÑе неÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм. Ð, ÑÑо "
+"Ñ
Ñже вÑего, пеÑедо мной вÑÑала
пеÑÑпекÑива подпиÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñа о "
+"неÑазглаÑении. Ð Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑел к заклÑÑениÑ,
ÑÑо подпиÑÑваÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¾ "
+"неÑазглаÑении обÑеполезной ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑкой
инÑоÑмаÑии, Ñакой как пÑогÑаммÑ, "
+"неÑÑиÑно. ÐбеÑаÑÑ Ð½Ðµ обмениваÑÑÑÑ Ñо
Ñвоими ÑобÑаÑÑÑми знаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÑаÑÑ "
+"ÑеловеÑеÑкÑÑ ÑолидаÑноÑÑÑ. Так ÑÑо, когда
Ñ Ñвидел, ÑÑо маÑина Ð²Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÐ¸Ñ "
+"Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑÑ Ñакое ÑоглаÑение, Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо
Ñказал: “Я не Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑÑ "
+"Ñакое”. ÐÑ, к ÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, бÑла одна
возможноÑÑÑ; они позволили мне пÑийÑи "
+"ÑÑда и говоÑиÑÑ, не подпиÑÑÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑÑо, в
пÑоÑивном ÑлÑÑае вам пÑиÑлоÑÑ Ð±Ñ Ð²ÑйÑи "
+"наÑÑжÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑлÑÑаÑÑ. [СмеÑ
]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"(They asked a couple of other interesting questions; they asked about "
+"company, so I said I'm available tonight. [Looking at name tag][Laughter] "
+"And they asked for my host, so I put down fencepost.gnu.org. But that's just "
+"the hacker spirit.)"
+msgstr ""
+"(Ðни задали паÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
инÑеÑеÑнÑÑ
вопÑоÑов; они ÑпÑоÑили наÑÑÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸, и "
+"Ñ Ñказал, ÑÑо веÑеÑом Ñ Ñвободен. [ÐлÑÐ´Ñ Ð½Ð°
ÑаблиÑÐºÑ Ñ Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ¼][СмеÑ
] РпоÑом "
+"они ÑпÑоÑили, кÑо Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑинимаеÑ, и Ñ
напиÑал fencepost.gnu.org. Ðо ÑÑо "
+"пÑоÑÑо Ñ
акеÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð°ÑмоÑÑеÑа.)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I found myself in a situation where the only way you could get a modern "
+"computer and start to use it was to sign a non-disclosure agreement for some "
+"proprietary operating system. Because all the operating systems for modern "
+"computers in 1983 were proprietary, and there was no lawful way to get a "
+"copy of those operating systems without signing a non-disclosure agreement, "
+"which was unethical. So I decided to try to do something about it, to try to "
+"change that situation. And the only way I could think of to change it was to "
+"write another operating system, and then say as the author \"this system is "
+"free; you can have it without a non-disclosure agreement and you're welcome "
+"to redistribute it to other people. You're welcome to study how it works. "
+"You're welcome to change it.\""
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð»ÑÑ Ð² ÑиÑÑаÑии, в коÑоÑой
единÑÑвеннÑм ÑпоÑобом полÑÑиÑÑ "
+"ÑовÑеменнÑй компÑÑÑÐµÑ Ð¸ наÑаÑÑ
полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼ бÑло подпиÑаÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¾ "
+"неÑазглаÑении какой-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободной
опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑемÑ. ÐоÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо "
+"в 1983 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð²Ñе опеÑаÑионнÑе ÑиÑÑемÑ
ÑовÑеменнÑÑ
компÑÑÑеÑов бÑли "
+"неÑвободнÑми и не бÑло законного ÑпоÑоба
полÑÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ ÑÑиÑ
опеÑаÑионнÑÑ
"
+"ÑиÑÑем, не подпиÑÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñа о
неÑазглаÑении, ÑÑо неÑÑиÑно. Так ÑÑо Ñ "
+"ÑеÑил попÑобоваÑÑ Ñ ÑÑим ÑÑо-нибÑдÑ
поделаÑÑ, попÑобоваÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑ ÑиÑÑаÑиÑ. "
+"РединÑÑвеннÑм, ÑÑо мне пÑиÑ
одило в
головÑ, бÑло напиÑаÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгÑÑ "
+"опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, а поÑом, бÑдÑÑи
авÑоÑом ÑÑой ÑиÑÑемÑ, ÑказаÑÑ: “"
+"ÐÑа ÑиÑÑема Ñвободна; Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе полÑÑиÑÑ
ее без договоÑа о неÑазглаÑении, а "
+"Ñакже пеÑеÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ ÑÑеди дÑÑгиÑ
лÑдей. Ðам можно изÑÑаÑÑ, как она "
+"ÑабоÑаеÑ. Ðам можно изменÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So, instead of being divided and helpless, the users of this system would "
+"live in freedom. Ordinary proprietary software is part of a scheme where "
+"users are deliberately kept divided and helpless. The program comes with a "
+"license that says you're forbidden to share it, and in most cases you can't "
+"get the source code, so you can't study it or change it. It may even have "
+"malicious features and you can't tell. With free software, we respect the "
+"user's freedom, and that's the whole point. The reason for the free software "
+"movement is so that the people of cyberspace can have freedom, so that there "
+"is a way to live in freedom and still use a computer, to avoid being kept "
+"divided and helpless."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, вмеÑÑо Ñого, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑазобÑеннÑми
и беÑпомоÑнÑми, полÑзоваÑели ÑÑой "
+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¶Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñвободе. ÐбÑÑнÑе
неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — ÑаÑÑÑ "
+"ÑÑ
емÑ, в коÑоÑой полÑзоваÑелей
пÑеднамеÑенно ÑазобÑаÑÑ Ð¸ делаÑÑ "
+"беÑпомоÑнÑми. ÐÑогÑамма поÑÑавлÑеÑÑÑ Ñ
лиÑензией, в коÑоÑой Ñказано, ÑÑо вам "
+"запÑеÑено обмениваÑÑÑÑ ÐµÑ, и в
болÑÑинÑÑве ÑлÑÑаев вам нелÑÐ·Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ "
+"иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ, Ñак ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ можеÑе
изÑÑаÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ пÑавиÑÑ ÐµÐµ. Рней даже "
+"могÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð²ÑедоноÑнÑе ÑÑнкÑии, а Ð²Ñ ÑÑого
не знаеÑе. Ðогда пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑвободнÑ, Ð¼Ñ Ñважаем ÑвободÑ
полÑзоваÑелÑ, и в ÑÑом-Ñо вÑе и дело.
Ðвижение "
+"за Ñвободное пÑогÑаммное обеÑпеÑение
возникло заÑем, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð»Ñдей в "
+"кибеÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑве могла бÑÑÑ Ñвобода,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±Ñл ÑпоÑоб веÑÑи ÑвободнÑÑ Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ "
+"и Ñем не менее полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑеÑом,
избежаÑÑ Ð¿ÑинÑдиÑелÑного ÑазобÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ "
+"и беÑпомоÑноÑÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "3. GNU operating system"
+msgstr "3. ÐпеÑаÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑема GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"You can't use a computer without an operating system, so a free software "
+"operating system was absolutely essential. And in 1983 I announced my plan "
+"to develop one: an operating system called GNU."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðез опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑеÑом
полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ»ÑзÑ, Ñак ÑÑо ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"опеÑаÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑема бÑла ÑовеÑÑенно
необÑ
одима. Рв 1983 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ "
+"обÑÑвил о Ñвоем плане ÑазÑабоÑаÑÑ ÑакÑÑ
ÑиÑÑемÑ: опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ "
+"названием GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I had decided to make the system UNIX-like so that it would be portable. The "
+"operating system that we had used for many years at the Artificial "
+"Intelligence Lab was the Incompatible Timesharing System, or ITS. It had "
+"been written in assembler language for the PDP-10, so when Digital "
+"discontinued the PDP-10, our many years of work turned into dust and blew "
+"away. I didn't want to write another system and have the same thing happen, "
+"so I decided this system had better be portable. But there was only one "
+"successful portable operating system I knew of, and that was UNIX. So I "
+"decided to follow the design of UNIX, figuring that way I'd have a good "
+"chance of succeeding in making a system that was useful and portable. And "
+"then I decided to make the system upward-compatible with the interfaces of "
+"UNIX, and the reason for this was so that users could switch to it without "
+"an incompatible change."
+msgstr ""
+"Я ÑеÑил ÑделаÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñипа Unix, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð°
бÑла пеÑеноÑима. ÐпеÑаÑионной "
+"ÑиÑÑемой, коÑоÑÑÑ Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑименÑли много Ð»ÐµÑ Ð²
ÐабоÑаÑоÑии иÑкÑÑÑÑвенного "
+"инÑеллекÑа, бÑла ÐеÑовмеÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑема
ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ñемени, или ITS <a "
+"href=\"#tf1\">[1]</a>. Ðна бÑла напиÑана на ÑзÑке
аÑÑемблеÑа PDP-10, Ñак "
+"ÑÑо, когда Digital пÑекÑаÑила поддеÑÐ¶ÐºÑ PDP-10,
наÑа многолеÑнÑÑ ÑабоÑа "
+"ÑаÑÑÑпалаÑÑ Ð² пÑÐ»Ñ Ð¸ ÑазвеÑлаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ веÑÑÑ.
Я не Ñ
оÑел пиÑаÑÑ ÐµÑе Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ "
+"ÑиÑÑемÑ, Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑой ÑлÑÑилоÑÑ Ð±Ñ Ñо же
Ñамое, Ñак ÑÑо Ñ ÑеÑил, ÑÑо бÑÐ´ÐµÑ "
+"лÑÑÑе, еÑли ÑÑа ÑиÑÑема бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¿ÐµÑеноÑима.
Ðо Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð» ÑолÑко об одной ÑÑпеÑной "
+"ÑеализаÑии пеÑеноÑимой опеÑаÑионной
ÑиÑÑемÑ, и ÑÑо бÑла Unix. Так ÑÑо Ñ "
+"ÑеÑил повÑоÑиÑÑ Ð°ÑÑ
иÑекÑÑÑÑ Unix,
ÑообÑазив, ÑÑо Ñаким обÑазом Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ "
+"Ñ
оÑоÑий ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñо, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑделаÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ,
коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ и "
+"пеÑеноÑимой. РпоÑом, Ñ ÑеÑил ÑделаÑÑ
ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð²Ð²ÐµÑÑ
ÑовмеÑÑимой Ñ "
+"пÑоÑоколами Unix по Ñой пÑиÑине, ÑÑо
полÑзоваÑели могли Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеÑ
одиÑÑ Ð½Ð° нее "
+"без неÑовмеÑÑимÑÑ
изменений."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I realized that I could take the best ideas from the various systems I had "
+"helped develop or use and add my pet ideas and make my dream operating "
+"system. But this would have been incompatible, and the users would mostly "
+"have rejected it, saying \"it would be too much work to switch, so we're "
+"just not going to.\" So, by making the system upward-compatible with UNIX, I "
+"could spare the users that obstacle and make more of a chance that users "
+"would actually use the system."
+msgstr ""
+"Я оÑознал, ÑÑо Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ бÑаÑÑ Ð»ÑÑÑие идеи из
ÑазлиÑнÑÑ
ÑиÑÑем, коÑоÑÑе Ñ "
+"помогал ÑазвиваÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑкÑплÑаÑиÑоваÑÑ,
добавлÑÑÑ Ñвои ÑобÑÑвеннÑе "
+"облÑбованнÑе мной идеи и напиÑаÑÑ
опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñвоей меÑÑÑ. Ðо она "
+"бÑла Ð±Ñ Ð½ÐµÑовмеÑÑимой, и полÑзоваÑели по
болÑÑей ÑаÑÑи оÑказалиÑÑ Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐµ "
+"Ñо Ñловами: “Ðа пеÑеÑ
од ÑÑло Ð±Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
ÑабоÑÑ, Ñак ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо не "
+"бÑдем пеÑеÑ
одиÑÑ”. ÐÑак, Ñделав ÑиÑÑемÑ
ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð²Ð²ÐµÑÑ
ÑовмеÑÑимой Ñ "
+"Unix, Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ избавиÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелей Ð¾Ñ ÑÑого
заÑÑÑÐ´Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑделаÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ "
+"веÑоÑÑнÑм, ÑÑо полÑзоваÑели бÑдÑÑ
дейÑÑвиÑелÑно пÑименÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If the users had rejected it, I would have had a perfect excuse. I could "
+"have said \"I offered them freedom and they rejected it; it's their fault.\" "
+"But I wanted to make more than just an excuse. I wanted to build a community "
+"where people would actually live in freedom, which meant I had to develop a "
+"system people would actually use. So I decided to make the system upward-"
+"compatible with UNIX."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑли Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑели Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐµ оÑказалиÑÑ, Ñ
Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±Ñла Ð±Ñ Ð¾ÑлиÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑговоÑка. Я "
+"мог Ð±Ñ ÑказаÑÑ: “Я пÑедлагал им ÑвободÑ,
а они Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐµ оÑказалиÑÑ; они "
+"Ñами виноваÑÑ”. Ðо Ñ Ñ
оÑел ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑо
не пÑоÑÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾ÑиÑÑки ÑовеÑÑи. "
+"Я Ñ
оÑел поÑÑÑоиÑÑ ÑообÑеÑÑво, в коÑоÑом
лÑди дейÑÑвиÑелÑно жили Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð° "
+"Ñвободе, а ÑÑо знаÑило, ÑÑо мне надо бÑло
ÑазÑабоÑаÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, коÑоÑой лÑди "
+"бÑдÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑвиÑелÑно полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ. Так ÑÑо
Ñ ÑеÑил ÑделаÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"ÑовмеÑÑимой ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð²Ð²ÐµÑÑ
Ñ Unix."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, UNIX consists of many components that communicate through interfaces "
+"that are more or less documented. And the users use those interfaces. So to "
+"be compatible with UNIX required using the same interfaces, which meant that "
+"the initial design decisions were already made, except one: what range of "
+"target machines to support. UNIX had been designed to support 16-bit "
+"machines, which was a lot of extra work, because programs had to be kept "
+"small; so I decided to save that extra work by not supporting anything less "
+"than a 32-bit machine. I figured it would take many years to get the system "
+"done and by then people would normally be using 32-bit machines anyway, and "
+"that turned out to be true."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, Unix ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð· множеÑÑва
компоненÑов, они обÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ пÑоÑоколам, "
+"коÑоÑÑе более или менее докÑменÑиÑованÑ.
РполÑзоваÑели иÑполÑзÑÑÑ ÑÑи "
+"пÑоÑоколÑ. Так ÑÑо, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑовмеÑÑимÑм
Ñ Unix, ÑÑебовалоÑÑ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ Ñе "
+"же ÑамÑе пÑоÑоколÑ, а ÑÑо знаÑило, ÑÑо вÑе
пеÑвонаÑалÑнÑе конÑÑÑÑкÑивнÑе "
+"ÑеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ñли Ñже ÑделанÑ, кÑоме одного:
какой ÑпекÑÑ ÑелевÑÑ
маÑин "
+"поддеÑживаÑÑ. Unix бÑла ÑпÑоекÑиÑована длÑ
поддеÑжки 16-биÑнÑÑ
маÑин, а ÑÑо "
+"Ñоздавало много дополниÑелÑной ÑабоÑÑ,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑ
одилоÑÑ "
+"ÑжимаÑÑ; Ñак ÑÑо Ñ ÑеÑил ÑÑкономиÑÑ Ð½Ð°
ÑÑой дополниÑелÑной ÑабоÑе, не "
+"поддеÑÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñего менÑÑе 32-биÑной
маÑинÑ. Я понимал, ÑÑо на ÑазÑабоÑÐºÑ "
+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ¹Ð´ÐµÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ леÑ, и к ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ñемени
лÑди вÑе Ñавно бÑдÑÑ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ, "
+"как пÑавило, 32-биÑнÑе маÑинÑ, и ÑÑо
пÑедположение оказалоÑÑ ÑпÑаведливÑм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So then the only thing that I needed before I could start work was a name. "
+"Now, to be a hacker means to enjoy playful cleverness -- in programming, and "
+"in other areas of life, any area of life [where] you could be playfully "
+"clever. And there was a hacker tradition that when you were writing a "
+"program that was similar to some existing program, you could give your new "
+"program a name that's a recursive acronym, saying it is not the other "
+"program."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ñогда единÑÑвеннÑм, ÑÑо мне бÑло
нÑжно, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑÑÑпиÑÑ Ðº ÑабоÑе, "
+"бÑло название. Так воÑ, бÑÑÑ Ñ
акеÑом
знаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑаÑÑ ÑдоволÑÑÑвие Ð¾Ñ Ð¸Ð³ÑÑ "
+"Ñма — в пÑогÑаммиÑовании и в дÑÑгиÑ
ÑÑеÑаÑ
жизни, в лÑбой ÑÑеÑе "
+"жизни, [где] возможна игÑа Ñма. РбÑла Ñ
акеÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÑадиÑиÑ, по коÑоÑой, когда "
+"Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¸ÑеÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, подобнÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ð¹-Ñо
ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑей пÑогÑамме, Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð°ÐµÑе "
+"Ñвоей новой пÑогÑамме название,
пÑедÑÑавлÑÑÑее Ñобой ÑекÑÑÑивное
ÑокÑаÑение, "
+"говоÑÑÑее, ÑÑо ÑÑо не Ñа, дÑÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамма."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For instance, in the '60s and '70s there were many TECO text editors, more "
+"or less similar; typically each system would have a TECO and it would be "
+"called something-or-other-TECO. But one clever hacker called his program "
+"TINT, for \"TINT Is Not TECO\" -- the first recursive acronym. And we "
+"thought that was very funny. So after I developed the first Emacs "
+"extensible text editor in 1975, there were many imitations, and some were "
+"called this-or-that-Emacs. But one was called FINE for \"FINE Is Not Emacs\" "
+"and there was SINE for \"SINE Is Not Emacs\", and EINE for \"EINE Is Not "
+"Emacs\", and MINCE for \"MINCE Is Not Complete Emacs.\" Then EINE was mostly "
+"rewritten, and version two was called ZWEI for \"ZWEI Was EINE Initially."
+"\" [Laughter]"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐапÑимеÑ, в ÑеÑÑидеÑÑÑÑÑ
и ÑемидеÑÑÑÑÑ
годаÑ
бÑло много ÑекÑÑовÑÑ
ÑедакÑоÑов "
+"TECO, более или менее ÑÑ
однÑÑ
дÑÑг Ñ Ð´ÑÑгом;
как пÑавило, в каждой ÑиÑÑеме "
+"бÑл TECO, и он назÑвалÑÑ ÑоÑ-или-дÑÑгой-TECO. Ðо
один оÑÑÑоÑмнÑй Ñ
Ð°ÐºÐµÑ "
+"назвал ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ TINT, ÑÑо знаÑиÑ
“TINT — ÑÑо не "
+"TECO” — пеÑвое ÑекÑÑÑивное
ÑокÑаÑение. Ð Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñмали, ÑÑо "
+"ÑÑо оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð¾. Так ÑÑо поÑле Ñого, как
Ñ Ð² 1975 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ "
+"ÑазÑабоÑал пеÑвÑй ÑаÑÑиÑÑемÑй ÑекÑÑовÑй
ÑедакÑÐ¾Ñ Emacs, бÑло много имиÑаÑий, "
+"и некоÑоÑÑе назÑвалиÑÑ Ñакой-ÑÑкой-Emacs. Ðо
один из ниÑ
назÑвалÑÑ FINE "
+"(“FINE — ÑÑо не Emacs”), бÑл SINE
(“SINE "
+"— ÑÑо не Emacs”), бÑл EINE (“EINE —
ÑÑо не "
+"Emacs”), бÑл MINCE (“MINCE — ÑÑо не
полнÑй "
+"Emacs”). ÐоÑом оÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑаÑÑÑ EINE бÑла
пеÑепиÑана, и веÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð²Ð° "
+"назÑвалаÑÑ ZWEI (“ZWEI бÑл EINE
пеÑвонаÑалÑно”) <a href="
+"\"#tf2\">[2]</a> [ÑмеÑ
]."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I looked for a recursive acronym for \"Something is not UNIX,\" but the "
+"usual four-letter method was no good, because none of those was a word. And "
+"if it doesn't have some other meaning, it's not funny. So I thought, \"what "
+"else can I do, hmm?\" Nothing came to me, so I thought, \"I'll make a "
+"contraction, then I could get a three-letter recursive acronym.\" I started "
+"substituting all 26 letters: ANU, BNU, CNU, DNU, ENU, FNU, GNU! Well, \"gnu"
+"\" is the funniest word in the English language, so that had to be the "
+"choice. If you can call something \"GNU,\" it makes no sense to pick "
+"anything else."
+msgstr ""
+"Я иÑкал ÑекÑÑÑивное ÑокÑаÑение
“ЧÑо-нибÑÐ´Ñ — ÑÑо не "
+"Unix”, но обÑÑнÑй ÑеÑÑÑеÑ
бÑквеннÑй меÑод
ниÑего не дал, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ни "
+"одно Ñакое ÑоÑеÑание не бÑло Ñловом. Ð
еÑли Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð½ÐµÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾-Ñо дÑÑгого "
+"знаÑениÑ, ÑÑо не забавно. Так ÑÑо Ñ
подÑмал: “ЧÑо Ð±Ñ Ñакого еÑе "
+"пÑидÑмаÑÑ?” Ð Ð³Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñего не пÑиÑ
одило, и Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñмал: “Я "
+"ÑокÑаÑÑ ÑвÑзкÑ, Ñогда Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ
ÑÑеÑ
бÑквенное ÑекÑÑÑивное "
+"ÑокÑаÑение”. Я наÑал подÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð²Ñе
26 бÑкв: ANU, BNU, CNU, DNU, "
+"ENU, FNU, GNU! ÐÑ, “<span lang=\"en\"
xml:lang=\"en\">gnu</span>”"
+" — занÑÑнейÑее Ñлово английÑкого
ÑзÑка, Ñак ÑÑо вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶ÐµÐ½ бÑл "
+"паÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° него. ÐÑли ÑÑо-Ñо можно назваÑÑ
“GNU”, Ñо не ÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ "
+"вÑбиÑаÑÑ ÑÑо-Ñо дÑÑгое."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So, of course, the reason why the word \"gnu\" is used for so much word-play "
+"is that, according to the dictionary, it's pronounced \"new.\" So people "
+"started asking each other, \"hey, what's g-nu,\" as a joke, long before you "
+"could answer \"GNU's Not UNIX.\" But now you can give that answer and the "
+"best part is, it sounds like you're obnoxiously telling the person what it "
+"isn't, instead of answering his question. But the fact is, you're giving the "
+"exact meaning of GNU; so you are, in fact, answering the question in the "
+"most exact possible way, but it gives the appearance that you're refusing to."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, конеÑно, пÑиÑина, по коÑоÑой Ñо
Ñловом “<span lang=\"en\" xml:"
+"lang=\"en\">gnu</span>” Ñак много игÑаÑÑ, ÑоÑÑоиÑ
в Ñом, ÑÑо ÑоглаÑно "
+"ÑловаÑÑ Ð¾Ð½Ð¾ пÑоизноÑиÑÑÑ Ñак же, как
пÑоизноÑиÑÑÑ “<span lang=\"en\" "
+"xml:lang=\"en\">new</span>” <a href=\"tf3\">[3]</a>. Так ÑÑо
лÑди "
+"наÑали ÑпÑаÑиваÑÑ Ð´ÑÑг дÑÑга в ÑÑÑкÑ:
“Ð ÑÑо Ñакое гнÑ?” задолго "
+"до Ñого, как Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ оÑвеÑиÑÑ:
“ÐÐU — не Unix”. Ðо "
+"ÑепеÑÑ Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð±Ñл ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¾ÑвеÑ, и лÑÑÑе вÑего
бÑло Ñо, ÑÑо ÑÑо вÑглÑдиÑ, как "
+"еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð¹Ð»Ð¸Ð²Ð¾ говоÑиÑе ÑобеÑедникÑ,
Ñем она не ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ, вмеÑÑо оÑвеÑа "
+"на его вопÑоÑ. Ðо на Ñамом деле вÑ
ÑаÑкÑÑваеÑе ÑоÑное знаÑение GNU; Ñак ÑÑо "
+"Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñамом деле оÑвеÑаеÑе на вопÑоÑ
наÑÑолÑко ÑоÑно, наÑколÑко ÑÑо "
+"возможно, но вÑглÑÐ´Ð¸Ñ ÑÑо Ñак, как бÑдÑо вÑ
оÑказÑваеÑеÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In any case, when it's the name of our operating system, please pronounce a "
+"hard G; don't follow the dictionary. If you talk about the \"new\" operating "
+"system, you'll get people very confused. We've been working on it for 20 "
+"years now, so it's not new anymore. But it still is, and always will be, "
+"GNU, no matter how many people call it Linux by mistake."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо вÑÑком ÑлÑÑае, когда ÑÑо —
название опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑемÑ, "
+"пÑоизноÑиÑе его, пожалÑйÑÑа, Ñ Ð¾ÑÑеÑливÑм
“г”; не ÑледÑйÑе "
+"ÑловаÑÑ. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑе о “новой”
опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑеме, Ð²Ñ "
+"ÑилÑно запÑÑаеÑе лÑдей. ÐÑ ÑабоÑаем над
ней Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ñже двадÑаÑÑ Ð»ÐµÑ, Ñак ÑÑо "
+"она Ñже не нова. Ðо она по-пÑÐµÐ¶Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ñ (и
вÑегда бÑдеÑ) GNU, незавиÑимо Ð¾Ñ "
+"Ñого, ÑколÑко лÑдей назÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ ÐµÐµ по оÑибке
“Linux”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "{[<b>AUDIENCE:</b> unintelligible] [<b>RICHARD:</b> Thank you!]}"
+msgstr ""
+"{[<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. (неÑазбоÑÑиво)] [<strong>Ð
иÑаÑд</strong>. "
+"СпаÑибо!]}"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So, having the name I could start work. I quit my job at MIT to begin "
+"writing pieces of the GNU operating system, in January 1984. I had to quit "
+"my job because, had I remained an MIT employee, that would have enabled MIT "
+"to claim to own all the code I was writing, and MIT could have turned it "
+"into proprietary software products. And since MIT had already done that kind "
+"of thing, I certainly couldn't trust them not to do so here. And I didn't "
+"want to have to argue with the MIT administration about all the details of "
+"the license I was going to use. So, by quitting my job, I took them out of "
+"the equation, and I have never had a job since then. However, the head of "
+"the AI Lab was nice enough to let me keep using the facilities, so I began "
+"using a UNIX machine at the AI Lab to start bootstrapping pieces of the GNU "
+"system."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, когда Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑвилоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ, Ñ
мог наÑаÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ. Я ÑволилÑÑ Ð¸Ð· "
+"MIT, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑаÑÑÑм
опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU, в ÑнваÑе "
+"1984 года. Ðне пÑиÑлоÑÑ ÑволиÑÑÑÑ, поÑомÑ
ÑÑо, оÑÑанÑÑÑ Ñ ÑоÑÑÑдником "
+"MIT, ÑÑо позволило Ð±Ñ MIT заÑвиÑÑ Ð¿Ñава на вÑе
пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÑе Ñ Ð¿Ð¸Ñал, и "
+"MIT Ñмог Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑаÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
в неÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммнÑе пÑодÑкÑÑ. РпоÑколÑÐºÑ MIT "
+"Ñже делал Ñакого Ñода веÑи, Ñ, конеÑно, не
мог ÑаÑÑÑиÑÑваÑÑ, ÑÑо они здеÑÑ "
+"не поÑÑÑпÑÑ Ñак же. Ð Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñ
оÑел ÑпоÑиÑÑ Ñ
админиÑÑÑаÑией MIT о подÑобноÑÑÑÑ
"
+"лиÑензии, коÑоÑÑÑ Ñ ÑобиÑалÑÑ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ.
ÐÑак, ÑволивÑиÑÑ, Ñ Ð²ÑÐ½ÐµÑ Ð¸Ñ
за "
+"Ñкобки, и Ñ ÑеÑ
Ð¿Ð¾Ñ Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° не бÑло
поÑÑоÑнной ÑабоÑÑ. Ðднако глава "
+"ÐабоÑаÑоÑии иÑкÑÑÑÑвенного инÑеллекÑа
бÑл Ñак лÑбезен, ÑÑо позволил мне "
+"пÑодолжаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
обоÑÑдованием, Ñак ÑÑо Ñ ÑÑал полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ "
+"маÑиной Ñ Unix в ÐабоÑаÑоÑии иÑкÑÑÑÑвенного
инÑеллекÑа, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑ "
+"поднимаÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð·Ð° дÑÑгой ÑаÑÑи ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I had never used UNIX before that time. I was never a UNIX wizard and I "
+"chose to follow the design of UNIX for the exact reason that I've told you, "
+"not because UNIX was my favorite system or anything. Sometimes people write "
+"that it was changes in UNIX's licensing policy that inspired GNU. Well, this "
+"is not true; in fact, UNIX was never free software. They were more or less "
+"restrictive and more or less nasty about enforcing the requirements, but it "
+"was never free software, so those changes actually made no difference and, "
+"in any case, they took place long before I ever saw an actual UNIX machine."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо ÑÑого Ñ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° не полÑзовалÑÑ Unix. Я
никогда не бÑл ÑаÑодеем Unix, и Ñ "
+"ÑеÑил повÑоÑиÑÑ Ð°ÑÑ
иÑекÑÑÑÑ Unix Ñовно по
Ñой пÑиÑине, о коÑоÑой Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ "
+"ÑаÑÑказал, а не поÑомÑ, ÑÑо Unix бÑла моей
лÑбимой ÑиÑÑемой, или поÑемÑ-Ñо "
+"еÑе. Ðногда лÑди пиÑÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑолÑок к
ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ GNU подали Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² "
+"полиÑике лиÑензиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Unix. Так воÑ, ÑÑо
непÑавда; на Ñамом деле Unix "
+"никогда не бÑла Ñвободной. Ðни бÑли более
или менее жеÑÑки и более или менее "
+"гадки, когда Ñледили за ÑоблÑдением
ÑÑебований, но ÑÑо никогда не бÑло "
+"ÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами, Ñак ÑÑо ÑÑи
Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи не имели "
+"поÑледÑÑвий и, во вÑÑком ÑлÑÑае, они имели
меÑÑо задолго до Ñого, как Ñ "
+"впеÑвÑе Ñвидел наÑÑоÑÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ñ Unix."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "4. GNU Emacs"
+msgstr "4. GNU Emacs"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So, at the time, I thought that I and the other people I was recruiting to "
+"try to help would develop all these pieces and make a complete system and "
+"then we'd say, \"come and get it.\" But that's not how it happened. In "
+"September '84, I started developing GNU Emacs, which was my second "
+"implementation of the extensible programmable text editor. And by early '85, "
+"it was suitable for me to do all my editing with it. Now, that was a big "
+"relief. You see, I had absolutely no intention of learning to use Vi. "
+"[Laughter, applause] So, until that point, I did my editing on other "
+"machines where there was an Emacs and copied the files through the net, in "
+"order to test them on the UNIX machine. Once GNU Emacs was running, I could "
+"do my editing on the UNIX machine."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, в ÑÑо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ñмал, ÑÑо Ñ Ð¸ дÑÑгие
лÑди, коÑоÑÑÑ
Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¸Ñал Ñебе в "
+"помоÑÑ, ÑазÑабоÑаÑÑ ÑÑи ÑаÑÑи и ÑделаÑÑ
полнÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, а поÑом "
+"Ð¼Ñ Ñкажем: “ÐÑиÑ
одиÑе и полÑÑайÑе”.
Ðо вÑÑло не Ñак. Ð ÑенÑÑбÑе "
+"воÑемÑдеÑÑÑ ÑеÑвеÑÑого года Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑÑÑпил к
ÑазÑабоÑке GNU Emacs, ÑÑо бÑла "
+"вÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ñ ÑеализаÑÐ¸Ñ ÑаÑÑиÑÑемого
пÑогÑаммиÑÑемого ÑекÑÑового ÑедакÑоÑа. Ð "
+"к наÑÐ°Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð¾ÑемÑдеÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÑого Ñ Ñже мог
ÑедакÑиÑоваÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼ вÑе, ÑÑо мне нÑжно. "
+"Так воÑ, ÑÑо бÑло болÑÑим облегÑением.
ÐонимаеÑе, Ñ Ð±Ñл ÑовеÑÑенно не "
+"намеÑен полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ vi. [СмеÑ
,
аплодиÑменÑÑ.] Так ÑÑо до Ñого моменÑа Ñ "
+"ÑедакÑиÑовал на дÑÑгиÑ
маÑинаÑ
, на коÑоÑÑÑ
бÑл Emacs, и копиÑовал ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ "
+"ÑеÑи, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑовеÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
на маÑине Ñ Unix.
Ðак ÑолÑко заÑабоÑал GNU Emacs, Ñ "
+"Ñмог ÑедакÑиÑоваÑÑ Ð½Ð° маÑине Ñ Unix."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But other people wanted to get copies of GNU Emacs to use it for their "
+"editing, to use it on their UNIX systems. There was no GNU system yet, there "
+"were just a few pieces. But this one piece turned out to be interesting by "
+"itself. People asked me for copies, so I had to work out the details of how "
+"to distribute it. Of course, I put a copy in the anonymous FTP server, and "
+"that was good for people on the net, but in 1985, most programmers were not "
+"on the Internet. So they asked me for copies; what was I going to say? I "
+"could have said, \"I want to spend my time writing more pieces of the GNU "
+"system, not writing mag tapes, so please find a friend who can download it "
+"and put it on tape for you,\" and they would have found people sooner or "
+"later, because programmers generally know other programmers."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо дÑÑгие заÑ
оÑели полÑÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ GNU Emacs,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ в Ñвоей "
+"ÑабоÑе, пÑименÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвоиÑ
ÑиÑÑемаÑ
Ñ Unix.
СиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU еÑе не бÑло, бÑло "
+"ÑолÑко неÑколÑко ÑаÑÑей. Ðо ÑÑа ÑаÑÑÑ
оказалаÑÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑеÑеÑной Ñама по Ñебе. "
+"ÐÑди пÑоÑили Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸, Ñак ÑÑо мне
пÑиÑлоÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð´ÑмаÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑали Ñого, как "
+"его ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ. ÐонеÑно, Ñ Ð²Ñложил
ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° анонимнÑй ÑеÑÐ²ÐµÑ FTP, и ÑÑо "
+"бÑло Ñ
оÑоÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑеÑ
, кÑо бÑл в ÑеÑи, но
в 1985 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑинÑÑво "
+"пÑогÑаммиÑÑов не бÑло в ÐнÑеÑнеÑе. Так ÑÑо
они пÑоÑили Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸; ÑÑо мне "
+"бÑло оÑвеÑаÑÑ? Я мог Ð±Ñ ÑказаÑÑ: “Я Ñ
оÑÑ
ÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ñвое вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð° "
+"напиÑание новÑÑ
ÑаÑÑей ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU, а не на
запиÑÑ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð½Ð¸ÑнÑÑ
ленÑ, Ñак ÑÑо "
+"найдиÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, знакомого, коÑоÑÑй
Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑаÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ по ÑеÑи и запиÑаÑÑ "
+"вам на ленÑÑ”,— и они Ñано или поздно
наÑ
одили Ð±Ñ Ð»Ñдей, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑÑо пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑно знаÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
пÑогÑаммиÑÑов."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "5. Expensive habits"
+msgstr "5. ÐоÑогоÑÑоÑÑие пÑивÑÑки"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But I had no job, and I was looking for some way to make some money through "
+"my work on free software. So I announced, \"send me $150 and I'll mail you a "
+"tape of GNU Emacs.\" And the orders began dribbling in. By the middle of the "
+"year, they were trickling in, eight to ten orders a month, which, if "
+"necessary, I could have lived on."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ðµ бÑло ÑабоÑÑ, и Ñ Ð¸Ñкал
какой-нибÑÐ´Ñ ÑпоÑоб полÑÑаÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñги Ñ "
+"помоÑÑÑ Ñвоей ÑабоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ÑвободнÑми
пÑогÑаммами. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑвил: “"
+"ÐÑÑлиÑе мне 150 доллаÑов, и Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ по
поÑÑе GNU Emacs на "
+"ленÑе”. Ð Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð·Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñали капаÑÑ. Ð
ÑеÑедине года они поÑли Ñонкой "
+"ÑÑÑÑйкой, Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð¾ÑÑми до деÑÑÑи заказов в
меÑÑÑ, на ÑÑо Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ пÑи "
+"необÑ
одимоÑÑи пÑожиÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"That's because I make efforts to resist expensive habits. An expensive habit "
+"is like a trap; it's dangerous. Now most Americans have the exact opposite "
+"attitude: if they make this much money, they look for how to spend this "
+"much, [makes ample gesture] which is completely imprudent. So they start "
+"buying houses and cars and boats and planes and rare stamps and artwork and "
+"adventure travel and children, [laughter] all sorts of expensive luxuries "
+"that use up a lot of the world's resources, especially the children."
+msgstr ""
+"РвÑе поÑомÑ, ÑÑо Ñ ÑÑаÑаÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ
поддаваÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑогоÑÑоÑÑим пÑивÑÑкам. "
+"ÐоÑогоÑÑоÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑивÑÑка — как
западнÑ: она опаÑна. Ð Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ñ "
+"болÑÑинÑÑва амеÑиканÑев оÑноÑение к
ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÑмо пÑоÑивоположно: еÑли они "
+"могÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ñ ÑÑолÑко денег, они
пÑидÑмÑваÑÑ, как Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ñ "
+"ÑÑолÑко [Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ ÑиÑокий жеÑÑ], ÑÑо
ÑовеÑÑенно неблагоÑазÑмно. Так ÑÑо они "
+"наÑинаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÑпаÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð°, маÑинÑ, ÑÑ
ÑÑ,
ÑамолеÑÑ, Ñедкие маÑки, каÑÑинÑ, "
+"кÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ñ Ð¸ деÑей [ÑмеÑ
], вÑевозможнÑе
доÑогие излиÑеÑÑва, коÑоÑÑе поглоÑаÑÑ "
+"много миÑовÑÑ
ÑеÑÑÑÑов, оÑобенно деÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And then, the next thing they know, they've got to desperately struggle all "
+"day long to get money to pay for these things, so they have no time even to "
+"enjoy them, which is especially sad when it's a matter of children. The "
+"other things, I guess, can get repossessed. So then they become puppets of "
+"money, unable to decide what they're going to do with their lives. If you "
+"don't want to be a puppet of money, then resist the expensive habits, so "
+"that the less you need to spend to live on, the more flexibility you've got "
+"and the less of your life you're forced to spend to make that money."
+msgstr ""
+"РпоÑом они ÑÑÐ°Ð·Ñ ÑзнаÑÑ, ÑÑо они
вÑнÑÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÑаÑнно ÑÑажаÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ "
+"напÑÐ¾Ð»ÐµÑ Ð·Ð° Ñо, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñги,
коÑоÑÑми они могли Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑиÑÑ Ð²Ñе "
+"ÑÑо, Ñак ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð½ÐµÑ Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ðµ вÑемени, ÑÑобÑ
наÑлаждаÑÑÑÑ ÑÑим, ÑÑо оÑобенно "
+"гÑÑÑÑно, когда дело каÑаеÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑей. ÐÑе
дÑÑгое, Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñ, можно ÑбÑÑÑ. Так "
+"ÑÑо они ÑÑановÑÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑионеÑками денег,
неÑпоÑобнÑми ÑеÑаÑÑ, ÑÑо они "
+"ÑобиÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ Ñо Ñвоей жизнÑÑ. ÐÑли вÑ
не Ñ
оÑиÑе бÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑионеÑкой денег, "
+"не поддавайÑеÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑогоÑÑоÑÑим пÑивÑÑкам,
поÑколÑÐºÑ Ñем менÑÑе вам нÑжно "
+"ÑÑаÑиÑÑ Ð½Ð° жизнÑ, Ñем болÑÑе Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ
гибкоÑÑи и Ñем менÑÑÑÑ ÑаÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñей жизни "
+"вам пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ ÑÑаÑиÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑÑи
денÑги."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I still live, basically, like a student, and I want it to be that way."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð´Ð¾ ÑиÑ
Ð¿Ð¾Ñ Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ñ, по ÑÑÑи, как
ÑÑÑденÑ, и Ñ Ñ
оÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ñак ÑÑо и "
+"бÑло."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "6. Definition of free software"
+msgstr "6. ÐпÑеделение Ñвободной пÑогÑаммÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But people sometimes used to say to me, \"what do you mean, it's free "
+"software, if it costs $150?\" Well, the English word \"free\" has multiple "
+"meanings and they were confused by that. It even took me a few years to "
+"realize that I needed to clarify this. One meaning, you see, refers to "
+"price, and another meaning refers to freedom. When we speak of free "
+"software, we're talking about freedom, not price. So think of \"free speech,"
+"\" not \"free beer.\""
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо иногда мне говоÑили: “ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²Ñ
говоÑиÑе, ÑÑо ÑÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑвободнÑ, еÑли они ÑÑоÑÑ
150 доллаÑов?” ÐÑ, в английÑком Ñлово "
+"“ÑвободнÑй” пÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑво
знаÑений, и ÑÑо иÑ
вводило в "
+"заблÑждение. Ðне даже поÑÑебовалоÑÑ
неÑколÑко леÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾ÑознаÑÑ, ÑÑо мне "
+"нÑжно ÑазÑÑÑнÑÑÑ ÑÑо. ÐидиÑе ли, одно
знаÑение ÑказÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑоимоÑÑÑ, а "
+"дÑÑгое знаÑение ÑказÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвободÑ.
Ðогда Ð¼Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñим о ÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑаммаÑ
, Ð¼Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñим о Ñвободе, а не о
ÑÑоимоÑÑи. Так ÑÑо дÑмайÑе о “"
+"волÑной ÑеÑи”, а не о “беÑплаÑном
пиве”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Some users got their copies of GNU Emacs from me through the net, and did "
+"not pay. Some users got their copies from me on a tape, and did pay. And "
+"some got their copies from someone else, not from me, because everyone who "
+"had a copy was free to redistribute it. And did they pay that somebody else? "
+"Well, I don't know; that was between them. They didn't have to tell me. So "
+"GNU Emacs was gratis for some users and paid for for other users, but it was "
+"free software for all of them, because all of them had certain essential "
+"freedoms, which are the definition of free software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐекоÑоÑÑе полÑзоваÑели полÑÑили Ñвои
копии GNU Emacs Ð¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑеÑи, они не "
+"плаÑили. ÐекоÑоÑÑе полÑзоваÑели полÑÑили
Ñвои копии Ð¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð° ленÑе, и они "
+"заплаÑили. РнекоÑоÑÑе полÑÑили Ñвои
копии Ð¾Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾-Ñо дÑÑгого, не Ð¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ, "
+"поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо каждÑй, Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ бÑла копиÑ, бÑл
волен ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ. ÐлаÑили "
+"ли они ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð´ÑÑгомÑ? ÐÑ, Ñ Ð½Ðµ знаÑ; ÑÑо бÑло
иÑ
дело. Ðм не нÑжно бÑло мне "
+"докладÑваÑÑ. Так ÑÑо GNU Emacs бÑл беÑплаÑнÑм
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾ÑоÑÑÑ
полÑзоваÑелей и "
+"плаÑнÑм Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
полÑзоваÑелей, но он
бÑл ÑвободнÑм и Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑеÑ
, и Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"дÑÑгиÑ
, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ñ Ð²ÑеÑ
бÑли
опÑеделеннÑе важнÑе ÑвободÑ, коÑоÑÑе "
+"ÑоÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿Ñеделение Ñвободной
пÑогÑаммÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So let me now give you the definition of free software. You see, it's very "
+"easy to say \"I'm in favor of freedom.\" I mean, even Bush can say that. "
+"[Laughter] I don't think he knows what it means. But the point is, unless "
+"you make a person get more specific, it's just cheap talk. So let me give "
+"you -- let me get more specific now, and give you the definition of free "
+"software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, позволÑÑе мне даÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ опÑеделение
Ñвободной пÑогÑаммÑ. ÐидиÑе ли, "
+"легко ÑказаÑÑ: “Я — за Ñвободє.
То еÑÑÑ ÑÑо Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ "
+"ÑказаÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ðµ ÐÑÑ [ÑмеÑ
]. Я не дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо он
знаеÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо знаÑиÑ. Ðо дело в "
+"Ñом, ÑÑо пока Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ заÑÑавиÑе Ñеловека
бÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ конкÑеÑнÑм, ÑÑо пÑоÑÑо ни "
+"к ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ обÑзÑваÑÑие пеÑеÑÑдÑ. Так ÑÑо
позволÑÑе мне даÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ — "
+"позволÑÑе ÑепеÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ бÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ
конкÑеÑнÑм и даÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ опÑеделение
Ñвободной "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"A program is free software for you, a particular user, if you have the "
+"following four freedoms:"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑогÑамма Ñвободна Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ, конкÑеÑного
полÑзоваÑелÑ, еÑли Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÑеÑÑÑе "
+"ÑледÑÑÑиÑ
ÑвободÑ:"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Freedom 0 is the freedom to run the program however you like; Freedom 1 is "
+"the freedom to help yourself by studying the source code to see what the "
+"program really does and then changing it to do what you want; Freedom 2 is "
+"the freedom to help your neighbor by distributing copies to others; and "
+"Freedom 3 is the freedom to help build your community, that is the freedom "
+"to publish a modified version so others can benefit from your changes;"
+msgstr ""
+"Свобода 0 — Ñвобода вÑполнÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ, как вам Ñгодно; "
+"Ñвобода 1 — Ñвобода помогаÑÑ
ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñебе, изÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¸ÑÑ
однÑй "
+"ÑекÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÑ, ÑÑо пÑогÑамма в
дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи делаеÑ, а заÑем "
+"пÑавиÑÑ ÐµÐµ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð° делала Ñо, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ñ
оÑиÑе; Ñвобода 2 — "
+"Ñвобода помогаÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑоÑедÑ,
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÑеди дÑÑгиÑ
; и "
+"Ñвобода 3 — Ñвобода помогаÑÑ
ÑÑÑоиÑÑ Ñвое ÑообÑеÑÑво, Ñо "
+"еÑÑÑ Ñвобода пÑбликоваÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ
веÑÑиÑ, Ñ Ñем ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð´ÑÑгие могли "
+"полÑÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑиÑ
изменений."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"All four of these freedoms are essential. They are not levels of freedom, "
+"they are four freedoms, all of which you must have in order for the program "
+"to qualify as free software. All of these are freedoms that no computer user "
+"should ever be denied."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑе ÑеÑÑÑе ÑÑиÑ
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑÑÑеÑÑвеннÑ. ÐÑо
не ÑÑовни ÑвободÑ, ÑÑо ÑеÑÑÑе "
+"ÑвободÑ, ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð· коÑоÑÑÑ
должна бÑÑÑ Ñ
ваÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамма могла "
+"ÑÑиÑаÑÑÑÑ Ñвободной. ÐÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð· ниÑ
ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ Ñвободой, в коÑоÑой никогда не "
+"Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð¾ÑказÑваÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑ
компÑÑÑеÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[<a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.html\";> http://www.gnu.org/";
+"philosophy/free-sw.html</a>]"
+msgstr ""
+"[<a href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.";
+"html</a>]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "7. Freedom 2 moral dilemma"
+msgstr "7. Свобода 2: моÑалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð¸Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ð¼Ð°"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "Why these particular freedoms? Why should we define it this way?"
+msgstr ""
+"ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²ÑбÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÑи конкÑеÑнÑе ÑвободÑ?
ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÑеделÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
"
+"именно Ñак?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Freedom 2 is necessary so that you can live an upright life, so that you can "
+"be ethical, be a good member of society. If you use a program that does not "
+"give you Freedom 2, the freedom to help your neighbor, the freedom to "
+"distribute copies to others, then you are facing a potential moral dilemma "
+"that could happen at any moment, when somebody comes up and says, \"could I "
+"have a copy of that program?\" At that point, what are you going to do? "
+"You're forced to choose between two evils. One evil is to make a copy of the "
+"program for that person and violate the license. The other evil is to "
+"comply with the license, but be a bad neighbor. So you've got to choose the "
+"lesser evil, which is to make a copy for that person and violate the "
+"license. [Laughter, applause]"
+msgstr ""
+"Свобода 2 необÑ
одима, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸
жиÑÑ ÑеÑÑной жизнÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²Ñ "
+"могли бÑÑÑ ÑÑиÑнÑ, бÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð±ÑопоÑÑдоÑнÑм
Ñленом обÑеÑÑва. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзÑеÑеÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑаммой, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ 2, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"ÑоÑедÑ, ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸
ÑÑеди дÑÑгиÑ
, Ñо Ð²Ñ Ð²ÑÑаеÑе пеÑед "
+"поÑенÑиалÑной моÑалÑной дилеммой,
коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ½ÑÑÑ Ð² лÑбой моменÑ, "
+"когда кÑо-Ñо пÑиÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ говоÑиÑ: “Ðожно
мне ÑкопиÑоваÑÑ ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ?"
+"” ЧÑо Ð²Ñ Ð±ÑдеÑе делаÑÑ Ð² ÑÑом ÑлÑÑае? ÐÑ
вÑнÑÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²ÑбиÑаÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾ из "
+"двÑÑ
зол. Ðдно зло — ÑделаÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑого Ñеловека и "
+"наÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑензиÑ. ÐÑÑгое зло —
ÑоблÑдаÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑензиÑ, но бÑÑÑ "
+"плоÑ
им ÑоÑедом. Так ÑÑо вам пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ
вÑбиÑаÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑее из зол, Ñо еÑÑÑ "
+"ÑделаÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑого Ñеловека и
наÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ [ÑмеÑ
, аплодиÑменÑÑ]."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"You see, in this case, this evil is lesser because it's directed at somebody "
+"who intentionally tried to divide you from the rest of society, and thus did "
+"something extremely wrong to you; and therefore deserves it. However, it's "
+"not good to live your life by lying to people. When somebody {asks you to "
+"promise that} says, \"I'll let you have a copy of this, but you'll have to "
+"promise not to share it with anyone,\" the right thing to do is say no. Once "
+"you have thought about this moral dilemma, you should anticipate that when "
+"you start using that program it's going to lead you to choose between two "
+"evils, and therefore you should refuse to use that program. You should just "
+"say \"no, thanks\" to it, and that's the principle that I believe in. If "
+"someone offers me a program that I'm not free to share with you, I'm going "
+"to say no, on principle."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐонимаеÑе, в ÑÑом ÑлÑÑае зло менÑÑе,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо оно напÑавлено на Ñого, кÑо "
+"пÑеднамеÑенно пÑÑалÑÑ ÑазобÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ñ
оÑÑалÑнÑм обÑеÑÑвом и Ñем ÑамÑм Ñделал "
+"в оÑноÑении Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÑÑо кÑайне дÑÑное; и
ÑледоваÑелÑно, он заÑлÑÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑого. "
+"Ðднако вÑе вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð»Ð³Ð°ÑÑ Ð»ÑдÑм неÑ
оÑоÑо.
Ðогда кÑо-Ñо говоÑиÑ: “Я "
+"Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ полÑÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñ ÑÑого, но вам
пÑидеÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑаÑÑ Ð½Ðµ обмениваÑÑÑÑ "
+"ÑÑим ни Ñ ÐºÐµÐ¼”,— пÑавилÑно бÑдеÑ
оÑвеÑиÑÑ <em>неÑ</em>. ÐоÑле "
+"Ñого, как Ð²Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð´Ñмали ÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾ÑалÑнÑÑ
дилеммÑ, Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑедвидеÑÑ, ÑÑо, "
+"когда Ð²Ñ ÑÑанеÑе пÑименÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ,
она пÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ðº необÑ
одимоÑÑи "
+"вÑбоÑа одного из двÑÑ
зол, а
ÑледоваÑелÑно, вам нÑжно оÑказÑваÑÑÑÑ
пÑименÑÑÑ "
+"ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ. Ðам ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо ÑказаÑÑ
ей: “ÐеÑ, благодаÑÑ”,"
+"— и в ÑÑом-Ñо и ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¹ пÑинÑип. ÐÑли
кÑо-Ñо пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑой Ñ Ð½Ðµ волен
обмениваÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸, Ñ Ð±ÑÐ´Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑÑ <em>неÑ</"
+"em> из пÑинÑипа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In fact, I was once in the audience when John Perry Barlow was giving a "
+"speech and he said, \"raise your hands if you have no unauthorized copies of "
+"software.\" And he was surprised to see someone raise his hand, until he saw "
+"it was me. And then he said, \"oh, of course, you,\" because he knew why I "
+"have no unauthorized copies; that's because all my copies of software are "
+"free software, and everybody's authorized to make copies. That's the whole "
+"point."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðа Ñамом деле Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ð¶Ð´Ñ Ð±Ñл в аÑдиÑоÑии,
пеÑед коÑоÑой вÑÑÑÑпал Ðжон ÐеÑÑи "
+"ÐаÑлоÑ, и он Ñказал: “ÐоднимиÑе ÑÑки,
еÑли Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ñ
"
+"неÑанкÑиониÑованнÑÑ
копий пÑогÑамм“.
Ðн бÑл Ñдивлен, когда Ñвидел, ÑÑо "
+"кÑо-Ñо поднÑл ÑÑкÑ, но поÑом он Ñвидел, ÑÑо
ÑÑÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñл Ñ. Ð Ñогда он "
+"Ñказал: “Ð, ÑÑо вÑ, Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐµÑно”,—
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо он знал, "
+"поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÑанкÑиониÑованнÑÑ
копий: дело в Ñом, ÑÑо вÑе мои копии "
+"пÑогÑамм ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¸ каждÑй Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ
ÑанкÑиониÑованнÑе копии. Ð ÑÑом-Ñо "
+"вÑе и дело."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "8. Freedom 2 spirit of good will"
+msgstr "8. Свобода 2: дÑÑ
добÑой воли"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The most essential resource of any society is the spirit of good will, the "
+"willingness to help your neighbor; not necessarily every time you're asked, "
+"but fairly often. This is what makes the difference between a livable "
+"society and a dog-eat-dog jungle. This spirit is not going to be 100% and "
+"it's not going to be zero, but it's going to be somewhere in between -- and "
+"cultural actions can influence it, can raise it or lower it. And it's "
+"essential to work to raise it some, because that makes life easier for "
+"everyone. So it's no accident that the world's major religions have been "
+"encouraging this spirit of good will for thousands of years."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐажнейÑий ÑеÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ñбого обÑеÑÑва —
дÑÑ
добÑой воли, гоÑовноÑÑÑ "
+"помоÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑоÑедÑ; не обÑзаÑелÑно
каждÑй Ñаз, когда Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑÑ, но "
+"доволÑно ÑаÑÑо. Ðменно в ÑÑом ÑоÑÑоиÑ
ÑазниÑа Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑеÑÑвом, в коÑоÑом "
+"можно жиÑÑ, и джÑнглÑми, где вÑе дÑÑг дÑÑга
пожиÑаÑÑ. УÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑого дÑÑ
а не "
+"бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑеделÑно вÑÑоким и не бÑдеÑ
нÑлевÑм, но он бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð³Ð´Ðµ-Ñо Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÑими "
+"знаÑениÑми — а кÑлÑÑÑÑнаÑ
деÑÑелÑноÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° него, "
+"Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑаÑÑ Ð¸ ÑнижаÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾. Рважно
ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ его повÑÑением, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑÑо ÑÑо облегÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ñ. Так ÑÑо
не ÑлÑÑайно кÑÑпнÑе миÑовÑе Ñелигии "
+"на пÑоÑÑжении ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¾ÑÑÑли ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð´ÑÑ
добÑой воли."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So what does it mean when powerful social institutions say that it's wrong "
+"to share? They're poisoning this vital resource, something no society can "
+"afford. Now what does it mean when they say that if you share with your "
+"neighbor, you're a pirate? They're saying that helping your neighbor is the "
+"moral equivalent of attacking a ship. Well, nothing could be more wrong than "
+"that. Attacking ships is very, very bad; helping your neighbor is good."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, ÑÑо делаÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾ÑнÑе обÑеÑÑвеннÑе
инÑÑиÑÑÑÑ, когда они говоÑÑÑ, ÑÑо "
+"обмениваÑÑÑÑ Ð´ÑÑно? Ðни оÑÑавлÑÑÑ ÑÑоÑ
жизненно важнÑй ÑеÑÑÑÑ, Ñего не Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ "
+"Ñебе позволиÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ðµ обÑеÑÑво. Ð ÑÑо они
делаÑÑ, когда говоÑÑÑ, ÑÑо еÑли "
+"Ð²Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑеÑÑ Ñо Ñвоим ÑоÑедом, Ñо вÑ
пиÑаÑ? Ðни говоÑÑÑ, ÑÑо помоÑÑ "
+"ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑоÑÐµÐ´Ñ Ð½ÑавÑÑвенно ÑквиваленÑна
Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÑда. Так воÑ, ниÑÑо не "
+"Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ непÑавилÑно. ÐападаÑÑ Ð½Ð°
коÑабли оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾Ñ
о; "
+"помогаÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑоÑÐµÐ´Ñ Ñ
оÑоÑо."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And what does it mean when they establish harsh punishments for anyone "
+"caught sharing? How much fear do you think it's going to take before "
+"everyone's too scared to help his neighbor? And do you want that terror "
+"campaign to go on in our society? I hope that the answer is no. We need to "
+"abolish the war on copying that is being imposed on our society. We need to "
+"say, loud and clear, \"copying and sharing with your neighbor is good, it's "
+"legitimate, and laws that prohibit this are wrong.\""
+msgstr ""
+"Ð ÑÑо они делаÑÑ, когда ÑÑÑанавливаÑÑ
ÑÑÑовÑе Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÑкого "
+"ÑлиÑенного в обмене? СколÑко, по ваÑемÑ
мнениÑ, ÑÑÑаÑ
а понадобиÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, "
+"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑгаÑÑ Ð²ÑеÑ
Ñак, ÑÑо они
пеÑеÑÑанÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð°ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑоÑедÑ? ХоÑиÑе "
+"вÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑÑа ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑеÑÑоÑа
пÑодолжалаÑÑ Ð² ваÑем обÑеÑÑве? Я надеÑÑÑ,
ÑÑо "
+"оÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð¾ÑÑиÑаÑелен. Ðам надо оÑмениÑÑ
Ð²Ð¾Ð¹Ð½Ñ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸Ñованием, коÑоÑÑÑ "
+"навÑзÑваÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑеÑÑвÑ. Ðам нÑжно
ÑказаÑÑ, гÑомко и внÑÑно: “"
+"ÐопиÑоваÑÑ Ð¸ обмениваÑÑÑÑ Ñо Ñвоим
ÑоÑедом Ñ
оÑоÑо, ÑÑо законно, а законÑ, "
+"коÑоÑÑе ÑÑо запÑеÑаÑÑ, непÑавилÑнє."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "9. Freedom 0 to run a program, Freedom 1 to modify it"
+msgstr "9. Свобода 0 вÑполнÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ,
Ñвобода 1 пÑавиÑÑ ÐµÐµ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So that's the reason for Freedom 2; it's essentially an ethical reason. You "
+"can't live an ethical life if you don't have Freedom 2."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ñнование Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ 2: ÑÑо по
ÑÑÑи ÑÑиÑеÑкое оÑнование. "
+"ÐелÑÐ·Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑи ÑÑиÑнÑÑ Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ, еÑли Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ 2."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Freedom 0 is needed for a completely different reason: so you can control "
+"your own computer. If you are restricted in when or how much or how you can "
+"run the program, clearly you're not using your computer in freedom. So "
+"Freedom 0 is obvious, but freedom 0 is not enough, because with Freedom 0 "
+"all you can do is use the program the way it was programmed by its "
+"developer. You're free to do this [makes hand sign] or nothing. To really be "
+"free, you've got to be in control of what the program does, so you need "
+"Freedom 1, which is the freedom to help yourself, the freedom to study the "
+"source code and then change it to do what you want."
+msgstr ""
+"Свобода 0 нÑжна по ÑовеÑÑенно дÑÑгой
пÑиÑине: Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ "
+"конÑÑолиÑоваÑÑ Ñвой ÑобÑÑвеннÑй
компÑÑÑеÑ. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¾Ð³ÑаниÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð² Ñом, когда, "
+"ÑколÑко или как Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе вÑполнÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ, Ñо Ð²Ñ Ñвно не полÑзÑеÑеÑÑ "
+"Ñвоим компÑÑÑеÑом Ñвободно. Так ÑÑо
Ñвобода 0 оÑевидна, но "
+"ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ 0 не доÑÑаÑоÑно, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо вÑе,
ÑÑо вам позволÑÐµÑ "
+"Ñвобода 0 — ÑÑо полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммой Ñак, как ÑÑо "
+"запÑогÑаммиÑовано ее ÑазÑабоÑÑиком. ÐÑ
волÑÐ½Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо [жеÑÑ ÑÑкой] или "
+"ниÑего. ЧÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾-наÑÑоÑÑемÑ
ÑвободнÑм, вам нÑжно конÑÑолиÑоваÑÑ Ñо, ÑÑо
"
+"Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамма, Ñак ÑÑо вам нÑжна
Ñвобода 1, Ñо еÑÑÑ Ñвобода помогаÑÑ "
+"ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ñебе, Ñвобода изÑÑаÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑ
однÑй
ÑекÑÑ, а заÑем пÑавиÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½ "
+"делал Ñо, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ñ
оÑиÑе."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If you don't have Freedom 1, you don't know what the program's doing. The "
+"developer is saying, \"just trust me\" and blind faith is the only way you "
+"can do it. And you have to be really blind, given that it's not unusual for "
+"proprietary programs to have malicious features, features that are put in "
+"not to serve the user, but rather to impose on, harm or restrict the user. "
+"For instance, spyware is quite common."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑли Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ 1, Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ знаеÑе,
Ñем занимаеÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамма. "
+"РазÑабоÑÑик говоÑиÑ: “ÐÑоÑÑо
довеÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ”,— и Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе "
+"ÑолÑко Ñлепо веÑиÑÑ. Рвам пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ
по-наÑÑоÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑлепÑм Ð²Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ Ñого, "
+"ÑÑо Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм неÑедки
вÑедоноÑнÑе ÑÑнкÑии, ÑÑнкÑии, коÑоÑÑе "
+"Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑлÑжиÑÑ
полÑзоваÑелÑ, а наобоÑоÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ "
+"навÑзÑваÑÑ ÑÑо-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑ,
вÑедиÑÑ ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ огÑаниÑиваÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾. "
+"ÐапÑимеÑ, веÑÑма ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑаненÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ-ÑпионÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[51 seconds of missing audio were filled in by RMS in Aug 2010]"
+msgstr ""
+"[51-ÑекÑнднÑй пеÑеÑÑв в звÑкозапиÑи
воÑполнен РиÑаÑдом СÑолменом в авгÑÑÑе "
+"2010 года]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Microsoft Windows spies on the user; specific spy features have been found. "
+"Windows Media Player spies too; it reports to Microsoft whatever the user "
+"looks at."
+msgstr ""
+"Microsoft Windows ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð° полÑзоваÑелем; бÑли
Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑнÑе ÑÑнкÑии "
+"Ñпионажа. Windows Media Player Ñоже ÑпиониÑ; он
ÑообÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð² Microsoft обо "
+"вÑем, ÑÑо пÑоÑмаÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[End replacement for 51 seconds of missing audio]"
+msgstr "[ÐÐ¾Ð½ÐµÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ пеÑеÑÑва в запиÑи]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"course do it. RealPlayer, for instance, spies on you. The TiVo spies on you. "
+"Some people were excited about the TiVo, enthusiastic about it, because it "
+"uses some free software inside. But it also has non-free software in it and "
+"it spies on you. So this shows it's not enough. We shouldn't cheer when "
+"something uses some free software; we should cheer when it respects the "
+"user's freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"...конеÑно, делаÑÑ ÑÑо. RealPlayer, напÑимеÑ,
ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð° вами. TiVo ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ñ "
+"за вами. ÐекоÑоÑÑе лÑди оÑнеÑлиÑÑ Ðº TiVo Ñ
ÑнÑÑзиазмом, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо внÑÑÑи "
+"него пÑименÑÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ðµ-Ñо ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммÑ. Ðо в нем еÑÑÑ Ñакже "
+"неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, и они ÑпионÑÑ Ð·Ð°
вами. ÐÑÑÑда ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð²Ñвод, ÑÑо "
+"ÑÑого не доÑÑаÑоÑно. ÐÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ
пÑивеÑÑÑвоваÑÑ Ð½Ðµ Ñо, в Ñем пÑименÑÑÑÑÑ
какие-"
+"Ñо ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, а Ñо, ÑÑо ÑважаеÑ
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "10. DRM, back doors, bugs"
+msgstr "10. ЦиÑÑовое ÑпÑавление огÑаниÑениÑми,
лазейки, оÑибки"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But spyware is not as bad as it gets. There are non-free software packages "
+"that are deliberately designed to refuse to work. This is called DRM, "
+"Digital Restrictions Management, where the program says, \"I won't let you "
+"look at that file; I won't let you copy this; I won't let you edit this.\" "
+"Well, who the hell is this program to stop you? And sometimes non-free "
+"programs will reconfigure your machine, for instance make it display "
+"advertisements, figuring that you won't know it's going to happen and you "
+"won't know how to undo it afterward."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо пÑогÑаммÑ-ÑÐ¿Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñак плоÑ
и, как
дÑÑгое. ÐÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑе пакеÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑамм, коÑоÑÑе ÑмÑÑленно
ÑпÑоекÑиÑованÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾ÑказÑваÑÑÑÑ
ÑабоÑаÑÑ. ÐÑо "
+"назÑваеÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑовÑм ÑпÑавлением
огÑаниÑениÑми — когда пÑогÑамма "
+"говоÑиÑ: “Я не дам взглÑнÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑоÑ
Ñайл; Ñ Ð½Ðµ дам ÑкопиÑоваÑÑ ÑÑо; Ñ "
+"не дам ÑедакÑиÑоваÑÑ ÑÑо”. Так воÑ, кÑо
ÑÑа пÑогÑамма ÑакаÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ "
+"вÑÑаваÑÑ Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð° пÑÑи? Риногда
неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеконÑигÑÑиÑÑÑÑ "
+"ваÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑинÑ, напÑимеÑ, делаÑÑ Ñак, ÑÑобÑ
она показÑвала ÑекламÑ, пÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ñ Ð² "
+"ÑаÑÑеÑ, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ бÑдеÑе знаÑÑ Ð¾Ð± ÑÑом
заÑанее и не бÑдеÑе знаÑÑ, как ÑÑо "
+"впоÑледÑÑвии ÑбÑаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And sometimes they have actual back doors. For instance, Windows XP has a "
+"back door: when it asks for an upgrade, it tells Microsoft who you are, so "
+"Microsoft can give you an upgrade designed just for you. And this upgrade "
+"could have secret accounts, it could have special spy features, it could "
+"just refuse to work. And there's essentially nothing you can do. So that's "
+"the back door that Microsoft knows about and we know about."
+msgstr ""
+"Риногда в ниÑ
еÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑоÑÑие лазейки.
ÐапÑимеÑ, в Windows XP еÑÑÑ "
+"лазейка: когда она запÑаÑиваеÑ
обновление, она ÑаÑÑказÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Microsoft, кÑо "
+"вÑ, Ñак ÑÑо Microsoft Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼
обновление, ÑоÑÑавленное ÑолÑко "
+"Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ. Рв ÑÑом обновлении могли Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ
ÑекÑеÑнÑе ÑÑеÑнÑе запиÑи, "
+"ÑпеÑиалÑнÑе ÑÑнкÑии Ñпионажа, оно могло
Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿ÑоÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑказаÑÑÑÑ ÑабоÑаÑÑ. Ð "
+"Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑÑеÑÑÐ²Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñего не можеÑе поделаÑÑ.
ÐÑак, Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð·ÐµÐ¹ÐºÐ°, о коÑоÑой Ð·Ð½Ð°ÐµÑ "
+"Microsoft и о коÑоÑой знаем мÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[Added in 2010: We later learned that Microsoft can force \"upgrades\" -- a "
+"much nastier back door.]"
+msgstr ""
+"[Ðобавлено в 2010 годÑ: позднее Ð¼Ñ Ñзнали,
ÑÑо Microsoft Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑинÑдиÑелÑно "
+"“обновлÑÑÑ” — ÑÑо еÑе гоÑаздо
более ÑквеÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð°Ð·ÐµÐ¹ÐºÐ°.]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"There might be other back doors that we don't know about and maybe even "
+"Microsoft doesn't know about. When I was in India in January, I was told "
+"some programmers in India had been arrested and accused of working for Al-"
+"Qaeda, trying to introduce back doors into Windows XP. So, apparently, that "
+"effort failed. But did some others succeed? There's no way we can tell."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðозможно, еÑÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгие лазейки, о коÑоÑÑÑ
Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ знаем; Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ, еÑÑÑ "
+"Ñакие, о коÑоÑÑÑ
не Ð·Ð½Ð°ÐµÑ Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ðµ Microsoft. Ðогда
в ÑнваÑе Ñ Ð±Ñл в Ðндии, мне "
+"ÑаÑÑказали, ÑÑо какие-Ñо пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑ Ð²
Ðндии бÑли аÑеÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±Ð²Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² "
+"ÑабоÑе на алÑ-ÐаидÑ, они пÑÑалиÑÑ Ð²Ð²ÐµÑÑи
Ð»Ð°Ð·ÐµÐ¹ÐºÑ Ð² Windows XP. ÐÑак, "
+"оÑевидно, ÑÑа попÑÑка пÑовалилаÑÑ. Ðо
ÑдалиÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ дÑÑгие? ÐÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ можем "
+"ÑзнаÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ðº."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, I won't claim that all developers of non-free software put in malicious "
+"features. There are some who try to put in features so that they will be "
+"convenient for the user and only for that. But they are humans, so they make "
+"mistakes. They can design features with all the best will that you don't "
+"like, or they can write bugs in their code. And when that happens, you're "
+"helpless too; you're the helpless prisoner of any decision that they make. "
+"Whether it's malicious or made with good will, if you don't like it, you're "
+"stuck."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, Ñ Ð½Ðµ бÑÐ´Ñ ÑÑвеÑждаÑÑ, ÑÑо вÑе
ÑазÑабоÑÑики неÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм "
+"закладÑваÑÑ Ð²ÑедоноÑнÑе оÑобенноÑÑи.
ÐÑÑÑ Ñе, кÑо пÑÑаеÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑ "
+"оÑобенноÑÑи, коÑоÑÑе бÑли Ð±Ñ ÑÐ´Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ
полÑзоваÑелÑ, и ÑолÑко иÑ
. Ðо они "
+"лÑди, Ñак ÑÑо они оÑибаÑÑÑÑ. Ðни могÑÑ
ÑпÑоекÑиÑоваÑÑ Ð¾ÑобенноÑÑи, вложив в "
+"ниÑ
вÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñ, а вам они не
понÑавÑÑÑÑ, или они могÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð² "
+"ÑвоиÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
оÑибки. Ркогда ÑÑо
пÑоиÑÑ
одиÑ, Ð²Ñ Ðº ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¶Ðµ и беÑпомоÑнÑ; "
+"Ð²Ñ — беÑпомоÑнÑе Ñзники лÑбого
ÑеÑениÑ, коÑоÑое они пÑинÑли. "
+"ÐезавиÑимо Ð¾Ñ Ñого, Ñделано оно из добÑÑÑ
или злÑÑ
побÑждений, еÑли вам оно "
+"не нÑавиÑÑÑ, Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñего не можеÑе поделаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, we, the developers of free software, are also human, we also make "
+"mistakes. I have designed features that users didn't like. I have written "
+"code that had bugs in it. The difference is, {with our} you're not a "
+"prisoner of our decisions, because we don't keep you helpless. If you don't "
+"like my decisions, you can change them, because you have the freedom to "
+"change them. I won't blame the developers of non-free, user-subjugating "
+"software for being human and making mistakes; I will blame them for keeping "
+"you helpless prisoner of their mistakes by denying you the freedom to "
+"correct those mistakes yourself."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, мÑ, ÑазÑабоÑÑики ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, Ñоже лÑди, Ð¼Ñ Ñоже оÑибаемÑÑ. "
+"Ðне доводилоÑÑ Ð¿ÑоекÑиÑоваÑÑ
оÑобенноÑÑи, коÑоÑÑе не нÑавилиÑÑ "
+"полÑзоваÑелÑм. Ðне доводилоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¸ÑаÑÑ
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð¾Ñибками. РазниÑа в Ñом, "
+"ÑÑо Ð²Ñ — не Ñзники наÑиÑ
ÑеÑений,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ оÑÑавлÑем Ð²Ð°Ñ "
+"беÑпомоÑнÑми. ÐÑли вам не нÑавÑÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¸
ÑеÑениÑ, Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе измениÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
, "
+"поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ Ñвобода пÑавиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
. Я
не поÑиÑÐ°Ñ ÑазÑабоÑÑиков "
+"неÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, ÑгнеÑаÑÑиÑ
полÑзоваÑелÑ, за Ñо, ÑÑо они лÑди и ÑÑо они "
+"оÑибаÑÑÑÑ; Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑиÑÐ°Ñ Ð¸Ñ
за Ñо, ÑÑо они
оÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð±ÐµÑпомоÑнÑми Ñзниками "
+"иÑ
оÑибок, оÑказÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ в Ñвободе
ÑамоÑÑоÑÑелÑно иÑпÑавиÑÑ ÑÑи оÑибки."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "11. Freedom 3 having no master"
+msgstr "11. Свобода 3 не имеÑÑ Ñ
озÑина"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But Freedom 1 is not enough. Freedom 1 is the freedom personally to study "
+"and change the source code. Freedom 1 is not enough because there are "
+"millions of users who use computers, but don't know how to program, so they "
+"can't take advantage of Freedom 1, not personally. And Freedom 1 is not "
+"enough even for us programmers, because there's just so much software, even "
+"so much free software, that nobody has the time to study it all and master "
+"it all and make all the changes that she wants."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ 1 не доÑÑаÑоÑно. Свобода 1
Ñвобода лиÑно изÑÑаÑÑ Ð¸ "
+"пÑавиÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ. Ð¡Ð²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ 1 не
доÑÑаÑоÑно, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо еÑÑÑ "
+"Ð¼Ð¸Ð»Ð»Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелей, коÑоÑÑе
полÑзÑÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑеÑами, но не ÑмеÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ, Ñак ÑÑо они не могÑÑ
воÑполÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ñвободой 1, во "
+"вÑÑком ÑлÑÑае, лиÑно. Ð ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ 1 не
доÑÑаÑоÑно даже Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑÑов, "
+"пÑоÑÑо поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо пÑогÑамм Ñак много, даже
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, ÑÑо ни Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ "
+"не Ñ
ваÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ñемени изÑÑиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
вÑе, овладеÑÑ
ими вÑеми и ÑделаÑÑ Ð²Ñе "
+"изменениÑ, какие ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ñжно."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So the only way we can really, fully have control over our own software is "
+"if we do so together. And that's what Freedom 3 is for. Freedom 3 is the "
+"freedom to publish a modified version, so others can use it too. And this is "
+"what enables us to work together, taking control of our software. Because I "
+"could make this change in a program and publish the modified version, and "
+"then you could make that change and publish the modified version, and "
+"someone else can make that change and publish the modified version. And now "
+"we've got a version with all three changes in it and everybody can switch to "
+"that if everybody likes it."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо единÑÑвеннÑй ÑпоÑоб, коÑоÑÑм мÑ
можем по-наÑÑоÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸ полноÑÑÑÑ "
+"конÑÑолиÑоваÑÑ Ñвои ÑобÑÑвеннÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — делаÑÑ ÑÑо ÑовмеÑÑно. "
+"ÐÐ»Ñ ÑÑого-Ñо и нÑжна Ñвобода 3.
Свобода 3 — Ñвобода "
+"опÑбликоваÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ, ÑÑобÑ
дÑÑгие Ñоже могли ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ. Ð "
+"ÑÑо позволÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð²Ð¼ÐµÑÑе,
полÑÑÐ°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ Ñвоими пÑогÑаммами. "
+"ÐоÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ Ð±Ñ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑÑи в пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо
изменение и опÑбликоваÑÑ "
+"измененнÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ, а поÑом Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ бÑ
внеÑÑи в пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñо изменение и "
+"опÑбликоваÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ, а кÑо-Ñо
еÑе Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑÑи в пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ñо "
+"изменение и опÑбликоваÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ
веÑÑиÑ. Ð ÑепеÑÑ Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑили веÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ñо "
+"вÑеми ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñми, и вÑе могÑÑ
пеÑейÑи на нее, еÑли она вÑем нÑавиÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"With this freedom, any collectivity of users can take control together and "
+"make the software do what they together want. Suppose there are 1,000,000 "
+"users who would like a certain change. Well, by luck, some of them will be "
+"programmers; let's say there are 10,000 of them who know how to program. "
+"Well, sooner or later, a few of them will make the change and publish the "
+"modified version and then all of those million users can switch to it. You "
+"know, most of them don't know how to program, but they can still switch to "
+"it. So they all get what they want."
+msgstr ""
+"С ÑÑой Ñвободой лÑбой коллекÑив
полÑзоваÑелей Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ ÑовмеÑÑнÑй "
+"конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¸ заÑÑавиÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ Ñо,
ÑÑо они вмеÑÑе Ñ
оÑÑÑ. ÐÑедположим, "
+"еÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸Ð»Ð»Ð¸Ð¾Ð½ полÑзоваÑелей, коÑоÑÑй Ñ
оÑели Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ñеделенного изменениÑ. ÐÑ, "
+"ÑлÑÑайно некоÑоÑÑе из ниÑ
окажÑÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммиÑÑами; допÑÑÑим, деÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð· "
+"ниÑ
ÑмеÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ. Так воÑ, Ñано
или поздно некоÑоÑÑе из ниÑ
внеÑÑÑ "
+"изменение и опÑбликÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑÑиÑ,
и Ñогда веÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¸Ð»Ð»Ð¸Ð¾Ð½ "
+"полÑзоваÑелей ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿ÐµÑейÑи на нее.
ÐонимаеÑе, болÑÑинÑÑво из ниÑ
не ÑÐ¼ÐµÐµÑ "
+"пÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ, но они вÑе Ñавно могÑÑ
пеÑейÑи на нее. Так ÑÑо вÑе они "
+"полÑÑаÑÑ, ÑÑо Ñ
оÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now let's suppose there are only 1,000 people who want some other change and "
+"none of them knows how to program. They can still make use of these "
+"freedoms. They can form an organization and each put in money, so if each "
+"puts in $100, that makes $100,000. And at that point they can go to a "
+"programming company and say, \"will you make this change for $100,000 and "
+"when can you have it done?\" And if they don't like the answer from there, "
+"they can go to another programming company and say, \"will you make this "
+"change and when can you have it done?\" Which shows us, first of all, that "
+"these 1,000 users who don't know how to program can, by using the four "
+"freedoms, get the change that they want. And second, it shows that free "
+"software means a free market for support."
+msgstr ""
+"ТепеÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð¹Ñе пÑедположим, ÑÑо еÑÑÑ
ÑолÑко ÑÑÑÑÑа лÑдей, коÑоÑÑе Ñ
оÑÑÑ "
+"какого-Ñо дÑÑгого изменениÑ, и никÑо из ниÑ
не ÑÐ¼ÐµÐµÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ. ÐÑе "
+"Ñавно они могÑÑ Ð²Ð¾ÑполÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÑÑими
Ñвободами. Ðни могÑÑ ÑÑоÑмиÑоваÑÑ "
+"оÑганизаÑиÑ, и каждÑй Ð²Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñги, Ñак
ÑÑо еÑли каждÑй Ð²Ð»Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ñ ÑÑо "
+"доллаÑов, полÑÑиÑÑÑ ÑÑо ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð»Ð°Ñов. Ð
в ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ могÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¹Ñи в "
+"пÑогÑаммиÑÑÑкÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑпÑоÑиÑÑ:
“СделаеÑе ли Ð²Ñ ÑÑо изменение за "
+"ÑÑо ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð»Ð°Ñов, и когда Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе ÑÑо
ÑделаÑÑ?” РеÑли оÑÐ²ÐµÑ ÑÑой "
+"компании им не понÑавиÑÑÑ, они могÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¹Ñи
в дÑÑгÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑпÑоÑиÑÑ: "
+"“СделаеÑе ли Ð²Ñ ÑÑо изменение, и когда
Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе ÑÑо ÑделаÑÑ?” "
+"ÐÑо пÑежде вÑего показÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¼, ÑÑо ÑÑа
ÑÑÑÑÑа полÑзоваÑелей, коÑоÑÑе не "
+"ÑмеÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммиÑоваÑÑ, могÑÑ, полÑзÑÑÑÑ
ÑеÑÑÑÑÐ¼Ñ Ñвободами, полÑÑиÑÑ "
+"изменение, коÑоÑого они Ñ
оÑÑÑ. Рво-вÑоÑÑÑ
,
ÑÑо показÑваеÑ, ÑÑо ÑвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑй ÑÑнок
поддеÑжки."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Proprietary software typically means a monopoly for support. Only the "
+"developer has the source code in most cases, so only the developer can offer "
+"any support. If you want a change, you've got to go to the developer and "
+"beg. Now, if you're very big and important, maybe the developer will pay "
+"attention. If you're not, the developer will say, \"go away, don't bother me."
+"\" Or maybe the developer will say, \"pay us and we'll let you report a bug."
+"\" And if you do that, the developer will say, \"thank you. In six months "
+"there will be an upgrade. Buy the upgrade and you'll see if this bug was "
+"fixed and you will see what new bugs we have for you.\""
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, как пÑавило,
ознаÑаÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° поддеÑжкÑ. Ð "
+"болÑÑинÑÑве ÑлÑÑаев иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ ÐµÑÑÑ
ÑолÑко Ñ ÑазÑабоÑÑика, Ñак ÑÑо "
+"ÑолÑко ÑазÑабоÑÑик Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑедложиÑÑ
какÑÑ Ð±Ñ Ñо ни бÑло поддеÑжкÑ. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"Ñ
оÑиÑе изменениÑ, вам пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ
обÑаÑаÑÑÑÑ Ðº ÑазÑабоÑÑÐ¸ÐºÑ Ð¸ вÑпÑаÑиваÑÑ. "
+"Так воÑ, еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑой и важнÑй,
ÑазÑабоÑÑик, Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ, ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ "
+"внимание. ÐÑли неÑ, ÑазÑабоÑÑик ÑкажеÑ:
“УÑ
одиÑе, не беÑпокойÑе "
+"менє. Ðли, Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ, ÑазÑабоÑÑик
ÑкажеÑ: “ÐаплаÑиÑе нам, и Ð¼Ñ "
+"дадим вам ÑообÑиÑÑ Ð¾Ð± оÑибке”. РеÑли вÑ
ÑделаеÑе ÑÑо, ÑазÑабоÑÑик "
+"ÑкажеÑ: “СпаÑибо. РближайÑие ÑеÑÑÑ
меÑÑÑев бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ. ÐÑпиÑе "
+"обновление, и Ð²Ñ ÑвидиÑе, бÑла ли ÑÑа
оÑибка иÑпÑавлена, и какие новÑе "
+"оÑибки Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑипаÑли”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But with free software, you're dealing with a free market, so that those who "
+"really value support can, in general, get better support for their money by "
+"using free software. Now, one paradoxical consequence of this is, when you "
+"have a choice between several non-free programs to do a job, this is "
+"actually a choice between monopolies. If you pick this program, the support "
+"for it afterwards will be a monopoly. If you pick this program, [points hand "
+"in different direction] the support for it will be a different monopoly, and "
+"if you pick this program, [points hand in different direction] the support "
+"for it will be yet another monopoly. So you're choosing one of these three "
+"monopolies."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо еÑли пÑогÑамма Ñвободна, Ð²Ñ Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐµÑе дело
Ñо ÑвободнÑм ÑÑнком, Ñак ÑÑо ÑоÑ, "
+"кÑо оÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑжкÑ, можеÑ, вообÑе
говоÑÑ, полÑÑиÑÑ Ð·Ð° Ñвои денÑги "
+"более каÑеÑÑвеннÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑжкÑ, полÑзÑÑÑÑ
ÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами. Так воÑ, "
+"одно из паÑадокÑалÑнÑÑ
ÑледÑÑвий ÑÑого
ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñом, ÑÑо когда Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ "
+"вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð½ÐµÑколÑкими неÑвободнÑми
пÑогÑаммами Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ð¹-Ñо ÑабоÑÑ, Ñо "
+"ÑакÑиÑеÑки ÑÑо вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñми.
ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð±ÐµÑеÑе ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, "
+"поддеÑжка ее поÑле ÑÑого бÑдеÑ
монополией. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð±ÐµÑеÑе ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ "
+"[ÑказÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑкой в дÑÑгом напÑавлении],
поддеÑжка ее бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð´ÑÑгой "
+"монополией, а еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð±ÐµÑеÑе ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ
[ÑказÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑкой в дÑÑгом "
+"напÑавлении], поддеÑжка ее бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÐµÑе одной
монополией. Так ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð²ÑбиÑаеÑе "
+"Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¸Ð· ÑÑиÑ
ÑÑеÑ
монополий."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, what this shows is that merely having a choice between a discrete set "
+"of options is not freedom. Freedom is something much deeper and much broader "
+"than having a few choices you can make. Many people try to equate freedom "
+"with having some choice and they're missing the point completely. Freedom "
+"means that you get to make the decisions about how to live your life. {It "
+"doesn't mean, you know} Having three choices about being able to choose this "
+"master or this master or this master is just a choice of masters, and a "
+"choice of masters is not freedom. Freedom is having no master."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, говоÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑо о Ñом, ÑÑо пÑоÑÑое
налиÑие вÑбоÑа Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑкÑеÑнÑм "
+"набоÑом возможноÑÑей не ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ
Ñвободой. Свобода — неÑÑо "
+"гоÑаздо более глÑбокое и гоÑаздо более
ÑиÑокое, Ñем налиÑие неÑколÑкиÑ
"
+"ваÑианÑов, коÑоÑÑе Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе вÑбиÑаÑÑ.
Ðногие пÑÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑиÑавнÑÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ðº "
+"налиÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾-Ñо вÑбоÑа, и они ÑовеÑÑенно
ÑпÑÑкаÑÑ Ð¸Ð· Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ ÑÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°. "
+"Свобода знаÑиÑ, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÑинимаеÑе ÑеÑениÑ
о Ñом, как вам веÑÑи ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ. "
+"ÐÑли еÑÑÑ ÑÑи ваÑианÑа: вÑбоÑаÑÑ ÑÑого Ñ
озÑина, ÑÑого Ñ
озÑина или ÑÑого "
+"Ñ
озÑина, Ñо ÑÑо ÑолÑко вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ñ
озÑев, а
вÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ñ
озÑина — ÑÑо не "
+"Ñвобода. Свобода — когда никакого Ñ
озÑина неÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "12. Copyleft forbidding is forbidden"
+msgstr "12. ÐвÑоÑÑкое лево: запÑеÑаÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑеÑено"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I've explained the reasons for the four freedoms. And thus I've explained "
+"to you what free software means. A program is free software for you, a "
+"particular user, if you have all of these four freedoms. Why do I define it "
+"that way? The reason is that sometimes the same code can be free software "
+"for some users and non-free for the rest. This might seem strange, so let me "
+"give you an example to show how it happens."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ñновал ÑÑи ÑеÑÑÑе ÑвободÑ. Ð Ñем
ÑамÑм Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÑнил вам, ÑÑо Ñакое "
+"ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамма. ÐÑогÑамма Ñвободна
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ, конкÑеÑного полÑзоваÑелÑ, "
+"еÑли Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ Ð²Ñе ÑÑи ÑеÑÑÑе ÑвободÑ.
ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑеделÑÑ ÑÑо Ñаким "
+"обÑазом? ÐÑиÑина в Ñом, ÑÑо иногда одна и
Ñа же пÑогÑамма Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"какиÑ
-Ñо полÑзоваÑелей Ñвободной, а длÑ
оÑÑалÑнÑÑ
— неÑвободной. "
+"ÐÑо Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÑÑаннÑм, поÑÑомÑ
позволÑÑе мне пÑивеÑÑи вам пÑимеÑ, "
+"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÑ, как ÑÑо пÑоиÑÑ
одиÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The biggest example I know of is the X Window System. It was developed at "
+"MIT in the late '80s and released under a license that gave the user all "
+"four freedoms, so if you got X in source code under that license, it was "
+"free software for you. Among those who got it were various computer "
+"manufacturers that distributed UNIX systems. They got the source code for X, "
+"they changed it as necessary to run on their platform, they compiled it and "
+"they put the binaries into their UNIX system, and they distributed only the "
+"binaries to all of their customers under the same license as the rest of "
+"UNIX -- the same non-disclosure agreement."
+msgstr ""
+"СамÑй болÑÑой извеÑÑнÑй мне пÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑ —
ÑиÑÑема X Window. Ðна "
+"ÑазÑабаÑÑвалаÑÑ Ð² MIT в конÑе воÑÑмидеÑÑÑÑÑ
и вÑпÑÑкалаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ лиÑензией, "
+"коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°Ð»Ð° полÑзоваÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð²Ñе ÑеÑÑÑе
ÑвободÑ, Ñак ÑÑо еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑали X в "
+"иÑÑ
одном ÑекÑÑе по ÑÑой лиÑензии, Ñо
ÑиÑÑема бÑла Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ñвободной. СÑеди "
+"ÑеÑ
, кÑо полÑÑил ее, бÑли ÑазлиÑнÑе
пÑоизводиÑели компÑÑÑеÑов, коÑоÑÑе "
+"ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑли ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Unix. Ðни полÑÑили
иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ X, внеÑли "
+"изменениÑ, необÑ
одимÑе Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑабоÑÑ Ð½Ð° иÑ
плаÑÑоÑме, ÑкомпилиÑовали его, "
+"помеÑÑили двоиÑнÑе ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ñ Ð² Ñвои ÑиÑÑемÑ
Unix и ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑли ÑолÑко "
+"двоиÑнÑе ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ñ ÑÑеди вÑеÑ
ÑвоиÑ
клиенÑов
по Ñой же лиÑензии, ÑÑо и оÑÑалÑнÑÑ "
+"Unix — по ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¶Ðµ договоÑÑ Ð¾
неÑазглаÑении."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So, for those many users, the X Window System was no more free than the rest "
+"of UNIX. In this paradoxical situation, the answer to the question \"is X "
+"free software or not?\" depended on where you made the measurement. If you "
+"made the measurement coming out of the developer's group, you'd say, \"I "
+"observe all four freedoms; it's free software.\" If you made the measurement "
+"among the users, you'd say, \"most of them don't have these freedoms; it's "
+"not free software.\""
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑеÑ
многиÑ
полÑзоваÑелей
ÑиÑÑема X Window бÑла не более "
+"Ñвободна, Ñем оÑÑалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Unix. Ð ÑÑой
паÑадокÑалÑной ÑиÑÑаÑии оÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° вопÑÐ¾Ñ "
+"“Ñвободна ли X?” завиÑел Ð¾Ñ Ñого, где
Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ñоводили измеÑениÑ. "
+"ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ñоводили измеÑениÑ, иÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸Ð·
гÑÑÐ¿Ð¿Ñ ÑазÑабоÑÑиков, Ð²Ñ Ñказали бÑ: "
+"“Я наблÑÐ´Ð°Ñ Ð²Ñе ÑеÑÑÑе ÑвободÑ; ÑÑи
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñвободнє. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"пÑоводили измеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑеди полÑзоваÑелей,
Ð²Ñ Ñказали бÑ: “У болÑÑинÑÑва "
+"из ниÑ
Ð½ÐµÑ ÑÑиÑ
Ñвобод; ÑÑи пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ
Ñвободнє."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The developers of X did not consider this a problem, because their goal was "
+"not to give users freedom, it was to have a big success, and as far as they "
+"were concerned, those many users who were using the X Window System without "
+"freedom were just a part of their big success. But, in the GNU Project, our "
+"goal specifically was to give the users freedom. If what happened to X had "
+"happened to GNU, GNU would be a failure."
+msgstr ""
+"РазÑабоÑÑики X не ÑÑиÑали ÑÑо за пÑоблемÑ,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо иÑ
ÑелÑÑ Ð±Ñло не даÑÑ "
+"полÑзоваÑелÑм ÑвободÑ, а доÑÑиÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑого
ÑÑпеÑ
а, и Ñ Ð¸Ñ
ÑоÑки зÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑи "
+"многоÑиÑленнÑе полÑзоваÑели ÑиÑÑемÑ
X Window без ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð±Ñли пÑоÑÑо "
+"ÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
болÑÑого ÑÑпеÑ
а. Ðо еÑли
говоÑиÑÑ Ð¾ пÑоекÑе GNU, Ñо наÑа ÑÐµÐ»Ñ "
+"ÑоÑÑоÑла именно в Ñом, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð´Ð°ÑÑ
полÑзоваÑелÑм ÑвободÑ. ÐÑли Ð±Ñ Ñо, ÑÑо "
+"ÑлÑÑилоÑÑ Ñ X, пÑоизоÑло Ñ GNU, пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU бÑл
Ð±Ñ Ð½ÐµÑдаÑей."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I looked for a way to stop this from happening. And the method I came up "
+"with is called copyleft. Copyleft is based legally on copyright law, and you "
+"can think of it as taking copyright and flipping it over to get copyleft."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð¸Ñкал ÑпоÑоба пÑедоÑвÑаÑиÑÑ ÑÑо.
РмеÑод, коÑоÑÑй Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñел, "
+"назÑваеÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑким левом. ÐвÑоÑÑкое
лево ÑÑидиÑеÑки оÑновано на авÑоÑÑком "
+"пÑаве, и о нем можно дÑмаÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ðº о Ñом, ÑÑо
авÑоÑÑкое пÑаво беÑÑÑ Ð¸ "
+"пеÑевоÑаÑиваÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкое
лево."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Here's how it works: we start with a copyright notice which legally doesn't "
+"actually make a difference anymore, but it reminds people that the program "
+"is copyrighted, which means that, by default, it's prohibited to copy, "
+"distribute or modify this program."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÐ¾Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº оно дейÑÑвÑеÑ: Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñинаем Ñ
ÑÐ²ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð± авÑоÑÑкиÑ
пÑаваÑ
, "
+"коÑоÑое в дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи ÑÑидиÑеÑки
Ñже ниÑего не менÑеÑ, но оно "
+"Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð°ÐµÑ Ð»ÑдÑм, ÑÑо на пÑогÑаммÑ
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑеÑÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкое пÑаво, а ÑÑо "
+"знаÑиÑ, ÑÑо, еÑли не оговоÑено пÑоÑивное,
копиÑоваÑÑ, ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ Ð¸ "
+"изменÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑеÑено."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But then we say, \"you are authorized to make copies, you are authorized to "
+"distribute them, you are authorized to modify this program and you are "
+"authorized to publish modified or extended versions.\" But there is a "
+"condition, and the condition says that any program you distribute that "
+"contains any substantial part of this must, as a whole, be distributed under "
+"these conditions, no more and no less. Which means that, no matter how many "
+"people modify the program or how much, as long as any substantial amount of "
+"our code is in there, that program must be free software in the same way. In "
+"effect, we guarantee that nobody can put himself between you and me and "
+"strip off the freedom and pass the code on to you missing the freedom. In "
+"other words, forbidding is forbidden."
+msgstr ""
+"РзаÑем Ð¼Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñим: “Ðам даеÑÑÑ ÑанкÑиÑ
на изгоÑовление копий, на "
+"ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанение иÑ
, на изменение ÑÑой
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ на пÑбликаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ
"
+"или ÑаÑÑиÑеннÑÑ
веÑÑий”. Ðо еÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾
ÑÑловие, и ÑÑо ÑÑловие глаÑиÑ, "
+"ÑÑо лÑÐ±Ð°Ñ ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸
пÑогÑамма, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ ÑодеÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ ÑколÑко-нибÑдÑ
"
+"знаÑиÑелÑнÑÑ ÑаÑÑÑ ÑÑого, должна, в Ñелом,
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑиÑ
"
+"ÑÑловиÑÑ
, не более и не менее. ÐÑо знаÑиÑ,
ÑÑо незавиÑимо Ð¾Ñ Ñого, ÑколÑко "
+"лÑдей и наÑколÑко ÑилÑно изменÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ, до ÑеÑ
поÑ, пока Ñам оÑÑаеÑÑÑ "
+"лÑбое ÑÑÑеÑÑвенное колиÑеÑÑво наÑиÑ
ÑекÑÑов, ÑÑа пÑогÑамма вÑе Ñавно должна "
+"бÑÑÑ Ñвободной. Ð ÑезÑлÑÑаÑе мÑ
гаÑанÑиÑÑем, ÑÑо никÑо не Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавиÑÑ "
+"ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ и мной, ÑÑезаÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸
пеÑедаÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ пÑогÑаммÑ, лиÑеннÑÑ "
+"ÑвободÑ. ÐÑÑгими Ñловами, запÑеÑаÑÑ
запÑеÑено."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "13. GNU General Public License"
+msgstr "13. СÑандаÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑеÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑензиÑ
GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Copyleft makes the four freedoms into inalienable rights for all users, so "
+"that wherever the code goes, the freedom goes with it. The specific license "
+"that we use to implement the general concept of copyleft is called the GNU "
+"General Public License, or GNU GPL for short. This license is used for "
+"around two thirds or three quarters of all free software packages. But that "
+"still leaves a substantial number that have other licenses. Some of those "
+"licenses are copyleft licenses, some are not. So we have copylefted free "
+"software and we have non-copylefted free software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐвÑоÑÑкое лево Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ ÑеÑÑÑе ÑвободÑ
неоÑÑÑждаемÑми пÑавами вÑеÑ
"
+"полÑзоваÑелей, Ñак ÑÑо кÑда Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð¸ заÑли
пÑогÑаммÑ, вмеÑÑе Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ "
+"Ñвобода. ÐонкÑеÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑензиÑ, коÑоÑой мÑ
полÑзÑемÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑеализаÑии обÑей "
+"идеи авÑоÑÑкого лева, назÑваеÑÑÑ
СÑандаÑÑной обÑеÑÑвенной лиÑензией GNU, или "
+"GNU GPL <a href=\"#tf4\">[4]</a> Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÑаÑкоÑÑи. ÐÑа
лиÑÐµÐ½Ð·Ð¸Ñ "
+"пÑименÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑиблизиÑелÑно Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð²ÑÑ
ÑÑеÑÑиÑ
или ÑÑеÑ
ÑеÑвеÑÑÑÑ
вÑеÑ
пакеÑов "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм. Ðо ÑÑо вÑе-Ñаки
оÑÑавлÑÐµÑ ÑÑÑеÑÑвенное ÑиÑло пакеÑов, Ñ "
+"коÑоÑÑÑ
лиÑензии дÑÑгие. ÐекоÑоÑÑе из ÑÑиÑ
лиÑензий ÑвлÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑензиÑми Ñ "
+"авÑоÑÑким левом, а некоÑоÑÑе — неÑ.
Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÑвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑким левом, а еÑÑÑ
ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ· авÑоÑÑкого лева."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In both cases, the developers have respected your freedom; they have not "
+"tried to trample your freedom. The difference is, with copyleft we go "
+"further and we actively defend your freedom against anyone who would try to "
+"be a middleman and take it away from you, whereas the developers of non-"
+"copylefted free software don't do that. They have not tried to take away "
+"your freedom, but they don't actively protect your freedom from anyone else. "
+"So I think that they could do more for the sake of freedom. But they haven't "
+"done anything bad; insofar as they have done things, those things are good. "
+"So I won't say that they are wrong, I will just say that they could do more. "
+"I think that they're making a mistake."
+msgstr ""
+"РобоиÑ
ÑлÑÑаÑÑ
ÑазÑабоÑÑики Ñважали ваÑÑ
ÑвободÑ; они не пÑÑалиÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¿ÑаÑÑ "
+"ваÑÑ ÑвободÑ. РазниÑа заклÑÑаеÑÑÑ Ð² Ñом,
ÑÑо Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑким левом Ð¼Ñ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¼ "
+"далÑÑе — Ð¼Ñ Ð°ÐºÑивно заÑиÑаем ваÑÑ
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð²ÑÑкого, кÑо "
+"попÑÑалÑÑ Ð±Ñ Ð²ÑÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑедине и оÑнÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ
Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ, в Ñо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº ÑазÑабоÑÑики "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм без авÑоÑÑкого лева не
делаÑÑ ÑÑого. Ðни не пÑÑалиÑÑ "
+"оÑнÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°ÑÑ ÑвободÑ, но они не заÑиÑаÑÑ
акÑивно ваÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð±Ñ Ñо "
+"ни бÑло дÑÑгого. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, ÑÑо они
могли Ð±Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ "
+"болÑÑе. Ðо они не Ñделали ниÑего плоÑ
ого;
поÑÑолÑкÑ, поÑколÑÐºÑ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ ÑÑо-Ñо "
+"делали, ÑÑо бÑло Ñ
оÑоÑо. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑкажÑ,
ÑÑо они плоÑ
ие, Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо ÑкажÑ, "
+"ÑÑо они могли Ð±Ñ ÑделаÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑе. Я дÑмаÑ,
ÑÑо они ÑовеÑÑаÑÑ Ð¾ÑибкÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But their work is free software, so it does contribute to our community and, "
+"in fact, that software can be part of a free operating system such as GNU."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо иÑ
ÑабоÑÑ ÑвлÑÑÑÑÑ ÑвободнÑми
пÑогÑаммами, Ñак ÑÑо вклад в наÑе "
+"ÑообÑеÑÑво они вноÑÑÑ, и ÑÑи пÑогÑаммÑ,
дейÑÑвиÑелÑно, могÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑаÑÑÑÑ "
+"Ñакой Ñвободной опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑемÑ, как
GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "13a. Developing GNU"
+msgstr "13a. РазÑабоÑка GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"During the 1980s, our work on the GNU Project was to develop or find all "
+"these pieces of GNU so that we could have a complete GNU system. In some "
+"cases, someone else wrote a program and made it free software and we were "
+"able to use it, and that was good because it shortened the work that we had "
+"to do. For instance, the X Window System is one of the programs that was "
+"developed by others for reasons of their own, but they did make it free "
+"software, so we could use it."
+msgstr ""
+"РвоÑÑмидеÑÑÑÑе Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ XX века наÑа ÑабоÑа
над пÑоекÑом GNU ÑоÑÑоÑла в "
+"Ñом, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑазÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ найÑи вÑе ÑÑи
ÑаÑÑи GNU, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð° бÑÑÑ "
+"Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑема GNU. РнекоÑоÑÑÑ
ÑлÑÑаÑÑ
кÑо-Ñо дÑÑгой пиÑал пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ "
+"делал ее Ñвободной, а Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸
воÑполÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÐµÑ, и ÑÑо бÑло Ñ
оÑоÑо,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑÑо ÑокÑаÑало нам ÑабоÑÑ. ÐапÑимеÑ,
ÑиÑÑема X Window — одна "
+"из пÑогÑамм, ÑазÑабоÑаннÑÑ
дÑÑгими по иÑ
ÑобÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑинÑ, но Ñвободной "
+"пÑогÑаммой они ее Ñделали, Ñак ÑÑо мÑ
Ñмогли ÐµÑ Ð²Ð¾ÑполÑзоваÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, people were saying the job was so big, we'd never finish it. Well, I "
+"thought we would eventually get a free operating system but I agreed the job "
+"was big; we had to look for shortcuts. So, for instance, I always wanted to "
+"have windowing facilities in GNU. I had written a couple of window systems "
+"at the AI LAB before even starting GNU, so of course I wanted that in the "
+"system. But we never developed a GNU window system because someone else "
+"developed X first. I looked at it and I said, \"well, it's not copylefted, "
+"but it is free, it's popular, it's powerful, so let's just use it.\" And so "
+"we saved one big chunk of work. So we took it, X, and we put it into the "
+"GNU system and we started making other pieces of GNU work with X. Because "
+"the goal was to have a free operating system, not to have a free operating "
+"system every piece of which had been written purposely by us just for that."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, лÑди говоÑили, ÑÑо ÑабоÑа Ñак
велика, ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° ее не "
+"завеÑÑим. ÐÑ, Ñ Ð´Ñмал, ÑÑо когда-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð¼Ñ
полÑÑим ÑвободнÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑионнÑÑ "
+"ÑиÑÑемÑ, но Ñ Ð±Ñл ÑоглаÑен, ÑÑо ÑабоÑа
велика; нам нÑжно бÑло иÑкаÑÑ "
+"коÑоÑкие пÑÑи. Так ÑÑо, напÑимеÑ, Ñ Ð²Ñегда Ñ
оÑел, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð² GNU бÑли ÑÑедÑÑва "
+"оÑганизаÑии окон. Я напиÑал паÑÑ Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ
ÑиÑÑем в ÐабоÑаÑоÑии иÑкÑÑÑÑвенного "
+"инÑеллекÑа еÑе до Ñого, как пÑиÑÑÑпил к
ÑабоÑе над GNU, Ñак ÑÑо Ñ, конеÑно, "
+"Ñ
оÑел, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð² ÑиÑÑеме ÑÑо бÑло. Ðо Ð¼Ñ Ñак и
не ÑазÑабоÑали оконнÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"GNU, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо дÑÑгие ÑазÑабоÑали X ÑанÑÑе.
Я поÑмоÑÑел на нее и Ñказал: "
+"“Ðадно, она без авÑоÑÑкого лева, но она
Ñвободна и попÑлÑÑна, она "
+"ÑÑÑекÑивна, Ñак ÑÑо давайÑе пÑоÑÑо
воÑполÑзÑемÑÑ ÐµÑ”. Ð Ñаким обÑазом "
+"Ð¼Ñ ÑÑкономили болÑÑой обÑем ÑабоÑÑ. Так
ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð·Ñли ее, X, вÑÑавили ее в "
+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU и ÑÑали налаживаÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ
дÑÑгиÑ
ÑаÑÑей GNU Ñ X. ÐоÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо "
+"ÑелÑÑ Ð±Ñло полÑÑиÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ
опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, а не ÑвободнÑÑ "
+"опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð°Ñ ÑаÑÑÑ
коÑоÑой бÑла Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñана Ñ ÑÑой ÑелÑÑ "
+"нами и именно Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑой ÑиÑÑемÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "14. Making money off free software"
+msgstr "14. Ðак заÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"However, it only happened occasionally that someone else released some free "
+"software that was useful in GNU and when it happened, it was a coincidence, "
+"because they were not writing this software in order to have a free "
+"operating system. So when it happened, that was great, but there were lots "
+"of other pieces we had to develop. Some were developed by staff of the Free "
+"Software Foundation. The Free Software Foundation is a tax-exempt charity to "
+"promote free software which we founded in October, '85, after GNU Emacs' "
+"popularity suggested that people might actually start donating money to the "
+"GNU project."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðднако ÑолÑко вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ñемени кÑо-нибÑдÑ
дÑÑгой вÑпÑÑкал какие-Ñо ÑвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÑе бÑли Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ñ Ð² GNU, и
когда ÑÑо ÑлÑÑалоÑÑ, ÑÑо бÑло "
+"Ñовпадение, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо они пиÑали ÑÑи
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ. Так ÑÑо
когда Ñакое ÑлÑÑалоÑÑ, ÑÑо бÑло "
+"оÑлиÑно, но бÑло много дÑÑгиÑ
ÑаÑÑей,
коÑоÑÑе нам нÑжно бÑло ÑазÑабоÑаÑÑ. "
+"ÐекоÑоÑÑе иÑ
ниÑ
ÑазÑабаÑÑвалиÑÑ
ÑоÑÑÑдниками Фонда Ñвободного
пÑогÑаммного "
+"обеÑпеÑениÑ. Фонд Ñвободного
пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ — "
+"благоÑвоÑиÑелÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑганизаÑÐ¸Ñ Ñ
налоговÑми лÑгоÑами, ÑелÑÑ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑой
ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ "
+"ÑодейÑÑвие ÑвободнÑм пÑогÑаммам. ÐÑ
оÑновали ее в окÑÑбÑе воÑемÑдеÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÑого "
+"года, поÑле Ñого, как попÑлÑÑноÑÑÑ GNU Emacs
навела на мÑÑлÑ, ÑÑо лÑди могли "
+"Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñамом деле наÑаÑÑ Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑиÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñги на
пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ GNU."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So we founded the Free Software Foundation and it asked for donations, but "
+"also took over selling the tapes of GNU Emacs. And it turns out that most of "
+"the FSF's income for the first many years came from that, from selling "
+"things, from selling copies of software and manuals that everyone was free "
+"to copy. Now this is interesting, because this was supposedly impossible; "
+"but we did it anyway."
+msgstr ""
+" Так ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ñновали Фонд Ñвободного
пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ, и он обÑÑвил "
+"о пÑиеме пожеÑÑвований, а Ñакже взÑл на
ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð½Ð¸ÑнÑÑ
Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñ GNU "
+"Emacs. Ð Ñак вÑÑло, ÑÑо ÑÑо и ÑоÑÑавлÑло доÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¤Ð¡ÐРпеÑвÑе много Ð»ÐµÑ "
+"— пÑодажа копий пÑогÑамм и ÑÑководÑÑв,
коÑоÑÑе каждÑй бÑл волен "
+"копиÑоваÑÑ. Так воÑ, ÑÑо инÑеÑеÑно, поÑомÑ
ÑÑо ÑÑо ÑÑиÑалоÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ñм; но "
+"Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ñе Ñавно делали ÑÑо."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now that meant I had to find some other way to make a living. As the "
+"president of the FSF, I did not want to compete with it; I thought that "
+"would be unfair and not correct behavior. So I started making my living by "
+"commissions to change the software I had written and teaching classes about "
+"it. So people would want some change to be made in Emacs or GCC, and they "
+"would think of hiring me, because they figured I was the author so I could "
+"do a better job faster. So I started charging as much as $250 an hour and I "
+"calculated I could make a living in 7 weeks of paid work per year -- and "
+"that meant enough money to spend, an equal amount to save, and an equal "
+"amount for taxes. And [when I reached] that point I figured, \"I won't take "
+"any more paid work this year, I've got other, better things to do.\""
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, ÑÑо знаÑило, ÑÑо мне нÑжно найÑи
какой-Ñо дÑÑгой ÑпоÑоб "
+"заÑабаÑÑваÑÑ Ð½Ð° жизнÑ. Ðак пÑедÑедаÑелÑ
ФСÐÐ Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñ
оÑел конкÑÑиÑоваÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼; "
+"Ñ Ð´Ñмал, ÑÑо ÑÑо бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð½ÐµÑеÑÑно и
непÑилиÑно. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñал заÑабаÑÑваÑÑ "
+"на Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÑдами на Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²
пÑогÑаммаÑ
, коÑоÑÑе Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñал, и ÑÑоками "
+"по ÑÑим пÑогÑаммам. Так ÑÑо лÑди Ñ
оÑели
внеÑÑи какое-Ñо изменение в Emacs "
+"или GCC, они дÑмали о Ñом, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð½ÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо они понимали, ÑÑо "
+"Ñ — авÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¸ мог Ð±Ñ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑо лÑÑÑе и
бÑÑÑÑее. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñал "
+"ÑобиÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ двеÑÑи пÑÑÑдеÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð»Ð°Ñов в
ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¸ подÑÑиÑал, ÑÑо Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ Ð±Ñ "
+"заÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° жизнÑ, еÑли Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±Ñло
ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ñенной ÑабоÑÑ Ð² "
+"год — подÑазÑмевалоÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑого
бÑло доÑÑаÑоÑно Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑаÑÑ
одов, "
+"Ñакого же колиÑеÑÑва ÑбеÑежений и Ñакого
же колиÑеÑÑва налогов. Ð [когда Ñ "
+"Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¸ÑалоÑÑ] ÑÑолÑко денег, Ñ Ð´Ñмал:
“ÐолÑÑе Ñ Ð½Ðµ бÑÐ´Ñ Ð±ÑаÑÑ "
+"оплаÑиваемой ÑабоÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð´, Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ
еÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð° поважнее”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I've actually had three different free software businesses during the "
+"period I've been working on GNU. I've described two of them; the third one "
+"is, I get paid for some of my speeches. Whether I get paid for this speech, "
+"I don't yet know. [Laughter] I said, \"please pay me what you can.\" Now, I "
+"think Google ought to be able to afford to pay me some handsome amount, but "
+"whether it will, I don't know. Anyway, I figured it's worth doing the speech "
+"just for the good it will do for the movement."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð° Ñамом деле бÑло ÑÑи
ÑазлиÑнÑÑ
иÑÑоÑника доÑ
ода, ÑвÑзаннÑÑ
"
+"Ñо ÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами, в пеÑиод, когда
Ñ ÑабоÑал над GNU. Ðва из ниÑ
Ñ "
+"опиÑал; ÑÑеÑÑим бÑло Ñо, ÑÑо мне плаÑили за
некоÑоÑÑе из моиÑ
вÑÑÑÑплений. "
+"ÐаплаÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ мне за ÑÑо вÑÑÑÑпление, Ñ ÐµÑе
не знаÑ. [СмеÑ
]. Я Ñказал: “"
+"ÐаплаÑиÑе мне, пожалÑйÑÑа, ÑколÑко
ÑможеÑе”. Так воÑ, Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, Google, "
+"должно бÑÑÑ, Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ñебе
заплаÑиÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ ÑолиднÑÑ ÑÑммÑ, но Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
+"знаÑ, заплаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð»Ð¸. Ðо вÑÑком ÑлÑÑае, Ñ
понÑл, ÑÑо Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐµÑ ÑмÑÑл вÑÑÑÑпиÑÑ Ñже "
+"Ñади блага, коÑоÑое ÑÑо пÑинеÑÐµÑ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "15. Why write free software"
+msgstr "15. ÐаÑем пиÑÑÑ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So this raises the question of why people develop free software. You see, "
+"there are people who believe that no one would ever write software except to "
+"get paid, that that's the only motive that anyone would ever have to write "
+"code. It's amazing, the kind of utterly stupid, simplistic theories that "
+"people will sometimes believe because that's part of a prevailing ideology."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, ÑÑо Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÐµÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑоÑ, заÑем лÑди
ÑазÑабаÑÑваÑÑ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ. "
+"ÐонимаеÑе, еÑÑÑ Ð»Ñди, коÑоÑÑе ÑÑиÑаÑÑ, ÑÑо
никÑо никогда не пиÑал Ð±Ñ "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, еÑли Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð° ÑÑо не плаÑили, ÑÑо
ÑÑо единÑÑвеннÑй моÑив Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"напиÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамм, коÑоÑÑй мог Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ñ
кого Ð±Ñ Ñо ни бÑло. УдивиÑелÑно, "
+"до Ñего глÑпÑе и пÑимиÑивнÑе ÑеоÑии лÑди
иногда пÑинимаÑÑ Ð½Ð° веÑÑ Ð¸Ð·-за "
+"Ñого, ÑÑо ÑÑо вÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð² гоÑподÑÑвÑÑÑÑÑ
идеологиÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, human nature is very complex. Whatever it is people are doing, they "
+"might do for various reasons. In fact, one person will often have multiple "
+"motives simultaneously for a single act. Nonetheless, there are people who "
+"say, \"if the software is free, that means nobody's paid to write it, so no "
+"one will write it.\" Now, obviously they were confusing the two meanings of "
+"the word \"free,\" so their theory was based on a confusion. In any case, we "
+"can compare their theory with empirical fact and we can see that at least "
+"hundreds, maybe thousands of people are paid to work on free software, "
+"including some people here, I believe, and there are about a million or so "
+"people developing free software at all for the many different reasons they "
+"have. {So to say that nobody} This simplistic theory about motivation is "
+"absurd."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, ÑеловеÑеÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑода оÑенÑ
Ñложна. ЧÑо Ð±Ñ Ð»Ñди ни делали, они могли "
+"Ð±Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо по ÑазлиÑнÑм пÑиÑинам. Ðа
Ñамом деле одного Ñеловека неÑедко "
+"побÑÐ¶Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ Ðº ÑовеÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ дейÑÑвиÑ
неÑколÑко ÑазнÑÑ
моÑивов. Тем не "
+"менее еÑÑÑ Ð»Ñди, коÑоÑÑе говоÑÑÑ: “ÐÑли
пÑогÑамма Ñвободна, ÑÑо "
+"знаÑиÑ, ÑÑо никÑо не заплаÑил за Ñо, ÑÑобÑ
ее напиÑаÑÑ, Ñак ÑÑо никÑо ее не "
+"напиÑеє. Так воÑ, оÑевидно, ÑÑо они
пÑÑаÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ð° знаÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑого Ñлова, "
+"Ñак ÑÑо иÑ
ÑеоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ñнована на ÑмеÑении
понÑÑий. Ðо вÑÑком ÑлÑÑае, Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ¼ "
+"ÑопоÑÑавиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
ÑеоÑÐ¸Ñ Ñ ÑмпиÑиÑеÑким
ÑакÑом и ÑвидеÑÑ, ÑÑо по менÑÑей меÑе "
+"ÑоÑнÑм, а Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ, ÑÑÑÑÑам лÑдей плаÑÑÑ
за ÑабоÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ÑвободнÑми "
+"пÑогÑаммами, в Ñом ÑиÑле некоÑоÑÑм
пÑиÑÑÑÑÑвÑÑÑим, как Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, и еÑÑÑ Ð²Ñего "
+"около миллиона или около Ñого лÑдей,
ÑазÑабаÑÑваÑÑиÑ
ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ "
+"многим дÑÑгим пÑиÑинам, коÑоÑÑе Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
еÑÑÑ. ÐÑа пÑимиÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑеоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑиваÑии "
+"абÑÑÑдна."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So let's see what motivates people to write free software; what are the real "
+"motives? Well, I don't necessarily know about them. There could always be a "
+"person who has a motive that I don't know about or I've forgotten about. I "
+"can only tell you the motives that I recall encountering."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, ÑаÑÑмоÑÑим, ÑÑо моÑивиÑÑÐµÑ Ð»Ñдей на
напиÑание ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм; "
+"ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ ÑеалÑнÑе моÑивÑ? ÐÑ, Ñ Ð½Ðµ
обÑзаÑелÑно Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¾ ниÑ
. ÐÑегда Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ "
+"Ñеловек, Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑого еÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ñив, о коÑоÑом
мне не извеÑÑно или о коÑоÑом Ñ "
+"забÑл. Я Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ ÑаÑÑказаÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ ÑолÑко о
моÑиваÑ
, коÑоÑÑе Ñ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ñ Ð¸Ð· лиÑного "
+"опÑÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One motive is political idealism: making the world a better place where we "
+"can live together in freedom. Now, that's a very important motive for me, "
+"but it's not my only motive. And there are others who write free software "
+"and don't agree with that motive at all."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðдин из моÑивов — полиÑиÑеÑкие
идеалÑ: ÑлÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸Ñ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¼Ñ "
+"могли в нем жиÑÑ Ð²Ð¼ÐµÑÑе на Ñвободе. Так
воÑ, Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑо оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ñй "
+"моÑив, но ÑÑо не единÑÑвеннÑй мой моÑив. Ð
еÑÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгиb, кÑо пиÑÐµÑ ÑвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ñив полноÑÑÑÑ
оÑÑÑÑÑÑвÑеÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another motive that's very important is fun. Programming is tremendous fun. "
+"Not for everybody, of course, but for a lot of the best programmers. And "
+"these are the people whose contributions we want most. In fact, it's so "
+"much fun, it's especially fun, when no one can tell you what to do, which is "
+"why so many people who have jobs programming like to write free software in "
+"their spare time."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑгой моÑив, коÑоÑÑй оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¶ÐµÐ½ —
ÑазвлеÑение. ÐÑогÑаммиÑование "
+"ÑÑÑаÑно ÑвлекаÑелÑно. Ðе Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑеÑ
,
конеÑно, но Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑва ÑамÑÑ
лÑÑÑиÑ
"
+"пÑогÑаммиÑÑов. Ð ÑÑо лÑди, ÑÑего вклада мÑ
болÑÑе вÑего Ñ
оÑим. Ðа Ñамом деле "
+"ÑÑо Ñак ÑвлекаÑелÑно, ÑÑо оÑобенно
ÑвлекаÑелÑно, когда никÑо не говоÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼, "
+"ÑÑо делаÑÑ, Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñак много лÑдей,
ÑабоÑаÑÑиÑ
пÑогÑаммиÑÑами, лÑбÑÑ "
+"пиÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð² Ñвободное
вÑемÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But this is not the only motive; another motive is to be appreciated. If 1% "
+"of our community is using your program, that's hundreds of thousands of "
+"users. That's a lot of people admiring you."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо ÑÑо не единÑÑвеннÑй моÑив; дÑÑгой
моÑив — обÑеÑÑвенное "
+"пÑизнание. ÐÑли 1% наÑего ÑообÑеÑÑва
полÑзÑеÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñей пÑогÑаммой, ÑÑо ÑоÑни "
+"ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелей. ÐÑо знаÑиÑ, ÑÑо
множеÑÑво лÑдей воÑÑ
иÑаеÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another related, but different, motive is professional reputation. If 1% of "
+"our community is using your program, you can put that on your resume and it "
+"proves you're a good programmer. You don't even have to go to school."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑгой, ÑвÑзаннÑй Ñ ÑÑим, но оÑлиÑнÑй оÑ
него моÑив — "
+"пÑоÑеÑÑионалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑепÑÑаÑиÑ. ÐÑли 1% наÑего
ÑообÑеÑÑва полÑзÑеÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñей "
+"пÑогÑаммой, Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе ÑказаÑÑ ÑÑо в Ñвоей
пÑоÑеÑÑионалÑной авÑобиогÑаÑии, и "
+"ÑÑо лÑÑÑе вÑÑкого диплома докажеÑ, ÑÑо
Ð²Ñ — Ñ
оÑоÑий пÑогÑаммиÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another motivation is gratitude. If you've been using the community's free "
+"software for years and appreciating it, then when you write a program, "
+"that's your opportunity to pay something back to the community that has "
+"given you so much."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑгой моÑив — благодаÑноÑÑÑ. ÐÑли
годами Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзовалиÑÑ "
+"ÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами ÑообÑеÑÑва и
ÑениÑе иÑ
, Ñо, когда Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¸ÑеÑе "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, ÑÑо возможноÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑплаÑиÑÑ
Ñем-Ñо ÑообÑеÑÑвÑ, коÑоÑое вам ÑÑолÑко "
+"дало."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Another motivation is hatred for Microsoft. [Laughter] Now, this is a rather "
+"foolish motive, because Microsoft is really just one of many developers of "
+"non-free software and they're all doing the same evil thing. It's a mistake "
+"to focus [solely] on Microsoft, and this mistake can have bad consequences. "
+"When people focus too much on Microsoft, they start forgetting that all the "
+"others are doing something just as bad. And they may end up thinking that "
+"anything that competes with Microsoft is good, even if it is also non-free "
+"software and thus inherently just as evil."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑгой моÑив — ненавиÑÑÑ Ðº Microsoft.
[СмеÑ
.] Так воÑ, ÑÑо "
+"доволÑно-Ñаки дÑÑаÑкий моÑив, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо
на Ñамом деле Microsoft "
+"— ÑолÑко один из множеÑÑва
ÑазÑабоÑÑиков неÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, и вÑе "
+"они делаÑÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾ и Ñо же злое дело.
СоÑÑедоÑоÑиваÑÑÑÑ [единÑÑвенно] на "
+"Microsoft — оÑибка, и ÑÑа оÑибка имееÑ
плоÑ
ие поÑледÑÑвиÑ. Ðогда "
+"лÑди ÑлиÑком ÑоÑÑедоÑоÑиваÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Microsoft,
они наÑинаÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð±ÑваÑÑ, ÑÑо вÑе "
+"дÑÑгие делаÑÑ Ñо, ÑÑо ÑоÑно Ñак же плоÑ
о. Ð
они могÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑиÑÑ Ñем, ÑÑо бÑдÑÑ "
+"дÑмаÑÑ, ÑÑо лÑÐ±Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑÑенÑÐ¸Ñ Microsoft —
ÑÑо Ñ
оÑоÑо, даже еÑли "
+"ÑÑо Ñоже неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸, Ñаким
обÑазом, по пÑиÑоде Ñвоей ÑÑо Ñак же "
+"плоÑ
о."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, it's true that these other companies have not subjugated as many users "
+"as Microsoft has, but that's not for want of trying; they just haven't "
+"succeeded in mistreating as many people as Microsoft has, which is hardly, "
+"ethically speaking, an excuse. Nonetheless, {when this particular motive "
+"motivates} this motive does motivate people to develop free software, so we "
+"have to count it as one of the motives that has this result."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, веÑно, ÑÑо ÑÑи дÑÑгие компании не
подÑинили ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð³Ð½ÐµÑÑ ÑÑолÑко "
+"полÑзоваÑелей, ÑколÑко Microsoft, но ÑÑо не оÑ
недоÑÑаÑка желаниÑ; они "
+"пÑоÑÑо не имели ÑÑпеÑ
а в дÑÑном обÑаÑении
Ñ Ñаким же ÑиÑлом лÑдей, как "
+"Microsoft, ÑÑо едва ли иÑ
, Ñ ÑÑиÑеÑкой ÑоÑки
зÑениÑ, опÑавдÑваеÑ. Тем не "
+"менее ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ñив дейÑÑвиÑелÑно побÑждаеÑ
лÑдей ÑазÑабаÑÑваÑÑ ÑвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, Ñак ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÑиÑÑваÑÑ
как один из моÑивов, пÑиводÑÑий к "
+"ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑезÑлÑÑаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And another motive is money. When people were being paid to develop free "
+"software, that's part of their motive for the work that they're doing. In "
+"fact, when I was paid to make improvements in various programs I had "
+"written, that money was part of my motive for doing those particular jobs, "
+"too."
+msgstr ""
+"РдÑÑгой моÑив — денÑги. Ðогда лÑдÑм
плаÑÑÑ Ð·Ð° ÑазвиÑие ÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамм, ÑÑо ÑаÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾ÑиваÑии ÑабоÑÑ,
коÑоÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ вÑполнÑÑÑ. ÐейÑÑвиÑелÑно, "
+"когда мне плаÑили за подгоÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÑ ÑлÑÑÑений
в ÑазлиÑнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
, коÑоÑÑе Ñ "
+"напиÑал, ÑÑи денÑги Ñоже бÑли ÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾ÐµÐ¹
моÑиваÑии вÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑиÑ
"
+"конкÑеÑнÑÑ
задаÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[RMS, 2010: A motive I forgot to mention is improving a free program because "
+"you want to use the improvement yourself.]"
+msgstr ""
+"[РиÑаÑд СÑолмен, 2010: моÑив, коÑоÑÑй Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð±Ñл
ÑпомÑнÑÑÑ — "
+"ÑлÑÑÑение Ñвободной пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ñой
пÑиÑине, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ñами Ñ
оÑиÑе "
+"полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÑÑим ÑлÑÑÑением.]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So there are many possible motives to write free software. And, fortunately, "
+"there are many developers of free software and a lot of free software is "
+"being developed."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо еÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ возможнÑÑ
моÑивов длÑ
напиÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм. Рк "
+"ÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, еÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑазÑабоÑÑиков
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, и ÑазÑабаÑÑваеÑÑÑ "
+"множеÑÑво ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "16. The Kernel, Linux"
+msgstr "16. ЯдÑо, Linux"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So, during the 1980s we were filling in these missing pieces of the GNU "
+"operating system. By the early '90s we had almost everything necessary. Only "
+"one important piece was missing, one essential piece for an initial system, "
+"and that was the kernel. We started developing a kernel in 1990. {I was "
+"looking for some way to} I was looking for some shortcut, some way we could "
+"start from something existing. I thought that debugging a kernel would be "
+"painful, because you don't get to do it with your symbolic debugger, and "
+"when it crashes, it's sort of annoying."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, в воÑÑмидеÑÑÑÑе Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ XX века мÑ
заполнÑли ÑÑи недоÑÑаÑÑие меÑÑа в "
+"опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑеме GNU. РнаÑалÑ
девÑноÑÑÑÑ
Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±Ñло поÑÑи вÑе "
+"необÑ
одимое. ТолÑко одной важной ÑаÑÑи
недоÑÑавало, одной ÑÑÑеÑÑвенной ÑаÑÑи "
+"базовой ÑиÑÑемÑ, и ÑÑо бÑло ÑдÑо. ÐÑ
пÑиÑÑÑпили к ÑазÑабоÑке ÑдÑа "
+"в 1990 годÑ. Я иÑкал коÑоÑкий пÑÑÑ,
какой-нибÑÐ´Ñ ÑпоÑоб, коÑоÑÑм "
+"Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑаÑÑ Ñ Ñего-Ñо
ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑÑÑего. Я дÑмал, ÑÑо оÑладка ÑдÑа
бÑÐ´ÐµÑ "
+"болезненной, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑимволÑнÑй
оÑладÑик ÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ поможеÑ, а когда оно Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ "
+"Ñбой, ÑÑо, Ñкажем Ñак, ÑаздÑажаеÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I was looking for a way to bypass that work, and I found one eventually, "
+"a microkernel called Mach that had been developed as a funded project at "
+"Carnegie Mellon. Now, Mach doesn't have all the features of UNIX; the idea "
+"is, it provides certain general low-level features and you implement the "
+"rest in user programs. Well, that, I thought, would be easy to debug, "
+"because they're user programs; when they crash, the system isn't dead. So "
+"people began working on those user programs, which we called the GNU Hurd, "
+"because it's a herd of GNU servers (you see, gnus live in herds)."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð¸Ñкал обÑ
одной пÑÑÑ, и в конÑе
конÑов Ñ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ наÑел, микÑоÑдÑо под "
+"названием Mach, коÑоÑое бÑло ÑазÑабоÑано
как пÑоекÑ, ÑинанÑиÑÑемÑй в "
+"УнивеÑÑиÑеÑе ÐаÑнеги-Ðеллона. Так воÑ, в
Mach Ð½ÐµÑ Ð²ÑеÑ
ÑÑнкÑий Unix; Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ Ð² "
+"Ñом, ÑÑо оно пÑедоÑÑавлÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÑеделеннÑе
обÑие низкоÑÑовневÑе ÑÑнкÑии, а Ð²Ñ "
+"ÑеализÑеÑе оÑÑалÑное в полÑзоваÑелÑÑкиÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
. ÐÑ, ÑÑо, как Ñ Ð´Ñмал, "
+"бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð»ÐµÐ³ÐºÐ¾ оÑлаживаÑÑ, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑÑо
полÑзоваÑелÑÑкие пÑогÑаммÑ; когда они "
+"даÑÑ Ñбой, ÑиÑÑема не ÑмиÑаеÑ. Так ÑÑо лÑди
наÑали ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ÑÑими "
+"полÑзоваÑелÑÑкими пÑогÑаммами, и мÑ
назÑваем ÑÑо GNU Hurd, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑÑо "
+"ÑÑадо ÑеÑвеÑов GNU (Ð³Ð½Ñ Ð¶Ð¸Ð²ÑÑ ÑÑадами, как
Ð²Ñ Ñами понимаеÑе) <a href="
+"\"tf5\">[5]</a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Anyway, I thought that this design would enable us to get the job done "
+"faster, but it didn't work out that way; it actually took many years to get "
+"the Hurd to run, partly because Mach was unreliable, partly because the "
+"debugging environment wasn't very good, partly because it's hard to debug "
+"these multithreaded, asynchronous programs and partly because this was "
+"somewhat of a research project. At least that's as far as I can tell; I was "
+"never involved in the actual development of the Hurd."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðак Ð±Ñ Ñо ни бÑло, Ñ Ð´Ñмал, ÑÑо ÑÑа аÑÑ
иÑекÑÑÑа Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ ÑпÑавиÑÑÑÑ Ñ "
+"ÑабоÑой бÑÑÑÑее, но не ÑÑÑ-Ñо бÑло; в
дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи на Ñо, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ "
+"заÑÑавиÑÑ Hurd ÑабоÑаÑÑ, ÑÑло много леÑ,
ÑаÑÑиÑно поÑомÑ, ÑÑо микÑоÑдÑо Mach "
+"бÑло ненадежнÑм, ÑаÑÑиÑно поÑомÑ, ÑÑо
оÑладоÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑеда бÑла не оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ñ
оÑоÑа, "
+"ÑаÑÑиÑно поÑомÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑÑдно оÑлаживаÑÑ
ÑÑи многопоÑоÑнÑе аÑинÑ
ÑоннÑе "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, а ÑаÑÑиÑно поÑомÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо бÑл
до некоÑоÑой ÑÑепени "
+"иÑÑледоваÑелÑÑкий пÑоекÑ. Ðо кÑайней
меÑе, наÑколÑко ÑÑо мне извеÑÑно; Ñам Ñ "
+"никогда напÑÑмÑÑ Ð² ÑазÑабоÑке Hurd не
ÑÑаÑÑвовал."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Fortunately, we didn't have to wait for that, because in 1991, Linus "
+"Torvalds, a Finnish college student, developed his own kernel, using the "
+"traditional monolithic design, and he got it to barely run in less than a "
+"year. Initially, Linux --that's what this kernel's name was-- was not free, "
+"but in 1992 he re-released it under the GNU General Public License and at "
+"that point it was free software. And so it was possible, by combining Linux "
+"and the GNU system, to make a complete free operating system. And thus, the "
+"goal we had set out for, that I had announced in 1983, had been reached: "
+"there was, for the first time, a complete modern operating system for modern "
+"computers, and it was possible to get a modern computer and run it without "
+"betraying the rest of humanity, without being subjugated. You could do this "
+"by installing the GNU + Linux operating system."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð ÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, нам не пÑиÑлоÑÑ ÑÑого ждаÑÑ,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо в 1991 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÐинÑÑ "
+"ТоÑвалÑдÑ, ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑинÑкого ÑеÑ
никÑма,
ÑазÑабоÑал Ñвое ÑобÑÑвенное ÑдÑо, "
+"пÑименив ÑÑадиÑионнÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑнÑÑ Ð°ÑÑ
иÑекÑÑÑÑ, и Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ оно заÑабоÑало по "
+"минимÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑе, Ñем ÑеÑез год.
ÐеÑвонаÑалÑно Linux — Ñак "
+"назÑвалоÑÑ ÑдÑо — не бÑло ÑвободнÑм,
но в 1992 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð½ "
+"пеÑевÑпÑÑÑил его под СÑандаÑÑной
обÑеÑÑвенной лиÑензией GNU, и в ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ "
+"оно ÑÑало ÑвободнÑм. Ð Ñаким обÑазом бÑло
возможно, комбиниÑÑÑ Linux и "
+"ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU, ÑделаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ
опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ. Ð ÑледоваÑелÑно, "
+"ÑелÑ, коÑоÑÑÑ Ð¼Ñ Ñебе намеÑили, о коÑоÑой Ñ
обÑÑвил в 1983 годÑ, "
+"бÑла доÑÑигнÑÑа: бÑла полÑÑена, впеÑвÑе,
Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑовÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"ÑиÑÑема Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑовÑеменнÑÑ
компÑÑÑеÑов, и
ÑÑало возможнÑм взÑÑÑ ÑовÑеменнÑй "
+"компÑÑÑÐµÑ Ð¸ ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° нем, не пÑедаваÑ
оÑÑалÑное ÑеловеÑеÑÑво, не бÑдÑÑи "
+"ÑгнеÑаемÑм. ÐÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑо,
ÑÑÑановив опеÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU+Linux."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "17. GNU vs. Linux confusion problem freedom"
+msgstr "17. Свобода и пÑоблема пÑÑаниÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ GNU
и Linux"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But the people who combined GNU and Linux got confused and they started "
+"naming the entire thing Linux, which was actually the name of one piece. And "
+"somehow that confusion spread faster than we have been able to correct it. "
+"So I'm sure you've heard many people speaking of Linux as an operating "
+"system, an operating system {most of which} which basically started in 1984 "
+"under the name of the GNU Project."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо лÑди, коÑоÑÑе комбиниÑовали GNU и Linux,
ÑÑали пÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, они ÑÑали "
+"назÑваÑÑ Ð²Ñе ÑÑо в Ñелом Linux, ÑÑо на Ñамом
деле ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ одной "
+"ÑаÑÑи. Ркаким-Ñо обÑазом ÑÑа пÑÑаниÑа
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑлаÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑÑее, Ñем Ð¼Ñ "
+"могли иÑпÑавлÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ. Так ÑÑо Ñ ÑвеÑен, ÑÑо
Ð²Ñ ÑлÑÑали многиÑ
лÑдей, "
+"говоÑÑÑиÑ
о Linux как об опеÑаÑионной
ÑиÑÑеме, опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑеме, оÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ñ "
+"коÑоÑой беÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ñало в 1984 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´
названием “пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ "
+"GNU”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, this clearly isn't right. This system isn't Linux; it contains Linux, "
+"Linux is the kernel, but the system as a whole is basically GNU. So I ask "
+"you: please don't call it Linux. If you call it Linux, you're giving Linus "
+"Torvalds credit for our work. Now, he contributed one important piece of the "
+"system, but he didn't contribute the biggest part and the overall vision was "
+"there long before he got involved. We started developing the system when he "
+"was in junior high school. So please give us equal mention; surely we "
+"deserve at least that. You can do that by calling the system GNU/Linux, or "
+"GNU+Linux, or GNU&Linux, whichever punctuation mark you feel expresses "
+"it best."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, ÑÑо Ñвно непÑавилÑно. ÐÑа
ÑиÑÑема — не Linux; она "
+"ÑодеÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ Linux, Linux — ÑÑо ÑдÑо, но
ÑиÑÑема в Ñелом — "
+"ÑÑо в оÑновном GNU. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñ: не
назÑвайÑе ее, пожалÑйÑÑа, “"
+"Linux”. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð·ÑваеÑе ее “Linux”, вÑ
вÑÑажаеÑе ÐинÑÑÑ "
+"ТоÑвалÑдÑÑ Ð¿ÑизнаÑелÑноÑÑÑ Ð·Ð° наÑÑ
ÑабоÑÑ. Так воÑ,он Ð²Ð½ÐµÑ Ð² ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¸Ð· "
+"важнÑÑ
ÑаÑÑей, но он Ð²Ð½ÐµÑ Ð½Ðµ ÑамÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÑÑ
ÑаÑÑÑ, и обÑий план поÑвилÑÑ "
+"задолго до Ñого, как он пÑинÑл в ÑÑом
ÑÑаÑÑие. ÐÑ Ð½Ð°Ñали ÑазÑабаÑÑваÑÑ "
+"ÑиÑÑемÑ, когда он бÑл в ÑÑедней Ñколе. Так
ÑÑо ÑпоминайÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, "
+"ÑавнÑм обÑазом и о наÑ; ÑÑо Ñамое малое,
Ñего Ð¼Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ·ÑÑловно заÑлÑживаем. ÐÑ "
+"можеÑе ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑо, назÑÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU/Linux,
GNU+Linux или GNU&"
+"Linux — поÑÑавÑÑе лÑбой знак
пÑепинаниÑ, какой, по ваÑим "
+"оÑÑÑениÑм, вÑÑÐ°Ð¶Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑо наилÑÑÑим
обÑазом."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[<a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html\";>http://www.gnu.org/";
+"gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html</a>]"
+msgstr ""
+"[<a href=\"/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html\">http://www.gnu.org/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.";
+"html</a>]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, of course, part of the reason why I'm asking for this is that we "
+"deserve credit, but that's not really a very important thing. If it were "
+"just a matter of credit, it wouldn't be worth making a fuss about. But there "
+"more at stake here. You see, when people think that the system is Linux, "
+"they then assume incorrectly that it was mainly developed and started by "
+"Linus Torvalds and then they assume incorrectly that the overall vision came "
+"from him, so they look at his vision and follow that. Now, his vision is "
+"apolitical. He's not motivated to fight for freedom. He doesn't believe that "
+"computer users deserve the freedom to share and change software. He has "
+"never supported our philosophy. Well, he has a right to his views and the "
+"fact that he disagrees with us doesn't reduce the value of his contribution."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, конеÑно, ÑаÑÑиÑно Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑ Ð¾Ð± ÑÑом
поÑомÑ, ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑлÑживаем "
+"пÑизнаÑелÑноÑÑи, но на Ñамом деле ÑÑо не
оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ð¾. ÐÑли Ð±Ñ ÑÑо бÑл пÑоÑÑо "
+"вопÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÑизнаниÑ, об ÑÑом не ÑÑоило бÑ
поднимаÑÑ ÑÑолÑко ÑÑма. Ðо здеÑÑ "
+"ÑеÑаеÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑÑо болÑÑее. ÐонимаеÑе, когда
лÑди дÑмаÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑиÑÑема "
+"— ÑÑо Linux, Ñогда они невеÑно
пÑедполагаÑÑ, ÑÑо план вÑей ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"иÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾, Ñак ÑÑо они оглÑдÑваÑÑÑÑ
на его ÑоÑÐºÑ Ð·ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑледÑÑÑ ÐµÐ¹. "
+"Так воÑ, его ÑоÑка зÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑиÑна. Ðн
моÑивиÑÑеÑÑÑ Ð½Ðµ боÑÑбой за ÑвободÑ. "
+"Ðн не веÑиÑ, ÑÑо полÑзоваÑели компÑÑÑеÑов
заÑлÑживаÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ "
+"изменÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ. Ðн никогда не
поддеÑживал наÑÑ ÑилоÑоÑиÑ. ХоÑоÑо, Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ "
+"еÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñаво на Ñвои взглÑдÑ, и ÑÐ¾Ñ ÑакÑ, ÑÑо
он не ÑоглаÑен Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸, не "
+"ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶Ð°ÐµÑ ÑенноÑÑи его вклада."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The reason we have the GNU+Linux system is because of a many-year campaign "
+"for freedom. We in the GNU Project didn't develop Linux, just as we didn't "
+"develop X, or TeX, or various other free programs that are now important "
+"parts of the system. But people who didn't share our values, who weren't "
+"motivated by the determination to live in freedom, would have seen no reason "
+"to aim for a complete system, and they would never have done so, and never "
+"have produced such a thing, if not for us."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑиÑина, по коÑоÑой Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÑиÑÑема
GNU+Linux, заклÑÑаеÑÑÑ Ð² многолеÑней "
+"боÑÑбе за ÑвободÑ. РпÑоекÑе GNU Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ
ÑазÑабаÑÑвали Linux, ÑоÑно Ñак же, "
+"как Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑазÑабаÑÑвали X, TeX или ÑазнÑе
дÑÑгие ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, "
+"коÑоÑÑе ÑейÑÐ°Ñ ÑоÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ñе ÑаÑÑи
ÑиÑÑемÑ. Ðо лÑдÑм, коÑоÑÑе не "
+"ÑазделÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑиÑ
ÑенноÑÑей, коÑоÑÑе не
моÑивиÑовалиÑÑ ÑеÑимоÑÑÑÑ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑ "
+"Ñвободно, незаÑем бÑло Ð±Ñ ÑÑавиÑÑ Ñебе
ÑелÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, и они "
+"никогда Ð±Ñ ÑÑого не Ñделали и никогда бÑ
не пÑоизвели Ñакой ÑиÑÑемÑ, Ñазве "
+"ÑÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But this tends to be forgotten nowadays. You will see, if you look around, "
+"most of the discussion of the GNU system calls it Linux, and tends to refer "
+"to it as \"open source\" rather than as \"free software\", and doesn't "
+"mention freedom as an issue. This issue, which is the reason for the "
+"system's existence, is mostly forgotten. You see many techies who prefer to "
+"think of technical questions in a narrowly technical context, without "
+"looking beyond at social effects of their technical decisions. Whether the "
+"software tramples your freedom or respects your freedom, that's part of the "
+"social context. That's exactly what techies tend to forget or devalue."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо в наÑи дни об ÑÑом забÑваÑÑ. ÐÑ ÑвидиÑе,
еÑли оглÑнеÑеÑÑ Ð²Ð¾ÐºÑÑг, ÑÑо в "
+"болÑÑинÑÑве обÑÑждений ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ GNU
назÑваÑÑ “Linux” и обÑÑно "
+"ÑÑÑлаÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° нее как на “оÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ”, а не “"
+"ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммє, и не ÑпоминаÑÑ
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº пÑоблемÑ. Ðб ÑÑой "
+"пÑоблеме, в коÑоÑой заклÑÑаеÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑиÑина
ÑÑÑеÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑ, по болÑÑей "
+"ÑаÑÑи забÑваÑÑ. ÐÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸Ñе множеÑÑво
ÑпеÑиалиÑÑов, коÑоÑÑе пÑедпоÑиÑаÑÑ "
+"дÑмаÑÑ Ð¾ ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑкиÑ
вопÑоÑаÑ
в Ñзко ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑком конÑекÑÑе, не заглÑдÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ð·Ð° "
+"ниÑ
, на ÑоÑиалÑнÑе поÑледÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ñ
ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑкиÑ
ÑеÑений. ÐопиÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑогÑамма "
+"ваÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑÐ²Ð°Ð¶Ð°ÐµÑ ÐµÐµ — ÑÑо
ÑаÑÑÑ ÑоÑиалÑного конÑекÑÑа. "
+"ÐÑо Ñовно Ñо, ÑÑо ÑпеÑиалиÑÑÑ ÑклоннÑ
забÑваÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ пÑинижаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We have to work constantly to remind people to pay attention to freedom and, "
+"unfortunately, while we keep doing this, the users of our system often don't "
+"pay attention because they don't know it's our system. They don't know it's "
+"the GNU system, they think it's Linux. And that's why it makes a real "
+"difference if you remind people where the system came from."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðам нÑжно поÑÑоÑнно ÑабоÑаÑÑ, ÑÑобÑ
напоминаÑÑ Ð»ÑдÑм о Ñом, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ "
+"ÑделÑли Ñвободе внимание, и к ÑожалениÑ, в
Ñо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ñодолжаем делаÑÑ "
+"ÑÑо, полÑзоваÑели наÑей ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑаÑÑо не
обÑаÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑо вниманиÑ, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑÑо они не знаÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо наÑа ÑиÑÑема. Ðни
не знаÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо ÑиÑÑема GNU, "
+"они дÑмаÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо Linux. ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑовÑем
не безÑазлиÑно, бÑдеÑе ли Ð²Ñ "
+"напоминаÑÑ Ð»ÑдÑм, оÑкÑда поÑла ÑÑа
ÑиÑÑема."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"People will say to me that it doesn't look good to ask for credit. Well, "
+"I'm not asking for credit for me personally; I'm asking for credit for the "
+"GNU Project, which includes thousands of developers. But they are right, "
+"it's true: people who are looking for some reason to see evil can see evil "
+"in that. So they go on and say, \"you should let it drop, and when people "
+"call the system Linux, you can smile to yourself and take pride in a job "
+"well done.\" That would be very wise advice if the assumption were correct: "
+"the assumption that the job is done."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑди мне ÑкажÑÑ, ÑÑо пÑоÑиÑÑ Ð¾
пÑизнаÑелÑноÑÑи некÑаÑиво. Так воÑ, Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑ
о "
+"пÑизнаÑелÑноÑÑи не Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñно; Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑ
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU, коÑоÑÑй "
+"обÑединÑÐµÑ ÑÑÑÑÑи ÑазÑабоÑÑиков. Ðо они
пÑÐ°Ð²Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð² Ñем: лÑди, коÑоÑÑе иÑÑÑ "
+"повода найÑи зло, ÑвидÑÑ Ð² ÑÑом зло. Так
ÑÑо они пÑодолжаÑÑ Ð¸ говоÑÑÑ: "
+"“Ðам ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑÑÑиÑÑ ÑÑо на ÑамоÑек, а
когда лÑди назÑваÑÑ ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"“Linux”, Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе в дÑÑе ÑлÑбаÑÑÑÑ Ð¸
гоÑдиÑÑÑÑ Ñ
оÑоÑо "
+"пÑоделанной ÑабоÑой”. ÐÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑ Ð±Ñл бÑ
оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼ÑдÑ, еÑли Ð±Ñ "
+"пÑедположение бÑло веÑно: пÑедположение,
ÑÑо ÑабоÑа пÑоделана."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We've made a great beginning, but that's all. We haven't finished the job. "
+"We will have finished the job when every computer is running a free "
+"operating system and free application programs exclusively. The job is to "
+"liberate the inhabitants of cyberspace. We've made a great beginning; we've "
+"developed free operating systems and free GUI desktops and free office "
+"suites and there are now tens of millions of users of these. But there are "
+"hundreds of millions of users of proprietary systems, so we have a long way "
+"to go. And, despite this wide range of free software, there are still a lot "
+"of application things that there is no free software to do; so we have a lot "
+"more work ahead of us."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ Ð¾ÑлиÑно наÑали, но и ÑолÑко. РабоÑÑ Ð¼Ñ
не завеÑÑили. ÐÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÑÑим ÑабоÑÑ, "
+"когда каждÑй компÑÑÑÐµÑ Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑабоÑаÑÑ
иÑклÑÑиÑелÑно под ÑпÑавлением "
+"Ñвободной опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑикладнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм. РабоÑа "
+"ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² оÑвобождении обиÑаÑелей
кибеÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑва. ÐÑ Ð¾ÑлиÑно наÑали; Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑазÑабоÑали ÑвободнÑе опеÑаÑионнÑе
ÑиÑÑемÑ, ÑвободнÑе гÑаÑиÑеÑкие ÑÑедÑ, "
+"ÑвободнÑе набоÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ð½ÑелÑÑÑкиÑ
пÑогÑамм, и
ÑепеÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
еÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑÑÑки "
+"миллионов полÑзоваÑелей. Ðо еÑÑÑ ÑоÑни
миллионов полÑзоваÑелей неÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"ÑиÑÑем, Ñак ÑÑо нам пÑедÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ пÑÑÑ.
РнеÑмоÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑиÑокий ÑпекÑÑ "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, по-пÑÐµÐ¶Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ
множеÑÑво пÑиложений, Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑÑÑ
Ð½ÐµÑ "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм; Ñак ÑÑо впеÑеди Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ
еÑе гоÑаздо болÑÑе ÑабоÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We've come in view of finishing the job, you know. Maybe we're only one "
+"order of magnitude away, having come through many orders of magnitude. But "
+"that doesn't mean that what's left is easy. And today we have something that "
+"we didn't have before: we have enemies; powerful, rich enemies, powerful "
+"enough to buy governments."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐонимаеÑе, нам ÑÑал виден ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐµÑ ÑабоÑÑ.
ÐÐ¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ, Ð¼Ñ Ð¾ÑÑÑоим Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ на "
+"один поÑÑдок по велиÑине, пÑÐ¾Ð¹Ð´Ñ ÑеÑез
много поÑÑдков. Ðо ÑÑо не знаÑиÑ, ÑÑо "
+"Ñо, ÑÑо оÑÑалоÑÑ, легко. Ð ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ
еÑÑÑ Ñо, Ñего не бÑло ÑанÑÑе: Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"еÑÑÑ Ð²Ñаги — могÑÑеÑÑвеннÑе, богаÑÑе
вÑаги, доÑÑаÑоÑно "
+"могÑÑеÑÑвеннÑе, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÐºÑпаÑÑ
пÑавиÑелÑÑÑва."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "18. Enemies of free software"
+msgstr "18. ÐÑаги ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"At the beginning, GNU and the free software movement had no enemies. There "
+"were people who weren't interested, lots of them, but nobody was actively "
+"trying to stop us from developing and releasing a free operating system. "
+"Nowadays, they are trying to stop us and the main obstacle we face is this, "
+"rather than the work itself."
+msgstr ""
+"СнаÑала Ñ GNU и Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð° ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ñагов не бÑло. ÐÑли лÑди, "
+"не пÑоÑвлÑвÑие инÑеÑеÑа,— ÑакиÑ
бÑло
много,— но никÑо не пÑÑалÑÑ "
+"акÑивно помеÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ ÑазÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð¸
вÑпÑÑÑиÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ. "
+"Ð¡ÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ пÑÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑаÑÑ, и главное
пÑепÑÑÑÑвие, ÑÑоÑÑее пеÑед нами, "
+"заклÑÑаеÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÑом, а не в Ñамой ÑабоÑе."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In the US, there are two different laws that prohibit various kinds of free "
+"software."
+msgstr ""
+"РСШРеÑÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ð° ÑазнÑÑ
закона, коÑоÑÑе
запÑеÑаÑÑ ÑазлиÑнÑе Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ñ ÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"One of them is the DMCA, which has been used to prohibit the free software "
+"to play a DVD. If you buy a DVD, it's lawful for you to view it in your "
+"computer, but the free software that would enable you to do this on your GNU/"
+"Linux system has been censored in the US. Now, this affects a fairly narrow "
+"range of software: software to view encrypted media. But many users may want "
+"to do that, and if they can't do that with free software, they may take that "
+"as a reason to use non-free software, if they don't value their freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðдин из ниÑ
— Ðакон об авÑоÑÑком
пÑаве ÑиÑÑового ÑÑÑÑÑелеÑиÑ, "
+"коÑоÑÑй иÑполÑзовалÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑеÑа
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм воÑпÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ DVD. "
+"ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÑпаеÑе DVD, закон ÑазÑеÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼
пÑоÑмаÑÑиваÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ на ваÑем "
+"компÑÑÑеÑе, но на ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ,
коÑоÑÑе позволили Ð±Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ ÑÑо делаÑÑ "
+"на ваÑей ÑиÑÑеме GNU/Linux, в СШРбÑла наложена
ÑензÑÑа. Так воÑ, ÑÑо "
+"каÑаеÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñно Ñзкого ÑпекÑÑа
пÑогÑамм: пÑогÑамм Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑмоÑÑа "
+"заÑиÑÑованнÑÑ
ноÑиÑелей. Ðо многие
полÑзоваÑели Ñ
оÑели Ð±Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо, и еÑли "
+"они не могÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, они могÑÑ ÑмоÑÑеÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
+"ÑÑо как на повод воÑполÑзоваÑÑÑÑ
неÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами, еÑли они не
ÑенÑÑ "
+"Ñвоей ÑвободÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But the big danger comes from patent law, because the US allows software "
+"ideas to be patented. Now, writing a non-trivial program means combining "
+"hundreds of different ideas. It's very hard to do that if any one of those "
+"ideas might be someone's monopoly. It makes software development like "
+"crossing a mine field, because at each design decision, probably nothing "
+"happens to you, but there's a certain chance that you will step on a patent "
+"and it will blow up your project. And, considering how many steps you have "
+"to take, that adds up into a serious problem. We have a long list of "
+"features that free software packages don't have, because we're scared to "
+"implement them."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо по-наÑÑоÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑноÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð· паÑенÑного пÑава, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо "
+"СШРпозволÑÐµÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑоваÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммнÑе
идеи. Так воÑ, ÑоÑÑавление "
+"неÑÑивиалÑной пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑазÑмеваеÑ
комбиниÑование ÑоÑен ÑазлиÑнÑÑ
идей. "
+"ÐелаÑÑ ÑÑо оÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÑдно, еÑли лÑÐ±Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð· ÑÑиÑ
идей Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑÑей-Ñо "
+"монополией. ÐÑо Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ ÑазÑабоÑкÑ
пÑогÑамм поÑ
ожей на пеÑеÑеÑение минного "
+"полÑ, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо пÑи каждом
конÑÑÑÑкÑивном ÑеÑении Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸, веÑоÑÑно,
ниÑего "
+"не ÑлÑÑиÑÑÑ, но еÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÑеделеннÑй ÑанÑ,
ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÑпиÑе на паÑенÑ, и Ð²Ð°Ñ "
+"пÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ Ð½Ð° нем подоÑвеÑÑÑ. Ð, ÑÑиÑÑÐ²Ð°Ñ Ñо,
как много Ñагов вам пÑидеÑÑÑ "
+"ÑделаÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑммиÑÑеÑÑÑ Ð² ÑеÑÑезнÑÑ
пÑоблемÑ. У Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ñй ÑпиÑок "
+"ÑÑнкÑий, оÑÑÑÑÑÑвÑÑÑиÑ
в пакеÑаÑ
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм из-за Ñого, ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ "
+"опаÑаемÑÑ ÑеализовÑваÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[<a href=\"http://endsoftpatents.org\";>http://endsoftpatents.org</a>]"
+msgstr "[<a href=\"http://endsoftpatents.org\";>http://endsoftpatents.org</a>]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And now, the FCC is considering applying the broadcast flag regulation to "
+"software. The FCC adopted a regulation {prohibiting digital TV tuners "
+"unless} requiring digital TV tuners to have a mechanism to block copying and "
+"this has to be tamper-resistant, meaning it can't be implemented in free "
+"software. They haven't finished deciding whether this applies to software or "
+"not, but if they do, they will have prohibited GNU Radio, which is free "
+"software that can decode digital TV broadcasts."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð ÑепеÑÑ Ð² FCC обÑÑждаеÑÑÑ ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанение
ноÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¾ ÑиÑоковеÑаÑелÑном Ñлаге "
+"на пÑогÑаммÑ. FCC пÑинÑла ноÑмÑ, в коÑоÑой
ÑÑебÑеÑÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð² ÑиÑÑовÑÑ
"
+"ÑелевизионнÑÑ
пÑиемникаÑ
бÑл меÑ
анизм
пÑоÑиводейÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑованиÑ, и ÑÑо "
+"должно бÑÑÑ ÑÑÑойÑиво к
неÑанкÑиониÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑиÑÑемÑ,
ÑÑо ознаÑÐ°ÐµÑ "
+"невозможноÑÑÑ ÑеализаÑии в виде ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм. Ðни еÑе не до конÑа "
+"ÑеÑили о Ñом, ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑеÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ ÑÑо на
пÑогÑаммÑ, но еÑли ÑеÑение бÑÐ´ÐµÑ "
+"положиÑелÑнÑм, Ñо ÑÑо бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð° GNU
Radio — ÑвободнÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð´ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑоваÑÑ
ÑиÑÑовÑе ÑелепеÑедаÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Then, there's the threat from hardware that has secret specifications or is "
+"designed to interfere with the user's control. Nowadays there are many "
+"pieces of hardware you can get for your PC whose specifications are secret. "
+"They'll sell you the hardware, but they won't tell you how to run it. So how "
+"do we write free software to run it? Well, we either have to figure out the "
+"specs by reverse engineering or we have to put market pressure on those "
+"companies. And in both cases, we are weakened by the fact that so many of "
+"the users of GNU/Linux don't know why this system was developed and have "
+"never heard of these ideas that I'm telling you today. And the reason is "
+"that, when they hear about the system, they hear it called Linux and it's "
+"associated with the apolitical philosophy of Linus Torvalds."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðалее, еÑÑÑ ÑгÑоза, иÑÑ
одÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ñ
аппаÑаÑÑÑÑ, ÑпеÑиÑикаÑии коÑоÑой ÑекÑеÑÐ½Ñ "
+"или коÑоÑÐ°Ñ ÑпÑоекÑиÑована, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑаÑÑ
конÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ аппаÑаÑÑÑой Ñо ÑÑоÑÐ¾Ð½Ñ "
+"полÑзоваÑелÑ. Ð¡ÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑое
колиÑеÑÑво аппаÑаÑÑÑÑ, коÑоÑÑÑ Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе "
+"доÑÑаÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑвоиÑ
пеÑÑоналÑнÑÑ
компÑÑÑеÑов и ÑпеÑиÑикаÑии коÑоÑой
ÑекÑеÑнÑ. "
+"Ðам пÑодаÑÑ Ð°Ð¿Ð¿Ð°ÑаÑÑÑÑ, но вам не говоÑÑÑ,
как Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ ÑабоÑаÑÑ. Так как же "
+"нам пиÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑабоÑÑ
Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¹? ÐÑак, нам пÑиÑ
одиÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð±Ð¾ "
+"вÑÑÑнÑÑÑ ÑпеÑиÑикаÑии Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑаÑной
ÑазÑабоÑки, либо оказÑваÑÑ ÑÑноÑное "
+"давление на ÑÑи компании. Рв обоиÑ
ÑлÑÑаÑÑ
Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑлаблÑÐµÑ ÑакÑ, ÑÑо Ñак "
+"много полÑзоваÑелей GNU/Linux не знаÑÑ, поÑемÑ
бÑла ÑазÑабоÑана ÑÑа ÑиÑÑема, "
+"и никогда не ÑлÑÑали об идеÑÑ
, о коÑоÑÑÑ
Ñ
вам ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ ÑаÑÑказÑваÑ. РвÑе "
+"поÑомÑ, ÑÑо когда они ÑлÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ð± ÑÑой
ÑиÑÑеме, они ÑлÑÑаÑ, ÑÑо ее назÑваÑÑ "
+"“Linux”, и она аÑÑоÑииÑÑеÑÑÑ Ñ
аполиÑиÑной ÑилоÑоÑией ÐинÑÑа "
+"ТоÑвалÑдÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Linus Torvalds is still working on developing Linux. {which is, you know} "
+"Developing the kernel was an important contribution to our community. At the "
+"same time, he is setting a very public bad example by using a non-free "
+"program to do the job. Now, if he were using a non-free program privately, I "
+"would never even have heard about it and I wouldn't make a fuss about it. "
+"But by inviting the other people who work on Linux to use it with him, he's "
+"setting a very public example legitimizing the use of non-free software. So "
+"when people see that, you know, if they think that's okay, they can't "
+"possibly believe that non-free software is bad. So then, when these "
+"companies say, \"yes, {we support} our hardware supports Linux, here is this "
+"binary-only driver you can install, and then it will work,\" these people "
+"see nothing wrong in that, so they don't apply their market pressure and "
+"they don't feel motivated to help in reverse engineering."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐинÑÑ Ð¢Ð¾ÑвалÑÐ´Ñ Ð´Ð¾ ÑиÑ
Ð¿Ð¾Ñ ÑабоÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´
ÑазвиÑием Linux. РазÑабоÑка ÑдÑа "
+"бÑла важнÑм вкладом в наÑе ÑообÑеÑÑво. Ð
Ñо же вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾Ð½ показал оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¼ "
+"плоÑ
ой пÑимеÑ, полÑзÑÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑвободной
пÑогÑаммой в Ñвоей ÑабоÑе. Так воÑ, "
+"еÑли Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½ полÑзовалÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑвободной
пÑогÑаммой ÑаÑÑнÑм поÑÑдком, Ñ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° Ð±Ñ "
+"даже не ÑÑлÑÑал об ÑÑом, и Ñ Ð½Ðµ поднимал бÑ
вокÑÑг ÑÑого Ñакого ÑÑма. Ðо "
+"пÑиглаÑÐ°Ñ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
лÑдей, ÑабоÑавÑиÑ
над
Linux, полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÐµÑ Ð²Ð¼ÐµÑÑе Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð¼, "
+"он показÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¼ пÑимеÑ,
ÑÐ·Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñименение неÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамм. Так ÑÑо когда лÑди ÑÑо видÑÑ, Ñак
ÑказаÑÑ, еÑли они дÑмаÑÑ, ÑÑо "
+"ÑÑо допÑÑÑимо, они не могÑÑ ÑÑиÑаÑÑ, ÑÑо
неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾Ñ
и. Ð Ð²Ð¾Ñ "
+"когда ÑÑи компании говоÑÑÑ: “Ðа, наÑа
аппаÑаÑÑÑа поддеÑÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Linux, "
+"Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ дÑÐ°Ð¹Ð²ÐµÑ Ð² двоиÑном виде, коÑоÑÑй
Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе ÑÑÑановиÑÑ, и Ñогда она "
+"бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑабоÑаÑÑ”,— ÑÑи лÑди не видÑÑ Ð²
ÑÑом ниÑего плоÑ
ого, Ñак "
+"ÑÑо они не оÑвеÑаÑÑ Ñвоим ÑÑноÑнÑм
давлением и не оÑÑÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑебноÑÑи помоÑÑ "
+"в обÑаÑной ÑазÑабоÑке."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So when we face the various dangers that we must confront, we are weakened "
+"by the lack of resolve. Now, having strong motivation to fight for freedom "
+"won't guarantee that we win all of these fights, but it will sure help. It "
+"will make us try harder, and if we try harder, we'll win more of them."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, когда Ð¼Ñ ÑÑалкиваемÑÑ Ñ ÑазлиÑнÑми
опаÑноÑÑÑми, коÑоÑÑе Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ "
+"оÑÑажаÑÑ, Ð¼Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ»Ð°Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑаÑком
ÑеÑимоÑÑи. Так воÑ, ÑÑÑойÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑиваÑÐ¸Ñ "
+"к боÑÑбе за ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð½Ðµ гаÑанÑиÑÑеÑ, ÑÑо мÑ
вÑигÑаем вÑе ÑÑи ÑÑажениÑ, но "
+"она, безÑÑловно, поможеÑ. Ðна заÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ
бÑÑÑ ÑпоÑнее, а еÑли Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ñдем "
+"ÑпоÑнее, Ð¼Ñ Ð²ÑигÑаем болÑÑе ÑÑажений."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "19. Treacherous computing"
+msgstr "19. ÐÑедаÑелÑÑкие вÑÑиÑлениÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We are going to have to politically organize to keep from being completely "
+"prohibited from writing free software."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðам бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ
одимо полиÑиÑеÑки
оÑганизоваÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ не допÑÑкаÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ "
+"полноÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑеÑили пиÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Today, one of the most insidious threats to the future of free software "
+"comes from treacherous computing, which is a conspiracy of many large "
+"corporations. They call it \"trusted computing,\" but what do they mean by "
+"that? What they mean is that an application developer can trust your "
+"computer to obey him and disobey you. So, from your point of view, it's "
+"_treacherous computing_, because your computer won't obey you anymore. The "
+"purpose of this plan is that you won't control your computer."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð¡ÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð° из коваÑнейÑиÑ
ÑгÑоз
бÑдÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм иÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ "
+"пÑедаÑелÑÑкиÑ
вÑÑиÑлений, пÑедÑÑавлÑÑÑиÑ
Ñобой Ð·Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑÑва кÑÑпнÑÑ
"
+"коÑпоÑаÑий. Ðни назÑваÑÑ ÑÑо
“довеÑеннÑми вÑÑиÑлениÑми”, но ÑÑо "
+"они под ÑÑим подÑазÑмеваÑÑ? Ðни
подÑазÑмеваÑÑ, ÑÑо ÑазÑабоÑÑик пÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ "
+"Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑеÑÑ Ð² Ñом,
ÑÑо ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑинÑеÑÑÑ ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸ не "
+"подÑинÑеÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼. ÐÑак, Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñей ÑоÑки
зÑениÑ, ÑÑо <em>пÑедаÑелÑÑкие "
+"вÑÑиÑлениÑ</em>, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑеÑ
болÑÑе не бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ подÑинÑÑÑÑÑ. "
+"ÐÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½ пÑедназнаÑен Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²Ñ
болÑÑе не конÑÑолиÑовали Ñвой "
+"компÑÑÑеÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[<a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/can-you-trust.html\";> http://www.";
+"gnu.org/philosophy/can-you-trust.html</a>]"
+msgstr ""
+"[<a href=\"/philosophy/can-you-trust.html\">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/";
+"can-you-trust.html</a>]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And there are various different things that treacherous computing can be "
+"used to do, things like prohibit you from running any program that hasn't "
+"been authorized by the operating system developer. That's one thing they "
+"could do. But they may not feel they dare go that far. But another thing "
+"that they plan to do is to have data that's only available to a particular "
+"application. The idea is that an application will be able to write data in "
+"an encrypted form, such that it can only be decrypted by the same "
+"application, such that nobody else can independently write another program "
+"to access that data. And, of course, they would use that for limiting access "
+"to published works, you know, something to be a replacement for DVDs so that "
+"it would be not only illegal, but impossible to write the free software to "
+"play it."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑÑÑ ÑазлиÑнÑе веÑи, Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑÑÑ
могÑÑ
пÑименÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑедаÑелÑÑкие вÑÑиÑлениÑ, "
+"напÑимеÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑеÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ вÑполнÑÑÑ
лÑбÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, не ÑазÑеÑеннÑÑ "
+"ÑазÑабоÑÑиком опеÑаÑионной ÑиÑÑемÑ. ÐÑо
одно из Ñого, ÑÑо они могли Ð±Ñ "
+"делаÑÑ. Ðо они, возможно, не дÑмаÑÑ, ÑÑо
поÑмеÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ñи Ñак далеко. Ðо "
+"дÑÑгое, ÑÑо они планиÑÑÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ,— ÑÑо
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±Ñли даннÑе, доÑÑÑпнÑе "
+"ÑолÑко Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑного пÑиложениÑ. СмÑÑл
в Ñом, ÑÑо пÑиложение ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ "
+"запиÑÑваÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñе в заÑиÑÑованном виде
Ñак, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ могли бÑÑÑ "
+"ÑаÑÑиÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑолÑко ÑÑим же ÑамÑм
пÑиложением, Ñак ÑÑо никÑо дÑÑгой не мог "
+"Ð±Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ·Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ñимо напиÑаÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ
Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑпа к ÑÑим даннÑм. Ð "
+"конеÑно, они ÑÑали Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ ÑÑо длÑ
огÑаниÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑпа к опÑбликованнÑм "
+"пÑоизведениÑм, понимаеÑе, ÑÑо-Ñо взамен DVD,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±Ñло не ÑолÑко незаконно, "
+"но невозможно напиÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð¾ÑпÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑого."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But they don't have to stop at doing this to published data. They could do "
+"it to your data too. Imagine if treacherous computing is common in 10 years "
+"and Microsoft decides to come out with a new version of Word format that "
+"uses treacherous computing to encrypt your data. Then it would be impossible "
+"to write free software to read word files. Microsoft is trying every "
+"possible method to prevent us from having free software to read Word files. "
+"First, they switched to a secret Word format, so people had to try to figure "
+"out the format. Well, we more or less have figured it out. There are free "
+"programs that will read most Word files (not all)."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо ниÑÑо не заÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ñ
оÑÑановиÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°
пÑименении ÑÑого к опÑбликованнÑм "
+"даннÑм. Ðни могли Ð±Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо и Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñими
даннÑми. ÐÑедÑÑавÑÑе, ÑÑо ÑеÑез "
+"деÑÑÑÑ Ð»ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑедаÑелÑÑкие вÑÑиÑлениÑ
ÑÑанÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑнÑми и Microsoft ÑеÑÐ¸Ñ Ð²ÑйÑи "
+"Ñ Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ веÑÑией ÑоÑмаÑа Word, в коÑоÑой
пÑедаÑелÑÑкие вÑÑиÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑÑÑ "
+"Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑиÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð°ÑиÑ
даннÑÑ
. Тогда бÑдеÑ
невозможно напиÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñайлов Word. Microsoft
пÑобÑÐµÑ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ñй возможнÑй меÑод, "
+"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð½Ðµ допÑÑÑиÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±Ñла
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамма ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñайлов Word. "
+"Ðо-пеÑвÑÑ
, они пеÑеÑли на ÑекÑеÑнÑй ÑоÑмаÑ
Word, Ñак ÑÑо лÑдÑм пÑиÑ
одилоÑÑ "
+"вÑÑиÑлÑÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑоÑмаÑ. ÐÑ, Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ или
менее его вÑÑиÑлили. ÐÑÑÑ ÑвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÑе пÑоÑÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑинÑÑво
Ñайлов Word (но не вÑе)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"But then they came up with another idea. They said, \"let's use XML.\" Now "
+"here's what Microsoft means when they speak of using XML. The beginning of "
+"the file has a trivial thing that says \"this is XML and here comes binary "
+"Word format data,\" and then there's the binary Word format data and then "
+"there's something at the end that says, \"that was binary Word format data."
+"\" And they patented this. {so that... I'm not sure} I don't know exactly "
+"what the patent does and doesn't cover, but, you know, there are things we "
+"could do, either reading or writing that file format, probably they could "
+"try suing us about. And I'm sure that, if treacherous computing is available "
+"for them to use, they'll use that too."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо поÑом они наÑли новÑÑ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ. Ðни Ñказали:
“ÐавайÑе пÑименÑÑÑ "
+"XML”. Ð Ð²Ð¾Ñ ÑÑо Microsoft Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐµÑ Ð² видÑ, когда
говоÑиÑ, ÑÑо они "
+"пÑименÑÑÑ XML: в наÑале Ñайла еÑÑÑ
ÑÑивиалÑнÑй заголовок, в коÑоÑом Ñказано: "
+"“ÐÑо XML, а здеÑÑ ÑаÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñе в
двоиÑном ÑоÑмаÑе Word”,"
+"— а заÑем идÑÑ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñе в двоиÑном
ÑоÑмаÑе Word, а поÑом в конÑе ÑÑо-Ñо "
+"ÑказÑваеÑ: “ÐÑо бÑли даннÑе в двоиÑном
ÑоÑмаÑе Word”. Ð ÑÑо они "
+"запаÑенÑовали. Я в ÑоÑноÑÑи не знаÑ, на ÑÑо
ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑеÑÑÑ, а "
+"на ÑÑо — неÑ, но, как понимаеÑе, еÑÑÑ
веÑи, коÑоÑÑе Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ¼ "
+"делаÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð±Ð¾ пÑи ÑÑении, либо пÑи запиÑи
Ñайла в ÑÑом ÑоÑмаÑе, за ÑÑо они, "
+"веÑоÑÑно, могÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð² ÑÑд. Ð Ñ
ÑвеÑен, ÑÑо еÑли к иÑ
ÑÑлÑгам бÑдÑÑ "
+"пÑедаÑелÑÑкие вÑÑиÑлениÑ, Ñо они
воÑполÑзÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ ими."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"This is why we have a campaign to refuse to read Word files. Now there are "
+"many reasons you should refuse to read Word files. One is, they could have "
+"viruses in them. If someone sends you a Word file, you shouldn't look at it. "
+"But the point is, you shouldn't even try to look at it. Nowadays there are "
+"free programs that will read most Word files. But it's really better, "
+"better than trying to read the file is if you send a message back saying, "
+"\"please send that to me in a format that isn't secret. It's not a good idea "
+"to send people Word files.\" And the reason is, we have to overcome the "
+"tendency in society for people to use these secret formats for communication."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ñоводим кампаниÑ, в коÑоÑой
оÑказÑваемÑÑ ÑиÑаÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ñ Word. "
+"Так воÑ, еÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ пÑиÑин, по коÑоÑÑм вам
ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð¾ÑказÑваÑÑÑÑ ÑиÑаÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ñ "
+"Word. Ðдна из ниÑ
ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñом, ÑÑо в ниÑ
могли Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸ÑÑÑÑ. ÐÑли кÑо-Ñо "
+"пÑиÑÑÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ Ñайл Word, вам не ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð²
него заглÑдÑваÑÑ. Ðо ÑмÑÑл в Ñом, "
+"ÑÑо вам не ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ðµ пÑÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð² него
заглÑнÑÑÑ. СейÑÐ°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÑвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÑе пÑоÑÑÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑинÑÑво
Ñайлов Word. Ðо в дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи "
+"бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð³Ð¾Ñаздо лÑÑÑе, еÑли вмеÑÑо Ñого,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑиÑаÑÑ Ñайл, Ð²Ñ Ð¾ÑвеÑиÑе "
+"ÑообÑением Ñо Ñловами: “ÐожалÑйÑÑа,
пÑиÑлиÑе мне ÑÑо в неÑекÑеÑном "
+"ÑоÑмаÑе. ÐоÑÑлаÑÑ Ð»ÑдÑм ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð»Ñ Word —
плоÑ
Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ”. ÐÑо "
+"поÑомÑ, ÑÑо нам нÑжно пÑеодолеÑÑ
ÑенденÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÑекÑеÑнÑми
ÑоÑмаÑами "
+"Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑвÑзи в обÑеÑÑве."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We have to convince people to insist on publicly documented standard formats "
+"that everyone is free to implement. And Word format is the worst offender "
+"and so that's the best place to start. If somebody sends you a Word file, "
+"don't try to read it. Write back, saying \"you really shouldn't do that.\" "
+"And there's a page in www.gnu.org/philosophy which is good to reference. It "
+"gives an explanation of why this is an important issue."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðам нÑжно ÑбедиÑÑ Ð»Ñдей наÑÑаиваÑÑ Ð½Ð°
пÑблиÑно докÑменÑиÑованнÑÑ
ÑÑандаÑÑнÑÑ
"
+"ÑоÑмаÑаÑ
, коÑоÑÑе каждÑй волен
ÑеализоваÑÑ. ФоÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ Word — ÑамÑй "
+"злоÑÑнÑй наÑÑÑиÑелÑ, Ñак ÑÑо лÑÑÑе вÑего
наÑинаÑÑ Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾. ÐÑли кÑо-Ñо "
+"пÑиÑÑÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ Ñайл Word, не пÑÑайÑеÑÑ ÑиÑаÑÑ
его. ÐÑвеÑÑÑе Ñловами: “"
+"Ðам никак не ÑледÑÐµÑ ÑÑого делаÑÑ”. Рв
www.gnu.org/philosophy еÑÑÑ "
+"Ñ
оÑоÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑÑаниÑа Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑлок. Ðа ней дано
обÑÑÑнение Ñого, поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÑа "
+"пÑоблема важна."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[<a href=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html\";> http://";
+"www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</a>]"
+msgstr ""
+"[<a href=\"/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html\">http://www.gnu.org/";
+"philosophy/no-word-attachments.html</a>]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "20. Help GNU"
+msgstr "20. ÐомоÑÑ GNU"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, www.gnu.org is the website of the GNU Project. So you can go there for "
+"more information. In the /gnu directory you'll find the history and in the /"
+"philosophy directory you'll find articles about the philosophy of free "
+"software and in the /directory you'll find the Free Software Directory, "
+"which now lists over 3,000 usable free software packages that will run the "
+"on GNU/Linux system."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, www.gnu.org — ÑÐ°Ð¹Ñ Ð¿ÑоекÑа GNU. Так
ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе зайÑи "
+"ÑÑда за более подÑобной инÑоÑмаÑией. Ð
каÑалоге /gnu Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð´ÐµÑе иÑÑоÑиÑ, а в "
+"каÑалоге /philosophy Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð´ÐµÑе ÑÑаÑÑи по
ÑилоÑоÑии ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, а в "
+"каÑалоге /directory Ð²Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¹Ð´ÐµÑе ÐаÑалог
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, в коÑоÑом ÑейÑÐ°Ñ "
+"пеÑеÑиÑлено ÑвÑÑе 3000 гоÑовÑÑ
к пÑименениÑ
пакеÑов ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм, "
+"коÑоÑÑе бÑдÑÑ ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð² ÑиÑÑеме GNU/Linux."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[It is now over 6000, and located in directory.fsf.org]"
+msgstr "[СейÑÐ°Ñ Ð¸Ñ
ÑвÑÑе 6000, и они ÑаÑположенÑ
в directory.fsf.org]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, I'm about to close my speech, but before I do, I'd like to mention that "
+"I've got some stickers here to give away. These stickers show a flying gnu "
+"and a flying penguin, both rather unrealistic, but they're superheroes. And "
+"{I also have some things} if people don't mind, I've got some things I'm "
+"selling on behalf of the Free Software Foundation, so if you buy them, "
+"you're supporting us. I've got these buttons that say, \"ask me about free "
+"software -- it's all about freedom\" and I've got some GNU keyrings and GNU "
+"pins that are sort of pretty. So you can buy those. You can also support us "
+"by becoming an associate member. Now, you can do that just through our "
+"website, but I also have some cards you can have if you would like to join "
+"[right now]."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, Ð¼Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑÑ Ð¿ÑиближаеÑÑÑ Ðº конÑÑ, но
пеÑед завеÑÑением Ñ Ñ
оÑел Ð±Ñ "
+"ÑпомÑнÑÑÑ, ÑÑо Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ»ÐµÐ¹ÐºÐ¸ длÑ
ÑаздаÑи. Ðа ÑÑиÑ
наклейкаÑ
Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ñ "
+"леÑаÑÑий Ð³Ð½Ñ Ð¸ леÑаÑÑий пингвин, и ÑоÑ, и
дÑÑгой доволÑно неÑеалиÑÑиÑнÑ, но "
+"ÑÑо же ÑвеÑÑ
геÑои. РеÑли не бÑдеÑ
возÑажений, Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ðµ-ÑÑо на "
+"пÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñа Фонда Ñвободного
пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ, Ñак ÑÑо еÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"кÑпиÑе ÑÑо, Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑжиÑе наÑ. У Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ
Ð²Ð¾Ñ ÑÑи знаÑки Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑÑ “"
+"ÑпÑоÑи Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑаммаÑ
—
вÑе дело в Ñвободе”, "
+"бÑелоки и заколки Ñ GNU, доволÑно
ÑимпаÑиÑнÑе. Так ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе иÑ
кÑпиÑÑ. "
+"ÐÑ Ñакже можеÑе поддеÑжаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ñ, ÑÑав
Ñленом-паÑÑнеÑом. Так воÑ, Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе "
+"ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑо пÑоÑÑо на наÑем ÑайÑе, но Ñ
Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ñакже еÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑколÑко каÑÑоÑек, "
+"коÑоÑÑе Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе полÑÑиÑÑ, еÑли Ð²Ñ Ñ
оÑели
Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑиÑоединиÑÑÑÑ [пÑÑмо ÑейÑаÑ]."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "21. Saint Ignucius"
+msgstr "21. СвÑÑой ÐгнÑÑий"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So now I will close my speech by presenting my alter ego. See, people "
+"sometimes accuse me of having a \"holier than thou\" attitude. Now, I hope "
+"that's not true. I'm not going to condemn somebody just for not being as "
+"firmly committed as I am. I will try to encourage him to become more so, but "
+"that's different. So I don't think I really have a \"holier than thou\" "
+"attitude, but I have a holy attitude because I'm a saint; it's my job to be "
+"holy."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, ÑейÑÐ°Ñ Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑеÑÑ,
пÑедÑÑавив Ñвое вÑоÑое Ñ. ÐонимаеÑе, лÑди "
+"иногда обвинÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð² заноÑÑивоÑÑи. Так
воÑ, Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð´ÐµÑÑÑ, ÑÑо не веÑно. Я не "
+"ÑобиÑаÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð²Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾-Ñо ÑолÑко за Ñо,
ÑÑо ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐµ ÑвеÑд в ÑбеждениÑÑ
, "
+"Ñем Ñ. Я попÑÑаÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑизваÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÑаÑÑ
более ÑвеÑдÑм, но ÑÑо — "
+"дÑÑгое дело. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ðµ дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо Ñ
заноÑÑив, но Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ ÑклонноÑÑÑ Ðº "
+"ÑвÑÑоÑÑи, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ñ ÑвÑÑой; бÑÑÑ
ÑвÑÑÑм — Ð¼Ð¾Ñ ÑабоÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[Dons a black robe and a magnetic disk halo]"
+msgstr "[ÐблаÑаеÑÑÑ Ð² ÑеÑнÑÑ ÑÐ¸Ð·Ñ Ð¸ нимб из
магниÑного диÑка]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[Laughter, applause]"
+msgstr "[СмеÑ
, аплодиÑменÑÑ]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[Richard holds a laptop like a holy book and waves]"
+msgstr "[РиÑаÑд деÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑаÑивнÑй компÑÑÑеÑ
как ÑвÑÑое пиÑание и маÑеÑ]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I am Saint Ignucius of the Church of Emacs. I bless your computer, my child."
+msgstr ""
+"Я — ÑвÑÑой ÐгнÑÑий ÑеÑкви Emacs. Я
благоÑловлÑÑ Ñвой компÑÑÑеÑ, "
+"диÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ðµ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Emacs started out as a text editor which became a way of life for many "
+"computer users and then a religion. Does anyone know what the alt.religion."
+"emacs newsgroup was used for? I know it existed, but since I'd never read "
+"net news, I don't know what was said in it."
+msgstr ""
+"Emacs возник как ÑекÑÑовÑй ÑедакÑоÑ, коÑоÑÑй
ÑÑал обÑазом жизни многиÑ
"
+"полÑзоваÑелей компÑÑÑеÑов, а заÑем —
Ñелигией. ÐÐ½Ð°ÐµÑ ÐºÑо-нибÑдÑ, "
+"Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñего иÑполÑзовалаÑÑ Ð³ÑÑппа новоÑÑей
alt.religion.emacs? Я знаÑ, ÑÑо она "
+"бÑла, но поÑколÑÐºÑ Ñ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð° не ÑиÑал
ÑеÑевÑÑ
новоÑÑей, Ñ Ð½Ðµ знаÑ, о Ñем Ñам "
+"говоÑили."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"In any case, now we even have a great schism between two rival versions of "
+"Emacs, and we also have saints; no gods, though."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðо вÑÑком ÑлÑÑае, ÑейÑÐ°Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ
великий ÑаÑкол Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð²ÑÐ¼Ñ "
+"ÑопеÑниÑаÑÑими веÑÑиÑми Emacs, еÑÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¸
ÑвÑÑÑе; пÑавда, Ð½ÐµÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"To be a member of the Church of Emacs, you must recite the Confession of the "
+"Faith: you must say, \"There is no system but GNU, and Linux is one of its "
+"kernels.\""
+msgstr ""
+"ЧÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ñленом ÑеÑкви Emacs, Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ
повÑоÑÑÑÑ Ñимвол веÑÑ: Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ "
+"говоÑиÑÑ: “ÐÐµÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, кÑоме GNU, а
Linux — одно из ее "
+"Ñдеє."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The Church of Emacs has advantages compared with other churches I might "
+"name. To be a saint in the Church of Emacs does not require celibacy. So if "
+"you're looking for a church in which to be holy, you might consider ours."
+msgstr ""
+"У ÑеÑкви Emacs еÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑеимÑÑеÑÑва по
ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ Ð´ÑÑгими ÑеÑквÑми, коÑоÑÑе Ñ "
+"мог Ð±Ñ ÑпомÑнÑÑÑ. ЧÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑвÑÑÑм ÑеÑкви
Emacs, не ÑÑебÑеÑÑÑ ÑеломÑдÑиÑ. "
+"Так ÑÑо еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð¸ÑеÑе ÑеÑковÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑÑаÑÑ
в ней ÑвÑÑÑм, Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ Ð±Ñ "
+"подÑмаÑÑ Ð¾ наÑей."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"However, it does require making a commitment to live a life of moral purity. "
+"You must exorcise the evil proprietary operating systems that possess all "
+"the computers under either your practical control or your authority, and you "
+"must install a wholly [i.e., holy] free operating system, where \"wholly\" "
+"can be spelled in more than one way, and then only install free software on "
+"top of that. If you make this commitment and live by it, then you, too, will "
+"be a saint and you, too, may eventually have a halo -- if you can find one, "
+"because they don't make them anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðднако ÑеÑимоÑÑÑ Ð¶Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² нÑавÑÑвенной
ÑиÑÑоÑе Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑого необÑ
одима. ÐÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ "
+"изгнаÑÑ Ð·Ð»Ð¾ неÑвободнÑÑ
опеÑаÑионнÑÑ
ÑиÑÑем, коÑоÑÑе владеÑÑ Ð²Ñеми ваÑими "
+"компÑÑÑеÑами под ваÑим пÑакÑиÑеÑким
конÑÑолем, либо в ваÑем подÑинении, и Ð²Ñ "
+"Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ ÑÑÑановиÑÑ ÑиÑÑо (Ñ.е. пÑеÑиÑÑо)
ÑвободнÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑаÑионнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ, где "
+"“ÑиÑÑо-пÑеÑиÑÑо” можно понимаÑÑ Ð²
более Ñем одном ÑмÑÑле, а "
+"заÑем ÑÑÑанавливаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑ
нее ÑолÑко
ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"иÑполниÑеÑÑ ÑеÑимоÑÑи и пÑеÑвоÑиÑе ее в
жизнÑ, Ñо Ð²Ñ Ñоже бÑдеÑе ÑвÑÑÑми, и "
+"Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð°-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ñоже Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑвиÑÑÑÑ
нимб — еÑли Ð²Ñ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ "
+"ÑаздобÑдеÑе, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо иÑ
болÑÑе не
вÑпÑÑкаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Sometimes people ask me if, in the Church of Emacs, it is a sin to use Vi. "
+"Well, it's true that VI-VI-VI is the editor of the Beast, [laughter] but "
+"using a free version of Vi is not a sin, it's a penance."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðногда Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑпÑаÑиваÑÑ, не ÑÑиÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð»Ð¸
ÑеÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ Emacs гÑеÑ
ом полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ vi. "
+"Так воÑ, беÑÑпоÑно, VI-VI-VI — ÑÑо
ÑедакÑÐ¾Ñ ÐвеÑÑ [ÑмеÑ
], но "
+"полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ñвободной веÑÑией vi —
ÑÑо не гÑеÑ
, ÑÑо епиÑимÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And sometimes people ask me if my halo is really an old computer disk. "
+"[Points at halo] This is no computer disk, this is my halo. But it was a "
+"computer disk in a previous existence."
+msgstr ""
+"Риногда Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑпÑаÑиваÑÑ, дейÑÑвиÑелÑно
ли мой нимб ÑвлÑеÑÑÑ ÑÑаÑÑм "
+"компÑÑÑеÑнÑм диÑком [ÑказÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° нимб].
ÐÑо не компÑÑÑеÑнÑй диÑк, ÑÑо мой "
+"нимб. Ðо он бÑл компÑÑÑеÑнÑм диÑком в
пÑоÑлой жизни."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "So, thank you everyone."
+msgstr "ÐÑак, благодаÑÑ Ð·Ð° внимание."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "[Applause]"
+msgstr "[ÐплодиÑменÑÑ]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "22. About anonymity, credit cards, cell phones"
+msgstr "22. Ðб анонимноÑÑи, кÑедиÑнÑÑ
каÑÑаÑ
,
ÑоÑовÑÑ
ÑелеÑонаÑ
"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "So I can answer questions for a while."
+msgstr "ÐÑак, Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ пооÑвеÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð° вопÑоÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Yeah, do you know, or can you tell us why Linus Torvalds, "
+"who has very very different attitudes with yours, released Linux under your "
+"[unintelligible]? What motivated him?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. Ð Ð²Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÐµÑе, можеÑе вÑ
нам ÑказаÑÑ, поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐинÑÑ "
+"ТоÑвалÑдÑ, Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑоÑого оÑноÑение к ÑÑомÑ
оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑлиÑаеÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñего, "
+"вÑпÑÑÑил Linux под ваÑей [неÑазбоÑÑиво]? Чем
он ÑÑководÑÑвовалÑÑ?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> I don't know why Linus Torvalds switched to the GNU GPL for "
+"Linux. You'd have to ask him that. I don't recall ever seeing the reason for "
+"that. I don't know."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Я не знаÑ, поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐинÑÑ
ТоÑвалÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевел Linux на "
+"GNU GPL. ÐÑо нÑжно ÑпÑаÑиваÑÑ Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾. Я не
пÑипоминаÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð°-нибÑÐ´Ñ "
+"где-Ñо ÑиÑал об ÑÑом. Я не знаÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Can you say something about the current effort to put "
+"security in the network itself?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐожеÑе Ð²Ñ ÑказаÑÑ
ÑÑо-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð¾ нÑнеÑниÑ
ÑабоÑаÑ
"
+"по вÑÑÑÐ°Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑноÑÑи в ÑÐ°Ð¼Ñ ÑеÑÑ?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> I don't know... he said, \"efforts to plug security into the "
+"network.\" I don't know what that means."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Я не знаÑ... он Ñказал:
“РабоÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ вклÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ "
+"безопаÑноÑÑи в ÑеÑÑ”. Я не знаÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо
знаÑиÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> [unintelligible] remove anonymity from the network itself."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. [неÑазбоÑÑиво] ÑбÑаÑÑ
анонимноÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð· Ñамой ÑеÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Remove anonymity? Well, I don't know about those efforts, "
+"but I think it's horrible. I don't do e-commerce because I don't like to buy "
+"things with credit cards. I want to buy things anonymously and I do so by "
+"paying cash in a store. I don't like giving Big Brother any records about "
+"me. For the same reason, I do not have a cell phone. I don't want to carry a "
+"personal tracking device. We have to fight more to preserve our privacy from "
+"surveillance systems. So, although I'm not familiar with the specific "
+"efforts you're talking about, I find them dangerous, much more dangerous "
+"than computer insecurity. Now, perhaps that's because I'm not a Windows "
+"user; so I have less problem to deal with."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. УбÑаÑÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ? ÐÑ, Ñ
не Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð± ÑÑиÑ
ÑабоÑаÑ
, "
+"но дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо ÑжаÑно. Я не ÑÑаÑÑвÑÑ Ð²
ÑлекÑÑонной коммеÑÑии, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо "
+"Ñ Ð½Ðµ лÑÐ±Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÑпаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ кÑедиÑнÑм каÑÑам. Я
Ñ
оÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÑпаÑÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¾, и Ñ "
+"покÑÐ¿Ð°Ñ Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¾ в магазине за налиÑнÑе. Я
не лÑÐ±Ð»Ñ Ð¾ÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ð¡ÑаÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐÑаÑÑ "
+"лÑбÑÑ
запиÑей обо мне. Ðо ÑÑой же пÑиÑине Ñ
Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ ÑоÑового ÑелеÑона. Я не "
+"Ñ
оÑÑ Ð½Ð¾ÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÑоналÑное ÑледÑÑее
ÑÑÑÑойÑÑво. Ðам надо акÑивнее заÑиÑаÑÑ "
+"ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð»Ð¸ÑнÑÑ Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ñ ÑиÑÑем Ñлежки. ÐÑак, Ñ
оÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ðµ знаком Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑнÑми "
+"ÑабоÑами, о коÑоÑÑÑ
Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑе, Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ
ожÑ
ÑÑо опаÑнÑм, гоÑаздо более "
+"опаÑнÑм, Ñем недоÑÑаÑок безопаÑноÑÑи
компÑÑÑеÑов. Так воÑ, возможно, ÑÑо "
+"поÑомÑ, ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ðµ полÑзÑÑÑÑ Windows; Ñак ÑÑо Ñ
Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑе пÑоблем."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "23. Free formats, copyright, Microsoft"
+msgstr "23. СвободнÑе ÑоÑмаÑÑ, авÑоÑÑкие пÑава,
Microsoft"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> No, we can't. Basically he's asking if we can monopolize "
+"file formats. Well, the answer is, we can't do so using our copyright-based "
+"licenses, because copyright does not cover any idea, principle, method of "
+"operation or system; it only covers the details of expression of a work of "
+"authorship. So we can't, using our licenses like the GNU GPL, prohibit "
+"anyone from writing his own code to handle the same format."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐеÑ, не можем. Ðо ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑ
он ÑпÑаÑиваеÑ, можем ли "
+"Ð¼Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑоваÑÑ ÑоÑмаÑÑ Ñайлов. Так
воÑ, оÑÐ²ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ñ Ñаков: Ð¼Ñ "
+"не можем делаÑÑ ÑÑо Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ñензий,
оÑнованнÑÑ
на авÑоÑÑком пÑаве, "
+"поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо авÑоÑÑкое пÑаво не
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑеÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ на какие идеи,
пÑинÑипÑ, "
+"меÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ ÑабоÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑиÑÑемÑ; оно
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑеÑÑÑ ÑолÑко на вÑÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ "
+"авÑоÑÑкого пÑоизведениÑ. Так ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ
можем Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑакиÑ
ÑвоиÑ
лиÑензий, "
+"как GNU GPL, запÑеÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ñ Ñо ни бÑло
пиÑаÑÑ ÑобÑÑвеннÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"обÑабоÑки ÑÑого же Ñамого ÑоÑмаÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We could conceivably get patents; however, it turns out patents are very, "
+"very different from copyright; they have almost nothing in common, and it "
+"turns out it costs a lot of money to get a patent and even more money to "
+"keep the patent going. And the other thing is, {Microsoft doesn't need to "
+"get} you shouldn't assume that what Microsoft is getting a patent on is "
+"important because it's a big improvement. It just has to be different. "
+"Microsoft can get a patent on something about a file format that's different "
+"and then they can force most users to switch over to a new format that uses "
+"that idea. And Microsoft can do this because of its market power, its "
+"control."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ бÑ, навеÑное, полÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑÑ;
однако оказÑваеÑÑÑ, ÑÑо паÑенÑÑ "
+"оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑлиÑаÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑоÑÑкиÑ
пÑав; Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑи ниÑего обÑего, и "
+"оказÑваеÑÑÑ, ÑÑо полÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑоиÑ
болÑÑиÑ
денег, и еÑе болÑÑе денег "
+"ÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° обеÑпеÑение паÑенÑа. Ð Ñ Ð´ÑÑгой
ÑÑоÑонÑ, Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ "
+"пÑедполагаÑÑ, ÑÑо Ñо, на ÑÑо Microsoft полÑÑаеÑ
паÑенÑÑ, важно из-за Ñого, "
+"ÑÑо ÑÑо болÑÑое ÑлÑÑÑение. ÐÑо пÑоÑÑо
должно бÑÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгим. Microsoft Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ "
+"полÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÑо-нибÑдÑ, каÑаÑÑееÑÑ
ÑоÑмаÑа Ñайлов, коÑоÑÑе Ñем-Ñо "
+"оÑлиÑаÑÑÑÑ, а поÑом они могÑÑ Ð¿ÑинÑдиÑÑ
болÑÑинÑÑво полÑзоваÑелей пеÑейÑи на "
+"новÑй ÑоÑмаÑ, в коÑоÑом пÑименÑеÑÑÑ ÑÑа
идеÑ. Ð Microsoft Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо "
+"из-за Ñвоей влаÑÑи над ÑÑнком, из-за Ñого,
ÑÑо они его конÑÑолиÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"We can't do that. The whole thing about the free software is, the developers "
+"don't have any power; the users are in control. We can't force users to "
+"switch over to anything, not even for their own safety."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ ÑÑого не можем. ÐеÑÑ ÑмÑÑл ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñом, ÑÑо Ñ "
+"ÑазÑабоÑÑиков Ð½ÐµÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÑи; вÑе
конÑÑолиÑÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑми. ÐÑ Ð½Ðµ можем
"
+"пÑинÑждаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелей пеÑеÑ
одиÑÑ Ð½Ð°
ÑÑо Ð±Ñ Ñо ни бÑло, даже Ñади иÑ
"
+"ÑобÑÑвенной безопаÑноÑÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"You know, we've been trying since around 1992 or so to convince users to "
+"stop using GIF format, because that format is patented and some users will "
+"get sued. So we said, \"everybody please stop using GIF format for the sake "
+"of those who get sued if the public uses this format.\" And people haven't "
+"listened. So the thing is, we can't do what Microsoft does, because that's "
+"based on using the power that they have, and since we have chosen to respect "
+"people's freedom, we don't have power over the public."
+msgstr ""
+"Ðак Ð²Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÐµÑе, Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑÑалиÑÑ Ð¿ÑимеÑно
Ñ 1992 года ÑбедиÑÑ "
+"полÑзоваÑелей пÑекÑаÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ
ÑоÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ GIF, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑоÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ "
+"запаÑенÑован и некоÑоÑÑе полÑзоваÑели
попадÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ ÑÑд. Так ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñили: "
+"“ÐÑекÑаÑиÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, вÑе
полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÑоÑмаÑом GIF Ñади ÑеÑ
, на "
+"кого подадÑÑ Ð² ÑÑд, еÑли обÑеÑÑво бÑдеÑ
пÑименÑÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑоÑмає. Ð Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"не ÑлÑÑали. Так ÑÑо дело в Ñом, ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ
можем делаÑÑ Ñо, ÑÑо Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ "
+"Microsoft, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑÑо оÑновано на влаÑÑи,
коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
еÑÑÑ, а "
+"поÑколÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ñ ÑеÑили ÑважаÑÑ ÑвободÑ
лÑдей, Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÑи над обÑеÑÑвом."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "24. Dangers of webmail loss of freedom"
+msgstr "24. ÐпаÑноÑÑи пÑблиÑнÑÑ
ÑеÑвеÑов:
поÑеÑÑ ÑвободÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> So, when somebody's using Google, they don't have access to "
+"the source code that we use, so they have no way of [unintelligible] what we "
+"do, so using that violates their freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑак, когда кÑо-Ñо
полÑзÑеÑÑÑ Google, Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð½ÐµÑ "
+"доÑÑÑпа к иÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑекÑÑÑ Ñого, Ñем мÑ
полÑзÑемÑÑ, Ñак ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð½ÐµÑ "
+"ÑпоÑоба [неÑазбоÑÑиво] ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÐ¼, Ñак
ÑÑо полÑзование ÑÑим наÑÑÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð¸Ñ
"
+"ÑвободÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> When a person is accessing the Google server, they don't "
+"have either the binaries or the source code of the program that Google is "
+"using, because it's Google that's using the program; that person is not "
+"using the program. So I wouldn't expect to have the authority to change the "
+"software that's running on your computer. You should have the freedom to "
+"change the software that's running on your computer, but I would never "
+"expect that I would have the freedom to go into your computer and change the "
+"software there. Why should you let me do that? So that's the way I see it "
+"when a person is using Google server to do a search."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Ðогда Ñеловек
ÑвÑзÑваеÑÑÑ Ñ ÑеÑвеÑом Google, Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ³Ð¾ "
+"Ð½ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ двоиÑнÑÑ
Ñайлов, ни иÑÑ
одного
ÑекÑÑа пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑой полÑзÑеÑÑÑ "
+"Google, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑÑо Google полÑзÑеÑÑÑ Ñой
пÑогÑаммой; ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ñеловек не "
+"полÑзÑеÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммой. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑÑал
Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð¶Ð¸Ð´Ð°ÑÑ, ÑÑо он бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð²Ð¿Ñаве "
+"изменÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÑе ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°
ваÑем компÑÑÑеÑе. У Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ð° бÑÑÑ "
+"Ñвобода изменÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÑе
ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð° ваÑем компÑÑÑеÑе, но Ñ "
+"никогда не ожидал бÑ, ÑÑо Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±ÑдеÑ
Ñвобода зайÑи на Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑ Ð¸ "
+"поменÑÑÑ Ñам пÑогÑаммÑ. ÐоÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ
даваÑÑ Ð¼Ð½Ðµ делаÑÑ ÑÑо? Так ÑÑо Ð²Ð¾Ñ "
+"как Ñ ÑмоÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ñо, ÑÑо Ñеловек полÑзÑеÑÑÑ
ÑеÑвеÑом Google Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸Ñка."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, there is a possible danger there. The danger doesn't come from things "
+"like Google. The danger comes from things like Hotmail. When people start "
+"using a server on the net to store their data and to do the jobs that they "
+"really could be doing on their own computer, that introduces a danger. I've "
+"never understood the people who said that thin clients were the future, "
+"because I can't imagine why I would ever do things that way. I've got a PC "
+"and it's capable of doing things like running a mail reader; I'm going to "
+"have the mail on my own computer, I'm not going to leave it on anybody's "
+"server. Especially not a server I have no reason to trust. And these days, "
+"of course, if you allow your personal data to be on somebody's server, you "
+"might as well be handing it straight to Ashcroft and his gestapo."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, одна опаÑноÑÑÑ Ð·Ð´ÐµÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð°.
ÐпаÑноÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ð¾Ñ Google и ÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"подобнÑÑ
. ÐпаÑноÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑ
Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ Hotmail и емÑ
подобнÑÑ
. Ðогда лÑди наÑинаÑÑ "
+"полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ ÑеÑвеÑом в ÑеÑи Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñ
ÑанениÑ
ÑвоиÑ
даннÑÑ
и вÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑабоÑ, "
+"коÑоÑÑе они на Ñамом деле могли бÑ
вÑполнÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑвоиÑ
ÑобÑÑвеннÑÑ
"
+"компÑÑÑеÑаÑ
, ÑÑо вноÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑноÑÑÑ. Я
никогда не понимал лÑдей, коÑоÑÑе "
+"говоÑÑÑ, ÑÑо бÑдÑÑее — за Ñонкими
клиенÑами, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ "
+"Ñебе пÑедÑÑавиÑÑ, поÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ бÑ
когда-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо Ñаким обÑазом. У "
+"Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÑоналÑнÑй компÑÑÑеÑ, и он
ÑпоÑобен вÑполнÑÑÑ Ñакие задаÑи, как "
+"ÑÑение поÑÑÑ; поÑÑа Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð½Ð° моем
ÑобÑÑвенном компÑÑÑеÑе, Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
+"ÑобиÑаÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÑавлÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ на ÑÑем-Ñо ÑеÑвеÑе.
Тем более — на "
+"ÑеÑвеÑе, коÑоÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¾Ñнований
довеÑÑÑÑ. РконеÑно, еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð² наÑи "
+"дни позволÑеÑе Ñвоим лиÑнÑм даннÑм Ñ
ÑаниÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑем-Ñо ÑеÑвеÑе, Ñо Ð²Ñ Ñ Ñем "
+"же ÑÑпеÑ
ом могли Ð±Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑаÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
пÑÑмо
генеÑалÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑокÑÑоÑÑ Ð¡Ð¨Ð Ð¸ его "
+"геÑÑапо."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[RMS, 2010: Gmail is comparable to Hotmail in this regard. See also <a href="
+"\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html\";> "
+"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html</a> for "
+"another issue that applies to some, but not all, network services.]"
+msgstr ""
+"[РиÑаÑд СÑолмен, 2010: Gmail в ÑÑом оÑноÑении
ÑопоÑÑавим Ñ Hotmail. См. "
+"Ñакже <a href=\"/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html\">
http://";
+"www.gnu.org/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html</a>; Ñам "
+"опиÑана дÑÑÐ³Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблема, акÑÑалÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ
некоÑоÑÑÑ
, но не вÑеÑ
, ÑеÑевÑÑ
"
+"ÑлÑжб.]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "<b>AUDIENCE:</b> unintelligible"
+msgstr "<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. [неÑазбоÑÑиво]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> He's asking, \"if people were using a thin client and all "
+"the computation were done on a remote server.\" Yes, it does mean that "
+"people lose freedom, because, clearly, you can't change the software that's "
+"set up on somebody else's server, so if you're using the software on "
+"somebody else's server, instead of running it on your own computer, you lose "
+"control. Now, I don't think that's a good thing, and therefore I'm going to "
+"encourage people not to go along with it. People will keep on developing the "
+"software to do these jobs on your own machine."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Ðн ÑпÑаÑиваеÑ: “ÐÑли
Ð±Ñ Ð»Ñди полÑзовалиÑÑ "
+"Ñонким клиенÑом, а вÑе вÑÑиÑлениÑ
пÑоводилиÑÑ Ð½Ð° Ñдаленном ÑеÑвеÑе”. "
+"Ðа, ÑÑо дейÑÑвиÑелÑно знаÑиÑ, ÑÑо лÑди
ÑеÑÑÑÑ ÑвободÑ, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо, Ñами "
+"понимаеÑе, Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ можеÑе изменÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑÑе ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÑем-Ñо "
+"ÑÑжом ÑеÑвеÑе; вмеÑÑо Ñого, ÑÑобÑ
вÑполнÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
на Ñвоем компÑÑÑеÑе, Ð²Ñ "
+"ÑеÑÑеÑе конÑÑолÑ. Так воÑ, Ñ Ð½Ðµ дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо
ÑÑо Ñ
оÑоÑо, и Ñаким обÑазом, Ñ "
+"бÑÐ´Ñ Ð¿ÑизÑваÑÑ Ð»Ñдей не ÑвÑзÑваÑÑÑÑ Ñ
ÑÑим. ÐÑди бÑдÑÑ Ð¿ÑодолжаÑÑ "
+"ÑазÑабаÑÑваÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑполнениÑ
ÑÑиÑ
Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð° ваÑей ÑобÑÑвенной "
+"маÑине."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"{Leaving so soon? [Laughter] I hope it wasn't something I said. And gee, now "
+"I won't get to meet her. Anyway.}"
+msgstr ""
+"{Уже ÑÑ
одиÑе? [СмеÑ
] Я надеÑÑÑ, не поÑомÑ,
ÑÑо Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¾ ÑÑо-Ñо, ÑÑо Ñ "
+"Ñказал. ÐÑ Ð²Ð¾Ñ, наÑа вÑÑÑеÑа не ÑоÑÑоиÑÑÑ.
ÐÑ, да ладно.}"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "25. Copyright art vs. software"
+msgstr "25. ÐвÑоÑÑкие пÑава в иÑкÑÑÑÑве и
пÑогÑаммиÑовании"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Are the Creative Commons a different denomination of the "
+"same religion or a different religion?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ЯвлÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ Creative Commons
дÑÑгой веÑвÑÑ ÑÑой "
+"же Ñелигии или дÑÑгой Ñелигией?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> {Creative Commons} Well, first of all, this isn't a "
+"religion, except as a joke. The Church of Emacs is a joke. Please keep in "
+"mind, taking any church too seriously can be hazardous to your health, even "
+"the Church of Emacs. So this has nothing to do with religion."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑ, во-пеÑвÑÑ
, ÑÑо не
ÑелигиÑ, ÑÑо бÑла ÑÑÑка. "
+"ЦеÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ Emacs — ÑÑо ÑÑÑка. ÐмейÑе,
пожалÑйÑÑа, в видÑ, ÑÑо "
+"ÑлиÑком ÑеÑÑезное оÑноÑение к лÑбой
ÑеÑкви Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿Ð°Ñно Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñего "
+"здоÑовÑÑ, даже еÑли ÑÑо ÑеÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ñ Emacs. Так
ÑÑо ÑÐµÐ»Ð¸Ð³Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¸ пÑи Ñем."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"This is a matter of ethics. It's a matter of what makes for a good society "
+"and what kind of society we want to live in. These are not questions of "
+"dogma, these are questions of philosophy and politics."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑо вопÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÑики. ÐÑо вопÑÐ¾Ñ Ñого, ÑÑо Ñ
оÑоÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑеÑÑва и в какого Ñода "
+"обÑеÑÑве Ð¼Ñ Ñ
оÑим жиÑÑ. ÐÑо не вопÑоÑÑ
догмÑ, ÑÑо вопÑоÑÑ ÑилоÑоÑии и "
+"полиÑики."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"The Creative Commons licenses are designed for artistic works, and I think "
+"that they are good for artistic works. The issue for artistic works is not "
+"exactly the same as for software."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐиÑензии Creative Commons ÑоÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ
пÑоизведений иÑкÑÑÑÑва, и Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, "
+"ÑÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
они Ñ
оÑоÑи. ÐÑоблемаÑика
пÑоизведений иÑкÑÑÑÑва не ÑовÑем "
+"ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¿Ð°Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ Ñ Ð¿ÑоблемаÑикой пÑогÑамм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Software is an example of a practical, functional work. You use it do to a "
+"job. The main purpose of a program is not that people will read the code and "
+"think, \"boy, how fascinating, what a great job they did.\" The main purpose "
+"of software is, you run it and it does something. And yes, those people who "
+"are interested in software will also read it and learn, but that's not the "
+"main purpose. It's interesting because of the job it will do, not just "
+"because of how nice it is to read. Whereas with art, the main use of art is "
+"the sensation that you get when you look at it or listen to it. So these are "
+"very different ways of being used and, as a result, the ethical issues about "
+"copying and modification are different."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑедÑÑавлÑÑÑ Ñобой пÑимеÑ
пÑакÑиÑеÑкиÑ
, ÑÑнкÑионалÑнÑÑ
"
+"пÑоизведений. ÐÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзÑеÑеÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ длÑ
вÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑабоÑÑ. Ðлавное назнаÑение "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ðµ в Ñом, ÑÑо лÑди
ÑиÑаÑÑ ÐµÐµ ÑекÑÑ Ð¸ дÑмаÑÑ: “ÐÑ
ÑÑ, "
+"как ÑÑо здоÑово, какÑÑ Ð¾Ð½ пÑоделал
оÑлиÑнÑÑ ÑабоÑÑ”. Ðлавное "
+"назнаÑение пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ñом, ÑÑо вÑ
вÑполнÑеÑе ее, а она ÑÑо-Ñо "
+"делаеÑ. Ðа, Ñе, кÑо инÑеÑеÑÑеÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммиÑованием, бÑдÑÑ Ñакже ÑиÑаÑÑ ÐµÐµ и "
+"ÑÑиÑÑÑÑ, но ÑÑо — не главное
назнаÑение. Ðна пÑедÑÑавлÑÐµÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑеÑÐµÑ "
+"поÑомÑ, ÑÑо вÑполнÑÐµÑ ÑабоÑÑ, а не пÑоÑÑо
из-за Ñого, ÑÑо ее пÑиÑÑно ÑиÑаÑÑ. "
+"Ð Ñо вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº в иÑкÑÑÑÑве главное
пÑименение пÑоизведений — "
+"оÑÑÑениÑ, коÑоÑÑе Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑаеÑе, когда
ÑмоÑÑиÑе на ниÑ
или ÑлÑÑаеÑе иÑ
. Так "
+"ÑÑо ÑÑо оÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑазнÑе ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑименениÑ, и
как ÑезÑлÑÑаÑ, ÑÑиÑеÑкие пÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ "
+"копиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ модиÑикаÑии Ñоже
ÑазлиÑаÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"For practical, functional works, people have to be free with the four "
+"freedoms, including free to publish a modified version. But for art I "
+"wouldn't say that. I think that there's a certain minimum freedom that we "
+"must always have for using any published work, and that is the freedom to "
+"non-commercially distribute verbatim, exact copies. But I wouldn't say that "
+"it has to go further than that necessarily. So I think the Creative Commons "
+"licenses are a very useful and good thing to use for art."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑакÑиÑеÑкиÑ
, ÑÑнкÑионалÑнÑÑ
ÑабоÑ
лÑди Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÑ Ð²Ñеми ÑеÑÑÑÑÐ¼Ñ "
+"Ñвободами, в Ñом ÑиÑле Ñвободой
пÑбликаÑии модиÑиÑиÑованной веÑÑии. Ðо в "
+"оÑноÑении иÑкÑÑÑÑва Ñ Ð±Ñ ÑÑого не Ñказал.
Я дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо еÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"минималÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ñвобода, коÑоÑÐ°Ñ Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð²Ñегда
должна бÑÑÑ Ð¿Ñи полÑзовании лÑбÑм "
+"опÑбликованнÑм пÑоизведением, и ÑÑо
Ñвобода некоммеÑÑеÑкого бÑквалÑного "
+"ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑоÑнÑÑ
копий. Ðо Ñ Ð±Ñ Ð½Ðµ
Ñказал, ÑÑо она должна идÑи далÑÑе, "
+"Ñем ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ñм. Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, ÑÑо
лиÑензии Creative Commons оÑÐµÐ½Ñ "
+"Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ñ Ð¸ Ñ
оÑоÑи Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸ÑкÑÑÑÑва."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "26. Malicious free software"
+msgstr "26. ÐÑедоноÑнÑе ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Since everybody has the freedom to modify the code and "
+"republish it, how do you keep out saboteurs?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐоÑколÑÐºÑ Ñ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾
еÑÑÑ Ñвобода изменÑÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ пеÑеопÑбликовÑваÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
, как вÑ
избежиÑе ÑабоÑажа?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Well, you don't. The point is, you can't ever. So you just "
+"look at these different versions and you see which one you actually like. "
+"You can't keep the saboteurs out of non-free software either; in fact, the "
+"developer could be the saboteur. The developers often put in, as I said, "
+"malicious features. And then you're completely helpless. At least with free "
+"software, you can read the source code, you can compare the two versions. If "
+"you're thinking of switching from this version to that version, you can "
+"compare them and see what's different and look for some malicious code."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Ðа никак. Ðело в Ñом, ÑÑо
Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ можеÑе ÑÑого "
+"никогда. Так ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо ÑмоÑÑиÑе на ÑÑи
ÑазлиÑнÑе веÑÑии и видиÑе, ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ "
+"вам болÑÑе нÑавиÑÑÑ. ÐÑ Ð½Ðµ можеÑе избежаÑÑ
ÑабоÑажа и в ÑлÑÑае Ñ "
+"неÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами; ÑакÑиÑеÑки
ÑабоÑаж Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¸Ð´Ñи Ð¾Ñ ÑазÑабоÑÑика. Ðак "
+"Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ñил, ÑазÑабоÑÑики ÑаÑÑо закладÑваÑÑ
вÑедоноÑнÑе оÑобенноÑÑи. Ð Ñогда "
+"Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð±ÐµÑпомоÑнÑ. Со ÑвободнÑми
пÑогÑаммами вÑ, по кÑайней меÑе, "
+"можеÑе пÑоÑеÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ, можеÑе
ÑÑавниÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ðµ веÑÑии. ÐÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"подÑмÑваеÑе о пеÑеÑ
оде Ñ ÑÑой веÑÑии на ÑÑ
веÑÑиÑ, Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе ÑÑавниÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
и "
+"ÑвидеÑÑ, Ñем они оÑлиÑаÑÑÑÑ, и поиÑкаÑÑ
вÑедоноÑнÑе ÑаÑÑи."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "27. Patented file formats"
+msgstr "27. ÐапаÑенÑованнÑе ÑоÑмаÑÑ Ñайлов"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Do you happen to know which popular file formats are secret "
+"and which ones are public?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑ ÑлÑÑайно не знаеÑе,
какие попÑлÑÑнÑе ÑоÑмаÑÑ "
+"Ñайлов ÑекÑеÑнÑ, а какие неÑ?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Well, of the popular file formats, the only ones that I know "
+"of that are secret are some Microsoft ones. But, on the other hands, there "
+"are others that have patent problems. For instance, there's still a patent "
+"covering LZW compression, which is used in GIF format. And someone has a "
+"patent he claims covers JPEG format and is actually suing a bunch of "
+"companies. And then there's a patent on MP3 audio, so that the free software "
+"MP3 encoders have been driven underground in the US. That's why people "
+"should switch to Ogg Vorbis format. And then, if you look at, say, MPEG-2 "
+"video, there are 39 different US patents said to cover aspects of MPEG-2. So "
+"there are a lot of such problems."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑ, из попÑлÑÑнÑÑ
ÑоÑмаÑов Ñайлов, Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑолÑко о "
+"некоÑоÑÑÑ
ÑоÑмаÑаÑ
Microsoft, ÑÑо они
ÑекÑеÑнÑ. Ðо Ñ Ð´ÑÑгой ÑÑоÑонÑ, еÑÑÑ "
+"дÑÑгие ÑоÑмаÑÑ Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑнÑми пÑоблемами.
ÐапÑимеÑ, до ÑиÑ
Ð¿Ð¾Ñ ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑ, "
+"ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑийÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑжаÑие LZW, коÑоÑое
пÑименÑеÑÑÑ Ð² ÑоÑмаÑе GIF. Ð Ñ "
+"кого-Ñо еÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑенÑ, коÑоÑÑй, как он
ÑÑвеÑждаеÑ, ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑеÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑоÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ "
+"JPEG, и он на Ñамом деле ÑÑдиÑÑÑ Ñ ÐºÑÑей
компаний. РпоÑом, еÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð° "
+"звÑкозапиÑÑ Ð² MP3, Ñак ÑÑо ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸Ñи MP3 в СШРзагнали "
+"в подполÑе. ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ñжно пеÑеÑ
одиÑÑ Ð½Ð°
ÑоÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ Ðгг ÐоÑбиÑ. РпоÑом, когда "
+"Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑмоÑÑиÑе, Ñкажем, на видеоÑоÑÐ¼Ð°Ñ MPEG-2,
Ñо говоÑÑÑ, ÑÑо еÑÑÑ 39 "
+"ÑазлиÑнÑÑ
паÑенÑов СШÐ, коÑоÑÑе
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑазлиÑнÑе аÑпекÑÑ MPEG-"
+"2. Так ÑÑо ÑакиÑ
пÑоблем много."
+
+# type: Attribute 'title' of: <link>
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "28. Games as free software"
+msgstr "28. ÐгÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ðº ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Is there any software that sort of mixes between the "
+"Creative Commons and functional software, such as games or...?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ пÑогÑаммÑ,
коÑоÑÑе как-Ñо ÑмеÑиваÑÑÑÑ "
+"Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Creative Commons и ÑÑнкÑионалÑнÑми
пÑогÑаммами, Ñакие как игÑÑ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸?.."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Well, {you can say that a game} in many cases you can look "
+"at a game as the combination of a program and a scenario. And then it would "
+"make sense to treat the program like a program and the scenario like a work "
+"of fiction. On the other hand, what you see is that it's quite useful for "
+"the users to edit and republish modified versions of these scenarios. So, "
+"although those are like fiction and art, not like software, it really seems "
+"to be useful for users to be free to change them."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑ, во многиÑ
ÑлÑÑаÑÑ
вÑ
можеÑе ÑаÑÑмаÑÑиваÑÑ Ð¸Ð³ÑÑ "
+"как на комбинаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑенаÑиÑ. Ð
Ñогда имело Ð±Ñ ÑмÑÑл ÑаÑÑмаÑÑиваÑÑ "
+"игÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ðº пÑогÑаммÑ, а ÑÑенаÑий — как Ñ
ÑдожеÑÑвенное пÑоизведение. "
+"С дÑÑгой ÑÑоÑонÑ, Ð²Ñ Ð²ÐµÐ´Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸Ñе, ÑÑо длÑ
полÑзоваÑелей оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾ "
+"ÑедакÑиÑоваÑÑ Ð¸ пеÑеопÑбликовÑваÑÑ
измененнÑе веÑÑии ÑÑиÑ
ÑÑенаÑиев. Так "
+"ÑÑо, Ñ
оÑÑ ÑÑо поÑ
оже на Ñ
ÑдожеÑÑвеннÑе
пÑоизведениÑ, на Ñамом деле Ð´Ð»Ñ "
+"полÑзоваÑелей кажеÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾, еÑли они
волÑÐ½Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "29. GPL freedoms for cars, saving seeds"
+msgstr "29. Ð¡Ð²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ GPL Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°Ð²Ñомобилей и ÑоÑ
ÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑемÑн"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Do you envision this free software philosophy to go across, "
+"off the boundary to products, commodities..."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑедвидиÑе ли Ð²Ñ Ð²ÑÑ
од ÑÑой ÑилоÑоÑии ÑвободнÑÑ
"
+"пÑогÑамм далÑÑе, за гÑаниÑÑ, на пÑодÑкÑÑ,
ÑÑлÑги..."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> When you say, \"products, commodities,\" could you be "
+"concrete?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Ðогда Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑе:
“ÐÑодÑкÑÑ, ÑÑлÑги”,"
+"— не могли Ð±Ñ Ð²Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑеÑнее?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "<b>AUDIENCE:</b> [unintelligible] cars"
+msgstr "<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. [неÑазбоÑÑиво]
авÑомобили"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> So should the free software philosophy apply to cars? Okay, "
+"well the free software philosophy is, you should be free to copy and modify "
+"them. So, if you have a car copier, I think you should be free to copy any "
+"car. But there are no car copiers, so that really is a meaningless question. "
+"And then, second, modifying. Well, yeah, I think if you've got a car, you "
+"should be free to modify it and, in fact, lots of people do modify their "
+"cars. So, there may be some restrictions on that, but to a large extent that "
+"freedom exists. So what you see is that this isn't really a meaningful "
+"question when you're talking about physical objects. There are, in general, "
+"no copiers for physical objects."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑак, должна ли ÑилоÑоÑиÑ
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм "
+"пÑименÑÑÑÑÑ Ðº авÑомобилÑм? ХоÑоÑо,
ÑилоÑоÑÐ¸Ñ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм ÑоÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð² "
+"Ñом, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑоваÑÑ
и пÑавиÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
. ÐÑак, еÑли Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ "
+"еÑÑÑ ÑÑÑÑойÑÑво копиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²Ñомобилей,
Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ñ "
+"ÑкопиÑоваÑÑ Ð»Ñбой авÑомобилÑ. Ðо ÑакиÑ
ÑÑÑÑойÑÑв копиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½ÐµÑ, Ñак ÑÑо "
+"ÑÑо вопÑÐ¾Ñ Ð±ÐµÑÑмÑÑленнÑй. РвÑоÑое —
изменениÑ. Так воÑ, да, Ñ "
+"дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо еÑли Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ñина, Ñо Ð²Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð½Ñ
бÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ, и на "
+"Ñамом деле многие Ñвои маÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÑ.
Так ÑÑо на ÑÑо могÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°ÑÑÑÑ "
+"какие-Ñо огÑаниÑениÑ, но в знаÑиÑелÑной
меÑе ÑÑа Ñвобода ÑÑÑеÑÑвÑеÑ. Так ÑÑо "
+"Ð¼Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸Ð¼, ÑÑо ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ñен ÑмÑÑла,
когда Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑе о ÑизиÑеÑкиÑ
"
+"обÑекÑаÑ
. ÐообÑе говоÑÑ, ÑÑÑÑойÑÑв
копиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑизиÑеÑкиÑ
обÑекÑов неÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"If we imagine, someday in the future, that such copiers exist, well that "
+"will be a different situation and yeah, that change would have consequences "
+"for ethics and politics. If we had food copiers, I'm sure that agribusiness "
+"would be trying to forbid people from having and using food copiers. And "
+"that would be a tremendous political issue, just as today there's a "
+"tremendous political issue about whether farmers ought to be allowed to save "
+"seeds. Now, I believe that they have a fundamental right to save seeds and "
+"that it's tyranny to stop them. A democratic government would never do that."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑли Ð¼Ñ Ð¿ÑедÑÑавим Ñебе, ÑÑо когда-нибÑдÑ
в бÑдÑÑем Ñакие ÑÑÑÑойÑÑва "
+"поÑвÑÑÑÑ, нÑ, Ñогда положение бÑдеÑ
дÑÑгим, и ÑÑа пеÑемена вÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑ Ñвои "
+"поÑледÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÑике и полиÑике. ÐÑли Ð±Ñ Ñ
Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±Ñли ÑÑÑÑойÑÑва копиÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ "
+"пиÑи, Ñ ÑвеÑен, ÑÑо ÑелÑÑкоÑ
озÑйÑÑвеннÑе
деловÑе кÑÑги пÑÑалиÑÑ Ð±Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑеÑиÑÑ "
+"лÑдÑм имеÑÑ Ð¸ полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ñакими
ÑÑÑÑойÑÑвами. Ð ÑÑо бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð³Ñандиозной "
+"полиÑиÑеÑкой пÑоблемой, как ÑейÑаÑ
пÑедÑÑавлÑÐµÑ Ð³ÑандиознÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑиÑеÑкÑÑ "
+"пÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ñо, должно ли бÑÑÑ ÑазÑеÑено
ÑеÑмеÑам ÑоÑ
ÑанÑÑÑ Ñемена. Так воÑ, Ñ "
+"Ñбежден, ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
еÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑинÑипиалÑное
пÑаво ÑоÑ
ÑанÑÑÑ Ñемена и не даваÑÑ Ð¸Ð¼ "
+"ÑÑо делаÑÑ — ÑиÑанÑÑво.
ÐемокÑаÑиÑеÑкое гоÑÑдаÑÑÑво никогда Ð±Ñ "
+"Ñак не поÑÑÑпило."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "30. No software is better than non-free software"
+msgstr "30. ÐÑÑÑе никакиÑ
пÑогÑамм, Ñем
неÑвободнÑе"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> [roughly] Do you see a problem with free software being "
+"under-produced because nobody wants to invest money [unintelligible]?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. [пÑиблизиÑелÑно]
СÑиÑаеÑе ли Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ñоблемой "
+"недопÑоизводÑÑво ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм в
ÑвÑзи Ñ Ñем, ÑÑо никÑо не Ñ
оÑÐµÑ "
+"вкладÑваÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñги [неÑазбоÑÑиво]?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> I don't know what you mean by \"under-produced.\" We see "
+"that some people develop free software and some don't. So we could imagine "
+"more people developing free software and, if so, we'd have more of it. But, "
+"you see, the tragedy of the commons really is a matter of overuse. And "
+"that's something that can happen maybe with a field, but it doesn't happen "
+"with software; you can't overuse a program, you don't wear it out. So, "
+"really, there's no analogy there."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Я не знаÑ, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ñ
оÑиÑе
ÑказаÑÑ Ñловом “"
+"недопÑоизводÑÑво”. ÐÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸Ð¼, ÑÑо
какие-Ñо лÑди ÑазÑабаÑÑваÑÑ ÑвободнÑе "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, а какие-Ñо — неÑ. ÐÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸
Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÑедÑÑавиÑÑ Ñебе, ÑÑо "
+"болÑÑе лÑдей ÑазÑабаÑÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑо, в Ñаком ÑлÑÑае, Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"иÑ
болÑÑе. Ðо, видиÑе ли, кÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸Ñ ÑеÑÑÑÑов
на Ñамом деле заклÑÑаеÑÑÑ Ð² "
+"ÑÑезмеÑной ÑкÑплÑаÑаÑии. Ð ÑÑо можеÑ
пÑоизойÑи, напÑимеÑ, Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ¼, но Ñ "
+"пÑогÑаммами ÑÑого не пÑоиÑÑ
одиÑ: Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ
можеÑе пеÑеÑаÑÑ
одоваÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, она "
+"не изнаÑиваеÑÑÑ. Так ÑÑо в
дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи здеÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Well, the example you gave is, let's say there's a useful "
+"program and a thousand people want a change to it. You said they could get "
+"their money together and go hire a programmer to make the change. But each "
+"individual in that group can say, \"well, I'll just let the 999 pay for the "
+"change.\""
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑак, возÑмем ваÑ
пÑимеÑ, Ñкажем, еÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"пÑогÑамма, а ÑÑÑÑÑа лÑдей Ñ
оÑÐµÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑ
ее. ÐÑ Ñказали, ÑÑо они могÑÑ "
+"ÑложиÑÑ Ñвои денÑги вмеÑÑе и нанÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммиÑÑа, коÑоÑÑй Ð±Ñ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑ ÑÑо "
+"изменение. Ðо каждÑй индивидÑÑм в ÑÑой
гÑÑппе ÑкажеÑ: “ÐÑ, Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо "
+"дам оÑÑалÑнÑм 999 заплаÑиÑÑ Ð·Ð° ÑÑо
изменение”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Well, they can do that, but that would be pretty stupid, "
+"because if they saw that the result was, it wasn't getting done, then if "
+"it's of some importance to them, then they're much better off joining and "
+"contributing their money so that the change gets made. And whether they do "
+"this or not, either way I won't agree that anything tragic has happened. If "
+"they join and they pay for their change and they get it, that's good, and if "
+"they don't join and they don't pay for that change, that's good too; I guess "
+"they didn't want it enough. Either one's okay."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Ðа, они ÑÑо могÑÑ, но ÑÑо
бÑло Ð±Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ñно глÑпо, "
+"поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо еÑли Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ понÑли, ÑÑо в
ÑезÑлÑÑаÑе ÑÑо не бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ñделано, Ñо "
+"еÑли ÑÑо Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
ÑколÑко-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½Ð¾, Ñо
им гоÑаздо лÑÑÑе обÑединиÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ "
+"вложиÑÑ Ñвои денÑги, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑовиÑÑ
ÑÑо изменение. Ð ÑделаÑÑ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ ÑÑо или "
+"Ð½ÐµÑ — в лÑбом ÑлÑÑае Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑоглаÑен,
ÑÑо здеÑÑ Ð¿ÑоизоÑла какаÑ-Ñо "
+"ÑÑагедиÑ. ÐÑли они обÑединилиÑÑ,
заплаÑили за изменение и полÑÑили его, ÑÑо "
+"Ñ
оÑоÑо, а еÑли они не обÑединилиÑÑ, не
заплаÑили за ÑÑо изменение "
+"— ÑÑо Ñоже Ñ
оÑоÑо; Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð°Ñ, ÑÑо им
ÑÑого не Ñак Ñж и Ñ
оÑелоÑÑ. Ðи "
+"Ñо, ни дÑÑгое не плоÑ
о."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Non-free software is evil and we're better off with nothing than with non-"
+"free software. The tragedy of the commons can happen either through overuse "
+"or under-contribution, but overuse is impossible in software. Under-"
+"contribution happens when a program is proprietary. Then it's a failure to "
+"contribute to the commons. And so I would like that proprietary software to "
+"stop being developed. A non-free program is worse than no program, because "
+"neither one allows you to get a job done in freedom, but the non-free "
+"program might tempt people to give up their freedom and that's really bad."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐеÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ — зло, и длÑ
Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð»ÑÑÑе, еÑли не бÑÐ´ÐµÑ "
+"ниÑего, Ñем еÑли бÑдÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммÑ. ÐÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸Ñ ÑеÑÑÑÑов Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ "
+"пÑоизойÑи либо пÑи пеÑеÑаÑÑ
оде, либо пÑи
недоÑÑаÑоÑной оÑдаÑе, но в ÑлÑÑае "
+"пÑогÑамм пеÑеÑаÑÑ
од невозможен.
ÐедоÑÑаÑоÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑдаÑа пÑоиÑÑ
одиÑ, когда "
+"пÑогÑамма не Ñвободна. Тогда ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑеÑÑÑÑ
не ÑдаеÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑполÑзоваÑÑ. Ð Ñаким "
+"обÑазом, Ñ Ñ
оÑел бÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑазÑабоÑка
неÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм пÑекÑаÑилаÑÑ. "
+"ÐеÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑогÑамма Ñ
Ñже, Ñем
оÑÑÑÑÑÑвие пÑогÑамм вообÑе, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ни "
+"Ñо, ни дÑÑгое не позволÑÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼ вÑполнÑÑÑ
ÑабоÑÑ Ñвободно, но неÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ "
+"пÑогÑамма могла Ð±Ñ ÑоблазнÑÑÑ Ð»Ñдей
поконÑиÑÑ Ñо Ñвоей Ñвободой, а ÑÑо оÑÐµÐ½Ñ "
+"плоÑ
о."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "31. Portability of free software"
+msgstr "31. ÐеÑеноÑимоÑÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Is their a potential conflict between the free software "
+"philosophy and the portability of [unintelligible]?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ поÑенÑиалÑнÑй
конÑÐ»Ð¸ÐºÑ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑилоÑоÑией "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм и пеÑеноÑимоÑÑÑÑ
[неÑазбоÑÑиво]?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> No, {I don't see} this makes no sense to me at all. I see no "
+"conflict between the philosophy of free software and portability. And in "
+"the free software world we've worked very hard to achieve portability from "
+"all sides. We make our software very portable and we make our software "
+"standardized so that other people can easily have portability, so we are "
+"aiding portability from every possible direction. Meanwhile, you see "
+"Microsoft deliberately introducing incompatibilities and deliberately "
+"blocking interoperability. Microsoft can do that because it has power. We "
+"can't do that. If we make a program incompatible and the users don't like "
+"it, they can change it. They can change it to be compatible. So we are not "
+"in a position where we could impose incompatibility on anybody, because we "
+"have chosen not to try to have power over other people."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐеÑ, Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ñ Ð² ÑÑом
ÑмÑÑла. Я не Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ñ "
+"пÑоÑивоÑеÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑилоÑоÑией ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм и пеÑеноÑимоÑÑÑÑ. Рв миÑе "
+"ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм Ð¼Ñ ÑпоÑно и
вÑеÑÑоÑонне ÑабоÑали над доÑÑижением "
+"пеÑеноÑимоÑÑи. ÐÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÐ¼ наÑи пÑогÑаммÑ
оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеноÑимÑми, Ð¼Ñ ÑÑандаÑÑизÑем "
+"наÑи пÑогÑаммÑ, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð´ÑÑгие лÑди легко
могли полÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑеноÑимоÑÑÑ, Ñак "
+"ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ ÑпоÑобÑÑвÑем пеÑеноÑимоÑÑи во вÑеÑ
возможнÑÑ
напÑавлениÑÑ
. Ð Ñо же "
+"вÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¸Ñе, как Microsoft пÑеднамеÑенно
Ð²Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð½ÐµÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑи и "
+"пÑеднамеÑенно блокиÑÑÐµÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
ÑовмеÑÑной ÑабоÑÑ ÑазлиÑнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм. "
+"Microsoft Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑо благодаÑÑ Ñвоей
влаÑÑи. ÐÑ ÑÑого не можем. ÐÑли "
+"Ð¼Ñ Ñделаем пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½ÐµÑовмеÑÑимой, а
полÑзоваÑелÑм ÑÑо не понÑавиÑÑÑ, они "
+"изменÑÑ ÐµÐµ. Ðни могÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑ ÐµÐµ Ñак,
ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð° ÑÑала ÑовмеÑÑимой. Так ÑÑо "
+"Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ в Ñом положении, в каком можно
навÑзÑваÑÑ Ð½ÐµÑовмеÑÑимоÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ñ Ñо "
+"ни бÑло, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ð¼Ñ ÑеÑили не пÑÑаÑÑÑÑ
полÑÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ дÑÑгими лÑдÑми."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "32. Is some free software obfuscated on purpose?"
+msgstr "32. ÐелаÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ какие-Ñо ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿ÑÑаннÑми наÑоÑно?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Something [unintelligible] obfuscated [unintelligible] "
+"understand it."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ЧÑо-нибÑдÑ
[неÑазбоÑÑиво] запÑÑанное "
+"[неÑазбоÑÑиво] понимаÑÑ ÑÑо."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Well, I disagree with you. Please, this is silly. If you're "
+"saying a program is hard to understand, that's not the same as the people "
+"are restricting it. It's not the same as saying, \"you're forbidden to see "
+"it.\" Now, if you find it unclear, you can work on making it clearer. The "
+"fact is, the developers probably are trying to keep it clear, but it's a "
+"hard job and, unless you want to compare our software with proprietary "
+"software and see which one is clearer, you have no basis to make the claim "
+"that you're making. From what I hear, non-free software is typically much "
+"worse and the reason is that the developers figure no one will ever see it, "
+"so they'll never be embarrassed by how bad it is."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑ, Ñ Ñ Ð²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ не ÑоглаÑен.
ÐомилÑйÑе, ÑÑо же глÑпо. "
+"ÐÑли Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑе, ÑÑо пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑÑÑдно
понимаÑÑ, ÑÑо не Ñо же Ñамое, как "
+"еÑли ее огÑаниÑиваÑÑ Ð»Ñди. ÐÑо не Ñо же
Ñамое, как еÑли говоÑиÑÑ: “Ðам "
+"запÑеÑено ÑÑо видеÑÑ”. Так воÑ, еÑли вÑ
наÑ
одиÑе ÑÑо неÑÑнÑм, Ð²Ñ "
+"можеÑе ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ Ñем, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑо
более ÑÑнÑм. Ðа деле "
+"ÑазÑабоÑÑики, веÑоÑÑно, пÑÑаÑÑÑÑ, ÑÑобÑ
ÑÑо бÑло ÑÑнÑм, но ÑÑо нелегко и, "
+"еÑли Ð²Ñ ÑолÑко не Ñ
оÑиÑе ÑÑавниÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ñи
пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑми пÑогÑаммами "
+"и ÑвидеÑÑ, какие из ниÑ
понÑÑнее, Ñо Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ
Ð½ÐµÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого заÑвлениÑ, "
+"коÑоÑое Ð²Ñ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑе. ÐаÑколÑко Ñ ÑлÑÑал,
неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, как пÑавило, "
+"гоÑаздо Ñ
Ñже, по Ñой пÑиÑине, ÑÑо
ÑазÑабоÑÑики ÑообÑажаÑÑ, ÑÑо никÑо ÑÑого "
+"не ÑвидиÑ, Ñак ÑÑо иÑ
никогда не ÑмÑÑаеÑ
Ñо, наÑколÑко ÑÑо плоÑ
о."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "33. Proprietary keeping an edge"
+msgstr "33. ÐеÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð° пеÑеднем
кÑае"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> You hear the argument a lot from people who manufacture "
+"devices or [unintelligible] hardware that they need to have proprietary "
+"software in order to give them an edge, because, if they gave away the "
+"software for free, then a competitor could manufacture the device "
+"[unintelligible]."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
Ð²Ñ ÑлÑÑали
аÑгÑменÑ, ÑÑо лÑди, коÑоÑÑе "
+"пÑоизводÑÑ ÑÑÑÑойÑÑва или [неÑазбоÑÑиво]
аппаÑаÑÑÑÑ — ÑÑо им "
+"нÑÐ¶Ð½Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, ÑÑобÑ
вÑÑваÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° пеÑедний кÑай, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо, "
+"еÑли Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ оÑдавали пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð±ÐµÑплаÑно,
Ñо конкÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ Ð±Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑовиÑÑ "
+"ÑÑÑÑойÑÑво [неÑазбоÑÑиво]."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> I don't believe this. I think it's all bullshit, because "
+"there they are competing with each other and each one's saying, \"we need to "
+"make the software proprietary to have an edge over the others.\" Well, if "
+"none of them did it, they might all lose their edge? I mean, so what? We "
+"shouldn't buy this. And I mean, we shouldn't buy what they're saying and we "
+"shouldn't buy their products either."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Я ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ веÑÑ. Я дÑмаÑ,
ÑÑо Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð°Ñ
инеÑ, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ "
+"ÑÑо они конкÑÑиÑÑÑÑ Ð´ÑÑг Ñ Ð´ÑÑгом, и
каждÑй говоÑиÑ: “Ðам нÑжно делаÑÑ "
+"пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð½ÐµÑвободнÑми, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð²ÑÑваÑÑÑÑ
впеÑед дÑÑгиÑ
”. ÐÑ, еÑли Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð¸ "
+"один из ниÑ
не делал ÑÑого, ÑÑо же, вÑе они
поÑеÑÑли Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸Ñии? Я Ñ
оÑÑ "
+"ÑказаÑÑ, Ð½Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑо из Ñого? Ðам не нÑжно
покÑпаÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÑо, и иÑ
пÑодÑкÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¼ "
+"Ñоже покÑпаÑÑ Ð½Ðµ ÑледÑеÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "34. Forbidding is forbidden how is this freedom?"
+msgstr "34. ÐÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ñвобода, когда
запÑеÑено запÑеÑаÑÑ?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "<b>AUDIENCE:</b> I might be saying [unintelligible]"
+msgstr "<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. Я Ñказал бÑ
[неÑазбоÑÑиво]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Please don't. The issue that you want to raise may be a good "
+"issue, but please try to raise it in a neutral way, rather than raising it "
+"with an attack."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐожалÑйÑÑа, не делайÑе
ÑÑого. ÐопÑоÑ, коÑоÑÑй Ð²Ñ "
+"Ñ
оÑиÑе поÑÑавиÑÑ, возможно, не плоÑ
, но
попÑÑайÑеÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑавиÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ "
+"нейÑÑалÑно, без нападок."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> There's something in my mind, so I'll just speak up. The "
+"thing is, by actually registering [unintelligible] thing and saying that "
+"\"you can redistribute this software but you have to comply with these four "
+"freedoms,\" is that not restricting my freedom too?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. У Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð² голове еÑÑÑ
мÑÑлÑ, Ñак ÑÑо Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑÑо "
+"вÑÑкажÑÑÑ. Ðело в Ñом, ÑÑо ÑегиÑÑÑиÑÑÑ
[неÑазбоÑÑиво] ÑÑо-Ñо и говоÑÑ, ÑÑо "
+"“Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑе пеÑеÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÑÑ ÑÑÑ
пÑогÑаммÑ, но вам нÑжно ÑоблÑдаÑÑ "
+"ÑÑи ÑеÑÑÑе Ñвободє, Ð²Ñ Ð²ÐµÐ´Ñ
огÑаниÑиваеÑе Ð¼Ð¾Ñ ÑвободÑ?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> No, it's restricting you from having power. To stop A from "
+"subjugating B is not a denial of freedom to A, because to subjugate others "
+"is not freedom. That's power."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐеÑ. ÐÑо не Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ Ð²Ð°Ð¼
полÑÑиÑÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÑÑ; не даваÑÑ Ð "
+"ÑгнеÑаÑÑ Ð Ð½Ðµ знаÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÑиÑаÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð,
поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо ÑгнеÑение дÑÑгиÑ
"
+"— ÑÑо не Ñвобода. ÐÑо влаÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"Now, there may be people who would like to exercise power and we're stopping "
+"them, but that's good and that's not denying anyone freedom."
+msgstr ""
+"Так воÑ, могÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð»Ñди, коÑоÑÑе Ñ
оÑели бÑ
полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð»Ð°ÑÑÑÑ, а Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
+"даем им ÑÑого, но ÑÑо Ñ
оÑоÑо, и ÑÑо никомÑ
не оÑказÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð² Ñвободе."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"I mean, you could just as well say if you're overthrowing a dictator, the "
+"dictator's saying, \"you're taking away my freedom to dictate to everyone!\" "
+"But that's not freedom, that's power."
+msgstr ""
+"Я Ñ
оÑÑ ÑказаÑÑ, ÑÑо Ð²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð¸ Ñ Ñем же ÑÑпеÑ
ом ÑказаÑÑ, ÑÑо еÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"ÑбÑаÑÑваеÑе дикÑаÑоÑа, а дикÑаÑоÑ
говоÑиÑ: “ÐÑ Ð¾ÑнимаеÑе Ð¼Ð¾Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ "
+"пÑиказÑваÑÑ Ð²Ñем!” Ðо ÑÑо не Ñвобода,
ÑÑо влаÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"So I'm making the distinction between freedom, which is having control over "
+"your own life, and power, which is having control over other people's lives. "
+"We've got to make this distinction; if we ignore the difference between "
+"freedom and power, then we lose the ability to judge whether a society is "
+"free or not. You know, if you lose this distinction, then you look at "
+"Stalinist Russia and you say, \"well, there was just as much freedom there, "
+"it's just that Stalin had it all.\" No! In Stalinist Russia, Stalin had "
+"power and people did not have freedom; the freedom wasn't there, because "
+"it's only freedom when it's a matter of controlling your own life. "
+"Controlling other people's lives is not freedom at all, not for either of "
+"the people involved."
+msgstr ""
+"Так ÑÑо Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¶Ñ ÑазлиÑие Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ Ñвободой,
Ñо еÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑолем над Ñвоей "
+"ÑобÑÑвенной жизнÑÑ, и влаÑÑÑÑ, Ñо еÑÑÑ
конÑÑолем над жизнÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
. Ðам "
+"необÑ
одимо пÑоводиÑÑ ÑÑо ÑазлиÑие; еÑли
Ð¼Ñ Ð±Ñдем игноÑиÑоваÑÑ ÑазлиÑие Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ "
+"Ñвободой и влаÑÑÑÑ, Ñо Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑеÑÑем
ÑпоÑобноÑÑÑ ÑÑдиÑÑ Ð¾ Ñом, Ñвободно "
+"обÑеÑÑво или неÑ. ÐонимаеÑе, еÑли Ð²Ñ Ð½Ðµ
ÑазлиÑаеÑе ÑÑого, Ñо Ð²Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑмоÑÑиÑе "
+"на ÑÑалинÑкÑÑ Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑкажеÑе: “ÐÑ, Ñам
бÑло ÑÑолÑко же ÑвободÑ, "
+"пÑоÑÑо вÑÑ Ð¾Ð½Ð° бÑла Ñ Ð¡Ñалина”. ÐеÑ! Ð
ÑÑалинÑкой РоÑÑии Ñ Ð¡Ñалина "
+"бÑла влаÑÑÑ, а ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñ Ð»Ñдей не бÑло;
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ñам не бÑло поÑомÑ, ÑÑо ÑÑо "
+"Ñвобода ÑолÑко Ñогда, когда ÑеÑÑ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð±
ÑпÑавлении Ñвоей ÑобÑÑвенной "
+"жизнÑÑ. УпÑавление жизнÑÑ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
лÑдей — ÑÑо Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð½Ðµ Ñвобода, "
+"ни Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑеÑ
, кÑо пÑавиÑ, ни Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑеÑ
, кем
пÑавÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "35. Can Google help free software"
+msgstr "35. ÐÐ¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð»Ð¸ Google помогаÑÑ ÑвободнÑм
пÑогÑаммам"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> In your opinion, is there anything that Google as a company "
+"could do better in the spirit of free software?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸, по ваÑемÑ
мнениÑ, ÑÑо-нибÑдÑ, Ñем "
+"Google как ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ð»Ð° делаÑÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ в дÑÑ
е
ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> I actually don't know enough about what Google is doing to "
+"have any opinion. But if Google would like to donate some money to the Free "
+"Software Foundation, we would gladly accept it. {I gather that, I mean} I "
+"met some people here who are working on a particular free program, namely "
+"Linux, the kernel. And I didn't ask actually if they publish their "
+"improvements. [<b>AUDIENCE:</b> They do] Oh good, so that's contributing. I "
+"mean, if you want to contribute to other pieces of free software, that would "
+"be nice too, but I don't know if you have a need to do that. And, of course, "
+"if you ever have a chance to release some other generally useful new piece "
+"of free software, that would be good too."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Ðа Ñамом деле Ñ
недоÑÑаÑоÑно знаÑ, Ñем занимаеÑÑÑ "
+"Google, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð±Ñло какое-Ñо мнение. Ðо
еÑли Ð±Ñ Google Ñ
оÑела "
+"пожеÑÑвоваÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ðµ-Ñо денÑги в Фонд
Ñвободного пÑогÑаммного обеÑпеÑениÑ, Ð¼Ñ "
+"Ñ ÑадоÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑинÑли Ð±Ñ Ð¸Ñ
. Я вÑÑÑеÑил здеÑÑ
неÑколÑкиÑ
лÑдей, коÑоÑÑе "
+"ÑабоÑаÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ конкÑеÑной Ñвободной
пÑогÑаммой, а именно, Linux, ÑдÑом. Ð Ñ Ð½Ðµ "
+"ÑпÑаÑивал, пÑбликÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ они Ñвои
ÑлÑÑÑениÑ. [<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. Ðни "
+"пÑбликÑÑÑ.] Ð, ÑÑо Ñ
оÑоÑо, ÑÑо пÑиноÑиÑ
полÑзÑ. Я Ñ
оÑÑ ÑказаÑÑ, еÑли Ð²Ñ "
+"Ñ
оÑиÑе внеÑÑи вклад в какие-Ñо дÑÑгие
ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, ÑÑо Ñоже бÑло Ð±Ñ "
+"Ñлавно, но Ñ Ð½Ðµ знаÑ, еÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ Ñ Ð²Ð°Ñ
поÑÑебноÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÑом. РконеÑно, еÑли Ñ "
+"Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð°-нибÑÐ´Ñ Ð±Ñла Ð±Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
вÑпÑÑÑиÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÐºÑÑ-Ñо дÑÑгÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑеполезнÑÑ "
+"новÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, ÑÑо Ñоже бÑло
Ð±Ñ Ñ
оÑоÑо."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[RMS, 2010: Google now distributes some large nonfree programs. Some are "
+"written in Javascript, and servers install them without your noticing.]"
+msgstr ""
+"[РиÑаÑд СÑолмен, 2010 год: СейÑÐ°Ñ Google
ÑаÑпÑоÑÑÑанÑÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐºÐ¾ÑоÑÑе "
+"кÑÑпнÑе неÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ. ÐекоÑоÑÑе
из ниÑ
напиÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð½Ð° JavaScript, и "
+"ÑеÑвеÑÑ ÑÑÑанавливаÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
незамеÑно длÑ
ваÑ.]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "36. Free software on windows, good or bad"
+msgstr "36. СвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ Windows: Ñ
оÑоÑо
или плоÑ
о"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "I'll take three more questions."
+msgstr "Я оÑвеÑÑ ÐµÑе на ÑÑи вопÑоÑа."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> So, if I develop free software for a proprietary system "
+"such as Windows, essentially I'm supporting the proprietary system. Am I "
+"doing a good or a bad thing here?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑак, еÑли Ñ
ÑазÑабаÑÑÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ "
+"Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñакой неÑвободной ÑиÑÑемÑ, как Windows, по
ÑÑÑеÑÑÐ²Ñ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑ "
+"неÑвободнÑÑ ÑиÑÑемÑ. ÐÐµÐ»Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸ Ñ ÑÑим Ñ
оÑоÑее или плоÑ
ое?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Well, there's a good aspect and a bad aspect. In regard to "
+"the use of your code, you're respecting other people's freedom, so that's "
+"good, but the fact that it only runs on Windows is bad. So, really, you "
+"shouldn't develop it on Windows. You shouldn't use Windows. Using Windows is "
+"bad. {That is, in itself} It's not as bad as being the developer of Windows, "
+"but it's still bad and you shouldn't do that."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑ, в ÑÑом еÑÑÑ Ñ
оÑоÑий
аÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑ Ð¸ плоÑ
ой аÑпекÑ. ЧÑо "
+"каÑаеÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°ÑиÑ
пÑогÑамм, Ñо Ð²Ñ ÑважаеÑе
ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð´ÑÑгиÑ
лÑдей, Ñак ÑÑо ÑÑо "
+"Ñ
оÑоÑо, но ÑÐ¾Ñ ÑакÑ, ÑÑо она ÑабоÑаеÑ
ÑолÑко под Windows — ÑÑо "
+"плоÑ
о. Так ÑÑо в дейÑÑвиÑелÑноÑÑи вам не
ÑледÑÐµÑ ÑазÑабаÑÑваÑÑ Ð¸Ñ
под "
+"Windows. Ðам не ÑледÑÐµÑ Ð¿ÑименÑÑÑ Windows, ÑÑо
плоÑ
о. ÐÑо не Ñак плоÑ
о, как "
+"бÑÑÑ ÑазÑабоÑÑиком Windows, но ÑÑо вÑе-Ñаки
плоÑ
о, и вам не ÑледÑÐµÑ ÑÑого "
+"делаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "<b>AUDIENCE:</b> So you're saying, just don't do it at all."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. ÐÑак, Ð²Ñ Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑиÑе:
“ÐÑоÑÑо не делайÑе "
+"ÑÑого вообÑе”."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Yeah, don't use Windows. Use GNU/Linux and develop your free "
+"program for GNU/Linux instead. And then it will be good in both ways."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑ Ð´Ð°, не полÑзÑйÑеÑÑ
Windows. ÐолÑзÑйÑеÑÑ Ð²Ð¼ÐµÑÑо "
+"ÑÑого GNU/Linux и ÑазÑабаÑÑвайÑе ÑвоÑ
ÑвободнÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ GNU/Linux. Ð "
+"Ñогда ÑÑо бÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ñ
оÑоÑо в обоиÑ
оÑноÑениÑÑ
."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "<b>AUDIENCE:</b> But couldn't it open Windows users to this ideology?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. Ðо Ñазве не могла бÑ
она оÑкÑÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑзоваÑелÑм "
+"Windows ÑÑÑ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> It could, but there's enough free software available for use "
+"on Windows to have that effect. And the thing is, developing software for "
+"Windows is going to create a practical incentive for people to use Windows, "
+"rather than use GNU/Linux. So, please don't."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Ðогла бÑ, но ÑвободнÑÑ
пÑогÑамм Ð´Ð»Ñ Windows Ñже "
+"доÑÑаÑоÑно, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑиÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ ÑÑÑекÑ. Ð
дело в Ñом, ÑÑо ÑазÑабоÑка "
+"пÑогÑамм под Windows бÑÐ´ÐµÑ ÑоздаваÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ
лÑдей пÑакÑиÑеÑкий ÑÑимÑл "
+"полÑзоваÑÑÑÑ Windows, а не GNU/Linux. Так ÑÑо,
пожалÑйÑÑа, не делайÑе ÑÑого."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"[RMS, 2010: to put it more clearly, making free programs run also on Windows "
+"can be useful as he said; however, writing a free program only for Windows "
+"is a waste.]"
+msgstr ""
+"[РиÑаÑд СÑолмен, 2010 год. ÐÐ»Ñ ÑÑноÑÑи:
Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ð¾ делаÑÑ Ñак, "
+"ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ ÑабоÑали Ñакже
под Windows, как он Ñказал; однако "
+"пиÑаÑÑ ÑвободнÑÑ Ð¿ÑогÑаммÑ, коÑоÑаÑ
ÑабоÑÐ°ÐµÑ ÑолÑко под Windows — "
+"ÑÑо пÑÑÑÐ°Ñ ÑÑаÑа ÑÑедÑÑв.]"
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "37. SCO's suit"
+msgstr "37. ÐÑоÑеÑÑ SCO"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> What would be the impact of SCO winning their argument "
+"against Linux? So what would be the impact on..."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. Ðакими бÑли бÑ
поÑледÑÑвиÑ, еÑли Ð±Ñ SCO вÑигÑала "
+"пÑоÑеÑÑ Ð¿ÑоÑив Linux? Ðак ÑÑо ÑказалоÑÑ Ð±Ñ
на..."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> I don't know, it depends. It would have no effect on the "
+"GPL. But {it might have some effect} some code might have to be removed from "
+"Linux. And whether that would be a big problem or a tiny problem depends on "
+"what code, so there's no way of saying. But I don't think SCO is a real "
+"problem. I think software patents and treacherous computing and hardware "
+"with secret specs, those are the real problems. That's what we've got to be "
+"fighting against."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Я не знаÑ, ÑÑо завиÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ
многого. ÐÑо не ÑказалоÑÑ "
+"Ð±Ñ Ð½Ð° GPL. Ðо какие-Ñо ÑекÑÑÑ, возможно, из
Linux пÑиÑлоÑÑ Ð±Ñ ÑдалиÑÑ. Ð "
+"бÑла ли Ð±Ñ ÑÑо болÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблема или
кÑоÑеÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ñоблемка — ÑÑо "
+"завиÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ñого, ÑÑо ÑÑо за ÑекÑÑÑ, Ñак ÑÑо
ÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¸Ñего ÑказаÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ»ÑзÑ. Ðо Ñ "
+"не дÑмаÑ, ÑÑо SCO пÑедÑÑавлÑÐµÑ ÑеалÑнÑÑ
пÑоблемÑ. Я дÑмаÑ, паÑенÑÑ Ð½Ð° "
+"пÑогÑаммÑ, пÑедаÑелÑÑкие вÑÑиÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸
аппаÑаÑÑÑа Ñ ÑекÑеÑнÑми "
+"ÑпеÑиÑикаÑиÑми — Ð²Ð¾Ñ Ð³Ð´Ðµ наÑÑоÑÑие
пÑоблемÑ. ÐÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÑоÑив Ñего нам "
+"нÑжно боÑоÑÑÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "38. Stallman's problem typing"
+msgstr "38. ÐÑоблема СÑолмена Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ñом ÑекÑÑа"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>AUDIENCE:</b> I have a non-ideology question. I'm personally very "
+"interested in your battle with repetitive stress injuries and the impact "
+"that it had on the development of GNU Hurd."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. У Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑоÑ
неидеологиÑеÑкого Ñ
аÑакÑеÑа. Я "
+"лиÑно оÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑеÑеÑÑÑÑÑ Ð²Ð°Ñей боÑÑбой Ñ
ÑÑавмами пÑи кÑмÑлÑÑивном "
+"воздейÑÑвии и влиÑнием, коÑоÑое она
оказала на ÑазÑабоÑÐºÑ GNU Hurd."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> None, because I was never working on the GNU Hurd. {I've "
+"never} We hired a person to write the GNU Hurd. I had nothing to do with "
+"writing it. And there were a few years when I couldn't type much and then we "
+"hired people to type for me. And then I found, by using keyboards with a "
+"light touch, I could type again."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. Ðикакого, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо Ñ
никогда не ÑабоÑал над GNU "
+"Hurd. ÐÑ Ð½Ð°Ð½Ñли Ñеловека Ð´Ð»Ñ Ñого, ÑÑобÑ
напиÑаÑÑ GNU Hurd. Я никакого "
+"оÑноÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ðº его напиÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ðµ имел. ÐÑло
неÑколÑко леÑ, когда Ñ Ð½Ðµ мог "
+"пеÑаÑаÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ñ, и Ñогда Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¸
лÑдей, ÑÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑаÑаÑÑ Ð·Ð° менÑ. РпоÑом "
+"Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð°ÑÑжил, ÑÑо еÑли взÑÑÑ ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ñ
мÑгким оÑкликом, Ñо Ñ Ñнова Ð¼Ð¾Ð³Ñ "
+"пеÑаÑаÑÑ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "39. Open source, good or bad Pat-riot Act."
+msgstr "39. ÐÑкÑÑÑÑй иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ: Ñ
оÑоÑо или
плоÑ
о"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "<b>AUDIENCE:</b> Can you give us your opinion of open source?"
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>ÐÑдиÑоÑиÑ</strong>. Ðаково ваÑе мнение об
оÑкÑÑÑом иÑÑ
одном ÑекÑÑе?"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"<b>RICHARD:</b> Well, the open source movement is sort of like the free "
+"software movement, except with the philosophical foundation discarded. So "
+"they don't talk about right and wrong, or freedom, or inalienable rights, "
+"they just don't present it in ethical terms. They say that they have a "
+"development methodology that they say typically results in technically "
+"superior software. So they only appeal to practical, technical values."
+msgstr ""
+"<strong>РиÑаÑд</strong>. ÐÑ, движение за оÑкÑÑÑÑй
иÑÑ
однÑй ÑекÑÑ Ñем-Ñо "
+"поÑ
оже на движение за ÑвободнÑе
пÑогÑаммÑ, ÑолÑко Ñ Ð¾ÑбÑоÑеннÑм
ÑилоÑоÑÑким "
+"ÑÑндаменÑом. Так ÑÑо они не говоÑÑÑ Ð¾ Ñом,
ÑÑо пÑавилÑно, а ÑÑо — "
+"неÑ, о Ñвободе, о неоÑÑемлемÑÑ
пÑаваÑ
, они
пÑоÑÑо не пÑедÑÑавлÑÑÑ ÑÑо в "
+"ÑеÑминаÑ
ÑÑики. Ðни говоÑÑÑ, ÑÑо Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ñ
еÑÑÑ
меÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ ÑазÑабоÑки, коÑоÑаÑ, "
+"по иÑ
Ñловам, обÑÑно пÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ðº пÑевоÑÑ
однÑм в ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑком оÑноÑении "
+"пÑогÑаммам. Так ÑÑо они апеллиÑÑÑÑ ÑолÑко
к пÑакÑиÑеÑким, ÑеÑ
ниÑеÑким "
+"ÑенноÑÑÑм."
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid ""
+"And what they're saying may be right and if this convinces some people to "
+"write free software, that's a useful contribution. But I think they're "
+"missing the point when they don't talk about freedom, because that's what "
+"makes our community weak, that we don't talk about and think about freedom "
+"enough. People who don't think about freedom won't value their freedom and "
+"they won't defend their freedom and they'll lose it. Look at the USA Pat-"
+"riot Act. You know, people who don't value their freedom will lose it."
+msgstr ""
+"Ð Ñо, ÑÑо они говоÑÑÑ, Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð²ÐµÑно, и
еÑли ÑÑо ÑÐ±ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ð°ÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾-Ñо пиÑаÑÑ "
+"ÑвободнÑе пÑогÑаммÑ, Ñо ÑÑо полезнÑй
вклад. Ðо Ñ Ð´ÑмаÑ, ÑÑо они ÑпÑÑкаÑÑ "
+"ÑÑÑеÑÑвеннÑй моменÑ, когда не говоÑÑÑ Ð¾
Ñвободе, поÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑо именно ÑÑо "
+"Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ñе ÑообÑеÑÑво ÑлабÑм — ÑÑо
Ð¼Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑаÑоÑно говоÑим и "
+"дÑмаем о Ñвободе. Те, кÑо не дÑÐ¼Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¾
Ñвободе, не ÑенÑÑ Ñвоей ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ "
+"— они не бÑдÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑиÑаÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸
ÑÑÑаÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ. ÐзглÑниÑе на Ð°ÐºÑ "
+"“Pat-riot” СШÐ. ÐонимаеÑе, лÑди, коÑоÑÑе
не ÑенÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ ÑвободÑ, "
+"ÑÑÑаÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ."
+
+#. type: Content of: <h3>
+msgid "40. The end"
+msgstr "40. ÐонеÑ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <p>
+msgid "So thank you, and if anyone wants to buy any of these FSF things or..."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑак, благодаÑÑ Ð·Ð° внимание, и еÑли кÑо-Ñо
Ð¶ÐµÐ»Ð°ÐµÑ ÐºÑпиÑÑ ÑÑо-Ñо из ÑÑиÑ
"
+"ÑÑвениÑов ФСÐРили..."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
+#. type: Content of: <div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
+msgstr ""
+"<h3>ÐÑимеÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑеводÑиков</h3>\n"
+"<ol><li id=\"tf1\">ITS — <em>англ.</em> “<span
lang=\"en\"\n"
+"xml:lang=\"en\">Incompatible Timesharing System</span>”.</li>\n"
+"<li id=\"tf2\"><span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">\n"
+"TINT</span> — <em>англ.</em> “оÑÑенок”,\n"
+"“<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">TINT Is Not TECO</span>”;\n"
+"<br />\n"
+"<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">FINE</span> — <em>англ.</em>
"
+"“пÑекÑаÑнÑй”,\n"
+"“<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">FINE Is Not Emacs</span>”;\n"
+"<br />\n"
+"<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">SINE</span> — <em>англ.</em>
"
+"“ÑинÑÑ”,\n"
+"“<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">SINE Is Not Emacs</span>”;\n"
+"<br />\n"
+"<span lang=\"de\" xml:lang=\"de\">EINE</span> — <em>нем.</em> "
+"“одна”,\n"
+"“<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">EINE Is Not Emacs</span>”;\n"
+"<br />\n"
+"<span lang=\"de\" xml:lang=\"de\">ZWEI</span> — <em>нем.</em> "
+"“два”,\n"
+"“<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">ZWEI Was EINE\n"
+"Initially</span>”;<br />\n"
+"<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">MINCE</span> —
<em>англ.</em> "
+"“ÑаÑÑ”,\n"
+"“<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">MINCE Is Not Complete\n"
+"Emacs</span>”.</li>\n"
+"<li id=\"tf3\"><span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">new</span> —\n"
+"<em>англ.</em> “новÑй”.</li>\n"
+"<li id=\"tf4\">GNU GPL — <em>англ.</em>\n"
+"“<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">GNU General Public\n"
+"License</span>”.</li>\n"
+"<li id=\"tf5\">“Hurd” ÑозвÑÑно английÑкомÑ\n"
+"“<span lang=\"en\" xml:lang=\"en\">herd</span>”
(ÑÑадо).</li>\n"
+"</ol>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to <a href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><"
+"address@hidden></a>. There are also <a href=\"/contact/\">other ways to "
+"contact</a> the FSF."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе запÑоÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð¸ GNU
по адÑеÑÑ <a href=\"mailto:";
+"address@hidden"><address@hidden></a>. ÐÑÑÑ Ñакже <a
href=\"/contact/"
+"\">дÑÑгие ÑпоÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ ÑвÑзаÑÑÑÑ</a> Ñ Ñондом."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to <a href="
+"\"mailto:address@hidden";><address@hidden></a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐожалÑйÑÑа, пÑиÑÑлайÑе оÑÑеÑÑ Ð¾
неÑабоÑаÑÑиÑ
ÑÑÑлкаÑ
и дÑÑгие попÑавки или
"
+"пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";><"
+"address@hidden></a>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"Please see the <a href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html"
+"\">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting "
+"translations of this article."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑ ÑÑаÑалиÑÑ ÑделаÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑевод ÑоÑнÑм
и каÑеÑÑвеннÑм, но иÑклÑÑиÑÑ "
+"возможноÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñибки Ð¼Ñ Ð½Ðµ можем.
ÐÑиÑÑлайÑе, пожалÑйÑÑа, Ñвои замеÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ "
+"пÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ пеÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ адÑеÑÑ <a
href=\"mailto:address@hidden";
+"\"><address@hidden></a>. </p><p>Ð¡Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾
кооÑдинаÑии и "
+"пÑедложениÑм пеÑеводов наÑиÑ
ÑÑаÑей Ñм. в
<a href=\"/server/standards/README."
+"translations.html\">“Ð ÑководÑÑве по
пеÑеводам”</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><p>
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Copyright © 2004, 2010 Richard Stallman"
+msgstr ""
+"Copyright © 2004, 2010 Richard Stallman<br />Copyright © 2013 Free "
+"Software Foundation, Inc. (translation)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid ""
+"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" href=\"http://";
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/\">Creative Commons Attribution-"
+"NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>."
+msgstr ""
+"ÐÑо пÑоизведение доÑÑÑпно по <a rel=\"license\"
href=\"http://";
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/deed.ru\">лиÑензии Creative
"
+"Commons Attribution-NoDerivs (<em>ÐÑÑибÑÑÐ¸Ñ — Ðез
пÑоизводнÑÑ
"
+"пÑоизведений</em>) 3.0 СШÐ</a>."
+
+# type: Content of: <div><div>
+#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
+#. type: Content of: <div><div>
+msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
+msgstr ""
+"<em>Ðнимание! РподгоÑовке ÑÑого пеÑевода
ÑÑаÑÑвовал ÑолÑко один Ñеловек. ÐÑ "
+"можеÑе ÑÑÑеÑÑвенно ÑлÑÑÑиÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑевод, еÑли
пÑовеÑиÑе его и ÑаÑÑкажеÑе о "
+"найденнÑÑ
оÑибкаÑ
в <a
href=\"http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-ru";
+"\">ÑÑÑÑкой гÑÑппе пеÑеводов gnu.org</a>.</em>"
+
+#. timestamp start
+#. type: Content of: <div><p>
+msgid "Updated:"
+msgstr "Ðбновлено:"
- www/philosophy/po google-engineering-talk.ru.po,
Pavel Kharitonov <=